Commit | Line | Data |
---|---|---|
a0d0e21e LW |
1 | =head1 NAME |
2 | ||
3 | perldiag - various Perl diagnostics | |
4 | ||
5 | =head1 DESCRIPTION | |
6 | ||
7 | These messages are classified as follows (listed in increasing order of | |
8 | desperation): | |
9 | ||
10 | (W) A warning (optional). | |
d1d15184 | 11 | (D) A deprecation (enabled by default). |
00eb3f2b | 12 | (S) A severe warning (enabled by default). |
a0d0e21e LW |
13 | (F) A fatal error (trappable). |
14 | (P) An internal error you should never see (trappable). | |
54310121 | 15 | (X) A very fatal error (nontrappable). |
cb1a09d0 | 16 | (A) An alien error message (not generated by Perl). |
a0d0e21e | 17 | |
75b44862 | 18 | The majority of messages from the first three classifications above |
64977eb6 | 19 | (W, D & S) can be controlled using the C<warnings> pragma. |
e476b1b5 GS |
20 | |
21 | If a message can be controlled by the C<warnings> pragma, its warning | |
22 | category is included with the classification letter in the description | |
466416ed | 23 | below. E.g. C<(W closed)> means a warning in the C<closed> category. |
e476b1b5 GS |
24 | |
25 | Optional warnings are enabled by using the C<warnings> pragma or the B<-w> | |
fa816bf3 | 26 | and B<-W> switches. Warnings may be captured by setting C<$SIG{__WARN__}> |
e476b1b5 GS |
27 | to a reference to a routine that will be called on each warning instead |
28 | of printing it. See L<perlvar>. | |
29 | ||
b7eceb5b | 30 | Severe warnings are always enabled, unless they are explicitly disabled |
e476b1b5 | 31 | with the C<warnings> pragma or the B<-X> switch. |
4438c4b7 | 32 | |
748a9306 | 33 | Trappable errors may be trapped using the eval operator. See |
4438c4b7 JH |
34 | L<perlfunc/eval>. In almost all cases, warnings may be selectively |
35 | disabled or promoted to fatal errors using the C<warnings> pragma. | |
36 | See L<warnings>. | |
a0d0e21e | 37 | |
6df41af2 GS |
38 | The messages are in alphabetical order, without regard to upper or |
39 | lower-case. Some of these messages are generic. Spots that vary are | |
40 | denoted with a %s or other printf-style escape. These escapes are | |
41 | ignored by the alphabetical order, as are all characters other than | |
42 | letters. To look up your message, just ignore anything that is not a | |
43 | letter. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
44 | |
45 | =over 4 | |
46 | ||
6df41af2 | 47 | =item accept() on closed socket %s |
33633739 | 48 | |
be771a83 GS |
49 | (W closed) You tried to do an accept on a closed socket. Did you forget |
50 | to check the return value of your socket() call? See | |
51 | L<perlfunc/accept>. | |
33633739 | 52 | |
baabe3fb FC |
53 | =item Aliasing via reference is experimental |
54 | ||
55 | (S experimental::refaliasing) This warning is emitted if you use | |
56 | a reference constructor on the left-hand side of an assignment to | |
57 | alias one variable to another. Simply suppress the warning if you | |
58 | want to use the feature, but know that in doing so you are taking | |
59 | the risk of using an experimental feature which may change or be | |
60 | removed in a future Perl version: | |
61 | ||
62 | no warnings "experimental::refaliasing"; | |
63 | use feature "refaliasing"; | |
64 | \$x = \$y; | |
65 | ||
04f74579 | 66 | =item '%c' allowed only after types %s in %s |
ef54e1a4 | 67 | |
1109a392 MHM |
68 | (F) The modifiers '!', '<' and '>' are allowed in pack() or unpack() only |
69 | after certain types. See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
ef54e1a4 | 70 | |
74d1b2e4 FC |
71 | =item alpha->numify() is lossy |
72 | ||
73 | (W numeric) An alpha version can not be numified without losing | |
74 | information. | |
75 | ||
6df41af2 | 76 | =item Ambiguous call resolved as CORE::%s(), qualify as such or use & |
43192e07 | 77 | |
75b44862 | 78 | (W ambiguous) A subroutine you have declared has the same name as a Perl |
be771a83 GS |
79 | keyword, and you have used the name without qualification for calling |
80 | one or the other. Perl decided to call the builtin because the | |
81 | subroutine is not imported. | |
43192e07 | 82 | |
6df41af2 GS |
83 | To force interpretation as a subroutine call, either put an ampersand |
84 | before the subroutine name, or qualify the name with its package. | |
85 | Alternatively, you can import the subroutine (or pretend that it's | |
86 | imported with the C<use subs> pragma). | |
43192e07 | 87 | |
6df41af2 | 88 | To silently interpret it as the Perl operator, use the C<CORE::> prefix |
496a33f5 | 89 | on the operator (e.g. C<CORE::log($x)>) or declare the subroutine |
be771a83 GS |
90 | to be an object method (see L<perlsub/"Subroutine Attributes"> or |
91 | L<attributes>). | |
43192e07 | 92 | |
c2e66d9e GS |
93 | =item Ambiguous range in transliteration operator |
94 | ||
95 | (F) You wrote something like C<tr/a-z-0//> which doesn't mean anything at | |
96 | all. To include a C<-> character in a transliteration, put it either | |
97 | first or last. (In the past, C<tr/a-z-0//> was synonymous with | |
98 | C<tr/a-y//>, which was probably not what you would have expected.) | |
99 | ||
6df41af2 | 100 | =item Ambiguous use of %s resolved as %s |
43192e07 | 101 | |
7c7af292 | 102 | (S ambiguous) You said something that may not be interpreted the way |
6df41af2 GS |
103 | you thought. Normally it's pretty easy to disambiguate it by supplying |
104 | a missing quote, operator, parenthesis pair or declaration. | |
a0d0e21e | 105 | |
591f5ca2 FC |
106 | =item Ambiguous use of -%s resolved as -&%s() |
107 | ||
108 | (S ambiguous) You wrote something like C<-foo>, which might be the | |
109 | string C<"-foo">, or a call to the function C<foo>, negated. If you meant | |
110 | the string, just write C<"-foo">. If you meant the function call, | |
111 | write C<-foo()>. | |
112 | ||
d8225693 JM |
113 | =item Ambiguous use of %c resolved as operator %c |
114 | ||
7c7af292 | 115 | (S ambiguous) C<%>, C<&>, and C<*> are both infix operators (modulus, |
3303f755 FC |
116 | bitwise and, and multiplication) I<and> initial special characters |
117 | (denoting hashes, subroutines and typeglobs), and you said something | |
118 | like C<*foo * foo> that might be interpreted as either of them. We | |
119 | assumed you meant the infix operator, but please try to make it more | |
120 | clear -- in the example given, you might write C<*foo * foo()> if you | |
121 | really meant to multiply a glob by the result of calling a function. | |
d8225693 | 122 | |
1ef43bca JM |
123 | =item Ambiguous use of %c{%s} resolved to %c%s |
124 | ||
125 | (W ambiguous) You wrote something like C<@{foo}>, which might be | |
126 | asking for the variable C<@foo>, or it might be calling a function | |
127 | named foo, and dereferencing it as an array reference. If you wanted | |
1cecf2c0 | 128 | the variable, you can just write C<@foo>. If you wanted to call the |
1ef43bca JM |
129 | function, write C<@{foo()}> ... or you could just not have a variable |
130 | and a function with the same name, and save yourself a lot of trouble. | |
131 | ||
e850844c FC |
132 | =item Ambiguous use of %c{%s[...]} resolved to %c%s[...] |
133 | ||
134 | =item Ambiguous use of %c{%s{...}} resolved to %c%s{...} | |
4da60377 | 135 | |
fa816bf3 FC |
136 | (W ambiguous) You wrote something like C<${foo[2]}> (where foo represents |
137 | the name of a Perl keyword), which might be looking for element number | |
138 | 2 of the array named C<@foo>, in which case please write C<$foo[2]>, or you | |
139 | might have meant to pass an anonymous arrayref to the function named | |
140 | foo, and then do a scalar deref on the value it returns. If you meant | |
141 | that, write C<${foo([2])}>. | |
ccaaf480 FC |
142 | |
143 | In regular expressions, the C<${foo[2]}> syntax is sometimes necessary | |
144 | to disambiguate between array subscripts and character classes. | |
fa816bf3 FC |
145 | C</$length[2345]/>, for instance, will be interpreted as C<$length> followed |
146 | by the character class C<[2345]>. If an array subscript is what you | |
147 | want, you can avoid the warning by changing C</${length[2345]}/> to the | |
148 | unsightly C</${\$length[2345]}/>, by renaming your array to something | |
149 | that does not coincide with a built-in keyword, or by simply turning | |
150 | off warnings with C<no warnings 'ambiguous';>. | |
4da60377 | 151 | |
6df41af2 | 152 | =item '|' and '<' may not both be specified on command line |
a0d0e21e | 153 | |
be771a83 GS |
154 | (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl does its own command line |
155 | redirection, and found that STDIN was a pipe, and that you also tried to | |
156 | redirect STDIN using '<'. Only one STDIN stream to a customer, please. | |
c9f97d15 | 157 | |
6df41af2 | 158 | =item '|' and '>' may not both be specified on command line |
1028017a | 159 | |
be771a83 GS |
160 | (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl does its own command line |
161 | redirection, and thinks you tried to redirect stdout both to a file and | |
162 | into a pipe to another command. You need to choose one or the other, | |
163 | though nothing's stopping you from piping into a program or Perl script | |
164 | which 'splits' output into two streams, such as | |
1028017a | 165 | |
6df41af2 GS |
166 | open(OUT,">$ARGV[0]") or die "Can't write to $ARGV[0]: $!"; |
167 | while (<STDIN>) { | |
168 | print; | |
169 | print OUT; | |
170 | } | |
171 | close OUT; | |
c9f97d15 | 172 | |
6df41af2 | 173 | =item Applying %s to %s will act on scalar(%s) |
eb6e2d6f | 174 | |
496a33f5 SC |
175 | (W misc) The pattern match (C<//>), substitution (C<s///>), and |
176 | transliteration (C<tr///>) operators work on scalar values. If you apply | |
be771a83 | 177 | one of them to an array or a hash, it will convert the array or hash to |
ac036724 | 178 | a scalar value (the length of an array, or the population info of a |
179 | hash) and then work on that scalar value. This is probably not what | |
be771a83 GS |
180 | you meant to do. See L<perlfunc/grep> and L<perlfunc/map> for |
181 | alternatives. | |
eb6e2d6f | 182 | |
6df41af2 | 183 | =item Arg too short for msgsnd |
76cd736e | 184 | |
6df41af2 | 185 | (F) msgsnd() requires a string at least as long as sizeof(long). |
76cd736e | 186 | |
f86702cc | 187 | =item Argument "%s" isn't numeric%s |
a0d0e21e | 188 | |
be771a83 GS |
189 | (W numeric) The indicated string was fed as an argument to an operator |
190 | that expected a numeric value instead. If you're fortunate the message | |
191 | will identify which operator was so unfortunate. | |
a0d0e21e | 192 | |
98a44ad2 JH |
193 | Note that for the C<Inf> and C<NaN> (infinity and not-a-number) the |
194 | definition of "numeric" is somewhat unusual: the strings themselves | |
195 | (like "Inf") are considered numeric, and anything following them is | |
196 | considered non-numeric. | |
197 | ||
b4581f09 JH |
198 | =item Argument list not closed for PerlIO layer "%s" |
199 | ||
a534ac11 FC |
200 | (W layer) When pushing a layer with arguments onto the Perl I/O |
201 | system you forgot the ) that closes the argument list. (Layers | |
202 | take care of transforming data between external and internal | |
203 | representations.) Perl stopped parsing the layer list at this | |
204 | point and did not attempt to push this layer. If your program | |
205 | didn't explicitly request the failing operation, it may be the | |
206 | result of the value of the environment variable PERLIO. | |
b4581f09 | 207 | |
3f7602fa TC |
208 | =item Argument "%s" treated as 0 in increment (++) |
209 | ||
210 | (W numeric) The indicated string was fed as an argument to the C<++> | |
211 | operator which expects either a number or a string matching | |
212 | C</^[a-zA-Z]*[0-9]*\z/>. See L<perlop/Auto-increment and | |
213 | Auto-decrement> for details. | |
214 | ||
637494ac | 215 | =item Array passed to stat will be coerced to a scalar%s |
3c3c69d8 TC |
216 | |
217 | (W syntax) You called stat() on an array, but the array will be | |
218 | coerced to a scalar - the number of elements in the array. | |
219 | ||
b913d0b8 FC |
220 | =item A signature parameter must start with '$', '@' or '%' |
221 | ||
222 | (F) Each subroutine signature parameter declaration must start with a valid | |
223 | sigil; for example: | |
224 | ||
225 | sub foo ($a, $, $b = 1, @c) {} | |
226 | ||
227 | =item A slurpy parameter may not have a default value | |
228 | ||
229 | (F) Only scalar subroutine signature parameters may have a default value; | |
230 | for example: | |
231 | ||
232 | sub foo ($a = 1) {} # legal | |
233 | sub foo (@a = (1)) {} # invalid | |
234 | sub foo (%a = (a => b)) {} # invalid | |
235 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
236 | =item assertion botched: %s |
237 | ||
21b5e840 | 238 | (X) The malloc package that comes with Perl had an internal failure. |
a0d0e21e | 239 | |
0eacef8e | 240 | =item Assertion %s failed: file "%s", line %d |
a0d0e21e | 241 | |
21b5e840 | 242 | (X) A general assertion failed. The file in question must be examined. |
a0d0e21e | 243 | |
1f8155a2 FC |
244 | =item Assigned value is not a reference |
245 | ||
246 | (F) You tried to assign something that was not a reference to an lvalue | |
247 | reference (e.g., C<\$x = $y>). If you meant to make $x an alias to $y, use | |
248 | C<\$x = \$y>. | |
249 | ||
250 | =item Assigned value is not %s reference | |
251 | ||
baabe3fb FC |
252 | (F) You tried to assign a reference to a reference constructor, but the |
253 | two references were not of the same type. You cannot alias a scalar to | |
254 | an array, or an array to a hash; the two types must match. | |
1f8155a2 FC |
255 | |
256 | \$x = \@y; # error | |
257 | \@x = \%y; # error | |
258 | $y = []; | |
259 | \$x = $y; # error; did you mean \$y? | |
260 | ||
82122228 FC |
261 | =item Assigning non-zero to $[ is no longer possible |
262 | ||
c22e17d0 DIM |
263 | (F) When the "array_base" feature is disabled |
264 | (e.g., and under C<use v5.16;>, and as of Perl 5.30) | |
7d345e3d | 265 | the special variable C<$[>, which is deprecated, is now a fixed zero value. |
82122228 | 266 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
267 | =item Assignment to both a list and a scalar |
268 | ||
269 | (F) If you assign to a conditional operator, the 2nd and 3rd arguments | |
270 | must either both be scalars or both be lists. Otherwise Perl won't | |
271 | know which context to supply to the right side. | |
272 | ||
46d34d0e KW |
273 | =item Assuming NOT a POSIX class since %s in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
274 | ||
275 | (W regexp) You had something like these: | |
276 | ||
277 | [[:alnum]] | |
278 | [[:digit:xyz] | |
279 | ||
280 | They look like they might have been meant to be the POSIX classes | |
281 | C<[:alnum:]> or C<[:digit:]>. If so, they should be written: | |
282 | ||
283 | [[:alnum:]] | |
284 | [[:digit:]xyz] | |
285 | ||
286 | Since these aren't legal POSIX class specifications, but are legal | |
287 | bracketed character classes, Perl treats them as the latter. In the | |
288 | first example, it matches the characters C<":">, C<"[">, C<"a">, C<"l">, | |
289 | C<"m">, C<"n">, and C<"u">. | |
290 | ||
291 | If these weren't meant to be POSIX classes, this warning message is | |
292 | spurious, and can be suppressed by reordering things, such as | |
293 | ||
294 | [[al:num]] | |
295 | ||
296 | or | |
297 | ||
298 | [[:munla]] | |
299 | ||
f51551f7 FC |
300 | =item <> at require-statement should be quotes |
301 | ||
302 | (F) You wrote C<< require <file> >> when you should have written | |
303 | C<require 'file'>. | |
304 | ||
2393f1b9 | 305 | =item Attempt to access disallowed key '%s' in a restricted hash |
1b1f1335 | 306 | |
49293501 | 307 | (F) The failing code has attempted to get or set a key which is not in |
2393f1b9 | 308 | the current set of allowed keys of a restricted hash. |
49293501 | 309 | |
dcdfe746 FC |
310 | =item Attempt to bless into a freed package |
311 | ||
312 | (F) You wrote C<bless $foo> with one argument after somehow causing | |
313 | the current package to be freed. Perl cannot figure out what to | |
0c5a5b27 | 314 | do, so it throws up its hands in despair. |
dcdfe746 | 315 | |
81689caa HS |
316 | =item Attempt to bless into a reference |
317 | ||
318 | (F) The CLASSNAME argument to the bless() operator is expected to be | |
57dedab9 | 319 | the name of the package to bless the resulting object into. You've |
81689caa HS |
320 | supplied instead a reference to something: perhaps you wrote |
321 | ||
322 | bless $self, $proto; | |
323 | ||
324 | when you intended | |
325 | ||
326 | bless $self, ref($proto) || $proto; | |
327 | ||
328 | If you actually want to bless into the stringified version | |
329 | of the reference supplied, you need to stringify it yourself, for | |
330 | example by: | |
331 | ||
332 | bless $self, "$proto"; | |
333 | ||
a730510a FC |
334 | =item Attempt to clear deleted array |
335 | ||
336 | (S debugging) An array was assigned to when it was being freed. | |
337 | Freed values are not supposed to be visible to Perl code. This | |
338 | can also happen if XS code calls C<av_clear> from a custom magic | |
339 | callback on the array. | |
340 | ||
96ebfdd7 RK |
341 | =item Attempt to delete disallowed key '%s' from a restricted hash |
342 | ||
343 | (F) The failing code attempted to delete from a restricted hash a key | |
344 | which is not in its key set. | |
345 | ||
346 | =item Attempt to delete readonly key '%s' from a restricted hash | |
347 | ||
348 | (F) The failing code attempted to delete a key whose value has been | |
349 | declared readonly from a restricted hash. | |
350 | ||
de42a5a9 | 351 | =item Attempt to free non-arena SV: 0x%x |
a0d0e21e | 352 | |
f84fe999 | 353 | (S internal) All SV objects are supposed to be allocated from arenas |
be771a83 GS |
354 | that will be garbage collected on exit. An SV was discovered to be |
355 | outside any of those arenas. | |
a0d0e21e | 356 | |
12578ffb | 357 | =item Attempt to free nonexistent shared string '%s'%s |
bbce6d69 | 358 | |
f84fe999 | 359 | (S internal) Perl maintains a reference-counted internal table of |
be771a83 GS |
360 | strings to optimize the storage and access of hash keys and other |
361 | strings. This indicates someone tried to decrement the reference count | |
362 | of a string that can no longer be found in the table. | |
bbce6d69 | 363 | |
7d5b40b4 | 364 | =item Attempt to free temp prematurely: SV 0x%x |
a0d0e21e | 365 | |
f84fe999 | 366 | (S debugging) Mortalized values are supposed to be freed by the |
be771a83 GS |
367 | free_tmps() routine. This indicates that something else is freeing the |
368 | SV before the free_tmps() routine gets a chance, which means that the | |
369 | free_tmps() routine will be freeing an unreferenced scalar when it does | |
370 | try to free it. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
371 | |
372 | =item Attempt to free unreferenced glob pointers | |
373 | ||
f84fe999 | 374 | (S internal) The reference counts got screwed up on symbol aliases. |
a0d0e21e | 375 | |
7d5b40b4 | 376 | =item Attempt to free unreferenced scalar: SV 0x%x |
a0d0e21e | 377 | |
8f7e4d2c | 378 | (S internal) Perl went to decrement the reference count of a scalar to |
be771a83 GS |
379 | see if it would go to 0, and discovered that it had already gone to 0 |
380 | earlier, and should have been freed, and in fact, probably was freed. | |
381 | This could indicate that SvREFCNT_dec() was called too many times, or | |
382 | that SvREFCNT_inc() was called too few times, or that the SV was | |
383 | mortalized when it shouldn't have been, or that memory has been | |
384 | corrupted. | |
a0d0e21e | 385 | |
84902520 TB |
386 | =item Attempt to pack pointer to temporary value |
387 | ||
be771a83 GS |
388 | (W pack) You tried to pass a temporary value (like the result of a |
389 | function, or a computed expression) to the "p" pack() template. This | |
390 | means the result contains a pointer to a location that could become | |
391 | invalid anytime, even before the end of the current statement. Use | |
392 | literals or global values as arguments to the "p" pack() template to | |
393 | avoid this warning. | |
84902520 | 394 | |
087b5369 RD |
395 | =item Attempt to reload %s aborted. |
396 | ||
397 | (F) You tried to load a file with C<use> or C<require> that failed to | |
398 | compile once already. Perl will not try to compile this file again | |
399 | unless you delete its entry from %INC. See L<perlfunc/require> and | |
400 | L<perlvar/%INC>. | |
401 | ||
1b20cd17 NC |
402 | =item Attempt to set length of freed array |
403 | ||
0c5c527f FC |
404 | (W misc) You tried to set the length of an array which has |
405 | been freed. You can do this by storing a reference to the | |
406 | scalar representing the last index of an array and later | |
407 | assigning through that reference. For example | |
1b20cd17 NC |
408 | |
409 | $r = do {my @a; \$#a}; | |
410 | $$r = 503 | |
411 | ||
b7a902f4 | 412 | =item Attempt to use reference as lvalue in substr |
413 | ||
be771a83 GS |
414 | (W substr) You supplied a reference as the first argument to substr() |
415 | used as an lvalue, which is pretty strange. Perhaps you forgot to | |
416 | dereference it first. See L<perlfunc/substr>. | |
b7a902f4 | 417 | |
591f5ca2 FC |
418 | =item Attribute prototype(%s) discards earlier prototype attribute in same sub |
419 | ||
420 | (W misc) A sub was declared as sub foo : prototype(A) : prototype(B) {}, for | |
421 | example. Since each sub can only have one prototype, the earlier | |
422 | declaration(s) are discarded while the last one is applied. | |
423 | ||
ccce04a4 FC |
424 | =item av_reify called on tied array |
425 | ||
426 | (S debugging) This indicates that something went wrong and Perl got I<very> | |
427 | confused about C<@_> or C<@DB::args> being tied. | |
428 | ||
de42a5a9 | 429 | =item Bad arg length for %s, is %u, should be %d |
a0d0e21e | 430 | |
be771a83 GS |
431 | (F) You passed a buffer of the wrong size to one of msgctl(), semctl() |
432 | or shmctl(). In C parlance, the correct sizes are, respectively, | |
5f05dabc | 433 | S<sizeof(struct msqid_ds *)>, S<sizeof(struct semid_ds *)>, and |
a0d0e21e LW |
434 | S<sizeof(struct shmid_ds *)>. |
435 | ||
7a95317d GS |
436 | =item Bad evalled substitution pattern |
437 | ||
496a33f5 | 438 | (F) You've used the C</e> switch to evaluate the replacement for a |
7a95317d GS |
439 | substitution, but perl found a syntax error in the code to evaluate, |
440 | most likely an unexpected right brace '}'. | |
441 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
442 | =item Bad filehandle: %s |
443 | ||
be771a83 GS |
444 | (F) A symbol was passed to something wanting a filehandle, but the |
445 | symbol has no filehandle associated with it. Perhaps you didn't do an | |
446 | open(), or did it in another package. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
447 | |
448 | =item Bad free() ignored | |
449 | ||
be771a83 | 450 | (S malloc) An internal routine called free() on something that had never |
fa816bf3 | 451 | been malloc()ed in the first place. Mandatory, but can be disabled by |
9ea8bc6d | 452 | setting environment variable C<PERL_BADFREE> to 0. |
33c8a3fe | 453 | |
9ea8bc6d | 454 | This message can be seen quite often with DB_File on systems with "hard" |
6903afa2 | 455 | dynamic linking, like C<AIX> and C<OS/2>. It is a bug of C<Berkeley DB> |
be771a83 | 456 | which is left unnoticed if C<DB> uses I<forgiving> system malloc(). |
a0d0e21e | 457 | |
6df41af2 GS |
458 | =item Badly placed ()'s |
459 | ||
460 | (A) You've accidentally run your script through B<csh> instead | |
461 | of Perl. Check the #! line, or manually feed your script into | |
462 | Perl yourself. | |
463 | ||
a7cb8dae | 464 | =item Bad name after %s |
a0d0e21e | 465 | |
be771a83 GS |
466 | (F) You started to name a symbol by using a package prefix, and then |
467 | didn't finish the symbol. In particular, you can't interpolate outside | |
468 | of quotes, so | |
a0d0e21e LW |
469 | |
470 | $var = 'myvar'; | |
471 | $sym = mypack::$var; | |
472 | ||
473 | is not the same as | |
474 | ||
475 | $var = 'myvar'; | |
476 | $sym = "mypack::$var"; | |
477 | ||
88e1f1a2 JV |
478 | =item Bad plugin affecting keyword '%s' |
479 | ||
480 | (F) An extension using the keyword plugin mechanism violated the | |
481 | plugin API. | |
482 | ||
4ad56ec9 IZ |
483 | =item Bad realloc() ignored |
484 | ||
6903afa2 FC |
485 | (S malloc) An internal routine called realloc() on something that |
486 | had never been malloc()ed in the first place. Mandatory, but can | |
487 | be disabled by setting the environment variable C<PERL_BADFREE> to 1. | |
4ad56ec9 | 488 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
489 | =item Bad symbol for array |
490 | ||
491 | (P) An internal request asked to add an array entry to something that | |
492 | wasn't a symbol table entry. | |
493 | ||
4df3f177 SP |
494 | =item Bad symbol for dirhandle |
495 | ||
496 | (P) An internal request asked to add a dirhandle entry to something | |
497 | that wasn't a symbol table entry. | |
498 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
499 | =item Bad symbol for filehandle |
500 | ||
be771a83 GS |
501 | (P) An internal request asked to add a filehandle entry to something |
502 | that wasn't a symbol table entry. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
503 | |
504 | =item Bad symbol for hash | |
505 | ||
506 | (P) An internal request asked to add a hash entry to something that | |
507 | wasn't a symbol table entry. | |
508 | ||
e6d55c99 FC |
509 | =item Bad symbol for scalar |
510 | ||
511 | (P) An internal request asked to add a scalar entry to something that | |
512 | wasn't a symbol table entry. | |
513 | ||
34d09196 GS |
514 | =item Bareword found in conditional |
515 | ||
be771a83 GS |
516 | (W bareword) The compiler found a bareword where it expected a |
517 | conditional, which often indicates that an || or && was parsed as part | |
518 | of the last argument of the previous construct, for example: | |
34d09196 GS |
519 | |
520 | open FOO || die; | |
521 | ||
be771a83 GS |
522 | It may also indicate a misspelled constant that has been interpreted as |
523 | a bareword: | |
34d09196 GS |
524 | |
525 | use constant TYPO => 1; | |
526 | if (TYOP) { print "foo" } | |
527 | ||
528 | The C<strict> pragma is useful in avoiding such errors. | |
529 | ||
a52f2cce NC |
530 | =item Bareword in require contains "%s" |
531 | ||
a52f2cce NC |
532 | =item Bareword in require maps to disallowed filename "%s" |
533 | ||
09eb1f39 | 534 | =item Bareword in require maps to empty filename |
5bad2b39 | 535 | |
a52f2cce | 536 | (F) The bareword form of require has been invoked with a filename which could |
d4e5761f | 537 | not have been generated by a valid bareword permitted by the parser. You |
a52f2cce NC |
538 | shouldn't be able to get this error from Perl code, but XS code may throw it |
539 | if it passes an invalid module name to C<Perl_load_module>. | |
540 | ||
5bad2b39 DM |
541 | =item Bareword in require must not start with a double-colon: "%s" |
542 | ||
543 | (F) In C<require Bare::Word>, the bareword is not allowed to start with a | |
d4e5761f | 544 | double-colon. Write C<require ::Foo::Bar> as C<require Foo::Bar> instead. |
5bad2b39 | 545 | |
6df41af2 GS |
546 | =item Bareword "%s" not allowed while "strict subs" in use |
547 | ||
548 | (F) With "strict subs" in use, a bareword is only allowed as a | |
be771a83 GS |
549 | subroutine identifier, in curly brackets or to the left of the "=>" |
550 | symbol. Perhaps you need to predeclare a subroutine? | |
6df41af2 GS |
551 | |
552 | =item Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent package | |
553 | ||
be771a83 GS |
554 | (W bareword) You used a qualified bareword of the form C<Foo::>, but the |
555 | compiler saw no other uses of that namespace before that point. Perhaps | |
556 | you need to predeclare a package? | |
6df41af2 | 557 | |
0f2beabb TC |
558 | =item Bareword filehandle "%s" not allowed under 'no feature "bareword_filehandles"' |
559 | ||
560 | (F) You attempted to use a bareword filehandle with the | |
561 | C<bareword_filehandles> feature disabled. | |
562 | ||
563 | Only the built-in handles C<STDIN>, C<STDOUT>, C<STDERR>, C<ARGV>, | |
564 | C<ARGVOUT> and C<DATA> can be used with the C<bareword_filehandles> | |
565 | feature disabled. | |
566 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
567 | =item BEGIN failed--compilation aborted |
568 | ||
be771a83 GS |
569 | (F) An untrapped exception was raised while executing a BEGIN |
570 | subroutine. Compilation stops immediately and the interpreter is | |
571 | exited. | |
a0d0e21e | 572 | |
68dc0745 | 573 | =item BEGIN not safe after errors--compilation aborted |
574 | ||
575 | (F) Perl found a C<BEGIN {}> subroutine (or a C<use> directive, which | |
be771a83 GS |
576 | implies a C<BEGIN {}>) after one or more compilation errors had already |
577 | occurred. Since the intended environment for the C<BEGIN {}> could not | |
578 | be guaranteed (due to the errors), and since subsequent code likely | |
579 | depends on its correct operation, Perl just gave up. | |
68dc0745 | 580 | |
c782d7ee | 581 | =item \%d better written as $%d |
6df41af2 | 582 | |
be771a83 GS |
583 | (W syntax) Outside of patterns, backreferences live on as variables. |
584 | The use of backslashes is grandfathered on the right-hand side of a | |
585 | substitution, but stylistically it's better to use the variable form | |
586 | because other Perl programmers will expect it, and it works better if | |
587 | there are more than 9 backreferences. | |
6df41af2 | 588 | |
252aa082 JH |
589 | =item Binary number > 0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable |
590 | ||
e476b1b5 | 591 | (W portable) The binary number you specified is larger than 2**32-1 |
9e24b6e2 JH |
592 | (4294967295) and therefore non-portable between systems. See |
593 | L<perlport> for more on portability concerns. | |
252aa082 | 594 | |
69282e91 | 595 | =item bind() on closed socket %s |
a0d0e21e | 596 | |
be771a83 GS |
597 | (W closed) You tried to do a bind on a closed socket. Did you forget to |
598 | check the return value of your socket() call? See L<perlfunc/bind>. | |
a0d0e21e | 599 | |
c289d2f7 JH |
600 | =item binmode() on closed filehandle %s |
601 | ||
602 | (W unopened) You tried binmode() on a filehandle that was never opened. | |
4dcecea4 | 603 | Check your control flow and number of arguments. |
c289d2f7 | 604 | |
c5a0f51a JH |
605 | =item Bit vector size > 32 non-portable |
606 | ||
e476b1b5 | 607 | (W portable) Using bit vector sizes larger than 32 is non-portable. |
c5a0f51a | 608 | |
043c750c | 609 | =item Bizarre copy of %s |
4633a7c4 | 610 | |
be771a83 | 611 | (P) Perl detected an attempt to copy an internal value that is not |
ab830aa0 | 612 | copiable. |
4633a7c4 | 613 | |
5a25739d FC |
614 | =item Bizarre SvTYPE [%d] |
615 | ||
434f489b | 616 | (P) When starting a new thread or returning values from a thread, Perl |
5a25739d FC |
617 | encountered an invalid data type. |
618 | ||
b927b7e9 | 619 | =item Both or neither range ends should be Unicode in regex; marked by |
6e8a73f2 | 620 | S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
b927b7e9 KW |
621 | |
622 | (W regexp) (only under C<S<use re 'strict'>> or within C<(?[...])>) | |
623 | ||
624 | In a bracketed character class in a regular expression pattern, you | |
625 | had a range which has exactly one end of it specified using C<\N{}>, and | |
626 | the other end is specified using a non-portable mechanism. Perl treats | |
627 | the range as a Unicode range, that is, all the characters in it are | |
628 | considered to be the Unicode characters, and which may be different code | |
629 | points on some platforms Perl runs on. For example, C<[\N{U+06}-\x08]> | |
630 | is treated as if you had instead said C<[\N{U+06}-\N{U+08}]>, that is it | |
631 | matches the characters whose code points in Unicode are 6, 7, and 8. | |
632 | But that C<\x08> might indicate that you meant something different, so | |
633 | the warning gets raised. | |
634 | ||
f675dbe5 CB |
635 | =item Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s |
636 | ||
be771a83 GS |
637 | (W internal) A warning peculiar to VMS. While Perl was preparing to |
638 | iterate over %ENV, it encountered a logical name or symbol definition | |
639 | which was too long, so it was truncated to the string shown. | |
f675dbe5 | 640 | |
cc4aa213 PE |
641 | =item Built-in function '%s' is experimental |
642 | ||
643 | (S experimental::builtin) A call is being made to a function in the | |
644 | C<builtin::> namespace, which is currently experimental. The existence | |
645 | or nature of the function may be subject to change in a future version | |
646 | of Perl. | |
647 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
648 | =item Callback called exit |
649 | ||
4929bf7b | 650 | (F) A subroutine invoked from an external package via call_sv() |
a0d0e21e LW |
651 | exited by calling exit. |
652 | ||
6df41af2 | 653 | =item %s() called too early to check prototype |
f675dbe5 | 654 | |
be771a83 GS |
655 | (W prototype) You've called a function that has a prototype before the |
656 | parser saw a definition or declaration for it, and Perl could not check | |
657 | that the call conforms to the prototype. You need to either add an | |
658 | early prototype declaration for the subroutine in question, or move the | |
659 | subroutine definition ahead of the call to get proper prototype | |
660 | checking. Alternatively, if you are certain that you're calling the | |
661 | function correctly, you may put an ampersand before the name to avoid | |
662 | the warning. See L<perlsub>. | |
f675dbe5 | 663 | |
0c7df902 JH |
664 | =item Cannot chr %f |
665 | ||
666 | (F) You passed an invalid number (like an infinity or not-a-number) to C<chr>. | |
667 | ||
1b4d0d79 TC |
668 | =item Cannot complete in-place edit of %s: %s |
669 | ||
670 | (F) Your perl script appears to have changed directory while | |
671 | performing an in-place edit of a file specified by a relative path, | |
672 | and your system doesn't include the directory relative POSIX functions | |
673 | needed to handle that. | |
674 | ||
5dee29d4 | 675 | =item Cannot compress %f in pack |
0c7df902 | 676 | |
5dee29d4 JH |
677 | (F) You tried compressing an infinity or not-a-number as an unsigned |
678 | integer with BER, which makes no sense. | |
0c7df902 | 679 | |
49704364 | 680 | =item Cannot compress integer in pack |
0258719b | 681 | |
717feafc JH |
682 | (F) An argument to pack("w",...) was too large to compress. |
683 | The BER compressed integer format can only be used with positive | |
684 | integers, and you attempted to compress a very large number (> 1e308). | |
685 | See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
0258719b | 686 | |
49704364 | 687 | =item Cannot compress negative numbers in pack |
0258719b NC |
688 | |
689 | (F) An argument to pack("w",...) was negative. The BER compressed integer | |
690 | format can only be used with positive integers. See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
691 | ||
5c1f4d79 NC |
692 | =item Cannot convert a reference to %s to typeglob |
693 | ||
6903afa2 FC |
694 | (F) You manipulated Perl's symbol table directly, stored a reference |
695 | in it, then tried to access that symbol via conventional Perl syntax. | |
696 | The access triggers Perl to autovivify that typeglob, but it there is | |
697 | no legal conversion from that type of reference to a typeglob. | |
5c1f4d79 | 698 | |
4040665a | 699 | =item Cannot copy to %s |
ba2fdce6 NC |
700 | |
701 | (P) Perl detected an attempt to copy a value to an internal type that cannot | |
4dcecea4 | 702 | be directly assigned to. |
ba2fdce6 | 703 | |
b5d97229 RGS |
704 | =item Cannot find encoding "%s" |
705 | ||
706 | (S io) You tried to apply an encoding that did not exist to a filehandle, | |
707 | either with open() or binmode(). | |
708 | ||
714f94d1 FC |
709 | =item Cannot open %s as a dirhandle: it is already open as a filehandle |
710 | ||
711 | (F) You tried to use opendir() to associate a dirhandle to a symbol (glob | |
712 | or scalar) that already holds a filehandle. Since this idiom might render | |
713 | your code confusing, it was deprecated in Perl 5.10. As of Perl 5.28, it | |
714 | is a fatal error. | |
715 | ||
716 | =item Cannot open %s as a filehandle: it is already open as a dirhandle | |
717 | ||
718 | (F) You tried to use open() to associate a filehandle to a symbol (glob | |
719 | or scalar) that already holds a dirhandle. Since this idiom might render | |
720 | your code confusing, it was deprecated in Perl 5.10. As of Perl 5.28, it | |
721 | is a fatal error. | |
722 | ||
0c7df902 JH |
723 | =item Cannot pack %f with '%c' |
724 | ||
5dee29d4 | 725 | (F) You tried converting an infinity or not-a-number to an integer, |
0c7df902 JH |
726 | which makes no sense. |
727 | ||
728 | =item Cannot printf %f with '%c' | |
729 | ||
730 | (F) You tried printing an infinity or not-a-number as a character (%c), | |
731 | which makes no sense. Maybe you meant '%s', or just stringifying it? | |
732 | ||
7355df7e FC |
733 | =item Cannot set tied @DB::args |
734 | ||
735 | (F) C<caller> tried to set C<@DB::args>, but found it tied. Tying C<@DB::args> | |
736 | is not supported. (Before this error was added, it used to crash.) | |
737 | ||
ce65bc73 FC |
738 | =item Cannot tie unreifiable array |
739 | ||
740 | (P) You somehow managed to call C<tie> on an array that does not | |
741 | keep a reference count on its arguments and cannot be made to | |
742 | do so. Such arrays are not even supposed to be accessible to | |
743 | Perl code, but are only used internally. | |
744 | ||
26b0dc0c | 745 | =item Cannot yet reorder sv_vcatpvfn() arguments from va_list |
46e58bd2 | 746 | |
26b0dc0c | 747 | (F) Some XS code tried to use C<sv_vcatpvfn()> or a related function with a |
46e58bd2 | 748 | format string that specifies explicit indexes for some of the elements, and |
d4e5761f FC |
749 | using a C-style variable-argument list (a C<va_list>). This is not currently |
750 | supported. XS authors wanting to do this must instead construct a C array | |
751 | of C<SV*> scalars containing the arguments. | |
46e58bd2 | 752 | |
96ebfdd7 RK |
753 | =item Can only compress unsigned integers in pack |
754 | ||
755 | (F) An argument to pack("w",...) was not an integer. The BER compressed | |
756 | integer format can only be used with positive integers, and you attempted | |
757 | to compress something else. See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
758 | ||
483cd949 | 759 | =item Can't "%s" out of a "defer" block |
f79e2ff9 | 760 | |
483cd949 | 761 | (F) An attempt was made to jump out of the scope of a C<defer> block by using |
f79e2ff9 PE |
762 | a control-flow statement such as C<return>, C<goto> or a loop control. This is |
763 | not permitted. | |
764 | ||
e5e291f5 PE |
765 | =item Can't "%s" out of a "finally" block |
766 | ||
767 | (F) Similar to above, but involving a C<finally> block at the end of a | |
768 | C<try>/C<catch> construction rather than a C<defer> block. | |
769 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
770 | =item Can't bless non-reference value |
771 | ||
772 | (F) Only hard references may be blessed. This is how Perl "enforces" | |
773 | encapsulation of objects. See L<perlobj>. | |
774 | ||
7896dde7 Z |
775 | =item Can't "break" in a loop topicalizer |
776 | ||
777 | (F) You called C<break>, but you're in a C<foreach> block rather than | |
778 | a C<given> block. You probably meant to use C<next> or C<last>. | |
779 | ||
780 | =item Can't "break" outside a given block | |
781 | ||
782 | (F) You called C<break>, but you're not inside a C<given> block. | |
783 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
784 | =item Can't call method "%s" on an undefined value |
785 | ||
786 | (F) You used the syntax of a method call, but the slot filled by the | |
be771a83 GS |
787 | object reference or package name contains an undefined value. Something |
788 | like this will reproduce the error: | |
6df41af2 GS |
789 | |
790 | $BADREF = undef; | |
791 | process $BADREF 1,2,3; | |
792 | $BADREF->process(1,2,3); | |
793 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
794 | =item Can't call method "%s" on unblessed reference |
795 | ||
54310121 | 796 | (F) A method call must know in what package it's supposed to run. It |
be771a83 GS |
797 | ordinarily finds this out from the object reference you supply, but you |
798 | didn't supply an object reference in this case. A reference isn't an | |
799 | object reference until it has been blessed. See L<perlobj>. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
800 | |
801 | =item Can't call method "%s" without a package or object reference | |
802 | ||
803 | (F) You used the syntax of a method call, but the slot filled by the | |
be771a83 GS |
804 | object reference or package name contains an expression that returns a |
805 | defined value which is neither an object reference nor a package name. | |
72b5445b GS |
806 | Something like this will reproduce the error: |
807 | ||
808 | $BADREF = 42; | |
809 | process $BADREF 1,2,3; | |
810 | $BADREF->process(1,2,3); | |
811 | ||
dfe378f1 FC |
812 | =item Can't call mro_isa_changed_in() on anonymous symbol table |
813 | ||
814 | (P) Perl got confused as to whether a hash was a plain hash or a | |
815 | symbol table hash when trying to update @ISA caches. | |
816 | ||
2bf7e7b2 FC |
817 | =item Can't call mro_method_changed_in() on anonymous symbol table |
818 | ||
819 | (F) An XS module tried to call C<mro_method_changed_in> on a hash that was | |
820 | not attached to the symbol table. | |
821 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
822 | =item Can't chdir to %s |
823 | ||
f703fc96 | 824 | (F) You called C<perl -x/foo/bar>, but F</foo/bar> is not a directory |
a0d0e21e LW |
825 | that you can chdir to, possibly because it doesn't exist. |
826 | ||
22e74366 | 827 | =item Can't coerce %s to %s in %s |
a0d0e21e LW |
828 | |
829 | (F) Certain types of SVs, in particular real symbol table entries | |
55497cff | 830 | (typeglobs), can't be forced to stop being what they are. So you can't |
a0d0e21e LW |
831 | say things like: |
832 | ||
833 | *foo += 1; | |
834 | ||
835 | You CAN say | |
836 | ||
837 | $foo = *foo; | |
838 | $foo += 1; | |
839 | ||
840 | but then $foo no longer contains a glob. | |
841 | ||
7896dde7 | 842 | =item Can't "continue" outside a when block |
dc57907a | 843 | |
7896dde7 Z |
844 | (F) You called C<continue>, but you're not inside a C<when> |
845 | or C<default> block. | |
0d863452 | 846 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
847 | =item Can't create pipe mailbox |
848 | ||
be771a83 GS |
849 | (P) An error peculiar to VMS. The process is suffering from exhausted |
850 | quotas or other plumbing problems. | |
a0d0e21e | 851 | |
eb64745e GS |
852 | =item Can't declare %s in "%s" |
853 | ||
30c282f6 NC |
854 | (F) Only scalar, array, and hash variables may be declared as "my", "our" or |
855 | "state" variables. They must have ordinary identifiers as names. | |
a0d0e21e | 856 | |
7896dde7 Z |
857 | =item Can't "default" outside a topicalizer |
858 | ||
859 | (F) You have used a C<default> block that is neither inside a | |
860 | C<foreach> loop nor a C<given> block. (Note that this error is | |
861 | issued on exit from the C<default> block, so you won't get the | |
862 | error if you use an explicit C<continue>.) | |
863 | ||
1e85b658 DM |
864 | =item Can't determine class of operator %s, assuming BASEOP |
865 | ||
866 | (S) This warning indicates something wrong in the internals of perl. | |
867 | Perl was trying to find the class (e.g. LISTOP) of a particular OP, | |
868 | and was unable to do so. This is likely to be due to a bug in the perl | |
869 | internals, or due to a bug in XS code which manipulates perl optrees. | |
870 | ||
a2162cd9 FC |
871 | =item Can't do inplace edit: %s is not a regular file |
872 | ||
873 | (S inplace) You tried to use the B<-i> switch on a special file, such as | |
874 | a file in /dev, a FIFO or an uneditable directory. The file was ignored. | |
875 | ||
876 | =item Can't do inplace edit on %s: %s | |
877 | ||
878 | (S inplace) The creation of the new file failed for the indicated | |
879 | reason. | |
880 | ||
a2162cd9 FC |
881 | =item Can't do inplace edit: %s would not be unique |
882 | ||
883 | (S inplace) Your filesystem does not support filenames longer than 14 | |
884 | characters and Perl was unable to create a unique filename during | |
885 | inplace editing with the B<-i> switch. The file was ignored. | |
886 | ||
ab0b796c KW |
887 | =item Can't do %s("%s") on non-UTF-8 locale; resolved to "%s". |
888 | ||
889 | (W locale) You are 1) running under "C<use locale>"; 2) the current | |
890 | locale is not a UTF-8 one; 3) you tried to do the designated case-change | |
891 | operation on the specified Unicode character; and 4) the result of this | |
892 | operation would mix Unicode and locale rules, which likely conflict. | |
893 | Mixing of different rule types is forbidden, so the operation was not | |
894 | done; instead the result is the indicated value, which is the best | |
895 | available that uses entirely Unicode rules. That turns out to almost | |
896 | always be the original character, unchanged. | |
897 | ||
898 | It is generally a bad idea to mix non-UTF-8 locales and Unicode, and | |
899 | this issue is one of the reasons why. This warning is raised when | |
900 | Unicode rules would normally cause the result of this operation to | |
901 | contain a character that is in the range specified by the locale, | |
902 | 0..255, and hence is subject to the locale's rules, not Unicode's. | |
903 | ||
904 | If you are using locale purely for its characteristics related to things | |
905 | like its numeric and time formatting (and not C<LC_CTYPE>), consider | |
906 | using a restricted form of the locale pragma (see L<perllocale/The "use | |
907 | locale" pragma>) like "S<C<use locale ':not_characters'>>". | |
908 | ||
909 | Note that failed case-changing operations done as a result of | |
910 | case-insensitive C</i> regular expression matching will show up in this | |
911 | warning as having the C<fc> operation (as that is what the regular | |
912 | expression engine calls behind the scenes.) | |
913 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
914 | =item Can't do waitpid with flags |
915 | ||
be771a83 GS |
916 | (F) This machine doesn't have either waitpid() or wait4(), so only |
917 | waitpid() without flags is emulated. | |
a0d0e21e | 918 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
919 | =item Can't emulate -%s on #! line |
920 | ||
be771a83 GS |
921 | (F) The #! line specifies a switch that doesn't make sense at this |
922 | point. For example, it'd be kind of silly to put a B<-x> on the #! | |
923 | line. | |
a0d0e21e | 924 | |
1109a392 MHM |
925 | =item Can't %s %s-endian %ss on this platform |
926 | ||
927 | (F) Your platform's byte-order is neither big-endian nor little-endian, | |
928 | or it has a very strange pointer size. Packing and unpacking big- or | |
929 | little-endian floating point values and pointers may not be possible. | |
930 | See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
931 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
932 | =item Can't exec "%s": %s |
933 | ||
d1be9408 | 934 | (W exec) A system(), exec(), or piped open call could not execute the |
be771a83 GS |
935 | named program for the indicated reason. Typical reasons include: the |
936 | permissions were wrong on the file, the file wasn't found in | |
937 | C<$ENV{PATH}>, the executable in question was compiled for another | |
938 | architecture, or the #! line in a script points to an interpreter that | |
939 | can't be run for similar reasons. (Or maybe your system doesn't support | |
940 | #! at all.) | |
a0d0e21e LW |
941 | |
942 | =item Can't exec %s | |
943 | ||
be771a83 GS |
944 | (F) Perl was trying to execute the indicated program for you because |
945 | that's what the #! line said. If that's not what you wanted, you may | |
946 | need to mention "perl" on the #! line somewhere. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
947 | |
948 | =item Can't execute %s | |
949 | ||
be771a83 GS |
950 | (F) You used the B<-S> switch, but the copies of the script to execute |
951 | found in the PATH did not have correct permissions. | |
2a92aaa0 | 952 | |
6df41af2 | 953 | =item Can't find an opnumber for "%s" |
2a92aaa0 | 954 | |
be771a83 GS |
955 | (F) A string of a form C<CORE::word> was given to prototype(), but there |
956 | is no builtin with the name C<word>. | |
6df41af2 GS |
957 | |
958 | =item Can't find label %s | |
959 | ||
be771a83 GS |
960 | (F) You said to goto a label that isn't mentioned anywhere that it's |
961 | possible for us to go to. See L<perlfunc/goto>. | |
2a92aaa0 GS |
962 | |
963 | =item Can't find %s on PATH | |
964 | ||
be771a83 GS |
965 | (F) You used the B<-S> switch, but the script to execute could not be |
966 | found in the PATH. | |
a0d0e21e | 967 | |
6df41af2 | 968 | =item Can't find %s on PATH, '.' not in PATH |
a0d0e21e | 969 | |
be771a83 GS |
970 | (F) You used the B<-S> switch, but the script to execute could not be |
971 | found in the PATH, or at least not with the correct permissions. The | |
972 | script exists in the current directory, but PATH prohibits running it. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
973 | |
974 | =item Can't find string terminator %s anywhere before EOF | |
975 | ||
be771a83 GS |
976 | (F) Perl strings can stretch over multiple lines. This message means |
977 | that the closing delimiter was omitted. Because bracketed quotes count | |
978 | nesting levels, the following is missing its final parenthesis: | |
a0d0e21e | 979 | |
fb73857a | 980 | print q(The character '(' starts a side comment.); |
981 | ||
97b3d10f | 982 | If you're getting this error from a here-document, you may have |
b6b8cb97 FC |
983 | included unseen whitespace before or after your closing tag or there |
984 | may not be a linebreak after it. A good programmer's editor will have | |
985 | a way to help you find these characters (or lack of characters). See | |
986 | L<perlop> for the full details on here-documents. | |
a0d0e21e | 987 | |
660a4616 TS |
988 | =item Can't find Unicode property definition "%s" |
989 | ||
29f52644 KW |
990 | =item Can't find Unicode property definition "%s" in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
991 | ||
992 | (F) The named property which you specified via C<\p> or C<\P> is not one | |
993 | known to Perl. Perhaps you misspelled the name? See | |
e1b711da | 994 | L<perluniprops/Properties accessible through \p{} and \P{}> |
29f52644 KW |
995 | for a complete list of available official |
996 | properties. If it is a | |
997 | L<user-defined property|perlunicode/User-Defined Character Properties> | |
998 | it must have been defined by the time the regular expression is | |
999 | matched. | |
1000 | ||
1001 | If you didn't mean to use a Unicode property, escape the C<\p>, either | |
1002 | by C<\\p> (just the C<\p>) or by C<\Q\p> (the rest of the string, or | |
5f8ad6b6 | 1003 | until C<\E>). |
660a4616 | 1004 | |
b3647a36 | 1005 | =item Can't fork: %s |
a0d0e21e | 1006 | |
be771a83 GS |
1007 | (F) A fatal error occurred while trying to fork while opening a |
1008 | pipeline. | |
a0d0e21e | 1009 | |
b3647a36 SR |
1010 | =item Can't fork, trying again in 5 seconds |
1011 | ||
c973c02e | 1012 | (W pipe) A fork in a piped open failed with EAGAIN and will be retried |
b3647a36 SR |
1013 | after five seconds. |
1014 | ||
748a9306 LW |
1015 | =item Can't get filespec - stale stat buffer? |
1016 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1017 | (S) A warning peculiar to VMS. This arises because of the difference |
1018 | between access checks under VMS and under the Unix model Perl assumes. | |
1019 | Under VMS, access checks are done by filename, rather than by bits in | |
1020 | the stat buffer, so that ACLs and other protections can be taken into | |
1021 | account. Unfortunately, Perl assumes that the stat buffer contains all | |
1022 | the necessary information, and passes it, instead of the filespec, to | |
2fe2bdfd | 1023 | the access-checking routine. It will try to retrieve the filespec using |
be771a83 GS |
1024 | the device name and FID present in the stat buffer, but this works only |
1025 | if you haven't made a subsequent call to the CRTL stat() routine, | |
1026 | because the device name is overwritten with each call. If this warning | |
2fe2bdfd FC |
1027 | appears, the name lookup failed, and the access-checking routine gave up |
1028 | and returned FALSE, just to be conservative. (Note: The access-checking | |
be771a83 GS |
1029 | routine knows about the Perl C<stat> operator and file tests, so you |
1030 | shouldn't ever see this warning in response to a Perl command; it arises | |
1031 | only if some internal code takes stat buffers lightly.) | |
748a9306 | 1032 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
1033 | =item Can't get pipe mailbox device name |
1034 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1035 | (P) An error peculiar to VMS. After creating a mailbox to act as a |
1036 | pipe, Perl can't retrieve its name for later use. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
1037 | |
1038 | =item Can't get SYSGEN parameter value for MAXBUF | |
1039 | ||
748a9306 LW |
1040 | (P) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl asked $GETSYI how big you want your |
1041 | mailbox buffers to be, and didn't get an answer. | |
a0d0e21e | 1042 | |
6d90e983 FC |
1043 | =item Can't "goto" into a binary or list expression |
1044 | ||
1045 | (F) A "goto" statement was executed to jump into the middle of a binary | |
1046 | or list expression. You can't get there from here. The reason for this | |
1047 | restriction is that the interpreter would get confused as to how many | |
1048 | arguments there are, resulting in stack corruption or crashes. This | |
1049 | error occurs in cases such as these: | |
1050 | ||
1051 | goto F; | |
1052 | print do { F: }; # Can't jump into the arguments to print | |
1053 | ||
1054 | goto G; | |
1055 | $x + do { G: $y }; # How is + supposed to get its first operand? | |
1056 | ||
483cd949 | 1057 | =item Can't "goto" into a "defer" block |
315aa462 | 1058 | |
caa9af33 | 1059 | (F) A C<goto> statement was executed to jump into the scope of a C<defer> |
315aa462 PE |
1060 | block. This is not permitted. |
1061 | ||
a01f4640 FC |
1062 | =item Can't "goto" into a "given" block |
1063 | ||
1064 | (F) A "goto" statement was executed to jump into the middle of a C<given> | |
1065 | block. You can't get there from here. See L<perlfunc/goto>. | |
1066 | ||
6df41af2 | 1067 | =item Can't "goto" into the middle of a foreach loop |
a0d0e21e | 1068 | |
be771a83 GS |
1069 | (F) A "goto" statement was executed to jump into the middle of a foreach |
1070 | loop. You can't get there from here. See L<perlfunc/goto>. | |
6df41af2 GS |
1071 | |
1072 | =item Can't "goto" out of a pseudo block | |
1073 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1074 | (F) A "goto" statement was executed to jump out of what might look like |
1075 | a block, except that it isn't a proper block. This usually occurs if | |
1076 | you tried to jump out of a sort() block or subroutine, which is a no-no. | |
1077 | See L<perlfunc/goto>. | |
a0d0e21e | 1078 | |
5a25739d FC |
1079 | =item Can't goto subroutine from an eval-%s |
1080 | ||
1081 | (F) The "goto subroutine" call can't be used to jump out of an eval | |
1082 | "string" or block. | |
1083 | ||
9850bf21 | 1084 | =item Can't goto subroutine from a sort sub (or similar callback) |
cd299c6e | 1085 | |
9850bf21 RH |
1086 | (F) The "goto subroutine" call can't be used to jump out of the |
1087 | comparison sub for a sort(), or from a similar callback (such | |
1088 | as the reduce() function in List::Util). | |
1089 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
1090 | =item Can't goto subroutine outside a subroutine |
1091 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1092 | (F) The deeply magical "goto subroutine" call can only replace one |
1093 | subroutine call for another. It can't manufacture one out of whole | |
1094 | cloth. In general you should be calling it out of only an AUTOLOAD | |
1095 | routine anyway. See L<perlfunc/goto>. | |
6df41af2 | 1096 | |
0b5b802d GS |
1097 | =item Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default |
1098 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1099 | (W signal) Perl has detected that it is being run with the SIGCHLD |
1100 | signal (sometimes known as SIGCLD) disabled. Since disabling this | |
1101 | signal will interfere with proper determination of exit status of child | |
1102 | processes, Perl has reset the signal to its default value. This | |
1103 | situation typically indicates that the parent program under which Perl | |
1104 | may be running (e.g. cron) is being very careless. | |
0b5b802d | 1105 | |
e2c0f81f DG |
1106 | =item Can't kill a non-numeric process ID |
1107 | ||
1108 | (F) Process identifiers must be (signed) integers. It is a fatal error to | |
1109 | attempt to kill() an undefined, empty-string or otherwise non-numeric | |
1110 | process identifier. | |
1111 | ||
6df41af2 | 1112 | =item Can't "last" outside a loop block |
4633a7c4 | 1113 | |
6df41af2 | 1114 | (F) A "last" statement was executed to break out of the current block, |
be771a83 GS |
1115 | except that there's this itty bitty problem called there isn't a current |
1116 | block. Note that an "if" or "else" block doesn't count as a "loopish" | |
1117 | block, as doesn't a block given to sort(), map() or grep(). You can | |
1118 | usually double the curlies to get the same effect though, because the | |
1119 | inner curlies will be considered a block that loops once. See | |
1120 | L<perlfunc/last>. | |
4633a7c4 | 1121 | |
2c7d6b9c RGS |
1122 | =item Can't linearize anonymous symbol table |
1123 | ||
1124 | (F) Perl tried to calculate the method resolution order (MRO) of a | |
1125 | package, but failed because the package stash has no name. | |
1126 | ||
b8170e59 JB |
1127 | =item Can't load '%s' for module %s |
1128 | ||
6903afa2 FC |
1129 | (F) The module you tried to load failed to load a dynamic extension. |
1130 | This may either mean that you upgraded your version of perl to one | |
1131 | that is incompatible with your old dynamic extensions (which is known | |
1132 | to happen between major versions of perl), or (more likely) that your | |
1133 | dynamic extension was built against an older version of the library | |
1134 | that is installed on your system. You may need to rebuild your old | |
1135 | dynamic extensions. | |
b8170e59 | 1136 | |
748a9306 LW |
1137 | =item Can't localize lexical variable %s |
1138 | ||
2ba9eb46 | 1139 | (F) You used local on a variable name that was previously declared as a |
b7e4ecc1 FC |
1140 | lexical variable using "my" or "state". This is not allowed. If you |
1141 | want to localize a package variable of the same name, qualify it with | |
1142 | the package name. | |
748a9306 | 1143 | |
6df41af2 | 1144 | =item Can't localize through a reference |
4727527e | 1145 | |
6df41af2 GS |
1146 | (F) You said something like C<local $$ref>, which Perl can't currently |
1147 | handle, because when it goes to restore the old value of whatever $ref | |
be771a83 | 1148 | pointed to after the scope of the local() is finished, it can't be sure |
64977eb6 | 1149 | that $ref will still be a reference. |
4727527e | 1150 | |
ea071790 | 1151 | =item Can't locate %s |
ec889f3a | 1152 | |
fa816bf3 FC |
1153 | (F) You said to C<do> (or C<require>, or C<use>) a file that couldn't be found. |
1154 | Perl looks for the file in all the locations mentioned in @INC, unless | |
1155 | the file name included the full path to the file. Perhaps you need | |
1156 | to set the PERL5LIB or PERL5OPT environment variable to say where the | |
1157 | extra library is, or maybe the script needs to add the library name | |
be771a83 GS |
1158 | to @INC. Or maybe you just misspelled the name of the file. See |
1159 | L<perlfunc/require> and L<lib>. | |
a0d0e21e | 1160 | |
6df41af2 GS |
1161 | =item Can't locate auto/%s.al in @INC |
1162 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1163 | (F) A function (or method) was called in a package which allows |
1164 | autoload, but there is no function to autoload. Most probable causes | |
1165 | are a misprint in a function/method name or a failure to C<AutoSplit> | |
1166 | the file, say, by doing C<make install>. | |
6df41af2 | 1167 | |
b8170e59 JB |
1168 | =item Can't locate loadable object for module %s in @INC |
1169 | ||
1170 | (F) The module you loaded is trying to load an external library, like | |
d70d8e57 | 1171 | for example, F<foo.so> or F<bar.dll>, but the L<DynaLoader> module was |
b8170e59 JB |
1172 | unable to locate this library. See L<DynaLoader>. |
1173 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
1174 | =item Can't locate object method "%s" via package "%s" |
1175 | ||
1176 | (F) You called a method correctly, and it correctly indicated a package | |
1177 | functioning as a class, but that package doesn't define that particular | |
2ba9eb46 | 1178 | method, nor does any of its base classes. See L<perlobj>. |
a0d0e21e | 1179 | |
8af56b9d FC |
1180 | =item Can't locate object method "%s" via package "%s" (perhaps you forgot |
1181 | to load "%s"?) | |
1182 | ||
1183 | (F) You called a method on a class that did not exist, and the method | |
1184 | could not be found in UNIVERSAL. This often means that a method | |
1185 | requires a package that has not been loaded. | |
1186 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
1187 | =item Can't locate package %s for @%s::ISA |
1188 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1189 | (W syntax) The @ISA array contained the name of another package that |
1190 | doesn't seem to exist. | |
a0d0e21e | 1191 | |
2f7da168 RK |
1192 | =item Can't locate PerlIO%s |
1193 | ||
1194 | (F) You tried to use in open() a PerlIO layer that does not exist, | |
1195 | e.g. open(FH, ">:nosuchlayer", "somefile"). | |
1196 | ||
f4ad53f4 | 1197 | =item Can't make list assignment to %ENV on this system |
3e3baf6d | 1198 | |
be771a83 GS |
1199 | (F) List assignment to %ENV is not supported on some systems, notably |
1200 | VMS. | |
3e3baf6d | 1201 | |
cd40cd58 NC |
1202 | =item Can't make loaded symbols global on this platform while loading %s |
1203 | ||
ff9c1ae8 | 1204 | (S) A module passed the flag 0x01 to DynaLoader::dl_load_file() to request |
cd40cd58 NC |
1205 | that symbols from the stated file are made available globally within the |
1206 | process, but that functionality is not available on this platform. Whilst | |
1207 | the module likely will still work, this may prevent the perl interpreter | |
1208 | from loading other XS-based extensions which need to link directly to | |
1209 | functions defined in the C or XS code in the stated file. | |
1210 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
1211 | =item Can't modify %s in %s |
1212 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1213 | (F) You aren't allowed to assign to the item indicated, or otherwise try |
1214 | to change it, such as with an auto-increment. | |
a0d0e21e | 1215 | |
0f948285 | 1216 | =item Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call of &%s |
6df41af2 | 1217 | |
8d9d0498 FC |
1218 | =item Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call of &%s in %s |
1219 | ||
6df41af2 | 1220 | (F) Subroutines meant to be used in lvalue context should be declared as |
2fe2bdfd | 1221 | such. See L<perlsub/"Lvalue subroutines">. |
6df41af2 | 1222 | |
cf6e1fa1 FC |
1223 | =item Can't modify reference to %s in %s assignment |
1224 | ||
1225 | (F) Only a limited number of constructs can be used as the argument to a | |
1226 | reference constructor on the left-hand side of an assignment, and what | |
1227 | you used was not one of them. See L<perlref/Assigning to References>. | |
1228 | ||
1229 | =item Can't modify reference to localized parenthesized array in list | |
1230 | assignment | |
1231 | ||
1232 | (F) Assigning to C<\local(@array)> or C<\(local @array)> is not supported, as | |
1233 | it is not clear exactly what it should do. If you meant to make @array | |
1234 | refer to some other array, use C<\@array = \@other_array>. If you want to | |
1235 | make the elements of @array aliases of the scalars referenced on the | |
1236 | right-hand side, use C<\(@array) = @scalar_refs>. | |
1237 | ||
1238 | =item Can't modify reference to parenthesized hash in list assignment | |
1239 | ||
1240 | (F) Assigning to C<\(%hash)> is not supported. If you meant to make %hash | |
1241 | refer to some other hash, use C<\%hash = \%other_hash>. If you want to | |
1242 | make the elements of %hash into aliases of the scalars referenced on the | |
1243 | right-hand side, use a hash slice: C<\@hash{@keys} = @those_scalar_refs>. | |
1244 | ||
5f05dabc | 1245 | =item Can't msgrcv to read-only var |
a0d0e21e | 1246 | |
5f05dabc | 1247 | (F) The target of a msgrcv must be modifiable to be used as a receive |
a0d0e21e LW |
1248 | buffer. |
1249 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
1250 | =item Can't "next" outside a loop block |
1251 | ||
1252 | (F) A "next" statement was executed to reiterate the current block, but | |
1253 | there isn't a current block. Note that an "if" or "else" block doesn't | |
be771a83 GS |
1254 | count as a "loopish" block, as doesn't a block given to sort(), map() or |
1255 | grep(). You can usually double the curlies to get the same effect | |
1256 | though, because the inner curlies will be considered a block that loops | |
1257 | once. See L<perlfunc/next>. | |
6df41af2 | 1258 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
1259 | =item Can't open %s: %s |
1260 | ||
c47ff5f1 | 1261 | (S inplace) The implicit opening of a file through use of the C<< <> >> |
08e9d68e | 1262 | filehandle, either implicitly under the C<-n> or C<-p> command-line |
46fa9b26 FC |
1263 | switches, or explicitly, failed for the indicated reason. Usually |
1264 | this is because you don't have read permission for a file which | |
1265 | you named on the command line. | |
1266 | ||
1267 | (F) You tried to call perl with the B<-e> switch, but F</dev/null> (or | |
1268 | your operating system's equivalent) could not be opened. | |
a0d0e21e | 1269 | |
9a869a14 RGS |
1270 | =item Can't open a reference |
1271 | ||
1272 | (W io) You tried to open a scalar reference for reading or writing, | |
2fe2bdfd | 1273 | using the 3-arg open() syntax: |
9a869a14 RGS |
1274 | |
1275 | open FH, '>', $ref; | |
1276 | ||
1277 | but your version of perl is compiled without perlio, and this form of | |
1278 | open is not supported. | |
1279 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
1280 | =item Can't open bidirectional pipe |
1281 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1282 | (W pipe) You tried to say C<open(CMD, "|cmd|")>, which is not supported. |
1283 | You can try any of several modules in the Perl library to do this, such | |
1284 | as IPC::Open2. Alternately, direct the pipe's output to a file using | |
1285 | ">", and then read it in under a different file handle. | |
a0d0e21e | 1286 | |
748a9306 LW |
1287 | =item Can't open error file %s as stderr |
1288 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1289 | (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl does its own command line |
1290 | redirection, and couldn't open the file specified after '2>' or '2>>' on | |
1291 | the command line for writing. | |
748a9306 LW |
1292 | |
1293 | =item Can't open input file %s as stdin | |
1294 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1295 | (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl does its own command line |
1296 | redirection, and couldn't open the file specified after '<' on the | |
1297 | command line for reading. | |
748a9306 LW |
1298 | |
1299 | =item Can't open output file %s as stdout | |
1300 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1301 | (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl does its own command line |
1302 | redirection, and couldn't open the file specified after '>' or '>>' on | |
1303 | the command line for writing. | |
748a9306 LW |
1304 | |
1305 | =item Can't open output pipe (name: %s) | |
1306 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1307 | (P) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl does its own command line |
1308 | redirection, and couldn't open the pipe into which to send data destined | |
1309 | for stdout. | |
748a9306 | 1310 | |
3b1cf97d | 1311 | =item Can't open perl script "%s": %s |
a0d0e21e LW |
1312 | |
1313 | (F) The script you specified can't be opened for the indicated reason. | |
1314 | ||
fa3aa65a JC |
1315 | If you're debugging a script that uses #!, and normally relies on the |
1316 | shell's $PATH search, the -S option causes perl to do that search, so | |
1317 | you don't have to type the path or C<`which $scriptname`>. | |
1318 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
1319 | =item Can't read CRTL environ |
1320 | ||
1321 | (S) A warning peculiar to VMS. Perl tried to read an element of %ENV | |
1322 | from the CRTL's internal environment array and discovered the array was | |
1323 | missing. You need to figure out where your CRTL misplaced its environ | |
be771a83 GS |
1324 | or define F<PERL_ENV_TABLES> (see L<perlvms>) so that environ is not |
1325 | searched. | |
6df41af2 | 1326 | |
f3106bc8 LM |
1327 | =item Can't redeclare "%s" in "%s" |
1328 | ||
1329 | (F) A "my", "our" or "state" declaration was found within another declaration, | |
1330 | such as C<my ($x, my($y), $z)> or C<our (my $x)>. | |
1331 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
1332 | =item Can't "redo" outside a loop block |
1333 | ||
1334 | (F) A "redo" statement was executed to restart the current block, but | |
1335 | there isn't a current block. Note that an "if" or "else" block doesn't | |
1336 | count as a "loopish" block, as doesn't a block given to sort(), map() | |
1337 | or grep(). You can usually double the curlies to get the same effect | |
1338 | though, because the inner curlies will be considered a block that | |
1339 | loops once. See L<perlfunc/redo>. | |
1340 | ||
64977eb6 | 1341 | =item Can't remove %s: %s, skipping file |
10f9c03d | 1342 | |
be771a83 GS |
1343 | (S inplace) You requested an inplace edit without creating a backup |
1344 | file. Perl was unable to remove the original file to replace it with | |
1345 | the modified file. The file was left unmodified. | |
10f9c03d | 1346 | |
e0d4aead TC |
1347 | =item Can't rename in-place work file '%s' to '%s': %s |
1348 | ||
1349 | (F) When closed implicitly, the temporary file for in-place editing | |
1350 | couldn't be renamed to the original filename. | |
1351 | ||
ecc6274e FC |
1352 | =item Can't rename %s to %s: %s, skipping file |
1353 | ||
1354 | (F) The rename done by the B<-i> switch failed for some reason, | |
1355 | probably because you don't have write permission to the directory. | |
1356 | ||
748a9306 LW |
1357 | =item Can't reopen input pipe (name: %s) in binary mode |
1358 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1359 | (P) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl thought stdin was a pipe, and tried |
1360 | to reopen it to accept binary data. Alas, it failed. | |
748a9306 | 1361 | |
9415f659 KW |
1362 | =item Can't represent character for Ox%X on this platform |
1363 | ||
1364 | (F) There is a hard limit to how big a character code point can be due | |
1365 | to the fundamental properties of UTF-8, especially on EBCDIC | |
1366 | platforms. The given code point exceeds that. The only work-around is | |
1367 | to not use such a large code point. | |
1368 | ||
4f12ec0e FC |
1369 | =item Can't reset %ENV on this system |
1370 | ||
1371 | (F) You called C<reset('E')> or similar, which tried to reset | |
1372 | all variables in the current package beginning with "E". In | |
1373 | the main package, that includes %ENV. Resetting %ENV is not | |
1374 | supported on some systems, notably VMS. | |
1375 | ||
fe13d51d | 1376 | =item Can't resolve method "%s" overloading "%s" in package "%s" |
6df41af2 | 1377 | |
1fa582fa FC |
1378 | (F)(P) Error resolving overloading specified by a method name (as |
1379 | opposed to a subroutine reference): no such method callable via the | |
1380 | package. If the method name is C<???>, this is an internal error. | |
6df41af2 | 1381 | |
cd06dffe GS |
1382 | =item Can't return %s from lvalue subroutine |
1383 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1384 | (F) Perl detected an attempt to return illegal lvalues (such as |
1385 | temporary or readonly values) from a subroutine used as an lvalue. This | |
1386 | is not allowed. | |
cd06dffe | 1387 | |
96ebfdd7 RK |
1388 | =item Can't return outside a subroutine |
1389 | ||
1390 | (F) The return statement was executed in mainline code, that is, where | |
1391 | there was no subroutine call to return out of. See L<perlsub>. | |
1392 | ||
78f9721b SM |
1393 | =item Can't return %s to lvalue scalar context |
1394 | ||
6903afa2 FC |
1395 | (F) You tried to return a complete array or hash from an lvalue |
1396 | subroutine, but you called the subroutine in a way that made Perl | |
1397 | think you meant to return only one value. You probably meant to | |
1398 | write parentheses around the call to the subroutine, which tell | |
1399 | Perl that the call should be in list context. | |
78f9721b | 1400 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
1401 | =item Can't take log of %g |
1402 | ||
fb73857a | 1403 | (F) For ordinary real numbers, you can't take the logarithm of a |
6903afa2 | 1404 | negative number or zero. There's a Math::Complex package that comes |
be771a83 GS |
1405 | standard with Perl, though, if you really want to do that for the |
1406 | negative numbers. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
1407 | |
1408 | =item Can't take sqrt of %g | |
1409 | ||
1410 | (F) For ordinary real numbers, you can't take the square root of a | |
fb73857a | 1411 | negative number. There's a Math::Complex package that comes standard |
1412 | with Perl, though, if you really want to do that. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
1413 | |
1414 | =item Can't undef active subroutine | |
1415 | ||
1416 | (F) You can't undefine a routine that's currently running. You can, | |
1417 | however, redefine it while it's running, and you can even undef the | |
1418 | redefined subroutine while the old routine is running. Go figure. | |
1419 | ||
ecc6274e FC |
1420 | =item Can't unweaken a nonreference |
1421 | ||
1422 | (F) You attempted to unweaken something that was not a reference. Only | |
1423 | references can be unweakened. | |
1424 | ||
c81225bc | 1425 | =item Can't upgrade %s (%d) to %d |
a0d0e21e | 1426 | |
be771a83 GS |
1427 | (P) The internal sv_upgrade routine adds "members" to an SV, making it |
1428 | into a more specialized kind of SV. The top several SV types are so | |
1429 | specialized, however, that they cannot be interconverted. This message | |
1430 | indicates that such a conversion was attempted. | |
a0d0e21e | 1431 | |
6651ba0b FC |
1432 | =item Can't use '%c' after -mname |
1433 | ||
1434 | (F) You tried to call perl with the B<-m> switch, but you put something | |
1435 | other than "=" after the module name. | |
1436 | ||
1f1ec7b5 KW |
1437 | =item Can't use a hash as a reference |
1438 | ||
1439 | (F) You tried to use a hash as a reference, as in | |
66a1f5ec FC |
1440 | C<< %foo->{"bar"} >> or C<< %$ref->{"hello"} >>. Versions of perl |
1441 | <= 5.22.0 used to allow this syntax, but shouldn't | |
1442 | have. This was deprecated in perl 5.6.1. | |
1f1ec7b5 KW |
1443 | |
1444 | =item Can't use an array as a reference | |
1445 | ||
1446 | (F) You tried to use an array as a reference, as in | |
66a1f5ec FC |
1447 | C<< @foo->[23] >> or C<< @$ref->[99] >>. Versions of perl <= 5.22.0 |
1448 | used to allow this syntax, but shouldn't have. This | |
1449 | was deprecated in perl 5.6.1. | |
1f1ec7b5 | 1450 | |
1db89ea5 BS |
1451 | =item Can't use anonymous symbol table for method lookup |
1452 | ||
e27ad1f2 | 1453 | (F) The internal routine that does method lookup was handed a symbol |
1db89ea5 BS |
1454 | table that doesn't have a name. Symbol tables can become anonymous |
1455 | for example by undefining stashes: C<undef %Some::Package::>. | |
1456 | ||
96ebfdd7 RK |
1457 | =item Can't use an undefined value as %s reference |
1458 | ||
1459 | (F) A value used as either a hard reference or a symbolic reference must | |
1460 | be a defined value. This helps to delurk some insidious errors. | |
1461 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
1462 | =item Can't use bareword ("%s") as %s ref while "strict refs" in use |
1463 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1464 | (F) Only hard references are allowed by "strict refs". Symbolic |
1465 | references are disallowed. See L<perlref>. | |
6df41af2 | 1466 | |
90b75b61 | 1467 | =item Can't use %! because Errno.pm is not available |
1d2dff63 | 1468 | |
20561843 | 1469 | (F) The first time the C<%!> hash is used, perl automatically loads the |
6903afa2 | 1470 | Errno.pm module. The Errno module is expected to tie the %! hash to |
1d2dff63 GS |
1471 | provide symbolic names for C<$!> errno values. |
1472 | ||
1109a392 MHM |
1473 | =item Can't use both '<' and '>' after type '%c' in %s |
1474 | ||
1475 | (F) A type cannot be forced to have both big-endian and little-endian | |
1476 | byte-order at the same time, so this combination of modifiers is not | |
1477 | allowed. See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
1478 | ||
e35475de KW |
1479 | =item Can't use 'defined(@array)' (Maybe you should just omit the defined()?) |
1480 | ||
1481 | (F) defined() is not useful on arrays because it | |
1482 | checks for an undefined I<scalar> value. If you want to see if the | |
1483 | array is empty, just use C<if (@array) { # not empty }> for example. | |
1484 | ||
1485 | =item Can't use 'defined(%hash)' (Maybe you should just omit the defined()?) | |
1486 | ||
1487 | (F) C<defined()> is not usually right on hashes. | |
1488 | ||
1489 | Although C<defined %hash> is false on a plain not-yet-used hash, it | |
1490 | becomes true in several non-obvious circumstances, including iterators, | |
1491 | weak references, stash names, even remaining true after C<undef %hash>. | |
1492 | These things make C<defined %hash> fairly useless in practice, so it now | |
1493 | generates a fatal error. | |
1494 | ||
1495 | If a check for non-empty is what you wanted then just put it in boolean | |
1496 | context (see L<perldata/Scalar values>): | |
1497 | ||
1498 | if (%hash) { | |
1499 | # not empty | |
1500 | } | |
1501 | ||
1502 | If you had C<defined %Foo::Bar::QUUX> to check whether such a package | |
1503 | variable exists then that's never really been reliable, and isn't | |
1504 | a good way to enquire about the features of a package, or whether | |
1505 | it's loaded, etc. | |
1506 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
1507 | =item Can't use %s for loop variable |
1508 | ||
c1f06047 | 1509 | (P) The parser got confused when trying to parse a C<foreach> loop. |
6df41af2 | 1510 | |
f27832e7 | 1511 | =item Can't use global %s in %s |
6df41af2 | 1512 | |
be771a83 GS |
1513 | (F) You tried to declare a magical variable as a lexical variable. This |
1514 | is not allowed, because the magic can be tied to only one location | |
1515 | (namely the global variable) and it would be incredibly confusing to | |
1516 | have variables in your program that looked like magical variables but | |
6df41af2 GS |
1517 | weren't. |
1518 | ||
6d3b25aa RGS |
1519 | =item Can't use '%c' in a group with different byte-order in %s |
1520 | ||
1521 | (F) You attempted to force a different byte-order on a type | |
1522 | that is already inside a group with a byte-order modifier. | |
1523 | For example you cannot force little-endianness on a type that | |
1524 | is inside a big-endian group. | |
1525 | ||
c07a80fd | 1526 | =item Can't use "my %s" in sort comparison |
1527 | ||
1528 | (F) The global variables $a and $b are reserved for sort comparisons. | |
c47ff5f1 | 1529 | You mentioned $a or $b in the same line as the <=> or cmp operator, |
c07a80fd | 1530 | and the variable had earlier been declared as a lexical variable. |
1531 | Either qualify the sort variable with the package name, or rename the | |
1532 | lexical variable. | |
1533 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
1534 | =item Can't use %s ref as %s ref |
1535 | ||
1536 | (F) You've mixed up your reference types. You have to dereference a | |
1537 | reference of the type needed. You can use the ref() function to | |
1538 | test the type of the reference, if need be. | |
1539 | ||
748a9306 | 1540 | =item Can't use string ("%s") as %s ref while "strict refs" in use |
a0d0e21e | 1541 | |
5e634d20 FC |
1542 | =item Can't use string ("%s"...) as %s ref while "strict refs" in use |
1543 | ||
b41bf23f FC |
1544 | (F) You've told Perl to dereference a string, something which |
1545 | C<use strict> blocks to prevent it happening accidentally. See | |
1546 | L<perlref/"Symbolic references">. This can be triggered by an C<@> or C<$> | |
1547 | in a double-quoted string immediately before interpolating a variable, | |
1548 | for example in C<"user @$twitter_id">, which says to treat the contents | |
1549 | of C<$twitter_id> as an array reference; use a C<\> to have a literal C<@> | |
1550 | symbol followed by the contents of C<$twitter_id>: C<"user \@$twitter_id">. | |
a0d0e21e | 1551 | |
748a9306 LW |
1552 | =item Can't use subscript on %s |
1553 | ||
1554 | (F) The compiler tried to interpret a bracketed expression as a | |
1555 | subscript. But to the left of the brackets was an expression that | |
209e7cf1 | 1556 | didn't look like a hash or array reference, or anything else subscriptable. |
748a9306 | 1557 | |
6df41af2 GS |
1558 | =item Can't use \%c to mean $%c in expression |
1559 | ||
75b44862 GS |
1560 | (W syntax) In an ordinary expression, backslash is a unary operator that |
1561 | creates a reference to its argument. The use of backslash to indicate a | |
1562 | backreference to a matched substring is valid only as part of a regular | |
be771a83 GS |
1563 | expression pattern. Trying to do this in ordinary Perl code produces a |
1564 | value that prints out looking like SCALAR(0xdecaf). Use the $1 form | |
1565 | instead. | |
6df41af2 | 1566 | |
810b8aa5 GS |
1567 | =item Can't weaken a nonreference |
1568 | ||
1569 | (F) You attempted to weaken something that was not a reference. Only | |
1570 | references can be weakened. | |
1571 | ||
7896dde7 Z |
1572 | =item Can't "when" outside a topicalizer |
1573 | ||
1574 | (F) You have used a when() block that is neither inside a C<foreach> | |
1575 | loop nor a C<given> block. (Note that this error is issued on exit | |
1576 | from the C<when> block, so you won't get the error if the match fails, | |
1577 | or if you use an explicit C<continue>.) | |
1578 | ||
5f05dabc | 1579 | =item Can't x= to read-only value |
a0d0e21e | 1580 | |
be771a83 GS |
1581 | (F) You tried to repeat a constant value (often the undefined value) |
1582 | with an assignment operator, which implies modifying the value itself. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
1583 | Perhaps you need to copy the value to a temporary, and repeat that. |
1584 | ||
a04e6aad | 1585 | =item Character following "\c" must be printable ASCII |
f9d13529 | 1586 | |
7357bd17 | 1587 | (F) In C<\cI<X>>, I<X> must be a printable (non-control) ASCII character. |
17a3df4c | 1588 | |
727b6379 | 1589 | Note that ASCII characters that don't map to control characters are |
7357bd17 | 1590 | discouraged, and will generate the warning (when enabled) |
d4360efa | 1591 | L</""\c%c" is more clearly written simply as "%s"">. |
f9d13529 | 1592 | |
163a633c KW |
1593 | =item Character following \%c must be '{' or a single-character Unicode property name in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
1594 | ||
1595 | (F) (In the above the C<%c> is replaced by either C<p> or C<P>.) You | |
1596 | specified something that isn't a legal Unicode property name. Most | |
1597 | Unicode properties are specified by C<\p{...}>. But if the name is a | |
1598 | single character one, the braces may be omitted. | |
1599 | ||
f337b084 | 1600 | =item Character in 'C' format wrapped in pack |
ac7cd81a SC |
1601 | |
1602 | (W pack) You said | |
1603 | ||
1604 | pack("C", $x) | |
1605 | ||
1606 | where $x is either less than 0 or more than 255; the C<"C"> format is | |
1607 | only for encoding native operating system characters (ASCII, EBCDIC, | |
1608 | and so on) and not for Unicode characters, so Perl behaved as if you meant | |
1609 | ||
1610 | pack("C", $x & 255) | |
1611 | ||
1612 | If you actually want to pack Unicode codepoints, use the C<"U"> format | |
1613 | instead. | |
1614 | ||
f337b084 | 1615 | =item Character in 'c' format wrapped in pack |
ac7cd81a SC |
1616 | |
1617 | (W pack) You said | |
1618 | ||
1619 | pack("c", $x) | |
1620 | ||
1621 | where $x is either less than -128 or more than 127; the C<"c"> format | |
1622 | is only for encoding native operating system characters (ASCII, EBCDIC, | |
1623 | and so on) and not for Unicode characters, so Perl behaved as if you meant | |
1624 | ||
1625 | pack("c", $x & 255); | |
1626 | ||
1627 | If you actually want to pack Unicode codepoints, use the C<"U"> format | |
1628 | instead. | |
1629 | ||
f337b084 TH |
1630 | =item Character in '%c' format wrapped in unpack |
1631 | ||
1632 | (W unpack) You tried something like | |
1633 | ||
1634 | unpack("H", "\x{2a1}") | |
1635 | ||
1a147d38 | 1636 | where the format expects to process a byte (a character with a value |
6903afa2 FC |
1637 | below 256), but a higher value was provided instead. Perl uses the |
1638 | value modulus 256 instead, as if you had provided: | |
f337b084 TH |
1639 | |
1640 | unpack("H", "\x{a1}") | |
1641 | ||
5a25739d FC |
1642 | =item Character in 'W' format wrapped in pack |
1643 | ||
1644 | (W pack) You said | |
1645 | ||
1646 | pack("U0W", $x) | |
1647 | ||
1648 | where $x is either less than 0 or more than 255. However, C<U0>-mode | |
1649 | expects all values to fall in the interval [0, 255], so Perl behaved | |
1650 | as if you meant: | |
1651 | ||
1652 | pack("U0W", $x & 255) | |
1653 | ||
f337b084 TH |
1654 | =item Character(s) in '%c' format wrapped in pack |
1655 | ||
1656 | (W pack) You tried something like | |
1657 | ||
1658 | pack("u", "\x{1f3}b") | |
1659 | ||
1a147d38 | 1660 | where the format expects to process a sequence of bytes (character with a |
6903afa2 | 1661 | value below 256), but some of the characters had a higher value. Perl |
f337b084 TH |
1662 | uses the character values modulus 256 instead, as if you had provided: |
1663 | ||
1664 | pack("u", "\x{f3}b") | |
1665 | ||
1666 | =item Character(s) in '%c' format wrapped in unpack | |
1667 | ||
1668 | (W unpack) You tried something like | |
1669 | ||
1670 | unpack("s", "\x{1f3}b") | |
1671 | ||
1a147d38 | 1672 | where the format expects to process a sequence of bytes (character with a |
6903afa2 | 1673 | value below 256), but some of the characters had a higher value. Perl |
f337b084 TH |
1674 | uses the character values modulus 256 instead, as if you had provided: |
1675 | ||
1676 | unpack("s", "\x{f3}b") | |
1677 | ||
8d9d0498 FC |
1678 | =item charnames alias definitions may not contain a sequence of multiple |
1679 | spaces; marked by S<<-- HERE> in %s | |
f51551f7 FC |
1680 | |
1681 | (F) You defined a character name which had multiple space characters | |
1682 | in a row. Change them to single spaces. Usually these names are | |
1683 | defined in the C<:alias> import argument to C<use charnames>, but they | |
1684 | could be defined by a translator installed into C<$^H{charnames}>. See | |
1685 | L<charnames/CUSTOM ALIASES>. | |
1686 | ||
60121127 TC |
1687 | =item chdir() on unopened filehandle %s |
1688 | ||
1689 | (W unopened) You tried chdir() on a filehandle that was never opened. | |
1690 | ||
d4360efa | 1691 | =item "\c%c" is more clearly written simply as "%s" |
f866a7cd | 1692 | |
d4360efa S |
1693 | (W syntax) The C<\cI<X>> construct is intended to be a way to specify |
1694 | non-printable characters. You used it for a printable one, which | |
1695 | is better written as simply itself, perhaps preceded by a backslash | |
1696 | for non-word characters. Doing it the way you did is not portable | |
1697 | between ASCII and EBCDIC platforms. | |
f866a7cd | 1698 | |
6651ba0b FC |
1699 | =item Cloning substitution context is unimplemented |
1700 | ||
1701 | (F) Creating a new thread inside the C<s///> operator is not supported. | |
1702 | ||
abc7ecad SP |
1703 | =item closedir() attempted on invalid dirhandle %s |
1704 | ||
1705 | (W io) The dirhandle you tried to close is either closed or not really | |
1706 | a dirhandle. Check your control flow. | |
1707 | ||
5a25739d FC |
1708 | =item close() on unopened filehandle %s |
1709 | ||
1710 | (W unopened) You tried to close a filehandle that was never opened. | |
1711 | ||
541ed3a9 FC |
1712 | =item Closure prototype called |
1713 | ||
1714 | (F) If a closure has attributes, the subroutine passed to an attribute | |
1715 | handler is the prototype that is cloned when a new closure is created. | |
1716 | This subroutine cannot be called. | |
1717 | ||
74d1b2e4 FC |
1718 | =item \C no longer supported in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
1719 | ||
1720 | (F) The \C character class used to allow a match of single byte | |
1721 | within a multi-byte utf-8 character, but was removed in v5.24 as | |
1722 | it broke encapsulation and its implementation was extremely buggy. | |
1723 | If you really need to process the individual bytes, you probably | |
1724 | want to convert your string to one where each underlying byte is | |
1725 | stored as a character, with utf8::encode(). | |
1726 | ||
49704364 WL |
1727 | =item Code missing after '/' |
1728 | ||
6903afa2 FC |
1729 | (F) You had a (sub-)template that ends with a '/'. There must be |
1730 | another template code following the slash. See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
49704364 | 1731 | |
c0236afe KW |
1732 | =item Code point 0x%X is not Unicode, and not portable |
1733 | ||
dc4a6683 | 1734 | (S non_unicode portable) You had a code point that has never been in any |
c0236afe | 1735 | standard, so it is likely that languages other than Perl will NOT |
dc4a6683 KW |
1736 | understand it. This code point also will not fit in a 32-bit word on |
1737 | ASCII platforms and therefore is non-portable between systems. | |
1738 | ||
1739 | At one time, it was legal in some standards to have code points up to | |
1740 | 0x7FFF_FFFF, but not higher, and this code point is higher. | |
c0236afe KW |
1741 | |
1742 | Acceptance of these code points is a Perl extension, and you should | |
1743 | expect that nothing other than Perl can handle them; Perl itself on | |
1744 | EBCDIC platforms before v5.24 does not handle them. | |
1745 | ||
c0236afe KW |
1746 | Perl also makes no guarantees that the representation of these code |
1747 | points won't change at some point in the future, say when machines | |
1748 | become available that have larger than a 64-bit word. At that time, | |
aaa9d2b4 KW |
1749 | files containing any of these, written by an older Perl might require |
1750 | conversion before being readable by a newer Perl. | |
c0236afe | 1751 | |
5a25739d FC |
1752 | =item Code point 0x%X is not Unicode, may not be portable |
1753 | ||
2d88a86a | 1754 | (S non_unicode) You had a code point above the Unicode maximum |
1b64326b FC |
1755 | of U+10FFFF. |
1756 | ||
c0236afe KW |
1757 | Perl allows strings to contain a superset of Unicode code points, but |
1758 | these may not be accepted by other languages/systems. Further, even if | |
1759 | these languages/systems accept these large code points, they may have | |
1760 | chosen a different representation for them than the UTF-8-like one that | |
1761 | Perl has, which would mean files are not exchangeable between them and | |
1762 | Perl. | |
1763 | ||
1764 | On EBCDIC platforms, code points above 0x3FFF_FFFF have a different | |
1765 | representation in Perl v5.24 than before, so any file containing these | |
1766 | that was written before that version will require conversion before | |
1767 | being readable by a later Perl. | |
0876b9a0 | 1768 | |
6df41af2 GS |
1769 | =item %s: Command not found |
1770 | ||
a892b81a | 1771 | (A) You've accidentally run your script through B<csh> or another shell |
66a1f5ec FC |
1772 | instead of Perl. Check the #! line, or manually feed your script into |
1773 | Perl yourself. The #! line at the top of your file could look like | |
8f721816 | 1774 | |
3bcfc7b3 LM |
1775 | #!/usr/bin/perl |
1776 | ||
1777 | =item %s: command not found | |
1778 | ||
1779 | (A) You've accidentally run your script through B<bash> or another shell | |
1780 | instead of Perl. Check the #! line, or manually feed your script into | |
1781 | Perl yourself. The #! line at the top of your file could look like | |
1782 | ||
1783 | #!/usr/bin/perl | |
1784 | ||
1785 | =item %s: command not found: %s | |
1786 | ||
1787 | (A) You've accidentally run your script through B<zsh> or another shell | |
1788 | instead of Perl. Check the #! line, or manually feed your script into | |
1789 | Perl yourself. The #! line at the top of your file could look like | |
1790 | ||
1791 | #!/usr/bin/perl | |
6df41af2 | 1792 | |
7a2e2cd6 | 1793 | =item Compilation failed in require |
1794 | ||
1795 | (F) Perl could not compile a file specified in a C<require> statement. | |
be771a83 GS |
1796 | Perl uses this generic message when none of the errors that it |
1797 | encountered were severe enough to halt compilation immediately. | |
7a2e2cd6 | 1798 | |
c3464db5 DD |
1799 | =item Complex regular subexpression recursion limit (%d) exceeded |
1800 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1801 | (W regexp) The regular expression engine uses recursion in complex |
1802 | situations where back-tracking is required. Recursion depth is limited | |
1803 | to 32766, or perhaps less in architectures where the stack cannot grow | |
1804 | arbitrarily. ("Simple" and "medium" situations are handled without | |
1805 | recursion and are not subject to a limit.) Try shortening the string | |
1806 | under examination; looping in Perl code (e.g. with C<while>) rather than | |
1807 | in the regular expression engine; or rewriting the regular expression so | |
c2e66d9e | 1808 | that it is simpler or backtracks less. (See L<perlfaq2> for information |
be771a83 | 1809 | on I<Mastering Regular Expressions>.) |
c3464db5 | 1810 | |
69282e91 | 1811 | =item connect() on closed socket %s |
a0d0e21e | 1812 | |
be771a83 GS |
1813 | (W closed) You tried to do a connect on a closed socket. Did you forget |
1814 | to check the return value of your socket() call? See | |
1815 | L<perlfunc/connect>. | |
a0d0e21e | 1816 | |
e21e7c6a FC |
1817 | =item Constant(%s): Call to &{$^H{%s}} did not return a defined value |
1818 | ||
1819 | (F) The subroutine registered to handle constant overloading | |
1820 | (see L<overload>) or a custom charnames handler (see | |
1821 | L<charnames/CUSTOM TRANSLATORS>) returned an undefined value. | |
1822 | ||
1823 | =item Constant(%s): $^H{%s} is not defined | |
1824 | ||
1825 | (F) The parser found inconsistencies while attempting to define an | |
1826 | overloaded constant. Perhaps you forgot to load the corresponding | |
f738a371 | 1827 | L<overload> pragma? |
e21e7c6a | 1828 | |
779c5bc9 GS |
1829 | =item Constant is not %s reference |
1830 | ||
1831 | (F) A constant value (perhaps declared using the C<use constant> pragma) | |
be771a83 | 1832 | is being dereferenced, but it amounts to the wrong type of reference. |
6903afa2 | 1833 | The message indicates the type of reference that was expected. This |
be771a83 | 1834 | usually indicates a syntax error in dereferencing the constant value. |
779c5bc9 GS |
1835 | See L<perlsub/"Constant Functions"> and L<constant>. |
1836 | ||
30fc7a28 | 1837 | =item Constants from lexical variables potentially modified elsewhere are no longer permitted |
0ac016fc | 1838 | |
30fc7a28 | 1839 | (F) You wrote something like |
0ac016fc FC |
1840 | |
1841 | my $var; | |
1842 | $sub = sub () { $var }; | |
1843 | ||
1844 | but $var is referenced elsewhere and could be modified after the C<sub> | |
1845 | expression is evaluated. Either it is explicitly modified elsewhere | |
1846 | (C<$var = 3>) or it is passed to a subroutine or to an operator like | |
1847 | C<printf> or C<map>, which may or may not modify the variable. | |
1848 | ||
1849 | Traditionally, Perl has captured the value of the variable at that | |
1850 | point and turned the subroutine into a constant eligible for inlining. | |
1851 | In those cases where the variable can be modified elsewhere, this | |
1852 | breaks the behavior of closures, in which the subroutine captures | |
1853 | the variable itself, rather than its value, so future changes to the | |
1854 | variable are reflected in the subroutine's return value. | |
1855 | ||
30fc7a28 | 1856 | This usage was deprecated, and as of Perl 5.32 is no longer allowed, |
9840d1d6 | 1857 | making it possible to change the behavior in the future. |
0ac016fc FC |
1858 | |
1859 | If you intended for the subroutine to be eligible for inlining, then | |
1860 | make sure the variable is not referenced elsewhere, possibly by | |
1861 | copying it: | |
1862 | ||
1863 | my $var2 = $var; | |
1864 | $sub = sub () { $var2 }; | |
1865 | ||
1866 | If you do want this subroutine to be a closure that reflects future | |
1867 | changes to the variable that it closes over, add an explicit C<return>: | |
1868 | ||
1869 | my $var; | |
1870 | $sub = sub () { return $var }; | |
1871 | ||
4cee8e80 CS |
1872 | =item Constant subroutine %s redefined |
1873 | ||
aeb94125 FC |
1874 | (W redefine)(S) You redefined a subroutine which had previously |
1875 | been eligible for inlining. See L<perlsub/"Constant Functions"> | |
1876 | for commentary and workarounds. | |
4cee8e80 | 1877 | |
9607fc9c | 1878 | =item Constant subroutine %s undefined |
1879 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1880 | (W misc) You undefined a subroutine which had previously been eligible |
1881 | for inlining. See L<perlsub/"Constant Functions"> for commentary and | |
1882 | workarounds. | |
9607fc9c | 1883 | |
5a25739d FC |
1884 | =item Constant(%s) unknown |
1885 | ||
1886 | (F) The parser found inconsistencies either while attempting | |
1887 | to define an overloaded constant, or when trying to find the | |
1888 | character name specified in the C<\N{...}> escape. Perhaps you | |
3ee1a09c | 1889 | forgot to load the corresponding L<overload> pragma? |
5a25739d | 1890 | |
4a873d7a FC |
1891 | =item :const is experimental |
1892 | ||
1893 | (S experimental::const_attr) The "const" attribute is experimental. | |
1894 | If you want to use the feature, disable the warning with C<no warnings | |
1895 | 'experimental::const_attr'>, but know that in doing so you are taking | |
1896 | the risk that your code may break in a future Perl version. | |
1897 | ||
b77472f9 FC |
1898 | =item :const is not permitted on named subroutines |
1899 | ||
1900 | (F) The "const" attribute causes an anonymous subroutine to be run and | |
465068b9 | 1901 | its value captured at the time that it is cloned. Named subroutines are |
b77472f9 FC |
1902 | not cloned like this, so the attribute does not make sense on them. |
1903 | ||
e7ea3e70 IZ |
1904 | =item Copy method did not return a reference |
1905 | ||
6903afa2 | 1906 | (F) The method which overloads "=" is buggy. See |
13a2d996 | 1907 | L<overload/Copy Constructor>. |
e7ea3e70 | 1908 | |
4aaa4757 FC |
1909 | =item &CORE::%s cannot be called directly |
1910 | ||
1911 | (F) You tried to call a subroutine in the C<CORE::> namespace | |
8d605c0d | 1912 | with C<&foo> syntax or through a reference. Some subroutines |
4aaa4757 FC |
1913 | in this package cannot yet be called that way, but must be |
1914 | called as barewords. Something like this will work: | |
1915 | ||
1916 | BEGIN { *shove = \&CORE::push; } | |
1917 | shove @array, 1,2,3; # pushes on to @array | |
1918 | ||
6798c92b GS |
1919 | =item CORE::%s is not a keyword |
1920 | ||
1921 | (F) The CORE:: namespace is reserved for Perl keywords. | |
1922 | ||
675fa9ff FC |
1923 | =item Corrupted regexp opcode %d > %d |
1924 | ||
1925 | (P) This is either an error in Perl, or, if you're using | |
1926 | one, your L<custom regular expression engine|perlreapi>. If not the | |
8166b4e0 | 1927 | latter, report the problem to L<https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues>. |
675fa9ff | 1928 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
1929 | =item corrupted regexp pointers |
1930 | ||
1931 | (P) The regular expression engine got confused by what the regular | |
1932 | expression compiler gave it. | |
1933 | ||
1934 | =item corrupted regexp program | |
1935 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1936 | (P) The regular expression engine got passed a regexp program without a |
1937 | valid magic number. | |
a0d0e21e | 1938 | |
de42a5a9 | 1939 | =item Corrupt malloc ptr 0x%x at 0x%x |
6df41af2 GS |
1940 | |
1941 | (P) The malloc package that comes with Perl had an internal failure. | |
1942 | ||
49704364 WL |
1943 | =item Count after length/code in unpack |
1944 | ||
1945 | (F) You had an unpack template indicating a counted-length string, but | |
1946 | you have also specified an explicit size for the string. See | |
1947 | L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
1948 | ||
3f645a4e FC |
1949 | =item Declaring references is experimental |
1950 | ||
1951 | (S experimental::declared_refs) This warning is emitted if you use | |
1952 | a reference constructor on the right-hand side of C<my>, C<state>, C<our>, or | |
1953 | C<local>. Simply suppress the warning if you want to use the feature, but | |
1954 | know that in doing so you are taking the risk of using an experimental | |
1955 | feature which may change or be removed in a future Perl version: | |
1956 | ||
1957 | no warnings "experimental::declared_refs"; | |
1958 | use feature "declared_refs"; | |
1959 | $fooref = my \$foo; | |
1960 | ||
f2cccb4c KW |
1961 | =for comment |
1962 | The following are used in lib/diagnostics.t for testing two =items that | |
1963 | share the same description. Changes here need to be propagated to there | |
1964 | ||
6651ba0b FC |
1965 | =item Deep recursion on anonymous subroutine |
1966 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
1967 | =item Deep recursion on subroutine "%s" |
1968 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1969 | (W recursion) This subroutine has called itself (directly or indirectly) |
1970 | 100 times more than it has returned. This probably indicates an | |
1971 | infinite recursion, unless you're writing strange benchmark programs, in | |
1972 | which case it indicates something else. | |
a0d0e21e | 1973 | |
aad1d01f NC |
1974 | This threshold can be changed from 100, by recompiling the F<perl> binary, |
1975 | setting the C pre-processor macro C<PERL_SUB_DEPTH_WARN> to the desired value. | |
1976 | ||
e0e4a6e3 FC |
1977 | =item (?(DEFINE)....) does not allow branches in regex; marked by |
1978 | S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ | |
bcb95744 | 1979 | |
6903afa2 | 1980 | (F) You used something like C<(?(DEFINE)...|..)> which is illegal. The |
bcb95744 FC |
1981 | most likely cause of this error is that you left out a parenthesis inside |
1982 | of the C<....> part. | |
1983 | ||
6e8a73f2 | 1984 | The S<<-- HERE> shows whereabouts in the regular expression the problem was |
bcb95744 FC |
1985 | discovered. |
1986 | ||
62658f4d PM |
1987 | =item %s defines neither package nor VERSION--version check failed |
1988 | ||
1989 | (F) You said something like "use Module 42" but in the Module file | |
1990 | there are neither package declarations nor a C<$VERSION>. | |
1991 | ||
0ffcbc25 FC |
1992 | =item delete argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice |
1993 | ||
4a0af295 | 1994 | (F) The argument to C<delete> must be either a hash or array element, |
0ffcbc25 FC |
1995 | such as: |
1996 | ||
1997 | $foo{$bar} | |
1998 | $ref->{"susie"}[12] | |
1999 | ||
2000 | or a hash or array slice, such as: | |
2001 | ||
2002 | @foo[$bar, $baz, $xyzzy] | |
39104754 | 2003 | $ref->[12]->@{"susie", "queue"} |
0ffcbc25 | 2004 | |
cc0776d6 DIM |
2005 | or a hash key/value or array index/value slice, such as: |
2006 | ||
2007 | %foo[$bar, $baz, $xyzzy] | |
39104754 | 2008 | $ref->[12]->%{"susie", "queue"} |
cc0776d6 | 2009 | |
fc36a67e | 2010 | =item Delimiter for here document is too long |
2011 | ||
be771a83 GS |
2012 | (F) In a here document construct like C<<<FOO>, the label C<FOO> is too |
2013 | long for Perl to handle. You have to be seriously twisted to write code | |
2014 | that triggers this error. | |
fc36a67e | 2015 | |
c437f7ac | 2016 | =item Deprecated use of my() in false conditional. This will be a fatal error in Perl 5.30 |
6d3b25aa | 2017 | |
fa816bf3 FC |
2018 | (D deprecated) You used a declaration similar to C<my $x if 0>. There |
2019 | has been a long-standing bug in Perl that causes a lexical variable | |
6d3b25aa | 2020 | not to be cleared at scope exit when its declaration includes a false |
6903afa2 | 2021 | conditional. Some people have exploited this bug to achieve a kind of |
fa816bf3 | 2022 | static variable. Since we intend to fix this bug, we don't want people |
6903afa2 | 2023 | relying on this behavior. You can achieve a similar static effect by |
6d3b25aa | 2024 | declaring the variable in a separate block outside the function, eg |
36fb85f3 | 2025 | |
6d3b25aa RGS |
2026 | sub f { my $x if 0; return $x++ } |
2027 | ||
2028 | becomes | |
2029 | ||
2030 | { my $x; sub f { return $x++ } } | |
2031 | ||
ea9d9ebc | 2032 | Beginning with perl 5.10.0, you can also use C<state> variables to have |
fa816bf3 | 2033 | lexicals that are initialized only once (see L<feature>): |
36fb85f3 RGS |
2034 | |
2035 | sub f { state $x; return $x++ } | |
2036 | ||
c437f7ac A |
2037 | This use of C<my()> in a false conditional has been deprecated since |
2038 | Perl 5.10, and it will become a fatal error in Perl 5.30. | |
2039 | ||
500ab966 RGS |
2040 | =item DESTROY created new reference to dead object '%s' |
2041 | ||
2042 | (F) A DESTROY() method created a new reference to the object which is | |
6903afa2 FC |
2043 | just being DESTROYed. Perl is confused, and prefers to abort rather |
2044 | than to create a dangling reference. | |
500ab966 | 2045 | |
3cdd684c TP |
2046 | =item Did not produce a valid header |
2047 | ||
3de20fbe | 2048 | See L</500 Server error>. |
3cdd684c | 2049 | |
6df41af2 GS |
2050 | =item %s did not return a true value |
2051 | ||
2052 | (F) A required (or used) file must return a true value to indicate that | |
2053 | it compiled correctly and ran its initialization code correctly. It's | |
2054 | traditional to end such a file with a "1;", though any true value would | |
2055 | do. See L<perlfunc/require>. | |
2056 | ||
cc507455 | 2057 | =item (Did you mean &%s instead?) |
4633a7c4 | 2058 | |
413ff9f6 FC |
2059 | (W misc) You probably referred to an imported subroutine &FOO as $FOO or |
2060 | some such. | |
4633a7c4 | 2061 | |
cc507455 | 2062 | =item (Did you mean "local" instead of "our"?) |
33633739 | 2063 | |
52e3acf8 | 2064 | (W shadow) Remember that "our" does not localize the declared global |
be771a83 GS |
2065 | variable. You have declared it again in the same lexical scope, which |
2066 | seems superfluous. | |
33633739 | 2067 | |
cc507455 | 2068 | =item (Did you mean $ or @ instead of %?) |
a0d0e21e | 2069 | |
be771a83 GS |
2070 | (W) You probably said %hash{$key} when you meant $hash{$key} or |
2071 | @hash{@keys}. On the other hand, maybe you just meant %hash and got | |
2072 | carried away. | |
748a9306 | 2073 | |
7e1af8bc | 2074 | =item Died |
5f05dabc | 2075 | |
2076 | (F) You passed die() an empty string (the equivalent of C<die "">) or | |
075b00aa | 2077 | you called it with no args and C<$@> was empty. |
5f05dabc | 2078 | |
3cdd684c TP |
2079 | =item Document contains no data |
2080 | ||
3de20fbe | 2081 | See L</500 Server error>. |
3cdd684c | 2082 | |
62658f4d PM |
2083 | =item %s does not define %s::VERSION--version check failed |
2084 | ||
2085 | (F) You said something like "use Module 42" but the Module did not | |
943fc58e | 2086 | define a C<$VERSION>. |
62658f4d | 2087 | |
d3cdb721 | 2088 | =item '/' does not take a repeat count in %s |
49704364 WL |
2089 | |
2090 | (F) You cannot put a repeat count of any kind right after the '/' code. | |
2091 | See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
2092 | ||
1c99110e | 2093 | =item do "%s" failed, '.' is no longer in @INC; did you mean do "./%s"? |
2a0461a3 | 2094 | |
b28683c9 | 2095 | (D deprecated) Previously C< do "somefile"; > would search the current |
1c99110e DM |
2096 | directory for the specified file. Since perl v5.26.0, F<.> has been |
2097 | removed from C<@INC> by default, so this is no longer true. To search the | |
2098 | current directory (and only the current directory) you can write | |
2099 | C< do "./somefile"; >. | |
2a0461a3 | 2100 | |
95cb0d72 FC |
2101 | =item Don't know how to get file name |
2102 | ||
2103 | (P) C<PerlIO_getname>, a perl internal I/O function specific to VMS, was | |
2104 | somehow called on another platform. This should not happen. | |
2105 | ||
4021c788 | 2106 | =item Don't know how to handle magic of type \%o |
a0d0e21e LW |
2107 | |
2108 | (P) The internal handling of magical variables has been cursed. | |
2109 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
2110 | =item (Do you need to predeclare %s?) |
2111 | ||
56da5a46 RGS |
2112 | (S syntax) This is an educated guess made in conjunction with the message |
2113 | "%s found where operator expected". It often means a subroutine or module | |
6df41af2 GS |
2114 | name is being referenced that hasn't been declared yet. This may be |
2115 | because of ordering problems in your file, or because of a missing | |
be771a83 GS |
2116 | "sub", "package", "require", or "use" statement. If you're referencing |
2117 | something that isn't defined yet, you don't actually have to define the | |
2118 | subroutine or package before the current location. You can use an empty | |
2119 | "sub foo;" or "package FOO;" to enter a "forward" declaration. | |
6df41af2 | 2120 | |
d8ff3e95 | 2121 | =item dump() must be written as CORE::dump() as of Perl 5.30 |
ac206dc8 | 2122 | |
d8ff3e95 JK |
2123 | (F) You used the obsolete C<dump()> built-in function. That was deprecated in |
2124 | Perl 5.8.0. As of Perl 5.30 it must be written in fully qualified format: | |
2125 | C<CORE::dump()>. | |
30b17cc1 A |
2126 | |
2127 | See L<perlfunc/dump>. | |
ac206dc8 | 2128 | |
84d78eb7 YO |
2129 | =item dump is not supported |
2130 | ||
2131 | (F) Your machine doesn't support dump/undump. | |
2132 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
2133 | =item Duplicate free() ignored |
2134 | ||
be771a83 GS |
2135 | (S malloc) An internal routine called free() on something that had |
2136 | already been freed. | |
a0d0e21e | 2137 | |
1109a392 MHM |
2138 | =item Duplicate modifier '%c' after '%c' in %s |
2139 | ||
35f0cd76 FC |
2140 | (W unpack) You have applied the same modifier more than once after a |
2141 | type in a pack template. See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
1109a392 | 2142 | |
e1d3ed99 TC |
2143 | =item each on anonymous %s will always start from the beginning |
2144 | ||
2145 | (W syntax) You called L<each|perlfunc/each> on an anonymous hash or | |
2146 | array. Since a new hash or array is created each time, each() will | |
2147 | restart iterating over your hash or array every time. | |
2148 | ||
4633a7c4 LW |
2149 | =item elseif should be elsif |
2150 | ||
fa816bf3 FC |
2151 | (S syntax) There is no keyword "elseif" in Perl because Larry thinks |
2152 | it's ugly. Your code will be interpreted as an attempt to call a method | |
2153 | named "elseif" for the class returned by the following block. This is | |
4633a7c4 LW |
2154 | unlikely to be what you want. |
2155 | ||
c30c479a KW |
2156 | =item Empty \%c in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
2157 | ||
ccad8842 KW |
2158 | =item Empty \%c{} |
2159 | ||
e0e4a6e3 | 2160 | =item Empty \%c{} in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
ab13f0c7 | 2161 | |
e750debb KW |
2162 | (F) You used something like C<\b{}>, C<\B{}>, C<\o{}>, C<\p>, C<\P>, or |
2163 | C<\x> without specifying anything for it to operate on. | |
2164 | ||
2165 | Unfortunately, for backwards compatibility reasons, an empty C<\x> is | |
2166 | legal outside S<C<use re 'strict'>> and expands to a NUL character. | |
ab13f0c7 | 2167 | |
d9a91485 KW |
2168 | =item Empty (?) without any modifiers in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
2169 | ||
2170 | (W regexp) (only under C<S<use re 'strict'>>) | |
2171 | C<(?)> does nothing, so perhaps this is a typo. | |
2172 | ||
fd503f5c | 2173 | =item ${^ENCODING} is no longer supported |
a15a3d9b | 2174 | |
fd503f5c | 2175 | (F) The special variable C<${^ENCODING}>, formerly used to implement |
a15a3d9b FC |
2176 | the C<encoding> pragma, is no longer supported as of Perl 5.26.0. |
2177 | ||
fd503f5c DIM |
2178 | Setting it to anything other than C<undef> is a fatal error as of Perl |
2179 | 5.28. | |
ac641426 | 2180 | |
85ab1d1d | 2181 | =item entering effective %s failed |
5ff3f7a4 | 2182 | |
85ab1d1d | 2183 | (F) While under the C<use filetest> pragma, switching the real and |
5ff3f7a4 GS |
2184 | effective uids or gids failed. |
2185 | ||
c038024b RGS |
2186 | =item %ENV is aliased to %s |
2187 | ||
2188 | (F) You're running under taint mode, and the C<%ENV> variable has been | |
2189 | aliased to another hash, so it doesn't reflect anymore the state of the | |
6903afa2 | 2190 | program's environment. This is potentially insecure. |
c038024b | 2191 | |
748a9306 LW |
2192 | =item Error converting file specification %s |
2193 | ||
5f05dabc | 2194 | (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Because Perl may have to deal with file |
748a9306 | 2195 | specifications in either VMS or Unix syntax, it converts them to a |
be771a83 GS |
2196 | single form when it must operate on them directly. Either you've passed |
2197 | an invalid file specification to Perl, or you've found a case the | |
2198 | conversion routines don't handle. Drat. | |
748a9306 | 2199 | |
cac13810 KW |
2200 | =item Error %s in expansion of %s |
2201 | ||
2202 | (F) An error was encountered in handling a user-defined property | |
2203 | (L<perlunicode/User-Defined Character Properties>). These are | |
2204 | programmer written subroutines, hence subject to errors that may | |
2205 | prevent them from compiling or running. The calls to these subs are | |
2206 | C<eval>'d, and if there is a failure, this message is raised, using the | |
2207 | contents of C<$@> from the failed C<eval>. | |
2208 | ||
2209 | Another possibility is that tainted data was encountered somewhere in | |
2210 | the chain of expanding the property. If so, the message wording will | |
2211 | indicate that this is the problem. See L</Insecure user-defined | |
2212 | property %s>. | |
2213 | ||
ad19ef22 | 2214 | =item Eval-group in insecure regular expression |
e4d48cc9 | 2215 | |
be771a83 GS |
2216 | (F) Perl detected tainted data when trying to compile a regular |
2217 | expression that contains the C<(?{ ... })> zero-width assertion, which | |
2218 | is unsafe. See L<perlre/(?{ code })>, and L<perlsec>. | |
e4d48cc9 | 2219 | |
ad19ef22 | 2220 | =item Eval-group not allowed at runtime, use re 'eval' in regex m/%s/ |
e4d48cc9 | 2221 | |
be771a83 GS |
2222 | (F) Perl tried to compile a regular expression containing the |
2223 | C<(?{ ... })> zero-width assertion at run time, as it would when the | |
f11307f5 FC |
2224 | pattern contains interpolated values. Since that is a security risk, |
2225 | it is not allowed. If you insist, you may still do this by using the | |
2226 | C<re 'eval'> pragma or by explicitly building the pattern from an | |
2227 | interpolated string at run time and using that in an eval(). See | |
2228 | L<perlre/(?{ code })>. | |
e4d48cc9 | 2229 | |
ad19ef22 | 2230 | =item Eval-group not allowed, use re 'eval' in regex m/%s/ |
6df41af2 | 2231 | |
be771a83 GS |
2232 | (F) A regular expression contained the C<(?{ ... })> zero-width |
2233 | assertion, but that construct is only allowed when the C<use re 'eval'> | |
2234 | pragma is in effect. See L<perlre/(?{ code })>. | |
6df41af2 | 2235 | |
e0e4a6e3 FC |
2236 | =item EVAL without pos change exceeded limit in regex; marked by |
2237 | S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ | |
1a147d38 YO |
2238 | |
2239 | (F) You used a pattern that nested too many EVAL calls without consuming | |
6903afa2 | 2240 | any text. Restructure the pattern so that text is consumed. |
1a147d38 | 2241 | |
6e8a73f2 | 2242 | The S<<-- HERE> shows whereabouts in the regular expression the problem was |
1a147d38 YO |
2243 | discovered. |
2244 | ||
fc36a67e | 2245 | =item Excessively long <> operator |
2246 | ||
2247 | (F) The contents of a <> operator may not exceed the maximum size of a | |
2248 | Perl identifier. If you're just trying to glob a long list of | |
2249 | filenames, try using the glob() operator, or put the filenames into a | |
2250 | variable and glob that. | |
2251 | ||
ed9aa3b7 SG |
2252 | =item exec? I'm not *that* kind of operating system |
2253 | ||
822c8b4d DIM |
2254 | (F) The C<exec> function is not implemented on some systems, e.g. |
2255 | Catamount. See L<perlport>. | |
ed9aa3b7 | 2256 | |
c77da5ff | 2257 | =item %sExecution of %s aborted due to compilation errors. |
a0d0e21e LW |
2258 | |
2259 | (F) The final summary message when a Perl compilation fails. | |
2260 | ||
0ffcbc25 FC |
2261 | =item exists argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or a subroutine |
2262 | ||
4a0af295 | 2263 | (F) The argument to C<exists> must be a hash or array element or a |
0ffcbc25 FC |
2264 | subroutine with an ampersand, such as: |
2265 | ||
2266 | $foo{$bar} | |
2267 | $ref->{"susie"}[12] | |
2268 | &do_something | |
2269 | ||
2270 | =item exists argument is not a subroutine name | |
2271 | ||
ccfc2567 FC |
2272 | (F) The argument to C<exists> for C<exists &sub> must be a subroutine name, |
2273 | and not a subroutine call. C<exists &sub()> will generate this error. | |
0ffcbc25 | 2274 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
2275 | =item Exiting eval via %s |
2276 | ||
be771a83 GS |
2277 | (W exiting) You are exiting an eval by unconventional means, such as a |
2278 | goto, or a loop control statement. | |
e476b1b5 GS |
2279 | |
2280 | =item Exiting format via %s | |
2281 | ||
9a2ff54b | 2282 | (W exiting) You are exiting a format by unconventional means, such as a |
be771a83 | 2283 | goto, or a loop control statement. |
a0d0e21e | 2284 | |
0a753a76 | 2285 | =item Exiting pseudo-block via %s |
2286 | ||
be771a83 GS |
2287 | (W exiting) You are exiting a rather special block construct (like a |
2288 | sort block or subroutine) by unconventional means, such as a goto, or a | |
2289 | loop control statement. See L<perlfunc/sort>. | |
0a753a76 | 2290 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
2291 | =item Exiting subroutine via %s |
2292 | ||
be771a83 GS |
2293 | (W exiting) You are exiting a subroutine by unconventional means, such |
2294 | as a goto, or a loop control statement. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
2295 | |
2296 | =item Exiting substitution via %s | |
2297 | ||
be771a83 GS |
2298 | (W exiting) You are exiting a substitution by unconventional means, such |
2299 | as a return, a goto, or a loop control statement. | |
a0d0e21e | 2300 | |
e0e4a6e3 | 2301 | =item Expecting close bracket in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
c608e803 | 2302 | |
675fa9ff | 2303 | (F) You wrote something like |
c608e803 KW |
2304 | |
2305 | (?13 | |
2306 | ||
2307 | to denote a capturing group of the form | |
2308 | L<C<(?I<PARNO>)>|perlre/(?PARNO) (?-PARNO) (?+PARNO) (?R) (?0)>, | |
2309 | but omitted the C<")">. | |
2310 | ||
d8d1dede KW |
2311 | =item Expecting interpolated extended charclass in regex; marked by <-- |
2312 | HERE in m/%s/ | |
c9ffefcc | 2313 | |
d8d1dede KW |
2314 | (F) It looked like you were attempting to interpolate an |
2315 | already-compiled extended character class, like so: | |
c9ffefcc | 2316 | |
d8d1dede KW |
2317 | my $thai_or_lao = qr/(?[ \p{Thai} + \p{Lao} ])/; |
2318 | ... | |
2319 | qr/(?[ \p{Digit} & $thai_or_lao ])/; | |
c9ffefcc | 2320 | |
d8d1dede KW |
2321 | But the marked code isn't syntactically correct to be such an |
2322 | interpolated class. | |
27350048 | 2323 | |
baabe3fb | 2324 | =item Experimental aliasing via reference not enabled |
1f8155a2 | 2325 | |
baabe3fb | 2326 | (F) To do aliasing via references, you must first enable the feature: |
1f8155a2 | 2327 | |
baabe3fb FC |
2328 | no warnings "experimental::refaliasing"; |
2329 | use feature "refaliasing"; | |
1f8155a2 FC |
2330 | \$x = \$y; |
2331 | ||
74d1b2e4 FC |
2332 | =item Experimental %s on scalar is now forbidden |
2333 | ||
2334 | (F) An experimental feature added in Perl 5.14 allowed C<each>, C<keys>, | |
2335 | C<push>, C<pop>, C<shift>, C<splice>, C<unshift>, and C<values> to be called with a | |
2336 | scalar argument. This experiment is considered unsuccessful, and | |
2337 | has been removed. The C<postderef> feature may meet your needs better. | |
2338 | ||
30d9c59b Z |
2339 | =item Experimental subroutine signatures not enabled |
2340 | ||
2341 | (F) To use subroutine signatures, you must first enable them: | |
2342 | ||
caa35032 | 2343 | no warnings "experimental::signatures"; |
30d9c59b Z |
2344 | use feature "signatures"; |
2345 | sub foo ($left, $right) { ... } | |
2346 | ||
7b8d334a GS |
2347 | =item Explicit blessing to '' (assuming package main) |
2348 | ||
be771a83 GS |
2349 | (W misc) You are blessing a reference to a zero length string. This has |
2350 | the effect of blessing the reference into the package main. This is | |
2351 | usually not what you want. Consider providing a default target package, | |
2352 | e.g. bless($ref, $p || 'MyPackage'); | |
7b8d334a | 2353 | |
6df41af2 GS |
2354 | =item %s: Expression syntax |
2355 | ||
be771a83 GS |
2356 | (A) You've accidentally run your script through B<csh> instead of Perl. |
2357 | Check the #! line, or manually feed your script into Perl yourself. | |
6df41af2 GS |
2358 | |
2359 | =item %s failed--call queue aborted | |
2360 | ||
3c10abe3 AG |
2361 | (F) An untrapped exception was raised while executing a UNITCHECK, |
2362 | CHECK, INIT, or END subroutine. Processing of the remainder of the | |
2363 | queue of such routines has been prematurely ended. | |
6df41af2 | 2364 | |
e0d4aead | 2365 | =item Failed to close in-place work file %s: %s |
502aca56 TC |
2366 | |
2367 | (F) Closing an output file from in-place editing, as with the C<-i> | |
2368 | command-line switch, failed. | |
2369 | ||
e0e4a6e3 | 2370 | =item False [] range "%s" in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
73b437c8 | 2371 | |
98d31c73 | 2372 | (W regexp)(F) A character class range must start and end at a literal |
7253e4e3 | 2373 | character, not another character class like C<\d> or C<[:alpha:]>. The "-" |
3c6ca74a FC |
2374 | in your false range is interpreted as a literal "-". In a C<(?[...])> |
2375 | construct, this is an error, rather than a warning. Consider quoting | |
e0e4a6e3 | 2376 | the "-", "\-". The S<<-- HERE> shows whereabouts in the regular expression |
3c6ca74a | 2377 | the problem was discovered. See L<perlre>. |
73b437c8 | 2378 | |
1b1ee2ef | 2379 | =item Fatal VMS error (status=%d) at %s, line %d |
a0d0e21e | 2380 | |
be771a83 GS |
2381 | (P) An error peculiar to VMS. Something untoward happened in a VMS |
2382 | system service or RTL routine; Perl's exit status should provide more | |
2383 | details. The filename in "at %s" and the line number in "line %d" tell | |
2384 | you which section of the Perl source code is distressed. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
2385 | |
2386 | =item fcntl is not implemented | |
2387 | ||
2388 | (F) Your machine apparently doesn't implement fcntl(). What is this, a | |
2389 | PDP-11 or something? | |
2390 | ||
22846ab4 AB |
2391 | =item FETCHSIZE returned a negative value |
2392 | ||
2393 | (F) A tied array claimed to have a negative number of elements, which | |
2394 | is not possible. | |
2395 | ||
f337b084 TH |
2396 | =item Field too wide in 'u' format in pack |
2397 | ||
d8b5cc61 | 2398 | (W pack) Each line in an uuencoded string starts with a length indicator |
6903afa2 FC |
2399 | which can't encode values above 63. So there is no point in asking for |
2400 | a line length bigger than that. Perl will behave as if you specified | |
5c96f6f7 | 2401 | C<u63> as the format. |
f337b084 | 2402 | |
a0e213fc A |
2403 | =item File::Glob::glob() will disappear in perl 5.30. Use File::Glob::bsd_glob() instead. |
2404 | ||
2405 | (D deprecated) C<< File::Glob >> has a function called C<< glob >>, which | |
2406 | just calls C<< bsd_glob >>. However, its prototype is different from the | |
2407 | prototype of C<< CORE::glob >>, and hence, C<< File::Glob::glob >> should | |
2408 | not be used. | |
2409 | ||
2410 | C<< File::Glob::glob() >> was deprecated in perl 5.8.0. A deprecation | |
2411 | message was issued from perl 5.26.0 onwards, and the function will | |
2412 | disappear in perl 5.30.0. | |
2413 | ||
2414 | Code using C<< File::Glob::glob() >> should call | |
2415 | C<< File::Glob::bsd_glob() >> instead. | |
2416 | ||
af8c498a | 2417 | =item Filehandle %s opened only for input |
a0d0e21e | 2418 | |
6c8d78fb HS |
2419 | (W io) You tried to write on a read-only filehandle. If you intended |
2420 | it to be a read-write filehandle, you needed to open it with "+<" or | |
2421 | "+>" or "+>>" instead of with "<" or nothing. If you intended only to | |
2422 | write the file, use ">" or ">>". See L<perlfunc/open>. | |
a0d0e21e | 2423 | |
af8c498a | 2424 | =item Filehandle %s opened only for output |
a0d0e21e | 2425 | |
6c8d78fb HS |
2426 | (W io) You tried to read from a filehandle opened only for writing, If |
2427 | you intended it to be a read/write filehandle, you needed to open it | |
89a1bda8 FC |
2428 | with "+<" or "+>" or "+>>" instead of with ">". If you intended only to |
2429 | read from the file, use "<". See L<perlfunc/open>. Another possibility | |
2430 | is that you attempted to open filedescriptor 0 (also known as STDIN) for | |
2431 | output (maybe you closed STDIN earlier?). | |
97828cef RGS |
2432 | |
2433 | =item Filehandle %s reopened as %s only for input | |
2434 | ||
2435 | (W io) You opened for reading a filehandle that got the same filehandle id | |
6903afa2 | 2436 | as STDOUT or STDERR. This occurred because you closed STDOUT or STDERR |
97828cef RGS |
2437 | previously. |
2438 | ||
2439 | =item Filehandle STDIN reopened as %s only for output | |
2440 | ||
2441 | (W io) You opened for writing a filehandle that got the same filehandle id | |
fa816bf3 | 2442 | as STDIN. This occurred because you closed STDIN previously. |
a0d0e21e LW |
2443 | |
2444 | =item Final $ should be \$ or $name | |
2445 | ||
2446 | (F) You must now decide whether the final $ in a string was meant to be | |
be771a83 GS |
2447 | a literal dollar sign, or was meant to introduce a variable name that |
2448 | happens to be missing. So you have to put either the backslash or the | |
2449 | name. | |
a0d0e21e | 2450 | |
f79e2ff9 PE |
2451 | =item defer is experimental |
2452 | ||
2453 | (S experimental::defer) The C<defer> block modifier is experimental. If you | |
2454 | want to use the feature, disable the warning with | |
2455 | C<no warnings 'experimental::defer'>, but know that in doing so you are taking | |
2456 | the risk that your code may break in a future Perl version. | |
2457 | ||
56e90b21 GS |
2458 | =item flock() on closed filehandle %s |
2459 | ||
be771a83 | 2460 | (W closed) The filehandle you're attempting to flock() got itself closed |
c289d2f7 | 2461 | some time before now. Check your control flow. flock() operates on |
be771a83 GS |
2462 | filehandles. Are you attempting to call flock() on a dirhandle by the |
2463 | same name? | |
56e90b21 | 2464 | |
8f563184 NC |
2465 | =item for my (...) is experimental |
2466 | ||
2467 | (S experimental::for_list) This warning is emitted if you use C<for> to | |
4eb63851 | 2468 | iterate multiple values at a time. This syntax is currently experimental |
8f563184 NC |
2469 | and its behaviour may change in future releases of Perl. |
2470 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
2471 | =item Format not terminated |
2472 | ||
2473 | (F) A format must be terminated by a line with a solitary dot. Perl got | |
2474 | to the end of your file without finding such a line. | |
2475 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
2476 | =item Format %s redefined |
2477 | ||
e476b1b5 | 2478 | (W redefine) You redefined a format. To suppress this warning, say |
a0d0e21e LW |
2479 | |
2480 | { | |
271595cc | 2481 | no warnings 'redefine'; |
a0d0e21e LW |
2482 | eval "format NAME =..."; |
2483 | } | |
2484 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
2485 | =item Found = in conditional, should be == |
2486 | ||
e476b1b5 | 2487 | (W syntax) You said |
a0d0e21e LW |
2488 | |
2489 | if ($foo = 123) | |
2490 | ||
2491 | when you meant | |
2492 | ||
2493 | if ($foo == 123) | |
2494 | ||
2495 | (or something like that). | |
2496 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
2497 | =item %s found where operator expected |
2498 | ||
56da5a46 RGS |
2499 | (S syntax) The Perl lexer knows whether to expect a term or an operator. |
2500 | If it sees what it knows to be a term when it was expecting to see an | |
be771a83 GS |
2501 | operator, it gives you this warning. Usually it indicates that an |
2502 | operator or delimiter was omitted, such as a semicolon. | |
6df41af2 | 2503 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
2504 | =item gdbm store returned %d, errno %d, key "%s" |
2505 | ||
2506 | (S) A warning from the GDBM_File extension that a store failed. | |
2507 | ||
2508 | =item gethostent not implemented | |
2509 | ||
2510 | (F) Your C library apparently doesn't implement gethostent(), probably | |
2511 | because if it did, it'd feel morally obligated to return every hostname | |
2512 | on the Internet. | |
2513 | ||
69282e91 | 2514 | =item get%sname() on closed socket %s |
a0d0e21e | 2515 | |
be771a83 GS |
2516 | (W closed) You tried to get a socket or peer socket name on a closed |
2517 | socket. Did you forget to check the return value of your socket() call? | |
a0d0e21e | 2518 | |
748a9306 LW |
2519 | =item getpwnam returned invalid UIC %#o for user "%s" |
2520 | ||
2521 | (S) A warning peculiar to VMS. The call to C<sys$getuai> underlying the | |
2522 | C<getpwnam> operator returned an invalid UIC. | |
2523 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
2524 | =item getsockopt() on closed socket %s |
2525 | ||
be771a83 GS |
2526 | (W closed) You tried to get a socket option on a closed socket. Did you |
2527 | forget to check the return value of your socket() call? See | |
6df41af2 GS |
2528 | L<perlfunc/getsockopt>. |
2529 | ||
0f539b13 BF |
2530 | =item given is experimental |
2531 | ||
7896dde7 Z |
2532 | (S experimental::smartmatch) C<given> depends on smartmatch, which |
2533 | is experimental, so its behavior may change or even be removed | |
2534 | in any future release of perl. See the explanation under | |
2535 | L<perlsyn/Experimental Details on given and when>. | |
0f539b13 | 2536 | |
68567d27 FC |
2537 | =item Global symbol "%s" requires explicit package name (did you forget to |
2538 | declare "my %s"?) | |
6df41af2 | 2539 | |
a4edf47d | 2540 | (F) You've said "use strict" or "use strict vars", which indicates |
30c282f6 | 2541 | that all variables must either be lexically scoped (using "my" or "state"), |
a4edf47d GS |
2542 | declared beforehand using "our", or explicitly qualified to say |
2543 | which package the global variable is in (using "::"). | |
6df41af2 | 2544 | |
e476b1b5 GS |
2545 | =item glob failed (%s) |
2546 | ||
5ead438e | 2547 | (S glob) Something went wrong with the external program(s) used |
73c4e9dc FC |
2548 | for C<glob> and C<< <*.c> >>. Usually, this means that you supplied a C<glob> |
2549 | pattern that caused the external program to fail and exit with a | |
be771a83 | 2550 | nonzero status. If the message indicates that the abnormal exit |
73c4e9dc FC |
2551 | resulted in a coredump, this may also mean that your csh (C shell) |
2552 | is broken. If so, you should change all of the csh-related variables | |
2553 | in config.sh: If you have tcsh, make the variables refer to it as | |
2554 | if it were csh (e.g. C<full_csh='/usr/bin/tcsh'>); otherwise, make them | |
2555 | all empty (except that C<d_csh> should be C<'undef'>) so that Perl will | |
be771a83 | 2556 | think csh is missing. In either case, after editing config.sh, run |
75b44862 | 2557 | C<./Configure -S> and rebuild Perl. |
e476b1b5 | 2558 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
2559 | =item Glob not terminated |
2560 | ||
2561 | (F) The lexer saw a left angle bracket in a place where it was expecting | |
be771a83 GS |
2562 | a term, so it's looking for the corresponding right angle bracket, and |
2563 | not finding it. Chances are you left some needed parentheses out | |
2564 | earlier in the line, and you really meant a "less than". | |
a0d0e21e | 2565 | |
b35b96b6 JH |
2566 | =item gmtime(%f) failed |
2567 | ||
2568 | (W overflow) You called C<gmtime> with a number that it could not handle: | |
2569 | too large, too small, or NaN. The returned value is C<undef>. | |
2570 | ||
bcd05b94 | 2571 | =item gmtime(%f) too large |
8b56d6ff | 2572 | |
e9200be3 | 2573 | (W overflow) You called C<gmtime> with a number that was larger than |
fc003d4b | 2574 | it can reliably handle and C<gmtime> probably returned the wrong |
6903afa2 | 2575 | date. This warning is also triggered with NaN (the special |
fc003d4b MS |
2576 | not-a-number value). |
2577 | ||
bcd05b94 | 2578 | =item gmtime(%f) too small |
fc003d4b | 2579 | |
e9200be3 | 2580 | (W overflow) You called C<gmtime> with a number that was smaller than |
e7a1a147 | 2581 | it can reliably handle and C<gmtime> probably returned the wrong date. |
8b56d6ff | 2582 | |
6df41af2 | 2583 | =item Got an error from DosAllocMem |
a0d0e21e | 2584 | |
6df41af2 GS |
2585 | (P) An error peculiar to OS/2. Most probably you're using an obsolete |
2586 | version of Perl, and this should not happen anyway. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
2587 | |
2588 | =item goto must have label | |
2589 | ||
2590 | (F) Unlike with "next" or "last", you're not allowed to goto an | |
2591 | unspecified destination. See L<perlfunc/goto>. | |
2592 | ||
6651ba0b FC |
2593 | =item Goto undefined subroutine%s |
2594 | ||
2595 | (F) You tried to call a subroutine with C<goto &sub> syntax, but | |
2596 | the indicated subroutine hasn't been defined, or if it was, it | |
2597 | has since been undefined. | |
2598 | ||
6fbc9859 | 2599 | =item Group name must start with a non-digit word character in regex; marked by |
e0e4a6e3 | 2600 | S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
1f4f6bf1 YO |
2601 | |
2602 | (F) Group names must follow the rules for perl identifiers, meaning | |
f26c79ba FC |
2603 | they must start with a non-digit word character. A common cause of |
2604 | this error is using (?&0) instead of (?0). See L<perlre>. | |
1f4f6bf1 | 2605 | |
5a25739d FC |
2606 | =item ()-group starts with a count |
2607 | ||
2608 | (F) A ()-group started with a count. A count is supposed to follow | |
2609 | something: a template character or a ()-group. See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
2610 | ||
fe13d51d | 2611 | =item %s had compilation errors. |
6df41af2 GS |
2612 | |
2613 | (F) The final summary message when a C<perl -c> fails. | |
2614 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
2615 | =item Had to create %s unexpectedly |
2616 | ||
be771a83 GS |
2617 | (S internal) A routine asked for a symbol from a symbol table that ought |
2618 | to have existed already, but for some reason it didn't, and had to be | |
2619 | created on an emergency basis to prevent a core dump. | |
a0d0e21e | 2620 | |
6df41af2 GS |
2621 | =item %s has too many errors |
2622 | ||
2623 | (F) The parser has given up trying to parse the program after 10 errors. | |
2624 | Further error messages would likely be uninformative. | |
2625 | ||
61e61fbc JH |
2626 | =item Hexadecimal float: exponent overflow |
2627 | ||
d8f2b442 | 2628 | (W overflow) The hexadecimal floating point has a larger exponent |
61e61fbc JH |
2629 | than the floating point supports. |
2630 | ||
2631 | =item Hexadecimal float: exponent underflow | |
2632 | ||
d8f2b442 | 2633 | (W overflow) The hexadecimal floating point has a smaller exponent |
b6d9b423 JH |
2634 | than the floating point supports. With the IEEE 754 floating point, |
2635 | this may also mean that the subnormals (formerly known as denormals) | |
2636 | are being used, which may or may not be an error. | |
61e61fbc | 2637 | |
5488d373 | 2638 | =item Hexadecimal float: internal error (%s) |
cf4f6003 JH |
2639 | |
2640 | (F) Something went horribly bad in hexadecimal float handling. | |
2641 | ||
61e61fbc JH |
2642 | =item Hexadecimal float: mantissa overflow |
2643 | ||
2644 | (W overflow) The hexadecimal floating point literal had more bits in | |
2645 | the mantissa (the part between the 0x and the exponent, also known as | |
2646 | the fraction or the significand) than the floating point supports. | |
2647 | ||
40bca5ae JH |
2648 | =item Hexadecimal float: precision loss |
2649 | ||
2650 | (W overflow) The hexadecimal floating point had internally more | |
2651 | digits than could be output. This can be caused by unsupported | |
2652 | long double formats, or by 64-bit integers not being available | |
2653 | (needed to retrieve the digits under some configurations). | |
2654 | ||
2655 | =item Hexadecimal float: unsupported long double format | |
2656 | ||
2657 | (F) You have configured Perl to use long doubles but | |
d8f2b442 | 2658 | the internals of the long double format are unknown; |
40bca5ae JH |
2659 | therefore the hexadecimal float output is impossible. |
2660 | ||
252aa082 JH |
2661 | =item Hexadecimal number > 0xffffffff non-portable |
2662 | ||
e476b1b5 | 2663 | (W portable) The hexadecimal number you specified is larger than 2**32-1 |
9e24b6e2 JH |
2664 | (4294967295) and therefore non-portable between systems. See |
2665 | L<perlport> for more on portability concerns. | |
252aa082 | 2666 | |
8903cb82 | 2667 | =item Identifier too long |
2668 | ||
2669 | (F) Perl limits identifiers (names for variables, functions, etc.) to | |
fc36a67e | 2670 | about 250 characters for simple names, and somewhat more for compound |
be771a83 GS |
2671 | names (like C<$A::B>). You've exceeded Perl's limits. Future versions |
2672 | of Perl are likely to eliminate these arbitrary limitations. | |
8903cb82 | 2673 | |
e0e4a6e3 FC |
2674 | =item Ignoring zero length \N{} in character class in regex; marked by |
2675 | S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ | |
fc8cd66c | 2676 | |
f3ba6905 | 2677 | (W regexp) Named Unicode character escapes (C<\N{...}>) may return a |
0f44b2a5 FC |
2678 | zero-length sequence. When such an escape is used in a character |
2679 | class its behavior is not well defined. Check that the correct | |
2680 | escape has been used, and the correct charname handler is in scope. | |
fc8cd66c | 2681 | |
bcfb98ec | 2682 | =item Illegal %s digit '%c' ignored |
f675dbe5 | 2683 | |
bcfb98ec KW |
2684 | (W digit) Here C<%s> is one of "binary", "octal", or "hex". |
2685 | You may have tried to use a digit other than one that is legal for the | |
2686 | given type, such as only 0 and 1 for binary. For octals, this is raised | |
2687 | only if the illegal character is an '8' or '9'. For hex, 'A' - 'F' and | |
2688 | 'a' - 'f' are legal. | |
2689 | Interpretation of the number stopped just before the offending digit or | |
2690 | character. | |
f675dbe5 | 2691 | |
bcfb98ec | 2692 | =item Illegal binary digit '%c' |
a0d0e21e | 2693 | |
bcfb98ec | 2694 | (F) You used a digit other than 0 or 1 in a binary number. |
a0d0e21e | 2695 | |
6597eb22 FC |
2696 | =item Illegal character after '_' in prototype for %s : %s |
2697 | ||
e4d150f1 FC |
2698 | (W illegalproto) An illegal character was found in a prototype |
2699 | declaration. The '_' in a prototype must be followed by a ';', | |
2700 | indicating the rest of the parameters are optional, or one of '@' | |
2701 | or '%', since those two will accept 0 or more final parameters. | |
6597eb22 | 2702 | |
b913d0b8 FC |
2703 | =item Illegal character \%o (carriage return) |
2704 | ||
2705 | (F) Perl normally treats carriage returns in the program text as | |
2706 | it would any other whitespace, which means you should never see | |
2707 | this error when Perl was built using standard options. For some | |
2708 | reason, your version of Perl appears to have been built without | |
2709 | this support. Talk to your Perl administrator. | |
2710 | ||
bb6b75cd | 2711 | =item Illegal character following sigil in a subroutine signature |
d3d9da4a DM |
2712 | |
2713 | (F) A parameter in a subroutine signature contained an unexpected character | |
d4e5761f FC |
2714 | following the C<$>, C<@> or C<%> sigil character. Normally the sigil |
2715 | should be followed by the variable name or C<=> etc. Perhaps you are | |
d3d9da4a DM |
2716 | trying use a prototype while in the scope of C<use feature 'signatures'>? |
2717 | For example: | |
2718 | ||
2719 | sub foo ($$) {} # legal - a prototype | |
2720 | ||
2721 | use feature 'signatures; | |
2722 | sub foo ($$) {} # illegal - was expecting a signature | |
2723 | sub foo ($a, $b) | |
2724 | :prototype($$) {} # legal | |
2725 | ||
2726 | ||
d37a9538 ST |
2727 | =item Illegal character in prototype for %s : %s |
2728 | ||
197afce1 | 2729 | (W illegalproto) An illegal character was found in a prototype declaration. |
2e9cc7ef | 2730 | Legal characters in prototypes are $, @, %, *, ;, [, ], &, \, and +. |
30d9c59b Z |
2731 | Perhaps you were trying to write a subroutine signature but didn't enable |
2732 | that feature first (C<use feature 'signatures'>), so your signature was | |
2733 | instead interpreted as a bad prototype. | |
d37a9538 | 2734 | |
904d85c5 RGS |
2735 | =item Illegal declaration of anonymous subroutine |
2736 | ||
2737 | (F) When using the C<sub> keyword to construct an anonymous subroutine, | |
6903afa2 | 2738 | you must always specify a block of code. See L<perlsub>. |
904d85c5 | 2739 | |
8e742a20 MHM |
2740 | =item Illegal declaration of subroutine %s |
2741 | ||
6903afa2 | 2742 | (F) A subroutine was not declared correctly. See L<perlsub>. |
8e742a20 | 2743 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
2744 | =item Illegal division by zero |
2745 | ||
be771a83 GS |
2746 | (F) You tried to divide a number by 0. Either something was wrong in |
2747 | your logic, or you need to put a conditional in to guard against | |
2748 | meaningless input. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
2749 | |
2750 | =item Illegal modulus zero | |
2751 | ||
be771a83 GS |
2752 | (F) You tried to divide a number by 0 to get the remainder. Most |
2753 | numbers don't take to this kindly. | |
a0d0e21e | 2754 | |
6df41af2 | 2755 | =item Illegal number of bits in vec |
399388f4 | 2756 | |
6df41af2 GS |
2757 | (F) The number of bits in vec() (the third argument) must be a power of |
2758 | two from 1 to 32 (or 64, if your platform supports that). | |
399388f4 | 2759 | |
283151b7 | 2760 | =item Illegal octal digit '%c' |
a0d0e21e | 2761 | |
d1be9408 | 2762 | (F) You used an 8 or 9 in an octal number. |
a0d0e21e | 2763 | |
ecc6274e FC |
2764 | =item Illegal operator following parameter in a subroutine signature |
2765 | ||
2766 | (F) A parameter in a subroutine signature, was followed by something | |
2767 | other than C<=> introducing a default, C<,> or C<)>. | |
2768 | ||
2769 | use feature 'signatures'; | |
2770 | sub foo ($=1) {} # legal | |
2771 | sub foo ($a = 1) {} # legal | |
2772 | sub foo ($a += 1) {} # illegal | |
2773 | sub foo ($a == 1) {} # illegal | |
2774 | ||
e0e4a6e3 | 2775 | =item Illegal pattern in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
c608e803 | 2776 | |
675fa9ff | 2777 | (F) You wrote something like |
c608e803 KW |
2778 | |
2779 | (?+foo) | |
2780 | ||
2781 | The C<"+"> is valid only when followed by digits, indicating a | |
2782 | capturing group. See | |
2783 | L<C<(?I<PARNO>)>|perlre/(?PARNO) (?-PARNO) (?+PARNO) (?R) (?0)>. | |
2784 | ||
375ed12a JH |
2785 | =item Illegal suidscript |
2786 | ||
2787 | (F) The script run under suidperl was somehow illegal. | |
2788 | ||
fe13d51d | 2789 | =item Illegal switch in PERL5OPT: -%c |
6ff81951 | 2790 | |
6df41af2 | 2791 | (X) The PERL5OPT environment variable may only be used to set the |
646ca9b2 | 2792 | following switches: B<-[CDIMUdmtw]>. |
6ff81951 | 2793 | |
4003ea29 KW |
2794 | =item Illegal user-defined property name |
2795 | ||
2796 | (F) You specified a Unicode-like property name in a regular expression | |
2797 | pattern (using C<\p{}> or C<\P{}>) that Perl knows isn't an official | |
2798 | Unicode property, and was likely meant to be a user-defined property | |
2799 | name, but it can't be one of those, as they must begin with either C<In> | |
2800 | or C<Is>. Check the spelling. See also | |
2801 | L</Can't find Unicode property definition "%s">. | |
2802 | ||
6df41af2 | 2803 | =item Ill-formed CRTL environ value "%s" |
81e118e0 | 2804 | |
75b44862 | 2805 | (W internal) A warning peculiar to VMS. Perl tried to read the CRTL's |
be771a83 GS |
2806 | internal environ array, and encountered an element without the C<=> |
2807 | delimiter used to separate keys from values. The element is ignored. | |
09bef843 | 2808 | |
6df41af2 | 2809 | =item Ill-formed message in prime_env_iter: |%s| |
54310121 | 2810 | |
be771a83 GS |
2811 | (W internal) A warning peculiar to VMS. Perl tried to read a logical |
2812 | name or CLI symbol definition when preparing to iterate over %ENV, and | |
2813 | didn't see the expected delimiter between key and value, so the line was | |
2814 | ignored. | |
54310121 | 2815 | |
6df41af2 | 2816 | =item (in cleanup) %s |
9607fc9c | 2817 | |
be771a83 GS |
2818 | (W misc) This prefix usually indicates that a DESTROY() method raised |
2819 | the indicated exception. Since destructors are usually called by the | |
2820 | system at arbitrary points during execution, and often a vast number of | |
2821 | times, the warning is issued only once for any number of failures that | |
2822 | would otherwise result in the same message being repeated. | |
6df41af2 | 2823 | |
be771a83 GS |
2824 | Failure of user callbacks dispatched using the C<G_KEEPERR> flag could |
2825 | also result in this warning. See L<perlcall/G_KEEPERR>. | |
9607fc9c | 2826 | |
40151a41 PE |
2827 | =item Implicit use of @_ in %s with signatured subroutine is experimental |
2828 | ||
2829 | (S experimental::args_array_with_signatures) An expression that implicitly | |
2830 | involves the C<@_> arguments array was found in a subroutine that uses a | |
2831 | signature. This is experimental because the interaction between the | |
2832 | arguments array and parameter handling via signatures is not guaranteed | |
2833 | to remain stable in any future version of Perl, and such code should be | |
2834 | avoided. | |
2835 | ||
e0e4a6e3 FC |
2836 | =item Incomplete expression within '(?[ ])' in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> |
2837 | in m/%s/ | |
0d0b4b3b | 2838 | |
675fa9ff | 2839 | (F) There was a syntax error within the C<(?[ ])>. This can happen if the |
0d0b4b3b KW |
2840 | expression inside the construct was completely empty, or if there are |
2841 | too many or few operands for the number of operators. Perl is not smart | |
2842 | enough to give you a more precise indication as to what is wrong. | |
2843 | ||
6fbc9859 MH |
2844 | =item Inconsistent hierarchy during C3 merge of class '%s': merging failed on |
2845 | parent '%s' | |
2c7d6b9c RGS |
2846 | |
2847 | (F) The method resolution order (MRO) of the given class is not | |
2848 | C3-consistent, and you have enabled the C3 MRO for this class. See the C3 | |
2849 | documentation in L<mro> for more information. | |
2850 | ||
cdd6375d MH |
2851 | =item Indentation on line %d of here-doc doesn't match delimiter |
2852 | ||
2853 | (F) You have an indented here-document where one or more of its lines | |
2854 | have whitespace at the beginning that does not match the closing | |
2855 | delimiter. | |
2856 | ||
2857 | For example, line 2 below is wrong because it does not have at least | |
2858 | 2 spaces, but lines 1 and 3 are fine because they have at least 2: | |
2859 | ||
2860 | if ($something) { | |
2861 | print <<~EOF; | |
2862 | Line 1 | |
2863 | Line 2 not | |
2864 | Line 3 | |
2865 | EOF | |
2866 | } | |
2867 | ||
2868 | Note that tabs and spaces are compared strictly, meaning 1 tab will | |
2869 | not match 8 spaces. | |
2870 | ||
6a2ed79a | 2871 | =item Infinite recursion in regex |
1a147d38 YO |
2872 | |
2873 | (F) You used a pattern that references itself without consuming any input | |
6903afa2 | 2874 | text. You should check the pattern to ensure that recursive patterns |
1a147d38 YO |
2875 | either consume text or fail. |
2876 | ||
cac13810 KW |
2877 | =item Infinite recursion in user-defined property |
2878 | ||
2879 | (F) A user-defined property (L<perlunicode/User-Defined Character | |
2880 | Properties>) can depend on the definitions of other user-defined | |
2881 | properties. If the chain of dependencies leads back to this property, | |
2882 | infinite recursion would occur, were it not for the check that raised | |
2883 | this error. | |
2884 | ||
2885 | Restructure your property definitions to avoid this. | |
2886 | ||
714f94d1 FC |
2887 | =item Infinite recursion via empty pattern |
2888 | ||
2889 | (F) You tried to use the empty pattern inside of a regex code block, | |
2890 | for instance C</(?{ s!!! })/>, which resulted in re-executing | |
2891 | the same pattern, which is an infinite loop which is broken by | |
2892 | throwing an exception. | |
2893 | ||
f99042c8 | 2894 | =item Initialization of state variables in list currently forbidden |
6dbe9451 | 2895 | |
f99042c8 Z |
2896 | (F) C<state> only permits initializing a single variable, specified |
2897 | without parentheses. So C<state $a = 42> and C<state @a = qw(a b c)> are | |
2898 | allowed, but not C<state ($a) = 42> or C<(state $a) = 42>. To initialize | |
2899 | more than one C<state> variable, initialize them one at a time. | |
6dbe9451 | 2900 | |
2186f873 FC |
2901 | =item %%s[%s] in scalar context better written as $%s[%s] |
2902 | ||
2903 | (W syntax) In scalar context, you've used an array index/value slice | |
2904 | (indicated by %) to select a single element of an array. Generally | |
2905 | it's better to ask for a scalar value (indicated by $). The difference | |
2906 | is that C<$foo[&bar]> always behaves like a scalar, both in the value it | |
2907 | returns and when evaluating its argument, while C<%foo[&bar]> provides | |
2908 | a list context to its subscript, which can do weird things if you're | |
2909 | expecting only one subscript. When called in list context, it also | |
2910 | returns the index (what C<&bar> returns) in addition to the value. | |
2911 | ||
2912 | =item %%s{%s} in scalar context better written as $%s{%s} | |
2913 | ||
2914 | (W syntax) In scalar context, you've used a hash key/value slice | |
2915 | (indicated by %) to select a single element of a hash. Generally it's | |
2916 | better to ask for a scalar value (indicated by $). The difference | |
2917 | is that C<$foo{&bar}> always behaves like a scalar, both in the value | |
2918 | it returns and when evaluating its argument, while C<@foo{&bar}> and | |
2919 | provides a list context to its subscript, which can do weird things | |
2920 | if you're expecting only one subscript. When called in list context, | |
2921 | it also returns the key in addition to the value. | |
2922 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
2923 | =item Insecure dependency in %s |
2924 | ||
8b1a09fc | 2925 | (F) You tried to do something that the tainting mechanism didn't like. |
be771a83 GS |
2926 | The tainting mechanism is turned on when you're running setuid or |
2927 | setgid, or when you specify B<-T> to turn it on explicitly. The | |
2928 | tainting mechanism labels all data that's derived directly or indirectly | |
2929 | from the user, who is considered to be unworthy of your trust. If any | |
2930 | such data is used in a "dangerous" operation, you get this error. See | |
2931 | L<perlsec> for more information. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
2932 | |
2933 | =item Insecure directory in %s | |
2934 | ||
be771a83 GS |
2935 | (F) You can't use system(), exec(), or a piped open in a setuid or |
2936 | setgid script if C<$ENV{PATH}> contains a directory that is writable by | |
df98f984 RGS |
2937 | the world. Also, the PATH must not contain any relative directory. |
2938 | See L<perlsec>. | |
a0d0e21e | 2939 | |
62f468fc | 2940 | =item Insecure $ENV{%s} while running %s |
a0d0e21e LW |
2941 | |
2942 | (F) You can't use system(), exec(), or a piped open in a setuid or | |
62f468fc | 2943 | setgid script if any of C<$ENV{PATH}>, C<$ENV{IFS}>, C<$ENV{CDPATH}>, |
332d5f78 SR |
2944 | C<$ENV{ENV}>, C<$ENV{BASH_ENV}> or C<$ENV{TERM}> are derived from data |
2945 | supplied (or potentially supplied) by the user. The script must set | |
2946 | the path to a known value, using trustworthy data. See L<perlsec>. | |
a0d0e21e | 2947 | |
0e9be77f DM |
2948 | =item Insecure user-defined property %s |
2949 | ||
2950 | (F) Perl detected tainted data when trying to compile a regular | |
2951 | expression that contains a call to a user-defined character property | |
2952 | function, i.e. C<\p{IsFoo}> or C<\p{InFoo}>. | |
2953 | See L<perlunicode/User-Defined Character Properties> and L<perlsec>. | |
2954 | ||
b9ef414d FC |
2955 | =item Integer overflow in format string for %s |
2956 | ||
2957 | (F) The indexes and widths specified in the format string of C<printf()> | |
2958 | or C<sprintf()> are too large. The numbers must not overflow the size of | |
2959 | integers for your architecture. | |
2960 | ||
a7ae9550 GS |
2961 | =item Integer overflow in %s number |
2962 | ||
35928bc5 | 2963 | (S overflow) The hexadecimal, octal or binary number you have specified |
be771a83 GS |
2964 | either as a literal or as an argument to hex() or oct() is too big for |
2965 | your architecture, and has been converted to a floating point number. | |
2966 | On a 32-bit architecture the largest hexadecimal, octal or binary number | |
9e24b6e2 JH |
2967 | representable without overflow is 0xFFFFFFFF, 037777777777, or |
2968 | 0b11111111111111111111111111111111 respectively. Note that Perl | |
2969 | transparently promotes all numbers to a floating point representation | |
2970 | internally--subject to loss of precision errors in subsequent | |
2971 | operations. | |
bbce6d69 | 2972 | |
fc89ca81 FC |
2973 | =item Integer overflow in srand |
2974 | ||
2975 | (S overflow) The number you have passed to srand is too big to fit | |
2976 | in your architecture's integer representation. The number has been | |
2977 | replaced with the largest integer supported (0xFFFFFFFF on 32-bit | |
2978 | architectures). This means you may be getting less randomness than | |
2979 | you expect, because different random seeds above the maximum will | |
2980 | return the same sequence of random numbers. | |
2981 | ||
46314c13 JP |
2982 | =item Integer overflow in version |
2983 | ||
18da5252 FC |
2984 | =item Integer overflow in version %d |
2985 | ||
784d71ed FC |
2986 | (W overflow) Some portion of a version initialization is too large for |
2987 | the size of integers for your architecture. This is not a warning | |
f084e84f | 2988 | because there is no rational reason for a version to try and use an |
784d71ed FC |
2989 | element larger than typically 2**32. This is usually caused by trying |
2990 | to use some odd mathematical operation as a version, like 100/9. | |
46314c13 | 2991 | |
e0e4a6e3 | 2992 | =item Internal disaster in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
6df41af2 GS |
2993 | |
2994 | (P) Something went badly wrong in the regular expression parser. | |
e0e4a6e3 | 2995 | The S<<-- HERE> shows whereabouts in the regular expression the problem was |
b45f050a JF |
2996 | discovered. |
2997 | ||
748a9306 LW |
2998 | =item Internal inconsistency in tracking vforks |
2999 | ||
be771a83 GS |
3000 | (S) A warning peculiar to VMS. Perl keeps track of the number of times |
3001 | you've called C<fork> and C<exec>, to determine whether the current call | |
3002 | to C<exec> should affect the current script or a subprocess (see | |
3003 | L<perlvms/"exec LIST">). Somehow, this count has become scrambled, so | |
3004 | Perl is making a guess and treating this C<exec> as a request to | |
3005 | terminate the Perl script and execute the specified command. | |
748a9306 | 3006 | |
870978ae FC |
3007 | =item internal %<num>p might conflict with future printf extensions |
3008 | ||
3009 | (S internal) Perl's internal routine that handles C<printf> and C<sprintf> | |
3010 | formatting follows a slightly different set of rules when called from | |
3011 | C or XS code. Specifically, formats consisting of digits followed | |
3012 | by "p" (e.g., "%7p") are reserved for future use. If you see this | |
3013 | message, then an XS module tried to call that routine with one such | |
3014 | reserved format. | |
3015 | ||
e0e4a6e3 | 3016 | =item Internal urp in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
b45f050a | 3017 | |
fa816bf3 | 3018 | (P) Something went badly awry in the regular expression parser. The |
e0e4a6e3 | 3019 | S<<-- HERE> shows whereabouts in the regular expression the problem was |
7253e4e3 | 3020 | discovered. |
a0d0e21e | 3021 | |
6df41af2 GS |
3022 | =item %s (...) interpreted as function |
3023 | ||
75b44862 | 3024 | (W syntax) You've run afoul of the rule that says that any list operator |
be771a83 | 3025 | followed by parentheses turns into a function, with all the list |
64977eb6 | 3026 | operators arguments found inside the parentheses. See |
13a2d996 | 3027 | L<perlop/Terms and List Operators (Leftward)>. |
6df41af2 | 3028 | |
f51551f7 FC |
3029 | =item In '(?...)', the '(' and '?' must be adjacent in regex; |
3030 | marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ | |
3031 | ||
3032 | (F) The two-character sequence C<"(?"> in this context in a regular | |
3033 | expression pattern should be an indivisible token, with nothing | |
3034 | intervening between the C<"("> and the C<"?">, but you separated them | |
3035 | with whitespace. | |
3036 | ||
d9790612 | 3037 | =item In '(*...)', the '(' and '*' must be adjacent in regex; |
edf23316 FC |
3038 | marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
3039 | ||
d9790612 | 3040 | (F) The two-character sequence C<"(*"> in this context in a regular |
edf23316 | 3041 | expression pattern should be an indivisible token, with nothing |
d9790612 KW |
3042 | intervening between the C<"("> and the C<"*">, but you separated them. |
3043 | Fix the pattern and retry. | |
edf23316 | 3044 | |
09bef843 SB |
3045 | =item Invalid %s attribute: %s |
3046 | ||
a4a4c9e2 | 3047 | (F) The indicated attribute for a subroutine or variable was not recognized |
09bef843 SB |
3048 | by Perl or by a user-supplied handler. See L<attributes>. |
3049 | ||
3050 | =item Invalid %s attributes: %s | |
3051 | ||
a4a4c9e2 | 3052 | (F) The indicated attributes for a subroutine or variable were not |
be771a83 | 3053 | recognized by Perl or by a user-supplied handler. See L<attributes>. |
09bef843 | 3054 | |
e0e4a6e3 FC |
3055 | =item Invalid character in charnames alias definition; marked by |
3056 | S<<-- HERE> in '%s | |
225fb84f KW |
3057 | |
3058 | (F) You tried to create a custom alias for a character name, with | |
3059 | the C<:alias> option to C<use charnames> and the specified character in | |
3060 | the indicated name isn't valid. See L<charnames/CUSTOM ALIASES>. | |
3061 | ||
c8028aa6 TC |
3062 | =item Invalid \0 character in %s for %s: %s\0%s |
3063 | ||
fa3234e3 FC |
3064 | (W syscalls) Embedded \0 characters in pathnames or other system call |
3065 | arguments produce a warning as of 5.20. The parts after the \0 were | |
3066 | formerly ignored by system calls. | |
c8028aa6 | 3067 | |
e0e4a6e3 | 3068 | =item Invalid character in \N{...}; marked by S<<-- HERE> in \N{%s} |
a690c7c4 FC |
3069 | |
3070 | (F) Only certain characters are valid for character names. The | |
3071 | indicated one isn't. See L<charnames/CUSTOM ALIASES>. | |
3072 | ||
c635e13b | 3073 | =item Invalid conversion in %s: "%s" |
3074 | ||
be771a83 GS |
3075 | (W printf) Perl does not understand the given format conversion. See |
3076 | L<perlfunc/sprintf>. | |
c635e13b | 3077 | |
e0e4a6e3 FC |
3078 | =item Invalid escape in the specified encoding in regex; marked by |
3079 | S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ | |
9e08bc66 | 3080 | |
98d31c73 | 3081 | (W regexp)(F) The numeric escape (for example C<\xHH>) of value < 256 |
9e08bc66 TS |
3082 | didn't correspond to a single character through the conversion |
3083 | from the encoding specified by the encoding pragma. | |
98d31c73 FC |
3084 | The escape was replaced with REPLACEMENT CHARACTER (U+FFFD) |
3085 | instead, except within S<C<(?[ ])>>, where it is a fatal error. | |
e0e4a6e3 | 3086 | The S<<-- HERE> shows whereabouts in the regular expression the |
9e08bc66 TS |
3087 | escape was discovered. |
3088 | ||
8149aa9f FC |
3089 | =item Invalid hexadecimal number in \N{U+...} |
3090 | ||
e0e4a6e3 FC |
3091 | =item Invalid hexadecimal number in \N{U+...} in regex; marked by |
3092 | S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ | |
aec0ef10 | 3093 | |
8149aa9f | 3094 | (F) The character constant represented by C<...> is not a valid hexadecimal |
74f8e9e3 FC |
3095 | number. Either it is empty, or you tried to use a character other than |
3096 | 0 - 9 or A - F, a - f in a hexadecimal number. | |
8149aa9f | 3097 | |
6651ba0b FC |
3098 | =item Invalid module name %s with -%c option: contains single ':' |
3099 | ||
3100 | (F) The module argument to perl's B<-m> and B<-M> command-line options | |
3101 | cannot contain single colons in the module name, but only in the | |
3102 | arguments after "=". In other words, B<-MFoo::Bar=:baz> is ok, but | |
3103 | B<-MFoo:Bar=baz> is not. | |
3104 | ||
2c7d6b9c RGS |
3105 | =item Invalid mro name: '%s' |
3106 | ||
162a3e34 FC |
3107 | (F) You tried to C<mro::set_mro("classname", "foo")> or C<use mro 'foo'>, |
3108 | where C<foo> is not a valid method resolution order (MRO). Currently, | |
3109 | the only valid ones supported are C<dfs> and C<c3>, unless you have loaded | |
3110 | a module that is a MRO plugin. See L<mro> and L<perlmroapi>. | |
2c7d6b9c | 3111 | |
40e4140b FC |
3112 | =item Invalid negative number (%s) in chr |
3113 | ||
3114 | (W utf8) You passed a negative number to C<chr>. Negative numbers are | |
abc0aa9d | 3115 | not valid character numbers, so it returns the Unicode replacement |
40e4140b FC |
3116 | character (U+FFFD). |
3117 | ||
74d1b2e4 FC |
3118 | =item Invalid number '%s' for -C option. |
3119 | ||
3120 | (F) You supplied a number to the -C option that either has extra leading | |
3121 | zeroes or overflows perl's unsigned integer representation. | |
3122 | ||
6651ba0b FC |
3123 | =item invalid option -D%c, use -D'' to see choices |
3124 | ||
8ff21bfe FC |
3125 | (S debugging) Perl was called with invalid debugger flags. Call perl |
3126 | with the B<-D> option with no flags to see the list of acceptable values. | |
982c4ecb | 3127 | See also L<perlrun/-Dletters>. |
6651ba0b | 3128 | |
6e8a73f2 | 3129 | =item Invalid quantifier in {,} in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
35cd12d1 HS |
3130 | |
3131 | (F) The pattern looks like a {min,max} quantifier, but the min or max | |
3132 | could not be parsed as a valid number - either it has leading zeroes, | |
3133 | or it represents too big a number to cope with. The S<<-- HERE> shows | |
3134 | where in the regular expression the problem was discovered. See L<perlre>. | |
3135 | ||
e0e4a6e3 | 3136 | =item Invalid [] range "%s" in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
6df41af2 GS |
3137 | |
3138 | (F) The range specified in a character class had a minimum character | |
7253e4e3 RK |
3139 | greater than the maximum character. One possibility is that you forgot the |
3140 | C<{}> from your ending C<\x{}> - C<\x> without the curly braces can go only | |
e0e4a6e3 | 3141 | up to C<ff>. The S<<-- HERE> shows whereabouts in the regular expression the |
7253e4e3 | 3142 | problem was discovered. See L<perlre>. |
6df41af2 | 3143 | |
d1573ac7 | 3144 | =item Invalid range "%s" in transliteration operator |
c2e66d9e GS |
3145 | |
3146 | (F) The range specified in the tr/// or y/// operator had a minimum | |
3147 | character greater than the maximum character. See L<perlop>. | |
3148 | ||
daa74010 KW |
3149 | =item Invalid reference to group in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
3150 | ||
3151 | (F) The capture group you specified can't possibly exist because the | |
3152 | number you used is not within the legal range of possible values for | |
3153 | this machine. | |
3154 | ||
09bef843 SB |
3155 | =item Invalid separator character %s in attribute list |
3156 | ||
0120eecf | 3157 | (F) Something other than a colon or whitespace was seen between the |
be771a83 GS |
3158 | elements of an attribute list. If the previous attribute had a |
3159 | parenthesised parameter list, perhaps that list was terminated too soon. | |
3160 | See L<attributes>. | |
09bef843 | 3161 | |
b4581f09 JH |
3162 | =item Invalid separator character %s in PerlIO layer specification %s |
3163 | ||
2bfc5f71 FC |
3164 | (W layer) When pushing layers onto the Perl I/O system, something other |
3165 | than a colon or whitespace was seen between the elements of a layer list. | |
b4581f09 JH |
3166 | If the previous attribute had a parenthesised parameter list, perhaps that |
3167 | list was terminated too soon. | |
3168 | ||
2c86d456 DG |
3169 | =item Invalid strict version format (%s) |
3170 | ||
fa816bf3 | 3171 | (F) A version number did not meet the "strict" criteria for versions. |
2c86d456 DG |
3172 | A "strict" version number is a positive decimal number (integer or |
3173 | decimal-fraction) without exponentiation or else a dotted-decimal | |
3174 | v-string with a leading 'v' character and at least three components. | |
a6485a24 | 3175 | The parenthesized text indicates which criteria were not met. |
2c86d456 DG |
3176 | See the L<version> module for more details on allowed version formats. |
3177 | ||
49704364 | 3178 | =item Invalid type '%s' in %s |
96e4d5b1 | 3179 | |
49704364 WL |
3180 | (F) The given character is not a valid pack or unpack type. |
3181 | See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
6728c851 | 3182 | |
49704364 | 3183 | (W) The given character is not a valid pack or unpack type but used to be |
75b44862 | 3184 | silently ignored. |
96e4d5b1 | 3185 | |
2c86d456 DG |
3186 | =item Invalid version format (%s) |
3187 | ||
fa816bf3 | 3188 | (F) A version number did not meet the "lax" criteria for versions. |
2c86d456 DG |
3189 | A "lax" version number is a positive decimal number (integer or |
3190 | decimal-fraction) without exponentiation or else a dotted-decimal | |
fa816bf3 FC |
3191 | v-string. If the v-string has fewer than three components, it |
3192 | must have a leading 'v' character. Otherwise, the leading 'v' is | |
3193 | optional. Both decimal and dotted-decimal versions may have a | |
3194 | trailing "alpha" component separated by an underscore character | |
3195 | after a fractional or dotted-decimal component. The parenthesized | |
3196 | text indicates which criteria were not met. See the L<version> module | |
3197 | for more details on allowed version formats. | |
46314c13 | 3198 | |
798ae1b7 DG |
3199 | =item Invalid version object |
3200 | ||
fa816bf3 FC |
3201 | (F) The internal structure of the version object was invalid. |
3202 | Perhaps the internals were modified directly in some way or | |
3203 | an arbitrary reference was blessed into the "version" class. | |
798ae1b7 | 3204 | |
cd209d9d | 3205 | =item In '(*VERB...)', the '(' and '*' must be adjacent in regex; |
e0e4a6e3 | 3206 | marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
675fa9ff | 3207 | |
cc06e157 KW |
3208 | =item Inverting a character class which contains a multi-character |
3209 | sequence is illegal in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ | |
3210 | ||
3211 | (F) You wrote something like | |
3212 | ||
3213 | qr/\P{name=KATAKANA LETTER AINU P}/ | |
3214 | qr/[^\p{name=KATAKANA LETTER AINU P}]/ | |
3215 | ||
3216 | This name actually evaluates to a sequence of two Katakana characters, | |
3217 | not just a single one, and it is illegal to try to take the complement | |
3218 | of a sequence. (Mathematically it would mean any sequence of characters | |
3219 | from 0 to infinity in length that weren't these two in a row, and that | |
3220 | is likely not of any real use.) | |
3221 | ||
edf23316 FC |
3222 | (F) The two-character sequence C<"(*"> in this context in a regular |
3223 | expression pattern should be an indivisible token, with nothing | |
3224 | intervening between the C<"("> and the C<"*">, but you separated them. | |
675fa9ff | 3225 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
3226 | =item ioctl is not implemented |
3227 | ||
3228 | (F) Your machine apparently doesn't implement ioctl(), which is pretty | |
3229 | strange for a machine that supports C. | |
3230 | ||
c289d2f7 JH |
3231 | =item ioctl() on unopened %s |
3232 | ||
3233 | (W unopened) You tried ioctl() on a filehandle that was never opened. | |
34b6fd5e | 3234 | Check your control flow and number of arguments. |
c289d2f7 | 3235 | |
fe13d51d | 3236 | =item IO layers (like '%s') unavailable |
363c40c4 SB |
3237 | |
3238 | (F) Your Perl has not been configured to have PerlIO, and therefore | |
34b6fd5e | 3239 | you cannot use IO layers. To have PerlIO, Perl must be configured |
363c40c4 SB |
3240 | with 'useperlio'. |
3241 | ||
80cbd5ad JH |
3242 | =item IO::Socket::atmark not implemented on this architecture |
3243 | ||
3244 | (F) Your machine doesn't implement the sockatmark() functionality, | |
34b6fd5e | 3245 | neither as a system call nor an ioctl call (SIOCATMARK). |
80cbd5ad | 3246 | |
6e8a73f2 | 3247 | =item '%s' is an unknown bound type in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
64935bc6 KW |
3248 | |
3249 | (F) You used C<\b{...}> or C<\B{...}> and the C<...> is not known to | |
3250 | Perl. The current valid ones are given in | |
3251 | L<perlrebackslash/\b{}, \b, \B{}, \B>. | |
3252 | ||
ac3afc4b YO |
3253 | =item %s is forbidden - matches null string many times in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in |
3254 | m/%s/ | |
3255 | ||
3256 | (F) The pattern you've specified might cause the regular expression to | |
3257 | infinite loop so it is forbidden. The S<<-- HERE> | |
3258 | shows whereabouts in the regular expression the problem was discovered. | |
3259 | See L<perlre>. | |
3260 | ||
1ed4b776 | 3261 | =item %s() isn't allowed on :utf8 handles |
74d1b2e4 | 3262 | |
1ed4b776 TC |
3263 | (F) The sysread(), recv(), syswrite() and send() operators are |
3264 | not allowed on handles that have the C<:utf8> layer, either explicitly, or | |
74d1b2e4 FC |
3265 | implicitly, eg., with the C<:encoding(UTF-16LE)> layer. |
3266 | ||
1ed4b776 TC |
3267 | Previously sysread() and recv() currently use only the C<:utf8> flag for the stream, |
3268 | ignoring the actual layers. Since sysread() and recv() did no UTF-8 | |
74d1b2e4 FC |
3269 | validation they can end up creating invalidly encoded scalars. |
3270 | ||
1ed4b776 TC |
3271 | Similarly, syswrite() and send() used only the C<:utf8> flag, otherwise ignoring |
3272 | any layers. If the flag is set, both wrote the value UTF-8 encoded, even if | |
74d1b2e4 FC |
3273 | the layer is some different encoding, such as the example above. |
3274 | ||
3275 | Ideally, all of these operators would completely ignore the C<:utf8> state, | |
3276 | working only with bytes, but this would result in silently breaking existing | |
1972ac5c A |
3277 | code. |
3278 | ||
d4360efa | 3279 | =item "%s" is more clearly written simply as "%s" in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
acdfc3b6 | 3280 | |
d4360efa | 3281 | (W regexp) (only under C<S<use re 'strict'>> or within C<(?[...])>) |
30b17cc1 | 3282 | |
3f673807 FC |
3283 | You specified a character that has the given plainer way of writing it, and |
3284 | which is also portable to platforms running with different character sets. | |
acdfc3b6 | 3285 | |
dcb414ac | 3286 | =item $* is no longer supported as of Perl 5.30 |
a678626e | 3287 | |
dcb414ac JK |
3288 | (F) The special variable C<$*>, deprecated in older perls, was removed in |
3289 | 5.10.0, is no longer supported and is a fatal error as of Perl 5.30. In | |
a678626e A |
3290 | previous versions of perl the use of C<$*> enabled or disabled multi-line |
3291 | matching within a string. | |
3292 | ||
3293 | Instead of using C<$*> you should use the C</m> (and maybe C</s>) regexp | |
3294 | modifiers. You can enable C</m> for a lexical scope (even a whole file) | |
3295 | with C<use re '/m'>. (In older versions: when C<$*> was set to a true value | |
3296 | then all regular expressions behaved as if they were written using C</m>.) | |
3297 | ||
37398dc1 A |
3298 | Use of this variable will be a fatal error in Perl 5.30. |
3299 | ||
dcb414ac | 3300 | =item $# is no longer supported as of Perl 5.30 |
a678626e | 3301 | |
dcb414ac JK |
3302 | (F) The special variable C<$#>, deprecated in older perls, was removed as of |
3303 | 5.10.0, is no longer supported and is a fatal error as of Perl 5.30. You | |
a678626e A |
3304 | should use the printf/sprintf functions instead. |
3305 | ||
ccf3535a | 3306 | =item '%s' is not a code reference |
6ad11d81 | 3307 | |
6903afa2 FC |
3308 | (W overload) The second (fourth, sixth, ...) argument of |
3309 | overload::constant needs to be a code reference. Either | |
3310 | an anonymous subroutine, or a reference to a subroutine. | |
6ad11d81 | 3311 | |
ccf3535a | 3312 | =item '%s' is not an overloadable type |
6ad11d81 | 3313 | |
04a80ee0 RGS |
3314 | (W overload) You tried to overload a constant type the overload package is |
3315 | unaware of. | |
6ad11d81 | 3316 | |
6a2e756f PE |
3317 | =item '%s' is not recognised as a builtin function |
3318 | ||
3319 | (F) An attempt was made to C<use> the L<builtin> pragma module to create | |
3320 | a lexical alias for an unknown function name. | |
3321 | ||
813e85a0 PE |
3322 | =item isa is experimental |
3323 | ||
3324 | (S experimental::isa) This warning is emitted if you use the (C<isa>) | |
3325 | operator. This operator is currently experimental and its behaviour may | |
3326 | change in future releases of Perl. | |
3327 | ||
5a25739d FC |
3328 | =item -i used with no filenames on the command line, reading from STDIN |
3329 | ||
3330 | (S inplace) The C<-i> option was passed on the command line, indicating | |
3331 | that the script is intended to edit files in place, but no files were | |
3332 | given. This is usually a mistake, since editing STDIN in place doesn't | |
3333 | make sense, and can be confusing because it can make perl look like | |
3334 | it is hanging when it is really just trying to read from STDIN. You | |
3335 | should either pass a filename to edit, or remove C<-i> from the command | |
028611fa | 3336 | line. See L<perlrun|perlrun/-i[extension]> for more details. |
5a25739d | 3337 | |
aec0ef10 | 3338 | =item Junk on end of regexp in regex m/%s/ |
a0d0e21e LW |
3339 | |
3340 | (P) The regular expression parser is confused. | |
3341 | ||
105c827d TC |
3342 | =item \K not permitted in lookahead/lookbehind in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
3343 | ||
64a5950a | 3344 | (F) Your regular expression used C<\K> in a lookahead or lookbehind |
55afc783 TC |
3345 | assertion, which currently isn't permitted. |
3346 | ||
3347 | This may change in the future, see L<Support \K in | |
3348 | lookarounds|https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/18134>. | |
105c827d | 3349 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
3350 | =item Label not found for "last %s" |
3351 | ||
be771a83 GS |
3352 | (F) You named a loop to break out of, but you're not currently in a loop |
3353 | of that name, not even if you count where you were called from. See | |
3354 | L<perlfunc/last>. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
3355 | |
3356 | =item Label not found for "next %s" | |
3357 | ||
3358 | (F) You named a loop to continue, but you're not currently in a loop of | |
3359 | that name, not even if you count where you were called from. See | |
3360 | L<perlfunc/last>. | |
3361 | ||
3362 | =item Label not found for "redo %s" | |
3363 | ||
3364 | (F) You named a loop to restart, but you're not currently in a loop of | |
3365 | that name, not even if you count where you were called from. See | |
3366 | L<perlfunc/last>. | |
3367 | ||
85ab1d1d | 3368 | =item leaving effective %s failed |
5ff3f7a4 | 3369 | |
85ab1d1d | 3370 | (F) While under the C<use filetest> pragma, switching the real and |
5ff3f7a4 GS |
3371 | effective uids or gids failed. |
3372 | ||
49704364 WL |
3373 | =item length/code after end of string in unpack |
3374 | ||
d7f8936a | 3375 | (F) While unpacking, the string buffer was already used up when an unpack |
6903afa2 FC |
3376 | length/code combination tried to obtain more data. This results in |
3377 | an undefined value for the length. See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
49704364 | 3378 | |
25e26107 | 3379 | =item length() used on %s (did you mean "scalar(%s)"?) |
e508c8a4 | 3380 | |
0d46a4e7 FC |
3381 | (W syntax) You used length() on either an array or a hash when you |
3382 | probably wanted a count of the items. | |
e508c8a4 MH |
3383 | |
3384 | Array size can be obtained by doing: | |
3385 | ||
3386 | scalar(@array); | |
3387 | ||
3388 | The number of items in a hash can be obtained by doing: | |
3389 | ||
3390 | scalar(keys %hash); | |
3391 | ||
f0e67a1d Z |
3392 | =item Lexing code attempted to stuff non-Latin-1 character into Latin-1 input |
3393 | ||
d4fe7078 RS |
3394 | (F) An extension is attempting to insert text into the current parse |
3395 | (using L<lex_stuff_pvn|perlapi/lex_stuff_pvn> or similar), but tried to insert a character that | |
3396 | couldn't be part of the current input. This is an inherent pitfall | |
3397 | of the stuffing mechanism, and one of the reasons to avoid it. Where | |
6903afa2 | 3398 | it is necessary to stuff, stuffing only plain ASCII is recommended. |
f0e67a1d Z |
3399 | |
3400 | =item Lexing code internal error (%s) | |
3401 | ||
3402 | (F) Lexing code supplied by an extension violated the lexer's API in a | |
3403 | detectable way. | |
3404 | ||
69282e91 | 3405 | =item listen() on closed socket %s |
a0d0e21e | 3406 | |
be771a83 GS |
3407 | (W closed) You tried to do a listen on a closed socket. Did you forget |
3408 | to check the return value of your socket() call? See | |
3409 | L<perlfunc/listen>. | |
a0d0e21e | 3410 | |
6651ba0b FC |
3411 | =item List form of piped open not implemented |
3412 | ||
3413 | (F) On some platforms, notably Windows, the three-or-more-arguments | |
3414 | form of C<open> does not support pipes, such as C<open($pipe, '|-', @args)>. | |
3415 | Use the two-argument C<open($pipe, '|prog arg1 arg2...')> form instead. | |
3416 | ||
2a6971a9 KW |
3417 | =item Literal vertical space in [] is illegal except under /x in regex; |
3418 | marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ | |
3419 | ||
3420 | (F) (only under C<S<use re 'strict'>> or within C<(?[...])>) | |
3421 | ||
3422 | Likely you forgot the C</x> modifier or there was a typo in the pattern. | |
3423 | For example, did you really mean to match a form-feed? If so, all the | |
3424 | ASCII vertical space control characters are representable by escape | |
3425 | sequences which won't present such a jarring appearance as your pattern | |
3426 | does when displayed. | |
3427 | ||
3428 | \r carriage return | |
3429 | \f form feed | |
3430 | \n line feed | |
3431 | \cK vertical tab | |
3432 | ||
7b6e25e4 | 3433 | =item %s: loadable library and perl binaries are mismatched (got %s handshake key %p, needed %p) |
dc6bb7ba FC |
3434 | |
3435 | (P) A dynamic loading library C<.so> or C<.dll> was being loaded into the | |
3436 | process that was built against a different build of perl than the | |
3437 | said library was compiled against. Reinstalling the XS module will | |
3438 | likely fix this error. | |
3439 | ||
8b7358b9 | 3440 | =item Locale '%s' contains (at least) the following characters which |
f03e1e3a | 3441 | have unexpected meanings: %s The Perl program will use the expected |
8b7358b9 KW |
3442 | meanings |
3443 | ||
3444 | (W locale) You are using the named UTF-8 locale. UTF-8 locales are | |
578a6a87 KW |
3445 | expected to have very particular behavior, which most do. This message |
3446 | arises when perl found some departures from the expectations, and is | |
3447 | notifying you that the expected behavior overrides these differences. | |
3448 | In some cases the differences are caused by the locale definition being | |
3449 | defective, but the most common causes of this warning are when there are | |
3450 | ambiguities and conflicts in following the Standard, and the locale has | |
3451 | chosen an approach that differs from Perl's. | |
3452 | ||
3453 | One of these is because that, contrary to the claims, Unicode is not | |
a2d13ee0 FC |
3454 | completely locale insensitive. Turkish and some related languages |
3455 | have two types of C<"I"> characters. One is dotted in both upper- and | |
578a6a87 KW |
3456 | lowercase, and the other is dotless in both cases. Unicode allows a |
3457 | locale to use either the Turkish rules, or the rules used in all other | |
3458 | instances, where there is only one type of C<"I">, which is dotless in | |
3459 | the uppercase, and dotted in the lower. The perl core does not (yet) | |
3460 | handle the Turkish case, and this message warns you of that. Instead, | |
8b7358b9 KW |
3461 | the L<Unicode::Casing> module allows you to mostly implement the Turkish |
3462 | casing rules. | |
3463 | ||
578a6a87 KW |
3464 | The other common cause is for the characters |
3465 | ||
3466 | $ + < = > ^ ` | ~ | |
3467 | ||
f1460a66 | 3468 | These are problematic. The C standard says that these should be |
578a6a87 | 3469 | considered punctuation in the C locale (and the POSIX standard defers to |
a2d13ee0 FC |
3470 | the C standard), and Unicode is generally considered a superset of |
3471 | the C locale. But Unicode has added an extra category, "Symbol", and | |
578a6a87 KW |
3472 | classifies these particular characters as being symbols. Most UTF-8 |
3473 | locales have them treated as punctuation, so that L<ispunct(2)> returns | |
a2d13ee0 FC |
3474 | non-zero for them. But a few locales have it return 0. Perl takes |
3475 | the first approach, not using C<ispunct()> at all (see L<Note [5] in | |
3476 | perlrecharclass|perlrecharclass/[5]>), and this message is raised to notify you that you | |
3477 | are getting Perl's approach, not the locale's. | |
8b7358b9 | 3478 | |
8c6180a9 KW |
3479 | =item Locale '%s' may not work well.%s |
3480 | ||
780fcc9f | 3481 | (W locale) You are using the named locale, which is a non-UTF-8 one, and |
dae67c56 KW |
3482 | which perl has determined is not fully compatible with what it can |
3483 | handle. The second C<%s> gives a reason. | |
8c6180a9 KW |
3484 | |
3485 | By far the most common reason is that the locale has characters in it | |
3486 | that are represented by more than one byte. The only such locales that | |
3487 | Perl can handle are the UTF-8 locales. Most likely the specified locale | |
3488 | is a non-UTF-8 one for an East Asian language such as Chinese or | |
3489 | Japanese. If the locale is a superset of ASCII, the ASCII portion of it | |
780fcc9f | 3490 | may work in Perl. |
8c6180a9 KW |
3491 | |
3492 | Some essentially obsolete locales that aren't supersets of ASCII, mainly | |
3493 | those in ISO 646 or other 7-bit locales, such as ASMO 449, can also have | |
3494 | problems, depending on what portions of the ASCII character set get | |
3495 | changed by the locale and are also used by the program. | |
3496 | The warning message lists the determinable conflicting characters. | |
3497 | ||
780fcc9f KW |
3498 | Note that not all incompatibilities are found. |
3499 | ||
3500 | If this happens to you, there's not much you can do except switch to use a | |
3501 | different locale or use L<Encode> to translate from the locale into | |
3502 | UTF-8; if that's impracticable, you have been warned that some things | |
3503 | may break. | |
3504 | ||
3505 | This message is output once each time a bad locale is switched into | |
3506 | within the scope of C<S<use locale>>, or on the first possibly-affected | |
3507 | operation if the C<S<use locale>> inherits a bad one. It is not raised | |
3508 | for any operations from the L<POSIX> module. | |
3509 | ||
a2162cd9 FC |
3510 | =item localtime(%f) failed |
3511 | ||
3512 | (W overflow) You called C<localtime> with a number that it could not handle: | |
3513 | too large, too small, or NaN. The returned value is C<undef>. | |
3514 | ||
3515 | =item localtime(%f) too large | |
3516 | ||
3517 | (W overflow) You called C<localtime> with a number that was larger | |
3518 | than it can reliably handle and C<localtime> probably returned the | |
3519 | wrong date. This warning is also triggered with NaN (the special | |
3520 | not-a-number value). | |
3521 | ||
3522 | =item localtime(%f) too small | |
3523 | ||
3524 | (W overflow) You called C<localtime> with a number that was smaller | |
3525 | than it can reliably handle and C<localtime> probably returned the | |
3526 | wrong date. | |
3527 | ||
58e23c8d | 3528 | =item Lookbehind longer than %d not implemented in regex m/%s/ |
b45f050a JF |
3529 | |
3530 | (F) There is currently a limit on the length of string which lookbehind can | |
6903afa2 | 3531 | handle. This restriction may be eased in a future release. |
2e50fd82 | 3532 | |
b88df990 NC |
3533 | =item Lost precision when %s %f by 1 |
3534 | ||
b12f49e1 TK |
3535 | (W imprecision) You attempted to increment or decrement a value by one, |
3536 | but the result is too large for the underlying floating point | |
3537 | representation to store accurately. Hence, the target of C<++> or C<--> | |
3538 | is increased or decreased by quite different value than one, such as | |
3539 | zero (I<i.e.> the target is unchanged) or two, due to rounding. | |
3540 | Perl issues this | |
e63e8a91 FC |
3541 | warning because it has already switched from integers to floating point |
3542 | when values are too large for integers, and now even floating point is | |
3543 | insufficient. You may wish to switch to using L<Math::BigInt> explicitly. | |
b88df990 | 3544 | |
93fad930 | 3545 | =item lstat() on filehandle%s |
2f7da168 RK |
3546 | |
3547 | (W io) You tried to do an lstat on a filehandle. What did you mean | |
3548 | by that? lstat() makes sense only on filenames. (Perl did a fstat() | |
3549 | instead on the filehandle.) | |
3550 | ||
345d70e3 | 3551 | =item lvalue attribute %s already-defined subroutine |
bb3abb05 | 3552 | |
345d70e3 FC |
3553 | (W misc) Although L<attributes.pm|attributes> allows this, turning the lvalue |
3554 | attribute on or off on a Perl subroutine that is already defined | |
3555 | does not always work properly. It may or may not do what you | |
3556 | want, depending on what code is inside the subroutine, with exact | |
3557 | details subject to change between Perl versions. Only do this | |
3558 | if you really know what you are doing. | |
bb3abb05 | 3559 | |
885ef6f5 GG |
3560 | =item lvalue attribute ignored after the subroutine has been defined |
3561 | ||
345d70e3 FC |
3562 | (W misc) Using the C<:lvalue> declarative syntax to make a Perl |
3563 | subroutine an lvalue subroutine after it has been defined is | |
3564 | not permitted. To make the subroutine an lvalue subroutine, | |
3565 | add the lvalue attribute to the definition, or put the C<sub | |
3566 | foo :lvalue;> declaration before the definition. | |
3567 | ||
3568 | See also L<attributes.pm|attributes>. | |
885ef6f5 | 3569 | |
6f1b3ab0 FC |
3570 | =item Magical list constants are not supported |
3571 | ||
3572 | (F) You assigned a magical array to a stash element, and then tried | |
3573 | to use the subroutine from the same slot. You are asking Perl to do | |
3574 | something it cannot do, details subject to change between Perl versions. | |
3575 | ||
2db62bbc | 3576 | =item Malformed integer in [] in pack |
49704364 | 3577 | |
2db62bbc | 3578 | (F) Between the brackets enclosing a numeric repeat count only digits |
49704364 WL |
3579 | are permitted. See L<perlfunc/pack>. |
3580 | ||
3581 | =item Malformed integer in [] in unpack | |
3582 | ||
2db62bbc | 3583 | (F) Between the brackets enclosing a numeric repeat count only digits |
49704364 WL |
3584 | are permitted. See L<perlfunc/pack>. |
3585 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
3586 | =item Malformed PERLLIB_PREFIX |
3587 | ||
3588 | (F) An error peculiar to OS/2. PERLLIB_PREFIX should be of the form | |
3589 | ||
3590 | prefix1;prefix2 | |
3591 | ||
3592 | or | |
6df41af2 GS |
3593 | prefix1 prefix2 |
3594 | ||
be771a83 GS |
3595 | with nonempty prefix1 and prefix2. If C<prefix1> is indeed a prefix of |
3596 | a builtin library search path, prefix2 is substituted. The error may | |
3597 | appear if components are not found, or are too long. See | |
fecfaeb8 | 3598 | "PERLLIB_PREFIX" in L<perlos2>. |
6df41af2 | 3599 | |
2f758a16 ST |
3600 | =item Malformed prototype for %s: %s |
3601 | ||
d37a9538 ST |
3602 | (F) You tried to use a function with a malformed prototype. The |
3603 | syntax of function prototypes is given a brief compile-time check for | |
3604 | obvious errors like invalid characters. A more rigorous check is run | |
3605 | when the function is called. | |
30d9c59b Z |
3606 | Perhaps the function's author was trying to write a subroutine signature |
3607 | but didn't enable that feature first (C<use feature 'signatures'>), | |
3608 | so the signature was instead interpreted as a bad prototype. | |
2f758a16 | 3609 | |
2b5e7bc2 | 3610 | =item Malformed UTF-8 character%s |
ba210ebe | 3611 | |
7cf8d05d KW |
3612 | (S utf8)(F) Perl detected a string that should be UTF-8, but didn't |
3613 | comply with UTF-8 encoding rules, or represents a code point whose | |
3614 | ordinal integer value doesn't fit into the word size of the current | |
3615 | platform (overflows). Details as to the exact malformation are given in | |
3616 | the variable, C<%s>, part of the message. | |
ba210ebe | 3617 | |
2575c402 | 3618 | One possible cause is that you set the UTF8 flag yourself for data that |
3f673807 FC |
3619 | you thought to be in UTF-8 but it wasn't (it was for example legacy 8-bit |
3620 | data). To guard against this, you can use C<Encode::decode('UTF-8', ...)>. | |
2575c402 JW |
3621 | |
3622 | If you use the C<:encoding(UTF-8)> PerlIO layer for input, invalid byte | |
3f673807 FC |
3623 | sequences are handled gracefully, but if you use C<:utf8>, the flag is set |
3624 | without validating the data, possibly resulting in this error message. | |
2575c402 JW |
3625 | |
3626 | See also L<Encode/"Handling Malformed Data">. | |
901b21bf | 3627 | |
bde9e88d | 3628 | =item Malformed UTF-8 returned by \N{%s} immediately after '%s' |
ff3f963a KW |
3629 | |
3630 | (F) The charnames handler returned malformed UTF-8. | |
3631 | ||
714f94d1 FC |
3632 | =item Malformed UTF-8 string in "%s" |
3633 | ||
3634 | (F) This message indicates a bug either in the Perl core or in XS | |
3635 | code. Such code was trying to find out if a character, allegedly | |
3636 | stored internally encoded as UTF-8, was of a given type, such as | |
3637 | being punctuation or a digit. But the character was not encoded | |
3638 | in legal UTF-8. The C<%s> is replaced by a string that can be used | |
3639 | by knowledgeable people to determine what the type being checked | |
3640 | against was. | |
3641 | ||
3642 | Passing malformed strings was deprecated in Perl 5.18, and | |
3643 | became fatal in Perl 5.26. | |
3644 | ||
4a5d3a93 FC |
3645 | =item Malformed UTF-8 string in '%c' format in unpack |
3646 | ||
3647 | (F) You tried to unpack something that didn't comply with UTF-8 encoding | |
3648 | rules and perl was unable to guess how to make more progress. | |
3649 | ||
f337b084 TH |
3650 | =item Malformed UTF-8 string in pack |
3651 | ||
3652 | (F) You tried to pack something that didn't comply with UTF-8 encoding | |
3653 | rules and perl was unable to guess how to make more progress. | |
3654 | ||
3655 | =item Malformed UTF-8 string in unpack | |
3656 | ||
3657 | (F) You tried to unpack something that didn't comply with UTF-8 encoding | |
3658 | rules and perl was unable to guess how to make more progress. | |
3659 | ||
4a5d3a93 | 3660 | =item Malformed UTF-16 surrogate |
f337b084 | 3661 | |
4a5d3a93 FC |
3662 | (F) Perl thought it was reading UTF-16 encoded character data but while |
3663 | doing it Perl met a malformed Unicode surrogate. | |
3664 | ||
30d9c59b Z |
3665 | =item Mandatory parameter follows optional parameter |
3666 | ||
3667 | (F) In a subroutine signature, you wrote something like "$a = undef, | |
3668 | $b", making an earlier parameter optional and a later one mandatory. | |
3669 | Parameters are filled from left to right, so it's impossible for the | |
3670 | caller to omit an earlier one and pass a later one. If you want to act | |
3671 | as if the parameters are filled from right to left, declare the rightmost | |
3672 | optional and then shuffle the parameters around in the subroutine's body. | |
3673 | ||
2d88a86a KW |
3674 | =item Matched non-Unicode code point 0x%X against Unicode property; may |
3675 | not be portable | |
3676 | ||
3677 | (S non_unicode) Perl allows strings to contain a superset of | |
3678 | Unicode code points; each code point may be as large as what is storable | |
0202c428 | 3679 | in a signed integer on your system, but these may not be accepted by |
2d88a86a KW |
3680 | other languages/systems. This message occurs when you matched a string |
3681 | containing such a code point against a regular expression pattern, and | |
3682 | the code point was matched against a Unicode property, C<\p{...}> or | |
3683 | C<\P{...}>. Unicode properties are only defined on Unicode code points, | |
3684 | so the result of this match is undefined by Unicode, but Perl (starting | |
3685 | in v5.20) treats non-Unicode code points as if they were typical | |
3686 | unassigned Unicode ones, and matched this one accordingly. Whether a | |
3687 | given property matches these code points or not is specified in | |
3688 | L<perluniprops/Properties accessible through \p{} and \P{}>. | |
3689 | ||
3690 | This message is suppressed (unless it has been made fatal) if it is | |
3691 | immaterial to the results of the match if the code point is Unicode or | |
3692 | not. For example, the property C<\p{ASCII_Hex_Digit}> only can match | |
3693 | the 22 characters C<[0-9A-Fa-f]>, so obviously all other code points, | |
3694 | Unicode or not, won't match it. (And C<\P{ASCII_Hex_Digit}> will match | |
3695 | every code point except these 22.) | |
3696 | ||
3697 | Getting this message indicates that the outcome of the match arguably | |
3698 | should have been the opposite of what actually happened. If you think | |
3699 | that is the case, you may wish to make the C<non_unicode> warnings | |
3700 | category fatal; if you agree with Perl's decision, you may wish to turn | |
3701 | off this category. | |
3702 | ||
3703 | See L<perlunicode/Beyond Unicode code points> for more information. | |
3704 | ||
e0e4a6e3 FC |
3705 | =item %s matches null string many times in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in |
3706 | m/%s/ | |
4a5d3a93 FC |
3707 | |
3708 | (W regexp) The pattern you've specified would be an infinite loop if the | |
e0e4a6e3 | 3709 | regular expression engine didn't specifically check for that. The S<<-- HERE> |
9e3ec65c | 3710 | shows whereabouts in the regular expression the problem was discovered. |
4a5d3a93 | 3711 | See L<perlre>. |
f337b084 | 3712 | |
de42a5a9 | 3713 | =item Maximal count of pending signals (%u) exceeded |
2563cec5 | 3714 | |
6903afa2 | 3715 | (F) Perl aborted due to too high a number of signals pending. This |
2563cec5 IZ |
3716 | usually indicates that your operating system tried to deliver signals |
3717 | too fast (with a very high priority), starving the perl process from | |
3718 | resources it would need to reach a point where it can process signals | |
6903afa2 | 3719 | safely. (See L<perlipc/"Deferred Signals (Safe Signals)">.) |
2563cec5 | 3720 | |
25f58aea PN |
3721 | =item "%s" may clash with future reserved word |
3722 | ||
3723 | (W) This warning may be due to running a perl5 script through a perl4 | |
3724 | interpreter, especially if the word that is being warned about is | |
3725 | "use" or "my". | |
3726 | ||
0d2487cd | 3727 | =item '%' may not be used in pack |
6df41af2 GS |
3728 | |
3729 | (F) You can't pack a string by supplying a checksum, because the | |
be771a83 GS |
3730 | checksumming process loses information, and you can't go the other way. |
3731 | See L<perlfunc/unpack>. | |
6df41af2 | 3732 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
3733 | =item Method for operation %s not found in package %s during blessing |
3734 | ||
3735 | (F) An attempt was made to specify an entry in an overloading table that | |
e7ea3e70 | 3736 | doesn't resolve to a valid subroutine. See L<overload>. |
a0d0e21e | 3737 | |
3cdd684c TP |
3738 | =item Method %s not permitted |
3739 | ||
3de20fbe | 3740 | See L</500 Server error>. |
3cdd684c | 3741 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
3742 | =item Might be a runaway multi-line %s string starting on line %d |
3743 | ||
3744 | (S) An advisory indicating that the previous error may have been caused | |
3745 | by a missing delimiter on a string or pattern, because it eventually | |
3746 | ended earlier on the current line. | |
3747 | ||
3748 | =item Misplaced _ in number | |
3749 | ||
d4ced10d JH |
3750 | (W syntax) An underscore (underbar) in a numeric constant did not |
3751 | separate two digits. | |
a0d0e21e | 3752 | |
0ea23158 DM |
3753 | =item Missing argument for %n in %s |
3754 | ||
3755 | (F) A C<%n> was used in a format string with no corresponding argument for | |
3756 | perl to write the current string length to. | |
3757 | ||
7baa4690 HS |
3758 | =item Missing argument in %s |
3759 | ||
3664866e AB |
3760 | (W missing) You called a function with fewer arguments than other |
3761 | arguments you supplied indicated would be needed. | |
3762 | ||
3763 | Currently only emitted when a printf-type format required more | |
3764 | arguments than were supplied, but might be used in the future for | |
3765 | other cases where we can statically determine that arguments to | |
3766 | functions are missing, e.g. for the L<perlfunc/pack> function. | |
7baa4690 | 3767 | |
9e81e6a1 RGS |
3768 | =item Missing argument to -%c |
3769 | ||
3770 | (F) The argument to the indicated command line switch must follow | |
3771 | immediately after the switch, without intervening spaces. | |
3772 | ||
ff3f963a | 3773 | =item Missing braces on \N{} |
423cee85 | 3774 | |
e0e4a6e3 | 3775 | =item Missing braces on \N{} in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
aec0ef10 | 3776 | |
4a2d328f | 3777 | (F) Wrong syntax of character name literal C<\N{charname}> within |
532cb70d FC |
3778 | double-quotish context. This can also happen when there is a space |
3779 | (or comment) between the C<\N> and the C<{> in a regex with the C</x> modifier. | |
3780 | This modifier does not change the requirement that the brace immediately | |
3781 | follow the C<\N>. | |
423cee85 | 3782 | |
f0a2b745 KW |
3783 | =item Missing braces on \o{} |
3784 | ||
3785 | (F) A C<\o> must be followed immediately by a C<{> in double-quotish context. | |
3786 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
3787 | =item Missing comma after first argument to %s function |
3788 | ||
3789 | (F) While certain functions allow you to specify a filehandle or an | |
3790 | "indirect object" before the argument list, this ain't one of them. | |
3791 | ||
06eaf0bc GS |
3792 | =item Missing command in piped open |
3793 | ||
be771a83 GS |
3794 | (W pipe) You used the C<open(FH, "| command")> or |
3795 | C<open(FH, "command |")> construction, but the command was missing or | |
3796 | blank. | |
06eaf0bc | 3797 | |
961ce445 RGS |
3798 | =item Missing control char name in \c |
3799 | ||
3800 | (F) A double-quoted string ended with "\c", without the required control | |
3801 | character name. | |
3802 | ||
591f5ca2 FC |
3803 | =item Missing ']' in prototype for %s : %s |
3804 | ||
bfe11873 | 3805 | (W illegalproto) A grouping was started with C<[> but never closed with C<]>. |
591f5ca2 | 3806 | |
8767b1ab | 3807 | =item Missing name in "%s sub" |
6df41af2 | 3808 | |
87444db5 | 3809 | (F) The syntax for lexically scoped subroutines requires that |
be771a83 | 3810 | they have a name with which they can be found. |
6df41af2 GS |
3811 | |
3812 | =item Missing $ on loop variable | |
3813 | ||
be771a83 GS |
3814 | (F) Apparently you've been programming in B<csh> too much. Variables |
3815 | are always mentioned with the $ in Perl, unlike in the shells, where it | |
3816 | can vary from one line to the next. | |
6df41af2 | 3817 | |
cc507455 | 3818 | =item (Missing operator before %s?) |
748a9306 | 3819 | |
56da5a46 RGS |
3820 | (S syntax) This is an educated guess made in conjunction with the message |
3821 | "%s found where operator expected". Often the missing operator is a comma. | |
748a9306 | 3822 | |
33fe1955 | 3823 | =item Missing or undefined argument to %s |
f51551f7 | 3824 | |
33fe1955 | 3825 | (F) You tried to call require or do with no argument or with an undefined |
f51551f7 | 3826 | value as an argument. Require expects either a package name or a |
33fe1955 LM |
3827 | file-specification as an argument; do expects a filename. See |
3828 | L<perlfunc/require EXPR> and L<perlfunc/do EXPR>. | |
f51551f7 | 3829 | |
e0e4a6e3 | 3830 | =item Missing right brace on \%c{} in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
ab13f0c7 | 3831 | |
ff3f963a KW |
3832 | (F) Missing right brace in C<\x{...}>, C<\p{...}>, C<\P{...}>, or C<\N{...}>. |
3833 | ||
605eee60 | 3834 | =item Missing right brace on \N{} |
faad849d | 3835 | |
4a68bf9d | 3836 | =item Missing right brace on \N{} or unescaped left brace after \N |
ff3f963a | 3837 | |
d32207c9 FC |
3838 | (F) C<\N> has two meanings. |
3839 | ||
3840 | The traditional one has it followed by a name enclosed in braces, | |
3841 | meaning the character (or sequence of characters) given by that | |
fa816bf3 | 3842 | name. Thus C<\N{ASTERISK}> is another way of writing C<*>, valid in both |
d32207c9 FC |
3843 | double-quoted strings and regular expression patterns. In patterns, |
3844 | it doesn't have the meaning an unescaped C<*> does. | |
3845 | ||
3846 | Starting in Perl 5.12.0, C<\N> also can have an additional meaning (only) | |
3847 | in patterns, namely to match a non-newline character. (This is short | |
3848 | for C<[^\n]>, and like C<.> but is not affected by the C</s> regex modifier.) | |
3849 | ||
3850 | This can lead to some ambiguities. When C<\N> is not followed immediately | |
3851 | by a left brace, Perl assumes the C<[^\n]> meaning. Also, if the braces | |
3852 | form a valid quantifier such as C<\N{3}> or C<\N{5,}>, Perl assumes that this | |
3853 | means to match the given quantity of non-newlines (in these examples, | |
3854 | 3; and 5 or more, respectively). In all other case, where there is a | |
3855 | C<\N{> and a matching C<}>, Perl assumes that a character name is desired. | |
3856 | ||
3857 | However, if there is no matching C<}>, Perl doesn't know if it was | |
3858 | mistakenly omitted, or if C<[^\n]{> was desired, and raises this error. | |
3859 | If you meant the former, add the right brace; if you meant the latter, | |
3860 | escape the brace with a backslash, like so: C<\N\{> | |
ab13f0c7 | 3861 | |
d98d5fff | 3862 | =item Missing right curly or square bracket |
a0d0e21e | 3863 | |
be771a83 GS |
3864 | (F) The lexer counted more opening curly or square brackets than closing |
3865 | ones. As a general rule, you'll find it's missing near the place you | |
3866 | were last editing. | |
a0d0e21e | 3867 | |
6df41af2 GS |
3868 | =item (Missing semicolon on previous line?) |
3869 | ||
56da5a46 RGS |
3870 | (S syntax) This is an educated guess made in conjunction with the message |
3871 | "%s found where operator expected". Don't automatically put a semicolon on | |
6df41af2 GS |
3872 | the previous line just because you saw this message. |
3873 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
3874 | =item Modification of a read-only value attempted |
3875 | ||
3876 | (F) You tried, directly or indirectly, to change the value of a | |
5f05dabc | 3877 | constant. You didn't, of course, try "2 = 1", because the compiler |
a0d0e21e LW |
3878 | catches that. But an easy way to do the same thing is: |
3879 | ||
3880 | sub mod { $_[0] = 1 } | |
3881 | mod(2); | |
3882 | ||
3883 | Another way is to assign to a substr() that's off the end of the string. | |
3884 | ||
c5674021 |
3885 | Yet another way is to assign to a C<foreach> loop I<VAR> when I<VAR> |
3886 | is aliased to a constant in the look I<LIST>: | |
3887 | ||
b7e4ecc1 FC |
3888 | $x = 1; |
3889 | foreach my $n ($x, 2) { | |
3890 | $n *= 2; # modifies the $x, but fails on attempt to | |
3891 | } # modify the 2 | |
c5674021 | 3892 | |
02e314e7 TC |
3893 | L<PerlIO::scalar> will also produce this message as a warning if you |
3894 | attempt to open a read-only scalar for writing. | |
3895 | ||
7a4340ed | 3896 | =item Modification of non-creatable array value attempted, %s |
a0d0e21e LW |
3897 | |
3898 | (F) You tried to make an array value spring into existence, and the | |
3899 | subscript was probably negative, even counting from end of the array | |
3900 | backwards. | |
3901 | ||
7a4340ed | 3902 | =item Modification of non-creatable hash value attempted, %s |
a0d0e21e | 3903 | |
be771a83 GS |
3904 | (P) You tried to make a hash value spring into existence, and it |
3905 | couldn't be created for some peculiar reason. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
3906 | |
3907 | =item Module name must be constant | |
3908 | ||
3909 | (F) Only a bare module name is allowed as the first argument to a "use". | |
3910 | ||
be98fb35 | 3911 | =item Module name required with -%c option |
6df41af2 | 3912 | |
be98fb35 | 3913 | (F) The C<-M> or C<-m> options say that Perl should load some module, but |
028611fa DB |
3914 | you omitted the name of the module. Consult |
3915 | L<perlrun|perlrun/-m[-]module> for full details about C<-M> and C<-m>. | |
6df41af2 | 3916 | |
fe13d51d | 3917 | =item More than one argument to '%s' open |
ed9aa3b7 | 3918 | |
6903afa2 | 3919 | (F) The C<open> function has been asked to open multiple files. This |
ed9aa3b7 SG |
3920 | can happen if you are trying to open a pipe to a command that takes a |
3921 | list of arguments, but have forgotten to specify a piped open mode. | |
3922 | See L<perlfunc/open> for details. | |
3923 | ||
85396b18 FC |
3924 | =item mprotect for COW string %p %u failed with %d |
3925 | ||
3926 | (S) You compiled perl with B<-D>PERL_DEBUG_READONLY_COW (see | |
3927 | L<perlguts/"Copy on Write">), but a shared string buffer | |
3928 | could not be made read-only. | |
3929 | ||
92951bce FC |
3930 | =item mprotect for %p %u failed with %d |
3931 | ||
85396b18 FC |
3932 | (S) You compiled perl with B<-D>PERL_DEBUG_READONLY_OPS (see L<perlhacktips>), |
3933 | but an op tree could not be made read-only. | |
3934 | ||
3935 | =item mprotect RW for COW string %p %u failed with %d | |
3936 | ||
3937 | (S) You compiled perl with B<-D>PERL_DEBUG_READONLY_COW (see | |
3938 | L<perlguts/"Copy on Write">), but a read-only shared string | |
3939 | buffer could not be made mutable. | |
3940 | ||
92951bce FC |
3941 | =item mprotect RW for %p %u failed with %d |
3942 | ||
3943 | (S) You compiled perl with B<-D>PERL_DEBUG_READONLY_OPS (see | |
85396b18 FC |
3944 | L<perlhacktips>), but a read-only op tree could not be made |
3945 | mutable before freeing the ops. | |
92951bce | 3946 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
3947 | =item msg%s not implemented |
3948 | ||
3949 | (F) You don't have System V message IPC on your system. | |
3950 | ||
1ad5a39c TC |
3951 | =item Multidimensional hash lookup is disabled |
3952 | ||
3953 | (F) You supplied a list of subscripts to a hash lookup under | |
3954 | C<< no feature "multidimensional"; >>, eg: | |
3955 | ||
3956 | $z = $foo{$x, $y}; | |
3957 | ||
3958 | which by default acts like: | |
3959 | ||
3960 | $z = $foo{join($;, $x, $y)}; | |
3961 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
3962 | =item Multidimensional syntax %s not supported |
3963 | ||
75b44862 GS |
3964 | (W syntax) Multidimensional arrays aren't written like C<$foo[1,2,3]>. |
3965 | They're written like C<$foo[1][2][3]>, as in C. | |
8b1a09fc | 3966 | |
d3d9da4a DM |
3967 | =item Multiple slurpy parameters not allowed |
3968 | ||
3969 | (F) In subroutine signatures, a slurpy parameter (C<@> or C<%>) must be | |
3970 | the last parameter, and there must not be more than one of them; for | |
3971 | example: | |
3972 | ||
3973 | sub foo ($a, @b) {} # legal | |
3974 | sub foo ($a, @b, %) {} # invalid | |
3975 | ||
49704364 | 3976 | =item '/' must follow a numeric type in unpack |
6df41af2 | 3977 | |
49704364 WL |
3978 | (F) You had an unpack template that contained a '/', but this did not |
3979 | follow some unpack specification producing a numeric value. | |
3980 | See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
6df41af2 | 3981 | |
c869951c | 3982 | =item %s must not be a named sequence in transliteration operator |
f4240379 KW |
3983 | |
3984 | (F) Transliteration (C<tr///> and C<y///>) transliterates individual | |
3985 | characters. But a named sequence by definition is more than an | |
dabde021 | 3986 | individual character, and hence doing this operation on it doesn't make |
f4240379 KW |
3987 | sense. |
3988 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
3989 | =item "my sub" not yet implemented |
3990 | ||
be771a83 GS |
3991 | (F) Lexically scoped subroutines are not yet implemented. Don't try |
3992 | that yet. | |
6df41af2 | 3993 | |
a21eb52b FC |
3994 | =item "my" subroutine %s can't be in a package |
3995 | ||
3996 | (F) Lexically scoped subroutines aren't in a package, so it doesn't make | |
3997 | sense to try to declare one with a package qualifier on the front. | |
3998 | ||
5a25739d FC |
3999 | =item "my %s" used in sort comparison |
4000 | ||
4001 | (W syntax) The package variables $a and $b are used for sort comparisons. | |
4002 | You used $a or $b in as an operand to the C<< <=> >> or C<cmp> operator inside a | |
4003 | sort comparison block, and the variable had earlier been declared as a | |
4004 | lexical variable. Either qualify the sort variable with the package | |
4005 | name, or rename the lexical variable. | |
4006 | ||
fd1b7234 | 4007 | =item "my" variable %s can't be in a package |
6df41af2 | 4008 | |
be771a83 GS |
4009 | (F) Lexically scoped variables aren't in a package, so it doesn't make |
4010 | sense to try to declare one with a package qualifier on the front. Use | |
4011 | local() if you want to localize a package variable. | |
09bef843 | 4012 | |
8149aa9f FC |
4013 | =item Name "%s::%s" used only once: possible typo |
4014 | ||
c59aba6c FC |
4015 | (W once) Typographical errors often show up as unique variable |
4016 | names. If you had a good reason for having a unique name, then | |
4017 | just mention it again somehow to suppress the message. The C<our> | |
08a33b6b | 4018 | declaration is also provided for this purpose. |
c59aba6c | 4019 | |
66a1f5ec FC |
4020 | NOTE: This warning detects package symbols that have been used |
4021 | only once. This means lexical variables will never trigger this | |
4022 | warning. It also means that all of the package variables $c, @c, | |
4023 | %c, as well as *c, &c, sub c{}, c(), and c (the filehandle or | |
c59aba6c FC |
4024 | format) are considered the same; if a program uses $c only once |
4025 | but also uses any of the others it will not trigger this warning. | |
4026 | Symbols beginning with an underscore and symbols using special | |
4027 | identifiers (q.v. L<perldata>) are exempt from this warning. | |
8149aa9f | 4028 | |
e0e4a6e3 | 4029 | =item Need exactly 3 octal digits in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
0d0b4b3b KW |
4030 | |
4031 | (F) Within S<C<(?[ ])>>, all constants interpreted as octal need to be | |
4032 | exactly 3 digits long. This helps catch some ambiguities. If your | |
4033 | constant is too short, add leading zeros, like | |
4034 | ||
4035 | (?[ [ \078 ] ]) # Syntax error! | |
4036 | (?[ [ \0078 ] ]) # Works | |
4037 | (?[ [ \007 8 ] ]) # Clearer | |
4038 | ||
4039 | The maximum number this construct can express is C<\777>. If you | |
675fa9ff FC |
4040 | need a larger one, you need to use L<\o{}|perlrebackslash/Octal escapes> instead. If you meant |
4041 | two separate things, you need to separate them: | |
0d0b4b3b KW |
4042 | |
4043 | (?[ [ \7776 ] ]) # Syntax error! | |
4044 | (?[ [ \o{7776} ] ]) # One meaning | |
4045 | (?[ [ \777 6 ] ]) # Another meaning | |
4046 | (?[ [ \777 \006 ] ]) # Still another | |
4047 | ||
49704364 WL |
4048 | =item Negative '/' count in unpack |
4049 | ||
4050 | (F) The length count obtained from a length/code unpack operation was | |
4051 | negative. See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
4052 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
4053 | =item Negative length |
4054 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4055 | (F) You tried to do a read/write/send/recv operation with a buffer |
4056 | length that is less than 0. This is difficult to imagine. | |
a0d0e21e | 4057 | |
ed9aa3b7 SG |
4058 | =item Negative offset to vec in lvalue context |
4059 | ||
4060 | (F) When C<vec> is called in an lvalue context, the second argument must be | |
4061 | greater than or equal to zero. | |
4062 | ||
b3211734 KW |
4063 | =item Negative repeat count does nothing |
4064 | ||
4065 | (W numeric) You tried to execute the | |
4066 | L<C<x>|perlop/Multiplicative Operators> repetition operator fewer than 0 | |
4067 | times, which doesn't make sense. | |
4068 | ||
e0e4a6e3 | 4069 | =item Nested quantifiers in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
a0d0e21e | 4070 | |
6903afa2 | 4071 | (F) You can't quantify a quantifier without intervening parentheses. |
e0e4a6e3 | 4072 | So things like ** or +* or ?* are illegal. The S<<-- HERE> shows |
9e3ec65c | 4073 | whereabouts in the regular expression the problem was discovered. |
a0d0e21e | 4074 | |
7253e4e3 | 4075 | Note that the minimal matching quantifiers, C<*?>, C<+?>, and |
be771a83 | 4076 | C<??> appear to be nested quantifiers, but aren't. See L<perlre>. |
a0d0e21e | 4077 | |
6df41af2 | 4078 | =item %s never introduced |
a0d0e21e | 4079 | |
be771a83 GS |
4080 | (S internal) The symbol in question was declared but somehow went out of |
4081 | scope before it could possibly have been used. | |
a0d0e21e | 4082 | |
2c7d6b9c RGS |
4083 | =item next::method/next::can/maybe::next::method cannot find enclosing method |
4084 | ||
4085 | (F) C<next::method> needs to be called within the context of a | |
4086 | real method in a real package, and it could not find such a context. | |
4087 | See L<mro>. | |
4088 | ||
5a25739d | 4089 | =item \N in a character class must be a named character: \N{...} in regex; |
e0e4a6e3 | 4090 | marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
5a25739d | 4091 | |
32a77fbe FC |
4092 | (F) The new (as of Perl 5.12) meaning of C<\N> as C<[^\n]> is not valid in a |
4093 | bracketed character class, for the same reason that C<.> in a character | |
4094 | class loses its specialness: it matches almost everything, which is | |
4095 | probably not what you want. | |
5a25739d | 4096 | |
1a7108fe | 4097 | =item \N{} here is restricted to one character in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
0b4ce96d | 4098 | |
f3ba6905 FC |
4099 | (F) Named Unicode character escapes (C<\N{...}>) may return a |
4100 | multi-character sequence. Even though a character class is | |
4101 | supposed to match just one character of input, perl will match the | |
bc035eed KW |
4102 | whole thing correctly, except under certain conditions. These currently |
4103 | are | |
4104 | ||
4105 | =over 4 | |
4106 | ||
4107 | =item When the class is inverted (C<[^...]>) | |
4108 | ||
4109 | The mathematically logical behavior for what matches when inverting | |
f3ba6905 | 4110 | is very different from what people expect, so we have decided to |
bc035eed KW |
4111 | forbid it. |
4112 | ||
4113 | =item The escape is the beginning or final end point of a range | |
4114 | ||
4115 | Similarly unclear is what should be generated when the | |
f3ba6905 | 4116 | C<\N{...}> is used as one of the end points of the range, such as in |
8f0cd35a KW |
4117 | |
4118 | [\x{41}-\N{ARABIC SEQUENCE YEH WITH HAMZA ABOVE WITH AE}] | |
4119 | ||
f3ba6905 FC |
4120 | What is meant here is unclear, as the C<\N{...}> escape is a sequence |
4121 | of code points, so this is made an error. | |
0b4ce96d | 4122 | |
bc035eed KW |
4123 | =item In a regex set |
4124 | ||
4125 | The syntax S<C<(?[ ])>> in a regular expression yields a list of | |
4126 | single code points, none can be a sequence. | |
4127 | ||
4128 | =back | |
4129 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
4130 | =item No %s allowed while running setuid |
4131 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4132 | (F) Certain operations are deemed to be too insecure for a setuid or |
4133 | setgid script to even be allowed to attempt. Generally speaking there | |
4134 | will be another way to do what you want that is, if not secure, at least | |
4135 | securable. See L<perlsec>. | |
a0d0e21e | 4136 | |
6651ba0b FC |
4137 | =item No code specified for -%c |
4138 | ||
4139 | (F) Perl's B<-e> and B<-E> command-line options require an argument. If | |
4140 | you want to run an empty program, pass the empty string as a separate | |
4141 | argument or run a program consisting of a single 0 or 1: | |
4142 | ||
4143 | perl -e "" | |
4144 | perl -e0 | |
4145 | perl -e1 | |
4146 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
4147 | =item No comma allowed after %s |
4148 | ||
6903afa2 FC |
4149 | (F) A list operator that has a filehandle or "indirect object" is |
4150 | not allowed to have a comma between that and the following arguments. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
4151 | Otherwise it'd be just another one of the arguments. |
4152 | ||
6903afa2 FC |
4153 | One possible cause for this is that you expected to have imported |
4154 | a constant to your name space with B<use> or B<import> while no such | |
4155 | importing took place, it may for example be that your operating | |
4156 | system does not support that particular constant. Hopefully you did | |
4157 | use an explicit import list for the constants you expect to see; | |
4158 | please see L<perlfunc/use> and L<perlfunc/import>. While an | |
4159 | explicit import list would probably have caught this error earlier | |
4160 | it naturally does not remedy the fact that your operating system | |
4161 | still does not support that constant. Maybe you have a typo in | |
4162 | the constants of the symbol import list of B<use> or B<import> or in the | |
4163 | constant name at the line where this error was triggered? | |
0a753a76 | 4164 | |
748a9306 LW |
4165 | =item No command into which to pipe on command line |
4166 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4167 | (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl handles its own command line |
4168 | redirection, and found a '|' at the end of the command line, so it | |
4169 | doesn't know where you want to pipe the output from this command. | |
748a9306 | 4170 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
4171 | =item No DB::DB routine defined |
4172 | ||
be771a83 | 4173 | (F) The currently executing code was compiled with the B<-d> switch, but |
f7af5ce1 | 4174 | for some reason the current debugger (e.g. F<perl5db.pl> or a C<Devel::> |
ccafdc96 RGS |
4175 | module) didn't define a routine to be called at the beginning of each |
4176 | statement. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
4177 | |
4178 | =item No dbm on this machine | |
4179 | ||
4180 | (P) This is counted as an internal error, because every machine should | |
5f05dabc | 4181 | supply dbm nowadays, because Perl comes with SDBM. See L<SDBM_File>. |
a0d0e21e | 4182 | |
ccafdc96 | 4183 | =item No DB::sub routine defined |
a0d0e21e | 4184 | |
ccafdc96 RGS |
4185 | (F) The currently executing code was compiled with the B<-d> switch, but |
4186 | for some reason the current debugger (e.g. F<perl5db.pl> or a C<Devel::> | |
4187 | module) didn't define a C<DB::sub> routine to be called at the beginning | |
4188 | of each ordinary subroutine call. | |
a0d0e21e | 4189 | |
1ef28cc3 TC |
4190 | =item No digits found for %s literal |
4191 | ||
4192 | (F) No hexadecimal digits were found following C<0x> or no binary digits | |
4193 | were found following C<0b>. | |
4194 | ||
6651ba0b FC |
4195 | =item No directory specified for -I |
4196 | ||
4197 | (F) The B<-I> command-line switch requires a directory name as part of the | |
4198 | I<same> argument. Use B<-Ilib>, for instance. B<-I lib> won't work. | |
4199 | ||
c47ff5f1 | 4200 | =item No error file after 2> or 2>> on command line |
748a9306 | 4201 | |
be771a83 GS |
4202 | (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl handles its own command line |
4203 | redirection, and found a '2>' or a '2>>' on the command line, but can't | |
4204 | find the name of the file to which to write data destined for stderr. | |
748a9306 | 4205 | |
49704364 WL |
4206 | =item No group ending character '%c' found in template |
4207 | ||
4208 | (F) A pack or unpack template has an opening '(' or '[' without its | |
6903afa2 | 4209 | matching counterpart. See L<perlfunc/pack>. |
49704364 | 4210 | |
c47ff5f1 | 4211 | =item No input file after < on command line |
748a9306 | 4212 | |
be771a83 GS |
4213 | (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl handles its own command line |
4214 | redirection, and found a '<' on the command line, but can't find the | |
4215 | name of the file from which to read data for stdin. | |
748a9306 | 4216 | |
2c7d6b9c RGS |
4217 | =item No next::method '%s' found for %s |
4218 | ||
4219 | (F) C<next::method> found no further instances of this method name | |
4220 | in the remaining packages of the MRO of this class. If you don't want | |
4221 | it throwing an exception, use C<maybe::next::method> | |
fa816bf3 | 4222 | or C<next::can>. See L<mro>. |
2c7d6b9c | 4223 | |
02a7a248 JH |
4224 | =item Non-finite repeat count does nothing |
4225 | ||
4226 | (W numeric) You tried to execute the | |
8a737443 FC |
4227 | L<C<x>|perlop/Multiplicative Operators> repetition operator C<Inf> (or |
4228 | C<-Inf>) or C<NaN> times, which doesn't make sense. | |
02a7a248 | 4229 | |
e0e4a6e3 | 4230 | =item Non-hex character in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
675fa9ff FC |
4231 | |
4232 | (F) In a regular expression, there was a non-hexadecimal character where | |
4233 | a hex one was expected, like | |
4234 | ||
4235 | (?[ [ \xDG ] ]) | |
4236 | (?[ [ \x{DEKA} ] ]) | |
4237 | ||
8d1e72f0 KW |
4238 | =item Non-hex character '%c' terminates \x early. Resolved as "%s" |
4239 | ||
4240 | (W digit) In parsing a hexadecimal numeric constant, a character was | |
4241 | unexpectedly encountered that isn't hexadecimal. The resulting value | |
4242 | is as indicated. | |
4243 | ||
4244 | Note that, within braces, every character starting with the first | |
4245 | non-hexadecimal up to the ending brace is ignored. | |
4246 | ||
e0e4a6e3 | 4247 | =item Non-octal character in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
675fa9ff FC |
4248 | |
4249 | (F) In a regular expression, there was a non-octal character where | |
4250 | an octal one was expected, like | |
4251 | ||
4252 | (?[ [ \o{1278} ] ]) | |
4253 | ||
8d1e72f0 | 4254 | =item Non-octal character '%c' terminates \o early. Resolved as "%s" |
675fa9ff FC |
4255 | |
4256 | (W digit) In parsing an octal numeric constant, a character was | |
4257 | unexpectedly encountered that isn't octal. The resulting value | |
4258 | is as indicated. | |
4259 | ||
fcc04d73 KW |
4260 | When not using C<\o{...}>, you wrote something like C<\08>, or C<\179> |
4261 | in a double-quotish string. The resolution is as indicated, with all | |
4262 | but the last digit treated as a single character, specified in octal. | |
4263 | The last digit is the next character in the string. To tell Perl that | |
4264 | this is indeed what you want, you can use the C<\o{ }> syntax, or use | |
4265 | exactly three digits to specify the octal for the character. | |
4266 | ||
8d1e72f0 KW |
4267 | Note that, within braces, every character starting with the first |
4268 | non-octal up to the ending brace is ignored. | |
4269 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
4270 | =item "no" not allowed in expression |
4271 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4272 | (F) The "no" keyword is recognized and executed at compile time, and |
4273 | returns no useful value. See L<perlmod>. | |
6df41af2 | 4274 | |
675fa9ff FC |
4275 | =item Non-string passed as bitmask |
4276 | ||
4277 | (W misc) A number has been passed as a bitmask argument to select(). | |
4278 | Use the vec() function to construct the file descriptor bitmasks for | |
4279 | select. See L<perlfunc/select>. | |
4280 | ||
c47ff5f1 | 4281 | =item No output file after > on command line |
748a9306 | 4282 | |
be771a83 GS |
4283 | (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl handles its own command line |
4284 | redirection, and found a lone '>' at the end of the command line, so it | |
4285 | doesn't know where you wanted to redirect stdout. | |
748a9306 | 4286 | |
c47ff5f1 | 4287 | =item No output file after > or >> on command line |
748a9306 | 4288 | |
be771a83 GS |
4289 | (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl handles its own command line |
4290 | redirection, and found a '>' or a '>>' on the command line, but can't | |
4291 | find the name of the file to which to write data destined for stdout. | |
748a9306 | 4292 | |
8d9d0498 FC |
4293 | =item No package name allowed for subroutine %s in "our" |
4294 | ||
1ec3e8de GS |
4295 | =item No package name allowed for variable %s in "our" |
4296 | ||
8d9d0498 FC |
4297 | (F) Fully qualified subroutine and variable names are not allowed in "our" |
4298 | declarations, because that doesn't make much sense under existing rules. | |
4299 | Such syntax is reserved for future extensions. | |
1ec3e8de | 4300 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
4301 | =item No Perl script found in input |
4302 | ||
4303 | (F) You called C<perl -x>, but no line was found in the file beginning | |
4304 | with #! and containing the word "perl". | |
4305 | ||
4306 | =item No setregid available | |
4307 | ||
4308 | (F) Configure didn't find anything resembling the setregid() call for | |
4309 | your system. | |
4310 | ||
4311 | =item No setreuid available | |
4312 | ||
4313 | (F) Configure didn't find anything resembling the setreuid() call for | |
4314 | your system. | |
4315 | ||
5a25739d FC |
4316 | =item No such class %s |
4317 | ||
4318 | (F) You provided a class qualifier in a "my", "our" or "state" | |
4319 | declaration, but this class doesn't exist at this point in your program. | |
4320 | ||
e75d1f10 RD |
4321 | =item No such class field "%s" in variable %s of type %s |
4322 | ||
b7e4ecc1 FC |
4323 | (F) You tried to access a key from a hash through the indicated typed |
4324 | variable but that key is not allowed by the package of the same type. | |
4325 | The indicated package has restricted the set of allowed keys using the | |
4326 | L<fields> pragma. | |
e75d1f10 | 4327 | |
3c20a832 SP |
4328 | =item No such hook: %s |
4329 | ||
dc7e5945 FC |
4330 | (F) You specified a signal hook that was not recognized by Perl. |
4331 | Currently, Perl accepts C<__DIE__> and C<__WARN__> as valid signal hooks. | |
3c20a832 | 4332 | |
6df41af2 GS |
4333 | =item No such pipe open |
4334 | ||
4335 | (P) An error peculiar to VMS. The internal routine my_pclose() tried to | |
be771a83 GS |
4336 | close a pipe which hadn't been opened. This should have been caught |
4337 | earlier as an attempt to close an unopened filehandle. | |
6df41af2 | 4338 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
4339 | =item No such signal: SIG%s |
4340 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4341 | (W signal) You specified a signal name as a subscript to %SIG that was |
4342 | not recognized. Say C<kill -l> in your shell to see the valid signal | |
4343 | names on your system. | |
a0d0e21e | 4344 | |
1532347b KW |
4345 | =item No Unicode property value wildcard matches: |
4346 | ||
4347 | (W regexp) You specified a wildcard for a Unicode property value, but | |
4348 | there is no property value in the current Unicode release that matches | |
4349 | it. Check your spelling. | |
4350 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
4351 | =item Not a CODE reference |
4352 | ||
4353 | (F) Perl was trying to evaluate a reference to a code value (that is, a | |
4354 | subroutine), but found a reference to something else instead. You can | |
be771a83 GS |
4355 | use the ref() function to find out what kind of ref it really was. See |
4356 | also L<perlref>. | |
a0d0e21e | 4357 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
4358 | =item Not a GLOB reference |
4359 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4360 | (F) Perl was trying to evaluate a reference to a "typeglob" (that is, a |
4361 | symbol table entry that looks like C<*foo>), but found a reference to | |
4362 | something else instead. You can use the ref() function to find out what | |
4363 | kind of ref it really was. See L<perlref>. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
4364 | |
4365 | =item Not a HASH reference | |
4366 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4367 | (F) Perl was trying to evaluate a reference to a hash value, but found a |
4368 | reference to something else instead. You can use the ref() function to | |
4369 | find out what kind of ref it really was. See L<perlref>. | |
a0d0e21e | 4370 | |
b913d0b8 FC |
4371 | =item '#' not allowed immediately following a sigil in a subroutine signature |
4372 | ||
4373 | (F) In a subroutine signature definition, a comment following a sigil | |
dabde021 | 4374 | (C<$>, C<@> or C<%>), needs to be separated by whitespace or a comma etc., in |
b913d0b8 FC |
4375 | particular to avoid confusion with the C<$#> variable. For example: |
4376 | ||
4377 | # bad | |
4378 | sub f ($# ignore first arg | |
4379 | , $b) {} | |
4380 | # good | |
4381 | sub f ($, # ignore first arg | |
4382 | $b) {} | |
4383 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
4384 | =item Not an ARRAY reference |
4385 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4386 | (F) Perl was trying to evaluate a reference to an array value, but found |
4387 | a reference to something else instead. You can use the ref() function | |
4388 | to find out what kind of ref it really was. See L<perlref>. | |
6df41af2 | 4389 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
4390 | =item Not a SCALAR reference |
4391 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4392 | (F) Perl was trying to evaluate a reference to a scalar value, but found |
4393 | a reference to something else instead. You can use the ref() function | |
4394 | to find out what kind of ref it really was. See L<perlref>. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
4395 | |
4396 | =item Not a subroutine reference | |
4397 | ||
4398 | (F) Perl was trying to evaluate a reference to a code value (that is, a | |
4399 | subroutine), but found a reference to something else instead. You can | |
be771a83 GS |
4400 | use the ref() function to find out what kind of ref it really was. See |
4401 | also L<perlref>. | |
a0d0e21e | 4402 | |
e7ea3e70 | 4403 | =item Not a subroutine reference in overload table |
a0d0e21e LW |
4404 | |
4405 | (F) An attempt was made to specify an entry in an overloading table that | |
8b1a09fc | 4406 | doesn't somehow point to a valid subroutine. See L<overload>. |
a0d0e21e | 4407 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
4408 | =item Not enough arguments for %s |
4409 | ||
4410 | (F) The function requires more arguments than you specified. | |
4411 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
4412 | =item Not enough format arguments |
4413 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4414 | (W syntax) A format specified more picture fields than the next line |
4415 | supplied. See L<perlform>. | |
6df41af2 GS |
4416 | |
4417 | =item %s: not found | |
4418 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4419 | (A) You've accidentally run your script through the Bourne shell instead |
4420 | of Perl. Check the #! line, or manually feed your script into Perl | |
4421 | yourself. | |
6df41af2 GS |
4422 | |
4423 | =item no UTC offset information; assuming local time is UTC | |
a0d0e21e | 4424 | |
6df41af2 GS |
4425 | (S) A warning peculiar to VMS. Perl was unable to find the local |
4426 | timezone offset, so it's assuming that local system time is equivalent | |
be771a83 GS |
4427 | to UTC. If it's not, define the logical name |
4428 | F<SYS$TIMEZONE_DIFFERENTIAL> to translate to the number of seconds which | |
4429 | need to be added to UTC to get local time. | |
a0d0e21e | 4430 | |
6df41af2 GS |
4431 | =item NULL OP IN RUN |
4432 | ||
f84fe999 | 4433 | (S debugging) Some internal routine called run() with a null opcode |
be771a83 | 4434 | pointer. |
6df41af2 | 4435 | |
55497cff | 4436 | =item Null picture in formline |
4437 | ||
4438 | (F) The first argument to formline must be a valid format picture | |
4439 | specification. It was found to be empty, which probably means you | |
4440 | supplied it an uninitialized value. See L<perlform>. | |
4441 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
4442 | =item NULL regexp parameter |
4443 | ||
4444 | (P) The internal pattern matching routines are out of their gourd. | |
4445 | ||
fc36a67e | 4446 | =item Number too long |
4447 | ||
be771a83 | 4448 | (F) Perl limits the representation of decimal numbers in programs to |
da75cd15 | 4449 | about 250 characters. You've exceeded that length. Future |
be771a83 GS |
4450 | versions of Perl are likely to eliminate this arbitrary limitation. In |
4451 | the meantime, try using scientific notation (e.g. "1e6" instead of | |
4452 | "1_000_000"). | |
fc36a67e | 4453 | |
f0a2b745 KW |
4454 | =item Number with no digits |
4455 | ||
1043934d | 4456 | (F) Perl was looking for a number but found nothing that looked like |
6903afa2 | 4457 | a number. This happens, for example with C<\o{}>, with no number between |
1043934d | 4458 | the braces. |
f0a2b745 | 4459 | |
027471cf TC |
4460 | =item Numeric format result too large |
4461 | ||
4462 | (F) The length of the result of a numeric format supplied to sprintf() | |
4463 | or printf() would have been too large for the underlying C function to | |
4464 | report. This limit is typically 2GB. | |
4465 | ||
60267e1d YO |
4466 | =item Numeric variables with more than one digit may not start with '0' |
4467 | ||
4468 | (F) The only numeric variable which is allowed to start with a 0 is C<$0>, | |
4469 | and you mentioned a variable that starts with 0 that has more than one | |
4470 | digit. You probably want to remove the leading 0, or if the intent was | |
4471 | to express a variable name in octal you should convert to decimal. | |
4472 | ||
252aa082 JH |
4473 | =item Octal number > 037777777777 non-portable |
4474 | ||
75b44862 | 4475 | (W portable) The octal number you specified is larger than 2**32-1 |
be771a83 GS |
4476 | (4294967295) and therefore non-portable between systems. See |
4477 | L<perlport> for more on portability concerns. | |
252aa082 | 4478 | |
ac7609e4 | 4479 | =item Odd name/value argument for subroutine '%s' |
30d9c59b Z |
4480 | |
4481 | (F) A subroutine using a slurpy hash parameter in its signature | |
4482 | received an odd number of arguments to populate the hash. It requires | |
4483 | the arguments to be paired, with the same number of keys as values. | |
35e5ce67 | 4484 | The caller of the subroutine is presumably at fault. |
30d9c59b | 4485 | |
ac7609e4 AC |
4486 | The message attempts to include the name of the called subroutine. If the |
4487 | subroutine has been aliased, the subroutine's original name will be shown, | |
4488 | regardless of what name the caller used. | |
4489 | ||
6ad11d81 JH |
4490 | =item Odd number of arguments for overload::constant |
4491 | ||
04a80ee0 | 4492 | (W overload) The call to overload::constant contained an odd number of |
6903afa2 | 4493 | arguments. The arguments should come in pairs. |
6ad11d81 | 4494 | |
b21befc1 MG |
4495 | =item Odd number of elements in anonymous hash |
4496 | ||
4497 | (W misc) You specified an odd number of elements to initialize a hash, | |
4498 | which is odd, because hashes come in key/value pairs. | |
4499 | ||
1930e939 | 4500 | =item Odd number of elements in hash assignment |
a0d0e21e | 4501 | |
be771a83 GS |
4502 | (W misc) You specified an odd number of elements to initialize a hash, |
4503 | which is odd, because hashes come in key/value pairs. | |
a0d0e21e | 4504 | |
bbce6d69 | 4505 | =item Offset outside string |
4506 | ||
1fa582fa | 4507 | (F)(W layer) You tried to do a read/write/send/recv/seek operation |
42bc49da | 4508 | with an offset pointing outside the buffer. This is difficult to |
f5a7294f JH |
4509 | imagine. The sole exceptions to this are that zero padding will |
4510 | take place when going past the end of the string when either | |
4511 | C<sysread()>ing a file, or when seeking past the end of a scalar opened | |
0f44b2a5 | 4512 | for I/O (in anticipation of future reads and to imitate the behavior |
1a7a2554 | 4513 | with real files). |
bbce6d69 | 4514 | |
2cb35ee0 FC |
4515 | =item Old package separator used in string |
4516 | ||
4517 | (W syntax) You used the old package separator, "'", in a variable | |
4518 | named inside a double-quoted string; e.g., C<"In $name's house">. This | |
4519 | is equivalent to C<"In $name::s house">. If you meant the former, put | |
4520 | a backslash before the apostrophe (C<"In $name\'s house">). | |
4521 | ||
c289d2f7 | 4522 | =item %s() on unopened %s |
2dd78f96 JH |
4523 | |
4524 | (W unopened) An I/O operation was attempted on a filehandle that was | |
4525 | never initialized. You need to do an open(), a sysopen(), or a socket() | |
4526 | call, or call a constructor from the FileHandle package. | |
4527 | ||
96ebfdd7 RK |
4528 | =item -%s on unopened filehandle %s |
4529 | ||
4530 | (W unopened) You tried to invoke a file test operator on a filehandle | |
4531 | that isn't open. Check your control flow. See also L<perlfunc/-X>. | |
4532 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
4533 | =item oops: oopsAV |
4534 | ||
e476b1b5 | 4535 | (S internal) An internal warning that the grammar is screwed up. |
a0d0e21e LW |
4536 | |
4537 | =item oops: oopsHV | |
4538 | ||
e476b1b5 | 4539 | (S internal) An internal warning that the grammar is screwed up. |
a0d0e21e | 4540 | |
e0e4a6e3 FC |
4541 | =item Operand with no preceding operator in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in |
4542 | m/%s/ | |
0d0b4b3b | 4543 | |
675fa9ff | 4544 | (F) You wrote something like |
0d0b4b3b KW |
4545 | |
4546 | (?[ \p{Digit} \p{Thai} ]) | |
4547 | ||
4548 | There are two operands, but no operator giving how you want to combine | |
4549 | them. | |
4550 | ||
a0288114 | 4551 | =item Operation "%s": no method found, %s |
44a8e56a | 4552 | |
be771a83 GS |
4553 | (F) An attempt was made to perform an overloaded operation for which no |
4554 | handler was defined. While some handlers can be autogenerated in terms | |
4555 | of other handlers, there is no default handler for any operation, unless | |
e4aad80d | 4556 | the C<fallback> overloading key is specified to be true. See L<overload>. |
44a8e56a | 4557 | |
5ff1373f | 4558 | =item Operation "%s" returns its argument for non-Unicode code point 0x%X |
9ae3ac1a | 4559 | |
52d1f2c9 | 4560 | (S non_unicode) You performed an operation requiring Unicode rules |
b5af3ad2 FC |
4561 | on a code point that is not in Unicode, so what it should do is not |
4562 | defined. Perl has chosen to have it do nothing, and warn you. | |
9ae3ac1a KW |
4563 | |
4564 | If the operation shown is "ToFold", it means that case-insensitive | |
4565 | matching in a regular expression was done on the code point. | |
4566 | ||
4567 | If you know what you are doing you can turn off this warning by | |
8457b38f | 4568 | C<no warnings 'non_unicode';>. |
9ae3ac1a | 4569 | |
5ff1373f | 4570 | =item Operation "%s" returns its argument for UTF-16 surrogate U+%X |
9ae3ac1a | 4571 | |
4c2e59a0 | 4572 | (S surrogate) You performed an operation requiring Unicode |
52d1f2c9 | 4573 | rules on a Unicode surrogate. Unicode frowns upon the use |
ad94bb39 | 4574 | of surrogates for anything but storing strings in UTF-16, but |
52d1f2c9 | 4575 | rules are (reluctantly) defined for the surrogates, and |
ad94bb39 FC |
4576 | they are to do nothing for this operation. Because the use of |
4577 | surrogates can be dangerous, Perl warns. | |
9ae3ac1a KW |
4578 | |
4579 | If the operation shown is "ToFold", it means that case-insensitive | |
4580 | matching in a regular expression was done on the code point. | |
4581 | ||
4582 | If you know what you are doing you can turn off this warning by | |
8457b38f | 4583 | C<no warnings 'surrogate';>. |
9ae3ac1a | 4584 | |
748a9306 LW |
4585 | =item Operator or semicolon missing before %s |
4586 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4587 | (S ambiguous) You used a variable or subroutine call where the parser |
4588 | was expecting an operator. The parser has assumed you really meant to | |
4589 | use an operator, but this is highly likely to be incorrect. For | |
4590 | example, if you say "*foo *foo" it will be interpreted as if you said | |
4591 | "*foo * 'foo'". | |
748a9306 | 4592 | |
30d9c59b Z |
4593 | =item Optional parameter lacks default expression |
4594 | ||
4595 | (F) In a subroutine signature, you wrote something like "$a =", making a | |
4596 | named optional parameter without a default value. A nameless optional | |
4597 | parameter is permitted to have no default value, but a named one must | |
4598 | have a specific default. You probably want "$a = undef". | |
4599 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
4600 | =item "our" variable %s redeclared |
4601 | ||
52e3acf8 | 4602 | (W shadow) You seem to have already declared the same global once before |
be771a83 | 4603 | in the current lexical scope. |
6df41af2 | 4604 | |
a80b8354 GS |
4605 | =item Out of memory! |
4606 | ||
4607 | (X) The malloc() function returned 0, indicating there was insufficient | |
be771a83 GS |
4608 | remaining memory (or virtual memory) to satisfy the request. Perl has |
4609 | no option but to exit immediately. | |
a80b8354 | 4610 | |
19a52907 JH |
4611 | At least in Unix you may be able to get past this by increasing your |
4612 | process datasize limits: in csh/tcsh use C<limit> and | |
4613 | C<limit datasize n> (where C<n> is the number of kilobytes) to check | |
4614 | the current limits and change them, and in ksh/bash/zsh use C<ulimit -a> | |
4615 | and C<ulimit -d n>, respectively. | |
4616 | ||
6d3b25aa RGS |
4617 | =item Out of memory during %s extend |
4618 | ||
4619 | (X) An attempt was made to extend an array, a list, or a string beyond | |
4620 | the largest possible memory allocation. | |
4621 | ||
6df41af2 | 4622 | =item Out of memory during "large" request for %s |
a0d0e21e | 4623 | |
6df41af2 | 4624 | (F) The malloc() function returned 0, indicating there was insufficient |
6903afa2 | 4625 | remaining memory (or virtual memory) to satisfy the request. However, |
be771a83 GS |
4626 | the request was judged large enough (compile-time default is 64K), so a |
4627 | possibility to shut down by trapping this error is granted. | |
a0d0e21e | 4628 | |
1b979e0a | 4629 | =item Out of memory during request for %s |
a0d0e21e | 4630 | |
1fa582fa | 4631 | (X)(F) The malloc() function returned 0, indicating there was |
be771a83 GS |
4632 | insufficient remaining memory (or virtual memory) to satisfy the |
4633 | request. | |
eff9c6e2 CS |
4634 | |
4635 | The request was judged to be small, so the possibility to trap it | |
4636 | depends on the way perl was compiled. By default it is not trappable. | |
be771a83 GS |
4637 | However, if compiled for this, Perl may use the contents of C<$^M> as an |
4638 | emergency pool after die()ing with this message. In this case the error | |
b022d2d2 IZ |
4639 | is trappable I<once>, and the error message will include the line and file |
4640 | where the failed request happened. | |
55497cff | 4641 | |
1b979e0a IZ |
4642 | =item Out of memory during ridiculously large request |
4643 | ||
4644 | (F) You can't allocate more than 2^31+"small amount" bytes. This error | |
be771a83 GS |
4645 | is most likely to be caused by a typo in the Perl program. e.g., |
4646 | C<$arr[time]> instead of C<$arr[$time]>. | |
1b979e0a | 4647 | |
6df41af2 GS |
4648 | =item Out of memory for yacc stack |
4649 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4650 | (F) The yacc parser wanted to grow its stack so it could continue |
4651 | parsing, but realloc() wouldn't give it more memory, virtual or | |
4652 | otherwise. | |
6df41af2 | 4653 | |
28be1210 TH |
4654 | =item '.' outside of string in pack |
4655 | ||
4656 | (F) The argument to a '.' in your template tried to move the working | |
4657 | position to before the start of the packed string being built. | |
4658 | ||
49704364 | 4659 | =item '@' outside of string in unpack |
6df41af2 | 4660 | |
49704364 | 4661 | (F) You had a template that specified an absolute position outside |
6df41af2 GS |
4662 | the string being unpacked. See L<perlfunc/pack>. |
4663 | ||
f337b084 TH |
4664 | =item '@' outside of string with malformed UTF-8 in unpack |
4665 | ||
4666 | (F) You had a template that specified an absolute position outside | |
6903afa2 | 4667 | the string being unpacked. The string being unpacked was also invalid |
fa816bf3 | 4668 | UTF-8. See L<perlfunc/pack>. |
f337b084 | 4669 | |
7778d804 FC |
4670 | =item overload arg '%s' is invalid |
4671 | ||
4672 | (W overload) The L<overload> pragma was passed an argument it did not | |
4673 | recognize. Did you mistype an operator? | |
4674 | ||
7cb0cfe6 BM |
4675 | =item Overloaded dereference did not return a reference |
4676 | ||
4677 | (F) An object with an overloaded dereference operator was dereferenced, | |
6903afa2 | 4678 | but the overloaded operation did not return a reference. See |
7cb0cfe6 BM |
4679 | L<overload>. |
4680 | ||
4681 | =item Overloaded qr did not return a REGEXP | |
4682 | ||
4683 | (F) An object with a C<qr> overload was used as part of a match, but the | |
6903afa2 | 4684 | overloaded operation didn't return a compiled regexp. See L<overload>. |
7cb0cfe6 | 4685 | |
6df41af2 GS |
4686 | =item %s package attribute may clash with future reserved word: %s |
4687 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4688 | (W reserved) A lowercase attribute name was used that had a |
4689 | package-specific handler. That name might have a meaning to Perl itself | |
4690 | some day, even though it doesn't yet. Perhaps you should use a | |
4691 | mixed-case attribute name, instead. See L<attributes>. | |
6df41af2 | 4692 | |
96ebfdd7 RK |
4693 | =item pack/unpack repeat count overflow |
4694 | ||
4695 | (F) You can't specify a repeat count so large that it overflows your | |
4696 | signed integers. See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
4697 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
4698 | =item page overflow |
4699 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4700 | (W io) A single call to write() produced more lines than can fit on a |
4701 | page. See L<perlform>. | |
a0d0e21e | 4702 | |
6df41af2 GS |
4703 | =item panic: %s |
4704 | ||
4705 | (P) An internal error. | |
4706 | ||
c99a1475 NC |
4707 | =item panic: attempt to call %s in %s |
4708 | ||
4709 | (P) One of the file test operators entered a code branch that calls | |
4710 | an ACL related-function, but that function is not available on this | |
4711 | platform. Earlier checks mean that it should not be possible to | |
4712 | enter this branch on this platform. | |
4713 | ||
d5e473ac SH |
4714 | =item panic: child pseudo-process was never scheduled |
4715 | ||
4716 | (P) A child pseudo-process in the ithreads implementation on Windows | |
4717 | was not scheduled within the time period allowed and therefore was not | |
4718 | able to initialize properly. | |
4719 | ||
5637ef5b | 4720 | =item panic: ck_grep, type=%u |
a0d0e21e LW |
4721 | |
4722 | (P) Failed an internal consistency check trying to compile a grep. | |
4723 | ||
5637ef5b | 4724 | =item panic: corrupt saved stack index %ld |
a0d0e21e | 4725 | |
be771a83 GS |
4726 | (P) The savestack was requested to restore more localized values than |
4727 | there are in the savestack. | |
a0d0e21e | 4728 | |
810b8aa5 GS |
4729 | =item panic: del_backref |
4730 | ||
4731 | (P) Failed an internal consistency check while trying to reset a weak | |
4732 | reference. | |
4733 | ||
b7f7fd0b NC |
4734 | =item panic: fold_constants JMPENV_PUSH returned %d |
4735 | ||
10203f38 | 4736 | (P) While attempting folding constants an exception other than an C<eval> |
b7f7fd0b NC |
4737 | failure was caught. |
4738 | ||
255abbe7 | 4739 | =item panic: frexp: %f |
c635e13b | 4740 | |
4741 | (P) The library function frexp() failed, making printf("%f") impossible. | |
4742 | ||
5637ef5b | 4743 | =item panic: goto, type=%u, ix=%ld |
a0d0e21e LW |
4744 | |
4745 | (P) We popped the context stack to a context with the specified label, | |
4746 | and then discovered it wasn't a context we know how to do a goto in. | |
4747 | ||
b0d55c99 FC |
4748 | =item panic: gp_free failed to free glob pointer |
4749 | ||
4750 | (P) The internal routine used to clear a typeglob's entries tried | |
6903afa2 FC |
4751 | repeatedly, but each time something re-created entries in the glob. |
4752 | Most likely the glob contains an object with a reference back to | |
4753 | the glob and a destructor that adds a new object to the glob. | |
b0d55c99 | 4754 | |
5637ef5b | 4755 | =item panic: INTERPCASEMOD, %s |
a0d0e21e LW |
4756 | |
4757 | (P) The lexer got into a bad state at a case modifier. | |
4758 | ||
5637ef5b | 4759 | =item panic: INTERPCONCAT, %s |
a0d0e21e LW |
4760 | |
4761 | (P) The lexer got into a bad state parsing a string with brackets. | |
4762 | ||
e446cec8 IZ |
4763 | =item panic: kid popen errno read |
4764 | ||
1f91b9f5 | 4765 | (F) A forked child returned an incomprehensible message about its errno. |
e446cec8 | 4766 | |
5637ef5b | 4767 | =item panic: leave_scope inconsistency %u |
a0d0e21e LW |
4768 | |
4769 | (P) The savestack probably got out of sync. At least, there was an | |
4770 | invalid enum on the top of it. | |
4771 | ||
810b8aa5 GS |
4772 | =item panic: magic_killbackrefs |
4773 | ||
4774 | (P) Failed an internal consistency check while trying to reset all weak | |
4775 | references to an object. | |
4776 | ||
5637ef5b | 4777 | =item panic: malloc, %s |
6df41af2 GS |
4778 | |
4779 | (P) Something requested a negative number of bytes of malloc. | |
4780 | ||
27d5b266 JH |
4781 | =item panic: memory wrap |
4782 | ||
46f9c2c2 FC |
4783 | (P) Something tried to allocate either more memory than possible or a |
4784 | negative amount. | |
27d5b266 | 4785 | |
6ce22ce7 NC |
4786 | =item panic: newFORLOOP, %s |
4787 | ||
4788 | (P) The parser failed an internal consistency check while trying to parse | |
4789 | a C<foreach> loop. | |
4790 | ||
5637ef5b | 4791 | =item panic: pad_alloc, %p!=%p |
a0d0e21e LW |
4792 | |
4793 | (P) The compiler got confused about which scratch pad it was allocating | |
4794 | and freeing temporaries and lexicals from. | |
4795 | ||
5637ef5b | 4796 | =item panic: pad_free curpad, %p!=%p |
a0d0e21e LW |
4797 | |
4798 | (P) The compiler got confused about which scratch pad it was allocating | |
4799 | and freeing temporaries and lexicals from. | |
4800 | ||
4801 | =item panic: pad_free po | |
4802 | ||
c1bd5aaa | 4803 | (P) A zero scratch pad offset was detected internally. An attempt was |
61a9f070 | 4804 | made to free a target that had not been allocated to begin with. |
a0d0e21e | 4805 | |
5637ef5b | 4806 | =item panic: pad_reset curpad, %p!=%p |
a0d0e21e LW |
4807 | |
4808 | (P) The compiler got confused about which scratch pad it was allocating | |
4809 | and freeing temporaries and lexicals from. | |
4810 | ||
4811 | =item panic: pad_sv po | |
4812 | ||
61a9f070 FC |
4813 | (P) A zero scratch pad offset was detected internally. Most likely |
4814 | an operator needed a target but that target had not been allocated | |
4815 | for whatever reason. | |
a0d0e21e | 4816 | |
5637ef5b | 4817 | =item panic: pad_swipe curpad, %p!=%p |
a0d0e21e LW |
4818 | |
4819 | (P) The compiler got confused about which scratch pad it was allocating | |
4820 | and freeing temporaries and lexicals from. | |
4821 | ||
4822 | =item panic: pad_swipe po | |
4823 | ||
4824 | (P) An invalid scratch pad offset was detected internally. | |
4825 | ||
5637ef5b | 4826 | =item panic: pp_iter, type=%u |
a0d0e21e LW |
4827 | |
4828 | (P) The foreach iterator got called in a non-loop context frame. | |
4829 | ||
96ebfdd7 RK |
4830 | =item panic: pp_match%s |
4831 | ||
4832 | (P) The internal pp_match() routine was called with invalid operational | |
4833 | data. | |
4834 | ||
5637ef5b | 4835 | =item panic: realloc, %s |
a0d0e21e LW |
4836 | |
4837 | (P) Something requested a negative number of bytes of realloc. | |
4838 | ||
ccfb6d2e FC |
4839 | =item panic: reference miscount on nsv in sv_replace() (%d != 1) |
4840 | ||
4841 | (P) The internal sv_replace() function was handed a new SV with a | |
4842 | reference count other than 1. | |
4843 | ||
5637ef5b | 4844 | =item panic: restartop in %s |
a0d0e21e LW |
4845 | |
4846 | (P) Some internal routine requested a goto (or something like it), and | |
4847 | didn't supply the destination. | |
4848 | ||
5637ef5b | 4849 | =item panic: return, type=%u |
a0d0e21e LW |
4850 | |
4851 | (P) We popped the context stack to a subroutine or eval context, and | |
4852 | then discovered it wasn't a subroutine or eval context. | |
4853 | ||
5637ef5b | 4854 | =item panic: scan_num, %s |
a0d0e21e LW |
4855 | |
4856 | (P) scan_num() got called on something that wasn't a number. | |
4857 | ||
4599db5f | 4858 | =item panic: Sequence (?{...}): no code block found in regex m/%s/ |
d24ca0c5 | 4859 | |
1f91b9f5 | 4860 | (P) While compiling a pattern that has embedded (?{}) or (??{}) code |
d24ca0c5 DM |
4861 | blocks, perl couldn't locate the code block that should have already been |
4862 | seen and compiled by perl before control passed to the regex compiler. | |
4863 | ||
6c65d5f9 NC |
4864 | =item panic: sv_chop %s |
4865 | ||
4866 | (P) The sv_chop() routine was passed a position that is not within the | |
4867 | scalar's string buffer. | |
4868 | ||
5637ef5b | 4869 | =item panic: sv_insert, midend=%p, bigend=%p |
a0d0e21e LW |
4870 | |
4871 | (P) The sv_insert() routine was told to remove more string than there | |
4872 | was string. | |
4873 | ||
4874 | =item panic: top_env | |
4875 | ||
6224f72b | 4876 | (P) The compiler attempted to do a goto, or something weird like that. |
a0d0e21e | 4877 | |
7ebc59cd NC |
4878 | =item panic: unexpected constant lvalue entersub entry via type/targ %d:%d |
4879 | ||
4880 | (P) When compiling a subroutine call in lvalue context, Perl failed an | |
4881 | internal consistency check. It encountered a malformed op tree. | |
4882 | ||
65bca31a NC |
4883 | =item panic: unimplemented op %s (#%d) called |
4884 | ||
a1efa96e FC |
4885 | (P) The compiler is screwed up and attempted to use an op that isn't |
4886 | permitted at run time. | |
65bca31a | 4887 | |
01bbc29f FC |
4888 | =item panic: unknown OA_*: %x |
4889 | ||
4890 | (P) The internal routine that handles arguments to C<&CORE::foo()> | |
4891 | subroutine calls was unable to determine what type of arguments | |
4892 | were expected. | |
4893 | ||
dea0fc0b JH |
4894 | =item panic: utf16_to_utf8: odd bytelen |
4895 | ||
4896 | (P) Something tried to call utf16_to_utf8 with an odd (as opposed | |
64977eb6 | 4897 | to even) byte length. |
dea0fc0b | 4898 | |
e0ea5e2d NC |
4899 | =item panic: utf16_to_utf8_reversed: odd bytelen |
4900 | ||
4901 | (P) Something tried to call utf16_to_utf8_reversed with an odd (as opposed | |
4902 | to even) byte length. | |
4903 | ||
5637ef5b | 4904 | =item panic: yylex, %s |
2f7da168 RK |
4905 | |
4906 | (P) The lexer got into a bad state while processing a case modifier. | |
4907 | ||
78181aa9 KW |
4908 | =item Parentheses missing around "%s" list |
4909 | ||
4910 | (W parenthesis) You said something like | |
4911 | ||
4912 | my $foo, $bar = @_; | |
4913 | ||
4914 | when you meant | |
4915 | ||
4916 | my ($foo, $bar) = @_; | |
4917 | ||
4918 | Remember that "my", "our", "local" and "state" bind tighter than comma. | |
4919 | ||
28ac2b49 Z |
4920 | =item Parsing code internal error (%s) |
4921 | ||
4922 | (F) Parsing code supplied by an extension violated the parser's API in | |
4923 | a detectable way. | |
4924 | ||
b9bd8d8c | 4925 | =item Pattern subroutine nesting without pos change exceeded limit in regex |
1a147d38 YO |
4926 | |
4927 | (F) You used a pattern that uses too many nested subpattern calls without | |
6903afa2 FC |
4928 | consuming any text. Restructure the pattern so text is consumed before |
4929 | the nesting limit is exceeded. | |
1a147d38 | 4930 | |
96ebfdd7 RK |
4931 | =item C<-p> destination: %s |
4932 | ||
4933 | (F) An error occurred during the implicit output invoked by the C<-p> | |
4934 | command-line switch. (This output goes to STDOUT unless you've | |
4935 | redirected it with select().) | |
4936 | ||
0ae4a328 FC |
4937 | =item Perl API version %s of %s does not match %s |
4938 | ||
d792985a | 4939 | (F) The XS module in question was compiled against a different incompatible |
0ae4a328 FC |
4940 | version of Perl than the one that has loaded the XS module. |
4941 | ||
8954b91a | 4942 | =item Perl folding rules are not up-to-date for 0x%X; please use the perlbug |
e0e4a6e3 | 4943 | utility to report; in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
d50a4f90 | 4944 | |
6014bd26 JK |
4945 | (S regexp) You used a regular expression with case-insensitive matching, |
4946 | and there is a bug in Perl in which the built-in regular expression | |
4947 | folding rules are not accurate. This may lead to incorrect results. | |
8166b4e0 | 4948 | Please report this as a bug to L<https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues>. |
d50a4f90 | 4949 | |
1109a392 MHM |
4950 | =item Perl_my_%s() not available |
4951 | ||
4952 | (F) Your platform has very uncommon byte-order and integer size, | |
4953 | so it was not possible to set up some or all fixed-width byte-order | |
4954 | conversion functions. This is only a problem when you're using the | |
4955 | '<' or '>' modifiers in (un)pack templates. See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
4956 | ||
6651ba0b FC |
4957 | =item Perl %s required (did you mean %s?)--this is only %s, stopped |
4958 | ||
4959 | (F) The code you are trying to run has asked for a newer version of | |
4960 | Perl than you are running. Perhaps C<use 5.10> was written instead | |
4961 | of C<use 5.010> or C<use v5.10>. Without the leading C<v>, the number is | |
4962 | interpreted as a decimal, with every three digits after the | |
4963 | decimal point representing a part of the version number. So 5.10 | |
4964 | is equivalent to v5.100. | |
4965 | ||
6903f24f | 4966 | =item Perl %s required--this is only %s, stopped |
6d3b25aa RGS |
4967 | |
4968 | (F) The module in question uses features of a version of Perl more | |
4969 | recent than the currently running version. How long has it been since | |
4970 | you upgraded, anyway? See L<perlfunc/require>. | |
4971 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
4972 | =item PERL_SH_DIR too long |
4973 | ||
fa816bf3 | 4974 | (F) An error peculiar to OS/2. PERL_SH_DIR is the directory to find the |
fecfaeb8 | 4975 | C<sh>-shell in. See "PERL_SH_DIR" in L<perlos2>. |
6df41af2 | 4976 | |
96ebfdd7 RK |
4977 | =item PERL_SIGNALS illegal: "%s" |
4978 | ||
806b6d07 | 4979 | (X) See L<perlrun/PERL_SIGNALS> for legal values. |
96ebfdd7 | 4980 | |
6651ba0b FC |
4981 | =item Perls since %s too modern--this is %s, stopped |
4982 | ||
4983 | (F) The code you are trying to run claims it will not run | |
4984 | on the version of Perl you are using because it is too new. | |
4985 | Maybe the code needs to be updated, or maybe it is simply | |
4986 | wrong and the version check should just be removed. | |
4987 | ||
675fa9ff FC |
4988 | =item perl: warning: Non hex character in '$ENV{PERL_HASH_SEED}', seed only partially set |
4989 | ||
ff9c1ae8 | 4990 | (S) PERL_HASH_SEED should match /^\s*(?:0x)?[0-9a-fA-F]+\s*\z/ but it |
675fa9ff FC |
4991 | contained a non hex character. This could mean you are not using the |
4992 | hash seed you think you are. | |
6a5b4183 | 4993 | |
6df41af2 GS |
4994 | =item perl: warning: Setting locale failed. |
4995 | ||
4996 | (S) The whole warning message will look something like: | |
4997 | ||
4998 | perl: warning: Setting locale failed. | |
4999 | perl: warning: Please check that your locale settings: | |
5000 | LC_ALL = "En_US", | |
5001 | LANG = (unset) | |
5002 | are supported and installed on your system. | |
5003 | perl: warning: Falling back to the standard locale ("C"). | |
5004 | ||
5005 | Exactly what were the failed locale settings varies. In the above the | |
5006 | settings were that the LC_ALL was "En_US" and the LANG had no value. | |
0ea6b70f JH |
5007 | This error means that Perl detected that you and/or your operating |
5008 | system supplier and/or system administrator have set up the so-called | |
5009 | locale system but Perl could not use those settings. This was not | |
5010 | dead serious, fortunately: there is a "default locale" called "C" that | |
4b07a369 FC |
5011 | Perl can and will use, and the script will be run. Before you really |
5012 | fix the problem, however, you will get the same error message each | |
5013 | time you run Perl. How to really fix the problem can be found in | |
0ea6b70f | 5014 | L<perllocale> section B<LOCALE PROBLEMS>. |
6df41af2 | 5015 | |
6a5b4183 YO |
5016 | =item perl: warning: strange setting in '$ENV{PERL_PERTURB_KEYS}': '%s' |
5017 | ||
ff9c1ae8 | 5018 | (S) Perl was run with the environment variable PERL_PERTURB_KEYS defined |
675fa9ff | 5019 | but containing an unexpected value. The legal values of this setting |
6a5b4183 YO |
5020 | are as follows. |
5021 | ||
5022 | Numeric | String | Result | |
5023 | --------+---------------+----------------------------------------- | |
5024 | 0 | NO | Disables key traversal randomization | |
5025 | 1 | RANDOM | Enables full key traversal randomization | |
555bd962 BG |
5026 | 2 | DETERMINISTIC | Enables repeatable key traversal |
5027 | | | randomization | |
6a5b4183 YO |
5028 | |
5029 | Both numeric and string values are accepted, but note that string values are | |
675fa9ff | 5030 | case sensitive. The default for this setting is "RANDOM" or 1. |
aac486f1 | 5031 | |
bd3fa61c | 5032 | =item pid %x not a child |
748a9306 | 5033 | |
be771a83 GS |
5034 | (W exec) A warning peculiar to VMS. Waitpid() was asked to wait for a |
5035 | process which isn't a subprocess of the current process. While this is | |
5036 | fine from VMS' perspective, it's probably not what you intended. | |
748a9306 | 5037 | |
49704364 | 5038 | =item 'P' must have an explicit size in unpack |
3bf38418 WL |
5039 | |
5040 | (F) The unpack format P must have an explicit size, not "*". | |
5041 | ||
6e8a73f2 | 5042 | =item POSIX class [:%s:] unknown in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
96ebfdd7 | 5043 | |
e0e4a6e3 | 5044 | (F) The class in the character class [: :] syntax is unknown. The S<<-- HERE> |
9e3ec65c | 5045 | shows whereabouts in the regular expression the problem was discovered. |
96ebfdd7 RK |
5046 | Note that the POSIX character classes do B<not> have the C<is> prefix |
5047 | the corresponding C interfaces have: in other words, it's C<[[:print:]]>, | |
5048 | not C<isprint>. See L<perlre>. | |
5049 | ||
5050 | =item POSIX getpgrp can't take an argument | |
5051 | ||
5052 | (F) Your system has POSIX getpgrp(), which takes no argument, unlike | |
5053 | the BSD version, which takes a pid. | |
5054 | ||
46d34d0e | 5055 | =item POSIX syntax [%c %c] belongs inside character classes%s in regex; marked by |
e0e4a6e3 | 5056 | S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
b45f050a | 5057 | |
46d34d0e KW |
5058 | (W regexp) Perl thinks that you intended to write a POSIX character |
5059 | class, but didn't use enough brackets. These POSIX class constructs [: | |
5060 | :], [= =], and [. .] go I<inside> character classes, the [] are part of | |
5061 | the construct, for example: C<qr/[012[:alpha:]345]/>. What the regular | |
5062 | expression pattern compiled to is probably not what you were intending. | |
5063 | For example, C<qr/[:alpha:]/> compiles to a regular bracketed character | |
5064 | class consisting of the four characters C<":">, C<"a">, C<"l">, | |
5065 | C<"h">, and C<"p">. To specify the POSIX class, it should have been | |
5066 | written C<qr/[[:alpha:]]/>. | |
5067 | ||
5068 | Note that [= =] and [. .] are not currently | |
9e3ec65c | 5069 | implemented; they are simply placeholders for future extensions and |
e0e4a6e3 | 5070 | will cause fatal errors. The S<<-- HERE> shows whereabouts in the regular |
9e3ec65c | 5071 | expression the problem was discovered. See L<perlre>. |
b45f050a | 5072 | |
46d34d0e KW |
5073 | If the specification of the class was not completely valid, the message |
5074 | indicates that. | |
5075 | ||
6fbc9859 | 5076 | =item POSIX syntax [. .] is reserved for future extensions in regex; marked by |
e0e4a6e3 | 5077 | S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
b45f050a | 5078 | |
a125938c FC |
5079 | (F) Within regular expression character classes ([]) the syntax beginning |
5080 | with "[." and ending with ".]" is reserved for future extensions. If you | |
5081 | need to represent those character sequences inside a regular expression | |
5082 | character class, just quote the square brackets with the backslash: "\[." | |
e0e4a6e3 | 5083 | and ".\]". The S<<-- HERE> shows whereabouts in the regular expression the |
a125938c | 5084 | problem was discovered. See L<perlre>. |
b45f050a | 5085 | |
6fbc9859 | 5086 | =item POSIX syntax [= =] is reserved for future extensions in regex; marked by |
e0e4a6e3 | 5087 | S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
b45f050a | 5088 | |
7253e4e3 RK |
5089 | (F) Within regular expression character classes ([]) the syntax beginning |
5090 | with "[=" and ending with "=]" is reserved for future extensions. If you | |
5091 | need to represent those character sequences inside a regular expression | |
5092 | character class, just quote the square brackets with the backslash: "\[=" | |
e0e4a6e3 | 5093 | and "=\]". The S<<-- HERE> shows whereabouts in the regular expression the |
7253e4e3 | 5094 | problem was discovered. See L<perlre>. |
b45f050a | 5095 | |
bbce6d69 | 5096 | =item Possible attempt to put comments in qw() list |
5097 | ||
e476b1b5 | 5098 | (W qw) qw() lists contain items separated by whitespace; as with literal |
75b44862 | 5099 | strings, comment characters are not ignored, but are instead treated as |
be771a83 GS |
5100 | literal data. (You may have used different delimiters than the |
5101 | parentheses shown here; braces are also frequently used.) | |
bbce6d69 | 5102 | |
774d564b | 5103 | You probably wrote something like this: |
5104 | ||
54310121 | 5105 | @list = qw( |
774d564b | 5106 | a # a comment |
bbce6d69 | 5107 | b # another comment |
774d564b | 5108 | ); |
bbce6d69 | 5109 | |
5110 | when you should have written this: | |
5111 | ||
774d564b | 5112 | @list = qw( |
54310121 | 5113 | a |
5114 | b | |
774d564b | 5115 | ); |
5116 | ||
5117 | If you really want comments, build your list the | |
5118 | old-fashioned way, with quotes and commas: | |
5119 | ||
5120 | @list = ( | |
5121 | 'a', # a comment | |
5122 | 'b', # another comment | |
5123 | ); | |
bbce6d69 | 5124 | |
5125 | =item Possible attempt to separate words with commas | |
5126 | ||
be771a83 GS |
5127 | (W qw) qw() lists contain items separated by whitespace; therefore |
5128 | commas aren't needed to separate the items. (You may have used | |
5129 | different delimiters than the parentheses shown here; braces are also | |
5130 | frequently used.) | |
bbce6d69 | 5131 | |
54310121 | 5132 | You probably wrote something like this: |
bbce6d69 | 5133 | |
774d564b | 5134 | qw! a, b, c !; |
5135 | ||
5136 | which puts literal commas into some of the list items. Write it without | |
5137 | commas if you don't want them to appear in your data: | |
bbce6d69 | 5138 | |
774d564b | 5139 | qw! a b c !; |
bbce6d69 | 5140 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
5141 | =item Possible memory corruption: %s overflowed 3rd argument |
5142 | ||
5143 | (F) An ioctl() or fcntl() returned more than Perl was bargaining for. | |
5144 | Perl guesses a reasonable buffer size, but puts a sentinel byte at the | |
5145 | end of the buffer just in case. This sentinel byte got clobbered, and | |
5146 | Perl assumes that memory is now corrupted. See L<perlfunc/ioctl>. | |
5147 | ||
9da2d046 NT |
5148 | =item Possible precedence issue with control flow operator |
5149 | ||
5150 | (W syntax) There is a possible problem with the mixing of a control | |
5151 | flow operator (e.g. C<return>) and a low-precedence operator like | |
5152 | C<or>. Consider: | |
5153 | ||
5154 | sub { return $a or $b; } | |
5155 | ||
5156 | This is parsed as: | |
5157 | ||
5158 | sub { (return $a) or $b; } | |
5159 | ||
5160 | Which is effectively just: | |
5161 | ||
5162 | sub { return $a; } | |
5163 | ||
5164 | Either use parentheses or the high-precedence variant of the operator. | |
5165 | ||
5166 | Note this may be also triggered for constructs like: | |
5167 | ||
5168 | sub { 1 if die; } | |
5169 | ||
8823cb89 | 5170 | =item Possible precedence problem on bitwise %s operator |
a690c7c4 FC |
5171 | |
5172 | (W precedence) Your program uses a bitwise logical operator in conjunction | |
5173 | with a numeric comparison operator, like this : | |
5174 | ||
5175 | if ($x & $y == 0) { ... } | |
5176 | ||
5177 | This expression is actually equivalent to C<$x & ($y == 0)>, due to the | |
5178 | higher precedence of C<==>. This is probably not what you want. (If you | |
5179 | really meant to write this, disable the warning, or, better, put the | |
5180 | parentheses explicitly and write C<$x & ($y == 0)>). | |
5181 | ||
77772344 B |
5182 | =item Possible unintended interpolation of $\ in regex |
5183 | ||
5184 | (W ambiguous) You said something like C<m/$\/> in a regex. | |
5185 | The regex C<m/foo$\s+bar/m> translates to: match the word 'foo', the output | |
8ddb446c | 5186 | record separator (see L<perlvar/$\>) and the letter 's' (one time or more) |
77772344 B |
5187 | followed by the word 'bar'. |
5188 | ||
5189 | If this is what you intended then you can silence the warning by using | |
5190 | C<m/${\}/> (for example: C<m/foo${\}s+bar/>). | |
5191 | ||
5192 | If instead you intended to match the word 'foo' at the end of the line | |
5193 | followed by whitespace and the word 'bar' on the next line then you can use | |
5194 | C<m/$(?)\/> (for example: C<m/foo$(?)\s+bar/>). | |
5195 | ||
e5035638 FC |
5196 | =item Possible unintended interpolation of %s in string |
5197 | ||
ccf3535a | 5198 | (W ambiguous) You said something like '@foo' in a double-quoted string |
6903afa2 | 5199 | but there was no array C<@foo> in scope at the time. If you wanted a |
e5035638 FC |
5200 | literal @foo, then write it as \@foo; otherwise find out what happened |
5201 | to the array you apparently lost track of. | |
5202 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
5203 | =item Precedence problem: open %s should be open(%s) |
5204 | ||
e476b1b5 | 5205 | (S precedence) The old irregular construct |
cb1a09d0 | 5206 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
5207 | open FOO || die; |
5208 | ||
5209 | is now misinterpreted as | |
5210 | ||
5211 | open(FOO || die); | |
5212 | ||
be771a83 GS |
5213 | because of the strict regularization of Perl 5's grammar into unary and |
5214 | list operators. (The old open was a little of both.) You must put | |
5215 | parentheses around the filehandle, or use the new "or" operator instead | |
5216 | of "||". | |
a0d0e21e | 5217 | |
3cdd684c TP |
5218 | =item Premature end of script headers |
5219 | ||
3de20fbe | 5220 | See L</500 Server error>. |
3cdd684c | 5221 | |
6df41af2 GS |
5222 | =item printf() on closed filehandle %s |
5223 | ||
be771a83 | 5224 | (W closed) The filehandle you're writing to got itself closed sometime |
c289d2f7 | 5225 | before now. Check your control flow. |
6df41af2 | 5226 | |
9a7dcd9c | 5227 | =item print() on closed filehandle %s |
a0d0e21e | 5228 | |
be771a83 | 5229 | (W closed) The filehandle you're printing on got itself closed sometime |
c289d2f7 | 5230 | before now. Check your control flow. |
a0d0e21e | 5231 | |
6df41af2 | 5232 | =item Process terminated by SIG%s |
a0d0e21e | 5233 | |
6df41af2 GS |
5234 | (W) This is a standard message issued by OS/2 applications, while *nix |
5235 | applications die in silence. It is considered a feature of the OS/2 | |
5236 | port. One can easily disable this by appropriate sighandlers, see | |
5237 | L<perlipc/"Signals">. See also "Process terminated by SIGTERM/SIGINT" | |
fecfaeb8 | 5238 | in L<perlos2>. |
a0d0e21e | 5239 | |
327323c1 RGS |
5240 | =item Prototype after '%c' for %s : %s |
5241 | ||
fa816bf3 FC |
5242 | (W illegalproto) A character follows % or @ in a prototype. This is |
5243 | useless, since % and @ gobble the rest of the subroutine arguments. | |
327323c1 | 5244 | |
3fe9a6f1 | 5245 | =item Prototype mismatch: %s vs %s |
4633a7c4 | 5246 | |
9a0b3859 | 5247 | (S prototype) The subroutine being declared or defined had previously been |
be771a83 | 5248 | declared or defined with a different function prototype. |
4633a7c4 | 5249 | |
ed9aa3b7 SG |
5250 | =item Prototype not terminated |
5251 | ||
2a6fd447 | 5252 | (F) You've omitted the closing parenthesis in a function prototype |
ed9aa3b7 SG |
5253 | definition. |
5254 | ||
eedb00fa PM |
5255 | =item Prototype '%s' overridden by attribute 'prototype(%s)' in %s |
5256 | ||
5257 | (W prototype) A prototype was declared in both the parentheses after | |
5258 | the sub name and via the prototype attribute. The prototype in | |
5259 | parentheses is useless, since it will be replaced by the prototype | |
5260 | from the attribute before it's ever used. | |
5261 | ||
6e8a73f2 | 5262 | =item Quantifier follows nothing in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
96ebfdd7 | 5263 | |
6903afa2 | 5264 | (F) You started a regular expression with a quantifier. Backslash it if |
e0e4a6e3 | 5265 | you meant it literally. The S<<-- HERE> shows whereabouts in the regular |
9e3ec65c | 5266 | expression the problem was discovered. See L<perlre>. |
96ebfdd7 | 5267 | |
6e8a73f2 | 5268 | =item Quantifier in {,} bigger than %d in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
9baa0206 | 5269 | |
6903afa2 | 5270 | (F) There is currently a limit to the size of the min and max values of |
e0e4a6e3 | 5271 | the {min,max} construct. The S<<-- HERE> shows whereabouts in the regular |
9e3ec65c | 5272 | expression the problem was discovered. See L<perlre>. |
9baa0206 | 5273 | |
675fa9ff FC |
5274 | =item Quantifier {n,m} with n > m can't match in regex |
5275 | ||
e0e4a6e3 FC |
5276 | =item Quantifier {n,m} with n > m can't match in regex; marked by |
5277 | S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ | |
675fa9ff FC |
5278 | |
5279 | (W regexp) Minima should be less than or equal to maxima. If you really | |
5280 | want your regexp to match something 0 times, just put {0}. | |
5281 | ||
e1729dc6 | 5282 | =item Quantifier unexpected on zero-length expression in regex m/%s/ |
9baa0206 | 5283 | |
b45f050a JF |
5284 | (W regexp) You applied a regular expression quantifier in a place where |
5285 | it makes no sense, such as on a zero-width assertion. Try putting the | |
5286 | quantifier inside the assertion instead. For example, the way to match | |
5287 | "abc" provided that it is followed by three repetitions of "xyz" is | |
5288 | C</abc(?=(?:xyz){3})/>, not C</abc(?=xyz){3}/>. | |
9baa0206 | 5289 | |
89ea2908 GA |
5290 | =item Range iterator outside integer range |
5291 | ||
5292 | (F) One (or both) of the numeric arguments to the range operator ".." | |
5293 | are outside the range which can be represented by integers internally. | |
be771a83 GS |
5294 | One possible workaround is to force Perl to use magical string increment |
5295 | by prepending "0" to your numbers. | |
89ea2908 | 5296 | |
ad513756 | 5297 | =item Ranges of ASCII printables should be some subset of "0-9", "A-Z", or |
6e8a73f2 | 5298 | "a-z" in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
ad513756 FC |
5299 | |
5300 | (W regexp) (only under C<S<use re 'strict'>> or within C<(?[...])>) | |
5301 | ||
5302 | Stricter rules help to find typos and other errors. Perhaps you didn't | |
5303 | even intend a range here, if the C<"-"> was meant to be some other | |
5304 | character, or should have been escaped (like C<"\-">). If you did | |
5305 | intend a range, the one that was used is not portable between ASCII and | |
5306 | EBCDIC platforms, and doesn't have an obvious meaning to a casual | |
5307 | reader. | |
5308 | ||
5309 | [3-7] # OK; Obvious and portable | |
5310 | [d-g] # OK; Obvious and portable | |
5311 | [A-Y] # OK; Obvious and portable | |
5312 | [A-z] # WRONG; Not portable; not clear what is meant | |
5313 | [a-Z] # WRONG; Not portable; not clear what is meant | |
5314 | [%-.] # WRONG; Not portable; not clear what is meant | |
5315 | [\x41-Z] # WRONG; Not portable; not obvious to non-geek | |
5316 | ||
5317 | (You can force portability by specifying a Unicode range, which means that | |
5318 | the endpoints are specified by | |
5319 | L<C<\N{...}>|perlrecharclass/Character Ranges>, but the meaning may | |
5320 | still not be obvious.) | |
5321 | The stricter rules require that ranges that start or stop with an ASCII | |
5322 | character that is not a control have all their endpoints be the literal | |
5323 | character, and not some escape sequence (like C<"\x41">), and the ranges | |
5324 | must be all digits, or all uppercase letters, or all lowercase letters. | |
5325 | ||
5326 | =item Ranges of digits should be from the same group in regex; marked by | |
6e8a73f2 | 5327 | S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
ad513756 FC |
5328 | |
5329 | (W regexp) (only under C<S<use re 'strict'>> or within C<(?[...])>) | |
5330 | ||
5331 | Stricter rules help to find typos and other errors. You included a | |
5332 | range, and at least one of the end points is a decimal digit. Under the | |
5333 | stricter rules, when this happens, both end points should be digits in | |
5334 | the same group of 10 consecutive digits. | |
5335 | ||
3b7fbd4a SP |
5336 | =item readdir() attempted on invalid dirhandle %s |
5337 | ||
1a147d38 | 5338 | (W io) The dirhandle you're reading from is either closed or not really |
3b7fbd4a SP |
5339 | a dirhandle. Check your control flow. |
5340 | ||
96ebfdd7 RK |
5341 | =item readline() on closed filehandle %s |
5342 | ||
5343 | (W closed) The filehandle you're reading from got itself closed sometime | |
5344 | before now. Check your control flow. | |
5345 | ||
7766c834 JK |
5346 | =item readline() on unopened filehandle %s |
5347 | ||
5348 | (W unopened) The filehandle you're reading from was never opened. Check your | |
5349 | control flow. | |
5350 | ||
b5fe5ca2 SR |
5351 | =item read() on closed filehandle %s |
5352 | ||
5353 | (W closed) You tried to read from a closed filehandle. | |
5354 | ||
5355 | =item read() on unopened filehandle %s | |
5356 | ||
5357 | (W unopened) You tried to read from a filehandle that was never opened. | |
5358 | ||
4ad56ec9 IZ |
5359 | =item realloc() of freed memory ignored |
5360 | ||
be771a83 GS |
5361 | (S malloc) An internal routine called realloc() on something that had |
5362 | already been freed. | |
4ad56ec9 | 5363 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
5364 | =item Recompile perl with B<-D>DEBUGGING to use B<-D> switch |
5365 | ||
19b29141 | 5366 | (S debugging) You can't use the B<-D> option unless the code to produce |
be771a83 | 5367 | the desired output is compiled into Perl, which entails some overhead, |
a0d0e21e LW |
5368 | which is why it's currently left out of your copy. |
5369 | ||
6651ba0b FC |
5370 | =item Recursive call to Perl_load_module in PerlIO_find_layer |
5371 | ||
5372 | (P) It is currently not permitted to load modules when creating | |
5373 | a filehandle inside an %INC hook. This can happen with C<open my | |
5374 | $fh, '<', \$scalar>, which implicitly loads PerlIO::scalar. Try | |
5375 | loading PerlIO::scalar explicitly first. | |
5376 | ||
3e0ccd42 | 5377 | =item Recursive inheritance detected in package '%s' |
a0d0e21e | 5378 | |
2c7d6b9c RGS |
5379 | (F) While calculating the method resolution order (MRO) of a package, Perl |
5380 | believes it found an infinite loop in the C<@ISA> hierarchy. This is a | |
5381 | crude check that bails out after 100 levels of C<@ISA> depth. | |
a0d0e21e | 5382 | |
f51551f7 FC |
5383 | =item Redundant argument in %s |
5384 | ||
5385 | (W redundant) You called a function with more arguments than other | |
3617dbb6 | 5386 | arguments you supplied indicated would be needed. Currently only |
f51551f7 FC |
5387 | emitted when a printf-type format required fewer arguments than were |
5388 | supplied, but might be used in the future for e.g. L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
5389 | ||
12605ff9 FC |
5390 | =item refcnt_dec: fd %d%s |
5391 | ||
2e0cfa16 FC |
5392 | =item refcnt: fd %d%s |
5393 | ||
12605ff9 FC |
5394 | =item refcnt_inc: fd %d%s |
5395 | ||
fa816bf3 | 5396 | (P) Perl's I/O implementation failed an internal consistency check. If |
2e0cfa16 FC |
5397 | you see this message, something is very wrong. |
5398 | ||
1930e939 TP |
5399 | =item Reference found where even-sized list expected |
5400 | ||
be771a83 | 5401 | (W misc) You gave a single reference where Perl was expecting a list |
6903afa2 FC |
5402 | with an even number of elements (for assignment to a hash). This |
5403 | usually means that you used the anon hash constructor when you meant | |
5404 | to use parens. In any case, a hash requires key/value B<pairs>. | |
7b8d334a GS |
5405 | |
5406 | %hash = { one => 1, two => 2, }; # WRONG | |
5407 | %hash = [ qw/ an anon array / ]; # WRONG | |
5408 | %hash = ( one => 1, two => 2, ); # right | |
5409 | %hash = qw( one 1 two 2 ); # also fine | |
5410 | ||
810b8aa5 GS |
5411 | =item Reference is already weak |
5412 | ||
e476b1b5 | 5413 | (W misc) You have attempted to weaken a reference that is already weak. |
810b8aa5 GS |
5414 | Doing so has no effect. |
5415 | ||
ae2cf9f6 DIM |
5416 | =item Reference is not weak |
5417 | ||
5418 | (W misc) You have attempted to unweaken a reference that is not weak. | |
5419 | Doing so has no effect. | |
5420 | ||
e0e4a6e3 | 5421 | =item Reference to invalid group 0 in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
b72d83b2 | 5422 | |
6903afa2 FC |
5423 | (F) You used C<\g0> or similar in a regular expression. You may refer |
5424 | to capturing parentheses only with strictly positive integers | |
5425 | (normal backreferences) or with strictly negative integers (relative | |
5426 | backreferences). Using 0 does not make sense. | |
b72d83b2 | 5427 | |
e0e4a6e3 FC |
5428 | =item Reference to nonexistent group in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in |
5429 | m/%s/ | |
b45f050a JF |
5430 | |
5431 | (F) You used something like C<\7> in your regular expression, but there are | |
6903afa2 | 5432 | not at least seven sets of capturing parentheses in the expression. If |
bbaee129 FC |
5433 | you wanted to have the character with ordinal 7 inserted into the regular |
5434 | expression, prepend zeroes to make it three digits long: C<\007> | |
9baa0206 | 5435 | |
6e8a73f2 | 5436 | The S<<-- HERE> shows whereabouts in the regular expression the problem was |
b45f050a | 5437 | discovered. |
9baa0206 | 5438 | |
e0e4a6e3 FC |
5439 | =item Reference to nonexistent named group in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> |
5440 | in m/%s/ | |
1a147d38 YO |
5441 | |
5442 | (F) You used something like C<\k'NAME'> or C<< \k<NAME> >> in your regular | |
9381611c | 5443 | expression, but there is no corresponding named capturing parentheses |
6903afa2 | 5444 | such as C<(?'NAME'...)> or C<< (?<NAME>...) >>. Check if the name has been |
9381611c | 5445 | spelled correctly both in the backreference and the declaration. |
1a147d38 | 5446 | |
6e8a73f2 | 5447 | The S<<-- HERE> shows whereabouts in the regular expression the problem was |
1a147d38 YO |
5448 | discovered. |
5449 | ||
e0e4a6e3 FC |
5450 | =item Reference to nonexistent or unclosed group in regex; marked by |
5451 | S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ | |
1a147d38 | 5452 | |
bcb95744 FC |
5453 | (F) You used something like C<\g{-7}> in your regular expression, but there |
5454 | are not at least seven sets of closed capturing parentheses in the | |
5455 | expression before where the C<\g{-7}> was located. | |
1a147d38 | 5456 | |
6e8a73f2 | 5457 | The S<<-- HERE> shows whereabouts in the regular expression the problem was |
1a147d38 YO |
5458 | discovered. |
5459 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
5460 | =item regexp memory corruption |
5461 | ||
5462 | (P) The regular expression engine got confused by what the regular | |
5463 | expression compiler gave it. | |
5464 | ||
ff3f26d2 KW |
5465 | =item Regexp modifier "/%c" may appear a maximum of twice |
5466 | ||
4d910168 | 5467 | =item Regexp modifier "%c" may appear a maximum of twice in regex; marked |
e0e4a6e3 | 5468 | by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
4d910168 | 5469 | |
ce170e67 | 5470 | (F) The regular expression pattern had too many occurrences |
ff3f26d2 | 5471 | of the specified modifier. Remove the extraneous ones. |
3955e1a9 | 5472 | |
6fbc9859 MH |
5473 | =item Regexp modifier "%c" may not appear after the "-" in regex; marked by <-- |
5474 | HERE in m/%s/ | |
9442e3b8 | 5475 | |
f8b5bc72 FC |
5476 | (F) Turning off the given modifier has the side effect of turning on |
5477 | another one. Perl currently doesn't allow this. Reword the regular | |
9442e3b8 KW |
5478 | expression to use the modifier you want to turn on (and place it before |
5479 | the minus), instead of the one you want to turn off. | |
5480 | ||
591f5ca2 FC |
5481 | =item Regexp modifier "/%c" may not appear twice |
5482 | ||
4d910168 FC |
5483 | =item Regexp modifier "%c" may not appear twice in regex; marked by <-- |
5484 | HERE in m/%s/ | |
5485 | ||
ce170e67 | 5486 | (F) The regular expression pattern had too many occurrences |
591f5ca2 FC |
5487 | of the specified modifier. Remove the extraneous ones. |
5488 | ||
3955e1a9 KW |
5489 | =item Regexp modifiers "/%c" and "/%c" are mutually exclusive |
5490 | ||
4d910168 | 5491 | =item Regexp modifiers "%c" and "%c" are mutually exclusive in regex; |
e0e4a6e3 | 5492 | marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
4d910168 | 5493 | |
ce170e67 | 5494 | (F) The regular expression pattern had more than one of these |
3955e1a9 KW |
5495 | mutually exclusive modifiers. Retain only the modifier that is |
5496 | supposed to be there. | |
5497 | ||
aec0ef10 | 5498 | =item Regexp out of space in regex m/%s/ |
a0d0e21e | 5499 | |
be771a83 GS |
5500 | (P) A "can't happen" error, because safemalloc() should have caught it |
5501 | earlier. | |
a0d0e21e | 5502 | |
a7f533cb | 5503 | =item Repeated format line will never terminate (~~ and @#) |
a1b95068 | 5504 | |
d7f8936a | 5505 | (F) Your format contains the ~~ repeat-until-blank sequence and a |
a1b95068 | 5506 | numeric field that will never go blank so that the repetition never |
6903afa2 | 5507 | terminates. You might use ^# instead. See L<perlform>. |
a1b95068 | 5508 | |
b08e453b RB |
5509 | =item Replacement list is longer than search list |
5510 | ||
5511 | (W misc) You have used a replacement list that is longer than the | |
fa816bf3 | 5512 | search list. So the additional elements in the replacement list |
b08e453b RB |
5513 | are meaningless. |
5514 | ||
d9790612 KW |
5515 | =item '(*%s' requires a terminating ':' in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
5516 | ||
5517 | (F) You used a construct that needs a colon and pattern argument. | |
5518 | Supply these or check that you are using the right construct. | |
5519 | ||
5e0a247b KW |
5520 | =item '%s' resolved to '\o{%s}%d' |
5521 | ||
fcc04d73 KW |
5522 | As of Perl 5.32, this message is no longer generated. Instead, see |
5523 | L</Non-octal character '%c' terminates \o early. Resolved as "%s">. | |
5e0a247b KW |
5524 | (W misc, regexp) You wrote something like C<\08>, or C<\179> in a |
5525 | double-quotish string. All but the last digit is treated as a single | |
5526 | character, specified in octal. The last digit is the next character in | |
5527 | the string. To tell Perl that this is indeed what you want, you can use | |
5528 | the C<\o{ }> syntax, or use exactly three digits to specify the octal | |
5529 | for the character. | |
5530 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
5531 | =item Reversed %s= operator |
5532 | ||
be771a83 | 5533 | (W syntax) You wrote your assignment operator backwards. The = must |
964742a1 | 5534 | always come last, to avoid ambiguity with subsequent unary operators. |
a0d0e21e | 5535 | |
abc7ecad SP |
5536 | =item rewinddir() attempted on invalid dirhandle %s |
5537 | ||
1b303a7d FC |
5538 | (W io) The dirhandle you tried to do a rewinddir() on is either closed |
5539 | or not really a dirhandle. Check your control flow. | |
abc7ecad | 5540 | |
96ebfdd7 RK |
5541 | =item Scalars leaked: %d |
5542 | ||
7bd1381d | 5543 | (S internal) Something went wrong in Perl's internal bookkeeping |
4f5966a5 FC |
5544 | of scalars: not all scalar variables were deallocated by the time |
5545 | Perl exited. What this usually indicates is a memory leak, which | |
5546 | is of course bad, especially if the Perl program is intended to be | |
5547 | long-running. | |
96ebfdd7 | 5548 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
5549 | =item Scalar value @%s[%s] better written as $%s[%s] |
5550 | ||
be771a83 GS |
5551 | (W syntax) You've used an array slice (indicated by @) to select a |
5552 | single element of an array. Generally it's better to ask for a scalar | |
5553 | value (indicated by $). The difference is that C<$foo[&bar]> always | |
5554 | behaves like a scalar, both when assigning to it and when evaluating its | |
5555 | argument, while C<@foo[&bar]> behaves like a list when you assign to it, | |
5556 | and provides a list context to its subscript, which can do weird things | |
5557 | if you're expecting only one subscript. | |
a0d0e21e | 5558 | |
748a9306 | 5559 | On the other hand, if you were actually hoping to treat the array |
5f05dabc | 5560 | element as a list, you need to look into how references work, because |
748a9306 LW |
5561 | Perl will not magically convert between scalars and lists for you. See |
5562 | L<perlref>. | |
5563 | ||
a6006777 | 5564 | =item Scalar value @%s{%s} better written as $%s{%s} |
5565 | ||
75b44862 | 5566 | (W syntax) You've used a hash slice (indicated by @) to select a single |
be771a83 GS |
5567 | element of a hash. Generally it's better to ask for a scalar value |
5568 | (indicated by $). The difference is that C<$foo{&bar}> always behaves | |
5569 | like a scalar, both when assigning to it and when evaluating its | |
5570 | argument, while C<@foo{&bar}> behaves like a list when you assign to it, | |
5571 | and provides a list context to its subscript, which can do weird things | |
5572 | if you're expecting only one subscript. | |
5573 | ||
5574 | On the other hand, if you were actually hoping to treat the hash element | |
5575 | as a list, you need to look into how references work, because Perl will | |
5576 | not magically convert between scalars and lists for you. See | |
a6006777 | 5577 | L<perlref>. |
5578 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
5579 | =item Search pattern not terminated |
5580 | ||
5581 | (F) The lexer couldn't find the final delimiter of a // or m{} | |
5582 | construct. Remember that bracketing delimiters count nesting level. | |
fb73857a | 5583 | Missing the leading C<$> from a variable C<$m> may cause this error. |
a0d0e21e | 5584 | |
ea9d9ebc | 5585 | Note that since Perl 5.10.0 a // can also be the I<defined-or> |
5d9c98cd | 5586 | construct, not just the empty search pattern. Therefore code written |
ea9d9ebc FC |
5587 | in Perl 5.10.0 or later that uses the // as the I<defined-or> can be |
5588 | misparsed by pre-5.10.0 Perls as a non-terminated search pattern. | |
5d9c98cd | 5589 | |
abc7ecad SP |
5590 | =item seekdir() attempted on invalid dirhandle %s |
5591 | ||
5592 | (W io) The dirhandle you are doing a seekdir() on is either closed or not | |
5593 | really a dirhandle. Check your control flow. | |
5594 | ||
3257ea4f FC |
5595 | =item %sseek() on unopened filehandle |
5596 | ||
5597 | (W unopened) You tried to use the seek() or sysseek() function on a | |
5598 | filehandle that was either never opened or has since been closed. | |
5599 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
5600 | =item select not implemented |
5601 | ||
5602 | (F) This machine doesn't implement the select() system call. | |
5603 | ||
ae21d580 | 5604 | =item Self-ties of arrays and hashes are not supported |
68a4a7e4 | 5605 | |
ae21d580 JH |
5606 | (F) Self-ties are of arrays and hashes are not supported in |
5607 | the current implementation. | |
68a4a7e4 | 5608 | |
6df41af2 | 5609 | =item Semicolon seems to be missing |
a0d0e21e | 5610 | |
75b44862 GS |
5611 | (W semicolon) A nearby syntax error was probably caused by a missing |
5612 | semicolon, or possibly some other missing operator, such as a comma. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
5613 | |
5614 | =item semi-panic: attempt to dup freed string | |
5615 | ||
be771a83 GS |
5616 | (S internal) The internal newSVsv() routine was called to duplicate a |
5617 | scalar that had previously been marked as free. | |
a0d0e21e | 5618 | |
6df41af2 | 5619 | =item sem%s not implemented |
a0d0e21e | 5620 | |
6df41af2 | 5621 | (F) You don't have System V semaphore IPC on your system. |
a0d0e21e | 5622 | |
69282e91 | 5623 | =item send() on closed socket %s |
a0d0e21e | 5624 | |
be771a83 | 5625 | (W closed) The socket you're sending to got itself closed sometime |
c289d2f7 | 5626 | before now. Check your control flow. |
a0d0e21e | 5627 | |
0ae4a328 FC |
5628 | =item Sequence "\c{" invalid |
5629 | ||
5630 | (F) These three characters may not appear in sequence in a | |
5631 | double-quotish context. This message is raised only on non-ASCII | |
5632 | platforms (a different error message is output on ASCII ones). If you | |
5633 | were intending to specify a control character with this sequence, you'll | |
5634 | have to use a different way to specify it. | |
5635 | ||
e0e4a6e3 | 5636 | =item Sequence (? incomplete in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
7b8d334a | 5637 | |
6903afa2 | 5638 | (F) A regular expression ended with an incomplete extension (?. The |
e0e4a6e3 | 5639 | S<<-- HERE> shows whereabouts in the regular expression the problem was |
6903afa2 | 5640 | discovered. See L<perlre>. |
1b1626e4 | 5641 | |
e0e4a6e3 FC |
5642 | =item Sequence (?%c...) not implemented in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in |
5643 | m/%s/ | |
a0d0e21e | 5644 | |
6903afa2 | 5645 | (F) A proposed regular expression extension has the character reserved |
e0e4a6e3 | 5646 | but has not yet been written. The S<<-- HERE> shows whereabouts in the |
9e3ec65c | 5647 | regular expression the problem was discovered. See L<perlre>. |
b45f050a | 5648 | |
e0e4a6e3 FC |
5649 | =item Sequence (?%s...) not recognized in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in |
5650 | m/%s/ | |
a0d0e21e | 5651 | |
d921c7bf | 5652 | (F) You used a regular expression extension that doesn't make sense. |
e0e4a6e3 | 5653 | The S<<-- HERE> shows whereabouts in the regular expression the problem was |
d921c7bf | 5654 | discovered. This may happen when using the C<(?^...)> construct to tell |
fb85c044 | 5655 | Perl to use the default regular expression modifiers, and you |
9442e3b8 | 5656 | redundantly specify a default modifier. For other |
9de15fec | 5657 | causes, see L<perlre>. |
a0d0e21e | 5658 | |
aec0ef10 | 5659 | =item Sequence (?#... not terminated in regex m/%s/ |
6df41af2 GS |
5660 | |
5661 | (F) A regular expression comment must be terminated by a closing | |
aec0ef10 | 5662 | parenthesis. Embedded parentheses aren't allowed. See |
7253e4e3 | 5663 | L<perlre>. |
6df41af2 | 5664 | |
07ea66ee FC |
5665 | =item Sequence (?&... not terminated in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in |
5666 | m/%s/ | |
5667 | ||
5668 | (F) A named reference of the form C<(?&...)> was missing the final | |
5669 | closing parenthesis after the name. The S<<-- HERE> shows whereabouts | |
5670 | in the regular expression the problem was discovered. | |
5671 | ||
e0e4a6e3 | 5672 | =item Sequence (?%c... not terminated in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> |
4599db5f FC |
5673 | in m/%s/ |
5674 | ||
5675 | (F) A named group of the form C<(?'...')> or C<< (?<...>) >> was missing the final | |
e0e4a6e3 | 5676 | closing quote or angle bracket. The S<<-- HERE> shows whereabouts in the |
4599db5f FC |
5677 | regular expression the problem was discovered. |
5678 | ||
e0e4a6e3 | 5679 | =item Sequence (?(%c... not terminated in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> |
4599db5f FC |
5680 | in m/%s/ |
5681 | ||
5682 | (F) A named reference of the form C<(?('...')...)> or C<< (?(<...>)...) >> was | |
5683 | missing the final closing quote or angle bracket after the name. The | |
e0e4a6e3 | 5684 | S<<-- HERE> shows whereabouts in the regular expression the problem was |
4599db5f FC |
5685 | discovered. |
5686 | ||
5b9ce456 KW |
5687 | =item Sequence (?... not terminated in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in |
5688 | m/%s/ | |
5689 | ||
5690 | (F) There was no matching closing parenthesis for the '('. The | |
5691 | S<<-- HERE> shows whereabouts in the regular expression the problem was | |
5692 | discovered. | |
5693 | ||
e0e4a6e3 FC |
5694 | =item Sequence \%s... not terminated in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in |
5695 | m/%s/ | |
5a25739d FC |
5696 | |
5697 | (F) The regular expression expects a mandatory argument following the escape | |
5698 | sequence and this has been omitted or incorrectly written. | |
5699 | ||
9da1dd8f DM |
5700 | =item Sequence (?{...}) not terminated with ')' |
5701 | ||
be149b43 DM |
5702 | (F) The end of the perl code contained within the {...} must be |
5703 | followed immediately by a ')'. | |
9da1dd8f | 5704 | |
74d1b2e4 | 5705 | =item Sequence (?PE<gt>... not terminated in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
4599db5f | 5706 | |
74d1b2e4 | 5707 | (F) A named reference of the form C<(?PE<gt>...)> was missing the final |
cfbef7dc KW |
5708 | closing parenthesis after the name. The S<<-- HERE> shows whereabouts |
5709 | in the regular expression the problem was discovered. | |
5710 | ||
5711 | =item Sequence (?PE<lt>... not terminated in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ | |
5712 | ||
5713 | (F) A named group of the form C<(?PE<lt>...E<gt>')> was missing the final | |
5714 | closing angle bracket. The S<<-- HERE> shows whereabouts in the | |
5715 | regular expression the problem was discovered. | |
5716 | ||
74d1b2e4 FC |
5717 | =item Sequence ?P=... not terminated in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in |
5718 | m/%s/ | |
cfbef7dc | 5719 | |
74d1b2e4 | 5720 | (F) A named reference of the form C<(?P=...)> was missing the final |
e0e4a6e3 | 5721 | closing parenthesis after the name. The S<<-- HERE> shows whereabouts |
4599db5f FC |
5722 | in the regular expression the problem was discovered. |
5723 | ||
5724 | =item Sequence (?R) not terminated in regex m/%s/ | |
5725 | ||
5726 | (F) An C<(?R)> or C<(?0)> sequence in a regular expression was missing the | |
5727 | final parenthesis. | |
5728 | ||
3de20fbe | 5729 | =item Z<>500 Server error |
a5f75d66 | 5730 | |
6903afa2 FC |
5731 | (A) This is the error message generally seen in a browser window |
5732 | when trying to run a CGI program (including SSI) over the web. The | |
5733 | actual error text varies widely from server to server. The most | |
5734 | frequently-seen variants are "500 Server error", "Method (something) | |
5735 | not permitted", "Document contains no data", "Premature end of script | |
5736 | headers", and "Did not produce a valid header". | |
9607fc9c | 5737 | |
5738 | B<This is a CGI error, not a Perl error>. | |
5739 | ||
6903afa2 FC |
5740 | You need to make sure your script is executable, is accessible by |
5741 | the user CGI is running the script under (which is probably not the | |
5742 | user account you tested it under), does not rely on any environment | |
5743 | variables (like PATH) from the user it isn't running under, and isn't | |
5744 | in a location where the CGI server can't find it, basically, more or | |
5745 | less. Please see the following for more information: | |
9607fc9c | 5746 | |
71c89d21 | 5747 | https://www.perl.org/CGI_MetaFAQ.html |
06a5f41f JH |
5748 | http://www.htmlhelp.org/faq/cgifaq.html |
5749 | http://www.w3.org/Security/Faq/ | |
a5f75d66 | 5750 | |
be94a901 GS |
5751 | You should also look at L<perlfaq9>. |
5752 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
5753 | =item setegid() not implemented |
5754 | ||
be771a83 GS |
5755 | (F) You tried to assign to C<$)>, and your operating system doesn't |
5756 | support the setegid() system call (or equivalent), or at least Configure | |
5757 | didn't think so. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
5758 | |
5759 | =item seteuid() not implemented | |
5760 | ||
be771a83 GS |
5761 | (F) You tried to assign to C<< $> >>, and your operating system doesn't |
5762 | support the seteuid() system call (or equivalent), or at least Configure | |
5763 | didn't think so. | |
a0d0e21e | 5764 | |
81777298 GS |
5765 | =item setpgrp can't take arguments |
5766 | ||
be771a83 GS |
5767 | (F) Your system has the setpgrp() from BSD 4.2, which takes no |
5768 | arguments, unlike POSIX setpgid(), which takes a process ID and process | |
5769 | group ID. | |
81777298 | 5770 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
5771 | =item setrgid() not implemented |
5772 | ||
be771a83 GS |
5773 | (F) You tried to assign to C<$(>, and your operating system doesn't |
5774 | support the setrgid() system call (or equivalent), or at least Configure | |
5775 | didn't think so. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
5776 | |
5777 | =item setruid() not implemented | |
5778 | ||
be771a83 GS |
5779 | (F) You tried to assign to C<$<>, and your operating system doesn't |
5780 | support the setruid() system call (or equivalent), or at least Configure | |
5781 | didn't think so. | |
a0d0e21e | 5782 | |
6df41af2 GS |
5783 | =item setsockopt() on closed socket %s |
5784 | ||
be771a83 GS |
5785 | (W closed) You tried to set a socket option on a closed socket. Did you |
5786 | forget to check the return value of your socket() call? See | |
6df41af2 GS |
5787 | L<perlfunc/setsockopt>. |
5788 | ||
520b6fb6 | 5789 | =item Setting $/ to a reference to %s is forbidden |
6da34ecb | 5790 | |
3f673807 FC |
5791 | (F) You assigned a reference to a scalar to C<$/> where the referenced item is |
5792 | not a positive integer. In older perls this B<appeared> to work the same as | |
5793 | setting it to C<undef> but was in fact internally different, less efficient | |
5794 | and with very bad luck could have resulted in your file being split by a | |
5795 | stringified form of the reference. | |
6da34ecb | 5796 | |
ea9d9ebc | 5797 | In Perl 5.20.0 this was changed so that it would be B<exactly> the same as |
3f673807 | 5798 | setting C<$/> to undef, with the exception that this warning would be thrown. |
6da34ecb | 5799 | |
3f673807 FC |
5800 | You are recommended to change your code to set C<$/> to C<undef> explicitly if |
5801 | you wish to slurp the file. As of Perl 5.28 assigning C<$/> to a reference | |
5802 | to an integer which isn't positive is a fatal error. | |
6da34ecb | 5803 | |
ee0ba734 | 5804 | =item Setting $/ to %s reference is forbidden |
a48e4205 FC |
5805 | |
5806 | (F) You tried to assign a reference to a non integer to C<$/>. In older | |
5807 | Perls this would have behaved similarly to setting it to a reference to | |
5808 | a positive integer, where the integer was the address of the reference. | |
5809 | As of Perl 5.20.0 this is a fatal error, to allow future versions of Perl | |
5810 | to use non-integer refs for more interesting purposes. | |
5811 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
5812 | =item shm%s not implemented |
5813 | ||
5814 | (F) You don't have System V shared memory IPC on your system. | |
5815 | ||
984200d0 YST |
5816 | =item !=~ should be !~ |
5817 | ||
5818 | (W syntax) The non-matching operator is !~, not !=~. !=~ will be | |
5819 | interpreted as the != (numeric not equal) and ~ (1's complement) | |
5820 | operators: probably not what you intended. | |
5821 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
5822 | =item /%s/ should probably be written as "%s" |
5823 | ||
5824 | (W syntax) You have used a pattern where Perl expected to find a string, | |
be771a83 GS |
5825 | as in the first argument to C<join>. Perl will treat the true or false |
5826 | result of matching the pattern against $_ as the string, which is | |
5827 | probably not what you had in mind. | |
6df41af2 | 5828 | |
69282e91 | 5829 | =item shutdown() on closed socket %s |
a0d0e21e | 5830 | |
75b44862 GS |
5831 | (W closed) You tried to do a shutdown on a closed socket. Seems a bit |
5832 | superfluous. | |
a0d0e21e | 5833 | |
f86702cc | 5834 | =item SIG%s handler "%s" not defined |
a0d0e21e | 5835 | |
be771a83 GS |
5836 | (W signal) The signal handler named in %SIG doesn't, in fact, exist. |
5837 | Perhaps you put it into the wrong package? | |
a0d0e21e | 5838 | |
efc859fb FC |
5839 | =item Slab leaked from cv %p |
5840 | ||
5841 | (S) If you see this message, then something is seriously wrong with the | |
5842 | internal bookkeeping of op trees. An op tree needed to be freed after | |
5843 | a compilation error, but could not be found, so it was leaked instead. | |
5844 | ||
3b9aea04 SH |
5845 | =item sleep(%u) too large |
5846 | ||
5847 | (W overflow) You called C<sleep> with a number that was larger than | |
5848 | it can reliably handle and C<sleep> probably slept for less time than | |
5849 | requested. | |
5850 | ||
30d9c59b Z |
5851 | =item Slurpy parameter not last |
5852 | ||
5853 | (F) In a subroutine signature, you put something after a slurpy (array or | |
5854 | hash) parameter. The slurpy parameter takes all the available arguments, | |
5855 | so there can't be any left to fill later parameters. | |
5856 | ||
7896dde7 Z |
5857 | =item Smart matching a non-overloaded object breaks encapsulation |
5858 | ||
5859 | (F) You should not use the C<~~> operator on an object that does not | |
5860 | overload it: Perl refuses to use the object's underlying structure | |
5861 | for the smart match. | |
5862 | ||
0f539b13 BF |
5863 | =item Smartmatch is experimental |
5864 | ||
5865 | (S experimental::smartmatch) This warning is emitted if you | |
5866 | use the smartmatch (C<~~>) operator. This is currently an experimental | |
5867 | feature, and its details are subject to change in future releases of | |
7896dde7 Z |
5868 | Perl. Particularly, its current behavior is noticed for being |
5869 | unnecessarily complex and unintuitive, and is very likely to be | |
5870 | overhauled. | |
0f539b13 | 5871 | |
b02f3645 AC |
5872 | =item Sorry, hash keys must be smaller than 2**31 bytes |
5873 | ||
5874 | (F) You tried to create a hash containing a very large key, where "very | |
5875 | large" means that it needs at least 2 gigabytes to store. Unfortunately, | |
5876 | Perl doesn't yet handle such large hash keys. You should | |
5877 | reconsider your design to avoid hashing such a long string directly. | |
5878 | ||
714f94d1 FC |
5879 | =item sort is now a reserved word |
5880 | ||
5881 | (F) An ancient error message that almost nobody ever runs into anymore. | |
5882 | But before sort was a keyword, people sometimes used it as a filehandle. | |
5883 | ||
f1c31c52 FC |
5884 | =item Source filters apply only to byte streams |
5885 | ||
5886 | (F) You tried to activate a source filter (usually by loading a | |
5887 | source filter module) within a string passed to C<eval>. This is | |
5888 | not permitted under the C<unicode_eval> feature. Consider using | |
5889 | C<evalbytes> instead. See L<feature>. | |
5890 | ||
8cbc2e3b JH |
5891 | =item splice() offset past end of array |
5892 | ||
5893 | (W misc) You attempted to specify an offset that was past the end of | |
fa816bf3 FC |
5894 | the array passed to splice(). Splicing will instead commence at the |
5895 | end of the array, rather than past it. If this isn't what you want, | |
5896 | try explicitly pre-extending the array by assigning $#array = $offset. | |
5897 | See L<perlfunc/splice>. | |
8cbc2e3b | 5898 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
5899 | =item Split loop |
5900 | ||
be771a83 GS |
5901 | (P) The split was looping infinitely. (Obviously, a split shouldn't |
5902 | iterate more times than there are characters of input, which is what | |
6903afa2 | 5903 | happened.) See L<perlfunc/split>. |
a0d0e21e | 5904 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
5905 | =item Statement unlikely to be reached |
5906 | ||
be771a83 GS |
5907 | (W exec) You did an exec() with some statement after it other than a |
5908 | die(). This is almost always an error, because exec() never returns | |
5909 | unless there was a failure. You probably wanted to use system() | |
5910 | instead, which does return. To suppress this warning, put the exec() in | |
5911 | a block by itself. | |
a0d0e21e | 5912 | |
a21eb52b FC |
5913 | =item "state" subroutine %s can't be in a package |
5914 | ||
5915 | (F) Lexically scoped subroutines aren't in a package, so it doesn't make | |
5916 | sense to try to declare one with a package qualifier on the front. | |
5917 | ||
a2e39214 FC |
5918 | =item "state %s" used in sort comparison |
5919 | ||
5920 | (W syntax) The package variables $a and $b are used for sort comparisons. | |
5921 | You used $a or $b in as an operand to the C<< <=> >> or C<cmp> operator inside a | |
5922 | sort comparison block, and the variable had earlier been declared as a | |
5923 | lexical variable. Either qualify the sort variable with the package | |
5924 | name, or rename the lexical variable. | |
5925 | ||
5a25739d FC |
5926 | =item "state" variable %s can't be in a package |
5927 | ||
5928 | (F) Lexically scoped variables aren't in a package, so it doesn't make | |
5929 | sense to try to declare one with a package qualifier on the front. Use | |
5930 | local() if you want to localize a package variable. | |
5931 | ||
9ddeeac9 | 5932 | =item stat() on unopened filehandle %s |
6df41af2 | 5933 | |
355b1299 JH |
5934 | (W unopened) You tried to use the stat() function on a filehandle that |
5935 | was either never opened or has since been closed. | |
6df41af2 | 5936 | |
5a25739d FC |
5937 | =item Strings with code points over 0xFF may not be mapped into in-memory file handles |
5938 | ||
5939 | (W utf8) You tried to open a reference to a scalar for read or append | |
5940 | where the scalar contained code points over 0xFF. In-memory files | |
5941 | model on-disk files and can only contain bytes. | |
5942 | ||
fe13d51d | 5943 | =item Stub found while resolving method "%s" overloading "%s" in package "%s" |
e7ea3e70 | 5944 | |
be771a83 GS |
5945 | (P) Overloading resolution over @ISA tree may be broken by importation |
5946 | stubs. Stubs should never be implicitly created, but explicit calls to | |
5947 | C<can> may break this. | |
e7ea3e70 | 5948 | |
a8c56356 DM |
5949 | =item Subroutine attributes must come before the signature |
5950 | ||
5951 | (F) When subroutine signatures are enabled, any subroutine attributes must | |
5952 | come before the signature. Note that this order was the opposite in | |
3b980406 | 5953 | versions 5.22..5.26. So: |
a8c56356 | 5954 | |
3b980406 Z |
5955 | sub foo :lvalue ($a, $b) { ... } # 5.20 and 5.28 + |
5956 | sub foo ($a, $b) :lvalue { ... } # 5.22 .. 5.26 | |
a8c56356 | 5957 | |
4e85e1b4 FC |
5958 | =item Subroutine "&%s" is not available |
5959 | ||
5960 | (W closure) During compilation, an inner named subroutine or eval is | |
5961 | attempting to capture an outer lexical subroutine that is not currently | |
5962 | available. This can happen for one of two reasons. First, the lexical | |
c387a7d0 FC |
5963 | subroutine may be declared in an outer anonymous subroutine that has |
5964 | not yet been created. (Remember that named subs are created at compile | |
5965 | time, while anonymous subs are created at run-time.) For example, | |
4e85e1b4 FC |
5966 | |
5967 | sub { my sub a {...} sub f { \&a } } | |
5968 | ||
c387a7d0 | 5969 | At the time that f is created, it can't capture the current "a" sub, |
4e85e1b4 FC |
5970 | since the anonymous subroutine hasn't been created yet. Conversely, the |
5971 | following won't give a warning since the anonymous subroutine has by now | |
5972 | been created and is live: | |
5973 | ||
5974 | sub { my sub a {...} eval 'sub f { \&a }' }->(); | |
5975 | ||
c387a7d0 FC |
5976 | The second situation is caused by an eval accessing a lexical subroutine |
5977 | that has gone out of scope, for example, | |
4e85e1b4 FC |
5978 | |
5979 | sub f { | |
5980 | my sub a {...} | |
5981 | sub { eval '\&a' } | |
5982 | } | |
5983 | f()->(); | |
5984 | ||
5985 | Here, when the '\&a' in the eval is being compiled, f() is not currently | |
5986 | being executed, so its &a is not available for capture. | |
5987 | ||
4eb94d7c FC |
5988 | =item "%s" subroutine &%s masks earlier declaration in same %s |
5989 | ||
52e3acf8 | 5990 | (W shadow) A "my" or "state" subroutine has been redeclared in the |
4eb94d7c FC |
5991 | current scope or statement, effectively eliminating all access to |
5992 | the previous instance. This is almost always a typographical error. | |
5993 | Note that the earlier subroutine will still exist until the end of | |
20d33786 | 5994 | the scope or until all closure references to it are destroyed. |
4eb94d7c | 5995 | |
9d92fedb FC |
5996 | =item Subroutine %s redefined |
5997 | ||
5998 | (W redefine) You redefined a subroutine. To suppress this warning, say | |
5999 | ||
6000 | { | |
6001 | no warnings 'redefine'; | |
6002 | eval "sub name { ... }"; | |
6003 | } | |
6004 | ||
2a9203e9 FC |
6005 | =item Subroutine "%s" will not stay shared |
6006 | ||
6007 | (W closure) An inner (nested) I<named> subroutine is referencing a "my" | |
6008 | subroutine defined in an outer named subroutine. | |
6009 | ||
6010 | When the inner subroutine is called, it will see the value of the outer | |
6011 | subroutine's lexical subroutine as it was before and during the *first* | |
6012 | call to the outer subroutine; in this case, after the first call to the | |
6013 | outer subroutine is complete, the inner and outer subroutines will no | |
6014 | longer share a common value for the lexical subroutine. In other words, | |
6015 | it will no longer be shared. This will especially make a difference | |
6016 | if the lexical subroutines accesses lexical variables declared in its | |
6017 | surrounding scope. | |
6018 | ||
6019 | This problem can usually be solved by making the inner subroutine | |
6020 | anonymous, using the C<sub {}> syntax. When inner anonymous subs that | |
6021 | reference lexical subroutines in outer subroutines are created, they | |
6022 | are automatically rebound to the current values of such lexical subs. | |
6023 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
6024 | =item Substitution loop |
6025 | ||
be771a83 GS |
6026 | (P) The substitution was looping infinitely. (Obviously, a substitution |
6027 | shouldn't iterate more times than there are characters of input, which | |
6028 | is what happened.) See the discussion of substitution in | |
5d44bfff | 6029 | L<perlop/"Regexp Quote-Like Operators">. |
a0d0e21e LW |
6030 | |
6031 | =item Substitution pattern not terminated | |
6032 | ||
d1be9408 | 6033 | (F) The lexer couldn't find the interior delimiter of an s/// or s{}{} |
a0d0e21e | 6034 | construct. Remember that bracketing delimiters count nesting level. |
fb73857a | 6035 | Missing the leading C<$> from variable C<$s> may cause this error. |
a0d0e21e LW |
6036 | |
6037 | =item Substitution replacement not terminated | |
6038 | ||
d1be9408 | 6039 | (F) The lexer couldn't find the final delimiter of an s/// or s{}{} |
a0d0e21e | 6040 | construct. Remember that bracketing delimiters count nesting level. |
fb73857a | 6041 | Missing the leading C<$> from variable C<$s> may cause this error. |
a0d0e21e LW |
6042 | |
6043 | =item substr outside of string | |
6044 | ||
8a9eb13d | 6045 | (W substr)(F) You tried to reference a substr() that pointed outside of |
be771a83 GS |
6046 | a string. That is, the absolute value of the offset was larger than the |
6047 | length of the string. See L<perlfunc/substr>. This warning is fatal if | |
6048 | substr is used in an lvalue context (as the left hand side of an | |
6049 | assignment or as a subroutine argument for example). | |
a0d0e21e | 6050 | |
bf1320bf RGS |
6051 | =item sv_upgrade from type %d down to type %d |
6052 | ||
9d277376 | 6053 | (P) Perl tried to force the upgrade of an SV to a type which was actually |
bf1320bf RGS |
6054 | inferior to its current type. |
6055 | ||
6fbc9859 | 6056 | =item Switch (?(condition)... contains too many branches in regex; marked by |
e0e4a6e3 | 6057 | S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
b45f050a | 6058 | |
fa816bf3 FC |
6059 | (F) A (?(condition)if-clause|else-clause) construct can have at most |
6060 | two branches (the if-clause and the else-clause). If you want one or | |
6061 | both to contain alternation, such as using C<this|that|other>, enclose | |
6062 | it in clustering parentheses: | |
b45f050a JF |
6063 | |
6064 | (?(condition)(?:this|that|other)|else-clause) | |
6065 | ||
e0e4a6e3 | 6066 | The S<<-- HERE> shows whereabouts in the regular expression the problem |
fa816bf3 | 6067 | was discovered. See L<perlre>. |
b45f050a | 6068 | |
e0e4a6e3 FC |
6069 | =item Switch condition not recognized in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in |
6070 | m/%s/ | |
b45f050a | 6071 | |
9f57786a FC |
6072 | (F) The condition part of a (?(condition)if-clause|else-clause) construct |
6073 | is not known. The condition must be one of the following: | |
6074 | ||
6075 | (1) (2) ... true if 1st, 2nd, etc., capture matched | |
6076 | (<NAME>) ('NAME') true if named capture matched | |
6077 | (?=...) (?<=...) true if subpattern matches | |
6078 | (?!...) (?<!...) true if subpattern fails to match | |
6079 | (?{ CODE }) true if code returns a true value | |
6080 | (R) true if evaluating inside recursion | |
6081 | (R1) (R2) ... true if directly inside capture group 1, 2, etc. | |
6082 | (R&NAME) true if directly inside named capture | |
6083 | (DEFINE) always false; for defining named subpatterns | |
6084 | ||
6e8a73f2 | 6085 | The S<<-- HERE> shows whereabouts in the regular expression the problem was |
9f57786a | 6086 | discovered. See L<perlre>. |
b45f050a | 6087 | |
a1244175 FC |
6088 | =item Switch (?(condition)... not terminated in regex; marked by |
6089 | S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ | |
6090 | ||
99775d13 FC |
6091 | (F) You omitted to close a (?(condition)...) block somewhere |
6092 | in the pattern. Add a closing parenthesis in the appropriate | |
6093 | position. See L<perlre>. | |
a1244175 | 6094 | |
85ab1d1d JH |
6095 | =item switching effective %s is not implemented |
6096 | ||
be771a83 GS |
6097 | (F) While under the C<use filetest> pragma, we cannot switch the real |
6098 | and effective uids or gids. | |
85ab1d1d | 6099 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
6100 | =item syntax error |
6101 | ||
6102 | (F) Probably means you had a syntax error. Common reasons include: | |
6103 | ||
6104 | A keyword is misspelled. | |
6105 | A semicolon is missing. | |
6106 | A comma is missing. | |
6107 | An opening or closing parenthesis is missing. | |
6108 | An opening or closing brace is missing. | |
6109 | A closing quote is missing. | |
6110 | ||
6111 | Often there will be another error message associated with the syntax | |
6112 | error giving more information. (Sometimes it helps to turn on B<-w>.) | |
6113 | The error message itself often tells you where it was in the line when | |
6114 | it decided to give up. Sometimes the actual error is several tokens | |
5f05dabc | 6115 | before this, because Perl is good at understanding random input. |
a0d0e21e LW |
6116 | Occasionally the line number may be misleading, and once in a blue moon |
6117 | the only way to figure out what's triggering the error is to call | |
6118 | C<perl -c> repeatedly, chopping away half the program each time to see | |
524e9188 | 6119 | if the error went away. Sort of the cybernetic version of S<20 questions>. |
a0d0e21e | 6120 | |
ccf3535a | 6121 | =item syntax error at line %d: '%s' unexpected |
cb1a09d0 | 6122 | |
be771a83 GS |
6123 | (A) You've accidentally run your script through the Bourne shell instead |
6124 | of Perl. Check the #! line, or manually feed your script into Perl | |
6125 | yourself. | |
cb1a09d0 | 6126 | |
25f58aea PN |
6127 | =item syntax error in file %s at line %d, next 2 tokens "%s" |
6128 | ||
6129 | (F) This error is likely to occur if you run a perl5 script through | |
6130 | a perl4 interpreter, especially if the next 2 tokens are "use strict" | |
6131 | or "my $var" or "our $var". | |
6132 | ||
19a498a4 | 6133 | =item Syntax error in (?[...]) in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
675fa9ff FC |
6134 | |
6135 | (F) Perl could not figure out what you meant inside this construct; this | |
6136 | notifies you that it is giving up trying. | |
6137 | ||
591f5ca2 FC |
6138 | =item %s syntax OK |
6139 | ||
6140 | (F) The final summary message when a C<perl -c> succeeds. | |
6141 | ||
b5fe5ca2 SR |
6142 | =item sysread() on closed filehandle %s |
6143 | ||
6144 | (W closed) You tried to read from a closed filehandle. | |
6145 | ||
6146 | =item sysread() on unopened filehandle %s | |
6147 | ||
6148 | (W unopened) You tried to read from a filehandle that was never opened. | |
6149 | ||
6087ac44 | 6150 | =item System V %s is not implemented on this machine |
a0d0e21e | 6151 | |
6087ac44 JH |
6152 | (F) You tried to do something with a function beginning with "sem", |
6153 | "shm", or "msg" but that System V IPC is not implemented in your | |
6154 | machine. In some machines the functionality can exist but be | |
6155 | unconfigured. Consult your system support. | |
a0d0e21e | 6156 | |
69282e91 | 6157 | =item syswrite() on closed filehandle %s |
a0d0e21e | 6158 | |
be771a83 | 6159 | (W closed) The filehandle you're writing to got itself closed sometime |
c289d2f7 | 6160 | before now. Check your control flow. |
a0d0e21e | 6161 | |
96ebfdd7 RK |
6162 | =item C<-T> and C<-B> not implemented on filehandles |
6163 | ||
6164 | (F) Perl can't peek at the stdio buffer of filehandles when it doesn't | |
6165 | know about your kind of stdio. You'll have to use a filename instead. | |
6166 | ||
fc36a67e | 6167 | =item Target of goto is too deeply nested |
6168 | ||
be771a83 GS |
6169 | (F) You tried to use C<goto> to reach a label that was too deeply nested |
6170 | for Perl to reach. Perl is doing you a favor by refusing. | |
fc36a67e | 6171 | |
abc7ecad SP |
6172 | =item telldir() attempted on invalid dirhandle %s |
6173 | ||
6174 | (W io) The dirhandle you tried to telldir() is either closed or not really | |
6175 | a dirhandle. Check your control flow. | |
6176 | ||
c2771421 FC |
6177 | =item tell() on unopened filehandle |
6178 | ||
6179 | (W unopened) You tried to use the tell() function on a filehandle that | |
6180 | was either never opened or has since been closed. | |
6181 | ||
67b16946 | 6182 | =item The crypt() function is unimplemented due to excessive paranoia. |
a0d0e21e LW |
6183 | |
6184 | (F) Configure couldn't find the crypt() function on your machine, | |
6185 | probably because your vendor didn't supply it, probably because they | |
8b1a09fc | 6186 | think the U.S. Government thinks it's a secret, or at least that they |
a0d0e21e LW |
6187 | will continue to pretend that it is. And if you quote me on that, I |
6188 | will deny it. | |
6189 | ||
3f645a4e FC |
6190 | =item The experimental declared_refs feature is not enabled |
6191 | ||
6192 | (F) To declare references to variables, as in C<my \%x>, you must first enable | |
6193 | the feature: | |
6194 | ||
6195 | no warnings "experimental::declared_refs"; | |
6196 | use feature "declared_refs"; | |
6197 | ||
675fa9ff FC |
6198 | =item The %s function is unimplemented |
6199 | ||
6200 | (F) The function indicated isn't implemented on this architecture, | |
6201 | according to the probings of Configure. | |
6202 | ||
21c34e97 KW |
6203 | =item The private_use feature is experimental |
6204 | ||
6205 | (S experimental::private_use) This feature is actually a hook for future | |
6206 | use. | |
6207 | ||
0d0b4b3b KW |
6208 | =item The regex_sets feature is experimental |
6209 | ||
6210 | (S experimental::regex_sets) This warning is emitted if you | |
6211 | use the syntax S<C<(?[ ])>> in a regular expression. | |
6212 | The details of this feature are subject to change. | |
27169d38 | 6213 | If you want to use it, but know that in doing so you |
0d0b4b3b KW |
6214 | are taking the risk of using an experimental feature which may |
6215 | change in a future Perl version, you can do this to silence the | |
6216 | warning: | |
6217 | ||
6218 | no warnings "experimental::regex_sets"; | |
6219 | ||
30d9c59b Z |
6220 | =item The signatures feature is experimental |
6221 | ||
6222 | (S experimental::signatures) This warning is emitted if you unwrap a | |
6223 | subroutine's arguments using a signature. Simply suppress the warning | |
6224 | if you want to use the feature, but know that in doing so you are taking | |
6225 | the risk of using an experimental feature which may change or be removed | |
6226 | in a future Perl version: | |
6227 | ||
6228 | no warnings "experimental::signatures"; | |
6229 | use feature "signatures"; | |
6230 | sub foo ($left, $right) { ... } | |
6231 | ||
5e1c7ca2 | 6232 | =item The stat preceding %s wasn't an lstat |
a0d0e21e | 6233 | |
be771a83 GS |
6234 | (F) It makes no sense to test the current stat buffer for symbolic |
6235 | linkhood if the last stat that wrote to the stat buffer already went | |
6236 | past the symlink to get to the real file. Use an actual filename | |
6237 | instead. | |
a0d0e21e | 6238 | |
1532347b KW |
6239 | =item The Unicode property wildcards feature is experimental |
6240 | ||
6241 | (S experimental::uniprop_wildcards) This feature is experimental | |
6242 | and its behavior may in any future release of perl. See | |
6243 | L<perlunicode/Wildcards in Property Values>. | |
6244 | ||
371fce9b DM |
6245 | =item The 'unique' attribute may only be applied to 'our' variables |
6246 | ||
1108974d | 6247 | (F) This attribute was never supported on C<my> or C<sub> declarations. |
371fce9b | 6248 | |
437784d6 | 6249 | =item This Perl can't reset CRTL environ elements (%s) |
f675dbe5 CB |
6250 | |
6251 | =item This Perl can't set CRTL environ elements (%s=%s) | |
6252 | ||
75b44862 | 6253 | (W internal) Warnings peculiar to VMS. You tried to change or delete an |
be771a83 GS |
6254 | element of the CRTL's internal environ array, but your copy of Perl |
6255 | wasn't built with a CRTL that contained the setenv() function. You'll | |
6256 | need to rebuild Perl with a CRTL that does, or redefine | |
6257 | F<PERL_ENV_TABLES> (see L<perlvms>) so that the environ array isn't the | |
6258 | target of the change to | |
f675dbe5 CB |
6259 | %ENV which produced the warning. |
6260 | ||
6a5b4183 YO |
6261 | =item This Perl has not been built with support for randomized hash key traversal but something called Perl_hv_rand_set(). |
6262 | ||
6263 | (F) Something has attempted to use an internal API call which | |
6264 | depends on Perl being compiled with the default support for randomized hash | |
f26c79ba | 6265 | key traversal, but this Perl has been compiled without it. You should |
6a5b4183 YO |
6266 | report this warning to the relevant upstream party, or recompile perl |
6267 | with default options. | |
6268 | ||
1f692f6a JK |
6269 | =item This use of my() in false conditional is no longer allowed |
6270 | ||
6271 | (F) You used a declaration similar to C<my $x if 0>. There | |
6272 | has been a long-standing bug in Perl that causes a lexical variable | |
6273 | not to be cleared at scope exit when its declaration includes a false | |
6274 | conditional. Some people have exploited this bug to achieve a kind of | |
6275 | static variable. Since we intend to fix this bug, we don't want people | |
6276 | relying on this behavior. You can achieve a similar static effect by | |
6277 | declaring the variable in a separate block outside the function, eg | |
6278 | ||
6279 | sub f { my $x if 0; return $x++ } | |
6280 | ||
6281 | becomes | |
6282 | ||
6283 | { my $x; sub f { return $x++ } } | |
6284 | ||
6285 | Beginning with perl 5.10.0, you can also use C<state> variables to have | |
6286 | lexicals that are initialized only once (see L<feature>): | |
6287 | ||
6288 | sub f { state $x; return $x++ } | |
6289 | ||
6290 | This use of C<my()> in a false conditional was deprecated beginning in | |
6291 | Perl 5.10 and became a fatal error in Perl 5.30. | |
6292 | ||
cac13810 KW |
6293 | =item Timeout waiting for another thread to define \p{%s} |
6294 | ||
6295 | (F) The first time a user-defined property | |
6296 | (L<perlunicode/User-Defined Character Properties>) is used, its | |
6297 | definition is looked up and converted into an internal form for more | |
6298 | efficient handling in subsequent uses. There could be a race if two or | |
6299 | more threads tried to do this processing nearly simultaneously. | |
6300 | Instead, a critical section is created around this task, locking out all | |
6301 | but one thread from doing it. This message indicates that the thread | |
6302 | that is doing the conversion is taking an unexpectedly long time. The | |
6303 | timeout exists solely to prevent deadlock; it's long enough that the | |
6304 | system was likely thrashing and about to crash. There is no real remedy but | |
6305 | rebooting. | |
6306 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
6307 | =item times not implemented |
6308 | ||
be771a83 GS |
6309 | (F) Your version of the C library apparently doesn't do times(). I |
6310 | suspect you're not running on Unix. | |
a0d0e21e | 6311 | |
6d3b25aa RGS |
6312 | =item "-T" is on the #! line, it must also be used on the command line |
6313 | ||
b7e4ecc1 FC |
6314 | (X) The #! line (or local equivalent) in a Perl script contains |
6315 | the B<-T> option (or the B<-t> option), but Perl was not invoked with | |
6316 | B<-T> in its command line. This is an error because, by the time | |
6317 | Perl discovers a B<-T> in a script, it's too late to properly taint | |
6318 | everything from the environment. So Perl gives up. | |
6d3b25aa RGS |
6319 | |
6320 | If the Perl script is being executed as a command using the #! | |
b7e4ecc1 FC |
6321 | mechanism (or its local equivalent), this error can usually be |
6322 | fixed by editing the #! line so that the B<-%c> option is a part of | |
6323 | Perl's first argument: e.g. change C<perl -n -%c> to C<perl -%c -n>. | |
6d3b25aa RGS |
6324 | |
6325 | If the Perl script is being executed as C<perl scriptname>, then the | |
fe13d51d | 6326 | B<-%c> option must appear on the command line: C<perl -%c scriptname>. |
6d3b25aa | 6327 | |
3a2263fe RGS |
6328 | =item To%s: illegal mapping '%s' |
6329 | ||
6330 | (F) You tried to define a customized To-mapping for lc(), lcfirst, | |
6331 | uc(), or ucfirst() (or their string-inlined versions), but you | |
6332 | specified an illegal mapping. | |
6333 | See L<perlunicode/"User-Defined Character Properties">. | |
6334 | ||
49704364 WL |
6335 | =item Too deeply nested ()-groups |
6336 | ||
1a147d38 | 6337 | (F) Your template contains ()-groups with a ridiculously deep nesting level. |
49704364 | 6338 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
6339 | =item Too few args to syscall |
6340 | ||
6341 | (F) There has to be at least one argument to syscall() to specify the | |
6342 | system call to call, silly dilly. | |
6343 | ||
0f14f058 | 6344 | =item Too few arguments for subroutine '%s' (got %d; expected %d) |
bb6b75cd | 6345 | |
3f673807 FC |
6346 | (F) A subroutine using a signature fewer arguments than required by the |
6347 | signature. The caller of the subroutine is presumably at fault. | |
bb6b75cd | 6348 | |
3f673807 FC |
6349 | The message attempts to include the name of the called subroutine. If |
6350 | the subroutine has been aliased, the subroutine's original name will be | |
0f14f058 FG |
6351 | shown, regardless of what name the caller used. It will also indicate the |
6352 | number of arguments given and the number expected. | |
6353 | ||
6354 | =item Too few arguments for subroutine '%s' (got %d; expected at least %d) | |
6355 | ||
6356 | Similar to the previous message but for subroutines that accept a variable | |
6357 | number of arguments. | |
ac7609e4 | 6358 | |
96ebfdd7 RK |
6359 | =item Too late for "-%s" option |
6360 | ||
6361 | (X) The #! line (or local equivalent) in a Perl script contains the | |
4ba71d51 FC |
6362 | B<-M>, B<-m> or B<-C> option. |
6363 | ||
6903afa2 FC |
6364 | In the case of B<-M> and B<-m>, this is an error because those options |
6365 | are not intended for use inside scripts. Use the C<use> pragma instead. | |
4ba71d51 | 6366 | |
6903afa2 FC |
6367 | The B<-C> option only works if it is specified on the command line as |
6368 | well (with the same sequence of letters or numbers following). Either | |
6369 | specify this option on the command line, or, if your system supports | |
6370 | it, make your script executable and run it directly instead of passing | |
6371 | it to perl. | |
96ebfdd7 | 6372 | |
ddda08b7 GS |
6373 | =item Too late to run %s block |
6374 | ||
6375 | (W void) A CHECK or INIT block is being defined during run time proper, | |
6376 | when the opportunity to run them has already passed. Perhaps you are | |
be771a83 GS |
6377 | loading a file with C<require> or C<do> when you should be using C<use> |
6378 | instead. Or perhaps you should put the C<require> or C<do> inside a | |
6379 | BEGIN block. | |
ddda08b7 | 6380 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
6381 | =item Too many args to syscall |
6382 | ||
5f05dabc | 6383 | (F) Perl supports a maximum of only 14 args to syscall(). |
a0d0e21e LW |
6384 | |
6385 | =item Too many arguments for %s | |
6386 | ||
6387 | (F) The function requires fewer arguments than you specified. | |
6388 | ||
0f14f058 | 6389 | =item Too many arguments for subroutine '%s' (got %d; expected %d) |
bb6b75cd | 6390 | |
3f673807 FC |
6391 | (F) A subroutine using a signature received more arguments than permitted |
6392 | by the signature. The caller of the subroutine is presumably at fault. | |
bb6b75cd | 6393 | |
ac7609e4 AC |
6394 | The message attempts to include the name of the called subroutine. If the |
6395 | subroutine has been aliased, the subroutine's original name will be shown, | |
0f14f058 FG |
6396 | regardless of what name the caller used. It will also indicate the number |
6397 | of arguments given and the number expected. | |
6398 | ||
6399 | =item Too many arguments for subroutine '%s' (got %d; expected at most %d) | |
6400 | ||
6401 | Similar to the previous message but for subroutines that accept a variable | |
6402 | number of arguments. | |
bb6b75cd | 6403 | |
6ef7fe53 KW |
6404 | =item Too many nested open parens in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
6405 | ||
6406 | (F) You have exceeded the number of open C<"("> parentheses that haven't | |
6407 | been matched by corresponding closing ones. This limit prevents eating | |
6408 | up too much memory. It is initially set to 1000, but may be changed by | |
6409 | setting C<${^RE_COMPILE_RECURSION_LIMIT}> to some other value. This may | |
6410 | need to be done in a BEGIN block before the regular expression pattern | |
6411 | is compiled. | |
6412 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
6413 | =item Too many )'s |
6414 | ||
49704364 WL |
6415 | (A) You've accidentally run your script through B<csh> instead of Perl. |
6416 | Check the #! line, or manually feed your script into Perl yourself. | |
6417 | ||
8c40cb74 NC |
6418 | =item Too many ('s |
6419 | ||
be771a83 GS |
6420 | (A) You've accidentally run your script through B<csh> instead of Perl. |
6421 | Check the #! line, or manually feed your script into Perl yourself. | |
6df41af2 | 6422 | |
7253e4e3 | 6423 | =item Trailing \ in regex m/%s/ |
a0d0e21e | 6424 | |
be771a83 GS |
6425 | (F) The regular expression ends with an unbackslashed backslash. |
6426 | Backslash it. See L<perlre>. | |
a0d0e21e | 6427 | |
2c268ad5 | 6428 | =item Transliteration pattern not terminated |
a0d0e21e LW |
6429 | |
6430 | (F) The lexer couldn't find the interior delimiter of a tr/// or tr[][] | |
fb73857a | 6431 | or y/// or y[][] construct. Missing the leading C<$> from variables |
6432 | C<$tr> or C<$y> may cause this error. | |
a0d0e21e | 6433 | |
2c268ad5 | 6434 | =item Transliteration replacement not terminated |
a0d0e21e | 6435 | |
6a36df5d YST |
6436 | (F) The lexer couldn't find the final delimiter of a tr///, tr[][], |
6437 | y/// or y[][] construct. | |
a0d0e21e | 6438 | |
96ebfdd7 RK |
6439 | =item '%s' trapped by operation mask |
6440 | ||
6441 | (F) You tried to use an operator from a Safe compartment in which it's | |
6903afa2 | 6442 | disallowed. See L<Safe>. |
96ebfdd7 | 6443 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
6444 | =item truncate not implemented |
6445 | ||
6446 | (F) Your machine doesn't implement a file truncation mechanism that | |
6447 | Configure knows about. | |
6448 | ||
a1325b90 PE |
6449 | =item try/catch is experimental |
6450 | ||
6451 | (S experimental::try) This warning is emitted if you use the C<try> and | |
6452 | C<catch> syntax. This syntax is currently experimental and its behaviour may | |
6453 | change in future releases of Perl. | |
6454 | ||
01f2495a PE |
6455 | =item try/catch/finally is experimental |
6456 | ||
6457 | (S experimental::try) This warning is emitted if you use the C<try> and | |
6458 | C<catch> syntax with a C<finally> block. This syntax is currently experimental | |
6459 | and its behaviour may change in future releases of Perl. | |
6460 | ||
19c481f4 FC |
6461 | =item Type of arg %d to &CORE::%s must be %s |
6462 | ||
6463 | (F) The subroutine in question in the CORE package requires its argument | |
6464 | to be a hard reference to data of the specified type. Overloading is | |
6465 | ignored, so a reference to an object that is not the specified type, but | |
6466 | nonetheless has overloading to handle it, will still not be accepted. | |
6467 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
6468 | =item Type of arg %d to %s must be %s (not %s) |
6469 | ||
6470 | (F) This function requires the argument in that position to be of a | |
8b1a09fc | 6471 | certain type. Arrays must be @NAME or C<@{EXPR}>. Hashes must be |
6472 | %NAME or C<%{EXPR}>. No implicit dereferencing is allowed--use the | |
a0d0e21e LW |
6473 | {EXPR} forms as an explicit dereference. See L<perlref>. |
6474 | ||
eec2d3df GS |
6475 | =item umask not implemented |
6476 | ||
be771a83 GS |
6477 | (F) Your machine doesn't implement the umask function and you tried to |
6478 | use it to restrict permissions for yourself (EXPR & 0700). | |
a0d0e21e LW |
6479 | |
6480 | =item Unbalanced context: %d more PUSHes than POPs | |
6481 | ||
c632e777 | 6482 | (S internal) The exit code detected an internal inconsistency in how |
be771a83 | 6483 | many execution contexts were entered and left. |
a0d0e21e LW |
6484 | |
6485 | =item Unbalanced saves: %d more saves than restores | |
6486 | ||
4a983e45 | 6487 | (S internal) The exit code detected an internal inconsistency in how |
be771a83 | 6488 | many values were temporarily localized. |
a0d0e21e LW |
6489 | |
6490 | =item Unbalanced scopes: %d more ENTERs than LEAVEs | |
6491 | ||
090cebb2 | 6492 | (S internal) The exit code detected an internal inconsistency in how |
be771a83 | 6493 | many blocks were entered and left. |
a0d0e21e | 6494 | |
6651ba0b FC |
6495 | =item Unbalanced string table refcount: (%d) for "%s" |
6496 | ||
31ff3bd2 | 6497 | (S internal) On exit, Perl found some strings remaining in the shared |
6651ba0b FC |
6498 | string table used for copy on write and for hash keys. The entries |
6499 | should have been freed, so this indicates a bug somewhere. | |
6500 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
6501 | =item Unbalanced tmps: %d more allocs than frees |
6502 | ||
2092d7c1 | 6503 | (S internal) The exit code detected an internal inconsistency in how |
be771a83 | 6504 | many mortal scalars were allocated and freed. |
a0d0e21e LW |
6505 | |
6506 | =item Undefined format "%s" called | |
6507 | ||
6508 | (F) The format indicated doesn't seem to exist. Perhaps it's really in | |
6509 | another package? See L<perlform>. | |
6510 | ||
6511 | =item Undefined sort subroutine "%s" called | |
6512 | ||
be771a83 GS |
6513 | (F) The sort comparison routine specified doesn't seem to exist. |
6514 | Perhaps it's in a different package? See L<perlfunc/sort>. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
6515 | |
6516 | =item Undefined subroutine &%s called | |
6517 | ||
be771a83 GS |
6518 | (F) The subroutine indicated hasn't been defined, or if it was, it has |
6519 | since been undefined. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
6520 | |
6521 | =item Undefined subroutine called | |
6522 | ||
6523 | (F) The anonymous subroutine you're trying to call hasn't been defined, | |
6524 | or if it was, it has since been undefined. | |
6525 | ||
6526 | =item Undefined subroutine in sort | |
6527 | ||
be771a83 GS |
6528 | (F) The sort comparison routine specified is declared but doesn't seem |
6529 | to have been defined yet. See L<perlfunc/sort>. | |
a0d0e21e | 6530 | |
4633a7c4 LW |
6531 | =item Undefined top format "%s" called |
6532 | ||
6533 | (F) The format indicated doesn't seem to exist. Perhaps it's really in | |
6534 | another package? See L<perlform>. | |
6535 | ||
20408e3c GS |
6536 | =item Undefined value assigned to typeglob |
6537 | ||
be771a83 GS |
6538 | (W misc) An undefined value was assigned to a typeglob, a la |
6539 | C<*foo = undef>. This does nothing. It's possible that you really mean | |
6540 | C<undef *foo>. | |
20408e3c | 6541 | |
6df41af2 GS |
6542 | =item %s: Undefined variable |
6543 | ||
be771a83 GS |
6544 | (A) You've accidentally run your script through B<csh> instead of Perl. |
6545 | Check the #! line, or manually feed your script into Perl yourself. | |
6df41af2 | 6546 | |
f50fa03b KW |
6547 | =item Unescaped left brace in regex is illegal here in regex; |
6548 | marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ | |
76416d1a | 6549 | |
f50fa03b | 6550 | (F) The simple rule to remember, if you want to |
76416d1a KW |
6551 | match a literal C<"{"> character (U+007B C<LEFT CURLY BRACKET>) in a |
6552 | regular expression pattern, is to escape each literal instance of it in | |
6553 | some way. Generally easiest is to precede it with a backslash, like | |
6554 | C<"\{"> or enclose it in square brackets (C<"[{]">). If the pattern | |
6555 | delimiters are also braces, any matching right brace (C<"}">) should | |
6556 | also be escaped to avoid confusing the parser, for example, | |
6557 | ||
6558 | qr{abc\{def\}ghi} | |
6559 | ||
c217aa7e | 6560 | Forcing literal C<"{"> characters to be escaped enables the Perl |
76416d1a | 6561 | language to be extended in various ways in future releases. To avoid |
a3815e44 | 6562 | needlessly breaking existing code, the restriction is not enforced in |
76416d1a KW |
6563 | contexts where there are unlikely to ever be extensions that could |
6564 | conflict with the use there of C<"{"> as a literal. Those that are | |
f50fa03b KW |
6565 | not potentially ambiguous do not warn; those that are do raise a |
6566 | non-deprecation warning. | |
8e84dec2 KW |
6567 | |
6568 | The contexts where no warnings or errors are raised are: | |
6569 | ||
6570 | =over 4 | |
6571 | ||
6572 | =item * | |
6573 | ||
21792e61 | 6574 | as the first character in a pattern, or following C<"^"> indicating to |
8e84dec2 KW |
6575 | anchor the match to the beginning of a line. |
6576 | ||
6577 | =item * | |
6578 | ||
21792e61 | 6579 | as the first character following a C<"|"> indicating alternation. |
8e84dec2 KW |
6580 | |
6581 | =item * | |
6582 | ||
6583 | as the first character in a parenthesized grouping like | |
6584 | ||
6585 | /foo({bar)/ | |
6586 | /foo(?:{bar)/ | |
6587 | ||
6588 | =item * | |
6589 | ||
6590 | as the first character following a quantifier | |
6591 | ||
6592 | /\s*{/ | |
6593 | ||
6594 | =back | |
6595 | ||
6596 | =for comment | |
f50fa03b KW |
6597 | The text of the message above is mostly duplicated below (with changes) |
6598 | to allow splain (and 'use diagnostics') to work. Since one is fatal, | |
6599 | and one not, they can't be combined as one message. Perhaps perldiag | |
6600 | could be enhanced to handle this case. | |
8e84dec2 | 6601 | |
f50fa03b | 6602 | =item Unescaped left brace in regex is passed through in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
412f55bb | 6603 | |
f50fa03b | 6604 | (W regexp) The simple rule to remember, if you want to |
8e84dec2 KW |
6605 | match a literal C<"{"> character (U+007B C<LEFT CURLY BRACKET>) in a |
6606 | regular expression pattern, is to escape each literal instance of it in | |
6607 | some way. Generally easiest is to precede it with a backslash, like | |
6608 | C<"\{"> or enclose it in square brackets (C<"[{]">). If the pattern | |
6609 | delimiters are also braces, any matching right brace (C<"}">) should | |
6610 | also be escaped to avoid confusing the parser, for example, | |
6611 | ||
6612 | qr{abc\{def\}ghi} | |
6613 | ||
c217aa7e | 6614 | Forcing literal C<"{"> characters to be escaped enables the Perl |
8e84dec2 | 6615 | language to be extended in various ways in future releases. To avoid |
a3815e44 | 6616 | needlessly breaking existing code, the restriction is not enforced in |
8e84dec2 | 6617 | contexts where there are unlikely to ever be extensions that could |
76416d1a | 6618 | conflict with the use there of C<"{"> as a literal. Those that are |
f50fa03b KW |
6619 | not potentially ambiguous do not warn; those that are raise this |
6620 | warning. This makes sure that an inadvertent typo doesn't silently | |
6621 | cause the pattern to compile to something unintended. | |
8e84dec2 | 6622 | |
8e84dec2 KW |
6623 | The contexts where no warnings or errors are raised are: |
6624 | ||
6625 | =over 4 | |
6626 | ||
6627 | =item * | |
6628 | ||
6629 | as the first character in a pattern, or following C<"^"> indicating to | |
6630 | anchor the match to the beginning of a line. | |
6631 | ||
6632 | =item * | |
6633 | ||
6634 | as the first character following a C<"|"> indicating alternation. | |
6635 | ||
6636 | =item * | |
6637 | ||
6638 | as the first character in a parenthesized grouping like | |
6639 | ||
6640 | /foo({bar)/ | |
6641 | /foo(?:{bar)/ | |
6642 | ||
6643 | =item * | |
6644 | ||
6645 | as the first character following a quantifier | |
412f55bb | 6646 | |
8e84dec2 | 6647 | /\s*{/ |
412f55bb | 6648 | |
8e84dec2 | 6649 | =back |
1656665e | 6650 | |
a4368cc3 KW |
6651 | =item Unescaped literal '%c' in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
6652 | ||
6653 | (W regexp) (only under C<S<use re 'strict'>>) | |
6654 | ||
6655 | Within the scope of C<S<use re 'strict'>> in a regular expression | |
6656 | pattern, you included an unescaped C<}> or C<]> which was interpreted | |
6657 | literally. These two characters are sometimes metacharacters, and | |
6658 | sometimes literals, depending on what precedes them in the | |
6659 | pattern. This is unlike the similar C<)> which is always a | |
6660 | metacharacter unless escaped. | |
6661 | ||
6662 | This action at a distance, perhaps a large distance, can lead to Perl | |
6663 | silently misinterpreting what you meant, so when you specify that you | |
6664 | want extra checking by C<S<use re 'strict'>>, this warning is generated. | |
6665 | If you meant the character as a literal, simply confirm that to Perl by | |
6666 | preceding the character with a backslash, or make it into a bracketed | |
6667 | character class (like C<[}]>). If you meant it as closing a | |
6668 | corresponding C<[> or C<{>, you'll need to look back through the pattern | |
6669 | to find out why that isn't happening. | |
6670 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
6671 | =item unexec of %s into %s failed! |
6672 | ||
6673 | (F) The unexec() routine failed for some reason. See your local FSF | |
6674 | representative, who probably put it there in the first place. | |
6675 | ||
e0e4a6e3 FC |
6676 | =item Unexpected binary operator '%c' with no preceding operand in regex; |
6677 | marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ | |
0d0b4b3b | 6678 | |
675fa9ff | 6679 | (F) You had something like this: |
0d0b4b3b KW |
6680 | |
6681 | (?[ | \p{Digit} ]) | |
6682 | ||
6683 | where the C<"|"> is a binary operator with an operand on the right, but | |
6684 | no operand on the left. | |
6685 | ||
e0e4a6e3 | 6686 | =item Unexpected character in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
0d0b4b3b | 6687 | |
675fa9ff | 6688 | (F) You had something like this: |
0d0b4b3b KW |
6689 | |
6690 | (?[ z ]) | |
6691 | ||
6692 | Within C<(?[ ])>, no literal characters are allowed unless they are | |
6693 | within an inner pair of square brackets, like | |
6694 | ||
6695 | (?[ [ z ] ]) | |
6696 | ||
6697 | Another possibility is that you forgot a backslash. Perl isn't smart | |
6698 | enough to figure out what you really meant. | |
6699 | ||
6c341f67 TC |
6700 | =item Unexpected exit %u |
6701 | ||
6702 | (S) exit() was called or the script otherwise finished gracefully when | |
6703 | C<PERL_EXIT_WARN> was set in C<PL_exit_flags>. | |
6704 | ||
878ce265 | 6705 | =item Unexpected exit failure %d |
6c341f67 TC |
6706 | |
6707 | (S) An uncaught die() was called when C<PERL_EXIT_WARN> was set in | |
6708 | C<PL_exit_flags>. | |
6709 | ||
e0e4a6e3 | 6710 | =item Unexpected ')' in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
675fa9ff FC |
6711 | |
6712 | (F) You had something like this: | |
6713 | ||
6714 | (?[ ( \p{Digit} + ) ]) | |
6715 | ||
6716 | The C<")"> is out-of-place. Something apparently was supposed to | |
6717 | be combined with the digits, or the C<"+"> shouldn't be there, or | |
6718 | something like that. Perl can't figure out what was intended. | |
6719 | ||
c9ffefcc FC |
6720 | =item Unexpected ']' with no following ')' in (?[... in regex; marked by |
6721 | <-- HERE in m/%s/ | |
6722 | ||
6723 | (F) While parsing an extended character class a ']' character was | |
6724 | encountered at a point in the definition where the only legal use of | |
6725 | ']' is to close the character class definition as part of a '])', you | |
6726 | may have forgotten the close paren, or otherwise confused the parser. | |
6727 | ||
e0e4a6e3 FC |
6728 | =item Unexpected '(' with no preceding operator in regex; marked by |
6729 | S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ | |
675fa9ff FC |
6730 | |
6731 | (F) You had something like this: | |
6732 | ||
6733 | (?[ \p{Digit} ( \p{Lao} + \p{Thai} ) ]) | |
6734 | ||
6735 | There should be an operator before the C<"(">, as there's | |
6736 | no indication as to how the digits are to be combined | |
6737 | with the characters in the Lao and Thai scripts. | |
6738 | ||
ba707cdc | 6739 | =item Unicode non-character U+%X is not recommended for open interchange |
0876b9a0 | 6740 | |
4c2e59a0 | 6741 | (S nonchar) Certain codepoints, such as U+FFFE and U+FFFF, are |
66a1f5ec FC |
6742 | defined by the Unicode standard to be non-characters. Those |
6743 | are legal codepoints, but are reserved for internal use; so, | |
6744 | applications shouldn't attempt to exchange them. An application | |
6745 | may not be expecting any of these characters at all, and receiving | |
6746 | them may lead to bugs. If you know what you are doing you can | |
6747 | turn off this warning by C<no warnings 'nonchar';>. | |
6748 | ||
6749 | This is not really a "severe" error, but it is supposed to be | |
6750 | raised by default even if warnings are not enabled, and currently | |
6751 | the only way to do that in Perl is to mark it as serious. | |
6a807e21 | 6752 | |
1532347b KW |
6753 | =item Unicode property wildcard not terminated |
6754 | ||
6755 | (F) A Unicode property wildcard looks like a delimited regular | |
6756 | expression pattern (all within the braces of the enclosing C<\p{...}>. | |
6757 | The closing delimtter to match the opening one was not found. If the | |
6758 | opening one is escaped by preceding it with a backslash, the closing one | |
6759 | must also be so escaped. | |
6760 | ||
42fd8c63 KW |
6761 | =item Unicode string properties are not implemented in (?[...]) in |
6762 | regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ | |
6763 | ||
6764 | (F) A Unicode string property is one which expands to a sequence of | |
6765 | multiple characters. An example is C<\p{name=KATAKANA LETTER AINU P}>, | |
6766 | which is comprised of the sequence C<\N{KATAKANA LETTER SMALL H}> | |
6767 | followed by C<\N{COMBINING KATAKANA-HIRAGANA SEMI-VOICED SOUND MARK}>. | |
6768 | Extended character classes, C<(?[...])> currently cannot handle these. | |
6769 | ||
c794c51b FC |
6770 | =item Unicode surrogate U+%X is illegal in UTF-8 |
6771 | ||
4c2e59a0 | 6772 | (S surrogate) You had a UTF-16 surrogate in a context where they are |
c794c51b FC |
6773 | not considered acceptable. These code points, between U+D800 and |
6774 | U+DFFF (inclusive), are used by Unicode only for UTF-16. However, Perl | |
6775 | internally allows all unsigned integer code points (up to the size limit | |
6776 | available on your platform), including surrogates. But these can cause | |
6777 | problems when being input or output, which is likely where this message | |
6778 | came from. If you really really know what you are doing you can turn | |
8457b38f | 6779 | off this warning by C<no warnings 'surrogate';>. |
c794c51b | 6780 | |
dcfe9e74 KW |
6781 | =item Unknown charname '%s' |
6782 | ||
6783 | (F) The name you used inside C<\N{}> is unknown to Perl. Check the | |
6784 | spelling. You can say C<use charnames ":loose"> to not have to be | |
6785 | so precise about spaces, hyphens, and capitalization on standard Unicode | |
6786 | names. (Any custom aliases that have been created must be specified | |
6787 | exactly, regardless of whether C<:loose> is used or not.) This error may | |
6788 | also happen if the C<\N{}> is not in the scope of the corresponding | |
6789 | C<S<use charnames>>. | |
6790 | ||
d9790612 KW |
6791 | =item Unknown '(*...)' construct '%s' in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
6792 | ||
6793 | (F) The C<(*> was followed by something that the regular expression | |
6794 | compiler does not recognize. Check your spelling. | |
6795 | ||
04177465 FC |
6796 | =item Unknown error |
6797 | ||
6798 | (P) Perl was about to print an error message in C<$@>, but the C<$@> variable | |
6799 | did not exist, even after an attempt to create it. | |
6800 | ||
7bb2ffc8 KW |
6801 | =item Unknown locale category %d; can't set it to %s |
6802 | ||
6803 | (W locale) You used a locale category that perl doesn't recognize, so it | |
6804 | cannot carry out your request. Check that you are using a valid | |
6805 | category. If so, see L<perllocale/Multi-threaded> for advice on | |
6806 | reporting this as a bug, and for modifying perl locally to accommodate | |
6807 | your needs. | |
6808 | ||
6170680b IZ |
6809 | =item Unknown open() mode '%s' |
6810 | ||
437784d6 | 6811 | (F) The second argument of 3-argument open() is not among the list |
c47ff5f1 | 6812 | of valid modes: C<< < >>, C<< > >>, C<<< >> >>>, C<< +< >>, |
488dad83 | 6813 | C<< +> >>, C<<< +>> >>>, C<-|>, C<|->, C<< <& >>, C<< >& >>. |
6170680b | 6814 | |
b4581f09 JH |
6815 | =item Unknown PerlIO layer "%s" |
6816 | ||
6817 | (W layer) An attempt was made to push an unknown layer onto the Perl I/O | |
6818 | system. (Layers take care of transforming data between external and | |
6819 | internal representations.) Note that some layers, such as C<mmap>, | |
6820 | are not supported in all environments. If your program didn't | |
6821 | explicitly request the failing operation, it may be the result of the | |
6822 | value of the environment variable PERLIO. | |
6823 | ||
f675dbe5 CB |
6824 | =item Unknown process %x sent message to prime_env_iter: %s |
6825 | ||
6826 | (P) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl was reading values for %ENV before | |
6827 | iterating over it, and someone else stuck a message in the stream of | |
6828 | data Perl expected. Someone's very confused, or perhaps trying to | |
6829 | subvert Perl's population of %ENV for nefarious purposes. | |
a05d7ebb | 6830 | |
283151b7 | 6831 | =item Unknown regexp modifier "/%s" |
0da72d5e KW |
6832 | |
6833 | (F) Alphanumerics immediately following the closing delimiter | |
6834 | of a regular expression pattern are interpreted by Perl as modifier | |
6835 | flags for the regex. One of the ones you specified is invalid. One way | |
6836 | this can happen is if you didn't put in white space between the end of | |
6837 | the regex and a following alphanumeric operator: | |
6838 | ||
6839 | if ($a =~ /foo/and $bar == 3) { ... } | |
6840 | ||
6841 | The C<"a"> is a valid modifier flag, but the C<"n"> is not, and raises | |
6842 | this error. Likely what was meant instead was: | |
6843 | ||
6844 | if ($a =~ /foo/ and $bar == 3) { ... } | |
6845 | ||
5a25739d FC |
6846 | =item Unknown "re" subpragma '%s' (known ones are: %s) |
6847 | ||
6848 | (W) You tried to use an unknown subpragma of the "re" pragma. | |
6849 | ||
e0e4a6e3 FC |
6850 | =item Unknown switch condition (?(...)) in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in |
6851 | m/%s/ | |
96ebfdd7 RK |
6852 | |
6853 | (F) The condition part of a (?(condition)if-clause|else-clause) construct | |
6903afa2 | 6854 | is not known. The condition must be one of the following: |
5fecf430 | 6855 | |
e7206367 KW |
6856 | (1) (2) ... true if 1st, 2nd, etc., capture matched |
6857 | (<NAME>) ('NAME') true if named capture matched | |
6858 | (?=...) (?<=...) true if subpattern matches | |
6859 | (*pla:...) (*plb:...) true if subpattern matches; also | |
6860 | (*positive_lookahead:...) | |
6861 | (*positive_lookbehind:...) | |
6862 | (*nla:...) (*nlb:...) true if subpattern fails to match; also | |
6863 | (*negative_lookahead:...) | |
6864 | (*negative_lookbehind:...) | |
6865 | (?{ CODE }) true if code returns a true value | |
6866 | (R) true if evaluating inside recursion | |
6867 | (R1) (R2) ... true if directly inside capture group 1, 2, | |
6868 | etc. | |
6869 | (R&NAME) true if directly inside named capture | |
6870 | (DEFINE) always false; for defining named subpatterns | |
96ebfdd7 | 6871 | |
6e8a73f2 | 6872 | The S<<-- HERE> shows whereabouts in the regular expression the problem was |
96ebfdd7 RK |
6873 | discovered. See L<perlre>. |
6874 | ||
a05d7ebb JH |
6875 | =item Unknown Unicode option letter '%c' |
6876 | ||
028611fa DB |
6877 | (F) You specified an unknown Unicode option. See |
6878 | L<perlrun|perlrun/-C [numberE<sol>list]> documentation of the C<-C> switch | |
6879 | for the list of known options. | |
a05d7ebb | 6880 | |
64187737 | 6881 | =item Unknown Unicode option value %d |
a05d7ebb | 6882 | |
028611fa DB |
6883 | (F) You specified an unknown Unicode option. See |
6884 | L<perlrun|perlrun/-C [numberE<sol>list]> documentation of the C<-C> switch | |
6885 | for the list of known options. | |
f675dbe5 | 6886 | |
cac13810 KW |
6887 | =item Unknown user-defined property name \p{%s} |
6888 | ||
6889 | (F) You specified to use a property within the C<\p{...}> which was a | |
6890 | syntactically valid user-defined property, but no definition was found | |
6891 | for it by the time one was required to proceed. Check your spelling. | |
6892 | See L<perlunicode/User-Defined Character Properties>. | |
6893 | ||
e0e4a6e3 | 6894 | =item Unknown verb pattern '%s' in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
e2e6a0f1 YO |
6895 | |
6896 | (F) You either made a typo or have incorrectly put a C<*> quantifier | |
6897 | after an open brace in your pattern. Check the pattern and review | |
6898 | L<perlre> for details on legal verb patterns. | |
6899 | ||
c2771421 FC |
6900 | =item Unknown warnings category '%s' |
6901 | ||
6903afa2 | 6902 | (F) An error issued by the C<warnings> pragma. You specified a warnings |
c2771421 FC |
6903 | category that is unknown to perl at this point. |
6904 | ||
14ef4c80 FC |
6905 | Note that if you want to enable a warnings category registered by a |
6906 | module (e.g. C<use warnings 'File::Find'>), you must have loaded this | |
6907 | module first. | |
c2771421 | 6908 | |
e0e4a6e3 | 6909 | =item Unmatched [ in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
6df41af2 | 6910 | |
6903afa2 | 6911 | (F) The brackets around a character class must match. If you wish to |
be771a83 | 6912 | include a closing bracket in a character class, backslash it or put it |
e0e4a6e3 | 6913 | first. The S<<-- HERE> shows whereabouts in the regular expression the |
6903afa2 | 6914 | problem was discovered. See L<perlre>. |
6df41af2 | 6915 | |
e0e4a6e3 | 6916 | =item Unmatched ( in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
aec0ef10 | 6917 | |
e0e4a6e3 | 6918 | =item Unmatched ) in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
a0d0e21e LW |
6919 | |
6920 | (F) Unbackslashed parentheses must always be balanced in regular | |
6903afa2 | 6921 | expressions. If you're a vi user, the % key is valuable for finding |
e0e4a6e3 | 6922 | the matching parenthesis. The S<<-- HERE> shows whereabouts in the |
9e3ec65c | 6923 | regular expression the problem was discovered. See L<perlre>. |
a0d0e21e | 6924 | |
d98d5fff | 6925 | =item Unmatched right %s bracket |
a0d0e21e | 6926 | |
be771a83 GS |
6927 | (F) The lexer counted more closing curly or square brackets than opening |
6928 | ones, so you're probably missing a matching opening bracket. As a | |
6929 | general rule, you'll find the missing one (so to speak) near the place | |
6930 | you were last editing. | |
a0d0e21e | 6931 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
6932 | =item Unquoted string "%s" may clash with future reserved word |
6933 | ||
be771a83 GS |
6934 | (W reserved) You used a bareword that might someday be claimed as a |
6935 | reserved word. It's best to put such a word in quotes, or capitalize it | |
6936 | somehow, or insert an underbar into it. You might also declare it as a | |
6937 | subroutine. | |
a0d0e21e | 6938 | |
e0e4a6e3 FC |
6939 | =item Unrecognized character %s; marked by S<<-- HERE> after %s near column |
6940 | %d | |
a0d0e21e | 6941 | |
54310121 | 6942 | (F) The Perl parser has no idea what to do with the specified character |
1b303a7d FC |
6943 | in your Perl script (or eval) near the specified column. Perhaps you |
6944 | tried to run a compressed script, a binary program, or a directory as | |
6945 | a Perl program. | |
a0d0e21e | 6946 | |
e0e4a6e3 FC |
6947 | =item Unrecognized escape \%c in character class in regex; marked by |
6948 | S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ | |
0d0b4b3b | 6949 | |
675fa9ff FC |
6950 | (F) You used a backslash-character combination which is not |
6951 | recognized by Perl inside character classes. This is a fatal | |
6952 | error when the character class is used within C<(?[ ])>. | |
0d0b4b3b | 6953 | |
6fbc9859 | 6954 | =item Unrecognized escape \%c in character class passed through in regex; |
e0e4a6e3 | 6955 | marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
6df41af2 | 6956 | |
be771a83 GS |
6957 | (W regexp) You used a backslash-character combination which is not |
6958 | recognized by Perl inside character classes. The character was | |
b224edc1 | 6959 | understood literally, but this may change in a future version of Perl. |
e0e4a6e3 | 6960 | The S<<-- HERE> shows whereabouts in the regular expression the |
2628b4e0 | 6961 | escape was discovered. |
6df41af2 | 6962 | |
4a68bf9d | 6963 | =item Unrecognized escape \%c passed through |
2f7da168 | 6964 | |
2628b4e0 | 6965 | (W misc) You used a backslash-character combination which is not |
b224edc1 KW |
6966 | recognized by Perl. The character was understood literally, but this may |
6967 | change in a future version of Perl. | |
2f7da168 | 6968 | |
e0e4a6e3 FC |
6969 | =item Unrecognized escape \%s passed through in regex; marked by |
6970 | S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ | |
6df41af2 | 6971 | |
be771a83 | 6972 | (W regexp) You used a backslash-character combination which is not |
b7e4ecc1 | 6973 | recognized by Perl. The character(s) were understood literally, but |
e0e4a6e3 | 6974 | this may change in a future version of Perl. The S<<-- HERE> shows |
9e3ec65c | 6975 | whereabouts in the regular expression the escape was discovered. |
6df41af2 | 6976 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
6977 | =item Unrecognized signal name "%s" |
6978 | ||
be771a83 GS |
6979 | (F) You specified a signal name to the kill() function that was not |
6980 | recognized. Say C<kill -l> in your shell to see the valid signal names | |
6981 | on your system. | |
a0d0e21e | 6982 | |
90248788 | 6983 | =item Unrecognized switch: -%s (-h will show valid options) |
a0d0e21e | 6984 | |
be771a83 GS |
6985 | (F) You specified an illegal option to Perl. Don't do that. (If you |
6986 | think you didn't do that, check the #! line to see if it's supplying the | |
6987 | bad switch on your behalf.) | |
a0d0e21e LW |
6988 | |
6989 | =item Unsuccessful %s on filename containing newline | |
6990 | ||
be771a83 GS |
6991 | (W newline) A file operation was attempted on a filename, and that |
6992 | operation failed, PROBABLY because the filename contained a newline, | |
5b3eff12 | 6993 | PROBABLY because you forgot to chomp() it off. See L<perlfunc/chomp>. |
a0d0e21e LW |
6994 | |
6995 | =item Unsupported directory function "%s" called | |
6996 | ||
6997 | (F) Your machine doesn't support opendir() and readdir(). | |
6998 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
6999 | =item Unsupported function %s |
7000 | ||
7001 | (F) This machine doesn't implement the indicated function, apparently. | |
7002 | At least, Configure doesn't think so. | |
7003 | ||
54310121 | 7004 | =item Unsupported function fork |
7005 | ||
7006 | (F) Your version of executable does not support forking. | |
7007 | ||
be771a83 | 7008 | Note that under some systems, like OS/2, there may be different flavors |
6903afa2 | 7009 | of Perl executables, some of which may support fork, some not. Try |
be771a83 | 7010 | changing the name you call Perl by to C<perl_>, C<perl__>, and so on. |
54310121 | 7011 | |
7aa207d6 | 7012 | =item Unsupported script encoding %s |
b250498f GS |
7013 | |
7014 | (F) Your program file begins with a Unicode Byte Order Mark (BOM) which | |
7aa207d6 | 7015 | declares it to be in a Unicode encoding that Perl cannot read. |
b250498f | 7016 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
7017 | =item Unsupported socket function "%s" called |
7018 | ||
7019 | (F) Your machine doesn't support the Berkeley socket mechanism, or at | |
7020 | least that's what Configure thought. | |
7021 | ||
d9790612 KW |
7022 | =item Unterminated '(*...' argument in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
7023 | ||
7024 | (F) You used a pattern of the form C<(*...:...)> but did not terminate | |
7025 | the pattern with a C<)>. Fix the pattern and retry. | |
7026 | ||
6df41af2 | 7027 | =item Unterminated attribute list |
a0d0e21e | 7028 | |
be771a83 GS |
7029 | (F) The lexer found something other than a simple identifier at the |
7030 | start of an attribute, and it wasn't a semicolon or the start of a | |
7031 | block. Perhaps you terminated the parameter list of the previous | |
7032 | attribute too soon. See L<attributes>. | |
a0d0e21e | 7033 | |
09bef843 SB |
7034 | =item Unterminated attribute parameter in attribute list |
7035 | ||
be771a83 GS |
7036 | (F) The lexer saw an opening (left) parenthesis character while parsing |
7037 | an attribute list, but the matching closing (right) parenthesis | |
09bef843 SB |
7038 | character was not found. You may need to add (or remove) a backslash |
7039 | character to get your parentheses to balance. See L<attributes>. | |
7040 | ||
f1991046 GS |
7041 | =item Unterminated compressed integer |
7042 | ||
7043 | (F) An argument to unpack("w",...) was incompatible with the BER | |
7044 | compressed integer format and could not be converted to an integer. | |
7045 | See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
7046 | ||
d9790612 KW |
7047 | =item Unterminated '(*...' construct in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
7048 | ||
7049 | (F) You used a pattern of the form C<(*...)> but did not terminate | |
7050 | the pattern with a C<)>. Fix the pattern and retry. | |
7051 | ||
6f2d7fc9 FC |
7052 | =item Unterminated delimiter for here document |
7053 | ||
7054 | (F) This message occurs when a here document label has an initial | |
7055 | quotation mark but the final quotation mark is missing. Perhaps | |
7056 | you wrote: | |
7057 | ||
7058 | <<"foo | |
7059 | ||
7060 | instead of: | |
7061 | ||
7062 | <<"foo" | |
7063 | ||
e0e4a6e3 | 7064 | =item Unterminated \g... pattern in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
779fedd7 | 7065 | |
e0e4a6e3 | 7066 | =item Unterminated \g{...} pattern in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
2bf803e2 | 7067 | |
5364049c KW |
7068 | (F) In a regular expression, you had a C<\g> that wasn't followed by a |
7069 | proper group reference. In the case of C<\g{>, the closing brace is | |
7070 | missing; otherwise the C<\g> must be followed by an integer. Fix the | |
7071 | pattern and retry. | |
e2e6a0f1 | 7072 | |
6df41af2 | 7073 | =item Unterminated <> operator |
09bef843 | 7074 | |
6df41af2 | 7075 | (F) The lexer saw a left angle bracket in a place where it was expecting |
be771a83 GS |
7076 | a term, so it's looking for the corresponding right angle bracket, and |
7077 | not finding it. Chances are you left some needed parentheses out | |
7078 | earlier in the line, and you really meant a "less than". | |
09bef843 | 7079 | |
e0e4a6e3 FC |
7080 | =item Unterminated verb pattern argument in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in |
7081 | m/%s/ | |
905fe053 FC |
7082 | |
7083 | (F) You used a pattern of the form C<(*VERB:ARG)> but did not terminate | |
6903afa2 | 7084 | the pattern with a C<)>. Fix the pattern and retry. |
905fe053 | 7085 | |
e0e4a6e3 | 7086 | =item Unterminated verb pattern in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
905fe053 FC |
7087 | |
7088 | (F) You used a pattern of the form C<(*VERB)> but did not terminate | |
6903afa2 | 7089 | the pattern with a C<)>. Fix the pattern and retry. |
905fe053 | 7090 | |
6df41af2 | 7091 | =item untie attempted while %d inner references still exist |
a0d0e21e | 7092 | |
be771a83 GS |
7093 | (W untie) A copy of the object returned from C<tie> (or C<tied>) was |
7094 | still valid when C<untie> was called. | |
a0d0e21e | 7095 | |
8e11cd2b JC |
7096 | =item Usage: POSIX::%s(%s) |
7097 | ||
7098 | (F) You called a POSIX function with incorrect arguments. | |
7099 | See L<POSIX/FUNCTIONS> for more information. | |
7100 | ||
7101 | =item Usage: Win32::%s(%s) | |
7102 | ||
7103 | (F) You called a Win32 function with incorrect arguments. | |
7104 | See L<Win32> for more information. | |
7105 | ||
89474f50 FC |
7106 | =item $[ used in %s (did you mean $] ?) |
7107 | ||
7108 | (W syntax) You used C<$[> in a comparison, such as: | |
7109 | ||
7110 | if ($[ > 5.006) { | |
7111 | ... | |
7112 | } | |
7113 | ||
7114 | You probably meant to use C<$]> instead. C<$[> is the base for indexing | |
7115 | arrays. C<$]> is the Perl version number in decimal. | |
7116 | ||
6da34ecb FC |
7117 | =item Use "%s" instead of "%s" |
7118 | ||
7119 | (F) The second listed construct is no longer legal. Use the first one | |
7120 | instead. | |
7121 | ||
8fe85e3f FC |
7122 | =item Useless assignment to a temporary |
7123 | ||
7124 | (W misc) You assigned to an lvalue subroutine, but what | |
7125 | the subroutine returned was a temporary scalar about to | |
7126 | be discarded, so the assignment had no effect. | |
7127 | ||
e0e4a6e3 FC |
7128 | =item Useless (?-%s) - don't use /%s modifier in regex; marked by |
7129 | S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ | |
9d1d55b5 | 7130 | |
96ebfdd7 RK |
7131 | (W regexp) You have used an internal modifier such as (?-o) that has no |
7132 | meaning unless removed from the entire regexp: | |
9d1d55b5 | 7133 | |
96ebfdd7 | 7134 | if ($string =~ /(?-o)$pattern/o) { ... } |
9d1d55b5 JP |
7135 | |
7136 | must be written as | |
7137 | ||
96ebfdd7 | 7138 | if ($string =~ /$pattern/) { ... } |
9d1d55b5 | 7139 | |
6e8a73f2 | 7140 | The S<<-- HERE> shows whereabouts in the regular expression the problem was |
9e3ec65c | 7141 | discovered. See L<perlre>. |
9d1d55b5 | 7142 | |
b4581f09 JH |
7143 | =item Useless localization of %s |
7144 | ||
6903afa2 FC |
7145 | (W syntax) The localization of lvalues such as C<local($x=10)> is legal, |
7146 | but in fact the local() currently has no effect. This may change at | |
b4581f09 JH |
7147 | some point in the future, but in the meantime such code is discouraged. |
7148 | ||
e0e4a6e3 FC |
7149 | =item Useless (?%s) - use /%s modifier in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in |
7150 | m/%s/ | |
9d1d55b5 | 7151 | |
96ebfdd7 RK |
7152 | (W regexp) You have used an internal modifier such as (?o) that has no |
7153 | meaning unless applied to the entire regexp: | |
9d1d55b5 | 7154 | |
96ebfdd7 | 7155 | if ($string =~ /(?o)$pattern/) { ... } |
9d1d55b5 JP |
7156 | |
7157 | must be written as | |
7158 | ||
96ebfdd7 | 7159 | if ($string =~ /$pattern/o) { ... } |
9d1d55b5 | 7160 | |
6e8a73f2 | 7161 | The S<<-- HERE> shows whereabouts in the regular expression the problem was |
9e3ec65c | 7162 | discovered. See L<perlre>. |
9d1d55b5 | 7163 | |
3108f4df FC |
7164 | =item Useless use of attribute "const" |
7165 | ||
796b6530 | 7166 | (W misc) The C<const> attribute has no effect except |
3108f4df FC |
7167 | on anonymous closure prototypes. You applied it to |
7168 | a subroutine via L<attributes.pm|attributes>. This is only useful | |
7169 | inside an attribute handler for an anonymous subroutine. | |
7170 | ||
b08e453b RB |
7171 | =item Useless use of /d modifier in transliteration operator |
7172 | ||
7173 | (W misc) You have used the /d modifier where the searchlist has the | |
6903afa2 | 7174 | same length as the replacelist. See L<perlop> for more information |
b08e453b RB |
7175 | about the /d modifier. |
7176 | ||
820438b1 FC |
7177 | =item Useless use of \E |
7178 | ||
7179 | (W misc) You have a \E in a double-quotish string without a C<\U>, | |
7180 | C<\L> or C<\Q> preceding it. | |
7181 | ||
4fa6dd16 KW |
7182 | =item Useless use of greediness modifier '%c' in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
7183 | ||
7184 | (W regexp) You specified something like these: | |
7185 | ||
7186 | qr/a{3}?/ | |
7187 | qr/b{1,1}+/ | |
7188 | ||
7189 | The C<"?"> and C<"+"> don't have any effect, as they modify whether to | |
7190 | match more or fewer when there is a choice, and by specifying to match | |
a53cc5a4 | 7191 | exactly a given number, there is no room left for a choice. |
4fa6dd16 | 7192 | |
6df41af2 | 7193 | =item Useless use of %s in void context |
a0d0e21e | 7194 | |
75b44862 | 7195 | (W void) You did something without a side effect in a context that does |
be771a83 GS |
7196 | nothing with the return value, such as a statement that doesn't return a |
7197 | value from a block, or the left side of a scalar comma operator. Very | |
7198 | often this points not to stupidity on your part, but a failure of Perl | |
7199 | to parse your program the way you thought it would. For example, you'd | |
7200 | get this if you mixed up your C precedence with Python precedence and | |
7201 | said | |
a0d0e21e | 7202 | |
6df41af2 | 7203 | $one, $two = 1, 2; |
748a9306 | 7204 | |
6df41af2 GS |
7205 | when you meant to say |
7206 | ||
7207 | ($one, $two) = (1, 2); | |
7208 | ||
7209 | Another common error is to use ordinary parentheses to construct a list | |
7210 | reference when you should be using square or curly brackets, for | |
7211 | example, if you say | |
7212 | ||
7213 | $array = (1,2); | |
7214 | ||
7215 | when you should have said | |
7216 | ||
7217 | $array = [1,2]; | |
7218 | ||
7219 | The square brackets explicitly turn a list value into a scalar value, | |
7220 | while parentheses do not. So when a parenthesized list is evaluated in | |
7221 | a scalar context, the comma is treated like C's comma operator, which | |
7222 | throws away the left argument, which is not what you want. See | |
7223 | L<perlref> for more on this. | |
7224 | ||
65191a1e BS |
7225 | This warning will not be issued for numerical constants equal to 0 or 1 |
7226 | since they are often used in statements like | |
7227 | ||
4358a253 | 7228 | 1 while sub_with_side_effects(); |
65191a1e BS |
7229 | |
7230 | String constants that would normally evaluate to 0 or 1 are warned | |
7231 | about. | |
7232 | ||
e0e4a6e3 | 7233 | =item Useless use of (?-p) in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
675fa9ff FC |
7234 | |
7235 | (W regexp) The C<p> modifier cannot be turned off once set. Trying to do | |
7236 | so is futile. | |
7237 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
7238 | =item Useless use of "re" pragma |
7239 | ||
6903afa2 | 7240 | (W) You did C<use re;> without any arguments. That isn't very useful. |
6df41af2 | 7241 | |
a801c63c RGS |
7242 | =item Useless use of sort in scalar context |
7243 | ||
7244 | (W void) You used sort in scalar context, as in : | |
7245 | ||
7246 | my $x = sort @y; | |
7247 | ||
7248 | This is not very useful, and perl currently optimizes this away. | |
7249 | ||
de4864e4 JH |
7250 | =item Useless use of %s with no values |
7251 | ||
f87c3213 | 7252 | (W syntax) You used the push() or unshift() function with no arguments |
6903afa2 FC |
7253 | apart from the array, like C<push(@x)> or C<unshift(@foo)>. That won't |
7254 | usually have any effect on the array, so is completely useless. It's | |
de4864e4 | 7255 | possible in principle that push(@tied_array) could have some effect |
6903afa2 | 7256 | if the array is tied to a class which implements a PUSH method. If so, |
de4864e4 JH |
7257 | you can write it as C<push(@tied_array,())> to avoid this warning. |
7258 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
7259 | =item "use" not allowed in expression |
7260 | ||
be771a83 GS |
7261 | (F) The "use" keyword is recognized and executed at compile time, and |
7262 | returns no useful value. See L<perlmod>. | |
748a9306 | 7263 | |
40151a41 PE |
7264 | =item Use of @_ in %s with signatured subroutine is experimental |
7265 | ||
7266 | (S experimental::args_array_with_signatures) An expression involving the | |
7267 | C<@_> arguments array was found in a subroutine that uses a signature. | |
7268 | This is experimental because the interaction between the arguments | |
7269 | array and parameter handling via signatures is not guaranteed to remain | |
7270 | stable in any future version of Perl, and such code should be avoided. | |
7271 | ||
c6e25b09 | 7272 | =item Use of bare << to mean <<"" is forbidden |
4633a7c4 | 7273 | |
3f673807 FC |
7274 | (F) You are now required to use the explicitly quoted form if you wish |
7275 | to use an empty line as the terminator of the here-document. | |
83ce3e12 | 7276 | |
3f673807 FC |
7277 | Use of a bare terminator was deprecated in Perl 5.000, and is a fatal |
7278 | error as of Perl 5.28. | |
e5aa3f0b | 7279 | |
64e578a2 MJD |
7280 | =item Use of /c modifier is meaningless in s/// |
7281 | ||
7282 | (W regexp) You used the /c modifier in a substitution. The /c | |
7283 | modifier is not presently meaningful in substitutions. | |
7284 | ||
4ac733c9 MJD |
7285 | =item Use of /c modifier is meaningless without /g |
7286 | ||
7287 | (W regexp) You used the /c modifier with a regex operand, but didn't | |
7288 | use the /g modifier. Currently, /c is meaningful only when /g is | |
7289 | used. (This may change in the future.) | |
7290 | ||
5b5e2c03 | 7291 | =item Use of code point 0x%s is not allowed; the permissible max is 0x%X |
fb7e7255 | 7292 | |
5b5e2c03 | 7293 | =item Use of code point 0x%s is not allowed; the permissible max is 0x%X |
fb7e7255 | 7294 | in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
113b8661 A |
7295 | |
7296 | (F) You used a code point that is not allowed, because it is too large. | |
7297 | Unicode only allows code points up to 0x10FFFF, but Perl allows much | |
7298 | larger ones. Earlier versions of Perl allowed code points above IV_MAX | |
7299 | (0x7FFFFFF on 32-bit platforms, 0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFF on 64-bit platforms), | |
7300 | however, this could possibly break the perl interpreter in some constructs, | |
7301 | including causing it to hang in a few cases. | |
2d212e86 KW |
7302 | |
7303 | If your code is to run on various platforms, keep in mind that the upper | |
7304 | limit depends on the platform. It is much larger on 64-bit word sizes | |
7305 | than 32-bit ones. | |
7306 | ||
fcdb3ac1 | 7307 | The use of out of range code points was deprecated in Perl 5.24, and |
113b8661 | 7308 | became a fatal error in Perl 5.28. |
fcdb3ac1 | 7309 | |
675fa9ff FC |
7310 | =item Use of each() on hash after insertion without resetting hash iterator results in undefined behavior |
7311 | ||
f26c79ba FC |
7312 | (S internal) The behavior of C<each()> after insertion is undefined; |
7313 | it may skip items, or visit items more than once. Consider using | |
7314 | C<keys()> instead of C<each()>. | |
675fa9ff | 7315 | |
2dc78664 | 7316 | =item Use of := for an empty attribute list is not allowed |
036e1e65 | 7317 | |
2dc78664 NC |
7318 | (F) The construction C<my $x := 42> used to parse as equivalent to |
7319 | C<my $x : = 42> (applying an empty attribute list to C<$x>). | |
7320 | This construct was deprecated in 5.12.0, and has now been made a syntax | |
7321 | error, so C<:=> can be reclaimed as a new operator in the future. | |
7322 | ||
7323 | If you need an empty attribute list, for example in a code generator, add | |
7324 | a space before the C<=>. | |
036e1e65 | 7325 | |
fafdadbd KW |
7326 | =item Use of %s for non-UTF-8 locale is wrong. Assuming a UTF-8 locale |
7327 | ||
7328 | (W locale) You are matching a regular expression using locale rules, | |
7329 | and the specified construct was encountered. This construct is only | |
7330 | valid for UTF-8 locales, which the current locale isn't. This doesn't | |
7331 | make sense. Perl will continue, assuming a Unicode (UTF-8) locale, but | |
7332 | the results are likely to be wrong. | |
7333 | ||
b6c83531 | 7334 | =item Use of freed value in iteration |
2f7da168 | 7335 | |
b6c83531 JH |
7336 | (F) Perhaps you modified the iterated array within the loop? |
7337 | This error is typically caused by code like the following: | |
2f7da168 RK |
7338 | |
7339 | @a = (3,4); | |
7340 | @a = () for (1,2,@a); | |
7341 | ||
7342 | You are not supposed to modify arrays while they are being iterated over. | |
7343 | For speed and efficiency reasons, Perl internally does not do full | |
7344 | reference-counting of iterated items, hence deleting such an item in the | |
7345 | middle of an iteration causes Perl to see a freed value. | |
7346 | ||
96ebfdd7 | 7347 | =item Use of /g modifier is meaningless in split |
35ae6b54 | 7348 | |
96ebfdd7 RK |
7349 | (W regexp) You used the /g modifier on the pattern for a C<split> |
7350 | operator. Since C<split> always tries to match the pattern | |
7351 | repeatedly, the C</g> has no effect. | |
35ae6b54 | 7352 | |
dc6e8de0 | 7353 | =item Use of "goto" to jump into a construct is deprecated |
0b98bec9 RGS |
7354 | |
7355 | (D deprecated) Using C<goto> to jump from an outer scope into an inner | |
7356 | scope is deprecated and should be avoided. | |
7357 | ||
dc6e8de0 | 7358 | This was deprecated in Perl 5.12. |
9fc8eee0 | 7359 | |
600c10ce KW |
7360 | =item Use of '%s' in \p{} or \P{} is deprecated because: %s |
7361 | ||
7362 | (D deprecated) Certain properties are deprecated by Unicode, and may | |
7363 | eventually be removed from the Standard, at which time Perl will follow | |
7364 | along. In the meantime, this message is raised to notify you. | |
7365 | ||
64278e8c A |
7366 | =item Use of inherited AUTOLOAD for non-method %s::%s() is no longer allowed |
7367 | ||
7368 | (F) As an accidental feature, C<AUTOLOAD> subroutines were looked up as | |
7369 | methods (using the C<@ISA> hierarchy), even when the subroutines to be | |
7370 | autoloaded were called as plain functions (e.g. C<Foo::bar()>), not as | |
7371 | methods (e.g. C<< Foo->bar() >> or C<< $obj->bar() >>). | |
7372 | ||
7373 | This was deprecated in Perl 5.004, and was made fatal in Perl 5.28. | |
d9d53e86 | 7374 | |
6df41af2 GS |
7375 | =item Use of %s in printf format not supported |
7376 | ||
7377 | (F) You attempted to use a feature of printf that is accessible from | |
7378 | only C. This usually means there's a better way to do it in Perl. | |
7379 | ||
4829f32d KW |
7380 | =item Use of %s is not allowed in Unicode property wildcard |
7381 | subpatterns in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ | |
7382 | ||
7383 | (F) You were using a wildcard subpattern a Unicode property value, and | |
7384 | the subpattern contained something that is illegal. Not all regular | |
7385 | expression capabilities are legal in such subpatterns, and this is one. | |
7386 | Rewrite your subppattern to not use the offending construct. | |
7387 | See L<perlunicode/Wildcards in Property Values>. | |
7388 | ||
5840701a | 7389 | =item Use of -l on filehandle%s |
5a7abfcc FC |
7390 | |
7391 | (W io) A filehandle represents an opened file, and when you opened the file | |
7392 | it already went past any symlink you are presumably trying to look for. | |
7393 | The operation returned C<undef>. Use a filename instead. | |
7394 | ||
1f1cc344 | 7395 | =item Use of reference "%s" as array index |
d804643f | 7396 | |
77b96956 | 7397 | (W misc) You tried to use a reference as an array index; this probably |
1f1cc344 JH |
7398 | isn't what you mean, because references in numerical context tend |
7399 | to be huge numbers, and so usually indicates programmer error. | |
d804643f | 7400 | |
64977eb6 | 7401 | If you really do mean it, explicitly numify your reference, like so: |
1f1cc344 | 7402 | C<$array[0+$ref]>. This warning is not given for overloaded objects, |
54e0f05c | 7403 | however, because you can overload the numification and stringification |
c69ca1d4 | 7404 | operators and then you presumably know what you are doing. |
d804643f | 7405 | |
87e05d1a | 7406 | =item Use of strings with code points over 0xFF as arguments to %s |
5d09ee1c | 7407 | operator is not allowed |
87e05d1a | 7408 | |
3f673807 FC |
7409 | (F) You tried to use one of the string bitwise operators (C<&> or C<|> or C<^> or |
7410 | C<~>) on a string containing a code point over 0xFF. The string bitwise | |
7411 | operators treat their operands as strings of bytes, and values beyond | |
7412 | 0xFF are nonsensical in this context. | |
87e05d1a | 7413 | |
c8b94fe0 | 7414 | Certain instances became fatal in Perl 5.28; others in perl 5.32. |
ecbcbef0 | 7415 | |
da5a0da2 | 7416 | =item Use of strings with code points over 0xFF as arguments to vec is forbidden |
315f3fc1 | 7417 | |
da5a0da2 | 7418 | (F) You tried to use L<C<vec>|perlfunc/vec EXPR,OFFSET,BITS> |
315f3fc1 KW |
7419 | on a string containing a code point over 0xFF, which is nonsensical here. |
7420 | ||
da5a0da2 | 7421 | This became fatal in Perl 5.32. |
315f3fc1 | 7422 | |
bbd7eb8a RD |
7423 | =item Use of tainted arguments in %s is deprecated |
7424 | ||
159f47d9 | 7425 | (W taint, deprecated) You have supplied C<system()> or C<exec()> with multiple |
bbd7eb8a RD |
7426 | arguments and at least one of them is tainted. This used to be allowed |
7427 | but will become a fatal error in a future version of perl. Untaint your | |
7428 | arguments. See L<perlsec>. | |
7429 | ||
94749a5e | 7430 | =item Use of unassigned code point or non-standalone grapheme for a |
823c3b2d | 7431 | delimiter is not allowed |
94749a5e | 7432 | |
823c3b2d | 7433 | (F) |
94749a5e KW |
7434 | A grapheme is what appears to a native-speaker of a language to be a |
7435 | character. In Unicode (and hence Perl) a grapheme may actually be | |
7436 | several adjacent characters that together form a complete grapheme. For | |
7437 | example, there can be a base character, like "R" and an accent, like a | |
7438 | circumflex "^", that appear when displayed to be a single character with | |
7439 | the circumflex hovering over the "R". Perl currently allows things like | |
7440 | that circumflex to be delimiters of strings, patterns, I<etc>. When | |
7441 | displayed, the circumflex would look like it belongs to the character | |
7442 | just to the left of it. In order to move the language to be able to | |
823c3b2d | 7443 | accept graphemes as delimiters, we cannot allow the use of |
94749a5e KW |
7444 | delimiters which aren't graphemes by themselves. Also, a delimiter must |
7445 | already be assigned (or known to be never going to be assigned) to try | |
7446 | to future-proof code, for otherwise code that works today would fail to | |
7447 | compile if the currently unassigned delimiter ends up being something | |
7448 | that isn't a stand-alone grapheme. Because Unicode is never going to | |
7449 | assign | |
7450 | L<non-character code points|perlunicode/Noncharacter code points>, nor | |
7451 | L<code points that are above the legal Unicode maximum| | |
7452 | perlunicode/Beyond Unicode code points>, those can be delimiters, and | |
823c3b2d | 7453 | their use is legal. |
94749a5e | 7454 | |
cc95b072 | 7455 | =item Use of uninitialized value%s |
a0d0e21e | 7456 | |
be771a83 GS |
7457 | (W uninitialized) An undefined value was used as if it were already |
7458 | defined. It was interpreted as a "" or a 0, but maybe it was a mistake. | |
7459 | To suppress this warning assign a defined value to your variables. | |
a0d0e21e | 7460 | |
6903afa2 FC |
7461 | To help you figure out what was undefined, perl will try to tell you |
7462 | the name of the variable (if any) that was undefined. In some cases | |
7463 | it cannot do this, so it also tells you what operation you used the | |
7464 | undefined value in. Note, however, that perl optimizes your program | |
50a39ba4 | 7465 | and the operation displayed in the warning may not necessarily appear |
6903afa2 FC |
7466 | literally in your program. For example, C<"that $foo"> is usually |
7467 | optimized into C<"that " . $foo>, and the warning will refer to the | |
7468 | C<concatenation (.)> operator, even though there is no C<.> in | |
7469 | your program. | |
e5be4a53 | 7470 | |
67cdf558 KW |
7471 | =item "use re 'strict'" is experimental |
7472 | ||
7473 | (S experimental::re_strict) The things that are different when a regular | |
7474 | expression pattern is compiled under C<'strict'> are subject to change | |
7475 | in future Perl releases in incompatible ways. This means that a pattern | |
7476 | that compiles today may not in a future Perl release. This warning is | |
7477 | to alert you to that risk. | |
7478 | ||
e0e4a6e3 FC |
7479 | =item Use \x{...} for more than two hex characters in regex; marked by |
7480 | S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ | |
675fa9ff FC |
7481 | |
7482 | (F) In a regular expression, you said something like | |
7483 | ||
7484 | (?[ [ \xBEEF ] ]) | |
7485 | ||
7486 | Perl isn't sure if you meant this | |
7487 | ||
7488 | (?[ [ \x{BEEF} ] ]) | |
7489 | ||
7490 | or if you meant this | |
7491 | ||
7492 | (?[ [ \x{BE} E F ] ]) | |
7493 | ||
7494 | You need to add either braces or blanks to disambiguate. | |
7495 | ||
6fbc9859 | 7496 | =item Using just the first character returned by \N{} in character class in |
e0e4a6e3 | 7497 | regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
ff3f963a | 7498 | |
f3ba6905 FC |
7499 | (W regexp) Named Unicode character escapes C<(\N{...})> may return |
7500 | a multi-character sequence. Even though a character class is | |
7501 | supposed to match just one character of input, perl will match | |
7502 | the whole thing correctly, except when the class is inverted | |
7503 | (C<[^...]>), or the escape is the beginning or final end point of | |
7504 | a range. For these, what should happen isn't clear at all. In | |
7505 | these circumstances, Perl discards all but the first character | |
7506 | of the returned sequence, which is not likely what you want. | |
ff3f963a | 7507 | |
42fd8c63 KW |
7508 | =item Using just the single character results returned by \p{} in |
7509 | (?[...]) in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ | |
7510 | ||
7511 | (W regexp) Extended character classes currently cannot handle operands | |
7512 | that evaluate to more than one character. These are removed from the | |
7513 | results of the expansion of the C<\p{}>. | |
7514 | ||
7515 | This situation can happen, for example, in | |
7516 | ||
7517 | (?[ \p{name=/KATAKANA/} ]) | |
7518 | ||
7519 | "KATAKANA LETTER AINU P" is a legal Unicode name (technically a "named | |
7520 | sequence"), but it is actually two characters. The above expression | |
7521 | with match only the Unicode names containing KATAKANA that represent | |
7522 | single characters. | |
7523 | ||
6e8a73f2 | 7524 | =item Using /u for '%s' instead of /%s in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
64935bc6 KW |
7525 | |
7526 | (W regexp) You used a Unicode boundary (C<\b{...}> or C<\B{...}>) in a | |
7527 | portion of a regular expression where the character set modifiers C</a> | |
7528 | or C</aa> are in effect. These two modifiers indicate an ASCII | |
33f0d962 | 7529 | interpretation, and this doesn't make sense for a Unicode definition. |
64935bc6 KW |
7530 | The generated regular expression will compile so that the boundary uses |
7531 | all of Unicode. No other portion of the regular expression is affected. | |
7532 | ||
c794c51b FC |
7533 | =item Using !~ with %s doesn't make sense |
7534 | ||
7535 | (F) Using the C<!~> operator with C<s///r>, C<tr///r> or C<y///r> is | |
0f44b2a5 | 7536 | currently reserved for future use, as the exact behavior has not |
6903afa2 | 7537 | been decided. (Simply returning the boolean opposite of the |
c794c51b | 7538 | modified string is usually not particularly useful.) |
0876b9a0 | 7539 | |
949cf498 KW |
7540 | =item UTF-16 surrogate U+%X |
7541 | ||
4c2e59a0 | 7542 | (S surrogate) You had a UTF-16 surrogate in a context where they are |
949cf498 KW |
7543 | not considered acceptable. These code points, between U+D800 and |
7544 | U+DFFF (inclusive), are used by Unicode only for UTF-16. However, Perl | |
7545 | internally allows all unsigned integer code points (up to the size limit | |
7546 | available on your platform), including surrogates. But these can cause | |
7547 | problems when being input or output, which is likely where this message | |
7548 | came from. If you really really know what you are doing you can turn | |
8457b38f | 7549 | off this warning by C<no warnings 'surrogate';>. |
9466bab6 | 7550 | |
68dc0745 | 7551 | =item Value of %s can be "0"; test with defined() |
a6006777 | 7552 | |
75b44862 | 7553 | (W misc) In a conditional expression, you used <HANDLE>, <*> (glob), |
be771a83 GS |
7554 | C<each()>, or C<readdir()> as a boolean value. Each of these constructs |
7555 | can return a value of "0"; that would make the conditional expression | |
7556 | false, which is probably not what you intended. When using these | |
7557 | constructs in conditional expressions, test their values with the | |
7558 | C<defined> operator. | |
a6006777 | 7559 | |
f675dbe5 CB |
7560 | =item Value of CLI symbol "%s" too long |
7561 | ||
be771a83 GS |
7562 | (W misc) A warning peculiar to VMS. Perl tried to read the value of an |
7563 | %ENV element from a CLI symbol table, and found a resultant string | |
7564 | longer than 1024 characters. The return value has been truncated to | |
7565 | 1024 characters. | |
f675dbe5 | 7566 | |
b5c19bd7 | 7567 | =item Variable "%s" is not available |
44a8e56a | 7568 | |
b5c19bd7 DM |
7569 | (W closure) During compilation, an inner named subroutine or eval is |
7570 | attempting to capture an outer lexical that is not currently available. | |
6903afa2 | 7571 | This can happen for one of two reasons. First, the outer lexical may be |
b5c19bd7 DM |
7572 | declared in an outer anonymous subroutine that has not yet been created. |
7573 | (Remember that named subs are created at compile time, while anonymous | |
6903afa2 | 7574 | subs are created at run-time.) For example, |
44a8e56a | 7575 | |
b5c19bd7 | 7576 | sub { my $a; sub f { $a } } |
44a8e56a | 7577 | |
b5c19bd7 | 7578 | At the time that f is created, it can't capture the current value of $a, |
6903afa2 | 7579 | since the anonymous subroutine hasn't been created yet. Conversely, |
b5c19bd7 DM |
7580 | the following won't give a warning since the anonymous subroutine has by |
7581 | now been created and is live: | |
be771a83 | 7582 | |
b5c19bd7 DM |
7583 | sub { my $a; eval 'sub f { $a }' }->(); |
7584 | ||
7585 | The second situation is caused by an eval accessing a variable that has | |
7586 | gone out of scope, for example, | |
7587 | ||
7588 | sub f { | |
7589 | my $a; | |
7590 | sub { eval '$a' } | |
7591 | } | |
7592 | f()->(); | |
7593 | ||
1b303a7d FC |
7594 | Here, when the '$a' in the eval is being compiled, f() is not currently |
7595 | being executed, so its $a is not available for capture. | |
44a8e56a | 7596 | |
b4581f09 JH |
7597 | =item Variable "%s" is not imported%s |
7598 | ||
120b0f81 | 7599 | (S misc) With "use strict" in effect, you referred to a global variable |
413ff9f6 | 7600 | that you apparently thought was imported from another module, because |
b4581f09 JH |
7601 | something else of the same name (usually a subroutine) is exported by |
7602 | that module. It usually means you put the wrong funny character on the | |
35a7430a C |
7603 | front of your variable. It is also possible you used an "our" variable |
7604 | whose scope has ended. | |
b4581f09 | 7605 | |
aec0ef10 | 7606 | =item Variable length lookbehind not implemented in regex m/%s/ |
b4581f09 | 7607 | |
2abbd513 KW |
7608 | (F) B<This message no longer should be raised as of Perl 5.30.> It is |
7609 | retained in this document as a convenience for people using an earlier | |
7610 | Perl version. | |
7611 | ||
7612 | In Perl 5.30 and earlier, lookbehind is allowed | |
7613 | only for subexpressions whose length is fixed and | |
d0a29c36 KW |
7614 | known at compile time. For positive lookbehind, you can use the C<\K> |
7615 | regex construct as a way to get the equivalent functionality. See | |
a8f2f5fa | 7616 | L<(?<=pattern) and \K in perlre|perlre/\K>. |
d0a29c36 | 7617 | |
754dd754 KW |
7618 | Starting in Perl 5.18, there are non-obvious Unicode rules under C</i> |
7619 | that can match variably, but which you might not think could. For | |
7620 | example, the substring C<"ss"> can match the single character LATIN | |
7621 | SMALL LETTER SHARP S. Here's a complete list of the current ones | |
7622 | affecting ASCII characters: | |
7623 | ||
7624 | ASCII | |
7625 | sequence Matches single letter under /i | |
7626 | FF U+FB00 LATIN SMALL LIGATURE FF | |
7627 | FFI U+FB03 LATIN SMALL LIGATURE FFI | |
7628 | FFL U+FB04 LATIN SMALL LIGATURE FFL | |
7629 | FI U+FB01 LATIN SMALL LIGATURE FI | |
7630 | FL U+FB02 LATIN SMALL LIGATURE FL | |
7631 | SS U+00DF LATIN SMALL LETTER SHARP S | |
7632 | U+1E9E LATIN CAPITAL LETTER SHARP S | |
7633 | ST U+FB06 LATIN SMALL LIGATURE ST | |
7634 | U+FB05 LATIN SMALL LIGATURE LONG S T | |
7635 | ||
7636 | This list is subject to change, but is quite unlikely to. | |
7637 | Each ASCII sequence can be any combination of upper- and lowercase. | |
7638 | ||
7639 | You can avoid this by using a bracketed character class in the | |
7640 | lookbehind assertion, like | |
7641 | ||
7642 | (?<![sS]t) | |
7643 | (?<![fF]f[iI]) | |
7644 | ||
7645 | This fools Perl into not matching the ligatures. | |
7646 | ||
7647 | Another option for Perls starting with 5.16, if you only care about | |
7648 | ASCII matches, is to add the C</aa> modifier to the regex. This will | |
7649 | exclude all these non-obvious matches, thus getting rid of this message. | |
7650 | You can also say | |
7651 | ||
7652 | use if $] ge 5.016, re => '/aa'; | |
7653 | ||
d0a29c36 KW |
7654 | to apply C</aa> to all regular expressions compiled within its scope. |
7655 | See L<re>. | |
b4581f09 JH |
7656 | |
7657 | =item "%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s | |
7658 | ||
52e3acf8 | 7659 | (W shadow) A "my", "our" or "state" variable has been redeclared in the |
b9cc85ad FC |
7660 | current scope or statement, effectively eliminating all access to the |
7661 | previous instance. This is almost always a typographical error. Note | |
7662 | that the earlier variable will still exist until the end of the scope | |
20d33786 | 7663 | or until all closure references to it are destroyed. |
b4581f09 | 7664 | |
6df41af2 GS |
7665 | =item Variable syntax |
7666 | ||
7667 | (A) You've accidentally run your script through B<csh> instead | |
7668 | of Perl. Check the #! line, or manually feed your script into | |
7669 | Perl yourself. | |
7670 | ||
44a8e56a | 7671 | =item Variable "%s" will not stay shared |
7672 | ||
be771a83 | 7673 | (W closure) An inner (nested) I<named> subroutine is referencing a |
b5c19bd7 | 7674 | lexical variable defined in an outer named subroutine. |
44a8e56a | 7675 | |
b5c19bd7 | 7676 | When the inner subroutine is called, it will see the value of |
be771a83 GS |
7677 | the outer subroutine's variable as it was before and during the *first* |
7678 | call to the outer subroutine; in this case, after the first call to the | |
7679 | outer subroutine is complete, the inner and outer subroutines will no | |
7680 | longer share a common value for the variable. In other words, the | |
7681 | variable will no longer be shared. | |
44a8e56a | 7682 | |
44a8e56a | 7683 | This problem can usually be solved by making the inner subroutine |
7684 | anonymous, using the C<sub {}> syntax. When inner anonymous subs that | |
b5c19bd7 | 7685 | reference variables in outer subroutines are created, they |
be771a83 | 7686 | are automatically rebound to the current values of such variables. |
44a8e56a | 7687 | |
6651ba0b FC |
7688 | =item vector argument not supported with alpha versions |
7689 | ||
8b6051f1 | 7690 | (S printf) The %vd (s)printf format does not support version objects |
6651ba0b FC |
7691 | with alpha parts. |
7692 | ||
e0e4a6e3 FC |
7693 | =item Verb pattern '%s' has a mandatory argument in regex; marked by |
7694 | S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ | |
e2e6a0f1 | 7695 | |
6903afa2 FC |
7696 | (F) You used a verb pattern that requires an argument. Supply an |
7697 | argument or check that you are using the right verb. | |
e2e6a0f1 | 7698 | |
e0e4a6e3 FC |
7699 | =item Verb pattern '%s' may not have an argument in regex; marked by |
7700 | S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ | |
e2e6a0f1 | 7701 | |
6903afa2 | 7702 | (F) You used a verb pattern that is not allowed an argument. Remove the |
e2e6a0f1 YO |
7703 | argument or check that you are using the right verb. |
7704 | ||
9c88bb56 | 7705 | =item Version control conflict marker |
397c43d8 LM |
7706 | |
7707 | (F) The parser found a line starting with C<E<lt><<<<<<>, | |
d4e5761f | 7708 | C<E<gt>E<gt>E<gt>E<gt>E<gt>E<gt>E<gt>>, or C<=======>. These may be left by a |
397c43d8 LM |
7709 | version control system to mark conflicts after a failed merge operation. |
7710 | ||
084610c0 GS |
7711 | =item Version number must be a constant number |
7712 | ||
7713 | (P) The attempt to translate a C<use Module n.n LIST> statement into | |
7714 | its equivalent C<BEGIN> block found an internal inconsistency with | |
7715 | the version number. | |
7716 | ||
808ee47e SP |
7717 | =item Version string '%s' contains invalid data; ignoring: '%s' |
7718 | ||
32e998fd RGS |
7719 | (W misc) The version string contains invalid characters at the end, which |
7720 | are being ignored. | |
808ee47e | 7721 | |
7e1af8bc | 7722 | =item Warning: something's wrong |
5f05dabc | 7723 | |
7724 | (W) You passed warn() an empty string (the equivalent of C<warn "">) or | |
ec8bb14c | 7725 | you called it with no args and C<$@> was empty. |
5f05dabc | 7726 | |
f86702cc | 7727 | =item Warning: unable to close filehandle %s properly |
a0d0e21e | 7728 | |
be771a83 GS |
7729 | (S) The implicit close() done by an open() got an error indication on |
7730 | the close(). This usually indicates your file system ran out of disk | |
7731 | space. | |
a0d0e21e | 7732 | |
96d7c888 FC |
7733 | =item Warning: unable to close filehandle properly: %s |
7734 | ||
7735 | =item Warning: unable to close filehandle %s properly: %s | |
7736 | ||
ab7ca7ed AP |
7737 | (S io) There were errors during the implicit close() done on a filehandle |
7738 | when its reference count reached zero while it was still open, e.g.: | |
cc4d3128 DM |
7739 | |
7740 | { | |
7741 | open my $fh, '>', $file or die "open: '$file': $!\n"; | |
7742 | print $fh $data or die "print: $!"; | |
7743 | } # implicit close here | |
7744 | ||
95032a5b AP |
7745 | Because various errors may only be detected by close() (e.g. buffering could |
7746 | allow the C<print> in this example to return true even when the disk is full), | |
d4e5761f FC |
7747 | it is dangerous to ignore its result. So when it happens implicitly, perl |
7748 | will signal errors by warning. | |
cc4d3128 | 7749 | |
ab7ca7ed AP |
7750 | B<Prior to version 5.22.0, perl ignored such errors>, so the common idiom shown |
7751 | above was liable to cause B<silent data loss>. | |
96d7c888 | 7752 | |
5f05dabc | 7753 | =item Warning: Use of "%s" without parentheses is ambiguous |
a0d0e21e | 7754 | |
be771a83 GS |
7755 | (S ambiguous) You wrote a unary operator followed by something that |
7756 | looks like a binary operator that could also have been interpreted as a | |
7757 | term or unary operator. For instance, if you know that the rand | |
7758 | function has a default argument of 1.0, and you write | |
a0d0e21e LW |
7759 | |
7760 | rand + 5; | |
7761 | ||
7762 | you may THINK you wrote the same thing as | |
7763 | ||
7764 | rand() + 5; | |
7765 | ||
7766 | but in actual fact, you got | |
7767 | ||
7768 | rand(+5); | |
7769 | ||
5f05dabc | 7770 | So put in parentheses to say what you really mean. |
a0d0e21e | 7771 | |
7896dde7 | 7772 | =item when is experimental |
0f539b13 | 7773 | |
7896dde7 Z |
7774 | (S experimental::smartmatch) C<when> depends on smartmatch, which is |
7775 | experimental. Additionally, it has several special cases that may | |
7776 | not be immediately obvious, and their behavior may change or | |
7777 | even be removed in any future release of perl. See the explanation | |
7778 | under L<perlsyn/Experimental Details on given and when>. | |
0f539b13 | 7779 | |
4b3603a4 JH |
7780 | =item Wide character in %s |
7781 | ||
479b791b KW |
7782 | (S utf8) Perl met a wide character (ordinal >255) when it wasn't |
7783 | expecting one. This warning is by default on for I/O (like print). | |
7784 | ||
7785 | If this warning does come from I/O, the easiest | |
7786 | way to quiet it is simply to add the C<:utf8> layer, I<e.g.>, | |
7787 | S<C<binmode STDOUT, ':utf8'>>. Another way to turn off the warning is | |
7788 | to add S<C<no warnings 'utf8';>> but that is often closer to | |
cd28123a JH |
7789 | cheating. In general, you are supposed to explicitly mark the |
7790 | filehandle with an encoding, see L<open> and L<perlfunc/binmode>. | |
4b3603a4 | 7791 | |
479b791b KW |
7792 | If the warning comes from other than I/O, this diagnostic probably |
7793 | indicates that incorrect results are being obtained. You should examine | |
7794 | your code to determine how a wide character is getting to an operation | |
7795 | that doesn't handle them. | |
7796 | ||
613abc6d KW |
7797 | =item Wide character (U+%X) in %s |
7798 | ||
7799 | (W locale) While in a single-byte locale (I<i.e.>, a non-UTF-8 | |
7800 | one), a multi-byte character was encountered. Perl considers this | |
50ea4745 | 7801 | character to be the specified Unicode code point. Combining non-UTF-8 |
613abc6d KW |
7802 | locales and Unicode is dangerous. Almost certainly some characters |
7803 | will have two different representations. For example, in the ISO 8859-7 | |
7804 | (Greek) locale, the code point 0xC3 represents a Capital Gamma. But so | |
7805 | also does 0x393. This will make string comparisons unreliable. | |
7806 | ||
7807 | You likely need to figure out how this multi-byte character got mixed up | |
7808 | with your single-byte locale (or perhaps you thought you had a UTF-8 | |
7809 | locale, but Perl disagrees). | |
7810 | ||
49704364 WL |
7811 | =item Within []-length '%c' not allowed |
7812 | ||
fa816bf3 FC |
7813 | (F) The count in the (un)pack template may be replaced by C<[TEMPLATE]> |
7814 | only if C<TEMPLATE> always matches the same amount of packed bytes that | |
7815 | can be determined from the template alone. This is not possible if | |
7816 | it contains any of the codes @, /, U, u, w or a *-length. Redesign | |
7817 | the template. | |
49704364 | 7818 | |
448aac91 MM |
7819 | =item While trying to resolve method call %s->%s() can not locate package "%s" yet it is mentioned in @%s::ISA (perhaps you forgot to load "%s"?) |
7820 | ||
ece464a3 | 7821 | (W syntax) It is possible that the C<@ISA> contains a misspelled or never loaded |
448aac91 | 7822 | package name, which can result in perl choosing an unexpected parent |
ece464a3 | 7823 | class's method to resolve the method call. If this is deliberate you |
448aac91 MM |
7824 | can do something like |
7825 | ||
7826 | @Missing::Package::ISA = (); | |
7827 | ||
7828 | to silence the warnings, otherwise you should correct the package name, or | |
7829 | ensure that the package is loaded prior to the method call. | |
7830 | ||
74d1b2e4 FC |
7831 | =item %s() with negative argument |
7832 | ||
7833 | (S misc) Certain operations make no sense with negative arguments. | |
7834 | Warning is given and the operation is not done. | |
7835 | ||
9a7dcd9c | 7836 | =item write() on closed filehandle %s |
a0d0e21e | 7837 | |
be771a83 | 7838 | (W closed) The filehandle you're writing to got itself closed sometime |
c289d2f7 | 7839 | before now. Check your control flow. |
a0d0e21e | 7840 | |
9ae3ac1a | 7841 | =item %s "\x%X" does not map to Unicode |
b4581f09 | 7842 | |
27f95370 FC |
7843 | (S utf8) When reading in different encodings, Perl tries to |
7844 | map everything into Unicode characters. The bytes you read | |
7845 | in are not legal in this encoding. For example | |
b4581f09 JH |
7846 | |
7847 | utf8 "\xE4" does not map to Unicode | |
7848 | ||
7849 | if you try to read in the a-diaereses Latin-1 as UTF-8. | |
7850 | ||
49704364 | 7851 | =item 'X' outside of string |
a0d0e21e | 7852 | |
49704364 WL |
7853 | (F) You had a (un)pack template that specified a relative position before |
7854 | the beginning of the string being (un)packed. See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
a0d0e21e | 7855 | |
49704364 | 7856 | =item 'x' outside of string in unpack |
a0d0e21e LW |
7857 | |
7858 | (F) You had a pack template that specified a relative position after | |
7859 | the end of the string being unpacked. See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
7860 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
7861 | =item YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET! |
7862 | ||
5f05dabc | 7863 | (F) And you probably never will, because you probably don't have the |
a0d0e21e | 7864 | sources to your kernel, and your vendor probably doesn't give a rip |
b5145c7d Z |
7865 | about what you want. There is a vulnerability anywhere that you have a |
7866 | set-id script, and to close it you need to remove the set-id bit from | |
7867 | the script that you're attempting to run. To actually run the script | |
7868 | set-id, your best bet is to put a set-id C wrapper around your script. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
7869 | |
7870 | =item You need to quote "%s" | |
7871 | ||
be771a83 GS |
7872 | (W syntax) You assigned a bareword as a signal handler name. |
7873 | Unfortunately, you already have a subroutine of that name declared, | |
7874 | which means that Perl 5 will try to call the subroutine when the | |
7875 | assignment is executed, which is probably not what you want. (If it IS | |
7876 | what you want, put an & in front.) | |
a0d0e21e | 7877 | |
6cfd5ea7 JH |
7878 | =item Your random numbers are not that random |
7879 | ||
50a39ba4 | 7880 | (F) When trying to initialize the random seed for hashes, Perl could |
6cfd5ea7 JH |
7881 | not get any randomness out of your system. This usually indicates |
7882 | Something Very Wrong. | |
7883 | ||
e0e4a6e3 | 7884 | =item Zero length \N{} in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
8a5a438d | 7885 | |
f3ba6905 | 7886 | (F) Named Unicode character escapes (C<\N{...}>) may return a zero-length |
8a5a438d | 7887 | sequence. Such an escape was used in an extended character class, i.e. |
fe0a3646 KW |
7888 | C<(?[...])>, or under C<use re 'strict'>, which is not permitted. Check |
7889 | that the correct escape has been used, and the correct charnames handler | |
7890 | is in scope. The S<<-- HERE> shows whereabouts in the regular | |
7891 | expression the problem was discovered. | |
8a5a438d | 7892 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
7893 | =back |
7894 | ||
00eb3f2b RGS |
7895 | =head1 SEE ALSO |
7896 | ||
44ecbbd8 | 7897 | L<warnings>, L<diagnostics>. |
00eb3f2b | 7898 | |
56e90b21 | 7899 | =cut |