Commit | Line | Data |
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a0d0e21e LW |
1 | =head1 NAME |
2 | ||
3 | perldiag - various Perl diagnostics | |
4 | ||
5 | =head1 DESCRIPTION | |
6 | ||
7 | These messages are classified as follows (listed in increasing order of | |
8 | desperation): | |
9 | ||
10 | (W) A warning (optional). | |
d1d15184 | 11 | (D) A deprecation (enabled by default). |
00eb3f2b | 12 | (S) A severe warning (enabled by default). |
a0d0e21e LW |
13 | (F) A fatal error (trappable). |
14 | (P) An internal error you should never see (trappable). | |
54310121 | 15 | (X) A very fatal error (nontrappable). |
cb1a09d0 | 16 | (A) An alien error message (not generated by Perl). |
a0d0e21e | 17 | |
75b44862 | 18 | The majority of messages from the first three classifications above |
64977eb6 | 19 | (W, D & S) can be controlled using the C<warnings> pragma. |
e476b1b5 GS |
20 | |
21 | If a message can be controlled by the C<warnings> pragma, its warning | |
22 | category is included with the classification letter in the description | |
466416ed | 23 | below. E.g. C<(W closed)> means a warning in the C<closed> category. |
e476b1b5 GS |
24 | |
25 | Optional warnings are enabled by using the C<warnings> pragma or the B<-w> | |
fa816bf3 | 26 | and B<-W> switches. Warnings may be captured by setting C<$SIG{__WARN__}> |
e476b1b5 GS |
27 | to a reference to a routine that will be called on each warning instead |
28 | of printing it. See L<perlvar>. | |
29 | ||
b7eceb5b | 30 | Severe warnings are always enabled, unless they are explicitly disabled |
e476b1b5 | 31 | with the C<warnings> pragma or the B<-X> switch. |
4438c4b7 | 32 | |
748a9306 | 33 | Trappable errors may be trapped using the eval operator. See |
4438c4b7 JH |
34 | L<perlfunc/eval>. In almost all cases, warnings may be selectively |
35 | disabled or promoted to fatal errors using the C<warnings> pragma. | |
36 | See L<warnings>. | |
a0d0e21e | 37 | |
6df41af2 GS |
38 | The messages are in alphabetical order, without regard to upper or |
39 | lower-case. Some of these messages are generic. Spots that vary are | |
40 | denoted with a %s or other printf-style escape. These escapes are | |
41 | ignored by the alphabetical order, as are all characters other than | |
42 | letters. To look up your message, just ignore anything that is not a | |
43 | letter. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
44 | |
45 | =over 4 | |
46 | ||
6df41af2 | 47 | =item accept() on closed socket %s |
33633739 | 48 | |
be771a83 GS |
49 | (W closed) You tried to do an accept on a closed socket. Did you forget |
50 | to check the return value of your socket() call? See | |
51 | L<perlfunc/accept>. | |
33633739 | 52 | |
baabe3fb FC |
53 | =item Aliasing via reference is experimental |
54 | ||
55 | (S experimental::refaliasing) This warning is emitted if you use | |
56 | a reference constructor on the left-hand side of an assignment to | |
57 | alias one variable to another. Simply suppress the warning if you | |
58 | want to use the feature, but know that in doing so you are taking | |
59 | the risk of using an experimental feature which may change or be | |
60 | removed in a future Perl version: | |
61 | ||
62 | no warnings "experimental::refaliasing"; | |
63 | use feature "refaliasing"; | |
64 | \$x = \$y; | |
65 | ||
de42a5a9 | 66 | =item Allocation too large: %x |
a0d0e21e | 67 | |
6df41af2 | 68 | (X) You can't allocate more than 64K on an MS-DOS machine. |
a0d0e21e | 69 | |
04f74579 | 70 | =item '%c' allowed only after types %s in %s |
ef54e1a4 | 71 | |
1109a392 MHM |
72 | (F) The modifiers '!', '<' and '>' are allowed in pack() or unpack() only |
73 | after certain types. See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
ef54e1a4 | 74 | |
6df41af2 | 75 | =item Ambiguous call resolved as CORE::%s(), qualify as such or use & |
43192e07 | 76 | |
75b44862 | 77 | (W ambiguous) A subroutine you have declared has the same name as a Perl |
be771a83 GS |
78 | keyword, and you have used the name without qualification for calling |
79 | one or the other. Perl decided to call the builtin because the | |
80 | subroutine is not imported. | |
43192e07 | 81 | |
6df41af2 GS |
82 | To force interpretation as a subroutine call, either put an ampersand |
83 | before the subroutine name, or qualify the name with its package. | |
84 | Alternatively, you can import the subroutine (or pretend that it's | |
85 | imported with the C<use subs> pragma). | |
43192e07 | 86 | |
6df41af2 | 87 | To silently interpret it as the Perl operator, use the C<CORE::> prefix |
496a33f5 | 88 | on the operator (e.g. C<CORE::log($x)>) or declare the subroutine |
be771a83 GS |
89 | to be an object method (see L<perlsub/"Subroutine Attributes"> or |
90 | L<attributes>). | |
43192e07 | 91 | |
c2e66d9e GS |
92 | =item Ambiguous range in transliteration operator |
93 | ||
94 | (F) You wrote something like C<tr/a-z-0//> which doesn't mean anything at | |
95 | all. To include a C<-> character in a transliteration, put it either | |
96 | first or last. (In the past, C<tr/a-z-0//> was synonymous with | |
97 | C<tr/a-y//>, which was probably not what you would have expected.) | |
98 | ||
6df41af2 | 99 | =item Ambiguous use of %s resolved as %s |
43192e07 | 100 | |
7c7af292 | 101 | (S ambiguous) You said something that may not be interpreted the way |
6df41af2 GS |
102 | you thought. Normally it's pretty easy to disambiguate it by supplying |
103 | a missing quote, operator, parenthesis pair or declaration. | |
a0d0e21e | 104 | |
591f5ca2 FC |
105 | =item Ambiguous use of -%s resolved as -&%s() |
106 | ||
107 | (S ambiguous) You wrote something like C<-foo>, which might be the | |
108 | string C<"-foo">, or a call to the function C<foo>, negated. If you meant | |
109 | the string, just write C<"-foo">. If you meant the function call, | |
110 | write C<-foo()>. | |
111 | ||
d8225693 JM |
112 | =item Ambiguous use of %c resolved as operator %c |
113 | ||
7c7af292 | 114 | (S ambiguous) C<%>, C<&>, and C<*> are both infix operators (modulus, |
3303f755 FC |
115 | bitwise and, and multiplication) I<and> initial special characters |
116 | (denoting hashes, subroutines and typeglobs), and you said something | |
117 | like C<*foo * foo> that might be interpreted as either of them. We | |
118 | assumed you meant the infix operator, but please try to make it more | |
119 | clear -- in the example given, you might write C<*foo * foo()> if you | |
120 | really meant to multiply a glob by the result of calling a function. | |
d8225693 | 121 | |
1ef43bca JM |
122 | =item Ambiguous use of %c{%s} resolved to %c%s |
123 | ||
124 | (W ambiguous) You wrote something like C<@{foo}>, which might be | |
125 | asking for the variable C<@foo>, or it might be calling a function | |
126 | named foo, and dereferencing it as an array reference. If you wanted | |
1cecf2c0 | 127 | the variable, you can just write C<@foo>. If you wanted to call the |
1ef43bca JM |
128 | function, write C<@{foo()}> ... or you could just not have a variable |
129 | and a function with the same name, and save yourself a lot of trouble. | |
130 | ||
e850844c FC |
131 | =item Ambiguous use of %c{%s[...]} resolved to %c%s[...] |
132 | ||
133 | =item Ambiguous use of %c{%s{...}} resolved to %c%s{...} | |
4da60377 | 134 | |
fa816bf3 FC |
135 | (W ambiguous) You wrote something like C<${foo[2]}> (where foo represents |
136 | the name of a Perl keyword), which might be looking for element number | |
137 | 2 of the array named C<@foo>, in which case please write C<$foo[2]>, or you | |
138 | might have meant to pass an anonymous arrayref to the function named | |
139 | foo, and then do a scalar deref on the value it returns. If you meant | |
140 | that, write C<${foo([2])}>. | |
ccaaf480 FC |
141 | |
142 | In regular expressions, the C<${foo[2]}> syntax is sometimes necessary | |
143 | to disambiguate between array subscripts and character classes. | |
fa816bf3 FC |
144 | C</$length[2345]/>, for instance, will be interpreted as C<$length> followed |
145 | by the character class C<[2345]>. If an array subscript is what you | |
146 | want, you can avoid the warning by changing C</${length[2345]}/> to the | |
147 | unsightly C</${\$length[2345]}/>, by renaming your array to something | |
148 | that does not coincide with a built-in keyword, or by simply turning | |
149 | off warnings with C<no warnings 'ambiguous';>. | |
4da60377 | 150 | |
6df41af2 | 151 | =item '|' and '<' may not both be specified on command line |
a0d0e21e | 152 | |
be771a83 GS |
153 | (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl does its own command line |
154 | redirection, and found that STDIN was a pipe, and that you also tried to | |
155 | redirect STDIN using '<'. Only one STDIN stream to a customer, please. | |
c9f97d15 | 156 | |
6df41af2 | 157 | =item '|' and '>' may not both be specified on command line |
1028017a | 158 | |
be771a83 GS |
159 | (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl does its own command line |
160 | redirection, and thinks you tried to redirect stdout both to a file and | |
161 | into a pipe to another command. You need to choose one or the other, | |
162 | though nothing's stopping you from piping into a program or Perl script | |
163 | which 'splits' output into two streams, such as | |
1028017a | 164 | |
6df41af2 GS |
165 | open(OUT,">$ARGV[0]") or die "Can't write to $ARGV[0]: $!"; |
166 | while (<STDIN>) { | |
167 | print; | |
168 | print OUT; | |
169 | } | |
170 | close OUT; | |
c9f97d15 | 171 | |
6df41af2 | 172 | =item Applying %s to %s will act on scalar(%s) |
eb6e2d6f | 173 | |
496a33f5 SC |
174 | (W misc) The pattern match (C<//>), substitution (C<s///>), and |
175 | transliteration (C<tr///>) operators work on scalar values. If you apply | |
be771a83 | 176 | one of them to an array or a hash, it will convert the array or hash to |
ac036724 | 177 | a scalar value (the length of an array, or the population info of a |
178 | hash) and then work on that scalar value. This is probably not what | |
be771a83 GS |
179 | you meant to do. See L<perlfunc/grep> and L<perlfunc/map> for |
180 | alternatives. | |
eb6e2d6f | 181 | |
6df41af2 | 182 | =item Arg too short for msgsnd |
76cd736e | 183 | |
6df41af2 | 184 | (F) msgsnd() requires a string at least as long as sizeof(long). |
76cd736e | 185 | |
f86702cc | 186 | =item Argument "%s" isn't numeric%s |
a0d0e21e | 187 | |
be771a83 GS |
188 | (W numeric) The indicated string was fed as an argument to an operator |
189 | that expected a numeric value instead. If you're fortunate the message | |
190 | will identify which operator was so unfortunate. | |
a0d0e21e | 191 | |
b4581f09 JH |
192 | =item Argument list not closed for PerlIO layer "%s" |
193 | ||
a534ac11 FC |
194 | (W layer) When pushing a layer with arguments onto the Perl I/O |
195 | system you forgot the ) that closes the argument list. (Layers | |
196 | take care of transforming data between external and internal | |
197 | representations.) Perl stopped parsing the layer list at this | |
198 | point and did not attempt to push this layer. If your program | |
199 | didn't explicitly request the failing operation, it may be the | |
200 | result of the value of the environment variable PERLIO. | |
b4581f09 | 201 | |
3f7602fa TC |
202 | =item Argument "%s" treated as 0 in increment (++) |
203 | ||
204 | (W numeric) The indicated string was fed as an argument to the C<++> | |
205 | operator which expects either a number or a string matching | |
206 | C</^[a-zA-Z]*[0-9]*\z/>. See L<perlop/Auto-increment and | |
207 | Auto-decrement> for details. | |
208 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
209 | =item assertion botched: %s |
210 | ||
21b5e840 | 211 | (X) The malloc package that comes with Perl had an internal failure. |
a0d0e21e | 212 | |
0eacef8e | 213 | =item Assertion %s failed: file "%s", line %d |
a0d0e21e | 214 | |
21b5e840 | 215 | (X) A general assertion failed. The file in question must be examined. |
a0d0e21e | 216 | |
1f8155a2 FC |
217 | =item Assigned value is not a reference |
218 | ||
219 | (F) You tried to assign something that was not a reference to an lvalue | |
220 | reference (e.g., C<\$x = $y>). If you meant to make $x an alias to $y, use | |
221 | C<\$x = \$y>. | |
222 | ||
223 | =item Assigned value is not %s reference | |
224 | ||
baabe3fb FC |
225 | (F) You tried to assign a reference to a reference constructor, but the |
226 | two references were not of the same type. You cannot alias a scalar to | |
227 | an array, or an array to a hash; the two types must match. | |
1f8155a2 FC |
228 | |
229 | \$x = \@y; # error | |
230 | \@x = \%y; # error | |
231 | $y = []; | |
232 | \$x = $y; # error; did you mean \$y? | |
233 | ||
82122228 FC |
234 | =item Assigning non-zero to $[ is no longer possible |
235 | ||
7d345e3d FC |
236 | (F) When the "array_base" feature is disabled (e.g., under C<use v5.16;>) |
237 | the special variable C<$[>, which is deprecated, is now a fixed zero value. | |
82122228 | 238 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
239 | =item Assignment to both a list and a scalar |
240 | ||
241 | (F) If you assign to a conditional operator, the 2nd and 3rd arguments | |
242 | must either both be scalars or both be lists. Otherwise Perl won't | |
243 | know which context to supply to the right side. | |
244 | ||
f51551f7 FC |
245 | =item <> at require-statement should be quotes |
246 | ||
247 | (F) You wrote C<< require <file> >> when you should have written | |
248 | C<require 'file'>. | |
249 | ||
2393f1b9 | 250 | =item Attempt to access disallowed key '%s' in a restricted hash |
1b1f1335 | 251 | |
49293501 | 252 | (F) The failing code has attempted to get or set a key which is not in |
2393f1b9 | 253 | the current set of allowed keys of a restricted hash. |
49293501 | 254 | |
dcdfe746 FC |
255 | =item Attempt to bless into a freed package |
256 | ||
257 | (F) You wrote C<bless $foo> with one argument after somehow causing | |
258 | the current package to be freed. Perl cannot figure out what to | |
259 | do, so it throws up in hands in despair. | |
260 | ||
81689caa HS |
261 | =item Attempt to bless into a reference |
262 | ||
263 | (F) The CLASSNAME argument to the bless() operator is expected to be | |
57dedab9 | 264 | the name of the package to bless the resulting object into. You've |
81689caa HS |
265 | supplied instead a reference to something: perhaps you wrote |
266 | ||
267 | bless $self, $proto; | |
268 | ||
269 | when you intended | |
270 | ||
271 | bless $self, ref($proto) || $proto; | |
272 | ||
273 | If you actually want to bless into the stringified version | |
274 | of the reference supplied, you need to stringify it yourself, for | |
275 | example by: | |
276 | ||
277 | bless $self, "$proto"; | |
278 | ||
a730510a FC |
279 | =item Attempt to clear deleted array |
280 | ||
281 | (S debugging) An array was assigned to when it was being freed. | |
282 | Freed values are not supposed to be visible to Perl code. This | |
283 | can also happen if XS code calls C<av_clear> from a custom magic | |
284 | callback on the array. | |
285 | ||
96ebfdd7 RK |
286 | =item Attempt to delete disallowed key '%s' from a restricted hash |
287 | ||
288 | (F) The failing code attempted to delete from a restricted hash a key | |
289 | which is not in its key set. | |
290 | ||
291 | =item Attempt to delete readonly key '%s' from a restricted hash | |
292 | ||
293 | (F) The failing code attempted to delete a key whose value has been | |
294 | declared readonly from a restricted hash. | |
295 | ||
de42a5a9 | 296 | =item Attempt to free non-arena SV: 0x%x |
a0d0e21e | 297 | |
f84fe999 | 298 | (S internal) All SV objects are supposed to be allocated from arenas |
be771a83 GS |
299 | that will be garbage collected on exit. An SV was discovered to be |
300 | outside any of those arenas. | |
a0d0e21e | 301 | |
12578ffb | 302 | =item Attempt to free nonexistent shared string '%s'%s |
bbce6d69 | 303 | |
f84fe999 | 304 | (S internal) Perl maintains a reference-counted internal table of |
be771a83 GS |
305 | strings to optimize the storage and access of hash keys and other |
306 | strings. This indicates someone tried to decrement the reference count | |
307 | of a string that can no longer be found in the table. | |
bbce6d69 | 308 | |
7d5b40b4 | 309 | =item Attempt to free temp prematurely: SV 0x%x |
a0d0e21e | 310 | |
f84fe999 | 311 | (S debugging) Mortalized values are supposed to be freed by the |
be771a83 GS |
312 | free_tmps() routine. This indicates that something else is freeing the |
313 | SV before the free_tmps() routine gets a chance, which means that the | |
314 | free_tmps() routine will be freeing an unreferenced scalar when it does | |
315 | try to free it. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
316 | |
317 | =item Attempt to free unreferenced glob pointers | |
318 | ||
f84fe999 | 319 | (S internal) The reference counts got screwed up on symbol aliases. |
a0d0e21e | 320 | |
7d5b40b4 | 321 | =item Attempt to free unreferenced scalar: SV 0x%x |
a0d0e21e | 322 | |
8f7e4d2c | 323 | (S internal) Perl went to decrement the reference count of a scalar to |
be771a83 GS |
324 | see if it would go to 0, and discovered that it had already gone to 0 |
325 | earlier, and should have been freed, and in fact, probably was freed. | |
326 | This could indicate that SvREFCNT_dec() was called too many times, or | |
327 | that SvREFCNT_inc() was called too few times, or that the SV was | |
328 | mortalized when it shouldn't have been, or that memory has been | |
329 | corrupted. | |
a0d0e21e | 330 | |
84902520 TB |
331 | =item Attempt to pack pointer to temporary value |
332 | ||
be771a83 GS |
333 | (W pack) You tried to pass a temporary value (like the result of a |
334 | function, or a computed expression) to the "p" pack() template. This | |
335 | means the result contains a pointer to a location that could become | |
336 | invalid anytime, even before the end of the current statement. Use | |
337 | literals or global values as arguments to the "p" pack() template to | |
338 | avoid this warning. | |
84902520 | 339 | |
087b5369 RD |
340 | =item Attempt to reload %s aborted. |
341 | ||
342 | (F) You tried to load a file with C<use> or C<require> that failed to | |
343 | compile once already. Perl will not try to compile this file again | |
344 | unless you delete its entry from %INC. See L<perlfunc/require> and | |
345 | L<perlvar/%INC>. | |
346 | ||
1b20cd17 NC |
347 | =item Attempt to set length of freed array |
348 | ||
0c5c527f FC |
349 | (W misc) You tried to set the length of an array which has |
350 | been freed. You can do this by storing a reference to the | |
351 | scalar representing the last index of an array and later | |
352 | assigning through that reference. For example | |
1b20cd17 NC |
353 | |
354 | $r = do {my @a; \$#a}; | |
355 | $$r = 503 | |
356 | ||
b7a902f4 | 357 | =item Attempt to use reference as lvalue in substr |
358 | ||
be771a83 GS |
359 | (W substr) You supplied a reference as the first argument to substr() |
360 | used as an lvalue, which is pretty strange. Perhaps you forgot to | |
361 | dereference it first. See L<perlfunc/substr>. | |
b7a902f4 | 362 | |
c32124fe NC |
363 | =item Attribute "locked" is deprecated |
364 | ||
57dedab9 FC |
365 | (D deprecated) You have used the attributes pragma to modify the |
366 | "locked" attribute on a code reference. The :locked attribute is | |
367 | obsolete, has had no effect since 5005 threads were removed, and | |
368 | will be removed in a future release of Perl 5. | |
c32124fe | 369 | |
591f5ca2 FC |
370 | =item Attribute prototype(%s) discards earlier prototype attribute in same sub |
371 | ||
372 | (W misc) A sub was declared as sub foo : prototype(A) : prototype(B) {}, for | |
373 | example. Since each sub can only have one prototype, the earlier | |
374 | declaration(s) are discarded while the last one is applied. | |
375 | ||
f1a3ce43 NC |
376 | =item Attribute "unique" is deprecated |
377 | ||
57dedab9 FC |
378 | (D deprecated) You have used the attributes pragma to modify |
379 | the "unique" attribute on an array, hash or scalar reference. | |
380 | The :unique attribute has had no effect since Perl 5.8.8, and | |
381 | will be removed in a future release of Perl 5. | |
f1a3ce43 | 382 | |
ccce04a4 FC |
383 | =item av_reify called on tied array |
384 | ||
385 | (S debugging) This indicates that something went wrong and Perl got I<very> | |
386 | confused about C<@_> or C<@DB::args> being tied. | |
387 | ||
de42a5a9 | 388 | =item Bad arg length for %s, is %u, should be %d |
a0d0e21e | 389 | |
be771a83 GS |
390 | (F) You passed a buffer of the wrong size to one of msgctl(), semctl() |
391 | or shmctl(). In C parlance, the correct sizes are, respectively, | |
5f05dabc | 392 | S<sizeof(struct msqid_ds *)>, S<sizeof(struct semid_ds *)>, and |
a0d0e21e LW |
393 | S<sizeof(struct shmid_ds *)>. |
394 | ||
7a95317d GS |
395 | =item Bad evalled substitution pattern |
396 | ||
496a33f5 | 397 | (F) You've used the C</e> switch to evaluate the replacement for a |
7a95317d GS |
398 | substitution, but perl found a syntax error in the code to evaluate, |
399 | most likely an unexpected right brace '}'. | |
400 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
401 | =item Bad filehandle: %s |
402 | ||
be771a83 GS |
403 | (F) A symbol was passed to something wanting a filehandle, but the |
404 | symbol has no filehandle associated with it. Perhaps you didn't do an | |
405 | open(), or did it in another package. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
406 | |
407 | =item Bad free() ignored | |
408 | ||
be771a83 | 409 | (S malloc) An internal routine called free() on something that had never |
fa816bf3 | 410 | been malloc()ed in the first place. Mandatory, but can be disabled by |
9ea8bc6d | 411 | setting environment variable C<PERL_BADFREE> to 0. |
33c8a3fe | 412 | |
9ea8bc6d | 413 | This message can be seen quite often with DB_File on systems with "hard" |
6903afa2 | 414 | dynamic linking, like C<AIX> and C<OS/2>. It is a bug of C<Berkeley DB> |
be771a83 | 415 | which is left unnoticed if C<DB> uses I<forgiving> system malloc(). |
a0d0e21e | 416 | |
aa689395 | 417 | =item Bad hash |
418 | ||
419 | (P) One of the internal hash routines was passed a null HV pointer. | |
420 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
421 | =item Badly placed ()'s |
422 | ||
423 | (A) You've accidentally run your script through B<csh> instead | |
424 | of Perl. Check the #! line, or manually feed your script into | |
425 | Perl yourself. | |
426 | ||
a7cb8dae | 427 | =item Bad name after %s |
a0d0e21e | 428 | |
be771a83 GS |
429 | (F) You started to name a symbol by using a package prefix, and then |
430 | didn't finish the symbol. In particular, you can't interpolate outside | |
431 | of quotes, so | |
a0d0e21e LW |
432 | |
433 | $var = 'myvar'; | |
434 | $sym = mypack::$var; | |
435 | ||
436 | is not the same as | |
437 | ||
438 | $var = 'myvar'; | |
439 | $sym = "mypack::$var"; | |
440 | ||
88e1f1a2 JV |
441 | =item Bad plugin affecting keyword '%s' |
442 | ||
443 | (F) An extension using the keyword plugin mechanism violated the | |
444 | plugin API. | |
445 | ||
4ad56ec9 IZ |
446 | =item Bad realloc() ignored |
447 | ||
6903afa2 FC |
448 | (S malloc) An internal routine called realloc() on something that |
449 | had never been malloc()ed in the first place. Mandatory, but can | |
450 | be disabled by setting the environment variable C<PERL_BADFREE> to 1. | |
4ad56ec9 | 451 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
452 | =item Bad symbol for array |
453 | ||
454 | (P) An internal request asked to add an array entry to something that | |
455 | wasn't a symbol table entry. | |
456 | ||
4df3f177 SP |
457 | =item Bad symbol for dirhandle |
458 | ||
459 | (P) An internal request asked to add a dirhandle entry to something | |
460 | that wasn't a symbol table entry. | |
461 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
462 | =item Bad symbol for filehandle |
463 | ||
be771a83 GS |
464 | (P) An internal request asked to add a filehandle entry to something |
465 | that wasn't a symbol table entry. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
466 | |
467 | =item Bad symbol for hash | |
468 | ||
469 | (P) An internal request asked to add a hash entry to something that | |
470 | wasn't a symbol table entry. | |
471 | ||
34d09196 GS |
472 | =item Bareword found in conditional |
473 | ||
be771a83 GS |
474 | (W bareword) The compiler found a bareword where it expected a |
475 | conditional, which often indicates that an || or && was parsed as part | |
476 | of the last argument of the previous construct, for example: | |
34d09196 GS |
477 | |
478 | open FOO || die; | |
479 | ||
be771a83 GS |
480 | It may also indicate a misspelled constant that has been interpreted as |
481 | a bareword: | |
34d09196 GS |
482 | |
483 | use constant TYPO => 1; | |
484 | if (TYOP) { print "foo" } | |
485 | ||
486 | The C<strict> pragma is useful in avoiding such errors. | |
487 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
488 | =item Bareword "%s" not allowed while "strict subs" in use |
489 | ||
490 | (F) With "strict subs" in use, a bareword is only allowed as a | |
be771a83 GS |
491 | subroutine identifier, in curly brackets or to the left of the "=>" |
492 | symbol. Perhaps you need to predeclare a subroutine? | |
6df41af2 GS |
493 | |
494 | =item Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent package | |
495 | ||
be771a83 GS |
496 | (W bareword) You used a qualified bareword of the form C<Foo::>, but the |
497 | compiler saw no other uses of that namespace before that point. Perhaps | |
498 | you need to predeclare a package? | |
6df41af2 | 499 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
500 | =item BEGIN failed--compilation aborted |
501 | ||
be771a83 GS |
502 | (F) An untrapped exception was raised while executing a BEGIN |
503 | subroutine. Compilation stops immediately and the interpreter is | |
504 | exited. | |
a0d0e21e | 505 | |
68dc0745 | 506 | =item BEGIN not safe after errors--compilation aborted |
507 | ||
508 | (F) Perl found a C<BEGIN {}> subroutine (or a C<use> directive, which | |
be771a83 GS |
509 | implies a C<BEGIN {}>) after one or more compilation errors had already |
510 | occurred. Since the intended environment for the C<BEGIN {}> could not | |
511 | be guaranteed (due to the errors), and since subsequent code likely | |
512 | depends on its correct operation, Perl just gave up. | |
68dc0745 | 513 | |
c782d7ee | 514 | =item \%d better written as $%d |
6df41af2 | 515 | |
be771a83 GS |
516 | (W syntax) Outside of patterns, backreferences live on as variables. |
517 | The use of backslashes is grandfathered on the right-hand side of a | |
518 | substitution, but stylistically it's better to use the variable form | |
519 | because other Perl programmers will expect it, and it works better if | |
520 | there are more than 9 backreferences. | |
6df41af2 | 521 | |
252aa082 JH |
522 | =item Binary number > 0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable |
523 | ||
e476b1b5 | 524 | (W portable) The binary number you specified is larger than 2**32-1 |
9e24b6e2 JH |
525 | (4294967295) and therefore non-portable between systems. See |
526 | L<perlport> for more on portability concerns. | |
252aa082 | 527 | |
69282e91 | 528 | =item bind() on closed socket %s |
a0d0e21e | 529 | |
be771a83 GS |
530 | (W closed) You tried to do a bind on a closed socket. Did you forget to |
531 | check the return value of your socket() call? See L<perlfunc/bind>. | |
a0d0e21e | 532 | |
c289d2f7 JH |
533 | =item binmode() on closed filehandle %s |
534 | ||
535 | (W unopened) You tried binmode() on a filehandle that was never opened. | |
4dcecea4 | 536 | Check your control flow and number of arguments. |
c289d2f7 | 537 | |
c5a0f51a JH |
538 | =item Bit vector size > 32 non-portable |
539 | ||
e476b1b5 | 540 | (W portable) Using bit vector sizes larger than 32 is non-portable. |
c5a0f51a | 541 | |
043c750c | 542 | =item Bizarre copy of %s |
4633a7c4 | 543 | |
be771a83 | 544 | (P) Perl detected an attempt to copy an internal value that is not |
ab830aa0 | 545 | copiable. |
4633a7c4 | 546 | |
5a25739d FC |
547 | =item Bizarre SvTYPE [%d] |
548 | ||
434f489b | 549 | (P) When starting a new thread or returning values from a thread, Perl |
5a25739d FC |
550 | encountered an invalid data type. |
551 | ||
f675dbe5 CB |
552 | =item Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s |
553 | ||
be771a83 GS |
554 | (W internal) A warning peculiar to VMS. While Perl was preparing to |
555 | iterate over %ENV, it encountered a logical name or symbol definition | |
556 | which was too long, so it was truncated to the string shown. | |
f675dbe5 | 557 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
558 | =item Callback called exit |
559 | ||
4929bf7b | 560 | (F) A subroutine invoked from an external package via call_sv() |
a0d0e21e LW |
561 | exited by calling exit. |
562 | ||
6df41af2 | 563 | =item %s() called too early to check prototype |
f675dbe5 | 564 | |
be771a83 GS |
565 | (W prototype) You've called a function that has a prototype before the |
566 | parser saw a definition or declaration for it, and Perl could not check | |
567 | that the call conforms to the prototype. You need to either add an | |
568 | early prototype declaration for the subroutine in question, or move the | |
569 | subroutine definition ahead of the call to get proper prototype | |
570 | checking. Alternatively, if you are certain that you're calling the | |
571 | function correctly, you may put an ampersand before the name to avoid | |
572 | the warning. See L<perlsub>. | |
f675dbe5 | 573 | |
56feebad FC |
574 | =item Calling POSIX::%s() is deprecated |
575 | ||
576 | (D deprecated) You called a function whose use is deprecated. See | |
577 | the function's name in L<POSIX> for details. | |
578 | ||
0c7df902 JH |
579 | =item Cannot chr %f |
580 | ||
581 | (F) You passed an invalid number (like an infinity or not-a-number) to C<chr>. | |
582 | ||
5dee29d4 | 583 | =item Cannot compress %f in pack |
0c7df902 | 584 | |
5dee29d4 JH |
585 | (F) You tried compressing an infinity or not-a-number as an unsigned |
586 | integer with BER, which makes no sense. | |
0c7df902 | 587 | |
49704364 | 588 | =item Cannot compress integer in pack |
0258719b | 589 | |
717feafc JH |
590 | (F) An argument to pack("w",...) was too large to compress. |
591 | The BER compressed integer format can only be used with positive | |
592 | integers, and you attempted to compress a very large number (> 1e308). | |
593 | See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
0258719b | 594 | |
49704364 | 595 | =item Cannot compress negative numbers in pack |
0258719b NC |
596 | |
597 | (F) An argument to pack("w",...) was negative. The BER compressed integer | |
598 | format can only be used with positive integers. See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
599 | ||
5c1f4d79 NC |
600 | =item Cannot convert a reference to %s to typeglob |
601 | ||
6903afa2 FC |
602 | (F) You manipulated Perl's symbol table directly, stored a reference |
603 | in it, then tried to access that symbol via conventional Perl syntax. | |
604 | The access triggers Perl to autovivify that typeglob, but it there is | |
605 | no legal conversion from that type of reference to a typeglob. | |
5c1f4d79 | 606 | |
4040665a | 607 | =item Cannot copy to %s |
ba2fdce6 NC |
608 | |
609 | (P) Perl detected an attempt to copy a value to an internal type that cannot | |
4dcecea4 | 610 | be directly assigned to. |
ba2fdce6 | 611 | |
b5d97229 RGS |
612 | =item Cannot find encoding "%s" |
613 | ||
614 | (S io) You tried to apply an encoding that did not exist to a filehandle, | |
615 | either with open() or binmode(). | |
616 | ||
0c7df902 JH |
617 | =item Cannot pack %f with '%c' |
618 | ||
5dee29d4 | 619 | (F) You tried converting an infinity or not-a-number to an integer, |
0c7df902 JH |
620 | which makes no sense. |
621 | ||
622 | =item Cannot printf %f with '%c' | |
623 | ||
624 | (F) You tried printing an infinity or not-a-number as a character (%c), | |
625 | which makes no sense. Maybe you meant '%s', or just stringifying it? | |
626 | ||
7355df7e FC |
627 | =item Cannot set tied @DB::args |
628 | ||
629 | (F) C<caller> tried to set C<@DB::args>, but found it tied. Tying C<@DB::args> | |
630 | is not supported. (Before this error was added, it used to crash.) | |
631 | ||
ce65bc73 FC |
632 | =item Cannot tie unreifiable array |
633 | ||
634 | (P) You somehow managed to call C<tie> on an array that does not | |
635 | keep a reference count on its arguments and cannot be made to | |
636 | do so. Such arrays are not even supposed to be accessible to | |
637 | Perl code, but are only used internally. | |
638 | ||
96ebfdd7 RK |
639 | =item Can only compress unsigned integers in pack |
640 | ||
641 | (F) An argument to pack("w",...) was not an integer. The BER compressed | |
642 | integer format can only be used with positive integers, and you attempted | |
643 | to compress something else. See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
644 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
645 | =item Can't bless non-reference value |
646 | ||
647 | (F) Only hard references may be blessed. This is how Perl "enforces" | |
648 | encapsulation of objects. See L<perlobj>. | |
649 | ||
dc57907a RGS |
650 | =item Can't "break" in a loop topicalizer |
651 | ||
0d863452 | 652 | (F) You called C<break>, but you're in a C<foreach> block rather than |
6903afa2 | 653 | a C<given> block. You probably meant to use C<next> or C<last>. |
0d863452 RH |
654 | |
655 | =item Can't "break" outside a given block | |
dc57907a | 656 | |
0d863452 RH |
657 | (F) You called C<break>, but you're not inside a C<given> block. |
658 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
659 | =item Can't call method "%s" on an undefined value |
660 | ||
661 | (F) You used the syntax of a method call, but the slot filled by the | |
be771a83 GS |
662 | object reference or package name contains an undefined value. Something |
663 | like this will reproduce the error: | |
6df41af2 GS |
664 | |
665 | $BADREF = undef; | |
666 | process $BADREF 1,2,3; | |
667 | $BADREF->process(1,2,3); | |
668 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
669 | =item Can't call method "%s" on unblessed reference |
670 | ||
54310121 | 671 | (F) A method call must know in what package it's supposed to run. It |
be771a83 GS |
672 | ordinarily finds this out from the object reference you supply, but you |
673 | didn't supply an object reference in this case. A reference isn't an | |
674 | object reference until it has been blessed. See L<perlobj>. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
675 | |
676 | =item Can't call method "%s" without a package or object reference | |
677 | ||
678 | (F) You used the syntax of a method call, but the slot filled by the | |
be771a83 GS |
679 | object reference or package name contains an expression that returns a |
680 | defined value which is neither an object reference nor a package name. | |
72b5445b GS |
681 | Something like this will reproduce the error: |
682 | ||
683 | $BADREF = 42; | |
684 | process $BADREF 1,2,3; | |
685 | $BADREF->process(1,2,3); | |
686 | ||
dfe378f1 FC |
687 | =item Can't call mro_isa_changed_in() on anonymous symbol table |
688 | ||
689 | (P) Perl got confused as to whether a hash was a plain hash or a | |
690 | symbol table hash when trying to update @ISA caches. | |
691 | ||
2bf7e7b2 FC |
692 | =item Can't call mro_method_changed_in() on anonymous symbol table |
693 | ||
694 | (F) An XS module tried to call C<mro_method_changed_in> on a hash that was | |
695 | not attached to the symbol table. | |
696 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
697 | =item Can't chdir to %s |
698 | ||
f703fc96 | 699 | (F) You called C<perl -x/foo/bar>, but F</foo/bar> is not a directory |
a0d0e21e LW |
700 | that you can chdir to, possibly because it doesn't exist. |
701 | ||
0545a864 | 702 | =item Can't check filesystem of script "%s" for nosuid |
104d25b7 | 703 | |
be771a83 GS |
704 | (P) For some reason you can't check the filesystem of the script for |
705 | nosuid. | |
104d25b7 | 706 | |
22e74366 | 707 | =item Can't coerce %s to %s in %s |
a0d0e21e LW |
708 | |
709 | (F) Certain types of SVs, in particular real symbol table entries | |
55497cff | 710 | (typeglobs), can't be forced to stop being what they are. So you can't |
a0d0e21e LW |
711 | say things like: |
712 | ||
713 | *foo += 1; | |
714 | ||
715 | You CAN say | |
716 | ||
717 | $foo = *foo; | |
718 | $foo += 1; | |
719 | ||
720 | but then $foo no longer contains a glob. | |
721 | ||
0d863452 | 722 | =item Can't "continue" outside a when block |
dc57907a | 723 | |
0d863452 RH |
724 | (F) You called C<continue>, but you're not inside a C<when> |
725 | or C<default> block. | |
726 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
727 | =item Can't create pipe mailbox |
728 | ||
be771a83 GS |
729 | (P) An error peculiar to VMS. The process is suffering from exhausted |
730 | quotas or other plumbing problems. | |
a0d0e21e | 731 | |
eb64745e GS |
732 | =item Can't declare %s in "%s" |
733 | ||
30c282f6 NC |
734 | (F) Only scalar, array, and hash variables may be declared as "my", "our" or |
735 | "state" variables. They must have ordinary identifiers as names. | |
a0d0e21e | 736 | |
fc7debfb FC |
737 | =item Can't "default" outside a topicalizer |
738 | ||
739 | (F) You have used a C<default> block that is neither inside a | |
740 | C<foreach> loop nor a C<given> block. (Note that this error is | |
741 | issued on exit from the C<default> block, so you won't get the | |
742 | error if you use an explicit C<continue>.) | |
743 | ||
a2162cd9 FC |
744 | =item Can't do inplace edit: %s is not a regular file |
745 | ||
746 | (S inplace) You tried to use the B<-i> switch on a special file, such as | |
747 | a file in /dev, a FIFO or an uneditable directory. The file was ignored. | |
748 | ||
749 | =item Can't do inplace edit on %s: %s | |
750 | ||
751 | (S inplace) The creation of the new file failed for the indicated | |
752 | reason. | |
753 | ||
754 | =item Can't do inplace edit without backup | |
755 | ||
756 | (F) You're on a system such as MS-DOS that gets confused if you try | |
757 | reading from a deleted (but still opened) file. You have to say | |
758 | C<-i.bak>, or some such. | |
759 | ||
760 | =item Can't do inplace edit: %s would not be unique | |
761 | ||
762 | (S inplace) Your filesystem does not support filenames longer than 14 | |
763 | characters and Perl was unable to create a unique filename during | |
764 | inplace editing with the B<-i> switch. The file was ignored. | |
765 | ||
ab0b796c KW |
766 | =item Can't do %s("%s") on non-UTF-8 locale; resolved to "%s". |
767 | ||
768 | (W locale) You are 1) running under "C<use locale>"; 2) the current | |
769 | locale is not a UTF-8 one; 3) you tried to do the designated case-change | |
770 | operation on the specified Unicode character; and 4) the result of this | |
771 | operation would mix Unicode and locale rules, which likely conflict. | |
772 | Mixing of different rule types is forbidden, so the operation was not | |
773 | done; instead the result is the indicated value, which is the best | |
774 | available that uses entirely Unicode rules. That turns out to almost | |
775 | always be the original character, unchanged. | |
776 | ||
777 | It is generally a bad idea to mix non-UTF-8 locales and Unicode, and | |
778 | this issue is one of the reasons why. This warning is raised when | |
779 | Unicode rules would normally cause the result of this operation to | |
780 | contain a character that is in the range specified by the locale, | |
781 | 0..255, and hence is subject to the locale's rules, not Unicode's. | |
782 | ||
783 | If you are using locale purely for its characteristics related to things | |
784 | like its numeric and time formatting (and not C<LC_CTYPE>), consider | |
785 | using a restricted form of the locale pragma (see L<perllocale/The "use | |
786 | locale" pragma>) like "S<C<use locale ':not_characters'>>". | |
787 | ||
788 | Note that failed case-changing operations done as a result of | |
789 | case-insensitive C</i> regular expression matching will show up in this | |
790 | warning as having the C<fc> operation (as that is what the regular | |
791 | expression engine calls behind the scenes.) | |
792 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
793 | =item Can't do waitpid with flags |
794 | ||
be771a83 GS |
795 | (F) This machine doesn't have either waitpid() or wait4(), so only |
796 | waitpid() without flags is emulated. | |
a0d0e21e | 797 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
798 | =item Can't emulate -%s on #! line |
799 | ||
be771a83 GS |
800 | (F) The #! line specifies a switch that doesn't make sense at this |
801 | point. For example, it'd be kind of silly to put a B<-x> on the #! | |
802 | line. | |
a0d0e21e | 803 | |
1109a392 MHM |
804 | =item Can't %s %s-endian %ss on this platform |
805 | ||
806 | (F) Your platform's byte-order is neither big-endian nor little-endian, | |
807 | or it has a very strange pointer size. Packing and unpacking big- or | |
808 | little-endian floating point values and pointers may not be possible. | |
809 | See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
810 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
811 | =item Can't exec "%s": %s |
812 | ||
d1be9408 | 813 | (W exec) A system(), exec(), or piped open call could not execute the |
be771a83 GS |
814 | named program for the indicated reason. Typical reasons include: the |
815 | permissions were wrong on the file, the file wasn't found in | |
816 | C<$ENV{PATH}>, the executable in question was compiled for another | |
817 | architecture, or the #! line in a script points to an interpreter that | |
818 | can't be run for similar reasons. (Or maybe your system doesn't support | |
819 | #! at all.) | |
a0d0e21e LW |
820 | |
821 | =item Can't exec %s | |
822 | ||
be771a83 GS |
823 | (F) Perl was trying to execute the indicated program for you because |
824 | that's what the #! line said. If that's not what you wanted, you may | |
825 | need to mention "perl" on the #! line somewhere. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
826 | |
827 | =item Can't execute %s | |
828 | ||
be771a83 GS |
829 | (F) You used the B<-S> switch, but the copies of the script to execute |
830 | found in the PATH did not have correct permissions. | |
2a92aaa0 | 831 | |
6df41af2 | 832 | =item Can't find an opnumber for "%s" |
2a92aaa0 | 833 | |
be771a83 GS |
834 | (F) A string of a form C<CORE::word> was given to prototype(), but there |
835 | is no builtin with the name C<word>. | |
6df41af2 | 836 | |
56ca2fc0 JH |
837 | =item Can't find %s character property "%s" |
838 | ||
839 | (F) You used C<\p{}> or C<\P{}> but the character property by that name | |
6903afa2 | 840 | could not be found. Maybe you misspelled the name of the property? |
e1b711da | 841 | See L<perluniprops/Properties accessible through \p{} and \P{}> |
9b73678d | 842 | for a complete list of available official properties. |
56ca2fc0 | 843 | |
6df41af2 GS |
844 | =item Can't find label %s |
845 | ||
be771a83 GS |
846 | (F) You said to goto a label that isn't mentioned anywhere that it's |
847 | possible for us to go to. See L<perlfunc/goto>. | |
2a92aaa0 GS |
848 | |
849 | =item Can't find %s on PATH | |
850 | ||
be771a83 GS |
851 | (F) You used the B<-S> switch, but the script to execute could not be |
852 | found in the PATH. | |
a0d0e21e | 853 | |
6df41af2 | 854 | =item Can't find %s on PATH, '.' not in PATH |
a0d0e21e | 855 | |
be771a83 GS |
856 | (F) You used the B<-S> switch, but the script to execute could not be |
857 | found in the PATH, or at least not with the correct permissions. The | |
858 | script exists in the current directory, but PATH prohibits running it. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
859 | |
860 | =item Can't find string terminator %s anywhere before EOF | |
861 | ||
be771a83 GS |
862 | (F) Perl strings can stretch over multiple lines. This message means |
863 | that the closing delimiter was omitted. Because bracketed quotes count | |
864 | nesting levels, the following is missing its final parenthesis: | |
a0d0e21e | 865 | |
fb73857a | 866 | print q(The character '(' starts a side comment.); |
867 | ||
97b3d10f | 868 | If you're getting this error from a here-document, you may have |
b6b8cb97 FC |
869 | included unseen whitespace before or after your closing tag or there |
870 | may not be a linebreak after it. A good programmer's editor will have | |
871 | a way to help you find these characters (or lack of characters). See | |
872 | L<perlop> for the full details on here-documents. | |
a0d0e21e | 873 | |
660a4616 TS |
874 | =item Can't find Unicode property definition "%s" |
875 | ||
5f8ad6b6 FC |
876 | (F) You may have tried to use C<\p> which means a Unicode |
877 | property (for example C<\p{Lu}> matches all uppercase | |
fa816bf3 | 878 | letters). If you did mean to use a Unicode property, see |
e1b711da | 879 | L<perluniprops/Properties accessible through \p{} and \P{}> |
6903afa2 | 880 | for a complete list of available properties. If you didn't |
fa816bf3 FC |
881 | mean to use a Unicode property, escape the C<\p>, either by |
882 | C<\\p> (just the C<\p>) or by C<\Q\p> (the rest of the string, or | |
5f8ad6b6 | 883 | until C<\E>). |
660a4616 | 884 | |
b3647a36 | 885 | =item Can't fork: %s |
a0d0e21e | 886 | |
be771a83 GS |
887 | (F) A fatal error occurred while trying to fork while opening a |
888 | pipeline. | |
a0d0e21e | 889 | |
b3647a36 SR |
890 | =item Can't fork, trying again in 5 seconds |
891 | ||
c973c02e | 892 | (W pipe) A fork in a piped open failed with EAGAIN and will be retried |
b3647a36 SR |
893 | after five seconds. |
894 | ||
748a9306 LW |
895 | =item Can't get filespec - stale stat buffer? |
896 | ||
be771a83 GS |
897 | (S) A warning peculiar to VMS. This arises because of the difference |
898 | between access checks under VMS and under the Unix model Perl assumes. | |
899 | Under VMS, access checks are done by filename, rather than by bits in | |
900 | the stat buffer, so that ACLs and other protections can be taken into | |
901 | account. Unfortunately, Perl assumes that the stat buffer contains all | |
902 | the necessary information, and passes it, instead of the filespec, to | |
2fe2bdfd | 903 | the access-checking routine. It will try to retrieve the filespec using |
be771a83 GS |
904 | the device name and FID present in the stat buffer, but this works only |
905 | if you haven't made a subsequent call to the CRTL stat() routine, | |
906 | because the device name is overwritten with each call. If this warning | |
2fe2bdfd FC |
907 | appears, the name lookup failed, and the access-checking routine gave up |
908 | and returned FALSE, just to be conservative. (Note: The access-checking | |
be771a83 GS |
909 | routine knows about the Perl C<stat> operator and file tests, so you |
910 | shouldn't ever see this warning in response to a Perl command; it arises | |
911 | only if some internal code takes stat buffers lightly.) | |
748a9306 | 912 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
913 | =item Can't get pipe mailbox device name |
914 | ||
be771a83 GS |
915 | (P) An error peculiar to VMS. After creating a mailbox to act as a |
916 | pipe, Perl can't retrieve its name for later use. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
917 | |
918 | =item Can't get SYSGEN parameter value for MAXBUF | |
919 | ||
748a9306 LW |
920 | (P) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl asked $GETSYI how big you want your |
921 | mailbox buffers to be, and didn't get an answer. | |
a0d0e21e | 922 | |
6df41af2 | 923 | =item Can't "goto" into the middle of a foreach loop |
a0d0e21e | 924 | |
be771a83 GS |
925 | (F) A "goto" statement was executed to jump into the middle of a foreach |
926 | loop. You can't get there from here. See L<perlfunc/goto>. | |
6df41af2 GS |
927 | |
928 | =item Can't "goto" out of a pseudo block | |
929 | ||
be771a83 GS |
930 | (F) A "goto" statement was executed to jump out of what might look like |
931 | a block, except that it isn't a proper block. This usually occurs if | |
932 | you tried to jump out of a sort() block or subroutine, which is a no-no. | |
933 | See L<perlfunc/goto>. | |
a0d0e21e | 934 | |
5a25739d FC |
935 | =item Can't goto subroutine from an eval-%s |
936 | ||
937 | (F) The "goto subroutine" call can't be used to jump out of an eval | |
938 | "string" or block. | |
939 | ||
9850bf21 | 940 | =item Can't goto subroutine from a sort sub (or similar callback) |
cd299c6e | 941 | |
9850bf21 RH |
942 | (F) The "goto subroutine" call can't be used to jump out of the |
943 | comparison sub for a sort(), or from a similar callback (such | |
944 | as the reduce() function in List::Util). | |
945 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
946 | =item Can't goto subroutine outside a subroutine |
947 | ||
be771a83 GS |
948 | (F) The deeply magical "goto subroutine" call can only replace one |
949 | subroutine call for another. It can't manufacture one out of whole | |
950 | cloth. In general you should be calling it out of only an AUTOLOAD | |
951 | routine anyway. See L<perlfunc/goto>. | |
6df41af2 | 952 | |
0b5b802d GS |
953 | =item Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default |
954 | ||
be771a83 GS |
955 | (W signal) Perl has detected that it is being run with the SIGCHLD |
956 | signal (sometimes known as SIGCLD) disabled. Since disabling this | |
957 | signal will interfere with proper determination of exit status of child | |
958 | processes, Perl has reset the signal to its default value. This | |
959 | situation typically indicates that the parent program under which Perl | |
960 | may be running (e.g. cron) is being very careless. | |
0b5b802d | 961 | |
e2c0f81f DG |
962 | =item Can't kill a non-numeric process ID |
963 | ||
964 | (F) Process identifiers must be (signed) integers. It is a fatal error to | |
965 | attempt to kill() an undefined, empty-string or otherwise non-numeric | |
966 | process identifier. | |
967 | ||
6df41af2 | 968 | =item Can't "last" outside a loop block |
4633a7c4 | 969 | |
6df41af2 | 970 | (F) A "last" statement was executed to break out of the current block, |
be771a83 GS |
971 | except that there's this itty bitty problem called there isn't a current |
972 | block. Note that an "if" or "else" block doesn't count as a "loopish" | |
973 | block, as doesn't a block given to sort(), map() or grep(). You can | |
974 | usually double the curlies to get the same effect though, because the | |
975 | inner curlies will be considered a block that loops once. See | |
976 | L<perlfunc/last>. | |
4633a7c4 | 977 | |
2c7d6b9c RGS |
978 | =item Can't linearize anonymous symbol table |
979 | ||
980 | (F) Perl tried to calculate the method resolution order (MRO) of a | |
981 | package, but failed because the package stash has no name. | |
982 | ||
b8170e59 JB |
983 | =item Can't load '%s' for module %s |
984 | ||
6903afa2 FC |
985 | (F) The module you tried to load failed to load a dynamic extension. |
986 | This may either mean that you upgraded your version of perl to one | |
987 | that is incompatible with your old dynamic extensions (which is known | |
988 | to happen between major versions of perl), or (more likely) that your | |
989 | dynamic extension was built against an older version of the library | |
990 | that is installed on your system. You may need to rebuild your old | |
991 | dynamic extensions. | |
b8170e59 | 992 | |
748a9306 LW |
993 | =item Can't localize lexical variable %s |
994 | ||
2ba9eb46 | 995 | (F) You used local on a variable name that was previously declared as a |
b7e4ecc1 FC |
996 | lexical variable using "my" or "state". This is not allowed. If you |
997 | want to localize a package variable of the same name, qualify it with | |
998 | the package name. | |
748a9306 | 999 | |
6df41af2 | 1000 | =item Can't localize through a reference |
4727527e | 1001 | |
6df41af2 GS |
1002 | (F) You said something like C<local $$ref>, which Perl can't currently |
1003 | handle, because when it goes to restore the old value of whatever $ref | |
be771a83 | 1004 | pointed to after the scope of the local() is finished, it can't be sure |
64977eb6 | 1005 | that $ref will still be a reference. |
4727527e | 1006 | |
ea071790 | 1007 | =item Can't locate %s |
ec889f3a | 1008 | |
fa816bf3 FC |
1009 | (F) You said to C<do> (or C<require>, or C<use>) a file that couldn't be found. |
1010 | Perl looks for the file in all the locations mentioned in @INC, unless | |
1011 | the file name included the full path to the file. Perhaps you need | |
1012 | to set the PERL5LIB or PERL5OPT environment variable to say where the | |
1013 | extra library is, or maybe the script needs to add the library name | |
be771a83 GS |
1014 | to @INC. Or maybe you just misspelled the name of the file. See |
1015 | L<perlfunc/require> and L<lib>. | |
a0d0e21e | 1016 | |
6df41af2 GS |
1017 | =item Can't locate auto/%s.al in @INC |
1018 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1019 | (F) A function (or method) was called in a package which allows |
1020 | autoload, but there is no function to autoload. Most probable causes | |
1021 | are a misprint in a function/method name or a failure to C<AutoSplit> | |
1022 | the file, say, by doing C<make install>. | |
6df41af2 | 1023 | |
b8170e59 JB |
1024 | =item Can't locate loadable object for module %s in @INC |
1025 | ||
1026 | (F) The module you loaded is trying to load an external library, like | |
d70d8e57 | 1027 | for example, F<foo.so> or F<bar.dll>, but the L<DynaLoader> module was |
b8170e59 JB |
1028 | unable to locate this library. See L<DynaLoader>. |
1029 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
1030 | =item Can't locate object method "%s" via package "%s" |
1031 | ||
1032 | (F) You called a method correctly, and it correctly indicated a package | |
1033 | functioning as a class, but that package doesn't define that particular | |
2ba9eb46 | 1034 | method, nor does any of its base classes. See L<perlobj>. |
a0d0e21e | 1035 | |
8af56b9d FC |
1036 | =item Can't locate object method "%s" via package "%s" (perhaps you forgot |
1037 | to load "%s"?) | |
1038 | ||
1039 | (F) You called a method on a class that did not exist, and the method | |
1040 | could not be found in UNIVERSAL. This often means that a method | |
1041 | requires a package that has not been loaded. | |
1042 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
1043 | =item Can't locate package %s for @%s::ISA |
1044 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1045 | (W syntax) The @ISA array contained the name of another package that |
1046 | doesn't seem to exist. | |
a0d0e21e | 1047 | |
2f7da168 RK |
1048 | =item Can't locate PerlIO%s |
1049 | ||
1050 | (F) You tried to use in open() a PerlIO layer that does not exist, | |
1051 | e.g. open(FH, ">:nosuchlayer", "somefile"). | |
1052 | ||
f4ad53f4 | 1053 | =item Can't make list assignment to %ENV on this system |
3e3baf6d | 1054 | |
be771a83 GS |
1055 | (F) List assignment to %ENV is not supported on some systems, notably |
1056 | VMS. | |
3e3baf6d | 1057 | |
cd40cd58 NC |
1058 | =item Can't make loaded symbols global on this platform while loading %s |
1059 | ||
ff9c1ae8 | 1060 | (S) A module passed the flag 0x01 to DynaLoader::dl_load_file() to request |
cd40cd58 NC |
1061 | that symbols from the stated file are made available globally within the |
1062 | process, but that functionality is not available on this platform. Whilst | |
1063 | the module likely will still work, this may prevent the perl interpreter | |
1064 | from loading other XS-based extensions which need to link directly to | |
1065 | functions defined in the C or XS code in the stated file. | |
1066 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
1067 | =item Can't modify %s in %s |
1068 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1069 | (F) You aren't allowed to assign to the item indicated, or otherwise try |
1070 | to change it, such as with an auto-increment. | |
a0d0e21e | 1071 | |
54310121 | 1072 | =item Can't modify nonexistent substring |
a0d0e21e LW |
1073 | |
1074 | (P) The internal routine that does assignment to a substr() was handed | |
1075 | a NULL. | |
1076 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
1077 | =item Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call |
1078 | ||
1079 | (F) Subroutines meant to be used in lvalue context should be declared as | |
2fe2bdfd | 1080 | such. See L<perlsub/"Lvalue subroutines">. |
6df41af2 | 1081 | |
cf6e1fa1 FC |
1082 | =item Can't modify reference to %s in %s assignment |
1083 | ||
1084 | (F) Only a limited number of constructs can be used as the argument to a | |
1085 | reference constructor on the left-hand side of an assignment, and what | |
1086 | you used was not one of them. See L<perlref/Assigning to References>. | |
1087 | ||
1088 | =item Can't modify reference to localized parenthesized array in list | |
1089 | assignment | |
1090 | ||
1091 | (F) Assigning to C<\local(@array)> or C<\(local @array)> is not supported, as | |
1092 | it is not clear exactly what it should do. If you meant to make @array | |
1093 | refer to some other array, use C<\@array = \@other_array>. If you want to | |
1094 | make the elements of @array aliases of the scalars referenced on the | |
1095 | right-hand side, use C<\(@array) = @scalar_refs>. | |
1096 | ||
1097 | =item Can't modify reference to parenthesized hash in list assignment | |
1098 | ||
1099 | (F) Assigning to C<\(%hash)> is not supported. If you meant to make %hash | |
1100 | refer to some other hash, use C<\%hash = \%other_hash>. If you want to | |
1101 | make the elements of %hash into aliases of the scalars referenced on the | |
1102 | right-hand side, use a hash slice: C<\@hash{@keys} = @those_scalar_refs>. | |
1103 | ||
5f05dabc | 1104 | =item Can't msgrcv to read-only var |
a0d0e21e | 1105 | |
5f05dabc | 1106 | (F) The target of a msgrcv must be modifiable to be used as a receive |
a0d0e21e LW |
1107 | buffer. |
1108 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
1109 | =item Can't "next" outside a loop block |
1110 | ||
1111 | (F) A "next" statement was executed to reiterate the current block, but | |
1112 | there isn't a current block. Note that an "if" or "else" block doesn't | |
be771a83 GS |
1113 | count as a "loopish" block, as doesn't a block given to sort(), map() or |
1114 | grep(). You can usually double the curlies to get the same effect | |
1115 | though, because the inner curlies will be considered a block that loops | |
1116 | once. See L<perlfunc/next>. | |
6df41af2 | 1117 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
1118 | =item Can't open %s: %s |
1119 | ||
c47ff5f1 | 1120 | (S inplace) The implicit opening of a file through use of the C<< <> >> |
08e9d68e | 1121 | filehandle, either implicitly under the C<-n> or C<-p> command-line |
46fa9b26 FC |
1122 | switches, or explicitly, failed for the indicated reason. Usually |
1123 | this is because you don't have read permission for a file which | |
1124 | you named on the command line. | |
1125 | ||
1126 | (F) You tried to call perl with the B<-e> switch, but F</dev/null> (or | |
1127 | your operating system's equivalent) could not be opened. | |
a0d0e21e | 1128 | |
9a869a14 RGS |
1129 | =item Can't open a reference |
1130 | ||
1131 | (W io) You tried to open a scalar reference for reading or writing, | |
2fe2bdfd | 1132 | using the 3-arg open() syntax: |
9a869a14 RGS |
1133 | |
1134 | open FH, '>', $ref; | |
1135 | ||
1136 | but your version of perl is compiled without perlio, and this form of | |
1137 | open is not supported. | |
1138 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
1139 | =item Can't open bidirectional pipe |
1140 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1141 | (W pipe) You tried to say C<open(CMD, "|cmd|")>, which is not supported. |
1142 | You can try any of several modules in the Perl library to do this, such | |
1143 | as IPC::Open2. Alternately, direct the pipe's output to a file using | |
1144 | ">", and then read it in under a different file handle. | |
a0d0e21e | 1145 | |
748a9306 LW |
1146 | =item Can't open error file %s as stderr |
1147 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1148 | (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl does its own command line |
1149 | redirection, and couldn't open the file specified after '2>' or '2>>' on | |
1150 | the command line for writing. | |
748a9306 LW |
1151 | |
1152 | =item Can't open input file %s as stdin | |
1153 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1154 | (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl does its own command line |
1155 | redirection, and couldn't open the file specified after '<' on the | |
1156 | command line for reading. | |
748a9306 LW |
1157 | |
1158 | =item Can't open output file %s as stdout | |
1159 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1160 | (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl does its own command line |
1161 | redirection, and couldn't open the file specified after '>' or '>>' on | |
1162 | the command line for writing. | |
748a9306 LW |
1163 | |
1164 | =item Can't open output pipe (name: %s) | |
1165 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1166 | (P) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl does its own command line |
1167 | redirection, and couldn't open the pipe into which to send data destined | |
1168 | for stdout. | |
748a9306 | 1169 | |
3b1cf97d | 1170 | =item Can't open perl script "%s": %s |
a0d0e21e LW |
1171 | |
1172 | (F) The script you specified can't be opened for the indicated reason. | |
1173 | ||
fa3aa65a JC |
1174 | If you're debugging a script that uses #!, and normally relies on the |
1175 | shell's $PATH search, the -S option causes perl to do that search, so | |
1176 | you don't have to type the path or C<`which $scriptname`>. | |
1177 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
1178 | =item Can't read CRTL environ |
1179 | ||
1180 | (S) A warning peculiar to VMS. Perl tried to read an element of %ENV | |
1181 | from the CRTL's internal environment array and discovered the array was | |
1182 | missing. You need to figure out where your CRTL misplaced its environ | |
be771a83 GS |
1183 | or define F<PERL_ENV_TABLES> (see L<perlvms>) so that environ is not |
1184 | searched. | |
6df41af2 | 1185 | |
6df41af2 GS |
1186 | =item Can't "redo" outside a loop block |
1187 | ||
1188 | (F) A "redo" statement was executed to restart the current block, but | |
1189 | there isn't a current block. Note that an "if" or "else" block doesn't | |
1190 | count as a "loopish" block, as doesn't a block given to sort(), map() | |
1191 | or grep(). You can usually double the curlies to get the same effect | |
1192 | though, because the inner curlies will be considered a block that | |
1193 | loops once. See L<perlfunc/redo>. | |
1194 | ||
64977eb6 | 1195 | =item Can't remove %s: %s, skipping file |
10f9c03d | 1196 | |
be771a83 GS |
1197 | (S inplace) You requested an inplace edit without creating a backup |
1198 | file. Perl was unable to remove the original file to replace it with | |
1199 | the modified file. The file was left unmodified. | |
10f9c03d | 1200 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
1201 | =item Can't rename %s to %s: %s, skipping file |
1202 | ||
e476b1b5 | 1203 | (S inplace) The rename done by the B<-i> switch failed for some reason, |
10f9c03d | 1204 | probably because you don't have write permission to the directory. |
a0d0e21e | 1205 | |
748a9306 LW |
1206 | =item Can't reopen input pipe (name: %s) in binary mode |
1207 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1208 | (P) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl thought stdin was a pipe, and tried |
1209 | to reopen it to accept binary data. Alas, it failed. | |
748a9306 | 1210 | |
9415f659 KW |
1211 | =item Can't represent character for Ox%X on this platform |
1212 | ||
1213 | (F) There is a hard limit to how big a character code point can be due | |
1214 | to the fundamental properties of UTF-8, especially on EBCDIC | |
1215 | platforms. The given code point exceeds that. The only work-around is | |
1216 | to not use such a large code point. | |
1217 | ||
4f12ec0e FC |
1218 | =item Can't reset %ENV on this system |
1219 | ||
1220 | (F) You called C<reset('E')> or similar, which tried to reset | |
1221 | all variables in the current package beginning with "E". In | |
1222 | the main package, that includes %ENV. Resetting %ENV is not | |
1223 | supported on some systems, notably VMS. | |
1224 | ||
fe13d51d | 1225 | =item Can't resolve method "%s" overloading "%s" in package "%s" |
6df41af2 | 1226 | |
1fa582fa FC |
1227 | (F)(P) Error resolving overloading specified by a method name (as |
1228 | opposed to a subroutine reference): no such method callable via the | |
1229 | package. If the method name is C<???>, this is an internal error. | |
6df41af2 | 1230 | |
cd06dffe GS |
1231 | =item Can't return %s from lvalue subroutine |
1232 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1233 | (F) Perl detected an attempt to return illegal lvalues (such as |
1234 | temporary or readonly values) from a subroutine used as an lvalue. This | |
1235 | is not allowed. | |
cd06dffe | 1236 | |
96ebfdd7 RK |
1237 | =item Can't return outside a subroutine |
1238 | ||
1239 | (F) The return statement was executed in mainline code, that is, where | |
1240 | there was no subroutine call to return out of. See L<perlsub>. | |
1241 | ||
78f9721b SM |
1242 | =item Can't return %s to lvalue scalar context |
1243 | ||
6903afa2 FC |
1244 | (F) You tried to return a complete array or hash from an lvalue |
1245 | subroutine, but you called the subroutine in a way that made Perl | |
1246 | think you meant to return only one value. You probably meant to | |
1247 | write parentheses around the call to the subroutine, which tell | |
1248 | Perl that the call should be in list context. | |
78f9721b | 1249 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
1250 | =item Can't stat script "%s" |
1251 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1252 | (P) For some reason you can't fstat() the script even though you have it |
1253 | open already. Bizarre. | |
a0d0e21e | 1254 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
1255 | =item Can't take log of %g |
1256 | ||
fb73857a | 1257 | (F) For ordinary real numbers, you can't take the logarithm of a |
6903afa2 | 1258 | negative number or zero. There's a Math::Complex package that comes |
be771a83 GS |
1259 | standard with Perl, though, if you really want to do that for the |
1260 | negative numbers. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
1261 | |
1262 | =item Can't take sqrt of %g | |
1263 | ||
1264 | (F) For ordinary real numbers, you can't take the square root of a | |
fb73857a | 1265 | negative number. There's a Math::Complex package that comes standard |
1266 | with Perl, though, if you really want to do that. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
1267 | |
1268 | =item Can't undef active subroutine | |
1269 | ||
1270 | (F) You can't undefine a routine that's currently running. You can, | |
1271 | however, redefine it while it's running, and you can even undef the | |
1272 | redefined subroutine while the old routine is running. Go figure. | |
1273 | ||
c81225bc | 1274 | =item Can't upgrade %s (%d) to %d |
a0d0e21e | 1275 | |
be771a83 GS |
1276 | (P) The internal sv_upgrade routine adds "members" to an SV, making it |
1277 | into a more specialized kind of SV. The top several SV types are so | |
1278 | specialized, however, that they cannot be interconverted. This message | |
1279 | indicates that such a conversion was attempted. | |
a0d0e21e | 1280 | |
6651ba0b FC |
1281 | =item Can't use '%c' after -mname |
1282 | ||
1283 | (F) You tried to call perl with the B<-m> switch, but you put something | |
1284 | other than "=" after the module name. | |
1285 | ||
1f1ec7b5 KW |
1286 | =item Can't use a hash as a reference |
1287 | ||
1288 | (F) You tried to use a hash as a reference, as in | |
66a1f5ec FC |
1289 | C<< %foo->{"bar"} >> or C<< %$ref->{"hello"} >>. Versions of perl |
1290 | <= 5.22.0 used to allow this syntax, but shouldn't | |
1291 | have. This was deprecated in perl 5.6.1. | |
1f1ec7b5 KW |
1292 | |
1293 | =item Can't use an array as a reference | |
1294 | ||
1295 | (F) You tried to use an array as a reference, as in | |
66a1f5ec FC |
1296 | C<< @foo->[23] >> or C<< @$ref->[99] >>. Versions of perl <= 5.22.0 |
1297 | used to allow this syntax, but shouldn't have. This | |
1298 | was deprecated in perl 5.6.1. | |
1f1ec7b5 | 1299 | |
1db89ea5 BS |
1300 | =item Can't use anonymous symbol table for method lookup |
1301 | ||
e27ad1f2 | 1302 | (F) The internal routine that does method lookup was handed a symbol |
1db89ea5 BS |
1303 | table that doesn't have a name. Symbol tables can become anonymous |
1304 | for example by undefining stashes: C<undef %Some::Package::>. | |
1305 | ||
96ebfdd7 RK |
1306 | =item Can't use an undefined value as %s reference |
1307 | ||
1308 | (F) A value used as either a hard reference or a symbolic reference must | |
1309 | be a defined value. This helps to delurk some insidious errors. | |
1310 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
1311 | =item Can't use bareword ("%s") as %s ref while "strict refs" in use |
1312 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1313 | (F) Only hard references are allowed by "strict refs". Symbolic |
1314 | references are disallowed. See L<perlref>. | |
6df41af2 | 1315 | |
90b75b61 | 1316 | =item Can't use %! because Errno.pm is not available |
1d2dff63 | 1317 | |
20561843 | 1318 | (F) The first time the C<%!> hash is used, perl automatically loads the |
6903afa2 | 1319 | Errno.pm module. The Errno module is expected to tie the %! hash to |
1d2dff63 GS |
1320 | provide symbolic names for C<$!> errno values. |
1321 | ||
1109a392 MHM |
1322 | =item Can't use both '<' and '>' after type '%c' in %s |
1323 | ||
1324 | (F) A type cannot be forced to have both big-endian and little-endian | |
1325 | byte-order at the same time, so this combination of modifiers is not | |
1326 | allowed. See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
1327 | ||
e35475de KW |
1328 | =item Can't use 'defined(@array)' (Maybe you should just omit the defined()?) |
1329 | ||
1330 | (F) defined() is not useful on arrays because it | |
1331 | checks for an undefined I<scalar> value. If you want to see if the | |
1332 | array is empty, just use C<if (@array) { # not empty }> for example. | |
1333 | ||
1334 | =item Can't use 'defined(%hash)' (Maybe you should just omit the defined()?) | |
1335 | ||
1336 | (F) C<defined()> is not usually right on hashes. | |
1337 | ||
1338 | Although C<defined %hash> is false on a plain not-yet-used hash, it | |
1339 | becomes true in several non-obvious circumstances, including iterators, | |
1340 | weak references, stash names, even remaining true after C<undef %hash>. | |
1341 | These things make C<defined %hash> fairly useless in practice, so it now | |
1342 | generates a fatal error. | |
1343 | ||
1344 | If a check for non-empty is what you wanted then just put it in boolean | |
1345 | context (see L<perldata/Scalar values>): | |
1346 | ||
1347 | if (%hash) { | |
1348 | # not empty | |
1349 | } | |
1350 | ||
1351 | If you had C<defined %Foo::Bar::QUUX> to check whether such a package | |
1352 | variable exists then that's never really been reliable, and isn't | |
1353 | a good way to enquire about the features of a package, or whether | |
1354 | it's loaded, etc. | |
1355 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
1356 | =item Can't use %s for loop variable |
1357 | ||
c1f06047 | 1358 | (P) The parser got confused when trying to parse a C<foreach> loop. |
6df41af2 | 1359 | |
aab6a793 | 1360 | =item Can't use global %s in "%s" |
6df41af2 | 1361 | |
be771a83 GS |
1362 | (F) You tried to declare a magical variable as a lexical variable. This |
1363 | is not allowed, because the magic can be tied to only one location | |
1364 | (namely the global variable) and it would be incredibly confusing to | |
1365 | have variables in your program that looked like magical variables but | |
6df41af2 GS |
1366 | weren't. |
1367 | ||
6d3b25aa RGS |
1368 | =item Can't use '%c' in a group with different byte-order in %s |
1369 | ||
1370 | (F) You attempted to force a different byte-order on a type | |
1371 | that is already inside a group with a byte-order modifier. | |
1372 | For example you cannot force little-endianness on a type that | |
1373 | is inside a big-endian group. | |
1374 | ||
c07a80fd | 1375 | =item Can't use "my %s" in sort comparison |
1376 | ||
1377 | (F) The global variables $a and $b are reserved for sort comparisons. | |
c47ff5f1 | 1378 | You mentioned $a or $b in the same line as the <=> or cmp operator, |
c07a80fd | 1379 | and the variable had earlier been declared as a lexical variable. |
1380 | Either qualify the sort variable with the package name, or rename the | |
1381 | lexical variable. | |
1382 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
1383 | =item Can't use %s ref as %s ref |
1384 | ||
1385 | (F) You've mixed up your reference types. You have to dereference a | |
1386 | reference of the type needed. You can use the ref() function to | |
1387 | test the type of the reference, if need be. | |
1388 | ||
748a9306 | 1389 | =item Can't use string ("%s") as %s ref while "strict refs" in use |
a0d0e21e | 1390 | |
5e634d20 FC |
1391 | =item Can't use string ("%s"...) as %s ref while "strict refs" in use |
1392 | ||
b41bf23f FC |
1393 | (F) You've told Perl to dereference a string, something which |
1394 | C<use strict> blocks to prevent it happening accidentally. See | |
1395 | L<perlref/"Symbolic references">. This can be triggered by an C<@> or C<$> | |
1396 | in a double-quoted string immediately before interpolating a variable, | |
1397 | for example in C<"user @$twitter_id">, which says to treat the contents | |
1398 | of C<$twitter_id> as an array reference; use a C<\> to have a literal C<@> | |
1399 | symbol followed by the contents of C<$twitter_id>: C<"user \@$twitter_id">. | |
a0d0e21e | 1400 | |
748a9306 LW |
1401 | =item Can't use subscript on %s |
1402 | ||
1403 | (F) The compiler tried to interpret a bracketed expression as a | |
1404 | subscript. But to the left of the brackets was an expression that | |
209e7cf1 | 1405 | didn't look like a hash or array reference, or anything else subscriptable. |
748a9306 | 1406 | |
6df41af2 GS |
1407 | =item Can't use \%c to mean $%c in expression |
1408 | ||
75b44862 GS |
1409 | (W syntax) In an ordinary expression, backslash is a unary operator that |
1410 | creates a reference to its argument. The use of backslash to indicate a | |
1411 | backreference to a matched substring is valid only as part of a regular | |
be771a83 GS |
1412 | expression pattern. Trying to do this in ordinary Perl code produces a |
1413 | value that prints out looking like SCALAR(0xdecaf). Use the $1 form | |
1414 | instead. | |
6df41af2 | 1415 | |
810b8aa5 GS |
1416 | =item Can't weaken a nonreference |
1417 | ||
1418 | (F) You attempted to weaken something that was not a reference. Only | |
1419 | references can be weakened. | |
1420 | ||
fc7debfb FC |
1421 | =item Can't "when" outside a topicalizer |
1422 | ||
1423 | (F) You have used a when() block that is neither inside a C<foreach> | |
1424 | loop nor a C<given> block. (Note that this error is issued on exit | |
1425 | from the C<when> block, so you won't get the error if the match fails, | |
1426 | or if you use an explicit C<continue>.) | |
1427 | ||
5f05dabc | 1428 | =item Can't x= to read-only value |
a0d0e21e | 1429 | |
be771a83 GS |
1430 | (F) You tried to repeat a constant value (often the undefined value) |
1431 | with an assignment operator, which implies modifying the value itself. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
1432 | Perhaps you need to copy the value to a temporary, and repeat that. |
1433 | ||
a04e6aad | 1434 | =item Character following "\c" must be printable ASCII |
f9d13529 | 1435 | |
7357bd17 | 1436 | (F) In C<\cI<X>>, I<X> must be a printable (non-control) ASCII character. |
17a3df4c | 1437 | |
727b6379 | 1438 | Note that ASCII characters that don't map to control characters are |
7357bd17 | 1439 | discouraged, and will generate the warning (when enabled) |
727b6379 | 1440 | L</""\c%c" is more clearly written simply as "%s"">. |
f9d13529 | 1441 | |
f337b084 | 1442 | =item Character in 'C' format wrapped in pack |
ac7cd81a SC |
1443 | |
1444 | (W pack) You said | |
1445 | ||
1446 | pack("C", $x) | |
1447 | ||
1448 | where $x is either less than 0 or more than 255; the C<"C"> format is | |
1449 | only for encoding native operating system characters (ASCII, EBCDIC, | |
1450 | and so on) and not for Unicode characters, so Perl behaved as if you meant | |
1451 | ||
1452 | pack("C", $x & 255) | |
1453 | ||
1454 | If you actually want to pack Unicode codepoints, use the C<"U"> format | |
1455 | instead. | |
1456 | ||
f337b084 | 1457 | =item Character in 'c' format wrapped in pack |
ac7cd81a SC |
1458 | |
1459 | (W pack) You said | |
1460 | ||
1461 | pack("c", $x) | |
1462 | ||
1463 | where $x is either less than -128 or more than 127; the C<"c"> format | |
1464 | is only for encoding native operating system characters (ASCII, EBCDIC, | |
1465 | and so on) and not for Unicode characters, so Perl behaved as if you meant | |
1466 | ||
1467 | pack("c", $x & 255); | |
1468 | ||
1469 | If you actually want to pack Unicode codepoints, use the C<"U"> format | |
1470 | instead. | |
1471 | ||
f337b084 TH |
1472 | =item Character in '%c' format wrapped in unpack |
1473 | ||
1474 | (W unpack) You tried something like | |
1475 | ||
1476 | unpack("H", "\x{2a1}") | |
1477 | ||
1a147d38 | 1478 | where the format expects to process a byte (a character with a value |
6903afa2 FC |
1479 | below 256), but a higher value was provided instead. Perl uses the |
1480 | value modulus 256 instead, as if you had provided: | |
f337b084 TH |
1481 | |
1482 | unpack("H", "\x{a1}") | |
1483 | ||
5a25739d FC |
1484 | =item Character in 'W' format wrapped in pack |
1485 | ||
1486 | (W pack) You said | |
1487 | ||
1488 | pack("U0W", $x) | |
1489 | ||
1490 | where $x is either less than 0 or more than 255. However, C<U0>-mode | |
1491 | expects all values to fall in the interval [0, 255], so Perl behaved | |
1492 | as if you meant: | |
1493 | ||
1494 | pack("U0W", $x & 255) | |
1495 | ||
f337b084 TH |
1496 | =item Character(s) in '%c' format wrapped in pack |
1497 | ||
1498 | (W pack) You tried something like | |
1499 | ||
1500 | pack("u", "\x{1f3}b") | |
1501 | ||
1a147d38 | 1502 | where the format expects to process a sequence of bytes (character with a |
6903afa2 | 1503 | value below 256), but some of the characters had a higher value. Perl |
f337b084 TH |
1504 | uses the character values modulus 256 instead, as if you had provided: |
1505 | ||
1506 | pack("u", "\x{f3}b") | |
1507 | ||
1508 | =item Character(s) in '%c' format wrapped in unpack | |
1509 | ||
1510 | (W unpack) You tried something like | |
1511 | ||
1512 | unpack("s", "\x{1f3}b") | |
1513 | ||
1a147d38 | 1514 | where the format expects to process a sequence of bytes (character with a |
6903afa2 | 1515 | value below 256), but some of the characters had a higher value. Perl |
f337b084 TH |
1516 | uses the character values modulus 256 instead, as if you had provided: |
1517 | ||
1518 | unpack("s", "\x{f3}b") | |
1519 | ||
f51551f7 FC |
1520 | =item charnames alias definitions may not contain a sequence of multiple spaces |
1521 | ||
1522 | (F) You defined a character name which had multiple space characters | |
1523 | in a row. Change them to single spaces. Usually these names are | |
1524 | defined in the C<:alias> import argument to C<use charnames>, but they | |
1525 | could be defined by a translator installed into C<$^H{charnames}>. See | |
1526 | L<charnames/CUSTOM ALIASES>. | |
1527 | ||
1528 | =item charnames alias definitions may not contain trailing white-space | |
1529 | ||
1530 | (F) You defined a character name which ended in a space | |
1531 | character. Remove the trailing space(s). Usually these names are | |
1532 | defined in the C<:alias> import argument to C<use charnames>, but they | |
1533 | could be defined by a translator installed into C<$^H{charnames}>. | |
1534 | See L<charnames/CUSTOM ALIASES>. | |
1535 | ||
1536 | =item \C is deprecated in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ | |
1537 | ||
1538 | (D deprecated, regexp) The \C character class is deprecated, and will | |
1539 | become a compile-time error in a future release of perl (tentatively | |
3617dbb6 FC |
1540 | v5.24). This construct allows you to match a single byte of what makes |
1541 | up a multi-byte single UTF8 character, and breaks encapsulation. It is | |
1542 | currently also very buggy. If you really need to process the individual | |
f51551f7 FC |
1543 | bytes, you probably want to convert your string to one where each |
1544 | underlying byte is stored as a character, with utf8::encode(). | |
1545 | ||
f866a7cd FC |
1546 | =item "\c%c" is more clearly written simply as "%s" |
1547 | ||
1548 | (W syntax) The C<\cI<X>> construct is intended to be a way to specify | |
7ed0dd93 FC |
1549 | non-printable characters. You used it for a printable one, which |
1550 | is better written as simply itself, perhaps preceded by a backslash | |
1551 | for non-word characters. Doing it the way you did is not portable | |
1552 | between ASCII and EBCDIC platforms. | |
f866a7cd | 1553 | |
6651ba0b FC |
1554 | =item Cloning substitution context is unimplemented |
1555 | ||
1556 | (F) Creating a new thread inside the C<s///> operator is not supported. | |
1557 | ||
abc7ecad SP |
1558 | =item closedir() attempted on invalid dirhandle %s |
1559 | ||
1560 | (W io) The dirhandle you tried to close is either closed or not really | |
1561 | a dirhandle. Check your control flow. | |
1562 | ||
5a25739d FC |
1563 | =item close() on unopened filehandle %s |
1564 | ||
1565 | (W unopened) You tried to close a filehandle that was never opened. | |
1566 | ||
541ed3a9 FC |
1567 | =item Closure prototype called |
1568 | ||
1569 | (F) If a closure has attributes, the subroutine passed to an attribute | |
1570 | handler is the prototype that is cloned when a new closure is created. | |
1571 | This subroutine cannot be called. | |
1572 | ||
49704364 WL |
1573 | =item Code missing after '/' |
1574 | ||
6903afa2 FC |
1575 | (F) You had a (sub-)template that ends with a '/'. There must be |
1576 | another template code following the slash. See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
49704364 | 1577 | |
5a25739d FC |
1578 | =item Code point 0x%X is not Unicode, may not be portable |
1579 | ||
2d88a86a | 1580 | (S non_unicode) You had a code point above the Unicode maximum |
1b64326b FC |
1581 | of U+10FFFF. |
1582 | ||
1583 | Perl allows strings to contain a superset of Unicode code points, up | |
1584 | to the limit of what is storable in an unsigned integer on your system, | |
1585 | but these may not be accepted by other languages/systems. At one time, | |
1586 | it was legal in some standards to have code points up to 0x7FFF_FFFF, | |
1587 | but not higher. Code points above 0xFFFF_FFFF require larger than a | |
1588 | 32 bit word. | |
0876b9a0 | 1589 | |
6df41af2 GS |
1590 | =item %s: Command not found |
1591 | ||
a892b81a | 1592 | (A) You've accidentally run your script through B<csh> or another shell |
66a1f5ec FC |
1593 | instead of Perl. Check the #! line, or manually feed your script into |
1594 | Perl yourself. The #! line at the top of your file could look like | |
8f721816 MM |
1595 | |
1596 | #!/usr/bin/perl -w | |
6df41af2 | 1597 | |
7a2e2cd6 | 1598 | =item Compilation failed in require |
1599 | ||
1600 | (F) Perl could not compile a file specified in a C<require> statement. | |
be771a83 GS |
1601 | Perl uses this generic message when none of the errors that it |
1602 | encountered were severe enough to halt compilation immediately. | |
7a2e2cd6 | 1603 | |
c3464db5 DD |
1604 | =item Complex regular subexpression recursion limit (%d) exceeded |
1605 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1606 | (W regexp) The regular expression engine uses recursion in complex |
1607 | situations where back-tracking is required. Recursion depth is limited | |
1608 | to 32766, or perhaps less in architectures where the stack cannot grow | |
1609 | arbitrarily. ("Simple" and "medium" situations are handled without | |
1610 | recursion and are not subject to a limit.) Try shortening the string | |
1611 | under examination; looping in Perl code (e.g. with C<while>) rather than | |
1612 | in the regular expression engine; or rewriting the regular expression so | |
c2e66d9e | 1613 | that it is simpler or backtracks less. (See L<perlfaq2> for information |
be771a83 | 1614 | on I<Mastering Regular Expressions>.) |
c3464db5 | 1615 | |
69282e91 | 1616 | =item connect() on closed socket %s |
a0d0e21e | 1617 | |
be771a83 GS |
1618 | (W closed) You tried to do a connect on a closed socket. Did you forget |
1619 | to check the return value of your socket() call? See | |
1620 | L<perlfunc/connect>. | |
a0d0e21e | 1621 | |
e21e7c6a FC |
1622 | =item Constant(%s): Call to &{$^H{%s}} did not return a defined value |
1623 | ||
1624 | (F) The subroutine registered to handle constant overloading | |
1625 | (see L<overload>) or a custom charnames handler (see | |
1626 | L<charnames/CUSTOM TRANSLATORS>) returned an undefined value. | |
1627 | ||
1628 | =item Constant(%s): $^H{%s} is not defined | |
1629 | ||
1630 | (F) The parser found inconsistencies while attempting to define an | |
1631 | overloaded constant. Perhaps you forgot to load the corresponding | |
f738a371 | 1632 | L<overload> pragma? |
e21e7c6a | 1633 | |
779c5bc9 GS |
1634 | =item Constant is not %s reference |
1635 | ||
1636 | (F) A constant value (perhaps declared using the C<use constant> pragma) | |
be771a83 | 1637 | is being dereferenced, but it amounts to the wrong type of reference. |
6903afa2 | 1638 | The message indicates the type of reference that was expected. This |
be771a83 | 1639 | usually indicates a syntax error in dereferencing the constant value. |
779c5bc9 GS |
1640 | See L<perlsub/"Constant Functions"> and L<constant>. |
1641 | ||
0ac016fc FC |
1642 | =item Constants from lexical variables potentially modified elsewhere are |
1643 | deprecated | |
1644 | ||
1645 | (D deprecated) You wrote something like | |
1646 | ||
1647 | my $var; | |
1648 | $sub = sub () { $var }; | |
1649 | ||
1650 | but $var is referenced elsewhere and could be modified after the C<sub> | |
1651 | expression is evaluated. Either it is explicitly modified elsewhere | |
1652 | (C<$var = 3>) or it is passed to a subroutine or to an operator like | |
1653 | C<printf> or C<map>, which may or may not modify the variable. | |
1654 | ||
1655 | Traditionally, Perl has captured the value of the variable at that | |
1656 | point and turned the subroutine into a constant eligible for inlining. | |
1657 | In those cases where the variable can be modified elsewhere, this | |
1658 | breaks the behavior of closures, in which the subroutine captures | |
1659 | the variable itself, rather than its value, so future changes to the | |
1660 | variable are reflected in the subroutine's return value. | |
1661 | ||
1662 | This usage is deprecated, because the behavior is likely to change | |
1663 | in a future version of Perl. | |
1664 | ||
1665 | If you intended for the subroutine to be eligible for inlining, then | |
1666 | make sure the variable is not referenced elsewhere, possibly by | |
1667 | copying it: | |
1668 | ||
1669 | my $var2 = $var; | |
1670 | $sub = sub () { $var2 }; | |
1671 | ||
1672 | If you do want this subroutine to be a closure that reflects future | |
1673 | changes to the variable that it closes over, add an explicit C<return>: | |
1674 | ||
1675 | my $var; | |
1676 | $sub = sub () { return $var }; | |
1677 | ||
4cee8e80 CS |
1678 | =item Constant subroutine %s redefined |
1679 | ||
aeb94125 FC |
1680 | (W redefine)(S) You redefined a subroutine which had previously |
1681 | been eligible for inlining. See L<perlsub/"Constant Functions"> | |
1682 | for commentary and workarounds. | |
4cee8e80 | 1683 | |
9607fc9c | 1684 | =item Constant subroutine %s undefined |
1685 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1686 | (W misc) You undefined a subroutine which had previously been eligible |
1687 | for inlining. See L<perlsub/"Constant Functions"> for commentary and | |
1688 | workarounds. | |
9607fc9c | 1689 | |
5a25739d FC |
1690 | =item Constant(%s) unknown |
1691 | ||
1692 | (F) The parser found inconsistencies either while attempting | |
1693 | to define an overloaded constant, or when trying to find the | |
1694 | character name specified in the C<\N{...}> escape. Perhaps you | |
1695 | forgot to load the corresponding L<overload> pragma?. | |
1696 | ||
e7ea3e70 IZ |
1697 | =item Copy method did not return a reference |
1698 | ||
6903afa2 | 1699 | (F) The method which overloads "=" is buggy. See |
13a2d996 | 1700 | L<overload/Copy Constructor>. |
e7ea3e70 | 1701 | |
4aaa4757 FC |
1702 | =item &CORE::%s cannot be called directly |
1703 | ||
1704 | (F) You tried to call a subroutine in the C<CORE::> namespace | |
8d605c0d | 1705 | with C<&foo> syntax or through a reference. Some subroutines |
4aaa4757 FC |
1706 | in this package cannot yet be called that way, but must be |
1707 | called as barewords. Something like this will work: | |
1708 | ||
1709 | BEGIN { *shove = \&CORE::push; } | |
1710 | shove @array, 1,2,3; # pushes on to @array | |
1711 | ||
6798c92b GS |
1712 | =item CORE::%s is not a keyword |
1713 | ||
1714 | (F) The CORE:: namespace is reserved for Perl keywords. | |
1715 | ||
675fa9ff FC |
1716 | =item Corrupted regexp opcode %d > %d |
1717 | ||
1718 | (P) This is either an error in Perl, or, if you're using | |
1719 | one, your L<custom regular expression engine|perlreapi>. If not the | |
1720 | latter, report the problem through the L<perlbug> utility. | |
1721 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
1722 | =item corrupted regexp pointers |
1723 | ||
1724 | (P) The regular expression engine got confused by what the regular | |
1725 | expression compiler gave it. | |
1726 | ||
1727 | =item corrupted regexp program | |
1728 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1729 | (P) The regular expression engine got passed a regexp program without a |
1730 | valid magic number. | |
a0d0e21e | 1731 | |
de42a5a9 | 1732 | =item Corrupt malloc ptr 0x%x at 0x%x |
6df41af2 GS |
1733 | |
1734 | (P) The malloc package that comes with Perl had an internal failure. | |
1735 | ||
49704364 WL |
1736 | =item Count after length/code in unpack |
1737 | ||
1738 | (F) You had an unpack template indicating a counted-length string, but | |
1739 | you have also specified an explicit size for the string. See | |
1740 | L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
1741 | ||
f2cccb4c KW |
1742 | =for comment |
1743 | The following are used in lib/diagnostics.t for testing two =items that | |
1744 | share the same description. Changes here need to be propagated to there | |
1745 | ||
6651ba0b FC |
1746 | =item Deep recursion on anonymous subroutine |
1747 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
1748 | =item Deep recursion on subroutine "%s" |
1749 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1750 | (W recursion) This subroutine has called itself (directly or indirectly) |
1751 | 100 times more than it has returned. This probably indicates an | |
1752 | infinite recursion, unless you're writing strange benchmark programs, in | |
1753 | which case it indicates something else. | |
a0d0e21e | 1754 | |
aad1d01f NC |
1755 | This threshold can be changed from 100, by recompiling the F<perl> binary, |
1756 | setting the C pre-processor macro C<PERL_SUB_DEPTH_WARN> to the desired value. | |
1757 | ||
e0e4a6e3 FC |
1758 | =item (?(DEFINE)....) does not allow branches in regex; marked by |
1759 | S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ | |
bcb95744 | 1760 | |
6903afa2 | 1761 | (F) You used something like C<(?(DEFINE)...|..)> which is illegal. The |
bcb95744 FC |
1762 | most likely cause of this error is that you left out a parenthesis inside |
1763 | of the C<....> part. | |
1764 | ||
9e3ec65c | 1765 | The <-- HERE shows whereabouts in the regular expression the problem was |
bcb95744 FC |
1766 | discovered. |
1767 | ||
62658f4d PM |
1768 | =item %s defines neither package nor VERSION--version check failed |
1769 | ||
1770 | (F) You said something like "use Module 42" but in the Module file | |
1771 | there are neither package declarations nor a C<$VERSION>. | |
1772 | ||
36447869 FC |
1773 | =item delete argument is index/value array slice, use array slice |
1774 | ||
1775 | (F) You used index/value array slice syntax (C<%array[...]>) as | |
1776 | the argument to C<delete>. You probably meant C<@array[...]> with | |
1777 | an @ symbol instead. | |
1778 | ||
1779 | =item delete argument is key/value hash slice, use hash slice | |
1780 | ||
1781 | (F) You used key/value hash slice syntax (C<%hash{...}>) as the argument to | |
1782 | C<delete>. You probably meant C<@hash{...}> with an @ symbol instead. | |
1783 | ||
0ffcbc25 FC |
1784 | =item delete argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice |
1785 | ||
4a0af295 | 1786 | (F) The argument to C<delete> must be either a hash or array element, |
0ffcbc25 FC |
1787 | such as: |
1788 | ||
1789 | $foo{$bar} | |
1790 | $ref->{"susie"}[12] | |
1791 | ||
1792 | or a hash or array slice, such as: | |
1793 | ||
1794 | @foo[$bar, $baz, $xyzzy] | |
1795 | @{$ref->[12]}{"susie", "queue"} | |
1796 | ||
fc36a67e | 1797 | =item Delimiter for here document is too long |
1798 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1799 | (F) In a here document construct like C<<<FOO>, the label C<FOO> is too |
1800 | long for Perl to handle. You have to be seriously twisted to write code | |
1801 | that triggers this error. | |
fc36a67e | 1802 | |
6d3b25aa RGS |
1803 | =item Deprecated use of my() in false conditional |
1804 | ||
fa816bf3 FC |
1805 | (D deprecated) You used a declaration similar to C<my $x if 0>. There |
1806 | has been a long-standing bug in Perl that causes a lexical variable | |
6d3b25aa | 1807 | not to be cleared at scope exit when its declaration includes a false |
6903afa2 | 1808 | conditional. Some people have exploited this bug to achieve a kind of |
fa816bf3 | 1809 | static variable. Since we intend to fix this bug, we don't want people |
6903afa2 | 1810 | relying on this behavior. You can achieve a similar static effect by |
6d3b25aa | 1811 | declaring the variable in a separate block outside the function, eg |
36fb85f3 | 1812 | |
6d3b25aa RGS |
1813 | sub f { my $x if 0; return $x++ } |
1814 | ||
1815 | becomes | |
1816 | ||
1817 | { my $x; sub f { return $x++ } } | |
1818 | ||
ea9d9ebc | 1819 | Beginning with perl 5.10.0, you can also use C<state> variables to have |
fa816bf3 | 1820 | lexicals that are initialized only once (see L<feature>): |
36fb85f3 RGS |
1821 | |
1822 | sub f { state $x; return $x++ } | |
1823 | ||
500ab966 RGS |
1824 | =item DESTROY created new reference to dead object '%s' |
1825 | ||
1826 | (F) A DESTROY() method created a new reference to the object which is | |
6903afa2 FC |
1827 | just being DESTROYed. Perl is confused, and prefers to abort rather |
1828 | than to create a dangling reference. | |
500ab966 | 1829 | |
3cdd684c TP |
1830 | =item Did not produce a valid header |
1831 | ||
1832 | See Server error. | |
1833 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
1834 | =item %s did not return a true value |
1835 | ||
1836 | (F) A required (or used) file must return a true value to indicate that | |
1837 | it compiled correctly and ran its initialization code correctly. It's | |
1838 | traditional to end such a file with a "1;", though any true value would | |
1839 | do. See L<perlfunc/require>. | |
1840 | ||
cc507455 | 1841 | =item (Did you mean &%s instead?) |
4633a7c4 | 1842 | |
413ff9f6 FC |
1843 | (W misc) You probably referred to an imported subroutine &FOO as $FOO or |
1844 | some such. | |
4633a7c4 | 1845 | |
cc507455 | 1846 | =item (Did you mean "local" instead of "our"?) |
33633739 | 1847 | |
be771a83 GS |
1848 | (W misc) Remember that "our" does not localize the declared global |
1849 | variable. You have declared it again in the same lexical scope, which | |
1850 | seems superfluous. | |
33633739 | 1851 | |
cc507455 | 1852 | =item (Did you mean $ or @ instead of %?) |
a0d0e21e | 1853 | |
be771a83 GS |
1854 | (W) You probably said %hash{$key} when you meant $hash{$key} or |
1855 | @hash{@keys}. On the other hand, maybe you just meant %hash and got | |
1856 | carried away. | |
748a9306 | 1857 | |
7e1af8bc | 1858 | =item Died |
5f05dabc | 1859 | |
1860 | (F) You passed die() an empty string (the equivalent of C<die "">) or | |
075b00aa | 1861 | you called it with no args and C<$@> was empty. |
5f05dabc | 1862 | |
3cdd684c TP |
1863 | =item Document contains no data |
1864 | ||
1865 | See Server error. | |
1866 | ||
62658f4d PM |
1867 | =item %s does not define %s::VERSION--version check failed |
1868 | ||
1869 | (F) You said something like "use Module 42" but the Module did not | |
943fc58e | 1870 | define a C<$VERSION>. |
62658f4d | 1871 | |
49704364 WL |
1872 | =item '/' does not take a repeat count |
1873 | ||
1874 | (F) You cannot put a repeat count of any kind right after the '/' code. | |
1875 | See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
1876 | ||
95cb0d72 FC |
1877 | =item Don't know how to get file name |
1878 | ||
1879 | (P) C<PerlIO_getname>, a perl internal I/O function specific to VMS, was | |
1880 | somehow called on another platform. This should not happen. | |
1881 | ||
4021c788 | 1882 | =item Don't know how to handle magic of type \%o |
a0d0e21e LW |
1883 | |
1884 | (P) The internal handling of magical variables has been cursed. | |
1885 | ||
1886 | =item do_study: out of memory | |
1887 | ||
1888 | (P) This should have been caught by safemalloc() instead. | |
1889 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
1890 | =item (Do you need to predeclare %s?) |
1891 | ||
56da5a46 RGS |
1892 | (S syntax) This is an educated guess made in conjunction with the message |
1893 | "%s found where operator expected". It often means a subroutine or module | |
6df41af2 GS |
1894 | name is being referenced that hasn't been declared yet. This may be |
1895 | because of ordering problems in your file, or because of a missing | |
be771a83 GS |
1896 | "sub", "package", "require", or "use" statement. If you're referencing |
1897 | something that isn't defined yet, you don't actually have to define the | |
1898 | subroutine or package before the current location. You can use an empty | |
1899 | "sub foo;" or "package FOO;" to enter a "forward" declaration. | |
6df41af2 | 1900 | |
ac206dc8 RGS |
1901 | =item dump() better written as CORE::dump() |
1902 | ||
1903 | (W misc) You used the obsolescent C<dump()> built-in function, without fully | |
1904 | qualifying it as C<CORE::dump()>. Maybe it's a typo. See L<perlfunc/dump>. | |
1905 | ||
84d78eb7 YO |
1906 | =item dump is not supported |
1907 | ||
1908 | (F) Your machine doesn't support dump/undump. | |
1909 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
1910 | =item Duplicate free() ignored |
1911 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1912 | (S malloc) An internal routine called free() on something that had |
1913 | already been freed. | |
a0d0e21e | 1914 | |
1109a392 MHM |
1915 | =item Duplicate modifier '%c' after '%c' in %s |
1916 | ||
35f0cd76 FC |
1917 | (W unpack) You have applied the same modifier more than once after a |
1918 | type in a pack template. See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
1109a392 | 1919 | |
0953b66b FC |
1920 | =item each on reference is experimental |
1921 | ||
0773cb3e FC |
1922 | (S experimental::autoderef) C<each> with a scalar argument is experimental |
1923 | and may change or be removed in a future Perl version. If you want to | |
1924 | take the risk of using this feature, simply disable this warning: | |
0953b66b | 1925 | |
d401967c | 1926 | no warnings "experimental::autoderef"; |
0953b66b | 1927 | |
4633a7c4 LW |
1928 | =item elseif should be elsif |
1929 | ||
fa816bf3 FC |
1930 | (S syntax) There is no keyword "elseif" in Perl because Larry thinks |
1931 | it's ugly. Your code will be interpreted as an attempt to call a method | |
1932 | named "elseif" for the class returned by the following block. This is | |
4633a7c4 LW |
1933 | unlikely to be what you want. |
1934 | ||
e0e4a6e3 | 1935 | =item Empty \%c{} in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
ab13f0c7 | 1936 | |
af6f566e | 1937 | (F) C<\p> and C<\P> are used to introduce a named Unicode property, as |
6903afa2 | 1938 | described in L<perlunicode> and L<perlre>. You used C<\p> or C<\P> in |
af6f566e | 1939 | a regular expression without specifying the property name. |
ab13f0c7 | 1940 | |
85ab1d1d | 1941 | =item entering effective %s failed |
5ff3f7a4 | 1942 | |
85ab1d1d | 1943 | (F) While under the C<use filetest> pragma, switching the real and |
5ff3f7a4 GS |
1944 | effective uids or gids failed. |
1945 | ||
c038024b RGS |
1946 | =item %ENV is aliased to %s |
1947 | ||
1948 | (F) You're running under taint mode, and the C<%ENV> variable has been | |
1949 | aliased to another hash, so it doesn't reflect anymore the state of the | |
6903afa2 | 1950 | program's environment. This is potentially insecure. |
c038024b | 1951 | |
748a9306 LW |
1952 | =item Error converting file specification %s |
1953 | ||
5f05dabc | 1954 | (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Because Perl may have to deal with file |
748a9306 | 1955 | specifications in either VMS or Unix syntax, it converts them to a |
be771a83 GS |
1956 | single form when it must operate on them directly. Either you've passed |
1957 | an invalid file specification to Perl, or you've found a case the | |
1958 | conversion routines don't handle. Drat. | |
748a9306 | 1959 | |
ad19ef22 | 1960 | =item Eval-group in insecure regular expression |
e4d48cc9 | 1961 | |
be771a83 GS |
1962 | (F) Perl detected tainted data when trying to compile a regular |
1963 | expression that contains the C<(?{ ... })> zero-width assertion, which | |
1964 | is unsafe. See L<perlre/(?{ code })>, and L<perlsec>. | |
e4d48cc9 | 1965 | |
ad19ef22 | 1966 | =item Eval-group not allowed at runtime, use re 'eval' in regex m/%s/ |
e4d48cc9 | 1967 | |
be771a83 GS |
1968 | (F) Perl tried to compile a regular expression containing the |
1969 | C<(?{ ... })> zero-width assertion at run time, as it would when the | |
f11307f5 FC |
1970 | pattern contains interpolated values. Since that is a security risk, |
1971 | it is not allowed. If you insist, you may still do this by using the | |
1972 | C<re 'eval'> pragma or by explicitly building the pattern from an | |
1973 | interpolated string at run time and using that in an eval(). See | |
1974 | L<perlre/(?{ code })>. | |
e4d48cc9 | 1975 | |
ad19ef22 | 1976 | =item Eval-group not allowed, use re 'eval' in regex m/%s/ |
6df41af2 | 1977 | |
be771a83 GS |
1978 | (F) A regular expression contained the C<(?{ ... })> zero-width |
1979 | assertion, but that construct is only allowed when the C<use re 'eval'> | |
1980 | pragma is in effect. See L<perlre/(?{ code })>. | |
6df41af2 | 1981 | |
e0e4a6e3 FC |
1982 | =item EVAL without pos change exceeded limit in regex; marked by |
1983 | S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ | |
1a147d38 YO |
1984 | |
1985 | (F) You used a pattern that nested too many EVAL calls without consuming | |
6903afa2 | 1986 | any text. Restructure the pattern so that text is consumed. |
1a147d38 | 1987 | |
9e3ec65c | 1988 | The <-- HERE shows whereabouts in the regular expression the problem was |
1a147d38 YO |
1989 | discovered. |
1990 | ||
fc36a67e | 1991 | =item Excessively long <> operator |
1992 | ||
1993 | (F) The contents of a <> operator may not exceed the maximum size of a | |
1994 | Perl identifier. If you're just trying to glob a long list of | |
1995 | filenames, try using the glob() operator, or put the filenames into a | |
1996 | variable and glob that. | |
1997 | ||
ed9aa3b7 SG |
1998 | =item exec? I'm not *that* kind of operating system |
1999 | ||
af8bb25a | 2000 | (F) The C<exec> function is not implemented on some systems, e.g., Symbian |
6903afa2 | 2001 | OS. See L<perlport>. |
ed9aa3b7 | 2002 | |
fe13d51d | 2003 | =item Execution of %s aborted due to compilation errors. |
a0d0e21e LW |
2004 | |
2005 | (F) The final summary message when a Perl compilation fails. | |
2006 | ||
0ffcbc25 FC |
2007 | =item exists argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or a subroutine |
2008 | ||
4a0af295 | 2009 | (F) The argument to C<exists> must be a hash or array element or a |
0ffcbc25 FC |
2010 | subroutine with an ampersand, such as: |
2011 | ||
2012 | $foo{$bar} | |
2013 | $ref->{"susie"}[12] | |
2014 | &do_something | |
2015 | ||
2016 | =item exists argument is not a subroutine name | |
2017 | ||
ccfc2567 FC |
2018 | (F) The argument to C<exists> for C<exists &sub> must be a subroutine name, |
2019 | and not a subroutine call. C<exists &sub()> will generate this error. | |
0ffcbc25 | 2020 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
2021 | =item Exiting eval via %s |
2022 | ||
be771a83 GS |
2023 | (W exiting) You are exiting an eval by unconventional means, such as a |
2024 | goto, or a loop control statement. | |
e476b1b5 GS |
2025 | |
2026 | =item Exiting format via %s | |
2027 | ||
9a2ff54b | 2028 | (W exiting) You are exiting a format by unconventional means, such as a |
be771a83 | 2029 | goto, or a loop control statement. |
a0d0e21e | 2030 | |
0a753a76 | 2031 | =item Exiting pseudo-block via %s |
2032 | ||
be771a83 GS |
2033 | (W exiting) You are exiting a rather special block construct (like a |
2034 | sort block or subroutine) by unconventional means, such as a goto, or a | |
2035 | loop control statement. See L<perlfunc/sort>. | |
0a753a76 | 2036 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
2037 | =item Exiting subroutine via %s |
2038 | ||
be771a83 GS |
2039 | (W exiting) You are exiting a subroutine by unconventional means, such |
2040 | as a goto, or a loop control statement. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
2041 | |
2042 | =item Exiting substitution via %s | |
2043 | ||
be771a83 GS |
2044 | (W exiting) You are exiting a substitution by unconventional means, such |
2045 | as a return, a goto, or a loop control statement. | |
a0d0e21e | 2046 | |
e0e4a6e3 | 2047 | =item Expecting close bracket in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
c608e803 | 2048 | |
675fa9ff | 2049 | (F) You wrote something like |
c608e803 KW |
2050 | |
2051 | (?13 | |
2052 | ||
2053 | to denote a capturing group of the form | |
2054 | L<C<(?I<PARNO>)>|perlre/(?PARNO) (?-PARNO) (?+PARNO) (?R) (?0)>, | |
2055 | but omitted the C<")">. | |
2056 | ||
e0e4a6e3 | 2057 | =item Expecting '(?flags:(?[...' in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
27350048 | 2058 | |
8b6fbf55 FC |
2059 | (F) The C<(?[...])> extended character class regular expression construct |
2060 | only allows character classes (including character class escapes like | |
2061 | C<\d>), operators, and parentheses. The one exception is C<(?flags:...)> | |
2062 | containing at least one flag and exactly one C<(?[...])> construct. | |
27350048 FC |
2063 | This allows a regular expression containing just C<(?[...])> to be |
2064 | interpolated. If you see this error message, then you probably | |
2065 | have some other C<(?...)> construct inside your character class. See | |
2066 | L<perlrecharclass/Extended Bracketed Character Classes>. | |
2067 | ||
baabe3fb | 2068 | =item Experimental aliasing via reference not enabled |
1f8155a2 | 2069 | |
baabe3fb | 2070 | (F) To do aliasing via references, you must first enable the feature: |
1f8155a2 | 2071 | |
baabe3fb FC |
2072 | no warnings "experimental::refaliasing"; |
2073 | use feature "refaliasing"; | |
1f8155a2 FC |
2074 | \$x = \$y; |
2075 | ||
30d9c59b Z |
2076 | =item Experimental subroutine signatures not enabled |
2077 | ||
2078 | (F) To use subroutine signatures, you must first enable them: | |
2079 | ||
caa35032 | 2080 | no warnings "experimental::signatures"; |
30d9c59b Z |
2081 | use feature "signatures"; |
2082 | sub foo ($left, $right) { ... } | |
2083 | ||
6da34ecb FC |
2084 | =item Experimental "%s" subs not enabled |
2085 | ||
2086 | (F) To use lexical subs, you must first enable them: | |
2087 | ||
2088 | no warnings 'experimental::lexical_subs'; | |
2089 | use feature 'lexical_subs'; | |
2090 | my sub foo { ... } | |
2091 | ||
7b8d334a GS |
2092 | =item Explicit blessing to '' (assuming package main) |
2093 | ||
be771a83 GS |
2094 | (W misc) You are blessing a reference to a zero length string. This has |
2095 | the effect of blessing the reference into the package main. This is | |
2096 | usually not what you want. Consider providing a default target package, | |
2097 | e.g. bless($ref, $p || 'MyPackage'); | |
7b8d334a | 2098 | |
6df41af2 GS |
2099 | =item %s: Expression syntax |
2100 | ||
be771a83 GS |
2101 | (A) You've accidentally run your script through B<csh> instead of Perl. |
2102 | Check the #! line, or manually feed your script into Perl yourself. | |
6df41af2 GS |
2103 | |
2104 | =item %s failed--call queue aborted | |
2105 | ||
3c10abe3 AG |
2106 | (F) An untrapped exception was raised while executing a UNITCHECK, |
2107 | CHECK, INIT, or END subroutine. Processing of the remainder of the | |
2108 | queue of such routines has been prematurely ended. | |
6df41af2 | 2109 | |
e0e4a6e3 | 2110 | =item False [] range "%s" in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
73b437c8 | 2111 | |
98d31c73 | 2112 | (W regexp)(F) A character class range must start and end at a literal |
7253e4e3 | 2113 | character, not another character class like C<\d> or C<[:alpha:]>. The "-" |
3c6ca74a FC |
2114 | in your false range is interpreted as a literal "-". In a C<(?[...])> |
2115 | construct, this is an error, rather than a warning. Consider quoting | |
e0e4a6e3 | 2116 | the "-", "\-". The S<<-- HERE> shows whereabouts in the regular expression |
3c6ca74a | 2117 | the problem was discovered. See L<perlre>. |
73b437c8 | 2118 | |
1b1ee2ef | 2119 | =item Fatal VMS error (status=%d) at %s, line %d |
a0d0e21e | 2120 | |
be771a83 GS |
2121 | (P) An error peculiar to VMS. Something untoward happened in a VMS |
2122 | system service or RTL routine; Perl's exit status should provide more | |
2123 | details. The filename in "at %s" and the line number in "line %d" tell | |
2124 | you which section of the Perl source code is distressed. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
2125 | |
2126 | =item fcntl is not implemented | |
2127 | ||
2128 | (F) Your machine apparently doesn't implement fcntl(). What is this, a | |
2129 | PDP-11 or something? | |
2130 | ||
22846ab4 AB |
2131 | =item FETCHSIZE returned a negative value |
2132 | ||
2133 | (F) A tied array claimed to have a negative number of elements, which | |
2134 | is not possible. | |
2135 | ||
f337b084 TH |
2136 | =item Field too wide in 'u' format in pack |
2137 | ||
d8b5cc61 | 2138 | (W pack) Each line in an uuencoded string starts with a length indicator |
6903afa2 FC |
2139 | which can't encode values above 63. So there is no point in asking for |
2140 | a line length bigger than that. Perl will behave as if you specified | |
5c96f6f7 | 2141 | C<u63> as the format. |
f337b084 | 2142 | |
af8c498a | 2143 | =item Filehandle %s opened only for input |
a0d0e21e | 2144 | |
6c8d78fb HS |
2145 | (W io) You tried to write on a read-only filehandle. If you intended |
2146 | it to be a read-write filehandle, you needed to open it with "+<" or | |
2147 | "+>" or "+>>" instead of with "<" or nothing. If you intended only to | |
2148 | write the file, use ">" or ">>". See L<perlfunc/open>. | |
a0d0e21e | 2149 | |
af8c498a | 2150 | =item Filehandle %s opened only for output |
a0d0e21e | 2151 | |
6c8d78fb HS |
2152 | (W io) You tried to read from a filehandle opened only for writing, If |
2153 | you intended it to be a read/write filehandle, you needed to open it | |
89a1bda8 FC |
2154 | with "+<" or "+>" or "+>>" instead of with ">". If you intended only to |
2155 | read from the file, use "<". See L<perlfunc/open>. Another possibility | |
2156 | is that you attempted to open filedescriptor 0 (also known as STDIN) for | |
2157 | output (maybe you closed STDIN earlier?). | |
97828cef RGS |
2158 | |
2159 | =item Filehandle %s reopened as %s only for input | |
2160 | ||
2161 | (W io) You opened for reading a filehandle that got the same filehandle id | |
6903afa2 | 2162 | as STDOUT or STDERR. This occurred because you closed STDOUT or STDERR |
97828cef RGS |
2163 | previously. |
2164 | ||
2165 | =item Filehandle STDIN reopened as %s only for output | |
2166 | ||
2167 | (W io) You opened for writing a filehandle that got the same filehandle id | |
fa816bf3 | 2168 | as STDIN. This occurred because you closed STDIN previously. |
a0d0e21e LW |
2169 | |
2170 | =item Final $ should be \$ or $name | |
2171 | ||
2172 | (F) You must now decide whether the final $ in a string was meant to be | |
be771a83 GS |
2173 | a literal dollar sign, or was meant to introduce a variable name that |
2174 | happens to be missing. So you have to put either the backslash or the | |
2175 | name. | |
a0d0e21e | 2176 | |
56e90b21 GS |
2177 | =item flock() on closed filehandle %s |
2178 | ||
be771a83 | 2179 | (W closed) The filehandle you're attempting to flock() got itself closed |
c289d2f7 | 2180 | some time before now. Check your control flow. flock() operates on |
be771a83 GS |
2181 | filehandles. Are you attempting to call flock() on a dirhandle by the |
2182 | same name? | |
56e90b21 | 2183 | |
6df41af2 GS |
2184 | =item Format not terminated |
2185 | ||
2186 | (F) A format must be terminated by a line with a solitary dot. Perl got | |
2187 | to the end of your file without finding such a line. | |
2188 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
2189 | =item Format %s redefined |
2190 | ||
e476b1b5 | 2191 | (W redefine) You redefined a format. To suppress this warning, say |
a0d0e21e LW |
2192 | |
2193 | { | |
271595cc | 2194 | no warnings 'redefine'; |
a0d0e21e LW |
2195 | eval "format NAME =..."; |
2196 | } | |
2197 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
2198 | =item Found = in conditional, should be == |
2199 | ||
e476b1b5 | 2200 | (W syntax) You said |
a0d0e21e LW |
2201 | |
2202 | if ($foo = 123) | |
2203 | ||
2204 | when you meant | |
2205 | ||
2206 | if ($foo == 123) | |
2207 | ||
2208 | (or something like that). | |
2209 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
2210 | =item %s found where operator expected |
2211 | ||
56da5a46 RGS |
2212 | (S syntax) The Perl lexer knows whether to expect a term or an operator. |
2213 | If it sees what it knows to be a term when it was expecting to see an | |
be771a83 GS |
2214 | operator, it gives you this warning. Usually it indicates that an |
2215 | operator or delimiter was omitted, such as a semicolon. | |
6df41af2 | 2216 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
2217 | =item gdbm store returned %d, errno %d, key "%s" |
2218 | ||
2219 | (S) A warning from the GDBM_File extension that a store failed. | |
2220 | ||
2221 | =item gethostent not implemented | |
2222 | ||
2223 | (F) Your C library apparently doesn't implement gethostent(), probably | |
2224 | because if it did, it'd feel morally obligated to return every hostname | |
2225 | on the Internet. | |
2226 | ||
69282e91 | 2227 | =item get%sname() on closed socket %s |
a0d0e21e | 2228 | |
be771a83 GS |
2229 | (W closed) You tried to get a socket or peer socket name on a closed |
2230 | socket. Did you forget to check the return value of your socket() call? | |
a0d0e21e | 2231 | |
748a9306 LW |
2232 | =item getpwnam returned invalid UIC %#o for user "%s" |
2233 | ||
2234 | (S) A warning peculiar to VMS. The call to C<sys$getuai> underlying the | |
2235 | C<getpwnam> operator returned an invalid UIC. | |
2236 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
2237 | =item getsockopt() on closed socket %s |
2238 | ||
be771a83 GS |
2239 | (W closed) You tried to get a socket option on a closed socket. Did you |
2240 | forget to check the return value of your socket() call? See | |
6df41af2 GS |
2241 | L<perlfunc/getsockopt>. |
2242 | ||
0f539b13 BF |
2243 | =item given is experimental |
2244 | ||
675fa9ff FC |
2245 | (S experimental::smartmatch) C<given> depends on smartmatch, which |
2246 | is experimental, so its behavior may change or even be removed | |
2247 | in any future release of perl. See the explanation under | |
2248 | L<perlsyn/Experimental Details on given and when>. | |
0f539b13 | 2249 | |
68567d27 FC |
2250 | =item Global symbol "%s" requires explicit package name (did you forget to |
2251 | declare "my %s"?) | |
6df41af2 | 2252 | |
a4edf47d | 2253 | (F) You've said "use strict" or "use strict vars", which indicates |
30c282f6 | 2254 | that all variables must either be lexically scoped (using "my" or "state"), |
a4edf47d GS |
2255 | declared beforehand using "our", or explicitly qualified to say |
2256 | which package the global variable is in (using "::"). | |
6df41af2 | 2257 | |
e476b1b5 GS |
2258 | =item glob failed (%s) |
2259 | ||
5ead438e | 2260 | (S glob) Something went wrong with the external program(s) used |
73c4e9dc FC |
2261 | for C<glob> and C<< <*.c> >>. Usually, this means that you supplied a C<glob> |
2262 | pattern that caused the external program to fail and exit with a | |
be771a83 | 2263 | nonzero status. If the message indicates that the abnormal exit |
73c4e9dc FC |
2264 | resulted in a coredump, this may also mean that your csh (C shell) |
2265 | is broken. If so, you should change all of the csh-related variables | |
2266 | in config.sh: If you have tcsh, make the variables refer to it as | |
2267 | if it were csh (e.g. C<full_csh='/usr/bin/tcsh'>); otherwise, make them | |
2268 | all empty (except that C<d_csh> should be C<'undef'>) so that Perl will | |
be771a83 | 2269 | think csh is missing. In either case, after editing config.sh, run |
75b44862 | 2270 | C<./Configure -S> and rebuild Perl. |
e476b1b5 | 2271 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
2272 | =item Glob not terminated |
2273 | ||
2274 | (F) The lexer saw a left angle bracket in a place where it was expecting | |
be771a83 GS |
2275 | a term, so it's looking for the corresponding right angle bracket, and |
2276 | not finding it. Chances are you left some needed parentheses out | |
2277 | earlier in the line, and you really meant a "less than". | |
a0d0e21e | 2278 | |
b35b96b6 JH |
2279 | =item gmtime(%f) failed |
2280 | ||
2281 | (W overflow) You called C<gmtime> with a number that it could not handle: | |
2282 | too large, too small, or NaN. The returned value is C<undef>. | |
2283 | ||
bcd05b94 | 2284 | =item gmtime(%f) too large |
8b56d6ff | 2285 | |
e9200be3 | 2286 | (W overflow) You called C<gmtime> with a number that was larger than |
fc003d4b | 2287 | it can reliably handle and C<gmtime> probably returned the wrong |
6903afa2 | 2288 | date. This warning is also triggered with NaN (the special |
fc003d4b MS |
2289 | not-a-number value). |
2290 | ||
bcd05b94 | 2291 | =item gmtime(%f) too small |
fc003d4b | 2292 | |
e9200be3 | 2293 | (W overflow) You called C<gmtime> with a number that was smaller than |
e7a1a147 | 2294 | it can reliably handle and C<gmtime> probably returned the wrong date. |
8b56d6ff | 2295 | |
6df41af2 | 2296 | =item Got an error from DosAllocMem |
a0d0e21e | 2297 | |
6df41af2 GS |
2298 | (P) An error peculiar to OS/2. Most probably you're using an obsolete |
2299 | version of Perl, and this should not happen anyway. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
2300 | |
2301 | =item goto must have label | |
2302 | ||
2303 | (F) Unlike with "next" or "last", you're not allowed to goto an | |
2304 | unspecified destination. See L<perlfunc/goto>. | |
2305 | ||
6651ba0b FC |
2306 | =item Goto undefined subroutine%s |
2307 | ||
2308 | (F) You tried to call a subroutine with C<goto &sub> syntax, but | |
2309 | the indicated subroutine hasn't been defined, or if it was, it | |
2310 | has since been undefined. | |
2311 | ||
6fbc9859 | 2312 | =item Group name must start with a non-digit word character in regex; marked by |
e0e4a6e3 | 2313 | S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
1f4f6bf1 YO |
2314 | |
2315 | (F) Group names must follow the rules for perl identifiers, meaning | |
f26c79ba FC |
2316 | they must start with a non-digit word character. A common cause of |
2317 | this error is using (?&0) instead of (?0). See L<perlre>. | |
1f4f6bf1 | 2318 | |
5a25739d FC |
2319 | =item ()-group starts with a count |
2320 | ||
2321 | (F) A ()-group started with a count. A count is supposed to follow | |
2322 | something: a template character or a ()-group. See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
2323 | ||
fe13d51d | 2324 | =item %s had compilation errors. |
6df41af2 GS |
2325 | |
2326 | (F) The final summary message when a C<perl -c> fails. | |
2327 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
2328 | =item Had to create %s unexpectedly |
2329 | ||
be771a83 GS |
2330 | (S internal) A routine asked for a symbol from a symbol table that ought |
2331 | to have existed already, but for some reason it didn't, and had to be | |
2332 | created on an emergency basis to prevent a core dump. | |
a0d0e21e | 2333 | |
6df41af2 GS |
2334 | =item %s has too many errors |
2335 | ||
2336 | (F) The parser has given up trying to parse the program after 10 errors. | |
2337 | Further error messages would likely be uninformative. | |
2338 | ||
cc4d09e1 KW |
2339 | =item Having more than one /%c regexp modifier is deprecated |
2340 | ||
2341 | (D deprecated, regexp) You used the indicated regular expression pattern | |
2342 | modifier at least twice in a string of modifiers. It is deprecated to | |
2343 | do this with this particular modifier, to allow future extensions to the | |
2344 | Perl language. | |
2345 | ||
61e61fbc JH |
2346 | =item Hexadecimal float: exponent overflow |
2347 | ||
d8f2b442 | 2348 | (W overflow) The hexadecimal floating point has a larger exponent |
61e61fbc JH |
2349 | than the floating point supports. |
2350 | ||
2351 | =item Hexadecimal float: exponent underflow | |
2352 | ||
d8f2b442 | 2353 | (W overflow) The hexadecimal floating point has a smaller exponent |
61e61fbc JH |
2354 | than the floating point supports. |
2355 | ||
cf4f6003 JH |
2356 | =item Hexadecimal float: internal error |
2357 | ||
2358 | (F) Something went horribly bad in hexadecimal float handling. | |
2359 | ||
61e61fbc JH |
2360 | =item Hexadecimal float: mantissa overflow |
2361 | ||
2362 | (W overflow) The hexadecimal floating point literal had more bits in | |
2363 | the mantissa (the part between the 0x and the exponent, also known as | |
2364 | the fraction or the significand) than the floating point supports. | |
2365 | ||
40bca5ae JH |
2366 | =item Hexadecimal float: precision loss |
2367 | ||
2368 | (W overflow) The hexadecimal floating point had internally more | |
2369 | digits than could be output. This can be caused by unsupported | |
2370 | long double formats, or by 64-bit integers not being available | |
2371 | (needed to retrieve the digits under some configurations). | |
2372 | ||
2373 | =item Hexadecimal float: unsupported long double format | |
2374 | ||
2375 | (F) You have configured Perl to use long doubles but | |
d8f2b442 | 2376 | the internals of the long double format are unknown; |
40bca5ae JH |
2377 | therefore the hexadecimal float output is impossible. |
2378 | ||
252aa082 JH |
2379 | =item Hexadecimal number > 0xffffffff non-portable |
2380 | ||
e476b1b5 | 2381 | (W portable) The hexadecimal number you specified is larger than 2**32-1 |
9e24b6e2 JH |
2382 | (4294967295) and therefore non-portable between systems. See |
2383 | L<perlport> for more on portability concerns. | |
252aa082 | 2384 | |
8903cb82 | 2385 | =item Identifier too long |
2386 | ||
2387 | (F) Perl limits identifiers (names for variables, functions, etc.) to | |
fc36a67e | 2388 | about 250 characters for simple names, and somewhat more for compound |
be771a83 GS |
2389 | names (like C<$A::B>). You've exceeded Perl's limits. Future versions |
2390 | of Perl are likely to eliminate these arbitrary limitations. | |
8903cb82 | 2391 | |
e0e4a6e3 FC |
2392 | =item Ignoring zero length \N{} in character class in regex; marked by |
2393 | S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ | |
fc8cd66c | 2394 | |
f3ba6905 | 2395 | (W regexp) Named Unicode character escapes (C<\N{...}>) may return a |
0f44b2a5 FC |
2396 | zero-length sequence. When such an escape is used in a character |
2397 | class its behavior is not well defined. Check that the correct | |
2398 | escape has been used, and the correct charname handler is in scope. | |
fc8cd66c | 2399 | |
6df41af2 | 2400 | =item Illegal binary digit %s |
f675dbe5 | 2401 | |
6df41af2 | 2402 | (F) You used a digit other than 0 or 1 in a binary number. |
f675dbe5 | 2403 | |
6df41af2 | 2404 | =item Illegal binary digit %s ignored |
a0d0e21e | 2405 | |
be771a83 GS |
2406 | (W digit) You may have tried to use a digit other than 0 or 1 in a |
2407 | binary number. Interpretation of the binary number stopped before the | |
2408 | offending digit. | |
a0d0e21e | 2409 | |
6597eb22 FC |
2410 | =item Illegal character after '_' in prototype for %s : %s |
2411 | ||
e4d150f1 FC |
2412 | (W illegalproto) An illegal character was found in a prototype |
2413 | declaration. The '_' in a prototype must be followed by a ';', | |
2414 | indicating the rest of the parameters are optional, or one of '@' | |
2415 | or '%', since those two will accept 0 or more final parameters. | |
6597eb22 | 2416 | |
78d0fecf | 2417 | =item Illegal character \%o (carriage return) |
4fdae800 | 2418 | |
d5898338 | 2419 | (F) Perl normally treats carriage returns in the program text as it |
be771a83 GS |
2420 | would any other whitespace, which means you should never see this error |
2421 | when Perl was built using standard options. For some reason, your | |
2422 | version of Perl appears to have been built without this support. Talk | |
2423 | to your Perl administrator. | |
4fdae800 | 2424 | |
d37a9538 ST |
2425 | =item Illegal character in prototype for %s : %s |
2426 | ||
197afce1 | 2427 | (W illegalproto) An illegal character was found in a prototype declaration. |
2e9cc7ef | 2428 | Legal characters in prototypes are $, @, %, *, ;, [, ], &, \, and +. |
30d9c59b Z |
2429 | Perhaps you were trying to write a subroutine signature but didn't enable |
2430 | that feature first (C<use feature 'signatures'>), so your signature was | |
2431 | instead interpreted as a bad prototype. | |
d37a9538 | 2432 | |
904d85c5 RGS |
2433 | =item Illegal declaration of anonymous subroutine |
2434 | ||
2435 | (F) When using the C<sub> keyword to construct an anonymous subroutine, | |
6903afa2 | 2436 | you must always specify a block of code. See L<perlsub>. |
904d85c5 | 2437 | |
8e742a20 MHM |
2438 | =item Illegal declaration of subroutine %s |
2439 | ||
6903afa2 | 2440 | (F) A subroutine was not declared correctly. See L<perlsub>. |
8e742a20 | 2441 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
2442 | =item Illegal division by zero |
2443 | ||
be771a83 GS |
2444 | (F) You tried to divide a number by 0. Either something was wrong in |
2445 | your logic, or you need to put a conditional in to guard against | |
2446 | meaningless input. | |
a0d0e21e | 2447 | |
6df41af2 GS |
2448 | =item Illegal hexadecimal digit %s ignored |
2449 | ||
be771a83 GS |
2450 | (W digit) You may have tried to use a character other than 0 - 9 or |
2451 | A - F, a - f in a hexadecimal number. Interpretation of the hexadecimal | |
2452 | number stopped before the illegal character. | |
6df41af2 | 2453 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
2454 | =item Illegal modulus zero |
2455 | ||
be771a83 GS |
2456 | (F) You tried to divide a number by 0 to get the remainder. Most |
2457 | numbers don't take to this kindly. | |
a0d0e21e | 2458 | |
6df41af2 | 2459 | =item Illegal number of bits in vec |
399388f4 | 2460 | |
6df41af2 GS |
2461 | (F) The number of bits in vec() (the third argument) must be a power of |
2462 | two from 1 to 32 (or 64, if your platform supports that). | |
399388f4 GS |
2463 | |
2464 | =item Illegal octal digit %s | |
a0d0e21e | 2465 | |
d1be9408 | 2466 | (F) You used an 8 or 9 in an octal number. |
a0d0e21e | 2467 | |
399388f4 | 2468 | =item Illegal octal digit %s ignored |
748a9306 | 2469 | |
d1be9408 | 2470 | (W digit) You may have tried to use an 8 or 9 in an octal number. |
75b44862 | 2471 | Interpretation of the octal number stopped before the 8 or 9. |
748a9306 | 2472 | |
e0e4a6e3 | 2473 | =item Illegal pattern in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
c608e803 | 2474 | |
675fa9ff | 2475 | (F) You wrote something like |
c608e803 KW |
2476 | |
2477 | (?+foo) | |
2478 | ||
2479 | The C<"+"> is valid only when followed by digits, indicating a | |
2480 | capturing group. See | |
2481 | L<C<(?I<PARNO>)>|perlre/(?PARNO) (?-PARNO) (?+PARNO) (?R) (?0)>. | |
2482 | ||
375ed12a JH |
2483 | =item Illegal suidscript |
2484 | ||
2485 | (F) The script run under suidperl was somehow illegal. | |
2486 | ||
fe13d51d | 2487 | =item Illegal switch in PERL5OPT: -%c |
6ff81951 | 2488 | |
6df41af2 | 2489 | (X) The PERL5OPT environment variable may only be used to set the |
646ca9b2 | 2490 | following switches: B<-[CDIMUdmtw]>. |
6ff81951 | 2491 | |
6df41af2 | 2492 | =item Ill-formed CRTL environ value "%s" |
81e118e0 | 2493 | |
75b44862 | 2494 | (W internal) A warning peculiar to VMS. Perl tried to read the CRTL's |
be771a83 GS |
2495 | internal environ array, and encountered an element without the C<=> |
2496 | delimiter used to separate keys from values. The element is ignored. | |
09bef843 | 2497 | |
6df41af2 | 2498 | =item Ill-formed message in prime_env_iter: |%s| |
54310121 | 2499 | |
be771a83 GS |
2500 | (W internal) A warning peculiar to VMS. Perl tried to read a logical |
2501 | name or CLI symbol definition when preparing to iterate over %ENV, and | |
2502 | didn't see the expected delimiter between key and value, so the line was | |
2503 | ignored. | |
54310121 | 2504 | |
6df41af2 | 2505 | =item (in cleanup) %s |
9607fc9c | 2506 | |
be771a83 GS |
2507 | (W misc) This prefix usually indicates that a DESTROY() method raised |
2508 | the indicated exception. Since destructors are usually called by the | |
2509 | system at arbitrary points during execution, and often a vast number of | |
2510 | times, the warning is issued only once for any number of failures that | |
2511 | would otherwise result in the same message being repeated. | |
6df41af2 | 2512 | |
be771a83 GS |
2513 | Failure of user callbacks dispatched using the C<G_KEEPERR> flag could |
2514 | also result in this warning. See L<perlcall/G_KEEPERR>. | |
9607fc9c | 2515 | |
e0e4a6e3 FC |
2516 | =item Incomplete expression within '(?[ ])' in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> |
2517 | in m/%s/ | |
0d0b4b3b | 2518 | |
675fa9ff | 2519 | (F) There was a syntax error within the C<(?[ ])>. This can happen if the |
0d0b4b3b KW |
2520 | expression inside the construct was completely empty, or if there are |
2521 | too many or few operands for the number of operators. Perl is not smart | |
2522 | enough to give you a more precise indication as to what is wrong. | |
2523 | ||
6fbc9859 MH |
2524 | =item Inconsistent hierarchy during C3 merge of class '%s': merging failed on |
2525 | parent '%s' | |
2c7d6b9c RGS |
2526 | |
2527 | (F) The method resolution order (MRO) of the given class is not | |
2528 | C3-consistent, and you have enabled the C3 MRO for this class. See the C3 | |
2529 | documentation in L<mro> for more information. | |
2530 | ||
979699d9 JH |
2531 | =item In EBCDIC the v-string components cannot exceed 2147483647 |
2532 | ||
2533 | (F) An error peculiar to EBCDIC. Internally, v-strings are stored as | |
2534 | Unicode code points, and encoded in EBCDIC as UTF-EBCDIC. The UTF-EBCDIC | |
2535 | encoding is limited to code points no larger than 2147483647 (0x7FFFFFFF). | |
2536 | ||
6a2ed79a | 2537 | =item Infinite recursion in regex |
1a147d38 YO |
2538 | |
2539 | (F) You used a pattern that references itself without consuming any input | |
6903afa2 | 2540 | text. You should check the pattern to ensure that recursive patterns |
1a147d38 YO |
2541 | either consume text or fail. |
2542 | ||
6dbe9451 NC |
2543 | =item Initialization of state variables in list context currently forbidden |
2544 | ||
6903afa2 FC |
2545 | (F) Currently the implementation of "state" only permits the |
2546 | initialization of scalar variables in scalar context. Re-write | |
2547 | C<state ($a) = 42> as C<state $a = 42> to change from list to scalar | |
2548 | context. Constructions such as C<state (@a) = foo()> will be | |
2549 | supported in a future perl release. | |
6dbe9451 | 2550 | |
2186f873 FC |
2551 | =item %%s[%s] in scalar context better written as $%s[%s] |
2552 | ||
2553 | (W syntax) In scalar context, you've used an array index/value slice | |
2554 | (indicated by %) to select a single element of an array. Generally | |
2555 | it's better to ask for a scalar value (indicated by $). The difference | |
2556 | is that C<$foo[&bar]> always behaves like a scalar, both in the value it | |
2557 | returns and when evaluating its argument, while C<%foo[&bar]> provides | |
2558 | a list context to its subscript, which can do weird things if you're | |
2559 | expecting only one subscript. When called in list context, it also | |
2560 | returns the index (what C<&bar> returns) in addition to the value. | |
2561 | ||
2562 | =item %%s{%s} in scalar context better written as $%s{%s} | |
2563 | ||
2564 | (W syntax) In scalar context, you've used a hash key/value slice | |
2565 | (indicated by %) to select a single element of a hash. Generally it's | |
2566 | better to ask for a scalar value (indicated by $). The difference | |
2567 | is that C<$foo{&bar}> always behaves like a scalar, both in the value | |
2568 | it returns and when evaluating its argument, while C<@foo{&bar}> and | |
2569 | provides a list context to its subscript, which can do weird things | |
2570 | if you're expecting only one subscript. When called in list context, | |
2571 | it also returns the key in addition to the value. | |
2572 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
2573 | =item Insecure dependency in %s |
2574 | ||
8b1a09fc | 2575 | (F) You tried to do something that the tainting mechanism didn't like. |
be771a83 GS |
2576 | The tainting mechanism is turned on when you're running setuid or |
2577 | setgid, or when you specify B<-T> to turn it on explicitly. The | |
2578 | tainting mechanism labels all data that's derived directly or indirectly | |
2579 | from the user, who is considered to be unworthy of your trust. If any | |
2580 | such data is used in a "dangerous" operation, you get this error. See | |
2581 | L<perlsec> for more information. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
2582 | |
2583 | =item Insecure directory in %s | |
2584 | ||
be771a83 GS |
2585 | (F) You can't use system(), exec(), or a piped open in a setuid or |
2586 | setgid script if C<$ENV{PATH}> contains a directory that is writable by | |
df98f984 RGS |
2587 | the world. Also, the PATH must not contain any relative directory. |
2588 | See L<perlsec>. | |
a0d0e21e | 2589 | |
62f468fc | 2590 | =item Insecure $ENV{%s} while running %s |
a0d0e21e LW |
2591 | |
2592 | (F) You can't use system(), exec(), or a piped open in a setuid or | |
62f468fc | 2593 | setgid script if any of C<$ENV{PATH}>, C<$ENV{IFS}>, C<$ENV{CDPATH}>, |
332d5f78 SR |
2594 | C<$ENV{ENV}>, C<$ENV{BASH_ENV}> or C<$ENV{TERM}> are derived from data |
2595 | supplied (or potentially supplied) by the user. The script must set | |
2596 | the path to a known value, using trustworthy data. See L<perlsec>. | |
a0d0e21e | 2597 | |
0e9be77f DM |
2598 | =item Insecure user-defined property %s |
2599 | ||
2600 | (F) Perl detected tainted data when trying to compile a regular | |
2601 | expression that contains a call to a user-defined character property | |
2602 | function, i.e. C<\p{IsFoo}> or C<\p{InFoo}>. | |
2603 | See L<perlunicode/User-Defined Character Properties> and L<perlsec>. | |
2604 | ||
b9ef414d FC |
2605 | =item Integer overflow in format string for %s |
2606 | ||
2607 | (F) The indexes and widths specified in the format string of C<printf()> | |
2608 | or C<sprintf()> are too large. The numbers must not overflow the size of | |
2609 | integers for your architecture. | |
2610 | ||
a7ae9550 GS |
2611 | =item Integer overflow in %s number |
2612 | ||
35928bc5 | 2613 | (S overflow) The hexadecimal, octal or binary number you have specified |
be771a83 GS |
2614 | either as a literal or as an argument to hex() or oct() is too big for |
2615 | your architecture, and has been converted to a floating point number. | |
2616 | On a 32-bit architecture the largest hexadecimal, octal or binary number | |
9e24b6e2 JH |
2617 | representable without overflow is 0xFFFFFFFF, 037777777777, or |
2618 | 0b11111111111111111111111111111111 respectively. Note that Perl | |
2619 | transparently promotes all numbers to a floating point representation | |
2620 | internally--subject to loss of precision errors in subsequent | |
2621 | operations. | |
bbce6d69 | 2622 | |
fc89ca81 FC |
2623 | =item Integer overflow in srand |
2624 | ||
2625 | (S overflow) The number you have passed to srand is too big to fit | |
2626 | in your architecture's integer representation. The number has been | |
2627 | replaced with the largest integer supported (0xFFFFFFFF on 32-bit | |
2628 | architectures). This means you may be getting less randomness than | |
2629 | you expect, because different random seeds above the maximum will | |
2630 | return the same sequence of random numbers. | |
2631 | ||
46314c13 JP |
2632 | =item Integer overflow in version |
2633 | ||
18da5252 FC |
2634 | =item Integer overflow in version %d |
2635 | ||
784d71ed FC |
2636 | (W overflow) Some portion of a version initialization is too large for |
2637 | the size of integers for your architecture. This is not a warning | |
f084e84f | 2638 | because there is no rational reason for a version to try and use an |
784d71ed FC |
2639 | element larger than typically 2**32. This is usually caused by trying |
2640 | to use some odd mathematical operation as a version, like 100/9. | |
46314c13 | 2641 | |
e0e4a6e3 | 2642 | =item Internal disaster in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
6df41af2 GS |
2643 | |
2644 | (P) Something went badly wrong in the regular expression parser. | |
e0e4a6e3 | 2645 | The S<<-- HERE> shows whereabouts in the regular expression the problem was |
b45f050a JF |
2646 | discovered. |
2647 | ||
748a9306 LW |
2648 | =item Internal inconsistency in tracking vforks |
2649 | ||
be771a83 GS |
2650 | (S) A warning peculiar to VMS. Perl keeps track of the number of times |
2651 | you've called C<fork> and C<exec>, to determine whether the current call | |
2652 | to C<exec> should affect the current script or a subprocess (see | |
2653 | L<perlvms/"exec LIST">). Somehow, this count has become scrambled, so | |
2654 | Perl is making a guess and treating this C<exec> as a request to | |
2655 | terminate the Perl script and execute the specified command. | |
748a9306 | 2656 | |
870978ae FC |
2657 | =item internal %<num>p might conflict with future printf extensions |
2658 | ||
2659 | (S internal) Perl's internal routine that handles C<printf> and C<sprintf> | |
2660 | formatting follows a slightly different set of rules when called from | |
2661 | C or XS code. Specifically, formats consisting of digits followed | |
2662 | by "p" (e.g., "%7p") are reserved for future use. If you see this | |
2663 | message, then an XS module tried to call that routine with one such | |
2664 | reserved format. | |
2665 | ||
e0e4a6e3 | 2666 | =item Internal urp in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
b45f050a | 2667 | |
fa816bf3 | 2668 | (P) Something went badly awry in the regular expression parser. The |
e0e4a6e3 | 2669 | S<<-- HERE> shows whereabouts in the regular expression the problem was |
7253e4e3 | 2670 | discovered. |
a0d0e21e | 2671 | |
6df41af2 GS |
2672 | =item %s (...) interpreted as function |
2673 | ||
75b44862 | 2674 | (W syntax) You've run afoul of the rule that says that any list operator |
be771a83 | 2675 | followed by parentheses turns into a function, with all the list |
64977eb6 | 2676 | operators arguments found inside the parentheses. See |
13a2d996 | 2677 | L<perlop/Terms and List Operators (Leftward)>. |
6df41af2 | 2678 | |
f51551f7 FC |
2679 | =item In '(?...)', the '(' and '?' must be adjacent in regex; |
2680 | marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ | |
2681 | ||
2682 | (F) The two-character sequence C<"(?"> in this context in a regular | |
2683 | expression pattern should be an indivisible token, with nothing | |
2684 | intervening between the C<"("> and the C<"?">, but you separated them | |
2685 | with whitespace. | |
2686 | ||
09bef843 SB |
2687 | =item Invalid %s attribute: %s |
2688 | ||
a4a4c9e2 | 2689 | (F) The indicated attribute for a subroutine or variable was not recognized |
09bef843 SB |
2690 | by Perl or by a user-supplied handler. See L<attributes>. |
2691 | ||
2692 | =item Invalid %s attributes: %s | |
2693 | ||
a4a4c9e2 | 2694 | (F) The indicated attributes for a subroutine or variable were not |
be771a83 | 2695 | recognized by Perl or by a user-supplied handler. See L<attributes>. |
09bef843 | 2696 | |
e0e4a6e3 FC |
2697 | =item Invalid character in charnames alias definition; marked by |
2698 | S<<-- HERE> in '%s | |
225fb84f KW |
2699 | |
2700 | (F) You tried to create a custom alias for a character name, with | |
2701 | the C<:alias> option to C<use charnames> and the specified character in | |
2702 | the indicated name isn't valid. See L<charnames/CUSTOM ALIASES>. | |
2703 | ||
c8028aa6 TC |
2704 | =item Invalid \0 character in %s for %s: %s\0%s |
2705 | ||
fa3234e3 FC |
2706 | (W syscalls) Embedded \0 characters in pathnames or other system call |
2707 | arguments produce a warning as of 5.20. The parts after the \0 were | |
2708 | formerly ignored by system calls. | |
c8028aa6 | 2709 | |
e0e4a6e3 | 2710 | =item Invalid character in \N{...}; marked by S<<-- HERE> in \N{%s} |
a690c7c4 FC |
2711 | |
2712 | (F) Only certain characters are valid for character names. The | |
2713 | indicated one isn't. See L<charnames/CUSTOM ALIASES>. | |
2714 | ||
c635e13b | 2715 | =item Invalid conversion in %s: "%s" |
2716 | ||
be771a83 GS |
2717 | (W printf) Perl does not understand the given format conversion. See |
2718 | L<perlfunc/sprintf>. | |
c635e13b | 2719 | |
e0e4a6e3 FC |
2720 | =item Invalid escape in the specified encoding in regex; marked by |
2721 | S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ | |
9e08bc66 | 2722 | |
98d31c73 | 2723 | (W regexp)(F) The numeric escape (for example C<\xHH>) of value < 256 |
9e08bc66 TS |
2724 | didn't correspond to a single character through the conversion |
2725 | from the encoding specified by the encoding pragma. | |
98d31c73 FC |
2726 | The escape was replaced with REPLACEMENT CHARACTER (U+FFFD) |
2727 | instead, except within S<C<(?[ ])>>, where it is a fatal error. | |
e0e4a6e3 | 2728 | The S<<-- HERE> shows whereabouts in the regular expression the |
9e08bc66 TS |
2729 | escape was discovered. |
2730 | ||
af5e7be2 FC |
2731 | =item %s: Invalid handshake key got %p needed %p, binaries are mismatched |
2732 | ||
2733 | (P) A dynamic loading library C<.so> or C<.dll> was being loaded into the | |
2734 | process that was built against a different build of perl than the | |
2735 | said library was compiled against. Reinstalling the XS module will | |
2736 | likely fix this error. | |
2737 | ||
8149aa9f FC |
2738 | =item Invalid hexadecimal number in \N{U+...} |
2739 | ||
e0e4a6e3 FC |
2740 | =item Invalid hexadecimal number in \N{U+...} in regex; marked by |
2741 | S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ | |
aec0ef10 | 2742 | |
8149aa9f | 2743 | (F) The character constant represented by C<...> is not a valid hexadecimal |
74f8e9e3 FC |
2744 | number. Either it is empty, or you tried to use a character other than |
2745 | 0 - 9 or A - F, a - f in a hexadecimal number. | |
8149aa9f | 2746 | |
6651ba0b FC |
2747 | =item Invalid module name %s with -%c option: contains single ':' |
2748 | ||
2749 | (F) The module argument to perl's B<-m> and B<-M> command-line options | |
2750 | cannot contain single colons in the module name, but only in the | |
2751 | arguments after "=". In other words, B<-MFoo::Bar=:baz> is ok, but | |
2752 | B<-MFoo:Bar=baz> is not. | |
2753 | ||
2c7d6b9c RGS |
2754 | =item Invalid mro name: '%s' |
2755 | ||
162a3e34 FC |
2756 | (F) You tried to C<mro::set_mro("classname", "foo")> or C<use mro 'foo'>, |
2757 | where C<foo> is not a valid method resolution order (MRO). Currently, | |
2758 | the only valid ones supported are C<dfs> and C<c3>, unless you have loaded | |
2759 | a module that is a MRO plugin. See L<mro> and L<perlmroapi>. | |
2c7d6b9c | 2760 | |
40e4140b FC |
2761 | =item Invalid negative number (%s) in chr |
2762 | ||
2763 | (W utf8) You passed a negative number to C<chr>. Negative numbers are | |
abc0aa9d | 2764 | not valid character numbers, so it returns the Unicode replacement |
40e4140b FC |
2765 | character (U+FFFD). |
2766 | ||
6651ba0b FC |
2767 | =item invalid option -D%c, use -D'' to see choices |
2768 | ||
8ff21bfe FC |
2769 | (S debugging) Perl was called with invalid debugger flags. Call perl |
2770 | with the B<-D> option with no flags to see the list of acceptable values. | |
982c4ecb | 2771 | See also L<perlrun/-Dletters>. |
6651ba0b | 2772 | |
e0e4a6e3 | 2773 | =item Invalid [] range "%s" in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
6df41af2 GS |
2774 | |
2775 | (F) The range specified in a character class had a minimum character | |
7253e4e3 RK |
2776 | greater than the maximum character. One possibility is that you forgot the |
2777 | C<{}> from your ending C<\x{}> - C<\x> without the curly braces can go only | |
e0e4a6e3 | 2778 | up to C<ff>. The S<<-- HERE> shows whereabouts in the regular expression the |
7253e4e3 | 2779 | problem was discovered. See L<perlre>. |
6df41af2 | 2780 | |
d1573ac7 | 2781 | =item Invalid range "%s" in transliteration operator |
c2e66d9e GS |
2782 | |
2783 | (F) The range specified in the tr/// or y/// operator had a minimum | |
2784 | character greater than the maximum character. See L<perlop>. | |
2785 | ||
09bef843 SB |
2786 | =item Invalid separator character %s in attribute list |
2787 | ||
0120eecf | 2788 | (F) Something other than a colon or whitespace was seen between the |
be771a83 GS |
2789 | elements of an attribute list. If the previous attribute had a |
2790 | parenthesised parameter list, perhaps that list was terminated too soon. | |
2791 | See L<attributes>. | |
09bef843 | 2792 | |
b4581f09 JH |
2793 | =item Invalid separator character %s in PerlIO layer specification %s |
2794 | ||
2bfc5f71 FC |
2795 | (W layer) When pushing layers onto the Perl I/O system, something other |
2796 | than a colon or whitespace was seen between the elements of a layer list. | |
b4581f09 JH |
2797 | If the previous attribute had a parenthesised parameter list, perhaps that |
2798 | list was terminated too soon. | |
2799 | ||
2c86d456 DG |
2800 | =item Invalid strict version format (%s) |
2801 | ||
fa816bf3 | 2802 | (F) A version number did not meet the "strict" criteria for versions. |
2c86d456 DG |
2803 | A "strict" version number is a positive decimal number (integer or |
2804 | decimal-fraction) without exponentiation or else a dotted-decimal | |
2805 | v-string with a leading 'v' character and at least three components. | |
a6485a24 | 2806 | The parenthesized text indicates which criteria were not met. |
2c86d456 DG |
2807 | See the L<version> module for more details on allowed version formats. |
2808 | ||
49704364 | 2809 | =item Invalid type '%s' in %s |
96e4d5b1 | 2810 | |
49704364 WL |
2811 | (F) The given character is not a valid pack or unpack type. |
2812 | See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
6728c851 | 2813 | |
49704364 | 2814 | (W) The given character is not a valid pack or unpack type but used to be |
75b44862 | 2815 | silently ignored. |
96e4d5b1 | 2816 | |
2c86d456 DG |
2817 | =item Invalid version format (%s) |
2818 | ||
fa816bf3 | 2819 | (F) A version number did not meet the "lax" criteria for versions. |
2c86d456 DG |
2820 | A "lax" version number is a positive decimal number (integer or |
2821 | decimal-fraction) without exponentiation or else a dotted-decimal | |
fa816bf3 FC |
2822 | v-string. If the v-string has fewer than three components, it |
2823 | must have a leading 'v' character. Otherwise, the leading 'v' is | |
2824 | optional. Both decimal and dotted-decimal versions may have a | |
2825 | trailing "alpha" component separated by an underscore character | |
2826 | after a fractional or dotted-decimal component. The parenthesized | |
2827 | text indicates which criteria were not met. See the L<version> module | |
2828 | for more details on allowed version formats. | |
46314c13 | 2829 | |
798ae1b7 DG |
2830 | =item Invalid version object |
2831 | ||
fa816bf3 FC |
2832 | (F) The internal structure of the version object was invalid. |
2833 | Perhaps the internals were modified directly in some way or | |
2834 | an arbitrary reference was blessed into the "version" class. | |
798ae1b7 | 2835 | |
cd209d9d | 2836 | =item In '(*VERB...)', the '(' and '*' must be adjacent in regex; |
e0e4a6e3 | 2837 | marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
675fa9ff | 2838 | |
cd209d9d | 2839 | (F) The two-character sequence C<"(*"> in |
675fa9ff FC |
2840 | this context in a regular expression pattern should be an |
2841 | indivisible token, with nothing intervening between the C<"("> | |
cd209d9d | 2842 | and the C<"*">, but you separated them. |
675fa9ff | 2843 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
2844 | =item ioctl is not implemented |
2845 | ||
2846 | (F) Your machine apparently doesn't implement ioctl(), which is pretty | |
2847 | strange for a machine that supports C. | |
2848 | ||
c289d2f7 JH |
2849 | =item ioctl() on unopened %s |
2850 | ||
2851 | (W unopened) You tried ioctl() on a filehandle that was never opened. | |
34b6fd5e | 2852 | Check your control flow and number of arguments. |
c289d2f7 | 2853 | |
fe13d51d | 2854 | =item IO layers (like '%s') unavailable |
363c40c4 SB |
2855 | |
2856 | (F) Your Perl has not been configured to have PerlIO, and therefore | |
34b6fd5e | 2857 | you cannot use IO layers. To have PerlIO, Perl must be configured |
363c40c4 SB |
2858 | with 'useperlio'. |
2859 | ||
80cbd5ad JH |
2860 | =item IO::Socket::atmark not implemented on this architecture |
2861 | ||
2862 | (F) Your machine doesn't implement the sockatmark() functionality, | |
34b6fd5e | 2863 | neither as a system call nor an ioctl call (SIOCATMARK). |
80cbd5ad | 2864 | |
4f650b80 | 2865 | =item $* is no longer supported |
b4581f09 | 2866 | |
4f650b80 | 2867 | (D deprecated, syntax) The special variable C<$*>, deprecated in older |
ea9d9ebc | 2868 | perls, has been removed as of 5.10.0 and is no longer supported. In |
4f650b80 NC |
2869 | previous versions of perl the use of C<$*> enabled or disabled multi-line |
2870 | matching within a string. | |
4fd19576 B |
2871 | |
2872 | Instead of using C<$*> you should use the C</m> (and maybe C</s>) regexp | |
6903afa2 FC |
2873 | modifiers. You can enable C</m> for a lexical scope (even a whole file) |
2874 | with C<use re '/m'>. (In older versions: when C<$*> was set to a true value | |
570dedd4 | 2875 | then all regular expressions behaved as if they were written using C</m>.) |
b4581f09 | 2876 | |
8ae1fe26 RGS |
2877 | =item $# is no longer supported |
2878 | ||
a58ac25e | 2879 | (D deprecated, syntax) The special variable C<$#>, deprecated in older |
ea9d9ebc | 2880 | perls, has been removed as of 5.10.0 and is no longer supported. You |
a58ac25e | 2881 | should use the printf/sprintf functions instead. |
8ae1fe26 | 2882 | |
ccf3535a | 2883 | =item '%s' is not a code reference |
6ad11d81 | 2884 | |
6903afa2 FC |
2885 | (W overload) The second (fourth, sixth, ...) argument of |
2886 | overload::constant needs to be a code reference. Either | |
2887 | an anonymous subroutine, or a reference to a subroutine. | |
6ad11d81 | 2888 | |
ccf3535a | 2889 | =item '%s' is not an overloadable type |
6ad11d81 | 2890 | |
04a80ee0 RGS |
2891 | (W overload) You tried to overload a constant type the overload package is |
2892 | unaware of. | |
6ad11d81 | 2893 | |
5a25739d FC |
2894 | =item -i used with no filenames on the command line, reading from STDIN |
2895 | ||
2896 | (S inplace) The C<-i> option was passed on the command line, indicating | |
2897 | that the script is intended to edit files in place, but no files were | |
2898 | given. This is usually a mistake, since editing STDIN in place doesn't | |
2899 | make sense, and can be confusing because it can make perl look like | |
2900 | it is hanging when it is really just trying to read from STDIN. You | |
2901 | should either pass a filename to edit, or remove C<-i> from the command | |
2902 | line. See L<perlrun> for more details. | |
2903 | ||
aec0ef10 | 2904 | =item Junk on end of regexp in regex m/%s/ |
a0d0e21e LW |
2905 | |
2906 | (P) The regular expression parser is confused. | |
2907 | ||
0953b66b FC |
2908 | =item keys on reference is experimental |
2909 | ||
0773cb3e FC |
2910 | (S experimental::autoderef) C<keys> with a scalar argument is experimental |
2911 | and may change or be removed in a future Perl version. If you want to | |
2912 | take the risk of using this feature, simply disable this warning: | |
0953b66b | 2913 | |
d401967c | 2914 | no warnings "experimental::autoderef"; |
0953b66b | 2915 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
2916 | =item Label not found for "last %s" |
2917 | ||
be771a83 GS |
2918 | (F) You named a loop to break out of, but you're not currently in a loop |
2919 | of that name, not even if you count where you were called from. See | |
2920 | L<perlfunc/last>. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
2921 | |
2922 | =item Label not found for "next %s" | |
2923 | ||
2924 | (F) You named a loop to continue, but you're not currently in a loop of | |
2925 | that name, not even if you count where you were called from. See | |
2926 | L<perlfunc/last>. | |
2927 | ||
2928 | =item Label not found for "redo %s" | |
2929 | ||
2930 | (F) You named a loop to restart, but you're not currently in a loop of | |
2931 | that name, not even if you count where you were called from. See | |
2932 | L<perlfunc/last>. | |
2933 | ||
85ab1d1d | 2934 | =item leaving effective %s failed |
5ff3f7a4 | 2935 | |
85ab1d1d | 2936 | (F) While under the C<use filetest> pragma, switching the real and |
5ff3f7a4 GS |
2937 | effective uids or gids failed. |
2938 | ||
49704364 WL |
2939 | =item length/code after end of string in unpack |
2940 | ||
d7f8936a | 2941 | (F) While unpacking, the string buffer was already used up when an unpack |
6903afa2 FC |
2942 | length/code combination tried to obtain more data. This results in |
2943 | an undefined value for the length. See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
49704364 | 2944 | |
25e26107 | 2945 | =item length() used on %s (did you mean "scalar(%s)"?) |
e508c8a4 | 2946 | |
0d46a4e7 FC |
2947 | (W syntax) You used length() on either an array or a hash when you |
2948 | probably wanted a count of the items. | |
e508c8a4 MH |
2949 | |
2950 | Array size can be obtained by doing: | |
2951 | ||
2952 | scalar(@array); | |
2953 | ||
2954 | The number of items in a hash can be obtained by doing: | |
2955 | ||
2956 | scalar(keys %hash); | |
2957 | ||
f0e67a1d Z |
2958 | =item Lexing code attempted to stuff non-Latin-1 character into Latin-1 input |
2959 | ||
d4fe7078 RS |
2960 | (F) An extension is attempting to insert text into the current parse |
2961 | (using L<lex_stuff_pvn|perlapi/lex_stuff_pvn> or similar), but tried to insert a character that | |
2962 | couldn't be part of the current input. This is an inherent pitfall | |
2963 | of the stuffing mechanism, and one of the reasons to avoid it. Where | |
6903afa2 | 2964 | it is necessary to stuff, stuffing only plain ASCII is recommended. |
f0e67a1d Z |
2965 | |
2966 | =item Lexing code internal error (%s) | |
2967 | ||
2968 | (F) Lexing code supplied by an extension violated the lexer's API in a | |
2969 | detectable way. | |
2970 | ||
69282e91 | 2971 | =item listen() on closed socket %s |
a0d0e21e | 2972 | |
be771a83 GS |
2973 | (W closed) You tried to do a listen on a closed socket. Did you forget |
2974 | to check the return value of your socket() call? See | |
2975 | L<perlfunc/listen>. | |
a0d0e21e | 2976 | |
6651ba0b FC |
2977 | =item List form of piped open not implemented |
2978 | ||
2979 | (F) On some platforms, notably Windows, the three-or-more-arguments | |
2980 | form of C<open> does not support pipes, such as C<open($pipe, '|-', @args)>. | |
2981 | Use the two-argument C<open($pipe, '|prog arg1 arg2...')> form instead. | |
2982 | ||
8c6180a9 KW |
2983 | =item Locale '%s' may not work well.%s |
2984 | ||
2985 | (W locale) The named locale that Perl is now trying to use is not fully | |
2986 | compatible with Perl. The second C<%s> gives a reason. | |
2987 | ||
2988 | By far the most common reason is that the locale has characters in it | |
2989 | that are represented by more than one byte. The only such locales that | |
2990 | Perl can handle are the UTF-8 locales. Most likely the specified locale | |
2991 | is a non-UTF-8 one for an East Asian language such as Chinese or | |
2992 | Japanese. If the locale is a superset of ASCII, the ASCII portion of it | |
2993 | may work in Perl. Read on for problems when it isn't a superset of | |
2994 | ASCII. | |
2995 | ||
2996 | Some essentially obsolete locales that aren't supersets of ASCII, mainly | |
2997 | those in ISO 646 or other 7-bit locales, such as ASMO 449, can also have | |
2998 | problems, depending on what portions of the ASCII character set get | |
2999 | changed by the locale and are also used by the program. | |
3000 | The warning message lists the determinable conflicting characters. | |
3001 | ||
a2162cd9 FC |
3002 | =item localtime(%f) failed |
3003 | ||
3004 | (W overflow) You called C<localtime> with a number that it could not handle: | |
3005 | too large, too small, or NaN. The returned value is C<undef>. | |
3006 | ||
3007 | =item localtime(%f) too large | |
3008 | ||
3009 | (W overflow) You called C<localtime> with a number that was larger | |
3010 | than it can reliably handle and C<localtime> probably returned the | |
3011 | wrong date. This warning is also triggered with NaN (the special | |
3012 | not-a-number value). | |
3013 | ||
3014 | =item localtime(%f) too small | |
3015 | ||
3016 | (W overflow) You called C<localtime> with a number that was smaller | |
3017 | than it can reliably handle and C<localtime> probably returned the | |
3018 | wrong date. | |
3019 | ||
58e23c8d | 3020 | =item Lookbehind longer than %d not implemented in regex m/%s/ |
b45f050a JF |
3021 | |
3022 | (F) There is currently a limit on the length of string which lookbehind can | |
6903afa2 | 3023 | handle. This restriction may be eased in a future release. |
2e50fd82 | 3024 | |
b88df990 NC |
3025 | =item Lost precision when %s %f by 1 |
3026 | ||
e63e8a91 FC |
3027 | (W imprecision) The value you attempted to increment or decrement by one |
3028 | is too large for the underlying floating point representation to store | |
3029 | accurately, hence the target of C<++> or C<--> is unchanged. Perl issues this | |
3030 | warning because it has already switched from integers to floating point | |
3031 | when values are too large for integers, and now even floating point is | |
3032 | insufficient. You may wish to switch to using L<Math::BigInt> explicitly. | |
b88df990 | 3033 | |
93fad930 | 3034 | =item lstat() on filehandle%s |
2f7da168 RK |
3035 | |
3036 | (W io) You tried to do an lstat on a filehandle. What did you mean | |
3037 | by that? lstat() makes sense only on filenames. (Perl did a fstat() | |
3038 | instead on the filehandle.) | |
3039 | ||
345d70e3 | 3040 | =item lvalue attribute %s already-defined subroutine |
bb3abb05 | 3041 | |
345d70e3 FC |
3042 | (W misc) Although L<attributes.pm|attributes> allows this, turning the lvalue |
3043 | attribute on or off on a Perl subroutine that is already defined | |
3044 | does not always work properly. It may or may not do what you | |
3045 | want, depending on what code is inside the subroutine, with exact | |
3046 | details subject to change between Perl versions. Only do this | |
3047 | if you really know what you are doing. | |
bb3abb05 | 3048 | |
885ef6f5 GG |
3049 | =item lvalue attribute ignored after the subroutine has been defined |
3050 | ||
345d70e3 FC |
3051 | (W misc) Using the C<:lvalue> declarative syntax to make a Perl |
3052 | subroutine an lvalue subroutine after it has been defined is | |
3053 | not permitted. To make the subroutine an lvalue subroutine, | |
3054 | add the lvalue attribute to the definition, or put the C<sub | |
3055 | foo :lvalue;> declaration before the definition. | |
3056 | ||
3057 | See also L<attributes.pm|attributes>. | |
885ef6f5 | 3058 | |
6f1b3ab0 FC |
3059 | =item Magical list constants are not supported |
3060 | ||
3061 | (F) You assigned a magical array to a stash element, and then tried | |
3062 | to use the subroutine from the same slot. You are asking Perl to do | |
3063 | something it cannot do, details subject to change between Perl versions. | |
3064 | ||
2db62bbc | 3065 | =item Malformed integer in [] in pack |
49704364 | 3066 | |
2db62bbc | 3067 | (F) Between the brackets enclosing a numeric repeat count only digits |
49704364 WL |
3068 | are permitted. See L<perlfunc/pack>. |
3069 | ||
3070 | =item Malformed integer in [] in unpack | |
3071 | ||
2db62bbc | 3072 | (F) Between the brackets enclosing a numeric repeat count only digits |
49704364 WL |
3073 | are permitted. See L<perlfunc/pack>. |
3074 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
3075 | =item Malformed PERLLIB_PREFIX |
3076 | ||
3077 | (F) An error peculiar to OS/2. PERLLIB_PREFIX should be of the form | |
3078 | ||
3079 | prefix1;prefix2 | |
3080 | ||
3081 | or | |
6df41af2 GS |
3082 | prefix1 prefix2 |
3083 | ||
be771a83 GS |
3084 | with nonempty prefix1 and prefix2. If C<prefix1> is indeed a prefix of |
3085 | a builtin library search path, prefix2 is substituted. The error may | |
3086 | appear if components are not found, or are too long. See | |
fecfaeb8 | 3087 | "PERLLIB_PREFIX" in L<perlos2>. |
6df41af2 | 3088 | |
2f758a16 ST |
3089 | =item Malformed prototype for %s: %s |
3090 | ||
d37a9538 ST |
3091 | (F) You tried to use a function with a malformed prototype. The |
3092 | syntax of function prototypes is given a brief compile-time check for | |
3093 | obvious errors like invalid characters. A more rigorous check is run | |
3094 | when the function is called. | |
30d9c59b Z |
3095 | Perhaps the function's author was trying to write a subroutine signature |
3096 | but didn't enable that feature first (C<use feature 'signatures'>), | |
3097 | so the signature was instead interpreted as a bad prototype. | |
2f758a16 | 3098 | |
ba210ebe JH |
3099 | =item Malformed UTF-8 character (%s) |
3100 | ||
4d6f11e5 | 3101 | (S utf8)(F) Perl detected a string that didn't comply with UTF-8 |
2575c402 | 3102 | encoding rules, even though it had the UTF8 flag on. |
ba210ebe | 3103 | |
2575c402 JW |
3104 | One possible cause is that you set the UTF8 flag yourself for data that |
3105 | you thought to be in UTF-8 but it wasn't (it was for example legacy | |
6903afa2 | 3106 | 8-bit data). To guard against this, you can use Encode::decode_utf8. |
2575c402 JW |
3107 | |
3108 | If you use the C<:encoding(UTF-8)> PerlIO layer for input, invalid byte | |
3109 | sequences are handled gracefully, but if you use C<:utf8>, the flag is | |
3110 | set without validating the data, possibly resulting in this error | |
3111 | message. | |
3112 | ||
3113 | See also L<Encode/"Handling Malformed Data">. | |
901b21bf | 3114 | |
107160e2 KW |
3115 | =item Malformed UTF-8 character immediately after '%s' |
3116 | ||
3117 | (F) You said C<use utf8>, but the program file doesn't comply with UTF-8 | |
3118 | encoding rules. The message prints out the properly encoded characters | |
3119 | just before the first bad one. If C<utf8> warnings are enabled, a | |
3120 | warning is generated that gives more details about the type of | |
3121 | malformation. | |
3122 | ||
bde9e88d | 3123 | =item Malformed UTF-8 returned by \N{%s} immediately after '%s' |
ff3f963a KW |
3124 | |
3125 | (F) The charnames handler returned malformed UTF-8. | |
3126 | ||
4a5d3a93 FC |
3127 | =item Malformed UTF-8 string in '%c' format in unpack |
3128 | ||
3129 | (F) You tried to unpack something that didn't comply with UTF-8 encoding | |
3130 | rules and perl was unable to guess how to make more progress. | |
3131 | ||
f337b084 TH |
3132 | =item Malformed UTF-8 string in pack |
3133 | ||
3134 | (F) You tried to pack something that didn't comply with UTF-8 encoding | |
3135 | rules and perl was unable to guess how to make more progress. | |
3136 | ||
3137 | =item Malformed UTF-8 string in unpack | |
3138 | ||
3139 | (F) You tried to unpack something that didn't comply with UTF-8 encoding | |
3140 | rules and perl was unable to guess how to make more progress. | |
3141 | ||
4a5d3a93 | 3142 | =item Malformed UTF-16 surrogate |
f337b084 | 3143 | |
4a5d3a93 FC |
3144 | (F) Perl thought it was reading UTF-16 encoded character data but while |
3145 | doing it Perl met a malformed Unicode surrogate. | |
3146 | ||
30d9c59b Z |
3147 | =item Mandatory parameter follows optional parameter |
3148 | ||
3149 | (F) In a subroutine signature, you wrote something like "$a = undef, | |
3150 | $b", making an earlier parameter optional and a later one mandatory. | |
3151 | Parameters are filled from left to right, so it's impossible for the | |
3152 | caller to omit an earlier one and pass a later one. If you want to act | |
3153 | as if the parameters are filled from right to left, declare the rightmost | |
3154 | optional and then shuffle the parameters around in the subroutine's body. | |
3155 | ||
2d88a86a KW |
3156 | =item Matched non-Unicode code point 0x%X against Unicode property; may |
3157 | not be portable | |
3158 | ||
3159 | (S non_unicode) Perl allows strings to contain a superset of | |
3160 | Unicode code points; each code point may be as large as what is storable | |
3161 | in an unsigned integer on your system, but these may not be accepted by | |
3162 | other languages/systems. This message occurs when you matched a string | |
3163 | containing such a code point against a regular expression pattern, and | |
3164 | the code point was matched against a Unicode property, C<\p{...}> or | |
3165 | C<\P{...}>. Unicode properties are only defined on Unicode code points, | |
3166 | so the result of this match is undefined by Unicode, but Perl (starting | |
3167 | in v5.20) treats non-Unicode code points as if they were typical | |
3168 | unassigned Unicode ones, and matched this one accordingly. Whether a | |
3169 | given property matches these code points or not is specified in | |
3170 | L<perluniprops/Properties accessible through \p{} and \P{}>. | |
3171 | ||
3172 | This message is suppressed (unless it has been made fatal) if it is | |
3173 | immaterial to the results of the match if the code point is Unicode or | |
3174 | not. For example, the property C<\p{ASCII_Hex_Digit}> only can match | |
3175 | the 22 characters C<[0-9A-Fa-f]>, so obviously all other code points, | |
3176 | Unicode or not, won't match it. (And C<\P{ASCII_Hex_Digit}> will match | |
3177 | every code point except these 22.) | |
3178 | ||
3179 | Getting this message indicates that the outcome of the match arguably | |
3180 | should have been the opposite of what actually happened. If you think | |
3181 | that is the case, you may wish to make the C<non_unicode> warnings | |
3182 | category fatal; if you agree with Perl's decision, you may wish to turn | |
3183 | off this category. | |
3184 | ||
3185 | See L<perlunicode/Beyond Unicode code points> for more information. | |
3186 | ||
e0e4a6e3 FC |
3187 | =item %s matches null string many times in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in |
3188 | m/%s/ | |
4a5d3a93 FC |
3189 | |
3190 | (W regexp) The pattern you've specified would be an infinite loop if the | |
e0e4a6e3 | 3191 | regular expression engine didn't specifically check for that. The S<<-- HERE> |
9e3ec65c | 3192 | shows whereabouts in the regular expression the problem was discovered. |
4a5d3a93 | 3193 | See L<perlre>. |
f337b084 | 3194 | |
de42a5a9 | 3195 | =item Maximal count of pending signals (%u) exceeded |
2563cec5 | 3196 | |
6903afa2 | 3197 | (F) Perl aborted due to too high a number of signals pending. This |
2563cec5 IZ |
3198 | usually indicates that your operating system tried to deliver signals |
3199 | too fast (with a very high priority), starving the perl process from | |
3200 | resources it would need to reach a point where it can process signals | |
6903afa2 | 3201 | safely. (See L<perlipc/"Deferred Signals (Safe Signals)">.) |
2563cec5 | 3202 | |
25f58aea PN |
3203 | =item "%s" may clash with future reserved word |
3204 | ||
3205 | (W) This warning may be due to running a perl5 script through a perl4 | |
3206 | interpreter, especially if the word that is being warned about is | |
3207 | "use" or "my". | |
3208 | ||
0d2487cd | 3209 | =item '%' may not be used in pack |
6df41af2 GS |
3210 | |
3211 | (F) You can't pack a string by supplying a checksum, because the | |
be771a83 GS |
3212 | checksumming process loses information, and you can't go the other way. |
3213 | See L<perlfunc/unpack>. | |
6df41af2 | 3214 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
3215 | =item Method for operation %s not found in package %s during blessing |
3216 | ||
3217 | (F) An attempt was made to specify an entry in an overloading table that | |
e7ea3e70 | 3218 | doesn't resolve to a valid subroutine. See L<overload>. |
a0d0e21e | 3219 | |
3cdd684c TP |
3220 | =item Method %s not permitted |
3221 | ||
3222 | See Server error. | |
3223 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
3224 | =item Might be a runaway multi-line %s string starting on line %d |
3225 | ||
3226 | (S) An advisory indicating that the previous error may have been caused | |
3227 | by a missing delimiter on a string or pattern, because it eventually | |
3228 | ended earlier on the current line. | |
3229 | ||
3230 | =item Misplaced _ in number | |
3231 | ||
d4ced10d JH |
3232 | (W syntax) An underscore (underbar) in a numeric constant did not |
3233 | separate two digits. | |
a0d0e21e | 3234 | |
7baa4690 HS |
3235 | =item Missing argument in %s |
3236 | ||
3664866e AB |
3237 | (W missing) You called a function with fewer arguments than other |
3238 | arguments you supplied indicated would be needed. | |
3239 | ||
3240 | Currently only emitted when a printf-type format required more | |
3241 | arguments than were supplied, but might be used in the future for | |
3242 | other cases where we can statically determine that arguments to | |
3243 | functions are missing, e.g. for the L<perlfunc/pack> function. | |
7baa4690 | 3244 | |
9e81e6a1 RGS |
3245 | =item Missing argument to -%c |
3246 | ||
3247 | (F) The argument to the indicated command line switch must follow | |
3248 | immediately after the switch, without intervening spaces. | |
3249 | ||
ff3f963a | 3250 | =item Missing braces on \N{} |
423cee85 | 3251 | |
e0e4a6e3 | 3252 | =item Missing braces on \N{} in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
aec0ef10 | 3253 | |
4a2d328f | 3254 | (F) Wrong syntax of character name literal C<\N{charname}> within |
532cb70d FC |
3255 | double-quotish context. This can also happen when there is a space |
3256 | (or comment) between the C<\N> and the C<{> in a regex with the C</x> modifier. | |
3257 | This modifier does not change the requirement that the brace immediately | |
3258 | follow the C<\N>. | |
423cee85 | 3259 | |
f0a2b745 KW |
3260 | =item Missing braces on \o{} |
3261 | ||
3262 | (F) A C<\o> must be followed immediately by a C<{> in double-quotish context. | |
3263 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
3264 | =item Missing comma after first argument to %s function |
3265 | ||
3266 | (F) While certain functions allow you to specify a filehandle or an | |
3267 | "indirect object" before the argument list, this ain't one of them. | |
3268 | ||
06eaf0bc GS |
3269 | =item Missing command in piped open |
3270 | ||
be771a83 GS |
3271 | (W pipe) You used the C<open(FH, "| command")> or |
3272 | C<open(FH, "command |")> construction, but the command was missing or | |
3273 | blank. | |
06eaf0bc | 3274 | |
961ce445 RGS |
3275 | =item Missing control char name in \c |
3276 | ||
3277 | (F) A double-quoted string ended with "\c", without the required control | |
3278 | character name. | |
3279 | ||
591f5ca2 FC |
3280 | =item Missing ']' in prototype for %s : %s |
3281 | ||
bfe11873 | 3282 | (W illegalproto) A grouping was started with C<[> but never closed with C<]>. |
591f5ca2 | 3283 | |
8767b1ab | 3284 | =item Missing name in "%s sub" |
6df41af2 | 3285 | |
87444db5 | 3286 | (F) The syntax for lexically scoped subroutines requires that |
be771a83 | 3287 | they have a name with which they can be found. |
6df41af2 GS |
3288 | |
3289 | =item Missing $ on loop variable | |
3290 | ||
be771a83 GS |
3291 | (F) Apparently you've been programming in B<csh> too much. Variables |
3292 | are always mentioned with the $ in Perl, unlike in the shells, where it | |
3293 | can vary from one line to the next. | |
6df41af2 | 3294 | |
cc507455 | 3295 | =item (Missing operator before %s?) |
748a9306 | 3296 | |
56da5a46 RGS |
3297 | (S syntax) This is an educated guess made in conjunction with the message |
3298 | "%s found where operator expected". Often the missing operator is a comma. | |
748a9306 | 3299 | |
f51551f7 FC |
3300 | =item Missing or undefined argument to require |
3301 | ||
3302 | (F) You tried to call require with no argument or with an undefined | |
3303 | value as an argument. Require expects either a package name or a | |
3304 | file-specification as an argument. See L<perlfunc/require>. | |
3305 | ||
e0e4a6e3 | 3306 | =item Missing right brace on \%c{} in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
ab13f0c7 | 3307 | |
ff3f963a KW |
3308 | (F) Missing right brace in C<\x{...}>, C<\p{...}>, C<\P{...}>, or C<\N{...}>. |
3309 | ||
4a68bf9d | 3310 | =item Missing right brace on \N{} or unescaped left brace after \N |
ff3f963a | 3311 | |
d32207c9 FC |
3312 | (F) C<\N> has two meanings. |
3313 | ||
3314 | The traditional one has it followed by a name enclosed in braces, | |
3315 | meaning the character (or sequence of characters) given by that | |
fa816bf3 | 3316 | name. Thus C<\N{ASTERISK}> is another way of writing C<*>, valid in both |
d32207c9 FC |
3317 | double-quoted strings and regular expression patterns. In patterns, |
3318 | it doesn't have the meaning an unescaped C<*> does. | |
3319 | ||
3320 | Starting in Perl 5.12.0, C<\N> also can have an additional meaning (only) | |
3321 | in patterns, namely to match a non-newline character. (This is short | |
3322 | for C<[^\n]>, and like C<.> but is not affected by the C</s> regex modifier.) | |
3323 | ||
3324 | This can lead to some ambiguities. When C<\N> is not followed immediately | |
3325 | by a left brace, Perl assumes the C<[^\n]> meaning. Also, if the braces | |
3326 | form a valid quantifier such as C<\N{3}> or C<\N{5,}>, Perl assumes that this | |
3327 | means to match the given quantity of non-newlines (in these examples, | |
3328 | 3; and 5 or more, respectively). In all other case, where there is a | |
3329 | C<\N{> and a matching C<}>, Perl assumes that a character name is desired. | |
3330 | ||
3331 | However, if there is no matching C<}>, Perl doesn't know if it was | |
3332 | mistakenly omitted, or if C<[^\n]{> was desired, and raises this error. | |
3333 | If you meant the former, add the right brace; if you meant the latter, | |
3334 | escape the brace with a backslash, like so: C<\N\{> | |
ab13f0c7 | 3335 | |
d98d5fff | 3336 | =item Missing right curly or square bracket |
a0d0e21e | 3337 | |
be771a83 GS |
3338 | (F) The lexer counted more opening curly or square brackets than closing |
3339 | ones. As a general rule, you'll find it's missing near the place you | |
3340 | were last editing. | |
a0d0e21e | 3341 | |
6df41af2 GS |
3342 | =item (Missing semicolon on previous line?) |
3343 | ||
56da5a46 RGS |
3344 | (S syntax) This is an educated guess made in conjunction with the message |
3345 | "%s found where operator expected". Don't automatically put a semicolon on | |
6df41af2 GS |
3346 | the previous line just because you saw this message. |
3347 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
3348 | =item Modification of a read-only value attempted |
3349 | ||
3350 | (F) You tried, directly or indirectly, to change the value of a | |
5f05dabc | 3351 | constant. You didn't, of course, try "2 = 1", because the compiler |
a0d0e21e LW |
3352 | catches that. But an easy way to do the same thing is: |
3353 | ||
3354 | sub mod { $_[0] = 1 } | |
3355 | mod(2); | |
3356 | ||
3357 | Another way is to assign to a substr() that's off the end of the string. | |
3358 | ||
c5674021 |
3359 | Yet another way is to assign to a C<foreach> loop I<VAR> when I<VAR> |
3360 | is aliased to a constant in the look I<LIST>: | |
3361 | ||
b7e4ecc1 FC |
3362 | $x = 1; |
3363 | foreach my $n ($x, 2) { | |
3364 | $n *= 2; # modifies the $x, but fails on attempt to | |
3365 | } # modify the 2 | |
c5674021 | 3366 | |
7a4340ed | 3367 | =item Modification of non-creatable array value attempted, %s |
a0d0e21e LW |
3368 | |
3369 | (F) You tried to make an array value spring into existence, and the | |
3370 | subscript was probably negative, even counting from end of the array | |
3371 | backwards. | |
3372 | ||
7a4340ed | 3373 | =item Modification of non-creatable hash value attempted, %s |
a0d0e21e | 3374 | |
be771a83 GS |
3375 | (P) You tried to make a hash value spring into existence, and it |
3376 | couldn't be created for some peculiar reason. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
3377 | |
3378 | =item Module name must be constant | |
3379 | ||
3380 | (F) Only a bare module name is allowed as the first argument to a "use". | |
3381 | ||
be98fb35 | 3382 | =item Module name required with -%c option |
6df41af2 | 3383 | |
be98fb35 GS |
3384 | (F) The C<-M> or C<-m> options say that Perl should load some module, but |
3385 | you omitted the name of the module. Consult L<perlrun> for full details | |
3386 | about C<-M> and C<-m>. | |
6df41af2 | 3387 | |
fe13d51d | 3388 | =item More than one argument to '%s' open |
ed9aa3b7 | 3389 | |
6903afa2 | 3390 | (F) The C<open> function has been asked to open multiple files. This |
ed9aa3b7 SG |
3391 | can happen if you are trying to open a pipe to a command that takes a |
3392 | list of arguments, but have forgotten to specify a piped open mode. | |
3393 | See L<perlfunc/open> for details. | |
3394 | ||
85396b18 FC |
3395 | =item mprotect for COW string %p %u failed with %d |
3396 | ||
3397 | (S) You compiled perl with B<-D>PERL_DEBUG_READONLY_COW (see | |
3398 | L<perlguts/"Copy on Write">), but a shared string buffer | |
3399 | could not be made read-only. | |
3400 | ||
92951bce FC |
3401 | =item mprotect for %p %u failed with %d |
3402 | ||
85396b18 FC |
3403 | (S) You compiled perl with B<-D>PERL_DEBUG_READONLY_OPS (see L<perlhacktips>), |
3404 | but an op tree could not be made read-only. | |
3405 | ||
3406 | =item mprotect RW for COW string %p %u failed with %d | |
3407 | ||
3408 | (S) You compiled perl with B<-D>PERL_DEBUG_READONLY_COW (see | |
3409 | L<perlguts/"Copy on Write">), but a read-only shared string | |
3410 | buffer could not be made mutable. | |
3411 | ||
92951bce FC |
3412 | =item mprotect RW for %p %u failed with %d |
3413 | ||
3414 | (S) You compiled perl with B<-D>PERL_DEBUG_READONLY_OPS (see | |
85396b18 FC |
3415 | L<perlhacktips>), but a read-only op tree could not be made |
3416 | mutable before freeing the ops. | |
92951bce | 3417 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
3418 | =item msg%s not implemented |
3419 | ||
3420 | (F) You don't have System V message IPC on your system. | |
3421 | ||
3422 | =item Multidimensional syntax %s not supported | |
3423 | ||
75b44862 GS |
3424 | (W syntax) Multidimensional arrays aren't written like C<$foo[1,2,3]>. |
3425 | They're written like C<$foo[1][2][3]>, as in C. | |
8b1a09fc | 3426 | |
49704364 | 3427 | =item '/' must follow a numeric type in unpack |
6df41af2 | 3428 | |
49704364 WL |
3429 | (F) You had an unpack template that contained a '/', but this did not |
3430 | follow some unpack specification producing a numeric value. | |
3431 | See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
6df41af2 GS |
3432 | |
3433 | =item "my sub" not yet implemented | |
3434 | ||
be771a83 GS |
3435 | (F) Lexically scoped subroutines are not yet implemented. Don't try |
3436 | that yet. | |
6df41af2 | 3437 | |
a21eb52b FC |
3438 | =item "my" subroutine %s can't be in a package |
3439 | ||
3440 | (F) Lexically scoped subroutines aren't in a package, so it doesn't make | |
3441 | sense to try to declare one with a package qualifier on the front. | |
3442 | ||
5a25739d FC |
3443 | =item "my %s" used in sort comparison |
3444 | ||
3445 | (W syntax) The package variables $a and $b are used for sort comparisons. | |
3446 | You used $a or $b in as an operand to the C<< <=> >> or C<cmp> operator inside a | |
3447 | sort comparison block, and the variable had earlier been declared as a | |
3448 | lexical variable. Either qualify the sort variable with the package | |
3449 | name, or rename the lexical variable. | |
3450 | ||
fd1b7234 | 3451 | =item "my" variable %s can't be in a package |
6df41af2 | 3452 | |
be771a83 GS |
3453 | (F) Lexically scoped variables aren't in a package, so it doesn't make |
3454 | sense to try to declare one with a package qualifier on the front. Use | |
3455 | local() if you want to localize a package variable. | |
09bef843 | 3456 | |
8149aa9f FC |
3457 | =item Name "%s::%s" used only once: possible typo |
3458 | ||
c59aba6c FC |
3459 | (W once) Typographical errors often show up as unique variable |
3460 | names. If you had a good reason for having a unique name, then | |
3461 | just mention it again somehow to suppress the message. The C<our> | |
08a33b6b | 3462 | declaration is also provided for this purpose. |
c59aba6c | 3463 | |
66a1f5ec FC |
3464 | NOTE: This warning detects package symbols that have been used |
3465 | only once. This means lexical variables will never trigger this | |
3466 | warning. It also means that all of the package variables $c, @c, | |
3467 | %c, as well as *c, &c, sub c{}, c(), and c (the filehandle or | |
c59aba6c FC |
3468 | format) are considered the same; if a program uses $c only once |
3469 | but also uses any of the others it will not trigger this warning. | |
3470 | Symbols beginning with an underscore and symbols using special | |
3471 | identifiers (q.v. L<perldata>) are exempt from this warning. | |
8149aa9f | 3472 | |
e0e4a6e3 | 3473 | =item Need exactly 3 octal digits in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
0d0b4b3b KW |
3474 | |
3475 | (F) Within S<C<(?[ ])>>, all constants interpreted as octal need to be | |
3476 | exactly 3 digits long. This helps catch some ambiguities. If your | |
3477 | constant is too short, add leading zeros, like | |
3478 | ||
3479 | (?[ [ \078 ] ]) # Syntax error! | |
3480 | (?[ [ \0078 ] ]) # Works | |
3481 | (?[ [ \007 8 ] ]) # Clearer | |
3482 | ||
3483 | The maximum number this construct can express is C<\777>. If you | |
675fa9ff FC |
3484 | need a larger one, you need to use L<\o{}|perlrebackslash/Octal escapes> instead. If you meant |
3485 | two separate things, you need to separate them: | |
0d0b4b3b KW |
3486 | |
3487 | (?[ [ \7776 ] ]) # Syntax error! | |
3488 | (?[ [ \o{7776} ] ]) # One meaning | |
3489 | (?[ [ \777 6 ] ]) # Another meaning | |
3490 | (?[ [ \777 \006 ] ]) # Still another | |
3491 | ||
49704364 WL |
3492 | =item Negative '/' count in unpack |
3493 | ||
3494 | (F) The length count obtained from a length/code unpack operation was | |
3495 | negative. See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
3496 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
3497 | =item Negative length |
3498 | ||
be771a83 GS |
3499 | (F) You tried to do a read/write/send/recv operation with a buffer |
3500 | length that is less than 0. This is difficult to imagine. | |
a0d0e21e | 3501 | |
ed9aa3b7 SG |
3502 | =item Negative offset to vec in lvalue context |
3503 | ||
3504 | (F) When C<vec> is called in an lvalue context, the second argument must be | |
3505 | greater than or equal to zero. | |
3506 | ||
b3211734 KW |
3507 | =item Negative repeat count does nothing |
3508 | ||
3509 | (W numeric) You tried to execute the | |
3510 | L<C<x>|perlop/Multiplicative Operators> repetition operator fewer than 0 | |
3511 | times, which doesn't make sense. | |
3512 | ||
e0e4a6e3 | 3513 | =item Nested quantifiers in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
a0d0e21e | 3514 | |
6903afa2 | 3515 | (F) You can't quantify a quantifier without intervening parentheses. |
e0e4a6e3 | 3516 | So things like ** or +* or ?* are illegal. The S<<-- HERE> shows |
9e3ec65c | 3517 | whereabouts in the regular expression the problem was discovered. |
a0d0e21e | 3518 | |
7253e4e3 | 3519 | Note that the minimal matching quantifiers, C<*?>, C<+?>, and |
be771a83 | 3520 | C<??> appear to be nested quantifiers, but aren't. See L<perlre>. |
a0d0e21e | 3521 | |
6df41af2 | 3522 | =item %s never introduced |
a0d0e21e | 3523 | |
be771a83 GS |
3524 | (S internal) The symbol in question was declared but somehow went out of |
3525 | scope before it could possibly have been used. | |
a0d0e21e | 3526 | |
2c7d6b9c RGS |
3527 | =item next::method/next::can/maybe::next::method cannot find enclosing method |
3528 | ||
3529 | (F) C<next::method> needs to be called within the context of a | |
3530 | real method in a real package, and it could not find such a context. | |
3531 | See L<mro>. | |
3532 | ||
5a25739d | 3533 | =item \N in a character class must be a named character: \N{...} in regex; |
e0e4a6e3 | 3534 | marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
5a25739d | 3535 | |
32a77fbe FC |
3536 | (F) The new (as of Perl 5.12) meaning of C<\N> as C<[^\n]> is not valid in a |
3537 | bracketed character class, for the same reason that C<.> in a character | |
3538 | class loses its specialness: it matches almost everything, which is | |
3539 | probably not what you want. | |
5a25739d | 3540 | |
8f0cd35a | 3541 | =item \N{} in inverted character class or as a range end-point is restricted to one character in regex; marked |
e0e4a6e3 | 3542 | by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
0b4ce96d | 3543 | |
f3ba6905 FC |
3544 | (F) Named Unicode character escapes (C<\N{...}>) may return a |
3545 | multi-character sequence. Even though a character class is | |
3546 | supposed to match just one character of input, perl will match the | |
3547 | whole thing correctly, except when the class is inverted (C<[^...]>), | |
3548 | or the escape is the beginning or final end point of a range. The | |
3549 | mathematically logical behavior for what matches when inverting | |
3550 | is very different from what people expect, so we have decided to | |
3551 | forbid it. Similarly unclear is what should be generated when the | |
3552 | C<\N{...}> is used as one of the end points of the range, such as in | |
8f0cd35a KW |
3553 | |
3554 | [\x{41}-\N{ARABIC SEQUENCE YEH WITH HAMZA ABOVE WITH AE}] | |
3555 | ||
f3ba6905 FC |
3556 | What is meant here is unclear, as the C<\N{...}> escape is a sequence |
3557 | of code points, so this is made an error. | |
0b4ce96d | 3558 | |
e0e4a6e3 FC |
3559 | =item \N{NAME} must be resolved by the lexer in regex; marked by |
3560 | S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ | |
5a25739d FC |
3561 | |
3562 | (F) When compiling a regex pattern, an unresolved named character or | |
3563 | sequence was encountered. This can happen in any of several ways that | |
3564 | bypass the lexer, such as using single-quotish context, or an extra | |
3565 | backslash in double-quotish: | |
3566 | ||
3567 | $re = '\N{SPACE}'; # Wrong! | |
3568 | $re = "\\N{SPACE}"; # Wrong! | |
3569 | /$re/; | |
3570 | ||
3571 | Instead, use double-quotes with a single backslash: | |
3572 | ||
3573 | $re = "\N{SPACE}"; # ok | |
3574 | /$re/; | |
3575 | ||
3576 | The lexer can be bypassed as well by creating the pattern from smaller | |
3577 | components: | |
3578 | ||
3579 | $re = '\N'; | |
3580 | /${re}{SPACE}/; # Wrong! | |
3581 | ||
3582 | It's not a good idea to split a construct in the middle like this, and | |
3583 | it doesn't work here. Instead use the solution above. | |
3584 | ||
3585 | Finally, the message also can happen under the C</x> regex modifier when the | |
3586 | C<\N> is separated by spaces from the C<{>, in which case, remove the spaces. | |
3587 | ||
3588 | /\N {SPACE}/x; # Wrong! | |
3589 | /\N{SPACE}/x; # ok | |
3590 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
3591 | =item No %s allowed while running setuid |
3592 | ||
be771a83 GS |
3593 | (F) Certain operations are deemed to be too insecure for a setuid or |
3594 | setgid script to even be allowed to attempt. Generally speaking there | |
3595 | will be another way to do what you want that is, if not secure, at least | |
3596 | securable. See L<perlsec>. | |
a0d0e21e | 3597 | |
df758df2 KW |
3598 | =item NO-BREAK SPACE in a charnames alias definition is deprecated |
3599 | ||
3600 | (D deprecated) You defined a character name which contained a no-break | |
3601 | space character. Change it to a regular space. Usually these names are | |
3602 | defined in the C<:alias> import argument to C<use charnames>, but they | |
3603 | could be defined by a translator installed into C<$^H{charnames}>. See | |
3604 | L<charnames/CUSTOM ALIASES>. | |
3605 | ||
6651ba0b FC |
3606 | =item No code specified for -%c |
3607 | ||
3608 | (F) Perl's B<-e> and B<-E> command-line options require an argument. If | |
3609 | you want to run an empty program, pass the empty string as a separate | |
3610 | argument or run a program consisting of a single 0 or 1: | |
3611 | ||
3612 | perl -e "" | |
3613 | perl -e0 | |
3614 | perl -e1 | |
3615 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
3616 | =item No comma allowed after %s |
3617 | ||
6903afa2 FC |
3618 | (F) A list operator that has a filehandle or "indirect object" is |
3619 | not allowed to have a comma between that and the following arguments. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
3620 | Otherwise it'd be just another one of the arguments. |
3621 | ||
6903afa2 FC |
3622 | One possible cause for this is that you expected to have imported |
3623 | a constant to your name space with B<use> or B<import> while no such | |
3624 | importing took place, it may for example be that your operating | |
3625 | system does not support that particular constant. Hopefully you did | |
3626 | use an explicit import list for the constants you expect to see; | |
3627 | please see L<perlfunc/use> and L<perlfunc/import>. While an | |
3628 | explicit import list would probably have caught this error earlier | |
3629 | it naturally does not remedy the fact that your operating system | |
3630 | still does not support that constant. Maybe you have a typo in | |
3631 | the constants of the symbol import list of B<use> or B<import> or in the | |
3632 | constant name at the line where this error was triggered? | |
0a753a76 | 3633 | |
748a9306 LW |
3634 | =item No command into which to pipe on command line |
3635 | ||
be771a83 GS |
3636 | (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl handles its own command line |
3637 | redirection, and found a '|' at the end of the command line, so it | |
3638 | doesn't know where you want to pipe the output from this command. | |
748a9306 | 3639 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
3640 | =item No DB::DB routine defined |
3641 | ||
be771a83 | 3642 | (F) The currently executing code was compiled with the B<-d> switch, but |
f7af5ce1 | 3643 | for some reason the current debugger (e.g. F<perl5db.pl> or a C<Devel::> |
ccafdc96 RGS |
3644 | module) didn't define a routine to be called at the beginning of each |
3645 | statement. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
3646 | |
3647 | =item No dbm on this machine | |
3648 | ||
3649 | (P) This is counted as an internal error, because every machine should | |
5f05dabc | 3650 | supply dbm nowadays, because Perl comes with SDBM. See L<SDBM_File>. |
a0d0e21e | 3651 | |
ccafdc96 | 3652 | =item No DB::sub routine defined |
a0d0e21e | 3653 | |
ccafdc96 RGS |
3654 | (F) The currently executing code was compiled with the B<-d> switch, but |
3655 | for some reason the current debugger (e.g. F<perl5db.pl> or a C<Devel::> | |
3656 | module) didn't define a C<DB::sub> routine to be called at the beginning | |
3657 | of each ordinary subroutine call. | |
a0d0e21e | 3658 | |
6651ba0b FC |
3659 | =item No directory specified for -I |
3660 | ||
3661 | (F) The B<-I> command-line switch requires a directory name as part of the | |
3662 | I<same> argument. Use B<-Ilib>, for instance. B<-I lib> won't work. | |
3663 | ||
c47ff5f1 | 3664 | =item No error file after 2> or 2>> on command line |
748a9306 | 3665 | |
be771a83 GS |
3666 | (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl handles its own command line |
3667 | redirection, and found a '2>' or a '2>>' on the command line, but can't | |
3668 | find the name of the file to which to write data destined for stderr. | |
748a9306 | 3669 | |
49704364 WL |
3670 | =item No group ending character '%c' found in template |
3671 | ||
3672 | (F) A pack or unpack template has an opening '(' or '[' without its | |
6903afa2 | 3673 | matching counterpart. See L<perlfunc/pack>. |
49704364 | 3674 | |
c47ff5f1 | 3675 | =item No input file after < on command line |
748a9306 | 3676 | |
be771a83 GS |
3677 | (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl handles its own command line |
3678 | redirection, and found a '<' on the command line, but can't find the | |
3679 | name of the file from which to read data for stdin. | |
748a9306 | 3680 | |
2c7d6b9c RGS |
3681 | =item No next::method '%s' found for %s |
3682 | ||
3683 | (F) C<next::method> found no further instances of this method name | |
3684 | in the remaining packages of the MRO of this class. If you don't want | |
3685 | it throwing an exception, use C<maybe::next::method> | |
fa816bf3 | 3686 | or C<next::can>. See L<mro>. |
2c7d6b9c | 3687 | |
e0e4a6e3 | 3688 | =item Non-hex character in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
675fa9ff FC |
3689 | |
3690 | (F) In a regular expression, there was a non-hexadecimal character where | |
3691 | a hex one was expected, like | |
3692 | ||
3693 | (?[ [ \xDG ] ]) | |
3694 | (?[ [ \x{DEKA} ] ]) | |
3695 | ||
e0e4a6e3 | 3696 | =item Non-octal character in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
675fa9ff FC |
3697 | |
3698 | (F) In a regular expression, there was a non-octal character where | |
3699 | an octal one was expected, like | |
3700 | ||
3701 | (?[ [ \o{1278} ] ]) | |
3702 | ||
3703 | =item Non-octal character '%c'. Resolved as "%s" | |
3704 | ||
3705 | (W digit) In parsing an octal numeric constant, a character was | |
3706 | unexpectedly encountered that isn't octal. The resulting value | |
3707 | is as indicated. | |
3708 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
3709 | =item "no" not allowed in expression |
3710 | ||
be771a83 GS |
3711 | (F) The "no" keyword is recognized and executed at compile time, and |
3712 | returns no useful value. See L<perlmod>. | |
6df41af2 | 3713 | |
675fa9ff FC |
3714 | =item Non-string passed as bitmask |
3715 | ||
3716 | (W misc) A number has been passed as a bitmask argument to select(). | |
3717 | Use the vec() function to construct the file descriptor bitmasks for | |
3718 | select. See L<perlfunc/select>. | |
3719 | ||
c47ff5f1 | 3720 | =item No output file after > on command line |
748a9306 | 3721 | |
be771a83 GS |
3722 | (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl handles its own command line |
3723 | redirection, and found a lone '>' at the end of the command line, so it | |
3724 | doesn't know where you wanted to redirect stdout. | |
748a9306 | 3725 | |
c47ff5f1 | 3726 | =item No output file after > or >> on command line |
748a9306 | 3727 | |
be771a83 GS |
3728 | (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl handles its own command line |
3729 | redirection, and found a '>' or a '>>' on the command line, but can't | |
3730 | find the name of the file to which to write data destined for stdout. | |
748a9306 | 3731 | |
1ec3e8de GS |
3732 | =item No package name allowed for variable %s in "our" |
3733 | ||
be771a83 GS |
3734 | (F) Fully qualified variable names are not allowed in "our" |
3735 | declarations, because that doesn't make much sense under existing | |
3736 | semantics. Such syntax is reserved for future extensions. | |
1ec3e8de | 3737 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
3738 | =item No Perl script found in input |
3739 | ||
3740 | (F) You called C<perl -x>, but no line was found in the file beginning | |
3741 | with #! and containing the word "perl". | |
3742 | ||
3743 | =item No setregid available | |
3744 | ||
3745 | (F) Configure didn't find anything resembling the setregid() call for | |
3746 | your system. | |
3747 | ||
3748 | =item No setreuid available | |
3749 | ||
3750 | (F) Configure didn't find anything resembling the setreuid() call for | |
3751 | your system. | |
3752 | ||
5a25739d FC |
3753 | =item No such class %s |
3754 | ||
3755 | (F) You provided a class qualifier in a "my", "our" or "state" | |
3756 | declaration, but this class doesn't exist at this point in your program. | |
3757 | ||
e75d1f10 RD |
3758 | =item No such class field "%s" in variable %s of type %s |
3759 | ||
b7e4ecc1 FC |
3760 | (F) You tried to access a key from a hash through the indicated typed |
3761 | variable but that key is not allowed by the package of the same type. | |
3762 | The indicated package has restricted the set of allowed keys using the | |
3763 | L<fields> pragma. | |
e75d1f10 | 3764 | |
3c20a832 SP |
3765 | =item No such hook: %s |
3766 | ||
dc7e5945 FC |
3767 | (F) You specified a signal hook that was not recognized by Perl. |
3768 | Currently, Perl accepts C<__DIE__> and C<__WARN__> as valid signal hooks. | |
3c20a832 | 3769 | |
6df41af2 GS |
3770 | =item No such pipe open |
3771 | ||
3772 | (P) An error peculiar to VMS. The internal routine my_pclose() tried to | |
be771a83 GS |
3773 | close a pipe which hadn't been opened. This should have been caught |
3774 | earlier as an attempt to close an unopened filehandle. | |
6df41af2 | 3775 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
3776 | =item No such signal: SIG%s |
3777 | ||
be771a83 GS |
3778 | (W signal) You specified a signal name as a subscript to %SIG that was |
3779 | not recognized. Say C<kill -l> in your shell to see the valid signal | |
3780 | names on your system. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
3781 | |
3782 | =item Not a CODE reference | |
3783 | ||
3784 | (F) Perl was trying to evaluate a reference to a code value (that is, a | |
3785 | subroutine), but found a reference to something else instead. You can | |
be771a83 GS |
3786 | use the ref() function to find out what kind of ref it really was. See |
3787 | also L<perlref>. | |
a0d0e21e | 3788 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
3789 | =item Not a GLOB reference |
3790 | ||
be771a83 GS |
3791 | (F) Perl was trying to evaluate a reference to a "typeglob" (that is, a |
3792 | symbol table entry that looks like C<*foo>), but found a reference to | |
3793 | something else instead. You can use the ref() function to find out what | |
3794 | kind of ref it really was. See L<perlref>. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
3795 | |
3796 | =item Not a HASH reference | |
3797 | ||
be771a83 GS |
3798 | (F) Perl was trying to evaluate a reference to a hash value, but found a |
3799 | reference to something else instead. You can use the ref() function to | |
3800 | find out what kind of ref it really was. See L<perlref>. | |
a0d0e21e | 3801 | |
6df41af2 GS |
3802 | =item Not an ARRAY reference |
3803 | ||
be771a83 GS |
3804 | (F) Perl was trying to evaluate a reference to an array value, but found |
3805 | a reference to something else instead. You can use the ref() function | |
3806 | to find out what kind of ref it really was. See L<perlref>. | |
6df41af2 | 3807 | |
d4fc4415 FC |
3808 | =item Not an unblessed ARRAY reference |
3809 | ||
3810 | (F) You passed a reference to a blessed array to C<push>, C<shift> or | |
3811 | another array function. These only accept unblessed array references | |
3812 | or arrays beginning explicitly with C<@>. | |
3813 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
3814 | =item Not a SCALAR reference |
3815 | ||
be771a83 GS |
3816 | (F) Perl was trying to evaluate a reference to a scalar value, but found |
3817 | a reference to something else instead. You can use the ref() function | |
3818 | to find out what kind of ref it really was. See L<perlref>. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
3819 | |
3820 | =item Not a subroutine reference | |
3821 | ||
3822 | (F) Perl was trying to evaluate a reference to a code value (that is, a | |
3823 | subroutine), but found a reference to something else instead. You can | |
be771a83 GS |
3824 | use the ref() function to find out what kind of ref it really was. See |
3825 | also L<perlref>. | |
a0d0e21e | 3826 | |
e7ea3e70 | 3827 | =item Not a subroutine reference in overload table |
a0d0e21e LW |
3828 | |
3829 | (F) An attempt was made to specify an entry in an overloading table that | |
8b1a09fc | 3830 | doesn't somehow point to a valid subroutine. See L<overload>. |
a0d0e21e | 3831 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
3832 | =item Not enough arguments for %s |
3833 | ||
3834 | (F) The function requires more arguments than you specified. | |
3835 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
3836 | =item Not enough format arguments |
3837 | ||
be771a83 GS |
3838 | (W syntax) A format specified more picture fields than the next line |
3839 | supplied. See L<perlform>. | |
6df41af2 GS |
3840 | |
3841 | =item %s: not found | |
3842 | ||
be771a83 GS |
3843 | (A) You've accidentally run your script through the Bourne shell instead |
3844 | of Perl. Check the #! line, or manually feed your script into Perl | |
3845 | yourself. | |
6df41af2 | 3846 | |
e0e4a6e3 | 3847 | =item (?[...]) not valid in locale in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
675fa9ff FC |
3848 | |
3849 | (F) C<(?[...])> cannot be used within the scope of a C<S<use locale>> or with | |
3850 | an C</l> regular expression modifier, as that would require deferring | |
3851 | to run-time the calculation of what it should evaluate to, and it is | |
3852 | regex compile-time only. | |
3853 | ||
6df41af2 | 3854 | =item no UTC offset information; assuming local time is UTC |
a0d0e21e | 3855 | |
6df41af2 GS |
3856 | (S) A warning peculiar to VMS. Perl was unable to find the local |
3857 | timezone offset, so it's assuming that local system time is equivalent | |
be771a83 GS |
3858 | to UTC. If it's not, define the logical name |
3859 | F<SYS$TIMEZONE_DIFFERENTIAL> to translate to the number of seconds which | |
3860 | need to be added to UTC to get local time. | |
a0d0e21e | 3861 | |
6df41af2 GS |
3862 | =item NULL OP IN RUN |
3863 | ||
f84fe999 | 3864 | (S debugging) Some internal routine called run() with a null opcode |
be771a83 | 3865 | pointer. |
6df41af2 | 3866 | |
55497cff | 3867 | =item Null picture in formline |
3868 | ||
3869 | (F) The first argument to formline must be a valid format picture | |
3870 | specification. It was found to be empty, which probably means you | |
3871 | supplied it an uninitialized value. See L<perlform>. | |
3872 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
3873 | =item Null realloc |
3874 | ||
3875 | (P) An attempt was made to realloc NULL. | |
3876 | ||
3877 | =item NULL regexp argument | |
3878 | ||
5f05dabc | 3879 | (P) The internal pattern matching routines blew it big time. |
a0d0e21e LW |
3880 | |
3881 | =item NULL regexp parameter | |
3882 | ||
3883 | (P) The internal pattern matching routines are out of their gourd. | |
3884 | ||
fc36a67e | 3885 | =item Number too long |
3886 | ||
be771a83 | 3887 | (F) Perl limits the representation of decimal numbers in programs to |
da75cd15 | 3888 | about 250 characters. You've exceeded that length. Future |
be771a83 GS |
3889 | versions of Perl are likely to eliminate this arbitrary limitation. In |
3890 | the meantime, try using scientific notation (e.g. "1e6" instead of | |
3891 | "1_000_000"). | |
fc36a67e | 3892 | |
f0a2b745 KW |
3893 | =item Number with no digits |
3894 | ||
1043934d | 3895 | (F) Perl was looking for a number but found nothing that looked like |
6903afa2 | 3896 | a number. This happens, for example with C<\o{}>, with no number between |
1043934d | 3897 | the braces. |
f0a2b745 | 3898 | |
252aa082 JH |
3899 | =item Octal number > 037777777777 non-portable |
3900 | ||
75b44862 | 3901 | (W portable) The octal number you specified is larger than 2**32-1 |
be771a83 GS |
3902 | (4294967295) and therefore non-portable between systems. See |
3903 | L<perlport> for more on portability concerns. | |
252aa082 | 3904 | |
30d9c59b Z |
3905 | =item Odd name/value argument for subroutine |
3906 | ||
3907 | (F) A subroutine using a slurpy hash parameter in its signature | |
3908 | received an odd number of arguments to populate the hash. It requires | |
3909 | the arguments to be paired, with the same number of keys as values. | |
3910 | The caller of the subroutine is presumably at fault. Inconveniently, | |
3911 | this error will be reported at the location of the subroutine, not that | |
3912 | of the caller. | |
3913 | ||
6ad11d81 JH |
3914 | =item Odd number of arguments for overload::constant |
3915 | ||
04a80ee0 | 3916 | (W overload) The call to overload::constant contained an odd number of |
6903afa2 | 3917 | arguments. The arguments should come in pairs. |
6ad11d81 | 3918 | |
b21befc1 MG |
3919 | =item Odd number of elements in anonymous hash |
3920 | ||
3921 | (W misc) You specified an odd number of elements to initialize a hash, | |
3922 | which is odd, because hashes come in key/value pairs. | |
3923 | ||
1930e939 | 3924 | =item Odd number of elements in hash assignment |
a0d0e21e | 3925 | |
be771a83 GS |
3926 | (W misc) You specified an odd number of elements to initialize a hash, |
3927 | which is odd, because hashes come in key/value pairs. | |
a0d0e21e | 3928 | |
bbce6d69 | 3929 | =item Offset outside string |
3930 | ||
1fa582fa | 3931 | (F)(W layer) You tried to do a read/write/send/recv/seek operation |
42bc49da | 3932 | with an offset pointing outside the buffer. This is difficult to |
f5a7294f JH |
3933 | imagine. The sole exceptions to this are that zero padding will |
3934 | take place when going past the end of the string when either | |
3935 | C<sysread()>ing a file, or when seeking past the end of a scalar opened | |
0f44b2a5 | 3936 | for I/O (in anticipation of future reads and to imitate the behavior |
1a7a2554 | 3937 | with real files). |
bbce6d69 | 3938 | |
c289d2f7 | 3939 | =item %s() on unopened %s |
2dd78f96 JH |
3940 | |
3941 | (W unopened) An I/O operation was attempted on a filehandle that was | |
3942 | never initialized. You need to do an open(), a sysopen(), or a socket() | |
3943 | call, or call a constructor from the FileHandle package. | |
3944 | ||
96ebfdd7 RK |
3945 | =item -%s on unopened filehandle %s |
3946 | ||
3947 | (W unopened) You tried to invoke a file test operator on a filehandle | |
3948 | that isn't open. Check your control flow. See also L<perlfunc/-X>. | |
3949 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
3950 | =item oops: oopsAV |
3951 | ||
e476b1b5 | 3952 | (S internal) An internal warning that the grammar is screwed up. |
a0d0e21e LW |
3953 | |
3954 | =item oops: oopsHV | |
3955 | ||
e476b1b5 | 3956 | (S internal) An internal warning that the grammar is screwed up. |
a0d0e21e | 3957 | |
abc718f2 RGS |
3958 | =item Opening dirhandle %s also as a file |
3959 | ||
713e2616 | 3960 | (D io, deprecated) You used open() to associate a filehandle to |
abc718f2 RGS |
3961 | a symbol (glob or scalar) that already holds a dirhandle. |
3962 | Although legal, this idiom might render your code confusing | |
3963 | and is deprecated. | |
3964 | ||
3965 | =item Opening filehandle %s also as a directory | |
3966 | ||
28038637 | 3967 | (D io, deprecated) You used opendir() to associate a dirhandle to |
abc718f2 RGS |
3968 | a symbol (glob or scalar) that already holds a filehandle. |
3969 | Although legal, this idiom might render your code confusing | |
3970 | and is deprecated. | |
3971 | ||
e0e4a6e3 FC |
3972 | =item Operand with no preceding operator in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in |
3973 | m/%s/ | |
0d0b4b3b | 3974 | |
675fa9ff | 3975 | (F) You wrote something like |
0d0b4b3b KW |
3976 | |
3977 | (?[ \p{Digit} \p{Thai} ]) | |
3978 | ||
3979 | There are two operands, but no operator giving how you want to combine | |
3980 | them. | |
3981 | ||
a0288114 | 3982 | =item Operation "%s": no method found, %s |
44a8e56a | 3983 | |
be771a83 GS |
3984 | (F) An attempt was made to perform an overloaded operation for which no |
3985 | handler was defined. While some handlers can be autogenerated in terms | |
3986 | of other handlers, there is no default handler for any operation, unless | |
e4aad80d | 3987 | the C<fallback> overloading key is specified to be true. See L<overload>. |
44a8e56a | 3988 | |
5ff1373f | 3989 | =item Operation "%s" returns its argument for non-Unicode code point 0x%X |
9ae3ac1a | 3990 | |
b5af3ad2 FC |
3991 | (S non_unicode) You performed an operation requiring Unicode semantics |
3992 | on a code point that is not in Unicode, so what it should do is not | |
3993 | defined. Perl has chosen to have it do nothing, and warn you. | |
9ae3ac1a KW |
3994 | |
3995 | If the operation shown is "ToFold", it means that case-insensitive | |
3996 | matching in a regular expression was done on the code point. | |
3997 | ||
3998 | If you know what you are doing you can turn off this warning by | |
8457b38f | 3999 | C<no warnings 'non_unicode';>. |
9ae3ac1a | 4000 | |
5ff1373f | 4001 | =item Operation "%s" returns its argument for UTF-16 surrogate U+%X |
9ae3ac1a | 4002 | |
4c2e59a0 | 4003 | (S surrogate) You performed an operation requiring Unicode |
ad94bb39 FC |
4004 | semantics on a Unicode surrogate. Unicode frowns upon the use |
4005 | of surrogates for anything but storing strings in UTF-16, but | |
4006 | semantics are (reluctantly) defined for the surrogates, and | |
4007 | they are to do nothing for this operation. Because the use of | |
4008 | surrogates can be dangerous, Perl warns. | |
9ae3ac1a KW |
4009 | |
4010 | If the operation shown is "ToFold", it means that case-insensitive | |
4011 | matching in a regular expression was done on the code point. | |
4012 | ||
4013 | If you know what you are doing you can turn off this warning by | |
8457b38f | 4014 | C<no warnings 'surrogate';>. |
9ae3ac1a | 4015 | |
748a9306 LW |
4016 | =item Operator or semicolon missing before %s |
4017 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4018 | (S ambiguous) You used a variable or subroutine call where the parser |
4019 | was expecting an operator. The parser has assumed you really meant to | |
4020 | use an operator, but this is highly likely to be incorrect. For | |
4021 | example, if you say "*foo *foo" it will be interpreted as if you said | |
4022 | "*foo * 'foo'". | |
748a9306 | 4023 | |
30d9c59b Z |
4024 | =item Optional parameter lacks default expression |
4025 | ||
4026 | (F) In a subroutine signature, you wrote something like "$a =", making a | |
4027 | named optional parameter without a default value. A nameless optional | |
4028 | parameter is permitted to have no default value, but a named one must | |
4029 | have a specific default. You probably want "$a = undef". | |
4030 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
4031 | =item "our" variable %s redeclared |
4032 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4033 | (W misc) You seem to have already declared the same global once before |
4034 | in the current lexical scope. | |
6df41af2 | 4035 | |
a80b8354 GS |
4036 | =item Out of memory! |
4037 | ||
4038 | (X) The malloc() function returned 0, indicating there was insufficient | |
be771a83 GS |
4039 | remaining memory (or virtual memory) to satisfy the request. Perl has |
4040 | no option but to exit immediately. | |
a80b8354 | 4041 | |
19a52907 JH |
4042 | At least in Unix you may be able to get past this by increasing your |
4043 | process datasize limits: in csh/tcsh use C<limit> and | |
4044 | C<limit datasize n> (where C<n> is the number of kilobytes) to check | |
4045 | the current limits and change them, and in ksh/bash/zsh use C<ulimit -a> | |
4046 | and C<ulimit -d n>, respectively. | |
4047 | ||
6d3b25aa RGS |
4048 | =item Out of memory during %s extend |
4049 | ||
4050 | (X) An attempt was made to extend an array, a list, or a string beyond | |
4051 | the largest possible memory allocation. | |
4052 | ||
6df41af2 | 4053 | =item Out of memory during "large" request for %s |
a0d0e21e | 4054 | |
6df41af2 | 4055 | (F) The malloc() function returned 0, indicating there was insufficient |
6903afa2 | 4056 | remaining memory (or virtual memory) to satisfy the request. However, |
be771a83 GS |
4057 | the request was judged large enough (compile-time default is 64K), so a |
4058 | possibility to shut down by trapping this error is granted. | |
a0d0e21e | 4059 | |
1b979e0a | 4060 | =item Out of memory during request for %s |
a0d0e21e | 4061 | |
1fa582fa | 4062 | (X)(F) The malloc() function returned 0, indicating there was |
be771a83 GS |
4063 | insufficient remaining memory (or virtual memory) to satisfy the |
4064 | request. | |
eff9c6e2 CS |
4065 | |
4066 | The request was judged to be small, so the possibility to trap it | |
4067 | depends on the way perl was compiled. By default it is not trappable. | |
be771a83 GS |
4068 | However, if compiled for this, Perl may use the contents of C<$^M> as an |
4069 | emergency pool after die()ing with this message. In this case the error | |
b022d2d2 IZ |
4070 | is trappable I<once>, and the error message will include the line and file |
4071 | where the failed request happened. | |
55497cff | 4072 | |
1b979e0a IZ |
4073 | =item Out of memory during ridiculously large request |
4074 | ||
4075 | (F) You can't allocate more than 2^31+"small amount" bytes. This error | |
be771a83 GS |
4076 | is most likely to be caused by a typo in the Perl program. e.g., |
4077 | C<$arr[time]> instead of C<$arr[$time]>. | |
1b979e0a | 4078 | |
6df41af2 GS |
4079 | =item Out of memory for yacc stack |
4080 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4081 | (F) The yacc parser wanted to grow its stack so it could continue |
4082 | parsing, but realloc() wouldn't give it more memory, virtual or | |
4083 | otherwise. | |
6df41af2 | 4084 | |
28be1210 TH |
4085 | =item '.' outside of string in pack |
4086 | ||
4087 | (F) The argument to a '.' in your template tried to move the working | |
4088 | position to before the start of the packed string being built. | |
4089 | ||
49704364 | 4090 | =item '@' outside of string in unpack |
6df41af2 | 4091 | |
49704364 | 4092 | (F) You had a template that specified an absolute position outside |
6df41af2 GS |
4093 | the string being unpacked. See L<perlfunc/pack>. |
4094 | ||
f337b084 TH |
4095 | =item '@' outside of string with malformed UTF-8 in unpack |
4096 | ||
4097 | (F) You had a template that specified an absolute position outside | |
6903afa2 | 4098 | the string being unpacked. The string being unpacked was also invalid |
fa816bf3 | 4099 | UTF-8. See L<perlfunc/pack>. |
f337b084 | 4100 | |
7778d804 FC |
4101 | =item overload arg '%s' is invalid |
4102 | ||
4103 | (W overload) The L<overload> pragma was passed an argument it did not | |
4104 | recognize. Did you mistype an operator? | |
4105 | ||
7cb0cfe6 BM |
4106 | =item Overloaded dereference did not return a reference |
4107 | ||
4108 | (F) An object with an overloaded dereference operator was dereferenced, | |
6903afa2 | 4109 | but the overloaded operation did not return a reference. See |
7cb0cfe6 BM |
4110 | L<overload>. |
4111 | ||
4112 | =item Overloaded qr did not return a REGEXP | |
4113 | ||
4114 | (F) An object with a C<qr> overload was used as part of a match, but the | |
6903afa2 | 4115 | overloaded operation didn't return a compiled regexp. See L<overload>. |
7cb0cfe6 | 4116 | |
6df41af2 GS |
4117 | =item %s package attribute may clash with future reserved word: %s |
4118 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4119 | (W reserved) A lowercase attribute name was used that had a |
4120 | package-specific handler. That name might have a meaning to Perl itself | |
4121 | some day, even though it doesn't yet. Perhaps you should use a | |
4122 | mixed-case attribute name, instead. See L<attributes>. | |
6df41af2 | 4123 | |
96ebfdd7 RK |
4124 | =item pack/unpack repeat count overflow |
4125 | ||
4126 | (F) You can't specify a repeat count so large that it overflows your | |
4127 | signed integers. See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
4128 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
4129 | =item page overflow |
4130 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4131 | (W io) A single call to write() produced more lines than can fit on a |
4132 | page. See L<perlform>. | |
a0d0e21e | 4133 | |
6df41af2 GS |
4134 | =item panic: %s |
4135 | ||
4136 | (P) An internal error. | |
4137 | ||
c99a1475 NC |
4138 | =item panic: attempt to call %s in %s |
4139 | ||
4140 | (P) One of the file test operators entered a code branch that calls | |
4141 | an ACL related-function, but that function is not available on this | |
4142 | platform. Earlier checks mean that it should not be possible to | |
4143 | enter this branch on this platform. | |
4144 | ||
d5e473ac SH |
4145 | =item panic: child pseudo-process was never scheduled |
4146 | ||
4147 | (P) A child pseudo-process in the ithreads implementation on Windows | |
4148 | was not scheduled within the time period allowed and therefore was not | |
4149 | able to initialize properly. | |
4150 | ||
5637ef5b | 4151 | =item panic: ck_grep, type=%u |
a0d0e21e LW |
4152 | |
4153 | (P) Failed an internal consistency check trying to compile a grep. | |
4154 | ||
5637ef5b | 4155 | =item panic: ck_split, type=%u |
a0d0e21e LW |
4156 | |
4157 | (P) Failed an internal consistency check trying to compile a split. | |
4158 | ||
5637ef5b | 4159 | =item panic: corrupt saved stack index %ld |
a0d0e21e | 4160 | |
be771a83 GS |
4161 | (P) The savestack was requested to restore more localized values than |
4162 | there are in the savestack. | |
a0d0e21e | 4163 | |
810b8aa5 GS |
4164 | =item panic: del_backref |
4165 | ||
4166 | (P) Failed an internal consistency check while trying to reset a weak | |
4167 | reference. | |
4168 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
4169 | =item panic: die %s |
4170 | ||
4171 | (P) We popped the context stack to an eval context, and then discovered | |
4172 | it wasn't an eval context. | |
4173 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
4174 | =item panic: do_subst |
4175 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4176 | (P) The internal pp_subst() routine was called with invalid operational |
4177 | data. | |
a0d0e21e | 4178 | |
2269b42e | 4179 | =item panic: do_trans_%s |
a0d0e21e | 4180 | |
2269b42e | 4181 | (P) The internal do_trans routines were called with invalid operational |
be771a83 | 4182 | data. |
a0d0e21e | 4183 | |
b7f7fd0b NC |
4184 | =item panic: fold_constants JMPENV_PUSH returned %d |
4185 | ||
10203f38 | 4186 | (P) While attempting folding constants an exception other than an C<eval> |
b7f7fd0b NC |
4187 | failure was caught. |
4188 | ||
255abbe7 | 4189 | =item panic: frexp: %f |
c635e13b | 4190 | |
4191 | (P) The library function frexp() failed, making printf("%f") impossible. | |
4192 | ||
5637ef5b | 4193 | =item panic: goto, type=%u, ix=%ld |
a0d0e21e LW |
4194 | |
4195 | (P) We popped the context stack to a context with the specified label, | |
4196 | and then discovered it wasn't a context we know how to do a goto in. | |
4197 | ||
b0d55c99 FC |
4198 | =item panic: gp_free failed to free glob pointer |
4199 | ||
4200 | (P) The internal routine used to clear a typeglob's entries tried | |
6903afa2 FC |
4201 | repeatedly, but each time something re-created entries in the glob. |
4202 | Most likely the glob contains an object with a reference back to | |
4203 | the glob and a destructor that adds a new object to the glob. | |
b0d55c99 | 4204 | |
5637ef5b | 4205 | =item panic: INTERPCASEMOD, %s |
a0d0e21e LW |
4206 | |
4207 | (P) The lexer got into a bad state at a case modifier. | |
4208 | ||
5637ef5b | 4209 | =item panic: INTERPCONCAT, %s |
a0d0e21e LW |
4210 | |
4211 | (P) The lexer got into a bad state parsing a string with brackets. | |
4212 | ||
e446cec8 IZ |
4213 | =item panic: kid popen errno read |
4214 | ||
1f91b9f5 | 4215 | (F) A forked child returned an incomprehensible message about its errno. |
e446cec8 | 4216 | |
5637ef5b | 4217 | =item panic: last, type=%u |
a0d0e21e LW |
4218 | |
4219 | (P) We popped the context stack to a block context, and then discovered | |
4220 | it wasn't a block context. | |
4221 | ||
4222 | =item panic: leave_scope clearsv | |
4223 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4224 | (P) A writable lexical variable became read-only somehow within the |
4225 | scope. | |
a0d0e21e | 4226 | |
5637ef5b | 4227 | =item panic: leave_scope inconsistency %u |
a0d0e21e LW |
4228 | |
4229 | (P) The savestack probably got out of sync. At least, there was an | |
4230 | invalid enum on the top of it. | |
4231 | ||
810b8aa5 GS |
4232 | =item panic: magic_killbackrefs |
4233 | ||
4234 | (P) Failed an internal consistency check while trying to reset all weak | |
4235 | references to an object. | |
4236 | ||
5637ef5b | 4237 | =item panic: malloc, %s |
6df41af2 GS |
4238 | |
4239 | (P) Something requested a negative number of bytes of malloc. | |
4240 | ||
27d5b266 JH |
4241 | =item panic: memory wrap |
4242 | ||
46f9c2c2 FC |
4243 | (P) Something tried to allocate either more memory than possible or a |
4244 | negative amount. | |
27d5b266 | 4245 | |
5637ef5b | 4246 | =item panic: pad_alloc, %p!=%p |
a0d0e21e LW |
4247 | |
4248 | (P) The compiler got confused about which scratch pad it was allocating | |
4249 | and freeing temporaries and lexicals from. | |
4250 | ||
5637ef5b | 4251 | =item panic: pad_free curpad, %p!=%p |
a0d0e21e LW |
4252 | |
4253 | (P) The compiler got confused about which scratch pad it was allocating | |
4254 | and freeing temporaries and lexicals from. | |
4255 | ||
4256 | =item panic: pad_free po | |
4257 | ||
c1bd5aaa | 4258 | (P) A zero scratch pad offset was detected internally. An attempt was |
61a9f070 | 4259 | made to free a target that had not been allocated to begin with. |
a0d0e21e | 4260 | |
5637ef5b | 4261 | =item panic: pad_reset curpad, %p!=%p |
a0d0e21e LW |
4262 | |
4263 | (P) The compiler got confused about which scratch pad it was allocating | |
4264 | and freeing temporaries and lexicals from. | |
4265 | ||
4266 | =item panic: pad_sv po | |
4267 | ||
61a9f070 FC |
4268 | (P) A zero scratch pad offset was detected internally. Most likely |
4269 | an operator needed a target but that target had not been allocated | |
4270 | for whatever reason. | |
a0d0e21e | 4271 | |
5637ef5b | 4272 | =item panic: pad_swipe curpad, %p!=%p |
a0d0e21e LW |
4273 | |
4274 | (P) The compiler got confused about which scratch pad it was allocating | |
4275 | and freeing temporaries and lexicals from. | |
4276 | ||
4277 | =item panic: pad_swipe po | |
4278 | ||
4279 | (P) An invalid scratch pad offset was detected internally. | |
4280 | ||
5637ef5b | 4281 | =item panic: pp_iter, type=%u |
a0d0e21e LW |
4282 | |
4283 | (P) The foreach iterator got called in a non-loop context frame. | |
4284 | ||
96ebfdd7 RK |
4285 | =item panic: pp_match%s |
4286 | ||
4287 | (P) The internal pp_match() routine was called with invalid operational | |
4288 | data. | |
4289 | ||
5637ef5b | 4290 | =item panic: pp_split, pm=%p, s=%p |
2269b42e JH |
4291 | |
4292 | (P) Something terrible went wrong in setting up for the split. | |
4293 | ||
5637ef5b | 4294 | =item panic: realloc, %s |
a0d0e21e LW |
4295 | |
4296 | (P) Something requested a negative number of bytes of realloc. | |
4297 | ||
ccfb6d2e FC |
4298 | =item panic: reference miscount on nsv in sv_replace() (%d != 1) |
4299 | ||
4300 | (P) The internal sv_replace() function was handed a new SV with a | |
4301 | reference count other than 1. | |
4302 | ||
5637ef5b | 4303 | =item panic: restartop in %s |
a0d0e21e LW |
4304 | |
4305 | (P) Some internal routine requested a goto (or something like it), and | |
4306 | didn't supply the destination. | |
4307 | ||
5637ef5b | 4308 | =item panic: return, type=%u |
a0d0e21e LW |
4309 | |
4310 | (P) We popped the context stack to a subroutine or eval context, and | |
4311 | then discovered it wasn't a subroutine or eval context. | |
4312 | ||
5637ef5b | 4313 | =item panic: scan_num, %s |
a0d0e21e LW |
4314 | |
4315 | (P) scan_num() got called on something that wasn't a number. | |
4316 | ||
4599db5f | 4317 | =item panic: Sequence (?{...}): no code block found in regex m/%s/ |
d24ca0c5 | 4318 | |
1f91b9f5 | 4319 | (P) While compiling a pattern that has embedded (?{}) or (??{}) code |
d24ca0c5 DM |
4320 | blocks, perl couldn't locate the code block that should have already been |
4321 | seen and compiled by perl before control passed to the regex compiler. | |
4322 | ||
5a25739d FC |
4323 | =item panic: strxfrm() gets absurd - a => %u, ab => %u |
4324 | ||
4325 | (P) The interpreter's sanity check of the C function strxfrm() failed. | |
4326 | In your current locale the returned transformation of the string "ab" | |
4327 | is shorter than that of the string "a", which makes no sense. | |
4328 | ||
6c65d5f9 NC |
4329 | =item panic: sv_chop %s |
4330 | ||
4331 | (P) The sv_chop() routine was passed a position that is not within the | |
4332 | scalar's string buffer. | |
4333 | ||
5637ef5b | 4334 | =item panic: sv_insert, midend=%p, bigend=%p |
a0d0e21e LW |
4335 | |
4336 | (P) The sv_insert() routine was told to remove more string than there | |
4337 | was string. | |
4338 | ||
4339 | =item panic: top_env | |
4340 | ||
6224f72b | 4341 | (P) The compiler attempted to do a goto, or something weird like that. |
a0d0e21e | 4342 | |
65bca31a NC |
4343 | =item panic: unimplemented op %s (#%d) called |
4344 | ||
a1efa96e FC |
4345 | (P) The compiler is screwed up and attempted to use an op that isn't |
4346 | permitted at run time. | |
65bca31a | 4347 | |
dea0fc0b JH |
4348 | =item panic: utf16_to_utf8: odd bytelen |
4349 | ||
4350 | (P) Something tried to call utf16_to_utf8 with an odd (as opposed | |
64977eb6 | 4351 | to even) byte length. |
dea0fc0b | 4352 | |
e0ea5e2d NC |
4353 | =item panic: utf16_to_utf8_reversed: odd bytelen |
4354 | ||
4355 | (P) Something tried to call utf16_to_utf8_reversed with an odd (as opposed | |
4356 | to even) byte length. | |
4357 | ||
5637ef5b | 4358 | =item panic: yylex, %s |
2f7da168 RK |
4359 | |
4360 | (P) The lexer got into a bad state while processing a case modifier. | |
4361 | ||
78181aa9 KW |
4362 | =item Parentheses missing around "%s" list |
4363 | ||
4364 | (W parenthesis) You said something like | |
4365 | ||
4366 | my $foo, $bar = @_; | |
4367 | ||
4368 | when you meant | |
4369 | ||
4370 | my ($foo, $bar) = @_; | |
4371 | ||
4372 | Remember that "my", "our", "local" and "state" bind tighter than comma. | |
4373 | ||
28ac2b49 Z |
4374 | =item Parsing code internal error (%s) |
4375 | ||
4376 | (F) Parsing code supplied by an extension violated the parser's API in | |
4377 | a detectable way. | |
4378 | ||
9816f121 KW |
4379 | =item Passing malformed UTF-8 to "%s" is deprecated |
4380 | ||
4381 | (D deprecated, utf8) This message indicates a bug either in the Perl | |
4382 | core or in XS code. Such code was trying to find out if a character, | |
4383 | allegedly stored internally encoded as UTF-8, was of a given type, such | |
4384 | as being punctuation or a digit. But the character was not encoded in | |
4385 | legal UTF-8. The C<%s> is replaced by a string that can be used by | |
4386 | knowledgeable people to determine what the type being checked against | |
4387 | was. If C<utf8> warnings are enabled, a further message is raised, | |
4388 | giving details of the malformation. | |
4389 | ||
b9bd8d8c | 4390 | =item Pattern subroutine nesting without pos change exceeded limit in regex |
1a147d38 YO |
4391 | |
4392 | (F) You used a pattern that uses too many nested subpattern calls without | |
6903afa2 FC |
4393 | consuming any text. Restructure the pattern so text is consumed before |
4394 | the nesting limit is exceeded. | |
1a147d38 | 4395 | |
96ebfdd7 RK |
4396 | =item C<-p> destination: %s |
4397 | ||
4398 | (F) An error occurred during the implicit output invoked by the C<-p> | |
4399 | command-line switch. (This output goes to STDOUT unless you've | |
4400 | redirected it with select().) | |
4401 | ||
0ae4a328 FC |
4402 | =item Perl API version %s of %s does not match %s |
4403 | ||
d792985a | 4404 | (F) The XS module in question was compiled against a different incompatible |
0ae4a328 FC |
4405 | version of Perl than the one that has loaded the XS module. |
4406 | ||
8954b91a | 4407 | =item Perl folding rules are not up-to-date for 0x%X; please use the perlbug |
e0e4a6e3 | 4408 | utility to report; in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
d50a4f90 | 4409 | |
6014bd26 JK |
4410 | (S regexp) You used a regular expression with case-insensitive matching, |
4411 | and there is a bug in Perl in which the built-in regular expression | |
4412 | folding rules are not accurate. This may lead to incorrect results. | |
4413 | Please report this as a bug using the L<perlbug> utility. | |
d50a4f90 | 4414 | |
f51551f7 FC |
4415 | =item PerlIO layer ':win32' is experimental |
4416 | ||
4417 | (S experimental::win32_perlio) The C<:win32> PerlIO layer is | |
4418 | experimental. If you want to take the risk of using this layer, | |
4419 | simply disable this warning: | |
4420 | ||
4421 | no warnings "experimental::win32_perlio"; | |
4422 | ||
1109a392 MHM |
4423 | =item Perl_my_%s() not available |
4424 | ||
4425 | (F) Your platform has very uncommon byte-order and integer size, | |
4426 | so it was not possible to set up some or all fixed-width byte-order | |
4427 | conversion functions. This is only a problem when you're using the | |
4428 | '<' or '>' modifiers in (un)pack templates. See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
4429 | ||
6651ba0b FC |
4430 | =item Perl %s required (did you mean %s?)--this is only %s, stopped |
4431 | ||
4432 | (F) The code you are trying to run has asked for a newer version of | |
4433 | Perl than you are running. Perhaps C<use 5.10> was written instead | |
4434 | of C<use 5.010> or C<use v5.10>. Without the leading C<v>, the number is | |
4435 | interpreted as a decimal, with every three digits after the | |
4436 | decimal point representing a part of the version number. So 5.10 | |
4437 | is equivalent to v5.100. | |
4438 | ||
6903f24f | 4439 | =item Perl %s required--this is only %s, stopped |
6d3b25aa RGS |
4440 | |
4441 | (F) The module in question uses features of a version of Perl more | |
4442 | recent than the currently running version. How long has it been since | |
4443 | you upgraded, anyway? See L<perlfunc/require>. | |
4444 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
4445 | =item PERL_SH_DIR too long |
4446 | ||
fa816bf3 | 4447 | (F) An error peculiar to OS/2. PERL_SH_DIR is the directory to find the |
fecfaeb8 | 4448 | C<sh>-shell in. See "PERL_SH_DIR" in L<perlos2>. |
6df41af2 | 4449 | |
96ebfdd7 RK |
4450 | =item PERL_SIGNALS illegal: "%s" |
4451 | ||
806b6d07 | 4452 | (X) See L<perlrun/PERL_SIGNALS> for legal values. |
96ebfdd7 | 4453 | |
6651ba0b FC |
4454 | =item Perls since %s too modern--this is %s, stopped |
4455 | ||
4456 | (F) The code you are trying to run claims it will not run | |
4457 | on the version of Perl you are using because it is too new. | |
4458 | Maybe the code needs to be updated, or maybe it is simply | |
4459 | wrong and the version check should just be removed. | |
4460 | ||
675fa9ff FC |
4461 | =item perl: warning: Non hex character in '$ENV{PERL_HASH_SEED}', seed only partially set |
4462 | ||
ff9c1ae8 | 4463 | (S) PERL_HASH_SEED should match /^\s*(?:0x)?[0-9a-fA-F]+\s*\z/ but it |
675fa9ff FC |
4464 | contained a non hex character. This could mean you are not using the |
4465 | hash seed you think you are. | |
6a5b4183 | 4466 | |
6df41af2 GS |
4467 | =item perl: warning: Setting locale failed. |
4468 | ||
4469 | (S) The whole warning message will look something like: | |
4470 | ||
4471 | perl: warning: Setting locale failed. | |
4472 | perl: warning: Please check that your locale settings: | |
4473 | LC_ALL = "En_US", | |
4474 | LANG = (unset) | |
4475 | are supported and installed on your system. | |
4476 | perl: warning: Falling back to the standard locale ("C"). | |
4477 | ||
4478 | Exactly what were the failed locale settings varies. In the above the | |
4479 | settings were that the LC_ALL was "En_US" and the LANG had no value. | |
0ea6b70f JH |
4480 | This error means that Perl detected that you and/or your operating |
4481 | system supplier and/or system administrator have set up the so-called | |
4482 | locale system but Perl could not use those settings. This was not | |
4483 | dead serious, fortunately: there is a "default locale" called "C" that | |
4b07a369 FC |
4484 | Perl can and will use, and the script will be run. Before you really |
4485 | fix the problem, however, you will get the same error message each | |
4486 | time you run Perl. How to really fix the problem can be found in | |
0ea6b70f | 4487 | L<perllocale> section B<LOCALE PROBLEMS>. |
6df41af2 | 4488 | |
6a5b4183 YO |
4489 | =item perl: warning: strange setting in '$ENV{PERL_PERTURB_KEYS}': '%s' |
4490 | ||
ff9c1ae8 | 4491 | (S) Perl was run with the environment variable PERL_PERTURB_KEYS defined |
675fa9ff | 4492 | but containing an unexpected value. The legal values of this setting |
6a5b4183 YO |
4493 | are as follows. |
4494 | ||
4495 | Numeric | String | Result | |
4496 | --------+---------------+----------------------------------------- | |
4497 | 0 | NO | Disables key traversal randomization | |
4498 | 1 | RANDOM | Enables full key traversal randomization | |
555bd962 BG |
4499 | 2 | DETERMINISTIC | Enables repeatable key traversal |
4500 | | | randomization | |
6a5b4183 YO |
4501 | |
4502 | Both numeric and string values are accepted, but note that string values are | |
675fa9ff | 4503 | case sensitive. The default for this setting is "RANDOM" or 1. |
aac486f1 | 4504 | |
bd3fa61c | 4505 | =item pid %x not a child |
748a9306 | 4506 | |
be771a83 GS |
4507 | (W exec) A warning peculiar to VMS. Waitpid() was asked to wait for a |
4508 | process which isn't a subprocess of the current process. While this is | |
4509 | fine from VMS' perspective, it's probably not what you intended. | |
748a9306 | 4510 | |
49704364 | 4511 | =item 'P' must have an explicit size in unpack |
3bf38418 WL |
4512 | |
4513 | (F) The unpack format P must have an explicit size, not "*". | |
4514 | ||
0953b66b FC |
4515 | =item pop on reference is experimental |
4516 | ||
0773cb3e FC |
4517 | (S experimental::autoderef) C<pop> with a scalar argument is experimental |
4518 | and may change or be removed in a future Perl version. If you want to | |
4519 | take the risk of using this feature, simply disable this warning: | |
0953b66b | 4520 | |
d401967c | 4521 | no warnings "experimental::autoderef"; |
0953b66b FC |
4522 | |
4523 | =item POSIX class [:%s:] unknown in regex; marked by S<< <-- HERE in m/%s/ >> | |
96ebfdd7 | 4524 | |
e0e4a6e3 | 4525 | (F) The class in the character class [: :] syntax is unknown. The S<<-- HERE> |
9e3ec65c | 4526 | shows whereabouts in the regular expression the problem was discovered. |
96ebfdd7 RK |
4527 | Note that the POSIX character classes do B<not> have the C<is> prefix |
4528 | the corresponding C interfaces have: in other words, it's C<[[:print:]]>, | |
4529 | not C<isprint>. See L<perlre>. | |
4530 | ||
4531 | =item POSIX getpgrp can't take an argument | |
4532 | ||
4533 | (F) Your system has POSIX getpgrp(), which takes no argument, unlike | |
4534 | the BSD version, which takes a pid. | |
4535 | ||
b33c0c71 | 4536 | =item POSIX syntax [%c %c] belongs inside character classes in regex; marked by |
e0e4a6e3 | 4537 | S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
b45f050a | 4538 | |
9a0b3859 | 4539 | (W regexp) The character class constructs [: :], [= =], and [. .] go |
7253e4e3 RK |
4540 | I<inside> character classes, the [] are part of the construct, for example: |
4541 | /[012[:alpha:]345]/. Note that [= =] and [. .] are not currently | |
9e3ec65c | 4542 | implemented; they are simply placeholders for future extensions and |
e0e4a6e3 | 4543 | will cause fatal errors. The S<<-- HERE> shows whereabouts in the regular |
9e3ec65c | 4544 | expression the problem was discovered. See L<perlre>. |
b45f050a | 4545 | |
6fbc9859 | 4546 | =item POSIX syntax [. .] is reserved for future extensions in regex; marked by |
e0e4a6e3 | 4547 | S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
b45f050a | 4548 | |
a125938c FC |
4549 | (F) Within regular expression character classes ([]) the syntax beginning |
4550 | with "[." and ending with ".]" is reserved for future extensions. If you | |
4551 | need to represent those character sequences inside a regular expression | |
4552 | character class, just quote the square brackets with the backslash: "\[." | |
e0e4a6e3 | 4553 | and ".\]". The S<<-- HERE> shows whereabouts in the regular expression the |
a125938c | 4554 | problem was discovered. See L<perlre>. |
b45f050a | 4555 | |
6fbc9859 | 4556 | =item POSIX syntax [= =] is reserved for future extensions in regex; marked by |
e0e4a6e3 | 4557 | S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
b45f050a | 4558 | |
7253e4e3 RK |
4559 | (F) Within regular expression character classes ([]) the syntax beginning |
4560 | with "[=" and ending with "=]" is reserved for future extensions. If you | |
4561 | need to represent those character sequences inside a regular expression | |
4562 | character class, just quote the square brackets with the backslash: "\[=" | |
e0e4a6e3 | 4563 | and "=\]". The S<<-- HERE> shows whereabouts in the regular expression the |
7253e4e3 | 4564 | problem was discovered. See L<perlre>. |
b45f050a | 4565 | |
bbce6d69 | 4566 | =item Possible attempt to put comments in qw() list |
4567 | ||
e476b1b5 | 4568 | (W qw) qw() lists contain items separated by whitespace; as with literal |
75b44862 | 4569 | strings, comment characters are not ignored, but are instead treated as |
be771a83 GS |
4570 | literal data. (You may have used different delimiters than the |
4571 | parentheses shown here; braces are also frequently used.) | |
bbce6d69 | 4572 | |
774d564b | 4573 | You probably wrote something like this: |
4574 | ||
54310121 | 4575 | @list = qw( |
774d564b | 4576 | a # a comment |
bbce6d69 | 4577 | b # another comment |
774d564b | 4578 | ); |
bbce6d69 | 4579 | |
4580 | when you should have written this: | |
4581 | ||
774d564b | 4582 | @list = qw( |
54310121 | 4583 | a |
4584 | b | |
774d564b | 4585 | ); |
4586 | ||
4587 | If you really want comments, build your list the | |
4588 | old-fashioned way, with quotes and commas: | |
4589 | ||
4590 | @list = ( | |
4591 | 'a', # a comment | |
4592 | 'b', # another comment | |
4593 | ); | |
bbce6d69 | 4594 | |
4595 | =item Possible attempt to separate words with commas | |
4596 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4597 | (W qw) qw() lists contain items separated by whitespace; therefore |
4598 | commas aren't needed to separate the items. (You may have used | |
4599 | different delimiters than the parentheses shown here; braces are also | |
4600 | frequently used.) | |
bbce6d69 | 4601 | |
54310121 | 4602 | You probably wrote something like this: |
bbce6d69 | 4603 | |
774d564b | 4604 | qw! a, b, c !; |
4605 | ||
4606 | which puts literal commas into some of the list items. Write it without | |
4607 | commas if you don't want them to appear in your data: | |
bbce6d69 | 4608 | |
774d564b | 4609 | qw! a b c !; |
bbce6d69 | 4610 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
4611 | =item Possible memory corruption: %s overflowed 3rd argument |
4612 | ||
4613 | (F) An ioctl() or fcntl() returned more than Perl was bargaining for. | |
4614 | Perl guesses a reasonable buffer size, but puts a sentinel byte at the | |
4615 | end of the buffer just in case. This sentinel byte got clobbered, and | |
4616 | Perl assumes that memory is now corrupted. See L<perlfunc/ioctl>. | |
4617 | ||
9da2d046 NT |
4618 | =item Possible precedence issue with control flow operator |
4619 | ||
4620 | (W syntax) There is a possible problem with the mixing of a control | |
4621 | flow operator (e.g. C<return>) and a low-precedence operator like | |
4622 | C<or>. Consider: | |
4623 | ||
4624 | sub { return $a or $b; } | |
4625 | ||
4626 | This is parsed as: | |
4627 | ||
4628 | sub { (return $a) or $b; } | |
4629 | ||
4630 | Which is effectively just: | |
4631 | ||
4632 | sub { return $a; } | |
4633 | ||
4634 | Either use parentheses or the high-precedence variant of the operator. | |
4635 | ||
4636 | Note this may be also triggered for constructs like: | |
4637 | ||
4638 | sub { 1 if die; } | |
4639 | ||
a690c7c4 FC |
4640 | =item Possible precedence problem on bitwise %c operator |
4641 | ||
4642 | (W precedence) Your program uses a bitwise logical operator in conjunction | |
4643 | with a numeric comparison operator, like this : | |
4644 | ||
4645 | if ($x & $y == 0) { ... } | |
4646 | ||
4647 | This expression is actually equivalent to C<$x & ($y == 0)>, due to the | |
4648 | higher precedence of C<==>. This is probably not what you want. (If you | |
4649 | really meant to write this, disable the warning, or, better, put the | |
4650 | parentheses explicitly and write C<$x & ($y == 0)>). | |
4651 | ||
77772344 B |
4652 | =item Possible unintended interpolation of $\ in regex |
4653 | ||
4654 | (W ambiguous) You said something like C<m/$\/> in a regex. | |
4655 | The regex C<m/foo$\s+bar/m> translates to: match the word 'foo', the output | |
8ddb446c | 4656 | record separator (see L<perlvar/$\>) and the letter 's' (one time or more) |
77772344 B |
4657 | followed by the word 'bar'. |
4658 | ||
4659 | If this is what you intended then you can silence the warning by using | |
4660 | C<m/${\}/> (for example: C<m/foo${\}s+bar/>). | |
4661 | ||
4662 | If instead you intended to match the word 'foo' at the end of the line | |
4663 | followed by whitespace and the word 'bar' on the next line then you can use | |
4664 | C<m/$(?)\/> (for example: C<m/foo$(?)\s+bar/>). | |
4665 | ||
e5035638 FC |
4666 | =item Possible unintended interpolation of %s in string |
4667 | ||
ccf3535a | 4668 | (W ambiguous) You said something like '@foo' in a double-quoted string |
6903afa2 | 4669 | but there was no array C<@foo> in scope at the time. If you wanted a |
e5035638 FC |
4670 | literal @foo, then write it as \@foo; otherwise find out what happened |
4671 | to the array you apparently lost track of. | |
4672 | ||
1f25714a FC |
4673 | =item Postfix dereference is experimental |
4674 | ||
4675 | (S experimental::postderef) This warning is emitted if you use | |
4676 | the experimental postfix dereference syntax. Simply suppress the | |
4677 | warning if you want to use the feature, but know that in doing | |
4678 | so you are taking the risk of using an experimental feature which | |
4679 | may change or be removed in a future Perl version: | |
4680 | ||
4681 | no warnings "experimental::postderef"; | |
4682 | use feature "postderef", "postderef_qq"; | |
4683 | $ref->$*; | |
4684 | $aref->@*; | |
4685 | $aref->@[@indices]; | |
4686 | ... etc ... | |
4687 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
4688 | =item Precedence problem: open %s should be open(%s) |
4689 | ||
e476b1b5 | 4690 | (S precedence) The old irregular construct |
cb1a09d0 | 4691 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
4692 | open FOO || die; |
4693 | ||
4694 | is now misinterpreted as | |
4695 | ||
4696 | open(FOO || die); | |
4697 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4698 | because of the strict regularization of Perl 5's grammar into unary and |
4699 | list operators. (The old open was a little of both.) You must put | |
4700 | parentheses around the filehandle, or use the new "or" operator instead | |
4701 | of "||". | |
a0d0e21e | 4702 | |
3cdd684c TP |
4703 | =item Premature end of script headers |
4704 | ||
4705 | See Server error. | |
4706 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
4707 | =item printf() on closed filehandle %s |
4708 | ||
be771a83 | 4709 | (W closed) The filehandle you're writing to got itself closed sometime |
c289d2f7 | 4710 | before now. Check your control flow. |
6df41af2 | 4711 | |
9a7dcd9c | 4712 | =item print() on closed filehandle %s |
a0d0e21e | 4713 | |
be771a83 | 4714 | (W closed) The filehandle you're printing on got itself closed sometime |
c289d2f7 | 4715 | before now. Check your control flow. |
a0d0e21e | 4716 | |
6df41af2 | 4717 | =item Process terminated by SIG%s |
a0d0e21e | 4718 | |
6df41af2 GS |
4719 | (W) This is a standard message issued by OS/2 applications, while *nix |
4720 | applications die in silence. It is considered a feature of the OS/2 | |
4721 | port. One can easily disable this by appropriate sighandlers, see | |
4722 | L<perlipc/"Signals">. See also "Process terminated by SIGTERM/SIGINT" | |
fecfaeb8 | 4723 | in L<perlos2>. |
a0d0e21e | 4724 | |
e0e4a6e3 | 4725 | =item Property '%s' is unknown in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
0d0b4b3b | 4726 | |
675fa9ff | 4727 | (F) The named property which you specified via C<\p> or C<\P> is not one |
0d0b4b3b KW |
4728 | known to Perl. Perhaps you misspelled the name? See |
4729 | L<perluniprops/Properties accessible through \p{} and \P{}> | |
675fa9ff FC |
4730 | for a complete list of available official |
4731 | properties. If it is a L<user-defined property|perlunicode/User-Defined Character Properties> | |
0d0b4b3b KW |
4732 | it must have been defined by the time the regular expression is |
4733 | compiled. | |
4734 | ||
327323c1 RGS |
4735 | =item Prototype after '%c' for %s : %s |
4736 | ||
fa816bf3 FC |
4737 | (W illegalproto) A character follows % or @ in a prototype. This is |
4738 | useless, since % and @ gobble the rest of the subroutine arguments. | |
327323c1 | 4739 | |
3fe9a6f1 | 4740 | =item Prototype mismatch: %s vs %s |
4633a7c4 | 4741 | |
9a0b3859 | 4742 | (S prototype) The subroutine being declared or defined had previously been |
be771a83 | 4743 | declared or defined with a different function prototype. |
4633a7c4 | 4744 | |
ed9aa3b7 SG |
4745 | =item Prototype not terminated |
4746 | ||
2a6fd447 | 4747 | (F) You've omitted the closing parenthesis in a function prototype |
ed9aa3b7 SG |
4748 | definition. |
4749 | ||
eedb00fa PM |
4750 | =item Prototype '%s' overridden by attribute 'prototype(%s)' in %s |
4751 | ||
4752 | (W prototype) A prototype was declared in both the parentheses after | |
4753 | the sub name and via the prototype attribute. The prototype in | |
4754 | parentheses is useless, since it will be replaced by the prototype | |
4755 | from the attribute before it's ever used. | |
4756 | ||
0953b66b FC |
4757 | =item push on reference is experimental |
4758 | ||
0773cb3e FC |
4759 | (S experimental::autoderef) C<push> with a scalar argument is experimental |
4760 | and may change or be removed in a future Perl version. If you want to | |
4761 | take the risk of using this feature, simply disable this warning: | |
0953b66b | 4762 | |
d401967c | 4763 | no warnings "experimental::autoderef"; |
0953b66b FC |
4764 | |
4765 | =item Quantifier follows nothing in regex; marked by S<< <-- HERE in m/%s/ >> | |
96ebfdd7 | 4766 | |
6903afa2 | 4767 | (F) You started a regular expression with a quantifier. Backslash it if |
e0e4a6e3 | 4768 | you meant it literally. The S<<-- HERE> shows whereabouts in the regular |
9e3ec65c | 4769 | expression the problem was discovered. See L<perlre>. |
96ebfdd7 | 4770 | |
e0e4a6e3 FC |
4771 | =item Quantifier in {,} bigger than %d in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in |
4772 | m/%s/ | |
9baa0206 | 4773 | |
6903afa2 | 4774 | (F) There is currently a limit to the size of the min and max values of |
e0e4a6e3 | 4775 | the {min,max} construct. The S<<-- HERE> shows whereabouts in the regular |
9e3ec65c | 4776 | expression the problem was discovered. See L<perlre>. |
9baa0206 | 4777 | |
675fa9ff FC |
4778 | =item Quantifier {n,m} with n > m can't match in regex |
4779 | ||
e0e4a6e3 FC |
4780 | =item Quantifier {n,m} with n > m can't match in regex; marked by |
4781 | S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ | |
675fa9ff FC |
4782 | |
4783 | (W regexp) Minima should be less than or equal to maxima. If you really | |
4784 | want your regexp to match something 0 times, just put {0}. | |
4785 | ||
e1729dc6 | 4786 | =item Quantifier unexpected on zero-length expression in regex m/%s/ |
9baa0206 | 4787 | |
b45f050a JF |
4788 | (W regexp) You applied a regular expression quantifier in a place where |
4789 | it makes no sense, such as on a zero-width assertion. Try putting the | |
4790 | quantifier inside the assertion instead. For example, the way to match | |
4791 | "abc" provided that it is followed by three repetitions of "xyz" is | |
4792 | C</abc(?=(?:xyz){3})/>, not C</abc(?=xyz){3}/>. | |
9baa0206 | 4793 | |
89ea2908 GA |
4794 | =item Range iterator outside integer range |
4795 | ||
4796 | (F) One (or both) of the numeric arguments to the range operator ".." | |
4797 | are outside the range which can be represented by integers internally. | |
be771a83 GS |
4798 | One possible workaround is to force Perl to use magical string increment |
4799 | by prepending "0" to your numbers. | |
89ea2908 | 4800 | |
3b7fbd4a SP |
4801 | =item readdir() attempted on invalid dirhandle %s |
4802 | ||
1a147d38 | 4803 | (W io) The dirhandle you're reading from is either closed or not really |
3b7fbd4a SP |
4804 | a dirhandle. Check your control flow. |
4805 | ||
96ebfdd7 RK |
4806 | =item readline() on closed filehandle %s |
4807 | ||
4808 | (W closed) The filehandle you're reading from got itself closed sometime | |
4809 | before now. Check your control flow. | |
4810 | ||
b5fe5ca2 SR |
4811 | =item read() on closed filehandle %s |
4812 | ||
4813 | (W closed) You tried to read from a closed filehandle. | |
4814 | ||
4815 | =item read() on unopened filehandle %s | |
4816 | ||
4817 | (W unopened) You tried to read from a filehandle that was never opened. | |
4818 | ||
de42a5a9 | 4819 | =item Reallocation too large: %x |
6df41af2 GS |
4820 | |
4821 | (F) You can't allocate more than 64K on an MS-DOS machine. | |
4822 | ||
4ad56ec9 IZ |
4823 | =item realloc() of freed memory ignored |
4824 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4825 | (S malloc) An internal routine called realloc() on something that had |
4826 | already been freed. | |
4ad56ec9 | 4827 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
4828 | =item Recompile perl with B<-D>DEBUGGING to use B<-D> switch |
4829 | ||
19b29141 | 4830 | (S debugging) You can't use the B<-D> option unless the code to produce |
be771a83 | 4831 | the desired output is compiled into Perl, which entails some overhead, |
a0d0e21e LW |
4832 | which is why it's currently left out of your copy. |
4833 | ||
6651ba0b FC |
4834 | =item Recursive call to Perl_load_module in PerlIO_find_layer |
4835 | ||
4836 | (P) It is currently not permitted to load modules when creating | |
4837 | a filehandle inside an %INC hook. This can happen with C<open my | |
4838 | $fh, '<', \$scalar>, which implicitly loads PerlIO::scalar. Try | |
4839 | loading PerlIO::scalar explicitly first. | |
4840 | ||
3e0ccd42 | 4841 | =item Recursive inheritance detected in package '%s' |
a0d0e21e | 4842 | |
2c7d6b9c RGS |
4843 | (F) While calculating the method resolution order (MRO) of a package, Perl |
4844 | believes it found an infinite loop in the C<@ISA> hierarchy. This is a | |
4845 | crude check that bails out after 100 levels of C<@ISA> depth. | |
a0d0e21e | 4846 | |
f51551f7 FC |
4847 | =item Redundant argument in %s |
4848 | ||
4849 | (W redundant) You called a function with more arguments than other | |
3617dbb6 | 4850 | arguments you supplied indicated would be needed. Currently only |
f51551f7 FC |
4851 | emitted when a printf-type format required fewer arguments than were |
4852 | supplied, but might be used in the future for e.g. L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
4853 | ||
12605ff9 FC |
4854 | =item refcnt_dec: fd %d%s |
4855 | ||
2e0cfa16 FC |
4856 | =item refcnt: fd %d%s |
4857 | ||
12605ff9 FC |
4858 | =item refcnt_inc: fd %d%s |
4859 | ||
fa816bf3 | 4860 | (P) Perl's I/O implementation failed an internal consistency check. If |
2e0cfa16 FC |
4861 | you see this message, something is very wrong. |
4862 | ||
1930e939 TP |
4863 | =item Reference found where even-sized list expected |
4864 | ||
be771a83 | 4865 | (W misc) You gave a single reference where Perl was expecting a list |
6903afa2 FC |
4866 | with an even number of elements (for assignment to a hash). This |
4867 | usually means that you used the anon hash constructor when you meant | |
4868 | to use parens. In any case, a hash requires key/value B<pairs>. | |
7b8d334a GS |
4869 | |
4870 | %hash = { one => 1, two => 2, }; # WRONG | |
4871 | %hash = [ qw/ an anon array / ]; # WRONG | |
4872 | %hash = ( one => 1, two => 2, ); # right | |
4873 | %hash = qw( one 1 two 2 ); # also fine | |
4874 | ||
810b8aa5 GS |
4875 | =item Reference is already weak |
4876 | ||
e476b1b5 | 4877 | (W misc) You have attempted to weaken a reference that is already weak. |
810b8aa5 GS |
4878 | Doing so has no effect. |
4879 | ||
e0e4a6e3 | 4880 | =item Reference to invalid group 0 in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
b72d83b2 | 4881 | |
6903afa2 FC |
4882 | (F) You used C<\g0> or similar in a regular expression. You may refer |
4883 | to capturing parentheses only with strictly positive integers | |
4884 | (normal backreferences) or with strictly negative integers (relative | |
4885 | backreferences). Using 0 does not make sense. | |
b72d83b2 | 4886 | |
e0e4a6e3 FC |
4887 | =item Reference to nonexistent group in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in |
4888 | m/%s/ | |
b45f050a JF |
4889 | |
4890 | (F) You used something like C<\7> in your regular expression, but there are | |
6903afa2 | 4891 | not at least seven sets of capturing parentheses in the expression. If |
bbaee129 FC |
4892 | you wanted to have the character with ordinal 7 inserted into the regular |
4893 | expression, prepend zeroes to make it three digits long: C<\007> | |
9baa0206 | 4894 | |
9e3ec65c | 4895 | The <-- HERE shows whereabouts in the regular expression the problem was |
b45f050a | 4896 | discovered. |
9baa0206 | 4897 | |
e0e4a6e3 FC |
4898 | =item Reference to nonexistent named group in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> |
4899 | in m/%s/ | |
1a147d38 YO |
4900 | |
4901 | (F) You used something like C<\k'NAME'> or C<< \k<NAME> >> in your regular | |
9381611c | 4902 | expression, but there is no corresponding named capturing parentheses |
6903afa2 | 4903 | such as C<(?'NAME'...)> or C<< (?<NAME>...) >>. Check if the name has been |
9381611c | 4904 | spelled correctly both in the backreference and the declaration. |
1a147d38 | 4905 | |
9e3ec65c | 4906 | The <-- HERE shows whereabouts in the regular expression the problem was |
1a147d38 YO |
4907 | discovered. |
4908 | ||
e0e4a6e3 FC |
4909 | =item Reference to nonexistent or unclosed group in regex; marked by |
4910 | S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ | |
1a147d38 | 4911 | |
bcb95744 FC |
4912 | (F) You used something like C<\g{-7}> in your regular expression, but there |
4913 | are not at least seven sets of closed capturing parentheses in the | |
4914 | expression before where the C<\g{-7}> was located. | |
1a147d38 | 4915 | |
9e3ec65c | 4916 | The <-- HERE shows whereabouts in the regular expression the problem was |
1a147d38 YO |
4917 | discovered. |
4918 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
4919 | =item regexp memory corruption |
4920 | ||
4921 | (P) The regular expression engine got confused by what the regular | |
4922 | expression compiler gave it. | |
4923 | ||
ff3f26d2 KW |
4924 | =item Regexp modifier "/%c" may appear a maximum of twice |
4925 | ||
4d910168 | 4926 | =item Regexp modifier "%c" may appear a maximum of twice in regex; marked |
e0e4a6e3 | 4927 | by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
4d910168 | 4928 | |
ce170e67 | 4929 | (F) The regular expression pattern had too many occurrences |
ff3f26d2 | 4930 | of the specified modifier. Remove the extraneous ones. |
3955e1a9 | 4931 | |
6fbc9859 MH |
4932 | =item Regexp modifier "%c" may not appear after the "-" in regex; marked by <-- |
4933 | HERE in m/%s/ | |
9442e3b8 | 4934 | |
f8b5bc72 FC |
4935 | (F) Turning off the given modifier has the side effect of turning on |
4936 | another one. Perl currently doesn't allow this. Reword the regular | |
9442e3b8 KW |
4937 | expression to use the modifier you want to turn on (and place it before |
4938 | the minus), instead of the one you want to turn off. | |
4939 | ||
591f5ca2 FC |
4940 | =item Regexp modifier "/%c" may not appear twice |
4941 | ||
4d910168 FC |
4942 | =item Regexp modifier "%c" may not appear twice in regex; marked by <-- |
4943 | HERE in m/%s/ | |
4944 | ||
ce170e67 | 4945 | (F) The regular expression pattern had too many occurrences |
591f5ca2 FC |
4946 | of the specified modifier. Remove the extraneous ones. |
4947 | ||
3955e1a9 KW |
4948 | =item Regexp modifiers "/%c" and "/%c" are mutually exclusive |
4949 | ||
4d910168 | 4950 | =item Regexp modifiers "%c" and "%c" are mutually exclusive in regex; |
e0e4a6e3 | 4951 | marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
4d910168 | 4952 | |
ce170e67 | 4953 | (F) The regular expression pattern had more than one of these |
3955e1a9 KW |
4954 | mutually exclusive modifiers. Retain only the modifier that is |
4955 | supposed to be there. | |
4956 | ||
aec0ef10 | 4957 | =item Regexp out of space in regex m/%s/ |
a0d0e21e | 4958 | |
be771a83 GS |
4959 | (P) A "can't happen" error, because safemalloc() should have caught it |
4960 | earlier. | |
a0d0e21e | 4961 | |
a7f533cb | 4962 | =item Repeated format line will never terminate (~~ and @#) |
a1b95068 | 4963 | |
d7f8936a | 4964 | (F) Your format contains the ~~ repeat-until-blank sequence and a |
a1b95068 | 4965 | numeric field that will never go blank so that the repetition never |
6903afa2 | 4966 | terminates. You might use ^# instead. See L<perlform>. |
a1b95068 | 4967 | |
b08e453b RB |
4968 | =item Replacement list is longer than search list |
4969 | ||
4970 | (W misc) You have used a replacement list that is longer than the | |
fa816bf3 | 4971 | search list. So the additional elements in the replacement list |
b08e453b RB |
4972 | are meaningless. |
4973 | ||
5e0a247b KW |
4974 | =item '%s' resolved to '\o{%s}%d' |
4975 | ||
4976 | (W misc, regexp) You wrote something like C<\08>, or C<\179> in a | |
4977 | double-quotish string. All but the last digit is treated as a single | |
4978 | character, specified in octal. The last digit is the next character in | |
4979 | the string. To tell Perl that this is indeed what you want, you can use | |
4980 | the C<\o{ }> syntax, or use exactly three digits to specify the octal | |
4981 | for the character. | |
4982 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
4983 | =item Reversed %s= operator |
4984 | ||
be771a83 | 4985 | (W syntax) You wrote your assignment operator backwards. The = must |
964742a1 | 4986 | always come last, to avoid ambiguity with subsequent unary operators. |
a0d0e21e | 4987 | |
abc7ecad SP |
4988 | =item rewinddir() attempted on invalid dirhandle %s |
4989 | ||
1b303a7d FC |
4990 | (W io) The dirhandle you tried to do a rewinddir() on is either closed |
4991 | or not really a dirhandle. Check your control flow. | |
abc7ecad | 4992 | |
96ebfdd7 RK |
4993 | =item Scalars leaked: %d |
4994 | ||
7bd1381d | 4995 | (S internal) Something went wrong in Perl's internal bookkeeping |
4f5966a5 FC |
4996 | of scalars: not all scalar variables were deallocated by the time |
4997 | Perl exited. What this usually indicates is a memory leak, which | |
4998 | is of course bad, especially if the Perl program is intended to be | |
4999 | long-running. | |
96ebfdd7 | 5000 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
5001 | =item Scalar value @%s[%s] better written as $%s[%s] |
5002 | ||
be771a83 GS |
5003 | (W syntax) You've used an array slice (indicated by @) to select a |
5004 | single element of an array. Generally it's better to ask for a scalar | |
5005 | value (indicated by $). The difference is that C<$foo[&bar]> always | |
5006 | behaves like a scalar, both when assigning to it and when evaluating its | |
5007 | argument, while C<@foo[&bar]> behaves like a list when you assign to it, | |
5008 | and provides a list context to its subscript, which can do weird things | |
5009 | if you're expecting only one subscript. | |
a0d0e21e | 5010 | |
748a9306 | 5011 | On the other hand, if you were actually hoping to treat the array |
5f05dabc | 5012 | element as a list, you need to look into how references work, because |
748a9306 LW |
5013 | Perl will not magically convert between scalars and lists for you. See |
5014 | L<perlref>. | |
5015 | ||
a6006777 | 5016 | =item Scalar value @%s{%s} better written as $%s{%s} |
5017 | ||
75b44862 | 5018 | (W syntax) You've used a hash slice (indicated by @) to select a single |
be771a83 GS |
5019 | element of a hash. Generally it's better to ask for a scalar value |
5020 | (indicated by $). The difference is that C<$foo{&bar}> always behaves | |
5021 | like a scalar, both when assigning to it and when evaluating its | |
5022 | argument, while C<@foo{&bar}> behaves like a list when you assign to it, | |
5023 | and provides a list context to its subscript, which can do weird things | |
5024 | if you're expecting only one subscript. | |
5025 | ||
5026 | On the other hand, if you were actually hoping to treat the hash element | |
5027 | as a list, you need to look into how references work, because Perl will | |
5028 | not magically convert between scalars and lists for you. See | |
a6006777 | 5029 | L<perlref>. |
5030 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
5031 | =item Search pattern not terminated |
5032 | ||
5033 | (F) The lexer couldn't find the final delimiter of a // or m{} | |
5034 | construct. Remember that bracketing delimiters count nesting level. | |
fb73857a | 5035 | Missing the leading C<$> from a variable C<$m> may cause this error. |
a0d0e21e | 5036 | |
ea9d9ebc | 5037 | Note that since Perl 5.10.0 a // can also be the I<defined-or> |
5d9c98cd | 5038 | construct, not just the empty search pattern. Therefore code written |
ea9d9ebc FC |
5039 | in Perl 5.10.0 or later that uses the // as the I<defined-or> can be |
5040 | misparsed by pre-5.10.0 Perls as a non-terminated search pattern. | |
5d9c98cd | 5041 | |
abc7ecad SP |
5042 | =item seekdir() attempted on invalid dirhandle %s |
5043 | ||
5044 | (W io) The dirhandle you are doing a seekdir() on is either closed or not | |
5045 | really a dirhandle. Check your control flow. | |
5046 | ||
3257ea4f FC |
5047 | =item %sseek() on unopened filehandle |
5048 | ||
5049 | (W unopened) You tried to use the seek() or sysseek() function on a | |
5050 | filehandle that was either never opened or has since been closed. | |
5051 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
5052 | =item select not implemented |
5053 | ||
5054 | (F) This machine doesn't implement the select() system call. | |
5055 | ||
ae21d580 | 5056 | =item Self-ties of arrays and hashes are not supported |
68a4a7e4 | 5057 | |
ae21d580 JH |
5058 | (F) Self-ties are of arrays and hashes are not supported in |
5059 | the current implementation. | |
68a4a7e4 | 5060 | |
6df41af2 | 5061 | =item Semicolon seems to be missing |
a0d0e21e | 5062 | |
75b44862 GS |
5063 | (W semicolon) A nearby syntax error was probably caused by a missing |
5064 | semicolon, or possibly some other missing operator, such as a comma. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
5065 | |
5066 | =item semi-panic: attempt to dup freed string | |
5067 | ||
be771a83 GS |
5068 | (S internal) The internal newSVsv() routine was called to duplicate a |
5069 | scalar that had previously been marked as free. | |
a0d0e21e | 5070 | |
6df41af2 | 5071 | =item sem%s not implemented |
a0d0e21e | 5072 | |
6df41af2 | 5073 | (F) You don't have System V semaphore IPC on your system. |
a0d0e21e | 5074 | |
69282e91 | 5075 | =item send() on closed socket %s |
a0d0e21e | 5076 | |
be771a83 | 5077 | (W closed) The socket you're sending to got itself closed sometime |
c289d2f7 | 5078 | before now. Check your control flow. |
a0d0e21e | 5079 | |
0ae4a328 FC |
5080 | =item Sequence "\c{" invalid |
5081 | ||
5082 | (F) These three characters may not appear in sequence in a | |
5083 | double-quotish context. This message is raised only on non-ASCII | |
5084 | platforms (a different error message is output on ASCII ones). If you | |
5085 | were intending to specify a control character with this sequence, you'll | |
5086 | have to use a different way to specify it. | |
5087 | ||
e0e4a6e3 | 5088 | =item Sequence (? incomplete in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
7b8d334a | 5089 | |
6903afa2 | 5090 | (F) A regular expression ended with an incomplete extension (?. The |
e0e4a6e3 | 5091 | S<<-- HERE> shows whereabouts in the regular expression the problem was |
6903afa2 | 5092 | discovered. See L<perlre>. |
1b1626e4 | 5093 | |
e0e4a6e3 FC |
5094 | =item Sequence (?%c...) not implemented in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in |
5095 | m/%s/ | |
a0d0e21e | 5096 | |
6903afa2 | 5097 | (F) A proposed regular expression extension has the character reserved |
e0e4a6e3 | 5098 | but has not yet been written. The S<<-- HERE> shows whereabouts in the |
9e3ec65c | 5099 | regular expression the problem was discovered. See L<perlre>. |
b45f050a | 5100 | |
e0e4a6e3 FC |
5101 | =item Sequence (?%s...) not recognized in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in |
5102 | m/%s/ | |
a0d0e21e | 5103 | |
d921c7bf | 5104 | (F) You used a regular expression extension that doesn't make sense. |
e0e4a6e3 | 5105 | The S<<-- HERE> shows whereabouts in the regular expression the problem was |
d921c7bf | 5106 | discovered. This may happen when using the C<(?^...)> construct to tell |
fb85c044 | 5107 | Perl to use the default regular expression modifiers, and you |
9442e3b8 | 5108 | redundantly specify a default modifier. For other |
9de15fec | 5109 | causes, see L<perlre>. |
a0d0e21e | 5110 | |
aec0ef10 | 5111 | =item Sequence (?#... not terminated in regex m/%s/ |
6df41af2 GS |
5112 | |
5113 | (F) A regular expression comment must be terminated by a closing | |
aec0ef10 | 5114 | parenthesis. Embedded parentheses aren't allowed. See |
7253e4e3 | 5115 | L<perlre>. |
6df41af2 | 5116 | |
07ea66ee FC |
5117 | =item Sequence (?&... not terminated in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in |
5118 | m/%s/ | |
5119 | ||
5120 | (F) A named reference of the form C<(?&...)> was missing the final | |
5121 | closing parenthesis after the name. The S<<-- HERE> shows whereabouts | |
5122 | in the regular expression the problem was discovered. | |
5123 | ||
e0e4a6e3 | 5124 | =item Sequence (?%c... not terminated in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> |
4599db5f FC |
5125 | in m/%s/ |
5126 | ||
5127 | (F) A named group of the form C<(?'...')> or C<< (?<...>) >> was missing the final | |
e0e4a6e3 | 5128 | closing quote or angle bracket. The S<<-- HERE> shows whereabouts in the |
4599db5f FC |
5129 | regular expression the problem was discovered. |
5130 | ||
e0e4a6e3 | 5131 | =item Sequence (?(%c... not terminated in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> |
4599db5f FC |
5132 | in m/%s/ |
5133 | ||
5134 | (F) A named reference of the form C<(?('...')...)> or C<< (?(<...>)...) >> was | |
5135 | missing the final closing quote or angle bracket after the name. The | |
e0e4a6e3 | 5136 | S<<-- HERE> shows whereabouts in the regular expression the problem was |
4599db5f FC |
5137 | discovered. |
5138 | ||
e0e4a6e3 FC |
5139 | =item Sequence \%s... not terminated in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in |
5140 | m/%s/ | |
5a25739d FC |
5141 | |
5142 | (F) The regular expression expects a mandatory argument following the escape | |
5143 | sequence and this has been omitted or incorrectly written. | |
5144 | ||
9da1dd8f DM |
5145 | =item Sequence (?{...}) not terminated with ')' |
5146 | ||
be149b43 DM |
5147 | (F) The end of the perl code contained within the {...} must be |
5148 | followed immediately by a ')'. | |
9da1dd8f | 5149 | |
e0e4a6e3 FC |
5150 | =item Sequence ?P=... not terminated in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in |
5151 | m/%s/ | |
4599db5f FC |
5152 | |
5153 | (F) A named reference of the form C<(?P=...)> was missing the final | |
e0e4a6e3 | 5154 | closing parenthesis after the name. The S<<-- HERE> shows whereabouts |
4599db5f FC |
5155 | in the regular expression the problem was discovered. |
5156 | ||
5157 | =item Sequence (?R) not terminated in regex m/%s/ | |
5158 | ||
5159 | (F) An C<(?R)> or C<(?0)> sequence in a regular expression was missing the | |
5160 | final parenthesis. | |
5161 | ||
3d6c5fec | 5162 | =item Server error (a.k.a. "500 Server error") |
a5f75d66 | 5163 | |
6903afa2 FC |
5164 | (A) This is the error message generally seen in a browser window |
5165 | when trying to run a CGI program (including SSI) over the web. The | |
5166 | actual error text varies widely from server to server. The most | |
5167 | frequently-seen variants are "500 Server error", "Method (something) | |
5168 | not permitted", "Document contains no data", "Premature end of script | |
5169 | headers", and "Did not produce a valid header". | |
9607fc9c | 5170 | |
5171 | B<This is a CGI error, not a Perl error>. | |
5172 | ||
6903afa2 FC |
5173 | You need to make sure your script is executable, is accessible by |
5174 | the user CGI is running the script under (which is probably not the | |
5175 | user account you tested it under), does not rely on any environment | |
5176 | variables (like PATH) from the user it isn't running under, and isn't | |
5177 | in a location where the CGI server can't find it, basically, more or | |
5178 | less. Please see the following for more information: | |
9607fc9c | 5179 | |
06a5f41f JH |
5180 | http://www.perl.org/CGI_MetaFAQ.html |
5181 | http://www.htmlhelp.org/faq/cgifaq.html | |
5182 | http://www.w3.org/Security/Faq/ | |
a5f75d66 | 5183 | |
be94a901 GS |
5184 | You should also look at L<perlfaq9>. |
5185 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
5186 | =item setegid() not implemented |
5187 | ||
be771a83 GS |
5188 | (F) You tried to assign to C<$)>, and your operating system doesn't |
5189 | support the setegid() system call (or equivalent), or at least Configure | |
5190 | didn't think so. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
5191 | |
5192 | =item seteuid() not implemented | |
5193 | ||
be771a83 GS |
5194 | (F) You tried to assign to C<< $> >>, and your operating system doesn't |
5195 | support the seteuid() system call (or equivalent), or at least Configure | |
5196 | didn't think so. | |
a0d0e21e | 5197 | |
81777298 GS |
5198 | =item setpgrp can't take arguments |
5199 | ||
be771a83 GS |
5200 | (F) Your system has the setpgrp() from BSD 4.2, which takes no |
5201 | arguments, unlike POSIX setpgid(), which takes a process ID and process | |
5202 | group ID. | |
81777298 | 5203 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
5204 | =item setrgid() not implemented |
5205 | ||
be771a83 GS |
5206 | (F) You tried to assign to C<$(>, and your operating system doesn't |
5207 | support the setrgid() system call (or equivalent), or at least Configure | |
5208 | didn't think so. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
5209 | |
5210 | =item setruid() not implemented | |
5211 | ||
be771a83 GS |
5212 | (F) You tried to assign to C<$<>, and your operating system doesn't |
5213 | support the setruid() system call (or equivalent), or at least Configure | |
5214 | didn't think so. | |
a0d0e21e | 5215 | |
6df41af2 GS |
5216 | =item setsockopt() on closed socket %s |
5217 | ||
be771a83 GS |
5218 | (W closed) You tried to set a socket option on a closed socket. Did you |
5219 | forget to check the return value of your socket() call? See | |
6df41af2 GS |
5220 | L<perlfunc/setsockopt>. |
5221 | ||
5302cd27 FC |
5222 | =item Setting ${^ENCODING} is deprecated |
5223 | ||
5224 | (D deprecated) You assiged a non-C<undef> value to C<${^ENCODING}>. | |
5225 | This is deprecated; see C<L<perlvar/${^ENCODING}>> for details. | |
5226 | ||
6da34ecb FC |
5227 | =item Setting $/ to a reference to %s as a form of slurp is deprecated, treating as undef |
5228 | ||
ddc3d23f | 5229 | (D deprecated) You assigned a reference to a scalar to C<$/> where the |
eedc0d19 | 5230 | referenced item is not a positive integer. In older perls this B<appeared> |
6da34ecb FC |
5231 | to work the same as setting it to C<undef> but was in fact internally |
5232 | different, less efficient and with very bad luck could have resulted in | |
5233 | your file being split by a stringified form of the reference. | |
5234 | ||
ea9d9ebc | 5235 | In Perl 5.20.0 this was changed so that it would be B<exactly> the same as |
6da34ecb FC |
5236 | setting C<$/> to undef, with the exception that this warning would be |
5237 | thrown. | |
5238 | ||
eedc0d19 FC |
5239 | You are recommended to change your code to set C<$/> to C<undef> explicitly |
5240 | if you wish to slurp the file. In future versions of Perl assigning | |
5241 | a reference to will throw a fatal error. | |
6da34ecb | 5242 | |
ee0ba734 | 5243 | =item Setting $/ to %s reference is forbidden |
a48e4205 FC |
5244 | |
5245 | (F) You tried to assign a reference to a non integer to C<$/>. In older | |
5246 | Perls this would have behaved similarly to setting it to a reference to | |
5247 | a positive integer, where the integer was the address of the reference. | |
5248 | As of Perl 5.20.0 this is a fatal error, to allow future versions of Perl | |
5249 | to use non-integer refs for more interesting purposes. | |
5250 | ||
0953b66b FC |
5251 | =item shift on reference is experimental |
5252 | ||
d401967c | 5253 | (S experimental::autoderef) C<shift> with a scalar argument is experimental |
0953b66b FC |
5254 | and may change or be removed in a future Perl version. If you want to |
5255 | take the risk of using this feature, simply disable this warning: | |
5256 | ||
d401967c | 5257 | no warnings "experimental::autoderef"; |
0953b66b | 5258 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
5259 | =item shm%s not implemented |
5260 | ||
5261 | (F) You don't have System V shared memory IPC on your system. | |
5262 | ||
984200d0 YST |
5263 | =item !=~ should be !~ |
5264 | ||
5265 | (W syntax) The non-matching operator is !~, not !=~. !=~ will be | |
5266 | interpreted as the != (numeric not equal) and ~ (1's complement) | |
5267 | operators: probably not what you intended. | |
5268 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
5269 | =item /%s/ should probably be written as "%s" |
5270 | ||
5271 | (W syntax) You have used a pattern where Perl expected to find a string, | |
be771a83 GS |
5272 | as in the first argument to C<join>. Perl will treat the true or false |
5273 | result of matching the pattern against $_ as the string, which is | |
5274 | probably not what you had in mind. | |
6df41af2 | 5275 | |
69282e91 | 5276 | =item shutdown() on closed socket %s |
a0d0e21e | 5277 | |
75b44862 GS |
5278 | (W closed) You tried to do a shutdown on a closed socket. Seems a bit |
5279 | superfluous. | |
a0d0e21e | 5280 | |
f86702cc | 5281 | =item SIG%s handler "%s" not defined |
a0d0e21e | 5282 | |
be771a83 GS |
5283 | (W signal) The signal handler named in %SIG doesn't, in fact, exist. |
5284 | Perhaps you put it into the wrong package? | |
a0d0e21e | 5285 | |
efc859fb FC |
5286 | =item Slab leaked from cv %p |
5287 | ||
5288 | (S) If you see this message, then something is seriously wrong with the | |
5289 | internal bookkeeping of op trees. An op tree needed to be freed after | |
5290 | a compilation error, but could not be found, so it was leaked instead. | |
5291 | ||
3b9aea04 SH |
5292 | =item sleep(%u) too large |
5293 | ||
5294 | (W overflow) You called C<sleep> with a number that was larger than | |
5295 | it can reliably handle and C<sleep> probably slept for less time than | |
5296 | requested. | |
5297 | ||
30d9c59b Z |
5298 | =item Slurpy parameter not last |
5299 | ||
5300 | (F) In a subroutine signature, you put something after a slurpy (array or | |
5301 | hash) parameter. The slurpy parameter takes all the available arguments, | |
5302 | so there can't be any left to fill later parameters. | |
5303 | ||
675fa9ff FC |
5304 | =item Smart matching a non-overloaded object breaks encapsulation |
5305 | ||
5306 | (F) You should not use the C<~~> operator on an object that does not | |
5307 | overload it: Perl refuses to use the object's underlying structure | |
5308 | for the smart match. | |
5309 | ||
0f539b13 BF |
5310 | =item Smartmatch is experimental |
5311 | ||
5312 | (S experimental::smartmatch) This warning is emitted if you | |
5313 | use the smartmatch (C<~~>) operator. This is currently an experimental | |
5314 | feature, and its details are subject to change in future releases of | |
5315 | Perl. Particularly, its current behavior is noticed for being | |
5316 | unnecessarily complex and unintuitive, and is very likely to be | |
5317 | overhauled. | |
5318 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
5319 | =item sort is now a reserved word |
5320 | ||
5321 | (F) An ancient error message that almost nobody ever runs into anymore. | |
5322 | But before sort was a keyword, people sometimes used it as a filehandle. | |
5323 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
5324 | =item Sort subroutine didn't return single value |
5325 | ||
d747172a FC |
5326 | (F) A sort comparison subroutine written in XS must return exactly one |
5327 | item. See L<perlfunc/sort>. | |
a0d0e21e | 5328 | |
f1c31c52 FC |
5329 | =item Source filters apply only to byte streams |
5330 | ||
5331 | (F) You tried to activate a source filter (usually by loading a | |
5332 | source filter module) within a string passed to C<eval>. This is | |
5333 | not permitted under the C<unicode_eval> feature. Consider using | |
5334 | C<evalbytes> instead. See L<feature>. | |
5335 | ||
8cbc2e3b JH |
5336 | =item splice() offset past end of array |
5337 | ||
5338 | (W misc) You attempted to specify an offset that was past the end of | |
fa816bf3 FC |
5339 | the array passed to splice(). Splicing will instead commence at the |
5340 | end of the array, rather than past it. If this isn't what you want, | |
5341 | try explicitly pre-extending the array by assigning $#array = $offset. | |
5342 | See L<perlfunc/splice>. | |
8cbc2e3b | 5343 | |
0953b66b FC |
5344 | =item splice on reference is experimental |
5345 | ||
0773cb3e FC |
5346 | (S experimental::autoderef) C<splice> with a scalar argument |
5347 | is experimental and may change or be removed in a future | |
5348 | Perl version. If you want to take the risk of using this | |
5349 | feature, simply disable this warning: | |
0953b66b | 5350 | |
d401967c | 5351 | no warnings "experimental::autoderef"; |
0953b66b | 5352 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
5353 | =item Split loop |
5354 | ||
be771a83 GS |
5355 | (P) The split was looping infinitely. (Obviously, a split shouldn't |
5356 | iterate more times than there are characters of input, which is what | |
6903afa2 | 5357 | happened.) See L<perlfunc/split>. |
a0d0e21e | 5358 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
5359 | =item Statement unlikely to be reached |
5360 | ||
be771a83 GS |
5361 | (W exec) You did an exec() with some statement after it other than a |
5362 | die(). This is almost always an error, because exec() never returns | |
5363 | unless there was a failure. You probably wanted to use system() | |
5364 | instead, which does return. To suppress this warning, put the exec() in | |
5365 | a block by itself. | |
a0d0e21e | 5366 | |
a21eb52b FC |
5367 | =item "state" subroutine %s can't be in a package |
5368 | ||
5369 | (F) Lexically scoped subroutines aren't in a package, so it doesn't make | |
5370 | sense to try to declare one with a package qualifier on the front. | |
5371 | ||
a2e39214 FC |
5372 | =item "state %s" used in sort comparison |
5373 | ||
5374 | (W syntax) The package variables $a and $b are used for sort comparisons. | |
5375 | You used $a or $b in as an operand to the C<< <=> >> or C<cmp> operator inside a | |
5376 | sort comparison block, and the variable had earlier been declared as a | |
5377 | lexical variable. Either qualify the sort variable with the package | |
5378 | name, or rename the lexical variable. | |
5379 | ||
5a25739d FC |
5380 | =item "state" variable %s can't be in a package |
5381 | ||
5382 | (F) Lexically scoped variables aren't in a package, so it doesn't make | |
5383 | sense to try to declare one with a package qualifier on the front. Use | |
5384 | local() if you want to localize a package variable. | |
5385 | ||
9ddeeac9 | 5386 | =item stat() on unopened filehandle %s |
6df41af2 | 5387 | |
355b1299 JH |
5388 | (W unopened) You tried to use the stat() function on a filehandle that |
5389 | was either never opened or has since been closed. | |
6df41af2 | 5390 | |
5a25739d FC |
5391 | =item Strings with code points over 0xFF may not be mapped into in-memory file handles |
5392 | ||
5393 | (W utf8) You tried to open a reference to a scalar for read or append | |
5394 | where the scalar contained code points over 0xFF. In-memory files | |
5395 | model on-disk files and can only contain bytes. | |
5396 | ||
fe13d51d | 5397 | =item Stub found while resolving method "%s" overloading "%s" in package "%s" |
e7ea3e70 | 5398 | |
be771a83 GS |
5399 | (P) Overloading resolution over @ISA tree may be broken by importation |
5400 | stubs. Stubs should never be implicitly created, but explicit calls to | |
5401 | C<can> may break this. | |
e7ea3e70 | 5402 | |
4e85e1b4 FC |
5403 | =item Subroutine "&%s" is not available |
5404 | ||
5405 | (W closure) During compilation, an inner named subroutine or eval is | |
5406 | attempting to capture an outer lexical subroutine that is not currently | |
5407 | available. This can happen for one of two reasons. First, the lexical | |
c387a7d0 FC |
5408 | subroutine may be declared in an outer anonymous subroutine that has |
5409 | not yet been created. (Remember that named subs are created at compile | |
5410 | time, while anonymous subs are created at run-time.) For example, | |
4e85e1b4 FC |
5411 | |
5412 | sub { my sub a {...} sub f { \&a } } | |
5413 | ||
c387a7d0 | 5414 | At the time that f is created, it can't capture the current "a" sub, |
4e85e1b4 FC |
5415 | since the anonymous subroutine hasn't been created yet. Conversely, the |
5416 | following won't give a warning since the anonymous subroutine has by now | |
5417 | been created and is live: | |
5418 | ||
5419 | sub { my sub a {...} eval 'sub f { \&a }' }->(); | |
5420 | ||
c387a7d0 FC |
5421 | The second situation is caused by an eval accessing a lexical subroutine |
5422 | that has gone out of scope, for example, | |
4e85e1b4 FC |
5423 | |
5424 | sub f { | |
5425 | my sub a {...} | |
5426 | sub { eval '\&a' } | |
5427 | } | |
5428 | f()->(); | |
5429 | ||
5430 | Here, when the '\&a' in the eval is being compiled, f() is not currently | |
5431 | being executed, so its &a is not available for capture. | |
5432 | ||
4eb94d7c FC |
5433 | =item "%s" subroutine &%s masks earlier declaration in same %s |
5434 | ||
5435 | (W misc) A "my" or "state" subroutine has been redeclared in the | |
5436 | current scope or statement, effectively eliminating all access to | |
5437 | the previous instance. This is almost always a typographical error. | |
5438 | Note that the earlier subroutine will still exist until the end of | |
20d33786 | 5439 | the scope or until all closure references to it are destroyed. |
4eb94d7c | 5440 | |
2a9203e9 FC |
5441 | =item Subroutine "%s" will not stay shared |
5442 | ||
5443 | (W closure) An inner (nested) I<named> subroutine is referencing a "my" | |
5444 | subroutine defined in an outer named subroutine. | |
5445 | ||
5446 | When the inner subroutine is called, it will see the value of the outer | |
5447 | subroutine's lexical subroutine as it was before and during the *first* | |
5448 | call to the outer subroutine; in this case, after the first call to the | |
5449 | outer subroutine is complete, the inner and outer subroutines will no | |
5450 | longer share a common value for the lexical subroutine. In other words, | |
5451 | it will no longer be shared. This will especially make a difference | |
5452 | if the lexical subroutines accesses lexical variables declared in its | |
5453 | surrounding scope. | |
5454 | ||
5455 | This problem can usually be solved by making the inner subroutine | |
5456 | anonymous, using the C<sub {}> syntax. When inner anonymous subs that | |
5457 | reference lexical subroutines in outer subroutines are created, they | |
5458 | are automatically rebound to the current values of such lexical subs. | |
5459 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
5460 | =item Subroutine %s redefined |
5461 | ||
e476b1b5 | 5462 | (W redefine) You redefined a subroutine. To suppress this warning, say |
a0d0e21e LW |
5463 | |
5464 | { | |
271595cc | 5465 | no warnings 'redefine'; |
a0d0e21e LW |
5466 | eval "sub name { ... }"; |
5467 | } | |
5468 | ||
5469 | =item Substitution loop | |
5470 | ||
be771a83 GS |
5471 | (P) The substitution was looping infinitely. (Obviously, a substitution |
5472 | shouldn't iterate more times than there are characters of input, which | |
5473 | is what happened.) See the discussion of substitution in | |
5d44bfff | 5474 | L<perlop/"Regexp Quote-Like Operators">. |
a0d0e21e LW |
5475 | |
5476 | =item Substitution pattern not terminated | |
5477 | ||
d1be9408 | 5478 | (F) The lexer couldn't find the interior delimiter of an s/// or s{}{} |
a0d0e21e | 5479 | construct. Remember that bracketing delimiters count nesting level. |
fb73857a | 5480 | Missing the leading C<$> from variable C<$s> may cause this error. |
a0d0e21e LW |
5481 | |
5482 | =item Substitution replacement not terminated | |
5483 | ||
d1be9408 | 5484 | (F) The lexer couldn't find the final delimiter of an s/// or s{}{} |
a0d0e21e | 5485 | construct. Remember that bracketing delimiters count nesting level. |
fb73857a | 5486 | Missing the leading C<$> from variable C<$s> may cause this error. |
a0d0e21e LW |
5487 | |
5488 | =item substr outside of string | |
5489 | ||
8a9eb13d | 5490 | (W substr)(F) You tried to reference a substr() that pointed outside of |
be771a83 GS |
5491 | a string. That is, the absolute value of the offset was larger than the |
5492 | length of the string. See L<perlfunc/substr>. This warning is fatal if | |
5493 | substr is used in an lvalue context (as the left hand side of an | |
5494 | assignment or as a subroutine argument for example). | |
a0d0e21e | 5495 | |
bf1320bf RGS |
5496 | =item sv_upgrade from type %d down to type %d |
5497 | ||
9d277376 | 5498 | (P) Perl tried to force the upgrade of an SV to a type which was actually |
bf1320bf RGS |
5499 | inferior to its current type. |
5500 | ||
05a40652 FC |
5501 | =item SWASHNEW didn't return an HV ref |
5502 | ||
5503 | (P) Something went wrong internally when Perl was trying to look up | |
5504 | Unicode characters. | |
5505 | ||
6fbc9859 | 5506 | =item Switch (?(condition)... contains too many branches in regex; marked by |
e0e4a6e3 | 5507 | S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
b45f050a | 5508 | |
fa816bf3 FC |
5509 | (F) A (?(condition)if-clause|else-clause) construct can have at most |
5510 | two branches (the if-clause and the else-clause). If you want one or | |
5511 | both to contain alternation, such as using C<this|that|other>, enclose | |
5512 | it in clustering parentheses: | |
b45f050a JF |
5513 | |
5514 | (?(condition)(?:this|that|other)|else-clause) | |
5515 | ||
e0e4a6e3 | 5516 | The S<<-- HERE> shows whereabouts in the regular expression the problem |
fa816bf3 | 5517 | was discovered. See L<perlre>. |
b45f050a | 5518 | |
e0e4a6e3 FC |
5519 | =item Switch condition not recognized in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in |
5520 | m/%s/ | |
b45f050a | 5521 | |
9f57786a FC |
5522 | (F) The condition part of a (?(condition)if-clause|else-clause) construct |
5523 | is not known. The condition must be one of the following: | |
5524 | ||
5525 | (1) (2) ... true if 1st, 2nd, etc., capture matched | |
5526 | (<NAME>) ('NAME') true if named capture matched | |
5527 | (?=...) (?<=...) true if subpattern matches | |
5528 | (?!...) (?<!...) true if subpattern fails to match | |
5529 | (?{ CODE }) true if code returns a true value | |
5530 | (R) true if evaluating inside recursion | |
5531 | (R1) (R2) ... true if directly inside capture group 1, 2, etc. | |
5532 | (R&NAME) true if directly inside named capture | |
5533 | (DEFINE) always false; for defining named subpatterns | |
5534 | ||
5535 | The <-- HERE shows whereabouts in the regular expression the problem was | |
5536 | discovered. See L<perlre>. | |
b45f050a | 5537 | |
a1244175 FC |
5538 | =item Switch (?(condition)... not terminated in regex; marked by |
5539 | S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ | |
5540 | ||
99775d13 FC |
5541 | (F) You omitted to close a (?(condition)...) block somewhere |
5542 | in the pattern. Add a closing parenthesis in the appropriate | |
5543 | position. See L<perlre>. | |
a1244175 | 5544 | |
85ab1d1d JH |
5545 | =item switching effective %s is not implemented |
5546 | ||
be771a83 GS |
5547 | (F) While under the C<use filetest> pragma, we cannot switch the real |
5548 | and effective uids or gids. | |
85ab1d1d | 5549 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
5550 | =item syntax error |
5551 | ||
5552 | (F) Probably means you had a syntax error. Common reasons include: | |
5553 | ||
5554 | A keyword is misspelled. | |
5555 | A semicolon is missing. | |
5556 | A comma is missing. | |
5557 | An opening or closing parenthesis is missing. | |
5558 | An opening or closing brace is missing. | |
5559 | A closing quote is missing. | |
5560 | ||
5561 | Often there will be another error message associated with the syntax | |
5562 | error giving more information. (Sometimes it helps to turn on B<-w>.) | |
5563 | The error message itself often tells you where it was in the line when | |
5564 | it decided to give up. Sometimes the actual error is several tokens | |
5f05dabc | 5565 | before this, because Perl is good at understanding random input. |
a0d0e21e LW |
5566 | Occasionally the line number may be misleading, and once in a blue moon |
5567 | the only way to figure out what's triggering the error is to call | |
5568 | C<perl -c> repeatedly, chopping away half the program each time to see | |
524e9188 | 5569 | if the error went away. Sort of the cybernetic version of S<20 questions>. |
a0d0e21e | 5570 | |
ccf3535a | 5571 | =item syntax error at line %d: '%s' unexpected |
cb1a09d0 | 5572 | |
be771a83 GS |
5573 | (A) You've accidentally run your script through the Bourne shell instead |
5574 | of Perl. Check the #! line, or manually feed your script into Perl | |
5575 | yourself. | |
cb1a09d0 | 5576 | |
25f58aea PN |
5577 | =item syntax error in file %s at line %d, next 2 tokens "%s" |
5578 | ||
5579 | (F) This error is likely to occur if you run a perl5 script through | |
5580 | a perl4 interpreter, especially if the next 2 tokens are "use strict" | |
5581 | or "my $var" or "our $var". | |
5582 | ||
675fa9ff FC |
5583 | =item Syntax error in (?[...]) in regex m/%s/ |
5584 | ||
5585 | (F) Perl could not figure out what you meant inside this construct; this | |
5586 | notifies you that it is giving up trying. | |
5587 | ||
591f5ca2 FC |
5588 | =item %s syntax OK |
5589 | ||
5590 | (F) The final summary message when a C<perl -c> succeeds. | |
5591 | ||
b5fe5ca2 SR |
5592 | =item sysread() on closed filehandle %s |
5593 | ||
5594 | (W closed) You tried to read from a closed filehandle. | |
5595 | ||
5596 | =item sysread() on unopened filehandle %s | |
5597 | ||
5598 | (W unopened) You tried to read from a filehandle that was never opened. | |
5599 | ||
6087ac44 | 5600 | =item System V %s is not implemented on this machine |
a0d0e21e | 5601 | |
6087ac44 JH |
5602 | (F) You tried to do something with a function beginning with "sem", |
5603 | "shm", or "msg" but that System V IPC is not implemented in your | |
5604 | machine. In some machines the functionality can exist but be | |
5605 | unconfigured. Consult your system support. | |
a0d0e21e | 5606 | |
69282e91 | 5607 | =item syswrite() on closed filehandle %s |
a0d0e21e | 5608 | |
be771a83 | 5609 | (W closed) The filehandle you're writing to got itself closed sometime |
c289d2f7 | 5610 | before now. Check your control flow. |
a0d0e21e | 5611 | |
96ebfdd7 RK |
5612 | =item C<-T> and C<-B> not implemented on filehandles |
5613 | ||
5614 | (F) Perl can't peek at the stdio buffer of filehandles when it doesn't | |
5615 | know about your kind of stdio. You'll have to use a filename instead. | |
5616 | ||
fc36a67e | 5617 | =item Target of goto is too deeply nested |
5618 | ||
be771a83 GS |
5619 | (F) You tried to use C<goto> to reach a label that was too deeply nested |
5620 | for Perl to reach. Perl is doing you a favor by refusing. | |
fc36a67e | 5621 | |
abc7ecad SP |
5622 | =item telldir() attempted on invalid dirhandle %s |
5623 | ||
5624 | (W io) The dirhandle you tried to telldir() is either closed or not really | |
5625 | a dirhandle. Check your control flow. | |
5626 | ||
c2771421 FC |
5627 | =item tell() on unopened filehandle |
5628 | ||
5629 | (W unopened) You tried to use the tell() function on a filehandle that | |
5630 | was either never opened or has since been closed. | |
5631 | ||
b82b06b8 FC |
5632 | =item That use of $[ is unsupported |
5633 | ||
5634 | (F) Assignment to C<$[> is now strictly circumscribed, and interpreted | |
5635 | as a compiler directive. You may say only one of | |
5636 | ||
5637 | $[ = 0; | |
5638 | $[ = 1; | |
5639 | ... | |
5640 | local $[ = 0; | |
5641 | local $[ = 1; | |
5642 | ... | |
5643 | ||
5644 | This is to prevent the problem of one module changing the array base out | |
5645 | from under another module inadvertently. See L<perlvar/$[> and L<arybase>. | |
5646 | ||
67b16946 | 5647 | =item The crypt() function is unimplemented due to excessive paranoia. |
a0d0e21e LW |
5648 | |
5649 | (F) Configure couldn't find the crypt() function on your machine, | |
5650 | probably because your vendor didn't supply it, probably because they | |
8b1a09fc | 5651 | think the U.S. Government thinks it's a secret, or at least that they |
a0d0e21e LW |
5652 | will continue to pretend that it is. And if you quote me on that, I |
5653 | will deny it. | |
5654 | ||
675fa9ff FC |
5655 | =item The %s function is unimplemented |
5656 | ||
5657 | (F) The function indicated isn't implemented on this architecture, | |
5658 | according to the probings of Configure. | |
5659 | ||
64fbf0dd | 5660 | =item The lexical_subs feature is experimental |
ebd25686 | 5661 | |
64fbf0dd FC |
5662 | (S experimental::lexical_subs) This warning is emitted if you |
5663 | declare a sub with C<my> or C<state>. Simply suppress the warning | |
5664 | if you want to use the feature, but know that in doing so you | |
5665 | are taking the risk of using an experimental feature which may | |
5666 | change or be removed in a future Perl version: | |
ebd25686 | 5667 | |
f1d34ca8 | 5668 | no warnings "experimental::lexical_subs"; |
ebd25686 | 5669 | use feature "lexical_subs"; |
64fbf0dd | 5670 | my sub foo { ... } |
ebd25686 | 5671 | |
0d0b4b3b KW |
5672 | =item The regex_sets feature is experimental |
5673 | ||
5674 | (S experimental::regex_sets) This warning is emitted if you | |
5675 | use the syntax S<C<(?[ ])>> in a regular expression. | |
5676 | The details of this feature are subject to change. | |
5677 | if you want to use it, but know that in doing so you | |
5678 | are taking the risk of using an experimental feature which may | |
5679 | change in a future Perl version, you can do this to silence the | |
5680 | warning: | |
5681 | ||
5682 | no warnings "experimental::regex_sets"; | |
5683 | ||
30d9c59b Z |
5684 | =item The signatures feature is experimental |
5685 | ||
5686 | (S experimental::signatures) This warning is emitted if you unwrap a | |
5687 | subroutine's arguments using a signature. Simply suppress the warning | |
5688 | if you want to use the feature, but know that in doing so you are taking | |
5689 | the risk of using an experimental feature which may change or be removed | |
5690 | in a future Perl version: | |
5691 | ||
5692 | no warnings "experimental::signatures"; | |
5693 | use feature "signatures"; | |
5694 | sub foo ($left, $right) { ... } | |
5695 | ||
5e1c7ca2 | 5696 | =item The stat preceding %s wasn't an lstat |
a0d0e21e | 5697 | |
be771a83 GS |
5698 | (F) It makes no sense to test the current stat buffer for symbolic |
5699 | linkhood if the last stat that wrote to the stat buffer already went | |
5700 | past the symlink to get to the real file. Use an actual filename | |
5701 | instead. | |
a0d0e21e | 5702 | |
371fce9b DM |
5703 | =item The 'unique' attribute may only be applied to 'our' variables |
5704 | ||
1108974d | 5705 | (F) This attribute was never supported on C<my> or C<sub> declarations. |
371fce9b | 5706 | |
437784d6 | 5707 | =item This Perl can't reset CRTL environ elements (%s) |
f675dbe5 CB |
5708 | |
5709 | =item This Perl can't set CRTL environ elements (%s=%s) | |
5710 | ||
75b44862 | 5711 | (W internal) Warnings peculiar to VMS. You tried to change or delete an |
be771a83 GS |
5712 | element of the CRTL's internal environ array, but your copy of Perl |
5713 | wasn't built with a CRTL that contained the setenv() function. You'll | |
5714 | need to rebuild Perl with a CRTL that does, or redefine | |
5715 | F<PERL_ENV_TABLES> (see L<perlvms>) so that the environ array isn't the | |
5716 | target of the change to | |
f675dbe5 CB |
5717 | %ENV which produced the warning. |
5718 | ||
6a5b4183 YO |
5719 | =item This Perl has not been built with support for randomized hash key traversal but something called Perl_hv_rand_set(). |
5720 | ||
5721 | (F) Something has attempted to use an internal API call which | |
5722 | depends on Perl being compiled with the default support for randomized hash | |
f26c79ba | 5723 | key traversal, but this Perl has been compiled without it. You should |
6a5b4183 YO |
5724 | report this warning to the relevant upstream party, or recompile perl |
5725 | with default options. | |
5726 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
5727 | =item times not implemented |
5728 | ||
be771a83 GS |
5729 | (F) Your version of the C library apparently doesn't do times(). I |
5730 | suspect you're not running on Unix. | |
a0d0e21e | 5731 | |
6d3b25aa RGS |
5732 | =item "-T" is on the #! line, it must also be used on the command line |
5733 | ||
b7e4ecc1 FC |
5734 | (X) The #! line (or local equivalent) in a Perl script contains |
5735 | the B<-T> option (or the B<-t> option), but Perl was not invoked with | |
5736 | B<-T> in its command line. This is an error because, by the time | |
5737 | Perl discovers a B<-T> in a script, it's too late to properly taint | |
5738 | everything from the environment. So Perl gives up. | |
6d3b25aa RGS |
5739 | |
5740 | If the Perl script is being executed as a command using the #! | |
b7e4ecc1 FC |
5741 | mechanism (or its local equivalent), this error can usually be |
5742 | fixed by editing the #! line so that the B<-%c> option is a part of | |
5743 | Perl's first argument: e.g. change C<perl -n -%c> to C<perl -%c -n>. | |
6d3b25aa RGS |
5744 | |
5745 | If the Perl script is being executed as C<perl scriptname>, then the | |
fe13d51d | 5746 | B<-%c> option must appear on the command line: C<perl -%c scriptname>. |
6d3b25aa | 5747 | |
3a2263fe RGS |
5748 | =item To%s: illegal mapping '%s' |
5749 | ||
5750 | (F) You tried to define a customized To-mapping for lc(), lcfirst, | |
5751 | uc(), or ucfirst() (or their string-inlined versions), but you | |
5752 | specified an illegal mapping. | |
5753 | See L<perlunicode/"User-Defined Character Properties">. | |
5754 | ||
49704364 WL |
5755 | =item Too deeply nested ()-groups |
5756 | ||
1a147d38 | 5757 | (F) Your template contains ()-groups with a ridiculously deep nesting level. |
49704364 | 5758 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
5759 | =item Too few args to syscall |
5760 | ||
5761 | (F) There has to be at least one argument to syscall() to specify the | |
5762 | system call to call, silly dilly. | |
5763 | ||
30d9c59b Z |
5764 | =item Too few arguments for subroutine |
5765 | ||
5766 | (F) A subroutine using a signature received fewer arguments than required | |
5767 | by the signature. The caller of the subroutine is presumably at fault. | |
5768 | Inconveniently, this error will be reported at the location of the | |
5769 | subroutine, not that of the caller. | |
5770 | ||
96ebfdd7 RK |
5771 | =item Too late for "-%s" option |
5772 | ||
5773 | (X) The #! line (or local equivalent) in a Perl script contains the | |
4ba71d51 FC |
5774 | B<-M>, B<-m> or B<-C> option. |
5775 | ||
6903afa2 FC |
5776 | In the case of B<-M> and B<-m>, this is an error because those options |
5777 | are not intended for use inside scripts. Use the C<use> pragma instead. | |
4ba71d51 | 5778 | |
6903afa2 FC |
5779 | The B<-C> option only works if it is specified on the command line as |
5780 | well (with the same sequence of letters or numbers following). Either | |
5781 | specify this option on the command line, or, if your system supports | |
5782 | it, make your script executable and run it directly instead of passing | |
5783 | it to perl. | |
96ebfdd7 | 5784 | |
ddda08b7 GS |
5785 | =item Too late to run %s block |
5786 | ||
5787 | (W void) A CHECK or INIT block is being defined during run time proper, | |
5788 | when the opportunity to run them has already passed. Perhaps you are | |
be771a83 GS |
5789 | loading a file with C<require> or C<do> when you should be using C<use> |
5790 | instead. Or perhaps you should put the C<require> or C<do> inside a | |
5791 | BEGIN block. | |
ddda08b7 | 5792 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
5793 | =item Too many args to syscall |
5794 | ||
5f05dabc | 5795 | (F) Perl supports a maximum of only 14 args to syscall(). |
a0d0e21e LW |
5796 | |
5797 | =item Too many arguments for %s | |
5798 | ||
5799 | (F) The function requires fewer arguments than you specified. | |
5800 | ||
30d9c59b Z |
5801 | =item Too many arguments for subroutine |
5802 | ||
5803 | (F) A subroutine using a signature received more arguments than required | |
5804 | by the signature. The caller of the subroutine is presumably at fault. | |
5805 | Inconveniently, this error will be reported at the location of the | |
5806 | subroutine, not that of the caller. | |
5807 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
5808 | =item Too many )'s |
5809 | ||
49704364 WL |
5810 | (A) You've accidentally run your script through B<csh> instead of Perl. |
5811 | Check the #! line, or manually feed your script into Perl yourself. | |
5812 | ||
8c40cb74 NC |
5813 | =item Too many ('s |
5814 | ||
be771a83 GS |
5815 | (A) You've accidentally run your script through B<csh> instead of Perl. |
5816 | Check the #! line, or manually feed your script into Perl yourself. | |
6df41af2 | 5817 | |
7253e4e3 | 5818 | =item Trailing \ in regex m/%s/ |
a0d0e21e | 5819 | |
be771a83 GS |
5820 | (F) The regular expression ends with an unbackslashed backslash. |
5821 | Backslash it. See L<perlre>. | |
a0d0e21e | 5822 | |
2c268ad5 | 5823 | =item Transliteration pattern not terminated |
a0d0e21e LW |
5824 | |
5825 | (F) The lexer couldn't find the interior delimiter of a tr/// or tr[][] | |
fb73857a | 5826 | or y/// or y[][] construct. Missing the leading C<$> from variables |
5827 | C<$tr> or C<$y> may cause this error. | |
a0d0e21e | 5828 | |
2c268ad5 | 5829 | =item Transliteration replacement not terminated |
a0d0e21e | 5830 | |
6a36df5d YST |
5831 | (F) The lexer couldn't find the final delimiter of a tr///, tr[][], |
5832 | y/// or y[][] construct. | |
a0d0e21e | 5833 | |
96ebfdd7 RK |
5834 | =item '%s' trapped by operation mask |
5835 | ||
5836 | (F) You tried to use an operator from a Safe compartment in which it's | |
6903afa2 | 5837 | disallowed. See L<Safe>. |
96ebfdd7 | 5838 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
5839 | =item truncate not implemented |
5840 | ||
5841 | (F) Your machine doesn't implement a file truncation mechanism that | |
5842 | Configure knows about. | |
5843 | ||
19c481f4 FC |
5844 | =item Type of arg %d to &CORE::%s must be %s |
5845 | ||
5846 | (F) The subroutine in question in the CORE package requires its argument | |
5847 | to be a hard reference to data of the specified type. Overloading is | |
5848 | ignored, so a reference to an object that is not the specified type, but | |
5849 | nonetheless has overloading to handle it, will still not be accepted. | |
5850 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
5851 | =item Type of arg %d to %s must be %s (not %s) |
5852 | ||
5853 | (F) This function requires the argument in that position to be of a | |
8b1a09fc | 5854 | certain type. Arrays must be @NAME or C<@{EXPR}>. Hashes must be |
5855 | %NAME or C<%{EXPR}>. No implicit dereferencing is allowed--use the | |
a0d0e21e LW |
5856 | {EXPR} forms as an explicit dereference. See L<perlref>. |
5857 | ||
7ac5715b | 5858 | =item Type of argument to %s must be unblessed hashref or arrayref |
cba5a3b0 | 5859 | |
7ac5715b FC |
5860 | (F) You called C<keys>, C<values> or C<each> with a scalar argument that |
5861 | was not a reference to an unblessed hash or array. | |
cba5a3b0 | 5862 | |
eec2d3df GS |
5863 | =item umask not implemented |
5864 | ||
be771a83 GS |
5865 | (F) Your machine doesn't implement the umask function and you tried to |
5866 | use it to restrict permissions for yourself (EXPR & 0700). | |
a0d0e21e LW |
5867 | |
5868 | =item Unbalanced context: %d more PUSHes than POPs | |
5869 | ||
c632e777 | 5870 | (S internal) The exit code detected an internal inconsistency in how |
be771a83 | 5871 | many execution contexts were entered and left. |
a0d0e21e LW |
5872 | |
5873 | =item Unbalanced saves: %d more saves than restores | |
5874 | ||
4a983e45 | 5875 | (S internal) The exit code detected an internal inconsistency in how |
be771a83 | 5876 | many values were temporarily localized. |
a0d0e21e LW |
5877 | |
5878 | =item Unbalanced scopes: %d more ENTERs than LEAVEs | |
5879 | ||
090cebb2 | 5880 | (S internal) The exit code detected an internal inconsistency in how |
be771a83 | 5881 | many blocks were entered and left. |
a0d0e21e | 5882 | |
6651ba0b FC |
5883 | =item Unbalanced string table refcount: (%d) for "%s" |
5884 | ||
31ff3bd2 | 5885 | (S internal) On exit, Perl found some strings remaining in the shared |
6651ba0b FC |
5886 | string table used for copy on write and for hash keys. The entries |
5887 | should have been freed, so this indicates a bug somewhere. | |
5888 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
5889 | =item Unbalanced tmps: %d more allocs than frees |
5890 | ||
2092d7c1 | 5891 | (S internal) The exit code detected an internal inconsistency in how |
be771a83 | 5892 | many mortal scalars were allocated and freed. |
a0d0e21e LW |
5893 | |
5894 | =item Undefined format "%s" called | |
5895 | ||
5896 | (F) The format indicated doesn't seem to exist. Perhaps it's really in | |
5897 | another package? See L<perlform>. | |
5898 | ||
5899 | =item Undefined sort subroutine "%s" called | |
5900 | ||
be771a83 GS |
5901 | (F) The sort comparison routine specified doesn't seem to exist. |
5902 | Perhaps it's in a different package? See L<perlfunc/sort>. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
5903 | |
5904 | =item Undefined subroutine &%s called | |
5905 | ||
be771a83 GS |
5906 | (F) The subroutine indicated hasn't been defined, or if it was, it has |
5907 | since been undefined. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
5908 | |
5909 | =item Undefined subroutine called | |
5910 | ||
5911 | (F) The anonymous subroutine you're trying to call hasn't been defined, | |
5912 | or if it was, it has since been undefined. | |
5913 | ||
5914 | =item Undefined subroutine in sort | |
5915 | ||
be771a83 GS |
5916 | (F) The sort comparison routine specified is declared but doesn't seem |
5917 | to have been defined yet. See L<perlfunc/sort>. | |
a0d0e21e | 5918 | |
4633a7c4 LW |
5919 | =item Undefined top format "%s" called |
5920 | ||
5921 | (F) The format indicated doesn't seem to exist. Perhaps it's really in | |
5922 | another package? See L<perlform>. | |
5923 | ||
20408e3c GS |
5924 | =item Undefined value assigned to typeglob |
5925 | ||
be771a83 GS |
5926 | (W misc) An undefined value was assigned to a typeglob, a la |
5927 | C<*foo = undef>. This does nothing. It's possible that you really mean | |
5928 | C<undef *foo>. | |
20408e3c | 5929 | |
6df41af2 GS |
5930 | =item %s: Undefined variable |
5931 | ||
be771a83 GS |
5932 | (A) You've accidentally run your script through B<csh> instead of Perl. |
5933 | Check the #! line, or manually feed your script into Perl yourself. | |
6df41af2 | 5934 | |
412f55bb KW |
5935 | =item Unescaped left brace in regex is deprecated, passed through in regex; |
5936 | marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ | |
5937 | ||
5938 | (D deprecated, regexp) You used a literal C<"{"> character in a regular | |
3617dbb6 | 5939 | expression pattern. You should change to use C<"\{"> instead, because a |
66a1f5ec FC |
5940 | future version of Perl (tentatively v5.26) will consider this to be a |
5941 | syntax error. If the pattern delimiters are also braces, any matching | |
5942 | right brace (C<"}">) should also be escaped to avoid confusing the parser, | |
5943 | for example, | |
412f55bb KW |
5944 | |
5945 | qr{abc\{def\}ghi} | |
5946 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
5947 | =item unexec of %s into %s failed! |
5948 | ||
5949 | (F) The unexec() routine failed for some reason. See your local FSF | |
5950 | representative, who probably put it there in the first place. | |
5951 | ||
e0e4a6e3 FC |
5952 | =item Unexpected binary operator '%c' with no preceding operand in regex; |
5953 | marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ | |
0d0b4b3b | 5954 | |
675fa9ff | 5955 | (F) You had something like this: |
0d0b4b3b KW |
5956 | |
5957 | (?[ | \p{Digit} ]) | |
5958 | ||
5959 | where the C<"|"> is a binary operator with an operand on the right, but | |
5960 | no operand on the left. | |
5961 | ||
e0e4a6e3 | 5962 | =item Unexpected character in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
0d0b4b3b | 5963 | |
675fa9ff | 5964 | (F) You had something like this: |
0d0b4b3b KW |
5965 | |
5966 | (?[ z ]) | |
5967 | ||
5968 | Within C<(?[ ])>, no literal characters are allowed unless they are | |
5969 | within an inner pair of square brackets, like | |
5970 | ||
5971 | (?[ [ z ] ]) | |
5972 | ||
5973 | Another possibility is that you forgot a backslash. Perl isn't smart | |
5974 | enough to figure out what you really meant. | |
5975 | ||
6651ba0b FC |
5976 | =item Unexpected constant lvalue entersub entry via type/targ %d:%d |
5977 | ||
5978 | (P) When compiling a subroutine call in lvalue context, Perl failed an | |
5979 | internal consistency check. It encountered a malformed op tree. | |
5980 | ||
6c341f67 TC |
5981 | =item Unexpected exit %u |
5982 | ||
5983 | (S) exit() was called or the script otherwise finished gracefully when | |
5984 | C<PERL_EXIT_WARN> was set in C<PL_exit_flags>. | |
5985 | ||
878ce265 | 5986 | =item Unexpected exit failure %d |
6c341f67 TC |
5987 | |
5988 | (S) An uncaught die() was called when C<PERL_EXIT_WARN> was set in | |
5989 | C<PL_exit_flags>. | |
5990 | ||
e0e4a6e3 | 5991 | =item Unexpected ')' in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
675fa9ff FC |
5992 | |
5993 | (F) You had something like this: | |
5994 | ||
5995 | (?[ ( \p{Digit} + ) ]) | |
5996 | ||
5997 | The C<")"> is out-of-place. Something apparently was supposed to | |
5998 | be combined with the digits, or the C<"+"> shouldn't be there, or | |
5999 | something like that. Perl can't figure out what was intended. | |
6000 | ||
e0e4a6e3 FC |
6001 | =item Unexpected '(' with no preceding operator in regex; marked by |
6002 | S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ | |
675fa9ff FC |
6003 | |
6004 | (F) You had something like this: | |
6005 | ||
6006 | (?[ \p{Digit} ( \p{Lao} + \p{Thai} ) ]) | |
6007 | ||
6008 | There should be an operator before the C<"(">, as there's | |
6009 | no indication as to how the digits are to be combined | |
6010 | with the characters in the Lao and Thai scripts. | |
6011 | ||
0876b9a0 KW |
6012 | =item Unicode non-character U+%X is illegal for open interchange |
6013 | ||
4c2e59a0 | 6014 | (S nonchar) Certain codepoints, such as U+FFFE and U+FFFF, are |
66a1f5ec FC |
6015 | defined by the Unicode standard to be non-characters. Those |
6016 | are legal codepoints, but are reserved for internal use; so, | |
6017 | applications shouldn't attempt to exchange them. An application | |
6018 | may not be expecting any of these characters at all, and receiving | |
6019 | them may lead to bugs. If you know what you are doing you can | |
6020 | turn off this warning by C<no warnings 'nonchar';>. | |
6021 | ||
6022 | This is not really a "severe" error, but it is supposed to be | |
6023 | raised by default even if warnings are not enabled, and currently | |
6024 | the only way to do that in Perl is to mark it as serious. | |
6a807e21 | 6025 | |
c794c51b FC |
6026 | =item Unicode surrogate U+%X is illegal in UTF-8 |
6027 | ||
4c2e59a0 | 6028 | (S surrogate) You had a UTF-16 surrogate in a context where they are |
c794c51b FC |
6029 | not considered acceptable. These code points, between U+D800 and |
6030 | U+DFFF (inclusive), are used by Unicode only for UTF-16. However, Perl | |
6031 | internally allows all unsigned integer code points (up to the size limit | |
6032 | available on your platform), including surrogates. But these can cause | |
6033 | problems when being input or output, which is likely where this message | |
6034 | came from. If you really really know what you are doing you can turn | |
8457b38f | 6035 | off this warning by C<no warnings 'surrogate';>. |
c794c51b | 6036 | |
dcfe9e74 KW |
6037 | =item Unknown charname '%s' |
6038 | ||
6039 | (F) The name you used inside C<\N{}> is unknown to Perl. Check the | |
6040 | spelling. You can say C<use charnames ":loose"> to not have to be | |
6041 | so precise about spaces, hyphens, and capitalization on standard Unicode | |
6042 | names. (Any custom aliases that have been created must be specified | |
6043 | exactly, regardless of whether C<:loose> is used or not.) This error may | |
6044 | also happen if the C<\N{}> is not in the scope of the corresponding | |
6045 | C<S<use charnames>>. | |
6046 | ||
04177465 FC |
6047 | =item Unknown error |
6048 | ||
6049 | (P) Perl was about to print an error message in C<$@>, but the C<$@> variable | |
6050 | did not exist, even after an attempt to create it. | |
6051 | ||
6170680b IZ |
6052 | =item Unknown open() mode '%s' |
6053 | ||
437784d6 | 6054 | (F) The second argument of 3-argument open() is not among the list |
c47ff5f1 | 6055 | of valid modes: C<< < >>, C<< > >>, C<<< >> >>>, C<< +< >>, |
488dad83 | 6056 | C<< +> >>, C<<< +>> >>>, C<-|>, C<|->, C<< <& >>, C<< >& >>. |
6170680b | 6057 | |
b4581f09 JH |
6058 | =item Unknown PerlIO layer "%s" |
6059 | ||
6060 | (W layer) An attempt was made to push an unknown layer onto the Perl I/O | |
6061 | system. (Layers take care of transforming data between external and | |
6062 | internal representations.) Note that some layers, such as C<mmap>, | |
6063 | are not supported in all environments. If your program didn't | |
6064 | explicitly request the failing operation, it may be the result of the | |
6065 | value of the environment variable PERLIO. | |
6066 | ||
f675dbe5 CB |
6067 | =item Unknown process %x sent message to prime_env_iter: %s |
6068 | ||
6069 | (P) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl was reading values for %ENV before | |
6070 | iterating over it, and someone else stuck a message in the stream of | |
6071 | data Perl expected. Someone's very confused, or perhaps trying to | |
6072 | subvert Perl's population of %ENV for nefarious purposes. | |
a05d7ebb | 6073 | |
0da72d5e KW |
6074 | =item Unknown regex modifier "%s" |
6075 | ||
6076 | (F) Alphanumerics immediately following the closing delimiter | |
6077 | of a regular expression pattern are interpreted by Perl as modifier | |
6078 | flags for the regex. One of the ones you specified is invalid. One way | |
6079 | this can happen is if you didn't put in white space between the end of | |
6080 | the regex and a following alphanumeric operator: | |
6081 | ||
6082 | if ($a =~ /foo/and $bar == 3) { ... } | |
6083 | ||
6084 | The C<"a"> is a valid modifier flag, but the C<"n"> is not, and raises | |
6085 | this error. Likely what was meant instead was: | |
6086 | ||
6087 | if ($a =~ /foo/ and $bar == 3) { ... } | |
6088 | ||
5a25739d FC |
6089 | =item Unknown "re" subpragma '%s' (known ones are: %s) |
6090 | ||
6091 | (W) You tried to use an unknown subpragma of the "re" pragma. | |
6092 | ||
e0e4a6e3 FC |
6093 | =item Unknown switch condition (?(...)) in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in |
6094 | m/%s/ | |
96ebfdd7 RK |
6095 | |
6096 | (F) The condition part of a (?(condition)if-clause|else-clause) construct | |
6903afa2 | 6097 | is not known. The condition must be one of the following: |
5fecf430 | 6098 | |
674f6ed9 FC |
6099 | (1) (2) ... true if 1st, 2nd, etc., capture matched |
6100 | (<NAME>) ('NAME') true if named capture matched | |
6101 | (?=...) (?<=...) true if subpattern matches | |
6102 | (?!...) (?<!...) true if subpattern fails to match | |
6103 | (?{ CODE }) true if code returns a true value | |
6104 | (R) true if evaluating inside recursion | |
6105 | (R1) (R2) ... true if directly inside capture group 1, 2, etc. | |
6106 | (R&NAME) true if directly inside named capture | |
6107 | (DEFINE) always false; for defining named subpatterns | |
96ebfdd7 | 6108 | |
9e3ec65c | 6109 | The <-- HERE shows whereabouts in the regular expression the problem was |
96ebfdd7 RK |
6110 | discovered. See L<perlre>. |
6111 | ||
a05d7ebb JH |
6112 | =item Unknown Unicode option letter '%c' |
6113 | ||
a4a4c9e2 | 6114 | (F) You specified an unknown Unicode option. See L<perlrun> documentation |
a05d7ebb JH |
6115 | of the C<-C> switch for the list of known options. |
6116 | ||
64187737 | 6117 | =item Unknown Unicode option value %d |
a05d7ebb | 6118 | |
a4a4c9e2 | 6119 | (F) You specified an unknown Unicode option. See L<perlrun> documentation |
a05d7ebb | 6120 | of the C<-C> switch for the list of known options. |
f675dbe5 | 6121 | |
e0e4a6e3 | 6122 | =item Unknown verb pattern '%s' in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
e2e6a0f1 YO |
6123 | |
6124 | (F) You either made a typo or have incorrectly put a C<*> quantifier | |
6125 | after an open brace in your pattern. Check the pattern and review | |
6126 | L<perlre> for details on legal verb patterns. | |
6127 | ||
c2771421 FC |
6128 | =item Unknown warnings category '%s' |
6129 | ||
6903afa2 | 6130 | (F) An error issued by the C<warnings> pragma. You specified a warnings |
c2771421 FC |
6131 | category that is unknown to perl at this point. |
6132 | ||
14ef4c80 FC |
6133 | Note that if you want to enable a warnings category registered by a |
6134 | module (e.g. C<use warnings 'File::Find'>), you must have loaded this | |
6135 | module first. | |
c2771421 | 6136 | |
e0e4a6e3 | 6137 | =item Unmatched '[' in POSIX class in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
675fa9ff FC |
6138 | |
6139 | (F) You had something like this: | |
6140 | ||
6141 | (?[ [:digit: ]) | |
6142 | ||
6143 | That should be written: | |
6144 | ||
6145 | (?[ [:digit:] ]) | |
6146 | ||
e0e4a6e3 FC |
6147 | =item Unmatched '%c' in POSIX class in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in |
6148 | m/%s/ | |
0d0b4b3b | 6149 | |
675fa9ff | 6150 | (F) You had something like this: |
0d0b4b3b KW |
6151 | |
6152 | (?[ [:alnum] ]) | |
6153 | ||
6154 | There should be a second C<":">, like this: | |
6155 | ||
6156 | (?[ [:alnum:] ]) | |
6157 | ||
e0e4a6e3 | 6158 | =item Unmatched [ in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
6df41af2 | 6159 | |
6903afa2 | 6160 | (F) The brackets around a character class must match. If you wish to |
be771a83 | 6161 | include a closing bracket in a character class, backslash it or put it |
e0e4a6e3 | 6162 | first. The S<<-- HERE> shows whereabouts in the regular expression the |
6903afa2 | 6163 | problem was discovered. See L<perlre>. |
6df41af2 | 6164 | |
e0e4a6e3 | 6165 | =item Unmatched ( in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
aec0ef10 | 6166 | |
e0e4a6e3 | 6167 | =item Unmatched ) in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
a0d0e21e LW |
6168 | |
6169 | (F) Unbackslashed parentheses must always be balanced in regular | |
6903afa2 | 6170 | expressions. If you're a vi user, the % key is valuable for finding |
e0e4a6e3 | 6171 | the matching parenthesis. The S<<-- HERE> shows whereabouts in the |
9e3ec65c | 6172 | regular expression the problem was discovered. See L<perlre>. |
a0d0e21e | 6173 | |
d98d5fff | 6174 | =item Unmatched right %s bracket |
a0d0e21e | 6175 | |
be771a83 GS |
6176 | (F) The lexer counted more closing curly or square brackets than opening |
6177 | ones, so you're probably missing a matching opening bracket. As a | |
6178 | general rule, you'll find the missing one (so to speak) near the place | |
6179 | you were last editing. | |
a0d0e21e | 6180 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
6181 | =item Unquoted string "%s" may clash with future reserved word |
6182 | ||
be771a83 GS |
6183 | (W reserved) You used a bareword that might someday be claimed as a |
6184 | reserved word. It's best to put such a word in quotes, or capitalize it | |
6185 | somehow, or insert an underbar into it. You might also declare it as a | |
6186 | subroutine. | |
a0d0e21e | 6187 | |
e0e4a6e3 FC |
6188 | =item Unrecognized character %s; marked by S<<-- HERE> after %s near column |
6189 | %d | |
a0d0e21e | 6190 | |
54310121 | 6191 | (F) The Perl parser has no idea what to do with the specified character |
1b303a7d FC |
6192 | in your Perl script (or eval) near the specified column. Perhaps you |
6193 | tried to run a compressed script, a binary program, or a directory as | |
6194 | a Perl program. | |
a0d0e21e | 6195 | |
e0e4a6e3 FC |
6196 | =item Unrecognized escape \%c in character class in regex; marked by |
6197 | S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ | |
0d0b4b3b | 6198 | |
675fa9ff FC |
6199 | (F) You used a backslash-character combination which is not |
6200 | recognized by Perl inside character classes. This is a fatal | |
6201 | error when the character class is used within C<(?[ ])>. | |
0d0b4b3b | 6202 | |
6fbc9859 | 6203 | =item Unrecognized escape \%c in character class passed through in regex; |
e0e4a6e3 | 6204 | marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
6df41af2 | 6205 | |
be771a83 GS |
6206 | (W regexp) You used a backslash-character combination which is not |
6207 | recognized by Perl inside character classes. The character was | |
b224edc1 | 6208 | understood literally, but this may change in a future version of Perl. |
e0e4a6e3 | 6209 | The S<<-- HERE> shows whereabouts in the regular expression the |
2628b4e0 | 6210 | escape was discovered. |
6df41af2 | 6211 | |
4a68bf9d | 6212 | =item Unrecognized escape \%c passed through |
2f7da168 | 6213 | |
2628b4e0 | 6214 | (W misc) You used a backslash-character combination which is not |
b224edc1 KW |
6215 | recognized by Perl. The character was understood literally, but this may |
6216 | change in a future version of Perl. | |
2f7da168 | 6217 | |
e0e4a6e3 FC |
6218 | =item Unrecognized escape \%s passed through in regex; marked by |
6219 | S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ | |
6df41af2 | 6220 | |
be771a83 | 6221 | (W regexp) You used a backslash-character combination which is not |
b7e4ecc1 | 6222 | recognized by Perl. The character(s) were understood literally, but |
e0e4a6e3 | 6223 | this may change in a future version of Perl. The S<<-- HERE> shows |
9e3ec65c | 6224 | whereabouts in the regular expression the escape was discovered. |
6df41af2 | 6225 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
6226 | =item Unrecognized signal name "%s" |
6227 | ||
be771a83 GS |
6228 | (F) You specified a signal name to the kill() function that was not |
6229 | recognized. Say C<kill -l> in your shell to see the valid signal names | |
6230 | on your system. | |
a0d0e21e | 6231 | |
90248788 | 6232 | =item Unrecognized switch: -%s (-h will show valid options) |
a0d0e21e | 6233 | |
be771a83 GS |
6234 | (F) You specified an illegal option to Perl. Don't do that. (If you |
6235 | think you didn't do that, check the #! line to see if it's supplying the | |
6236 | bad switch on your behalf.) | |
a0d0e21e | 6237 | |
0953b66b FC |
6238 | =item unshift on reference is experimental |
6239 | ||
0773cb3e FC |
6240 | (S experimental::autoderef) C<unshift> with a scalar argument |
6241 | is experimental and may change or be removed in a future | |
6242 | Perl version. If you want to take the risk of using this | |
6243 | feature, simply disable this warning: | |
0953b66b | 6244 | |
d401967c | 6245 | no warnings "experimental::autoderef"; |
0953b66b | 6246 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
6247 | =item Unsuccessful %s on filename containing newline |
6248 | ||
be771a83 GS |
6249 | (W newline) A file operation was attempted on a filename, and that |
6250 | operation failed, PROBABLY because the filename contained a newline, | |
5b3eff12 | 6251 | PROBABLY because you forgot to chomp() it off. See L<perlfunc/chomp>. |
a0d0e21e LW |
6252 | |
6253 | =item Unsupported directory function "%s" called | |
6254 | ||
6255 | (F) Your machine doesn't support opendir() and readdir(). | |
6256 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
6257 | =item Unsupported function %s |
6258 | ||
6259 | (F) This machine doesn't implement the indicated function, apparently. | |
6260 | At least, Configure doesn't think so. | |
6261 | ||
54310121 | 6262 | =item Unsupported function fork |
6263 | ||
6264 | (F) Your version of executable does not support forking. | |
6265 | ||
be771a83 | 6266 | Note that under some systems, like OS/2, there may be different flavors |
6903afa2 | 6267 | of Perl executables, some of which may support fork, some not. Try |
be771a83 | 6268 | changing the name you call Perl by to C<perl_>, C<perl__>, and so on. |
54310121 | 6269 | |
7aa207d6 | 6270 | =item Unsupported script encoding %s |
b250498f GS |
6271 | |
6272 | (F) Your program file begins with a Unicode Byte Order Mark (BOM) which | |
7aa207d6 | 6273 | declares it to be in a Unicode encoding that Perl cannot read. |
b250498f | 6274 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
6275 | =item Unsupported socket function "%s" called |
6276 | ||
6277 | (F) Your machine doesn't support the Berkeley socket mechanism, or at | |
6278 | least that's what Configure thought. | |
6279 | ||
6df41af2 | 6280 | =item Unterminated attribute list |
a0d0e21e | 6281 | |
be771a83 GS |
6282 | (F) The lexer found something other than a simple identifier at the |
6283 | start of an attribute, and it wasn't a semicolon or the start of a | |
6284 | block. Perhaps you terminated the parameter list of the previous | |
6285 | attribute too soon. See L<attributes>. | |
a0d0e21e | 6286 | |
09bef843 SB |
6287 | =item Unterminated attribute parameter in attribute list |
6288 | ||
be771a83 GS |
6289 | (F) The lexer saw an opening (left) parenthesis character while parsing |
6290 | an attribute list, but the matching closing (right) parenthesis | |
09bef843 SB |
6291 | character was not found. You may need to add (or remove) a backslash |
6292 | character to get your parentheses to balance. See L<attributes>. | |
6293 | ||
f1991046 GS |
6294 | =item Unterminated compressed integer |
6295 | ||
6296 | (F) An argument to unpack("w",...) was incompatible with the BER | |
6297 | compressed integer format and could not be converted to an integer. | |
6298 | See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
6299 | ||
6f2d7fc9 FC |
6300 | =item Unterminated delimiter for here document |
6301 | ||
6302 | (F) This message occurs when a here document label has an initial | |
6303 | quotation mark but the final quotation mark is missing. Perhaps | |
6304 | you wrote: | |
6305 | ||
6306 | <<"foo | |
6307 | ||
6308 | instead of: | |
6309 | ||
6310 | <<"foo" | |
6311 | ||
e0e4a6e3 | 6312 | =item Unterminated \g... pattern in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
779fedd7 | 6313 | |
e0e4a6e3 | 6314 | =item Unterminated \g{...} pattern in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
2bf803e2 | 6315 | |
5364049c KW |
6316 | (F) In a regular expression, you had a C<\g> that wasn't followed by a |
6317 | proper group reference. In the case of C<\g{>, the closing brace is | |
6318 | missing; otherwise the C<\g> must be followed by an integer. Fix the | |
6319 | pattern and retry. | |
e2e6a0f1 | 6320 | |
6df41af2 | 6321 | =item Unterminated <> operator |
09bef843 | 6322 | |
6df41af2 | 6323 | (F) The lexer saw a left angle bracket in a place where it was expecting |
be771a83 GS |
6324 | a term, so it's looking for the corresponding right angle bracket, and |
6325 | not finding it. Chances are you left some needed parentheses out | |
6326 | earlier in the line, and you really meant a "less than". | |
09bef843 | 6327 | |
e0e4a6e3 FC |
6328 | =item Unterminated verb pattern argument in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in |
6329 | m/%s/ | |
905fe053 FC |
6330 | |
6331 | (F) You used a pattern of the form C<(*VERB:ARG)> but did not terminate | |
6903afa2 | 6332 | the pattern with a C<)>. Fix the pattern and retry. |
905fe053 | 6333 | |
e0e4a6e3 | 6334 | =item Unterminated verb pattern in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
905fe053 FC |
6335 | |
6336 | (F) You used a pattern of the form C<(*VERB)> but did not terminate | |
6903afa2 | 6337 | the pattern with a C<)>. Fix the pattern and retry. |
905fe053 | 6338 | |
6df41af2 | 6339 | =item untie attempted while %d inner references still exist |
a0d0e21e | 6340 | |
be771a83 GS |
6341 | (W untie) A copy of the object returned from C<tie> (or C<tied>) was |
6342 | still valid when C<untie> was called. | |
a0d0e21e | 6343 | |
8e11cd2b JC |
6344 | =item Usage: POSIX::%s(%s) |
6345 | ||
6346 | (F) You called a POSIX function with incorrect arguments. | |
6347 | See L<POSIX/FUNCTIONS> for more information. | |
6348 | ||
6349 | =item Usage: Win32::%s(%s) | |
6350 | ||
6351 | (F) You called a Win32 function with incorrect arguments. | |
6352 | See L<Win32> for more information. | |
6353 | ||
89474f50 FC |
6354 | =item $[ used in %s (did you mean $] ?) |
6355 | ||
6356 | (W syntax) You used C<$[> in a comparison, such as: | |
6357 | ||
6358 | if ($[ > 5.006) { | |
6359 | ... | |
6360 | } | |
6361 | ||
6362 | You probably meant to use C<$]> instead. C<$[> is the base for indexing | |
6363 | arrays. C<$]> is the Perl version number in decimal. | |
6364 | ||
6da34ecb FC |
6365 | =item Use "%s" instead of "%s" |
6366 | ||
6367 | (F) The second listed construct is no longer legal. Use the first one | |
6368 | instead. | |
6369 | ||
8fe85e3f FC |
6370 | =item Useless assignment to a temporary |
6371 | ||
6372 | (W misc) You assigned to an lvalue subroutine, but what | |
6373 | the subroutine returned was a temporary scalar about to | |
6374 | be discarded, so the assignment had no effect. | |
6375 | ||
e0e4a6e3 FC |
6376 | =item Useless (?-%s) - don't use /%s modifier in regex; marked by |
6377 | S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ | |
9d1d55b5 | 6378 | |
96ebfdd7 RK |
6379 | (W regexp) You have used an internal modifier such as (?-o) that has no |
6380 | meaning unless removed from the entire regexp: | |
9d1d55b5 | 6381 | |
96ebfdd7 | 6382 | if ($string =~ /(?-o)$pattern/o) { ... } |
9d1d55b5 JP |
6383 | |
6384 | must be written as | |
6385 | ||
96ebfdd7 | 6386 | if ($string =~ /$pattern/) { ... } |
9d1d55b5 | 6387 | |
9e3ec65c FC |
6388 | The <-- HERE shows whereabouts in the regular expression the problem was |
6389 | discovered. See L<perlre>. | |
9d1d55b5 | 6390 | |
b4581f09 JH |
6391 | =item Useless localization of %s |
6392 | ||
6903afa2 FC |
6393 | (W syntax) The localization of lvalues such as C<local($x=10)> is legal, |
6394 | but in fact the local() currently has no effect. This may change at | |
b4581f09 JH |
6395 | some point in the future, but in the meantime such code is discouraged. |
6396 | ||
e0e4a6e3 FC |
6397 | =item Useless (?%s) - use /%s modifier in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in |
6398 | m/%s/ | |
9d1d55b5 | 6399 | |
96ebfdd7 RK |
6400 | (W regexp) You have used an internal modifier such as (?o) that has no |
6401 | meaning unless applied to the entire regexp: | |
9d1d55b5 | 6402 | |
96ebfdd7 | 6403 | if ($string =~ /(?o)$pattern/) { ... } |
9d1d55b5 JP |
6404 | |
6405 | must be written as | |
6406 | ||
96ebfdd7 | 6407 | if ($string =~ /$pattern/o) { ... } |
9d1d55b5 | 6408 | |
9e3ec65c FC |
6409 | The <-- HERE shows whereabouts in the regular expression the problem was |
6410 | discovered. See L<perlre>. | |
9d1d55b5 | 6411 | |
b08e453b RB |
6412 | =item Useless use of /d modifier in transliteration operator |
6413 | ||
6414 | (W misc) You have used the /d modifier where the searchlist has the | |
6903afa2 | 6415 | same length as the replacelist. See L<perlop> for more information |
b08e453b RB |
6416 | about the /d modifier. |
6417 | ||
820438b1 FC |
6418 | =item Useless use of \E |
6419 | ||
6420 | (W misc) You have a \E in a double-quotish string without a C<\U>, | |
6421 | C<\L> or C<\Q> preceding it. | |
6422 | ||
4fa6dd16 KW |
6423 | =item Useless use of greediness modifier '%c' in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
6424 | ||
6425 | (W regexp) You specified something like these: | |
6426 | ||
6427 | qr/a{3}?/ | |
6428 | qr/b{1,1}+/ | |
6429 | ||
6430 | The C<"?"> and C<"+"> don't have any effect, as they modify whether to | |
6431 | match more or fewer when there is a choice, and by specifying to match | |
6432 | exactly a given numer, there is no room left for a choice. | |
6433 | ||
6df41af2 | 6434 | =item Useless use of %s in void context |
a0d0e21e | 6435 | |
75b44862 | 6436 | (W void) You did something without a side effect in a context that does |
be771a83 GS |
6437 | nothing with the return value, such as a statement that doesn't return a |
6438 | value from a block, or the left side of a scalar comma operator. Very | |
6439 | often this points not to stupidity on your part, but a failure of Perl | |
6440 | to parse your program the way you thought it would. For example, you'd | |
6441 | get this if you mixed up your C precedence with Python precedence and | |
6442 | said | |
a0d0e21e | 6443 | |
6df41af2 | 6444 | $one, $two = 1, 2; |
748a9306 | 6445 | |
6df41af2 GS |
6446 | when you meant to say |
6447 | ||
6448 | ($one, $two) = (1, 2); | |
6449 | ||
6450 | Another common error is to use ordinary parentheses to construct a list | |
6451 | reference when you should be using square or curly brackets, for | |
6452 | example, if you say | |
6453 | ||
6454 | $array = (1,2); | |
6455 | ||
6456 | when you should have said | |
6457 | ||
6458 | $array = [1,2]; | |
6459 | ||
6460 | The square brackets explicitly turn a list value into a scalar value, | |
6461 | while parentheses do not. So when a parenthesized list is evaluated in | |
6462 | a scalar context, the comma is treated like C's comma operator, which | |
6463 | throws away the left argument, which is not what you want. See | |
6464 | L<perlref> for more on this. | |
6465 | ||
65191a1e BS |
6466 | This warning will not be issued for numerical constants equal to 0 or 1 |
6467 | since they are often used in statements like | |
6468 | ||
4358a253 | 6469 | 1 while sub_with_side_effects(); |
65191a1e BS |
6470 | |
6471 | String constants that would normally evaluate to 0 or 1 are warned | |
6472 | about. | |
6473 | ||
e0e4a6e3 | 6474 | =item Useless use of (?-p) in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
675fa9ff FC |
6475 | |
6476 | (W regexp) The C<p> modifier cannot be turned off once set. Trying to do | |
6477 | so is futile. | |
6478 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
6479 | =item Useless use of "re" pragma |
6480 | ||
6903afa2 | 6481 | (W) You did C<use re;> without any arguments. That isn't very useful. |
6df41af2 | 6482 | |
a801c63c RGS |
6483 | =item Useless use of sort in scalar context |
6484 | ||
6485 | (W void) You used sort in scalar context, as in : | |
6486 | ||
6487 | my $x = sort @y; | |
6488 | ||
6489 | This is not very useful, and perl currently optimizes this away. | |
6490 | ||
de4864e4 JH |
6491 | =item Useless use of %s with no values |
6492 | ||
f87c3213 | 6493 | (W syntax) You used the push() or unshift() function with no arguments |
6903afa2 FC |
6494 | apart from the array, like C<push(@x)> or C<unshift(@foo)>. That won't |
6495 | usually have any effect on the array, so is completely useless. It's | |
de4864e4 | 6496 | possible in principle that push(@tied_array) could have some effect |
6903afa2 | 6497 | if the array is tied to a class which implements a PUSH method. If so, |
de4864e4 JH |
6498 | you can write it as C<push(@tied_array,())> to avoid this warning. |
6499 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
6500 | =item "use" not allowed in expression |
6501 | ||
be771a83 GS |
6502 | (F) The "use" keyword is recognized and executed at compile time, and |
6503 | returns no useful value. See L<perlmod>. | |
748a9306 | 6504 | |
36b2db7e FC |
6505 | =item Use of assignment to $[ is deprecated |
6506 | ||
6507 | (D deprecated) The C<$[> variable (index of the first element in an array) | |
6903afa2 | 6508 | is deprecated. See L<perlvar/"$[">. |
36b2db7e | 6509 | |
c47ff5f1 | 6510 | =item Use of bare << to mean <<"" is deprecated |
4633a7c4 | 6511 | |
8ab8f082 | 6512 | (D deprecated) You are now encouraged to use the explicitly quoted |
1b303a7d FC |
6513 | form if you wish to use an empty line as the terminator of the |
6514 | here-document. | |
83ce3e12 | 6515 | |
96ebfdd7 RK |
6516 | =item Use of chdir('') or chdir(undef) as chdir() deprecated |
6517 | ||
6518 | (D deprecated) chdir() with no arguments is documented to change to | |
6519 | $ENV{HOME} or $ENV{LOGDIR}. chdir(undef) and chdir('') share this | |
6520 | behavior, but that has been deprecated. In future versions they | |
6521 | will simply fail. | |
6522 | ||
6523 | Be careful to check that what you pass to chdir() is defined and not | |
6524 | blank, else you might find yourself in your home directory. | |
6525 | ||
64e578a2 MJD |
6526 | =item Use of /c modifier is meaningless in s/// |
6527 | ||
6528 | (W regexp) You used the /c modifier in a substitution. The /c | |
6529 | modifier is not presently meaningful in substitutions. | |
6530 | ||
4ac733c9 MJD |
6531 | =item Use of /c modifier is meaningless without /g |
6532 | ||
6533 | (W regexp) You used the /c modifier with a regex operand, but didn't | |
6534 | use the /g modifier. Currently, /c is meaningful only when /g is | |
6535 | used. (This may change in the future.) | |
6536 | ||
591f5ca2 FC |
6537 | =item Use of comma-less variable list is deprecated |
6538 | ||
6539 | (D deprecated) The values you give to a format should be | |
6540 | separated by commas, not just aligned on a line. | |
6541 | ||
675fa9ff FC |
6542 | =item Use of each() on hash after insertion without resetting hash iterator results in undefined behavior |
6543 | ||
f26c79ba FC |
6544 | (S internal) The behavior of C<each()> after insertion is undefined; |
6545 | it may skip items, or visit items more than once. Consider using | |
6546 | C<keys()> instead of C<each()>. | |
675fa9ff | 6547 | |
2dc78664 | 6548 | =item Use of := for an empty attribute list is not allowed |
036e1e65 | 6549 | |
2dc78664 NC |
6550 | (F) The construction C<my $x := 42> used to parse as equivalent to |
6551 | C<my $x : = 42> (applying an empty attribute list to C<$x>). | |
6552 | This construct was deprecated in 5.12.0, and has now been made a syntax | |
6553 | error, so C<:=> can be reclaimed as a new operator in the future. | |
6554 | ||
6555 | If you need an empty attribute list, for example in a code generator, add | |
6556 | a space before the C<=>. | |
036e1e65 | 6557 | |
b6c83531 | 6558 | =item Use of freed value in iteration |
2f7da168 | 6559 | |
b6c83531 JH |
6560 | (F) Perhaps you modified the iterated array within the loop? |
6561 | This error is typically caused by code like the following: | |
2f7da168 RK |
6562 | |
6563 | @a = (3,4); | |
6564 | @a = () for (1,2,@a); | |
6565 | ||
6566 | You are not supposed to modify arrays while they are being iterated over. | |
6567 | For speed and efficiency reasons, Perl internally does not do full | |
6568 | reference-counting of iterated items, hence deleting such an item in the | |
6569 | middle of an iteration causes Perl to see a freed value. | |
6570 | ||
39b99f21 | 6571 | =item Use of *glob{FILEHANDLE} is deprecated |
6572 | ||
6573 | (D deprecated) You are now encouraged to use the shorter *glob{IO} form | |
6574 | to access the filehandle slot within a typeglob. | |
6575 | ||
96ebfdd7 | 6576 | =item Use of /g modifier is meaningless in split |
35ae6b54 | 6577 | |
96ebfdd7 RK |
6578 | (W regexp) You used the /g modifier on the pattern for a C<split> |
6579 | operator. Since C<split> always tries to match the pattern | |
6580 | repeatedly, the C</g> has no effect. | |
35ae6b54 | 6581 | |
0b98bec9 RGS |
6582 | =item Use of "goto" to jump into a construct is deprecated |
6583 | ||
6584 | (D deprecated) Using C<goto> to jump from an outer scope into an inner | |
6585 | scope is deprecated and should be avoided. | |
6586 | ||
dc848c6f | 6587 | =item Use of inherited AUTOLOAD for non-method %s() is deprecated |
6588 | ||
1da25648 FC |
6589 | (D deprecated) As an (ahem) accidental feature, C<AUTOLOAD> |
6590 | subroutines are looked up as methods (using the C<@ISA> hierarchy) | |
6591 | even when the subroutines to be autoloaded were called as plain | |
6592 | functions (e.g. C<Foo::bar()>), not as methods (e.g. C<< Foo->bar() >> or | |
6593 | C<< $obj->bar() >>). | |
dc848c6f | 6594 | |
be771a83 GS |
6595 | This bug will be rectified in future by using method lookup only for |
6596 | methods' C<AUTOLOAD>s. However, there is a significant base of existing | |
6597 | code that may be using the old behavior. So, as an interim step, Perl | |
6598 | currently issues an optional warning when non-methods use inherited | |
6599 | C<AUTOLOAD>s. | |
dc848c6f | 6600 | |
6601 | The simple rule is: Inheritance will not work when autoloading | |
be771a83 GS |
6602 | non-methods. The simple fix for old code is: In any module that used |
6603 | to depend on inheriting C<AUTOLOAD> for non-methods from a base class | |
6604 | named C<BaseClass>, execute C<*AUTOLOAD = \&BaseClass::AUTOLOAD> during | |
6605 | startup. | |
dc848c6f | 6606 | |
be771a83 GS |
6607 | In code that currently says C<use AutoLoader; @ISA = qw(AutoLoader);> |
6608 | you should remove AutoLoader from @ISA and change C<use AutoLoader;> to | |
7b8d334a | 6609 | C<use AutoLoader 'AUTOLOAD';>. |
a23209c7 | 6610 | |
6df41af2 GS |
6611 | =item Use of %s in printf format not supported |
6612 | ||
6613 | (F) You attempted to use a feature of printf that is accessible from | |
6614 | only C. This usually means there's a better way to do it in Perl. | |
6615 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
6616 | =item Use of %s is deprecated |
6617 | ||
75b44862 | 6618 | (D deprecated) The construct indicated is no longer recommended for use, |
be771a83 GS |
6619 | generally because there's a better way to do it, and also because the |
6620 | old way has bad side effects. | |
6df41af2 | 6621 | |
591f5ca2 FC |
6622 | =item Use of literal control characters in variable names is deprecated |
6623 | ||
4475d0d2 KW |
6624 | =item Use of literal non-graphic characters in variable names is deprecated |
6625 | ||
bc33fe8f FC |
6626 | (D deprecated) Using literal non-graphic (including control) |
6627 | characters in the source to refer to the ^FOO variables, like C<$^X> and | |
4475d0d2 KW |
6628 | C<${^GLOBAL_PHASE}> is now deprecated. (We use C<^X> and C<^G> here for |
6629 | legibility. They actually represent the non-printable control | |
6630 | characters, code points 0x18 and 0x07, respectively; C<^A> would mean | |
bc33fe8f FC |
6631 | the control character whose code point is 0x01.) This only affects |
6632 | code like C<$\cT>, where C<\cT> is a control in the source code; C<${"\cT"}> and | |
4475d0d2 KW |
6633 | C<$^T> remain valid. Things that are non-controls and also not graphic |
6634 | are NO-BREAK SPACE and SOFT HYPHEN, which were previously only allowed | |
6635 | for historical reasons. | |
591f5ca2 | 6636 | |
5840701a | 6637 | =item Use of -l on filehandle%s |
5a7abfcc FC |
6638 | |
6639 | (W io) A filehandle represents an opened file, and when you opened the file | |
6640 | it already went past any symlink you are presumably trying to look for. | |
6641 | The operation returned C<undef>. Use a filename instead. | |
6642 | ||
4055dbce RS |
6643 | =item Use of my $_ is experimental |
6644 | ||
6645 | (S experimental::lexical_topic) Lexical $_ is an experimental feature and | |
6646 | its behavior may change or even be removed in any future release of perl. | |
6647 | See the explanation under L<perlvar/$_>. | |
6648 | ||
7c7df812 FC |
6649 | =item Use of %s on a handle without * is deprecated |
6650 | ||
22d6fc57 | 6651 | (D deprecated) You used C<tie>, C<tied> or C<untie> on a scalar but that scalar |
fa816bf3 | 6652 | happens to hold a typeglob, which means its filehandle will be tied. If |
22d6fc57 FC |
6653 | you mean to tie a handle, use an explicit * as in C<tie *$handle>. |
6654 | ||
6655 | This was a long-standing bug that was removed in Perl 5.16, as there was | |
6656 | no way to tie the scalar itself when it held a typeglob, and no way to | |
6657 | untie a scalar that had had a typeglob assigned to it. If you see this | |
6658 | message, you must be using an older version. | |
7c7df812 | 6659 | |
1f1cc344 | 6660 | =item Use of reference "%s" as array index |
d804643f | 6661 | |
77b96956 | 6662 | (W misc) You tried to use a reference as an array index; this probably |
1f1cc344 JH |
6663 | isn't what you mean, because references in numerical context tend |
6664 | to be huge numbers, and so usually indicates programmer error. | |
d804643f | 6665 | |
64977eb6 | 6666 | If you really do mean it, explicitly numify your reference, like so: |
1f1cc344 | 6667 | C<$array[0+$ref]>. This warning is not given for overloaded objects, |
54e0f05c | 6668 | however, because you can overload the numification and stringification |
c69ca1d4 | 6669 | operators and then you presumably know what you are doing. |
d804643f | 6670 | |
4055dbce RS |
6671 | =item Use of state $_ is experimental |
6672 | ||
6673 | (S experimental::lexical_topic) Lexical $_ is an experimental feature and | |
6674 | its behavior may change or even be removed in any future release of perl. | |
6675 | See the explanation under L<perlvar/$_>. | |
6676 | ||
bbd7eb8a RD |
6677 | =item Use of tainted arguments in %s is deprecated |
6678 | ||
159f47d9 | 6679 | (W taint, deprecated) You have supplied C<system()> or C<exec()> with multiple |
bbd7eb8a RD |
6680 | arguments and at least one of them is tainted. This used to be allowed |
6681 | but will become a fatal error in a future version of perl. Untaint your | |
6682 | arguments. See L<perlsec>. | |
6683 | ||
cc95b072 | 6684 | =item Use of uninitialized value%s |
a0d0e21e | 6685 | |
be771a83 GS |
6686 | (W uninitialized) An undefined value was used as if it were already |
6687 | defined. It was interpreted as a "" or a 0, but maybe it was a mistake. | |
6688 | To suppress this warning assign a defined value to your variables. | |
a0d0e21e | 6689 | |
6903afa2 FC |
6690 | To help you figure out what was undefined, perl will try to tell you |
6691 | the name of the variable (if any) that was undefined. In some cases | |
6692 | it cannot do this, so it also tells you what operation you used the | |
6693 | undefined value in. Note, however, that perl optimizes your program | |
50a39ba4 | 6694 | and the operation displayed in the warning may not necessarily appear |
6903afa2 FC |
6695 | literally in your program. For example, C<"that $foo"> is usually |
6696 | optimized into C<"that " . $foo>, and the warning will refer to the | |
6697 | C<concatenation (.)> operator, even though there is no C<.> in | |
6698 | your program. | |
e5be4a53 | 6699 | |
e0e4a6e3 FC |
6700 | =item Use \x{...} for more than two hex characters in regex; marked by |
6701 | S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ | |
675fa9ff FC |
6702 | |
6703 | (F) In a regular expression, you said something like | |
6704 | ||
6705 | (?[ [ \xBEEF ] ]) | |
6706 | ||
6707 | Perl isn't sure if you meant this | |
6708 | ||
6709 | (?[ [ \x{BEEF} ] ]) | |
6710 | ||
6711 | or if you meant this | |
6712 | ||
6713 | (?[ [ \x{BE} E F ] ]) | |
6714 | ||
6715 | You need to add either braces or blanks to disambiguate. | |
6716 | ||
6fbc9859 | 6717 | =item Using just the first character returned by \N{} in character class in |
e0e4a6e3 | 6718 | regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
ff3f963a | 6719 | |
f3ba6905 FC |
6720 | (W regexp) Named Unicode character escapes C<(\N{...})> may return |
6721 | a multi-character sequence. Even though a character class is | |
6722 | supposed to match just one character of input, perl will match | |
6723 | the whole thing correctly, except when the class is inverted | |
6724 | (C<[^...]>), or the escape is the beginning or final end point of | |
6725 | a range. For these, what should happen isn't clear at all. In | |
6726 | these circumstances, Perl discards all but the first character | |
6727 | of the returned sequence, which is not likely what you want. | |
ff3f963a | 6728 | |
c794c51b FC |
6729 | =item Using !~ with %s doesn't make sense |
6730 | ||
6731 | (F) Using the C<!~> operator with C<s///r>, C<tr///r> or C<y///r> is | |
0f44b2a5 | 6732 | currently reserved for future use, as the exact behavior has not |
6903afa2 | 6733 | been decided. (Simply returning the boolean opposite of the |
c794c51b | 6734 | modified string is usually not particularly useful.) |
0876b9a0 | 6735 | |
949cf498 KW |
6736 | =item UTF-16 surrogate U+%X |
6737 | ||
4c2e59a0 | 6738 | (S surrogate) You had a UTF-16 surrogate in a context where they are |
949cf498 KW |
6739 | not considered acceptable. These code points, between U+D800 and |
6740 | U+DFFF (inclusive), are used by Unicode only for UTF-16. However, Perl | |
6741 | internally allows all unsigned integer code points (up to the size limit | |
6742 | available on your platform), including surrogates. But these can cause | |
6743 | problems when being input or output, which is likely where this message | |
6744 | came from. If you really really know what you are doing you can turn | |
8457b38f | 6745 | off this warning by C<no warnings 'surrogate';>. |
9466bab6 | 6746 | |
68dc0745 | 6747 | =item Value of %s can be "0"; test with defined() |
a6006777 | 6748 | |
75b44862 | 6749 | (W misc) In a conditional expression, you used <HANDLE>, <*> (glob), |
be771a83 GS |
6750 | C<each()>, or C<readdir()> as a boolean value. Each of these constructs |
6751 | can return a value of "0"; that would make the conditional expression | |
6752 | false, which is probably not what you intended. When using these | |
6753 | constructs in conditional expressions, test their values with the | |
6754 | C<defined> operator. | |
a6006777 | 6755 | |
f675dbe5 CB |
6756 | =item Value of CLI symbol "%s" too long |
6757 | ||
be771a83 GS |
6758 | (W misc) A warning peculiar to VMS. Perl tried to read the value of an |
6759 | %ENV element from a CLI symbol table, and found a resultant string | |
6760 | longer than 1024 characters. The return value has been truncated to | |
6761 | 1024 characters. | |
f675dbe5 | 6762 | |
0953b66b FC |
6763 | =item values on reference is experimental |
6764 | ||
0773cb3e FC |
6765 | (S experimental::autoderef) C<values> with a scalar argument |
6766 | is experimental and may change or be removed in a future | |
6767 | Perl version. If you want to take the risk of using this | |
6768 | feature, simply disable this warning: | |
0953b66b | 6769 | |
d401967c | 6770 | no warnings "experimental::autoderef"; |
0953b66b | 6771 | |
b5c19bd7 | 6772 | =item Variable "%s" is not available |
44a8e56a | 6773 | |
b5c19bd7 DM |
6774 | (W closure) During compilation, an inner named subroutine or eval is |
6775 | attempting to capture an outer lexical that is not currently available. | |
6903afa2 | 6776 | This can happen for one of two reasons. First, the outer lexical may be |
b5c19bd7 DM |
6777 | declared in an outer anonymous subroutine that has not yet been created. |
6778 | (Remember that named subs are created at compile time, while anonymous | |
6903afa2 | 6779 | subs are created at run-time.) For example, |
44a8e56a | 6780 | |
b5c19bd7 | 6781 | sub { my $a; sub f { $a } } |
44a8e56a | 6782 | |
b5c19bd7 | 6783 | At the time that f is created, it can't capture the current value of $a, |
6903afa2 | 6784 | since the anonymous subroutine hasn't been created yet. Conversely, |
b5c19bd7 DM |
6785 | the following won't give a warning since the anonymous subroutine has by |
6786 | now been created and is live: | |
be771a83 | 6787 | |
b5c19bd7 DM |
6788 | sub { my $a; eval 'sub f { $a }' }->(); |
6789 | ||
6790 | The second situation is caused by an eval accessing a variable that has | |
6791 | gone out of scope, for example, | |
6792 | ||
6793 | sub f { | |
6794 | my $a; | |
6795 | sub { eval '$a' } | |
6796 | } | |
6797 | f()->(); | |
6798 | ||
1b303a7d FC |
6799 | Here, when the '$a' in the eval is being compiled, f() is not currently |
6800 | being executed, so its $a is not available for capture. | |
44a8e56a | 6801 | |
b4581f09 JH |
6802 | =item Variable "%s" is not imported%s |
6803 | ||
120b0f81 | 6804 | (S misc) With "use strict" in effect, you referred to a global variable |
413ff9f6 | 6805 | that you apparently thought was imported from another module, because |
b4581f09 JH |
6806 | something else of the same name (usually a subroutine) is exported by |
6807 | that module. It usually means you put the wrong funny character on the | |
6808 | front of your variable. | |
6809 | ||
aec0ef10 | 6810 | =item Variable length lookbehind not implemented in regex m/%s/ |
b4581f09 JH |
6811 | |
6812 | (F) Lookbehind is allowed only for subexpressions whose length is fixed and | |
d0a29c36 KW |
6813 | known at compile time. For positive lookbehind, you can use the C<\K> |
6814 | regex construct as a way to get the equivalent functionality. See | |
6815 | L<perlre/(?<=pattern) \K>. | |
6816 | ||
6817 | There are non-obvious Unicode rules under C</i> that can match variably, | |
6818 | but which you might not think could. For example, the substring C<"ss"> | |
6819 | can match the single character LATIN SMALL LETTER SHARP S. There are | |
6820 | other sequences of ASCII characters that can match single ligature | |
6821 | characters, such as LATIN SMALL LIGATURE FFI matching C<qr/ffi/i>. | |
6822 | Starting in Perl v5.16, if you only care about ASCII matches, adding the | |
6823 | C</aa> modifier to the regex will exclude all these non-obvious matches, | |
6824 | thus getting rid of this message. You can also say C<S<use re qw(/aa)>> | |
6825 | to apply C</aa> to all regular expressions compiled within its scope. | |
6826 | See L<re>. | |
b4581f09 JH |
6827 | |
6828 | =item "%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s | |
6829 | ||
b9cc85ad FC |
6830 | (W misc) A "my", "our" or "state" variable has been redeclared in the |
6831 | current scope or statement, effectively eliminating all access to the | |
6832 | previous instance. This is almost always a typographical error. Note | |
6833 | that the earlier variable will still exist until the end of the scope | |
20d33786 | 6834 | or until all closure references to it are destroyed. |
b4581f09 | 6835 | |
6df41af2 GS |
6836 | =item Variable syntax |
6837 | ||
6838 | (A) You've accidentally run your script through B<csh> instead | |
6839 | of Perl. Check the #! line, or manually feed your script into | |
6840 | Perl yourself. | |
6841 | ||
44a8e56a | 6842 | =item Variable "%s" will not stay shared |
6843 | ||
be771a83 | 6844 | (W closure) An inner (nested) I<named> subroutine is referencing a |
b5c19bd7 | 6845 | lexical variable defined in an outer named subroutine. |
44a8e56a | 6846 | |
b5c19bd7 | 6847 | When the inner subroutine is called, it will see the value of |
be771a83 GS |
6848 | the outer subroutine's variable as it was before and during the *first* |
6849 | call to the outer subroutine; in this case, after the first call to the | |
6850 | outer subroutine is complete, the inner and outer subroutines will no | |
6851 | longer share a common value for the variable. In other words, the | |
6852 | variable will no longer be shared. | |
44a8e56a | 6853 | |
44a8e56a | 6854 | This problem can usually be solved by making the inner subroutine |
6855 | anonymous, using the C<sub {}> syntax. When inner anonymous subs that | |
b5c19bd7 | 6856 | reference variables in outer subroutines are created, they |
be771a83 | 6857 | are automatically rebound to the current values of such variables. |
44a8e56a | 6858 | |
6651ba0b FC |
6859 | =item vector argument not supported with alpha versions |
6860 | ||
8b6051f1 | 6861 | (S printf) The %vd (s)printf format does not support version objects |
6651ba0b FC |
6862 | with alpha parts. |
6863 | ||
e0e4a6e3 FC |
6864 | =item Verb pattern '%s' has a mandatory argument in regex; marked by |
6865 | S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ | |
e2e6a0f1 | 6866 | |
6903afa2 FC |
6867 | (F) You used a verb pattern that requires an argument. Supply an |
6868 | argument or check that you are using the right verb. | |
e2e6a0f1 | 6869 | |
e0e4a6e3 FC |
6870 | =item Verb pattern '%s' may not have an argument in regex; marked by |
6871 | S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ | |
e2e6a0f1 | 6872 | |
6903afa2 | 6873 | (F) You used a verb pattern that is not allowed an argument. Remove the |
e2e6a0f1 YO |
6874 | argument or check that you are using the right verb. |
6875 | ||
084610c0 GS |
6876 | =item Version number must be a constant number |
6877 | ||
6878 | (P) The attempt to translate a C<use Module n.n LIST> statement into | |
6879 | its equivalent C<BEGIN> block found an internal inconsistency with | |
6880 | the version number. | |
6881 | ||
808ee47e SP |
6882 | =item Version string '%s' contains invalid data; ignoring: '%s' |
6883 | ||
32e998fd RGS |
6884 | (W misc) The version string contains invalid characters at the end, which |
6885 | are being ignored. | |
808ee47e | 6886 | |
7e1af8bc | 6887 | =item Warning: something's wrong |
5f05dabc | 6888 | |
6889 | (W) You passed warn() an empty string (the equivalent of C<warn "">) or | |
ec8bb14c | 6890 | you called it with no args and C<$@> was empty. |
5f05dabc | 6891 | |
f86702cc | 6892 | =item Warning: unable to close filehandle %s properly |
a0d0e21e | 6893 | |
be771a83 GS |
6894 | (S) The implicit close() done by an open() got an error indication on |
6895 | the close(). This usually indicates your file system ran out of disk | |
6896 | space. | |
a0d0e21e | 6897 | |
96d7c888 FC |
6898 | =item Warning: unable to close filehandle properly: %s |
6899 | ||
6900 | =item Warning: unable to close filehandle %s properly: %s | |
6901 | ||
6902 | (S io) An error occurred when Perl implicitly closed a filehandle. This | |
6903 | usually indicates your file system ran out of disk space. | |
6904 | ||
5f05dabc | 6905 | =item Warning: Use of "%s" without parentheses is ambiguous |
a0d0e21e | 6906 | |
be771a83 GS |
6907 | (S ambiguous) You wrote a unary operator followed by something that |
6908 | looks like a binary operator that could also have been interpreted as a | |
6909 | term or unary operator. For instance, if you know that the rand | |
6910 | function has a default argument of 1.0, and you write | |
a0d0e21e LW |
6911 | |
6912 | rand + 5; | |
6913 | ||
6914 | you may THINK you wrote the same thing as | |
6915 | ||
6916 | rand() + 5; | |
6917 | ||
6918 | but in actual fact, you got | |
6919 | ||
6920 | rand(+5); | |
6921 | ||
5f05dabc | 6922 | So put in parentheses to say what you really mean. |
a0d0e21e | 6923 | |
0f539b13 BF |
6924 | =item when is experimental |
6925 | ||
6926 | (S experimental::smartmatch) C<when> depends on smartmatch, which is | |
6927 | experimental. Additionally, it has several special cases that may | |
6928 | not be immediately obvious, and their behavior may change or | |
675fa9ff FC |
6929 | even be removed in any future release of perl. See the explanation |
6930 | under L<perlsyn/Experimental Details on given and when>. | |
0f539b13 | 6931 | |
4b3603a4 JH |
6932 | =item Wide character in %s |
6933 | ||
c8f79457 | 6934 | (S utf8) Perl met a wide character (>255) when it wasn't expecting |
cd28123a JH |
6935 | one. This warning is by default on for I/O (like print). The easiest |
6936 | way to quiet this warning is simply to add the C<:utf8> layer to the | |
6937 | output, e.g. C<binmode STDOUT, ':utf8'>. Another way to turn off the | |
6938 | warning is to add C<no warnings 'utf8';> but that is often closer to | |
6939 | cheating. In general, you are supposed to explicitly mark the | |
6940 | filehandle with an encoding, see L<open> and L<perlfunc/binmode>. | |
4b3603a4 | 6941 | |
49704364 WL |
6942 | =item Within []-length '%c' not allowed |
6943 | ||
fa816bf3 FC |
6944 | (F) The count in the (un)pack template may be replaced by C<[TEMPLATE]> |
6945 | only if C<TEMPLATE> always matches the same amount of packed bytes that | |
6946 | can be determined from the template alone. This is not possible if | |
6947 | it contains any of the codes @, /, U, u, w or a *-length. Redesign | |
6948 | the template. | |
49704364 | 6949 | |
9a7dcd9c | 6950 | =item write() on closed filehandle %s |
a0d0e21e | 6951 | |
be771a83 | 6952 | (W closed) The filehandle you're writing to got itself closed sometime |
c289d2f7 | 6953 | before now. Check your control flow. |
a0d0e21e | 6954 | |
9ae3ac1a | 6955 | =item %s "\x%X" does not map to Unicode |
b4581f09 | 6956 | |
27f95370 FC |
6957 | (S utf8) When reading in different encodings, Perl tries to |
6958 | map everything into Unicode characters. The bytes you read | |
6959 | in are not legal in this encoding. For example | |
b4581f09 JH |
6960 | |
6961 | utf8 "\xE4" does not map to Unicode | |
6962 | ||
6963 | if you try to read in the a-diaereses Latin-1 as UTF-8. | |
6964 | ||
49704364 | 6965 | =item 'X' outside of string |
a0d0e21e | 6966 | |
49704364 WL |
6967 | (F) You had a (un)pack template that specified a relative position before |
6968 | the beginning of the string being (un)packed. See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
a0d0e21e | 6969 | |
49704364 | 6970 | =item 'x' outside of string in unpack |
a0d0e21e LW |
6971 | |
6972 | (F) You had a pack template that specified a relative position after | |
6973 | the end of the string being unpacked. See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
6974 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
6975 | =item YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET! |
6976 | ||
5f05dabc | 6977 | (F) And you probably never will, because you probably don't have the |
a0d0e21e | 6978 | sources to your kernel, and your vendor probably doesn't give a rip |
1b1f1335 | 6979 | about what you want. Your best bet is to put a setuid C wrapper around |
496a33f5 | 6980 | your script. |
a0d0e21e LW |
6981 | |
6982 | =item You need to quote "%s" | |
6983 | ||
be771a83 GS |
6984 | (W syntax) You assigned a bareword as a signal handler name. |
6985 | Unfortunately, you already have a subroutine of that name declared, | |
6986 | which means that Perl 5 will try to call the subroutine when the | |
6987 | assignment is executed, which is probably not what you want. (If it IS | |
6988 | what you want, put an & in front.) | |
a0d0e21e | 6989 | |
6cfd5ea7 JH |
6990 | =item Your random numbers are not that random |
6991 | ||
50a39ba4 | 6992 | (F) When trying to initialize the random seed for hashes, Perl could |
6cfd5ea7 JH |
6993 | not get any randomness out of your system. This usually indicates |
6994 | Something Very Wrong. | |
6995 | ||
e0e4a6e3 | 6996 | =item Zero length \N{} in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/ |
8a5a438d | 6997 | |
f3ba6905 | 6998 | (F) Named Unicode character escapes (C<\N{...}>) may return a zero-length |
8a5a438d FC |
6999 | sequence. Such an escape was used in an extended character class, i.e. |
7000 | C<(?[...])>, which is not permitted. Check that the correct escape has | |
e0e4a6e3 | 7001 | been used, and the correct charnames handler is in scope. The S<<-- HERE> |
8a5a438d FC |
7002 | shows whereabouts in the regular expression the problem was discovered. |
7003 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
7004 | =back |
7005 | ||
00eb3f2b RGS |
7006 | =head1 SEE ALSO |
7007 | ||
44ecbbd8 | 7008 | L<warnings>, L<diagnostics>. |
00eb3f2b | 7009 | |
56e90b21 | 7010 | =cut |