Commit | Line | Data |
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a0d0e21e LW |
1 | =head1 NAME |
2 | ||
3 | perldiag - various Perl diagnostics | |
4 | ||
5 | =head1 DESCRIPTION | |
6 | ||
7 | These messages are classified as follows (listed in increasing order of | |
8 | desperation): | |
9 | ||
10 | (W) A warning (optional). | |
d1d15184 | 11 | (D) A deprecation (enabled by default). |
00eb3f2b | 12 | (S) A severe warning (enabled by default). |
a0d0e21e LW |
13 | (F) A fatal error (trappable). |
14 | (P) An internal error you should never see (trappable). | |
54310121 | 15 | (X) A very fatal error (nontrappable). |
cb1a09d0 | 16 | (A) An alien error message (not generated by Perl). |
a0d0e21e | 17 | |
75b44862 | 18 | The majority of messages from the first three classifications above |
64977eb6 | 19 | (W, D & S) can be controlled using the C<warnings> pragma. |
e476b1b5 GS |
20 | |
21 | If a message can be controlled by the C<warnings> pragma, its warning | |
22 | category is included with the classification letter in the description | |
23 | below. | |
24 | ||
25 | Optional warnings are enabled by using the C<warnings> pragma or the B<-w> | |
26 | and B<-W> switches. Warnings may be captured by setting C<$SIG{__WARN__}> | |
27 | to a reference to a routine that will be called on each warning instead | |
28 | of printing it. See L<perlvar>. | |
29 | ||
b7eceb5b | 30 | Severe warnings are always enabled, unless they are explicitly disabled |
e476b1b5 | 31 | with the C<warnings> pragma or the B<-X> switch. |
4438c4b7 | 32 | |
748a9306 | 33 | Trappable errors may be trapped using the eval operator. See |
4438c4b7 JH |
34 | L<perlfunc/eval>. In almost all cases, warnings may be selectively |
35 | disabled or promoted to fatal errors using the C<warnings> pragma. | |
36 | See L<warnings>. | |
a0d0e21e | 37 | |
6df41af2 GS |
38 | The messages are in alphabetical order, without regard to upper or |
39 | lower-case. Some of these messages are generic. Spots that vary are | |
40 | denoted with a %s or other printf-style escape. These escapes are | |
41 | ignored by the alphabetical order, as are all characters other than | |
42 | letters. To look up your message, just ignore anything that is not a | |
43 | letter. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
44 | |
45 | =over 4 | |
46 | ||
6df41af2 | 47 | =item accept() on closed socket %s |
33633739 | 48 | |
be771a83 GS |
49 | (W closed) You tried to do an accept on a closed socket. Did you forget |
50 | to check the return value of your socket() call? See | |
51 | L<perlfunc/accept>. | |
33633739 | 52 | |
de42a5a9 | 53 | =item Allocation too large: %x |
a0d0e21e | 54 | |
6df41af2 | 55 | (X) You can't allocate more than 64K on an MS-DOS machine. |
a0d0e21e | 56 | |
1109a392 | 57 | =item '%c' allowed only after types %s |
ef54e1a4 | 58 | |
1109a392 MHM |
59 | (F) The modifiers '!', '<' and '>' are allowed in pack() or unpack() only |
60 | after certain types. See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
ef54e1a4 | 61 | |
6df41af2 | 62 | =item Ambiguous call resolved as CORE::%s(), qualify as such or use & |
43192e07 | 63 | |
75b44862 | 64 | (W ambiguous) A subroutine you have declared has the same name as a Perl |
be771a83 GS |
65 | keyword, and you have used the name without qualification for calling |
66 | one or the other. Perl decided to call the builtin because the | |
67 | subroutine is not imported. | |
43192e07 | 68 | |
6df41af2 GS |
69 | To force interpretation as a subroutine call, either put an ampersand |
70 | before the subroutine name, or qualify the name with its package. | |
71 | Alternatively, you can import the subroutine (or pretend that it's | |
72 | imported with the C<use subs> pragma). | |
43192e07 | 73 | |
6df41af2 | 74 | To silently interpret it as the Perl operator, use the C<CORE::> prefix |
496a33f5 | 75 | on the operator (e.g. C<CORE::log($x)>) or declare the subroutine |
be771a83 GS |
76 | to be an object method (see L<perlsub/"Subroutine Attributes"> or |
77 | L<attributes>). | |
43192e07 | 78 | |
c2e66d9e GS |
79 | =item Ambiguous range in transliteration operator |
80 | ||
81 | (F) You wrote something like C<tr/a-z-0//> which doesn't mean anything at | |
82 | all. To include a C<-> character in a transliteration, put it either | |
83 | first or last. (In the past, C<tr/a-z-0//> was synonymous with | |
84 | C<tr/a-y//>, which was probably not what you would have expected.) | |
85 | ||
6df41af2 | 86 | =item Ambiguous use of %s resolved as %s |
43192e07 | 87 | |
6df41af2 GS |
88 | (W ambiguous)(S) You said something that may not be interpreted the way |
89 | you thought. Normally it's pretty easy to disambiguate it by supplying | |
90 | a missing quote, operator, parenthesis pair or declaration. | |
a0d0e21e | 91 | |
d8225693 JM |
92 | =item Ambiguous use of %c resolved as operator %c |
93 | ||
94 | (W ambiguous) C<%>, C<&>, and C<*> are both infix operators (modulus, | |
3303f755 FC |
95 | bitwise and, and multiplication) I<and> initial special characters |
96 | (denoting hashes, subroutines and typeglobs), and you said something | |
97 | like C<*foo * foo> that might be interpreted as either of them. We | |
98 | assumed you meant the infix operator, but please try to make it more | |
99 | clear -- in the example given, you might write C<*foo * foo()> if you | |
100 | really meant to multiply a glob by the result of calling a function. | |
d8225693 | 101 | |
1ef43bca JM |
102 | =item Ambiguous use of %c{%s} resolved to %c%s |
103 | ||
104 | (W ambiguous) You wrote something like C<@{foo}>, which might be | |
105 | asking for the variable C<@foo>, or it might be calling a function | |
106 | named foo, and dereferencing it as an array reference. If you wanted | |
107 | the varable, you can just write C<@foo>. If you wanted to call the | |
108 | function, write C<@{foo()}> ... or you could just not have a variable | |
109 | and a function with the same name, and save yourself a lot of trouble. | |
110 | ||
e850844c FC |
111 | =item Ambiguous use of %c{%s[...]} resolved to %c%s[...] |
112 | ||
113 | =item Ambiguous use of %c{%s{...}} resolved to %c%s{...} | |
4da60377 | 114 | |
ccaaf480 FC |
115 | (W ambiguous) You wrote something like C<${foo[2]}> (where foo |
116 | represents the name of a Perl keyword), which might be looking for | |
117 | element number 2 of the array named C<@foo>, in which case please write | |
118 | C<$foo[2]>, or you might have meant to pass an anonymous arrayref to | |
119 | the function named foo, and then do a scalar deref on the value it | |
120 | returns. If you meant that, write C<${foo([2])}>. | |
121 | ||
122 | In regular expressions, the C<${foo[2]}> syntax is sometimes necessary | |
123 | to disambiguate between array subscripts and character classes. | |
124 | C</$length[2345]/>, for instance, will be interpreted as C<$length> | |
125 | followed by the character class C<[2345]>. If an array subscript is what | |
126 | you want, you can avoid the warning by changing C</${length[2345]}/> | |
127 | to the unsightly C</${\$length[2345]}/>, by renaming your array to | |
128 | something that does not coincide with a built-in keyword, or by | |
129 | simply turning off warnings with C<no warnings 'ambiguous';>. | |
4da60377 | 130 | |
bdac9d71 | 131 | =item Ambiguous use of -%s resolved as -&%s() |
397d0f13 JM |
132 | |
133 | (W ambiguous) You wrote something like C<-foo>, which might be the | |
a7f6e211 FC |
134 | string C<"-foo">, or a call to the function C<foo>, negated. If you meant |
135 | the string, just write C<"-foo">. If you meant the function call, | |
397d0f13 JM |
136 | write C<-foo()>. |
137 | ||
94b03d7d KW |
138 | =item Ambiguous use of 's//le...' resolved as 's// le...'; Rewrite as 's//el' if you meant 'use locale rules and evaluate rhs as an expression'. In Perl 5.16, it will be resolved the other way |
139 | ||
140 | (W deprecated, ambiguous) You wrote a pattern match with substitution | |
141 | immediately followed by "le". In Perl 5.14 and earlier, this is | |
142 | resolved as meaning to take the result of the substitution, and see if | |
143 | it is stringwise less-than-or-equal-to what follows in the expression. | |
144 | Having the "le" immediately following a pattern is deprecated behavior, | |
145 | so in Perl 5.16, this expression will be resolved as meaning to do the | |
146 | pattern match using the rules of the current locale, and evaluate the | |
147 | rhs as an expression when doing the substitution. In 5.14, if you want | |
148 | the latter interpretation, you can simply write "el" instead. | |
149 | ||
6df41af2 | 150 | =item '|' and '<' may not both be specified on command line |
a0d0e21e | 151 | |
be771a83 GS |
152 | (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl does its own command line |
153 | redirection, and found that STDIN was a pipe, and that you also tried to | |
154 | redirect STDIN using '<'. Only one STDIN stream to a customer, please. | |
c9f97d15 | 155 | |
6df41af2 | 156 | =item '|' and '>' may not both be specified on command line |
1028017a | 157 | |
be771a83 GS |
158 | (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl does its own command line |
159 | redirection, and thinks you tried to redirect stdout both to a file and | |
160 | into a pipe to another command. You need to choose one or the other, | |
161 | though nothing's stopping you from piping into a program or Perl script | |
162 | which 'splits' output into two streams, such as | |
1028017a | 163 | |
6df41af2 GS |
164 | open(OUT,">$ARGV[0]") or die "Can't write to $ARGV[0]: $!"; |
165 | while (<STDIN>) { | |
166 | print; | |
167 | print OUT; | |
168 | } | |
169 | close OUT; | |
c9f97d15 | 170 | |
6df41af2 | 171 | =item Applying %s to %s will act on scalar(%s) |
eb6e2d6f | 172 | |
496a33f5 SC |
173 | (W misc) The pattern match (C<//>), substitution (C<s///>), and |
174 | transliteration (C<tr///>) operators work on scalar values. If you apply | |
be771a83 | 175 | one of them to an array or a hash, it will convert the array or hash to |
ac036724 | 176 | a scalar value (the length of an array, or the population info of a |
177 | hash) and then work on that scalar value. This is probably not what | |
be771a83 GS |
178 | you meant to do. See L<perlfunc/grep> and L<perlfunc/map> for |
179 | alternatives. | |
eb6e2d6f | 180 | |
6df41af2 | 181 | =item Arg too short for msgsnd |
76cd736e | 182 | |
6df41af2 | 183 | (F) msgsnd() requires a string at least as long as sizeof(long). |
76cd736e | 184 | |
b0fdf69e | 185 | =item %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or a subroutine |
a0d0e21e | 186 | |
cc1c2e42 FC |
187 | (F) The argument to exists() must be a hash or array element or a |
188 | subroutine with an ampersand, such as: | |
a0d0e21e LW |
189 | |
190 | $foo{$bar} | |
cb4f522a | 191 | $ref->{"susie"}[12] |
cc1c2e42 | 192 | &do_something |
a0d0e21e | 193 | |
8ea97a1e | 194 | =item %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice |
5f05dabc | 195 | |
06e52bfa FC |
196 | (F) The argument to delete() must be either a hash or array element, |
197 | such as: | |
5f05dabc | 198 | |
199 | $foo{$bar} | |
cb4f522a | 200 | $ref->{"susie"}[12] |
5f05dabc | 201 | |
8ea97a1e | 202 | or a hash or array slice, such as: |
5f05dabc | 203 | |
6df41af2 GS |
204 | @foo[$bar, $baz, $xyzzy] |
205 | @{$ref->[12]}{"susie", "queue"} | |
5315574d | 206 | |
6df41af2 | 207 | =item %s argument is not a subroutine name |
a0d0e21e | 208 | |
6df41af2 | 209 | (F) The argument to exists() for C<exists &sub> must be a subroutine |
be771a83 GS |
210 | name, and not a subroutine call. C<exists &sub()> will generate this |
211 | error. | |
a0d0e21e | 212 | |
f86702cc | 213 | =item Argument "%s" isn't numeric%s |
a0d0e21e | 214 | |
be771a83 GS |
215 | (W numeric) The indicated string was fed as an argument to an operator |
216 | that expected a numeric value instead. If you're fortunate the message | |
217 | will identify which operator was so unfortunate. | |
a0d0e21e | 218 | |
b4581f09 JH |
219 | =item Argument list not closed for PerlIO layer "%s" |
220 | ||
221 | (W layer) When pushing a layer with arguments onto the Perl I/O system you | |
222 | forgot the ) that closes the argument list. (Layers take care of transforming | |
223 | data between external and internal representations.) Perl stopped parsing | |
224 | the layer list at this point and did not attempt to push this layer. | |
225 | If your program didn't explicitly request the failing operation, it may be | |
226 | the result of the value of the environment variable PERLIO. | |
227 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
228 | =item Array @%s missing the @ in argument %d of %s() |
229 | ||
75b44862 GS |
230 | (D deprecated) Really old Perl let you omit the @ on array names in some |
231 | spots. This is now heavily deprecated. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
232 | |
233 | =item assertion botched: %s | |
234 | ||
235 | (P) The malloc package that comes with Perl had an internal failure. | |
236 | ||
237 | =item Assertion failed: file "%s" | |
238 | ||
239 | (P) A general assertion failed. The file in question must be examined. | |
240 | ||
241 | =item Assignment to both a list and a scalar | |
242 | ||
243 | (F) If you assign to a conditional operator, the 2nd and 3rd arguments | |
244 | must either both be scalars or both be lists. Otherwise Perl won't | |
245 | know which context to supply to the right side. | |
246 | ||
96ebfdd7 RK |
247 | =item A thread exited while %d threads were running |
248 | ||
4447dfc1 | 249 | (W threads)(S) When using threaded Perl, a thread (not necessarily the main |
96ebfdd7 | 250 | thread) exited while there were still other threads running. |
111a855e FC |
251 | Usually it's a good idea first to collect the return values of the |
252 | created threads by joining them, and only then to exit from the main | |
96ebfdd7 RK |
253 | thread. See L<threads>. |
254 | ||
2393f1b9 | 255 | =item Attempt to access disallowed key '%s' in a restricted hash |
1b1f1335 | 256 | |
49293501 | 257 | (F) The failing code has attempted to get or set a key which is not in |
2393f1b9 | 258 | the current set of allowed keys of a restricted hash. |
49293501 | 259 | |
81689caa HS |
260 | =item Attempt to bless into a reference |
261 | ||
262 | (F) The CLASSNAME argument to the bless() operator is expected to be | |
263 | the name of the package to bless the resulting object into. You've | |
264 | supplied instead a reference to something: perhaps you wrote | |
265 | ||
266 | bless $self, $proto; | |
267 | ||
268 | when you intended | |
269 | ||
270 | bless $self, ref($proto) || $proto; | |
271 | ||
272 | If you actually want to bless into the stringified version | |
273 | of the reference supplied, you need to stringify it yourself, for | |
274 | example by: | |
275 | ||
276 | bless $self, "$proto"; | |
277 | ||
96ebfdd7 RK |
278 | =item Attempt to delete disallowed key '%s' from a restricted hash |
279 | ||
280 | (F) The failing code attempted to delete from a restricted hash a key | |
281 | which is not in its key set. | |
282 | ||
283 | =item Attempt to delete readonly key '%s' from a restricted hash | |
284 | ||
285 | (F) The failing code attempted to delete a key whose value has been | |
286 | declared readonly from a restricted hash. | |
287 | ||
de42a5a9 | 288 | =item Attempt to free non-arena SV: 0x%x |
a0d0e21e | 289 | |
be771a83 GS |
290 | (P internal) All SV objects are supposed to be allocated from arenas |
291 | that will be garbage collected on exit. An SV was discovered to be | |
292 | outside any of those arenas. | |
a0d0e21e | 293 | |
54310121 | 294 | =item Attempt to free nonexistent shared string |
bbce6d69 | 295 | |
111a855e | 296 | (P internal) Perl maintains a reference-counted internal table of |
be771a83 GS |
297 | strings to optimize the storage and access of hash keys and other |
298 | strings. This indicates someone tried to decrement the reference count | |
299 | of a string that can no longer be found in the table. | |
bbce6d69 | 300 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
301 | =item Attempt to free temp prematurely |
302 | ||
be771a83 GS |
303 | (W debugging) Mortalized values are supposed to be freed by the |
304 | free_tmps() routine. This indicates that something else is freeing the | |
305 | SV before the free_tmps() routine gets a chance, which means that the | |
306 | free_tmps() routine will be freeing an unreferenced scalar when it does | |
307 | try to free it. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
308 | |
309 | =item Attempt to free unreferenced glob pointers | |
310 | ||
e476b1b5 | 311 | (P internal) The reference counts got screwed up on symbol aliases. |
a0d0e21e LW |
312 | |
313 | =item Attempt to free unreferenced scalar | |
314 | ||
be771a83 GS |
315 | (W internal) Perl went to decrement the reference count of a scalar to |
316 | see if it would go to 0, and discovered that it had already gone to 0 | |
317 | earlier, and should have been freed, and in fact, probably was freed. | |
318 | This could indicate that SvREFCNT_dec() was called too many times, or | |
319 | that SvREFCNT_inc() was called too few times, or that the SV was | |
320 | mortalized when it shouldn't have been, or that memory has been | |
321 | corrupted. | |
a0d0e21e | 322 | |
dcdda58d GS |
323 | =item Attempt to join self |
324 | ||
325 | (F) You tried to join a thread from within itself, which is an | |
be771a83 GS |
326 | impossible task. You may be joining the wrong thread, or you may need |
327 | to move the join() to some other thread. | |
dcdda58d | 328 | |
84902520 TB |
329 | =item Attempt to pack pointer to temporary value |
330 | ||
be771a83 GS |
331 | (W pack) You tried to pass a temporary value (like the result of a |
332 | function, or a computed expression) to the "p" pack() template. This | |
333 | means the result contains a pointer to a location that could become | |
334 | invalid anytime, even before the end of the current statement. Use | |
335 | literals or global values as arguments to the "p" pack() template to | |
336 | avoid this warning. | |
84902520 | 337 | |
087b5369 RD |
338 | =item Attempt to reload %s aborted. |
339 | ||
340 | (F) You tried to load a file with C<use> or C<require> that failed to | |
341 | compile once already. Perl will not try to compile this file again | |
342 | unless you delete its entry from %INC. See L<perlfunc/require> and | |
343 | L<perlvar/%INC>. | |
344 | ||
1b20cd17 NC |
345 | =item Attempt to set length of freed array |
346 | ||
347 | (W) You tried to set the length of an array which has been freed. You | |
348 | can do this by storing a reference to the scalar representing the last index | |
349 | of an array and later assigning through that reference. For example | |
350 | ||
351 | $r = do {my @a; \$#a}; | |
352 | $$r = 503 | |
353 | ||
b7a902f4 | 354 | =item Attempt to use reference as lvalue in substr |
355 | ||
be771a83 GS |
356 | (W substr) You supplied a reference as the first argument to substr() |
357 | used as an lvalue, which is pretty strange. Perhaps you forgot to | |
358 | dereference it first. See L<perlfunc/substr>. | |
b7a902f4 | 359 | |
c32124fe NC |
360 | =item Attribute "locked" is deprecated |
361 | ||
111a855e | 362 | (D deprecated) You have used the attributes pragma to modify the "locked" |
c32124fe | 363 | attribute on a code reference. The :locked attribute is obsolete, has had no |
a5547419 | 364 | effect since 5005 threads were removed, and will be removed in a future |
c32124fe NC |
365 | release of Perl 5. |
366 | ||
f1a3ce43 NC |
367 | =item Attribute "unique" is deprecated |
368 | ||
111a855e | 369 | (D deprecated) You have used the attributes pragma to modify the "unique" |
b7a2910f | 370 | attribute on an array, hash or scalar reference. The :unique attribute has |
a5547419 FC |
371 | had no effect since Perl 5.8.8, and will be removed in a future release |
372 | of Perl 5. | |
f1a3ce43 | 373 | |
de42a5a9 | 374 | =item Bad arg length for %s, is %u, should be %d |
a0d0e21e | 375 | |
be771a83 GS |
376 | (F) You passed a buffer of the wrong size to one of msgctl(), semctl() |
377 | or shmctl(). In C parlance, the correct sizes are, respectively, | |
5f05dabc | 378 | S<sizeof(struct msqid_ds *)>, S<sizeof(struct semid_ds *)>, and |
a0d0e21e LW |
379 | S<sizeof(struct shmid_ds *)>. |
380 | ||
7a95317d GS |
381 | =item Bad evalled substitution pattern |
382 | ||
496a33f5 | 383 | (F) You've used the C</e> switch to evaluate the replacement for a |
7a95317d GS |
384 | substitution, but perl found a syntax error in the code to evaluate, |
385 | most likely an unexpected right brace '}'. | |
386 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
387 | =item Bad filehandle: %s |
388 | ||
be771a83 GS |
389 | (F) A symbol was passed to something wanting a filehandle, but the |
390 | symbol has no filehandle associated with it. Perhaps you didn't do an | |
391 | open(), or did it in another package. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
392 | |
393 | =item Bad free() ignored | |
394 | ||
be771a83 GS |
395 | (S malloc) An internal routine called free() on something that had never |
396 | been malloc()ed in the first place. Mandatory, but can be disabled by | |
9ea8bc6d | 397 | setting environment variable C<PERL_BADFREE> to 0. |
33c8a3fe | 398 | |
9ea8bc6d | 399 | This message can be seen quite often with DB_File on systems with "hard" |
be771a83 GS |
400 | dynamic linking, like C<AIX> and C<OS/2>. It is a bug of C<Berkeley DB> |
401 | which is left unnoticed if C<DB> uses I<forgiving> system malloc(). | |
a0d0e21e | 402 | |
aa689395 | 403 | =item Bad hash |
404 | ||
405 | (P) One of the internal hash routines was passed a null HV pointer. | |
406 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
407 | =item Badly placed ()'s |
408 | ||
409 | (A) You've accidentally run your script through B<csh> instead | |
410 | of Perl. Check the #! line, or manually feed your script into | |
411 | Perl yourself. | |
412 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
413 | =item Bad name after %s:: |
414 | ||
be771a83 GS |
415 | (F) You started to name a symbol by using a package prefix, and then |
416 | didn't finish the symbol. In particular, you can't interpolate outside | |
417 | of quotes, so | |
a0d0e21e LW |
418 | |
419 | $var = 'myvar'; | |
420 | $sym = mypack::$var; | |
421 | ||
422 | is not the same as | |
423 | ||
424 | $var = 'myvar'; | |
425 | $sym = "mypack::$var"; | |
426 | ||
88e1f1a2 JV |
427 | =item Bad plugin affecting keyword '%s' |
428 | ||
429 | (F) An extension using the keyword plugin mechanism violated the | |
430 | plugin API. | |
431 | ||
4ad56ec9 IZ |
432 | =item Bad realloc() ignored |
433 | ||
be771a83 GS |
434 | (S malloc) An internal routine called realloc() on something that had |
435 | never been malloc()ed in the first place. Mandatory, but can be disabled | |
4dcecea4 | 436 | by setting the environment variable C<PERL_BADFREE> to 1. |
4ad56ec9 | 437 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
438 | =item Bad symbol for array |
439 | ||
440 | (P) An internal request asked to add an array entry to something that | |
441 | wasn't a symbol table entry. | |
442 | ||
4df3f177 SP |
443 | =item Bad symbol for dirhandle |
444 | ||
445 | (P) An internal request asked to add a dirhandle entry to something | |
446 | that wasn't a symbol table entry. | |
447 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
448 | =item Bad symbol for filehandle |
449 | ||
be771a83 GS |
450 | (P) An internal request asked to add a filehandle entry to something |
451 | that wasn't a symbol table entry. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
452 | |
453 | =item Bad symbol for hash | |
454 | ||
455 | (P) An internal request asked to add a hash entry to something that | |
456 | wasn't a symbol table entry. | |
457 | ||
34d09196 GS |
458 | =item Bareword found in conditional |
459 | ||
be771a83 GS |
460 | (W bareword) The compiler found a bareword where it expected a |
461 | conditional, which often indicates that an || or && was parsed as part | |
462 | of the last argument of the previous construct, for example: | |
34d09196 GS |
463 | |
464 | open FOO || die; | |
465 | ||
be771a83 GS |
466 | It may also indicate a misspelled constant that has been interpreted as |
467 | a bareword: | |
34d09196 GS |
468 | |
469 | use constant TYPO => 1; | |
470 | if (TYOP) { print "foo" } | |
471 | ||
472 | The C<strict> pragma is useful in avoiding such errors. | |
473 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
474 | =item Bareword "%s" not allowed while "strict subs" in use |
475 | ||
476 | (F) With "strict subs" in use, a bareword is only allowed as a | |
be771a83 GS |
477 | subroutine identifier, in curly brackets or to the left of the "=>" |
478 | symbol. Perhaps you need to predeclare a subroutine? | |
6df41af2 GS |
479 | |
480 | =item Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent package | |
481 | ||
be771a83 GS |
482 | (W bareword) You used a qualified bareword of the form C<Foo::>, but the |
483 | compiler saw no other uses of that namespace before that point. Perhaps | |
484 | you need to predeclare a package? | |
6df41af2 | 485 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
486 | =item BEGIN failed--compilation aborted |
487 | ||
be771a83 GS |
488 | (F) An untrapped exception was raised while executing a BEGIN |
489 | subroutine. Compilation stops immediately and the interpreter is | |
490 | exited. | |
a0d0e21e | 491 | |
68dc0745 | 492 | =item BEGIN not safe after errors--compilation aborted |
493 | ||
494 | (F) Perl found a C<BEGIN {}> subroutine (or a C<use> directive, which | |
be771a83 GS |
495 | implies a C<BEGIN {}>) after one or more compilation errors had already |
496 | occurred. Since the intended environment for the C<BEGIN {}> could not | |
497 | be guaranteed (due to the errors), and since subsequent code likely | |
498 | depends on its correct operation, Perl just gave up. | |
68dc0745 | 499 | |
6df41af2 GS |
500 | =item \1 better written as $1 |
501 | ||
be771a83 GS |
502 | (W syntax) Outside of patterns, backreferences live on as variables. |
503 | The use of backslashes is grandfathered on the right-hand side of a | |
504 | substitution, but stylistically it's better to use the variable form | |
505 | because other Perl programmers will expect it, and it works better if | |
506 | there are more than 9 backreferences. | |
6df41af2 | 507 | |
252aa082 JH |
508 | =item Binary number > 0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable |
509 | ||
e476b1b5 | 510 | (W portable) The binary number you specified is larger than 2**32-1 |
9e24b6e2 JH |
511 | (4294967295) and therefore non-portable between systems. See |
512 | L<perlport> for more on portability concerns. | |
252aa082 | 513 | |
69282e91 | 514 | =item bind() on closed socket %s |
a0d0e21e | 515 | |
be771a83 GS |
516 | (W closed) You tried to do a bind on a closed socket. Did you forget to |
517 | check the return value of your socket() call? See L<perlfunc/bind>. | |
a0d0e21e | 518 | |
c289d2f7 JH |
519 | =item binmode() on closed filehandle %s |
520 | ||
521 | (W unopened) You tried binmode() on a filehandle that was never opened. | |
4dcecea4 | 522 | Check your control flow and number of arguments. |
c289d2f7 | 523 | |
f866a7cd FC |
524 | =item "\b{" is deprecated; use "\b\{" instead |
525 | ||
526 | =item "\B{" is deprecated; use "\B\{" instead | |
527 | ||
528 | (W deprecated, regexp) Use of an unescaped "{" immediately following a | |
529 | C<\b> or C<\B> is now deprecated so as to reserve its use for Perl | |
530 | itself in a future release. | |
531 | ||
c5a0f51a JH |
532 | =item Bit vector size > 32 non-portable |
533 | ||
e476b1b5 | 534 | (W portable) Using bit vector sizes larger than 32 is non-portable. |
c5a0f51a | 535 | |
4633a7c4 LW |
536 | =item Bizarre copy of %s in %s |
537 | ||
be771a83 | 538 | (P) Perl detected an attempt to copy an internal value that is not |
4dcecea4 | 539 | copiable. |
4633a7c4 | 540 | |
f675dbe5 CB |
541 | =item Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s |
542 | ||
be771a83 GS |
543 | (W internal) A warning peculiar to VMS. While Perl was preparing to |
544 | iterate over %ENV, it encountered a logical name or symbol definition | |
545 | which was too long, so it was truncated to the string shown. | |
f675dbe5 | 546 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
547 | =item Callback called exit |
548 | ||
4929bf7b | 549 | (F) A subroutine invoked from an external package via call_sv() |
a0d0e21e LW |
550 | exited by calling exit. |
551 | ||
6df41af2 | 552 | =item %s() called too early to check prototype |
f675dbe5 | 553 | |
be771a83 GS |
554 | (W prototype) You've called a function that has a prototype before the |
555 | parser saw a definition or declaration for it, and Perl could not check | |
556 | that the call conforms to the prototype. You need to either add an | |
557 | early prototype declaration for the subroutine in question, or move the | |
558 | subroutine definition ahead of the call to get proper prototype | |
559 | checking. Alternatively, if you are certain that you're calling the | |
560 | function correctly, you may put an ampersand before the name to avoid | |
561 | the warning. See L<perlsub>. | |
f675dbe5 | 562 | |
49704364 | 563 | =item Cannot compress integer in pack |
0258719b NC |
564 | |
565 | (F) An argument to pack("w",...) was too large to compress. The BER | |
566 | compressed integer format can only be used with positive integers, and you | |
567 | attempted to compress Infinity or a very large number (> 1e308). | |
568 | See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
569 | ||
49704364 | 570 | =item Cannot compress negative numbers in pack |
0258719b NC |
571 | |
572 | (F) An argument to pack("w",...) was negative. The BER compressed integer | |
573 | format can only be used with positive integers. See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
574 | ||
5c1f4d79 NC |
575 | =item Cannot convert a reference to %s to typeglob |
576 | ||
577 | (F) You manipulated Perl's symbol table directly, stored a reference in it, | |
578 | then tried to access that symbol via conventional Perl syntax. The access | |
579 | triggers Perl to autovivify that typeglob, but it there is no legal conversion | |
580 | from that type of reference to a typeglob. | |
581 | ||
ba2fdce6 NC |
582 | =item Cannot copy to %s in %s |
583 | ||
584 | (P) Perl detected an attempt to copy a value to an internal type that cannot | |
4dcecea4 | 585 | be directly assigned to. |
ba2fdce6 | 586 | |
b5d97229 RGS |
587 | =item Cannot find encoding "%s" |
588 | ||
589 | (S io) You tried to apply an encoding that did not exist to a filehandle, | |
590 | either with open() or binmode(). | |
591 | ||
96ebfdd7 RK |
592 | =item Can only compress unsigned integers in pack |
593 | ||
594 | (F) An argument to pack("w",...) was not an integer. The BER compressed | |
595 | integer format can only be used with positive integers, and you attempted | |
596 | to compress something else. See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
597 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
598 | =item Can't bless non-reference value |
599 | ||
600 | (F) Only hard references may be blessed. This is how Perl "enforces" | |
601 | encapsulation of objects. See L<perlobj>. | |
602 | ||
dc57907a RGS |
603 | =item Can't "break" in a loop topicalizer |
604 | ||
0d863452 RH |
605 | (F) You called C<break>, but you're in a C<foreach> block rather than |
606 | a C<given> block. You probably meant to use C<next> or C<last>. | |
607 | ||
608 | =item Can't "break" outside a given block | |
dc57907a | 609 | |
0d863452 RH |
610 | (F) You called C<break>, but you're not inside a C<given> block. |
611 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
612 | =item Can't call method "%s" on an undefined value |
613 | ||
614 | (F) You used the syntax of a method call, but the slot filled by the | |
be771a83 GS |
615 | object reference or package name contains an undefined value. Something |
616 | like this will reproduce the error: | |
6df41af2 GS |
617 | |
618 | $BADREF = undef; | |
619 | process $BADREF 1,2,3; | |
620 | $BADREF->process(1,2,3); | |
621 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
622 | =item Can't call method "%s" on unblessed reference |
623 | ||
54310121 | 624 | (F) A method call must know in what package it's supposed to run. It |
be771a83 GS |
625 | ordinarily finds this out from the object reference you supply, but you |
626 | didn't supply an object reference in this case. A reference isn't an | |
627 | object reference until it has been blessed. See L<perlobj>. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
628 | |
629 | =item Can't call method "%s" without a package or object reference | |
630 | ||
631 | (F) You used the syntax of a method call, but the slot filled by the | |
be771a83 GS |
632 | object reference or package name contains an expression that returns a |
633 | defined value which is neither an object reference nor a package name. | |
72b5445b GS |
634 | Something like this will reproduce the error: |
635 | ||
636 | $BADREF = 42; | |
637 | process $BADREF 1,2,3; | |
638 | $BADREF->process(1,2,3); | |
639 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
640 | =item Can't chdir to %s |
641 | ||
642 | (F) You called C<perl -x/foo/bar>, but C</foo/bar> is not a directory | |
643 | that you can chdir to, possibly because it doesn't exist. | |
644 | ||
0545a864 | 645 | =item Can't check filesystem of script "%s" for nosuid |
104d25b7 | 646 | |
be771a83 GS |
647 | (P) For some reason you can't check the filesystem of the script for |
648 | nosuid. | |
104d25b7 | 649 | |
22e74366 | 650 | =item Can't coerce %s to %s in %s |
a0d0e21e LW |
651 | |
652 | (F) Certain types of SVs, in particular real symbol table entries | |
55497cff | 653 | (typeglobs), can't be forced to stop being what they are. So you can't |
a0d0e21e LW |
654 | say things like: |
655 | ||
656 | *foo += 1; | |
657 | ||
658 | You CAN say | |
659 | ||
660 | $foo = *foo; | |
661 | $foo += 1; | |
662 | ||
663 | but then $foo no longer contains a glob. | |
664 | ||
0d863452 | 665 | =item Can't "continue" outside a when block |
dc57907a | 666 | |
0d863452 RH |
667 | (F) You called C<continue>, but you're not inside a C<when> |
668 | or C<default> block. | |
669 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
670 | =item Can't create pipe mailbox |
671 | ||
be771a83 GS |
672 | (P) An error peculiar to VMS. The process is suffering from exhausted |
673 | quotas or other plumbing problems. | |
a0d0e21e | 674 | |
eb64745e GS |
675 | =item Can't declare %s in "%s" |
676 | ||
30c282f6 NC |
677 | (F) Only scalar, array, and hash variables may be declared as "my", "our" or |
678 | "state" variables. They must have ordinary identifiers as names. | |
a0d0e21e | 679 | |
6df41af2 GS |
680 | =item Can't do inplace edit: %s is not a regular file |
681 | ||
be771a83 GS |
682 | (S inplace) You tried to use the B<-i> switch on a special file, such as |
683 | a file in /dev, or a FIFO. The file was ignored. | |
6df41af2 | 684 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
685 | =item Can't do inplace edit on %s: %s |
686 | ||
be771a83 GS |
687 | (S inplace) The creation of the new file failed for the indicated |
688 | reason. | |
a0d0e21e | 689 | |
54310121 | 690 | =item Can't do inplace edit without backup |
a0d0e21e | 691 | |
be771a83 GS |
692 | (F) You're on a system such as MS-DOS that gets confused if you try |
693 | reading from a deleted (but still opened) file. You have to say | |
694 | C<-i.bak>, or some such. | |
a0d0e21e | 695 | |
10f9c03d | 696 | =item Can't do inplace edit: %s would not be unique |
a0d0e21e | 697 | |
e476b1b5 | 698 | (S inplace) Your filesystem does not support filenames longer than 14 |
10f9c03d CK |
699 | characters and Perl was unable to create a unique filename during |
700 | inplace editing with the B<-i> switch. The file was ignored. | |
a0d0e21e | 701 | |
7253e4e3 | 702 | =item Can't do {n,m} with n > m in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
a0d0e21e | 703 | |
b45f050a | 704 | (F) Minima must be less than or equal to maxima. If you really want your |
7253e4e3 | 705 | regexp to match something 0 times, just put {0}. The <-- HERE shows in the |
b45f050a | 706 | regular expression about where the problem was discovered. See L<perlre>. |
a0d0e21e | 707 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
708 | =item Can't do waitpid with flags |
709 | ||
be771a83 GS |
710 | (F) This machine doesn't have either waitpid() or wait4(), so only |
711 | waitpid() without flags is emulated. | |
a0d0e21e | 712 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
713 | =item Can't emulate -%s on #! line |
714 | ||
be771a83 GS |
715 | (F) The #! line specifies a switch that doesn't make sense at this |
716 | point. For example, it'd be kind of silly to put a B<-x> on the #! | |
717 | line. | |
a0d0e21e | 718 | |
1109a392 MHM |
719 | =item Can't %s %s-endian %ss on this platform |
720 | ||
721 | (F) Your platform's byte-order is neither big-endian nor little-endian, | |
722 | or it has a very strange pointer size. Packing and unpacking big- or | |
723 | little-endian floating point values and pointers may not be possible. | |
724 | See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
725 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
726 | =item Can't exec "%s": %s |
727 | ||
d1be9408 | 728 | (W exec) A system(), exec(), or piped open call could not execute the |
be771a83 GS |
729 | named program for the indicated reason. Typical reasons include: the |
730 | permissions were wrong on the file, the file wasn't found in | |
731 | C<$ENV{PATH}>, the executable in question was compiled for another | |
732 | architecture, or the #! line in a script points to an interpreter that | |
733 | can't be run for similar reasons. (Or maybe your system doesn't support | |
734 | #! at all.) | |
a0d0e21e LW |
735 | |
736 | =item Can't exec %s | |
737 | ||
be771a83 GS |
738 | (F) Perl was trying to execute the indicated program for you because |
739 | that's what the #! line said. If that's not what you wanted, you may | |
740 | need to mention "perl" on the #! line somewhere. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
741 | |
742 | =item Can't execute %s | |
743 | ||
be771a83 GS |
744 | (F) You used the B<-S> switch, but the copies of the script to execute |
745 | found in the PATH did not have correct permissions. | |
2a92aaa0 | 746 | |
6df41af2 | 747 | =item Can't find an opnumber for "%s" |
2a92aaa0 | 748 | |
be771a83 GS |
749 | (F) A string of a form C<CORE::word> was given to prototype(), but there |
750 | is no builtin with the name C<word>. | |
6df41af2 | 751 | |
56ca2fc0 JH |
752 | =item Can't find %s character property "%s" |
753 | ||
754 | (F) You used C<\p{}> or C<\P{}> but the character property by that name | |
e1b711da KW |
755 | could not be found. Maybe you misspelled the name of the property? |
756 | See L<perluniprops/Properties accessible through \p{} and \P{}> | |
757 | for a complete list of available properties. | |
56ca2fc0 | 758 | |
6df41af2 GS |
759 | =item Can't find label %s |
760 | ||
be771a83 GS |
761 | (F) You said to goto a label that isn't mentioned anywhere that it's |
762 | possible for us to go to. See L<perlfunc/goto>. | |
2a92aaa0 GS |
763 | |
764 | =item Can't find %s on PATH | |
765 | ||
be771a83 GS |
766 | (F) You used the B<-S> switch, but the script to execute could not be |
767 | found in the PATH. | |
a0d0e21e | 768 | |
6df41af2 | 769 | =item Can't find %s on PATH, '.' not in PATH |
a0d0e21e | 770 | |
be771a83 GS |
771 | (F) You used the B<-S> switch, but the script to execute could not be |
772 | found in the PATH, or at least not with the correct permissions. The | |
773 | script exists in the current directory, but PATH prohibits running it. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
774 | |
775 | =item Can't find string terminator %s anywhere before EOF | |
776 | ||
be771a83 GS |
777 | (F) Perl strings can stretch over multiple lines. This message means |
778 | that the closing delimiter was omitted. Because bracketed quotes count | |
779 | nesting levels, the following is missing its final parenthesis: | |
a0d0e21e | 780 | |
fb73857a | 781 | print q(The character '(' starts a side comment.); |
782 | ||
97b3d10f | 783 | If you're getting this error from a here-document, you may have |
b6b8cb97 FC |
784 | included unseen whitespace before or after your closing tag or there |
785 | may not be a linebreak after it. A good programmer's editor will have | |
786 | a way to help you find these characters (or lack of characters). See | |
787 | L<perlop> for the full details on here-documents. | |
a0d0e21e | 788 | |
660a4616 TS |
789 | =item Can't find Unicode property definition "%s" |
790 | ||
5f8ad6b6 FC |
791 | (F) You may have tried to use C<\p> which means a Unicode |
792 | property (for example C<\p{Lu}> matches all uppercase | |
793 | letters). If you did mean to use a Unicode property, see | |
e1b711da | 794 | L<perluniprops/Properties accessible through \p{} and \P{}> |
5f8ad6b6 FC |
795 | for a complete list of available properties. If you didn't |
796 | mean to use a Unicode property, escape the C<\p>, either by C<\\p> | |
797 | (just the C<\p>) or by C<\Q\p> (the rest of the string, or | |
798 | until C<\E>). | |
660a4616 | 799 | |
b3647a36 | 800 | =item Can't fork: %s |
a0d0e21e | 801 | |
be771a83 GS |
802 | (F) A fatal error occurred while trying to fork while opening a |
803 | pipeline. | |
a0d0e21e | 804 | |
b3647a36 SR |
805 | =item Can't fork, trying again in 5 seconds |
806 | ||
c973c02e | 807 | (W pipe) A fork in a piped open failed with EAGAIN and will be retried |
b3647a36 SR |
808 | after five seconds. |
809 | ||
748a9306 LW |
810 | =item Can't get filespec - stale stat buffer? |
811 | ||
be771a83 GS |
812 | (S) A warning peculiar to VMS. This arises because of the difference |
813 | between access checks under VMS and under the Unix model Perl assumes. | |
814 | Under VMS, access checks are done by filename, rather than by bits in | |
815 | the stat buffer, so that ACLs and other protections can be taken into | |
816 | account. Unfortunately, Perl assumes that the stat buffer contains all | |
817 | the necessary information, and passes it, instead of the filespec, to | |
2fe2bdfd | 818 | the access-checking routine. It will try to retrieve the filespec using |
be771a83 GS |
819 | the device name and FID present in the stat buffer, but this works only |
820 | if you haven't made a subsequent call to the CRTL stat() routine, | |
821 | because the device name is overwritten with each call. If this warning | |
2fe2bdfd FC |
822 | appears, the name lookup failed, and the access-checking routine gave up |
823 | and returned FALSE, just to be conservative. (Note: The access-checking | |
be771a83 GS |
824 | routine knows about the Perl C<stat> operator and file tests, so you |
825 | shouldn't ever see this warning in response to a Perl command; it arises | |
826 | only if some internal code takes stat buffers lightly.) | |
748a9306 | 827 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
828 | =item Can't get pipe mailbox device name |
829 | ||
be771a83 GS |
830 | (P) An error peculiar to VMS. After creating a mailbox to act as a |
831 | pipe, Perl can't retrieve its name for later use. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
832 | |
833 | =item Can't get SYSGEN parameter value for MAXBUF | |
834 | ||
748a9306 LW |
835 | (P) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl asked $GETSYI how big you want your |
836 | mailbox buffers to be, and didn't get an answer. | |
a0d0e21e | 837 | |
6df41af2 | 838 | =item Can't "goto" into the middle of a foreach loop |
a0d0e21e | 839 | |
be771a83 GS |
840 | (F) A "goto" statement was executed to jump into the middle of a foreach |
841 | loop. You can't get there from here. See L<perlfunc/goto>. | |
6df41af2 GS |
842 | |
843 | =item Can't "goto" out of a pseudo block | |
844 | ||
be771a83 GS |
845 | (F) A "goto" statement was executed to jump out of what might look like |
846 | a block, except that it isn't a proper block. This usually occurs if | |
847 | you tried to jump out of a sort() block or subroutine, which is a no-no. | |
848 | See L<perlfunc/goto>. | |
a0d0e21e | 849 | |
9850bf21 | 850 | =item Can't goto subroutine from a sort sub (or similar callback) |
cd299c6e | 851 | |
9850bf21 RH |
852 | (F) The "goto subroutine" call can't be used to jump out of the |
853 | comparison sub for a sort(), or from a similar callback (such | |
854 | as the reduce() function in List::Util). | |
855 | ||
c74ace89 | 856 | =item Can't goto subroutine from an eval-%s |
b150fb22 | 857 | |
be771a83 | 858 | (F) The "goto subroutine" call can't be used to jump out of an eval |
c74ace89 | 859 | "string" or block. |
b150fb22 | 860 | |
6df41af2 GS |
861 | =item Can't goto subroutine outside a subroutine |
862 | ||
be771a83 GS |
863 | (F) The deeply magical "goto subroutine" call can only replace one |
864 | subroutine call for another. It can't manufacture one out of whole | |
865 | cloth. In general you should be calling it out of only an AUTOLOAD | |
866 | routine anyway. See L<perlfunc/goto>. | |
6df41af2 | 867 | |
0b5b802d GS |
868 | =item Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default |
869 | ||
be771a83 GS |
870 | (W signal) Perl has detected that it is being run with the SIGCHLD |
871 | signal (sometimes known as SIGCLD) disabled. Since disabling this | |
872 | signal will interfere with proper determination of exit status of child | |
873 | processes, Perl has reset the signal to its default value. This | |
874 | situation typically indicates that the parent program under which Perl | |
875 | may be running (e.g. cron) is being very careless. | |
0b5b802d | 876 | |
e2c0f81f DG |
877 | =item Can't kill a non-numeric process ID |
878 | ||
879 | (F) Process identifiers must be (signed) integers. It is a fatal error to | |
880 | attempt to kill() an undefined, empty-string or otherwise non-numeric | |
881 | process identifier. | |
882 | ||
6df41af2 | 883 | =item Can't "last" outside a loop block |
4633a7c4 | 884 | |
6df41af2 | 885 | (F) A "last" statement was executed to break out of the current block, |
be771a83 GS |
886 | except that there's this itty bitty problem called there isn't a current |
887 | block. Note that an "if" or "else" block doesn't count as a "loopish" | |
888 | block, as doesn't a block given to sort(), map() or grep(). You can | |
889 | usually double the curlies to get the same effect though, because the | |
890 | inner curlies will be considered a block that loops once. See | |
891 | L<perlfunc/last>. | |
4633a7c4 | 892 | |
2c7d6b9c RGS |
893 | =item Can't linearize anonymous symbol table |
894 | ||
895 | (F) Perl tried to calculate the method resolution order (MRO) of a | |
896 | package, but failed because the package stash has no name. | |
897 | ||
b8170e59 JB |
898 | =item Can't load '%s' for module %s |
899 | ||
900 | (F) The module you tried to load failed to load a dynamic extension. This | |
901 | may either mean that you upgraded your version of perl to one that is | |
902 | incompatible with your old dynamic extensions (which is known to happen | |
903 | between major versions of perl), or (more likely) that your dynamic | |
16d98ec5 | 904 | extension was built against an older version of the library that is |
b8170e59 JB |
905 | installed on your system. You may need to rebuild your old dynamic |
906 | extensions. | |
907 | ||
748a9306 LW |
908 | =item Can't localize lexical variable %s |
909 | ||
2ba9eb46 | 910 | (F) You used local on a variable name that was previously declared as a |
30c282f6 | 911 | lexical variable using "my" or "state". This is not allowed. If you want to |
748a9306 LW |
912 | localize a package variable of the same name, qualify it with the |
913 | package name. | |
914 | ||
6df41af2 | 915 | =item Can't localize through a reference |
4727527e | 916 | |
6df41af2 GS |
917 | (F) You said something like C<local $$ref>, which Perl can't currently |
918 | handle, because when it goes to restore the old value of whatever $ref | |
be771a83 | 919 | pointed to after the scope of the local() is finished, it can't be sure |
64977eb6 | 920 | that $ref will still be a reference. |
4727527e | 921 | |
ea071790 | 922 | =item Can't locate %s |
ec889f3a GS |
923 | |
924 | (F) You said to C<do> (or C<require>, or C<use>) a file that couldn't be | |
925 | found. Perl looks for the file in all the locations mentioned in @INC, | |
be771a83 GS |
926 | unless the file name included the full path to the file. Perhaps you |
927 | need to set the PERL5LIB or PERL5OPT environment variable to say where | |
928 | the extra library is, or maybe the script needs to add the library name | |
929 | to @INC. Or maybe you just misspelled the name of the file. See | |
930 | L<perlfunc/require> and L<lib>. | |
a0d0e21e | 931 | |
6df41af2 GS |
932 | =item Can't locate auto/%s.al in @INC |
933 | ||
be771a83 GS |
934 | (F) A function (or method) was called in a package which allows |
935 | autoload, but there is no function to autoload. Most probable causes | |
936 | are a misprint in a function/method name or a failure to C<AutoSplit> | |
937 | the file, say, by doing C<make install>. | |
6df41af2 | 938 | |
b8170e59 JB |
939 | =item Can't locate loadable object for module %s in @INC |
940 | ||
941 | (F) The module you loaded is trying to load an external library, like | |
942 | for example, C<foo.so> or C<bar.dll>, but the L<DynaLoader> module was | |
943 | unable to locate this library. See L<DynaLoader>. | |
944 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
945 | =item Can't locate object method "%s" via package "%s" |
946 | ||
947 | (F) You called a method correctly, and it correctly indicated a package | |
948 | functioning as a class, but that package doesn't define that particular | |
2ba9eb46 | 949 | method, nor does any of its base classes. See L<perlobj>. |
a0d0e21e LW |
950 | |
951 | =item Can't locate package %s for @%s::ISA | |
952 | ||
be771a83 GS |
953 | (W syntax) The @ISA array contained the name of another package that |
954 | doesn't seem to exist. | |
a0d0e21e | 955 | |
2f7da168 RK |
956 | =item Can't locate PerlIO%s |
957 | ||
958 | (F) You tried to use in open() a PerlIO layer that does not exist, | |
959 | e.g. open(FH, ">:nosuchlayer", "somefile"). | |
960 | ||
3e3baf6d TB |
961 | =item Can't make list assignment to \%ENV on this system |
962 | ||
be771a83 GS |
963 | (F) List assignment to %ENV is not supported on some systems, notably |
964 | VMS. | |
3e3baf6d | 965 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
966 | =item Can't modify %s in %s |
967 | ||
be771a83 GS |
968 | (F) You aren't allowed to assign to the item indicated, or otherwise try |
969 | to change it, such as with an auto-increment. | |
a0d0e21e | 970 | |
54310121 | 971 | =item Can't modify nonexistent substring |
a0d0e21e LW |
972 | |
973 | (P) The internal routine that does assignment to a substr() was handed | |
974 | a NULL. | |
975 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
976 | =item Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call |
977 | ||
978 | (F) Subroutines meant to be used in lvalue context should be declared as | |
2fe2bdfd | 979 | such. See L<perlsub/"Lvalue subroutines">. |
6df41af2 | 980 | |
5f05dabc | 981 | =item Can't msgrcv to read-only var |
a0d0e21e | 982 | |
5f05dabc | 983 | (F) The target of a msgrcv must be modifiable to be used as a receive |
a0d0e21e LW |
984 | buffer. |
985 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
986 | =item Can't "next" outside a loop block |
987 | ||
988 | (F) A "next" statement was executed to reiterate the current block, but | |
989 | there isn't a current block. Note that an "if" or "else" block doesn't | |
be771a83 GS |
990 | count as a "loopish" block, as doesn't a block given to sort(), map() or |
991 | grep(). You can usually double the curlies to get the same effect | |
992 | though, because the inner curlies will be considered a block that loops | |
993 | once. See L<perlfunc/next>. | |
6df41af2 | 994 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
995 | =item Can't open %s: %s |
996 | ||
c47ff5f1 | 997 | (S inplace) The implicit opening of a file through use of the C<< <> >> |
08e9d68e DD |
998 | filehandle, either implicitly under the C<-n> or C<-p> command-line |
999 | switches, or explicitly, failed for the indicated reason. Usually this | |
be771a83 GS |
1000 | is because you don't have read permission for a file which you named on |
1001 | the command line. | |
a0d0e21e | 1002 | |
9a869a14 RGS |
1003 | =item Can't open a reference |
1004 | ||
1005 | (W io) You tried to open a scalar reference for reading or writing, | |
2fe2bdfd | 1006 | using the 3-arg open() syntax: |
9a869a14 RGS |
1007 | |
1008 | open FH, '>', $ref; | |
1009 | ||
1010 | but your version of perl is compiled without perlio, and this form of | |
1011 | open is not supported. | |
1012 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
1013 | =item Can't open bidirectional pipe |
1014 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1015 | (W pipe) You tried to say C<open(CMD, "|cmd|")>, which is not supported. |
1016 | You can try any of several modules in the Perl library to do this, such | |
1017 | as IPC::Open2. Alternately, direct the pipe's output to a file using | |
1018 | ">", and then read it in under a different file handle. | |
a0d0e21e | 1019 | |
748a9306 LW |
1020 | =item Can't open error file %s as stderr |
1021 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1022 | (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl does its own command line |
1023 | redirection, and couldn't open the file specified after '2>' or '2>>' on | |
1024 | the command line for writing. | |
748a9306 LW |
1025 | |
1026 | =item Can't open input file %s as stdin | |
1027 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1028 | (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl does its own command line |
1029 | redirection, and couldn't open the file specified after '<' on the | |
1030 | command line for reading. | |
748a9306 LW |
1031 | |
1032 | =item Can't open output file %s as stdout | |
1033 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1034 | (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl does its own command line |
1035 | redirection, and couldn't open the file specified after '>' or '>>' on | |
1036 | the command line for writing. | |
748a9306 LW |
1037 | |
1038 | =item Can't open output pipe (name: %s) | |
1039 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1040 | (P) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl does its own command line |
1041 | redirection, and couldn't open the pipe into which to send data destined | |
1042 | for stdout. | |
748a9306 | 1043 | |
2b8ca739 | 1044 | =item Can't open perl script%s |
a0d0e21e LW |
1045 | |
1046 | (F) The script you specified can't be opened for the indicated reason. | |
1047 | ||
fa3aa65a JC |
1048 | If you're debugging a script that uses #!, and normally relies on the |
1049 | shell's $PATH search, the -S option causes perl to do that search, so | |
1050 | you don't have to type the path or C<`which $scriptname`>. | |
1051 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
1052 | =item Can't read CRTL environ |
1053 | ||
1054 | (S) A warning peculiar to VMS. Perl tried to read an element of %ENV | |
1055 | from the CRTL's internal environment array and discovered the array was | |
1056 | missing. You need to figure out where your CRTL misplaced its environ | |
be771a83 GS |
1057 | or define F<PERL_ENV_TABLES> (see L<perlvms>) so that environ is not |
1058 | searched. | |
6df41af2 | 1059 | |
6df41af2 GS |
1060 | =item Can't "redo" outside a loop block |
1061 | ||
1062 | (F) A "redo" statement was executed to restart the current block, but | |
1063 | there isn't a current block. Note that an "if" or "else" block doesn't | |
1064 | count as a "loopish" block, as doesn't a block given to sort(), map() | |
1065 | or grep(). You can usually double the curlies to get the same effect | |
1066 | though, because the inner curlies will be considered a block that | |
1067 | loops once. See L<perlfunc/redo>. | |
1068 | ||
64977eb6 | 1069 | =item Can't remove %s: %s, skipping file |
10f9c03d | 1070 | |
be771a83 GS |
1071 | (S inplace) You requested an inplace edit without creating a backup |
1072 | file. Perl was unable to remove the original file to replace it with | |
1073 | the modified file. The file was left unmodified. | |
10f9c03d | 1074 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
1075 | =item Can't rename %s to %s: %s, skipping file |
1076 | ||
e476b1b5 | 1077 | (S inplace) The rename done by the B<-i> switch failed for some reason, |
10f9c03d | 1078 | probably because you don't have write permission to the directory. |
a0d0e21e | 1079 | |
748a9306 LW |
1080 | =item Can't reopen input pipe (name: %s) in binary mode |
1081 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1082 | (P) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl thought stdin was a pipe, and tried |
1083 | to reopen it to accept binary data. Alas, it failed. | |
748a9306 | 1084 | |
fe13d51d | 1085 | =item Can't resolve method "%s" overloading "%s" in package "%s" |
6df41af2 | 1086 | |
be771a83 GS |
1087 | (F|P) Error resolving overloading specified by a method name (as opposed |
1088 | to a subroutine reference): no such method callable via the package. If | |
2fe2bdfd | 1089 | the method name is C<???>, this is an internal error. |
6df41af2 | 1090 | |
cd06dffe GS |
1091 | =item Can't return %s from lvalue subroutine |
1092 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1093 | (F) Perl detected an attempt to return illegal lvalues (such as |
1094 | temporary or readonly values) from a subroutine used as an lvalue. This | |
1095 | is not allowed. | |
cd06dffe | 1096 | |
96ebfdd7 RK |
1097 | =item Can't return outside a subroutine |
1098 | ||
1099 | (F) The return statement was executed in mainline code, that is, where | |
1100 | there was no subroutine call to return out of. See L<perlsub>. | |
1101 | ||
78f9721b SM |
1102 | =item Can't return %s to lvalue scalar context |
1103 | ||
1104 | (F) You tried to return a complete array or hash from an lvalue subroutine, | |
1105 | but you called the subroutine in a way that made Perl think you meant | |
1106 | to return only one value. You probably meant to write parentheses around | |
1107 | the call to the subroutine, which tell Perl that the call should be in | |
1108 | list context. | |
1109 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
1110 | =item Can't stat script "%s" |
1111 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1112 | (P) For some reason you can't fstat() the script even though you have it |
1113 | open already. Bizarre. | |
a0d0e21e | 1114 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
1115 | =item Can't take log of %g |
1116 | ||
fb73857a | 1117 | (F) For ordinary real numbers, you can't take the logarithm of a |
1118 | negative number or zero. There's a Math::Complex package that comes | |
be771a83 GS |
1119 | standard with Perl, though, if you really want to do that for the |
1120 | negative numbers. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
1121 | |
1122 | =item Can't take sqrt of %g | |
1123 | ||
1124 | (F) For ordinary real numbers, you can't take the square root of a | |
fb73857a | 1125 | negative number. There's a Math::Complex package that comes standard |
1126 | with Perl, though, if you really want to do that. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
1127 | |
1128 | =item Can't undef active subroutine | |
1129 | ||
1130 | (F) You can't undefine a routine that's currently running. You can, | |
1131 | however, redefine it while it's running, and you can even undef the | |
1132 | redefined subroutine while the old routine is running. Go figure. | |
1133 | ||
c81225bc | 1134 | =item Can't upgrade %s (%d) to %d |
a0d0e21e | 1135 | |
be771a83 GS |
1136 | (P) The internal sv_upgrade routine adds "members" to an SV, making it |
1137 | into a more specialized kind of SV. The top several SV types are so | |
1138 | specialized, however, that they cannot be interconverted. This message | |
1139 | indicates that such a conversion was attempted. | |
a0d0e21e | 1140 | |
1db89ea5 BS |
1141 | =item Can't use anonymous symbol table for method lookup |
1142 | ||
e27ad1f2 | 1143 | (F) The internal routine that does method lookup was handed a symbol |
1db89ea5 BS |
1144 | table that doesn't have a name. Symbol tables can become anonymous |
1145 | for example by undefining stashes: C<undef %Some::Package::>. | |
1146 | ||
96ebfdd7 RK |
1147 | =item Can't use an undefined value as %s reference |
1148 | ||
1149 | (F) A value used as either a hard reference or a symbolic reference must | |
1150 | be a defined value. This helps to delurk some insidious errors. | |
1151 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
1152 | =item Can't use bareword ("%s") as %s ref while "strict refs" in use |
1153 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1154 | (F) Only hard references are allowed by "strict refs". Symbolic |
1155 | references are disallowed. See L<perlref>. | |
6df41af2 | 1156 | |
90b75b61 | 1157 | =item Can't use %! because Errno.pm is not available |
1d2dff63 GS |
1158 | |
1159 | (F) The first time the %! hash is used, perl automatically loads the | |
1160 | Errno.pm module. The Errno module is expected to tie the %! hash to | |
1161 | provide symbolic names for C<$!> errno values. | |
1162 | ||
1109a392 MHM |
1163 | =item Can't use both '<' and '>' after type '%c' in %s |
1164 | ||
1165 | (F) A type cannot be forced to have both big-endian and little-endian | |
1166 | byte-order at the same time, so this combination of modifiers is not | |
1167 | allowed. See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
1168 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
1169 | =item Can't use %s for loop variable |
1170 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1171 | (F) Only a simple scalar variable may be used as a loop variable on a |
1172 | foreach. | |
6df41af2 | 1173 | |
aab6a793 | 1174 | =item Can't use global %s in "%s" |
6df41af2 | 1175 | |
be771a83 GS |
1176 | (F) You tried to declare a magical variable as a lexical variable. This |
1177 | is not allowed, because the magic can be tied to only one location | |
1178 | (namely the global variable) and it would be incredibly confusing to | |
1179 | have variables in your program that looked like magical variables but | |
6df41af2 GS |
1180 | weren't. |
1181 | ||
6d3b25aa RGS |
1182 | =item Can't use '%c' in a group with different byte-order in %s |
1183 | ||
1184 | (F) You attempted to force a different byte-order on a type | |
1185 | that is already inside a group with a byte-order modifier. | |
1186 | For example you cannot force little-endianness on a type that | |
1187 | is inside a big-endian group. | |
1188 | ||
c07a80fd | 1189 | =item Can't use "my %s" in sort comparison |
1190 | ||
1191 | (F) The global variables $a and $b are reserved for sort comparisons. | |
c47ff5f1 | 1192 | You mentioned $a or $b in the same line as the <=> or cmp operator, |
c07a80fd | 1193 | and the variable had earlier been declared as a lexical variable. |
1194 | Either qualify the sort variable with the package name, or rename the | |
1195 | lexical variable. | |
1196 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
1197 | =item Can't use %s ref as %s ref |
1198 | ||
1199 | (F) You've mixed up your reference types. You have to dereference a | |
1200 | reference of the type needed. You can use the ref() function to | |
1201 | test the type of the reference, if need be. | |
1202 | ||
748a9306 | 1203 | =item Can't use string ("%s") as %s ref while "strict refs" in use |
a0d0e21e | 1204 | |
be771a83 GS |
1205 | (F) Only hard references are allowed by "strict refs". Symbolic |
1206 | references are disallowed. See L<perlref>. | |
a0d0e21e | 1207 | |
748a9306 LW |
1208 | =item Can't use subscript on %s |
1209 | ||
1210 | (F) The compiler tried to interpret a bracketed expression as a | |
1211 | subscript. But to the left of the brackets was an expression that | |
209e7cf1 | 1212 | didn't look like a hash or array reference, or anything else subscriptable. |
748a9306 | 1213 | |
6df41af2 GS |
1214 | =item Can't use \%c to mean $%c in expression |
1215 | ||
75b44862 GS |
1216 | (W syntax) In an ordinary expression, backslash is a unary operator that |
1217 | creates a reference to its argument. The use of backslash to indicate a | |
1218 | backreference to a matched substring is valid only as part of a regular | |
be771a83 GS |
1219 | expression pattern. Trying to do this in ordinary Perl code produces a |
1220 | value that prints out looking like SCALAR(0xdecaf). Use the $1 form | |
1221 | instead. | |
6df41af2 | 1222 | |
0d863452 | 1223 | =item Can't use "when" outside a topicalizer |
dc57907a | 1224 | |
0d863452 RH |
1225 | (F) You have used a when() block that is neither inside a C<foreach> |
1226 | loop nor a C<given> block. (Note that this error is issued on exit | |
1227 | from the C<when> block, so you won't get the error if the match fails, | |
1228 | or if you use an explicit C<continue>.) | |
1229 | ||
810b8aa5 GS |
1230 | =item Can't weaken a nonreference |
1231 | ||
1232 | (F) You attempted to weaken something that was not a reference. Only | |
1233 | references can be weakened. | |
1234 | ||
5f05dabc | 1235 | =item Can't x= to read-only value |
a0d0e21e | 1236 | |
be771a83 GS |
1237 | (F) You tried to repeat a constant value (often the undefined value) |
1238 | with an assignment operator, which implies modifying the value itself. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
1239 | Perhaps you need to copy the value to a temporary, and repeat that. |
1240 | ||
4a68bf9d | 1241 | =item Character following "\c" must be ASCII |
f9d13529 | 1242 | |
17a3df4c KW |
1243 | (F|W deprecated, syntax) In C<\cI<X>>, I<X> must be an ASCII character. |
1244 | It is planned to make this fatal in all instances in Perl 5.16. In the | |
1245 | cases where it isn't fatal, the character this evaluates to is | |
1246 | derived by exclusive or'ing the code point of this character with 0x40. | |
1247 | ||
1248 | Note that non-alphabetic ASCII characters are discouraged here as well. | |
f9d13529 | 1249 | |
f337b084 | 1250 | =item Character in 'C' format wrapped in pack |
ac7cd81a SC |
1251 | |
1252 | (W pack) You said | |
1253 | ||
1254 | pack("C", $x) | |
1255 | ||
1256 | where $x is either less than 0 or more than 255; the C<"C"> format is | |
1257 | only for encoding native operating system characters (ASCII, EBCDIC, | |
1258 | and so on) and not for Unicode characters, so Perl behaved as if you meant | |
1259 | ||
1260 | pack("C", $x & 255) | |
1261 | ||
1262 | If you actually want to pack Unicode codepoints, use the C<"U"> format | |
1263 | instead. | |
1264 | ||
f337b084 TH |
1265 | =item Character in 'W' format wrapped in pack |
1266 | ||
1267 | (W pack) You said | |
1268 | ||
1269 | pack("U0W", $x) | |
1270 | ||
1271 | where $x is either less than 0 or more than 255. However, C<U0>-mode expects | |
1272 | all values to fall in the interval [0, 255], so Perl behaved as if you | |
1273 | meant: | |
1274 | ||
1275 | pack("U0W", $x & 255) | |
1276 | ||
1277 | =item Character in 'c' format wrapped in pack | |
ac7cd81a SC |
1278 | |
1279 | (W pack) You said | |
1280 | ||
1281 | pack("c", $x) | |
1282 | ||
1283 | where $x is either less than -128 or more than 127; the C<"c"> format | |
1284 | is only for encoding native operating system characters (ASCII, EBCDIC, | |
1285 | and so on) and not for Unicode characters, so Perl behaved as if you meant | |
1286 | ||
1287 | pack("c", $x & 255); | |
1288 | ||
1289 | If you actually want to pack Unicode codepoints, use the C<"U"> format | |
1290 | instead. | |
1291 | ||
f337b084 TH |
1292 | =item Character in '%c' format wrapped in unpack |
1293 | ||
1294 | (W unpack) You tried something like | |
1295 | ||
1296 | unpack("H", "\x{2a1}") | |
1297 | ||
1a147d38 | 1298 | where the format expects to process a byte (a character with a value |
f337b084 TH |
1299 | below 256), but a higher value was provided instead. Perl uses the value |
1300 | modulus 256 instead, as if you had provided: | |
1301 | ||
1302 | unpack("H", "\x{a1}") | |
1303 | ||
1304 | =item Character(s) in '%c' format wrapped in pack | |
1305 | ||
1306 | (W pack) You tried something like | |
1307 | ||
1308 | pack("u", "\x{1f3}b") | |
1309 | ||
1a147d38 YO |
1310 | where the format expects to process a sequence of bytes (character with a |
1311 | value below 256), but some of the characters had a higher value. Perl | |
f337b084 TH |
1312 | uses the character values modulus 256 instead, as if you had provided: |
1313 | ||
1314 | pack("u", "\x{f3}b") | |
1315 | ||
1316 | =item Character(s) in '%c' format wrapped in unpack | |
1317 | ||
1318 | (W unpack) You tried something like | |
1319 | ||
1320 | unpack("s", "\x{1f3}b") | |
1321 | ||
1a147d38 YO |
1322 | where the format expects to process a sequence of bytes (character with a |
1323 | value below 256), but some of the characters had a higher value. Perl | |
f337b084 TH |
1324 | uses the character values modulus 256 instead, as if you had provided: |
1325 | ||
1326 | unpack("s", "\x{f3}b") | |
1327 | ||
f866a7cd FC |
1328 | =item "\c{" is deprecated and is more clearly written as ";" |
1329 | ||
1330 | (D deprecated, syntax) The C<\cI<X>> construct is intended to be a way | |
1331 | to specify non-printable characters. You used it with a "{" which | |
1332 | evaluates to ";", which is printable. It is planned to remove the | |
1333 | ability to specify a semi-colon this way in Perl 5.16. Just use a | |
1334 | semi-colon or a backslash-semi-colon without the "\c". | |
1335 | ||
1336 | =item "\c%c" is more clearly written simply as "%s" | |
1337 | ||
1338 | (W syntax) The C<\cI<X>> construct is intended to be a way to specify | |
1339 | non-printable characters. You used it for a printable one, which is better | |
1340 | written as simply itself, perhaps preceded by a backslash for non-word | |
1341 | characters. | |
1342 | ||
96ebfdd7 RK |
1343 | =item close() on unopened filehandle %s |
1344 | ||
1345 | (W unopened) You tried to close a filehandle that was never opened. | |
1346 | ||
abc7ecad SP |
1347 | =item closedir() attempted on invalid dirhandle %s |
1348 | ||
1349 | (W io) The dirhandle you tried to close is either closed or not really | |
1350 | a dirhandle. Check your control flow. | |
1351 | ||
541ed3a9 FC |
1352 | =item Closure prototype called |
1353 | ||
1354 | (F) If a closure has attributes, the subroutine passed to an attribute | |
1355 | handler is the prototype that is cloned when a new closure is created. | |
1356 | This subroutine cannot be called. | |
1357 | ||
49704364 WL |
1358 | =item Code missing after '/' |
1359 | ||
1360 | (F) You had a (sub-)template that ends with a '/'. There must be another | |
1361 | template code following the slash. See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
1362 | ||
0876b9a0 KW |
1363 | =item Code point 0x%X is not Unicode, may not be portable |
1364 | ||
9ae3ac1a KW |
1365 | =item Code point 0x%X is not Unicode, no properties match it; all inverse properties do |
1366 | ||
8457b38f | 1367 | (W utf8, non_unicode) You had a code point above the Unicode maximum of U+10FFFF. |
0876b9a0 KW |
1368 | |
1369 | Perl allows strings to contain a superset of Unicode code | |
1370 | points, up to the limit of what is storable in an unsigned integer on | |
1371 | your system, but these may not be accepted by other languages/systems. | |
1372 | At one time, it was legal in some standards to have code points up to | |
1373 | 0x7FFF_FFFF, but not higher. Code points above 0xFFFF_FFFF require | |
1374 | larger than a 32 bit word. | |
1375 | ||
9ae3ac1a KW |
1376 | None of the Unicode or Perl-defined properties will match a non-Unicode |
1377 | code point. For example, | |
1378 | ||
1379 | chr(0x7FF_FFFF) =~ /\p{Any}/ | |
1380 | ||
1381 | will not match, because the code point is not in Unicode. But | |
1382 | ||
1383 | chr(0x7FF_FFFF) =~ /\P{Any}/ | |
1384 | ||
1385 | will match. | |
1386 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
1387 | =item %s: Command not found |
1388 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1389 | (A) You've accidentally run your script through B<csh> instead of Perl. |
1390 | Check the #! line, or manually feed your script into Perl yourself. | |
6df41af2 | 1391 | |
7a2e2cd6 | 1392 | =item Compilation failed in require |
1393 | ||
1394 | (F) Perl could not compile a file specified in a C<require> statement. | |
be771a83 GS |
1395 | Perl uses this generic message when none of the errors that it |
1396 | encountered were severe enough to halt compilation immediately. | |
7a2e2cd6 | 1397 | |
c3464db5 DD |
1398 | =item Complex regular subexpression recursion limit (%d) exceeded |
1399 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1400 | (W regexp) The regular expression engine uses recursion in complex |
1401 | situations where back-tracking is required. Recursion depth is limited | |
1402 | to 32766, or perhaps less in architectures where the stack cannot grow | |
1403 | arbitrarily. ("Simple" and "medium" situations are handled without | |
1404 | recursion and are not subject to a limit.) Try shortening the string | |
1405 | under examination; looping in Perl code (e.g. with C<while>) rather than | |
1406 | in the regular expression engine; or rewriting the regular expression so | |
c2e66d9e | 1407 | that it is simpler or backtracks less. (See L<perlfaq2> for information |
be771a83 | 1408 | on I<Mastering Regular Expressions>.) |
c3464db5 | 1409 | |
38875929 DM |
1410 | =item cond_broadcast() called on unlocked variable |
1411 | ||
1412 | (W threads) Within a thread-enabled program, you tried to call | |
1413 | cond_broadcast() on a variable which wasn't locked. The cond_broadcast() | |
a568ca76 | 1414 | function is used to wake up another thread that is waiting in a |
38875929 | 1415 | cond_wait(). To ensure that the signal isn't sent before the other thread |
a568ca76 FC |
1416 | has a chance to enter the wait, it is usual for the signaling thread |
1417 | first to wait for a lock on variable. This lock attempt will only succeed | |
38875929 DM |
1418 | after the other thread has entered cond_wait() and thus relinquished the |
1419 | lock. | |
1420 | ||
38875929 DM |
1421 | =item cond_signal() called on unlocked variable |
1422 | ||
1423 | (W threads) Within a thread-enabled program, you tried to call | |
1424 | cond_signal() on a variable which wasn't locked. The cond_signal() | |
a568ca76 | 1425 | function is used to wake up another thread that is waiting in a |
38875929 | 1426 | cond_wait(). To ensure that the signal isn't sent before the other thread |
a568ca76 FC |
1427 | has a chance to enter the wait, it is usual for the signaling thread |
1428 | first to wait for a lock on variable. This lock attempt will only succeed | |
38875929 DM |
1429 | after the other thread has entered cond_wait() and thus relinquished the |
1430 | lock. | |
1431 | ||
69282e91 | 1432 | =item connect() on closed socket %s |
a0d0e21e | 1433 | |
be771a83 GS |
1434 | (W closed) You tried to do a connect on a closed socket. Did you forget |
1435 | to check the return value of your socket() call? See | |
1436 | L<perlfunc/connect>. | |
a0d0e21e | 1437 | |
41ab332f | 1438 | =item Constant(%s)%s: %s |
6df41af2 | 1439 | |
be771a83 GS |
1440 | (F) The parser found inconsistencies either while attempting to define |
1441 | an overloaded constant, or when trying to find the character name | |
1442 | specified in the C<\N{...}> escape. Perhaps you forgot to load the | |
1443 | corresponding C<overload> or C<charnames> pragma? See L<charnames> and | |
1444 | L<overload>. | |
6df41af2 | 1445 | |
fc8cd66c YO |
1446 | =item Constant(%s)%s: %s in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
1447 | ||
1a147d38 YO |
1448 | (F) The parser found inconsistencies while attempting to find |
1449 | the character name specified in the C<\N{...}> escape. Perhaps you | |
1450 | forgot to load the corresponding C<charnames> pragma? | |
fc8cd66c YO |
1451 | See L<charnames>. |
1452 | ||
779c5bc9 GS |
1453 | =item Constant is not %s reference |
1454 | ||
1455 | (F) A constant value (perhaps declared using the C<use constant> pragma) | |
be771a83 GS |
1456 | is being dereferenced, but it amounts to the wrong type of reference. |
1457 | The message indicates the type of reference that was expected. This | |
1458 | usually indicates a syntax error in dereferencing the constant value. | |
779c5bc9 GS |
1459 | See L<perlsub/"Constant Functions"> and L<constant>. |
1460 | ||
4cee8e80 CS |
1461 | =item Constant subroutine %s redefined |
1462 | ||
bb028877 | 1463 | (S) You redefined a subroutine which had previously been |
be771a83 GS |
1464 | eligible for inlining. See L<perlsub/"Constant Functions"> for |
1465 | commentary and workarounds. | |
4cee8e80 | 1466 | |
9607fc9c | 1467 | =item Constant subroutine %s undefined |
1468 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1469 | (W misc) You undefined a subroutine which had previously been eligible |
1470 | for inlining. See L<perlsub/"Constant Functions"> for commentary and | |
1471 | workarounds. | |
9607fc9c | 1472 | |
e7ea3e70 IZ |
1473 | =item Copy method did not return a reference |
1474 | ||
64977eb6 | 1475 | (F) The method which overloads "=" is buggy. See |
13a2d996 | 1476 | L<overload/Copy Constructor>. |
e7ea3e70 | 1477 | |
6798c92b GS |
1478 | =item CORE::%s is not a keyword |
1479 | ||
1480 | (F) The CORE:: namespace is reserved for Perl keywords. | |
1481 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
1482 | =item corrupted regexp pointers |
1483 | ||
1484 | (P) The regular expression engine got confused by what the regular | |
1485 | expression compiler gave it. | |
1486 | ||
1487 | =item corrupted regexp program | |
1488 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1489 | (P) The regular expression engine got passed a regexp program without a |
1490 | valid magic number. | |
a0d0e21e | 1491 | |
de42a5a9 | 1492 | =item Corrupt malloc ptr 0x%x at 0x%x |
6df41af2 GS |
1493 | |
1494 | (P) The malloc package that comes with Perl had an internal failure. | |
1495 | ||
49704364 WL |
1496 | =item Count after length/code in unpack |
1497 | ||
1498 | (F) You had an unpack template indicating a counted-length string, but | |
1499 | you have also specified an explicit size for the string. See | |
1500 | L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
1501 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
1502 | =item Deep recursion on subroutine "%s" |
1503 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1504 | (W recursion) This subroutine has called itself (directly or indirectly) |
1505 | 100 times more than it has returned. This probably indicates an | |
1506 | infinite recursion, unless you're writing strange benchmark programs, in | |
1507 | which case it indicates something else. | |
a0d0e21e | 1508 | |
aad1d01f NC |
1509 | This threshold can be changed from 100, by recompiling the F<perl> binary, |
1510 | setting the C pre-processor macro C<PERL_SUB_DEPTH_WARN> to the desired value. | |
1511 | ||
f10b0346 | 1512 | =item defined(@array) is deprecated |
69794302 | 1513 | |
be771a83 GS |
1514 | (D deprecated) defined() is not usually useful on arrays because it |
1515 | checks for an undefined I<scalar> value. If you want to see if the | |
64977eb6 | 1516 | array is empty, just use C<if (@array) { # not empty }> for example. |
69794302 | 1517 | |
f10b0346 | 1518 | =item defined(%hash) is deprecated |
69794302 | 1519 | |
be771a83 GS |
1520 | (D deprecated) defined() is not usually useful on hashes because it |
1521 | checks for an undefined I<scalar> value. If you want to see if the hash | |
64977eb6 | 1522 | is empty, just use C<if (%hash) { # not empty }> for example. |
69794302 | 1523 | |
bcb95744 FC |
1524 | =item (?(DEFINE)....) does not allow branches in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
1525 | ||
1526 | (F) You used something like C<(?(DEFINE)...|..)> which is illegal. The | |
1527 | most likely cause of this error is that you left out a parenthesis inside | |
1528 | of the C<....> part. | |
1529 | ||
1530 | The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the problem was | |
1531 | discovered. | |
1532 | ||
62658f4d PM |
1533 | =item %s defines neither package nor VERSION--version check failed |
1534 | ||
1535 | (F) You said something like "use Module 42" but in the Module file | |
1536 | there are neither package declarations nor a C<$VERSION>. | |
1537 | ||
fc36a67e | 1538 | =item Delimiter for here document is too long |
1539 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1540 | (F) In a here document construct like C<<<FOO>, the label C<FOO> is too |
1541 | long for Perl to handle. You have to be seriously twisted to write code | |
1542 | that triggers this error. | |
fc36a67e | 1543 | |
4a68bf9d | 1544 | =item Deprecated character in \N{...}; marked by <-- HERE in \N{%s<-- HERE %s |
cb233ae3 KW |
1545 | |
1546 | (D deprecated) Just about anything is legal for the C<...> in C<\N{...}>. | |
5fca8acb FC |
1547 | But starting in 5.12, non-reasonable ones that don't look like names |
1548 | are deprecated. A reasonable name begins with an alphabetic character | |
1549 | and continues with any combination of alphanumerics, dashes, spaces, | |
1550 | parentheses or colons. | |
cb233ae3 | 1551 | |
6d3b25aa RGS |
1552 | =item Deprecated use of my() in false conditional |
1553 | ||
1554 | (D deprecated) You used a declaration similar to C<my $x if 0>. | |
1555 | There has been a long-standing bug in Perl that causes a lexical variable | |
1556 | not to be cleared at scope exit when its declaration includes a false | |
1557 | conditional. Some people have exploited this bug to achieve a kind of | |
1558 | static variable. Since we intend to fix this bug, we don't want people | |
1559 | relying on this behavior. You can achieve a similar static effect by | |
1560 | declaring the variable in a separate block outside the function, eg | |
36fb85f3 | 1561 | |
6d3b25aa RGS |
1562 | sub f { my $x if 0; return $x++ } |
1563 | ||
1564 | becomes | |
1565 | ||
1566 | { my $x; sub f { return $x++ } } | |
1567 | ||
36fb85f3 RGS |
1568 | Beginning with perl 5.9.4, you can also use C<state> variables to |
1569 | have lexicals that are initialized only once (see L<feature>): | |
1570 | ||
1571 | sub f { state $x; return $x++ } | |
1572 | ||
500ab966 RGS |
1573 | =item DESTROY created new reference to dead object '%s' |
1574 | ||
1575 | (F) A DESTROY() method created a new reference to the object which is | |
1576 | just being DESTROYed. Perl is confused, and prefers to abort rather than | |
1577 | to create a dangling reference. | |
1578 | ||
3cdd684c TP |
1579 | =item Did not produce a valid header |
1580 | ||
1581 | See Server error. | |
1582 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
1583 | =item %s did not return a true value |
1584 | ||
1585 | (F) A required (or used) file must return a true value to indicate that | |
1586 | it compiled correctly and ran its initialization code correctly. It's | |
1587 | traditional to end such a file with a "1;", though any true value would | |
1588 | do. See L<perlfunc/require>. | |
1589 | ||
cc507455 | 1590 | =item (Did you mean &%s instead?) |
4633a7c4 | 1591 | |
413ff9f6 FC |
1592 | (W misc) You probably referred to an imported subroutine &FOO as $FOO or |
1593 | some such. | |
4633a7c4 | 1594 | |
cc507455 | 1595 | =item (Did you mean "local" instead of "our"?) |
33633739 | 1596 | |
be771a83 GS |
1597 | (W misc) Remember that "our" does not localize the declared global |
1598 | variable. You have declared it again in the same lexical scope, which | |
1599 | seems superfluous. | |
33633739 | 1600 | |
cc507455 | 1601 | =item (Did you mean $ or @ instead of %?) |
a0d0e21e | 1602 | |
be771a83 GS |
1603 | (W) You probably said %hash{$key} when you meant $hash{$key} or |
1604 | @hash{@keys}. On the other hand, maybe you just meant %hash and got | |
1605 | carried away. | |
748a9306 | 1606 | |
7e1af8bc | 1607 | =item Died |
5f05dabc | 1608 | |
1609 | (F) You passed die() an empty string (the equivalent of C<die "">) or | |
075b00aa | 1610 | you called it with no args and C<$@> was empty. |
5f05dabc | 1611 | |
3cdd684c TP |
1612 | =item Document contains no data |
1613 | ||
1614 | See Server error. | |
1615 | ||
62658f4d PM |
1616 | =item %s does not define %s::VERSION--version check failed |
1617 | ||
1618 | (F) You said something like "use Module 42" but the Module did not | |
1619 | define a C<$VERSION.> | |
1620 | ||
49704364 WL |
1621 | =item '/' does not take a repeat count |
1622 | ||
1623 | (F) You cannot put a repeat count of any kind right after the '/' code. | |
1624 | See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
1625 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
1626 | =item Don't know how to handle magic of type '%s' |
1627 | ||
1628 | (P) The internal handling of magical variables has been cursed. | |
1629 | ||
1630 | =item do_study: out of memory | |
1631 | ||
1632 | (P) This should have been caught by safemalloc() instead. | |
1633 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
1634 | =item (Do you need to predeclare %s?) |
1635 | ||
56da5a46 RGS |
1636 | (S syntax) This is an educated guess made in conjunction with the message |
1637 | "%s found where operator expected". It often means a subroutine or module | |
6df41af2 GS |
1638 | name is being referenced that hasn't been declared yet. This may be |
1639 | because of ordering problems in your file, or because of a missing | |
be771a83 GS |
1640 | "sub", "package", "require", or "use" statement. If you're referencing |
1641 | something that isn't defined yet, you don't actually have to define the | |
1642 | subroutine or package before the current location. You can use an empty | |
1643 | "sub foo;" or "package FOO;" to enter a "forward" declaration. | |
6df41af2 | 1644 | |
ac206dc8 RGS |
1645 | =item dump() better written as CORE::dump() |
1646 | ||
1647 | (W misc) You used the obsolescent C<dump()> built-in function, without fully | |
1648 | qualifying it as C<CORE::dump()>. Maybe it's a typo. See L<perlfunc/dump>. | |
1649 | ||
84d78eb7 YO |
1650 | =item dump is not supported |
1651 | ||
1652 | (F) Your machine doesn't support dump/undump. | |
1653 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
1654 | =item Duplicate free() ignored |
1655 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1656 | (S malloc) An internal routine called free() on something that had |
1657 | already been freed. | |
a0d0e21e | 1658 | |
1109a392 MHM |
1659 | =item Duplicate modifier '%c' after '%c' in %s |
1660 | ||
1661 | (W) You have applied the same modifier more than once after a type | |
1662 | in a pack template. See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
1663 | ||
4633a7c4 LW |
1664 | =item elseif should be elsif |
1665 | ||
56da5a46 RGS |
1666 | (S syntax) There is no keyword "elseif" in Perl because Larry thinks it's |
1667 | ugly. Your code will be interpreted as an attempt to call a method named | |
be771a83 | 1668 | "elseif" for the class returned by the following block. This is |
4633a7c4 LW |
1669 | unlikely to be what you want. |
1670 | ||
ab13f0c7 JH |
1671 | =item Empty %s |
1672 | ||
af6f566e HS |
1673 | (F) C<\p> and C<\P> are used to introduce a named Unicode property, as |
1674 | described in L<perlunicode> and L<perlre>. You used C<\p> or C<\P> in | |
1675 | a regular expression without specifying the property name. | |
ab13f0c7 | 1676 | |
85ab1d1d | 1677 | =item entering effective %s failed |
5ff3f7a4 | 1678 | |
85ab1d1d | 1679 | (F) While under the C<use filetest> pragma, switching the real and |
5ff3f7a4 GS |
1680 | effective uids or gids failed. |
1681 | ||
c038024b RGS |
1682 | =item %ENV is aliased to %s |
1683 | ||
1684 | (F) You're running under taint mode, and the C<%ENV> variable has been | |
1685 | aliased to another hash, so it doesn't reflect anymore the state of the | |
1686 | program's environment. This is potentially insecure. | |
1687 | ||
748a9306 LW |
1688 | =item Error converting file specification %s |
1689 | ||
5f05dabc | 1690 | (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Because Perl may have to deal with file |
748a9306 | 1691 | specifications in either VMS or Unix syntax, it converts them to a |
be771a83 GS |
1692 | single form when it must operate on them directly. Either you've passed |
1693 | an invalid file specification to Perl, or you've found a case the | |
1694 | conversion routines don't handle. Drat. | |
748a9306 | 1695 | |
e4d48cc9 GS |
1696 | =item %s: Eval-group in insecure regular expression |
1697 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1698 | (F) Perl detected tainted data when trying to compile a regular |
1699 | expression that contains the C<(?{ ... })> zero-width assertion, which | |
1700 | is unsafe. See L<perlre/(?{ code })>, and L<perlsec>. | |
e4d48cc9 | 1701 | |
fc8f615e | 1702 | =item %s: Eval-group not allowed at runtime, use re 'eval' |
e4d48cc9 | 1703 | |
be771a83 GS |
1704 | (F) Perl tried to compile a regular expression containing the |
1705 | C<(?{ ... })> zero-width assertion at run time, as it would when the | |
f11307f5 FC |
1706 | pattern contains interpolated values. Since that is a security risk, |
1707 | it is not allowed. If you insist, you may still do this by using the | |
1708 | C<re 'eval'> pragma or by explicitly building the pattern from an | |
1709 | interpolated string at run time and using that in an eval(). See | |
1710 | L<perlre/(?{ code })>. | |
e4d48cc9 | 1711 | |
6df41af2 GS |
1712 | =item %s: Eval-group not allowed, use re 'eval' |
1713 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1714 | (F) A regular expression contained the C<(?{ ... })> zero-width |
1715 | assertion, but that construct is only allowed when the C<use re 'eval'> | |
1716 | pragma is in effect. See L<perlre/(?{ code })>. | |
6df41af2 | 1717 | |
1a147d38 YO |
1718 | =item EVAL without pos change exceeded limit in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
1719 | ||
1720 | (F) You used a pattern that nested too many EVAL calls without consuming | |
1721 | any text. Restructure the pattern so that text is consumed. | |
1722 | ||
1723 | The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the problem was | |
1724 | discovered. | |
1725 | ||
fc36a67e | 1726 | =item Excessively long <> operator |
1727 | ||
1728 | (F) The contents of a <> operator may not exceed the maximum size of a | |
1729 | Perl identifier. If you're just trying to glob a long list of | |
1730 | filenames, try using the glob() operator, or put the filenames into a | |
1731 | variable and glob that. | |
1732 | ||
ed9aa3b7 SG |
1733 | =item exec? I'm not *that* kind of operating system |
1734 | ||
af8bb25a FC |
1735 | (F) The C<exec> function is not implemented on some systems, e.g., Symbian |
1736 | OS. See L<perlport>. | |
ed9aa3b7 | 1737 | |
fe13d51d | 1738 | =item Execution of %s aborted due to compilation errors. |
a0d0e21e LW |
1739 | |
1740 | (F) The final summary message when a Perl compilation fails. | |
1741 | ||
1742 | =item Exiting eval via %s | |
1743 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1744 | (W exiting) You are exiting an eval by unconventional means, such as a |
1745 | goto, or a loop control statement. | |
e476b1b5 GS |
1746 | |
1747 | =item Exiting format via %s | |
1748 | ||
9a2ff54b | 1749 | (W exiting) You are exiting a format by unconventional means, such as a |
be771a83 | 1750 | goto, or a loop control statement. |
a0d0e21e | 1751 | |
0a753a76 | 1752 | =item Exiting pseudo-block via %s |
1753 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1754 | (W exiting) You are exiting a rather special block construct (like a |
1755 | sort block or subroutine) by unconventional means, such as a goto, or a | |
1756 | loop control statement. See L<perlfunc/sort>. | |
0a753a76 | 1757 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
1758 | =item Exiting subroutine via %s |
1759 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1760 | (W exiting) You are exiting a subroutine by unconventional means, such |
1761 | as a goto, or a loop control statement. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
1762 | |
1763 | =item Exiting substitution via %s | |
1764 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1765 | (W exiting) You are exiting a substitution by unconventional means, such |
1766 | as a return, a goto, or a loop control statement. | |
a0d0e21e | 1767 | |
7b8d334a GS |
1768 | =item Explicit blessing to '' (assuming package main) |
1769 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1770 | (W misc) You are blessing a reference to a zero length string. This has |
1771 | the effect of blessing the reference into the package main. This is | |
1772 | usually not what you want. Consider providing a default target package, | |
1773 | e.g. bless($ref, $p || 'MyPackage'); | |
7b8d334a | 1774 | |
6df41af2 GS |
1775 | =item %s: Expression syntax |
1776 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1777 | (A) You've accidentally run your script through B<csh> instead of Perl. |
1778 | Check the #! line, or manually feed your script into Perl yourself. | |
6df41af2 GS |
1779 | |
1780 | =item %s failed--call queue aborted | |
1781 | ||
3c10abe3 AG |
1782 | (F) An untrapped exception was raised while executing a UNITCHECK, |
1783 | CHECK, INIT, or END subroutine. Processing of the remainder of the | |
1784 | queue of such routines has been prematurely ended. | |
6df41af2 | 1785 | |
7253e4e3 | 1786 | =item False [] range "%s" in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
73b437c8 | 1787 | |
be771a83 | 1788 | (W regexp) A character class range must start and end at a literal |
7253e4e3 RK |
1789 | character, not another character class like C<\d> or C<[:alpha:]>. The "-" |
1790 | in your false range is interpreted as a literal "-". Consider quoting the | |
1791 | "-", "\-". The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the | |
1792 | problem was discovered. See L<perlre>. | |
73b437c8 | 1793 | |
1b1ee2ef | 1794 | =item Fatal VMS error (status=%d) at %s, line %d |
a0d0e21e | 1795 | |
be771a83 GS |
1796 | (P) An error peculiar to VMS. Something untoward happened in a VMS |
1797 | system service or RTL routine; Perl's exit status should provide more | |
1798 | details. The filename in "at %s" and the line number in "line %d" tell | |
1799 | you which section of the Perl source code is distressed. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
1800 | |
1801 | =item fcntl is not implemented | |
1802 | ||
1803 | (F) Your machine apparently doesn't implement fcntl(). What is this, a | |
1804 | PDP-11 or something? | |
1805 | ||
22846ab4 AB |
1806 | =item FETCHSIZE returned a negative value |
1807 | ||
1808 | (F) A tied array claimed to have a negative number of elements, which | |
1809 | is not possible. | |
1810 | ||
f337b084 TH |
1811 | =item Field too wide in 'u' format in pack |
1812 | ||
1813 | (W pack) Each line in an uuencoded string start with a length indicator | |
1814 | which can't encode values above 63. So there is no point in asking for | |
1815 | a line length bigger than that. Perl will behave as if you specified | |
5c96f6f7 | 1816 | C<u63> as the format. |
f337b084 | 1817 | |
af8c498a | 1818 | =item Filehandle %s opened only for input |
a0d0e21e | 1819 | |
6c8d78fb HS |
1820 | (W io) You tried to write on a read-only filehandle. If you intended |
1821 | it to be a read-write filehandle, you needed to open it with "+<" or | |
1822 | "+>" or "+>>" instead of with "<" or nothing. If you intended only to | |
1823 | write the file, use ">" or ">>". See L<perlfunc/open>. | |
a0d0e21e | 1824 | |
af8c498a | 1825 | =item Filehandle %s opened only for output |
a0d0e21e | 1826 | |
6c8d78fb HS |
1827 | (W io) You tried to read from a filehandle opened only for writing, If |
1828 | you intended it to be a read/write filehandle, you needed to open it | |
89a1bda8 FC |
1829 | with "+<" or "+>" or "+>>" instead of with ">". If you intended only to |
1830 | read from the file, use "<". See L<perlfunc/open>. Another possibility | |
1831 | is that you attempted to open filedescriptor 0 (also known as STDIN) for | |
1832 | output (maybe you closed STDIN earlier?). | |
97828cef RGS |
1833 | |
1834 | =item Filehandle %s reopened as %s only for input | |
1835 | ||
1836 | (W io) You opened for reading a filehandle that got the same filehandle id | |
d7f8936a | 1837 | as STDOUT or STDERR. This occurred because you closed STDOUT or STDERR |
97828cef RGS |
1838 | previously. |
1839 | ||
1840 | =item Filehandle STDIN reopened as %s only for output | |
1841 | ||
1842 | (W io) You opened for writing a filehandle that got the same filehandle id | |
d7f8936a | 1843 | as STDIN. This occurred because you closed STDIN previously. |
a0d0e21e LW |
1844 | |
1845 | =item Final $ should be \$ or $name | |
1846 | ||
1847 | (F) You must now decide whether the final $ in a string was meant to be | |
be771a83 GS |
1848 | a literal dollar sign, or was meant to introduce a variable name that |
1849 | happens to be missing. So you have to put either the backslash or the | |
1850 | name. | |
a0d0e21e | 1851 | |
56e90b21 GS |
1852 | =item flock() on closed filehandle %s |
1853 | ||
be771a83 | 1854 | (W closed) The filehandle you're attempting to flock() got itself closed |
c289d2f7 | 1855 | some time before now. Check your control flow. flock() operates on |
be771a83 GS |
1856 | filehandles. Are you attempting to call flock() on a dirhandle by the |
1857 | same name? | |
56e90b21 | 1858 | |
6df41af2 GS |
1859 | =item Format not terminated |
1860 | ||
1861 | (F) A format must be terminated by a line with a solitary dot. Perl got | |
1862 | to the end of your file without finding such a line. | |
1863 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
1864 | =item Format %s redefined |
1865 | ||
e476b1b5 | 1866 | (W redefine) You redefined a format. To suppress this warning, say |
a0d0e21e LW |
1867 | |
1868 | { | |
271595cc | 1869 | no warnings 'redefine'; |
a0d0e21e LW |
1870 | eval "format NAME =..."; |
1871 | } | |
1872 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
1873 | =item Found = in conditional, should be == |
1874 | ||
e476b1b5 | 1875 | (W syntax) You said |
a0d0e21e LW |
1876 | |
1877 | if ($foo = 123) | |
1878 | ||
1879 | when you meant | |
1880 | ||
1881 | if ($foo == 123) | |
1882 | ||
1883 | (or something like that). | |
1884 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
1885 | =item %s found where operator expected |
1886 | ||
56da5a46 RGS |
1887 | (S syntax) The Perl lexer knows whether to expect a term or an operator. |
1888 | If it sees what it knows to be a term when it was expecting to see an | |
be771a83 GS |
1889 | operator, it gives you this warning. Usually it indicates that an |
1890 | operator or delimiter was omitted, such as a semicolon. | |
6df41af2 | 1891 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
1892 | =item gdbm store returned %d, errno %d, key "%s" |
1893 | ||
1894 | (S) A warning from the GDBM_File extension that a store failed. | |
1895 | ||
1896 | =item gethostent not implemented | |
1897 | ||
1898 | (F) Your C library apparently doesn't implement gethostent(), probably | |
1899 | because if it did, it'd feel morally obligated to return every hostname | |
1900 | on the Internet. | |
1901 | ||
69282e91 | 1902 | =item get%sname() on closed socket %s |
a0d0e21e | 1903 | |
be771a83 GS |
1904 | (W closed) You tried to get a socket or peer socket name on a closed |
1905 | socket. Did you forget to check the return value of your socket() call? | |
a0d0e21e | 1906 | |
748a9306 LW |
1907 | =item getpwnam returned invalid UIC %#o for user "%s" |
1908 | ||
1909 | (S) A warning peculiar to VMS. The call to C<sys$getuai> underlying the | |
1910 | C<getpwnam> operator returned an invalid UIC. | |
1911 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
1912 | =item getsockopt() on closed socket %s |
1913 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1914 | (W closed) You tried to get a socket option on a closed socket. Did you |
1915 | forget to check the return value of your socket() call? See | |
6df41af2 GS |
1916 | L<perlfunc/getsockopt>. |
1917 | ||
1918 | =item Global symbol "%s" requires explicit package name | |
1919 | ||
a4edf47d | 1920 | (F) You've said "use strict" or "use strict vars", which indicates |
30c282f6 | 1921 | that all variables must either be lexically scoped (using "my" or "state"), |
a4edf47d GS |
1922 | declared beforehand using "our", or explicitly qualified to say |
1923 | which package the global variable is in (using "::"). | |
6df41af2 | 1924 | |
e476b1b5 GS |
1925 | =item glob failed (%s) |
1926 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1927 | (W glob) Something went wrong with the external program(s) used for |
1928 | C<glob> and C<< <*.c> >>. Usually, this means that you supplied a | |
1929 | C<glob> pattern that caused the external program to fail and exit with a | |
1930 | nonzero status. If the message indicates that the abnormal exit | |
1931 | resulted in a coredump, this may also mean that your csh (C shell) is | |
1932 | broken. If so, you should change all of the csh-related variables in | |
1933 | config.sh: If you have tcsh, make the variables refer to it as if it | |
1934 | were csh (e.g. C<full_csh='/usr/bin/tcsh'>); otherwise, make them all | |
1935 | empty (except that C<d_csh> should be C<'undef'>) so that Perl will | |
1936 | think csh is missing. In either case, after editing config.sh, run | |
75b44862 | 1937 | C<./Configure -S> and rebuild Perl. |
e476b1b5 | 1938 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
1939 | =item Glob not terminated |
1940 | ||
1941 | (F) The lexer saw a left angle bracket in a place where it was expecting | |
be771a83 GS |
1942 | a term, so it's looking for the corresponding right angle bracket, and |
1943 | not finding it. Chances are you left some needed parentheses out | |
1944 | earlier in the line, and you really meant a "less than". | |
a0d0e21e | 1945 | |
bcd05b94 | 1946 | =item gmtime(%f) too large |
8b56d6ff | 1947 | |
e9200be3 | 1948 | (W overflow) You called C<gmtime> with a number that was larger than |
fc003d4b MS |
1949 | it can reliably handle and C<gmtime> probably returned the wrong |
1950 | date. This warning is also triggered with nan (the special | |
1951 | not-a-number value). | |
1952 | ||
bcd05b94 | 1953 | =item gmtime(%f) too small |
fc003d4b | 1954 | |
e9200be3 | 1955 | (W overflow) You called C<gmtime> with a number that was smaller than |
fc003d4b MS |
1956 | it can reliably handle and C<gmtime> probably returned the wrong |
1957 | date. This warning is also triggered with nan (the special | |
1958 | not-a-number value). | |
8b56d6ff | 1959 | |
6df41af2 | 1960 | =item Got an error from DosAllocMem |
a0d0e21e | 1961 | |
6df41af2 GS |
1962 | (P) An error peculiar to OS/2. Most probably you're using an obsolete |
1963 | version of Perl, and this should not happen anyway. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
1964 | |
1965 | =item goto must have label | |
1966 | ||
1967 | (F) Unlike with "next" or "last", you're not allowed to goto an | |
1968 | unspecified destination. See L<perlfunc/goto>. | |
1969 | ||
49704364 | 1970 | =item ()-group starts with a count |
18529408 | 1971 | |
bca4a986 FC |
1972 | (F) A ()-group started with a count. A count is supposed to follow |
1973 | something: a template character or a ()-group. See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
18529408 | 1974 | |
fe13d51d | 1975 | =item %s had compilation errors. |
6df41af2 GS |
1976 | |
1977 | (F) The final summary message when a C<perl -c> fails. | |
1978 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
1979 | =item Had to create %s unexpectedly |
1980 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1981 | (S internal) A routine asked for a symbol from a symbol table that ought |
1982 | to have existed already, but for some reason it didn't, and had to be | |
1983 | created on an emergency basis to prevent a core dump. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
1984 | |
1985 | =item Hash %%s missing the % in argument %d of %s() | |
1986 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1987 | (D deprecated) Really old Perl let you omit the % on hash names in some |
1988 | spots. This is now heavily deprecated. | |
a0d0e21e | 1989 | |
6df41af2 GS |
1990 | =item %s has too many errors |
1991 | ||
1992 | (F) The parser has given up trying to parse the program after 10 errors. | |
1993 | Further error messages would likely be uninformative. | |
1994 | ||
e6897b1a KW |
1995 | =item Having no space between pattern and following word is deprecated |
1996 | ||
1997 | (D syntax) | |
1998 | ||
bd0e971a | 1999 | You had a word that isn't a regex modifier immediately following a |
b6fa137b FC |
2000 | pattern without an intervening space. If you are trying to use the C</le> |
2001 | flags on a substitution, use C</el> instead. Otherwise, add white space | |
2002 | between the pattern and following word to eliminate the warning. As an | |
2003 | example of the latter, the two constructs: | |
e6897b1a KW |
2004 | |
2005 | $a =~ m/$foo/sand $bar | |
2006 | $a =~ m/$foo/s and $bar | |
2007 | ||
21356872 FC |
2008 | both currently mean the same thing, but it is planned to disallow the first |
2009 | form in Perl 5.16. And, | |
e6897b1a KW |
2010 | |
2011 | $a =~ m/$foo/and $bar | |
2012 | ||
2013 | will be disallowed too. | |
2014 | ||
252aa082 JH |
2015 | =item Hexadecimal number > 0xffffffff non-portable |
2016 | ||
e476b1b5 | 2017 | (W portable) The hexadecimal number you specified is larger than 2**32-1 |
9e24b6e2 JH |
2018 | (4294967295) and therefore non-portable between systems. See |
2019 | L<perlport> for more on portability concerns. | |
252aa082 | 2020 | |
8903cb82 | 2021 | =item Identifier too long |
2022 | ||
2023 | (F) Perl limits identifiers (names for variables, functions, etc.) to | |
fc36a67e | 2024 | about 250 characters for simple names, and somewhat more for compound |
be771a83 GS |
2025 | names (like C<$A::B>). You've exceeded Perl's limits. Future versions |
2026 | of Perl are likely to eliminate these arbitrary limitations. | |
8903cb82 | 2027 | |
c3c41406 | 2028 | =item Ignoring zero length \N{} in character class |
fc8cd66c | 2029 | |
ff3f963a KW |
2030 | (W) Named Unicode character escapes (\N{...}) may return a |
2031 | zero length sequence. When such an escape is used in a character class | |
1a147d38 | 2032 | its behaviour is not well defined. Check that the correct escape has |
fc8cd66c YO |
2033 | been used, and the correct charname handler is in scope. |
2034 | ||
6df41af2 | 2035 | =item Illegal binary digit %s |
f675dbe5 | 2036 | |
6df41af2 | 2037 | (F) You used a digit other than 0 or 1 in a binary number. |
f675dbe5 | 2038 | |
6df41af2 | 2039 | =item Illegal binary digit %s ignored |
a0d0e21e | 2040 | |
be771a83 GS |
2041 | (W digit) You may have tried to use a digit other than 0 or 1 in a |
2042 | binary number. Interpretation of the binary number stopped before the | |
2043 | offending digit. | |
a0d0e21e | 2044 | |
78d0fecf | 2045 | =item Illegal character \%o (carriage return) |
4fdae800 | 2046 | |
d5898338 | 2047 | (F) Perl normally treats carriage returns in the program text as it |
be771a83 GS |
2048 | would any other whitespace, which means you should never see this error |
2049 | when Perl was built using standard options. For some reason, your | |
2050 | version of Perl appears to have been built without this support. Talk | |
2051 | to your Perl administrator. | |
4fdae800 | 2052 | |
d37a9538 ST |
2053 | =item Illegal character in prototype for %s : %s |
2054 | ||
197afce1 | 2055 | (W illegalproto) An illegal character was found in a prototype declaration. |
2e9cc7ef | 2056 | Legal characters in prototypes are $, @, %, *, ;, [, ], &, \, and +. |
d37a9538 | 2057 | |
904d85c5 RGS |
2058 | =item Illegal declaration of anonymous subroutine |
2059 | ||
2060 | (F) When using the C<sub> keyword to construct an anonymous subroutine, | |
2061 | you must always specify a block of code. See L<perlsub>. | |
2062 | ||
8e742a20 MHM |
2063 | =item Illegal declaration of subroutine %s |
2064 | ||
2065 | (F) A subroutine was not declared correctly. See L<perlsub>. | |
2066 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
2067 | =item Illegal division by zero |
2068 | ||
be771a83 GS |
2069 | (F) You tried to divide a number by 0. Either something was wrong in |
2070 | your logic, or you need to put a conditional in to guard against | |
2071 | meaningless input. | |
a0d0e21e | 2072 | |
6df41af2 GS |
2073 | =item Illegal hexadecimal digit %s ignored |
2074 | ||
be771a83 GS |
2075 | (W digit) You may have tried to use a character other than 0 - 9 or |
2076 | A - F, a - f in a hexadecimal number. Interpretation of the hexadecimal | |
2077 | number stopped before the illegal character. | |
6df41af2 | 2078 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
2079 | =item Illegal modulus zero |
2080 | ||
be771a83 GS |
2081 | (F) You tried to divide a number by 0 to get the remainder. Most |
2082 | numbers don't take to this kindly. | |
a0d0e21e | 2083 | |
6df41af2 | 2084 | =item Illegal number of bits in vec |
399388f4 | 2085 | |
6df41af2 GS |
2086 | (F) The number of bits in vec() (the third argument) must be a power of |
2087 | two from 1 to 32 (or 64, if your platform supports that). | |
399388f4 GS |
2088 | |
2089 | =item Illegal octal digit %s | |
a0d0e21e | 2090 | |
d1be9408 | 2091 | (F) You used an 8 or 9 in an octal number. |
a0d0e21e | 2092 | |
399388f4 | 2093 | =item Illegal octal digit %s ignored |
748a9306 | 2094 | |
d1be9408 | 2095 | (W digit) You may have tried to use an 8 or 9 in an octal number. |
75b44862 | 2096 | Interpretation of the octal number stopped before the 8 or 9. |
748a9306 | 2097 | |
fe13d51d | 2098 | =item Illegal switch in PERL5OPT: -%c |
6ff81951 | 2099 | |
6df41af2 | 2100 | (X) The PERL5OPT environment variable may only be used to set the |
646ca9b2 | 2101 | following switches: B<-[CDIMUdmtw]>. |
6ff81951 | 2102 | |
6df41af2 | 2103 | =item Ill-formed CRTL environ value "%s" |
81e118e0 | 2104 | |
75b44862 | 2105 | (W internal) A warning peculiar to VMS. Perl tried to read the CRTL's |
be771a83 GS |
2106 | internal environ array, and encountered an element without the C<=> |
2107 | delimiter used to separate keys from values. The element is ignored. | |
09bef843 | 2108 | |
6df41af2 | 2109 | =item Ill-formed message in prime_env_iter: |%s| |
54310121 | 2110 | |
be771a83 GS |
2111 | (W internal) A warning peculiar to VMS. Perl tried to read a logical |
2112 | name or CLI symbol definition when preparing to iterate over %ENV, and | |
2113 | didn't see the expected delimiter between key and value, so the line was | |
2114 | ignored. | |
54310121 | 2115 | |
6df41af2 | 2116 | =item (in cleanup) %s |
9607fc9c | 2117 | |
be771a83 GS |
2118 | (W misc) This prefix usually indicates that a DESTROY() method raised |
2119 | the indicated exception. Since destructors are usually called by the | |
2120 | system at arbitrary points during execution, and often a vast number of | |
2121 | times, the warning is issued only once for any number of failures that | |
2122 | would otherwise result in the same message being repeated. | |
6df41af2 | 2123 | |
be771a83 GS |
2124 | Failure of user callbacks dispatched using the C<G_KEEPERR> flag could |
2125 | also result in this warning. See L<perlcall/G_KEEPERR>. | |
9607fc9c | 2126 | |
2c7d6b9c RGS |
2127 | =item Inconsistent hierarchy during C3 merge of class '%s': merging failed on parent '%s' |
2128 | ||
2129 | (F) The method resolution order (MRO) of the given class is not | |
2130 | C3-consistent, and you have enabled the C3 MRO for this class. See the C3 | |
2131 | documentation in L<mro> for more information. | |
2132 | ||
979699d9 JH |
2133 | =item In EBCDIC the v-string components cannot exceed 2147483647 |
2134 | ||
2135 | (F) An error peculiar to EBCDIC. Internally, v-strings are stored as | |
2136 | Unicode code points, and encoded in EBCDIC as UTF-EBCDIC. The UTF-EBCDIC | |
2137 | encoding is limited to code points no larger than 2147483647 (0x7FFFFFFF). | |
2138 | ||
1a147d38 YO |
2139 | =item Infinite recursion in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
2140 | ||
2141 | (F) You used a pattern that references itself without consuming any input | |
2142 | text. You should check the pattern to ensure that recursive patterns | |
2143 | either consume text or fail. | |
2144 | ||
2145 | The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the problem was | |
2146 | discovered. | |
2147 | ||
6dbe9451 NC |
2148 | =item Initialization of state variables in list context currently forbidden |
2149 | ||
2150 | (F) Currently the implementation of "state" only permits the initialization | |
2151 | of scalar variables in scalar context. Re-write C<state ($a) = 42> as | |
2152 | C<state $a = 42> to change from list to scalar context. Constructions such | |
2153 | as C<state (@a) = foo()> will be supported in a future perl release. | |
2154 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
2155 | =item Insecure dependency in %s |
2156 | ||
8b1a09fc | 2157 | (F) You tried to do something that the tainting mechanism didn't like. |
be771a83 GS |
2158 | The tainting mechanism is turned on when you're running setuid or |
2159 | setgid, or when you specify B<-T> to turn it on explicitly. The | |
2160 | tainting mechanism labels all data that's derived directly or indirectly | |
2161 | from the user, who is considered to be unworthy of your trust. If any | |
2162 | such data is used in a "dangerous" operation, you get this error. See | |
2163 | L<perlsec> for more information. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
2164 | |
2165 | =item Insecure directory in %s | |
2166 | ||
be771a83 GS |
2167 | (F) You can't use system(), exec(), or a piped open in a setuid or |
2168 | setgid script if C<$ENV{PATH}> contains a directory that is writable by | |
df98f984 RGS |
2169 | the world. Also, the PATH must not contain any relative directory. |
2170 | See L<perlsec>. | |
a0d0e21e | 2171 | |
62f468fc | 2172 | =item Insecure $ENV{%s} while running %s |
a0d0e21e LW |
2173 | |
2174 | (F) You can't use system(), exec(), or a piped open in a setuid or | |
62f468fc | 2175 | setgid script if any of C<$ENV{PATH}>, C<$ENV{IFS}>, C<$ENV{CDPATH}>, |
332d5f78 SR |
2176 | C<$ENV{ENV}>, C<$ENV{BASH_ENV}> or C<$ENV{TERM}> are derived from data |
2177 | supplied (or potentially supplied) by the user. The script must set | |
2178 | the path to a known value, using trustworthy data. See L<perlsec>. | |
a0d0e21e | 2179 | |
0e9be77f DM |
2180 | =item Insecure user-defined property %s |
2181 | ||
2182 | (F) Perl detected tainted data when trying to compile a regular | |
2183 | expression that contains a call to a user-defined character property | |
2184 | function, i.e. C<\p{IsFoo}> or C<\p{InFoo}>. | |
2185 | See L<perlunicode/User-Defined Character Properties> and L<perlsec>. | |
2186 | ||
b9ef414d FC |
2187 | =item Integer overflow in format string for %s |
2188 | ||
2189 | (F) The indexes and widths specified in the format string of C<printf()> | |
2190 | or C<sprintf()> are too large. The numbers must not overflow the size of | |
2191 | integers for your architecture. | |
2192 | ||
a7ae9550 GS |
2193 | =item Integer overflow in %s number |
2194 | ||
75b44862 | 2195 | (W overflow) The hexadecimal, octal or binary number you have specified |
be771a83 GS |
2196 | either as a literal or as an argument to hex() or oct() is too big for |
2197 | your architecture, and has been converted to a floating point number. | |
2198 | On a 32-bit architecture the largest hexadecimal, octal or binary number | |
9e24b6e2 JH |
2199 | representable without overflow is 0xFFFFFFFF, 037777777777, or |
2200 | 0b11111111111111111111111111111111 respectively. Note that Perl | |
2201 | transparently promotes all numbers to a floating point representation | |
2202 | internally--subject to loss of precision errors in subsequent | |
2203 | operations. | |
bbce6d69 | 2204 | |
46314c13 JP |
2205 | =item Integer overflow in version |
2206 | ||
2207 | (F) Some portion of a version initialization is too large for the | |
2208 | size of integers for your architecture. This is not a warning | |
2209 | because there is no rational reason for a version to try and use a | |
2210 | element larger than typically 2**32. This is usually caused by | |
2211 | trying to use some odd mathematical operation as a version, like | |
2212 | 100/9. | |
2213 | ||
7253e4e3 | 2214 | =item Internal disaster in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
6df41af2 GS |
2215 | |
2216 | (P) Something went badly wrong in the regular expression parser. | |
7253e4e3 | 2217 | The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the problem was |
b45f050a JF |
2218 | discovered. |
2219 | ||
748a9306 LW |
2220 | =item Internal inconsistency in tracking vforks |
2221 | ||
be771a83 GS |
2222 | (S) A warning peculiar to VMS. Perl keeps track of the number of times |
2223 | you've called C<fork> and C<exec>, to determine whether the current call | |
2224 | to C<exec> should affect the current script or a subprocess (see | |
2225 | L<perlvms/"exec LIST">). Somehow, this count has become scrambled, so | |
2226 | Perl is making a guess and treating this C<exec> as a request to | |
2227 | terminate the Perl script and execute the specified command. | |
748a9306 | 2228 | |
7253e4e3 | 2229 | =item Internal urp in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
b45f050a | 2230 | |
7253e4e3 RK |
2231 | (P) Something went badly awry in the regular expression parser. The |
2232 | <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the problem was | |
2233 | discovered. | |
a0d0e21e | 2234 | |
6df41af2 GS |
2235 | =item %s (...) interpreted as function |
2236 | ||
75b44862 | 2237 | (W syntax) You've run afoul of the rule that says that any list operator |
be771a83 | 2238 | followed by parentheses turns into a function, with all the list |
64977eb6 | 2239 | operators arguments found inside the parentheses. See |
13a2d996 | 2240 | L<perlop/Terms and List Operators (Leftward)>. |
6df41af2 | 2241 | |
09bef843 SB |
2242 | =item Invalid %s attribute: %s |
2243 | ||
a4a4c9e2 | 2244 | (F) The indicated attribute for a subroutine or variable was not recognized |
09bef843 SB |
2245 | by Perl or by a user-supplied handler. See L<attributes>. |
2246 | ||
2247 | =item Invalid %s attributes: %s | |
2248 | ||
a4a4c9e2 | 2249 | (F) The indicated attributes for a subroutine or variable were not |
be771a83 | 2250 | recognized by Perl or by a user-supplied handler. See L<attributes>. |
09bef843 | 2251 | |
c635e13b | 2252 | =item Invalid conversion in %s: "%s" |
2253 | ||
be771a83 GS |
2254 | (W printf) Perl does not understand the given format conversion. See |
2255 | L<perlfunc/sprintf>. | |
c635e13b | 2256 | |
9e08bc66 TS |
2257 | =item Invalid escape in the specified encoding in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
2258 | ||
2259 | (W regexp) The numeric escape (for example C<\xHH>) of value < 256 | |
2260 | didn't correspond to a single character through the conversion | |
2261 | from the encoding specified by the encoding pragma. | |
2262 | The escape was replaced with REPLACEMENT CHARACTER (U+FFFD) instead. | |
2263 | The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the | |
2264 | escape was discovered. | |
2265 | ||
8149aa9f FC |
2266 | =item Invalid hexadecimal number in \N{U+...} |
2267 | ||
2268 | (F) The character constant represented by C<...> is not a valid hexadecimal | |
74f8e9e3 FC |
2269 | number. Either it is empty, or you tried to use a character other than |
2270 | 0 - 9 or A - F, a - f in a hexadecimal number. | |
8149aa9f | 2271 | |
2c7d6b9c RGS |
2272 | =item Invalid mro name: '%s' |
2273 | ||
162a3e34 FC |
2274 | (F) You tried to C<mro::set_mro("classname", "foo")> or C<use mro 'foo'>, |
2275 | where C<foo> is not a valid method resolution order (MRO). Currently, | |
2276 | the only valid ones supported are C<dfs> and C<c3>, unless you have loaded | |
2277 | a module that is a MRO plugin. See L<mro> and L<perlmroapi>. | |
2c7d6b9c | 2278 | |
7253e4e3 | 2279 | =item Invalid [] range "%s" in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
6df41af2 GS |
2280 | |
2281 | (F) The range specified in a character class had a minimum character | |
7253e4e3 RK |
2282 | greater than the maximum character. One possibility is that you forgot the |
2283 | C<{}> from your ending C<\x{}> - C<\x> without the curly braces can go only | |
2284 | up to C<ff>. The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the | |
2285 | problem was discovered. See L<perlre>. | |
6df41af2 | 2286 | |
d1573ac7 | 2287 | =item Invalid range "%s" in transliteration operator |
c2e66d9e GS |
2288 | |
2289 | (F) The range specified in the tr/// or y/// operator had a minimum | |
2290 | character greater than the maximum character. See L<perlop>. | |
2291 | ||
09bef843 SB |
2292 | =item Invalid separator character %s in attribute list |
2293 | ||
0120eecf | 2294 | (F) Something other than a colon or whitespace was seen between the |
be771a83 GS |
2295 | elements of an attribute list. If the previous attribute had a |
2296 | parenthesised parameter list, perhaps that list was terminated too soon. | |
2297 | See L<attributes>. | |
09bef843 | 2298 | |
b4581f09 JH |
2299 | =item Invalid separator character %s in PerlIO layer specification %s |
2300 | ||
2bfc5f71 FC |
2301 | (W layer) When pushing layers onto the Perl I/O system, something other |
2302 | than a colon or whitespace was seen between the elements of a layer list. | |
b4581f09 JH |
2303 | If the previous attribute had a parenthesised parameter list, perhaps that |
2304 | list was terminated too soon. | |
2305 | ||
2c86d456 DG |
2306 | =item Invalid strict version format (%s) |
2307 | ||
2308 | (F) A version number did not meet the "strict" criteria for versions. | |
2309 | A "strict" version number is a positive decimal number (integer or | |
2310 | decimal-fraction) without exponentiation or else a dotted-decimal | |
2311 | v-string with a leading 'v' character and at least three components. | |
a6485a24 | 2312 | The parenthesized text indicates which criteria were not met. |
2c86d456 DG |
2313 | See the L<version> module for more details on allowed version formats. |
2314 | ||
49704364 | 2315 | =item Invalid type '%s' in %s |
96e4d5b1 | 2316 | |
49704364 WL |
2317 | (F) The given character is not a valid pack or unpack type. |
2318 | See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
2319 | (W) The given character is not a valid pack or unpack type but used to be | |
75b44862 | 2320 | silently ignored. |
96e4d5b1 | 2321 | |
2c86d456 DG |
2322 | =item Invalid version format (%s) |
2323 | ||
2324 | (F) A version number did not meet the "lax" criteria for versions. | |
2325 | A "lax" version number is a positive decimal number (integer or | |
2326 | decimal-fraction) without exponentiation or else a dotted-decimal | |
9da2b86b FC |
2327 | v-string. If the v-string has fewer than three components, it must |
2328 | have a leading 'v' character. Otherwise, the leading 'v' is optional. | |
2329 | Both decimal and dotted-decimal versions may have a trailing "alpha" | |
2c86d456 DG |
2330 | component separated by an underscore character after a fractional or |
2331 | dotted-decimal component. The parenthesized text indicates which | |
a6485a24 | 2332 | criteria were not met. See the L<version> module for more details on |
2c86d456 | 2333 | allowed version formats. |
46314c13 | 2334 | |
798ae1b7 DG |
2335 | =item Invalid version object |
2336 | ||
2337 | (F) The internal structure of the version object was invalid. Perhaps | |
2338 | the internals were modified directly in some way or an arbitrary reference | |
2339 | was blessed into the "version" class. | |
2340 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
2341 | =item ioctl is not implemented |
2342 | ||
2343 | (F) Your machine apparently doesn't implement ioctl(), which is pretty | |
2344 | strange for a machine that supports C. | |
2345 | ||
c289d2f7 JH |
2346 | =item ioctl() on unopened %s |
2347 | ||
2348 | (W unopened) You tried ioctl() on a filehandle that was never opened. | |
34b6fd5e | 2349 | Check your control flow and number of arguments. |
c289d2f7 | 2350 | |
fe13d51d | 2351 | =item IO layers (like '%s') unavailable |
363c40c4 SB |
2352 | |
2353 | (F) Your Perl has not been configured to have PerlIO, and therefore | |
34b6fd5e | 2354 | you cannot use IO layers. To have PerlIO, Perl must be configured |
363c40c4 SB |
2355 | with 'useperlio'. |
2356 | ||
80cbd5ad JH |
2357 | =item IO::Socket::atmark not implemented on this architecture |
2358 | ||
2359 | (F) Your machine doesn't implement the sockatmark() functionality, | |
34b6fd5e | 2360 | neither as a system call nor an ioctl call (SIOCATMARK). |
80cbd5ad | 2361 | |
b4581f09 JH |
2362 | =item $* is no longer supported |
2363 | ||
a58ac25e FC |
2364 | (D deprecated, syntax) The special variable C<$*>, deprecated in older |
2365 | perls, has been removed as of 5.9.0 and is no longer supported. In | |
2366 | previous versions of perl the use of C<$*> enabled or disabled multi-line | |
2367 | matching within a string. | |
4fd19576 B |
2368 | |
2369 | Instead of using C<$*> you should use the C</m> (and maybe C</s>) regexp | |
570dedd4 FC |
2370 | modifiers. You can enable C</m> for a lexical scope (even a whole file) |
2371 | with C<use re '/m'>. (In older versions: when C<$*> was set to a true value | |
2372 | then all regular expressions behaved as if they were written using C</m>.) | |
b4581f09 | 2373 | |
8ae1fe26 RGS |
2374 | =item $# is no longer supported |
2375 | ||
a58ac25e FC |
2376 | (D deprecated, syntax) The special variable C<$#>, deprecated in older |
2377 | perls, has been removed as of 5.9.3 and is no longer supported. You | |
2378 | should use the printf/sprintf functions instead. | |
8ae1fe26 | 2379 | |
6ad11d81 JH |
2380 | =item `%s' is not a code reference |
2381 | ||
04a80ee0 RGS |
2382 | (W overload) The second (fourth, sixth, ...) argument of overload::constant |
2383 | needs to be a code reference. Either an anonymous subroutine, or a reference | |
6ad11d81 JH |
2384 | to a subroutine. |
2385 | ||
2386 | =item `%s' is not an overloadable type | |
2387 | ||
04a80ee0 RGS |
2388 | (W overload) You tried to overload a constant type the overload package is |
2389 | unaware of. | |
6ad11d81 | 2390 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
2391 | =item junk on end of regexp |
2392 | ||
2393 | (P) The regular expression parser is confused. | |
2394 | ||
2395 | =item Label not found for "last %s" | |
2396 | ||
be771a83 GS |
2397 | (F) You named a loop to break out of, but you're not currently in a loop |
2398 | of that name, not even if you count where you were called from. See | |
2399 | L<perlfunc/last>. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
2400 | |
2401 | =item Label not found for "next %s" | |
2402 | ||
2403 | (F) You named a loop to continue, but you're not currently in a loop of | |
2404 | that name, not even if you count where you were called from. See | |
2405 | L<perlfunc/last>. | |
2406 | ||
2407 | =item Label not found for "redo %s" | |
2408 | ||
2409 | (F) You named a loop to restart, but you're not currently in a loop of | |
2410 | that name, not even if you count where you were called from. See | |
2411 | L<perlfunc/last>. | |
2412 | ||
85ab1d1d | 2413 | =item leaving effective %s failed |
5ff3f7a4 | 2414 | |
85ab1d1d | 2415 | (F) While under the C<use filetest> pragma, switching the real and |
5ff3f7a4 GS |
2416 | effective uids or gids failed. |
2417 | ||
49704364 WL |
2418 | =item length/code after end of string in unpack |
2419 | ||
d7f8936a | 2420 | (F) While unpacking, the string buffer was already used up when an unpack |
49704364 WL |
2421 | length/code combination tried to obtain more data. This results in |
2422 | an undefined value for the length. See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
2423 | ||
f0e67a1d Z |
2424 | =item Lexing code attempted to stuff non-Latin-1 character into Latin-1 input |
2425 | ||
2426 | (F) An extension is attempting to insert text into the current parse | |
96090e4f | 2427 | (using L<lex_stuff_pvn|perlapi/lex_stuff_pvn> or similar), but tried to insert a character |
d35a2c71 FC |
2428 | that couldn't be part of the current input. This is an inherent pitfall |
2429 | of the stuffing mechanism, and one of the reasons to avoid it. Where it | |
2430 | is necessary to stuff, stuffing only plain ASCII is recommended. | |
f0e67a1d Z |
2431 | |
2432 | =item Lexing code internal error (%s) | |
2433 | ||
2434 | (F) Lexing code supplied by an extension violated the lexer's API in a | |
2435 | detectable way. | |
2436 | ||
69282e91 | 2437 | =item listen() on closed socket %s |
a0d0e21e | 2438 | |
be771a83 GS |
2439 | (W closed) You tried to do a listen on a closed socket. Did you forget |
2440 | to check the return value of your socket() call? See | |
2441 | L<perlfunc/listen>. | |
a0d0e21e | 2442 | |
bcd05b94 | 2443 | =item localtime(%f) too large |
8b56d6ff | 2444 | |
e9200be3 | 2445 | (W overflow) You called C<localtime> with a number that was larger |
fc003d4b MS |
2446 | than it can reliably handle and C<localtime> probably returned the |
2447 | wrong date. This warning is also triggered with nan (the special | |
2448 | not-a-number value). | |
2449 | ||
bcd05b94 | 2450 | =item localtime(%f) too small |
fc003d4b | 2451 | |
e9200be3 | 2452 | (W overflow) You called C<localtime> with a number that was smaller |
fc003d4b MS |
2453 | than it can reliably handle and C<localtime> probably returned the |
2454 | wrong date. This warning is also triggered with nan (the special | |
2455 | not-a-number value). | |
8b56d6ff | 2456 | |
58e23c8d | 2457 | =item Lookbehind longer than %d not implemented in regex m/%s/ |
b45f050a JF |
2458 | |
2459 | (F) There is currently a limit on the length of string which lookbehind can | |
58e23c8d | 2460 | handle. This restriction may be eased in a future release. |
2e50fd82 | 2461 | |
b88df990 NC |
2462 | =item Lost precision when %s %f by 1 |
2463 | ||
2464 | (W) The value you attempted to increment or decrement by one is too large | |
2465 | for the underlying floating point representation to store accurately, | |
2466 | hence the target of C<++> or C<--> is unchanged. Perl issues this warning | |
2467 | because it has already switched from integers to floating point when values | |
2468 | are too large for integers, and now even floating point is insufficient. | |
2469 | You may wish to switch to using L<Math::BigInt> explicitly. | |
2470 | ||
2f7da168 RK |
2471 | =item lstat() on filehandle %s |
2472 | ||
2473 | (W io) You tried to do an lstat on a filehandle. What did you mean | |
2474 | by that? lstat() makes sense only on filenames. (Perl did a fstat() | |
2475 | instead on the filehandle.) | |
2476 | ||
bb3abb05 FC |
2477 | =item lvalue attribute cannot be removed after the subroutine has been defined |
2478 | ||
2479 | (W misc) The lvalue attribute on a Perl subroutine cannot be turned off | |
2480 | once the subroutine is defined. | |
2481 | ||
885ef6f5 GG |
2482 | =item lvalue attribute ignored after the subroutine has been defined |
2483 | ||
bb3abb05 FC |
2484 | (W misc) Making a Perl subroutine an lvalue subroutine after it has been |
2485 | defined, whether by declaring the subroutine with an lvalue attribute | |
2486 | or by using L<attributes.pm|attributes>, is not possible. To make the subroutine an | |
2487 | lvalue subroutine, add the lvalue attribute to the definition, or put | |
2488 | the declaration before the definition. | |
885ef6f5 | 2489 | |
2db62bbc | 2490 | =item Malformed integer in [] in pack |
49704364 | 2491 | |
2db62bbc | 2492 | (F) Between the brackets enclosing a numeric repeat count only digits |
49704364 WL |
2493 | are permitted. See L<perlfunc/pack>. |
2494 | ||
2495 | =item Malformed integer in [] in unpack | |
2496 | ||
2db62bbc | 2497 | (F) Between the brackets enclosing a numeric repeat count only digits |
49704364 WL |
2498 | are permitted. See L<perlfunc/pack>. |
2499 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
2500 | =item Malformed PERLLIB_PREFIX |
2501 | ||
2502 | (F) An error peculiar to OS/2. PERLLIB_PREFIX should be of the form | |
2503 | ||
2504 | prefix1;prefix2 | |
2505 | ||
2506 | or | |
6df41af2 GS |
2507 | prefix1 prefix2 |
2508 | ||
be771a83 GS |
2509 | with nonempty prefix1 and prefix2. If C<prefix1> is indeed a prefix of |
2510 | a builtin library search path, prefix2 is substituted. The error may | |
2511 | appear if components are not found, or are too long. See | |
fecfaeb8 | 2512 | "PERLLIB_PREFIX" in L<perlos2>. |
6df41af2 | 2513 | |
2f758a16 ST |
2514 | =item Malformed prototype for %s: %s |
2515 | ||
d37a9538 ST |
2516 | (F) You tried to use a function with a malformed prototype. The |
2517 | syntax of function prototypes is given a brief compile-time check for | |
2518 | obvious errors like invalid characters. A more rigorous check is run | |
2519 | when the function is called. | |
2f758a16 | 2520 | |
ba210ebe JH |
2521 | =item Malformed UTF-8 character (%s) |
2522 | ||
2575c402 JW |
2523 | (S utf8) (F) Perl detected a string that didn't comply with UTF-8 |
2524 | encoding rules, even though it had the UTF8 flag on. | |
ba210ebe | 2525 | |
2575c402 JW |
2526 | One possible cause is that you set the UTF8 flag yourself for data that |
2527 | you thought to be in UTF-8 but it wasn't (it was for example legacy | |
2528 | 8-bit data). To guard against this, you can use Encode::decode_utf8. | |
2529 | ||
2530 | If you use the C<:encoding(UTF-8)> PerlIO layer for input, invalid byte | |
2531 | sequences are handled gracefully, but if you use C<:utf8>, the flag is | |
2532 | set without validating the data, possibly resulting in this error | |
2533 | message. | |
2534 | ||
2535 | See also L<Encode/"Handling Malformed Data">. | |
901b21bf | 2536 | |
ff3f963a KW |
2537 | =item Malformed UTF-8 returned by \N |
2538 | ||
2539 | (F) The charnames handler returned malformed UTF-8. | |
2540 | ||
4a5d3a93 FC |
2541 | =item Malformed UTF-8 string in '%c' format in unpack |
2542 | ||
2543 | (F) You tried to unpack something that didn't comply with UTF-8 encoding | |
2544 | rules and perl was unable to guess how to make more progress. | |
2545 | ||
f337b084 TH |
2546 | =item Malformed UTF-8 string in pack |
2547 | ||
2548 | (F) You tried to pack something that didn't comply with UTF-8 encoding | |
2549 | rules and perl was unable to guess how to make more progress. | |
2550 | ||
2551 | =item Malformed UTF-8 string in unpack | |
2552 | ||
2553 | (F) You tried to unpack something that didn't comply with UTF-8 encoding | |
2554 | rules and perl was unable to guess how to make more progress. | |
2555 | ||
4a5d3a93 | 2556 | =item Malformed UTF-16 surrogate |
f337b084 | 2557 | |
4a5d3a93 FC |
2558 | (F) Perl thought it was reading UTF-16 encoded character data but while |
2559 | doing it Perl met a malformed Unicode surrogate. | |
2560 | ||
2561 | =item %s matches null string many times in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ | |
2562 | ||
2563 | (W regexp) The pattern you've specified would be an infinite loop if the | |
2564 | regular expression engine didn't specifically check for that. The <-- HERE | |
2565 | shows in the regular expression about where the problem was discovered. | |
2566 | See L<perlre>. | |
f337b084 | 2567 | |
de42a5a9 | 2568 | =item Maximal count of pending signals (%u) exceeded |
2563cec5 | 2569 | |
2db62bbc | 2570 | (F) Perl aborted due to too high a number of signals pending. This |
2563cec5 IZ |
2571 | usually indicates that your operating system tried to deliver signals |
2572 | too fast (with a very high priority), starving the perl process from | |
2573 | resources it would need to reach a point where it can process signals | |
2574 | safely. (See L<perlipc/"Deferred Signals (Safe Signals)">.) | |
2575 | ||
25f58aea PN |
2576 | =item "%s" may clash with future reserved word |
2577 | ||
2578 | (W) This warning may be due to running a perl5 script through a perl4 | |
2579 | interpreter, especially if the word that is being warned about is | |
2580 | "use" or "my". | |
2581 | ||
49704364 | 2582 | =item % may not be used in pack |
6df41af2 GS |
2583 | |
2584 | (F) You can't pack a string by supplying a checksum, because the | |
be771a83 GS |
2585 | checksumming process loses information, and you can't go the other way. |
2586 | See L<perlfunc/unpack>. | |
6df41af2 | 2587 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
2588 | =item Method for operation %s not found in package %s during blessing |
2589 | ||
2590 | (F) An attempt was made to specify an entry in an overloading table that | |
e7ea3e70 | 2591 | doesn't resolve to a valid subroutine. See L<overload>. |
a0d0e21e | 2592 | |
3cdd684c TP |
2593 | =item Method %s not permitted |
2594 | ||
2595 | See Server error. | |
2596 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
2597 | =item Might be a runaway multi-line %s string starting on line %d |
2598 | ||
2599 | (S) An advisory indicating that the previous error may have been caused | |
2600 | by a missing delimiter on a string or pattern, because it eventually | |
2601 | ended earlier on the current line. | |
2602 | ||
2603 | =item Misplaced _ in number | |
2604 | ||
d4ced10d JH |
2605 | (W syntax) An underscore (underbar) in a numeric constant did not |
2606 | separate two digits. | |
a0d0e21e | 2607 | |
7baa4690 HS |
2608 | =item Missing argument in %s |
2609 | ||
2610 | (W uninitialized) A printf-type format required more arguments than were | |
2611 | supplied. | |
2612 | ||
9e81e6a1 RGS |
2613 | =item Missing argument to -%c |
2614 | ||
2615 | (F) The argument to the indicated command line switch must follow | |
2616 | immediately after the switch, without intervening spaces. | |
2617 | ||
ff3f963a | 2618 | =item Missing braces on \N{} |
423cee85 | 2619 | |
4a2d328f | 2620 | (F) Wrong syntax of character name literal C<\N{charname}> within |
532cb70d FC |
2621 | double-quotish context. This can also happen when there is a space |
2622 | (or comment) between the C<\N> and the C<{> in a regex with the C</x> modifier. | |
2623 | This modifier does not change the requirement that the brace immediately | |
2624 | follow the C<\N>. | |
423cee85 | 2625 | |
f0a2b745 KW |
2626 | =item Missing braces on \o{} |
2627 | ||
2628 | (F) A C<\o> must be followed immediately by a C<{> in double-quotish context. | |
2629 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
2630 | =item Missing comma after first argument to %s function |
2631 | ||
2632 | (F) While certain functions allow you to specify a filehandle or an | |
2633 | "indirect object" before the argument list, this ain't one of them. | |
2634 | ||
06eaf0bc GS |
2635 | =item Missing command in piped open |
2636 | ||
be771a83 GS |
2637 | (W pipe) You used the C<open(FH, "| command")> or |
2638 | C<open(FH, "command |")> construction, but the command was missing or | |
2639 | blank. | |
06eaf0bc | 2640 | |
961ce445 RGS |
2641 | =item Missing control char name in \c |
2642 | ||
2643 | (F) A double-quoted string ended with "\c", without the required control | |
2644 | character name. | |
2645 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
2646 | =item Missing name in "my sub" |
2647 | ||
be771a83 GS |
2648 | (F) The reserved syntax for lexically scoped subroutines requires that |
2649 | they have a name with which they can be found. | |
6df41af2 GS |
2650 | |
2651 | =item Missing $ on loop variable | |
2652 | ||
be771a83 GS |
2653 | (F) Apparently you've been programming in B<csh> too much. Variables |
2654 | are always mentioned with the $ in Perl, unlike in the shells, where it | |
2655 | can vary from one line to the next. | |
6df41af2 | 2656 | |
cc507455 | 2657 | =item (Missing operator before %s?) |
748a9306 | 2658 | |
56da5a46 RGS |
2659 | (S syntax) This is an educated guess made in conjunction with the message |
2660 | "%s found where operator expected". Often the missing operator is a comma. | |
748a9306 | 2661 | |
ab13f0c7 JH |
2662 | =item Missing right brace on %s |
2663 | ||
ff3f963a KW |
2664 | (F) Missing right brace in C<\x{...}>, C<\p{...}>, C<\P{...}>, or C<\N{...}>. |
2665 | ||
4a68bf9d | 2666 | =item Missing right brace on \N{} or unescaped left brace after \N |
ff3f963a | 2667 | |
d32207c9 FC |
2668 | (F) C<\N> has two meanings. |
2669 | ||
2670 | The traditional one has it followed by a name enclosed in braces, | |
2671 | meaning the character (or sequence of characters) given by that | |
2672 | name. Thus C<\N{ASTERISK}> is another way of writing C<*>, valid in both | |
2673 | double-quoted strings and regular expression patterns. In patterns, | |
2674 | it doesn't have the meaning an unescaped C<*> does. | |
2675 | ||
2676 | Starting in Perl 5.12.0, C<\N> also can have an additional meaning (only) | |
2677 | in patterns, namely to match a non-newline character. (This is short | |
2678 | for C<[^\n]>, and like C<.> but is not affected by the C</s> regex modifier.) | |
2679 | ||
2680 | This can lead to some ambiguities. When C<\N> is not followed immediately | |
2681 | by a left brace, Perl assumes the C<[^\n]> meaning. Also, if the braces | |
2682 | form a valid quantifier such as C<\N{3}> or C<\N{5,}>, Perl assumes that this | |
2683 | means to match the given quantity of non-newlines (in these examples, | |
2684 | 3; and 5 or more, respectively). In all other case, where there is a | |
2685 | C<\N{> and a matching C<}>, Perl assumes that a character name is desired. | |
2686 | ||
2687 | However, if there is no matching C<}>, Perl doesn't know if it was | |
2688 | mistakenly omitted, or if C<[^\n]{> was desired, and raises this error. | |
2689 | If you meant the former, add the right brace; if you meant the latter, | |
2690 | escape the brace with a backslash, like so: C<\N\{> | |
ab13f0c7 | 2691 | |
d98d5fff | 2692 | =item Missing right curly or square bracket |
a0d0e21e | 2693 | |
be771a83 GS |
2694 | (F) The lexer counted more opening curly or square brackets than closing |
2695 | ones. As a general rule, you'll find it's missing near the place you | |
2696 | were last editing. | |
a0d0e21e | 2697 | |
6df41af2 GS |
2698 | =item (Missing semicolon on previous line?) |
2699 | ||
56da5a46 RGS |
2700 | (S syntax) This is an educated guess made in conjunction with the message |
2701 | "%s found where operator expected". Don't automatically put a semicolon on | |
6df41af2 GS |
2702 | the previous line just because you saw this message. |
2703 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
2704 | =item Modification of a read-only value attempted |
2705 | ||
2706 | (F) You tried, directly or indirectly, to change the value of a | |
5f05dabc | 2707 | constant. You didn't, of course, try "2 = 1", because the compiler |
a0d0e21e LW |
2708 | catches that. But an easy way to do the same thing is: |
2709 | ||
2710 | sub mod { $_[0] = 1 } | |
2711 | mod(2); | |
2712 | ||
2713 | Another way is to assign to a substr() that's off the end of the string. | |
2714 | ||
c5674021 |
2715 | Yet another way is to assign to a C<foreach> loop I<VAR> when I<VAR> |
2716 | is aliased to a constant in the look I<LIST>: | |
2717 | ||
2718 | $x = 1; | |
2719 | foreach my $n ($x, 2) { | |
2720 | $n *= 2; # modifies the $x, but fails on attempt to modify the 2 | |
64977eb6 | 2721 | } |
c5674021 | 2722 | |
7a4340ed | 2723 | =item Modification of non-creatable array value attempted, %s |
a0d0e21e LW |
2724 | |
2725 | (F) You tried to make an array value spring into existence, and the | |
2726 | subscript was probably negative, even counting from end of the array | |
2727 | backwards. | |
2728 | ||
7a4340ed | 2729 | =item Modification of non-creatable hash value attempted, %s |
a0d0e21e | 2730 | |
be771a83 GS |
2731 | (P) You tried to make a hash value spring into existence, and it |
2732 | couldn't be created for some peculiar reason. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
2733 | |
2734 | =item Module name must be constant | |
2735 | ||
2736 | (F) Only a bare module name is allowed as the first argument to a "use". | |
2737 | ||
be98fb35 | 2738 | =item Module name required with -%c option |
6df41af2 | 2739 | |
be98fb35 GS |
2740 | (F) The C<-M> or C<-m> options say that Perl should load some module, but |
2741 | you omitted the name of the module. Consult L<perlrun> for full details | |
2742 | about C<-M> and C<-m>. | |
6df41af2 | 2743 | |
fe13d51d | 2744 | =item More than one argument to '%s' open |
ed9aa3b7 SG |
2745 | |
2746 | (F) The C<open> function has been asked to open multiple files. This | |
2747 | can happen if you are trying to open a pipe to a command that takes a | |
2748 | list of arguments, but have forgotten to specify a piped open mode. | |
2749 | See L<perlfunc/open> for details. | |
2750 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
2751 | =item msg%s not implemented |
2752 | ||
2753 | (F) You don't have System V message IPC on your system. | |
2754 | ||
2755 | =item Multidimensional syntax %s not supported | |
2756 | ||
75b44862 GS |
2757 | (W syntax) Multidimensional arrays aren't written like C<$foo[1,2,3]>. |
2758 | They're written like C<$foo[1][2][3]>, as in C. | |
8b1a09fc | 2759 | |
49704364 | 2760 | =item '/' must follow a numeric type in unpack |
6df41af2 | 2761 | |
49704364 WL |
2762 | (F) You had an unpack template that contained a '/', but this did not |
2763 | follow some unpack specification producing a numeric value. | |
2764 | See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
6df41af2 GS |
2765 | |
2766 | =item "my sub" not yet implemented | |
2767 | ||
be771a83 GS |
2768 | (F) Lexically scoped subroutines are not yet implemented. Don't try |
2769 | that yet. | |
6df41af2 | 2770 | |
fd1b7234 | 2771 | =item "my" variable %s can't be in a package |
6df41af2 | 2772 | |
be771a83 GS |
2773 | (F) Lexically scoped variables aren't in a package, so it doesn't make |
2774 | sense to try to declare one with a package qualifier on the front. Use | |
2775 | local() if you want to localize a package variable. | |
09bef843 | 2776 | |
8149aa9f FC |
2777 | =item Name "%s::%s" used only once: possible typo |
2778 | ||
2779 | (W once) Typographical errors often show up as unique variable names. | |
2780 | If you had a good reason for having a unique name, then just mention it | |
2781 | again somehow to suppress the message. The C<our> declaration is | |
2782 | provided for this purpose. | |
2783 | ||
2784 | NOTE: This warning detects symbols that have been used only once so $c, @c, | |
2785 | %c, *c, &c, sub c{}, c(), and c (the filehandle or format) are considered | |
2786 | the same; if a program uses $c only once but also uses any of the others it | |
2787 | will not trigger this warning. | |
2788 | ||
4a68bf9d | 2789 | =item \N in a character class must be a named character: \N{...} |
ff3f963a | 2790 | |
c3c41406 | 2791 | (F) The new (5.12) meaning of C<\N> as C<[^\n]> is not valid in a bracketed |
f4e361c7 FC |
2792 | character class, for the same reason that C<.> in a character class loses |
2793 | its specialness: it matches almost everything, which is probably not | |
2794 | what you want. | |
c3c41406 | 2795 | |
4a68bf9d | 2796 | =item \N{NAME} must be resolved by the lexer |
c3c41406 | 2797 | |
f4e361c7 FC |
2798 | (F) When compiling a regex pattern, an unresolved named character or |
2799 | sequence was encountered. This can happen in any of several ways that | |
2800 | bypass the lexer, such as using single-quotish context, or an extra | |
7fae04b9 | 2801 | backslash in double-quotish: |
c3c41406 KW |
2802 | |
2803 | $re = '\N{SPACE}'; # Wrong! | |
b09c05e6 | 2804 | $re = "\\N{SPACE}"; # Wrong! |
c3c41406 KW |
2805 | /$re/; |
2806 | ||
b09c05e6 | 2807 | Instead, use double-quotes with a single backslash: |
c3c41406 KW |
2808 | |
2809 | $re = "\N{SPACE}"; # ok | |
2810 | /$re/; | |
2811 | ||
2812 | The lexer can be bypassed as well by creating the pattern from smaller | |
2813 | components: | |
2814 | ||
2815 | $re = '\N'; | |
2816 | /${re}{SPACE}/; # Wrong! | |
2817 | ||
2818 | It's not a good idea to split a construct in the middle like this, and it | |
2819 | doesn't work here. Instead use the solution above. | |
2820 | ||
2821 | Finally, the message also can happen under the C</x> regex modifier when the | |
2822 | C<\N> is separated by spaces from the C<{>, in which case, remove the spaces. | |
2823 | ||
2824 | /\N {SPACE}/x; # Wrong! | |
2825 | /\N{SPACE}/x; # ok | |
ff3f963a | 2826 | |
49704364 WL |
2827 | =item Negative '/' count in unpack |
2828 | ||
2829 | (F) The length count obtained from a length/code unpack operation was | |
2830 | negative. See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
2831 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
2832 | =item Negative length |
2833 | ||
be771a83 GS |
2834 | (F) You tried to do a read/write/send/recv operation with a buffer |
2835 | length that is less than 0. This is difficult to imagine. | |
a0d0e21e | 2836 | |
ed9aa3b7 SG |
2837 | =item Negative offset to vec in lvalue context |
2838 | ||
2839 | (F) When C<vec> is called in an lvalue context, the second argument must be | |
2840 | greater than or equal to zero. | |
2841 | ||
7253e4e3 | 2842 | =item Nested quantifiers in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
a0d0e21e | 2843 | |
b45f050a | 2844 | (F) You can't quantify a quantifier without intervening parentheses. So |
7253e4e3 | 2845 | things like ** or +* or ?* are illegal. The <-- HERE shows in the regular |
b45f050a | 2846 | expression about where the problem was discovered. |
a0d0e21e | 2847 | |
7253e4e3 | 2848 | Note that the minimal matching quantifiers, C<*?>, C<+?>, and |
be771a83 | 2849 | C<??> appear to be nested quantifiers, but aren't. See L<perlre>. |
a0d0e21e | 2850 | |
6df41af2 | 2851 | =item %s never introduced |
a0d0e21e | 2852 | |
be771a83 GS |
2853 | (S internal) The symbol in question was declared but somehow went out of |
2854 | scope before it could possibly have been used. | |
a0d0e21e | 2855 | |
2c7d6b9c RGS |
2856 | =item next::method/next::can/maybe::next::method cannot find enclosing method |
2857 | ||
2858 | (F) C<next::method> needs to be called within the context of a | |
2859 | real method in a real package, and it could not find such a context. | |
2860 | See L<mro>. | |
2861 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
2862 | =item No %s allowed while running setuid |
2863 | ||
be771a83 GS |
2864 | (F) Certain operations are deemed to be too insecure for a setuid or |
2865 | setgid script to even be allowed to attempt. Generally speaking there | |
2866 | will be another way to do what you want that is, if not secure, at least | |
2867 | securable. See L<perlsec>. | |
a0d0e21e | 2868 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
2869 | =item No comma allowed after %s |
2870 | ||
2871 | (F) A list operator that has a filehandle or "indirect object" is not | |
2872 | allowed to have a comma between that and the following arguments. | |
2873 | Otherwise it'd be just another one of the arguments. | |
2874 | ||
0a753a76 | 2875 | One possible cause for this is that you expected to have imported a |
2876 | constant to your name space with B<use> or B<import> while no such | |
2877 | importing took place, it may for example be that your operating system | |
2878 | does not support that particular constant. Hopefully you did use an | |
f7af5ce1 | 2879 | explicit import list for the constants you expect to see; please see |
0a753a76 | 2880 | L<perlfunc/use> and L<perlfunc/import>. While an explicit import list |
2881 | would probably have caught this error earlier it naturally does not | |
2882 | remedy the fact that your operating system still does not support that | |
2883 | constant. Maybe you have a typo in the constants of the symbol import | |
2884 | list of B<use> or B<import> or in the constant name at the line where | |
2885 | this error was triggered? | |
2886 | ||
748a9306 LW |
2887 | =item No command into which to pipe on command line |
2888 | ||
be771a83 GS |
2889 | (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl handles its own command line |
2890 | redirection, and found a '|' at the end of the command line, so it | |
2891 | doesn't know where you want to pipe the output from this command. | |
748a9306 | 2892 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
2893 | =item No DB::DB routine defined |
2894 | ||
be771a83 | 2895 | (F) The currently executing code was compiled with the B<-d> switch, but |
f7af5ce1 | 2896 | for some reason the current debugger (e.g. F<perl5db.pl> or a C<Devel::> |
ccafdc96 RGS |
2897 | module) didn't define a routine to be called at the beginning of each |
2898 | statement. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
2899 | |
2900 | =item No dbm on this machine | |
2901 | ||
2902 | (P) This is counted as an internal error, because every machine should | |
5f05dabc | 2903 | supply dbm nowadays, because Perl comes with SDBM. See L<SDBM_File>. |
a0d0e21e | 2904 | |
ccafdc96 | 2905 | =item No DB::sub routine defined |
a0d0e21e | 2906 | |
ccafdc96 RGS |
2907 | (F) The currently executing code was compiled with the B<-d> switch, but |
2908 | for some reason the current debugger (e.g. F<perl5db.pl> or a C<Devel::> | |
2909 | module) didn't define a C<DB::sub> routine to be called at the beginning | |
2910 | of each ordinary subroutine call. | |
a0d0e21e | 2911 | |
c47ff5f1 | 2912 | =item No error file after 2> or 2>> on command line |
748a9306 | 2913 | |
be771a83 GS |
2914 | (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl handles its own command line |
2915 | redirection, and found a '2>' or a '2>>' on the command line, but can't | |
2916 | find the name of the file to which to write data destined for stderr. | |
748a9306 | 2917 | |
49704364 WL |
2918 | =item No group ending character '%c' found in template |
2919 | ||
2920 | (F) A pack or unpack template has an opening '(' or '[' without its | |
2921 | matching counterpart. See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
2922 | ||
c47ff5f1 | 2923 | =item No input file after < on command line |
748a9306 | 2924 | |
be771a83 GS |
2925 | (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl handles its own command line |
2926 | redirection, and found a '<' on the command line, but can't find the | |
2927 | name of the file from which to read data for stdin. | |
748a9306 | 2928 | |
2c7d6b9c RGS |
2929 | =item No next::method '%s' found for %s |
2930 | ||
2931 | (F) C<next::method> found no further instances of this method name | |
2932 | in the remaining packages of the MRO of this class. If you don't want | |
2933 | it throwing an exception, use C<maybe::next::method> | |
2934 | or C<next::can>. See L<mro>. | |
2935 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
2936 | =item "no" not allowed in expression |
2937 | ||
be771a83 GS |
2938 | (F) The "no" keyword is recognized and executed at compile time, and |
2939 | returns no useful value. See L<perlmod>. | |
6df41af2 | 2940 | |
c47ff5f1 | 2941 | =item No output file after > on command line |
748a9306 | 2942 | |
be771a83 GS |
2943 | (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl handles its own command line |
2944 | redirection, and found a lone '>' at the end of the command line, so it | |
2945 | doesn't know where you wanted to redirect stdout. | |
748a9306 | 2946 | |
c47ff5f1 | 2947 | =item No output file after > or >> on command line |
748a9306 | 2948 | |
be771a83 GS |
2949 | (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl handles its own command line |
2950 | redirection, and found a '>' or a '>>' on the command line, but can't | |
2951 | find the name of the file to which to write data destined for stdout. | |
748a9306 | 2952 | |
1ec3e8de GS |
2953 | =item No package name allowed for variable %s in "our" |
2954 | ||
be771a83 GS |
2955 | (F) Fully qualified variable names are not allowed in "our" |
2956 | declarations, because that doesn't make much sense under existing | |
2957 | semantics. Such syntax is reserved for future extensions. | |
1ec3e8de | 2958 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
2959 | =item No Perl script found in input |
2960 | ||
2961 | (F) You called C<perl -x>, but no line was found in the file beginning | |
2962 | with #! and containing the word "perl". | |
2963 | ||
2964 | =item No setregid available | |
2965 | ||
2966 | (F) Configure didn't find anything resembling the setregid() call for | |
2967 | your system. | |
2968 | ||
2969 | =item No setreuid available | |
2970 | ||
2971 | (F) Configure didn't find anything resembling the setreuid() call for | |
2972 | your system. | |
2973 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
2974 | =item No %s specified for -%c |
2975 | ||
2976 | (F) The indicated command line switch needs a mandatory argument, but | |
2977 | you haven't specified one. | |
f7af5ce1 | 2978 | |
e75d1f10 RD |
2979 | =item No such class field "%s" in variable %s of type %s |
2980 | ||
2981 | (F) You tried to access a key from a hash through the indicated typed variable | |
2982 | but that key is not allowed by the package of the same type. The indicated | |
2983 | package has restricted the set of allowed keys using the L<fields> pragma. | |
2984 | ||
2c692339 RGS |
2985 | =item No such class %s |
2986 | ||
dc7e5945 FC |
2987 | (F) You provided a class qualifier in a "my", "our" or "state" |
2988 | declaration, but this class doesn't exist at this point in your program. | |
2c692339 | 2989 | |
3c20a832 SP |
2990 | =item No such hook: %s |
2991 | ||
dc7e5945 FC |
2992 | (F) You specified a signal hook that was not recognized by Perl. |
2993 | Currently, Perl accepts C<__DIE__> and C<__WARN__> as valid signal hooks. | |
3c20a832 | 2994 | |
6df41af2 GS |
2995 | =item No such pipe open |
2996 | ||
2997 | (P) An error peculiar to VMS. The internal routine my_pclose() tried to | |
be771a83 GS |
2998 | close a pipe which hadn't been opened. This should have been caught |
2999 | earlier as an attempt to close an unopened filehandle. | |
6df41af2 | 3000 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
3001 | =item No such signal: SIG%s |
3002 | ||
be771a83 GS |
3003 | (W signal) You specified a signal name as a subscript to %SIG that was |
3004 | not recognized. Say C<kill -l> in your shell to see the valid signal | |
3005 | names on your system. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
3006 | |
3007 | =item Not a CODE reference | |
3008 | ||
3009 | (F) Perl was trying to evaluate a reference to a code value (that is, a | |
3010 | subroutine), but found a reference to something else instead. You can | |
be771a83 GS |
3011 | use the ref() function to find out what kind of ref it really was. See |
3012 | also L<perlref>. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
3013 | |
3014 | =item Not a format reference | |
3015 | ||
3016 | (F) I'm not sure how you managed to generate a reference to an anonymous | |
3017 | format, but this indicates you did, and that it didn't exist. | |
3018 | ||
3019 | =item Not a GLOB reference | |
3020 | ||
be771a83 GS |
3021 | (F) Perl was trying to evaluate a reference to a "typeglob" (that is, a |
3022 | symbol table entry that looks like C<*foo>), but found a reference to | |
3023 | something else instead. You can use the ref() function to find out what | |
3024 | kind of ref it really was. See L<perlref>. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
3025 | |
3026 | =item Not a HASH reference | |
3027 | ||
be771a83 GS |
3028 | (F) Perl was trying to evaluate a reference to a hash value, but found a |
3029 | reference to something else instead. You can use the ref() function to | |
3030 | find out what kind of ref it really was. See L<perlref>. | |
a0d0e21e | 3031 | |
6df41af2 GS |
3032 | =item Not an ARRAY reference |
3033 | ||
be771a83 GS |
3034 | (F) Perl was trying to evaluate a reference to an array value, but found |
3035 | a reference to something else instead. You can use the ref() function | |
3036 | to find out what kind of ref it really was. See L<perlref>. | |
6df41af2 | 3037 | |
d4fc4415 FC |
3038 | =item Not an unblessed ARRAY reference |
3039 | ||
3040 | (F) You passed a reference to a blessed array to C<push>, C<shift> or | |
3041 | another array function. These only accept unblessed array references | |
3042 | or arrays beginning explicitly with C<@>. | |
3043 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
3044 | =item Not a SCALAR reference |
3045 | ||
be771a83 GS |
3046 | (F) Perl was trying to evaluate a reference to a scalar value, but found |
3047 | a reference to something else instead. You can use the ref() function | |
3048 | to find out what kind of ref it really was. See L<perlref>. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
3049 | |
3050 | =item Not a subroutine reference | |
3051 | ||
3052 | (F) Perl was trying to evaluate a reference to a code value (that is, a | |
3053 | subroutine), but found a reference to something else instead. You can | |
be771a83 GS |
3054 | use the ref() function to find out what kind of ref it really was. See |
3055 | also L<perlref>. | |
a0d0e21e | 3056 | |
e7ea3e70 | 3057 | =item Not a subroutine reference in overload table |
a0d0e21e LW |
3058 | |
3059 | (F) An attempt was made to specify an entry in an overloading table that | |
8b1a09fc | 3060 | doesn't somehow point to a valid subroutine. See L<overload>. |
a0d0e21e | 3061 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
3062 | =item Not enough arguments for %s |
3063 | ||
3064 | (F) The function requires more arguments than you specified. | |
3065 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
3066 | =item Not enough format arguments |
3067 | ||
be771a83 GS |
3068 | (W syntax) A format specified more picture fields than the next line |
3069 | supplied. See L<perlform>. | |
6df41af2 GS |
3070 | |
3071 | =item %s: not found | |
3072 | ||
be771a83 GS |
3073 | (A) You've accidentally run your script through the Bourne shell instead |
3074 | of Perl. Check the #! line, or manually feed your script into Perl | |
3075 | yourself. | |
6df41af2 GS |
3076 | |
3077 | =item no UTC offset information; assuming local time is UTC | |
a0d0e21e | 3078 | |
6df41af2 GS |
3079 | (S) A warning peculiar to VMS. Perl was unable to find the local |
3080 | timezone offset, so it's assuming that local system time is equivalent | |
be771a83 GS |
3081 | to UTC. If it's not, define the logical name |
3082 | F<SYS$TIMEZONE_DIFFERENTIAL> to translate to the number of seconds which | |
3083 | need to be added to UTC to get local time. | |
a0d0e21e | 3084 | |
f0a2b745 KW |
3085 | =item Non-octal character '%c'. Resolved as "%s" |
3086 | ||
5493e060 FC |
3087 | (W digit) In parsing an octal numeric constant, a character was |
3088 | unexpectedly encountered that isn't octal. The resulting value is as | |
3089 | indicated. | |
f0a2b745 | 3090 | |
4ef2275c GA |
3091 | =item Non-string passed as bitmask |
3092 | ||
3093 | (W misc) A number has been passed as a bitmask argument to select(). | |
3094 | Use the vec() function to construct the file descriptor bitmasks for | |
bc4b151d | 3095 | select. See L<perlfunc/select>. |
4ef2275c | 3096 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
3097 | =item Null filename used |
3098 | ||
be771a83 GS |
3099 | (F) You can't require the null filename, especially because on many |
3100 | machines that means the current directory! See L<perlfunc/require>. | |
a0d0e21e | 3101 | |
6df41af2 GS |
3102 | =item NULL OP IN RUN |
3103 | ||
be771a83 GS |
3104 | (P debugging) Some internal routine called run() with a null opcode |
3105 | pointer. | |
6df41af2 | 3106 | |
55497cff | 3107 | =item Null picture in formline |
3108 | ||
3109 | (F) The first argument to formline must be a valid format picture | |
3110 | specification. It was found to be empty, which probably means you | |
3111 | supplied it an uninitialized value. See L<perlform>. | |
3112 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
3113 | =item Null realloc |
3114 | ||
3115 | (P) An attempt was made to realloc NULL. | |
3116 | ||
3117 | =item NULL regexp argument | |
3118 | ||
5f05dabc | 3119 | (P) The internal pattern matching routines blew it big time. |
a0d0e21e LW |
3120 | |
3121 | =item NULL regexp parameter | |
3122 | ||
3123 | (P) The internal pattern matching routines are out of their gourd. | |
3124 | ||
fc36a67e | 3125 | =item Number too long |
3126 | ||
be771a83 | 3127 | (F) Perl limits the representation of decimal numbers in programs to |
da75cd15 | 3128 | about 250 characters. You've exceeded that length. Future |
be771a83 GS |
3129 | versions of Perl are likely to eliminate this arbitrary limitation. In |
3130 | the meantime, try using scientific notation (e.g. "1e6" instead of | |
3131 | "1_000_000"). | |
fc36a67e | 3132 | |
f0a2b745 KW |
3133 | =item Number with no digits |
3134 | ||
1043934d FC |
3135 | (F) Perl was looking for a number but found nothing that looked like |
3136 | a number. This happens, for example with C<\o{}>, with no number between | |
3137 | the braces. | |
f0a2b745 | 3138 | |
6df41af2 GS |
3139 | =item Octal number in vector unsupported |
3140 | ||
be771a83 GS |
3141 | (F) Numbers with a leading C<0> are not currently allowed in vectors. |
3142 | The octal number interpretation of such numbers may be supported in a | |
3143 | future version. | |
6df41af2 | 3144 | |
252aa082 JH |
3145 | =item Octal number > 037777777777 non-portable |
3146 | ||
75b44862 | 3147 | (W portable) The octal number you specified is larger than 2**32-1 |
be771a83 GS |
3148 | (4294967295) and therefore non-portable between systems. See |
3149 | L<perlport> for more on portability concerns. | |
252aa082 | 3150 | |
6ad11d81 JH |
3151 | =item Odd number of arguments for overload::constant |
3152 | ||
04a80ee0 RGS |
3153 | (W overload) The call to overload::constant contained an odd number of |
3154 | arguments. The arguments should come in pairs. | |
6ad11d81 | 3155 | |
b21befc1 MG |
3156 | =item Odd number of elements in anonymous hash |
3157 | ||
3158 | (W misc) You specified an odd number of elements to initialize a hash, | |
3159 | which is odd, because hashes come in key/value pairs. | |
3160 | ||
1930e939 | 3161 | =item Odd number of elements in hash assignment |
a0d0e21e | 3162 | |
be771a83 GS |
3163 | (W misc) You specified an odd number of elements to initialize a hash, |
3164 | which is odd, because hashes come in key/value pairs. | |
a0d0e21e | 3165 | |
bbce6d69 | 3166 | =item Offset outside string |
3167 | ||
a4a4c9e2 | 3168 | (F|W layer) You tried to do a read/write/send/recv/seek operation |
42bc49da | 3169 | with an offset pointing outside the buffer. This is difficult to |
f5a7294f JH |
3170 | imagine. The sole exceptions to this are that zero padding will |
3171 | take place when going past the end of the string when either | |
3172 | C<sysread()>ing a file, or when seeking past the end of a scalar opened | |
1a7a2554 MB |
3173 | for I/O (in anticipation of future reads and to imitate the behaviour |
3174 | with real files). | |
bbce6d69 | 3175 | |
c289d2f7 | 3176 | =item %s() on unopened %s |
2dd78f96 JH |
3177 | |
3178 | (W unopened) An I/O operation was attempted on a filehandle that was | |
3179 | never initialized. You need to do an open(), a sysopen(), or a socket() | |
3180 | call, or call a constructor from the FileHandle package. | |
3181 | ||
96ebfdd7 RK |
3182 | =item -%s on unopened filehandle %s |
3183 | ||
3184 | (W unopened) You tried to invoke a file test operator on a filehandle | |
3185 | that isn't open. Check your control flow. See also L<perlfunc/-X>. | |
3186 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
3187 | =item oops: oopsAV |
3188 | ||
e476b1b5 | 3189 | (S internal) An internal warning that the grammar is screwed up. |
a0d0e21e LW |
3190 | |
3191 | =item oops: oopsHV | |
3192 | ||
e476b1b5 | 3193 | (S internal) An internal warning that the grammar is screwed up. |
a0d0e21e | 3194 | |
abc718f2 RGS |
3195 | =item Opening dirhandle %s also as a file |
3196 | ||
a4a4c9e2 | 3197 | (W io, deprecated) You used open() to associate a filehandle to |
abc718f2 RGS |
3198 | a symbol (glob or scalar) that already holds a dirhandle. |
3199 | Although legal, this idiom might render your code confusing | |
3200 | and is deprecated. | |
3201 | ||
3202 | =item Opening filehandle %s also as a directory | |
3203 | ||
a4a4c9e2 | 3204 | (W io, deprecated) You used opendir() to associate a dirhandle to |
abc718f2 RGS |
3205 | a symbol (glob or scalar) that already holds a filehandle. |
3206 | Although legal, this idiom might render your code confusing | |
3207 | and is deprecated. | |
3208 | ||
a0288114 | 3209 | =item Operation "%s": no method found, %s |
44a8e56a | 3210 | |
be771a83 GS |
3211 | (F) An attempt was made to perform an overloaded operation for which no |
3212 | handler was defined. While some handlers can be autogenerated in terms | |
3213 | of other handlers, there is no default handler for any operation, unless | |
e4aad80d | 3214 | the C<fallback> overloading key is specified to be true. See L<overload>. |
44a8e56a | 3215 | |
5ff1373f | 3216 | =item Operation "%s" returns its argument for non-Unicode code point 0x%X |
9ae3ac1a | 3217 | |
8457b38f KW |
3218 | (W utf8, non_unicode) You performed an operation requiring Unicode |
3219 | semantics on a code | |
5ff1373f FC |
3220 | point that is not in Unicode, so what it should do is not defined. Perl |
3221 | has chosen to have it do nothing, and warn you. | |
9ae3ac1a KW |
3222 | |
3223 | If the operation shown is "ToFold", it means that case-insensitive | |
3224 | matching in a regular expression was done on the code point. | |
3225 | ||
3226 | If you know what you are doing you can turn off this warning by | |
8457b38f | 3227 | C<no warnings 'non_unicode';>. |
9ae3ac1a | 3228 | |
5ff1373f | 3229 | =item Operation "%s" returns its argument for UTF-16 surrogate U+%X |
9ae3ac1a | 3230 | |
8457b38f KW |
3231 | (W utf8, surrogate) You performed an operation requiring Unicode |
3232 | semantics on a Unicode | |
5ff1373f FC |
3233 | surrogate. Unicode frowns upon the use of surrogates for anything but |
3234 | storing strings in UTF-16, but semantics are (reluctantly) defined for | |
3235 | the surrogates, and they are to do nothing for this operation. Because | |
3236 | the use of surrogates can be dangerous, Perl warns. | |
9ae3ac1a KW |
3237 | |
3238 | If the operation shown is "ToFold", it means that case-insensitive | |
3239 | matching in a regular expression was done on the code point. | |
3240 | ||
3241 | If you know what you are doing you can turn off this warning by | |
8457b38f | 3242 | C<no warnings 'surrogate';>. |
9ae3ac1a | 3243 | |
748a9306 LW |
3244 | =item Operator or semicolon missing before %s |
3245 | ||
be771a83 GS |
3246 | (S ambiguous) You used a variable or subroutine call where the parser |
3247 | was expecting an operator. The parser has assumed you really meant to | |
3248 | use an operator, but this is highly likely to be incorrect. For | |
3249 | example, if you say "*foo *foo" it will be interpreted as if you said | |
3250 | "*foo * 'foo'". | |
748a9306 | 3251 | |
6df41af2 GS |
3252 | =item "our" variable %s redeclared |
3253 | ||
be771a83 GS |
3254 | (W misc) You seem to have already declared the same global once before |
3255 | in the current lexical scope. | |
6df41af2 | 3256 | |
a80b8354 GS |
3257 | =item Out of memory! |
3258 | ||
3259 | (X) The malloc() function returned 0, indicating there was insufficient | |
be771a83 GS |
3260 | remaining memory (or virtual memory) to satisfy the request. Perl has |
3261 | no option but to exit immediately. | |
a80b8354 | 3262 | |
19a52907 JH |
3263 | At least in Unix you may be able to get past this by increasing your |
3264 | process datasize limits: in csh/tcsh use C<limit> and | |
3265 | C<limit datasize n> (where C<n> is the number of kilobytes) to check | |
3266 | the current limits and change them, and in ksh/bash/zsh use C<ulimit -a> | |
3267 | and C<ulimit -d n>, respectively. | |
3268 | ||
6d3b25aa RGS |
3269 | =item Out of memory during %s extend |
3270 | ||
3271 | (X) An attempt was made to extend an array, a list, or a string beyond | |
3272 | the largest possible memory allocation. | |
3273 | ||
6df41af2 | 3274 | =item Out of memory during "large" request for %s |
a0d0e21e | 3275 | |
6df41af2 GS |
3276 | (F) The malloc() function returned 0, indicating there was insufficient |
3277 | remaining memory (or virtual memory) to satisfy the request. However, | |
be771a83 GS |
3278 | the request was judged large enough (compile-time default is 64K), so a |
3279 | possibility to shut down by trapping this error is granted. | |
a0d0e21e | 3280 | |
1b979e0a | 3281 | =item Out of memory during request for %s |
a0d0e21e | 3282 | |
be771a83 GS |
3283 | (X|F) The malloc() function returned 0, indicating there was |
3284 | insufficient remaining memory (or virtual memory) to satisfy the | |
3285 | request. | |
eff9c6e2 CS |
3286 | |
3287 | The request was judged to be small, so the possibility to trap it | |
3288 | depends on the way perl was compiled. By default it is not trappable. | |
be771a83 GS |
3289 | However, if compiled for this, Perl may use the contents of C<$^M> as an |
3290 | emergency pool after die()ing with this message. In this case the error | |
b022d2d2 IZ |
3291 | is trappable I<once>, and the error message will include the line and file |
3292 | where the failed request happened. | |
55497cff | 3293 | |
1b979e0a IZ |
3294 | =item Out of memory during ridiculously large request |
3295 | ||
3296 | (F) You can't allocate more than 2^31+"small amount" bytes. This error | |
be771a83 GS |
3297 | is most likely to be caused by a typo in the Perl program. e.g., |
3298 | C<$arr[time]> instead of C<$arr[$time]>. | |
1b979e0a | 3299 | |
6df41af2 GS |
3300 | =item Out of memory for yacc stack |
3301 | ||
be771a83 GS |
3302 | (F) The yacc parser wanted to grow its stack so it could continue |
3303 | parsing, but realloc() wouldn't give it more memory, virtual or | |
3304 | otherwise. | |
6df41af2 | 3305 | |
28be1210 TH |
3306 | =item '.' outside of string in pack |
3307 | ||
3308 | (F) The argument to a '.' in your template tried to move the working | |
3309 | position to before the start of the packed string being built. | |
3310 | ||
49704364 | 3311 | =item '@' outside of string in unpack |
6df41af2 | 3312 | |
49704364 | 3313 | (F) You had a template that specified an absolute position outside |
6df41af2 GS |
3314 | the string being unpacked. See L<perlfunc/pack>. |
3315 | ||
f337b084 TH |
3316 | =item '@' outside of string with malformed UTF-8 in unpack |
3317 | ||
3318 | (F) You had a template that specified an absolute position outside | |
3319 | the string being unpacked. The string being unpacked was also invalid | |
3320 | UTF-8. See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
3321 | ||
7cb0cfe6 BM |
3322 | =item Overloaded dereference did not return a reference |
3323 | ||
3324 | (F) An object with an overloaded dereference operator was dereferenced, | |
3325 | but the overloaded operation did not return a reference. See | |
3326 | L<overload>. | |
3327 | ||
3328 | =item Overloaded qr did not return a REGEXP | |
3329 | ||
3330 | (F) An object with a C<qr> overload was used as part of a match, but the | |
3331 | overloaded operation didn't return a compiled regexp. See L<overload>. | |
3332 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
3333 | =item %s package attribute may clash with future reserved word: %s |
3334 | ||
be771a83 GS |
3335 | (W reserved) A lowercase attribute name was used that had a |
3336 | package-specific handler. That name might have a meaning to Perl itself | |
3337 | some day, even though it doesn't yet. Perhaps you should use a | |
3338 | mixed-case attribute name, instead. See L<attributes>. | |
6df41af2 | 3339 | |
96ebfdd7 RK |
3340 | =item pack/unpack repeat count overflow |
3341 | ||
3342 | (F) You can't specify a repeat count so large that it overflows your | |
3343 | signed integers. See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
3344 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
3345 | =item page overflow |
3346 | ||
be771a83 GS |
3347 | (W io) A single call to write() produced more lines than can fit on a |
3348 | page. See L<perlform>. | |
a0d0e21e | 3349 | |
6df41af2 GS |
3350 | =item panic: %s |
3351 | ||
3352 | (P) An internal error. | |
3353 | ||
c99a1475 NC |
3354 | =item panic: attempt to call %s in %s |
3355 | ||
3356 | (P) One of the file test operators entered a code branch that calls | |
3357 | an ACL related-function, but that function is not available on this | |
3358 | platform. Earlier checks mean that it should not be possible to | |
3359 | enter this branch on this platform. | |
3360 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
3361 | =item panic: ck_grep |
3362 | ||
3363 | (P) Failed an internal consistency check trying to compile a grep. | |
3364 | ||
3365 | =item panic: ck_split | |
3366 | ||
3367 | (P) Failed an internal consistency check trying to compile a split. | |
3368 | ||
3369 | =item panic: corrupt saved stack index | |
3370 | ||
be771a83 GS |
3371 | (P) The savestack was requested to restore more localized values than |
3372 | there are in the savestack. | |
a0d0e21e | 3373 | |
810b8aa5 GS |
3374 | =item panic: del_backref |
3375 | ||
3376 | (P) Failed an internal consistency check while trying to reset a weak | |
3377 | reference. | |
3378 | ||
7619c85e RG |
3379 | =item panic: Devel::DProf inconsistent subroutine return |
3380 | ||
3381 | (P) Devel::DProf called a subroutine that exited using goto(LABEL), | |
3382 | last(LABEL) or next(LABEL). Leaving that way a subroutine called from | |
3383 | an XSUB will lead very probably to a crash of the interpreter. This is | |
3384 | a bug that will hopefully one day get fixed. | |
3385 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
3386 | =item panic: die %s |
3387 | ||
3388 | (P) We popped the context stack to an eval context, and then discovered | |
3389 | it wasn't an eval context. | |
3390 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
3391 | =item panic: do_subst |
3392 | ||
be771a83 GS |
3393 | (P) The internal pp_subst() routine was called with invalid operational |
3394 | data. | |
a0d0e21e | 3395 | |
2269b42e | 3396 | =item panic: do_trans_%s |
a0d0e21e | 3397 | |
2269b42e | 3398 | (P) The internal do_trans routines were called with invalid operational |
be771a83 | 3399 | data. |
a0d0e21e | 3400 | |
b7f7fd0b NC |
3401 | =item panic: fold_constants JMPENV_PUSH returned %d |
3402 | ||
10203f38 | 3403 | (P) While attempting folding constants an exception other than an C<eval> |
b7f7fd0b NC |
3404 | failure was caught. |
3405 | ||
c635e13b | 3406 | =item panic: frexp |
3407 | ||
3408 | (P) The library function frexp() failed, making printf("%f") impossible. | |
3409 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
3410 | =item panic: goto |
3411 | ||
3412 | (P) We popped the context stack to a context with the specified label, | |
3413 | and then discovered it wasn't a context we know how to do a goto in. | |
3414 | ||
b0d55c99 FC |
3415 | =item panic: gp_free failed to free glob pointer |
3416 | ||
3417 | (P) The internal routine used to clear a typeglob's entries tried | |
3418 | repeatedly, but each time something re-created entries in the glob. Most | |
3419 | likely the glob contains an object with a reference back to the glob and a | |
3420 | destructor that adds a new object to the glob. | |
3421 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
3422 | =item panic: INTERPCASEMOD |
3423 | ||
3424 | (P) The lexer got into a bad state at a case modifier. | |
3425 | ||
3426 | =item panic: INTERPCONCAT | |
3427 | ||
3428 | (P) The lexer got into a bad state parsing a string with brackets. | |
3429 | ||
e446cec8 IZ |
3430 | =item panic: kid popen errno read |
3431 | ||
3432 | (F) forked child returned an incomprehensible message about its errno. | |
3433 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
3434 | =item panic: last |
3435 | ||
3436 | (P) We popped the context stack to a block context, and then discovered | |
3437 | it wasn't a block context. | |
3438 | ||
3439 | =item panic: leave_scope clearsv | |
3440 | ||
be771a83 GS |
3441 | (P) A writable lexical variable became read-only somehow within the |
3442 | scope. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
3443 | |
3444 | =item panic: leave_scope inconsistency | |
3445 | ||
3446 | (P) The savestack probably got out of sync. At least, there was an | |
3447 | invalid enum on the top of it. | |
3448 | ||
810b8aa5 GS |
3449 | =item panic: magic_killbackrefs |
3450 | ||
3451 | (P) Failed an internal consistency check while trying to reset all weak | |
3452 | references to an object. | |
3453 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
3454 | =item panic: malloc |
3455 | ||
3456 | (P) Something requested a negative number of bytes of malloc. | |
3457 | ||
27d5b266 JH |
3458 | =item panic: memory wrap |
3459 | ||
3460 | (P) Something tried to allocate more memory than possible. | |
3461 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
3462 | =item panic: pad_alloc |
3463 | ||
3464 | (P) The compiler got confused about which scratch pad it was allocating | |
3465 | and freeing temporaries and lexicals from. | |
3466 | ||
3467 | =item panic: pad_free curpad | |
3468 | ||
3469 | (P) The compiler got confused about which scratch pad it was allocating | |
3470 | and freeing temporaries and lexicals from. | |
3471 | ||
3472 | =item panic: pad_free po | |
3473 | ||
3474 | (P) An invalid scratch pad offset was detected internally. | |
3475 | ||
3476 | =item panic: pad_reset curpad | |
3477 | ||
3478 | (P) The compiler got confused about which scratch pad it was allocating | |
3479 | and freeing temporaries and lexicals from. | |
3480 | ||
3481 | =item panic: pad_sv po | |
3482 | ||
3483 | (P) An invalid scratch pad offset was detected internally. | |
3484 | ||
3485 | =item panic: pad_swipe curpad | |
3486 | ||
3487 | (P) The compiler got confused about which scratch pad it was allocating | |
3488 | and freeing temporaries and lexicals from. | |
3489 | ||
3490 | =item panic: pad_swipe po | |
3491 | ||
3492 | (P) An invalid scratch pad offset was detected internally. | |
3493 | ||
3494 | =item panic: pp_iter | |
3495 | ||
3496 | (P) The foreach iterator got called in a non-loop context frame. | |
3497 | ||
96ebfdd7 RK |
3498 | =item panic: pp_match%s |
3499 | ||
3500 | (P) The internal pp_match() routine was called with invalid operational | |
3501 | data. | |
3502 | ||
2269b42e JH |
3503 | =item panic: pp_split |
3504 | ||
3505 | (P) Something terrible went wrong in setting up for the split. | |
3506 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
3507 | =item panic: realloc |
3508 | ||
3509 | (P) Something requested a negative number of bytes of realloc. | |
3510 | ||
3511 | =item panic: restartop | |
3512 | ||
3513 | (P) Some internal routine requested a goto (or something like it), and | |
3514 | didn't supply the destination. | |
3515 | ||
3516 | =item panic: return | |
3517 | ||
3518 | (P) We popped the context stack to a subroutine or eval context, and | |
3519 | then discovered it wasn't a subroutine or eval context. | |
3520 | ||
3521 | =item panic: scan_num | |
3522 | ||
3523 | (P) scan_num() got called on something that wasn't a number. | |
3524 | ||
6c65d5f9 NC |
3525 | =item panic: sv_chop %s |
3526 | ||
3527 | (P) The sv_chop() routine was passed a position that is not within the | |
3528 | scalar's string buffer. | |
3529 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
3530 | =item panic: sv_insert |
3531 | ||
3532 | (P) The sv_insert() routine was told to remove more string than there | |
3533 | was string. | |
3534 | ||
3535 | =item panic: top_env | |
3536 | ||
6224f72b | 3537 | (P) The compiler attempted to do a goto, or something weird like that. |
a0d0e21e | 3538 | |
65bca31a NC |
3539 | =item panic: unimplemented op %s (#%d) called |
3540 | ||
a1efa96e FC |
3541 | (P) The compiler is screwed up and attempted to use an op that isn't |
3542 | permitted at run time. | |
65bca31a | 3543 | |
dea0fc0b JH |
3544 | =item panic: utf16_to_utf8: odd bytelen |
3545 | ||
3546 | (P) Something tried to call utf16_to_utf8 with an odd (as opposed | |
64977eb6 | 3547 | to even) byte length. |
dea0fc0b | 3548 | |
e0ea5e2d NC |
3549 | =item panic: utf16_to_utf8_reversed: odd bytelen |
3550 | ||
3551 | (P) Something tried to call utf16_to_utf8_reversed with an odd (as opposed | |
3552 | to even) byte length. | |
3553 | ||
2f7da168 RK |
3554 | =item panic: yylex |
3555 | ||
3556 | (P) The lexer got into a bad state while processing a case modifier. | |
3557 | ||
28ac2b49 Z |
3558 | =item Parsing code internal error (%s) |
3559 | ||
3560 | (F) Parsing code supplied by an extension violated the parser's API in | |
3561 | a detectable way. | |
3562 | ||
1a147d38 YO |
3563 | =item Pattern subroutine nesting without pos change exceeded limit in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
3564 | ||
3565 | (F) You used a pattern that uses too many nested subpattern calls without | |
3566 | consuming any text. Restructure the pattern so text is consumed before the | |
3567 | nesting limit is exceeded. | |
3568 | ||
3569 | The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the problem was | |
3570 | discovered. | |
3571 | ||
7b8d334a | 3572 | =item Parentheses missing around "%s" list |
a0d0e21e | 3573 | |
e476b1b5 | 3574 | (W parenthesis) You said something like |
a0d0e21e LW |
3575 | |
3576 | my $foo, $bar = @_; | |
3577 | ||
3578 | when you meant | |
3579 | ||
3580 | my ($foo, $bar) = @_; | |
3581 | ||
30c282f6 | 3582 | Remember that "my", "our", "local" and "state" bind tighter than comma. |
a0d0e21e | 3583 | |
96ebfdd7 RK |
3584 | =item C<-p> destination: %s |
3585 | ||
3586 | (F) An error occurred during the implicit output invoked by the C<-p> | |
3587 | command-line switch. (This output goes to STDOUT unless you've | |
3588 | redirected it with select().) | |
3589 | ||
3590 | =item (perhaps you forgot to load "%s"?) | |
3591 | ||
3592 | (F) This is an educated guess made in conjunction with the message | |
3593 | "Can't locate object method \"%s\" via package \"%s\"". It often means | |
3594 | that a method requires a package that has not been loaded. | |
3595 | ||
801eb083 | 3596 | =item Perl folding rules are not up-to-date for 0x%x; please use the perlbug utility to report |
d50a4f90 KW |
3597 | |
3598 | (W regex, deprecated) You used a regular expression with | |
3599 | case-insensitive matching, and there is a bug in Perl in which the | |
3600 | built-in regular expression folding rules are not accurate. This may | |
3601 | lead to incorrect results. Please report this as a bug using the | |
3602 | "perlbug" utility. (This message is marked deprecated, so that it by | |
3603 | default will be turned-on.) | |
3604 | ||
1109a392 MHM |
3605 | =item Perl_my_%s() not available |
3606 | ||
3607 | (F) Your platform has very uncommon byte-order and integer size, | |
3608 | so it was not possible to set up some or all fixed-width byte-order | |
3609 | conversion functions. This is only a problem when you're using the | |
3610 | '<' or '>' modifiers in (un)pack templates. See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
3611 | ||
6d3b25aa RGS |
3612 | =item Perl %s required--this is only version %s, stopped |
3613 | ||
3614 | (F) The module in question uses features of a version of Perl more | |
3615 | recent than the currently running version. How long has it been since | |
3616 | you upgraded, anyway? See L<perlfunc/require>. | |
3617 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
3618 | =item PERL_SH_DIR too long |
3619 | ||
3620 | (F) An error peculiar to OS/2. PERL_SH_DIR is the directory to find the | |
fecfaeb8 | 3621 | C<sh>-shell in. See "PERL_SH_DIR" in L<perlos2>. |
6df41af2 | 3622 | |
96ebfdd7 RK |
3623 | =item PERL_SIGNALS illegal: "%s" |
3624 | ||
3625 | See L<perlrun/PERL_SIGNALS> for legal values. | |
3626 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
3627 | =item perl: warning: Setting locale failed. |
3628 | ||
3629 | (S) The whole warning message will look something like: | |
3630 | ||
3631 | perl: warning: Setting locale failed. | |
3632 | perl: warning: Please check that your locale settings: | |
3633 | LC_ALL = "En_US", | |
3634 | LANG = (unset) | |
3635 | are supported and installed on your system. | |
3636 | perl: warning: Falling back to the standard locale ("C"). | |
3637 | ||
3638 | Exactly what were the failed locale settings varies. In the above the | |
3639 | settings were that the LC_ALL was "En_US" and the LANG had no value. | |
0ea6b70f JH |
3640 | This error means that Perl detected that you and/or your operating |
3641 | system supplier and/or system administrator have set up the so-called | |
3642 | locale system but Perl could not use those settings. This was not | |
3643 | dead serious, fortunately: there is a "default locale" called "C" that | |
4b07a369 FC |
3644 | Perl can and will use, and the script will be run. Before you really |
3645 | fix the problem, however, you will get the same error message each | |
3646 | time you run Perl. How to really fix the problem can be found in | |
0ea6b70f | 3647 | L<perllocale> section B<LOCALE PROBLEMS>. |
6df41af2 | 3648 | |
bd3fa61c | 3649 | =item pid %x not a child |
748a9306 | 3650 | |
be771a83 GS |
3651 | (W exec) A warning peculiar to VMS. Waitpid() was asked to wait for a |
3652 | process which isn't a subprocess of the current process. While this is | |
3653 | fine from VMS' perspective, it's probably not what you intended. | |
748a9306 | 3654 | |
49704364 | 3655 | =item 'P' must have an explicit size in unpack |
3bf38418 WL |
3656 | |
3657 | (F) The unpack format P must have an explicit size, not "*". | |
3658 | ||
96ebfdd7 RK |
3659 | =item POSIX class [:%s:] unknown in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
3660 | ||
3661 | (F) The class in the character class [: :] syntax is unknown. The <-- HERE | |
3662 | shows in the regular expression about where the problem was discovered. | |
3663 | Note that the POSIX character classes do B<not> have the C<is> prefix | |
3664 | the corresponding C interfaces have: in other words, it's C<[[:print:]]>, | |
3665 | not C<isprint>. See L<perlre>. | |
3666 | ||
3667 | =item POSIX getpgrp can't take an argument | |
3668 | ||
3669 | (F) Your system has POSIX getpgrp(), which takes no argument, unlike | |
3670 | the BSD version, which takes a pid. | |
3671 | ||
49704364 | 3672 | =item POSIX syntax [%s] belongs inside character classes in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
b45f050a | 3673 | |
9a0b3859 | 3674 | (W regexp) The character class constructs [: :], [= =], and [. .] go |
7253e4e3 RK |
3675 | I<inside> character classes, the [] are part of the construct, for example: |
3676 | /[012[:alpha:]345]/. Note that [= =] and [. .] are not currently | |
3677 | implemented; they are simply placeholders for future extensions and will | |
3678 | cause fatal errors. The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about | |
3679 | where the problem was discovered. See L<perlre>. | |
b45f050a | 3680 | |
49704364 | 3681 | =item POSIX syntax [. .] is reserved for future extensions in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
b45f050a JF |
3682 | |
3683 | (F regexp) Within regular expression character classes ([]) the syntax | |
7253e4e3 RK |
3684 | beginning with "[." and ending with ".]" is reserved for future extensions. |
3685 | If you need to represent those character sequences inside a regular | |
3686 | expression character class, just quote the square brackets with the | |
3687 | backslash: "\[." and ".\]". The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression | |
3688 | about where the problem was discovered. See L<perlre>. | |
b45f050a | 3689 | |
49704364 | 3690 | =item POSIX syntax [= =] is reserved for future extensions in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
b45f050a | 3691 | |
7253e4e3 RK |
3692 | (F) Within regular expression character classes ([]) the syntax beginning |
3693 | with "[=" and ending with "=]" is reserved for future extensions. If you | |
3694 | need to represent those character sequences inside a regular expression | |
3695 | character class, just quote the square brackets with the backslash: "\[=" | |
3696 | and "=\]". The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the | |
3697 | problem was discovered. See L<perlre>. | |
b45f050a | 3698 | |
bbce6d69 | 3699 | =item Possible attempt to put comments in qw() list |
3700 | ||
e476b1b5 | 3701 | (W qw) qw() lists contain items separated by whitespace; as with literal |
75b44862 | 3702 | strings, comment characters are not ignored, but are instead treated as |
be771a83 GS |
3703 | literal data. (You may have used different delimiters than the |
3704 | parentheses shown here; braces are also frequently used.) | |
bbce6d69 | 3705 | |
774d564b | 3706 | You probably wrote something like this: |
3707 | ||
54310121 | 3708 | @list = qw( |
774d564b | 3709 | a # a comment |
bbce6d69 | 3710 | b # another comment |
774d564b | 3711 | ); |
bbce6d69 | 3712 | |
3713 | when you should have written this: | |
3714 | ||
774d564b | 3715 | @list = qw( |
54310121 | 3716 | a |
3717 | b | |
774d564b | 3718 | ); |
3719 | ||
3720 | If you really want comments, build your list the | |
3721 | old-fashioned way, with quotes and commas: | |
3722 | ||
3723 | @list = ( | |
3724 | 'a', # a comment | |
3725 | 'b', # another comment | |
3726 | ); | |
bbce6d69 | 3727 | |
3728 | =item Possible attempt to separate words with commas | |
3729 | ||
be771a83 GS |
3730 | (W qw) qw() lists contain items separated by whitespace; therefore |
3731 | commas aren't needed to separate the items. (You may have used | |
3732 | different delimiters than the parentheses shown here; braces are also | |
3733 | frequently used.) | |
bbce6d69 | 3734 | |
54310121 | 3735 | You probably wrote something like this: |
bbce6d69 | 3736 | |
774d564b | 3737 | qw! a, b, c !; |
3738 | ||
3739 | which puts literal commas into some of the list items. Write it without | |
3740 | commas if you don't want them to appear in your data: | |
bbce6d69 | 3741 | |
774d564b | 3742 | qw! a b c !; |
bbce6d69 | 3743 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
3744 | =item Possible memory corruption: %s overflowed 3rd argument |
3745 | ||
3746 | (F) An ioctl() or fcntl() returned more than Perl was bargaining for. | |
3747 | Perl guesses a reasonable buffer size, but puts a sentinel byte at the | |
3748 | end of the buffer just in case. This sentinel byte got clobbered, and | |
3749 | Perl assumes that memory is now corrupted. See L<perlfunc/ioctl>. | |
3750 | ||
276b2a0c RGS |
3751 | =item Possible precedence problem on bitwise %c operator |
3752 | ||
3753 | (W precedence) Your program uses a bitwise logical operator in conjunction | |
3754 | with a numeric comparison operator, like this : | |
3755 | ||
3756 | if ($x & $y == 0) { ... } | |
3757 | ||
3758 | This expression is actually equivalent to C<$x & ($y == 0)>, due to the | |
3759 | higher precedence of C<==>. This is probably not what you want. (If you | |
96a925ab YST |
3760 | really meant to write this, disable the warning, or, better, put the |
3761 | parentheses explicitly and write C<$x & ($y == 0)>). | |
276b2a0c | 3762 | |
77772344 B |
3763 | =item Possible unintended interpolation of $\ in regex |
3764 | ||
3765 | (W ambiguous) You said something like C<m/$\/> in a regex. | |
3766 | The regex C<m/foo$\s+bar/m> translates to: match the word 'foo', the output | |
8ddb446c | 3767 | record separator (see L<perlvar/$\>) and the letter 's' (one time or more) |
77772344 B |
3768 | followed by the word 'bar'. |
3769 | ||
3770 | If this is what you intended then you can silence the warning by using | |
3771 | C<m/${\}/> (for example: C<m/foo${\}s+bar/>). | |
3772 | ||
3773 | If instead you intended to match the word 'foo' at the end of the line | |
3774 | followed by whitespace and the word 'bar' on the next line then you can use | |
3775 | C<m/$(?)\/> (for example: C<m/foo$(?)\s+bar/>). | |
3776 | ||
e5035638 FC |
3777 | =item Possible unintended interpolation of %s in string |
3778 | ||
3779 | (W ambiguous) You said something like `@foo' in a double-quoted string | |
3780 | but there was no array C<@foo> in scope at the time. If you wanted a | |
3781 | literal @foo, then write it as \@foo; otherwise find out what happened | |
3782 | to the array you apparently lost track of. | |
3783 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
3784 | =item Precedence problem: open %s should be open(%s) |
3785 | ||
e476b1b5 | 3786 | (S precedence) The old irregular construct |
cb1a09d0 | 3787 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
3788 | open FOO || die; |
3789 | ||
3790 | is now misinterpreted as | |
3791 | ||
3792 | open(FOO || die); | |
3793 | ||
be771a83 GS |
3794 | because of the strict regularization of Perl 5's grammar into unary and |
3795 | list operators. (The old open was a little of both.) You must put | |
3796 | parentheses around the filehandle, or use the new "or" operator instead | |
3797 | of "||". | |
a0d0e21e | 3798 | |
3cdd684c TP |
3799 | =item Premature end of script headers |
3800 | ||
3801 | See Server error. | |
3802 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
3803 | =item printf() on closed filehandle %s |
3804 | ||
be771a83 | 3805 | (W closed) The filehandle you're writing to got itself closed sometime |
c289d2f7 | 3806 | before now. Check your control flow. |
6df41af2 | 3807 | |
9a7dcd9c | 3808 | =item print() on closed filehandle %s |
a0d0e21e | 3809 | |
be771a83 | 3810 | (W closed) The filehandle you're printing on got itself closed sometime |
c289d2f7 | 3811 | before now. Check your control flow. |
a0d0e21e | 3812 | |
6df41af2 | 3813 | =item Process terminated by SIG%s |
a0d0e21e | 3814 | |
6df41af2 GS |
3815 | (W) This is a standard message issued by OS/2 applications, while *nix |
3816 | applications die in silence. It is considered a feature of the OS/2 | |
3817 | port. One can easily disable this by appropriate sighandlers, see | |
3818 | L<perlipc/"Signals">. See also "Process terminated by SIGTERM/SIGINT" | |
fecfaeb8 | 3819 | in L<perlos2>. |
a0d0e21e | 3820 | |
327323c1 RGS |
3821 | =item Prototype after '%c' for %s : %s |
3822 | ||
197afce1 | 3823 | (W illegalproto) A character follows % or @ in a prototype. This is useless, |
327323c1 RGS |
3824 | since % and @ gobble the rest of the subroutine arguments. |
3825 | ||
3fe9a6f1 | 3826 | =item Prototype mismatch: %s vs %s |
4633a7c4 | 3827 | |
9a0b3859 | 3828 | (S prototype) The subroutine being declared or defined had previously been |
be771a83 | 3829 | declared or defined with a different function prototype. |
4633a7c4 | 3830 | |
ed9aa3b7 SG |
3831 | =item Prototype not terminated |
3832 | ||
2a6fd447 | 3833 | (F) You've omitted the closing parenthesis in a function prototype |
ed9aa3b7 SG |
3834 | definition. |
3835 | ||
f9eb106c FC |
3836 | =item \p{} uses Unicode rules, not locale rules |
3837 | ||
3838 | (W) You compiled a regular expression that contained a Unicode property | |
3839 | match (C<\p> or C<\P>), but the regular expression is also being told to | |
3840 | use the run-time locale, not Unicode. Instead, use a POSIX character | |
3841 | class, which should know about the locale's rules. | |
3842 | (See L<perlrecharclass/POSIX Character Classes>.) | |
3843 | ||
3844 | Even if the run-time locale is ISO 8859-1 (Latin1), which is a subset of | |
3845 | Unicode, some properties will give results that are not valid for that | |
3846 | subset. | |
3847 | ||
3848 | Here are a couple of examples to help you see what's going on. If the | |
3849 | locale is ISO 8859-7, the character at code point 0xD7 is the "GREEK | |
3850 | CAPITAL LETTER CHI". But in Unicode that code point means the | |
3851 | "MULTIPLICATION SIGN" instead, and C<\p> always uses the Unicode | |
3852 | meaning. That means that C<\p{Alpha}> won't match, but C<[[:alpha:]]> | |
3853 | should. Only in the Latin1 locale are all the characters in the same | |
3854 | positions as they are in Unicode. But, even here, some properties give | |
3855 | incorrect results. An example is C<\p{Changes_When_Uppercased}> which | |
3856 | is true for "LATIN SMALL LETTER Y WITH DIAERESIS", but since the upper | |
3857 | case of that character is not in Latin1, in that locale it doesn't | |
3858 | change when upper cased. | |
3859 | ||
96ebfdd7 RK |
3860 | =item Quantifier follows nothing in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
3861 | ||
3862 | (F) You started a regular expression with a quantifier. Backslash it if you | |
3863 | meant it literally. The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about | |
3864 | where the problem was discovered. See L<perlre>. | |
3865 | ||
49704364 | 3866 | =item Quantifier in {,} bigger than %d in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
9baa0206 | 3867 | |
b45f050a | 3868 | (F) There is currently a limit to the size of the min and max values of the |
7253e4e3 | 3869 | {min,max} construct. The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where |
b45f050a | 3870 | the problem was discovered. See L<perlre>. |
9baa0206 | 3871 | |
49704364 | 3872 | =item Quantifier unexpected on zero-length expression; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
9baa0206 | 3873 | |
b45f050a JF |
3874 | (W regexp) You applied a regular expression quantifier in a place where |
3875 | it makes no sense, such as on a zero-width assertion. Try putting the | |
3876 | quantifier inside the assertion instead. For example, the way to match | |
3877 | "abc" provided that it is followed by three repetitions of "xyz" is | |
3878 | C</abc(?=(?:xyz){3})/>, not C</abc(?=xyz){3}/>. | |
9baa0206 | 3879 | |
7253e4e3 RK |
3880 | The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the problem was |
3881 | discovered. | |
3882 | ||
89ea2908 GA |
3883 | =item Range iterator outside integer range |
3884 | ||
3885 | (F) One (or both) of the numeric arguments to the range operator ".." | |
3886 | are outside the range which can be represented by integers internally. | |
be771a83 GS |
3887 | One possible workaround is to force Perl to use magical string increment |
3888 | by prepending "0" to your numbers. | |
89ea2908 | 3889 | |
3b7fbd4a SP |
3890 | =item readdir() attempted on invalid dirhandle %s |
3891 | ||
1a147d38 | 3892 | (W io) The dirhandle you're reading from is either closed or not really |
3b7fbd4a SP |
3893 | a dirhandle. Check your control flow. |
3894 | ||
96ebfdd7 RK |
3895 | =item readline() on closed filehandle %s |
3896 | ||
3897 | (W closed) The filehandle you're reading from got itself closed sometime | |
3898 | before now. Check your control flow. | |
3899 | ||
b5fe5ca2 SR |
3900 | =item read() on closed filehandle %s |
3901 | ||
3902 | (W closed) You tried to read from a closed filehandle. | |
3903 | ||
3904 | =item read() on unopened filehandle %s | |
3905 | ||
3906 | (W unopened) You tried to read from a filehandle that was never opened. | |
3907 | ||
de42a5a9 | 3908 | =item Reallocation too large: %x |
6df41af2 GS |
3909 | |
3910 | (F) You can't allocate more than 64K on an MS-DOS machine. | |
3911 | ||
4ad56ec9 IZ |
3912 | =item realloc() of freed memory ignored |
3913 | ||
be771a83 GS |
3914 | (S malloc) An internal routine called realloc() on something that had |
3915 | already been freed. | |
4ad56ec9 | 3916 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
3917 | =item Recompile perl with B<-D>DEBUGGING to use B<-D> switch |
3918 | ||
be771a83 GS |
3919 | (F debugging) You can't use the B<-D> option unless the code to produce |
3920 | the desired output is compiled into Perl, which entails some overhead, | |
a0d0e21e LW |
3921 | which is why it's currently left out of your copy. |
3922 | ||
3e0ccd42 | 3923 | =item Recursive inheritance detected in package '%s' |
a0d0e21e | 3924 | |
2c7d6b9c RGS |
3925 | (F) While calculating the method resolution order (MRO) of a package, Perl |
3926 | believes it found an infinite loop in the C<@ISA> hierarchy. This is a | |
3927 | crude check that bails out after 100 levels of C<@ISA> depth. | |
a0d0e21e | 3928 | |
12605ff9 FC |
3929 | =item refcnt_dec: fd %d%s |
3930 | ||
2e0cfa16 FC |
3931 | =item refcnt: fd %d%s |
3932 | ||
12605ff9 FC |
3933 | =item refcnt_inc: fd %d%s |
3934 | ||
2e0cfa16 FC |
3935 | (P) Perl's I/O implementation failed an internal consistency check. If |
3936 | you see this message, something is very wrong. | |
3937 | ||
1930e939 TP |
3938 | =item Reference found where even-sized list expected |
3939 | ||
be771a83 GS |
3940 | (W misc) You gave a single reference where Perl was expecting a list |
3941 | with an even number of elements (for assignment to a hash). This usually | |
3942 | means that you used the anon hash constructor when you meant to use | |
3943 | parens. In any case, a hash requires key/value B<pairs>. | |
7b8d334a GS |
3944 | |
3945 | %hash = { one => 1, two => 2, }; # WRONG | |
3946 | %hash = [ qw/ an anon array / ]; # WRONG | |
3947 | %hash = ( one => 1, two => 2, ); # right | |
3948 | %hash = qw( one 1 two 2 ); # also fine | |
3949 | ||
810b8aa5 GS |
3950 | =item Reference is already weak |
3951 | ||
e476b1b5 | 3952 | (W misc) You have attempted to weaken a reference that is already weak. |
810b8aa5 GS |
3953 | Doing so has no effect. |
3954 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
3955 | =item Reference miscount in sv_replace() |
3956 | ||
be771a83 | 3957 | (W internal) The internal sv_replace() function was handed a new SV with |
43ee0ea3 | 3958 | a reference count other than 1. |
a0d0e21e | 3959 | |
b72d83b2 RGS |
3960 | =item Reference to invalid group 0 |
3961 | ||
3962 | (F) You used C<\g0> or similar in a regular expression. You may refer to | |
3963 | capturing parentheses only with strictly positive integers (normal | |
353c6505 | 3964 | backreferences) or with strictly negative integers (relative |
43ee0ea3 | 3965 | backreferences). Using 0 does not make sense. |
b72d83b2 | 3966 | |
49704364 | 3967 | =item Reference to nonexistent group in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
b45f050a JF |
3968 | |
3969 | (F) You used something like C<\7> in your regular expression, but there are | |
bbaee129 FC |
3970 | not at least seven sets of capturing parentheses in the expression. If |
3971 | you wanted to have the character with ordinal 7 inserted into the regular | |
3972 | expression, prepend zeroes to make it three digits long: C<\007> | |
9baa0206 | 3973 | |
7253e4e3 | 3974 | The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the problem was |
b45f050a | 3975 | discovered. |
9baa0206 | 3976 | |
1a147d38 YO |
3977 | =item Reference to nonexistent named group in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
3978 | ||
3979 | (F) You used something like C<\k'NAME'> or C<< \k<NAME> >> in your regular | |
9381611c FC |
3980 | expression, but there is no corresponding named capturing parentheses |
3981 | such as C<(?'NAME'...)> or C<< (?<NAME>...) >>. Check if the name has been | |
3982 | spelled correctly both in the backreference and the declaration. | |
1a147d38 YO |
3983 | |
3984 | The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the problem was | |
3985 | discovered. | |
3986 | ||
bcb95744 | 3987 | =item Reference to nonexistent or unclosed group in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
1a147d38 | 3988 | |
bcb95744 FC |
3989 | (F) You used something like C<\g{-7}> in your regular expression, but there |
3990 | are not at least seven sets of closed capturing parentheses in the | |
3991 | expression before where the C<\g{-7}> was located. | |
1a147d38 YO |
3992 | |
3993 | The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the problem was | |
3994 | discovered. | |
3995 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
3996 | =item regexp memory corruption |
3997 | ||
3998 | (P) The regular expression engine got confused by what the regular | |
3999 | expression compiler gave it. | |
4000 | ||
ff3f26d2 KW |
4001 | =item Regexp modifier "/%c" may appear a maximum of twice |
4002 | ||
3955e1a9 KW |
4003 | =item Regexp modifier "/%c" may not appear twice |
4004 | ||
f6a766d5 | 4005 | (F syntax, regexp) The regular expression pattern had too many occurrences |
ff3f26d2 | 4006 | of the specified modifier. Remove the extraneous ones. |
3955e1a9 | 4007 | |
9442e3b8 KW |
4008 | =item Regexp modifier "%c" may not appear after the "-" |
4009 | ||
4010 | (F regexp) Turning off the given modifier has the side effect of turning | |
4011 | on another one. Perl currently doesn't allow this. Reword the regular | |
4012 | expression to use the modifier you want to turn on (and place it before | |
4013 | the minus), instead of the one you want to turn off. | |
4014 | ||
3955e1a9 KW |
4015 | =item Regexp modifiers "/%c" and "/%c" are mutually exclusive |
4016 | ||
f6a766d5 | 4017 | (F syntax, regexp) The regular expression pattern had more than one of these |
3955e1a9 KW |
4018 | mutually exclusive modifiers. Retain only the modifier that is |
4019 | supposed to be there. | |
4020 | ||
b45f050a | 4021 | =item Regexp out of space |
a0d0e21e | 4022 | |
be771a83 GS |
4023 | (P) A "can't happen" error, because safemalloc() should have caught it |
4024 | earlier. | |
a0d0e21e | 4025 | |
a1b95068 WL |
4026 | =item Repeated format line will never terminate (~~ and @# incompatible) |
4027 | ||
d7f8936a | 4028 | (F) Your format contains the ~~ repeat-until-blank sequence and a |
a1b95068 WL |
4029 | numeric field that will never go blank so that the repetition never |
4030 | terminates. You might use ^# instead. See L<perlform>. | |
4031 | ||
b08e453b RB |
4032 | =item Replacement list is longer than search list |
4033 | ||
4034 | (W misc) You have used a replacement list that is longer than the | |
4035 | search list. So the additional elements in the replacement list | |
4036 | are meaningless. | |
4037 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
4038 | =item Reversed %s= operator |
4039 | ||
be771a83 | 4040 | (W syntax) You wrote your assignment operator backwards. The = must |
964742a1 | 4041 | always come last, to avoid ambiguity with subsequent unary operators. |
a0d0e21e | 4042 | |
abc7ecad SP |
4043 | =item rewinddir() attempted on invalid dirhandle %s |
4044 | ||
4045 | (W io) The dirhandle you tried to do a rewinddir() on is either closed or not | |
4046 | really a dirhandle. Check your control flow. | |
4047 | ||
96ebfdd7 RK |
4048 | =item Scalars leaked: %d |
4049 | ||
4050 | (P) Something went wrong in Perl's internal bookkeeping of scalars: | |
4051 | not all scalar variables were deallocated by the time Perl exited. | |
4052 | What this usually indicates is a memory leak, which is of course bad, | |
4053 | especially if the Perl program is intended to be long-running. | |
4054 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
4055 | =item Scalar value @%s[%s] better written as $%s[%s] |
4056 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4057 | (W syntax) You've used an array slice (indicated by @) to select a |
4058 | single element of an array. Generally it's better to ask for a scalar | |
4059 | value (indicated by $). The difference is that C<$foo[&bar]> always | |
4060 | behaves like a scalar, both when assigning to it and when evaluating its | |
4061 | argument, while C<@foo[&bar]> behaves like a list when you assign to it, | |
4062 | and provides a list context to its subscript, which can do weird things | |
4063 | if you're expecting only one subscript. | |
a0d0e21e | 4064 | |
748a9306 | 4065 | On the other hand, if you were actually hoping to treat the array |
5f05dabc | 4066 | element as a list, you need to look into how references work, because |
748a9306 LW |
4067 | Perl will not magically convert between scalars and lists for you. See |
4068 | L<perlref>. | |
4069 | ||
a6006777 | 4070 | =item Scalar value @%s{%s} better written as $%s{%s} |
4071 | ||
75b44862 | 4072 | (W syntax) You've used a hash slice (indicated by @) to select a single |
be771a83 GS |
4073 | element of a hash. Generally it's better to ask for a scalar value |
4074 | (indicated by $). The difference is that C<$foo{&bar}> always behaves | |
4075 | like a scalar, both when assigning to it and when evaluating its | |
4076 | argument, while C<@foo{&bar}> behaves like a list when you assign to it, | |
4077 | and provides a list context to its subscript, which can do weird things | |
4078 | if you're expecting only one subscript. | |
4079 | ||
4080 | On the other hand, if you were actually hoping to treat the hash element | |
4081 | as a list, you need to look into how references work, because Perl will | |
4082 | not magically convert between scalars and lists for you. See | |
a6006777 | 4083 | L<perlref>. |
4084 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
4085 | =item Search pattern not terminated |
4086 | ||
4087 | (F) The lexer couldn't find the final delimiter of a // or m{} | |
4088 | construct. Remember that bracketing delimiters count nesting level. | |
fb73857a | 4089 | Missing the leading C<$> from a variable C<$m> may cause this error. |
a0d0e21e | 4090 | |
0cb1bcd7 | 4091 | Note that since Perl 5.9.0 a // can also be the I<defined-or> |
5d9c98cd JH |
4092 | construct, not just the empty search pattern. Therefore code written |
4093 | in Perl 5.9.0 or later that uses the // as the I<defined-or> can be | |
4094 | misparsed by pre-5.9.0 Perls as a non-terminated search pattern. | |
4095 | ||
25c09cbf SF |
4096 | =item Search pattern not terminated or ternary operator parsed as search pattern |
4097 | ||
4098 | (F) The lexer couldn't find the final delimiter of a C<?PATTERN?> | |
4099 | construct. | |
4100 | ||
4101 | The question mark is also used as part of the ternary operator (as in | |
4102 | C<foo ? 0 : 1>) leading to some ambiguous constructions being wrongly | |
4103 | parsed. One way to disambiguate the parsing is to put parentheses around | |
4104 | the conditional expression, i.e. C<(foo) ? 0 : 1>. | |
4105 | ||
abc7ecad SP |
4106 | =item seekdir() attempted on invalid dirhandle %s |
4107 | ||
4108 | (W io) The dirhandle you are doing a seekdir() on is either closed or not | |
4109 | really a dirhandle. Check your control flow. | |
4110 | ||
3257ea4f FC |
4111 | =item %sseek() on unopened filehandle |
4112 | ||
4113 | (W unopened) You tried to use the seek() or sysseek() function on a | |
4114 | filehandle that was either never opened or has since been closed. | |
4115 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
4116 | =item select not implemented |
4117 | ||
4118 | (F) This machine doesn't implement the select() system call. | |
4119 | ||
ae21d580 | 4120 | =item Self-ties of arrays and hashes are not supported |
68a4a7e4 | 4121 | |
ae21d580 JH |
4122 | (F) Self-ties are of arrays and hashes are not supported in |
4123 | the current implementation. | |
68a4a7e4 | 4124 | |
6df41af2 | 4125 | =item Semicolon seems to be missing |
a0d0e21e | 4126 | |
75b44862 GS |
4127 | (W semicolon) A nearby syntax error was probably caused by a missing |
4128 | semicolon, or possibly some other missing operator, such as a comma. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
4129 | |
4130 | =item semi-panic: attempt to dup freed string | |
4131 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4132 | (S internal) The internal newSVsv() routine was called to duplicate a |
4133 | scalar that had previously been marked as free. | |
a0d0e21e | 4134 | |
6df41af2 | 4135 | =item sem%s not implemented |
a0d0e21e | 4136 | |
6df41af2 | 4137 | (F) You don't have System V semaphore IPC on your system. |
a0d0e21e | 4138 | |
69282e91 | 4139 | =item send() on closed socket %s |
a0d0e21e | 4140 | |
be771a83 | 4141 | (W closed) The socket you're sending to got itself closed sometime |
c289d2f7 | 4142 | before now. Check your control flow. |
a0d0e21e | 4143 | |
7253e4e3 | 4144 | =item Sequence (? incomplete in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
7b8d334a | 4145 | |
7253e4e3 | 4146 | (F) A regular expression ended with an incomplete extension (?. The <-- HERE |
b45f050a | 4147 | shows in the regular expression about where the problem was discovered. See |
be771a83 | 4148 | L<perlre>. |
1b1626e4 | 4149 | |
49704364 | 4150 | =item Sequence (?%s...) not implemented in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
a0d0e21e | 4151 | |
b45f050a | 4152 | (F) A proposed regular expression extension has the character reserved but |
7253e4e3 | 4153 | has not yet been written. The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about |
b45f050a JF |
4154 | where the problem was discovered. See L<perlre>. |
4155 | ||
49704364 | 4156 | =item Sequence (?%s...) not recognized in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
a0d0e21e | 4157 | |
7253e4e3 RK |
4158 | (F) You used a regular expression extension that doesn't make sense. The |
4159 | <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the problem was | |
fb85c044 KW |
4160 | discovered. This happens when using the C<(?^...)> construct to tell |
4161 | Perl to use the default regular expression modifiers, and you | |
9442e3b8 | 4162 | redundantly specify a default modifier. For other |
9de15fec | 4163 | causes, see L<perlre>. |
a0d0e21e | 4164 | |
4a68bf9d | 4165 | =item Sequence \%s... not terminated in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
1f1031fe YO |
4166 | |
4167 | (F) The regular expression expects a mandatory argument following the escape | |
4168 | sequence and this has been omitted or incorrectly written. | |
4169 | ||
49704364 | 4170 | =item Sequence (?#... not terminated in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
6df41af2 GS |
4171 | |
4172 | (F) A regular expression comment must be terminated by a closing | |
7253e4e3 RK |
4173 | parenthesis. Embedded parentheses aren't allowed. The <-- HERE shows in |
4174 | the regular expression about where the problem was discovered. See | |
4175 | L<perlre>. | |
6df41af2 | 4176 | |
96ebfdd7 RK |
4177 | =item Sequence (?{...}) not terminated or not {}-balanced in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
4178 | ||
6c107eaa FC |
4179 | (F) If the contents of a (?{...}) clause contain braces, they must balance |
4180 | for Perl to detect the end of the clause properly. The <-- HERE shows in | |
96ebfdd7 RK |
4181 | the regular expression about where the problem was discovered. See |
4182 | L<perlre>. | |
4183 | ||
d7201950 | 4184 | =item Z<>500 Server error |
6df41af2 GS |
4185 | |
4186 | See Server error. | |
4187 | ||
a5f75d66 AD |
4188 | =item Server error |
4189 | ||
a4a4c9e2 | 4190 | (A) This is the error message generally seen in a browser window when trying |
be771a83 GS |
4191 | to run a CGI program (including SSI) over the web. The actual error text |
4192 | varies widely from server to server. The most frequently-seen variants | |
4193 | are "500 Server error", "Method (something) not permitted", "Document | |
4194 | contains no data", "Premature end of script headers", and "Did not | |
4195 | produce a valid header". | |
9607fc9c | 4196 | |
4197 | B<This is a CGI error, not a Perl error>. | |
4198 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4199 | You need to make sure your script is executable, is accessible by the |
4200 | user CGI is running the script under (which is probably not the user | |
4201 | account you tested it under), does not rely on any environment variables | |
4202 | (like PATH) from the user it isn't running under, and isn't in a | |
4203 | location where the CGI server can't find it, basically, more or less. | |
4204 | Please see the following for more information: | |
9607fc9c | 4205 | |
06a5f41f JH |
4206 | http://www.perl.org/CGI_MetaFAQ.html |
4207 | http://www.htmlhelp.org/faq/cgifaq.html | |
4208 | http://www.w3.org/Security/Faq/ | |
a5f75d66 | 4209 | |
be94a901 GS |
4210 | You should also look at L<perlfaq9>. |
4211 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
4212 | =item setegid() not implemented |
4213 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4214 | (F) You tried to assign to C<$)>, and your operating system doesn't |
4215 | support the setegid() system call (or equivalent), or at least Configure | |
4216 | didn't think so. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
4217 | |
4218 | =item seteuid() not implemented | |
4219 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4220 | (F) You tried to assign to C<< $> >>, and your operating system doesn't |
4221 | support the seteuid() system call (or equivalent), or at least Configure | |
4222 | didn't think so. | |
a0d0e21e | 4223 | |
81777298 GS |
4224 | =item setpgrp can't take arguments |
4225 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4226 | (F) Your system has the setpgrp() from BSD 4.2, which takes no |
4227 | arguments, unlike POSIX setpgid(), which takes a process ID and process | |
4228 | group ID. | |
81777298 | 4229 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
4230 | =item setrgid() not implemented |
4231 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4232 | (F) You tried to assign to C<$(>, and your operating system doesn't |
4233 | support the setrgid() system call (or equivalent), or at least Configure | |
4234 | didn't think so. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
4235 | |
4236 | =item setruid() not implemented | |
4237 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4238 | (F) You tried to assign to C<$<>, and your operating system doesn't |
4239 | support the setruid() system call (or equivalent), or at least Configure | |
4240 | didn't think so. | |
a0d0e21e | 4241 | |
6df41af2 GS |
4242 | =item setsockopt() on closed socket %s |
4243 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4244 | (W closed) You tried to set a socket option on a closed socket. Did you |
4245 | forget to check the return value of your socket() call? See | |
6df41af2 GS |
4246 | L<perlfunc/setsockopt>. |
4247 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
4248 | =item shm%s not implemented |
4249 | ||
4250 | (F) You don't have System V shared memory IPC on your system. | |
4251 | ||
984200d0 YST |
4252 | =item !=~ should be !~ |
4253 | ||
4254 | (W syntax) The non-matching operator is !~, not !=~. !=~ will be | |
4255 | interpreted as the != (numeric not equal) and ~ (1's complement) | |
4256 | operators: probably not what you intended. | |
4257 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
4258 | =item <> should be quotes |
4259 | ||
4260 | (F) You wrote C<< require <file> >> when you should have written | |
4261 | C<require 'file'>. | |
4262 | ||
4263 | =item /%s/ should probably be written as "%s" | |
4264 | ||
4265 | (W syntax) You have used a pattern where Perl expected to find a string, | |
be771a83 GS |
4266 | as in the first argument to C<join>. Perl will treat the true or false |
4267 | result of matching the pattern against $_ as the string, which is | |
4268 | probably not what you had in mind. | |
6df41af2 | 4269 | |
69282e91 | 4270 | =item shutdown() on closed socket %s |
a0d0e21e | 4271 | |
75b44862 GS |
4272 | (W closed) You tried to do a shutdown on a closed socket. Seems a bit |
4273 | superfluous. | |
a0d0e21e | 4274 | |
f86702cc | 4275 | =item SIG%s handler "%s" not defined |
a0d0e21e | 4276 | |
be771a83 GS |
4277 | (W signal) The signal handler named in %SIG doesn't, in fact, exist. |
4278 | Perhaps you put it into the wrong package? | |
a0d0e21e | 4279 | |
229c18ce RGS |
4280 | =item Smart matching a non-overloaded object breaks encapsulation |
4281 | ||
4282 | (F) You should not use the C<~~> operator on an object that does not | |
4283 | overload it: Perl refuses to use the object's underlying structure for | |
4284 | the smart match. | |
4285 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
4286 | =item sort is now a reserved word |
4287 | ||
4288 | (F) An ancient error message that almost nobody ever runs into anymore. | |
4289 | But before sort was a keyword, people sometimes used it as a filehandle. | |
4290 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
4291 | =item Sort subroutine didn't return single value |
4292 | ||
4293 | (F) A sort comparison subroutine may not return a list value with more | |
4294 | or less than one element. See L<perlfunc/sort>. | |
4295 | ||
8cbc2e3b JH |
4296 | =item splice() offset past end of array |
4297 | ||
4298 | (W misc) You attempted to specify an offset that was past the end of | |
4299 | the array passed to splice(). Splicing will instead commence at the end | |
4300 | of the array, rather than past it. If this isn't what you want, try | |
4301 | explicitly pre-extending the array by assigning $#array = $offset. See | |
4302 | L<perlfunc/splice>. | |
4303 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
4304 | =item Split loop |
4305 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4306 | (P) The split was looping infinitely. (Obviously, a split shouldn't |
4307 | iterate more times than there are characters of input, which is what | |
4308 | happened.) See L<perlfunc/split>. | |
a0d0e21e | 4309 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
4310 | =item Statement unlikely to be reached |
4311 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4312 | (W exec) You did an exec() with some statement after it other than a |
4313 | die(). This is almost always an error, because exec() never returns | |
4314 | unless there was a failure. You probably wanted to use system() | |
4315 | instead, which does return. To suppress this warning, put the exec() in | |
4316 | a block by itself. | |
a0d0e21e | 4317 | |
fd1b7234 FC |
4318 | =item "state" variable %s can't be in a package |
4319 | ||
4320 | (F) Lexically scoped variables aren't in a package, so it doesn't make | |
4321 | sense to try to declare one with a package qualifier on the front. Use | |
4322 | local() if you want to localize a package variable. | |
4323 | ||
9ddeeac9 | 4324 | =item stat() on unopened filehandle %s |
6df41af2 | 4325 | |
355b1299 JH |
4326 | (W unopened) You tried to use the stat() function on a filehandle that |
4327 | was either never opened or has since been closed. | |
6df41af2 | 4328 | |
fe13d51d | 4329 | =item Stub found while resolving method "%s" overloading "%s" in package "%s" |
e7ea3e70 | 4330 | |
be771a83 GS |
4331 | (P) Overloading resolution over @ISA tree may be broken by importation |
4332 | stubs. Stubs should never be implicitly created, but explicit calls to | |
4333 | C<can> may break this. | |
e7ea3e70 | 4334 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
4335 | =item Subroutine %s redefined |
4336 | ||
e476b1b5 | 4337 | (W redefine) You redefined a subroutine. To suppress this warning, say |
a0d0e21e LW |
4338 | |
4339 | { | |
271595cc | 4340 | no warnings 'redefine'; |
a0d0e21e LW |
4341 | eval "sub name { ... }"; |
4342 | } | |
4343 | ||
4344 | =item Substitution loop | |
4345 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4346 | (P) The substitution was looping infinitely. (Obviously, a substitution |
4347 | shouldn't iterate more times than there are characters of input, which | |
4348 | is what happened.) See the discussion of substitution in | |
5d44bfff | 4349 | L<perlop/"Regexp Quote-Like Operators">. |
a0d0e21e LW |
4350 | |
4351 | =item Substitution pattern not terminated | |
4352 | ||
d1be9408 | 4353 | (F) The lexer couldn't find the interior delimiter of an s/// or s{}{} |
a0d0e21e | 4354 | construct. Remember that bracketing delimiters count nesting level. |
fb73857a | 4355 | Missing the leading C<$> from variable C<$s> may cause this error. |
a0d0e21e LW |
4356 | |
4357 | =item Substitution replacement not terminated | |
4358 | ||
d1be9408 | 4359 | (F) The lexer couldn't find the final delimiter of an s/// or s{}{} |
a0d0e21e | 4360 | construct. Remember that bracketing delimiters count nesting level. |
fb73857a | 4361 | Missing the leading C<$> from variable C<$s> may cause this error. |
a0d0e21e LW |
4362 | |
4363 | =item substr outside of string | |
4364 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4365 | (W substr),(F) You tried to reference a substr() that pointed outside of |
4366 | a string. That is, the absolute value of the offset was larger than the | |
4367 | length of the string. See L<perlfunc/substr>. This warning is fatal if | |
4368 | substr is used in an lvalue context (as the left hand side of an | |
4369 | assignment or as a subroutine argument for example). | |
a0d0e21e | 4370 | |
bf1320bf RGS |
4371 | =item sv_upgrade from type %d down to type %d |
4372 | ||
9d277376 | 4373 | (P) Perl tried to force the upgrade of an SV to a type which was actually |
bf1320bf RGS |
4374 | inferior to its current type. |
4375 | ||
49704364 | 4376 | =item Switch (?(condition)... contains too many branches in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
b45f050a JF |
4377 | |
4378 | (F) A (?(condition)if-clause|else-clause) construct can have at most two | |
4379 | branches (the if-clause and the else-clause). If you want one or both to | |
4380 | contain alternation, such as using C<this|that|other>, enclose it in | |
4381 | clustering parentheses: | |
4382 | ||
4383 | (?(condition)(?:this|that|other)|else-clause) | |
4384 | ||
7253e4e3 | 4385 | The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the problem was |
b45f050a JF |
4386 | discovered. See L<perlre>. |
4387 | ||
49704364 | 4388 | =item Switch condition not recognized in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
b45f050a | 4389 | |
39ef1de7 FC |
4390 | (F) If the argument to the (?(...)if-clause|else-clause) construct is |
4391 | a number, it can be only a number. The <-- HERE shows in the regular | |
4392 | expression about where the problem was discovered. See L<perlre>. | |
b45f050a | 4393 | |
85ab1d1d JH |
4394 | =item switching effective %s is not implemented |
4395 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4396 | (F) While under the C<use filetest> pragma, we cannot switch the real |
4397 | and effective uids or gids. | |
85ab1d1d | 4398 | |
ae7df085 | 4399 | =item %s syntax OK |
2f7da168 RK |
4400 | |
4401 | (F) The final summary message when a C<perl -c> succeeds. | |
4402 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
4403 | =item syntax error |
4404 | ||
4405 | (F) Probably means you had a syntax error. Common reasons include: | |
4406 | ||
4407 | A keyword is misspelled. | |
4408 | A semicolon is missing. | |
4409 | A comma is missing. | |
4410 | An opening or closing parenthesis is missing. | |
4411 | An opening or closing brace is missing. | |
4412 | A closing quote is missing. | |
4413 | ||
4414 | Often there will be another error message associated with the syntax | |
4415 | error giving more information. (Sometimes it helps to turn on B<-w>.) | |
4416 | The error message itself often tells you where it was in the line when | |
4417 | it decided to give up. Sometimes the actual error is several tokens | |
5f05dabc | 4418 | before this, because Perl is good at understanding random input. |
a0d0e21e LW |
4419 | Occasionally the line number may be misleading, and once in a blue moon |
4420 | the only way to figure out what's triggering the error is to call | |
4421 | C<perl -c> repeatedly, chopping away half the program each time to see | |
be771a83 GS |
4422 | if the error went away. Sort of the cybernetic version of S<20 |
4423 | questions>. | |
a0d0e21e | 4424 | |
cb1a09d0 AD |
4425 | =item syntax error at line %d: `%s' unexpected |
4426 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4427 | (A) You've accidentally run your script through the Bourne shell instead |
4428 | of Perl. Check the #! line, or manually feed your script into Perl | |
4429 | yourself. | |
cb1a09d0 | 4430 | |
25f58aea PN |
4431 | =item syntax error in file %s at line %d, next 2 tokens "%s" |
4432 | ||
4433 | (F) This error is likely to occur if you run a perl5 script through | |
4434 | a perl4 interpreter, especially if the next 2 tokens are "use strict" | |
4435 | or "my $var" or "our $var". | |
4436 | ||
b5fe5ca2 SR |
4437 | =item sysread() on closed filehandle %s |
4438 | ||
4439 | (W closed) You tried to read from a closed filehandle. | |
4440 | ||
4441 | =item sysread() on unopened filehandle %s | |
4442 | ||
4443 | (W unopened) You tried to read from a filehandle that was never opened. | |
4444 | ||
6087ac44 | 4445 | =item System V %s is not implemented on this machine |
a0d0e21e | 4446 | |
6087ac44 JH |
4447 | (F) You tried to do something with a function beginning with "sem", |
4448 | "shm", or "msg" but that System V IPC is not implemented in your | |
4449 | machine. In some machines the functionality can exist but be | |
4450 | unconfigured. Consult your system support. | |
a0d0e21e | 4451 | |
69282e91 | 4452 | =item syswrite() on closed filehandle %s |
a0d0e21e | 4453 | |
be771a83 | 4454 | (W closed) The filehandle you're writing to got itself closed sometime |
c289d2f7 | 4455 | before now. Check your control flow. |
a0d0e21e | 4456 | |
96ebfdd7 RK |
4457 | =item C<-T> and C<-B> not implemented on filehandles |
4458 | ||
4459 | (F) Perl can't peek at the stdio buffer of filehandles when it doesn't | |
4460 | know about your kind of stdio. You'll have to use a filename instead. | |
4461 | ||
fc36a67e | 4462 | =item Target of goto is too deeply nested |
4463 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4464 | (F) You tried to use C<goto> to reach a label that was too deeply nested |
4465 | for Perl to reach. Perl is doing you a favor by refusing. | |
fc36a67e | 4466 | |
abc7ecad SP |
4467 | =item telldir() attempted on invalid dirhandle %s |
4468 | ||
4469 | (W io) The dirhandle you tried to telldir() is either closed or not really | |
4470 | a dirhandle. Check your control flow. | |
4471 | ||
c2771421 FC |
4472 | =item tell() on unopened filehandle |
4473 | ||
4474 | (W unopened) You tried to use the tell() function on a filehandle that | |
4475 | was either never opened or has since been closed. | |
4476 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
4477 | =item That use of $[ is unsupported |
4478 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4479 | (F) Assignment to C<$[> is now strictly circumscribed, and interpreted |
4480 | as a compiler directive. You may say only one of | |
a0d0e21e LW |
4481 | |
4482 | $[ = 0; | |
4483 | $[ = 1; | |
4484 | ... | |
4485 | local $[ = 0; | |
4486 | local $[ = 1; | |
4487 | ... | |
4488 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4489 | This is to prevent the problem of one module changing the array base out |
4490 | from under another module inadvertently. See L<perlvar/$[>. | |
a0d0e21e | 4491 | |
f86702cc | 4492 | =item The crypt() function is unimplemented due to excessive paranoia |
a0d0e21e LW |
4493 | |
4494 | (F) Configure couldn't find the crypt() function on your machine, | |
4495 | probably because your vendor didn't supply it, probably because they | |
8b1a09fc | 4496 | think the U.S. Government thinks it's a secret, or at least that they |
a0d0e21e LW |
4497 | will continue to pretend that it is. And if you quote me on that, I |
4498 | will deny it. | |
4499 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
4500 | =item The %s function is unimplemented |
4501 | ||
a4a4c9e2 | 4502 | (F) The function indicated isn't implemented on this architecture, according |
6df41af2 GS |
4503 | to the probings of Configure. |
4504 | ||
5e1c7ca2 | 4505 | =item The stat preceding %s wasn't an lstat |
a0d0e21e | 4506 | |
be771a83 GS |
4507 | (F) It makes no sense to test the current stat buffer for symbolic |
4508 | linkhood if the last stat that wrote to the stat buffer already went | |
4509 | past the symlink to get to the real file. Use an actual filename | |
4510 | instead. | |
a0d0e21e | 4511 | |
371fce9b DM |
4512 | =item The 'unique' attribute may only be applied to 'our' variables |
4513 | ||
1108974d | 4514 | (F) This attribute was never supported on C<my> or C<sub> declarations. |
371fce9b | 4515 | |
437784d6 | 4516 | =item This Perl can't reset CRTL environ elements (%s) |
f675dbe5 CB |
4517 | |
4518 | =item This Perl can't set CRTL environ elements (%s=%s) | |
4519 | ||
75b44862 | 4520 | (W internal) Warnings peculiar to VMS. You tried to change or delete an |
be771a83 GS |
4521 | element of the CRTL's internal environ array, but your copy of Perl |
4522 | wasn't built with a CRTL that contained the setenv() function. You'll | |
4523 | need to rebuild Perl with a CRTL that does, or redefine | |
4524 | F<PERL_ENV_TABLES> (see L<perlvms>) so that the environ array isn't the | |
4525 | target of the change to | |
f675dbe5 CB |
4526 | %ENV which produced the warning. |
4527 | ||
6b3c7930 JH |
4528 | =item thread failed to start: %s |
4529 | ||
4447dfc1 | 4530 | (W threads)(S) The entry point function of threads->create() failed for some reason. |
6b3c7930 | 4531 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
4532 | =item times not implemented |
4533 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4534 | (F) Your version of the C library apparently doesn't do times(). I |
4535 | suspect you're not running on Unix. | |
a0d0e21e | 4536 | |
6d3b25aa RGS |
4537 | =item "-T" is on the #! line, it must also be used on the command line |
4538 | ||
4539 | (X) The #! line (or local equivalent) in a Perl script contains the | |
fe13d51d | 4540 | B<-T> option (or the B<-t> option), but Perl was not invoked with B<-T> in its command line. |
6d3b25aa RGS |
4541 | This is an error because, by the time Perl discovers a B<-T> in a |
4542 | script, it's too late to properly taint everything from the environment. | |
4543 | So Perl gives up. | |
4544 | ||
4545 | If the Perl script is being executed as a command using the #! | |
4546 | mechanism (or its local equivalent), this error can usually be fixed by | |
fe13d51d JM |
4547 | editing the #! line so that the B<-%c> option is a part of Perl's first |
4548 | argument: e.g. change C<perl -n -%c> to C<perl -%c -n>. | |
6d3b25aa RGS |
4549 | |
4550 | If the Perl script is being executed as C<perl scriptname>, then the | |
fe13d51d | 4551 | B<-%c> option must appear on the command line: C<perl -%c scriptname>. |
6d3b25aa | 4552 | |
3a2263fe RGS |
4553 | =item To%s: illegal mapping '%s' |
4554 | ||
4555 | (F) You tried to define a customized To-mapping for lc(), lcfirst, | |
4556 | uc(), or ucfirst() (or their string-inlined versions), but you | |
4557 | specified an illegal mapping. | |
4558 | See L<perlunicode/"User-Defined Character Properties">. | |
4559 | ||
49704364 WL |
4560 | =item Too deeply nested ()-groups |
4561 | ||
1a147d38 | 4562 | (F) Your template contains ()-groups with a ridiculously deep nesting level. |
49704364 | 4563 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
4564 | =item Too few args to syscall |
4565 | ||
4566 | (F) There has to be at least one argument to syscall() to specify the | |
4567 | system call to call, silly dilly. | |
4568 | ||
96ebfdd7 RK |
4569 | =item Too late for "-%s" option |
4570 | ||
4571 | (X) The #! line (or local equivalent) in a Perl script contains the | |
4ba71d51 FC |
4572 | B<-M>, B<-m> or B<-C> option. |
4573 | ||
4574 | In the case of B<-M> and B<-m>, this is an error because those options are | |
4575 | not intended for use inside scripts. Use the C<use> pragma instead. | |
4576 | ||
4577 | The B<-C> option only works if it is specified on the command line as well | |
4578 | (with the same sequence of letters or numbers following). Either specify | |
4579 | this option on the command line, or, if your system supports it, make your | |
4580 | script executable and run it directly instead of passing it to perl. | |
96ebfdd7 | 4581 | |
ddda08b7 GS |
4582 | =item Too late to run %s block |
4583 | ||
4584 | (W void) A CHECK or INIT block is being defined during run time proper, | |
4585 | when the opportunity to run them has already passed. Perhaps you are | |
be771a83 GS |
4586 | loading a file with C<require> or C<do> when you should be using C<use> |
4587 | instead. Or perhaps you should put the C<require> or C<do> inside a | |
4588 | BEGIN block. | |
ddda08b7 | 4589 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
4590 | =item Too many args to syscall |
4591 | ||
5f05dabc | 4592 | (F) Perl supports a maximum of only 14 args to syscall(). |
a0d0e21e LW |
4593 | |
4594 | =item Too many arguments for %s | |
4595 | ||
4596 | (F) The function requires fewer arguments than you specified. | |
4597 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
4598 | =item Too many )'s |
4599 | ||
49704364 WL |
4600 | (A) You've accidentally run your script through B<csh> instead of Perl. |
4601 | Check the #! line, or manually feed your script into Perl yourself. | |
4602 | ||
8c40cb74 NC |
4603 | =item Too many ('s |
4604 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4605 | (A) You've accidentally run your script through B<csh> instead of Perl. |
4606 | Check the #! line, or manually feed your script into Perl yourself. | |
6df41af2 | 4607 | |
7253e4e3 | 4608 | =item Trailing \ in regex m/%s/ |
a0d0e21e | 4609 | |
be771a83 GS |
4610 | (F) The regular expression ends with an unbackslashed backslash. |
4611 | Backslash it. See L<perlre>. | |
a0d0e21e | 4612 | |
2c268ad5 | 4613 | =item Transliteration pattern not terminated |
a0d0e21e LW |
4614 | |
4615 | (F) The lexer couldn't find the interior delimiter of a tr/// or tr[][] | |
fb73857a | 4616 | or y/// or y[][] construct. Missing the leading C<$> from variables |
4617 | C<$tr> or C<$y> may cause this error. | |
a0d0e21e | 4618 | |
2c268ad5 | 4619 | =item Transliteration replacement not terminated |
a0d0e21e | 4620 | |
6a36df5d YST |
4621 | (F) The lexer couldn't find the final delimiter of a tr///, tr[][], |
4622 | y/// or y[][] construct. | |
a0d0e21e | 4623 | |
96ebfdd7 RK |
4624 | =item '%s' trapped by operation mask |
4625 | ||
4626 | (F) You tried to use an operator from a Safe compartment in which it's | |
4627 | disallowed. See L<Safe>. | |
4628 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
4629 | =item truncate not implemented |
4630 | ||
4631 | (F) Your machine doesn't implement a file truncation mechanism that | |
4632 | Configure knows about. | |
4633 | ||
4634 | =item Type of arg %d to %s must be %s (not %s) | |
4635 | ||
4636 | (F) This function requires the argument in that position to be of a | |
8b1a09fc | 4637 | certain type. Arrays must be @NAME or C<@{EXPR}>. Hashes must be |
4638 | %NAME or C<%{EXPR}>. No implicit dereferencing is allowed--use the | |
a0d0e21e LW |
4639 | {EXPR} forms as an explicit dereference. See L<perlref>. |
4640 | ||
7ac5715b | 4641 | =item Type of argument to %s must be unblessed hashref or arrayref |
cba5a3b0 | 4642 | |
7ac5715b FC |
4643 | (F) You called C<keys>, C<values> or C<each> with a scalar argument that |
4644 | was not a reference to an unblessed hash or array. | |
cba5a3b0 | 4645 | |
eec2d3df GS |
4646 | =item umask not implemented |
4647 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4648 | (F) Your machine doesn't implement the umask function and you tried to |
4649 | use it to restrict permissions for yourself (EXPR & 0700). | |
a0d0e21e | 4650 | |
4633a7c4 LW |
4651 | =item Unable to create sub named "%s" |
4652 | ||
4653 | (F) You attempted to create or access a subroutine with an illegal name. | |
4654 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
4655 | =item Unbalanced context: %d more PUSHes than POPs |
4656 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4657 | (W internal) The exit code detected an internal inconsistency in how |
4658 | many execution contexts were entered and left. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
4659 | |
4660 | =item Unbalanced saves: %d more saves than restores | |
4661 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4662 | (W internal) The exit code detected an internal inconsistency in how |
4663 | many values were temporarily localized. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
4664 | |
4665 | =item Unbalanced scopes: %d more ENTERs than LEAVEs | |
4666 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4667 | (W internal) The exit code detected an internal inconsistency in how |
4668 | many blocks were entered and left. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
4669 | |
4670 | =item Unbalanced tmps: %d more allocs than frees | |
4671 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4672 | (W internal) The exit code detected an internal inconsistency in how |
4673 | many mortal scalars were allocated and freed. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
4674 | |
4675 | =item Undefined format "%s" called | |
4676 | ||
4677 | (F) The format indicated doesn't seem to exist. Perhaps it's really in | |
4678 | another package? See L<perlform>. | |
4679 | ||
4680 | =item Undefined sort subroutine "%s" called | |
4681 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4682 | (F) The sort comparison routine specified doesn't seem to exist. |
4683 | Perhaps it's in a different package? See L<perlfunc/sort>. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
4684 | |
4685 | =item Undefined subroutine &%s called | |
4686 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4687 | (F) The subroutine indicated hasn't been defined, or if it was, it has |
4688 | since been undefined. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
4689 | |
4690 | =item Undefined subroutine called | |
4691 | ||
4692 | (F) The anonymous subroutine you're trying to call hasn't been defined, | |
4693 | or if it was, it has since been undefined. | |
4694 | ||
4695 | =item Undefined subroutine in sort | |
4696 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4697 | (F) The sort comparison routine specified is declared but doesn't seem |
4698 | to have been defined yet. See L<perlfunc/sort>. | |
a0d0e21e | 4699 | |
4633a7c4 LW |
4700 | =item Undefined top format "%s" called |
4701 | ||
4702 | (F) The format indicated doesn't seem to exist. Perhaps it's really in | |
4703 | another package? See L<perlform>. | |
4704 | ||
20408e3c GS |
4705 | =item Undefined value assigned to typeglob |
4706 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4707 | (W misc) An undefined value was assigned to a typeglob, a la |
4708 | C<*foo = undef>. This does nothing. It's possible that you really mean | |
4709 | C<undef *foo>. | |
20408e3c | 4710 | |
6df41af2 GS |
4711 | =item %s: Undefined variable |
4712 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4713 | (A) You've accidentally run your script through B<csh> instead of Perl. |
4714 | Check the #! line, or manually feed your script into Perl yourself. | |
6df41af2 | 4715 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
4716 | =item unexec of %s into %s failed! |
4717 | ||
4718 | (F) The unexec() routine failed for some reason. See your local FSF | |
4719 | representative, who probably put it there in the first place. | |
4720 | ||
0876b9a0 KW |
4721 | =item Unicode non-character U+%X is illegal for open interchange |
4722 | ||
8457b38f KW |
4723 | (W utf8, nonchar) Certain codepoints, such as U+FFFE and U+FFFF, are |
4724 | defined by the | |
6f6ac1de RGS |
4725 | Unicode standard to be non-characters. Those are legal codepoints, but are |
4726 | reserved for internal use; so, applications shouldn't attempt to exchange | |
9ae3ac1a | 4727 | them. If you know what you are doing you can turn |
8457b38f | 4728 | off this warning by C<no warnings 'nonchar';>. |
b45f050a | 4729 | |
c794c51b FC |
4730 | =item Unicode surrogate U+%X is illegal in UTF-8 |
4731 | ||
8457b38f | 4732 | (W utf8, surrogate) You had a UTF-16 surrogate in a context where they are |
c794c51b FC |
4733 | not considered acceptable. These code points, between U+D800 and |
4734 | U+DFFF (inclusive), are used by Unicode only for UTF-16. However, Perl | |
4735 | internally allows all unsigned integer code points (up to the size limit | |
4736 | available on your platform), including surrogates. But these can cause | |
4737 | problems when being input or output, which is likely where this message | |
4738 | came from. If you really really know what you are doing you can turn | |
8457b38f | 4739 | off this warning by C<no warnings 'surrogate';>. |
c794c51b | 4740 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
4741 | =item Unknown BYTEORDER |
4742 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4743 | (F) There are no byte-swapping functions for a machine with this byte |
4744 | order. | |
a0d0e21e | 4745 | |
6170680b IZ |
4746 | =item Unknown open() mode '%s' |
4747 | ||
437784d6 | 4748 | (F) The second argument of 3-argument open() is not among the list |
c47ff5f1 | 4749 | of valid modes: C<< < >>, C<< > >>, C<<< >> >>>, C<< +< >>, |
488dad83 | 4750 | C<< +> >>, C<<< +>> >>>, C<-|>, C<|->, C<< <& >>, C<< >& >>. |
6170680b | 4751 | |
b4581f09 JH |
4752 | =item Unknown PerlIO layer "%s" |
4753 | ||
4754 | (W layer) An attempt was made to push an unknown layer onto the Perl I/O | |
4755 | system. (Layers take care of transforming data between external and | |
4756 | internal representations.) Note that some layers, such as C<mmap>, | |
4757 | are not supported in all environments. If your program didn't | |
4758 | explicitly request the failing operation, it may be the result of the | |
4759 | value of the environment variable PERLIO. | |
4760 | ||
f675dbe5 CB |
4761 | =item Unknown process %x sent message to prime_env_iter: %s |
4762 | ||
4763 | (P) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl was reading values for %ENV before | |
4764 | iterating over it, and someone else stuck a message in the stream of | |
4765 | data Perl expected. Someone's very confused, or perhaps trying to | |
4766 | subvert Perl's population of %ENV for nefarious purposes. | |
a05d7ebb | 4767 | |
2f7da168 RK |
4768 | =item Unknown "re" subpragma '%s' (known ones are: %s) |
4769 | ||
a4a4c9e2 | 4770 | (W) You tried to use an unknown subpragma of the "re" pragma. |
2f7da168 | 4771 | |
bcd05b94 | 4772 | =item Unknown switch condition (?(%s in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
96ebfdd7 RK |
4773 | |
4774 | (F) The condition part of a (?(condition)if-clause|else-clause) construct | |
5fecf430 FC |
4775 | is not known. The condition must be one of the following: |
4776 | ||
4777 | (1) (2) ... true if 1st, 2nd, etc., capture matched | |
4778 | (<NAME>) ('NAME') true if named capture matched | |
4779 | (?=...) (?<=...) true if subpattern matches | |
4780 | (?!...) (?<!...) true if subpattern fails to match | |
4781 | (?{ CODE }) true if code returns a true value | |
4782 | (R) true if evaluating inside recursion | |
4783 | (R1) (R2) ... true if directly inside capture group 1, 2, etc. | |
4784 | (R&NAME) true if directly inside named capture | |
4785 | (DEFINE) always false; for defining named subpatterns | |
96ebfdd7 RK |
4786 | |
4787 | The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the problem was | |
4788 | discovered. See L<perlre>. | |
4789 | ||
a05d7ebb JH |
4790 | =item Unknown Unicode option letter '%c' |
4791 | ||
a4a4c9e2 | 4792 | (F) You specified an unknown Unicode option. See L<perlrun> documentation |
a05d7ebb JH |
4793 | of the C<-C> switch for the list of known options. |
4794 | ||
4795 | =item Unknown Unicode option value %x | |
4796 | ||
a4a4c9e2 | 4797 | (F) You specified an unknown Unicode option. See L<perlrun> documentation |
a05d7ebb | 4798 | of the C<-C> switch for the list of known options. |
f675dbe5 | 4799 | |
e2e6a0f1 YO |
4800 | =item Unknown verb pattern '%s' in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
4801 | ||
4802 | (F) You either made a typo or have incorrectly put a C<*> quantifier | |
4803 | after an open brace in your pattern. Check the pattern and review | |
4804 | L<perlre> for details on legal verb patterns. | |
4805 | ||
c2771421 FC |
4806 | =item Unknown warnings category '%s' |
4807 | ||
4808 | (F) An error issued by the C<warnings> pragma. You specified a warnings | |
4809 | category that is unknown to perl at this point. | |
4810 | ||
14ef4c80 FC |
4811 | Note that if you want to enable a warnings category registered by a |
4812 | module (e.g. C<use warnings 'File::Find'>), you must have loaded this | |
4813 | module first. | |
c2771421 | 4814 | |
7253e4e3 | 4815 | =item unmatched [ in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
6df41af2 | 4816 | |
380a0633 | 4817 | (F) The brackets around a character class must match. If you wish to |
be771a83 | 4818 | include a closing bracket in a character class, backslash it or put it |
7253e4e3 RK |
4819 | first. The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the problem |
4820 | was discovered. See L<perlre>. | |
6df41af2 | 4821 | |
7253e4e3 | 4822 | =item unmatched ( in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
a0d0e21e LW |
4823 | |
4824 | (F) Unbackslashed parentheses must always be balanced in regular | |
7253e4e3 RK |
4825 | expressions. If you're a vi user, the % key is valuable for finding the |
4826 | matching parenthesis. The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about | |
4827 | where the problem was discovered. See L<perlre>. | |
a0d0e21e | 4828 | |
d98d5fff | 4829 | =item Unmatched right %s bracket |
a0d0e21e | 4830 | |
be771a83 GS |
4831 | (F) The lexer counted more closing curly or square brackets than opening |
4832 | ones, so you're probably missing a matching opening bracket. As a | |
4833 | general rule, you'll find the missing one (so to speak) near the place | |
4834 | you were last editing. | |
a0d0e21e | 4835 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
4836 | =item Unquoted string "%s" may clash with future reserved word |
4837 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4838 | (W reserved) You used a bareword that might someday be claimed as a |
4839 | reserved word. It's best to put such a word in quotes, or capitalize it | |
4840 | somehow, or insert an underbar into it. You might also declare it as a | |
4841 | subroutine. | |
a0d0e21e | 4842 | |
b1fc3636 | 4843 | =item Unrecognized character %s; marked by <-- HERE after %s near column %d |
a0d0e21e | 4844 | |
54310121 | 4845 | (F) The Perl parser has no idea what to do with the specified character |
b1fc3636 | 4846 | in your Perl script (or eval) near the specified column. Perhaps you tried |
356c7adf | 4847 | to run a compressed script, a binary program, or a directory as a Perl program. |
a0d0e21e | 4848 | |
4a68bf9d | 4849 | =item Unrecognized escape \%c in character class passed through in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
6df41af2 | 4850 | |
be771a83 GS |
4851 | (W regexp) You used a backslash-character combination which is not |
4852 | recognized by Perl inside character classes. The character was | |
b224edc1 | 4853 | understood literally, but this may change in a future version of Perl. |
2628b4e0 TS |
4854 | The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the |
4855 | escape was discovered. | |
6df41af2 | 4856 | |
4a68bf9d | 4857 | =item Unrecognized escape \%c passed through |
2f7da168 | 4858 | |
2628b4e0 | 4859 | (W misc) You used a backslash-character combination which is not |
b224edc1 KW |
4860 | recognized by Perl. The character was understood literally, but this may |
4861 | change in a future version of Perl. | |
2f7da168 | 4862 | |
216bfc0a | 4863 | =item Unrecognized escape \%s passed through in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
6df41af2 | 4864 | |
be771a83 | 4865 | (W regexp) You used a backslash-character combination which is not |
216bfc0a | 4866 | recognized by Perl. The character(s) were understood literally, but this may |
b224edc1 | 4867 | change in a future version of Perl. |
2628b4e0 | 4868 | The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the |
7253e4e3 | 4869 | escape was discovered. |
6df41af2 | 4870 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
4871 | =item Unrecognized signal name "%s" |
4872 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4873 | (F) You specified a signal name to the kill() function that was not |
4874 | recognized. Say C<kill -l> in your shell to see the valid signal names | |
4875 | on your system. | |
a0d0e21e | 4876 | |
90248788 | 4877 | =item Unrecognized switch: -%s (-h will show valid options) |
a0d0e21e | 4878 | |
be771a83 GS |
4879 | (F) You specified an illegal option to Perl. Don't do that. (If you |
4880 | think you didn't do that, check the #! line to see if it's supplying the | |
4881 | bad switch on your behalf.) | |
a0d0e21e LW |
4882 | |
4883 | =item Unsuccessful %s on filename containing newline | |
4884 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4885 | (W newline) A file operation was attempted on a filename, and that |
4886 | operation failed, PROBABLY because the filename contained a newline, | |
5b3eff12 | 4887 | PROBABLY because you forgot to chomp() it off. See L<perlfunc/chomp>. |
a0d0e21e LW |
4888 | |
4889 | =item Unsupported directory function "%s" called | |
4890 | ||
4891 | (F) Your machine doesn't support opendir() and readdir(). | |
4892 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
4893 | =item Unsupported function %s |
4894 | ||
4895 | (F) This machine doesn't implement the indicated function, apparently. | |
4896 | At least, Configure doesn't think so. | |
4897 | ||
54310121 | 4898 | =item Unsupported function fork |
4899 | ||
4900 | (F) Your version of executable does not support forking. | |
4901 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4902 | Note that under some systems, like OS/2, there may be different flavors |
4903 | of Perl executables, some of which may support fork, some not. Try | |
4904 | changing the name you call Perl by to C<perl_>, C<perl__>, and so on. | |
54310121 | 4905 | |
7aa207d6 | 4906 | =item Unsupported script encoding %s |
b250498f GS |
4907 | |
4908 | (F) Your program file begins with a Unicode Byte Order Mark (BOM) which | |
7aa207d6 | 4909 | declares it to be in a Unicode encoding that Perl cannot read. |
b250498f | 4910 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
4911 | =item Unsupported socket function "%s" called |
4912 | ||
4913 | (F) Your machine doesn't support the Berkeley socket mechanism, or at | |
4914 | least that's what Configure thought. | |
4915 | ||
6df41af2 | 4916 | =item Unterminated attribute list |
a0d0e21e | 4917 | |
be771a83 GS |
4918 | (F) The lexer found something other than a simple identifier at the |
4919 | start of an attribute, and it wasn't a semicolon or the start of a | |
4920 | block. Perhaps you terminated the parameter list of the previous | |
4921 | attribute too soon. See L<attributes>. | |
a0d0e21e | 4922 | |
09bef843 SB |
4923 | =item Unterminated attribute parameter in attribute list |
4924 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4925 | (F) The lexer saw an opening (left) parenthesis character while parsing |
4926 | an attribute list, but the matching closing (right) parenthesis | |
09bef843 SB |
4927 | character was not found. You may need to add (or remove) a backslash |
4928 | character to get your parentheses to balance. See L<attributes>. | |
4929 | ||
f1991046 GS |
4930 | =item Unterminated compressed integer |
4931 | ||
4932 | (F) An argument to unpack("w",...) was incompatible with the BER | |
4933 | compressed integer format and could not be converted to an integer. | |
4934 | See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
4935 | ||
2bf803e2 YO |
4936 | =item Unterminated \g{...} pattern in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
4937 | ||
4938 | (F) You missed a close brace on a \g{..} pattern (group reference) in | |
4939 | a regular expression. Fix the pattern and retry. | |
e2e6a0f1 | 4940 | |
6df41af2 | 4941 | =item Unterminated <> operator |
09bef843 | 4942 | |
6df41af2 | 4943 | (F) The lexer saw a left angle bracket in a place where it was expecting |
be771a83 GS |
4944 | a term, so it's looking for the corresponding right angle bracket, and |
4945 | not finding it. Chances are you left some needed parentheses out | |
4946 | earlier in the line, and you really meant a "less than". | |
09bef843 | 4947 | |
905fe053 FC |
4948 | =item Unterminated verb pattern argument in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
4949 | ||
4950 | (F) You used a pattern of the form C<(*VERB:ARG)> but did not terminate | |
4951 | the pattern with a C<)>. Fix the pattern and retry. | |
4952 | ||
4953 | =item Unterminated verb pattern in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ | |
4954 | ||
4955 | (F) You used a pattern of the form C<(*VERB)> but did not terminate | |
4956 | the pattern with a C<)>. Fix the pattern and retry. | |
4957 | ||
6df41af2 | 4958 | =item untie attempted while %d inner references still exist |
a0d0e21e | 4959 | |
be771a83 GS |
4960 | (W untie) A copy of the object returned from C<tie> (or C<tied>) was |
4961 | still valid when C<untie> was called. | |
a0d0e21e | 4962 | |
8e11cd2b JC |
4963 | =item Usage: POSIX::%s(%s) |
4964 | ||
4965 | (F) You called a POSIX function with incorrect arguments. | |
4966 | See L<POSIX/FUNCTIONS> for more information. | |
4967 | ||
4968 | =item Usage: Win32::%s(%s) | |
4969 | ||
4970 | (F) You called a Win32 function with incorrect arguments. | |
4971 | See L<Win32> for more information. | |
4972 | ||
8fe85e3f FC |
4973 | =item Useless assignment to a temporary |
4974 | ||
4975 | (W misc) You assigned to an lvalue subroutine, but what | |
4976 | the subroutine returned was a temporary scalar about to | |
4977 | be discarded, so the assignment had no effect. | |
4978 | ||
96ebfdd7 | 4979 | =item Useless (?-%s) - don't use /%s modifier in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
9d1d55b5 | 4980 | |
96ebfdd7 RK |
4981 | (W regexp) You have used an internal modifier such as (?-o) that has no |
4982 | meaning unless removed from the entire regexp: | |
9d1d55b5 | 4983 | |
96ebfdd7 | 4984 | if ($string =~ /(?-o)$pattern/o) { ... } |
9d1d55b5 JP |
4985 | |
4986 | must be written as | |
4987 | ||
96ebfdd7 | 4988 | if ($string =~ /$pattern/) { ... } |
9d1d55b5 JP |
4989 | |
4990 | The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about | |
4991 | where the problem was discovered. See L<perlre>. | |
4992 | ||
b4581f09 JH |
4993 | =item Useless localization of %s |
4994 | ||
4995 | (W syntax) The localization of lvalues such as C<local($x=10)> is | |
4996 | legal, but in fact the local() currently has no effect. This may change at | |
4997 | some point in the future, but in the meantime such code is discouraged. | |
4998 | ||
96ebfdd7 | 4999 | =item Useless (?%s) - use /%s modifier in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
9d1d55b5 | 5000 | |
96ebfdd7 RK |
5001 | (W regexp) You have used an internal modifier such as (?o) that has no |
5002 | meaning unless applied to the entire regexp: | |
9d1d55b5 | 5003 | |
96ebfdd7 | 5004 | if ($string =~ /(?o)$pattern/) { ... } |
9d1d55b5 JP |
5005 | |
5006 | must be written as | |
5007 | ||
96ebfdd7 | 5008 | if ($string =~ /$pattern/o) { ... } |
9d1d55b5 JP |
5009 | |
5010 | The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about | |
5011 | where the problem was discovered. See L<perlre>. | |
5012 | ||
b08e453b RB |
5013 | =item Useless use of /d modifier in transliteration operator |
5014 | ||
5015 | (W misc) You have used the /d modifier where the searchlist has the | |
5016 | same length as the replacelist. See L<perlop> for more information | |
5017 | about the /d modifier. | |
5018 | ||
6df41af2 | 5019 | =item Useless use of %s in void context |
a0d0e21e | 5020 | |
75b44862 | 5021 | (W void) You did something without a side effect in a context that does |
be771a83 GS |
5022 | nothing with the return value, such as a statement that doesn't return a |
5023 | value from a block, or the left side of a scalar comma operator. Very | |
5024 | often this points not to stupidity on your part, but a failure of Perl | |
5025 | to parse your program the way you thought it would. For example, you'd | |
5026 | get this if you mixed up your C precedence with Python precedence and | |
5027 | said | |
a0d0e21e | 5028 | |
6df41af2 | 5029 | $one, $two = 1, 2; |
748a9306 | 5030 | |
6df41af2 GS |
5031 | when you meant to say |
5032 | ||
5033 | ($one, $two) = (1, 2); | |
5034 | ||
5035 | Another common error is to use ordinary parentheses to construct a list | |
5036 | reference when you should be using square or curly brackets, for | |
5037 | example, if you say | |
5038 | ||
5039 | $array = (1,2); | |
5040 | ||
5041 | when you should have said | |
5042 | ||
5043 | $array = [1,2]; | |
5044 | ||
5045 | The square brackets explicitly turn a list value into a scalar value, | |
5046 | while parentheses do not. So when a parenthesized list is evaluated in | |
5047 | a scalar context, the comma is treated like C's comma operator, which | |
5048 | throws away the left argument, which is not what you want. See | |
5049 | L<perlref> for more on this. | |
5050 | ||
65191a1e BS |
5051 | This warning will not be issued for numerical constants equal to 0 or 1 |
5052 | since they are often used in statements like | |
5053 | ||
4358a253 | 5054 | 1 while sub_with_side_effects(); |
65191a1e BS |
5055 | |
5056 | String constants that would normally evaluate to 0 or 1 are warned | |
5057 | about. | |
5058 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
5059 | =item Useless use of "re" pragma |
5060 | ||
5061 | (W) You did C<use re;> without any arguments. That isn't very useful. | |
5062 | ||
a801c63c RGS |
5063 | =item Useless use of sort in scalar context |
5064 | ||
5065 | (W void) You used sort in scalar context, as in : | |
5066 | ||
5067 | my $x = sort @y; | |
5068 | ||
5069 | This is not very useful, and perl currently optimizes this away. | |
5070 | ||
de4864e4 JH |
5071 | =item Useless use of %s with no values |
5072 | ||
f87c3213 | 5073 | (W syntax) You used the push() or unshift() function with no arguments |
de4864e4 JH |
5074 | apart from the array, like C<push(@x)> or C<unshift(@foo)>. That won't |
5075 | usually have any effect on the array, so is completely useless. It's | |
5076 | possible in principle that push(@tied_array) could have some effect | |
5077 | if the array is tied to a class which implements a PUSH method. If so, | |
5078 | you can write it as C<push(@tied_array,())> to avoid this warning. | |
5079 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
5080 | =item "use" not allowed in expression |
5081 | ||
be771a83 GS |
5082 | (F) The "use" keyword is recognized and executed at compile time, and |
5083 | returns no useful value. See L<perlmod>. | |
748a9306 | 5084 | |
55b67815 RGS |
5085 | =item Use of assignment to $[ is deprecated |
5086 | ||
5087 | (D deprecated) The C<$[> variable (index of the first element in an array) | |
5088 | is deprecated. See L<perlvar/"$[">. | |
5089 | ||
c47ff5f1 | 5090 | =item Use of bare << to mean <<"" is deprecated |
4633a7c4 | 5091 | |
8ab8f082 | 5092 | (D deprecated) You are now encouraged to use the explicitly quoted |
83ce3e12 RGS |
5093 | form if you wish to use an empty line as the terminator of the here-document. |
5094 | ||
5095 | =item Use of comma-less variable list is deprecated | |
5096 | ||
8ab8f082 | 5097 | (D deprecated) The values you give to a format should be |
83ce3e12 | 5098 | separated by commas, not just aligned on a line. |
4633a7c4 | 5099 | |
96ebfdd7 RK |
5100 | =item Use of chdir('') or chdir(undef) as chdir() deprecated |
5101 | ||
5102 | (D deprecated) chdir() with no arguments is documented to change to | |
5103 | $ENV{HOME} or $ENV{LOGDIR}. chdir(undef) and chdir('') share this | |
5104 | behavior, but that has been deprecated. In future versions they | |
5105 | will simply fail. | |
5106 | ||
5107 | Be careful to check that what you pass to chdir() is defined and not | |
5108 | blank, else you might find yourself in your home directory. | |
5109 | ||
64e578a2 MJD |
5110 | =item Use of /c modifier is meaningless in s/// |
5111 | ||
5112 | (W regexp) You used the /c modifier in a substitution. The /c | |
5113 | modifier is not presently meaningful in substitutions. | |
5114 | ||
4ac733c9 MJD |
5115 | =item Use of /c modifier is meaningless without /g |
5116 | ||
5117 | (W regexp) You used the /c modifier with a regex operand, but didn't | |
5118 | use the /g modifier. Currently, /c is meaningful only when /g is | |
5119 | used. (This may change in the future.) | |
5120 | ||
2dc78664 | 5121 | =item Use of := for an empty attribute list is not allowed |
036e1e65 | 5122 | |
2dc78664 NC |
5123 | (F) The construction C<my $x := 42> used to parse as equivalent to |
5124 | C<my $x : = 42> (applying an empty attribute list to C<$x>). | |
5125 | This construct was deprecated in 5.12.0, and has now been made a syntax | |
5126 | error, so C<:=> can be reclaimed as a new operator in the future. | |
5127 | ||
5128 | If you need an empty attribute list, for example in a code generator, add | |
5129 | a space before the C<=>. | |
036e1e65 | 5130 | |
b6c83531 | 5131 | =item Use of freed value in iteration |
2f7da168 | 5132 | |
b6c83531 JH |
5133 | (F) Perhaps you modified the iterated array within the loop? |
5134 | This error is typically caused by code like the following: | |
2f7da168 RK |
5135 | |
5136 | @a = (3,4); | |
5137 | @a = () for (1,2,@a); | |
5138 | ||
5139 | You are not supposed to modify arrays while they are being iterated over. | |
5140 | For speed and efficiency reasons, Perl internally does not do full | |
5141 | reference-counting of iterated items, hence deleting such an item in the | |
5142 | middle of an iteration causes Perl to see a freed value. | |
5143 | ||
39b99f21 | 5144 | =item Use of *glob{FILEHANDLE} is deprecated |
5145 | ||
5146 | (D deprecated) You are now encouraged to use the shorter *glob{IO} form | |
5147 | to access the filehandle slot within a typeglob. | |
5148 | ||
96ebfdd7 | 5149 | =item Use of /g modifier is meaningless in split |
35ae6b54 | 5150 | |
96ebfdd7 RK |
5151 | (W regexp) You used the /g modifier on the pattern for a C<split> |
5152 | operator. Since C<split> always tries to match the pattern | |
5153 | repeatedly, the C</g> has no effect. | |
35ae6b54 | 5154 | |
0b98bec9 RGS |
5155 | =item Use of "goto" to jump into a construct is deprecated |
5156 | ||
5157 | (D deprecated) Using C<goto> to jump from an outer scope into an inner | |
5158 | scope is deprecated and should be avoided. | |
5159 | ||
dc848c6f | 5160 | =item Use of inherited AUTOLOAD for non-method %s() is deprecated |
5161 | ||
1da25648 FC |
5162 | (D deprecated) As an (ahem) accidental feature, C<AUTOLOAD> |
5163 | subroutines are looked up as methods (using the C<@ISA> hierarchy) | |
5164 | even when the subroutines to be autoloaded were called as plain | |
5165 | functions (e.g. C<Foo::bar()>), not as methods (e.g. C<< Foo->bar() >> or | |
5166 | C<< $obj->bar() >>). | |
dc848c6f | 5167 | |
be771a83 GS |
5168 | This bug will be rectified in future by using method lookup only for |
5169 | methods' C<AUTOLOAD>s. However, there is a significant base of existing | |
5170 | code that may be using the old behavior. So, as an interim step, Perl | |
5171 | currently issues an optional warning when non-methods use inherited | |
5172 | C<AUTOLOAD>s. | |
dc848c6f | 5173 | |
5174 | The simple rule is: Inheritance will not work when autoloading | |
be771a83 GS |
5175 | non-methods. The simple fix for old code is: In any module that used |
5176 | to depend on inheriting C<AUTOLOAD> for non-methods from a base class | |
5177 | named C<BaseClass>, execute C<*AUTOLOAD = \&BaseClass::AUTOLOAD> during | |
5178 | startup. | |
dc848c6f | 5179 | |
be771a83 GS |
5180 | In code that currently says C<use AutoLoader; @ISA = qw(AutoLoader);> |
5181 | you should remove AutoLoader from @ISA and change C<use AutoLoader;> to | |
7b8d334a | 5182 | C<use AutoLoader 'AUTOLOAD';>. |
fb73857a | 5183 | |
6df41af2 GS |
5184 | =item Use of %s in printf format not supported |
5185 | ||
5186 | (F) You attempted to use a feature of printf that is accessible from | |
5187 | only C. This usually means there's a better way to do it in Perl. | |
5188 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
5189 | =item Use of %s is deprecated |
5190 | ||
75b44862 | 5191 | (D deprecated) The construct indicated is no longer recommended for use, |
be771a83 GS |
5192 | generally because there's a better way to do it, and also because the |
5193 | old way has bad side effects. | |
6df41af2 | 5194 | |
5a7abfcc FC |
5195 | =item Use of -l on filehandle %s |
5196 | ||
5197 | (W io) A filehandle represents an opened file, and when you opened the file | |
5198 | it already went past any symlink you are presumably trying to look for. | |
5199 | The operation returned C<undef>. Use a filename instead. | |
5200 | ||
7c7df812 FC |
5201 | =item Use of %s on a handle without * is deprecated |
5202 | ||
5203 | (D deprecated) You used C<tie>, C<tied> or C<untie> on a scalar but that | |
5204 | scalar happens to hold a typeglob, which means its filehandle will | |
5205 | be tied. If you mean to tie a handle, use an explicit * as in | |
5206 | C<tie *$handle>. | |
5207 | ||
5208 | This is a long-standing bug that will be removed in Perl 5.16, as | |
5209 | there is currently no way to tie the scalar itself when it holds | |
5210 | a typeglob, and no way to untie a scalar that has had a typeglob | |
5211 | assigned to it. | |
5212 | ||
905fe053 FC |
5213 | =item Use of ?PATTERN? without explicit operator is deprecated |
5214 | ||
5215 | (D deprecated) You have written something like C<?\w?>, for a regular | |
5216 | expression that matches only once. Starting this term directly with | |
5217 | the question mark delimiter is now deprecated, so that the question mark | |
5218 | will be available for use in new operators in the future. Write C<m?\w?> | |
5219 | instead, explicitly using the C<m> operator: the question mark delimiter | |
5220 | still invokes match-once behaviour. | |
5221 | ||
ea25a9b2 Z |
5222 | =item Use of qw(...) as parentheses is deprecated |
5223 | ||
5224 | (D deprecated) You have something like C<foreach $x qw(a b c) {...}>, | |
5225 | using a C<qw(...)> list literal where a parenthesised expression is | |
5226 | expected. Historically the parser fooled itself into thinking that | |
5227 | C<qw(...)> literals were always enclosed in parentheses, and as a result | |
5228 | you could sometimes omit parentheses around them. (You could never do | |
5229 | the C<foreach qw(a b c) {...}> that you might have expected, though.) | |
5230 | The parser no longer lies to itself in this way. Wrap the list literal | |
5231 | in parentheses, like C<foreach $x (qw(a b c)) {...}>. | |
5232 | ||
1f1cc344 | 5233 | =item Use of reference "%s" as array index |
d804643f | 5234 | |
77b96956 | 5235 | (W misc) You tried to use a reference as an array index; this probably |
1f1cc344 JH |
5236 | isn't what you mean, because references in numerical context tend |
5237 | to be huge numbers, and so usually indicates programmer error. | |
d804643f | 5238 | |
64977eb6 | 5239 | If you really do mean it, explicitly numify your reference, like so: |
1f1cc344 | 5240 | C<$array[0+$ref]>. This warning is not given for overloaded objects, |
54e0f05c | 5241 | however, because you can overload the numification and stringification |
c69ca1d4 | 5242 | operators and then you presumably know what you are doing. |
d804643f | 5243 | |
85b81015 LW |
5244 | =item Use of reserved word "%s" is deprecated |
5245 | ||
be771a83 GS |
5246 | (D deprecated) The indicated bareword is a reserved word. Future |
5247 | versions of perl may use it as a keyword, so you're better off either | |
5248 | explicitly quoting the word in a manner appropriate for its context of | |
5249 | use, or using a different name altogether. The warning can be | |
5250 | suppressed for subroutine names by either adding a C<&> prefix, or using | |
5251 | a package qualifier, e.g. C<&our()>, or C<Foo::our()>. | |
85b81015 | 5252 | |
bbd7eb8a RD |
5253 | =item Use of tainted arguments in %s is deprecated |
5254 | ||
159f47d9 | 5255 | (W taint, deprecated) You have supplied C<system()> or C<exec()> with multiple |
bbd7eb8a RD |
5256 | arguments and at least one of them is tainted. This used to be allowed |
5257 | but will become a fatal error in a future version of perl. Untaint your | |
5258 | arguments. See L<perlsec>. | |
5259 | ||
cc95b072 | 5260 | =item Use of uninitialized value%s |
a0d0e21e | 5261 | |
be771a83 GS |
5262 | (W uninitialized) An undefined value was used as if it were already |
5263 | defined. It was interpreted as a "" or a 0, but maybe it was a mistake. | |
5264 | To suppress this warning assign a defined value to your variables. | |
a0d0e21e | 5265 | |
29489e7c DM |
5266 | To help you figure out what was undefined, perl will try to tell you the |
5267 | name of the variable (if any) that was undefined. In some cases it cannot | |
5268 | do this, so it also tells you what operation you used the undefined value | |
5269 | in. Note, however, that perl optimizes your program and the operation | |
5270 | displayed in the warning may not necessarily appear literally in your | |
5271 | program. For example, C<"that $foo"> is usually optimized into C<"that " | |
5272 | . $foo>, and the warning will refer to the C<concatenation (.)> operator, | |
5273 | even though there is no C<.> in your program. | |
e5be4a53 | 5274 | |
a1063b2d RH |
5275 | =item Using a hash as a reference is deprecated |
5276 | ||
496a33f5 | 5277 | (D deprecated) You tried to use a hash as a reference, as in |
1b1f1335 NIS |
5278 | C<< %foo->{"bar"} >> or C<< %$ref->{"hello"} >>. Versions of perl <= 5.6.1 |
5279 | used to allow this syntax, but shouldn't have. It is now deprecated, and will | |
496a33f5 | 5280 | be removed in a future version. |
a1063b2d RH |
5281 | |
5282 | =item Using an array as a reference is deprecated | |
5283 | ||
496a33f5 | 5284 | (D deprecated) You tried to use an array as a reference, as in |
1b1f1335 NIS |
5285 | C<< @foo->[23] >> or C<< @$ref->[99] >>. Versions of perl <= 5.6.1 used to |
5286 | allow this syntax, but shouldn't have. It is now deprecated, and will be | |
496a33f5 | 5287 | removed in a future version. |
a1063b2d | 5288 | |
ff3f963a KW |
5289 | =item Using just the first character returned by \N{} in character class |
5290 | ||
5291 | (W) A charnames handler may return a sequence of more than one character. | |
5292 | Currently all but the first one are discarded when used in a regular | |
5293 | expression pattern bracketed character class. | |
5294 | ||
c794c51b FC |
5295 | =item Using !~ with %s doesn't make sense |
5296 | ||
5297 | (F) Using the C<!~> operator with C<s///r>, C<tr///r> or C<y///r> is | |
5298 | currently reserved for future use, as the exact behaviour has not | |
5299 | been decided. (Simply returning the boolean opposite of the | |
5300 | modified string is usually not particularly useful.) | |
0876b9a0 | 5301 | |
3a3263a0 KW |
5302 | =item User-defined case-mapping '%s' is deprecated |
5303 | ||
5304 | (W deprecated) You defined a function, such as C<ToLower> that overrides | |
5305 | the standard case mapping, such as C<lc()> gives. This feature is being | |
5306 | deprecated due to its many issues, as documented in | |
5307 | L<perlunicode/User-Defined Case Mappings (for serious hackers only)>. | |
5308 | It is planned to remove this feature in Perl 5.16. A CPAN module | |
5309 | providing improved functionality is being prepared. | |
5310 | ||
949cf498 KW |
5311 | =item UTF-16 surrogate U+%X |
5312 | ||
8457b38f | 5313 | (W utf8, surrogate) You had a UTF-16 surrogate in a context where they are |
949cf498 KW |
5314 | not considered acceptable. These code points, between U+D800 and |
5315 | U+DFFF (inclusive), are used by Unicode only for UTF-16. However, Perl | |
5316 | internally allows all unsigned integer code points (up to the size limit | |
5317 | available on your platform), including surrogates. But these can cause | |
5318 | problems when being input or output, which is likely where this message | |
5319 | came from. If you really really know what you are doing you can turn | |
8457b38f | 5320 | off this warning by C<no warnings 'surrogate';>. |
9466bab6 | 5321 | |
68dc0745 | 5322 | =item Value of %s can be "0"; test with defined() |
a6006777 | 5323 | |
75b44862 | 5324 | (W misc) In a conditional expression, you used <HANDLE>, <*> (glob), |
be771a83 GS |
5325 | C<each()>, or C<readdir()> as a boolean value. Each of these constructs |
5326 | can return a value of "0"; that would make the conditional expression | |
5327 | false, which is probably not what you intended. When using these | |
5328 | constructs in conditional expressions, test their values with the | |
5329 | C<defined> operator. | |
a6006777 | 5330 | |
f675dbe5 CB |
5331 | =item Value of CLI symbol "%s" too long |
5332 | ||
be771a83 GS |
5333 | (W misc) A warning peculiar to VMS. Perl tried to read the value of an |
5334 | %ENV element from a CLI symbol table, and found a resultant string | |
5335 | longer than 1024 characters. The return value has been truncated to | |
5336 | 1024 characters. | |
f675dbe5 | 5337 | |
b5c19bd7 | 5338 | =item Variable "%s" is not available |
44a8e56a | 5339 | |
b5c19bd7 DM |
5340 | (W closure) During compilation, an inner named subroutine or eval is |
5341 | attempting to capture an outer lexical that is not currently available. | |
42c13b56 | 5342 | This can happen for one of two reasons. First, the outer lexical may be |
b5c19bd7 DM |
5343 | declared in an outer anonymous subroutine that has not yet been created. |
5344 | (Remember that named subs are created at compile time, while anonymous | |
42c13b56 | 5345 | subs are created at run-time.) For example, |
44a8e56a | 5346 | |
b5c19bd7 | 5347 | sub { my $a; sub f { $a } } |
44a8e56a | 5348 | |
b5c19bd7 DM |
5349 | At the time that f is created, it can't capture the current value of $a, |
5350 | since the anonymous subroutine hasn't been created yet. Conversely, | |
5351 | the following won't give a warning since the anonymous subroutine has by | |
5352 | now been created and is live: | |
be771a83 | 5353 | |
b5c19bd7 DM |
5354 | sub { my $a; eval 'sub f { $a }' }->(); |
5355 | ||
5356 | The second situation is caused by an eval accessing a variable that has | |
5357 | gone out of scope, for example, | |
5358 | ||
5359 | sub f { | |
5360 | my $a; | |
5361 | sub { eval '$a' } | |
5362 | } | |
5363 | f()->(); | |
5364 | ||
5365 | Here, when the '$a' in the eval is being compiled, f() is not currently being | |
5366 | executed, so its $a is not available for capture. | |
44a8e56a | 5367 | |
b4581f09 JH |
5368 | =item Variable "%s" is not imported%s |
5369 | ||
413ff9f6 FC |
5370 | (W misc) With "use strict" in effect, you referred to a global variable |
5371 | that you apparently thought was imported from another module, because | |
b4581f09 JH |
5372 | something else of the same name (usually a subroutine) is exported by |
5373 | that module. It usually means you put the wrong funny character on the | |
5374 | front of your variable. | |
5375 | ||
58e23c8d | 5376 | =item Variable length lookbehind not implemented in m/%s/ |
b4581f09 JH |
5377 | |
5378 | (F) Lookbehind is allowed only for subexpressions whose length is fixed and | |
58e23c8d | 5379 | known at compile time. See L<perlre>. |
b4581f09 JH |
5380 | |
5381 | =item "%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s | |
5382 | ||
b9cc85ad FC |
5383 | (W misc) A "my", "our" or "state" variable has been redeclared in the |
5384 | current scope or statement, effectively eliminating all access to the | |
5385 | previous instance. This is almost always a typographical error. Note | |
5386 | that the earlier variable will still exist until the end of the scope | |
5387 | or until all closure referents to it are destroyed. | |
b4581f09 | 5388 | |
6df41af2 GS |
5389 | =item Variable syntax |
5390 | ||
5391 | (A) You've accidentally run your script through B<csh> instead | |
5392 | of Perl. Check the #! line, or manually feed your script into | |
5393 | Perl yourself. | |
5394 | ||
44a8e56a | 5395 | =item Variable "%s" will not stay shared |
5396 | ||
be771a83 | 5397 | (W closure) An inner (nested) I<named> subroutine is referencing a |
b5c19bd7 | 5398 | lexical variable defined in an outer named subroutine. |
44a8e56a | 5399 | |
b5c19bd7 | 5400 | When the inner subroutine is called, it will see the value of |
be771a83 GS |
5401 | the outer subroutine's variable as it was before and during the *first* |
5402 | call to the outer subroutine; in this case, after the first call to the | |
5403 | outer subroutine is complete, the inner and outer subroutines will no | |
5404 | longer share a common value for the variable. In other words, the | |
5405 | variable will no longer be shared. | |
44a8e56a | 5406 | |
44a8e56a | 5407 | This problem can usually be solved by making the inner subroutine |
5408 | anonymous, using the C<sub {}> syntax. When inner anonymous subs that | |
b5c19bd7 | 5409 | reference variables in outer subroutines are created, they |
be771a83 | 5410 | are automatically rebound to the current values of such variables. |
44a8e56a | 5411 | |
e2e6a0f1 YO |
5412 | =item Verb pattern '%s' has a mandatory argument in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
5413 | ||
5414 | (F) You used a verb pattern that requires an argument. Supply an argument | |
5415 | or check that you are using the right verb. | |
5416 | ||
5417 | =item Verb pattern '%s' may not have an argument in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ | |
5418 | ||
5419 | (F) You used a verb pattern that is not allowed an argument. Remove the | |
5420 | argument or check that you are using the right verb. | |
5421 | ||
084610c0 GS |
5422 | =item Version number must be a constant number |
5423 | ||
5424 | (P) The attempt to translate a C<use Module n.n LIST> statement into | |
5425 | its equivalent C<BEGIN> block found an internal inconsistency with | |
5426 | the version number. | |
5427 | ||
808ee47e SP |
5428 | =item Version string '%s' contains invalid data; ignoring: '%s' |
5429 | ||
32e998fd RGS |
5430 | (W misc) The version string contains invalid characters at the end, which |
5431 | are being ignored. | |
808ee47e | 5432 | |
7e1af8bc | 5433 | =item Warning: something's wrong |
5f05dabc | 5434 | |
5435 | (W) You passed warn() an empty string (the equivalent of C<warn "">) or | |
ec8bb14c | 5436 | you called it with no args and C<$@> was empty. |
5f05dabc | 5437 | |
f86702cc | 5438 | =item Warning: unable to close filehandle %s properly |
a0d0e21e | 5439 | |
be771a83 GS |
5440 | (S) The implicit close() done by an open() got an error indication on |
5441 | the close(). This usually indicates your file system ran out of disk | |
5442 | space. | |
a0d0e21e | 5443 | |
5f05dabc | 5444 | =item Warning: Use of "%s" without parentheses is ambiguous |
a0d0e21e | 5445 | |
be771a83 GS |
5446 | (S ambiguous) You wrote a unary operator followed by something that |
5447 | looks like a binary operator that could also have been interpreted as a | |
5448 | term or unary operator. For instance, if you know that the rand | |
5449 | function has a default argument of 1.0, and you write | |
a0d0e21e LW |
5450 | |
5451 | rand + 5; | |
5452 | ||
5453 | you may THINK you wrote the same thing as | |
5454 | ||
5455 | rand() + 5; | |
5456 | ||
5457 | but in actual fact, you got | |
5458 | ||
5459 | rand(+5); | |
5460 | ||
5f05dabc | 5461 | So put in parentheses to say what you really mean. |
a0d0e21e | 5462 | |
4b3603a4 JH |
5463 | =item Wide character in %s |
5464 | ||
c8f79457 | 5465 | (S utf8) Perl met a wide character (>255) when it wasn't expecting |
cd28123a JH |
5466 | one. This warning is by default on for I/O (like print). The easiest |
5467 | way to quiet this warning is simply to add the C<:utf8> layer to the | |
5468 | output, e.g. C<binmode STDOUT, ':utf8'>. Another way to turn off the | |
5469 | warning is to add C<no warnings 'utf8';> but that is often closer to | |
5470 | cheating. In general, you are supposed to explicitly mark the | |
5471 | filehandle with an encoding, see L<open> and L<perlfunc/binmode>. | |
4b3603a4 | 5472 | |
49704364 WL |
5473 | =item Within []-length '%c' not allowed |
5474 | ||
5475 | (F) The count in the (un)pack template may be replaced by C<[TEMPLATE]> only if | |
5476 | C<TEMPLATE> always matches the same amount of packed bytes that can be | |
7bef7cf6 | 5477 | determined from the template alone. This is not possible if it contains any |
49704364 WL |
5478 | of the codes @, /, U, u, w or a *-length. Redesign the template. |
5479 | ||
9a7dcd9c | 5480 | =item write() on closed filehandle %s |
a0d0e21e | 5481 | |
be771a83 | 5482 | (W closed) The filehandle you're writing to got itself closed sometime |
c289d2f7 | 5483 | before now. Check your control flow. |
a0d0e21e | 5484 | |
9ae3ac1a | 5485 | =item %s "\x%X" does not map to Unicode |
b4581f09 | 5486 | |
a4a4c9e2 | 5487 | (F) When reading in different encodings Perl tries to map everything |
b4581f09 JH |
5488 | into Unicode characters. The bytes you read in are not legal in |
5489 | this encoding, for example | |
5490 | ||
5491 | utf8 "\xE4" does not map to Unicode | |
5492 | ||
5493 | if you try to read in the a-diaereses Latin-1 as UTF-8. | |
5494 | ||
49704364 | 5495 | =item 'X' outside of string |
a0d0e21e | 5496 | |
49704364 WL |
5497 | (F) You had a (un)pack template that specified a relative position before |
5498 | the beginning of the string being (un)packed. See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
a0d0e21e | 5499 | |
49704364 | 5500 | =item 'x' outside of string in unpack |
a0d0e21e LW |
5501 | |
5502 | (F) You had a pack template that specified a relative position after | |
5503 | the end of the string being unpacked. See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
5504 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
5505 | =item YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET! |
5506 | ||
5f05dabc | 5507 | (F) And you probably never will, because you probably don't have the |
a0d0e21e | 5508 | sources to your kernel, and your vendor probably doesn't give a rip |
1b1f1335 | 5509 | about what you want. Your best bet is to put a setuid C wrapper around |
496a33f5 | 5510 | your script. |
a0d0e21e LW |
5511 | |
5512 | =item You need to quote "%s" | |
5513 | ||
be771a83 GS |
5514 | (W syntax) You assigned a bareword as a signal handler name. |
5515 | Unfortunately, you already have a subroutine of that name declared, | |
5516 | which means that Perl 5 will try to call the subroutine when the | |
5517 | assignment is executed, which is probably not what you want. (If it IS | |
5518 | what you want, put an & in front.) | |
a0d0e21e | 5519 | |
6cfd5ea7 JH |
5520 | =item Your random numbers are not that random |
5521 | ||
5522 | (F) When trying to initialise the random seed for hashes, Perl could | |
5523 | not get any randomness out of your system. This usually indicates | |
5524 | Something Very Wrong. | |
5525 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
5526 | =back |
5527 | ||
00eb3f2b RGS |
5528 | =head1 SEE ALSO |
5529 | ||
ed3f9c4f | 5530 | L<warnings>, L<perllexwarn>, L<diagnostics>. |
00eb3f2b | 5531 | |
56e90b21 | 5532 | =cut |