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Provide support for types PVN and UNDEF in
[perl5.git] / util.c
CommitLineData
a0d0e21e 1/* util.c
a687059c 2 *
4bb101f2 3 * Copyright (C) 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
770526c1 4 * 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, by Larry Wall and others
a687059c 5 *
d48672a2
LW		 6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
8d063cd8 8 *
8d063cd8 9 */
a0d0e21e
LW		 10
11/*
12 * "Very useful, no doubt, that was to Saruman; yet it seems that he was
13 * not content." --Gandalf
14 */
8d063cd8 15
166f8a29
DM		 16/* This file contains assorted utility routines.
17 * Which is a polite way of saying any stuff that people couldn't think of
18 * a better place for. Amongst other things, it includes the warning and
19 * dieing stuff, plus wrappers for malloc code.
20 */
21
8d063cd8 22#include "EXTERN.h"
864dbfa3 23#define PERL_IN_UTIL_C
8d063cd8 24#include "perl.h"
62b28dd9 25
64ca3a65 26#ifndef PERL_MICRO
a687059c 27#include <signal.h>
36477c24 28#ifndef SIG_ERR
29# define SIG_ERR ((Sighandler_t) -1)
30#endif
64ca3a65 31#endif
36477c24 32
172d2248
OS		 33#ifdef __Lynx__
34/* Missing protos on LynxOS */
35int putenv(char *);
36#endif
37
ff68c719 38#ifdef I_SYS_WAIT
39# include <sys/wait.h>
40#endif
41
868439a2
JH		 42#ifdef HAS_SELECT
43# ifdef I_SYS_SELECT
44# include <sys/select.h>
45# endif
46#endif
47
8d063cd8 48#define FLUSH
8d063cd8 49
16cebae2
GS		 50#if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD) && !defined(FD_CLOEXEC)
51# define FD_CLOEXEC 1 /* NeXT needs this */
52#endif
53
a687059c
LW		 54/* NOTE: Do not call the next three routines directly. Use the macros
55 * in handy.h, so that we can easily redefine everything to do tracking of
56 * allocated hunks back to the original New to track down any memory leaks.
20cec16a 57 * XXX This advice seems to be widely ignored :-( --AD August 1996.
a687059c
LW		 58 */
59
ca8d8976
NC		 60static char *
61S_write_no_mem(pTHX)
62{
63 /* Can't use PerlIO to write as it allocates memory */
64 PerlLIO_write(PerlIO_fileno(Perl_error_log),
65 PL_no_mem, strlen(PL_no_mem));
66 my_exit(1);
1f440eb2 67 NORETURN_FUNCTION_END;
ca8d8976
NC		 68}
69
26fa51c3
AMS		 70/* paranoid version of system's malloc() */
71
bd4080b3 72Malloc_t
4f63d024 73Perl_safesysmalloc(MEM_SIZE size)
8d063cd8 74{
54aff467 75 dTHX;
bd4080b3 76 Malloc_t ptr;
55497cff 77#ifdef HAS_64K_LIMIT
62b28dd9 78 if (size > 0xffff) {
bf49b057 79 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log,
16cebae2 80 "Allocation too large: %lx\n", size) FLUSH;
54aff467 81 my_exit(1);
62b28dd9 82 }
55497cff 83#endif /* HAS_64K_LIMIT */
e8dda941
JD		 84#ifdef PERL_TRACK_MEMPOOL
85 size += sTHX;
86#endif
34de22dd
LW		 87#ifdef DEBUGGING
88 if ((long)size < 0)
4f63d024 89 Perl_croak_nocontext("panic: malloc");
34de22dd 90#endif
12ae5dfc 91 ptr = (Malloc_t)PerlMem_malloc(size?size:1); /* malloc(0) is NASTY on our system */
da927450 92 PERL_ALLOC_CHECK(ptr);
97835f67 93 DEBUG_m(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "0x%"UVxf": (%05ld) malloc %ld bytes\n",PTR2UV(ptr),(long)PL_an++,(long)size));
e8dda941
JD		 94 if (ptr != Nullch) {
95#ifdef PERL_TRACK_MEMPOOL
731dcb42 96 ((struct perl_memory_debug_header *)ptr)->interpreter = aTHX;
e8dda941
JD		 97 ptr = (Malloc_t)((char*)ptr+sTHX);
98#endif
8d063cd8 99 return ptr;
e8dda941 100}
3280af22 101 else if (PL_nomemok)
7c0587c8 102 return Nullch;
8d063cd8 103 else {
0bd48802 104 return write_no_mem();
8d063cd8
LW		 105 }
106 /*NOTREACHED*/
107}
108
f2517201 109/* paranoid version of system's realloc() */
8d063cd8 110
bd4080b3 111Malloc_t
4f63d024 112Perl_safesysrealloc(Malloc_t where,MEM_SIZE size)
8d063cd8 113{
54aff467 114 dTHX;
bd4080b3 115 Malloc_t ptr;
9a34ef1d 116#if !defined(STANDARD_C) && !defined(HAS_REALLOC_PROTOTYPE) && !defined(PERL_MICRO)
6ad3d225 117 Malloc_t PerlMem_realloc();
ecfc5424 118#endif /* !defined(STANDARD_C) && !defined(HAS_REALLOC_PROTOTYPE) */
8d063cd8 119
a1d180c4 120#ifdef HAS_64K_LIMIT
5f05dabc 121 if (size > 0xffff) {
bf49b057 122 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log,
5f05dabc 123 "Reallocation too large: %lx\n", size) FLUSH;
54aff467 124 my_exit(1);
5f05dabc 125 }
55497cff 126#endif /* HAS_64K_LIMIT */
7614df0c 127 if (!size) {
f2517201 128 safesysfree(where);
7614df0c
JD		 129 return NULL;
130 }
131
378cc40b 132 if (!where)
f2517201 133 return safesysmalloc(size);
e8dda941
JD		 134#ifdef PERL_TRACK_MEMPOOL
135 where = (Malloc_t)((char*)where-sTHX);
136 size += sTHX;
731dcb42 137 if (((struct perl_memory_debug_header *)where)->interpreter != aTHX) {
e8dda941
JD		 138 /* int *nowhere = NULL; *nowhere = 0; */
139 Perl_croak_nocontext("panic: realloc from wrong pool");
140 }
141#endif
34de22dd
LW		 142#ifdef DEBUGGING
143 if ((long)size < 0)
4f63d024 144 Perl_croak_nocontext("panic: realloc");
34de22dd 145#endif
12ae5dfc 146 ptr = (Malloc_t)PerlMem_realloc(where,size);
da927450 147 PERL_ALLOC_CHECK(ptr);
a1d180c4 148
97835f67
JH		 149 DEBUG_m(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "0x%"UVxf": (%05ld) rfree\n",PTR2UV(where),(long)PL_an++));
150 DEBUG_m(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "0x%"UVxf": (%05ld) realloc %ld bytes\n",PTR2UV(ptr),(long)PL_an++,(long)size));
79072805 151
e8dda941
JD		 152 if (ptr != Nullch) {
153#ifdef PERL_TRACK_MEMPOOL
154 ptr = (Malloc_t)((char*)ptr+sTHX);
155#endif
8d063cd8 156 return ptr;
e8dda941 157 }
3280af22 158 else if (PL_nomemok)
7c0587c8 159 return Nullch;
8d063cd8 160 else {
0bd48802 161 return write_no_mem();
8d063cd8
LW		 162 }
163 /*NOTREACHED*/
164}
165
f2517201 166/* safe version of system's free() */
8d063cd8 167
54310121 168Free_t
4f63d024 169Perl_safesysfree(Malloc_t where)
8d063cd8 170{
27da23d5 171 dVAR;
e8dda941 172#if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS) || defined(PERL_TRACK_MEMPOOL)
54aff467 173 dTHX;
155aba94 174#endif
97835f67 175 DEBUG_m( PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "0x%"UVxf": (%05ld) free\n",PTR2UV(where),(long)PL_an++));
378cc40b 176 if (where) {
e8dda941
JD		 177#ifdef PERL_TRACK_MEMPOOL
178 where = (Malloc_t)((char*)where-sTHX);
731dcb42 179 if (((struct perl_memory_debug_header *)where)->interpreter != aTHX) {
e8dda941
JD		 180 /* int *nowhere = NULL; *nowhere = 0; */
181 Perl_croak_nocontext("panic: free from wrong pool");
182 }
183#endif
6ad3d225 184 PerlMem_free(where);
378cc40b 185 }
8d063cd8
LW		 186}
187
f2517201 188/* safe version of system's calloc() */
1050c9ca 189
bd4080b3 190Malloc_t
4f63d024 191Perl_safesyscalloc(MEM_SIZE count, MEM_SIZE size)
1050c9ca 192{
54aff467 193 dTHX;
bd4080b3 194 Malloc_t ptr;
1050c9ca 195
55497cff 196#ifdef HAS_64K_LIMIT
5f05dabc 197 if (size * count > 0xffff) {
bf49b057 198 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log,
5f05dabc 199 "Allocation too large: %lx\n", size * count) FLUSH;
54aff467 200 my_exit(1);
5f05dabc 201 }
55497cff 202#endif /* HAS_64K_LIMIT */
1050c9ca 203#ifdef DEBUGGING
204 if ((long)size < 0 || (long)count < 0)
4f63d024 205 Perl_croak_nocontext("panic: calloc");
1050c9ca 206#endif
0b7c1c42 207 size *= count;
e8dda941
JD		 208#ifdef PERL_TRACK_MEMPOOL
209 size += sTHX;
210#endif
12ae5dfc 211 ptr = (Malloc_t)PerlMem_malloc(size?size:1); /* malloc(0) is NASTY on our system */
da927450 212 PERL_ALLOC_CHECK(ptr);
97835f67 213 DEBUG_m(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "0x%"UVxf": (%05ld) calloc %ld x %ld bytes\n",PTR2UV(ptr),(long)PL_an++,(long)count,(long)size));
1050c9ca 214 if (ptr != Nullch) {
215 memset((void*)ptr, 0, size);
e8dda941 216#ifdef PERL_TRACK_MEMPOOL
731dcb42 217 ((struct perl_memory_debug_header *)ptr)->interpreter = aTHX;
e8dda941
JD		 218 ptr = (Malloc_t)((char*)ptr+sTHX);
219#endif
1050c9ca 220 return ptr;
221 }
3280af22 222 else if (PL_nomemok)
1050c9ca 223 return Nullch;
0bd48802 224 return write_no_mem();
1050c9ca 225}
226
cae6d0e5
GS		 227/* These must be defined when not using Perl's malloc for binary
228 * compatibility */
229
230#ifndef MYMALLOC
231
232Malloc_t Perl_malloc (MEM_SIZE nbytes)
233{
234 dTHXs;
077a72a9 235 return (Malloc_t)PerlMem_malloc(nbytes);
cae6d0e5
GS		 236}
237
238Malloc_t Perl_calloc (MEM_SIZE elements, MEM_SIZE size)
239{
240 dTHXs;
077a72a9 241 return (Malloc_t)PerlMem_calloc(elements, size);
cae6d0e5
GS		 242}
243
244Malloc_t Perl_realloc (Malloc_t where, MEM_SIZE nbytes)
245{
246 dTHXs;
077a72a9 247 return (Malloc_t)PerlMem_realloc(where, nbytes);
cae6d0e5
GS		 248}
249
250Free_t Perl_mfree (Malloc_t where)
251{
252 dTHXs;
253 PerlMem_free(where);
254}
255
256#endif
257
8d063cd8
LW		 258/* copy a string up to some (non-backslashed) delimiter, if any */
259
260char *
e1ec3a88 261Perl_delimcpy(pTHX_ register char *to, register const char *toend, register const char *from, register const char *fromend, register int delim, I32 *retlen)
8d063cd8 262{
fc36a67e 263 register I32 tolen;
264 for (tolen = 0; from < fromend; from++, tolen++) {
378cc40b
LW		 265 if (*from == '\\') {
266 if (from[1] == delim)
267 from++;
fc36a67e 268 else {
269 if (to < toend)
270 *to++ = *from;
271 tolen++;
272 from++;
273 }
378cc40b 274 }
bedebaa5 275 else if (*from == delim)
8d063cd8 276 break;
fc36a67e 277 if (to < toend)
278 *to++ = *from;
8d063cd8 279 }
bedebaa5
CS		 280 if (to < toend)
281 *to = '\0';
fc36a67e 282 *retlen = tolen;
73d840c0 283 return (char *)from;
8d063cd8
LW		 284}
285
286/* return ptr to little string in big string, NULL if not found */
378cc40b 287/* This routine was donated by Corey Satten. */
8d063cd8
LW		 288
289char *
864dbfa3 290Perl_instr(pTHX_ register const char *big, register const char *little)
378cc40b 291{
79072805 292 register I32 first;
378cc40b 293
a687059c 294 if (!little)
08105a92 295 return (char*)big;
a687059c 296 first = *little++;
378cc40b 297 if (!first)
08105a92 298 return (char*)big;
378cc40b 299 while (*big) {
66a1b24b 300 register const char *s, *x;
378cc40b
LW		 301 if (*big++ != first)
302 continue;
303 for (x=big,s=little; *s; /**/ ) {
304 if (!*x)
305 return Nullch;
4fc877ac 306 if (*s != *x)
378cc40b 307 break;
4fc877ac
AL		 308 else {
309 s++;
310 x++;
378cc40b
LW		 311 }
312 }
313 if (!*s)
08105a92 314 return (char*)(big-1);
378cc40b
LW		 315 }
316 return Nullch;
317}
8d063cd8 318
a687059c
LW		 319/* same as instr but allow embedded nulls */
320
321char *
864dbfa3 322Perl_ninstr(pTHX_ register const char *big, register const char *bigend, const char *little, const char *lend)
8d063cd8 323{
e1ec3a88 324 register const I32 first = *little;
7452cf6a 325 register const char * const littleend = lend;
378cc40b 326
a0d0e21e 327 if (!first && little >= littleend)
08105a92 328 return (char*)big;
de3bb511
LW		 329 if (bigend - big < littleend - little)
330 return Nullch;
a687059c
LW		 331 bigend -= littleend - little++;
332 while (big <= bigend) {
66a1b24b 333 register const char *s, *x;
a687059c
LW		 334 if (*big++ != first)
335 continue;
336 for (x=big,s=little; s < littleend; /**/ ) {
4fc877ac 337 if (*s != *x)
a687059c 338 break;
4fc877ac
AL		 339 else {
340 s++;
341 x++;
a687059c
LW		 342 }
343 }
344 if (s >= littleend)
08105a92 345 return (char*)(big-1);
378cc40b 346 }
a687059c
LW		 347 return Nullch;
348}
349
350/* reverse of the above--find last substring */
351
352char *
864dbfa3 353Perl_rninstr(pTHX_ register const char *big, const char *bigend, const char *little, const char *lend)
a687059c 354{
08105a92 355 register const char *bigbeg;
e1ec3a88 356 register const I32 first = *little;
7452cf6a 357 register const char * const littleend = lend;
a687059c 358
a0d0e21e 359 if (!first && little >= littleend)
08105a92 360 return (char*)bigend;
a687059c
LW		 361 bigbeg = big;
362 big = bigend - (littleend - little++);
363 while (big >= bigbeg) {
66a1b24b 364 register const char *s, *x;
a687059c
LW		 365 if (*big-- != first)
366 continue;
367 for (x=big+2,s=little; s < littleend; /**/ ) {
4fc877ac 368 if (*s != *x)
a687059c 369 break;
4fc877ac
AL		 370 else {
371 x++;
372 s++;
a687059c
LW		 373 }
374 }
375 if (s >= littleend)
08105a92 376 return (char*)(big+1);
378cc40b 377 }
a687059c 378 return Nullch;
378cc40b 379}
a687059c 380
cf93c79d
IZ		 381#define FBM_TABLE_OFFSET 2 /* Number of bytes between EOS and table*/
382
383/* As a space optimization, we do not compile tables for strings of length
384 0 and 1, and for strings of length 2 unless FBMcf_TAIL. These are
385 special-cased in fbm_instr().
386
387 If FBMcf_TAIL, the table is created as if the string has a trailing \n. */
388
954c1994 389/*
ccfc67b7
JH		 390=head1 Miscellaneous Functions
391
954c1994
GS		 392=for apidoc fbm_compile
393
394Analyses the string in order to make fast searches on it using fbm_instr()
395-- the Boyer-Moore algorithm.
396
397=cut
398*/
399
378cc40b 400void
7506f9c3 401Perl_fbm_compile(pTHX_ SV *sv, U32 flags)
378cc40b 402{
0d46e09a 403 register const U8 *s;
79072805 404 register U32 i;
0b71040e 405 STRLEN len;
79072805
LW		 406 I32 rarest = 0;
407 U32 frequency = 256;
408
c517dc2b 409 if (flags & FBMcf_TAIL) {
890ce7af 410 MAGIC * const mg = SvUTF8(sv) && SvMAGICAL(sv) ? mg_find(sv, PERL_MAGIC_utf8) : NULL;
cf93c79d 411 sv_catpvn(sv, "\n", 1); /* Taken into account in fbm_instr() */
c517dc2b
JH		 412 if (mg && mg->mg_len >= 0)
413 mg->mg_len++;
414 }
9cbe880b 415 s = (U8*)SvPV_force_mutable(sv, len);
862a34c6 416 SvUPGRADE(sv, SVt_PVBM);
d1be9408 417 if (len == 0) /* TAIL might be on a zero-length string. */
cf93c79d 418 return;
02128f11 419 if (len > 2) {
9cbe880b 420 const unsigned char *sb;
66a1b24b 421 const U8 mlen = (len>255) ? 255 : (U8)len;
890ce7af 422 register U8 *table;
cf93c79d 423
7506f9c3 424 Sv_Grow(sv, len + 256 + FBM_TABLE_OFFSET);
9cbe880b 425 table = (unsigned char*)(SvPVX_mutable(sv) + len + FBM_TABLE_OFFSET);
7506f9c3
GS		 426 s = table - 1 - FBM_TABLE_OFFSET; /* last char */
427 memset((void*)table, mlen, 256);
428 table[-1] = (U8)flags;
02128f11 429 i = 0;
7506f9c3 430 sb = s - mlen + 1; /* first char (maybe) */
cf93c79d
IZ		 431 while (s >= sb) {
432 if (table[*s] == mlen)
7506f9c3 433 table[*s] = (U8)i;
cf93c79d
IZ		 434 s--, i++;
435 }
378cc40b 436 }
14befaf4 437 sv_magic(sv, Nullsv, PERL_MAGIC_bm, Nullch, 0); /* deep magic */
79072805 438 SvVALID_on(sv);
378cc40b 439
9cbe880b 440 s = (const unsigned char*)(SvPVX_const(sv)); /* deeper magic */
bbce6d69 441 for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
22c35a8c 442 if (PL_freq[s[i]] < frequency) {
bbce6d69 443 rarest = i;
22c35a8c 444 frequency = PL_freq[s[i]];
378cc40b
LW		 445 }
446 }
79072805 447 BmRARE(sv) = s[rarest];
eb160463 448 BmPREVIOUS(sv) = (U16)rarest;
cf93c79d
IZ		 449 BmUSEFUL(sv) = 100; /* Initial value */
450 if (flags & FBMcf_TAIL)
451 SvTAIL_on(sv);
7506f9c3
GS		 452 DEBUG_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "rarest char %c at %d\n",
453 BmRARE(sv),BmPREVIOUS(sv)));
378cc40b
LW		 454}
455
cf93c79d
IZ		 456/* If SvTAIL(littlestr), it has a fake '\n' at end. */
457/* If SvTAIL is actually due to \Z or \z, this gives false positives
458 if multiline */
459
954c1994
GS		 460/*
461=for apidoc fbm_instr
462
463Returns the location of the SV in the string delimited by C<str> and
464C<strend>. It returns C<Nullch> if the string can't be found. The C<sv>
465does not have to be fbm_compiled, but the search will not be as fast
466then.
467
468=cut
469*/
470
378cc40b 471char *
864dbfa3 472Perl_fbm_instr(pTHX_ unsigned char *big, register unsigned char *bigend, SV *littlestr, U32 flags)
378cc40b 473{
a687059c 474 register unsigned char *s;
cf93c79d 475 STRLEN l;
9cbe880b
NC		 476 register const unsigned char *little
477 = (const unsigned char *)SvPV_const(littlestr,l);
cf93c79d 478 register STRLEN littlelen = l;
e1ec3a88 479 register const I32 multiline = flags & FBMrf_MULTILINE;
cf93c79d 480
eb160463 481 if ((STRLEN)(bigend - big) < littlelen) {
a1d180c4 482 if ( SvTAIL(littlestr)
eb160463 483 && ((STRLEN)(bigend - big) == littlelen - 1)
a1d180c4 484 && (littlelen == 1
12ae5dfc 485 || (*big == *little &&
27da23d5 486 memEQ((char *)big, (char *)little, littlelen - 1))))
cf93c79d
IZ		 487 return (char*)big;
488 return Nullch;
489 }
378cc40b 490
cf93c79d 491 if (littlelen <= 2) { /* Special-cased */
cf93c79d
IZ		 492
493 if (littlelen == 1) {
494 if (SvTAIL(littlestr) && !multiline) { /* Anchor only! */
495 /* Know that bigend != big. */
496 if (bigend[-1] == '\n')
497 return (char *)(bigend - 1);
498 return (char *) bigend;
499 }
500 s = big;
501 while (s < bigend) {
502 if (*s == *little)
503 return (char *)s;
504 s++;
505 }
506 if (SvTAIL(littlestr))
507 return (char *) bigend;
508 return Nullch;
509 }
510 if (!littlelen)
511 return (char*)big; /* Cannot be SvTAIL! */
512
513 /* littlelen is 2 */
514 if (SvTAIL(littlestr) && !multiline) {
515 if (bigend[-1] == '\n' && bigend[-2] == *little)
516 return (char*)bigend - 2;
517 if (bigend[-1] == *little)
518 return (char*)bigend - 1;
519 return Nullch;
520 }
521 {
522 /* This should be better than FBM if c1 == c2, and almost
523 as good otherwise: maybe better since we do less indirection.
524 And we save a lot of memory by caching no table. */
66a1b24b
AL		 525 const unsigned char c1 = little[0];
526 const unsigned char c2 = little[1];
cf93c79d
IZ		 527
528 s = big + 1;
529 bigend--;
530 if (c1 != c2) {
531 while (s <= bigend) {
532 if (s[0] == c2) {
533 if (s[-1] == c1)
534 return (char*)s - 1;
535 s += 2;
536 continue;
3fe6f2dc 537 }
cf93c79d
IZ		 538 next_chars:
539 if (s[0] == c1) {
540 if (s == bigend)
541 goto check_1char_anchor;
542 if (s[1] == c2)
543 return (char*)s;
544 else {
545 s++;
546 goto next_chars;
547 }
548 }
549 else
550 s += 2;
551 }
552 goto check_1char_anchor;
553 }
554 /* Now c1 == c2 */
555 while (s <= bigend) {
556 if (s[0] == c1) {
557 if (s[-1] == c1)
558 return (char*)s - 1;
559 if (s == bigend)
560 goto check_1char_anchor;
561 if (s[1] == c1)
562 return (char*)s;
563 s += 3;
02128f11 564 }
c277df42 565 else
cf93c79d 566 s += 2;
c277df42 567 }
c277df42 568 }
cf93c79d
IZ		 569 check_1char_anchor: /* One char and anchor! */
570 if (SvTAIL(littlestr) && (*bigend == *little))
571 return (char *)bigend; /* bigend is already decremented. */
572 return Nullch;
d48672a2 573 }
cf93c79d 574 if (SvTAIL(littlestr) && !multiline) { /* tail anchored? */
bbce6d69 575 s = bigend - littlelen;
a1d180c4 576 if (s >= big && bigend[-1] == '\n' && *s == *little
cf93c79d
IZ		 577 /* Automatically of length > 2 */
578 && memEQ((char*)s + 1, (char*)little + 1, littlelen - 2))
7506f9c3 579 {
bbce6d69 580 return (char*)s; /* how sweet it is */
7506f9c3
GS		 581 }
582 if (s[1] == *little
583 && memEQ((char*)s + 2, (char*)little + 1, littlelen - 2))
584 {
cf93c79d 585 return (char*)s + 1; /* how sweet it is */
7506f9c3 586 }
02128f11
IZ		 587 return Nullch;
588 }
cf93c79d 589 if (SvTYPE(littlestr) != SVt_PVBM || !SvVALID(littlestr)) {
c4420975 590 char * const b = ninstr((char*)big,(char*)bigend,
cf93c79d
IZ		 591 (char*)little, (char*)little + littlelen);
592
593 if (!b && SvTAIL(littlestr)) { /* Automatically multiline! */
594 /* Chop \n from littlestr: */
595 s = bigend - littlelen + 1;
7506f9c3
GS		 596 if (*s == *little
597 && memEQ((char*)s + 1, (char*)little + 1, littlelen - 2))
598 {
3fe6f2dc 599 return (char*)s;
7506f9c3 600 }
cf93c79d 601 return Nullch;
a687059c 602 }
cf93c79d 603 return b;
a687059c 604 }
a1d180c4 605
cf93c79d 606 { /* Do actual FBM. */
c4420975 607 register const unsigned char * const table = little + littlelen + FBM_TABLE_OFFSET;
0d46e09a 608 register const unsigned char *oldlittle;
cf93c79d 609
eb160463 610 if (littlelen > (STRLEN)(bigend - big))
cf93c79d
IZ		 611 return Nullch;
612 --littlelen; /* Last char found by table lookup */
613
614 s = big + littlelen;
615 little += littlelen; /* last char */
616 oldlittle = little;
617 if (s < bigend) {
618 register I32 tmp;
619
620 top2:
7506f9c3 621 if ((tmp = table[*s])) {
cf93c79d 622 if ((s += tmp) < bigend)
62b28dd9 623 goto top2;
cf93c79d
IZ		 624 goto check_end;
625 }
626 else { /* less expensive than calling strncmp() */
66a1b24b 627 register unsigned char * const olds = s;
cf93c79d
IZ		 628
629 tmp = littlelen;
630
631 while (tmp--) {
632 if (*--s == *--little)
633 continue;
cf93c79d
IZ		 634 s = olds + 1; /* here we pay the price for failure */
635 little = oldlittle;
636 if (s < bigend) /* fake up continue to outer loop */
637 goto top2;
638 goto check_end;
639 }
640 return (char *)s;
a687059c 641 }
378cc40b 642 }
cf93c79d
IZ		 643 check_end:
644 if ( s == bigend && (table[-1] & FBMcf_TAIL)
12ae5dfc
JH		 645 && memEQ((char *)(bigend - littlelen),
646 (char *)(oldlittle - littlelen), littlelen) )
cf93c79d
IZ		 647 return (char*)bigend - littlelen;
648 return Nullch;
378cc40b 649 }
378cc40b
LW		 650}
651
c277df42
IZ		 652/* start_shift, end_shift are positive quantities which give offsets
653 of ends of some substring of bigstr.
a0288114 654 If "last" we want the last occurrence.
c277df42 655 old_posp is the way of communication between consequent calls if
a1d180c4 656 the next call needs to find the .
c277df42 657 The initial *old_posp should be -1.
cf93c79d
IZ		 658
659 Note that we take into account SvTAIL, so one can get extra
660 optimizations if _ALL flag is set.
c277df42
IZ		 661 */
662
cf93c79d 663/* If SvTAIL is actually due to \Z or \z, this gives false positives
26fa51c3 664 if PL_multiline. In fact if !PL_multiline the authoritative answer
cf93c79d
IZ		 665 is not supported yet. */
666
378cc40b 667char *
864dbfa3 668Perl_screaminstr(pTHX_ SV *bigstr, SV *littlestr, I32 start_shift, I32 end_shift, I32 *old_posp, I32 last)
378cc40b 669{
0d46e09a 670 register const unsigned char *big;
79072805
LW		 671 register I32 pos;
672 register I32 previous;
673 register I32 first;
0d46e09a 674 register const unsigned char *little;
c277df42 675 register I32 stop_pos;
0d46e09a 676 register const unsigned char *littleend;
c277df42 677 I32 found = 0;
378cc40b 678
c277df42 679 if (*old_posp == -1
3280af22 680 ? (pos = PL_screamfirst[BmRARE(littlestr)]) < 0
cf93c79d
IZ		 681 : (((pos = *old_posp), pos += PL_screamnext[pos]) == 0)) {
682 cant_find:
a1d180c4 683 if ( BmRARE(littlestr) == '\n'
cf93c79d 684 && BmPREVIOUS(littlestr) == SvCUR(littlestr) - 1) {
cfd0369c 685 little = (const unsigned char *)(SvPVX_const(littlestr));
cf93c79d
IZ		 686 littleend = little + SvCUR(littlestr);
687 first = *little++;
688 goto check_tail;
689 }
378cc40b 690 return Nullch;
cf93c79d
IZ		 691 }
692
cfd0369c 693 little = (const unsigned char *)(SvPVX_const(littlestr));
79072805 694 littleend = little + SvCUR(littlestr);
378cc40b 695 first = *little++;
c277df42 696 /* The value of pos we can start at: */
79072805 697 previous = BmPREVIOUS(littlestr);
cfd0369c 698 big = (const unsigned char *)(SvPVX_const(bigstr));
c277df42
IZ		 699 /* The value of pos we can stop at: */
700 stop_pos = SvCUR(bigstr) - end_shift - (SvCUR(littlestr) - 1 - previous);
cf93c79d 701 if (previous + start_shift > stop_pos) {
0fe87f7c
HS		 702/*
703 stop_pos does not include SvTAIL in the count, so this check is incorrect
704 (I think) - see [ID 20010618.006] and t/op/study.t. HVDS 2001/06/19
705*/
706#if 0
cf93c79d
IZ		 707 if (previous + start_shift == stop_pos + 1) /* A fake '\n'? */
708 goto check_tail;
0fe87f7c 709#endif
cf93c79d
IZ		 710 return Nullch;
711 }
c277df42 712 while (pos < previous + start_shift) {
3280af22 713 if (!(pos += PL_screamnext[pos]))
cf93c79d 714 goto cant_find;
378cc40b 715 }
de3bb511 716 big -= previous;
bbce6d69 717 do {
0d46e09a 718 register const unsigned char *s, *x;
ef64f398 719 if (pos >= stop_pos) break;
bbce6d69 720 if (big[pos] != first)
721 continue;
722 for (x=big+pos+1,s=little; s < littleend; /**/ ) {
bbce6d69 723 if (*s++ != *x++) {
724 s--;
725 break;
378cc40b 726 }
bbce6d69 727 }
c277df42
IZ		 728 if (s == littleend) {
729 *old_posp = pos;
730 if (!last) return (char *)(big+pos);
731 found = 1;
732 }
3280af22 733 } while ( pos += PL_screamnext[pos] );
a1d180c4 734 if (last && found)
cf93c79d 735 return (char *)(big+(*old_posp));
cf93c79d
IZ		 736 check_tail:
737 if (!SvTAIL(littlestr) || (end_shift > 0))
738 return Nullch;
739 /* Ignore the trailing "\n". This code is not microoptimized */
cfd0369c 740 big = (const unsigned char *)(SvPVX_const(bigstr) + SvCUR(bigstr));
cf93c79d
IZ		 741 stop_pos = littleend - little; /* Actual littlestr len */
742 if (stop_pos == 0)
743 return (char*)big;
744 big -= stop_pos;
745 if (*big == first
12ae5dfc
JH		 746 && ((stop_pos == 1) ||
747 memEQ((char *)(big + 1), (char *)little, stop_pos - 1)))
cf93c79d
IZ		 748 return (char*)big;
749 return Nullch;
8d063cd8
LW		 750}
751
79072805 752I32
864dbfa3 753Perl_ibcmp(pTHX_ const char *s1, const char *s2, register I32 len)
79072805 754{
e1ec3a88
AL		 755 register const U8 *a = (const U8 *)s1;
756 register const U8 *b = (const U8 *)s2;
79072805 757 while (len--) {
22c35a8c 758 if (*a != *b && *a != PL_fold[*b])
bbce6d69 759 return 1;
760 a++,b++;
761 }
762 return 0;
763}
764
765I32
864dbfa3 766Perl_ibcmp_locale(pTHX_ const char *s1, const char *s2, register I32 len)
bbce6d69 767{
27da23d5 768 dVAR;
e1ec3a88
AL		 769 register const U8 *a = (const U8 *)s1;
770 register const U8 *b = (const U8 *)s2;
bbce6d69 771 while (len--) {
22c35a8c 772 if (*a != *b && *a != PL_fold_locale[*b])
bbce6d69 773 return 1;
774 a++,b++;
79072805
LW		 775 }
776 return 0;
777}
778
8d063cd8
LW		 779/* copy a string to a safe spot */
780
954c1994 781/*
ccfc67b7
JH		 782=head1 Memory Management
783
954c1994
GS		 784=for apidoc savepv
785
61a925ed
AMS		 786Perl's version of C<strdup()>. Returns a pointer to a newly allocated
787string which is a duplicate of C<pv>. The size of the string is
788determined by C<strlen()>. The memory allocated for the new string can
789be freed with the C<Safefree()> function.
954c1994
GS		 790
791=cut
792*/
793
8d063cd8 794char *
efdfce31 795Perl_savepv(pTHX_ const char *pv)
8d063cd8 796{
e90e2364
NC		 797 if (!pv)
798 return Nullch;
66a1b24b
AL		 799 else {
800 char *newaddr;
801 const STRLEN pvlen = strlen(pv)+1;
a02a5408 802 Newx(newaddr,pvlen,char);
490a0e98 803 return memcpy(newaddr,pv,pvlen);
66a1b24b 804 }
e90e2364 805
8d063cd8
LW		 806}
807
a687059c
LW		 808/* same thing but with a known length */
809
954c1994
GS		 810/*
811=for apidoc savepvn
812
61a925ed
AMS		 813Perl's version of what C<strndup()> would be if it existed. Returns a
814pointer to a newly allocated string which is a duplicate of the first
815C<len> bytes from C<pv>. The memory allocated for the new string can be
816freed with the C<Safefree()> function.
954c1994
GS		 817
818=cut
819*/
820
a687059c 821char *
efdfce31 822Perl_savepvn(pTHX_ const char *pv, register I32 len)
a687059c
LW		 823{
824 register char *newaddr;
825
a02a5408 826 Newx(newaddr,len+1,char);
92110913 827 /* Give a meaning to NULL pointer mainly for the use in sv_magic() */
efdfce31 828 if (pv) {
e90e2364
NC		 829 /* might not be null terminated */
830 newaddr[len] = '\0';
07409e01 831 return (char *) CopyD(pv,newaddr,len,char);
92110913
NIS		 832 }
833 else {
07409e01 834 return (char *) ZeroD(newaddr,len+1,char);
92110913 835 }
a687059c
LW		 836}
837
05ec9bb3
NIS		 838/*
839=for apidoc savesharedpv
840
61a925ed
AMS		 841A version of C<savepv()> which allocates the duplicate string in memory
842which is shared between threads.
05ec9bb3
NIS		 843
844=cut
845*/
846char *
efdfce31 847Perl_savesharedpv(pTHX_ const char *pv)
05ec9bb3 848{
e90e2364 849 register char *newaddr;
490a0e98 850 STRLEN pvlen;
e90e2364
NC		 851 if (!pv)
852 return Nullch;
853
490a0e98
NC		 854 pvlen = strlen(pv)+1;
855 newaddr = (char*)PerlMemShared_malloc(pvlen);
e90e2364 856 if (!newaddr) {
0bd48802 857 return write_no_mem();
05ec9bb3 858 }
490a0e98 859 return memcpy(newaddr,pv,pvlen);
05ec9bb3
NIS		 860}
861
2e0de35c
NC		 862/*
863=for apidoc savesvpv
864
6832267f 865A version of C<savepv()>/C<savepvn()> which gets the string to duplicate from
2e0de35c
NC		 866the passed in SV using C<SvPV()>
867
868=cut
869*/
870
871char *
872Perl_savesvpv(pTHX_ SV *sv)
873{
874 STRLEN len;
7452cf6a 875 const char * const pv = SvPV_const(sv, len);
2e0de35c
NC		 876 register char *newaddr;
877
26866f99 878 ++len;
a02a5408 879 Newx(newaddr,len,char);
07409e01 880 return (char *) CopyD(pv,newaddr,len,char);
2e0de35c 881}
05ec9bb3
NIS		 882
883
cea2e8a9 884/* the SV for Perl_form() and mess() is not kept in an arena */
fc36a67e 885
76e3520e 886STATIC SV *
cea2e8a9 887S_mess_alloc(pTHX)
fc36a67e 888{
889 SV *sv;
890 XPVMG *any;
891
e72dc28c
GS		 892 if (!PL_dirty)
893 return sv_2mortal(newSVpvn("",0));
894
0372dbb6
GS		 895 if (PL_mess_sv)
896 return PL_mess_sv;
897
fc36a67e 898 /* Create as PVMG now, to avoid any upgrading later */
a02a5408
JC		 899 Newx(sv, 1, SV);
900 Newxz(any, 1, XPVMG);
fc36a67e 901 SvFLAGS(sv) = SVt_PVMG;
902 SvANY(sv) = (void*)any;
cace1726 903 SvPV_set(sv, 0);
fc36a67e 904 SvREFCNT(sv) = 1 << 30; /* practically infinite */
e72dc28c 905 PL_mess_sv = sv;
fc36a67e 906 return sv;
907}
908
c5be433b 909#if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
cea2e8a9
GS		 910char *
911Perl_form_nocontext(const char* pat, ...)
912{
913 dTHX;
c5be433b 914 char *retval;
cea2e8a9
GS		 915 va_list args;
916 va_start(args, pat);
c5be433b 917 retval = vform(pat, &args);
cea2e8a9 918 va_end(args);
c5be433b 919 return retval;
cea2e8a9 920}
c5be433b 921#endif /* PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT */
cea2e8a9 922
7c9e965c 923/*
ccfc67b7 924=head1 Miscellaneous Functions
7c9e965c
JP		 925=for apidoc form
926
927Takes a sprintf-style format pattern and conventional
928(non-SV) arguments and returns the formatted string.
929
930 (char *) Perl_form(pTHX_ const char* pat, ...)
931
932can be used any place a string (char *) is required:
933
934 char * s = Perl_form("%d.%d",major,minor);
935
936Uses a single private buffer so if you want to format several strings you
937must explicitly copy the earlier strings away (and free the copies when you
938are done).
939
940=cut
941*/
942
8990e307 943char *
864dbfa3 944Perl_form(pTHX_ const char* pat, ...)
8990e307 945{
c5be433b 946 char *retval;
46fc3d4c 947 va_list args;
46fc3d4c 948 va_start(args, pat);
c5be433b 949 retval = vform(pat, &args);
46fc3d4c 950 va_end(args);
c5be433b
GS		 951 return retval;
952}
953
954char *
955Perl_vform(pTHX_ const char *pat, va_list *args)
956{
2d03de9c 957 SV * const sv = mess_alloc();
c5be433b 958 sv_vsetpvfn(sv, pat, strlen(pat), args, Null(SV**), 0, Null(bool*));
e72dc28c 959 return SvPVX(sv);
46fc3d4c 960}
a687059c 961
5a844595
GS		 962#if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
963SV *
964Perl_mess_nocontext(const char *pat, ...)
965{
966 dTHX;
967 SV *retval;
968 va_list args;
969 va_start(args, pat);
970 retval = vmess(pat, &args);
971 va_end(args);
972 return retval;
973}
974#endif /* PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT */
975
06bf62c7 976SV *
5a844595
GS		 977Perl_mess(pTHX_ const char *pat, ...)
978{
979 SV *retval;
980 va_list args;
981 va_start(args, pat);
982 retval = vmess(pat, &args);
983 va_end(args);
984 return retval;
985}
986
ae7d165c 987STATIC COP*
8772537c 988S_closest_cop(pTHX_ COP *cop, const OP *o)
ae7d165c
PJ		 989{
990 /* Look for PL_op starting from o. cop is the last COP we've seen. */
991
992 if (!o || o == PL_op) return cop;
993
994 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
995 OP *kid;
996 for (kid = cUNOPo->op_first; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
997 {
998 COP *new_cop;
999
1000 /* If the OP_NEXTSTATE has been optimised away we can still use it
1001 * the get the file and line number. */
1002
1003 if (kid->op_type == OP_NULL && kid->op_targ == OP_NEXTSTATE)
1004 cop = (COP *)kid;
1005
1006 /* Keep searching, and return when we've found something. */
1007
1008 new_cop = closest_cop(cop, kid);
1009 if (new_cop) return new_cop;
1010 }
1011 }
1012
1013 /* Nothing found. */
1014
8772537c 1015 return Null(COP *);
ae7d165c
PJ		 1016}
1017
5a844595
GS		 1018SV *
1019Perl_vmess(pTHX_ const char *pat, va_list *args)
46fc3d4c 1020{
c4420975 1021 SV * const sv = mess_alloc();
27da23d5 1022 static const char dgd[] = " during global destruction.\n";
46fc3d4c 1023
fc36a67e 1024 sv_vsetpvfn(sv, pat, strlen(pat), args, Null(SV**), 0, Null(bool*));
46fc3d4c 1025 if (!SvCUR(sv) || *(SvEND(sv) - 1) != '\n') {
ae7d165c
PJ		 1026
1027 /*
1028 * Try and find the file and line for PL_op. This will usually be
1029 * PL_curcop, but it might be a cop that has been optimised away. We
1030 * can try to find such a cop by searching through the optree starting
1031 * from the sibling of PL_curcop.
1032 */
1033
e1ec3a88 1034 const COP *cop = closest_cop(PL_curcop, PL_curcop->op_sibling);
ae7d165c
PJ		 1035 if (!cop) cop = PL_curcop;
1036
1037 if (CopLINE(cop))
ed094faf 1038 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ sv, " at %s line %"IVdf,
3aed30dc 1039 OutCopFILE(cop), (IV)CopLINE(cop));
2035c5e8 1040 if (GvIO(PL_last_in_gv) && IoLINES(GvIOp(PL_last_in_gv))) {
e1ec3a88 1041 const bool line_mode = (RsSIMPLE(PL_rs) &&
95a20fc0 1042 SvCUR(PL_rs) == 1 && *SvPVX_const(PL_rs) == '\n');
57def98f 1043 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ sv, ", <%s> %s %"IVdf,
edc2eac3
JH		 1044 PL_last_in_gv == PL_argvgv ?
1045 "" : GvNAME(PL_last_in_gv),
1046 line_mode ? "line" : "chunk",
1047 (IV)IoLINES(GvIOp(PL_last_in_gv)));
a687059c 1048 }
515f54a1 1049 sv_catpv(sv, PL_dirty ? dgd : ".\n");
a687059c 1050 }
06bf62c7 1051 return sv;
a687059c
LW		 1052}
1053
7ff03255
SG		 1054void
1055Perl_write_to_stderr(pTHX_ const char* message, int msglen)
1056{
27da23d5 1057 dVAR;
7ff03255
SG		 1058 IO *io;
1059 MAGIC *mg;
1060
1061 if (PL_stderrgv && SvREFCNT(PL_stderrgv)
1062 && (io = GvIO(PL_stderrgv))
1063 && (mg = SvTIED_mg((SV*)io, PERL_MAGIC_tiedscalar)))
1064 {
1065 dSP;
1066 ENTER;
1067 SAVETMPS;
1068
1069 save_re_context();
1070 SAVESPTR(PL_stderrgv);
1071 PL_stderrgv = Nullgv;
1072
1073 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_MAGIC);
1074
1075 PUSHMARK(SP);
1076 EXTEND(SP,2);
1077 PUSHs(SvTIED_obj((SV*)io, mg));
1078 PUSHs(sv_2mortal(newSVpvn(message, msglen)));
1079 PUTBACK;
1080 call_method("PRINT", G_SCALAR);
1081
1082 POPSTACK;
1083 FREETMPS;
1084 LEAVE;
1085 }
1086 else {
1087#ifdef USE_SFIO
1088 /* SFIO can really mess with your errno */
53c1dcc0 1089 const int e = errno;
7ff03255 1090#endif
53c1dcc0 1091 PerlIO * const serr = Perl_error_log;
7ff03255
SG		 1092
1093 PERL_WRITE_MSG_TO_CONSOLE(serr, message, msglen);
1094 (void)PerlIO_flush(serr);
1095#ifdef USE_SFIO
1096 errno = e;
1097#endif
1098 }
1099}
1100
3ab1ac99
NC		 1101/* Common code used by vcroak, vdie and vwarner */
1102
e07360fa 1103STATIC void
63315e18
NC		 1104S_vdie_common(pTHX_ const char *message, STRLEN msglen, I32 utf8)
1105{
1106 HV *stash;
1107 GV *gv;
1108 CV *cv;
1109 /* sv_2cv might call Perl_croak() */
890ce7af 1110 SV * const olddiehook = PL_diehook;
63315e18
NC		 1111
1112 assert(PL_diehook);
1113 ENTER;
1114 SAVESPTR(PL_diehook);
1115 PL_diehook = Nullsv;
1116 cv = sv_2cv(olddiehook, &stash, &gv, 0);
1117 LEAVE;
1118 if (cv && !CvDEPTH(cv) && (CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv))) {
1119 dSP;
1120 SV *msg;
1121
1122 ENTER;
1123 save_re_context();
1124 if (message) {
1125 msg = newSVpvn(message, msglen);
1126 SvFLAGS(msg) |= utf8;
1127 SvREADONLY_on(msg);
1128 SAVEFREESV(msg);
1129 }
1130 else {
1131 msg = ERRSV;
1132 }
1133
1134 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_DIEHOOK);
1135 PUSHMARK(SP);
1136 XPUSHs(msg);
1137 PUTBACK;
1138 call_sv((SV*)cv, G_DISCARD);
1139 POPSTACK;
1140 LEAVE;
1141 }
1142}
1143
cfd0369c 1144STATIC const char *
e07360fa
AT		 1145S_vdie_croak_common(pTHX_ const char* pat, va_list* args, STRLEN* msglen,
1146 I32* utf8)
1147{
1148 dVAR;
cfd0369c 1149 const char *message;
e07360fa
AT		 1150
1151 if (pat) {
890ce7af 1152 SV * const msv = vmess(pat, args);
e07360fa
AT		 1153 if (PL_errors && SvCUR(PL_errors)) {
1154 sv_catsv(PL_errors, msv);
cfd0369c 1155 message = SvPV_const(PL_errors, *msglen);
e07360fa
AT		 1156 SvCUR_set(PL_errors, 0);
1157 }
1158 else
cfd0369c 1159 message = SvPV_const(msv,*msglen);
e07360fa
AT		 1160 *utf8 = SvUTF8(msv);
1161 }
1162 else {
1163 message = Nullch;
1164 }
1165
1166 DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
1167 "%p: die/croak: message = %s\ndiehook = %p\n",
1168 thr, message, PL_diehook));
1169 if (PL_diehook) {
1170 S_vdie_common(aTHX_ message, *msglen, *utf8);
1171 }
1172 return message;
1173}
1174
c5be433b
GS		 1175OP *
1176Perl_vdie(pTHX_ const char* pat, va_list *args)
36477c24 1177{
73d840c0 1178 const char *message;
e1ec3a88 1179 const int was_in_eval = PL_in_eval;
06bf62c7 1180 STRLEN msglen;
ff882698 1181 I32 utf8 = 0;
36477c24 1182
bf49b057 1183 DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
199100c8 1184 "%p: die: curstack = %p, mainstack = %p\n",
533c011a 1185 thr, PL_curstack, PL_mainstack));
36477c24 1186
890ce7af 1187 message = vdie_croak_common(pat, args, &msglen, &utf8);
36477c24 1188
06bf62c7 1189 PL_restartop = die_where(message, msglen);
ff882698 1190 SvFLAGS(ERRSV) |= utf8;
bf49b057 1191 DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
7c06b590 1192 "%p: die: restartop = %p, was_in_eval = %d, top_env = %p\n",
533c011a 1193 thr, PL_restartop, was_in_eval, PL_top_env));
3280af22 1194 if ((!PL_restartop && was_in_eval) || PL_top_env->je_prev)
6224f72b 1195 JMPENV_JUMP(3);
3280af22 1196 return PL_restartop;
36477c24 1197}
1198
c5be433b 1199#if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
cea2e8a9
GS		 1200OP *
1201Perl_die_nocontext(const char* pat, ...)
a687059c 1202{
cea2e8a9
GS		 1203 dTHX;
1204 OP *o;
a687059c 1205 va_list args;
cea2e8a9 1206 va_start(args, pat);
c5be433b 1207 o = vdie(pat, &args);
cea2e8a9
GS		 1208 va_end(args);
1209 return o;
1210}
c5be433b 1211#endif /* PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT */
cea2e8a9
GS		 1212
1213OP *
1214Perl_die(pTHX_ const char* pat, ...)
1215{
1216 OP *o;
1217 va_list args;
1218 va_start(args, pat);
c5be433b 1219 o = vdie(pat, &args);
cea2e8a9
GS		 1220 va_end(args);
1221 return o;
1222}
1223
c5be433b
GS		 1224void
1225Perl_vcroak(pTHX_ const char* pat, va_list *args)
cea2e8a9 1226{
73d840c0 1227 const char *message;
06bf62c7 1228 STRLEN msglen;
ff882698 1229 I32 utf8 = 0;
a687059c 1230
3ab1ac99 1231 message = S_vdie_croak_common(aTHX_ pat, args, &msglen, &utf8);
5a844595 1232
3280af22 1233 if (PL_in_eval) {
06bf62c7 1234 PL_restartop = die_where(message, msglen);
ff882698 1235 SvFLAGS(ERRSV) |= utf8;
6224f72b 1236 JMPENV_JUMP(3);
a0d0e21e 1237 }
84414e3e 1238 else if (!message)
cfd0369c 1239 message = SvPVx_const(ERRSV, msglen);
84414e3e 1240
7ff03255 1241 write_to_stderr(message, msglen);
f86702cc 1242 my_failure_exit();
a687059c
LW		 1243}
1244
c5be433b 1245#if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
8990e307 1246void
cea2e8a9 1247Perl_croak_nocontext(const char *pat, ...)
a687059c 1248{
cea2e8a9 1249 dTHX;
a687059c 1250 va_list args;
cea2e8a9 1251 va_start(args, pat);
c5be433b 1252 vcroak(pat, &args);
cea2e8a9
GS		 1253 /* NOTREACHED */
1254 va_end(args);
1255}
1256#endif /* PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT */
1257
954c1994 1258/*
ccfc67b7
JH		 1259=head1 Warning and Dieing
1260
954c1994
GS		 1261=for apidoc croak
1262
9983fa3c 1263This is the XSUB-writer's interface to Perl's C<die> function.
966353fd
MF		 1264Normally call this function the same way you call the C C<printf>
1265function. Calling C<croak> returns control directly to Perl,
1266sidestepping the normal C order of execution. See C<warn>.
9983fa3c
GS		 1267
1268If you want to throw an exception object, assign the object to
1269C<$@> and then pass C<Nullch> to croak():
1270
1271 errsv = get_sv("@", TRUE);
1272 sv_setsv(errsv, exception_object);
1273 croak(Nullch);
954c1994
GS		 1274
1275=cut
1276*/
1277
cea2e8a9
GS		 1278void
1279Perl_croak(pTHX_ const char *pat, ...)
1280{
1281 va_list args;
1282 va_start(args, pat);
c5be433b 1283 vcroak(pat, &args);
cea2e8a9
GS		 1284 /* NOTREACHED */
1285 va_end(args);
1286}
1287
c5be433b
GS		 1288void
1289Perl_vwarn(pTHX_ const char* pat, va_list *args)
cea2e8a9 1290{
27da23d5 1291 dVAR;
06bf62c7 1292 STRLEN msglen;
53c1dcc0
AL		 1293 SV * const msv = vmess(pat, args);
1294 const I32 utf8 = SvUTF8(msv);
1295 const char * const message = SvPV_const(msv, msglen);
a687059c 1296
3280af22 1297 if (PL_warnhook) {
cea2e8a9 1298 /* sv_2cv might call Perl_warn() */
53c1dcc0
AL		 1299 SV * const oldwarnhook = PL_warnhook;
1300 CV * cv;
1301 HV * stash;
1302 GV * gv;
1303
1738f5c4 1304 ENTER;
3280af22
NIS		 1305 SAVESPTR(PL_warnhook);
1306 PL_warnhook = Nullsv;
20cec16a 1307 cv = sv_2cv(oldwarnhook, &stash, &gv, 0);
1738f5c4
CS		 1308 LEAVE;
1309 if (cv && !CvDEPTH(cv) && (CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv))) {
20cec16a 1310 dSP;
774d564b 1311 SV *msg;
1312
1313 ENTER;
c5be5b4d
DM		 1314 SAVESPTR(PL_warnhook);
1315 PL_warnhook = Nullsv;
3a1f2dc9 1316 save_re_context();
06bf62c7 1317 msg = newSVpvn(message, msglen);
ff882698 1318 SvFLAGS(msg) |= utf8;
774d564b 1319 SvREADONLY_on(msg);
1320 SAVEFREESV(msg);
1321
e788e7d3 1322 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_WARNHOOK);
924508f0 1323 PUSHMARK(SP);
774d564b 1324 XPUSHs(msg);
20cec16a 1325 PUTBACK;
864dbfa3 1326 call_sv((SV*)cv, G_DISCARD);
d3acc0f7 1327 POPSTACK;
774d564b 1328 LEAVE;
20cec16a 1329 return;
1330 }
748a9306 1331 }
87582a92 1332
7ff03255 1333 write_to_stderr(message, msglen);
a687059c 1334}
8d063cd8 1335
c5be433b 1336#if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
cea2e8a9
GS		 1337void
1338Perl_warn_nocontext(const char *pat, ...)
1339{
1340 dTHX;
1341 va_list args;
1342 va_start(args, pat);
c5be433b 1343 vwarn(pat, &args);
cea2e8a9
GS		 1344 va_end(args);
1345}
1346#endif /* PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT */
1347
954c1994
GS		 1348/*
1349=for apidoc warn
1350
966353fd
MF		 1351This is the XSUB-writer's interface to Perl's C<warn> function. Call this
1352function the same way you call the C C<printf> function. See C<croak>.
954c1994
GS		 1353
1354=cut
1355*/
1356
cea2e8a9
GS		 1357void
1358Perl_warn(pTHX_ const char *pat, ...)
1359{
1360 va_list args;
1361 va_start(args, pat);
c5be433b 1362 vwarn(pat, &args);
cea2e8a9
GS		 1363 va_end(args);
1364}
1365
c5be433b
GS		 1366#if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
1367void
1368Perl_warner_nocontext(U32 err, const char *pat, ...)
1369{
27da23d5 1370 dTHX;
c5be433b
GS		 1371 va_list args;
1372 va_start(args, pat);
1373 vwarner(err, pat, &args);
1374 va_end(args);
1375}
1376#endif /* PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT */
1377
599cee73 1378void
864dbfa3 1379Perl_warner(pTHX_ U32 err, const char* pat,...)
599cee73
PM		 1380{
1381 va_list args;
c5be433b
GS		 1382 va_start(args, pat);
1383 vwarner(err, pat, &args);
1384 va_end(args);
1385}
1386
1387void
1388Perl_vwarner(pTHX_ U32 err, const char* pat, va_list* args)
1389{
27da23d5 1390 dVAR;
d13b0d77 1391 if (ckDEAD(err)) {
a3b680e6 1392 SV * const msv = vmess(pat, args);
d13b0d77 1393 STRLEN msglen;
7452cf6a 1394 const char * const message = SvPV_const(msv, msglen);
a3b680e6 1395 const I32 utf8 = SvUTF8(msv);
599cee73 1396
3aed30dc 1397 if (PL_diehook) {
63315e18
NC		 1398 assert(message);
1399 S_vdie_common(aTHX_ message, msglen, utf8);
3aed30dc
HS		 1400 }
1401 if (PL_in_eval) {
1402 PL_restartop = die_where(message, msglen);
ff882698 1403 SvFLAGS(ERRSV) |= utf8;
3aed30dc
HS		 1404 JMPENV_JUMP(3);
1405 }
7ff03255 1406 write_to_stderr(message, msglen);
3aed30dc 1407 my_failure_exit();
599cee73
PM		 1408 }
1409 else {
d13b0d77 1410 Perl_vwarn(aTHX_ pat, args);
599cee73
PM		 1411 }
1412}
1413
f54ba1c2
DM		 1414/* implements the ckWARN? macros */
1415
1416bool
1417Perl_ckwarn(pTHX_ U32 w)
1418{
1419 return
1420 (
1421 isLEXWARN_on
1422 && PL_curcop->cop_warnings != pWARN_NONE
1423 && (
1424 PL_curcop->cop_warnings == pWARN_ALL
1425 || isWARN_on(PL_curcop->cop_warnings, unpackWARN1(w))
1426 || (unpackWARN2(w) &&
1427 isWARN_on(PL_curcop->cop_warnings, unpackWARN2(w)))
1428 || (unpackWARN3(w) &&
1429 isWARN_on(PL_curcop->cop_warnings, unpackWARN3(w)))
1430 || (unpackWARN4(w) &&
1431 isWARN_on(PL_curcop->cop_warnings, unpackWARN4(w)))
1432 )
1433 )
1434 ||
1435 (
1436 isLEXWARN_off && PL_dowarn & G_WARN_ON
1437 )
1438 ;
1439}
1440
1441/* implements the ckWARN?_d macro */
1442
1443bool
1444Perl_ckwarn_d(pTHX_ U32 w)
1445{
1446 return
1447 isLEXWARN_off
1448 || PL_curcop->cop_warnings == pWARN_ALL
1449 || (
1450 PL_curcop->cop_warnings != pWARN_NONE
1451 && (
1452 isWARN_on(PL_curcop->cop_warnings, unpackWARN1(w))
1453 || (unpackWARN2(w) &&
1454 isWARN_on(PL_curcop->cop_warnings, unpackWARN2(w)))
1455 || (unpackWARN3(w) &&
1456 isWARN_on(PL_curcop->cop_warnings, unpackWARN3(w)))
1457 || (unpackWARN4(w) &&
1458 isWARN_on(PL_curcop->cop_warnings, unpackWARN4(w)))
1459 )
1460 )
1461 ;
1462}
1463
1464
1465
e6587932
DM		 1466/* since we've already done strlen() for both nam and val
1467 * we can use that info to make things faster than
1468 * sprintf(s, "%s=%s", nam, val)
1469 */
1470#define my_setenv_format(s, nam, nlen, val, vlen) \
1471 Copy(nam, s, nlen, char); \
1472 *(s+nlen) = '='; \
1473 Copy(val, s+(nlen+1), vlen, char); \
1474 *(s+(nlen+1+vlen)) = '\0'
1475
13b6e58c 1476#ifdef USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY
eccd403f 1477 /* VMS' my_setenv() is in vms.c */
2986a63f 1478#if !defined(WIN32) && !defined(NETWARE)
8d063cd8 1479void
e1ec3a88 1480Perl_my_setenv(pTHX_ const char *nam, const char *val)
8d063cd8 1481{
27da23d5 1482 dVAR;
4efc5df6
GS		 1483#ifdef USE_ITHREADS
1484 /* only parent thread can modify process environment */
1485 if (PL_curinterp == aTHX)
1486#endif
1487 {
f2517201 1488#ifndef PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV
50acdf95 1489 if (!PL_use_safe_putenv) {
f2517201 1490 /* most putenv()s leak, so we manipulate environ directly */
79072805 1491 register I32 i=setenv_getix(nam); /* where does it go? */
e6587932 1492 int nlen, vlen;
8d063cd8 1493
3280af22 1494 if (environ == PL_origenviron) { /* need we copy environment? */
79072805
LW		 1495 I32 j;
1496 I32 max;
fe14fcc3
LW		 1497 char **tmpenv;
1498
1499 for (max = i; environ[max]; max++) ;
f2517201
GS		 1500 tmpenv = (char**)safesysmalloc((max+2) * sizeof(char*));
1501 for (j=0; j<max; j++) { /* copy environment */
e1ec3a88 1502 const int len = strlen(environ[j]);
3aed30dc
HS		 1503 tmpenv[j] = (char*)safesysmalloc((len+1)*sizeof(char));
1504 Copy(environ[j], tmpenv[j], len+1, char);
f2517201 1505 }
fe14fcc3
LW		 1506 tmpenv[max] = Nullch;
1507 environ = tmpenv; /* tell exec where it is now */
1508 }
a687059c 1509 if (!val) {
f2517201 1510 safesysfree(environ[i]);
a687059c
LW		 1511 while (environ[i]) {
1512 environ[i] = environ[i+1];
1513 i++;
1514 }
1515 return;
1516 }
8d063cd8 1517 if (!environ[i]) { /* does not exist yet */
f2517201 1518 environ = (char**)safesysrealloc(environ, (i+2) * sizeof(char*));
8d063cd8
LW		 1519 environ[i+1] = Nullch; /* make sure it's null terminated */
1520 }
fe14fcc3 1521 else
f2517201 1522 safesysfree(environ[i]);
e6587932
DM		 1523 nlen = strlen(nam);
1524 vlen = strlen(val);
f2517201 1525
e6587932
DM		 1526 environ[i] = (char*)safesysmalloc((nlen+vlen+2) * sizeof(char));
1527 /* all that work just for this */
1528 my_setenv_format(environ[i], nam, nlen, val, vlen);
50acdf95
MS		 1529 } else {
1530# endif
a0fd4948 1531# if defined(__CYGWIN__) || defined(EPOC) || defined(__SYMBIAN32__)
88f5bc07
AB		 1532# if defined(HAS_UNSETENV)
1533 if (val == NULL) {
1534 (void)unsetenv(nam);
1535 } else {
1536 (void)setenv(nam, val, 1);
1537 }
1538# else /* ! HAS_UNSETENV */
1539 (void)setenv(nam, val, 1);
1540# endif /* HAS_UNSETENV */
47dafe4d 1541# else
88f5bc07
AB		 1542# if defined(HAS_UNSETENV)
1543 if (val == NULL) {
1544 (void)unsetenv(nam);
1545 } else {
c4420975
AL		 1546 const int nlen = strlen(nam);
1547 const int vlen = strlen(val);
1548 char * const new_env =
88f5bc07
AB		 1549 (char*)safesysmalloc((nlen + vlen + 2) * sizeof(char));
1550 my_setenv_format(new_env, nam, nlen, val, vlen);
1551 (void)putenv(new_env);
1552 }
1553# else /* ! HAS_UNSETENV */
1554 char *new_env;
c4420975
AL		 1555 const int nlen = strlen(nam);
1556 int vlen;
88f5bc07
AB		 1557 if (!val) {
1558 val = "";
1559 }
1560 vlen = strlen(val);
1561 new_env = (char*)safesysmalloc((nlen + vlen + 2) * sizeof(char));
1562 /* all that work just for this */
1563 my_setenv_format(new_env, nam, nlen, val, vlen);
1564 (void)putenv(new_env);
1565# endif /* HAS_UNSETENV */
47dafe4d 1566# endif /* __CYGWIN__ */
50acdf95
MS		 1567#ifndef PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV
1568 }
1569#endif
4efc5df6 1570 }
8d063cd8
LW		 1571}
1572
2986a63f 1573#else /* WIN32 || NETWARE */
68dc0745 1574
1575void
72229eff 1576Perl_my_setenv(pTHX_ const char *nam, const char *val)
68dc0745 1577{
27da23d5 1578 dVAR;
ac5c734f 1579 register char *envstr;
e1ec3a88
AL		 1580 const int nlen = strlen(nam);
1581 int vlen;
e6587932 1582
ac5c734f
GS		 1583 if (!val) {
1584 val = "";
1585 }
e6587932 1586 vlen = strlen(val);
a02a5408 1587 Newx(envstr, nlen+vlen+2, char);
e6587932 1588 my_setenv_format(envstr, nam, nlen, val, vlen);
ac5c734f
GS		 1589 (void)PerlEnv_putenv(envstr);
1590 Safefree(envstr);
3e3baf6d
TB		 1591}
1592
2986a63f 1593#endif /* WIN32 || NETWARE */
3e3baf6d 1594
2f42fcb0 1595#ifndef PERL_MICRO
3e3baf6d 1596I32
e1ec3a88 1597Perl_setenv_getix(pTHX_ const char *nam)
3e3baf6d 1598{
53c1dcc0 1599 register I32 i;
0d46e09a 1600 register const I32 len = strlen(nam);
3e3baf6d
TB		 1601
1602 for (i = 0; environ[i]; i++) {
1603 if (
1604#ifdef WIN32
1605 strnicmp(environ[i],nam,len) == 0
1606#else
1607 strnEQ(environ[i],nam,len)
1608#endif
1609 && environ[i][len] == '=')
1610 break; /* strnEQ must come first to avoid */
1611 } /* potential SEGV's */
1612 return i;
68dc0745 1613}
2f42fcb0 1614#endif /* !PERL_MICRO */
68dc0745 1615
ed79a026 1616#endif /* !VMS && !EPOC*/
378cc40b 1617
16d20bd9 1618#ifdef UNLINK_ALL_VERSIONS
79072805 1619I32
6e732051 1620Perl_unlnk(pTHX_ const char *f) /* unlink all versions of a file */
378cc40b 1621{
79072805 1622 I32 i;
378cc40b 1623
6ad3d225 1624 for (i = 0; PerlLIO_unlink(f) >= 0; i++) ;
378cc40b
LW		 1625 return i ? 0 : -1;
1626}
1627#endif
1628
7a3f2258 1629/* this is a drop-in replacement for bcopy() */
2253333f 1630#if (!defined(HAS_MEMCPY) && !defined(HAS_BCOPY)) || (!defined(HAS_MEMMOVE) && !defined(HAS_SAFE_MEMCPY) && !defined(HAS_SAFE_BCOPY))
378cc40b 1631char *
7a3f2258 1632Perl_my_bcopy(register const char *from,register char *to,register I32 len)
378cc40b 1633{
2d03de9c 1634 char * const retval = to;
378cc40b 1635
7c0587c8
LW		 1636 if (from - to >= 0) {
1637 while (len--)
1638 *to++ = *from++;
1639 }
1640 else {
1641 to += len;
1642 from += len;
1643 while (len--)
faf8582f 1644 *(--to) = *(--from);
7c0587c8 1645 }
378cc40b
LW		 1646 return retval;
1647}
ffed7fef 1648#endif
378cc40b 1649
7a3f2258 1650/* this is a drop-in replacement for memset() */
fc36a67e 1651#ifndef HAS_MEMSET
1652void *
7a3f2258 1653Perl_my_memset(register char *loc, register I32 ch, register I32 len)
fc36a67e 1654{
2d03de9c 1655 char * const retval = loc;
fc36a67e 1656
1657 while (len--)
1658 *loc++ = ch;
1659 return retval;
1660}
1661#endif
1662
7a3f2258 1663/* this is a drop-in replacement for bzero() */
7c0587c8 1664#if !defined(HAS_BZERO) && !defined(HAS_MEMSET)
378cc40b 1665char *
7a3f2258 1666Perl_my_bzero(register char *loc, register I32 len)
378cc40b 1667{
2d03de9c 1668 char * const retval = loc;
378cc40b
LW		 1669
1670 while (len--)
1671 *loc++ = 0;
1672 return retval;
1673}
1674#endif
7c0587c8 1675
7a3f2258 1676/* this is a drop-in replacement for memcmp() */
36477c24 1677#if !defined(HAS_MEMCMP) || !defined(HAS_SANE_MEMCMP)
79072805 1678I32
7a3f2258 1679Perl_my_memcmp(const char *s1, const char *s2, register I32 len)
7c0587c8 1680{
e1ec3a88
AL		 1681 register const U8 *a = (const U8 *)s1;
1682 register const U8 *b = (const U8 *)s2;
79072805 1683 register I32 tmp;
7c0587c8
LW		 1684
1685 while (len--) {
27da23d5 1686 if ((tmp = *a++ - *b++))
7c0587c8
LW		 1687 return tmp;
1688 }
1689 return 0;
1690}
36477c24 1691#endif /* !HAS_MEMCMP || !HAS_SANE_MEMCMP */
a687059c 1692
fe14fcc3 1693#ifndef HAS_VPRINTF
a687059c 1694
85e6fe83 1695#ifdef USE_CHAR_VSPRINTF
a687059c
LW		 1696char *
1697#else
1698int
1699#endif
08105a92 1700vsprintf(char *dest, const char *pat, char *args)
a687059c
LW		 1701{
1702 FILE fakebuf;
1703
1704 fakebuf._ptr = dest;
1705 fakebuf._cnt = 32767;
35c8bce7
LW		 1706#ifndef _IOSTRG
1707#define _IOSTRG 0
1708#endif
a687059c
LW		 1709 fakebuf._flag = _IOWRT|_IOSTRG;
1710 _doprnt(pat, args, &fakebuf); /* what a kludge */
1711 (void)putc('\0', &fakebuf);
85e6fe83 1712#ifdef USE_CHAR_VSPRINTF
a687059c
LW		 1713 return(dest);
1714#else
1715 return 0; /* perl doesn't use return value */
1716#endif
1717}
1718
fe14fcc3 1719#endif /* HAS_VPRINTF */
a687059c
LW		 1720
1721#ifdef MYSWAP
ffed7fef 1722#if BYTEORDER != 0x4321
a687059c 1723short
864dbfa3 1724Perl_my_swap(pTHX_ short s)
a687059c
LW		 1725{
1726#if (BYTEORDER & 1) == 0
1727 short result;
1728
1729 result = ((s & 255) << 8) + ((s >> 8) & 255);
1730 return result;
1731#else
1732 return s;
1733#endif
1734}
1735
1736long
864dbfa3 1737Perl_my_htonl(pTHX_ long l)
a687059c
LW		 1738{
1739 union {
1740 long result;
ffed7fef 1741 char c[sizeof(long)];
a687059c
LW		 1742 } u;
1743
ffed7fef 1744#if BYTEORDER == 0x1234
a687059c
LW		 1745 u.c[0] = (l >> 24) & 255;
1746 u.c[1] = (l >> 16) & 255;
1747 u.c[2] = (l >> 8) & 255;
1748 u.c[3] = l & 255;
1749 return u.result;
1750#else
ffed7fef 1751#if ((BYTEORDER - 0x1111) & 0x444) || !(BYTEORDER & 0xf)
cea2e8a9 1752 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Unknown BYTEORDER\n");
a687059c 1753#else
79072805
LW		 1754 register I32 o;
1755 register I32 s;
a687059c 1756
ffed7fef
LW		 1757 for (o = BYTEORDER - 0x1111, s = 0; s < (sizeof(long)*8); o >>= 4, s += 8) {
1758 u.c[o & 0xf] = (l >> s) & 255;
a687059c
LW		 1759 }
1760 return u.result;
1761#endif
1762#endif
1763}
1764
1765long
864dbfa3 1766Perl_my_ntohl(pTHX_ long l)
a687059c
LW		 1767{
1768 union {
1769 long l;
ffed7fef 1770 char c[sizeof(long)];
a687059c
LW		 1771 } u;
1772
ffed7fef 1773#if BYTEORDER == 0x1234
a687059c
LW		 1774 u.c[0] = (l >> 24) & 255;
1775 u.c[1] = (l >> 16) & 255;
1776 u.c[2] = (l >> 8) & 255;
1777 u.c[3] = l & 255;
1778 return u.l;
1779#else
ffed7fef 1780#if ((BYTEORDER - 0x1111) & 0x444) || !(BYTEORDER & 0xf)
cea2e8a9 1781 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Unknown BYTEORDER\n");
a687059c 1782#else
79072805
LW		 1783 register I32 o;
1784 register I32 s;
a687059c
LW		 1785
1786 u.l = l;
1787 l = 0;
ffed7fef
LW		 1788 for (o = BYTEORDER - 0x1111, s = 0; s < (sizeof(long)*8); o >>= 4, s += 8) {
1789 l |= (u.c[o & 0xf] & 255) << s;
a687059c
LW		 1790 }
1791 return l;
1792#endif
1793#endif
1794}
1795
ffed7fef 1796#endif /* BYTEORDER != 0x4321 */
988174c1
LW		 1797#endif /* MYSWAP */
1798
1799/*
1800 * Little-endian byte order functions - 'v' for 'VAX', or 'reVerse'.
1801 * If these functions are defined,
1802 * the BYTEORDER is neither 0x1234 nor 0x4321.
1803 * However, this is not assumed.
1804 * -DWS
1805 */
1806
1109a392 1807#define HTOLE(name,type) \
988174c1 1808 type \
ba106d47 1809 name (register type n) \
988174c1
LW		 1810 { \
1811 union { \
1812 type value; \
1813 char c[sizeof(type)]; \
1814 } u; \
79072805 1815 register I32 i; \
1109a392
MHM		 1816 register I32 s = 0; \
1817 for (i = 0; i < sizeof(u.c); i++, s += 8) { \
988174c1
LW		 1818 u.c[i] = (n >> s) & 0xFF; \
1819 } \
1820 return u.value; \
1821 }
1822
1109a392 1823#define LETOH(name,type) \
988174c1 1824 type \
ba106d47 1825 name (register type n) \
988174c1
LW		 1826 { \
1827 union { \
1828 type value; \
1829 char c[sizeof(type)]; \
1830 } u; \
79072805 1831 register I32 i; \
1109a392 1832 register I32 s = 0; \
988174c1
LW		 1833 u.value = n; \
1834 n = 0; \
1109a392
MHM		 1835 for (i = 0; i < sizeof(u.c); i++, s += 8) { \
1836 n |= ((type)(u.c[i] & 0xFF)) << s; \
988174c1
LW		 1837 } \
1838 return n; \
1839 }
1840
1109a392
MHM		 1841/*
1842 * Big-endian byte order functions.
1843 */
1844
1845#define HTOBE(name,type) \
1846 type \
1847 name (register type n) \
1848 { \
1849 union { \
1850 type value; \
1851 char c[sizeof(type)]; \
1852 } u; \
1853 register I32 i; \
1854 register I32 s = 8*(sizeof(u.c)-1); \
1855 for (i = 0; i < sizeof(u.c); i++, s -= 8) { \
1856 u.c[i] = (n >> s) & 0xFF; \
1857 } \
1858 return u.value; \
1859 }
1860
1861#define BETOH(name,type) \
1862 type \
1863 name (register type n) \
1864 { \
1865 union { \
1866 type value; \
1867 char c[sizeof(type)]; \
1868 } u; \
1869 register I32 i; \
1870 register I32 s = 8*(sizeof(u.c)-1); \
1871 u.value = n; \
1872 n = 0; \
1873 for (i = 0; i < sizeof(u.c); i++, s -= 8) { \
1874 n |= ((type)(u.c[i] & 0xFF)) << s; \
1875 } \
1876 return n; \
1877 }
1878
1879/*
1880 * If we just can't do it...
1881 */
1882
1883#define NOT_AVAIL(name,type) \
1884 type \
1885 name (register type n) \
1886 { \
1887 Perl_croak_nocontext(#name "() not available"); \
1888 return n; /* not reached */ \
1889 }
1890
1891
988174c1 1892#if defined(HAS_HTOVS) && !defined(htovs)
1109a392 1893HTOLE(htovs,short)
988174c1
LW		 1894#endif
1895#if defined(HAS_HTOVL) && !defined(htovl)
1109a392 1896HTOLE(htovl,long)
988174c1
LW		 1897#endif
1898#if defined(HAS_VTOHS) && !defined(vtohs)
1109a392 1899LETOH(vtohs,short)
988174c1
LW		 1900#endif
1901#if defined(HAS_VTOHL) && !defined(vtohl)
1109a392
MHM		 1902LETOH(vtohl,long)
1903#endif
1904
1905#ifdef PERL_NEED_MY_HTOLE16
1906# if U16SIZE == 2
1907HTOLE(Perl_my_htole16,U16)
1908# else
1909NOT_AVAIL(Perl_my_htole16,U16)
1910# endif
1911#endif
1912#ifdef PERL_NEED_MY_LETOH16
1913# if U16SIZE == 2
1914LETOH(Perl_my_letoh16,U16)
1915# else
1916NOT_AVAIL(Perl_my_letoh16,U16)
1917# endif
1918#endif
1919#ifdef PERL_NEED_MY_HTOBE16
1920# if U16SIZE == 2
1921HTOBE(Perl_my_htobe16,U16)
1922# else
1923NOT_AVAIL(Perl_my_htobe16,U16)
1924# endif
1925#endif
1926#ifdef PERL_NEED_MY_BETOH16
1927# if U16SIZE == 2
1928BETOH(Perl_my_betoh16,U16)
1929# else
1930NOT_AVAIL(Perl_my_betoh16,U16)
1931# endif
1932#endif
1933
1934#ifdef PERL_NEED_MY_HTOLE32
1935# if U32SIZE == 4
1936HTOLE(Perl_my_htole32,U32)
1937# else
1938NOT_AVAIL(Perl_my_htole32,U32)
1939# endif
1940#endif
1941#ifdef PERL_NEED_MY_LETOH32
1942# if U32SIZE == 4
1943LETOH(Perl_my_letoh32,U32)
1944# else
1945NOT_AVAIL(Perl_my_letoh32,U32)
1946# endif
1947#endif
1948#ifdef PERL_NEED_MY_HTOBE32
1949# if U32SIZE == 4
1950HTOBE(Perl_my_htobe32,U32)
1951# else
1952NOT_AVAIL(Perl_my_htobe32,U32)
1953# endif
1954#endif
1955#ifdef PERL_NEED_MY_BETOH32
1956# if U32SIZE == 4
1957BETOH(Perl_my_betoh32,U32)
1958# else
1959NOT_AVAIL(Perl_my_betoh32,U32)
1960# endif
1961#endif
1962
1963#ifdef PERL_NEED_MY_HTOLE64
1964# if U64SIZE == 8
1965HTOLE(Perl_my_htole64,U64)
1966# else
1967NOT_AVAIL(Perl_my_htole64,U64)
1968# endif
1969#endif
1970#ifdef PERL_NEED_MY_LETOH64
1971# if U64SIZE == 8
1972LETOH(Perl_my_letoh64,U64)
1973# else
1974NOT_AVAIL(Perl_my_letoh64,U64)
1975# endif
1976#endif
1977#ifdef PERL_NEED_MY_HTOBE64
1978# if U64SIZE == 8
1979HTOBE(Perl_my_htobe64,U64)
1980# else
1981NOT_AVAIL(Perl_my_htobe64,U64)
1982# endif
1983#endif
1984#ifdef PERL_NEED_MY_BETOH64
1985# if U64SIZE == 8
1986BETOH(Perl_my_betoh64,U64)
1987# else
1988NOT_AVAIL(Perl_my_betoh64,U64)
1989# endif
988174c1 1990#endif
a687059c 1991
1109a392
MHM		 1992#ifdef PERL_NEED_MY_HTOLES
1993HTOLE(Perl_my_htoles,short)
1994#endif
1995#ifdef PERL_NEED_MY_LETOHS
1996LETOH(Perl_my_letohs,short)
1997#endif
1998#ifdef PERL_NEED_MY_HTOBES
1999HTOBE(Perl_my_htobes,short)
2000#endif
2001#ifdef PERL_NEED_MY_BETOHS
2002BETOH(Perl_my_betohs,short)
2003#endif
2004
2005#ifdef PERL_NEED_MY_HTOLEI
2006HTOLE(Perl_my_htolei,int)
2007#endif
2008#ifdef PERL_NEED_MY_LETOHI
2009LETOH(Perl_my_letohi,int)
2010#endif
2011#ifdef PERL_NEED_MY_HTOBEI
2012HTOBE(Perl_my_htobei,int)
2013#endif
2014#ifdef PERL_NEED_MY_BETOHI
2015BETOH(Perl_my_betohi,int)
2016#endif
2017
2018#ifdef PERL_NEED_MY_HTOLEL
2019HTOLE(Perl_my_htolel,long)
2020#endif
2021#ifdef PERL_NEED_MY_LETOHL
2022LETOH(Perl_my_letohl,long)
2023#endif
2024#ifdef PERL_NEED_MY_HTOBEL
2025HTOBE(Perl_my_htobel,long)
2026#endif
2027#ifdef PERL_NEED_MY_BETOHL
2028BETOH(Perl_my_betohl,long)
2029#endif
2030
2031void
2032Perl_my_swabn(void *ptr, int n)
2033{
2034 register char *s = (char *)ptr;
2035 register char *e = s + (n-1);
2036 register char tc;
2037
2038 for (n /= 2; n > 0; s++, e--, n--) {
2039 tc = *s;
2040 *s = *e;
2041 *e = tc;
2042 }
2043}
2044
4a7d1889
NIS		 2045PerlIO *
2046Perl_my_popen_list(pTHX_ char *mode, int n, SV **args)
2047{
2986a63f 2048#if (!defined(DOSISH) || defined(HAS_FORK) || defined(AMIGAOS)) && !defined(OS2) && !defined(VMS) && !defined(__OPEN_VM) && !defined(EPOC) && !defined(MACOS_TRADITIONAL) && !defined(NETWARE)
1f852d0d
NIS		 2049 int p[2];
2050 register I32 This, that;
2051 register Pid_t pid;
2052 SV *sv;
2053 I32 did_pipes = 0;
2054 int pp[2];
2055
2056 PERL_FLUSHALL_FOR_CHILD;
2057 This = (*mode == 'w');
2058 that = !This;
2059 if (PL_tainting) {
2060 taint_env();
2061 taint_proper("Insecure %s%s", "EXEC");
2062 }
2063 if (PerlProc_pipe(p) < 0)
2064 return Nullfp;
2065 /* Try for another pipe pair for error return */
2066 if (PerlProc_pipe(pp) >= 0)
2067 did_pipes = 1;
52e18b1f 2068 while ((pid = PerlProc_fork()) < 0) {
1f852d0d
NIS		 2069 if (errno != EAGAIN) {
2070 PerlLIO_close(p[This]);
4e6dfe71 2071 PerlLIO_close(p[that]);
1f852d0d
NIS		 2072 if (did_pipes) {
2073 PerlLIO_close(pp[0]);
2074 PerlLIO_close(pp[1]);
2075 }
2076 return Nullfp;
2077 }
2078 sleep(5);
2079 }
2080 if (pid == 0) {
2081 /* Child */
1f852d0d
NIS		 2082#undef THIS
2083#undef THAT
2084#define THIS that
2085#define THAT This
1f852d0d
NIS		 2086 /* Close parent's end of error status pipe (if any) */
2087 if (did_pipes) {
2088 PerlLIO_close(pp[0]);
2089#if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
2090 /* Close error pipe automatically if exec works */
2091 fcntl(pp[1], F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC);
2092#endif
2093 }
2094 /* Now dup our end of _the_ pipe to right position */
2095 if (p[THIS] != (*mode == 'r')) {
2096 PerlLIO_dup2(p[THIS], *mode == 'r');
2097 PerlLIO_close(p[THIS]);
4e6dfe71
GS		 2098 if (p[THAT] != (*mode == 'r')) /* if dup2() didn't close it */
2099 PerlLIO_close(p[THAT]); /* close parent's end of _the_ pipe */
1f852d0d 2100 }
4e6dfe71
GS		 2101 else
2102 PerlLIO_close(p[THAT]); /* close parent's end of _the_ pipe */
1f852d0d
NIS		 2103#if !defined(HAS_FCNTL) || !defined(F_SETFD)
2104 /* No automatic close - do it by hand */
b7953727
JH		 2105# ifndef NOFILE
2106# define NOFILE 20
2107# endif
a080fe3d
NIS		 2108 {
2109 int fd;
2110
2111 for (fd = PL_maxsysfd + 1; fd < NOFILE; fd++) {
3aed30dc 2112 if (fd != pp[1])
a080fe3d
NIS		 2113 PerlLIO_close(fd);
2114 }
1f852d0d
NIS		 2115 }
2116#endif
2117 do_aexec5(Nullsv, args-1, args-1+n, pp[1], did_pipes);
2118 PerlProc__exit(1);
2119#undef THIS
2120#undef THAT
2121 }
2122 /* Parent */
52e18b1f 2123 do_execfree(); /* free any memory malloced by child on fork */
1f852d0d
NIS		 2124 if (did_pipes)
2125 PerlLIO_close(pp[1]);
2126 /* Keep the lower of the two fd numbers */
2127 if (p[that] < p[This]) {
2128 PerlLIO_dup2(p[This], p[that]);
2129 PerlLIO_close(p[This]);
2130 p[This] = p[that];
2131 }
4e6dfe71
GS		 2132 else
2133 PerlLIO_close(p[that]); /* close child's end of pipe */
2134
1f852d0d
NIS		 2135 LOCK_FDPID_MUTEX;
2136 sv = *av_fetch(PL_fdpid,p[This],TRUE);
2137 UNLOCK_FDPID_MUTEX;
862a34c6 2138 SvUPGRADE(sv,SVt_IV);
45977657 2139 SvIV_set(sv, pid);
1f852d0d
NIS		 2140 PL_forkprocess = pid;
2141 /* If we managed to get status pipe check for exec fail */
2142 if (did_pipes && pid > 0) {
2143 int errkid;
2144 int n = 0, n1;
2145
2146 while (n < sizeof(int)) {
2147 n1 = PerlLIO_read(pp[0],
2148 (void*)(((char*)&errkid)+n),
2149 (sizeof(int)) - n);
2150 if (n1 <= 0)
2151 break;
2152 n += n1;
2153 }
2154 PerlLIO_close(pp[0]);
2155 did_pipes = 0;
2156 if (n) { /* Error */
2157 int pid2, status;
8c51524e 2158 PerlLIO_close(p[This]);
1f852d0d
NIS		 2159 if (n != sizeof(int))
2160 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: kid popen errno read");
2161 do {
2162 pid2 = wait4pid(pid, &status, 0);
2163 } while (pid2 == -1 && errno == EINTR);
2164 errno = errkid; /* Propagate errno from kid */
2165 return Nullfp;
2166 }
2167 }
2168 if (did_pipes)
2169 PerlLIO_close(pp[0]);
2170 return PerlIO_fdopen(p[This], mode);
2171#else
4a7d1889
NIS		 2172 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "List form of piped open not implemented");
2173 return (PerlIO *) NULL;
1f852d0d 2174#endif
4a7d1889
NIS		 2175}
2176
5f05dabc 2177 /* VMS' my_popen() is in VMS.c, same with OS/2. */
cd39f2b6 2178#if (!defined(DOSISH) || defined(HAS_FORK) || defined(AMIGAOS)) && !defined(VMS) && !defined(__OPEN_VM) && !defined(EPOC) && !defined(MACOS_TRADITIONAL)
760ac839 2179PerlIO *
3dd43144 2180Perl_my_popen(pTHX_ const char *cmd, const char *mode)
a687059c
LW		 2181{
2182 int p[2];
8ac85365 2183 register I32 This, that;
d8a83dd3 2184 register Pid_t pid;
79072805 2185 SV *sv;
bfce84ec 2186 const I32 doexec = !(*cmd == '-' && cmd[1] == '\0');
e446cec8
IZ		 2187 I32 did_pipes = 0;
2188 int pp[2];
a687059c 2189
45bc9206 2190 PERL_FLUSHALL_FOR_CHILD;
ddcf38b7
IZ		 2191#ifdef OS2
2192 if (doexec) {
23da6c43 2193 return my_syspopen(aTHX_ cmd,mode);
ddcf38b7 2194 }
a1d180c4 2195#endif
8ac85365
NIS		 2196 This = (*mode == 'w');
2197 that = !This;
3280af22 2198 if (doexec && PL_tainting) {
bbce6d69 2199 taint_env();
2200 taint_proper("Insecure %s%s", "EXEC");
d48672a2 2201 }
c2267164
IZ		 2202 if (PerlProc_pipe(p) < 0)
2203 return Nullfp;
e446cec8
IZ		 2204 if (doexec && PerlProc_pipe(pp) >= 0)
2205 did_pipes = 1;
52e18b1f 2206 while ((pid = PerlProc_fork()) < 0) {
a687059c 2207 if (errno != EAGAIN) {
6ad3d225 2208 PerlLIO_close(p[This]);
b5ac89c3 2209 PerlLIO_close(p[that]);
e446cec8
IZ		 2210 if (did_pipes) {
2211 PerlLIO_close(pp[0]);
2212 PerlLIO_close(pp[1]);
2213 }
a687059c 2214 if (!doexec)
cea2e8a9 2215 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't fork");
a687059c
LW		 2216 return Nullfp;
2217 }
2218 sleep(5);
2219 }
2220 if (pid == 0) {
79072805
LW		 2221 GV* tmpgv;
2222
30ac6d9b
GS		 2223#undef THIS
2224#undef THAT
a687059c 2225#define THIS that
8ac85365 2226#define THAT This
e446cec8
IZ		 2227 if (did_pipes) {
2228 PerlLIO_close(pp[0]);
2229#if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
2230 fcntl(pp[1], F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC);
2231#endif
2232 }
a687059c 2233 if (p[THIS] != (*mode == 'r')) {
6ad3d225
GS		 2234 PerlLIO_dup2(p[THIS], *mode == 'r');
2235 PerlLIO_close(p[THIS]);
b5ac89c3
NIS		 2236 if (p[THAT] != (*mode == 'r')) /* if dup2() didn't close it */
2237 PerlLIO_close(p[THAT]);
a687059c 2238 }
b5ac89c3
NIS		 2239 else
2240 PerlLIO_close(p[THAT]);
4435c477 2241#ifndef OS2
a687059c 2242 if (doexec) {
a0d0e21e 2243#if !defined(HAS_FCNTL) || !defined(F_SETFD)
ae986130
LW		 2244#ifndef NOFILE
2245#define NOFILE 20
2246#endif
a080fe3d 2247 {
3aed30dc 2248 int fd;
a080fe3d
NIS		 2249
2250 for (fd = PL_maxsysfd + 1; fd < NOFILE; fd++)
2251 if (fd != pp[1])
3aed30dc 2252 PerlLIO_close(fd);
a080fe3d 2253 }
ae986130 2254#endif
a080fe3d
NIS		 2255 /* may or may not use the shell */
2256 do_exec3(cmd, pp[1], did_pipes);
6ad3d225 2257 PerlProc__exit(1);
a687059c 2258 }
4435c477 2259#endif /* defined OS2 */
306196c3 2260 if ((tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("$",TRUE, SVt_PV))) {
4d76a344 2261 SvREADONLY_off(GvSV(tmpgv));
7766f137 2262 sv_setiv(GvSV(tmpgv), PerlProc_getpid());
4d76a344
RGS		 2263 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(tmpgv));
2264 }
2265#ifdef THREADS_HAVE_PIDS
2266 PL_ppid = (IV)getppid();
2267#endif
3280af22 2268 PL_forkprocess = 0;
ca0c25f6 2269#ifdef PERL_USES_PL_PIDSTATUS
3280af22 2270 hv_clear(PL_pidstatus); /* we have no children */
ca0c25f6 2271#endif
a687059c
LW		 2272 return Nullfp;
2273#undef THIS
2274#undef THAT
2275 }
b5ac89c3 2276 do_execfree(); /* free any memory malloced by child on vfork */
e446cec8
IZ		 2277 if (did_pipes)
2278 PerlLIO_close(pp[1]);
8ac85365 2279 if (p[that] < p[This]) {
6ad3d225
GS		 2280 PerlLIO_dup2(p[This], p[that]);
2281 PerlLIO_close(p[This]);
8ac85365 2282 p[This] = p[that];
62b28dd9 2283 }
b5ac89c3
NIS		 2284 else
2285 PerlLIO_close(p[that]);
2286
4755096e 2287 LOCK_FDPID_MUTEX;
3280af22 2288 sv = *av_fetch(PL_fdpid,p[This],TRUE);
4755096e 2289 UNLOCK_FDPID_MUTEX;
862a34c6 2290 SvUPGRADE(sv,SVt_IV);
45977657 2291 SvIV_set(sv, pid);
3280af22 2292 PL_forkprocess = pid;
e446cec8
IZ		 2293 if (did_pipes && pid > 0) {
2294 int errkid;
2295 int n = 0, n1;
2296
2297 while (n < sizeof(int)) {
2298 n1 = PerlLIO_read(pp[0],
2299 (void*)(((char*)&errkid)+n),
2300 (sizeof(int)) - n);
2301 if (n1 <= 0)
2302 break;
2303 n += n1;
2304 }
2f96c702
IZ		 2305 PerlLIO_close(pp[0]);
2306 did_pipes = 0;
e446cec8 2307 if (n) { /* Error */
faa466a7 2308 int pid2, status;
8c51524e 2309 PerlLIO_close(p[This]);
e446cec8 2310 if (n != sizeof(int))
cea2e8a9 2311 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: kid popen errno read");
faa466a7
RG		 2312 do {
2313 pid2 = wait4pid(pid, &status, 0);
2314 } while (pid2 == -1 && errno == EINTR);
e446cec8
IZ		 2315 errno = errkid; /* Propagate errno from kid */
2316 return Nullfp;
2317 }
2318 }
2319 if (did_pipes)
2320 PerlLIO_close(pp[0]);
8ac85365 2321 return PerlIO_fdopen(p[This], mode);
a687059c 2322}
7c0587c8 2323#else
85ca448a 2324#if defined(atarist) || defined(EPOC)
7c0587c8 2325FILE *popen();
760ac839 2326PerlIO *
864dbfa3 2327Perl_my_popen(pTHX_ char *cmd, char *mode)
7c0587c8 2328{
45bc9206 2329 PERL_FLUSHALL_FOR_CHILD;
a1d180c4
NIS		 2330 /* Call system's popen() to get a FILE *, then import it.
2331 used 0 for 2nd parameter to PerlIO_importFILE;
2332 apparently not used
2333 */
2334 return PerlIO_importFILE(popen(cmd, mode), 0);
7c0587c8 2335}
2b96b0a5
JH		 2336#else
2337#if defined(DJGPP)
2338FILE *djgpp_popen();
2339PerlIO *
2340Perl_my_popen(pTHX_ char *cmd, char *mode)
2341{
2342 PERL_FLUSHALL_FOR_CHILD;
2343 /* Call system's popen() to get a FILE *, then import it.
2344 used 0 for 2nd parameter to PerlIO_importFILE;
2345 apparently not used
2346 */
2347 return PerlIO_importFILE(djgpp_popen(cmd, mode), 0);
2348}
2349#endif
7c0587c8
LW		 2350#endif
2351
2352#endif /* !DOSISH */
a687059c 2353
52e18b1f
GS		 2354/* this is called in parent before the fork() */
2355void
2356Perl_atfork_lock(void)
2357{
27da23d5 2358 dVAR;
3db8f154 2359#if defined(USE_ITHREADS)
52e18b1f
GS		 2360 /* locks must be held in locking order (if any) */
2361# ifdef MYMALLOC
2362 MUTEX_LOCK(&PL_malloc_mutex);
2363# endif
2364 OP_REFCNT_LOCK;
2365#endif
2366}
2367
2368/* this is called in both parent and child after the fork() */
2369void
2370Perl_atfork_unlock(void)
2371{
27da23d5 2372 dVAR;
3db8f154 2373#if defined(USE_ITHREADS)
52e18b1f
GS		 2374 /* locks must be released in same order as in atfork_lock() */
2375# ifdef MYMALLOC
2376 MUTEX_UNLOCK(&PL_malloc_mutex);
2377# endif
2378 OP_REFCNT_UNLOCK;
2379#endif
2380}
2381
2382Pid_t
2383Perl_my_fork(void)
2384{
2385#if defined(HAS_FORK)
2386 Pid_t pid;
3db8f154 2387#if defined(USE_ITHREADS) && !defined(HAS_PTHREAD_ATFORK)
52e18b1f
GS		 2388 atfork_lock();
2389 pid = fork();
2390 atfork_unlock();
2391#else
2392 /* atfork_lock() and atfork_unlock() are installed as pthread_atfork()
2393 * handlers elsewhere in the code */
2394 pid = fork();
2395#endif
2396 return pid;
2397#else
2398 /* this "canna happen" since nothing should be calling here if !HAS_FORK */
2399 Perl_croak_nocontext("fork() not available");
b961a566 2400 return 0;
52e18b1f
GS		 2401#endif /* HAS_FORK */
2402}
2403
748a9306 2404#ifdef DUMP_FDS
35ff7856 2405void
864dbfa3 2406Perl_dump_fds(pTHX_ char *s)
ae986130
LW		 2407{
2408 int fd;
c623ac67 2409 Stat_t tmpstatbuf;
ae986130 2410
bf49b057 2411 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,"%s", s);
ae986130 2412 for (fd = 0; fd < 32; fd++) {
6ad3d225 2413 if (PerlLIO_fstat(fd,&tmpstatbuf) >= 0)
bf49b057 2414 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log," %d",fd);
ae986130 2415 }
bf49b057 2416 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,"\n");
27da23d5 2417 return;
ae986130 2418}
35ff7856 2419#endif /* DUMP_FDS */
ae986130 2420
fe14fcc3 2421#ifndef HAS_DUP2
fec02dd3 2422int
ba106d47 2423dup2(int oldfd, int newfd)
a687059c 2424{
a0d0e21e 2425#if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_DUPFD)
fec02dd3
AD		 2426 if (oldfd == newfd)
2427 return oldfd;
6ad3d225 2428 PerlLIO_close(newfd);
fec02dd3 2429 return fcntl(oldfd, F_DUPFD, newfd);
62b28dd9 2430#else
fc36a67e 2431#define DUP2_MAX_FDS 256
2432 int fdtmp[DUP2_MAX_FDS];
79072805 2433 I32 fdx = 0;
ae986130
LW		 2434 int fd;
2435
fe14fcc3 2436 if (oldfd == newfd)
fec02dd3 2437 return oldfd;
6ad3d225 2438 PerlLIO_close(newfd);
fc36a67e 2439 /* good enough for low fd's... */
6ad3d225 2440 while ((fd = PerlLIO_dup(oldfd)) != newfd && fd >= 0) {
fc36a67e 2441 if (fdx >= DUP2_MAX_FDS) {
6ad3d225 2442 PerlLIO_close(fd);
fc36a67e 2443 fd = -1;
2444 break;
2445 }
ae986130 2446 fdtmp[fdx++] = fd;
fc36a67e 2447 }
ae986130 2448 while (fdx > 0)
6ad3d225 2449 PerlLIO_close(fdtmp[--fdx]);
fec02dd3 2450 return fd;
62b28dd9 2451#endif
a687059c
LW		 2452}
2453#endif
2454
64ca3a65 2455#ifndef PERL_MICRO
ff68c719 2456#ifdef HAS_SIGACTION
2457
abea2c45
HS		 2458#ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2459/* We don't want restart behavior on MacOS */
2460#undef SA_RESTART
2461#endif
2462
ff68c719 2463Sighandler_t
864dbfa3 2464Perl_rsignal(pTHX_ int signo, Sighandler_t handler)
ff68c719 2465{
27da23d5 2466 dVAR;
ff68c719 2467 struct sigaction act, oact;
2468
a10b1e10
JH		 2469#ifdef USE_ITHREADS
2470 /* only "parent" interpreter can diddle signals */
2471 if (PL_curinterp != aTHX)
8aad04aa 2472 return (Sighandler_t) SIG_ERR;
a10b1e10
JH		 2473#endif
2474
8aad04aa 2475 act.sa_handler = (void(*)(int))handler;
ff68c719 2476 sigemptyset(&act.sa_mask);
2477 act.sa_flags = 0;
2478#ifdef SA_RESTART
4ffa73a3
JH		 2479 if (PL_signals & PERL_SIGNALS_UNSAFE_FLAG)
2480 act.sa_flags |= SA_RESTART; /* SVR4, 4.3+BSD */
0a8e0eff 2481#endif
358837b8 2482#if defined(SA_NOCLDWAIT) && !defined(BSDish) /* See [perl #18849] */
8aad04aa 2483 if (signo == SIGCHLD && handler == (Sighandler_t) SIG_IGN)
85264bed
CS		 2484 act.sa_flags |= SA_NOCLDWAIT;
2485#endif
ff68c719 2486 if (sigaction(signo, &act, &oact) == -1)
8aad04aa 2487 return (Sighandler_t) SIG_ERR;
ff68c719 2488 else
8aad04aa 2489 return (Sighandler_t) oact.sa_handler;
ff68c719 2490}
2491
2492Sighandler_t
864dbfa3 2493Perl_rsignal_state(pTHX_ int signo)
ff68c719 2494{
2495 struct sigaction oact;
2496
2497 if (sigaction(signo, (struct sigaction *)NULL, &oact) == -1)
8aad04aa 2498 return (Sighandler_t) SIG_ERR;
ff68c719 2499 else
8aad04aa 2500 return (Sighandler_t) oact.sa_handler;
ff68c719 2501}
2502
2503int
864dbfa3 2504Perl_rsignal_save(pTHX_ int signo, Sighandler_t handler, Sigsave_t *save)
ff68c719 2505{
27da23d5 2506 dVAR;
ff68c719 2507 struct sigaction act;
2508
a10b1e10
JH		 2509#ifdef USE_ITHREADS
2510 /* only "parent" interpreter can diddle signals */
2511 if (PL_curinterp != aTHX)
2512 return -1;
2513#endif
2514
8aad04aa 2515 act.sa_handler = (void(*)(int))handler;
ff68c719 2516 sigemptyset(&act.sa_mask);
2517 act.sa_flags = 0;
2518#ifdef SA_RESTART
4ffa73a3
JH		 2519 if (PL_signals & PERL_SIGNALS_UNSAFE_FLAG)
2520 act.sa_flags |= SA_RESTART; /* SVR4, 4.3+BSD */
0a8e0eff 2521#endif
36b5d377 2522#if defined(SA_NOCLDWAIT) && !defined(BSDish) /* See [perl #18849] */
8aad04aa 2523 if (signo == SIGCHLD && handler == (Sighandler_t) SIG_IGN)
85264bed
CS		 2524 act.sa_flags |= SA_NOCLDWAIT;
2525#endif
ff68c719 2526 return sigaction(signo, &act, save);
2527}
2528
2529int
864dbfa3 2530Perl_rsignal_restore(pTHX_ int signo, Sigsave_t *save)
ff68c719 2531{
27da23d5 2532 dVAR;
a10b1e10
JH		 2533#ifdef USE_ITHREADS
2534 /* only "parent" interpreter can diddle signals */
2535 if (PL_curinterp != aTHX)
2536 return -1;
2537#endif
2538
ff68c719 2539 return sigaction(signo, save, (struct sigaction *)NULL);
2540}
2541
2542#else /* !HAS_SIGACTION */
2543
2544Sighandler_t
864dbfa3 2545Perl_rsignal(pTHX_ int signo, Sighandler_t handler)
ff68c719 2546{
39f1703b 2547#if defined(USE_ITHREADS) && !defined(WIN32)
a10b1e10
JH		 2548 /* only "parent" interpreter can diddle signals */
2549 if (PL_curinterp != aTHX)
8aad04aa 2550 return (Sighandler_t) SIG_ERR;
a10b1e10
JH		 2551#endif
2552
6ad3d225 2553 return PerlProc_signal(signo, handler);
ff68c719 2554}
2555
ff68c719 2556static
2557Signal_t
4e35701f 2558sig_trap(int signo)
ff68c719 2559{
27da23d5
JH		 2560 dVAR;
2561 PL_sig_trapped++;
ff68c719 2562}
2563
2564Sighandler_t
864dbfa3 2565Perl_rsignal_state(pTHX_ int signo)
ff68c719 2566{
27da23d5 2567 dVAR;
ff68c719 2568 Sighandler_t oldsig;
2569
39f1703b 2570#if defined(USE_ITHREADS) && !defined(WIN32)
a10b1e10
JH		 2571 /* only "parent" interpreter can diddle signals */
2572 if (PL_curinterp != aTHX)
8aad04aa 2573 return (Sighandler_t) SIG_ERR;
a10b1e10
JH		 2574#endif
2575
27da23d5 2576 PL_sig_trapped = 0;
6ad3d225
GS		 2577 oldsig = PerlProc_signal(signo, sig_trap);
2578 PerlProc_signal(signo, oldsig);
27da23d5 2579 if (PL_sig_trapped)
3aed30dc 2580 PerlProc_kill(PerlProc_getpid(), signo);
ff68c719 2581 return oldsig;
2582}
2583
2584int
864dbfa3 2585Perl_rsignal_save(pTHX_ int signo, Sighandler_t handler, Sigsave_t *save)
ff68c719 2586{
39f1703b 2587#if defined(USE_ITHREADS) && !defined(WIN32)
a10b1e10
JH		 2588 /* only "parent" interpreter can diddle signals */
2589 if (PL_curinterp != aTHX)
2590 return -1;
2591#endif
6ad3d225 2592 *save = PerlProc_signal(signo, handler);
8aad04aa 2593 return (*save == (Sighandler_t) SIG_ERR) ? -1 : 0;
ff68c719 2594}
2595
2596int
864dbfa3 2597Perl_rsignal_restore(pTHX_ int signo, Sigsave_t *save)
ff68c719 2598{
39f1703b 2599#if defined(USE_ITHREADS) && !defined(WIN32)
a10b1e10
JH		 2600 /* only "parent" interpreter can diddle signals */
2601 if (PL_curinterp != aTHX)
2602 return -1;
2603#endif
8aad04aa 2604 return (PerlProc_signal(signo, *save) == (Sighandler_t) SIG_ERR) ? -1 : 0;
ff68c719 2605}
2606
2607#endif /* !HAS_SIGACTION */
64ca3a65 2608#endif /* !PERL_MICRO */
ff68c719 2609
5f05dabc 2610 /* VMS' my_pclose() is in VMS.c; same with OS/2 */
cd39f2b6 2611#if (!defined(DOSISH) || defined(HAS_FORK) || defined(AMIGAOS)) && !defined(VMS) && !defined(__OPEN_VM) && !defined(EPOC) && !defined(MACOS_TRADITIONAL)
79072805 2612I32
864dbfa3 2613Perl_my_pclose(pTHX_ PerlIO *ptr)
a687059c 2614{
ff68c719 2615 Sigsave_t hstat, istat, qstat;
a687059c 2616 int status;
a0d0e21e 2617 SV **svp;
d8a83dd3
JH		 2618 Pid_t pid;
2619 Pid_t pid2;
03136e13 2620 bool close_failed;
b7953727 2621 int saved_errno = 0;
22fae026
TM		 2622#ifdef WIN32
2623 int saved_win32_errno;
2624#endif
a687059c 2625
4755096e 2626 LOCK_FDPID_MUTEX;
3280af22 2627 svp = av_fetch(PL_fdpid,PerlIO_fileno(ptr),TRUE);
4755096e 2628 UNLOCK_FDPID_MUTEX;
25d92023 2629 pid = (SvTYPE(*svp) == SVt_IV) ? SvIVX(*svp) : -1;
a0d0e21e 2630 SvREFCNT_dec(*svp);
3280af22 2631 *svp = &PL_sv_undef;
ddcf38b7
IZ		 2632#ifdef OS2
2633 if (pid == -1) { /* Opened by popen. */
2634 return my_syspclose(ptr);
2635 }
a1d180c4 2636#endif
03136e13
CS		 2637 if ((close_failed = (PerlIO_close(ptr) == EOF))) {
2638 saved_errno = errno;
22fae026
TM		 2639#ifdef WIN32
2640 saved_win32_errno = GetLastError();
2641#endif
03136e13 2642 }
7c0587c8 2643#ifdef UTS
6ad3d225 2644 if(PerlProc_kill(pid, 0) < 0) { return(pid); } /* HOM 12/23/91 */
7c0587c8 2645#endif
64ca3a65 2646#ifndef PERL_MICRO
8aad04aa
JH		 2647 rsignal_save(SIGHUP, (Sighandler_t) SIG_IGN, &hstat);
2648 rsignal_save(SIGINT, (Sighandler_t) SIG_IGN, &istat);
2649 rsignal_save(SIGQUIT, (Sighandler_t) SIG_IGN, &qstat);
64ca3a65 2650#endif
748a9306 2651 do {
1d3434b8
GS		 2652 pid2 = wait4pid(pid, &status, 0);
2653 } while (pid2 == -1 && errno == EINTR);
64ca3a65 2654#ifndef PERL_MICRO
ff68c719 2655 rsignal_restore(SIGHUP, &hstat);
2656 rsignal_restore(SIGINT, &istat);
2657 rsignal_restore(SIGQUIT, &qstat);
64ca3a65 2658#endif
03136e13 2659 if (close_failed) {
ce6e1103 2660 SETERRNO(saved_errno, 0);
03136e13
CS		 2661 return -1;
2662 }
1d3434b8 2663 return(pid2 < 0 ? pid2 : status == 0 ? 0 : (errno = 0, status));
20188a90 2664}
4633a7c4
LW		 2665#endif /* !DOSISH */
2666
2986a63f 2667#if (!defined(DOSISH) || defined(OS2) || defined(WIN32) || defined(NETWARE)) && !defined(MACOS_TRADITIONAL)
79072805 2668I32
d8a83dd3 2669Perl_wait4pid(pTHX_ Pid_t pid, int *statusp, int flags)
20188a90 2670{
27da23d5 2671 I32 result = 0;
b7953727
JH		 2672 if (!pid)
2673 return -1;
ca0c25f6 2674#ifdef PERL_USES_PL_PIDSTATUS
b7953727 2675 {
3aed30dc 2676 if (pid > 0) {
12072db5
NC		 2677 /* The keys in PL_pidstatus are now the raw 4 (or 8) bytes of the
2678 pid, rather than a string form. */
c4420975 2679 SV * const * const svp = hv_fetch(PL_pidstatus,(const char*) &pid,sizeof(Pid_t),FALSE);
3aed30dc
HS		 2680 if (svp && *svp != &PL_sv_undef) {
2681 *statusp = SvIVX(*svp);
12072db5
NC		 2682 (void)hv_delete(PL_pidstatus,(const char*) &pid,sizeof(Pid_t),
2683 G_DISCARD);
3aed30dc
HS		 2684 return pid;
2685 }
2686 }
2687 else {
2688 HE *entry;
2689
2690 hv_iterinit(PL_pidstatus);
2691 if ((entry = hv_iternext(PL_pidstatus))) {
c4420975 2692 SV * const sv = hv_iterval(PL_pidstatus,entry);
7ea75b61 2693 I32 len;
0bcc34c2 2694 const char * const spid = hv_iterkey(entry,&len);
27da23d5 2695
12072db5
NC		 2696 assert (len == sizeof(Pid_t));
2697 memcpy((char *)&pid, spid, len);
3aed30dc 2698 *statusp = SvIVX(sv);
7b9a3241
NC		 2699 /* The hash iterator is currently on this entry, so simply
2700 calling hv_delete would trigger the lazy delete, which on
2701 aggregate does more work, beacuse next call to hv_iterinit()
2702 would spot the flag, and have to call the delete routine,
2703 while in the meantime any new entries can't re-use that
2704 memory. */
2705 hv_iterinit(PL_pidstatus);
7ea75b61 2706 (void)hv_delete(PL_pidstatus,spid,len,G_DISCARD);
3aed30dc
HS		 2707 return pid;
2708 }
20188a90
LW		 2709 }
2710 }
68a29c53 2711#endif
79072805 2712#ifdef HAS_WAITPID
367f3c24
IZ		 2713# ifdef HAS_WAITPID_RUNTIME
2714 if (!HAS_WAITPID_RUNTIME)
2715 goto hard_way;
2716# endif
cddd4526 2717 result = PerlProc_waitpid(pid,statusp,flags);
dfcfdb64 2718 goto finish;
367f3c24
IZ		 2719#endif
2720#if !defined(HAS_WAITPID) && defined(HAS_WAIT4)
cddd4526 2721 result = wait4((pid==-1)?0:pid,statusp,flags,Null(struct rusage *));
dfcfdb64 2722 goto finish;
367f3c24 2723#endif
ca0c25f6 2724#ifdef PERL_USES_PL_PIDSTATUS
27da23d5 2725#if defined(HAS_WAITPID) && defined(HAS_WAITPID_RUNTIME)
367f3c24 2726 hard_way:
27da23d5 2727#endif
a0d0e21e 2728 {
a0d0e21e 2729 if (flags)
cea2e8a9 2730 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do waitpid with flags");
a0d0e21e 2731 else {
76e3520e 2732 while ((result = PerlProc_wait(statusp)) != pid && pid > 0 && result >= 0)
a0d0e21e
LW		 2733 pidgone(result,*statusp);
2734 if (result < 0)
2735 *statusp = -1;
2736 }
a687059c
LW		 2737 }
2738#endif
27da23d5 2739#if defined(HAS_WAITPID) || defined(HAS_WAIT4)
dfcfdb64 2740 finish:
27da23d5 2741#endif
cddd4526
NIS		 2742 if (result < 0 && errno == EINTR) {
2743 PERL_ASYNC_CHECK();
2744 }
2745 return result;
a687059c 2746}
2986a63f 2747#endif /* !DOSISH || OS2 || WIN32 || NETWARE */
a687059c 2748
ca0c25f6 2749#ifdef PERL_USES_PL_PIDSTATUS
7c0587c8 2750void
d8a83dd3 2751Perl_pidgone(pTHX_ Pid_t pid, int status)
a687059c 2752{
79072805 2753 register SV *sv;
a687059c 2754
12072db5 2755 sv = *hv_fetch(PL_pidstatus,(const char*)&pid,sizeof(Pid_t),TRUE);
862a34c6 2756 SvUPGRADE(sv,SVt_IV);
45977657 2757 SvIV_set(sv, status);
20188a90 2758 return;
a687059c 2759}
ca0c25f6 2760#endif
a687059c 2761
85ca448a 2762#if defined(atarist) || defined(OS2) || defined(EPOC)
7c0587c8 2763int pclose();
ddcf38b7
IZ		 2764#ifdef HAS_FORK
2765int /* Cannot prototype with I32
2766 in os2ish.h. */
ba106d47 2767my_syspclose(PerlIO *ptr)
ddcf38b7 2768#else
79072805 2769I32
864dbfa3 2770Perl_my_pclose(pTHX_ PerlIO *ptr)
a1d180c4 2771#endif
a687059c 2772{
760ac839 2773 /* Needs work for PerlIO ! */
c4420975 2774 FILE * const f = PerlIO_findFILE(ptr);
7452cf6a 2775 const I32 result = pclose(f);
2b96b0a5
JH		 2776 PerlIO_releaseFILE(ptr,f);
2777 return result;
2778}
2779#endif
2780
933fea7f 2781#if defined(DJGPP)
2b96b0a5
JH		 2782int djgpp_pclose();
2783I32
2784Perl_my_pclose(pTHX_ PerlIO *ptr)
2785{
2786 /* Needs work for PerlIO ! */
c4420975 2787 FILE * const f = PerlIO_findFILE(ptr);
2b96b0a5 2788 I32 result = djgpp_pclose(f);
933fea7f 2789 result = (result << 8) & 0xff00;
760ac839
LW		 2790 PerlIO_releaseFILE(ptr,f);
2791 return result;
a687059c 2792}
7c0587c8 2793#endif
9f68db38
LW		 2794
2795void
864dbfa3 2796Perl_repeatcpy(pTHX_ register char *to, register const char *from, I32 len, register I32 count)
9f68db38 2797{
79072805 2798 register I32 todo;
c4420975 2799 register const char * const frombase = from;
9f68db38
LW		 2800
2801 if (len == 1) {
08105a92 2802 register const char c = *from;
9f68db38 2803 while (count-- > 0)
5926133d 2804 *to++ = c;
9f68db38
LW		 2805 return;
2806 }
2807 while (count-- > 0) {
2808 for (todo = len; todo > 0; todo--) {
2809 *to++ = *from++;
2810 }
2811 from = frombase;
2812 }
2813}
0f85fab0 2814
fe14fcc3 2815#ifndef HAS_RENAME
79072805 2816I32
4373e329 2817Perl_same_dirent(pTHX_ const char *a, const char *b)
62b28dd9 2818{
93a17b20
LW		 2819 char *fa = strrchr(a,'/');
2820 char *fb = strrchr(b,'/');
c623ac67
GS		 2821 Stat_t tmpstatbuf1;
2822 Stat_t tmpstatbuf2;
c4420975 2823 SV * const tmpsv = sv_newmortal();
62b28dd9
LW		 2824
2825 if (fa)
2826 fa++;
2827 else
2828 fa = a;
2829 if (fb)
2830 fb++;
2831 else
2832 fb = b;
2833 if (strNE(a,b))
2834 return FALSE;
2835 if (fa == a)
616d8c9c 2836 sv_setpvn(tmpsv, ".", 1);
62b28dd9 2837 else
46fc3d4c 2838 sv_setpvn(tmpsv, a, fa - a);
95a20fc0 2839 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX_const(tmpsv), &tmpstatbuf1) < 0)
62b28dd9
LW		 2840 return FALSE;
2841 if (fb == b)
616d8c9c 2842 sv_setpvn(tmpsv, ".", 1);
62b28dd9 2843 else
46fc3d4c 2844 sv_setpvn(tmpsv, b, fb - b);
95a20fc0 2845 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX_const(tmpsv), &tmpstatbuf2) < 0)
62b28dd9
LW		 2846 return FALSE;
2847 return tmpstatbuf1.st_dev == tmpstatbuf2.st_dev &&
2848 tmpstatbuf1.st_ino == tmpstatbuf2.st_ino;
2849}
fe14fcc3
LW		 2850#endif /* !HAS_RENAME */
2851
491527d0 2852char*
7f315aed
NC		 2853Perl_find_script(pTHX_ const char *scriptname, bool dosearch,
2854 const char *const *const search_ext, I32 flags)
491527d0 2855{
e1ec3a88 2856 const char *xfound = Nullch;
491527d0 2857 char *xfailed = Nullch;
0f31cffe 2858 char tmpbuf[MAXPATHLEN];
491527d0 2859 register char *s;
5f74f29c 2860 I32 len = 0;
491527d0
GS		 2861 int retval;
2862#if defined(DOSISH) && !defined(OS2) && !defined(atarist)
2863# define SEARCH_EXTS ".bat", ".cmd", NULL
2864# define MAX_EXT_LEN 4
2865#endif
2866#ifdef OS2
2867# define SEARCH_EXTS ".cmd", ".btm", ".bat", ".pl", NULL
2868# define MAX_EXT_LEN 4
2869#endif
2870#ifdef VMS
2871# define SEARCH_EXTS ".pl", ".com", NULL
2872# define MAX_EXT_LEN 4
2873#endif
2874 /* additional extensions to try in each dir if scriptname not found */
2875#ifdef SEARCH_EXTS
0bcc34c2 2876 static const char *const exts[] = { SEARCH_EXTS };
7f315aed 2877 const char *const *const ext = search_ext ? search_ext : exts;
491527d0 2878 int extidx = 0, i = 0;
e1ec3a88 2879 const char *curext = Nullch;
491527d0 2880#else
53c1dcc0 2881 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(search_ext);
491527d0
GS		 2882# define MAX_EXT_LEN 0
2883#endif
2884
2885 /*
2886 * If dosearch is true and if scriptname does not contain path
2887 * delimiters, search the PATH for scriptname.
2888 *
2889 * If SEARCH_EXTS is also defined, will look for each
2890 * scriptname{SEARCH_EXTS} whenever scriptname is not found
2891 * while searching the PATH.
2892 *
2893 * Assuming SEARCH_EXTS is C<".foo",".bar",NULL>, PATH search
2894 * proceeds as follows:
2895 * If DOSISH or VMSISH:
2896 * + look for ./scriptname{,.foo,.bar}
2897 * + search the PATH for scriptname{,.foo,.bar}
2898 *
2899 * If !DOSISH:
2900 * + look *only* in the PATH for scriptname{,.foo,.bar} (note
2901 * this will not look in '.' if it's not in the PATH)
2902 */
84486fc6 2903 tmpbuf[0] = '\0';
491527d0
GS		 2904
2905#ifdef VMS
2906# ifdef ALWAYS_DEFTYPES
2907 len = strlen(scriptname);
2908 if (!(len == 1 && *scriptname == '-') && scriptname[len-1] != ':') {
c4420975 2909 int idx = 0, deftypes = 1;
491527d0
GS		 2910 bool seen_dot = 1;
2911
c4420975 2912 const int hasdir = !dosearch || (strpbrk(scriptname,":[</") != Nullch);
491527d0
GS		 2913# else
2914 if (dosearch) {
c4420975 2915 int idx = 0, deftypes = 1;
491527d0
GS		 2916 bool seen_dot = 1;
2917
c4420975 2918 const int hasdir = (strpbrk(scriptname,":[</") != Nullch);
491527d0
GS		 2919# endif
2920 /* The first time through, just add SEARCH_EXTS to whatever we
2921 * already have, so we can check for default file types. */
2922 while (deftypes ||
84486fc6 2923 (!hasdir && my_trnlnm("DCL$PATH",tmpbuf,idx++)) )
491527d0
GS		 2924 {
2925 if (deftypes) {
2926 deftypes = 0;
84486fc6 2927 *tmpbuf = '\0';
491527d0 2928 }
84486fc6
GS		 2929 if ((strlen(tmpbuf) + strlen(scriptname)
2930 + MAX_EXT_LEN) >= sizeof tmpbuf)
491527d0 2931 continue; /* don't search dir with too-long name */
84486fc6 2932 strcat(tmpbuf, scriptname);
491527d0
GS		 2933#else /* !VMS */
2934
2935#ifdef DOSISH
2936 if (strEQ(scriptname, "-"))
2937 dosearch = 0;
2938 if (dosearch) { /* Look in '.' first. */
fe2774ed 2939 const char *cur = scriptname;
491527d0
GS		 2940#ifdef SEARCH_EXTS
2941 if ((curext = strrchr(scriptname,'.'))) /* possible current ext */
2942 while (ext[i])
2943 if (strEQ(ext[i++],curext)) {
2944 extidx = -1; /* already has an ext */
2945 break;
2946 }
2947 do {
2948#endif
2949 DEBUG_p(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
2950 "Looking for %s\n",cur));
017f25f1
IZ		 2951 if (PerlLIO_stat(cur,&PL_statbuf) >= 0
2952 && !S_ISDIR(PL_statbuf.st_mode)) {
491527d0
GS		 2953 dosearch = 0;
2954 scriptname = cur;
2955#ifdef SEARCH_EXTS
2956 break;
2957#endif
2958 }
2959#ifdef SEARCH_EXTS
2960 if (cur == scriptname) {
2961 len = strlen(scriptname);
84486fc6 2962 if (len+MAX_EXT_LEN+1 >= sizeof(tmpbuf))
491527d0 2963 break;
490a0e98 2964 /* FIXME? Convert to memcpy */
84486fc6 2965 cur = strcpy(tmpbuf, scriptname);
491527d0
GS		 2966 }
2967 } while (extidx >= 0 && ext[extidx] /* try an extension? */
84486fc6 2968 && strcpy(tmpbuf+len, ext[extidx++]));
491527d0
GS		 2969#endif
2970 }
2971#endif
2972
cd39f2b6
JH		 2973#ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2974 if (dosearch && !strchr(scriptname, ':') &&
2975 (s = PerlEnv_getenv("Commands")))
2976#else
491527d0
GS		 2977 if (dosearch && !strchr(scriptname, '/')
2978#ifdef DOSISH
2979 && !strchr(scriptname, '\\')
2980#endif
cd39f2b6
JH		 2981 && (s = PerlEnv_getenv("PATH")))
2982#endif
2983 {
491527d0 2984 bool seen_dot = 0;
92f0c265 2985
3280af22
NIS		 2986 PL_bufend = s + strlen(s);
2987 while (s < PL_bufend) {
cd39f2b6
JH		 2988#ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2989 s = delimcpy(tmpbuf, tmpbuf + sizeof tmpbuf, s, PL_bufend,
2990 ',',
2991 &len);
2992#else
491527d0
GS		 2993#if defined(atarist) || defined(DOSISH)
2994 for (len = 0; *s
2995# ifdef atarist
2996 && *s != ','
2997# endif
2998 && *s != ';'; len++, s++) {
84486fc6
GS		 2999 if (len < sizeof tmpbuf)
3000 tmpbuf[len] = *s;
491527d0 3001 }
84486fc6
GS		 3002 if (len < sizeof tmpbuf)
3003 tmpbuf[len] = '\0';
491527d0 3004#else /* ! (atarist || DOSISH) */
3280af22 3005 s = delimcpy(tmpbuf, tmpbuf + sizeof tmpbuf, s, PL_bufend,
491527d0
GS		 3006 ':',
3007 &len);
3008#endif /* ! (atarist || DOSISH) */
cd39f2b6 3009#endif /* MACOS_TRADITIONAL */
3280af22 3010 if (s < PL_bufend)
491527d0 3011 s++;
84486fc6 3012 if (len + 1 + strlen(scriptname) + MAX_EXT_LEN >= sizeof tmpbuf)
491527d0 3013 continue; /* don't search dir with too-long name */
cd39f2b6
JH		 3014#ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3015 if (len && tmpbuf[len - 1] != ':')
3016 tmpbuf[len++] = ':';
3017#else
491527d0 3018 if (len
490a0e98 3019# if defined(atarist) || defined(__MINT__) || defined(DOSISH)
84486fc6
GS		 3020 && tmpbuf[len - 1] != '/'
3021 && tmpbuf[len - 1] != '\\'
490a0e98 3022# endif
491527d0 3023 )
84486fc6
GS		 3024 tmpbuf[len++] = '/';
3025 if (len == 2 && tmpbuf[0] == '.')
491527d0 3026 seen_dot = 1;
cd39f2b6 3027#endif
490a0e98
NC		 3028 /* FIXME? Convert to memcpy by storing previous strlen(scriptname)
3029 */
84486fc6 3030 (void)strcpy(tmpbuf + len, scriptname);
491527d0
GS		 3031#endif /* !VMS */
3032
3033#ifdef SEARCH_EXTS
84486fc6 3034 len = strlen(tmpbuf);
491527d0
GS		 3035 if (extidx > 0) /* reset after previous loop */
3036 extidx = 0;
3037 do {
3038#endif
84486fc6 3039 DEBUG_p(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "Looking for %s\n",tmpbuf));
3280af22 3040 retval = PerlLIO_stat(tmpbuf,&PL_statbuf);
017f25f1
IZ		 3041 if (S_ISDIR(PL_statbuf.st_mode)) {
3042 retval = -1;
3043 }
491527d0
GS		 3044#ifdef SEARCH_EXTS
3045 } while ( retval < 0 /* not there */
3046 && extidx>=0 && ext[extidx] /* try an extension? */
84486fc6 3047 && strcpy(tmpbuf+len, ext[extidx++])
491527d0
GS		 3048 );
3049#endif
3050 if (retval < 0)
3051 continue;
3280af22
NIS		 3052 if (S_ISREG(PL_statbuf.st_mode)
3053 && cando(S_IRUSR,TRUE,&PL_statbuf)
73811745 3054#if !defined(DOSISH) && !defined(MACOS_TRADITIONAL)
3280af22 3055 && cando(S_IXUSR,TRUE,&PL_statbuf)
491527d0
GS		 3056#endif
3057 )
3058 {
3aed30dc 3059 xfound = tmpbuf; /* bingo! */
491527d0
GS		 3060 break;
3061 }
3062 if (!xfailed)
84486fc6 3063 xfailed = savepv(tmpbuf);
491527d0
GS		 3064 }
3065#ifndef DOSISH
017f25f1 3066 if (!xfound && !seen_dot && !xfailed &&
a1d180c4 3067 (PerlLIO_stat(scriptname,&PL_statbuf) < 0
017f25f1 3068 || S_ISDIR(PL_statbuf.st_mode)))
491527d0
GS		 3069#endif
3070 seen_dot = 1; /* Disable message. */
9ccb31f9
GS		 3071 if (!xfound) {
3072 if (flags & 1) { /* do or die? */
3aed30dc 3073 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't %s %s%s%s",
9ccb31f9
GS		 3074 (xfailed ? "execute" : "find"),
3075 (xfailed ? xfailed : scriptname),
3076 (xfailed ? "" : " on PATH"),
3077 (xfailed || seen_dot) ? "" : ", '.' not in PATH");
3078 }
3079 scriptname = Nullch;
3080 }
43c5f42d 3081 Safefree(xfailed);
491527d0
GS		 3082 scriptname = xfound;
3083 }
9ccb31f9 3084 return (scriptname ? savepv(scriptname) : Nullch);
491527d0
GS		 3085}
3086
ba869deb
GS		 3087#ifndef PERL_GET_CONTEXT_DEFINED
3088
3089void *
3090Perl_get_context(void)
3091{
27da23d5 3092 dVAR;
3db8f154 3093#if defined(USE_ITHREADS)
ba869deb
GS		 3094# ifdef OLD_PTHREADS_API
3095 pthread_addr_t t;
3096 if (pthread_getspecific(PL_thr_key, &t))
3097 Perl_croak_nocontext("panic: pthread_getspecific");
3098 return (void*)t;
3099# else
bce813aa 3100# ifdef I_MACH_CTHREADS
8b8b35ab 3101 return (void*)cthread_data(cthread_self());
bce813aa 3102# else
8b8b35ab
JH		 3103 return (void*)PTHREAD_GETSPECIFIC(PL_thr_key);
3104# endif
c44d3fdb 3105# endif
ba869deb
GS		 3106#else
3107 return (void*)NULL;
3108#endif
3109}
3110
3111void
3112Perl_set_context(void *t)
3113{
8772537c 3114 dVAR;
3db8f154 3115#if defined(USE_ITHREADS)
c44d3fdb
GS		 3116# ifdef I_MACH_CTHREADS
3117 cthread_set_data(cthread_self(), t);
3118# else
ba869deb
GS		 3119 if (pthread_setspecific(PL_thr_key, t))
3120 Perl_croak_nocontext("panic: pthread_setspecific");
c44d3fdb 3121# endif
b464bac0 3122#else
8772537c 3123 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(t);
ba869deb
GS		 3124#endif
3125}
3126
3127#endif /* !PERL_GET_CONTEXT_DEFINED */
491527d0 3128
27da23d5 3129#if defined(PERL_GLOBAL_STRUCT) && !defined(PERL_GLOBAL_STRUCT_PRIVATE)
22239a37 3130struct perl_vars *
864dbfa3 3131Perl_GetVars(pTHX)
22239a37 3132{
533c011a 3133 return &PL_Vars;
22239a37 3134}
31fb1209
NIS		 3135#endif
3136
1cb0ed9b 3137char **
864dbfa3 3138Perl_get_op_names(pTHX)
31fb1209 3139{
27da23d5 3140 return (char **)PL_op_name;
31fb1209
NIS		 3141}
3142
1cb0ed9b 3143char **
864dbfa3 3144Perl_get_op_descs(pTHX)
31fb1209 3145{
27da23d5 3146 return (char **)PL_op_desc;
31fb1209 3147}
9e6b2b00 3148
e1ec3a88 3149const char *
864dbfa3 3150Perl_get_no_modify(pTHX)
9e6b2b00 3151{
e1ec3a88 3152 return PL_no_modify;
9e6b2b00
GS		 3153}
3154
3155U32 *
864dbfa3 3156Perl_get_opargs(pTHX)
9e6b2b00 3157{
27da23d5 3158 return (U32 *)PL_opargs;
9e6b2b00 3159}
51aa15f3 3160
0cb96387
GS		 3161PPADDR_t*
3162Perl_get_ppaddr(pTHX)
3163{
27da23d5 3164 dVAR;
12ae5dfc 3165 return (PPADDR_t*)PL_ppaddr;
0cb96387
GS		 3166}
3167
a6c40364
GS		 3168#ifndef HAS_GETENV_LEN
3169char *
bf4acbe4 3170Perl_getenv_len(pTHX_ const char *env_elem, unsigned long *len)
a6c40364 3171{
8772537c 3172 char * const env_trans = PerlEnv_getenv(env_elem);
a6c40364
GS		 3173 if (env_trans)
3174 *len = strlen(env_trans);
3175 return env_trans;
f675dbe5
CB		 3176}
3177#endif
3178
dc9e4912
GS		 3179
3180MGVTBL*
864dbfa3 3181Perl_get_vtbl(pTHX_ int vtbl_id)
dc9e4912 3182{
7452cf6a 3183 const MGVTBL* result;
dc9e4912
GS		 3184
3185 switch(vtbl_id) {
3186 case want_vtbl_sv:
3187 result = &PL_vtbl_sv;
3188 break;
3189 case want_vtbl_env:
3190 result = &PL_vtbl_env;
3191 break;
3192 case want_vtbl_envelem:
3193 result = &PL_vtbl_envelem;
3194 break;
3195 case want_vtbl_sig:
3196 result = &PL_vtbl_sig;
3197 break;
3198 case want_vtbl_sigelem:
3199 result = &PL_vtbl_sigelem;
3200 break;
3201 case want_vtbl_pack:
3202 result = &PL_vtbl_pack;
3203 break;
3204 case want_vtbl_packelem:
3205 result = &PL_vtbl_packelem;
3206 break;
3207 case want_vtbl_dbline:
3208 result = &PL_vtbl_dbline;
3209 break;
3210 case want_vtbl_isa:
3211 result = &PL_vtbl_isa;
3212 break;
3213 case want_vtbl_isaelem:
3214 result = &PL_vtbl_isaelem;
3215 break;
3216 case want_vtbl_arylen:
3217 result = &PL_vtbl_arylen;
3218 break;
3219 case want_vtbl_glob:
3220 result = &PL_vtbl_glob;
3221 break;
3222 case want_vtbl_mglob:
3223 result = &PL_vtbl_mglob;
3224 break;
3225 case want_vtbl_nkeys:
3226 result = &PL_vtbl_nkeys;
3227 break;
3228 case want_vtbl_taint:
3229 result = &PL_vtbl_taint;
3230 break;
3231 case want_vtbl_substr:
3232 result = &PL_vtbl_substr;
3233 break;
3234 case want_vtbl_vec:
3235 result = &PL_vtbl_vec;
3236 break;
3237 case want_vtbl_pos:
3238 result = &PL_vtbl_pos;
3239 break;
3240 case want_vtbl_bm:
3241 result = &PL_vtbl_bm;
3242 break;
3243 case want_vtbl_fm:
3244 result = &PL_vtbl_fm;
3245 break;
3246 case want_vtbl_uvar:
3247 result = &PL_vtbl_uvar;
3248 break;
dc9e4912
GS		 3249 case want_vtbl_defelem:
3250 result = &PL_vtbl_defelem;
3251 break;
3252 case want_vtbl_regexp:
3253 result = &PL_vtbl_regexp;
3254 break;
3255 case want_vtbl_regdata:
3256 result = &PL_vtbl_regdata;
3257 break;
3258 case want_vtbl_regdatum:
3259 result = &PL_vtbl_regdatum;
3260 break;
3c90161d 3261#ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE
dc9e4912
GS		 3262 case want_vtbl_collxfrm:
3263 result = &PL_vtbl_collxfrm;
3264 break;
3c90161d 3265#endif
dc9e4912
GS		 3266 case want_vtbl_amagic:
3267 result = &PL_vtbl_amagic;
3268 break;
3269 case want_vtbl_amagicelem:
3270 result = &PL_vtbl_amagicelem;
3271 break;
810b8aa5
GS		 3272 case want_vtbl_backref:
3273 result = &PL_vtbl_backref;
3274 break;
7e8c5dac
HS		 3275 case want_vtbl_utf8:
3276 result = &PL_vtbl_utf8;
3277 break;
7452cf6a
AL		 3278 default:
3279 result = Null(MGVTBL*);
3280 break;
dc9e4912 3281 }
27da23d5 3282 return (MGVTBL*)result;
dc9e4912
GS		 3283}
3284
767df6a1 3285I32
864dbfa3 3286Perl_my_fflush_all(pTHX)
767df6a1 3287{
f800e14d 3288#if defined(USE_PERLIO) || defined(FFLUSH_NULL) || defined(USE_SFIO)
ce720889 3289 return PerlIO_flush(NULL);
767df6a1 3290#else
8fbdfb7c 3291# if defined(HAS__FWALK)
f13a2bc0 3292 extern int fflush(FILE *);
74cac757
JH		 3293 /* undocumented, unprototyped, but very useful BSDism */
3294 extern void _fwalk(int (*)(FILE *));
8fbdfb7c 3295 _fwalk(&fflush);
74cac757 3296 return 0;
8fa7f367 3297# else
8fbdfb7c 3298# if defined(FFLUSH_ALL) && defined(HAS_STDIO_STREAM_ARRAY)
8fa7f367 3299 long open_max = -1;
8fbdfb7c 3300# ifdef PERL_FFLUSH_ALL_FOPEN_MAX
d2201af2 3301 open_max = PERL_FFLUSH_ALL_FOPEN_MAX;
8fbdfb7c 3302# else
8fa7f367 3303# if defined(HAS_SYSCONF) && defined(_SC_OPEN_MAX)
767df6a1 3304 open_max = sysconf(_SC_OPEN_MAX);
8fa7f367
JH		 3305# else
3306# ifdef FOPEN_MAX
74cac757 3307 open_max = FOPEN_MAX;
8fa7f367
JH		 3308# else
3309# ifdef OPEN_MAX
74cac757 3310 open_max = OPEN_MAX;
8fa7f367
JH		 3311# else
3312# ifdef _NFILE
d2201af2 3313 open_max = _NFILE;
8fa7f367
JH		 3314# endif
3315# endif
74cac757 3316# endif
767df6a1
JH		 3317# endif
3318# endif
767df6a1
JH		 3319 if (open_max > 0) {
3320 long i;
3321 for (i = 0; i < open_max; i++)
d2201af2
AD		 3322 if (STDIO_STREAM_ARRAY[i]._file >= 0 &&
3323 STDIO_STREAM_ARRAY[i]._file < open_max &&
3324 STDIO_STREAM_ARRAY[i]._flag)
3325 PerlIO_flush(&STDIO_STREAM_ARRAY[i]);
767df6a1
JH		 3326 return 0;
3327 }
8fbdfb7c 3328# endif
93189314 3329 SETERRNO(EBADF,RMS_IFI);
767df6a1 3330 return EOF;
74cac757 3331# endif
767df6a1
JH		 3332#endif
3333}
097ee67d 3334
69282e91 3335void
e1ec3a88 3336Perl_report_evil_fh(pTHX_ const GV *gv, const IO *io, I32 op)
bc37a18f 3337{
b64e5050 3338 const char * const func =
66fc2fa5
JH		 3339 op == OP_READLINE ? "readline" : /* "<HANDLE>" not nice */
3340 op == OP_LEAVEWRITE ? "write" : /* "write exit" not nice */
bc37a18f 3341 PL_op_desc[op];
b64e5050
AL		 3342 const char * const pars = OP_IS_FILETEST(op) ? "" : "()";
3343 const char * const type = OP_IS_SOCKET(op)
3aed30dc
HS		 3344 || (gv && io && IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_SOCKET)
3345 ? "socket" : "filehandle";
b64e5050 3346 const char * const name = gv && isGV(gv) ? GvENAME(gv) : NULL;
66fc2fa5 3347
4c80c0b2 3348 if (op == OP_phoney_OUTPUT_ONLY || op == OP_phoney_INPUT_ONLY) {
3aed30dc 3349 if (ckWARN(WARN_IO)) {
b64e5050 3350 const char * const direction = (op == OP_phoney_INPUT_ONLY) ? "in" : "out";
3aed30dc
HS		 3351 if (name && *name)
3352 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_IO),
3353 "Filehandle %s opened only for %sput",
fd322ea4 3354 name, direction);
3aed30dc
HS		 3355 else
3356 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_IO),
fd322ea4 3357 "Filehandle opened only for %sput", direction);
3aed30dc 3358 }
2dd78f96
JH		 3359 }
3360 else {
e1ec3a88 3361 const char *vile;
3aed30dc
HS		 3362 I32 warn_type;
3363
3364 if (gv && io && IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_CLOSED) {
3365 vile = "closed";
3366 warn_type = WARN_CLOSED;
3367 }
3368 else {
3369 vile = "unopened";
3370 warn_type = WARN_UNOPENED;
3371 }
3372
3373 if (ckWARN(warn_type)) {
3374 if (name && *name) {
3375 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(warn_type),
3376 "%s%s on %s %s %s", func, pars, vile, type, name);
3377 if (io && IoDIRP(io) && !(IoFLAGS(io) & IOf_FAKE_DIRP))
3378 Perl_warner(
3379 aTHX_ packWARN(warn_type),
3380 "\t(Are you trying to call %s%s on dirhandle %s?)\n",
3381 func, pars, name
3382 );
3383 }
3384 else {
3385 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(warn_type),
3386 "%s%s on %s %s", func, pars, vile, type);
3387 if (gv && io && IoDIRP(io) && !(IoFLAGS(io) & IOf_FAKE_DIRP))
3388 Perl_warner(
3389 aTHX_ packWARN(warn_type),
3390 "\t(Are you trying to call %s%s on dirhandle?)\n",
3391 func, pars
3392 );
3393 }
3394 }
bc37a18f 3395 }
69282e91 3396}
a926ef6b
JH		 3397
3398#ifdef EBCDIC
cbebf344
JH		 3399/* in ASCII order, not that it matters */
3400static const char controllablechars[] = "?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\\]^_";
3401
a926ef6b
JH		 3402int
3403Perl_ebcdic_control(pTHX_ int ch)
3404{
3aed30dc 3405 if (ch > 'a') {
e1ec3a88 3406 const char *ctlp;
3aed30dc
HS		 3407
3408 if (islower(ch))
3409 ch = toupper(ch);
3410
3411 if ((ctlp = strchr(controllablechars, ch)) == 0) {
3412 Perl_die(aTHX_ "unrecognised control character '%c'\n", ch);
a926ef6b 3413 }
3aed30dc
HS		 3414
3415 if (ctlp == controllablechars)
3416 return('\177'); /* DEL */
3417 else
3418 return((unsigned char)(ctlp - controllablechars - 1));
3419 } else { /* Want uncontrol */
3420 if (ch == '\177' || ch == -1)
3421 return('?');
3422 else if (ch == '\157')
3423 return('\177');
3424 else if (ch == '\174')
3425 return('\000');
3426 else if (ch == '^') /* '\137' in 1047, '\260' in 819 */
3427 return('\036');
3428 else if (ch == '\155')
3429 return('\037');
3430 else if (0 < ch && ch < (sizeof(controllablechars) - 1))
3431 return(controllablechars[ch+1]);
3432 else
3433 Perl_die(aTHX_ "invalid control request: '\\%03o'\n", ch & 0xFF);
3434 }
a926ef6b
JH		 3435}
3436#endif
e72cf795 3437
f6adc668 3438/* To workaround core dumps from the uninitialised tm_zone we get the
e72cf795
JH		 3439 * system to give us a reasonable struct to copy. This fix means that
3440 * strftime uses the tm_zone and tm_gmtoff values returned by
3441 * localtime(time()). That should give the desired result most of the
3442 * time. But probably not always!
3443 *
f6adc668
JH		 3444 * This does not address tzname aspects of NETaa14816.
3445 *
e72cf795 3446 */
f6adc668 3447
e72cf795
JH		 3448#ifdef HAS_GNULIBC
3449# ifndef STRUCT_TM_HASZONE
3450# define STRUCT_TM_HASZONE
3451# endif
3452#endif
3453
f6adc668
JH		 3454#ifdef STRUCT_TM_HASZONE /* Backward compat */
3455# ifndef HAS_TM_TM_ZONE
3456# define HAS_TM_TM_ZONE
3457# endif
3458#endif
3459
e72cf795 3460void
f1208910 3461Perl_init_tm(pTHX_ struct tm *ptm) /* see mktime, strftime and asctime */
e72cf795 3462{
f6adc668 3463#ifdef HAS_TM_TM_ZONE
e72cf795 3464 Time_t now;
1b6737cc 3465 const struct tm* my_tm;
e72cf795 3466 (void)time(&now);
82c57498 3467 my_tm = localtime(&now);
ca46b8ee
SP		 3468 if (my_tm)
3469 Copy(my_tm, ptm, 1, struct tm);
1b6737cc
AL		 3470#else
3471 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(ptm);
e72cf795
JH		 3472#endif
3473}
3474
3475/*
3476 * mini_mktime - normalise struct tm values without the localtime()
3477 * semantics (and overhead) of mktime().
3478 */
3479void
f1208910 3480Perl_mini_mktime(pTHX_ struct tm *ptm)
e72cf795
JH		 3481{
3482 int yearday;
3483 int secs;
3484 int month, mday, year, jday;
3485 int odd_cent, odd_year;
3486
3487#define DAYS_PER_YEAR 365
3488#define DAYS_PER_QYEAR (4*DAYS_PER_YEAR+1)
3489#define DAYS_PER_CENT (25*DAYS_PER_QYEAR-1)
3490#define DAYS_PER_QCENT (4*DAYS_PER_CENT+1)
3491#define SECS_PER_HOUR (60*60)
3492#define SECS_PER_DAY (24*SECS_PER_HOUR)
3493/* parentheses deliberately absent on these two, otherwise they don't work */
3494#define MONTH_TO_DAYS 153/5
3495#define DAYS_TO_MONTH 5/153
3496/* offset to bias by March (month 4) 1st between month/mday & year finding */
3497#define YEAR_ADJUST (4*MONTH_TO_DAYS+1)
3498/* as used here, the algorithm leaves Sunday as day 1 unless we adjust it */
3499#define WEEKDAY_BIAS 6 /* (1+6)%7 makes Sunday 0 again */
3500
3501/*
3502 * Year/day algorithm notes:
3503 *
3504 * With a suitable offset for numeric value of the month, one can find
3505 * an offset into the year by considering months to have 30.6 (153/5) days,
3506 * using integer arithmetic (i.e., with truncation). To avoid too much
3507 * messing about with leap days, we consider January and February to be
3508 * the 13th and 14th month of the previous year. After that transformation,
3509 * we need the month index we use to be high by 1 from 'normal human' usage,
3510 * so the month index values we use run from 4 through 15.
3511 *
3512 * Given that, and the rules for the Gregorian calendar (leap years are those
3513 * divisible by 4 unless also divisible by 100, when they must be divisible
3514 * by 400 instead), we can simply calculate the number of days since some
3515 * arbitrary 'beginning of time' by futzing with the (adjusted) year number,
3516 * the days we derive from our month index, and adding in the day of the
3517 * month. The value used here is not adjusted for the actual origin which
3518 * it normally would use (1 January A.D. 1), since we're not exposing it.
3519 * We're only building the value so we can turn around and get the
3520 * normalised values for the year, month, day-of-month, and day-of-year.
3521 *
3522 * For going backward, we need to bias the value we're using so that we find
3523 * the right year value. (Basically, we don't want the contribution of
3524 * March 1st to the number to apply while deriving the year). Having done
3525 * that, we 'count up' the contribution to the year number by accounting for
3526 * full quadracenturies (400-year periods) with their extra leap days, plus
3527 * the contribution from full centuries (to avoid counting in the lost leap
3528 * days), plus the contribution from full quad-years (to count in the normal
3529 * leap days), plus the leftover contribution from any non-leap years.
3530 * At this point, if we were working with an actual leap day, we'll have 0
3531 * days left over. This is also true for March 1st, however. So, we have
3532 * to special-case that result, and (earlier) keep track of the 'odd'
3533 * century and year contributions. If we got 4 extra centuries in a qcent,
3534 * or 4 extra years in a qyear, then it's a leap day and we call it 29 Feb.
3535 * Otherwise, we add back in the earlier bias we removed (the 123 from
3536 * figuring in March 1st), find the month index (integer division by 30.6),
3537 * and the remainder is the day-of-month. We then have to convert back to
3538 * 'real' months (including fixing January and February from being 14/15 in
3539 * the previous year to being in the proper year). After that, to get
3540 * tm_yday, we work with the normalised year and get a new yearday value for
3541 * January 1st, which we subtract from the yearday value we had earlier,
3542 * representing the date we've re-built. This is done from January 1
3543 * because tm_yday is 0-origin.
3544 *
3545 * Since POSIX time routines are only guaranteed to work for times since the
3546 * UNIX epoch (00:00:00 1 Jan 1970 UTC), the fact that this algorithm
3547 * applies Gregorian calendar rules even to dates before the 16th century
3548 * doesn't bother me. Besides, you'd need cultural context for a given
3549 * date to know whether it was Julian or Gregorian calendar, and that's
3550 * outside the scope for this routine. Since we convert back based on the
3551 * same rules we used to build the yearday, you'll only get strange results
3552 * for input which needed normalising, or for the 'odd' century years which
3553 * were leap years in the Julian calander but not in the Gregorian one.
3554 * I can live with that.
3555 *
3556 * This algorithm also fails to handle years before A.D. 1 gracefully, but
3557 * that's still outside the scope for POSIX time manipulation, so I don't
3558 * care.
3559 */
3560
3561 year = 1900 + ptm->tm_year;
3562 month = ptm->tm_mon;
3563 mday = ptm->tm_mday;
3564 /* allow given yday with no month & mday to dominate the result */
3565 if (ptm->tm_yday >= 0 && mday <= 0 && month <= 0) {
3566 month = 0;
3567 mday = 0;
3568 jday = 1 + ptm->tm_yday;
3569 }
3570 else {
3571 jday = 0;
3572 }
3573 if (month >= 2)
3574 month+=2;
3575 else
3576 month+=14, year--;
3577 yearday = DAYS_PER_YEAR * year + year/4 - year/100 + year/400;
3578 yearday += month*MONTH_TO_DAYS + mday + jday;
3579 /*
3580 * Note that we don't know when leap-seconds were or will be,
3581 * so we have to trust the user if we get something which looks
3582 * like a sensible leap-second. Wild values for seconds will
3583 * be rationalised, however.
3584 */
3585 if ((unsigned) ptm->tm_sec <= 60) {
3586 secs = 0;
3587 }
3588 else {
3589 secs = ptm->tm_sec;
3590 ptm->tm_sec = 0;
3591 }
3592 secs += 60 * ptm->tm_min;
3593 secs += SECS_PER_HOUR * ptm->tm_hour;
3594 if (secs < 0) {
3595 if (secs-(secs/SECS_PER_DAY*SECS_PER_DAY) < 0) {
3596 /* got negative remainder, but need positive time */
3597 /* back off an extra day to compensate */
3598 yearday += (secs/SECS_PER_DAY)-1;
3599 secs -= SECS_PER_DAY * (secs/SECS_PER_DAY - 1);
3600 }
3601 else {
3602 yearday += (secs/SECS_PER_DAY);
3603 secs -= SECS_PER_DAY * (secs/SECS_PER_DAY);
3604 }
3605 }
3606 else if (secs >= SECS_PER_DAY) {
3607 yearday += (secs/SECS_PER_DAY);
3608 secs %= SECS_PER_DAY;
3609 }
3610 ptm->tm_hour = secs/SECS_PER_HOUR;
3611 secs %= SECS_PER_HOUR;
3612 ptm->tm_min = secs/60;
3613 secs %= 60;
3614 ptm->tm_sec += secs;
3615 /* done with time of day effects */
3616 /*
3617 * The algorithm for yearday has (so far) left it high by 428.
3618 * To avoid mistaking a legitimate Feb 29 as Mar 1, we need to
3619 * bias it by 123 while trying to figure out what year it
3620 * really represents. Even with this tweak, the reverse
3621 * translation fails for years before A.D. 0001.
3622 * It would still fail for Feb 29, but we catch that one below.
3623 */
3624 jday = yearday; /* save for later fixup vis-a-vis Jan 1 */
3625 yearday -= YEAR_ADJUST;
3626 year = (yearday / DAYS_PER_QCENT) * 400;
3627 yearday %= DAYS_PER_QCENT;
3628 odd_cent = yearday / DAYS_PER_CENT;
3629 year += odd_cent * 100;
3630 yearday %= DAYS_PER_CENT;
3631 year += (yearday / DAYS_PER_QYEAR) * 4;
3632 yearday %= DAYS_PER_QYEAR;
3633 odd_year = yearday / DAYS_PER_YEAR;
3634 year += odd_year;
3635 yearday %= DAYS_PER_YEAR;
3636 if (!yearday && (odd_cent==4 || odd_year==4)) { /* catch Feb 29 */
3637 month = 1;
3638 yearday = 29;
3639 }
3640 else {
3641 yearday += YEAR_ADJUST; /* recover March 1st crock */
3642 month = yearday*DAYS_TO_MONTH;
3643 yearday -= month*MONTH_TO_DAYS;
3644 /* recover other leap-year adjustment */
3645 if (month > 13) {
3646 month-=14;
3647 year++;
3648 }
3649 else {
3650 month-=2;
3651 }
3652 }
3653 ptm->tm_year = year - 1900;
3654 if (yearday) {
3655 ptm->tm_mday = yearday;
3656 ptm->tm_mon = month;
3657 }
3658 else {
3659 ptm->tm_mday = 31;
3660 ptm->tm_mon = month - 1;
3661 }
3662 /* re-build yearday based on Jan 1 to get tm_yday */
3663 year--;
3664 yearday = year*DAYS_PER_YEAR + year/4 - year/100 + year/400;
3665 yearday += 14*MONTH_TO_DAYS + 1;
3666 ptm->tm_yday = jday - yearday;
3667 /* fix tm_wday if not overridden by caller */
3668 if ((unsigned)ptm->tm_wday > 6)
3669 ptm->tm_wday = (jday + WEEKDAY_BIAS) % 7;
3670}
b3c85772
JH		 3671
3672char *
e1ec3a88 3673Perl_my_strftime(pTHX_ const char *fmt, int sec, int min, int hour, int mday, int mon, int year, int wday, int yday, int isdst)
b3c85772
JH		 3674{
3675#ifdef HAS_STRFTIME
3676 char *buf;
3677 int buflen;
3678 struct tm mytm;
3679 int len;
3680
3681 init_tm(&mytm); /* XXX workaround - see init_tm