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f716a1dd | 1 | # File/Copy.pm. Written in 1994 by Aaron Sherman <ajs@ajs.com>. This |
2 | # source code has been placed in the public domain by the author. | |
3 | # Please be kind and preserve the documentation. | |
4 | # | |
71be2cbc | 5 | # Additions copyright 1996 by Charles Bailey. Permission is granted |
6 | # to distribute the revised code under the same terms as Perl itself. | |
f716a1dd | 7 | |
8 | package File::Copy; | |
9 | ||
3b825e41 | 10 | use 5.006; |
71be2cbc | 11 | use strict; |
b395063c | 12 | use warnings; |
f716a1dd | 13 | use Carp; |
6c254d95 | 14 | use File::Spec; |
96a91e01 | 15 | use Config; |
17f410f9 GS |
16 | our(@ISA, @EXPORT, @EXPORT_OK, $VERSION, $Too_Big, $Syscopy_is_copy); |
17 | sub copy; | |
18 | sub syscopy; | |
19 | sub cp; | |
20 | sub mv; | |
71be2cbc | 21 | |
22 | # Note that this module implements only *part* of the API defined by | |
23 | # the File/Copy.pm module of the File-Tools-2.0 package. However, that | |
24 | # package has not yet been updated to work with Perl 5.004, and so it | |
25 | # would be a Bad Thing for the CPAN module to grab it and replace this | |
26 | # module. Therefore, we set this module's version higher than 2.0. | |
ac7b122d | 27 | $VERSION = '2.07'; |
f716a1dd | 28 | |
71be2cbc | 29 | require Exporter; |
30 | @ISA = qw(Exporter); | |
31 | @EXPORT = qw(copy move); | |
32 | @EXPORT_OK = qw(cp mv); | |
f716a1dd | 33 | |
441496b2 | 34 | $Too_Big = 1024 * 1024 * 2; |
f716a1dd | 35 | |
bcdb689b JH |
36 | my $macfiles; |
37 | if ($^O eq 'MacOS') { | |
38 | $macfiles = eval { require Mac::MoreFiles }; | |
39 | warn 'Mac::MoreFiles could not be loaded; using non-native syscopy' | |
3a2263fe | 40 | if $@ && $^W; |
bcdb689b JH |
41 | } |
42 | ||
6c254d95 | 43 | sub _catname { |
71be2cbc | 44 | my($from, $to) = @_; |
45 | if (not defined &basename) { | |
46 | require File::Basename; | |
47 | import File::Basename 'basename'; | |
48 | } | |
6c254d95 CN |
49 | |
50 | if ($^O eq 'MacOS') { | |
51 | # a partial dir name that's valid only in the cwd (e.g. 'tmp') | |
52 | $to = ':' . $to if $to !~ /:/; | |
53 | } | |
54 | ||
55 | return File::Spec->catfile($to, basename($from)); | |
f716a1dd | 56 | } |
57 | ||
58 | sub copy { | |
71be2cbc | 59 | croak("Usage: copy(FROM, TO [, BUFFERSIZE]) ") |
f716a1dd | 60 | unless(@_ == 2 || @_ == 3); |
61 | ||
62 | my $from = shift; | |
63 | my $to = shift; | |
71be2cbc | 64 | |
65 | my $from_a_handle = (ref($from) | |
66 | ? (ref($from) eq 'GLOB' | |
d704f39a MG |
67 | || UNIVERSAL::isa($from, 'GLOB') |
68 | || UNIVERSAL::isa($from, 'IO::Handle')) | |
71be2cbc | 69 | : (ref(\$from) eq 'GLOB')); |
70 | my $to_a_handle = (ref($to) | |
71 | ? (ref($to) eq 'GLOB' | |
d704f39a MG |
72 | || UNIVERSAL::isa($to, 'GLOB') |
73 | || UNIVERSAL::isa($to, 'IO::Handle')) | |
71be2cbc | 74 | : (ref(\$to) eq 'GLOB')); |
75 | ||
96a91e01 | 76 | if ($from eq $to) { # works for references, too |
77 | croak("'$from' and '$to' are identical (not copied)"); | |
78 | } | |
79 | ||
ac7b122d | 80 | if ((($Config{d_symlink} && $Config{d_readlink}) || $Config{d_link}) && |
96a91e01 | 81 | !($^O eq 'Win32' || $^O eq 'os2' || $^O eq 'vms')) { |
ac7b122d SR |
82 | my @fs = stat($from); |
83 | if (@fs) { | |
96a91e01 | 84 | my @ts = stat($to); |
ac7b122d | 85 | if (@ts && $fs[0] == $ts[0] && $fs[1] == $ts[1]) { |
96a91e01 | 86 | croak("'$from' and '$to' are identical (not copied)"); |
87 | } | |
88 | } | |
89 | } | |
90 | ||
71be2cbc | 91 | if (!$from_a_handle && !$to_a_handle && -d $to && ! -d $from) { |
92 | $to = _catname($from, $to); | |
93 | } | |
94 | ||
1a04d035 | 95 | if (defined &syscopy && !$Syscopy_is_copy |
e6434134 | 96 | && !$to_a_handle |
1d84e8df JH |
97 | && !($from_a_handle && $^O eq 'os2' ) # OS/2 cannot handle handles |
98 | && !($from_a_handle && $^O eq 'mpeix') # and neither can MPE/iX. | |
7509b657 | 99 | && !($from_a_handle && $^O eq 'MSWin32') |
fa648be5 | 100 | && !($from_a_handle && $^O eq 'MacOS') |
2986a63f | 101 | && !($from_a_handle && $^O eq 'NetWare') |
1a04d035 | 102 | ) |
71be2cbc | 103 | { |
104 | return syscopy($from, $to); | |
105 | } | |
106 | ||
107 | my $closefrom = 0; | |
108 | my $closeto = 0; | |
f716a1dd | 109 | my ($size, $status, $r, $buf); |
48a5c399 | 110 | local($\) = ''; |
f716a1dd | 111 | |
23ba2776 | 112 | my $from_h; |
71be2cbc | 113 | if ($from_a_handle) { |
23ba2776 | 114 | $from_h = $from; |
f716a1dd | 115 | } else { |
fa648be5 | 116 | $from = _protect($from) if $from =~ /^\s/s; |
23ba2776 DW |
117 | $from_h = \do { local *FH }; |
118 | open($from_h, "< $from\0") or goto fail_open1; | |
119 | binmode $from_h or die "($!,$^E)"; | |
f716a1dd | 120 | $closefrom = 1; |
1a04d035 A |
121 | } |
122 | ||
23ba2776 | 123 | my $to_h; |
71be2cbc | 124 | if ($to_a_handle) { |
23ba2776 | 125 | $to_h = $to; |
1a04d035 | 126 | } else { |
fa648be5 | 127 | $to = _protect($to) if $to =~ /^\s/s; |
23ba2776 DW |
128 | $to_h = \do { local *FH }; |
129 | open($to_h,"> $to\0") or goto fail_open2; | |
130 | binmode $to_h or die "($!,$^E)"; | |
71be2cbc | 131 | $closeto = 1; |
1a04d035 | 132 | } |
f716a1dd | 133 | |
134 | if (@_) { | |
135 | $size = shift(@_) + 0; | |
136 | croak("Bad buffer size for copy: $size\n") unless ($size > 0); | |
137 | } else { | |
025a6ea3 | 138 | $size = tied(*$from_h) ? 0 : -s $from_h || 0; |
f716a1dd | 139 | $size = 1024 if ($size < 512); |
441496b2 | 140 | $size = $Too_Big if ($size > $Too_Big); |
f716a1dd | 141 | } |
142 | ||
71be2cbc | 143 | $! = 0; |
144 | for (;;) { | |
145 | my ($r, $w, $t); | |
23ba2776 | 146 | defined($r = sysread($from_h, $buf, $size)) |
71be2cbc | 147 | or goto fail_inner; |
148 | last unless $r; | |
149 | for ($w = 0; $w < $r; $w += $t) { | |
23ba2776 | 150 | $t = syswrite($to_h, $buf, $r - $w, $w) |
71be2cbc | 151 | or goto fail_inner; |
f716a1dd | 152 | } |
153 | } | |
71be2cbc | 154 | |
23ba2776 DW |
155 | close($to_h) || goto fail_open2 if $closeto; |
156 | close($from_h) || goto fail_open1 if $closefrom; | |
71be2cbc | 157 | |
48a5c399 | 158 | # Use this idiom to avoid uninitialized value warning. |
f716a1dd | 159 | return 1; |
1a04d035 | 160 | |
f716a1dd | 161 | # All of these contortions try to preserve error messages... |
162 | fail_inner: | |
163 | if ($closeto) { | |
164 | $status = $!; | |
165 | $! = 0; | |
23ba2776 | 166 | close $to_h; |
f716a1dd | 167 | $! = $status unless $!; |
168 | } | |
169 | fail_open2: | |
170 | if ($closefrom) { | |
171 | $status = $!; | |
172 | $! = 0; | |
23ba2776 | 173 | close $from_h; |
f716a1dd | 174 | $! = $status unless $!; |
175 | } | |
176 | fail_open1: | |
f716a1dd | 177 | return 0; |
178 | } | |
9b957b78 | 179 | |
441496b2 | 180 | sub move { |
71be2cbc | 181 | my($from,$to) = @_; |
fa76202e | 182 | my($fromsz,$tosz1,$tomt1,$tosz2,$tomt2,$sts,$ossts); |
441496b2 | 183 | |
71be2cbc | 184 | if (-d $to && ! -d $from) { |
185 | $to = _catname($from, $to); | |
186 | } | |
187 | ||
188 | ($tosz1,$tomt1) = (stat($to))[7,9]; | |
189 | $fromsz = -s $from; | |
e6434134 IZ |
190 | if ($^O eq 'os2' and defined $tosz1 and defined $fromsz) { |
191 | # will not rename with overwrite | |
192 | unlink $to; | |
193 | } | |
71be2cbc | 194 | return 1 if rename $from, $to; |
195 | ||
71be2cbc | 196 | # Did rename return an error even though it succeeded, because $to |
197 | # is on a remote NFS file system, and NFS lost the server's ack? | |
198 | return 1 if defined($fromsz) && !-e $from && # $from disappeared | |
199 | (($tosz2,$tomt2) = (stat($to))[7,9]) && # $to's there | |
200 | ($tosz1 != $tosz2 or $tomt1 != $tomt2) && # and changed | |
201 | $tosz2 == $fromsz; # it's all there | |
1a04d035 | 202 | |
71be2cbc | 203 | ($tosz1,$tomt1) = (stat($to))[7,9]; # just in case rename did something |
fa76202e EA |
204 | return 1 if copy($from,$to) && unlink($from); |
205 | ($sts,$ossts) = ($! + 0, $^E + 0); | |
1a04d035 | 206 | |
71be2cbc | 207 | ($tosz2,$tomt2) = ((stat($to))[7,9],0,0) if defined $tomt1; |
208 | unlink($to) if !defined($tomt1) or $tomt1 != $tomt2 or $tosz1 != $tosz2; | |
209 | ($!,$^E) = ($sts,$ossts); | |
210 | return 0; | |
441496b2 | 211 | } |
9b957b78 | 212 | |
71be2cbc | 213 | *cp = \© |
214 | *mv = \&move; | |
215 | ||
fa648be5 CN |
216 | |
217 | if ($^O eq 'MacOS') { | |
218 | *_protect = sub { MacPerl::MakeFSSpec($_[0]) }; | |
219 | } else { | |
220 | *_protect = sub { "./$_[0]" }; | |
221 | } | |
222 | ||
9b957b78 | 223 | # &syscopy is an XSUB under OS/2 |
1d84e8df JH |
224 | unless (defined &syscopy) { |
225 | if ($^O eq 'VMS') { | |
226 | *syscopy = \&rmscopy; | |
227 | } elsif ($^O eq 'mpeix') { | |
228 | *syscopy = sub { | |
3f5ee302 | 229 | return 0 unless @_ == 2; |
1d84e8df JH |
230 | # Use the MPE cp program in order to |
231 | # preserve MPE file attributes. | |
232 | return system('/bin/cp', '-f', $_[0], $_[1]) == 0; | |
233 | }; | |
7509b657 GS |
234 | } elsif ($^O eq 'MSWin32') { |
235 | *syscopy = sub { | |
236 | return 0 unless @_ == 2; | |
237 | return Win32::CopyFile(@_, 1); | |
238 | }; | |
bcdb689b | 239 | } elsif ($macfiles) { |
fa648be5 CN |
240 | *syscopy = sub { |
241 | my($from, $to) = @_; | |
242 | my($dir, $toname); | |
243 | ||
244 | return 0 unless -e $from; | |
245 | ||
246 | if ($to =~ /(.*:)([^:]+):?$/) { | |
247 | ($dir, $toname) = ($1, $2); | |
248 | } else { | |
249 | ($dir, $toname) = (":", $to); | |
250 | } | |
251 | ||
252 | unlink($to); | |
253 | Mac::MoreFiles::FSpFileCopy($from, $dir, $toname, 1); | |
254 | }; | |
1d84e8df | 255 | } else { |
1a04d035 | 256 | $Syscopy_is_copy = 1; |
1d84e8df JH |
257 | *syscopy = \© |
258 | } | |
259 | } | |
f716a1dd | 260 | |
261 | 1; | |
262 | ||
263 | __END__ | |
a5f75d66 | 264 | |
f716a1dd | 265 | =head1 NAME |
266 | ||
267 | File::Copy - Copy files or filehandles | |
268 | ||
a5f75d66 | 269 | =head1 SYNOPSIS |
f716a1dd | 270 | |
5ce10329 | 271 | use File::Copy; |
f716a1dd | 272 | |
5ce10329 NC |
273 | copy("file1","file2") or die "Copy failed: $!"; |
274 | copy("Copy.pm",\*STDOUT); | |
441496b2 | 275 | move("/dev1/fileA","/dev2/fileB"); |
f716a1dd | 276 | |
5ce10329 | 277 | use POSIX; |
f716a1dd | 278 | use File::Copy cp; |
279 | ||
23f3aea0 | 280 | $n = FileHandle->new("/a/file","r"); |
f716a1dd | 281 | cp($n,"x");' |
282 | ||
283 | =head1 DESCRIPTION | |
284 | ||
441496b2 CB |
285 | The File::Copy module provides two basic functions, C<copy> and |
286 | C<move>, which are useful for getting the contents of a file from | |
287 | one place to another. | |
288 | ||
289 | =over 4 | |
290 | ||
291 | =item * | |
292 | ||
293 | The C<copy> function takes two | |
f716a1dd | 294 | parameters: a file to copy from and a file to copy to. Either |
295 | argument may be a string, a FileHandle reference or a FileHandle | |
296 | glob. Obviously, if the first argument is a filehandle of some | |
297 | sort, it will be read from, and if it is a file I<name> it will | |
298 | be opened for reading. Likewise, the second argument will be | |
96a91e01 | 299 | written to (and created if need be). Trying to copy a file on top |
300 | of itself is a fatal error. | |
71be2cbc | 301 | |
302 | B<Note that passing in | |
9b957b78 | 303 | files as handles instead of names may lead to loss of information |
304 | on some operating systems; it is recommended that you use file | |
e6434134 | 305 | names whenever possible.> Files are opened in binary mode where |
8dcee03e | 306 | applicable. To get a consistent behaviour when copying from a |
e6434134 | 307 | filehandle to a file, use C<binmode> on the filehandle. |
f716a1dd | 308 | |
309 | An optional third parameter can be used to specify the buffer | |
310 | size used for copying. This is the number of bytes from the | |
311 | first file, that wil be held in memory at any given time, before | |
312 | being written to the second file. The default buffer size depends | |
313 | upon the file, but will generally be the whole file (up to 2Mb), or | |
314 | 1k for filehandles that do not reference files (eg. sockets). | |
315 | ||
316 | You may use the syntax C<use File::Copy "cp"> to get at the | |
317 | "cp" alias for this function. The syntax is I<exactly> the same. | |
318 | ||
441496b2 CB |
319 | =item * |
320 | ||
321 | The C<move> function also takes two parameters: the current name | |
71be2cbc | 322 | and the intended name of the file to be moved. If the destination |
323 | already exists and is a directory, and the source is not a | |
324 | directory, then the source file will be renamed into the directory | |
325 | specified by the destination. | |
326 | ||
327 | If possible, move() will simply rename the file. Otherwise, it copies | |
328 | the file to the new location and deletes the original. If an error occurs | |
329 | during this copy-and-delete process, you may be left with a (possibly partial) | |
441496b2 CB |
330 | copy of the file under the destination name. |
331 | ||
332 | You may use the "mv" alias for this function in the same way that | |
333 | you may use the "cp" alias for C<copy>. | |
334 | ||
335 | =back | |
336 | ||
9b957b78 | 337 | File::Copy also provides the C<syscopy> routine, which copies the |
338 | file specified in the first parameter to the file specified in the | |
339 | second parameter, preserving OS-specific attributes and file | |
340 | structure. For Unix systems, this is equivalent to the simple | |
f1442e8b SB |
341 | C<copy> routine, which doesn't preserve OS-specific attributes. For |
342 | VMS systems, this calls the C<rmscopy> routine (see below). For OS/2 | |
343 | systems, this calls the C<syscopy> XSUB directly. For Win32 systems, | |
344 | this calls C<Win32::CopyFile>. | |
9b957b78 | 345 | |
bcdb689b JH |
346 | On Mac OS (Classic), C<syscopy> calls C<Mac::MoreFiles::FSpFileCopy>, |
347 | if available. | |
348 | ||
7509b657 | 349 | =head2 Special behaviour if C<syscopy> is defined (OS/2, VMS and Win32) |
9b957b78 | 350 | |
71be2cbc | 351 | If both arguments to C<copy> are not file handles, |
352 | then C<copy> will perform a "system copy" of | |
9b957b78 | 353 | the input file to a new output file, in order to preserve file |
354 | attributes, indexed file structure, I<etc.> The buffer size | |
71be2cbc | 355 | parameter is ignored. If either argument to C<copy> is a |
356 | handle to an opened file, then data is copied using Perl | |
9b957b78 | 357 | operators, and no effort is made to preserve file attributes |
358 | or record structure. | |
359 | ||
55497cff | 360 | The system copy routine may also be called directly under VMS and OS/2 |
361 | as C<File::Copy::syscopy> (or under VMS as C<File::Copy::rmscopy>, which | |
71be2cbc | 362 | is the routine that does the actual work for syscopy). |
9b957b78 | 363 | |
441496b2 | 364 | =over 4 |
55497cff | 365 | |
9b957b78 | 366 | =item rmscopy($from,$to[,$date_flag]) |
367 | ||
71be2cbc | 368 | The first and second arguments may be strings, typeglobs, typeglob |
369 | references, or objects inheriting from IO::Handle; | |
370 | they are used in all cases to obtain the | |
9b957b78 | 371 | I<filespec> of the input and output files, respectively. The |
372 | name and type of the input file are used as defaults for the | |
373 | output file, if necessary. | |
374 | ||
375 | A new version of the output file is always created, which | |
376 | inherits the structure and RMS attributes of the input file, | |
377 | except for owner and protections (and possibly timestamps; | |
378 | see below). All data from the input file is copied to the | |
379 | output file; if either of the first two parameters to C<rmscopy> | |
380 | is a file handle, its position is unchanged. (Note that this | |
381 | means a file handle pointing to the output file will be | |
382 | associated with an old version of that file after C<rmscopy> | |
383 | returns, not the newly created version.) | |
384 | ||
385 | The third parameter is an integer flag, which tells C<rmscopy> | |
1fef88e7 JM |
386 | how to handle timestamps. If it is E<lt> 0, none of the input file's |
387 | timestamps are propagated to the output file. If it is E<gt> 0, then | |
9b957b78 | 388 | it is interpreted as a bitmask: if bit 0 (the LSB) is set, then |
389 | timestamps other than the revision date are propagated; if bit 1 | |
390 | is set, the revision date is propagated. If the third parameter | |
391 | to C<rmscopy> is 0, then it behaves much like the DCL COPY command: | |
392 | if the name or type of the output file was explicitly specified, | |
393 | then no timestamps are propagated, but if they were taken implicitly | |
394 | from the input filespec, then all timestamps other than the | |
395 | revision date are propagated. If this parameter is not supplied, | |
396 | it defaults to 0. | |
397 | ||
398 | Like C<copy>, C<rmscopy> returns 1 on success. If an error occurs, | |
399 | it sets C<$!>, deletes the output file, and returns 0. | |
400 | ||
55497cff | 401 | =back |
402 | ||
f716a1dd | 403 | =head1 RETURN |
404 | ||
441496b2 CB |
405 | All functions return 1 on success, 0 on failure. |
406 | $! will be set if an error was encountered. | |
f716a1dd | 407 | |
6c254d95 CN |
408 | =head1 NOTES |
409 | ||
410 | =over 4 | |
411 | ||
412 | =item * | |
413 | ||
414 | On Mac OS (Classic), the path separator is ':', not '/', and the | |
415 | current directory is denoted as ':', not '.'. You should be careful | |
416 | about specifying relative pathnames. While a full path always begins | |
417 | with a volume name, a relative pathname should always begin with a | |
418 | ':'. If specifying a volume name only, a trailing ':' is required. | |
419 | ||
420 | E.g. | |
421 | ||
422 | copy("file1", "tmp"); # creates the file 'tmp' in the current directory | |
423 | copy("file1", ":tmp:"); # creates :tmp:file1 | |
424 | copy("file1", ":tmp"); # same as above | |
425 | copy("file1", "tmp"); # same as above, if 'tmp' is a directory (but don't do | |
426 | # that, since it may cause confusion, see example #1) | |
427 | copy("file1", "tmp:file1"); # error, since 'tmp:' is not a volume | |
428 | copy("file1", ":tmp:file1"); # ok, partial path | |
429 | copy("file1", "DataHD:"); # creates DataHD:file1 | |
430 | ||
431 | move("MacintoshHD:fileA", "DataHD:fileB"); # moves (don't copies) files from one | |
432 | # volume to another | |
433 | ||
434 | =back | |
435 | ||
f716a1dd | 436 | =head1 AUTHOR |
437 | ||
441496b2 | 438 | File::Copy was written by Aaron Sherman I<E<lt>ajs@ajs.comE<gt>> in 1995, |
bd3fa61c | 439 | and updated by Charles Bailey I<E<lt>bailey@newman.upenn.eduE<gt>> in 1996. |
f716a1dd | 440 | |
441 | =cut | |
441496b2 | 442 |