2 # tests state variables
14 # Before loading feature.pm, test it with CORE::
15 ok eval 'CORE::state $x = 1;', 'CORE::state outside of feature.pm scope';
21 ok( ! defined state $uninit, q(state vars are undef by default) );
30 return ($x++, $y++, $z++, $t++);
33 my ($x, $y, $z, $t) = stateful();
34 is( $x, 0, 'uninitialized state var' );
35 is( $y, 1, 'initialized state var' );
36 is( $z, 2, 'lexical' );
37 is( $t, 3, 'initialized state var, list syntax' );
39 ($x, $y, $z, $t) = stateful();
40 is( $x, 1, 'incremented state var' );
41 is( $y, 2, 'incremented state var' );
42 is( $z, 2, 'reinitialized lexical' );
43 is( $t, 4, 'incremented state var, list syntax' );
45 ($x, $y, $z, $t) = stateful();
46 is( $x, 2, 'incremented state var' );
47 is( $y, 3, 'incremented state var' );
48 is( $z, 2, 'reinitialized lexical' );
49 is( $t, 5, 'incremented state var, list syntax' );
56 { state $bar = 12; $t = ++$bar }
62 is( $x, 11, 'outer state var' );
63 is( $y, 13, 'inner state var' );
66 is( $x, 12, 'outer state var' );
67 is( $y, 14, 'inner state var' );
73 # we use $outer to generate a closure
74 sub { ++$outer; ++state $x }
78 is( $f1->(), 1, 'generator 1' );
79 is( $f1->(), 2, 'generator 1' );
81 is( $f2->(), 1, 'generator 2' );
82 is( $f1->(), 3, 'generator 1 again' );
83 is( $f2->(), 2, 'generator 2 once more' );
89 sub TIESCALAR {bless {}};
90 sub FETCH { ++$fetchcount; 18 };
91 tie my $y, "countfetches";
92 sub foo { state $x = $y; $x++ }
93 ::is( foo(), 18, "initialisation with tied variable" );
94 ::is( foo(), 19, "increments correctly" );
95 ::is( foo(), 20, "increments correctly, twice" );
96 ::is( $fetchcount, 1, "fetch only called once" );
99 # state variables are shared among closures
103 state $cash_in_store = 0;
105 add => sub { $cash_in_store += $amount },
106 del => sub { $cash_in_store -= $amount },
107 bal => sub { $cash_in_store },
111 gen_cashier(59)->{add}->();
112 gen_cashier(17)->{del}->();
113 is( gen_cashier()->{bal}->(), 42, '$42 in my drawer' );
115 # stateless assignment to a state variable
118 state $reinitme = 42;
121 is( stateless(), 43, 'stateless function, first time' );
122 is( stateless(), 44, 'stateless function, second time' );
132 my $xsize = stateful_array();
133 is( $xsize, 0, 'uninitialized state array' );
135 $xsize = stateful_array();
136 is( $xsize, 1, 'uninitialized state array after one iteration' );
145 my $xhval = stateful_hash();
146 is( $xhval, 0, 'uninitialized state hash' );
148 $xhval = stateful_hash();
149 is( $xhval, 1, 'uninitialized state hash after one iteration' );
155 state $recursed_state = 123;
156 is($recursed_state, 123, "state kept through recursion ($level)");
157 noseworth($level - 1) if $level;
161 # Assignment return value
163 sub pugnax { my $x = state $y = 42; $y++; $x; }
165 is( pugnax(), 42, 'scalar state assignment return value' );
166 is( pugnax(), 43, 'scalar state assignment return value' );
170 # Test various blocks.
172 foreach my $x (1 .. 3) {
174 is ($y, 1, "foreach $x");
177 for (my $x = 1; $x < 4; $x ++) {
179 is ($y, 1, "for $x");
184 is ($y, 1, "while $x");
191 is ($y, 1, "until $x");
201 is ($z, $y, "bare block $y");
209 my @stones = qw [fred wilma barny betty];
210 my $first = $stones [0];
211 my $First = ucfirst $first;
213 foreach my $flint (@stones) {
215 is $_, $first, 'state $_';
216 ok /$first/, '/.../ binds to $_';
217 is ucfirst, $First, '$_ default argument';
219 is $_, "bambam", '$_ is still there';
224 my @simpsons = qw [Homer Marge Bart Lisa Maggie];
226 my $next = shift @simpsons;
227 state $simpson = $next;
228 is $simpson, 'Homer', 'goto 1';
229 goto again if @simpsons;
233 goto Elvis unless $vi;
234 state $calvin = ++ $vi;
235 Elvis: state $vile = ++ $vi;
236 redo unless defined $calvin;
237 is $calvin, 2, "goto 2";
238 is $vile, 1, "goto 3";
241 my @presidents = qw [Taylor Garfield Ford Arthur Monroe];
243 my $next = shift @presidents;
244 state $president = $next;
245 goto &president if @presidents;
248 my $president_answer = $presidents [0];
249 is president, $president_answer, '&goto';
251 my @flowers = qw [Bluebonnet Goldenrod Hawthorn Peony];
252 foreach my $f (@flowers) {
253 goto state $flower = $f;
254 ok 0, 'computed goto 0'; next;
255 Bluebonnet: ok 1, 'computed goto 1'; next;
256 Goldenrod: ok 0, 'computed goto 2'; next;
257 Hawthorn: ok 0, 'computed goto 3'; next;
258 Peony: ok 0, 'computed goto 4'; next;
259 ok 0, 'computed goto 5'; next;
265 my @apollo = qw [Eagle Antares Odyssey Aquarius];
266 my @result1 = map {state $x = $_;} @apollo;
267 my @result2 = grep {state $x = /Eagle/} @apollo;
270 is "@result1", $apollo [0] x @apollo, "map";
271 is "@result2", "@apollo", "grep";
275 # Reference to state variable.
277 sub reference {\state $x}
278 my $ref1 = reference;
279 my $ref2 = reference;
280 is $ref1, $ref2, "Reference to state variable";
283 # Pre/post increment.
285 foreach my $x (1 .. 3) {
288 is $y, $x, "state pre increment";
289 is $z, $x, "state post increment";
296 my $tintin = "Tin-Tin";
297 my @thunderbirds = qw [Scott Virgel Alan Gordon John];
298 my @thunderbirds2 = qw [xcott xxott xxxtt xxxxt xxxxx];
299 foreach my $x (0 .. 4) {
300 state $c = \substr $tintin, $x, 1;
301 my $d = \substr ((state $tb = $thunderbirds [$x]), $x, 1);
304 is $tintin, "xin-Tin", "substr";
305 is $tb, $thunderbirds2 [$x], "substr";
312 my @spam = qw [spam ham bacon beans];
313 foreach my $spam (@spam) {
314 given (state $spam = $spam) {
315 when ($spam [0]) {ok 1, "given"}
316 default {ok 0, "given"}
327 is $x, "two", "masked"
330 # normally closureless anon subs share a CV and pad. If the anon sub has a
331 # state var, this would mean that it is shared. Check that this doesn't
336 push @f, sub { state $x; ++$x } for 1..2;
342 # each copy of an anon sub should get its own 'once block'
345 my $x; # used to force a closure
347 push @f, sub { $x=0; state $s = $_[0]; $s } for 1..2;
357 foreach my $forbidden (<DATA>) {
361 like $@, qr/Initialization of state variables in list context currently forbidden/, "Currently forbidden: $forbidden";
364 # [perl #49522] state variable not available
368 local $SIG{__WARN__} = sub { push @warnings, $_[0] };
386 is $@, '', "eval f_49522";
387 # shouldn't be any 'not available' or 'not stay shared' warnings
388 ok !@warnings, "suppress warnings part 1 [@warnings]";
392 is $f->(), 88, "state var closure 1";
393 is g_49522(), 88, "state var closure 2";
394 ok !@warnings, "suppress warnings part 2 [@warnings]";
399 h_49522(); # initialise $t
400 is $f->(), 99, "state var closure 3";
401 ok !@warnings, "suppress warnings part 3 [@warnings]";
418 (state $a, state $b) = ();
420 (state $a, my $b) = ();
421 (state $a, state @b) = ();
422 (state $a, local @b) = ();
423 (state $a, undef, state $b) = ();
424 state ($a, undef, $b) = ();