4 perl5db.pl - the perl debugger
8 perl -d your_Perl_script
12 C<perl5db.pl> is the perl debugger. It is loaded automatically by Perl when
13 you invoke a script with C<perl -d>. This documentation tries to outline the
14 structure and services provided by C<perl5db.pl>, and to describe how you
19 The debugger can look pretty forbidding to many Perl programmers. There are
20 a number of reasons for this, many stemming out of the debugger's history.
22 When the debugger was first written, Perl didn't have a lot of its nicer
23 features - no references, no lexical variables, no closures, no object-oriented
24 programming. So a lot of the things one would normally have done using such
25 features was done using global variables, globs and the C<local()> operator
28 Some of these have survived into the current debugger; a few of the more
29 interesting and still-useful idioms are noted in this section, along with notes
30 on the comments themselves.
32 =head2 Why not use more lexicals?
34 Experienced Perl programmers will note that the debugger code tends to use
35 mostly package globals rather than lexically-scoped variables. This is done
36 to allow a significant amount of control of the debugger from outside the
39 Unfortunately, though the variables are accessible, they're not well
40 documented, so it's generally been a decision that hasn't made a lot of
41 difference to most users. Where appropriate, comments have been added to
42 make variables more accessible and usable, with the understanding that these
43 I<are> debugger internals, and are therefore subject to change. Future
44 development should probably attempt to replace the globals with a well-defined
45 API, but for now, the variables are what we've got.
47 =head2 Automated variable stacking via C<local()>
49 As you may recall from reading C<perlfunc>, the C<local()> operator makes a
50 temporary copy of a variable in the current scope. When the scope ends, the
51 old copy is restored. This is often used in the debugger to handle the
52 automatic stacking of variables during recursive calls:
57 # Do some stuff, then ...
61 What happens is that on entry to the subroutine, C<$some_global> is localized,
62 then altered. When the subroutine returns, Perl automatically undoes the
63 localization, restoring the previous value. Voila, automatic stack management.
65 The debugger uses this trick a I<lot>. Of particular note is C<DB::eval>,
66 which lets the debugger get control inside of C<eval>'ed code. The debugger
67 localizes a saved copy of C<$@> inside the subroutine, which allows it to
68 keep C<$@> safe until it C<DB::eval> returns, at which point the previous
69 value of C<$@> is restored. This makes it simple (well, I<simpler>) to keep
70 track of C<$@> inside C<eval>s which C<eval> other C<eval's>.
72 In any case, watch for this pattern. It occurs fairly often.
76 This is used to cleverly reverse the sense of a logical test depending on
77 the value of an auxiliary variable. For instance, the debugger's C<S>
78 (search for subroutines by pattern) allows you to negate the pattern
81 # Find all non-'foo' subs:
84 Boolean algebra states that the truth table for XOR looks like this:
90 (! not present and no match) --> false, don't print
94 (! not present and matches) --> true, print
98 (! present and no match) --> true, print
102 (! present and matches) --> false, don't print
106 As you can see, the first pair applies when C<!> isn't supplied, and
107 the second pair applies when it is. The XOR simply allows us to
108 compact a more complicated if-then-elseif-else into a more elegant
109 (but perhaps overly clever) single test. After all, it needed this
112 =head2 FLAGS, FLAGS, FLAGS
114 There is a certain C programming legacy in the debugger. Some variables,
115 such as C<$single>, C<$trace>, and C<$frame>, have I<magical> values composed
116 of 1, 2, 4, etc. (powers of 2) OR'ed together. This allows several pieces
117 of state to be stored independently in a single scalar.
123 is checking to see if the appropriate bit is on. Since each bit can be
124 "addressed" independently in this way, C<$scalar> is acting sort of like
125 an array of bits. Obviously, since the contents of C<$scalar> are just a
126 bit-pattern, we can save and restore it easily (it will just look like
129 The problem, is of course, that this tends to leave magic numbers scattered
130 all over your program whenever a bit is set, cleared, or checked. So why do
137 First, doing an arithmetical or bitwise operation on a scalar is
138 just about the fastest thing you can do in Perl: C<use constant> actually
139 creates a subroutine call, and array and hash lookups are much slower. Is
140 this over-optimization at the expense of readability? Possibly, but the
141 debugger accesses these variables a I<lot>. Any rewrite of the code will
142 probably have to benchmark alternate implementations and see which is the
143 best balance of readability and speed, and then document how it actually
148 Second, it's very easy to serialize a scalar number. This is done in
149 the restart code; the debugger state variables are saved in C<%ENV> and then
150 restored when the debugger is restarted. Having them be just numbers makes
155 Third, some of these variables are being shared with the Perl core
156 smack in the middle of the interpreter's execution loop. It's much faster for
157 a C program (like the interpreter) to check a bit in a scalar than to access
158 several different variables (or a Perl array).
162 =head2 What are those C<XXX> comments for?
164 Any comment containing C<XXX> means that the comment is either somewhat
165 speculative - it's not exactly clear what a given variable or chunk of
166 code is doing, or that it is incomplete - the basics may be clear, but the
167 subtleties are not completely documented.
169 Send in a patch if you can clear up, fill out, or clarify an C<XXX>.
171 =head1 DATA STRUCTURES MAINTAINED BY CORE
173 There are a number of special data structures provided to the debugger by
174 the Perl interpreter.
176 The array C<@{$main::{'_<'.$filename}}> (aliased locally to C<@dbline>
177 via glob assignment) contains the text from C<$filename>, with each
178 element corresponding to a single line of C<$filename>. Additionally,
179 breakable lines will be dualvars with the numeric component being the
180 memory address of a COP node. Non-breakable lines are dualvar to 0.
182 The hash C<%{'_<'.$filename}> (aliased locally to C<%dbline> via glob
183 assignment) contains breakpoints and actions. The keys are line numbers;
184 you can set individual values, but not the whole hash. The Perl interpreter
185 uses this hash to determine where breakpoints have been set. Any true value is
186 considered to be a breakpoint; C<perl5db.pl> uses C<$break_condition\0$action>.
187 Values are magical in numeric context: 1 if the line is breakable, 0 if not.
189 The scalar C<${"_<$filename"}> simply contains the string C<_<$filename>.
190 This is also the case for evaluated strings that contain subroutines, or
191 which are currently being executed. The $filename for C<eval>ed strings looks
192 like C<(eval 34)> or C<(re_eval 19)>.
194 =head1 DEBUGGER STARTUP
196 When C<perl5db.pl> starts, it reads an rcfile (C<perl5db.ini> for
197 non-interactive sessions, C<.perldb> for interactive ones) that can set a number
198 of options. In addition, this file may define a subroutine C<&afterinit>
199 that will be executed (in the debugger's context) after the debugger has
202 Next, it checks the C<PERLDB_OPTS> environment variable and treats its
203 contents as the argument of a C<o> command in the debugger.
205 =head2 STARTUP-ONLY OPTIONS
207 The following options can only be specified at startup.
208 To set them in your rcfile, add a call to
209 C<&parse_options("optionName=new_value")>.
215 the TTY to use for debugging i/o.
219 if set, goes in NonStop mode. On interrupt, if TTY is not set,
220 uses the value of noTTY or F<$HOME/.perldbtty$$> to find TTY using
221 Term::Rendezvous. Current variant is to have the name of TTY in this
226 if false, a dummy ReadLine is used, so you can debug
227 ReadLine applications.
231 if true, no i/o is performed until interrupt.
235 file or pipe to print line number info to. If it is a
236 pipe, a short "emacs like" message is used.
240 host:port to connect to on remote host for remote debugging.
244 file to store session history to. There is no default and so no
245 history file is written unless this variable is explicitly set.
249 number of commands to store to the file specified in C<HistFile>.
256 &parse_options("NonStop=1 LineInfo=db.out");
257 sub afterinit { $trace = 1; }
259 The script will run without human intervention, putting trace
260 information into C<db.out>. (If you interrupt it, you had better
261 reset C<LineInfo> to something I<interactive>!)
263 =head1 INTERNALS DESCRIPTION
265 =head2 DEBUGGER INTERFACE VARIABLES
267 Perl supplies the values for C<%sub>. It effectively inserts
268 a C<&DB::DB();> in front of each place that can have a
269 breakpoint. At each subroutine call, it calls C<&DB::sub> with
270 C<$DB::sub> set to the called subroutine. It also inserts a C<BEGIN
271 {require 'perl5db.pl'}> before the first line.
273 After each C<require>d file is compiled, but before it is executed, a
274 call to C<&DB::postponed($main::{'_<'.$filename})> is done. C<$filename>
275 is the expanded name of the C<require>d file (as found via C<%INC>).
277 =head3 IMPORTANT INTERNAL VARIABLES
281 Used to control when the debugger will attempt to acquire another TTY to be
286 =item * 1 - on C<fork()>
288 =item * 2 - debugger is started inside debugger
290 =item * 4 - on startup
296 The value -2 indicates that no return value should be printed.
297 Any other positive value causes C<DB::sub> to print return values.
301 The item to be eval'ed by C<DB::eval>. Used to prevent messing with the current
302 contents of C<@_> when C<DB::eval> is called.
306 Determines what messages (if any) will get printed when a subroutine (or eval)
307 is entered or exited.
311 =item * 0 - No enter/exit messages
313 =item * 1 - Print I<entering> messages on subroutine entry
315 =item * 2 - Adds exit messages on subroutine exit. If no other flag is on, acts like 1+2.
317 =item * 4 - Extended messages: C<< <in|out> I<context>=I<fully-qualified sub name> from I<file>:I<line> >>. If no other flag is on, acts like 1+4.
319 =item * 8 - Adds parameter information to messages, and overloaded stringify and tied FETCH is enabled on the printed arguments. Ignored if C<4> is not on.
321 =item * 16 - Adds C<I<context> return from I<subname>: I<value>> messages on subroutine/eval exit. Ignored if C<4> is is not on.
325 To get everything, use C<$frame=30> (or C<o f=30> as a debugger command).
326 The debugger internally juggles the value of C<$frame> during execution to
327 protect external modules that the debugger uses from getting traced.
331 Tracks current debugger nesting level. Used to figure out how many
332 C<E<lt>E<gt>> pairs to surround the line number with when the debugger
333 outputs a prompt. Also used to help determine if the program has finished
334 during command parsing.
336 =head4 C<$onetimeDump>
338 Controls what (if anything) C<DB::eval()> will print after evaluating an
343 =item * C<undef> - don't print anything
345 =item * C<dump> - use C<dumpvar.pl> to display the value returned
347 =item * C<methods> - print the methods callable on the first item returned
351 =head4 C<$onetimeDumpDepth>
353 Controls how far down C<dumpvar.pl> will go before printing C<...> while
354 dumping a structure. Numeric. If C<undef>, print all levels.
358 Used to track whether or not an C<INT> signal has been detected. C<DB::DB()>,
359 which is called before every statement, checks this and puts the user into
360 command mode if it finds C<$signal> set to a true value.
364 Controls behavior during single-stepping. Stacked in C<@stack> on entry to
365 each subroutine; popped again at the end of each subroutine.
369 =item * 0 - run continuously.
371 =item * 1 - single-step, go into subs. The C<s> command.
373 =item * 2 - single-step, don't go into subs. The C<n> command.
375 =item * 4 - print current sub depth (turned on to force this when C<too much
382 Controls the output of trace information.
386 =item * 1 - The C<t> command was entered to turn on tracing (every line executed is printed)
388 =item * 2 - watch expressions are active
390 =item * 4 - user defined a C<watchfunction()> in C<afterinit()>
394 =head4 C<$slave_editor>
396 1 if C<LINEINFO> was directed to a pipe; 0 otherwise.
400 Stack of filehandles that C<DB::readline()> will read commands from.
401 Manipulated by the debugger's C<source> command and C<DB::readline()> itself.
405 Local alias to the magical line array, C<@{$main::{'_<'.$filename}}> ,
406 supplied by the Perl interpreter to the debugger. Contains the source.
410 Previous values of watch expressions. First set when the expression is
411 entered; reset whenever the watch expression changes.
415 Saves important globals (C<$@>, C<$!>, C<$^E>, C<$,>, C<$/>, C<$\>, C<$^W>)
416 so that the debugger can substitute safe values while it's running, and
417 restore them when it returns control.
421 Saves the current value of C<$single> on entry to a subroutine.
422 Manipulated by the C<c> command to turn off tracing in all subs above the
427 The 'watch' expressions: to be evaluated before each line is executed.
431 The typeahead buffer, used by C<DB::readline>.
435 Command aliases. Stored as character strings to be substituted for a command
438 =head4 C<%break_on_load>
440 Keys are file names, values are 1 (break when this file is loaded) or undef
441 (don't break when it is loaded).
445 Keys are line numbers, values are C<condition\0action>. If used in numeric
446 context, values are 0 if not breakable, 1 if breakable, no matter what is
447 in the actual hash entry.
449 =head4 C<%had_breakpoints>
451 Keys are file names; values are bitfields:
455 =item * 1 - file has a breakpoint in it.
457 =item * 2 - file has an action in it.
461 A zero or undefined value means this file has neither.
465 Stores the debugger options. These are character string values.
469 Saves breakpoints for code that hasn't been compiled yet.
470 Keys are subroutine names, values are:
474 =item * C<compile> - break when this sub is compiled
476 =item * C<< break +0 if <condition> >> - break (conditionally) at the start of this routine. The condition will be '1' if no condition was specified.
480 =head4 C<%postponed_file>
482 This hash keeps track of breakpoints that need to be set for files that have
483 not yet been compiled. Keys are filenames; values are references to hashes.
484 Each of these hashes is keyed by line number, and its values are breakpoint
485 definitions (C<condition\0action>).
487 =head1 DEBUGGER INITIALIZATION
489 The debugger's initialization actually jumps all over the place inside this
490 package. This is because there are several BEGIN blocks (which of course
491 execute immediately) spread through the code. Why is that?
493 The debugger needs to be able to change some things and set some things up
494 before the debugger code is compiled; most notably, the C<$deep> variable that
495 C<DB::sub> uses to tell when a program has recursed deeply. In addition, the
496 debugger has to turn off warnings while the debugger code is compiled, but then
497 restore them to their original setting before the program being debugged begins
500 The first C<BEGIN> block simply turns off warnings by saving the current
501 setting of C<$^W> and then setting it to zero. The second one initializes
502 the debugger variables that are needed before the debugger begins executing.
503 The third one puts C<$^X> back to its former value.
505 We'll detail the second C<BEGIN> block later; just remember that if you need
506 to initialize something before the debugger starts really executing, that's
513 BEGIN {eval 'use IO::Handle'}; # Needed for flush only? breaks under miniperl
515 # Debugger for Perl 5.00x; perl5db.pl patch level:
518 $header = "perl5db.pl version $VERSION";
520 =head1 DEBUGGER ROUTINES
524 This function replaces straight C<eval()> inside the debugger; it simplifies
525 the process of evaluating code in the user's context.
527 The code to be evaluated is passed via the package global variable
528 C<$DB::evalarg>; this is done to avoid fiddling with the contents of C<@_>.
530 Before we do the C<eval()>, we preserve the current settings of C<$trace>,
531 C<$single>, C<$^D> and C<$usercontext>. The latter contains the
532 preserved values of C<$@>, C<$!>, C<$^E>, C<$,>, C<$/>, C<$\>, C<$^W> and the
533 user's current package, grabbed when C<DB::DB> got control. This causes the
534 proper context to be used when the eval is actually done. Afterward, we
535 restore C<$trace>, C<$single>, and C<$^D>.
537 Next we need to handle C<$@> without getting confused. We save C<$@> in a
538 local lexical, localize C<$saved[0]> (which is where C<save()> will put
539 C<$@>), and then call C<save()> to capture C<$@>, C<$!>, C<$^E>, C<$,>,
540 C<$/>, C<$\>, and C<$^W>) and set C<$,>, C<$/>, C<$\>, and C<$^W> to values
541 considered sane by the debugger. If there was an C<eval()> error, we print
542 it on the debugger's output. If C<$onetimedump> is defined, we call
543 C<dumpit> if it's set to 'dump', or C<methods> if it's set to
544 'methods'. Setting it to something else causes the debugger to do the eval
545 but not print the result - handy if you want to do something else with it
546 (the "watch expressions" code does this to get the value of the watch
547 expression but not show it unless it matters).
549 In any case, we then return the list of output from C<eval> to the caller,
550 and unwinding restores the former version of C<$@> in C<@saved> as well
551 (the localization of C<$saved[0]> goes away at the end of this scope).
553 =head3 Parameters and variables influencing execution of DB::eval()
555 C<DB::eval> isn't parameterized in the standard way; this is to keep the
556 debugger's calls to C<DB::eval()> from mucking with C<@_>, among other things.
557 The variables listed below influence C<DB::eval()>'s execution directly.
561 =item C<$evalarg> - the thing to actually be eval'ed
563 =item C<$trace> - Current state of execution tracing
565 =item C<$single> - Current state of single-stepping
567 =item C<$onetimeDump> - what is to be displayed after the evaluation
569 =item C<$onetimeDumpDepth> - how deep C<dumpit()> should go when dumping results
573 The following variables are altered by C<DB::eval()> during its execution. They
574 are "stacked" via C<local()>, enabling recursive calls to C<DB::eval()>.
578 =item C<@res> - used to capture output from actual C<eval>.
580 =item C<$otrace> - saved value of C<$trace>.
582 =item C<$osingle> - saved value of C<$single>.
584 =item C<$od> - saved value of C<$^D>.
586 =item C<$saved[0]> - saved value of C<$@>.
588 =item $\ - for output of C<$@> if there is an evaluation error.
592 =head3 The problem of lexicals
594 The context of C<DB::eval()> presents us with some problems. Obviously,
595 we want to be 'sandboxed' away from the debugger's internals when we do
596 the eval, but we need some way to control how punctuation variables and
597 debugger globals are used.
599 We can't use local, because the code inside C<DB::eval> can see localized
600 variables; and we can't use C<my> either for the same reason. The code
601 in this routine compromises and uses C<my>.
603 After this routine is over, we don't have user code executing in the debugger's
604 context, so we can use C<my> freely.
608 ############################################## Begin lexical danger zone
610 # 'my' variables used here could leak into (that is, be visible in)
611 # the context that the code being evaluated is executing in. This means that
612 # the code could modify the debugger's variables.
614 # Fiddling with the debugger's context could be Bad. We insulate things as
619 # 'my' would make it visible from user code
620 # but so does local! --tchrist
621 # Remember: this localizes @DB::res, not @main::res.
625 # Try to keep the user code from messing with us. Save these so that
626 # even if the eval'ed code changes them, we can put them back again.
627 # Needed because the user could refer directly to the debugger's
628 # package globals (and any 'my' variables in this containing scope)
629 # inside the eval(), and we want to try to stay safe.
630 local $otrace = $trace;
631 local $osingle = $single;
634 # Untaint the incoming eval() argument.
635 { ($evalarg) = $evalarg =~ /(.*)/s; }
637 # $usercontext built in DB::DB near the comment
638 # "set up the context for DB::eval ..."
639 # Evaluate and save any results.
640 @res = eval "$usercontext $evalarg;\n"; # '\n' for nice recursive debug
642 # Restore those old values.
648 # Save the current value of $@, and preserve it in the debugger's copy
649 # of the saved precious globals.
652 # Since we're only saving $@, we only have to localize the array element
653 # that it will be stored in.
654 local $saved[0]; # Preserve the old value of $@
657 # Now see whether we need to report an error back to the user.
663 # Display as required by the caller. $onetimeDump and $onetimedumpDepth
664 # are package globals.
665 elsif ($onetimeDump) {
666 if ( $onetimeDump eq 'dump' ) {
667 local $option{dumpDepth} = $onetimedumpDepth
668 if defined $onetimedumpDepth;
669 dumpit( $OUT, \@res );
671 elsif ( $onetimeDump eq 'methods' ) {
674 } ## end elsif ($onetimeDump)
678 ############################################## End lexical danger zone
680 # After this point it is safe to introduce lexicals.
681 # The code being debugged will be executing in its own context, and
682 # can't see the inside of the debugger.
684 # However, one should not overdo it: leave as much control from outside as
685 # possible. If you make something a lexical, it's not going to be addressable
686 # from outside the debugger even if you know its name.
688 # This file is automatically included if you do perl -d.
689 # It's probably not useful to include this yourself.
691 # Before venturing further into these twisty passages, it is
692 # wise to read the perldebguts man page or risk the ire of dragons.
694 # (It should be noted that perldebguts will tell you a lot about
695 # the underlying mechanics of how the debugger interfaces into the
696 # Perl interpreter, but not a lot about the debugger itself. The new
697 # comments in this code try to address this problem.)
699 # Note that no subroutine call is possible until &DB::sub is defined
700 # (for subroutines defined outside of the package DB). In fact the same is
701 # true if $deep is not defined.
703 # Enhanced by ilya@math.ohio-state.edu (Ilya Zakharevich)
705 # modified Perl debugger, to be run from Emacs in perldb-mode
706 # Ray Lischner (uunet!mntgfx!lisch) as of 5 Nov 1990
707 # Johan Vromans -- upgrade to 4.0 pl 10
708 # Ilya Zakharevich -- patches after 5.001 (and some before ;-)
710 # (We have made efforts to clarify the comments in the change log
711 # in other places; some of them may seem somewhat obscure as they
712 # were originally written, and explaining them away from the code
713 # in question seems conterproductive.. -JM)
715 ########################################################################
717 # + A lot of things changed after 0.94. First of all, core now informs
718 # debugger about entry into XSUBs, overloaded operators, tied operations,
719 # BEGIN and END. Handy with `O f=2'.
720 # + This can make debugger a little bit too verbose, please be patient
721 # and report your problems promptly.
722 # + Now the option frame has 3 values: 0,1,2. XXX Document!
723 # + Note that if DESTROY returns a reference to the object (or object),
724 # the deletion of data may be postponed until the next function call,
725 # due to the need to examine the return value.
728 # + `v' command shows versions.
731 # + `v' command shows version of readline.
732 # primitive completion works (dynamic variables, subs for `b' and `l',
733 # options). Can `p %var'
734 # + Better help (`h <' now works). New commands <<, >>, {, {{.
735 # {dump|print}_trace() coded (to be able to do it from <<cmd).
736 # + `c sub' documented.
737 # + At last enough magic combined to stop after the end of debuggee.
738 # + !! should work now (thanks to Emacs bracket matching an extra
739 # `]' in a regexp is caught).
740 # + `L', `D' and `A' span files now (as documented).
741 # + Breakpoints in `require'd code are possible (used in `R').
742 # + Some additional words on internal work of debugger.
743 # + `b load filename' implemented.
744 # + `b postpone subr' implemented.
745 # + now only `q' exits debugger (overwritable on $inhibit_exit).
746 # + When restarting debugger breakpoints/actions persist.
747 # + Buglet: When restarting debugger only one breakpoint/action per
748 # autoloaded function persists.
750 # Changes: 0.97: NonStop will not stop in at_exit().
751 # + Option AutoTrace implemented.
752 # + Trace printed differently if frames are printed too.
753 # + new `inhibitExit' option.
754 # + printing of a very long statement interruptible.
755 # Changes: 0.98: New command `m' for printing possible methods
756 # + 'l -' is a synonym for `-'.
757 # + Cosmetic bugs in printing stack trace.
758 # + `frame' & 8 to print "expanded args" in stack trace.
759 # + Can list/break in imported subs.
760 # + new `maxTraceLen' option.
761 # + frame & 4 and frame & 8 granted.
763 # + nonstoppable lines do not have `:' near the line number.
764 # + `b compile subname' implemented.
765 # + Will not use $` any more.
766 # + `-' behaves sane now.
767 # Changes: 0.99: Completion for `f', `m'.
768 # + `m' will remove duplicate names instead of duplicate functions.
769 # + `b load' strips trailing whitespace.
770 # completion ignores leading `|'; takes into account current package
771 # when completing a subroutine name (same for `l').
772 # Changes: 1.07: Many fixed by tchrist 13-March-2000
774 # + Added bare minimal security checks on perldb rc files, plus
775 # comments on what else is needed.
776 # + Fixed the ornaments that made "|h" completely unusable.
777 # They are not used in print_help if they will hurt. Strip pod
778 # if we're paging to less.
779 # + Fixed mis-formatting of help messages caused by ornaments
780 # to restore Larry's original formatting.
781 # + Fixed many other formatting errors. The code is still suboptimal,
782 # and needs a lot of work at restructuring. It's also misindented
784 # + Fixed bug where trying to look at an option like your pager
786 # + Fixed some $? processing. Note: if you use csh or tcsh, you will
787 # lose. You should consider shell escapes not using their shell,
788 # or else not caring about detailed status. This should really be
789 # unified into one place, too.
790 # + Fixed bug where invisible trailing whitespace on commands hoses you,
791 # tricking Perl into thinking you weren't calling a debugger command!
792 # + Fixed bug where leading whitespace on commands hoses you. (One
793 # suggests a leading semicolon or any other irrelevant non-whitespace
794 # to indicate literal Perl code.)
795 # + Fixed bugs that ate warnings due to wrong selected handle.
796 # + Fixed a precedence bug on signal stuff.
797 # + Fixed some unseemly wording.
798 # + Fixed bug in help command trying to call perl method code.
799 # + Fixed to call dumpvar from exception handler. SIGPIPE killed us.
801 # + Added some comments. This code is still nasty spaghetti.
802 # + Added message if you clear your pre/post command stacks which was
803 # very easy to do if you just typed a bare >, <, or {. (A command
804 # without an argument should *never* be a destructive action; this
805 # API is fundamentally screwed up; likewise option setting, which
806 # is equally buggered.)
807 # + Added command stack dump on argument of "?" for >, <, or {.
808 # + Added a semi-built-in doc viewer command that calls man with the
809 # proper %Config::Config path (and thus gets caching, man -k, etc),
810 # or else perldoc on obstreperous platforms.
811 # + Added to and rearranged the help information.
812 # + Detected apparent misuse of { ... } to declare a block; this used
813 # to work but now is a command, and mysteriously gave no complaint.
815 # Changes: 1.08: Apr 25, 2001 Jon Eveland <jweveland@yahoo.com>
817 # + This patch to perl5db.pl cleans up formatting issues on the help
818 # summary (h h) screen in the debugger. Mostly columnar alignment
819 # issues, plus converted the printed text to use all spaces, since
820 # tabs don't seem to help much here.
822 # Changes: 1.09: May 19, 2001 Ilya Zakharevich <ilya@math.ohio-state.edu>
823 # Minor bugs corrected;
824 # + Support for auto-creation of new TTY window on startup, either
825 # unconditionally, or if started as a kid of another debugger session;
826 # + New `O'ption CreateTTY
827 # I<CreateTTY> bits control attempts to create a new TTY on events:
829 # 2: debugger is started inside debugger
831 # + Code to auto-create a new TTY window on OS/2 (currently one
832 # extra window per session - need named pipes to have more...);
833 # + Simplified interface for custom createTTY functions (with a backward
834 # compatibility hack); now returns the TTY name to use; return of ''
835 # means that the function reset the I/O handles itself;
836 # + Better message on the semantic of custom createTTY function;
837 # + Convert the existing code to create a TTY into a custom createTTY
839 # + Consistent support for TTY names of the form "TTYin,TTYout";
840 # + Switch line-tracing output too to the created TTY window;
841 # + make `b fork' DWIM with CORE::GLOBAL::fork;
842 # + High-level debugger API cmd_*():
843 # cmd_b_load($filenamepart) # b load filenamepart
844 # cmd_b_line($lineno [, $cond]) # b lineno [cond]
845 # cmd_b_sub($sub [, $cond]) # b sub [cond]
846 # cmd_stop() # Control-C
847 # cmd_d($lineno) # d lineno (B)
848 # The cmd_*() API returns FALSE on failure; in this case it outputs
849 # the error message to the debugging output.
850 # + Low-level debugger API
851 # break_on_load($filename) # b load filename
852 # @files = report_break_on_load() # List files with load-breakpoints
853 # breakable_line_in_filename($name, $from [, $to])
854 # # First breakable line in the
855 # # range $from .. $to. $to defaults
856 # # to $from, and may be less than
858 # breakable_line($from [, $to]) # Same for the current file
859 # break_on_filename_line($name, $lineno [, $cond])
860 # # Set breakpoint,$cond defaults to
862 # break_on_filename_line_range($name, $from, $to [, $cond])
863 # # As above, on the first
864 # # breakable line in range
865 # break_on_line($lineno [, $cond]) # As above, in the current file
866 # break_subroutine($sub [, $cond]) # break on the first breakable line
867 # ($name, $from, $to) = subroutine_filename_lines($sub)
868 # # The range of lines of the text
869 # The low-level API returns TRUE on success, and die()s on failure.
871 # Changes: 1.10: May 23, 2001 Daniel Lewart <d-lewart@uiuc.edu>
873 # + Fixed warnings generated by "perl -dWe 42"
874 # + Corrected spelling errors
875 # + Squeezed Help (h) output into 80 columns
877 # Changes: 1.11: May 24, 2001 David Dyck <dcd@tc.fluke.com>
878 # + Made "x @INC" work like it used to
880 # Changes: 1.12: May 24, 2001 Daniel Lewart <d-lewart@uiuc.edu>
881 # + Fixed warnings generated by "O" (Show debugger options)
882 # + Fixed warnings generated by "p 42" (Print expression)
883 # Changes: 1.13: Jun 19, 2001 Scott.L.Miller@compaq.com
884 # + Added windowSize option
885 # Changes: 1.14: Oct 9, 2001 multiple
886 # + Clean up after itself on VMS (Charles Lane in 12385)
887 # + Adding "@ file" syntax (Peter Scott in 12014)
888 # + Debug reloading selfloaded stuff (Ilya Zakharevich in 11457)
889 # + $^S and other debugger fixes (Ilya Zakharevich in 11120)
890 # + Forgot a my() declaration (Ilya Zakharevich in 11085)
891 # Changes: 1.15: Nov 6, 2001 Michael G Schwern <schwern@pobox.com>
892 # + Updated 1.14 change log
893 # + Added *dbline explanatory comments
894 # + Mentioning perldebguts man page
895 # Changes: 1.16: Feb 15, 2002 Mark-Jason Dominus <mjd@plover.com>
896 # + $onetimeDump improvements
897 # Changes: 1.17: Feb 20, 2002 Richard Foley <richard.foley@rfi.net>
898 # Moved some code to cmd_[.]()'s for clarity and ease of handling,
899 # rationalised the following commands and added cmd_wrapper() to
900 # enable switching between old and frighteningly consistent new
901 # behaviours for diehards: 'o CommandSet=pre580' (sigh...)
902 # a(add), A(del) # action expr (added del by line)
903 # + b(add), B(del) # break [line] (was b,D)
904 # + w(add), W(del) # watch expr (was W,W)
905 # # added del by expr
906 # + h(summary), h h(long) # help (hh) (was h h,h)
907 # + m(methods), M(modules) # ... (was m,v)
908 # + o(option) # lc (was O)
909 # + v(view code), V(view Variables) # ... (was w,V)
910 # Changes: 1.18: Mar 17, 2002 Richard Foley <richard.foley@rfi.net>
911 # + fixed missing cmd_O bug
912 # Changes: 1.19: Mar 29, 2002 Spider Boardman
913 # + Added missing local()s -- DB::DB is called recursively.
914 # Changes: 1.20: Feb 17, 2003 Richard Foley <richard.foley@rfi.net>
915 # + pre'n'post commands no longer trashed with no args
916 # + watch val joined out of eval()
917 # Changes: 1.21: Jun 04, 2003 Joe McMahon <mcmahon@ibiblio.org>
918 # + Added comments and reformatted source. No bug fixes/enhancements.
919 # + Includes cleanup by Robin Barker and Jarkko Hietaniemi.
920 # Changes: 1.22 Jun 09, 2003 Alex Vandiver <alexmv@MIT.EDU>
921 # + Flush stdout/stderr before the debugger prompt is printed.
922 # Changes: 1.23: Dec 21, 2003 Dominique Quatravaux
923 # + Fix a side-effect of bug #24674 in the perl debugger ("odd taint bug")
924 # Changes: 1.24: Mar 03, 2004 Richard Foley <richard.foley@rfi.net>
925 # + Added command to save all debugger commands for sourcing later.
926 # + Added command to display parent inheritance tree of given class.
927 # + Fixed minor newline in history bug.
928 # Changes: 1.25: Apr 17, 2004 Richard Foley <richard.foley@rfi.net>
929 # + Fixed option bug (setting invalid options + not recognising valid short forms)
930 # Changes: 1.26: Apr 22, 2004 Richard Foley <richard.foley@rfi.net>
931 # + unfork the 5.8.x and 5.9.x debuggers.
932 # + whitespace and assertions call cleanup across versions
933 # + H * deletes (resets) history
934 # + i now handles Class + blessed objects
935 # Changes: 1.27: May 09, 2004 Richard Foley <richard.foley@rfi.net>
936 # + updated pod page references - clunky.
937 # + removed windowid restriction for forking into an xterm.
938 # + more whitespace again.
939 # + wrapped restart and enabled rerun [-n] (go back n steps) command.
940 # Changes: 1.28: Oct 12, 2004 Richard Foley <richard.foley@rfi.net>
941 # + Added threads support (inc. e and E commands)
942 # Changes: 1.29: Nov 28, 2006 Bo Lindbergh <blgl@hagernas.com>
943 # + Added macosx_get_fork_TTY support
944 # Changes: 1.30: Mar 06, 2007 Andreas Koenig <andk@cpan.org>
945 # + Added HistFile, HistSize
947 # + Remove support for assertions and -A
948 # + stop NEXT::AUTOLOAD from emitting warnings under the debugger. RT #25053
949 # + "update for Mac OS X 10.5" [finding the tty device]
950 # + "What I needed to get the forked debugger to work" [on VMS]
951 # + [perl #57016] debugger: o warn=0 die=0 ignored
952 # + Note, but don't use, PERLDBf_SAVESRC
953 # + Fix #7013: lvalue subs not working inside debugger
954 # Changes: 1.32: Jun 03, 2009 Jonathan Leto <jonathan@leto.net>
955 # + Fix bug where a key _< with undefined value was put into the symbol table
956 # + when the $filename variable is not set
958 # + Debugger prints lines to the remote port when it forks and openes a new port (f633fd2)
959 # + The debugger now continues to use RemotePort when it's been configured to use it. (11653f7)
960 # + Stop using $ENV{LESS} for parameters not intended for less (d463cf2)
961 # + Configure has a path to less and perl5db.pl can use it (bf320d6)
962 # + Die with $@ instead of empty message (86755f4)
963 # + Remove extra/useless $@ check after eval { require PadWalker } (which is still checked) (dab8d6d)
964 # + Promote eval( "require ..." ) to eval { require ... } (4a49187)
965 # + Promote eval { require( ... )} || die to mere require( ... ) (999f23b)
966 # + Remove indirect object notation from debugger (bee4b46)
967 # + Document that @{$main::{'_<'.$filename}} lines are dualvar to (COP*). (7e17a74)
968 # + Remove MacOS classic support from the debugger. (2b894b7)
969 ########################################################################
971 =head1 DEBUGGER INITIALIZATION
973 The debugger starts up in phases.
977 First, it initializes the environment it wants to run in: turning off
978 warnings during its own compilation, defining variables which it will need
979 to avoid warnings later, setting itself up to not exit when the program
980 terminates, and defaulting to printing return values for the C<r> command.
984 # Needed for the statement after exec():
986 # This BEGIN block is simply used to switch off warnings during debugger
987 # compilation. Probably it would be better practice to fix the warnings,
988 # but this is how it's done at the moment.
993 } # Switch compilation warnings off until another BEGIN.
995 local ($^W) = 0; # Switch run-time warnings off during init.
997 =head2 THREADS SUPPORT
999 If we are running under a threaded Perl, we require threads and threads::shared
1000 if the environment variable C<PERL5DB_THREADED> is set, to enable proper
1001 threaded debugger control. C<-dt> can also be used to set this.
1003 Each new thread will be announced and the debugger prompt will always inform
1004 you of each new thread created. It will also indicate the thread id in which
1005 we are currently running within the prompt like this:
1009 Where C<[tid]> is an integer thread id and C<$i> is the familiar debugger
1010 command prompt. The prompt will show: C<[0]> when running under threads, but
1011 not actually in a thread. C<[tid]> is consistent with C<gdb> usage.
1013 While running under threads, when you set or delete a breakpoint (etc.), this
1014 will apply to all threads, not just the currently running one. When you are
1015 in a currently executing thread, you will stay there until it completes. With
1016 the current implementation it is not currently possible to hop from one thread
1019 The C<e> and C<E> commands are currently fairly minimal - see C<h e> and C<h E>.
1021 Note that threading support was built into the debugger as of Perl version
1022 C<5.8.6> and debugger version C<1.2.8>.
1027 # ensure we can share our non-threaded variables or no-op
1028 if ($ENV{PERL5DB_THREADED}) {
1030 require threads::shared;
1031 import threads::shared qw(share);
1035 print "Threads support enabled\n";
1042 # This would probably be better done with "use vars", but that wasn't around
1043 # when this code was originally written. (Neither was "use strict".) And on
1044 # the principle of not fiddling with something that was working, this was
1047 # These variables control the execution of 'dumpvar.pl'.
1048 $dumpvar::hashDepth,
1049 $dumpvar::arrayDepth,
1050 $dumpvar::dumpDBFiles,
1051 $dumpvar::dumpPackages,
1052 $dumpvar::quoteHighBit,
1053 $dumpvar::printUndef,
1054 $dumpvar::globPrint,
1055 $dumpvar::usageOnly,
1057 # used to save @ARGV and extract any debugger-related flags.
1060 # used to control die() reporting in diesignal()
1063 # used to prevent multiple entries to diesignal()
1064 # (if for instance diesignal() itself dies)
1067 # used to prevent the debugger from running nonstop
1073 # without threads, $filename is not defined until DB::DB is called
1074 foreach my $k (keys (%INC)) {
1075 &share(\$main::{'_<'.$filename}) if defined $filename;
1078 # Command-line + PERLLIB:
1079 # Save the contents of @INC before they are modified elsewhere.
1082 # This was an attempt to clear out the previous values of various
1083 # trapped errors. Apparently it didn't help. XXX More info needed!
1084 # $prevwarn = $prevdie = $prevbus = $prevsegv = ''; # Does not help?!
1086 # We set these variables to safe values. We don't want to blindly turn
1087 # off warnings, because other packages may still want them.
1088 $trace = $signal = $single = 0; # Uninitialized warning suppression
1089 # (local $^W cannot help - other packages!).
1091 # Default to not exiting when program finishes; print the return
1092 # value when the 'r' command is used to return from a subroutine.
1093 $inhibit_exit = $option{PrintRet} = 1;
1095 =head1 OPTION PROCESSING
1097 The debugger's options are actually spread out over the debugger itself and
1098 C<dumpvar.pl>; some of these are variables to be set, while others are
1099 subs to be called with a value. To try to make this a little easier to
1100 manage, the debugger uses a few data structures to define what options
1101 are legal and how they are to be processed.
1103 First, the C<@options> array defines the I<names> of all the options that
1109 CommandSet HistFile HistSize
1110 hashDepth arrayDepth dumpDepth
1111 DumpDBFiles DumpPackages DumpReused
1112 compactDump veryCompact quote
1113 HighBit undefPrint globPrint
1114 PrintRet UsageOnly frame
1116 ReadLine NonStop LineInfo
1117 maxTraceLen recallCommand ShellBang
1118 pager tkRunning ornaments
1119 signalLevel warnLevel dieLevel
1120 inhibit_exit ImmediateStop bareStringify
1121 CreateTTY RemotePort windowSize
1125 @RememberOnROptions = qw(DollarCaretP);
1129 Second, C<optionVars> lists the variables that each option uses to save its
1135 hashDepth => \$dumpvar::hashDepth,
1136 arrayDepth => \$dumpvar::arrayDepth,
1137 CommandSet => \$CommandSet,
1138 DumpDBFiles => \$dumpvar::dumpDBFiles,
1139 DumpPackages => \$dumpvar::dumpPackages,
1140 DumpReused => \$dumpvar::dumpReused,
1141 HighBit => \$dumpvar::quoteHighBit,
1142 undefPrint => \$dumpvar::printUndef,
1143 globPrint => \$dumpvar::globPrint,
1144 UsageOnly => \$dumpvar::usageOnly,
1145 CreateTTY => \$CreateTTY,
1146 bareStringify => \$dumpvar::bareStringify,
1148 AutoTrace => \$trace,
1149 inhibit_exit => \$inhibit_exit,
1150 maxTraceLen => \$maxtrace,
1151 ImmediateStop => \$ImmediateStop,
1152 RemotePort => \$remoteport,
1153 windowSize => \$window,
1154 HistFile => \$histfile,
1155 HistSize => \$histsize,
1160 Third, C<%optionAction> defines the subroutine to be called to process each
1166 compactDump => \&dumpvar::compactDump,
1167 veryCompact => \&dumpvar::veryCompact,
1168 quote => \&dumpvar::quote,
1171 ReadLine => \&ReadLine,
1172 NonStop => \&NonStop,
1173 LineInfo => \&LineInfo,
1174 recallCommand => \&recallCommand,
1175 ShellBang => \&shellBang,
1177 signalLevel => \&signalLevel,
1178 warnLevel => \&warnLevel,
1179 dieLevel => \&dieLevel,
1180 tkRunning => \&tkRunning,
1181 ornaments => \&ornaments,
1182 RemotePort => \&RemotePort,
1183 DollarCaretP => \&DollarCaretP,
1188 Last, the C<%optionRequire> notes modules that must be C<require>d if an
1193 # Note that this list is not complete: several options not listed here
1194 # actually require that dumpvar.pl be loaded for them to work, but are
1195 # not in the table. A subsequent patch will correct this problem; for
1196 # the moment, we're just recommenting, and we are NOT going to change
1199 compactDump => 'dumpvar.pl',
1200 veryCompact => 'dumpvar.pl',
1201 quote => 'dumpvar.pl',
1206 There are a number of initialization-related variables which can be set
1207 by putting code to set them in a BEGIN block in the C<PERL5DB> environment
1208 variable. These are:
1212 =item C<$rl> - readline control XXX needs more explanation
1214 =item C<$warnLevel> - whether or not debugger takes over warning handling
1216 =item C<$dieLevel> - whether or not debugger takes over die handling
1218 =item C<$signalLevel> - whether or not debugger takes over signal handling
1220 =item C<$pre> - preprompt actions (array reference)
1222 =item C<$post> - postprompt actions (array reference)
1226 =item C<$CreateTTY> - whether or not to create a new TTY for this debugger
1228 =item C<$CommandSet> - which command set to use (defaults to new, documented set)
1234 # These guys may be defined in $ENV{PERL5DB} :
1235 $rl = 1 unless defined $rl;
1236 $warnLevel = 1 unless defined $warnLevel;
1237 $dieLevel = 1 unless defined $dieLevel;
1238 $signalLevel = 1 unless defined $signalLevel;
1239 $pre = [] unless defined $pre;
1240 $post = [] unless defined $post;
1241 $pretype = [] unless defined $pretype;
1242 $CreateTTY = 3 unless defined $CreateTTY;
1243 $CommandSet = '580' unless defined $CommandSet;
1248 share($signalLevel);
1258 The default C<die>, C<warn>, and C<signal> handlers are set up.
1262 warnLevel($warnLevel);
1263 dieLevel($dieLevel);
1264 signalLevel($signalLevel);
1268 The pager to be used is needed next. We try to get it from the
1269 environment first. If it's not defined there, we try to find it in
1270 the Perl C<Config.pm>. If it's not there, we default to C<more>. We
1271 then call the C<pager()> function to save the pager name.
1275 # This routine makes sure $pager is set up so that '|' can use it.
1278 # If PAGER is defined in the environment, use it.
1282 # If not, see if Config.pm defines it.
1283 : eval { require Config }
1284 && defined $Config::Config{pager}
1285 ? $Config::Config{pager}
1287 # If not, fall back to 'more'.
1290 unless defined $pager;
1294 We set up the command to be used to access the man pages, the command
1295 recall character (C<!> unless otherwise defined) and the shell escape
1296 character (C<!> unless otherwise defined). Yes, these do conflict, and
1297 neither works in the debugger at the moment.
1303 # Set up defaults for command recall and shell escape (note:
1304 # these currently don't work in linemode debugging).
1305 &recallCommand("!") unless defined $prc;
1306 &shellBang("!") unless defined $psh;
1310 We then set up the gigantic string containing the debugger help.
1311 We also set the limit on the number of arguments we'll display during a
1318 # If we didn't get a default for the length of eval/stack trace args,
1320 $maxtrace = 400 unless defined $maxtrace;
1322 =head2 SETTING UP THE DEBUGGER GREETING
1324 The debugger I<greeting> helps to inform the user how many debuggers are
1325 running, and whether the current debugger is the primary or a child.
1327 If we are the primary, we just hang onto our pid so we'll have it when
1328 or if we start a child debugger. If we are a child, we'll set things up
1329 so we'll have a unique greeting and so the parent will give us our own
1332 We save the current contents of the C<PERLDB_PIDS> environment variable
1333 because we mess around with it. We'll also need to hang onto it because
1334 we'll need it if we restart.
1336 Child debuggers make a label out of the current PID structure recorded in
1337 PERLDB_PIDS plus the new PID. They also mark themselves as not having a TTY
1338 yet so the parent will give them one later via C<resetterm()>.
1342 # Save the current contents of the environment; we're about to
1343 # much with it. We'll need this if we have to restart.
1344 $ini_pids = $ENV{PERLDB_PIDS};
1346 if ( defined $ENV{PERLDB_PIDS} ) {
1348 # We're a child. Make us a label out of the current PID structure
1349 # recorded in PERLDB_PIDS plus our (new) PID. Mark us as not having
1350 # a term yet so the parent will give us one later via resetterm().
1352 my $env_pids = $ENV{PERLDB_PIDS};
1353 $pids = "[$env_pids]";
1355 # Unless we are on OpenVMS, all programs under the DCL shell run under
1358 if (($^O eq 'VMS') && ($env_pids =~ /\b$$\b/)) {
1362 $ENV{PERLDB_PIDS} .= "->$$";
1366 } ## end if (defined $ENV{PERLDB_PIDS...
1369 # We're the parent PID. Initialize PERLDB_PID in case we end up with a
1370 # child debugger, and mark us as the parent, so we'll know to set up
1371 # more TTY's is we have to.
1372 $ENV{PERLDB_PIDS} = "$$";
1379 # Sets up $emacs as a synonym for $slave_editor.
1380 *emacs = $slave_editor if $slave_editor; # May be used in afterinit()...
1382 =head2 READING THE RC FILE
1384 The debugger will read a file of initialization options if supplied. If
1385 running interactively, this is C<.perldb>; if not, it's C<perldb.ini>.
1389 # As noted, this test really doesn't check accurately that the debugger
1390 # is running at a terminal or not.
1392 my $dev_tty = '/dev/tty';
1393 $dev_tty = 'TT:' if ($^O eq 'VMS');
1394 if ( -e $dev_tty ) { # this is the wrong metric!
1395 $rcfile = ".perldb";
1398 $rcfile = "perldb.ini";
1403 The debugger does a safety test of the file to be read. It must be owned
1404 either by the current user or root, and must only be writable by the owner.
1408 # This wraps a safety test around "do" to read and evaluate the init file.
1410 # This isn't really safe, because there's a race
1411 # between checking and opening. The solution is to
1412 # open and fstat the handle, but then you have to read and
1413 # eval the contents. But then the silly thing gets
1414 # your lexical scope, which is unfortunate at best.
1418 # Just exactly what part of the word "CORE::" don't you understand?
1419 local $SIG{__WARN__};
1420 local $SIG{__DIE__};
1422 unless ( is_safe_file($file) ) {
1423 CORE::warn <<EO_GRIPE;
1424 perldb: Must not source insecure rcfile $file.
1425 You or the superuser must be the owner, and it must not
1426 be writable by anyone but its owner.
1429 } ## end unless (is_safe_file($file...
1432 CORE::warn("perldb: couldn't parse $file: $@") if $@;
1433 } ## end sub safe_do
1435 # This is the safety test itself.
1437 # Verifies that owner is either real user or superuser and that no
1438 # one but owner may write to it. This function is of limited use
1439 # when called on a path instead of upon a handle, because there are
1440 # no guarantees that filename (by dirent) whose file (by ino) is
1441 # eventually accessed is the same as the one tested.
1442 # Assumes that the file's existence is not in doubt.
1445 stat($path) || return; # mysteriously vaporized
1446 my ( $dev, $ino, $mode, $nlink, $uid, $gid ) = stat(_);
1448 return 0 if $uid != 0 && $uid != $<;
1449 return 0 if $mode & 022;
1451 } ## end sub is_safe_file
1453 # If the rcfile (whichever one we decided was the right one to read)
1454 # exists, we safely do it.
1456 safe_do("./$rcfile");
1459 # If there isn't one here, try the user's home directory.
1460 elsif ( defined $ENV{HOME} && -f "$ENV{HOME}/$rcfile" ) {
1461 safe_do("$ENV{HOME}/$rcfile");
1464 # Else try the login directory.
1465 elsif ( defined $ENV{LOGDIR} && -f "$ENV{LOGDIR}/$rcfile" ) {
1466 safe_do("$ENV{LOGDIR}/$rcfile");
1469 # If the PERLDB_OPTS variable has options in it, parse those out next.
1470 if ( defined $ENV{PERLDB_OPTS} ) {
1471 parse_options( $ENV{PERLDB_OPTS} );
1476 The last thing we do during initialization is determine which subroutine is
1477 to be used to obtain a new terminal when a new debugger is started. Right now,
1478 the debugger only handles TCP sockets, X Windows, OS/2, amd Mac OS X
1483 # Set up the get_fork_TTY subroutine to be aliased to the proper routine.
1484 # Works if you're running an xterm or xterm-like window, or you're on
1485 # OS/2, or on Mac OS X. This may need some expansion.
1487 if (not defined &get_fork_TTY) # only if no routine exists
1489 if ( defined $remoteport ) {
1490 # Expect an inetd-like server
1491 *get_fork_TTY = \&socket_get_fork_TTY; # to listen to us
1493 elsif (defined $ENV{TERM} # If we know what kind
1494 # of terminal this is,
1495 and $ENV{TERM} eq 'xterm' # and it's an xterm,
1496 and defined $ENV{DISPLAY} # and what display it's on,
1499 *get_fork_TTY = \&xterm_get_fork_TTY; # use the xterm version
1501 elsif ( $^O eq 'os2' ) { # If this is OS/2,
1502 *get_fork_TTY = \&os2_get_fork_TTY; # use the OS/2 version
1504 elsif ( $^O eq 'darwin' # If this is Mac OS X
1505 and defined $ENV{TERM_PROGRAM} # and we're running inside
1506 and $ENV{TERM_PROGRAM}
1507 eq 'Apple_Terminal' # Terminal.app
1510 *get_fork_TTY = \&macosx_get_fork_TTY; # use the Mac OS X version
1512 } ## end if (not defined &get_fork_TTY...
1514 # untaint $^O, which may have been tainted by the last statement.
1515 # see bug [perl #24674]
1519 # Here begin the unreadable code. It needs fixing.
1521 =head2 RESTART PROCESSING
1523 This section handles the restart command. When the C<R> command is invoked, it
1524 tries to capture all of the state it can into environment variables, and
1525 then sets C<PERLDB_RESTART>. When we start executing again, we check to see
1526 if C<PERLDB_RESTART> is there; if so, we reload all the information that
1527 the R command stuffed into the environment variables.
1529 PERLDB_RESTART - flag only, contains no restart data itself.
1530 PERLDB_HIST - command history, if it's available
1531 PERLDB_ON_LOAD - breakpoints set by the rc file
1532 PERLDB_POSTPONE - subs that have been loaded/not executed, and have actions
1533 PERLDB_VISITED - files that had breakpoints
1534 PERLDB_FILE_... - breakpoints for a file
1535 PERLDB_OPT - active options
1536 PERLDB_INC - the original @INC
1537 PERLDB_PRETYPE - preprompt debugger actions
1538 PERLDB_PRE - preprompt Perl code
1539 PERLDB_POST - post-prompt Perl code
1540 PERLDB_TYPEAHEAD - typeahead captured by readline()
1542 We chug through all these variables and plug the values saved in them
1543 back into the appropriate spots in the debugger.
1547 if ( exists $ENV{PERLDB_RESTART} ) {
1549 # We're restarting, so we don't need the flag that says to restart anymore.
1550 delete $ENV{PERLDB_RESTART};
1553 @hist = get_list('PERLDB_HIST');
1554 %break_on_load = get_list("PERLDB_ON_LOAD");
1555 %postponed = get_list("PERLDB_POSTPONE");
1559 share(%break_on_load);
1562 # restore breakpoints/actions
1563 my @had_breakpoints = get_list("PERLDB_VISITED");
1564 for ( 0 .. $#had_breakpoints ) {
1565 my %pf = get_list("PERLDB_FILE_$_");
1566 $postponed_file{ $had_breakpoints[$_] } = \%pf if %pf;
1570 my %opt = get_list("PERLDB_OPT");
1572 while ( ( $opt, $val ) = each %opt ) {
1573 $val =~ s/[\\\']/\\$1/g;
1574 parse_options("$opt'$val'");
1577 # restore original @INC
1578 @INC = get_list("PERLDB_INC");
1581 # return pre/postprompt actions and typeahead buffer
1582 $pretype = [ get_list("PERLDB_PRETYPE") ];
1583 $pre = [ get_list("PERLDB_PRE") ];
1584 $post = [ get_list("PERLDB_POST") ];
1585 @typeahead = get_list( "PERLDB_TYPEAHEAD", @typeahead );
1586 } ## end if (exists $ENV{PERLDB_RESTART...
1588 =head2 SETTING UP THE TERMINAL
1590 Now, we'll decide how the debugger is going to interact with the user.
1591 If there's no TTY, we set the debugger to run non-stop; there's not going
1592 to be anyone there to enter commands.
1603 If there is a TTY, we have to determine who it belongs to before we can
1604 proceed. If this is a slave editor or graphical debugger (denoted by
1605 the first command-line switch being '-emacs'), we shift this off and
1606 set C<$rl> to 0 (XXX ostensibly to do straight reads).
1612 # Is Perl being run from a slave editor or graphical debugger?
1613 # If so, don't use readline, and set $slave_editor = 1.
1615 ( ( defined $main::ARGV[0] ) and ( $main::ARGV[0] eq '-emacs' ) );
1616 $rl = 0, shift(@main::ARGV) if $slave_editor;
1618 #require Term::ReadLine;
1622 We then determine what the console should be on various systems:
1626 =item * Cygwin - We use C<stdin> instead of a separate device.
1630 if ( $^O eq 'cygwin' ) {
1632 # /dev/tty is binary. use stdin for textmode
1636 =item * Unix - use C</dev/tty>.
1640 elsif ( -e "/dev/tty" ) {
1641 $console = "/dev/tty";
1644 =item * Windows or MSDOS - use C<con>.
1648 elsif ( $^O eq 'dos' or -e "con" or $^O eq 'MSWin32' ) {
1652 =item * VMS - use C<sys$command>.
1658 # everything else is ...
1659 $console = "sys\$command";
1666 Several other systems don't use a specific console. We C<undef $console>
1667 for those (Windows using a slave editor/graphical debugger, NetWare, OS/2
1668 with a slave editor, Epoc).
1672 if ( ( $^O eq 'MSWin32' ) and ( $slave_editor or defined $ENV{EMACS} ) ) {
1674 # /dev/tty is binary. use stdin for textmode
1678 if ( $^O eq 'NetWare' ) {
1680 # /dev/tty is binary. use stdin for textmode
1684 # In OS/2, we need to use STDIN to get textmode too, even though
1685 # it pretty much looks like Unix otherwise.
1686 if ( defined $ENV{OS2_SHELL} and ( $slave_editor or $ENV{WINDOWID} ) )
1691 # EPOC also falls into the 'got to use STDIN' camp.
1692 if ( $^O eq 'epoc' ) {
1698 If there is a TTY hanging around from a parent, we use that as the console.
1702 $console = $tty if defined $tty;
1704 =head2 SOCKET HANDLING
1706 The debugger is capable of opening a socket and carrying out a debugging
1707 session over the socket.
1709 If C<RemotePort> was defined in the options, the debugger assumes that it
1710 should try to start a debugging session on that port. It builds the socket
1711 and then tries to connect the input and output filehandles to it.
1715 # Handle socket stuff.
1717 if ( defined $remoteport ) {
1719 # If RemotePort was defined in the options, connect input and output
1721 $IN = $OUT = connect_remoteport();
1722 } ## end if (defined $remoteport)
1726 If no C<RemotePort> was defined, and we want to create a TTY on startup,
1727 this is probably a situation where multiple debuggers are running (for example,
1728 a backticked command that starts up another debugger). We create a new IN and
1729 OUT filehandle, and do the necessary mojo to create a new TTY if we know how
1737 # Two debuggers running (probably a system or a backtick that invokes
1738 # the debugger itself under the running one). create a new IN and OUT
1739 # filehandle, and do the necessary mojo to create a new tty if we
1740 # know how, and we can.
1741 create_IN_OUT(4) if $CreateTTY & 4;
1744 # If we have a console, check to see if there are separate ins and
1745 # outs to open. (They are assumed identical if not.)
1747 my ( $i, $o ) = split /,/, $console;
1748 $o = $i unless defined $o;
1750 # read/write on in, or just read, or read on STDIN.
1752 || open( IN, "<$i" )
1753 || open( IN, "<&STDIN" );
1755 # read/write/create/clobber out, or write/create/clobber out,
1756 # or merge with STDERR, or merge with STDOUT.
1758 || open( OUT, ">$o" )
1759 || open( OUT, ">&STDERR" )
1760 || open( OUT, ">&STDOUT" ); # so we don't dongle stdout
1762 } ## end if ($console)
1763 elsif ( not defined $console ) {
1765 # No console. Open STDIN.
1766 open( IN, "<&STDIN" );
1768 # merge with STDERR, or with STDOUT.
1769 open( OUT, ">&STDERR" )
1770 || open( OUT, ">&STDOUT" ); # so we don't dongle stdout
1771 $console = 'STDIN/OUT';
1772 } ## end elsif (not defined $console)
1774 # Keep copies of the filehandles so that when the pager runs, it
1775 # can close standard input without clobbering ours.
1776 $IN = \*IN, $OUT = \*OUT if $console or not defined $console;
1777 } ## end elsif (from if(defined $remoteport))
1779 # Unbuffer DB::OUT. We need to see responses right away.
1780 my $previous = select($OUT);
1781 $| = 1; # for DB::OUT
1784 # Line info goes to debugger output unless pointed elsewhere.
1785 # Pointing elsewhere makes it possible for slave editors to
1786 # keep track of file and position. We have both a filehandle
1787 # and a I/O description to keep track of.
1788 $LINEINFO = $OUT unless defined $LINEINFO;
1789 $lineinfo = $console unless defined $lineinfo;
1790 # share($LINEINFO); # <- unable to share globs
1795 To finish initialization, we show the debugger greeting,
1796 and then call the C<afterinit()> subroutine if there is one.
1800 # Show the debugger greeting.
1801 $header =~ s/.Header: ([^,]+),v(\s+\S+\s+\S+).*$/$1$2/;
1802 unless ($runnonstop) {
1805 if ( $term_pid eq '-1' ) {
1806 print $OUT "\nDaughter DB session started...\n";
1809 print $OUT "\nLoading DB routines from $header\n";
1812 $slave_editor ? "enabled" : "available", ".\n"
1815 "\nEnter h or `h h' for help, or `$doccmd perldebug' for more help.\n\n";
1816 } ## end else [ if ($term_pid eq '-1')
1817 } ## end unless ($runnonstop)
1818 } ## end else [ if ($notty)
1820 # XXX This looks like a bug to me.
1821 # Why copy to @ARGS and then futz with @args?
1824 # Make sure backslashes before single quotes are stripped out, and
1825 # keep args unless they are numeric (XXX why?)
1826 # s/\'/\\\'/g; # removed while not justified understandably
1827 # s/(.*)/'$1'/ unless /^-?[\d.]+$/; # ditto
1830 # If there was an afterinit() sub defined, call it. It will get
1831 # executed in our scope, so it can fiddle with debugger globals.
1832 if ( defined &afterinit ) { # May be defined in $rcfile
1836 # Inform us about "Stack dump during die enabled ..." in dieLevel().
1839 ############################################################ Subroutines
1845 This gigantic subroutine is the heart of the debugger. Called before every
1846 statement, its job is to determine if a breakpoint has been reached, and
1847 stop if so; read commands from the user, parse them, and execute
1848 them, and then send execution off to the next statement.
1850 Note that the order in which the commands are processed is very important;
1851 some commands earlier in the loop will actually alter the C<$cmd> variable
1852 to create other commands to be executed later. This is all highly I<optimized>
1853 but can be confusing. Check the comments for each C<$cmd ... && do {}> to
1854 see what's happening in any given command.
1860 # lock the debugger and get the thread id for the prompt
1863 if ($ENV{PERL5DB_THREADED}) {
1864 $tid = eval { "[".threads->tid."]" };
1867 # Check for whether we should be running continuously or not.
1868 # _After_ the perl program is compiled, $single is set to 1:
1869 if ( $single and not $second_time++ ) {
1871 # Options say run non-stop. Run until we get an interrupt.
1872 if ($runnonstop) { # Disable until signal
1873 # If there's any call stack in place, turn off single
1874 # stepping into subs throughout the stack.
1875 for ( $i = 0 ; $i <= $stack_depth ; ) {
1876 $stack[ $i++ ] &= ~1;
1879 # And we are now no longer in single-step mode.
1882 # If we simply returned at this point, we wouldn't get
1883 # the trace info. Fall on through.
1885 } ## end if ($runnonstop)
1887 elsif ($ImmediateStop) {
1889 # We are supposed to stop here; XXX probably a break.
1890 $ImmediateStop = 0; # We've processed it; turn it off
1891 $signal = 1; # Simulate an interrupt to force
1892 # us into the command loop
1894 } ## end if ($single and not $second_time...
1896 # If we're in single-step mode, or an interrupt (real or fake)
1897 # has occurred, turn off non-stop mode.
1898 $runnonstop = 0 if $single or $signal;
1900 # Preserve current values of $@, $!, $^E, $,, $/, $\, $^W.
1901 # The code being debugged may have altered them.
1904 # Since DB::DB gets called after every line, we can use caller() to
1905 # figure out where we last were executing. Sneaky, eh? This works because
1906 # caller is returning all the extra information when called from the
1908 local ( $package, $filename, $line ) = caller;
1909 local $filename_ini = $filename;
1911 # set up the context for DB::eval, so it can properly execute
1912 # code on behalf of the user. We add the package in so that the
1913 # code is eval'ed in the proper package (not in the debugger!).
1914 local $usercontext =
1915 '($@, $!, $^E, $,, $/, $\, $^W) = @saved;' . "package $package;";
1917 # Create an alias to the active file magical array to simplify
1919 local (*dbline) = $main::{ '_<' . $filename };
1921 # Last line in the program.
1922 local $max = $#dbline;
1924 # if we have something here, see if we should break.
1926 && ( ( $stop, $action ) = split( /\0/, $dbline{$line} ) ) )
1929 # Stop if the stop criterion says to just stop.
1930 if ( $stop eq '1' ) {
1934 # It's a conditional stop; eval it in the user's context and
1935 # see if we should stop. If so, remove the one-time sigil.
1937 $evalarg = "\$DB::signal |= 1 if do {$stop}";
1939 $dbline{$line} =~ s/;9($|\0)/$1/;
1941 } ## end if ($dbline{$line} && ...
1943 # Preserve the current stop-or-not, and see if any of the W
1944 # (watch expressions) has changed.
1945 my $was_signal = $signal;
1947 # If we have any watch expressions ...
1949 for ( my $n = 0 ; $n <= $#to_watch ; $n++ ) {
1950 $evalarg = $to_watch[$n];
1951 local $onetimeDump; # Tell DB::eval() to not output results
1953 # Fix context DB::eval() wants to return an array, but
1954 # we need a scalar here.
1955 my ($val) = join( "', '", &eval );
1956 $val = ( ( defined $val ) ? "'$val'" : 'undef' );
1959 if ( $val ne $old_watch[$n] ) {
1961 # Yep! Show the difference, and fake an interrupt.
1964 Watchpoint $n:\t$to_watch[$n] changed:
1965 old value:\t$old_watch[$n]
1968 $old_watch[$n] = $val;
1969 } ## end if ($val ne $old_watch...
1970 } ## end for (my $n = 0 ; $n <= ...
1971 } ## end if ($trace & 2)
1973 =head2 C<watchfunction()>
1975 C<watchfunction()> is a function that can be defined by the user; it is a
1976 function which will be run on each entry to C<DB::DB>; it gets the
1977 current package, filename, and line as its parameters.
1979 The watchfunction can do anything it likes; it is executing in the
1980 debugger's context, so it has access to all of the debugger's internal
1981 data structures and functions.
1983 C<watchfunction()> can control the debugger's actions. Any of the following
1984 will cause the debugger to return control to the user's program after
1985 C<watchfunction()> executes:
1991 Returning a false value from the C<watchfunction()> itself.
1995 Altering C<$single> to a false value.
1999 Altering C<$signal> to a false value.
2003 Turning off the C<4> bit in C<$trace> (this also disables the
2004 check for C<watchfunction()>. This can be done with
2012 # If there's a user-defined DB::watchfunction, call it with the
2013 # current package, filename, and line. The function executes in
2015 if ( $trace & 4 ) { # User-installed watch
2017 if watchfunction( $package, $filename, $line )
2020 and not( $trace & ~4 );
2021 } ## end if ($trace & 4)
2023 # Pick up any alteration to $signal in the watchfunction, and
2024 # turn off the signal now.
2025 $was_signal = $signal;
2028 =head2 GETTING READY TO EXECUTE COMMANDS
2030 The debugger decides to take control if single-step mode is on, the
2031 C<t> command was entered, or the user generated a signal. If the program
2032 has fallen off the end, we set things up so that entering further commands
2033 won't cause trouble, and we say that the program is over.
2037 # Check to see if we should grab control ($single true,
2038 # trace set appropriately, or we got a signal).
2039 if ( $single || ( $trace & 1 ) || $was_signal ) {
2041 # Yes, grab control.
2042 if ($slave_editor) {
2044 # Tell the editor to update its position.
2045 $position = "\032\032$filename:$line:0\n";
2046 print_lineinfo($position);
2051 Special check: if we're in package C<DB::fake>, we've gone through the
2052 C<END> block at least once. We set up everything so that we can continue
2053 to enter commands and have a valid context to be in.
2057 elsif ( $package eq 'DB::fake' ) {
2059 # Fallen off the end already.
2062 Debugged program terminated. Use B<q> to quit or B<R> to restart,
2063 use B<o> I<inhibit_exit> to avoid stopping after program termination,
2064 B<h q>, B<h R> or B<h o> to get additional info.
2067 # Set the DB::eval context appropriately.
2070 '($@, $!, $^E, $,, $/, $\, $^W) = @saved;'
2071 . "package $package;"; # this won't let them modify, alas
2072 } ## end elsif ($package eq 'DB::fake')
2076 If the program hasn't finished executing, we scan forward to the
2077 next executable line, print that out, build the prompt from the file and line
2078 number information, and print that.
2084 # Still somewhere in the midst of execution. Set up the
2086 $sub =~ s/\'/::/; # Swap Perl 4 package separators (') to
2087 # Perl 5 ones (sorry, we don't print Klingon
2090 $prefix = $sub =~ /::/ ? "" : "${'package'}::";
2091 $prefix .= "$sub($filename:";
2092 $after = ( $dbline[$line] =~ /\n$/ ? '' : "\n" );
2094 # Break up the prompt if it's really long.
2095 if ( length($prefix) > 30 ) {
2096 $position = "$prefix$line):\n$line:\t$dbline[$line]$after";
2102 $position = "$prefix$line$infix$dbline[$line]$after";
2105 # Print current line info, indenting if necessary.
2107 print_lineinfo( ' ' x $stack_depth,
2108 "$line:\t$dbline[$line]$after" );
2111 print_lineinfo($position);
2114 # Scan forward, stopping at either the end or the next
2116 for ( $i = $line + 1 ; $i <= $max && $dbline[$i] == 0 ; ++$i )
2119 # Drop out on null statements, block closers, and comments.
2120 last if $dbline[$i] =~ /^\s*[\;\}\#\n]/;
2122 # Drop out if the user interrupted us.
2125 # Append a newline if the line doesn't have one. Can happen
2126 # in eval'ed text, for instance.
2127 $after = ( $dbline[$i] =~ /\n$/ ? '' : "\n" );
2129 # Next executable line.
2130 $incr_pos = "$prefix$i$infix$dbline[$i]$after";
2131 $position .= $incr_pos;
2134 # Print it indented if tracing is on.
2135 print_lineinfo( ' ' x $stack_depth,
2136 "$i:\t$dbline[$i]$after" );
2139 print_lineinfo($incr_pos);
2141 } ## end for ($i = $line + 1 ; $i...
2142 } ## end else [ if ($slave_editor)
2143 } ## end if ($single || ($trace...
2147 If there's an action to be executed for the line we stopped at, execute it.
2148 If there are any preprompt actions, execute those as well.
2152 # If there's an action, do it now.
2153 $evalarg = $action, &eval if $action;
2155 # Are we nested another level (e.g., did we evaluate a function
2156 # that had a breakpoint in it at the debugger prompt)?
2157 if ( $single || $was_signal ) {
2159 # Yes, go down a level.
2160 local $level = $level + 1;
2162 # Do any pre-prompt actions.
2163 foreach $evalarg (@$pre) {
2167 # Complain about too much recursion if we passed the limit.
2168 print $OUT $stack_depth . " levels deep in subroutine calls!\n"
2171 # The line we're currently on. Set $incr to -1 to stay here
2172 # until we get a command that tells us to advance.
2174 $incr = -1; # for backward motion.
2176 # Tack preprompt debugger actions ahead of any actual input.
2177 @typeahead = ( @$pretype, @typeahead );
2179 =head2 WHERE ARE WE?
2181 XXX Relocate this section?
2183 The debugger normally shows the line corresponding to the current line of
2184 execution. Sometimes, though, we want to see the next line, or to move elsewhere
2185 in the file. This is done via the C<$incr>, C<$start>, and C<$max> variables.
2187 C<$incr> controls by how many lines the I<current> line should move forward
2188 after a command is executed. If set to -1, this indicates that the I<current>
2189 line shouldn't change.
2191 C<$start> is the I<current> line. It is used for things like knowing where to
2192 move forwards or backwards from when doing an C<L> or C<-> command.
2194 C<$max> tells the debugger where the last line of the current file is. It's
2195 used to terminate loops most often.
2197 =head2 THE COMMAND LOOP
2199 Most of C<DB::DB> is actually a command parsing and dispatch loop. It comes
2206 The outer part of the loop, starting at the C<CMD> label. This loop
2207 reads a command and then executes it.
2211 The inner part of the loop, starting at the C<PIPE> label. This part
2212 is wholly contained inside the C<CMD> block and only executes a command.
2213 Used to handle commands running inside a pager.
2217 So why have two labels to restart the loop? Because sometimes, it's easier to
2218 have a command I<generate> another command and then re-execute the loop to do
2219 the new command. This is faster, but perhaps a bit more convoluted.
2223 # The big command dispatch loop. It keeps running until the
2224 # user yields up control again.
2226 # If we have a terminal for input, and we get something back
2227 # from readline(), keep on processing.
2231 # We have a terminal, or can get one ...
2232 ( $term || &setterm ),
2234 # ... and it belogs to this PID or we get one for this PID ...
2235 ( $term_pid == $$ or resetterm(1) ),
2237 # ... and we got a line of command input ...
2240 "$pidprompt $tid DB"
2243 . ( '>' x $level ) . " "
2250 # ... try to execute the input as debugger commands.
2252 # Don't stop running.
2255 # No signal is active.
2258 # Handle continued commands (ending with \):
2259 $cmd =~ s/\\$/\n/ && do {
2260 $cmd .= &readline(" cont: ");
2264 =head4 The null command
2266 A newline entered by itself means I<re-execute the last command>. We grab the
2267 command out of C<$laststep> (where it was recorded previously), and copy it
2268 back into C<$cmd> to be executed below. If there wasn't any previous command,
2269 we'll do nothing below (no command will match). If there was, we also save it
2270 in the command history and fall through to allow the command parsing to pick
2275 # Empty input means repeat the last command.
2276 $cmd =~ /^$/ && ( $cmd = $laststep );
2277 chomp($cmd); # get rid of the annoying extra newline
2278 push( @hist, $cmd ) if length($cmd) > 1;
2279 push( @truehist, $cmd );
2283 # This is a restart point for commands that didn't arrive
2284 # via direct user input. It allows us to 'redo PIPE' to
2285 # re-execute command processing without reading a new command.
2287 $cmd =~ s/^\s+//s; # trim annoying leading whitespace
2288 $cmd =~ s/\s+$//s; # trim annoying trailing whitespace
2289 ($i) = split( /\s+/, $cmd );
2291 =head3 COMMAND ALIASES
2293 The debugger can create aliases for commands (these are stored in the
2294 C<%alias> hash). Before a command is executed, the command loop looks it up
2295 in the alias hash and substitutes the contents of the alias for the command,
2296 completely replacing it.
2300 # See if there's an alias for the command, and set it up if so.
2303 # Squelch signal handling; we want to keep control here
2304 # if something goes loco during the alias eval.
2305 local $SIG{__DIE__};
2306 local $SIG{__WARN__};
2308 # This is a command, so we eval it in the DEBUGGER's
2309 # scope! Otherwise, we can't see the special debugger
2310 # variables, or get to the debugger's subs. (Well, we
2311 # _could_, but why make it even more complicated?)
2312 eval "\$cmd =~ $alias{$i}";
2315 print $OUT "Couldn't evaluate `$i' alias: $@";
2318 } ## end if ($alias{$i})
2320 =head3 MAIN-LINE COMMANDS
2322 All of these commands work up to and after the program being debugged has
2327 Quit the debugger. This entails setting the C<$fall_off_end> flag, so we don't
2328 try to execute further, cleaning any restart-related stuff out of the
2329 environment, and executing with the last value of C<$?>.
2333 $cmd =~ /^q$/ && do {
2341 Turn tracing on or off. Inverts the appropriate bit in C<$trace> (q.v.).
2345 $cmd =~ /^t$/ && do {
2348 print $OUT "Trace = "
2349 . ( ( $trace & 1 ) ? "on" : "off" ) . "\n";
2353 =head4 C<S> - list subroutines matching/not matching a pattern
2355 Walks through C<%sub>, checking to see whether or not to print the name.
2359 $cmd =~ /^S(\s+(!)?(.+))?$/ && do {
2361 $Srev = defined $2; # Reverse scan?
2362 $Spatt = $3; # The pattern (if any) to use.
2363 $Snocheck = !defined $1; # No args - print all subs.
2365 # Need to make these sane here.
2369 # Search through the debugger's magical hash of subs.
2370 # If $nocheck is true, just print the sub name.
2371 # Otherwise, check it against the pattern. We then use
2372 # the XOR trick to reverse the condition as required.
2373 foreach $subname ( sort( keys %sub ) ) {
2374 if ( $Snocheck or $Srev ^ ( $subname =~ /$Spatt/ ) ) {
2375 print $OUT $subname, "\n";
2381 =head4 C<X> - list variables in current package
2383 Since the C<V> command actually processes this, just change this to the
2384 appropriate C<V> command and fall through.
2388 $cmd =~ s/^X\b/V $package/;
2390 =head4 C<V> - list variables
2392 Uses C<dumpvar.pl> to dump out the current values for selected variables.
2396 # Bare V commands get the currently-being-debugged package
2398 $cmd =~ /^V$/ && do {
2399 $cmd = "V $package";
2402 # V - show variables in package.
2403 $cmd =~ /^V\b\s*(\S+)\s*(.*)/ && do {
2405 # Save the currently selected filehandle and
2406 # force output to debugger's filehandle (dumpvar
2407 # just does "print" for output).
2408 local ($savout) = select($OUT);
2410 # Grab package name and variables to dump.
2412 @vars = split( ' ', $2 );
2414 # If main::dumpvar isn't here, get it.
2415 do 'dumpvar.pl' || die $@ unless defined &main::dumpvar;
2416 if ( defined &main::dumpvar ) {
2418 # We got it. Turn off subroutine entry/exit messages
2419 # for the moment, along with return values.
2423 # must detect sigpipe failures - not catching
2424 # then will cause the debugger to die.
2428 defined $option{dumpDepth}
2429 ? $option{dumpDepth}
2430 : -1, # assume -1 unless specified
2435 # The die doesn't need to include the $@, because
2436 # it will automatically get propagated for us.
2438 die unless $@ =~ /dumpvar print failed/;
2440 } ## end if (defined &main::dumpvar)
2443 # Couldn't load dumpvar.
2444 print $OUT "dumpvar.pl not available.\n";
2447 # Restore the output filehandle, and go round again.
2452 =head4 C<x> - evaluate and print an expression
2454 Hands the expression off to C<DB::eval>, setting it up to print the value
2455 via C<dumpvar.pl> instead of just printing it directly.
2459 $cmd =~ s/^x\b/ / && do { # Remainder gets done by DB::eval()
2460 $onetimeDump = 'dump'; # main::dumpvar shows the output
2462 # handle special "x 3 blah" syntax XXX propagate
2463 # doc back to special variables.
2464 if ( $cmd =~ s/^\s*(\d+)(?=\s)/ / ) {
2465 $onetimedumpDepth = $1;
2469 =head4 C<m> - print methods
2471 Just uses C<DB::methods> to determine what methods are available.
2475 $cmd =~ s/^m\s+([\w:]+)\s*$/ / && do {
2480 # m expr - set up DB::eval to do the work
2481 $cmd =~ s/^m\b/ / && do { # Rest gets done by DB::eval()
2482 $onetimeDump = 'methods'; # method output gets used there
2485 =head4 C<f> - switch files
2489 $cmd =~ /^f\b\s*(.*)/ && do {
2493 # help for no arguments (old-style was return from sub).
2496 "The old f command is now the r command.\n"; # hint
2497 print $OUT "The new f command switches filenames.\n";
2499 } ## end if (!$file)
2501 # if not in magic file list, try a close match.
2502 if ( !defined $main::{ '_<' . $file } ) {
2503 if ( ($try) = grep( m#^_<.*$file#, keys %main:: ) ) {
2505 $try = substr( $try, 2 );
2506 print $OUT "Choosing $try matching `$file':\n";
2509 } ## end if (($try) = grep(m#^_<.*$file#...
2510 } ## end if (!defined $main::{ ...
2512 # If not successfully switched now, we failed.
2513 if ( !defined $main::{ '_<' . $file } ) {
2514 print $OUT "No file matching `$file' is loaded.\n";
2518 # We switched, so switch the debugger internals around.
2519 elsif ( $file ne $filename ) {
2520 *dbline = $main::{ '_<' . $file };
2525 } ## end elsif ($file ne $filename)
2527 # We didn't switch; say we didn't.
2529 print $OUT "Already in $file.\n";
2534 =head4 C<.> - return to last-executed line.
2536 We set C<$incr> to -1 to indicate that the debugger shouldn't move ahead,
2537 and then we look up the line in the magical C<%dbline> hash.
2542 $cmd =~ /^\.$/ && do {
2543 $incr = -1; # stay at current line
2545 # Reset everything to the old location.
2547 $filename = $filename_ini;
2548 *dbline = $main::{ '_<' . $filename };
2552 print_lineinfo($position);
2556 =head4 C<-> - back one window
2558 We change C<$start> to be one window back; if we go back past the first line,
2559 we set it to be the first line. We ser C<$incr> to put us back at the
2560 currently-executing line, and then put a C<l $start +> (list one window from
2561 C<$start>) in C<$cmd> to be executed later.
2565 # - - back a window.
2566 $cmd =~ /^-$/ && do {
2568 # back up by a window; go to 1 if back too far.
2569 $start -= $incr + $window + 1;
2570 $start = 1 if $start <= 0;
2571 $incr = $window - 1;
2573 # Generate and execute a "l +" command (handled below).
2574 $cmd = 'l ' . ($start) . '+';
2577 =head3 PRE-580 COMMANDS VS. NEW COMMANDS: C<a, A, b, B, h, l, L, M, o, O, P, v, w, W, E<lt>, E<lt>E<lt>, {, {{>
2579 In Perl 5.8.0, a realignment of the commands was done to fix up a number of
2580 problems, most notably that the default case of several commands destroying
2581 the user's work in setting watchpoints, actions, etc. We wanted, however, to
2582 retain the old commands for those who were used to using them or who preferred
2583 them. At this point, we check for the new commands and call C<cmd_wrapper> to
2584 deal with them instead of processing them in-line.
2588 # All of these commands were remapped in perl 5.8.0;
2589 # we send them off to the secondary dispatcher (see below).
2590 $cmd =~ /^([aAbBeEhilLMoOPvwW]\b|[<>\{]{1,2})\s*(.*)/so && do {
2591 &cmd_wrapper( $1, $2, $line );
2595 =head4 C<y> - List lexicals in higher scope
2597 Uses C<PadWalker> to find the lexicals supplied as arguments in a scope
2598 above the current one and then displays then using C<dumpvar.pl>.
2602 $cmd =~ /^y(?:\s+(\d*)\s*(.*))?$/ && do {
2604 # See if we've got the necessary support.
2605 eval { require PadWalker; PadWalker->VERSION(0.08) }
2608 ? "PadWalker module not found - please install\n"
2613 # Load up dumpvar if we don't have it. If we can, that is.
2614 do 'dumpvar.pl' || die $@ unless defined &main::dumpvar;
2615 defined &main::dumpvar
2616 or print $OUT "dumpvar.pl not available.\n"
2619 # Got all the modules we need. Find them and print them.
2620 my @vars = split( ' ', $2 || '' );
2623 my $h = eval { PadWalker::peek_my( ( $1 || 0 ) + 1 ) };
2625 # Oops. Can't find it.
2626 $@ and $@ =~ s/ at .*//, &warn($@), next CMD;
2628 # Show the desired vars with dumplex().
2629 my $savout = select($OUT);
2631 # Have dumplex dump the lexicals.
2632 dumpvar::dumplex( $_, $h->{$_},
2633 defined $option{dumpDepth} ? $option{dumpDepth} : -1,
2640 =head3 COMMANDS NOT WORKING AFTER PROGRAM ENDS
2642 All of the commands below this point don't work after the program being
2643 debugged has ended. All of them check to see if the program has ended; this
2644 allows the commands to be relocated without worrying about a 'line of
2645 demarcation' above which commands can be entered anytime, and below which
2648 =head4 C<n> - single step, but don't trace down into subs
2650 Done by setting C<$single> to 2, which forces subs to execute straight through
2651 when entered (see C<DB::sub>). We also save the C<n> command in C<$laststep>,
2652 so a null command knows what to re-execute.
2657 $cmd =~ /^n$/ && do {
2658 end_report(), next CMD if $finished and $level <= 1;
2660 # Single step, but don't enter subs.
2663 # Save for empty command (repeat last).
2668 =head4 C<s> - single-step, entering subs
2670 Sets C<$single> to 1, which causes C<DB::sub> to continue tracing inside
2671 subs. Also saves C<s> as C<$lastcmd>.
2676 $cmd =~ /^s$/ && do {
2678 # Get out and restart the command loop if program
2680 end_report(), next CMD if $finished and $level <= 1;
2682 # Single step should enter subs.
2685 # Save for empty command (repeat last).
2690 =head4 C<c> - run continuously, setting an optional breakpoint
2692 Most of the code for this command is taken up with locating the optional
2693 breakpoint, which is either a subroutine name or a line number. We set
2694 the appropriate one-time-break in C<@dbline> and then turn off single-stepping
2695 in this and all call levels above this one.
2699 # c - start continuous execution.
2700 $cmd =~ /^c\b\s*([\w:]*)\s*$/ && do {
2702 # Hey, show's over. The debugged program finished
2703 # executing already.
2704 end_report(), next CMD if $finished and $level <= 1;
2706 # Capture the place to put a one-time break.
2709 # Probably not needed, since we finish an interactive
2710 # sub-session anyway...
2711 # local $filename = $filename;
2712 # local *dbline = *dbline; # XXX Would this work?!
2714 # The above question wonders if localizing the alias
2715 # to the magic array works or not. Since it's commented
2716 # out, we'll just leave that to speculation for now.
2718 # If the "subname" isn't all digits, we'll assume it
2719 # is a subroutine name, and try to find it.
2720 if ( $subname =~ /\D/ ) { # subroutine name
2721 # Qualify it to the current package unless it's
2722 # already qualified.
2723 $subname = $package . "::" . $subname
2724 unless $subname =~ /::/;
2726 # find_sub will return "file:line_number" corresponding
2727 # to where the subroutine is defined; we call find_sub,
2728 # break up the return value, and assign it in one
2730 ( $file, $i ) = ( find_sub($subname) =~ /^(.*):(.*)$/ );
2732 # Force the line number to be numeric.
2735 # If we got a line number, we found the sub.
2738 # Switch all the debugger's internals around so
2739 # we're actually working with that file.
2741 *dbline = $main::{ '_<' . $filename };
2743 # Mark that there's a breakpoint in this file.
2744 $had_breakpoints{$filename} |= 1;
2746 # Scan forward to the first executable line
2747 # after the 'sub whatever' line.
2749 ++$i while $dbline[$i] == 0 && $i < $max;
2752 # We didn't find a sub by that name.
2754 print $OUT "Subroutine $subname not found.\n";
2757 } ## end if ($subname =~ /\D/)
2759 # At this point, either the subname was all digits (an
2760 # absolute line-break request) or we've scanned through
2761 # the code following the definition of the sub, looking
2762 # for an executable, which we may or may not have found.
2764 # If $i (which we set $subname from) is non-zero, we
2765 # got a request to break at some line somewhere. On
2766 # one hand, if there wasn't any real subroutine name
2767 # involved, this will be a request to break in the current
2768 # file at the specified line, so we have to check to make
2769 # sure that the line specified really is breakable.
2771 # On the other hand, if there was a subname supplied, the
2772 # preceding block has moved us to the proper file and
2773 # location within that file, and then scanned forward
2774 # looking for the next executable line. We have to make
2775 # sure that one was found.
2777 # On the gripping hand, we can't do anything unless the
2778 # current value of $i points to a valid breakable line.
2783 if ( $dbline[$i] == 0 ) {
2784 print $OUT "Line $i not breakable.\n";
2788 # Yes. Set up the one-time-break sigil.
2789 $dbline{$i} =~ s/($|\0)/;9$1/; # add one-time-only b.p.
2792 # Turn off stack tracing from here up.
2793 for ( $i = 0 ; $i <= $stack_depth ; ) {
2794 $stack[ $i++ ] &= ~1;
2799 =head4 C<r> - return from a subroutine
2801 For C<r> to work properly, the debugger has to stop execution again
2802 immediately after the return is executed. This is done by forcing
2803 single-stepping to be on in the call level above the current one. If
2804 we are printing return values when a C<r> is executed, set C<$doret>
2805 appropriately, and force us out of the command loop.
2809 # r - return from the current subroutine.
2810 $cmd =~ /^r$/ && do {
2812 # Can't do anything if the program's over.
2813 end_report(), next CMD if $finished and $level <= 1;
2815 # Turn on stack trace.
2816 $stack[$stack_depth] |= 1;
2818 # Print return value unless the stack is empty.
2819 $doret = $option{PrintRet} ? $stack_depth - 1 : -2;
2823 =head4 C<T> - stack trace
2825 Just calls C<DB::print_trace>.
2829 $cmd =~ /^T$/ && do {
2830 print_trace( $OUT, 1 ); # skip DB
2834 =head4 C<w> - List window around current line.
2836 Just calls C<DB::cmd_w>.
2840 $cmd =~ /^w\b\s*(.*)/s && do { &cmd_w( 'w', $1 ); next CMD; };
2842 =head4 C<W> - watch-expression processing.
2844 Just calls C<DB::cmd_W>.
2848 $cmd =~ /^W\b\s*(.*)/s && do { &cmd_W( 'W', $1 ); next CMD; };
2850 =head4 C</> - search forward for a string in the source
2852 We take the argument and treat it as a pattern. If it turns out to be a
2853 bad one, we return the error we got from trying to C<eval> it and exit.
2854 If not, we create some code to do the search and C<eval> it so it can't
2859 $cmd =~ /^\/(.*)$/ && do {
2861 # The pattern as a string.
2864 # Remove the final slash.
2865 $inpat =~ s:([^\\])/$:$1:;
2867 # If the pattern isn't null ...
2868 if ( $inpat ne "" ) {
2870 # Turn of warn and die procesing for a bit.
2871 local $SIG{__DIE__};
2872 local $SIG{__WARN__};
2874 # Create the pattern.
2875 eval '$inpat =~ m' . "\a$inpat\a";
2878 # Oops. Bad pattern. No biscuit.
2879 # Print the eval error and go back for more
2885 } ## end if ($inpat ne "")
2887 # Set up to stop on wrap-around.
2890 # Don't move off the current line.
2893 # Done in eval so nothing breaks if the pattern
2894 # does something weird.
2897 # Move ahead one line.
2900 # Wrap if we pass the last line.
2901 $start = 1 if ($start > $max);
2903 # Stop if we have gotten back to this line again,
2904 last if ($start == $end);
2906 # A hit! (Note, though, that we are doing
2907 # case-insensitive matching. Maybe a qr//
2908 # expression would be better, so the user could
2909 # do case-sensitive matching if desired.
2910 if ($dbline[$start] =~ m' . "\a$pat\a" . 'i) {
2911 if ($slave_editor) {
2912 # Handle proper escaping in the slave.
2913 print $OUT "\032\032$filename:$start:0\n";
2916 # Just print the line normally.
2917 print $OUT "$start:\t",$dbline[$start],"\n";
2919 # And quit since we found something.
2924 # If we wrapped, there never was a match.
2925 print $OUT "/$pat/: not found\n" if ( $start == $end );
2929 =head4 C<?> - search backward for a string in the source
2931 Same as for C</>, except the loop runs backwards.
2935 # ? - backward pattern search.
2936 $cmd =~ /^\?(.*)$/ && do {
2938 # Get the pattern, remove trailing question mark.
2940 $inpat =~ s:([^\\])\?$:$1:;
2942 # If we've got one ...
2943 if ( $inpat ne "" ) {
2945 # Turn off die & warn handlers.
2946 local $SIG{__DIE__};
2947 local $SIG{__WARN__};
2948 eval '$inpat =~ m' . "\a$inpat\a";
2952 # Ouch. Not good. Print the error.
2957 } ## end if ($inpat ne "")
2959 # Where we are now is where to stop after wraparound.
2962 # Don't move away from this line.
2965 # Search inside the eval to prevent pattern badness
2972 # Wrap if we pass the first line.
2974 $start = $max if ($start <= 0);
2976 # Quit if we get back where we started,
2977 last if ($start == $end);
2980 if ($dbline[$start] =~ m' . "\a$pat\a" . 'i) {
2981 if ($slave_editor) {
2982 # Yep, follow slave editor requirements.
2983 print $OUT "\032\032$filename:$start:0\n";
2986 # Yep, just print normally.
2987 print $OUT "$start:\t",$dbline[$start],"\n";
2995 # Say we failed if the loop never found anything,
2996 print $OUT "?$pat?: not found\n" if ( $start == $end );
3000 =head4 C<$rc> - Recall command
3002 Manages the commands in C<@hist> (which is created if C<Term::ReadLine> reports
3003 that the terminal supports history). It find the the command required, puts it
3004 into C<$cmd>, and redoes the loop to execute it.
3008 # $rc - recall command.
3009 $cmd =~ /^$rc+\s*(-)?(\d+)?$/ && do {
3011 # No arguments, take one thing off history.
3012 pop(@hist) if length($cmd) > 1;
3014 # Relative (- found)?
3015 # Y - index back from most recent (by 1 if bare minus)
3016 # N - go to that particular command slot or the last
3017 # thing if nothing following.
3018 $i = $1 ? ( $#hist - ( $2 || 1 ) ) : ( $2 || $#hist );
3020 # Pick out the command desired.
3023 # Print the command to be executed and restart the loop
3024 # with that command in the buffer.
3025 print $OUT $cmd, "\n";
3029 =head4 C<$sh$sh> - C<system()> command
3031 Calls the C<DB::system()> to handle the command. This keeps the C<STDIN> and
3032 C<STDOUT> from getting messed up.
3036 # $sh$sh - run a shell command (if it's all ASCII).
3037 # Can't run shell commands with Unicode in the debugger, hmm.
3038 $cmd =~ /^$sh$sh\s*([\x00-\xff]*)/ && do {
3045 =head4 C<$rc I<pattern> $rc> - Search command history
3047 Another command to manipulate C<@hist>: this one searches it with a pattern.
3048 If a command is found, it is placed in C<$cmd> and executed via C<redo>.
3052 # $rc pattern $rc - find a command in the history.
3053 $cmd =~ /^$rc([^$rc].*)$/ && do {
3055 # Create the pattern to use.
3058 # Toss off last entry if length is >1 (and it always is).
3059 pop(@hist) if length($cmd) > 1;
3061 # Look backward through the history.
3062 for ( $i = $#hist ; $i ; --$i ) {
3064 # Stop if we find it.
3065 last if $hist[$i] =~ /$pat/;
3071 print $OUT "No such command!\n\n";
3075 # Found it. Put it in the buffer, print it, and process it.
3077 print $OUT $cmd, "\n";
3081 =head4 C<$sh> - Invoke a shell
3083 Uses C<DB::system> to invoke a shell.
3087 # $sh - start a shell.
3088 $cmd =~ /^$sh$/ && do {
3090 # Run the user's shell. If none defined, run Bourne.
3091 # We resume execution when the shell terminates.
3092 &system( $ENV{SHELL} || "/bin/sh" );
3096 =head4 C<$sh I<command>> - Force execution of a command in a shell
3098 Like the above, but the command is passed to the shell. Again, we use
3099 C<DB::system> to avoid problems with C<STDIN> and C<STDOUT>.
3103 # $sh command - start a shell and run a command in it.
3104 $cmd =~ /^$sh\s*([\x00-\xff]*)/ && do {
3106 # XXX: using csh or tcsh destroys sigint retvals!
3107 #&system($1); # use this instead
3109 # use the user's shell, or Bourne if none defined.
3110 &system( $ENV{SHELL} || "/bin/sh", "-c", $1 );
3114 =head4 C<H> - display commands in history
3116 Prints the contents of C<@hist> (if any).
3120 $cmd =~ /^H\b\s*\*/ && do {
3121 @hist = @truehist = ();
3122 print $OUT "History cleansed\n";
3126 $cmd =~ /^H\b\s*(-(\d+))?/ && do {
3128 # Anything other than negative numbers is ignored by
3129 # the (incorrect) pattern, so this test does nothing.
3130 $end = $2 ? ( $#hist - $2 ) : 0;
3132 # Set to the minimum if less than zero.
3133 $hist = 0 if $hist < 0;
3135 # Start at the end of the array.
3136 # Stay in while we're still above the ending value.
3137 # Tick back by one each time around the loop.
3138 for ( $i = $#hist ; $i > $end ; $i-- ) {
3140 # Print the command unless it has no arguments.
3141 print $OUT "$i: ", $hist[$i], "\n"
3142 unless $hist[$i] =~ /^.?$/;
3147 =head4 C<man, doc, perldoc> - look up documentation
3149 Just calls C<runman()> to print the appropriate document.
3153 # man, perldoc, doc - show manual pages.
3154 $cmd =~ /^(?:man|(?:perl)?doc)\b(?:\s+([^(]*))?$/ && do {
3161 Builds a C<print EXPR> expression in the C<$cmd>; this will get executed at
3162 the bottom of the loop.
3166 # p - print (no args): print $_.
3167 $cmd =~ s/^p$/print {\$DB::OUT} \$_/;
3169 # p - print the given expression.
3170 $cmd =~ s/^p\b/print {\$DB::OUT} /;
3172 =head4 C<=> - define command alias
3174 Manipulates C<%alias> to add or list command aliases.
3178 # = - set up a command alias.
3179 $cmd =~ s/^=\s*// && do {
3181 if ( length $cmd == 0 ) {
3183 # No args, get current aliases.
3184 @keys = sort keys %alias;
3186 elsif ( my ( $k, $v ) = ( $cmd =~ /^(\S+)\s+(\S.*)/ ) ) {
3188 # Creating a new alias. $k is alias name, $v is
3191 # can't use $_ or kill //g state
3192 for my $x ( $k, $v ) {
3194 # Escape "alarm" characters.
3198 # Substitute key for value, using alarm chars
3199 # as separators (which is why we escaped them in
3201 $alias{$k} = "s\a$k\a$v\a";
3203 # Turn off standard warn and die behavior.
3204 local $SIG{__DIE__};
3205 local $SIG{__WARN__};
3208 unless ( eval "sub { s\a$k\a$v\a }; 1" ) {
3210 # Nope. Bad alias. Say so and get out.
3211 print $OUT "Can't alias $k to $v: $@\n";
3216 # We'll only list the new one.
3218 } ## end elsif (my ($k, $v) = ($cmd...
3220 # The argument is the alias to list.
3228 # Messy metaquoting: Trim the substitution code off.
3229 # We use control-G as the delimiter because it's not
3230 # likely to appear in the alias.
3231 if ( ( my $v = $alias{$k} ) =~ s
\as\a$k\a(.*)\a$
\a1
\a ) {
3234 print $OUT "$k\t= $1\n";
3236 elsif ( defined $alias{$k} ) {
3238 # Couldn't trim it off; just print the alias code.
3239 print $OUT "$k\t$alias{$k}\n";
3244 print "No alias for $k\n";
3246 } ## end for my $k (@keys)
3250 =head4 C<source> - read commands from a file.
3252 Opens a lexical filehandle and stacks it on C<@cmdfhs>; C<DB::readline> will
3257 # source - read commands from a file (or pipe!) and execute.
3258 $cmd =~ /^source\s+(.*\S)/ && do {
3259 if ( open my $fh, $1 ) {
3261 # Opened OK; stick it in the list of file handles.
3267 &warn("Can't execute `$1': $!\n");
3272 =head4 C<save> - send current history to a file
3274 Takes the complete history, (not the shrunken version you see with C<H>),
3275 and saves it to the given filename, so it can be replayed using C<source>.
3277 Note that all C<^(save|source)>'s are commented out with a view to minimise recursion.
3281 # save source - write commands to a file for later use
3282 $cmd =~ /^save\s*(.*)$/ && do {
3283 my $file = $1 || '.perl5dbrc'; # default?
3284 if ( open my $fh, "> $file" ) {
3286 # chomp to remove extraneous newlines from source'd files
3287 chomp( my @truelist =
3288 map { m/^\s*(save|source)/ ? "#$_" : $_ }
3290 print $fh join( "\n", @truelist );
3291 print "commands saved in $file\n";
3294 &warn("Can't save debugger commands in '$1': $!\n");
3299 =head4 C<R> - restart
3301 Restart the debugger session.
3303 =head4 C<rerun> - rerun the current session
3305 Return to any given position in the B<true>-history list
3309 # R - restart execution.
3310 # rerun - controlled restart execution.
3311 $cmd =~ /^(R|rerun\s*(.*))$/ && do {
3312 my @args = ($1 eq 'R' ? restart() : rerun($2));
3314 # Close all non-system fds for a clean restart. A more
3315 # correct method would be to close all fds that were not
3316 # open when the process started, but this seems to be
3317 # hard. See "debugger 'R'estart and open database
3318 # connections" on p5p.
3320 my $max_fd = 1024; # default if POSIX can't be loaded
3321 if (eval { require POSIX }) {
3322 $max_fd = POSIX::sysconf(POSIX::_SC_OPEN_MAX());
3325 if (defined $max_fd) {
3326 foreach ($^F+1 .. $max_fd-1) {
3327 next unless open FD_TO_CLOSE, "<&=$_";
3332 # And run Perl again. We use exec() to keep the
3333 # PID stable (and that way $ini_pids is still valid).
3334 exec(@args) || print $OUT "exec failed: $!\n";
3339 =head4 C<|, ||> - pipe output through the pager.
3341 For C<|>, we save C<OUT> (the debugger's output filehandle) and C<STDOUT>
3342 (the program's standard output). For C<||>, we only save C<OUT>. We open a
3343 pipe to the pager (restoring the output filehandles if this fails). If this
3344 is the C<|> command, we also set up a C<SIGPIPE> handler which will simply
3345 set C<$signal>, sending us back into the debugger.
3347 We then trim off the pipe symbols and C<redo> the command loop at the
3348 C<PIPE> label, causing us to evaluate the command in C<$cmd> without
3353 # || - run command in the pager, with output to DB::OUT.
3354 $cmd =~ /^\|\|?\s*[^|]/ && do {
3355 if ( $pager =~ /^\|/ ) {
3357 # Default pager is into a pipe. Redirect I/O.
3358 open( SAVEOUT, ">&STDOUT" )
3359 || &warn("Can't save STDOUT");
3360 open( STDOUT, ">&OUT" )
3361 || &warn("Can't redirect STDOUT");
3362 } ## end if ($pager =~ /^\|/)
3365 # Not into a pipe. STDOUT is safe.
3366 open( SAVEOUT, ">&OUT" ) || &warn("Can't save DB::OUT");
3369 # Fix up environment to record we have less if so.
3372 unless ( $piped = open( OUT, $pager ) ) {
3374 # Couldn't open pipe to pager.
3375 &warn("Can't pipe output to `$pager'");
3376 if ( $pager =~ /^\|/ ) {
3378 # Redirect I/O back again.
3379 open( OUT, ">&STDOUT" ) # XXX: lost message
3380 || &warn("Can't restore DB::OUT");
3381 open( STDOUT, ">&SAVEOUT" )
3382 || &warn("Can't restore STDOUT");
3384 } ## end if ($pager =~ /^\|/)
3387 # Redirect I/O. STDOUT already safe.
3388 open( OUT, ">&STDOUT" ) # XXX: lost message
3389 || &warn("Can't restore DB::OUT");
3392 } ## end unless ($piped = open(OUT,...
3394 # Set up broken-pipe handler if necessary.
3395 $SIG{PIPE} = \&DB::catch
3397 && ( "" eq $SIG{PIPE} || "DEFAULT" eq $SIG{PIPE} );
3399 # Save current filehandle, unbuffer out, and put it back.
3400 $selected = select(OUT);
3403 # Don't put it back if pager was a pipe.
3404 select($selected), $selected = "" unless $cmd =~ /^\|\|/;
3406 # Trim off the pipe symbols and run the command now.
3407 $cmd =~ s/^\|+\s*//;
3411 =head3 END OF COMMAND PARSING
3413 Anything left in C<$cmd> at this point is a Perl expression that we want to
3414 evaluate. We'll always evaluate in the user's context, and fully qualify
3415 any variables we might want to address in the C<DB> package.
3419 # t - turn trace on.
3420 $cmd =~ s/^t\s/\$DB::trace |= 1;\n/;
3422 # s - single-step. Remember the last command was 's'.
3423 $cmd =~ s/^s\s/\$DB::single = 1;\n/ && do { $laststep = 's' };
3425 # n - single-step, but not into subs. Remember last command
3427 $cmd =~ s/^n\s/\$DB::single = 2;\n/ && do { $laststep = 'n' };
3431 # Make sure the flag that says "the debugger's running" is
3432 # still on, to make sure we get control again.
3433 $evalarg = "\$^D = \$^D | \$DB::db_stop;\n$cmd";
3435 # Run *our* eval that executes in the caller's context.
3438 # Turn off the one-time-dump stuff now.
3440 $onetimeDump = undef;
3441 $onetimedumpDepth = undef;
3443 elsif ( $term_pid == $$ ) {
3444 eval { # May run under miniperl, when not available...
3449 # XXX If this is the master pid, print a newline.
3452 } ## end while (($term || &setterm...
3454 =head3 POST-COMMAND PROCESSING
3456 After each command, we check to see if the command output was piped anywhere.
3457 If so, we go through the necessary code to unhook the pipe and go back to
3458 our standard filehandles for input and output.
3464 # At the end of every command:
3467 # Unhook the pipe mechanism now.
3468 if ( $pager =~ /^\|/ ) {
3470 # No error from the child.
3473 # we cannot warn here: the handle is missing --tchrist
3474 close(OUT) || print SAVEOUT "\nCan't close DB::OUT\n";
3476 # most of the $? crud was coping with broken cshisms
3477 # $? is explicitly set to 0, so this never runs.
3479 print SAVEOUT "Pager `$pager' failed: ";
3481 print SAVEOUT "shell returned -1\n";
3484 print SAVEOUT ( $? & 127 )
3485 ? " (SIG#" . ( $? & 127 ) . ")"
3486 : "", ( $? & 128 ) ? " -- core dumped" : "", "\n";
3489 print SAVEOUT "status ", ( $? >> 8 ), "\n";
3493 # Reopen filehandle for our output (if we can) and
3494 # restore STDOUT (if we can).
3495 open( OUT, ">&STDOUT" ) || &warn("Can't restore DB::OUT");
3496 open( STDOUT, ">&SAVEOUT" )
3497 || &warn("Can't restore STDOUT");
3499 # Turn off pipe exception handler if necessary.
3500 $SIG{PIPE} = "DEFAULT" if $SIG{PIPE} eq \&DB::catch;
3502 # Will stop ignoring SIGPIPE if done like nohup(1)
3503 # does SIGINT but Perl doesn't give us a choice.
3504 } ## end if ($pager =~ /^\|/)
3507 # Non-piped "pager". Just restore STDOUT.
3508 open( OUT, ">&SAVEOUT" ) || &warn("Can't restore DB::OUT");
3511 # Close filehandle pager was using, restore the normal one
3514 select($selected), $selected = "" unless $selected eq "";
3518 } ## end if ($piped)
3521 =head3 COMMAND LOOP TERMINATION
3523 When commands have finished executing, we come here. If the user closed the
3524 input filehandle, we turn on C<$fall_off_end> to emulate a C<q> command. We
3525 evaluate any post-prompt items. We restore C<$@>, C<$!>, C<$^E>, C<$,>, C<$/>,
3526 C<$\>, and C<$^W>, and return a null list as expected by the Perl interpreter.
3527 The interpreter will then execute the next line and then return control to us
3532 # No more commands? Quit.
3533 $fall_off_end = 1 unless defined $cmd; # Emulate `q' on EOF
3535 # Evaluate post-prompt commands.
3536 foreach $evalarg (@$post) {
3539 } # if ($single || $signal)
3541 # Put the user's globals back where you found them.
3542 ( $@, $!, $^E, $,, $/, $\, $^W ) = @saved;
3546 # The following code may be executed now:
3551 C<sub> is called whenever a subroutine call happens in the program being
3552 debugged. The variable C<$DB::sub> contains the name of the subroutine
3555 The core function of this subroutine is to actually call the sub in the proper
3556 context, capturing its output. This of course causes C<DB::DB> to get called
3557 again, repeating until the subroutine ends and returns control to C<DB::sub>
3558 again. Once control returns, C<DB::sub> figures out whether or not to dump the
3559 return value, and returns its captured copy of the return value as its own
3560 return value. The value then feeds back into the program being debugged as if
3561 C<DB::sub> hadn't been there at all.
3563 C<sub> does all the work of printing the subroutine entry and exit messages
3564 enabled by setting C<$frame>. It notes what sub the autoloader got called for,
3565 and also prints the return value if needed (for the C<r> command and if
3566 the 16 bit is set in C<$frame>).
3568 It also tracks the subroutine call depth by saving the current setting of
3569 C<$single> in the C<@stack> package global; if this exceeds the value in
3570 C<$deep>, C<sub> automatically turns on printing of the current depth by
3571 setting the C<4> bit in C<$single>. In any case, it keeps the current setting
3572 of stop/don't stop on entry to subs set as it currently is set.
3574 =head3 C<caller()> support
3576 If C<caller()> is called from the package C<DB>, it provides some
3577 additional data, in the following order:
3583 The package name the sub was in
3585 =item * C<$filename>
3587 The filename it was defined in
3591 The line number it was defined on
3593 =item * C<$subroutine>
3595 The subroutine name; C<(eval)> if an C<eval>().
3599 1 if it has arguments, 0 if not
3601 =item * C<$wantarray>
3603 1 if array context, 0 if scalar context
3605 =item * C<$evaltext>
3607 The C<eval>() text, if any (undefined for C<eval BLOCK>)
3609 =item * C<$is_require>
3611 frame was created by a C<use> or C<require> statement
3615 pragma information; subject to change between versions
3619 pragma information; subject to change between versions
3621 =item * C<@DB::args>
3623 arguments with which the subroutine was invoked
3630 # Do not use a regex in this subroutine -> results in corrupted memory
3631 # See: [perl #66110]
3633 # lock ourselves under threads
3636 # Whether or not the autoloader was running, a scalar to put the
3637 # sub's return value in (if needed), and an array to put the sub's
3638 # return value in (if needed).
3639 my ( $al, $ret, @ret ) = "";
3640 if ($sub eq 'threads::new' && $ENV{PERL5DB_THREADED}) {
3641 print "creating new thread\n";
3644 # If the last ten characters are '::AUTOLOAD', note we've traced
3645 # into AUTOLOAD for $sub.
3646 if ( length($sub) > 10 && substr( $sub, -10, 10 ) eq '::AUTOLOAD' ) {
3647 $al = " for $$sub" if defined $$sub;
3650 # We stack the stack pointer and then increment it to protect us
3651 # from a situation that might unwind a whole bunch of call frames
3652 # at once. Localizing the stack pointer means that it will automatically
3653 # unwind the same amount when multiple stack frames are unwound.
3654 local $stack_depth = $stack_depth + 1; # Protect from non-local exits
3657 $#stack = $stack_depth;
3659 # Save current single-step setting.
3660 $stack[-1] = $single;
3662 # Turn off all flags except single-stepping.
3665 # If we've gotten really deeply recursed, turn on the flag that will
3666 # make us stop with the 'deep recursion' message.
3667 $single |= 4 if $stack_depth == $deep;
3669 # If frame messages are on ...
3671 $frame & 4 # Extended frame entry message
3673 print_lineinfo( ' ' x ( $stack_depth - 1 ), "in " ),
3675 # Why -1? But it works! :-(
3676 # Because print_trace will call add 1 to it and then call
3677 # dump_trace; this results in our skipping -1+1 = 0 stack frames
3679 print_trace( $LINEINFO, -1, 1, 1, "$sub$al" )
3681 : print_lineinfo( ' ' x ( $stack_depth - 1 ), "entering $sub$al\n" )
3683 # standard frame entry message
3687 # Determine the sub's return type, and capture appropriately.
3690 # Called in array context. call sub and capture output.
3691 # DB::DB will recursively get control again if appropriate; we'll come
3692 # back here when the sub is finished.
3695 # Pop the single-step value back off the stack.
3696 $single |= $stack[ $stack_depth-- ];
3698 # Check for exit trace messages...
3700 $frame & 4 # Extended exit message
3702 print_lineinfo( ' ' x $stack_depth, "out " ),
3703 print_trace( $LINEINFO, -1, 1, 1, "$sub$al" )
3705 : print_lineinfo( ' ' x $stack_depth, "exited $sub$al\n" )
3707 # Standard exit message
3711 # Print the return info if we need to.
3712 if ( $doret eq $stack_depth or $frame & 16 ) {
3714 # Turn off output record separator.
3716 my $fh = ( $doret eq $stack_depth ? $OUT : $LINEINFO );
3718 # Indent if we're printing because of $frame tracing.
3719 print $fh ' ' x $stack_depth if $frame & 16;
3721 # Print the return value.
3722 print $fh "list context return from $sub:\n";
3723 dumpit( $fh, \@ret );
3725 # And don't print it again.
3727 } ## end if ($doret eq $stack_depth...
3728 # And we have to return the return value now.
3730 } ## end if (wantarray)
3734 if ( defined wantarray ) {
3736 # Save the value if it's wanted at all.
3741 # Void return, explicitly.
3746 # Pop the single-step value off the stack.
3747 $single |= $stack[ $stack_depth-- ];
3749 # If we're doing exit messages...
3751 $frame & 4 # Extended messages
3753 print_lineinfo( ' ' x $stack_depth, "out " ),
3754 print_trace( $LINEINFO, -1, 1, 1, "$sub$al" )
3756 : print_lineinfo( ' ' x $stack_depth, "exited $sub$al\n" )
3762 # If we are supposed to show the return value... same as before.
3763 if ( $doret eq $stack_depth or $frame & 16 and defined wantarray ) {
3765 my $fh = ( $doret eq $stack_depth ? $OUT : $LINEINFO );
3766 print $fh ( ' ' x $stack_depth ) if $frame & 16;
3769 ? "scalar context return from $sub: "
3770 : "void context return from $sub\n"
3772 dumpit( $fh, $ret ) if defined wantarray;
3774 } ## end if ($doret eq $stack_depth...
3776 # Return the appropriate scalar value.
3778 } ## end else [ if (wantarray)
3783 # lock ourselves under threads
3786 # Whether or not the autoloader was running, a scalar to put the
3787 # sub's return value in (if needed), and an array to put the sub's
3788 # return value in (if needed).
3789 my ( $al, $ret, @ret ) = "";
3790 if ($sub =~ /^threads::new$/ && $ENV{PERL5DB_THREADED}) {
3791 print "creating new thread\n";
3794 # If the last ten characters are C'::AUTOLOAD', note we've traced
3795 # into AUTOLOAD for $sub.
3796 if ( length($sub) > 10 && substr( $sub, -10, 10 ) eq '::AUTOLOAD' ) {
3800 # We stack the stack pointer and then increment it to protect us
3801 # from a situation that might unwind a whole bunch of call frames
3802 # at once. Localizing the stack pointer means that it will automatically
3803 # unwind the same amount when multiple stack frames are unwound.
3804 local $stack_depth = $stack_depth + 1; # Protect from non-local exits
3807 $#stack = $stack_depth;
3809 # Save current single-step setting.
3810 $stack[-1] = $single;
3812 # Turn off all flags except single-stepping.
3815 # If we've gotten really deeply recursed, turn on the flag that will
3816 # make us stop with the 'deep recursion' message.
3817 $single |= 4 if $stack_depth == $deep;
3819 # If frame messages are on ...
3821 $frame & 4 # Extended frame entry message
3823 print_lineinfo( ' ' x ( $stack_depth - 1 ), "in " ),
3825 # Why -1? But it works! :-(
3826 # Because print_trace will call add 1 to it and then call
3827 # dump_trace; this results in our skipping -1+1 = 0 stack frames
3829 print_trace( $LINEINFO, -1, 1, 1, "$sub$al" )
3831 : print_lineinfo( ' ' x ( $stack_depth - 1 ), "entering $sub$al\n" )
3833 # standard frame entry message
3837 # Pop the single-step value back off the stack.
3838 $single |= $stack[ $stack_depth-- ];
3840 # call the original lvalue sub.
3844 =head1 EXTENDED COMMAND HANDLING AND THE COMMAND API
3846 In Perl 5.8.0, there was a major realignment of the commands and what they did,
3847 Most of the changes were to systematize the command structure and to eliminate
3848 commands that threw away user input without checking.
3850 The following sections describe the code added to make it easy to support
3851 multiple command sets with conflicting command names. This section is a start
3852 at unifying all command processing to make it simpler to develop commands.
3854 Note that all the cmd_[a-zA-Z] subroutines require the command name, a line
3855 number, and C<$dbline> (the current line) as arguments.
3857 Support functions in this section which have multiple modes of failure C<die>
3858 on error; the rest simply return a false value.
3860 The user-interface functions (all of the C<cmd_*> functions) just output
3865 The C<%set> hash defines the mapping from command letter to subroutine
3868 C<%set> is a two-level hash, indexed by set name and then by command name.
3869 Note that trying to set the CommandSet to C<foobar> simply results in the
3870 5.8.0 command set being used, since there's no top-level entry for C<foobar>.
3879 'A' => 'pre580_null',
3881 'B' => 'pre580_null',
3882 'd' => 'pre580_null',
3885 'M' => 'pre580_null',
3887 'o' => 'pre580_null',
3893 '<' => 'pre590_prepost',
3894 '<<' => 'pre590_prepost',
3895 '>' => 'pre590_prepost',
3896 '>>' => 'pre590_prepost',
3897 '{' => 'pre590_prepost',
3898 '{{' => 'pre590_prepost',
3902 =head2 C<cmd_wrapper()> (API)
3904 C<cmd_wrapper()> allows the debugger to switch command sets
3905 depending on the value of the C<CommandSet> option.
3907 It tries to look up the command in the C<%set> package-level I<lexical>
3908 (which means external entities can't fiddle with it) and create the name of
3909 the sub to call based on the value found in the hash (if it's there). I<All>
3910 of the commands to be handled in a set have to be added to C<%set>; if they
3911 aren't found, the 5.8.0 equivalent is called (if there is one).
3913 This code uses symbolic references.
3920 my $dblineno = shift;
3922 # Assemble the command subroutine's name by looking up the
3923 # command set and command name in %set. If we can't find it,
3924 # default to the older version of the command.
3926 . ( $set{$CommandSet}{$cmd}
3927 || ( $cmd =~ /^[<>{]+/o ? 'prepost' : $cmd ) );
3929 # Call the command subroutine, call it by name.
3930 return &$call( $cmd, $line, $dblineno );
3931 } ## end sub cmd_wrapper
3933 =head3 C<cmd_a> (command)
3935 The C<a> command handles pre-execution actions. These are associated with a
3936 particular line, so they're stored in C<%dbline>. We default to the current
3937 line if none is specified.
3943 my $line = shift || ''; # [.|line] expr
3946 # If it's dot (here), or not all digits, use the current line.
3947 $line =~ s/^(\.|(?:[^\d]))/$dbline/;
3949 # Should be a line number followed by an expression.
3950 if ( $line =~ /^\s*(\d*)\s*(\S.+)/ ) {
3951 my ( $lineno, $expr ) = ( $1, $2 );
3953 # If we have an expression ...
3954 if ( length $expr ) {
3956 # ... but the line isn't breakable, complain.
3957 if ( $dbline[$lineno] == 0 ) {
3959 "Line $lineno($dbline[$lineno]) does not have an action?\n";
3963 # It's executable. Record that the line has an action.
3964 $had_breakpoints{$filename} |= 2;
3966 # Remove any action, temp breakpoint, etc.
3967 $dbline{$lineno} =~ s/\0[^\0]*//;
3969 # Add the action to the line.
3970 $dbline{$lineno} .= "\0" . action($expr);
3972 } ## end if (length $expr)
3973 } ## end if ($line =~ /^\s*(\d*)\s*(\S.+)/)
3978 "Adding an action requires an optional lineno and an expression\n"
3983 =head3 C<cmd_A> (command)
3985 Delete actions. Similar to above, except the delete code is in a separate
3986 subroutine, C<delete_action>.
3992 my $line = shift || '';
3996 $line =~ s/^\./$dbline/;
3998 # Call delete_action with a null param to delete them all.
3999 # The '1' forces the eval to be true. It'll be false only
4000 # if delete_action blows up for some reason, in which case
4001 # we print $@ and get out.
4002 if ( $line eq '*' ) {
4003 eval { &delete_action(); 1 } or print $OUT $@ and return;
4006 # There's a real line number. Pass it to delete_action.
4007 # Error trapping is as above.
4008 elsif ( $line =~ /^(\S.*)/ ) {
4009 eval { &delete_action($1); 1 } or print $OUT $@ and return;
4012 # Swing and a miss. Bad syntax.
4015 "Deleting an action requires a line number, or '*' for all\n" ; # hint
4019 =head3 C<delete_action> (API)
4021 C<delete_action> accepts either a line number or C<undef>. If a line number
4022 is specified, we check for the line being executable (if it's not, it
4023 couldn't have had an action). If it is, we just take the action off (this
4024 will get any kind of an action, including breakpoints).
4030 if ( defined($i) ) {
4033 die "Line $i has no action .\n" if $dbline[$i] == 0;
4035 # Nuke whatever's there.
4036 $dbline{$i} =~ s/\0[^\0]*//; # \^a
4037 delete $dbline{$i} if $dbline{$i} eq '';
4040 print $OUT "Deleting all actions...\n";
4041 for my $file ( keys %had_breakpoints ) {
4042 local *dbline = $main::{ '_<' . $file };
4045 for ( $i = 1 ; $i <= $max ; $i++ ) {
4046 if ( defined $dbline{$i} ) {
4047 $dbline{$i} =~ s/\0[^\0]*//;
4048 delete $dbline{$i} if $dbline{$i} eq '';
4050 unless ( $had_breakpoints{$file} &= ~2 ) {
4051 delete $had_breakpoints{$file};
4053 } ## end for ($i = 1 ; $i <= $max...
4054 } ## end for my $file (keys %had_breakpoints)
4055 } ## end else [ if (defined($i))
4056 } ## end sub delete_action
4058 =head3 C<cmd_b> (command)
4060 Set breakpoints. Since breakpoints can be set in so many places, in so many
4061 ways, conditionally or not, the breakpoint code is kind of complex. Mostly,
4062 we try to parse the command type, and then shuttle it off to an appropriate
4063 subroutine to actually do the work of setting the breakpoint in the right
4070 my $line = shift; # [.|line] [cond]
4073 # Make . the current line number if it's there..
4074 $line =~ s/^\./$dbline/;
4076 # No line number, no condition. Simple break on current line.
4077 if ( $line =~ /^\s*$/ ) {
4078 &cmd_b_line( $dbline, 1 );
4081 # Break on load for a file.
4082 elsif ( $line =~ /^load\b\s*(.*)/ ) {
4088 # b compile|postpone <some sub> [<condition>]
4089 # The interpreter actually traps this one for us; we just put the
4090 # necessary condition in the %postponed hash.
4091 elsif ( $line =~ /^(postpone|compile)\b\s*([':A-Za-z_][':\w]*)\s*(.*)/ ) {
4093 # Capture the condition if there is one. Make it true if none.
4094 my $cond = length $3 ? $3 : '1';
4096 # Save the sub name and set $break to 1 if $1 was 'postpone', 0
4097 # if it was 'compile'.
4098 my ( $subname, $break ) = ( $2, $1 eq 'postpone' );
4100 # De-Perl4-ify the name - ' separators to ::.
4101 $subname =~ s/\'/::/g;
4103 # Qualify it into the current package unless it's already qualified.
4104 $subname = "${'package'}::" . $subname unless $subname =~ /::/;
4106 # Add main if it starts with ::.
4107 $subname = "main" . $subname if substr( $subname, 0, 2 ) eq "::";
4109 # Save the break type for this sub.
4110 $postponed{$subname} = $break ? "break +0 if $cond" : "compile";
4111 } ## end elsif ($line =~ ...
4113 # b <sub name> [<condition>]
4114 elsif ( $line =~ /^([':A-Za-z_][':\w]*(?:\[.*\])?)\s*(.*)/ ) {
4118 $cond = length $2 ? $2 : '1';
4119 &cmd_b_sub( $subname, $cond );
4122 # b <line> [<condition>].
4123 elsif ( $line =~ /^(\d*)\s*(.*)/ ) {
4125 # Capture the line. If none, it's the current line.
4126 $line = $1 || $dbline;
4128 # If there's no condition, make it '1'.
4129 $cond = length $2 ? $2 : '1';
4132 &cmd_b_line( $line, $cond );
4135 # Line didn't make sense.
4137 print "confused by line($line)?\n";
4141 =head3 C<break_on_load> (API)
4143 We want to break when this file is loaded. Mark this file in the
4144 C<%break_on_load> hash, and note that it has a breakpoint in
4145 C<%had_breakpoints>.
4151 $break_on_load{$file} = 1;
4152 $had_breakpoints{$file} |= 1;
4155 =head3 C<report_break_on_load> (API)
4157 Gives us an array of filenames that are set to break on load. Note that
4158 only files with break-on-load are in here, so simply showing the keys
4163 sub report_break_on_load {
4164 sort keys %break_on_load;
4167 =head3 C<cmd_b_load> (command)
4169 We take the file passed in and try to find it in C<%INC> (which maps modules
4170 to files they came from). We mark those files for break-on-load via
4171 C<break_on_load> and then report that it was done.
4179 # This is a block because that way we can use a redo inside it
4180 # even without there being any looping structure at all outside it.
4183 # Save short name and full path if found.
4185 push @files, $::INC{$file} if $::INC{$file};
4187 # Tack on .pm and do it again unless there was a '.' in the name
4189 $file .= '.pm', redo unless $file =~ /\./;
4192 # Do the real work here.
4193 break_on_load($_) for @files;
4195 # All the files that have break-on-load breakpoints.
4196 @files = report_break_on_load;
4198 # Normalize for the purposes of our printing this.
4201 print $OUT "Will stop on load of `@files'.\n";
4202 } ## end sub cmd_b_load
4204 =head3 C<$filename_error> (API package global)
4206 Several of the functions we need to implement in the API need to work both
4207 on the current file and on other files. We don't want to duplicate code, so
4208 C<$filename_error> is used to contain the name of the file that's being
4209 worked on (if it's not the current one).
4211 We can now build functions in pairs: the basic function works on the current
4212 file, and uses C<$filename_error> as part of its error message. Since this is
4213 initialized to C<"">, no filename will appear when we are working on the
4216 The second function is a wrapper which does the following:
4222 Localizes C<$filename_error> and sets it to the name of the file to be processed.
4226 Localizes the C<*dbline> glob and reassigns it to point to the file we want to process.
4230 Calls the first function.
4232 The first function works on the I<current> file (i.e., the one we changed to),
4233 and prints C<$filename_error> in the error message (the name of the other file)
4234 if it needs to. When the functions return, C<*dbline> is restored to point
4235 to the actual current file (the one we're executing in) and
4236 C<$filename_error> is restored to C<"">. This restores everything to
4237 the way it was before the second function was called at all.
4239 See the comments in C<breakable_line> and C<breakable_line_in_file> for more
4246 $filename_error = '';
4248 =head3 breakable_line(from, to) (API)
4250 The subroutine decides whether or not a line in the current file is breakable.
4251 It walks through C<@dbline> within the range of lines specified, looking for
4252 the first line that is breakable.
4254 If C<$to> is greater than C<$from>, the search moves forwards, finding the
4255 first line I<after> C<$to> that's breakable, if there is one.
4257 If C<$from> is greater than C<$to>, the search goes I<backwards>, finding the
4258 first line I<before> C<$to> that's breakable, if there is one.
4262 sub breakable_line {
4264 my ( $from, $to ) = @_;
4266 # $i is the start point. (Where are the FORTRAN programs of yesteryear?)
4269 # If there are at least 2 arguments, we're trying to search a range.
4272 # $delta is positive for a forward search, negative for a backward one.
4273 my $delta = $from < $to ? +1 : -1;
4275 # Keep us from running off the ends of the file.
4276 my $limit = $delta > 0 ? $#dbline : 1;
4278 # Clever test. If you're a mathematician, it's obvious why this
4279 # test works. If not:
4280 # If $delta is positive (going forward), $limit will be $#dbline.
4281 # If $to is less than $limit, ($limit - $to) will be positive, times
4282 # $delta of 1 (positive), so the result is > 0 and we should use $to
4283 # as the stopping point.
4285 # If $to is greater than $limit, ($limit - $to) is negative,
4286 # times $delta of 1 (positive), so the result is < 0 and we should
4287 # use $limit ($#dbline) as the stopping point.
4289 # If $delta is negative (going backward), $limit will be 1.
4290 # If $to is zero, ($limit - $to) will be 1, times $delta of -1
4291 # (negative) so the result is > 0, and we use $to as the stopping
4294 # If $to is less than zero, ($limit - $to) will be positive,
4295 # times $delta of -1 (negative), so the result is not > 0, and
4296 # we use $limit (1) as the stopping point.
4298 # If $to is 1, ($limit - $to) will zero, times $delta of -1
4299 # (negative), still giving zero; the result is not > 0, and
4300 # we use $limit (1) as the stopping point.
4302 # if $to is >1, ($limit - $to) will be negative, times $delta of -1
4303 # (negative), giving a positive (>0) value, so we'll set $limit to
4306 $limit = $to if ( $limit - $to ) * $delta > 0;
4308 # The real search loop.
4309 # $i starts at $from (the point we want to start searching from).
4310 # We move through @dbline in the appropriate direction (determined
4311 # by $delta: either -1 (back) or +1 (ahead).
4312 # We stay in as long as we haven't hit an executable line
4313 # ($dbline[$i] == 0 means not executable) and we haven't reached
4314 # the limit yet (test similar to the above).
4315 $i += $delta while $dbline[$i] == 0 and ( $limit - $i ) * $delta > 0;
4317 } ## end if (@_ >= 2)
4319 # If $i points to a line that is executable, return that.
4320 return $i unless $dbline[$i] == 0;
4322 # Format the message and print it: no breakable lines in range.
4323 my ( $pl, $upto ) = ( '', '' );
4324 ( $pl, $upto ) = ( 's', "..$to" ) if @_ >= 2 and $from != $to;
4326 # If there's a filename in filename_error, we'll see it.
4328 die "Line$pl $from$upto$filename_error not breakable\n";
4329 } ## end sub breakable_line
4331 =head3 breakable_line_in_filename(file, from, to) (API)
4333 Like C<breakable_line>, but look in another file.
4337 sub breakable_line_in_filename {
4339 # Capture the file name.
4342 # Swap the magic line array over there temporarily.
4343 local *dbline = $main::{ '_<' . $f };
4345 # If there's an error, it's in this other file.
4346 local $filename_error = " of `$f'";
4348 # Find the breakable line.
4351 # *dbline and $filename_error get restored when this block ends.
4353 } ## end sub breakable_line_in_filename
4355 =head3 break_on_line(lineno, [condition]) (API)
4357 Adds a breakpoint with the specified condition (or 1 if no condition was
4358 specified) to the specified line. Dies if it can't.
4363 my ( $i, $cond ) = @_;
4365 # Always true if no condition supplied.
4366 $cond = 1 unless @_ >= 2;
4372 # Woops, not a breakable line. $filename_error allows us to say
4373 # if it was in a different file.
4374 die "Line $i$filename_error not breakable.\n" if $dbline[$i] == 0;
4376 # Mark this file as having breakpoints in it.
4377 $had_breakpoints{$filename} |= 1;
4379 # If there is an action or condition here already ...
4380 if ( $dbline{$i} ) {
4382 # ... swap this condition for the existing one.
4383 $dbline{$i} =~ s/^[^\0]*/$cond/;
4387 # Nothing here - just add the condition.
4388 $dbline{$i} = $cond;
4390 } ## end sub break_on_line
4392 =head3 cmd_b_line(line, [condition]) (command)
4394 Wrapper for C<break_on_line>. Prints the failure message if it
4400 eval { break_on_line(@_); 1 } or do {
4402 print $OUT $@ and return;
4404 } ## end sub cmd_b_line
4406 =head3 break_on_filename_line(file, line, [condition]) (API)
4408 Switches to the file specified and then calls C<break_on_line> to set
4413 sub break_on_filename_line {
4414 my ( $f, $i, $cond ) = @_;
4416 # Always true if condition left off.
4417 $cond = 1 unless @_ >= 3;
4419 # Switch the magical hash temporarily.
4420 local *dbline = $main::{ '_<' . $f };
4422 # Localize the variables that break_on_line uses to make its message.
4423 local $filename_error = " of `$f'";
4424 local $filename = $f;
4426 # Add the breakpoint.
4427 break_on_line( $i, $cond );
4428 } ## end sub break_on_filename_line
4430 =head3 break_on_filename_line_range(file, from, to, [condition]) (API)
4432 Switch to another file, search the range of lines specified for an
4433 executable one, and put a breakpoint on the first one you find.
4437 sub break_on_filename_line_range {
4438 my ( $f, $from, $to, $cond ) = @_;
4440 # Find a breakable line if there is one.
4441 my $i = breakable_line_in_filename( $f, $from, $to );
4443 # Always true if missing.
4444 $cond = 1 unless @_ >= 3;
4446 # Add the breakpoint.
4447 break_on_filename_line( $f, $i, $cond );
4448 } ## end sub break_on_filename_line_range
4450 =head3 subroutine_filename_lines(subname, [condition]) (API)
4452 Search for a subroutine within a given file. The condition is ignored.
4453 Uses C<find_sub> to locate the desired subroutine.
4457 sub subroutine_filename_lines {
4458 my ( $subname, $cond ) = @_;
4460 # Returned value from find_sub() is fullpathname:startline-endline.
4461 # The match creates the list (fullpathname, start, end). Falling off
4462 # the end of the subroutine returns this implicitly.
4463 find_sub($subname) =~ /^(.*):(\d+)-(\d+)$/;
4464 } ## end sub subroutine_filename_lines
4466 =head3 break_subroutine(subname) (API)
4468 Places a break on the first line possible in the specified subroutine. Uses
4469 C<subroutine_filename_lines> to find the subroutine, and
4470 C<break_on_filename_line_range> to place the break.
4474 sub break_subroutine {
4475 my $subname = shift;
4477 # Get filename, start, and end.
4478 my ( $file, $s, $e ) = subroutine_filename_lines($subname)
4479 or die "Subroutine $subname not found.\n";
4481 # Null condition changes to '1' (always true).
4482 $cond = 1 unless @_ >= 2;
4484 # Put a break the first place possible in the range of lines
4485 # that make up this subroutine.
4486 break_on_filename_line_range( $file, $s, $e, @_ );
4487 } ## end sub break_subroutine
4489 =head3 cmd_b_sub(subname, [condition]) (command)
4491 We take the incoming subroutine name and fully-qualify it as best we can.
4495 =item 1. If it's already fully-qualified, leave it alone.
4497 =item 2. Try putting it in the current package.
4499 =item 3. If it's not there, try putting it in CORE::GLOBAL if it exists there.
4501 =item 4. If it starts with '::', put it in 'main::'.
4505 After all this cleanup, we call C<break_subroutine> to try to set the
4511 my ( $subname, $cond ) = @_;
4513 # Add always-true condition if we have none.
4514 $cond = 1 unless @_ >= 2;
4516 # If the subname isn't a code reference, qualify it so that
4517 # break_subroutine() will work right.
4518 unless ( ref $subname eq 'CODE' ) {
4521 $subname =~ s/\'/::/g;
4524 # Put it in this package unless it's already qualified.
4525 $subname = "${'package'}::" . $subname
4526 unless $subname =~ /::/;
4528 # Requalify it into CORE::GLOBAL if qualifying it into this
4529 # package resulted in its not being defined, but only do so
4530 # if it really is in CORE::GLOBAL.
4531 $subname = "CORE::GLOBAL::$s"
4532 if not defined &$subname
4534 and defined &{"CORE::GLOBAL::$s"};
4536 # Put it in package 'main' if it has a leading ::.
4537 $subname = "main" . $subname if substr( $subname, 0, 2 ) eq "::";
4539 } ## end unless (ref $subname eq 'CODE')
4541 # Try to set the breakpoint.
4542 eval { break_subroutine( $subname, $cond ); 1 } or do {
4544 print $OUT $@ and return;
4546 } ## end sub cmd_b_sub
4548 =head3 C<cmd_B> - delete breakpoint(s) (command)
4550 The command mostly parses the command line and tries to turn the argument
4551 into a line spec. If it can't, it uses the current line. It then calls
4552 C<delete_breakpoint> to actually do the work.
4554 If C<*> is specified, C<cmd_B> calls C<delete_breakpoint> with no arguments,
4555 thereby deleting all the breakpoints.
4562 # No line spec? Use dbline.
4563 # If there is one, use it if it's non-zero, or wipe it out if it is.
4564 my $line = ( $_[0] =~ /^\./ ) ? $dbline : shift || '';
4567 # If the line was dot, make the line the current one.
4568 $line =~ s/^\./$dbline/;
4570 # If it's * we're deleting all the breakpoints.
4571 if ( $line eq '*' ) {
4572 eval { &delete_breakpoint(); 1 } or print $OUT $@ and return;
4575 # If there is a line spec, delete the breakpoint on that line.
4576 elsif ( $line =~ /^(\S.*)/ ) {
4577 eval { &delete_breakpoint( $line || $dbline ); 1 } or do {
4579 print $OUT $@ and return;
4581 } ## end elsif ($line =~ /^(\S.*)/)
4586 "Deleting a breakpoint requires a line number, or '*' for all\n"
4591 =head3 delete_breakpoint([line]) (API)
4593 This actually does the work of deleting either a single breakpoint, or all
4596 For a single line, we look for it in C<@dbline>. If it's nonbreakable, we
4597 just drop out with a message saying so. If it is, we remove the condition
4598 part of the 'condition\0action' that says there's a breakpoint here. If,
4599 after we've done that, there's nothing left, we delete the corresponding
4600 line in C<%dbline> to signal that no action needs to be taken for this line.
4602 For all breakpoints, we iterate through the keys of C<%had_breakpoints>,
4603 which lists all currently-loaded files which have breakpoints. We then look
4604 at each line in each of these files, temporarily switching the C<%dbline>
4605 and C<@dbline> structures to point to the files in question, and do what
4606 we did in the single line case: delete the condition in C<@dbline>, and
4607 delete the key in C<%dbline> if nothing's left.
4609 We then wholesale delete C<%postponed>, C<%postponed_file>, and
4610 C<%break_on_load>, because these structures contain breakpoints for files
4611 and code that haven't been loaded yet. We can just kill these off because there
4612 are no magical debugger structures associated with them.
4616 sub delete_breakpoint {
4619 # If we got a line, delete just that one.
4620 if ( defined($i) ) {
4622 # Woops. This line wasn't breakable at all.
4623 die "Line $i not breakable.\n" if $dbline[$i] == 0;
4625 # Kill the condition, but leave any action.
4626 $dbline{$i} =~ s/^[^\0]*//;
4628 # Remove the entry entirely if there's no action left.
4629 delete $dbline{$i} if $dbline{$i} eq '';
4632 # No line; delete them all.
4634 print $OUT "Deleting all breakpoints...\n";
4636 # %had_breakpoints lists every file that had at least one
4638 for my $file ( keys %had_breakpoints ) {
4640 # Switch to the desired file temporarily.
4641 local *dbline = $main::{ '_<' . $file };
4646 # For all lines in this file ...
4647 for ( $i = 1 ; $i <= $max ; $i++ ) {
4649 # If there's a breakpoint or action on this line ...
4650 if ( defined $dbline{$i} ) {
4652 # ... remove the breakpoint.
4653 $dbline{$i} =~ s/^[^\0]+//;
4654 if ( $dbline{$i} =~ s/^\0?$// ) {
4656 # Remove the entry altogether if no action is there.
4659 } ## end if (defined $dbline{$i...
4660 } ## end for ($i = 1 ; $i <= $max...
4662 # If, after we turn off the "there were breakpoints in this file"
4663 # bit, the entry in %had_breakpoints for this file is zero,
4664 # we should remove this file from the hash.
4665 if ( not $had_breakpoints{$file} &= ~1 ) {
4666 delete $had_breakpoints{$file};
4668 } ## end for my $file (keys %had_breakpoints)
4670 # Kill off all the other breakpoints that are waiting for files that
4671 # haven't been loaded yet.
4673 undef %postponed_file;
4674 undef %break_on_load;
4675 } ## end else [ if (defined($i))
4676 } ## end sub delete_breakpoint
4678 =head3 cmd_stop (command)
4680 This is meant to be part of the new command API, but it isn't called or used
4681 anywhere else in the debugger. XXX It is probably meant for use in development
4686 sub cmd_stop { # As on ^C, but not signal-safy.
4690 =head3 C<cmd_e> - threads
4692 Display the current thread id:
4696 This could be how (when implemented) to send commands to this thread id (e cmd)
4697 or that thread id (e tid cmd).
4704 unless (exists($INC{'threads.pm'})) {
4705 print "threads not loaded($ENV{PERL5DB_THREADED})
4706 please run the debugger with PERL5DB_THREADED=1 set in the environment\n";
4708 my $tid = threads->tid;
4709 print "thread id: $tid\n";
4713 =head3 C<cmd_E> - list of thread ids
4715 Display the list of available thread ids:
4719 This could be used (when implemented) to send commands to all threads (E cmd).
4726 unless (exists($INC{'threads.pm'})) {
4727 print "threads not loaded($ENV{PERL5DB_THREADED})
4728 please run the debugger with PERL5DB_THREADED=1 set in the environment\n";
4730 my $tid = threads->tid;
4731 print "thread ids: ".join(', ',
4732 map { ($tid == $_->tid ? '<'.$_->tid.'>' : $_->tid) } threads->list
4737 =head3 C<cmd_h> - help command (command)
4739 Does the work of either
4745 Showing all the debugger help
4749 Showing help for a specific command
4758 # If we have no operand, assume null.
4759 my $line = shift || '';
4761 # 'h h'. Print the long-format help.
4762 if ( $line =~ /^h\s*/ ) {
4766 # 'h <something>'. Search for the command and print only its help.
4767 elsif ( $line =~ /^(\S.*)$/ ) {
4769 # support long commands; otherwise bogus errors
4770 # happen when you ask for h on <CR> for example
4771 my $asked = $1; # the command requested
4772 # (for proper error message)
4774 my $qasked = quotemeta($asked); # for searching; we don't
4775 # want to use it as a pattern.
4776 # XXX: finds CR but not <CR>
4778 # Search the help string for the command.
4780 $help =~ /^ # Start of a line
4782 (?:[IB]<) # Optional markup
4783 $qasked # The requested command
4788 # It's there; pull it out and print it.
4792 (?:[IB]<) # Optional markup
4793 $qasked # The command
4794 ([\s\S]*?) # Description line(s)
4795 \n) # End of last description line
4796 (?!\s) # Next line not starting with
4805 # Not found; not a debugger command.
4807 print_help("B<$asked> is not a debugger command.\n");
4809 } ## end elsif ($line =~ /^(\S.*)$/)
4811 # 'h' - print the summary help.
4813 print_help($summary);
4817 =head3 C<cmd_i> - inheritance display
4819 Display the (nested) parentage of the module or object given.
4826 foreach my $isa ( split( /\s+/, $line ) ) {
4835 defined( ${"$_\::VERSION"} )
4836 ? ' ' . ${"$_\::VERSION"}
4838 } @{mro::get_linear_isa(ref($isa) || $isa)}
4844 =head3 C<cmd_l> - list lines (command)
4846 Most of the command is taken up with transforming all the different line
4847 specification syntaxes into 'start-stop'. After that is done, the command
4848 runs a loop over C<@dbline> for the specified range of lines. It handles
4849 the printing of each line and any markers (C<==E<gt>> for current line,
4850 C<b> for break on this line, C<a> for action on this line, C<:> for this
4853 We save the last line listed in the C<$start> global for further listing
4859 my $current_line = $line;
4863 # If this is '-something', delete any spaces after the dash.
4864 $line =~ s/^-\s*$/-/;
4866 # If the line is '$something', assume this is a scalar containing a
4868 if ( $line =~ /^(\$.*)/s ) {
4870 # Set up for DB::eval() - evaluate in *user* context.
4875 # Ooops. Bad scalar.
4876 print( $OUT "Error: $@\n" ), next CMD if $@;
4878 # Good scalar. If it's a reference, find what it points to.
4880 print( $OUT "Interpreted as: $1 $s\n" );
4883 # Call self recursively to really do the command.
4885 } ## end if ($line =~ /^(\$.*)/s)
4887 # l name. Try to find a sub by that name.
4888 elsif ( $line =~ /^([\':A-Za-z_][\':\w]*(\[.*\])?)/s ) {
4889 my $s = $subname = $1;
4892 $subname =~ s/\'/::/;
4894 # Put it in this package unless it starts with ::.
4895 $subname = $package . "::" . $subname unless $subname =~ /::/;
4897 # Put it in CORE::GLOBAL if t doesn't start with :: and
4898 # it doesn't live in this package and it lives in CORE::GLOBAL.
4899 $subname = "CORE::GLOBAL::$s"
4900 if not defined &$subname
4902 and defined &{"CORE::GLOBAL::$s"};
4904 # Put leading '::' names into 'main::'.
4905 $subname = "main" . $subname if substr( $subname, 0, 2 ) eq "::";
4907 # Get name:start-stop from find_sub, and break this up at
4909 @pieces = split( /:/, find_sub($subname) || $sub{$subname} );
4911 # Pull off start-stop.
4912 $subrange = pop @pieces;
4914 # If the name contained colons, the split broke it up.
4915 # Put it back together.
4916 $file = join( ':', @pieces );
4918 # If we're not in that file, switch over to it.
4919 if ( $file ne $filename ) {
4920 print $OUT "Switching to file '$file'.\n"
4921 unless $slave_editor;
4923 # Switch debugger's magic structures.
4924 *dbline = $main::{ '_<' . $file };
4927 } ## end if ($file ne $filename)
4929 # Subrange is 'start-stop'. If this is less than a window full,
4930 # swap it to 'start+', which will list a window from the start point.
4932 if ( eval($subrange) < -$window ) {
4933 $subrange =~ s/-.*/+/;
4936 # Call self recursively to list the range.
4938 &cmd_l( 'l', $subrange );
4939 } ## end if ($subrange)
4943 print $OUT "Subroutine $subname not found.\n";
4945 } ## end elsif ($line =~ /^([\':A-Za-z_][\':\w]*(\[.*\])?)/s)
4948 elsif ( $line =~ /^\s*$/ ) {
4950 # Compute new range to list.
4951 $incr = $window - 1;
4952 $line = $start . '-' . ( $start + $incr );
4955 &cmd_l( 'l', $line );
4958 # l [start]+number_of_lines
4959 elsif ( $line =~ /^(\d*)\+(\d*)$/ ) {
4961 # Don't reset start for 'l +nnn'.
4964 # Increment for list. Use window size if not specified.
4965 # (Allows 'l +' to work.)
4967 $incr = $window - 1 unless $incr;
4969 # Create a line range we'll understand, and recurse to do it.
4970 $line = $start . '-' . ( $start + $incr );
4971 &cmd_l( 'l', $line );
4972 } ## end elsif ($line =~ /^(\d*)\+(\d*)$/)
4974 # l start-stop or l start,stop
4975 elsif ( $line =~ /^((-?[\d\$\.]+)([-,]([\d\$\.]+))?)?/ ) {
4977 # Determine end point; use end of file if not specified.
4978 $end = ( !defined $2 ) ? $max : ( $4 ? $4 : $2 );
4980 # Go on to the end, and then stop.
4981 $end = $max if $end > $max;
4983 # Determine start line.
4985 $i = $line if $i eq '.';
4989 # If we're running under a slave editor, force it to show the lines.
4990 if ($slave_editor) {
4991 print $OUT "\032\032$filename:$i:0\n";
4995 # We're doing it ourselves. We want to show the line and special
4997 # - the current line in execution
4998 # - whether a line is breakable or not
4999 # - whether a line has a break or not
5000 # - whether a line has an action or not
5002 for ( ; $i <= $end ; $i++ ) {
5004 # Check for breakpoints and actions.
5005 my ( $stop, $action );
5006 ( $stop, $action ) = split( /\0/, $dbline{$i} )
5009 # ==> if this is the current line in execution,
5010 # : if it's breakable.
5012 ( $i == $current_line and $filename eq $filename_ini )
5014 : ( $dbline[$i] + 0 ? ':' : ' ' );
5016 # Add break and action indicators.
5017 $arrow .= 'b' if $stop;
5018 $arrow .= 'a' if $action;
5021 print $OUT "$i$arrow\t", $dbline[$i];
5023 # Move on to the next line. Drop out on an interrupt.
5024 $i++, last if $signal;
5025 } ## end for (; $i <= $end ; $i++)
5027 # Line the prompt up; print a newline if the last line listed
5028 # didn't have a newline.
5029 print $OUT "\n" unless $dbline[ $i - 1 ] =~ /\n$/;
5030 } ## end else [ if ($slave_editor)
5032 # Save the point we last listed to in case another relative 'l'
5033 # command is desired. Don't let it run off the end.
5035 $start = $max if $start > $max;
5036 } ## end elsif ($line =~ /^((-?[\d\$\.]+)([-,]([\d\$\.]+))?)?/)
5039 =head3 C<cmd_L> - list breakpoints, actions, and watch expressions (command)
5041 To list breakpoints, the command has to look determine where all of them are
5042 first. It starts a C<%had_breakpoints>, which tells us what all files have
5043 breakpoints and/or actions. For each file, we switch the C<*dbline> glob (the
5044 magic source and breakpoint data structures) to the file, and then look
5045 through C<%dbline> for lines with breakpoints and/or actions, listing them
5046 out. We look through C<%postponed> not-yet-compiled subroutines that have
5047 breakpoints, and through C<%postponed_file> for not-yet-C<require>'d files
5048 that have breakpoints.
5050 Watchpoints are simpler: we just list the entries in C<@to_watch>.
5057 # If no argument, list everything. Pre-5.8.0 version always lists
5059 my $arg = shift || 'abw';
5060 $arg = 'abw' unless $CommandSet eq '580'; # sigh...
5062 # See what is wanted.
5063 my $action_wanted = ( $arg =~ /a/ ) ? 1 : 0;
5064 my $break_wanted = ( $arg =~ /b/ ) ? 1 : 0;
5065 my $watch_wanted = ( $arg =~ /w/ ) ? 1 : 0;
5067 # Breaks and actions are found together, so we look in the same place
5069 if ( $break_wanted or $action_wanted ) {
5071 # Look in all the files with breakpoints...
5072 for my $file ( keys %had_breakpoints ) {
5074 # Temporary switch to this file.
5075 local *dbline = $main::{ '_<' . $file };
5077 # Set up to look through the whole file.
5079 my $was; # Flag: did we print something
5082 # For each line in the file ...
5083 for ( $i = 1 ; $i <= $max ; $i++ ) {
5085 # We've got something on this line.
5086 if ( defined $dbline{$i} ) {
5088 # Print the header if we haven't.
5089 print $OUT "$file:\n" unless $was++;
5092 print $OUT " $i:\t", $dbline[$i];
5094 # Pull out the condition and the action.
5095 ( $stop, $action ) = split( /\0/, $dbline{$i} );
5097 # Print the break if there is one and it's wanted.
5098 print $OUT " break if (", $stop, ")\n"
5102 # Print the action if there is one and it's wanted.
5103 print $OUT " action: ", $action, "\n"
5107 # Quit if the user hit interrupt.
5109 } ## end if (defined $dbline{$i...
5110 } ## end for ($i = 1 ; $i <= $max...
5111 } ## end for my $file (keys %had_breakpoints)
5112 } ## end if ($break_wanted or $action_wanted)
5114 # Look for breaks in not-yet-compiled subs:
5115 if ( %postponed and $break_wanted ) {
5116 print $OUT "Postponed breakpoints in subroutines:\n";
5118 for $subname ( keys %postponed ) {
5119 print $OUT " $subname\t$postponed{$subname}\n";
5122 } ## end if (%postponed and $break_wanted)
5124 # Find files that have not-yet-loaded breaks:
5125 my @have = map { # Combined keys
5126 keys %{ $postponed_file{$_} }
5127 } keys %postponed_file;
5129 # If there are any, list them.
5130 if ( @have and ( $break_wanted or $action_wanted ) ) {
5131 print $OUT "Postponed breakpoints in files:\n";
5132 my ( $file, $line );
5134 for $file ( keys %postponed_file ) {
5135 my $db = $postponed_file{$file};
5136 print $OUT " $file:\n";
5137 for $line ( sort { $a <=> $b } keys %$db ) {
5138 print $OUT " $line:\n";
5139 my ( $stop, $action ) = split( /\0/, $$db{$line} );
5140 print $OUT " break if (", $stop, ")\n"
5143 print $OUT " action: ", $action, "\n"
5147 } ## end for $line (sort { $a <=>...
5149 } ## end for $file (keys %postponed_file)
5150 } ## end if (@have and ($break_wanted...
5151 if ( %break_on_load and $break_wanted ) {
5152 print $OUT "Breakpoints on load:\n";
5154 for $file ( keys %break_on_load ) {
5155 print $OUT " $file\n";
5158 } ## end if (%break_on_load and...
5159 if ($watch_wanted) {
5161 print $OUT "Watch-expressions:\n" if @to_watch;
5162 for my $expr (@to_watch) {
5163 print $OUT " $expr\n";
5166 } ## end if ($trace & 2)
5167 } ## end if ($watch_wanted)
5170 =head3 C<cmd_M> - list modules (command)
5172 Just call C<list_modules>.
5180 =head3 C<cmd_o> - options (command)
5182 If this is just C<o> by itself, we list the current settings via
5183 C<dump_option>. If there's a nonblank value following it, we pass that on to
5184 C<parse_options> for processing.
5190 my $opt = shift || ''; # opt[=val]
5192 # Nonblank. Try to parse and process.
5193 if ( $opt =~ /^(\S.*)/ ) {
5197 # Blank. List the current option settings.
5205 =head3 C<cmd_O> - nonexistent in 5.8.x (command)
5207 Advises the user that the O command has been renamed.
5212 print $OUT "The old O command is now the o command.\n"; # hint
5213 print $OUT "Use 'h' to get current command help synopsis or\n"; #
5214 print $OUT "use 'o CommandSet=pre580' to revert to old usage\n"; #
5217 =head3 C<cmd_v> - view window (command)
5219 Uses the C<$preview> variable set in the second C<BEGIN> block (q.v.) to
5220 move back a few lines to list the selected line in context. Uses C<cmd_l>
5221 to do the actual listing after figuring out the range of line to request.
5229 # Extract the line to list around. (Astute readers will have noted that
5230 # this pattern will match whether or not a numeric line is specified,
5231 # which means that we'll always enter this loop (though a non-numeric
5232 # argument results in no action at all)).
5233 if ( $line =~ /^(\d*)$/ ) {
5235 # Total number of lines to list (a windowful).
5236 $incr = $window - 1;
5238 # Set the start to the argument given (if there was one).
5241 # Back up by the context amount.
5244 # Put together a linespec that cmd_l will like.
5245 $line = $start . '-' . ( $start + $incr );
5248 &cmd_l( 'l', $line );
5249 } ## end if ($line =~ /^(\d*)$/)
5252 =head3 C<cmd_w> - add a watch expression (command)
5254 The 5.8 version of this command adds a watch expression if one is specified;
5255 it does nothing if entered with no operands.
5257 We extract the expression, save it, evaluate it in the user's context, and
5258 save the value. We'll re-evaluate it each time the debugger passes a line,
5259 and will stop (see the code at the top of the command loop) if the value
5260 of any of the expressions changes.
5267 # Null expression if no arguments.
5268 my $expr = shift || '';
5270 # If expression is not null ...
5271 if ( $expr =~ /^(\S.*)/ ) {
5274 push @to_watch, $expr;
5276 # Parameterize DB::eval and call it to get the expression's value
5277 # in the user's context. This version can handle expressions which
5278 # return a list value.
5280 my ($val) = join( ' ', &eval );
5281 $val = ( defined $val ) ? "'$val'" : 'undef';
5283 # Save the current value of the expression.
5284 push @old_watch, $val;
5286 # We are now watching expressions.
5288 } ## end if ($expr =~ /^(\S.*)/)
5290 # You have to give one to get one.
5292 print $OUT "Adding a watch-expression requires an expression\n"; # hint
5296 =head3 C<cmd_W> - delete watch expressions (command)
5298 This command accepts either a watch expression to be removed from the list
5299 of watch expressions, or C<*> to delete them all.
5301 If C<*> is specified, we simply empty the watch expression list and the
5302 watch expression value list. We also turn off the bit that says we've got
5305 If an expression (or partial expression) is specified, we pattern-match
5306 through the expressions and remove the ones that match. We also discard
5307 the corresponding values. If no watch expressions are left, we turn off
5308 the I<watching expressions> bit.
5314 my $expr = shift || '';
5317 if ( $expr eq '*' ) {
5322 print $OUT "Deleting all watch expressions ...\n";
5325 @to_watch = @old_watch = ();
5328 # Delete one of them.
5329 elsif ( $expr =~ /^(\S.*)/ ) {
5331 # Where we are in the list.
5334 # For each expression ...
5335 foreach (@to_watch) {
5336 my $val = $to_watch[$i_cnt];
5338 # Does this one match the command argument?
5339 if ( $val eq $expr ) { # =~ m/^\Q$i$/) {
5340 # Yes. Turn it off, and its value too.
5341 splice( @to_watch, $i_cnt, 1 );
5342 splice( @old_watch, $i_cnt, 1 );
5345 } ## end foreach (@to_watch)
5347 # We don't bother to turn watching off because
5348 # a) we don't want to stop calling watchfunction() it it exists
5349 # b) foreach over a null list doesn't do anything anyway
5351 } ## end elsif ($expr =~ /^(\S.*)/)
5353 # No command arguments entered.
5356 "Deleting a watch-expression requires an expression, or '*' for all\n"
5361 ### END of the API section
5363 =head1 SUPPORT ROUTINES
5365 These are general support routines that are used in a number of places
5366 throughout the debugger.
5370 save() saves the user's versions of globals that would mess us up in C<@saved>,
5371 and installs the versions we like better.
5377 # Save eval failure, command failure, extended OS error, output field
5378 # separator, input record separator, output record separator and
5379 # the warning setting.
5380 @saved = ( $@, $!, $^E, $,, $/, $\, $^W );
5382 $, = ""; # output field separator is null string
5383 $/ = "\n"; # input record separator is newline
5384 $\ = ""; # output record separator is null string
5385 $^W = 0; # warnings are off
5388 =head2 C<print_lineinfo> - show where we are now
5390 print_lineinfo prints whatever it is that it is handed; it prints it to the
5391 C<$LINEINFO> filehandle instead of just printing it to STDOUT. This allows
5392 us to feed line information to a slave editor without messing up the
5397 sub print_lineinfo {
5399 # Make the terminal sensible if we're not the primary debugger.
5400 resetterm(1) if $LINEINFO eq $OUT and $term_pid != $$;
5404 } ## end sub print_lineinfo
5406 =head2 C<postponed_sub>
5408 Handles setting postponed breakpoints in subroutines once they're compiled.
5409 For breakpoints, we use C<DB::find_sub> to locate the source file and line
5410 range for the subroutine, then mark the file as having a breakpoint,
5411 temporarily switch the C<*dbline> glob over to the source file, and then
5412 search the given range of lines to find a breakable line. If we find one,
5413 we set the breakpoint on it, deleting the breakpoint from C<%postponed>.
5417 # The following takes its argument via $evalarg to preserve current @_
5421 # Get the subroutine name.
5422 my $subname = shift;
5424 # If this is a 'break +<n> if <condition>' ...
5425 if ( $postponed{$subname} =~ s/^break\s([+-]?\d+)\s+if\s// ) {
5427 # If there's no offset, use '+0'.
5428 my $offset = $1 || 0;
5430 # find_sub's value is 'fullpath-filename:start-stop'. It's
5431 # possible that the filename might have colons in it too.
5432 my ( $file, $i ) = ( find_sub($subname) =~ /^(.*):(\d+)-.*$/ );
5435 # We got the start line. Add the offset '+<n>' from
5436 # $postponed{subname}.
5439 # Switch to the file this sub is in, temporarily.
5440 local *dbline = $main::{ '_<' . $file };
5442 # No warnings, please.
5443 local $^W = 0; # != 0 is magical below
5445 # This file's got a breakpoint in it.
5446 $had_breakpoints{$file} |= 1;
5448 # Last line in file.
5451 # Search forward until we hit a breakable line or get to
5452 # the end of the file.
5453 ++$i until $dbline[$i] != 0 or $i >= $max;
5455 # Copy the breakpoint in and delete it from %postponed.
5456 $dbline{$i} = delete $postponed{$subname};
5459 # find_sub didn't find the sub.
5462 print $OUT "Subroutine $subname not found.\n";
5465 } ## end if ($postponed{$subname...
5466 elsif ( $postponed{$subname} eq 'compile' ) { $signal = 1 }
5468 #print $OUT "In postponed_sub for `$subname'.\n";
5469 } ## end sub postponed_sub
5473 Called after each required file is compiled, but before it is executed;
5474 also called if the name of a just-compiled subroutine is a key of
5475 C<%postponed>. Propagates saved breakpoints (from C<b compile>, C<b load>,
5476 etc.) into the just-compiled code.
5478 If this is a C<require>'d file, the incoming parameter is the glob
5479 C<*{"_<$filename"}>, with C<$filename> the name of the C<require>'d file.
5481 If it's a subroutine, the incoming parameter is the subroutine name.
5487 # If there's a break, process it.
5488 if ($ImmediateStop) {
5490 # Right, we've stopped. Turn it off.
5493 # Enter the command loop when DB::DB gets called.
5497 # If this is a subroutine, let postponed_sub() deal with it.
5498 return &postponed_sub unless ref \$_[0] eq 'GLOB';
5500 # Not a subroutine. Deal with the file.
5501 local *dbline = shift;
5502 my $filename = $dbline;
5503 $filename =~ s/^_<//;
5505 $signal = 1, print $OUT "'$filename' loaded...\n"
5506 if $break_on_load{$filename};
5507 print_lineinfo( ' ' x $stack_depth, "Package $filename.\n" ) if $frame;
5509 # Do we have any breakpoints to put in this file?
5510 return unless $postponed_file{$filename};
5512 # Yes. Mark this file as having breakpoints.
5513 $had_breakpoints{$filename} |= 1;
5515 # "Cannot be done: insufficient magic" - we can't just put the
5516 # breakpoints saved in %postponed_file into %dbline by assigning
5517 # the whole hash; we have to do it one item at a time for the
5518 # breakpoints to be set properly.
5519 #%dbline = %{$postponed_file{$filename}};
5521 # Set the breakpoints, one at a time.
5524 for $key ( keys %{ $postponed_file{$filename} } ) {
5526 # Stash the saved breakpoint into the current file's magic line array.
5527 $dbline{$key} = ${ $postponed_file{$filename} }{$key};
5530 # This file's been compiled; discard the stored breakpoints.
5531 delete $postponed_file{$filename};
5533 } ## end sub postponed
5537 C<dumpit> is the debugger's wrapper around dumpvar.pl.
5539 It gets a filehandle (to which C<dumpvar.pl>'s output will be directed) and
5540 a reference to a variable (the thing to be dumped) as its input.
5542 The incoming filehandle is selected for output (C<dumpvar.pl> is printing to
5543 the currently-selected filehandle, thank you very much). The current
5544 values of the package globals C<$single> and C<$trace> are backed up in
5545 lexicals, and they are turned off (this keeps the debugger from trying
5546 to single-step through C<dumpvar.pl> (I think.)). C<$frame> is localized to
5547 preserve its current value and it is set to zero to prevent entry/exit
5548 messages from printing, and C<$doret> is localized as well and set to -2 to
5549 prevent return values from being shown.
5551 C<dumpit()> then checks to see if it needs to load C<dumpvar.pl> and
5552 tries to load it (note: if you have a C<dumpvar.pl> ahead of the
5553 installed version in C<@INC>, yours will be used instead. Possible security
5556 It then checks to see if the subroutine C<main::dumpValue> is now defined
5557 (it should have been defined by C<dumpvar.pl>). If it has, C<dumpit()>
5558 localizes the globals necessary for things to be sane when C<main::dumpValue()>
5559 is called, and picks up the variable to be dumped from the parameter list.
5561 It checks the package global C<%options> to see if there's a C<dumpDepth>
5562 specified. If not, -1 is assumed; if so, the supplied value gets passed on to
5563 C<dumpvar.pl>. This tells C<dumpvar.pl> where to leave off when dumping a
5564 structure: -1 means dump everything.
5566 C<dumpValue()> is then called if possible; if not, C<dumpit()>just prints a
5569 In either case, C<$single>, C<$trace>, C<$frame>, and C<$doret> are restored
5570 and we then return to the caller.
5576 # Save the current output filehandle and switch to the one
5577 # passed in as the first parameter.
5578 local ($savout) = select(shift);
5580 # Save current settings of $single and $trace, and then turn them off.
5581 my $osingle = $single;
5582 my $otrace = $trace;
5583 $single = $trace = 0;
5585 # XXX Okay, what do $frame and $doret do, again?
5589 # Load dumpvar.pl unless we've already got the sub we need from it.
5590 unless ( defined &main::dumpValue ) {
5591 do 'dumpvar.pl' or die $@;
5594 # If the load succeeded (or we already had dumpvalue()), go ahead
5596 if ( defined &main::dumpValue ) {
5601 my $maxdepth = shift || $option{dumpDepth};
5602 $maxdepth = -1 unless defined $maxdepth; # -1 means infinite depth
5603 &main::dumpValue( $v, $maxdepth );
5604 } ## end if (defined &main::dumpValue)
5606 # Oops, couldn't load dumpvar.pl.
5609 print $OUT "dumpvar.pl not available.\n";
5612 # Reset $single and $trace to their old values.
5616 # Restore the old filehandle.
5620 =head2 C<print_trace>
5622 C<print_trace>'s job is to print a stack trace. It does this via the
5623 C<dump_trace> routine, which actually does all the ferreting-out of the
5624 stack trace data. C<print_trace> takes care of formatting it nicely and
5625 printing it to the proper filehandle.
5633 The filehandle to print to.
5637 How many frames to skip before starting trace.
5641 How many frames to print.
5645 A flag: if true, print a I<short> trace without filenames, line numbers, or arguments
5649 The original comment below seems to be noting that the traceback may not be
5650 correct if this routine is called in a tied method.
5654 # Tied method do not create a context, so may get wrong message:
5660 # If this is going to a slave editor, but we're not the primary
5661 # debugger, reset it first.
5663 if $fh eq $LINEINFO # slave editor
5664 and $LINEINFO eq $OUT # normal output
5665 and $term_pid != $$; # not the primary
5667 # Collect the actual trace information to be formatted.
5668 # This is an array of hashes of subroutine call info.
5669 my @sub = dump_trace( $_[0] + 1, $_[1] );
5671 # Grab the "short report" flag from @_.
5672 my $short = $_[2]; # Print short report, next one for sub name
5674 # Run through the traceback info, format it, and print it.
5676 for ( $i = 0 ; $i <= $#sub ; $i++ ) {
5678 # Drop out if the user has lost interest and hit control-C.
5681 # Set the separator so arrys print nice.
5684 # Grab and stringify the arguments if they are there.
5686 defined $sub[$i]{args}
5687 ? "(@{ $sub[$i]{args} })"
5690 # Shorten them up if $maxtrace says they're too long.
5691 $args = ( substr $args, 0, $maxtrace - 3 ) . '...'
5692 if length $args > $maxtrace;
5694 # Get the file name.
5695 my $file = $sub[$i]{file};
5697 # Put in a filename header if short is off.
5698 $file = $file eq '-e' ? $file : "file `$file'" unless $short;
5700 # Get the actual sub's name, and shorten to $maxtrace's requirement.
5702 $s = ( substr $s, 0, $maxtrace - 3 ) . '...' if length $s > $maxtrace;
5704 # Short report uses trimmed file and sub names.
5706 my $sub = @_ >= 4 ? $_[3] : $s;
5707 print $fh "$sub[$i]{context}=$sub$args from $file:$sub[$i]{line}\n";
5708 } ## end if ($short)
5710 # Non-short report includes full names.
5712 print $fh "$sub[$i]{context} = $s$args"
5713 . " called from $file"
5714 . " line $sub[$i]{line}\n";
5716 } ## end for ($i = 0 ; $i <= $#sub...
5717 } ## end sub print_trace
5719 =head2 dump_trace(skip[,count])
5721 Actually collect the traceback information available via C<caller()>. It does
5722 some filtering and cleanup of the data, but mostly it just collects it to
5723 make C<print_trace()>'s job easier.
5725 C<skip> defines the number of stack frames to be skipped, working backwards
5726 from the most current. C<count> determines the total number of frames to
5727 be returned; all of them (well, the first 10^9) are returned if C<count>
5730 This routine returns a list of hashes, from most-recent to least-recent
5731 stack frame. Each has the following keys and values:
5735 =item * C<context> - C<.> (null), C<$> (scalar), or C<@> (array)
5737 =item * C<sub> - subroutine name, or C<eval> information
5739 =item * C<args> - undef, or a reference to an array of arguments
5741 =item * C<file> - the file in which this item was defined (if any)
5743 =item * C<line> - the line on which it was defined
5751 # How many levels to skip.
5754 # How many levels to show. (1e9 is a cheap way of saying "all of them";
5755 # it's unlikely that we'll have more than a billion stack frames. If you
5756 # do, you've got an awfully big machine...)
5757 my $count = shift || 1e9;
5759 # We increment skip because caller(1) is the first level *back* from
5760 # the current one. Add $skip to the count of frames so we have a
5761 # simple stop criterion, counting from $skip to $count+$skip.
5765 # These variables are used to capture output from caller();
5766 my ( $p, $file, $line, $sub, $h, $context );
5768 my ( $e, $r, @a, @sub, $args );
5770 # XXX Okay... why'd we do that?
5771 my $nothard = not $frame & 8;
5774 # Do not want to trace this.
5775 my $otrace = $trace;
5778 # Start out at the skip count.
5779 # If we haven't reached the number of frames requested, and caller() is
5780 # still returning something, stay in the loop. (If we pass the requested
5781 # number of stack frames, or we run out - caller() returns nothing - we
5783 # Up the stack frame index to go back one more level each time.
5787 and ( $p, $file, $line, $sub, $h, $context, $e, $r ) = caller($i) ;
5792 # Go through the arguments and save them for later.
5796 if ( not defined $arg ) { # undefined parameter
5800 elsif ( $nothard and tied $arg ) { # tied parameter
5803 elsif ( $nothard and $type = ref $arg ) { # reference
5804 push @a, "ref($type)";
5806 else { # can be stringified
5808 "$arg"; # Safe to stringify now - should not call f().
5810 # Backslash any single-quotes or backslashes.
5813 # Single-quote it unless it's a number or a colon-separated
5816 unless /^(?: -?[\d.]+ | \*[\w:]* )$/x;
5818 # Turn high-bit characters into meta-whatever.
5819 s/([\200-\377])/sprintf("M-%c",ord($1)&0177)/eg;
5821 # Turn control characters into ^-whatever.
5822 s/([\0-\37\177])/sprintf("^%c",ord($1)^64)/eg;
5825 } ## end else [ if (not defined $arg)
5826 } ## end for $arg (@args)
5828 # If context is true, this is array (@)context.
5829 # If context is false, this is scalar ($) context.
5830 # If neither, context isn't defined. (This is apparently a 'can't
5832 $context = $context ? '@' : ( defined $context ? "\$" : '.' );
5834 # if the sub has args ($h true), make an anonymous array of the
5836 $args = $h ? [@a] : undef;
5838 # remove trailing newline-whitespace-semicolon-end of line sequence
5839 # from the eval text, if any.
5840 $e =~ s/\n\s*\;\s*\Z// if $e;
5842 # Escape backslashed single-quotes again if necessary.
5843 $e =~ s/([\\\'])/\\$1/g if $e;
5845 # if the require flag is true, the eval text is from a require.
5847 $sub = "require '$e'";
5850 # if it's false, the eval text is really from an eval.
5851 elsif ( defined $r ) {
5855 # If the sub is '(eval)', this is a block eval, meaning we don't
5856 # know what the eval'ed text actually was.
5857 elsif ( $sub eq '(eval)' ) {
5858 $sub = "eval {...}";
5861 # Stick the collected information into @sub as an anonymous hash.
5865 context => $context,
5873 # Stop processing frames if the user hit control-C.
5875 } ## end for ($i = $skip ; $i < ...
5877 # Restore the trace value again.
5880 } ## end sub dump_trace
5884 C<action()> takes input provided as the argument to an add-action command,
5885 either pre- or post-, and makes sure it's a complete command. It doesn't do
5886 any fancy parsing; it just keeps reading input until it gets a string
5887 without a trailing backslash.
5894 while ( $action =~ s/\\$// ) {
5896 # We have a backslash on the end. Read more.
5898 } ## end while ($action =~ s/\\$//)
5900 # Return the assembled action.
5906 This routine mostly just packages up a regular expression to be used
5907 to check that the thing it's being matched against has properly-matched
5910 Of note is the definition of the C<$balanced_brace_re> global via C<||=>, which
5911 speeds things up by only creating the qr//'ed expression once; if it's
5912 already defined, we don't try to define it again. A speed hack.
5918 # I hate using globals!
5919 $balanced_brace_re ||= qr{
5922 (?> [^{}] + ) # Non-parens without backtracking
5924 (??{ $balanced_brace_re }) # Group with matching parens
5928 return $_[0] !~ m/$balanced_brace_re/;
5929 } ## end sub unbalanced
5933 C<gets()> is a primitive (very primitive) routine to read continuations.
5934 It was devised for reading continuations for actions.
5935 it just reads more input with C<readline()> and returns it.
5940 &readline("cont: ");
5943 =head2 C<DB::system()> - handle calls to<system()> without messing up the debugger
5945 The C<system()> function assumes that it can just go ahead and use STDIN and
5946 STDOUT, but under the debugger, we want it to use the debugger's input and
5949 C<DB::system()> socks away the program's STDIN and STDOUT, and then substitutes
5950 the debugger's IN and OUT filehandles for them. It does the C<system()> call,
5951 and then puts everything back again.
5957 # We save, change, then restore STDIN and STDOUT to avoid fork() since
5958 # some non-Unix systems can do system() but have problems with fork().
5959 open( SAVEIN, "<&STDIN" ) || &warn("Can't save STDIN");
5960 open( SAVEOUT, ">&STDOUT" ) || &warn("Can't save STDOUT");
5961 open( STDIN, "<&IN" ) || &warn("Can't redirect STDIN");
5962 open( STDOUT, ">&OUT" ) || &warn("Can't redirect STDOUT");
5964 # XXX: using csh or tcsh destroys sigint retvals!
5966 open( STDIN, "<&SAVEIN" ) || &warn("Can't restore STDIN");
5967 open( STDOUT, ">&SAVEOUT" ) || &warn("Can't restore STDOUT");
5971 # most of the $? crud was coping with broken cshisms
5973 &warn( "(Command exited ", ( $? >> 8 ), ")\n" );
5977 "(Command died of SIG#",
5979 ( ( $? & 128 ) ? " -- core dumped" : "" ),
5988 =head1 TTY MANAGEMENT
5990 The subs here do some of the terminal management for multiple debuggers.
5994 Top-level function called when we want to set up a new terminal for use
5997 If the C<noTTY> debugger option was set, we'll either use the terminal
5998 supplied (the value of the C<noTTY> option), or we'll use C<Term::Rendezvous>
5999 to find one. If we're a forked debugger, we call C<resetterm> to try to
6000 get a whole new terminal if we can.
6002 In either case, we set up the terminal next. If the C<ReadLine> option was
6003 true, we'll get a C<Term::ReadLine> object for the current terminal and save
6004 the appropriate attributes. We then
6010 # Load Term::Readline, but quietly; don't debug it and don't trace it.
6013 require Term::ReadLine;
6015 # If noTTY is set, but we have a TTY name, go ahead and hook up to it.
6018 my ( $i, $o ) = split $tty, /,/;
6019 $o = $i unless defined $o;
6020 open( IN, "<$i" ) or die "Cannot open TTY `$i' for read: $!";
6021 open( OUT, ">$o" ) or die "Cannot open TTY `$o' for write: $!";
6024 my $sel = select($OUT);
6029 # We don't have a TTY - try to find one via Term::Rendezvous.
6031 require Term::Rendezvous;
6033 # See if we have anything to pass to Term::Rendezvous.
6034 # Use $HOME/.perldbtty$$ if not.
6035 my $rv = $ENV{PERLDB_NOTTY} || "$ENV{HOME}/.perldbtty$$";
6037 # Rendezvous and get the filehandles.
6038 my $term_rv = Term::Rendezvous->new( $rv );
6040 $OUT = $term_rv->OUT;
6041 } ## end else [ if ($tty)
6042 } ## end if ($notty)
6044 # We're a daughter debugger. Try to fork off another TTY.
6045 if ( $term_pid eq '-1' ) { # In a TTY with another debugger
6049 # If we shouldn't use Term::ReadLine, don't.
6051 $term = Term::ReadLine::Stub->new( 'perldb', $IN, $OUT );
6054 # We're using Term::ReadLine. Get all the attributes for this terminal.
6056 $term = Term::ReadLine->new( 'perldb', $IN, $OUT );
6058 $rl_attribs = $term->Attribs;
6059 $rl_attribs->{basic_word_break_characters} .= '-:+/*,[])}'
6060 if defined $rl_attribs->{basic_word_break_characters}
6061 and index( $rl_attribs->{basic_word_break_characters}, ":" ) == -1;
6062 $rl_attribs->{special_prefixes} = '$@&%';
6063 $rl_attribs->{completer_word_break_characters} .= '$@&%';
6064 $rl_attribs->{completion_function} = \&db_complete;
6065 } ## end else [ if (!$rl)
6067 # Set up the LINEINFO filehandle.
6068 $LINEINFO = $OUT unless defined $LINEINFO;
6069 $lineinfo = $console unless defined $lineinfo;
6075 if ( $term->Features->{setHistory} and "@hist" ne "?" ) {
6076 $term->SetHistory(@hist);
6079 # XXX Ornaments are turned on unconditionally, which is not
6080 # always a good thing.
6081 ornaments($ornaments) if defined $ornaments;
6083 } ## end sub setterm
6086 $histfile //= option_val("HistFile", undef);
6087 return unless defined $histfile;
6088 open my $fh, "<", $histfile or return;
6099 return unless defined $histfile;
6100 eval { require File::Path } or return;
6101 eval { require File::Basename } or return;
6102 File::Path::mkpath(File::Basename::dirname($histfile));
6103 open my $fh, ">", $histfile or die "Could not open '$histfile': $!";
6104 $histsize //= option_val("HistSize",100);
6105 my @copy = grep { $_ ne '?' } @hist;
6106 my $start = scalar(@copy) > $histsize ? scalar(@copy)-$histsize : 0;
6107 for ($start .. $#copy) {
6108 print $fh "$copy[$_]\n";
6110 close $fh or die "Could not write '$histfile': $!";
6113 =head1 GET_FORK_TTY EXAMPLE FUNCTIONS
6115 When the process being debugged forks, or the process invokes a command
6116 via C<system()> which starts a new debugger, we need to be able to get a new
6117 C<IN> and C<OUT> filehandle for the new debugger. Otherwise, the two processes
6118 fight over the terminal, and you can never quite be sure who's going to get the
6119 input you're typing.
6121 C<get_fork_TTY> is a glob-aliased function which calls the real function that
6122 is tasked with doing all the necessary operating system mojo to get a new
6123 TTY (and probably another window) and to direct the new debugger to read and
6126 The debugger provides C<get_fork_TTY> functions which work for TCP
6127 socket servers, X Windows, OS/2, and Mac OS X. Other systems are not
6128 supported. You are encouraged to write C<get_fork_TTY> functions which
6129 work for I<your> platform and contribute them.
6131 =head3 C<socket_get_fork_TTY>
6135 sub connect_remoteport {
6138 my $socket = IO::Socket::INET->new(
6140 PeerAddr => $remoteport,
6144 die "Unable to connect to remote host: $remoteport\n";
6149 sub socket_get_fork_TTY {
6150 $tty = $LINEINFO = $IN = $OUT = connect_remoteport();
6152 # Do I need to worry about setting $term?
6154 reset_IN_OUT( $IN, $OUT );
6158 =head3 C<xterm_get_fork_TTY>
6160 This function provides the C<get_fork_TTY> function for X windows. If a
6161 program running under the debugger forks, a new <xterm> window is opened and
6162 the subsidiary debugger is directed there.
6164 The C<open()> call is of particular note here. We have the new C<xterm>
6165 we're spawning route file number 3 to STDOUT, and then execute the C<tty>
6166 command (which prints the device name of the TTY we'll want to use for input
6167 and output to STDOUT, then C<sleep> for a very long time, routing this output
6168 to file number 3. This way we can simply read from the <XT> filehandle (which
6169 is STDOUT from the I<commands> we ran) to get the TTY we want to use.
6171 Only works if C<xterm> is in your path and C<$ENV{DISPLAY}>, etc. are
6176 sub xterm_get_fork_TTY {
6177 ( my $name = $0 ) =~ s,^.*[/\\],,s;
6179 qq[3>&1 xterm -title "Daughter Perl debugger $pids $name" -e sh -c 'tty 1>&3;\
6182 # Get the output from 'tty' and clean it up a little.
6186 $pidprompt = ''; # Shown anyway in titlebar
6188 # We need $term defined or we can not switch to the newly created xterm
6189 if ($tty ne '' && !defined $term) {
6190 require Term::ReadLine;
6192 $term = Term::ReadLine::Stub->new( 'perldb', $IN, $OUT );
6195 $term = Term::ReadLine->new( 'perldb', $IN, $OUT );
6198 # There's our new TTY.
6200 } ## end sub xterm_get_fork_TTY
6202 =head3 C<os2_get_fork_TTY>
6204 XXX It behooves an OS/2 expert to write the necessary documentation for this!
6208 # This example function resets $IN, $OUT itself
6210 sub os2_get_fork_TTY { # A simplification of the following (and works without):
6212 ( my $name = $0 ) =~ s,^.*[/\\],,s;
6213 my %opt = ( title => "Daughter Perl debugger $pids $name",
6214 ($rl ? (read_by_key => 1) : ()) );
6215 require OS2::Process;
6216 my ($in, $out, $pid) = eval { OS2::Process::io_term(related => 0, %opt) }
6218 $pidprompt = ''; # Shown anyway in titlebar
6219 reset_IN_OUT($in, $out);
6221 return ''; # Indicate that reset_IN_OUT is called
6222 } ## end sub os2_get_fork_TTY
6224 =head3 C<macosx_get_fork_TTY>
6226 The Mac OS X version uses AppleScript to tell Terminal.app to create
6231 # Notes about Terminal.app's AppleScript support,
6232 # (aka things that might break in future OS versions).
6234 # The "do script" command doesn't return a reference to the new window
6235 # it creates, but since it appears frontmost and windows are enumerated
6236 # front to back, we can use "first window" === "window 1".
6238 # Since "do script" is implemented by supplying the argument (plus a
6239 # return character) as terminal input, there's a potential race condition
6240 # where the debugger could beat the shell to reading the command.
6241 # To prevent this, we wait for the screen to clear before proceeding.
6244 # There's no direct accessor for the tty device name, so we fiddle
6245 # with the window title options until it says what we want.
6248 # There _is_ a direct accessor for the tty device name, _and_ there's
6249 # a new possible component of the window title (the name of the settings
6250 # set). A separate version is needed.
6252 my @script_versions=
6254 ([237, <<'__LEOPARD__'],
6255 tell application "Terminal"
6256 do script "clear;exec sleep 100000"
6257 tell first tab of first window
6259 set custom title to "forked perl debugger"
6260 set title displays custom title to true
6261 repeat while (length of first paragraph of (get contents)) > 0
6269 [100, <<'__JAGUAR_TIGER__'],
6270 tell application "Terminal"
6271 do script "clear;exec sleep 100000"
6273 set title displays shell path to false
6274 set title displays window size to false
6275 set title displays file name to false
6276 set title displays device name to true
6277 set title displays custom title to true
6278 set custom title to ""
6279 copy "/dev/" & name to thetty
6280 set custom title to "forked perl debugger"
6281 repeat while (length of first paragraph of (get contents)) > 0
6291 sub macosx_get_fork_TTY
6293 my($version,$script,$pipe,$tty);
6295 return unless $version=$ENV{TERM_PROGRAM_VERSION};
6296 foreach my $entry (@script_versions) {
6297 if ($version>=$entry->[0]) {
6298 $script=$entry->[1];
6302 return unless defined($script);
6303 return unless open($pipe,'-|','/usr/bin/osascript','-e',$script);
6304 $tty=readline($pipe);
6306 return unless defined($tty) && $tty =~ m(^/dev/);
6311 =head2 C<create_IN_OUT($flags)>
6313 Create a new pair of filehandles, pointing to a new TTY. If impossible,
6314 try to diagnose why.
6320 =item * 1 - Don't know how to create a new TTY.
6322 =item * 2 - Debugger has forked, but we can't get a new TTY.
6324 =item * 4 - standard debugger startup is happening.
6330 sub create_IN_OUT { # Create a window with IN/OUT handles redirected there
6332 # If we know how to get a new TTY, do it! $in will have
6333 # the TTY name if get_fork_TTY works.
6334 my $in = &get_fork_TTY if defined &get_fork_TTY;
6336 # It used to be that
6337 $in = $fork_TTY if defined $fork_TTY; # Backward compatibility
6339 if ( not defined $in ) {
6342 # We don't know how.
6343 print_help(<<EOP) if $why == 1;
6344 I<#########> Forked, but do not know how to create a new B<TTY>. I<#########>
6348 print_help(<<EOP) if $why == 2;
6349 I<#########> Daughter session, do not know how to change a B<TTY>. I<#########>
6350 This may be an asynchronous session, so the parent debugger may be active.
6353 # Note that both debuggers are fighting over the same input.
6354 print_help(<<EOP) if $why != 4;
6355 Since two debuggers fight for the same TTY, input is severely entangled.
6359 I know how to switch the output to a different window in xterms, OS/2
6360 consoles, and Mac OS X Terminal.app only. For a manual switch, put the name
6361 of the created I<TTY> in B<\$DB::fork_TTY>, or define a function
6362 B<DB::get_fork_TTY()> returning this.
6364 On I<UNIX>-like systems one can get the name of a I<TTY> for the given window
6365 by typing B<tty>, and disconnect the I<shell> from I<TTY> by B<sleep 1000000>.
6368 } ## end if (not defined $in)
6369 elsif ( $in ne '' ) {
6373 $console = ''; # Indicate no need to open-from-the-console
6376 } ## end sub create_IN_OUT
6380 Handles rejiggering the prompt when we've forked off a new debugger.
6382 If the new debugger happened because of a C<system()> that invoked a
6383 program under the debugger, the arrow between the old pid and the new
6384 in the prompt has I<two> dashes instead of one.
6386 We take the current list of pids and add this one to the end. If there
6387 isn't any list yet, we make one up out of the initial pid associated with
6388 the terminal and our new pid, sticking an arrow (either one-dashed or
6389 two dashed) in between them.
6391 If C<CreateTTY> is off, or C<resetterm> was called with no arguments,
6392 we don't try to create a new IN and OUT filehandle. Otherwise, we go ahead
6397 sub resetterm { # We forked, so we need a different TTY
6399 # Needs to be passed to create_IN_OUT() as well.
6402 # resetterm(2): got in here because of a system() starting a debugger.
6403 # resetterm(1): just forked.
6404 my $systemed = $in > 1 ? '-' : '';
6406 # If there's already a list of pids, add this to the end.
6408 $pids =~ s/\]/$systemed->$$]/;
6411 # No pid list. Time to make one.
6413 $pids = "[$term_pid->$$]";
6416 # The prompt we're going to be using for this debugger.
6419 # We now 0wnz this terminal.
6422 # Just return if we're not supposed to try to create a new TTY.
6423 return unless $CreateTTY & $in;
6425 # Try to create a new IN/OUT pair.
6427 } ## end sub resetterm
6431 First, we handle stuff in the typeahead buffer. If there is any, we shift off
6432 the next line, print a message saying we got it, add it to the terminal
6433 history (if possible), and return it.
6435 If there's nothing in the typeahead buffer, check the command filehandle stack.
6436 If there are any filehandles there, read from the last one, and return the line
6437 if we got one. If not, we pop the filehandle off and close it, and try the
6438 next one up the stack.
6440 If we've emptied the filehandle stack, we check to see if we've got a socket
6441 open, and we read that and return it if we do. If we don't, we just call the
6442 core C<readline()> and return its value.
6448 # Localize to prevent it from being smashed in the program being debugged.
6451 # Pull a line out of the typeahead if there's stuff there.
6454 # How many lines left.
6455 my $left = @typeahead;
6457 # Get the next line.
6458 my $got = shift @typeahead;
6460 # Print a message saying we got input from the typeahead.
6462 print $OUT "auto(-$left)", shift, $got, "\n";
6464 # Add it to the terminal history (if possible).
6465 $term->AddHistory($got)
6467 and defined $term->Features->{addHistory};
6469 } ## end if (@typeahead)
6471 # We really need to read some input. Turn off entry/exit trace and
6472 # return value printing.
6476 # If there are stacked filehandles to read from ...
6479 # Read from the last one in the stack.
6480 my $line = CORE::readline( $cmdfhs[-1] );
6482 # If we got a line ...
6484 ? ( print $OUT ">> $line" and return $line ) # Echo and return
6485 : close pop @cmdfhs; # Pop and close
6486 } ## end while (@cmdfhs)
6488 # Nothing on the filehandle stack. Socket?
6489 if ( ref $OUT and UNIVERSAL::isa( $OUT, 'IO::Socket::INET' ) ) {
6491 # Send anything we have to send.
6492 $OUT->write( join( '', @_ ) );
6494 # Receive anything there is to receive.
6499 $IN->recv( $buf = '', 2048 ); # XXX "what's wrong with sysread?"
6500 # XXX Don't know. You tell me.
6501 } while length $buf and ($stuff .= $buf) !~ /\n/;
6505 } ## end if (ref $OUT and UNIVERSAL::isa...
6507 # No socket. Just read from the terminal.
6509 $term->readline(@_);
6511 } ## end sub readline
6513 =head1 OPTIONS SUPPORT ROUTINES
6515 These routines handle listing and setting option values.
6517 =head2 C<dump_option> - list the current value of an option setting
6519 This routine uses C<option_val> to look up the value for an option.
6520 It cleans up escaped single-quotes and then displays the option and
6526 my ( $opt, $val ) = @_;
6527 $val = option_val( $opt, 'N/A' );
6528 $val =~ s/([\\\'])/\\$1/g;
6529 printf $OUT "%20s = '%s'\n", $opt, $val;
6530 } ## end sub dump_option
6532 sub options2remember {
6533 foreach my $k (@RememberOnROptions) {
6534 $option{$k} = option_val( $k, 'N/A' );
6539 =head2 C<option_val> - find the current value of an option
6541 This can't just be a simple hash lookup because of the indirect way that
6542 the option values are stored. Some are retrieved by calling a subroutine,
6543 some are just variables.
6545 You must supply a default value to be used in case the option isn't set.
6550 my ( $opt, $default ) = @_;
6553 # Does this option exist, and is it a variable?
6554 # If so, retrieve the value via the value in %optionVars.
6555 if ( defined $optionVars{$opt}
6556 and defined ${ $optionVars{$opt} } )
6558 $val = ${ $optionVars{$opt} };
6561 # Does this option exist, and it's a subroutine?
6562 # If so, call the subroutine via the ref in %optionAction
6563 # and capture the value.
6564 elsif ( defined $optionAction{$opt}
6565 and defined &{ $optionAction{$opt} } )
6567 $val = &{ $optionAction{$opt} }();
6570 # If there's an action or variable for the supplied option,
6571 # but no value was set, use the default.
6572 elsif (defined $optionAction{$opt} and not defined $option{$opt}
6573 or defined $optionVars{$opt} and not defined ${ $optionVars{$opt} } )
6578 # Otherwise, do the simple hash lookup.
6580 $val = $option{$opt};
6583 # If the value isn't defined, use the default.
6584 # Then return whatever the value is.
6585 $val = $default unless defined $val;
6587 } ## end sub option_val
6589 =head2 C<parse_options>
6591 Handles the parsing and execution of option setting/displaying commands.
6593 An option entered by itself is assumed to be I<set me to 1> (the default value)
6594 if the option is a boolean one. If not, the user is prompted to enter a valid
6595 value or to query the current value (via C<option? >).
6597 If C<option=value> is entered, we try to extract a quoted string from the
6598 value (if it is quoted). If it's not, we just use the whole value as-is.
6600 We load any modules required to service this option, and then we set it: if
6601 it just gets stuck in a variable, we do that; if there's a subroutine to
6602 handle setting the option, we call that.
6604 Finally, if we're running in interactive mode, we display the effect of the
6605 user's command back to the terminal, skipping this if we're setting things
6606 during initialization.
6614 # These options need a value. Don't allow them to be clobbered by accident.
6615 my %opt_needs_val = map { ( $_ => 1 ) } qw{
6616 dumpDepth arrayDepth hashDepth LineInfo maxTraceLen ornaments windowSize
6617 pager quote ReadLine recallCommand RemotePort ShellBang TTY CommandSet
6623 # Clean off excess leading whitespace.
6626 # Options are always all word characters, followed by a non-word
6628 s/^(\w+)(\W?)// or print( $OUT "Invalid option `$_'\n" ), last;
6629 my ( $opt, $sep ) = ( $1, $2 );
6631 # Make sure that such an option exists.
6632 my $matches = grep( /^\Q$opt/ && ( $option = $_ ), @options )
6633 || grep( /^\Q$opt/i && ( $option = $_ ), @options );
6635 print( $OUT "Unknown option `$opt'\n" ), next unless $matches;
6636 print( $OUT "Ambiguous option `$opt'\n" ), next if $matches > 1;
6639 # '?' as separator means query, but must have whitespace after it.
6640 if ( "?" eq $sep ) {
6641 print( $OUT "Option query `$opt?' followed by non-space `$_'\n" ),
6645 #&dump_option($opt);
6646 } ## end if ("?" eq $sep)
6648 # Separator is whitespace (or just a carriage return).
6649 # They're going for a default, which we assume is 1.
6650 elsif ( $sep !~ /\S/ ) {
6652 $val = "1"; # this is an evil default; make 'em set it!
6655 # Separator is =. Trying to set a value.
6656 elsif ( $sep eq "=" ) {
6658 # If quoted, extract a quoted string.
6659 if (s/ (["']) ( (?: \\. | (?! \1 ) [^\\] )* ) \1 //x) {
6661 ( $val = $2 ) =~ s/\\([$quote\\])/$1/g;
6664 # Not quoted. Use the whole thing. Warn about 'option='.
6668 print OUT qq(Option better cleared using $opt=""\n)
6670 } ## end else [ if (s/ (["']) ( (?: \\. | (?! \1 ) [^\\] )* ) \1 //x)
6672 } ## end elsif ($sep eq "=")
6674 # "Quoted" with [], <>, or {}.
6675 else { #{ to "let some poor schmuck bounce on the % key in B<vi>."
6677 "\\" . substr( ")]>}$sep", index( "([<{", $sep ), 1 ); #}
6678 s/^(([^\\$end]|\\[\\$end])*)$end($|\s+)//
6679 or print( $OUT "Unclosed option value `$opt$sep$_'\n" ), last;
6680 ( $val = $1 ) =~ s/\\([\\$end])/$1/g;
6681 } ## end else [ if ("?" eq $sep)
6683 # Exclude non-booleans from getting set to 1 by default.
6684 if ( $opt_needs_val{$option} && $val_defaulted ) {
6685 my $cmd = ( $CommandSet eq '580' ) ? 'o' : 'O';
6687 "Option `$opt' is non-boolean. Use `$cmd $option=VAL' to set, `$cmd $option?' to query\n";
6689 } ## end if ($opt_needs_val{$option...
6691 # Save the option value.
6692 $option{$option} = $val if defined $val;
6694 # Load any module that this option requires.
6698 require '$optionRequire{$option}';
6700 } || die $@ # XXX: shouldn't happen
6701 if defined $optionRequire{$option}
6705 # Stick it in the proper variable if it goes in a variable.
6706 ${ $optionVars{$option} } = $val
6707 if defined $optionVars{$option}
6710 # Call the appropriate sub if it gets set via sub.
6711 &{ $optionAction{$option} }($val)
6712 if defined $optionAction{$option}
6713 && defined &{ $optionAction{$option} }
6716 # Not initialization - echo the value we set it to.
6717 dump_option($option) unless $OUT eq \*STDERR;
6718 } ## end while (length)
6719 } ## end sub parse_options
6721 =head1 RESTART SUPPORT
6723 These routines are used to store (and restore) lists of items in environment
6724 variables during a restart.
6728 Set_list packages up items to be stored in a set of environment variables
6729 (VAR_n, containing the number of items, and VAR_0, VAR_1, etc., containing
6730 the values). Values outside the standard ASCII charset are stored by encoding
6731 then as hexadecimal values.
6736 my ( $stem, @list ) = @_;
6739 # VAR_n: how many we have. Scalar assignment gets the number of items.
6740 $ENV{"${stem}_n"} = @list;
6742 # Grab each item in the list, escape the backslashes, encode the non-ASCII
6743 # as hex, and then save in the appropriate VAR_0, VAR_1, etc.
6744 for $i ( 0 .. $#list ) {
6746 $val =~ s/\\/\\\\/g;
6747 $val =~ s/([\0-\37\177\200-\377])/"\\0x" . unpack('H2',$1)/eg;
6748 $ENV{"${stem}_$i"} = $val;
6749 } ## end for $i (0 .. $#list)
6750 } ## end sub set_list
6754 Reverse the set_list operation: grab VAR_n to see how many we should be getting
6755 back, and then pull VAR_0, VAR_1. etc. back out.
6762 my $n = delete $ENV{"${stem}_n"};
6764 for $i ( 0 .. $n - 1 ) {
6765 $val = delete $ENV{"${stem}_$i"};
6766 $val =~ s/\\((\\)|0x(..))/ $2 ? $2 : pack('H2', $3) /ge;
6770 } ## end sub get_list
6772 =head1 MISCELLANEOUS SIGNAL AND I/O MANAGEMENT
6776 The C<catch()> subroutine is the essence of fast and low-impact. We simply
6777 set an already-existing global scalar variable to a constant value. This
6778 avoids allocating any memory possibly in the middle of something that will
6779 get all confused if we do, particularly under I<unsafe signals>.
6785 return; # Put nothing on the stack - malloc/free land!
6790 C<warn> emits a warning, by joining together its arguments and printing
6791 them, with couple of fillips.
6793 If the composited message I<doesn't> end with a newline, we automatically
6794 add C<$!> and a newline to the end of the message. The subroutine expects $OUT
6795 to be set to the filehandle to be used to output warnings; it makes no
6796 assumptions about what filehandles are available.
6801 my ($msg) = join( "", @_ );
6802 $msg .= ": $!\n" unless $msg =~ /\n$/;
6807 =head1 INITIALIZATION TTY SUPPORT
6809 =head2 C<reset_IN_OUT>
6811 This routine handles restoring the debugger's input and output filehandles
6812 after we've tried and failed to move them elsewhere. In addition, it assigns
6813 the debugger's output filehandle to $LINEINFO if it was already open there.
6818 my $switch_li = $LINEINFO eq $OUT;
6820 # If there's a term and it's able to get a new tty, try to get one.
6821 if ( $term and $term->Features->{newTTY} ) {
6822 ( $IN, $OUT ) = ( shift, shift );
6823 $term->newTTY( $IN, $OUT );
6826 # This term can't get a new tty now. Better luck later.
6828 &warn("Too late to set IN/OUT filehandles, enabled on next `R'!\n");
6831 # Set the filehndles up as they were.
6833 ( $IN, $OUT ) = ( shift, shift );
6836 # Unbuffer the output filehandle.
6837 my $o = select $OUT;
6841 # Point LINEINFO to the same output filehandle if it was there before.
6842 $LINEINFO = $OUT if $switch_li;
6843 } ## end sub reset_IN_OUT
6845 =head1 OPTION SUPPORT ROUTINES
6847 The following routines are used to process some of the more complicated
6852 Sets the input and output filehandles to the specified files or pipes.
6853 If the terminal supports switching, we go ahead and do it. If not, and
6854 there's already a terminal in place, we save the information to take effect
6857 If there's no terminal yet (for instance, during debugger initialization),
6858 we go ahead and set C<$console> and C<$tty> to the file indicated.
6864 if ( @_ and $term and $term->Features->{newTTY} ) {
6866 # This terminal supports switching to a new TTY.
6867 # Can be a list of two files, or on string containing both names,
6869 # XXX Should this perhaps be an assignment from @_?
6870 my ( $in, $out ) = shift;
6873 # Split list apart if supplied.
6874 ( $in, $out ) = split /,/, $in, 2;
6878 # Use the same file for both input and output.
6882 # Open file onto the debugger's filehandles, if you can.
6883 open IN, $in or die "cannot open `$in' for read: $!";
6884 open OUT, ">$out" or die "cannot open `$out' for write: $!";
6886 # Swap to the new filehandles.
6887 reset_IN_OUT( \*IN, \*OUT );
6889 # Save the setting for later.
6891 } ## end if (@_ and $term and $term...
6893 # Terminal doesn't support new TTY, or doesn't support readline.
6894 # Can't do it now, try restarting.
6895 &warn("Too late to set TTY, enabled on next `R'!\n") if $term and @_;
6897 # Useful if done through PERLDB_OPTS:
6898 $console = $tty = shift if @_;
6900 # Return whatever the TTY is.
6906 Sets the C<$notty> global, controlling whether or not the debugger tries to
6907 get a terminal to read from. If called after a terminal is already in place,
6908 we save the value to use it if we're restarted.
6914 &warn("Too late to set noTTY, enabled on next `R'!\n") if @_;
6916 $notty = shift if @_;
6922 Sets the C<$rl> option variable. If 0, we use C<Term::ReadLine::Stub>
6923 (essentially, no C<readline> processing on this I<terminal>). Otherwise, we
6924 use C<Term::ReadLine>. Can't be changed after a terminal's in place; we save
6925 the value in case a restart is done so we can change it then.
6931 &warn("Too late to set ReadLine, enabled on next `R'!\n") if @_;
6935 } ## end sub ReadLine
6937 =head2 C<RemotePort>
6939 Sets the port that the debugger will try to connect to when starting up.
6940 If the terminal's already been set up, we can't do it, but we remember the
6941 setting in case the user does a restart.
6947 &warn("Too late to set RemotePort, enabled on next 'R'!\n") if @_;
6949 $remoteport = shift if @_;
6951 } ## end sub RemotePort
6955 Checks with the terminal to see if C<Tk> is running, and returns true or
6956 false. Returns false if the current terminal doesn't support C<readline>.
6961 if ( ${ $term->Features }{tkRunning} ) {
6962 return $term->tkRunning(@_);
6966 print $OUT "tkRunning not supported by current ReadLine package.\n";
6969 } ## end sub tkRunning
6973 Sets nonstop mode. If a terminal's already been set up, it's too late; the
6974 debugger remembers the setting in case you restart, though.
6980 &warn("Too late to set up NonStop mode, enabled on next `R'!\n")
6983 $runnonstop = shift if @_;
6985 } ## end sub NonStop
6989 &warn("Some flag changes could not take effect until next 'R'!\n")
6992 $^P = parse_DollarCaretP_flags(shift) if @_;
6993 expand_DollarCaretP_flags($^P);
6998 Set up the C<$pager> variable. Adds a pipe to the front unless there's one
7006 $pager = "|" . $pager unless $pager =~ /^(\+?\>|\|)/;
7013 Sets the shell escape command, and generates a printable copy to be used
7020 # If we got an argument, meta-quote it, and add '\b' if it
7021 # ends in a word character.
7023 $sh = quotemeta shift;
7024 $sh .= "\\b" if $sh =~ /\w$/;
7027 # Generate the printable version for the help:
7028 $psh = $sh; # copy it
7029 $psh =~ s/\\b$//; # Take off trailing \b if any
7030 $psh =~ s/\\(.)/$1/g; # De-escape
7031 $psh; # return the printable version
7032 } ## end sub shellBang
7036 If the terminal has its own ornaments, fetch them. Otherwise accept whatever
7037 was passed as the argument. (This means you can't override the terminal's
7043 if ( defined $term ) {
7045 # We don't want to show warning backtraces, but we do want die() ones.
7046 local ( $warnLevel, $dieLevel ) = ( 0, 1 );
7048 # No ornaments if the terminal doesn't support them.
7049 return '' unless $term->Features->{ornaments};
7050 eval { $term->ornaments(@_) } || '';
7053 # Use what was passed in if we can't determine it ourselves.
7057 } ## end sub ornaments
7059 =head2 C<recallCommand>
7061 Sets the recall command, and builds a printable version which will appear in
7068 # If there is input, metaquote it. Add '\b' if it ends with a word
7071 $rc = quotemeta shift;
7072 $rc .= "\\b" if $rc =~ /\w$/;
7075 # Build it into a printable version.
7076 $prc = $rc; # Copy it
7077 $prc =~ s/\\b$//; # Remove trailing \b
7078 $prc =~ s/\\(.)/$1/g; # Remove escapes
7079 $prc; # Return the printable version
7080 } ## end sub recallCommand
7082 =head2 C<LineInfo> - where the line number information goes
7084 Called with no arguments, returns the file or pipe that line info should go to.
7086 Called with an argument (a file or a pipe), it opens that onto the
7087 C<LINEINFO> filehandle, unbuffers the filehandle, and then returns the
7088 file or pipe again to the caller.
7093 return $lineinfo unless @_;
7096 # If this is a valid "thing to be opened for output", tack a
7097 # '>' onto the front.
7098 my $stream = ( $lineinfo =~ /^(\+?\>|\|)/ ) ? $lineinfo : ">$lineinfo";
7100 # If this is a pipe, the stream points to a slave editor.
7101 $slave_editor = ( $stream =~ /^\|/ );
7103 # Open it up and unbuffer it.
7104 open( LINEINFO, "$stream" ) || &warn("Cannot open `$stream' for write");
7105 $LINEINFO = \*LINEINFO;
7106 my $save = select($LINEINFO);
7110 # Hand the file or pipe back again.
7112 } ## end sub LineInfo
7114 =head1 COMMAND SUPPORT ROUTINES
7116 These subroutines provide functionality for various commands.
7118 =head2 C<list_modules>
7120 For the C<M> command: list modules loaded and their versions.
7121 Essentially just runs through the keys in %INC, picks each package's
7122 C<$VERSION> variable, gets the file name, and formats the information
7127 sub list_modules { # versions
7131 # keys are the "as-loaded" name, values are the fully-qualified path
7132 # to the file itself.
7134 $file = $_; # get the module name
7135 s,\.p[lm]$,,i; # remove '.pl' or '.pm'
7136 s,/,::,g; # change '/' to '::'
7137 s/^perl5db$/DB/; # Special case: debugger
7138 # moves to package DB
7139 s/^Term::ReadLine::readline$/readline/; # simplify readline
7141 # If the package has a $VERSION package global (as all good packages
7142 # should!) decode it and save as partial message.
7143 if ( defined ${ $_ . '::VERSION' } ) {
7144 $version{$file} = "${ $_ . '::VERSION' } from ";
7147 # Finish up the message with the file the package came from.
7148 $version{$file} .= $INC{$file};
7149 } ## end for (keys %INC)
7151 # Hey, dumpit() formats a hash nicely, so why not use it?
7152 dumpit( $OUT, \%version );
7153 } ## end sub list_modules
7157 Sets up the monster string used to format and print the help.
7159 =head3 HELP MESSAGE FORMAT
7161 The help message is a peculiar format unto itself; it mixes C<pod> I<ornaments>
7162 (C<< B<> >> C<< I<> >>) with tabs to come up with a format that's fairly
7163 easy to parse and portable, but which still allows the help to be a little
7164 nicer than just plain text.
7166 Essentially, you define the command name (usually marked up with C<< B<> >>
7167 and C<< I<> >>), followed by a tab, and then the descriptive text, ending in a
7168 newline. The descriptive text can also be marked up in the same way. If you
7169 need to continue the descriptive text to another line, start that line with
7170 just tabs and then enter the marked-up text.
7172 If you are modifying the help text, I<be careful>. The help-string parser is
7173 not very sophisticated, and if you don't follow these rules it will mangle the
7174 help beyond hope until you fix the string.
7180 # XXX: make sure there are tabs between the command and explanation,
7181 # or print_help will screw up your formatting if you have
7182 # eeevil ornaments enabled. This is an insane mess.
7185 Help is currently only available for the new 5.8 command set.
7186 No help is available for the old command set.
7187 We assume you know what you're doing if you switch to it.
7190 B<s> [I<expr>] Single step [in I<expr>].
7191 B<n> [I<expr>] Next, steps over subroutine calls [in I<expr>].
7192 <B<CR>> Repeat last B<n> or B<s> command.
7193 B<r> Return from current subroutine.
7194 B<c> [I<line>|I<sub>] Continue; optionally inserts a one-time-only breakpoint
7195 at the specified position.
7196 B<l> I<min>B<+>I<incr> List I<incr>+1 lines starting at I<min>.
7197 B<l> I<min>B<->I<max> List lines I<min> through I<max>.
7198 B<l> I<line> List single I<line>.
7199 B<l> I<subname> List first window of lines from subroutine.
7200 B<l> I<\$var> List first window of lines from subroutine referenced by I<\$var>.
7201 B<l> List next window of lines.
7202 B<-> List previous window of lines.
7203 B<v> [I<line>] View window around I<line>.
7204 B<.> Return to the executed line.
7205 B<f> I<filename> Switch to viewing I<filename>. File must be already loaded.
7206 I<filename> may be either the full name of the file, or a regular
7207 expression matching the full file name:
7208 B<f> I</home/me/foo.pl> and B<f> I<oo\\.> may access the same file.
7209 Evals (with saved bodies) are considered to be filenames:
7210 B<f> I<(eval 7)> and B<f> I<eval 7\\b> access the body of the 7th eval
7211 (in the order of execution).
7212 B</>I<pattern>B</> Search forwards for I<pattern>; final B</> is optional.
7213 B<?>I<pattern>B<?> Search backwards for I<pattern>; final B<?> is optional.
7214 B<L> [I<a|b|w>] List actions and or breakpoints and or watch-expressions.
7215 B<S> [[B<!>]I<pattern>] List subroutine names [not] matching I<pattern>.
7216 B<t> Toggle trace mode.
7217 B<t> I<expr> Trace through execution of I<expr>.
7218 B<b> Sets breakpoint on current line)
7219 B<b> [I<line>] [I<condition>]
7220 Set breakpoint; I<line> defaults to the current execution line;
7221 I<condition> breaks if it evaluates to true, defaults to '1'.
7222 B<b> I<subname> [I<condition>]
7223 Set breakpoint at first line of subroutine.
7224 B<b> I<\$var> Set breakpoint at first line of subroutine referenced by I<\$var>.
7225 B<b> B<load> I<filename> Set breakpoint on 'require'ing the given file.
7226 B<b> B<postpone> I<subname> [I<condition>]
7227 Set breakpoint at first line of subroutine after
7229 B<b> B<compile> I<subname>
7230 Stop after the subroutine is compiled.
7231 B<B> [I<line>] Delete the breakpoint for I<line>.
7232 B<B> I<*> Delete all breakpoints.
7233 B<a> [I<line>] I<command>
7234 Set an action to be done before the I<line> is executed;
7235 I<line> defaults to the current execution line.
7236 Sequence is: check for breakpoint/watchpoint, print line
7237 if necessary, do action, prompt user if necessary,
7240 B<A> [I<line>] Delete the action for I<line>.
7241 B<A> I<*> Delete all actions.
7242 B<w> I<expr> Add a global watch-expression.
7244 B<W> I<expr> Delete a global watch-expression.
7245 B<W> I<*> Delete all watch-expressions.
7246 B<V> [I<pkg> [I<vars>]] List some (default all) variables in package (default current).
7247 Use B<~>I<pattern> and B<!>I<pattern> for positive and negative regexps.
7248 B<X> [I<vars>] Same as \"B<V> I<currentpackage> [I<vars>]\".
7249 B<x> I<expr> Evals expression in list context, dumps the result.
7250 B<m> I<expr> Evals expression in list context, prints methods callable
7251 on the first element of the result.
7252 B<m> I<class> Prints methods callable via the given class.
7253 B<M> Show versions of loaded modules.
7254 B<i> I<class> Prints nested parents of given class.
7255 B<e> Display current thread id.
7256 B<E> Display all thread ids the current one will be identified: <n>.
7257 B<y> [I<n> [I<Vars>]] List lexicals in higher scope <n>. Vars same as B<V>.
7259 B<<> ? List Perl commands to run before each prompt.
7260 B<<> I<expr> Define Perl command to run before each prompt.
7261 B<<<> I<expr> Add to the list of Perl commands to run before each prompt.
7262 B<< *> Delete the list of perl commands to run before each prompt.
7263 B<>> ? List Perl commands to run after each prompt.
7264 B<>> I<expr> Define Perl command to run after each prompt.
7265 B<>>B<>> I<expr> Add to the list of Perl commands to run after each prompt.
7266 B<>>B< *> Delete the list of Perl commands to run after each prompt.
7267 B<{> I<db_command> Define debugger command to run before each prompt.
7268 B<{> ? List debugger commands to run before each prompt.
7269 B<{{> I<db_command> Add to the list of debugger commands to run before each prompt.
7270 B<{ *> Delete the list of debugger commands to run before each prompt.
7271 B<$prc> I<number> Redo a previous command (default previous command).
7272 B<$prc> I<-number> Redo number'th-to-last command.
7273 B<$prc> I<pattern> Redo last command that started with I<pattern>.
7274 See 'B<O> I<recallCommand>' too.
7275 B<$psh$psh> I<cmd> Run cmd in a subprocess (reads from DB::IN, writes to DB::OUT)"
7280 B<$psh> [I<cmd>] Run I<cmd> in subshell (forces \"\$SHELL -c 'cmd'\")."
7282 See 'B<O> I<shellBang>' too.
7283 B<source> I<file> Execute I<file> containing debugger commands (may nest).
7284 B<save> I<file> Save current debugger session (actual history) to I<file>.
7285 B<rerun> Rerun session to current position.
7286 B<rerun> I<n> Rerun session to numbered command.
7287 B<rerun> I<-n> Rerun session to number'th-to-last command.
7288 B<H> I<-number> Display last number commands (default all).
7289 B<H> I<*> Delete complete history.
7290 B<p> I<expr> Same as \"I<print {DB::OUT} expr>\" in current package.
7291 B<|>I<dbcmd> Run debugger command, piping DB::OUT to current pager.
7292 B<||>I<dbcmd> Same as B<|>I<dbcmd> but DB::OUT is temporarily select()ed as well.
7293 B<\=> [I<alias> I<value>] Define a command alias, or list current aliases.
7294 I<command> Execute as a perl statement in current package.
7295 B<R> Pure-man-restart of debugger, some of debugger state
7296 and command-line options may be lost.
7297 Currently the following settings are preserved:
7298 history, breakpoints and actions, debugger B<O>ptions
7299 and the following command-line options: I<-w>, I<-I>, I<-e>.
7301 B<o> [I<opt>] ... Set boolean option to true
7302 B<o> [I<opt>B<?>] Query options
7303 B<o> [I<opt>B<=>I<val>] [I<opt>=B<\">I<val>B<\">] ...
7304 Set options. Use quotes if spaces in value.
7305 I<recallCommand>, I<ShellBang> chars used to recall command or spawn shell;
7306 I<pager> program for output of \"|cmd\";
7307 I<tkRunning> run Tk while prompting (with ReadLine);
7308 I<signalLevel> I<warnLevel> I<dieLevel> level of verbosity;
7309 I<inhibit_exit> Allows stepping off the end of the script.
7310 I<ImmediateStop> Debugger should stop as early as possible.
7311 I<RemotePort> Remote hostname:port for remote debugging
7312 The following options affect what happens with B<V>, B<X>, and B<x> commands:
7313 I<arrayDepth>, I<hashDepth> print only first N elements ('' for all);
7314 I<compactDump>, I<veryCompact> change style of array and hash dump;
7315 I<globPrint> whether to print contents of globs;
7316 I<DumpDBFiles> dump arrays holding debugged files;
7317 I<DumpPackages> dump symbol tables of packages;
7318 I<DumpReused> dump contents of \"reused\" addresses;
7319 I<quote>, I<HighBit>, I<undefPrint> change style of string dump;
7320 I<bareStringify> Do not print the overload-stringified value;
7321 Other options include:
7322 I<PrintRet> affects printing of return value after B<r> command,
7323 I<frame> affects printing messages on subroutine entry/exit.
7324 I<AutoTrace> affects printing messages on possible breaking points.
7325 I<maxTraceLen> gives max length of evals/args listed in stack trace.
7326 I<ornaments> affects screen appearance of the command line.
7327 I<CreateTTY> bits control attempts to create a new TTY on events:
7328 1: on fork() 2: debugger is started inside debugger
7330 During startup options are initialized from \$ENV{PERLDB_OPTS}.
7331 You can put additional initialization options I<TTY>, I<noTTY>,
7332 I<ReadLine>, I<NonStop>, and I<RemotePort> there (or use
7333 `B<R>' after you set them).
7335 B<q> or B<^D> Quit. Set B<\$DB::finished = 0> to debug global destruction.
7336 B<h> Summary of debugger commands.
7337 B<h> [I<db_command>] Get help [on a specific debugger command], enter B<|h> to page.
7338 B<h h> Long help for debugger commands
7339 B<$doccmd> I<manpage> Runs the external doc viewer B<$doccmd> command on the
7340 named Perl I<manpage>, or on B<$doccmd> itself if omitted.
7341 Set B<\$DB::doccmd> to change viewer.
7343 Type `|h h' for a paged display if this was too hard to read.
7345 "; # Fix balance of vi % matching: }}}}
7347 # note: tabs in the following section are not-so-helpful
7348 $summary = <<"END_SUM";
7349 I<List/search source lines:> I<Control script execution:>
7350 B<l> [I<ln>|I<sub>] List source code B<T> Stack trace
7351 B<-> or B<.> List previous/current line B<s> [I<expr>] Single step [in expr]
7352 B<v> [I<line>] View around line B<n> [I<expr>] Next, steps over subs
7353 B<f> I<filename> View source in file <B<CR>/B<Enter>> Repeat last B<n> or B<s>
7354 B</>I<pattern>B</> B<?>I<patt>B<?> Search forw/backw B<r> Return from subroutine
7355 B<M> Show module versions B<c> [I<ln>|I<sub>] Continue until position
7356 I<Debugger controls:> B<L> List break/watch/actions
7357 B<o> [...] Set debugger options B<t> [I<expr>] Toggle trace [trace expr]
7358 B<<>[B<<>]|B<{>[B<{>]|B<>>[B<>>] [I<cmd>] Do pre/post-prompt B<b> [I<ln>|I<event>|I<sub>] [I<cnd>] Set breakpoint
7359 B<$prc> [I<N>|I<pat>] Redo a previous command B<B> I<ln|*> Delete a/all breakpoints
7360 B<H> [I<-num>] Display last num commands B<a> [I<ln>] I<cmd> Do cmd before line
7361 B<=> [I<a> I<val>] Define/list an alias B<A> I<ln|*> Delete a/all actions
7362 B<h> [I<db_cmd>] Get help on command B<w> I<expr> Add a watch expression
7363 B<h h> Complete help page B<W> I<expr|*> Delete a/all watch exprs
7364 B<|>[B<|>]I<db_cmd> Send output to pager B<$psh>\[B<$psh>\] I<syscmd> Run cmd in a subprocess
7365 B<q> or B<^D> Quit B<R> Attempt a restart
7366 I<Data Examination:> B<expr> Execute perl code, also see: B<s>,B<n>,B<t> I<expr>
7367 B<x>|B<m> I<expr> Evals expr in list context, dumps the result or lists methods.
7368 B<p> I<expr> Print expression (uses script's current package).
7369 B<S> [[B<!>]I<pat>] List subroutine names [not] matching pattern
7370 B<V> [I<Pk> [I<Vars>]] List Variables in Package. Vars can be ~pattern or !pattern.
7371 B<X> [I<Vars>] Same as \"B<V> I<current_package> [I<Vars>]\". B<i> I<class> inheritance tree.
7372 B<y> [I<n> [I<Vars>]] List lexicals in higher scope <n>. Vars same as B<V>.
7373 B<e> Display thread id B<E> Display all thread ids.
7374 For more help, type B<h> I<cmd_letter>, or run B<$doccmd perldebug> for all docs.
7377 # ')}}; # Fix balance of vi % matching
7379 # and this is really numb...
7382 B<s> [I<expr>] Single step [in I<expr>].
7383 B<n> [I<expr>] Next, steps over subroutine calls [in I<expr>].
7384 B<CR>> Repeat last B<n> or B<s> command.
7385 B<r> Return from current subroutine.
7386 B<c> [I<line>|I<sub>] Continue; optionally inserts a one-time-only breakpoint
7387 at the specified position.
7388 B<l> I<min>B<+>I<incr> List I<incr>+1 lines starting at I<min>.
7389 B<l> I<min>B<->I<max> List lines I<min> through I<max>.
7390 B<l> I<line> List single I<line>.
7391 B<l> I<subname> List first window of lines from subroutine.
7392 B<l> I<\$var> List first window of lines from subroutine referenced by I<\$var>.
7393 B<l> List next window of lines.
7394 B<-> List previous window of lines.
7395 B<w> [I<line>] List window around I<line>.
7396 B<.> Return to the executed line.
7397 B<f> I<filename> Switch to viewing I<filename>. File must be already loaded.
7398 I<filename> may be either the full name of the file, or a regular
7399 expression matching the full file name:
7400 B<f> I</home/me/foo.pl> and B<f> I<oo\\.> may access the same file.
7401 Evals (with saved bodies) are considered to be filenames:
7402 B<f> I<(eval 7)> and B<f> I<eval 7\\b> access the body of the 7th eval
7403 (in the order of execution).
7404 B</>I<pattern>B</> Search forwards for I<pattern>; final B</> is optional.
7405 B<?>I<pattern>B<?> Search backwards for I<pattern>; final B<?> is optional.
7406 B<L> List all breakpoints and actions.
7407 B<S> [[B<!>]I<pattern>] List subroutine names [not] matching I<pattern>.
7408 B<t> Toggle trace mode.
7409 B<t> I<expr> Trace through execution of I<expr>.
7410 B<b> [I<line>] [I<condition>]
7411 Set breakpoint; I<line> defaults to the current execution line;
7412 I<condition> breaks if it evaluates to true, defaults to '1'.
7413 B<b> I<subname> [I<condition>]
7414 Set breakpoint at first line of subroutine.
7415 B<b> I<\$var> Set breakpoint at first line of subroutine referenced by I<\$var>.
7416 B<b> B<load> I<filename> Set breakpoint on `require'ing the given file.
7417 B<b> B<postpone> I<subname> [I<condition>]
7418 Set breakpoint at first line of subroutine after
7420 B<b> B<compile> I<subname>
7421 Stop after the subroutine is compiled.
7422 B<d> [I<line>] Delete the breakpoint for I<line>.
7423 B<D> Delete all breakpoints.
7424 B<a> [I<line>] I<command>
7425 Set an action to be done before the I<line> is executed;
7426 I<line> defaults to the current execution line.
7427 Sequence is: check for breakpoint/watchpoint, print line
7428 if necessary, do action, prompt user if necessary,
7430 B<a> [I<line>] Delete the action for I<line>.
7431 B<A> Delete all actions.
7432 B<W> I<expr> Add a global watch-expression.
7433 B<W> Delete all watch-expressions.
7434 B<V> [I<pkg> [I<vars>]] List some (default all) variables in package (default current).
7435 Use B<~>I<pattern> and B<!>I<pattern> for positive and negative regexps.
7436 B<X> [I<vars>] Same as \"B<V> I<currentpackage> [I<vars>]\".
7437 B<x> I<expr> Evals expression in list context, dumps the result.
7438 B<m> I<expr> Evals expression in list context, prints methods callable
7439 on the first element of the result.
7440 B<m> I<class> Prints methods callable via the given class.
7442 B<<> ? List Perl commands to run before each prompt.
7443 B<<> I<expr> Define Perl command to run before each prompt.
7444 B<<<> I<expr> Add to the list of Perl commands to run before each prompt.
7445 B<>> ? List Perl commands to run after each prompt.
7446 B<>> I<expr> Define Perl command to run after each prompt.
7447 B<>>B<>> I<expr> Add to the list of Perl commands to run after each prompt.
7448 B<{> I<db_command> Define debugger command to run before each prompt.
7449 B<{> ? List debugger commands to run before each prompt.
7450 B<{{> I<db_command> Add to the list of debugger commands to run before each prompt.
7451 B<$prc> I<number> Redo a previous command (default previous command).
7452 B<$prc> I<-number> Redo number'th-to-last command.
7453 B<$prc> I<pattern> Redo last command that started with I<pattern>.
7454 See 'B<O> I<recallCommand>' too.
7455 B<$psh$psh> I<cmd> Run cmd in a subprocess (reads from DB::IN, writes to DB::OUT)"
7460 B<$psh> [I<cmd>] Run I<cmd> in subshell (forces \"\$SHELL -c 'cmd'\")."
7462 See 'B<O> I<shellBang>' too.
7463 B<source> I<file> Execute I<file> containing debugger commands (may nest).
7464 B<H> I<-number> Display last number commands (default all).
7465 B<p> I<expr> Same as \"I<print {DB::OUT} expr>\" in current package.
7466 B<|>I<dbcmd> Run debugger command, piping DB::OUT to current pager.
7467 B<||>I<dbcmd> Same as B<|>I<dbcmd> but DB::OUT is temporarilly select()ed as well.
7468 B<\=> [I<alias> I<value>] Define a command alias, or list current aliases.
7469 I<command> Execute as a perl statement in current package.
7470 B<v> Show versions of loaded modules.
7471 B<R> Pure-man-restart of debugger, some of debugger state
7472 and command-line options may be lost.
7473 Currently the following settings are preserved:
7474 history, breakpoints and actions, debugger B<O>ptions
7475 and the following command-line options: I<-w>, I<-I>, I<-e>.
7477 B<O> [I<opt>] ... Set boolean option to true
7478 B<O> [I<opt>B<?>] Query options
7479 B<O> [I<opt>B<=>I<val>] [I<opt>=B<\">I<val>B<\">] ...
7480 Set options. Use quotes if spaces in value.
7481 I<recallCommand>, I<ShellBang> chars used to recall command or spawn shell;
7482 I<pager> program for output of \"|cmd\";
7483 I<tkRunning> run Tk while prompting (with ReadLine);
7484 I<signalLevel> I<warnLevel> I<dieLevel> level of verbosity;
7485 I<inhibit_exit> Allows stepping off the end of the script.
7486 I<ImmediateStop> Debugger should stop as early as possible.
7487 I<RemotePort> Remote hostname:port for remote debugging
7488 The following options affect what happens with B<V>, B<X>, and B<x> commands:
7489 I<arrayDepth>, I<hashDepth> print only first N elements ('' for all);
7490 I<compactDump>, I<veryCompact> change style of array and hash dump;
7491 I<globPrint> whether to print contents of globs;
7492 I<DumpDBFiles> dump arrays holding debugged files;
7493 I<DumpPackages> dump symbol tables of packages;
7494 I<DumpReused> dump contents of \"reused\" addresses;
7495 I<quote>, I<HighBit>, I<undefPrint> change style of string dump;
7496 I<bareStringify> Do not print the overload-stringified value;
7497 Other options include:
7498 I<PrintRet> affects printing of return value after B<r> command,
7499 I<frame> affects printing messages on subroutine entry/exit.
7500 I<AutoTrace> affects printing messages on possible breaking points.
7501 I<maxTraceLen> gives max length of evals/args listed in stack trace.
7502 I<ornaments> affects screen appearance of the command line.
7503 I<CreateTTY> bits control attempts to create a new TTY on events:
7504 1: on fork() 2: debugger is started inside debugger
7506 During startup options are initialized from \$ENV{PERLDB_OPTS}.
7507 You can put additional initialization options I<TTY>, I<noTTY>,
7508 I<ReadLine>, I<NonStop>, and I<RemotePort> there (or use
7509 `B<R>' after you set them).
7511 B<q> or B<^D> Quit. Set B<\$DB::finished = 0> to debug global destruction.
7512 B<h> [I<db_command>] Get help [on a specific debugger command], enter B<|h> to page.
7513 B<h h> Summary of debugger commands.
7514 B<$doccmd> I<manpage> Runs the external doc viewer B<$doccmd> command on the
7515 named Perl I<manpage>, or on B<$doccmd> itself if omitted.
7516 Set B<\$DB::doccmd> to change viewer.
7518 Type `|h' for a paged display if this was too hard to read.
7520 "; # Fix balance of vi % matching: }}}}
7522 # note: tabs in the following section are not-so-helpful
7523 $pre580_summary = <<"END_SUM";
7524 I<List/search source lines:> I<Control script execution:>
7525 B<l> [I<ln>|I<sub>] List source code B<T> Stack trace
7526 B<-> or B<.> List previous/current line B<s> [I<expr>] Single step [in expr]
7527 B<w> [I<line>] List around line B<n> [I<expr>] Next, steps over subs
7528 B<f> I<filename> View source in file <B<CR>/B<Enter>> Repeat last B<n> or B<s>
7529 B</>I<pattern>B</> B<?>I<patt>B<?> Search forw/backw B<r> Return from subroutine
7530 B<v> Show versions of modules B<c> [I<ln>|I<sub>] Continue until position
7531 I<Debugger controls:> B<L> List break/watch/actions
7532 B<O> [...] Set debugger options B<t> [I<expr>] Toggle trace [trace expr]
7533 B<<>[B<<>]|B<{>[B<{>]|B<>>[B<>>] [I<cmd>] Do pre/post-prompt B<b> [I<ln>|I<event>|I<sub>] [I<cnd>] Set breakpoint
7534 B<$prc> [I<N>|I<pat>] Redo a previous command B<d> [I<ln>] or B<D> Delete a/all breakpoints
7535 B<H> [I<-num>] Display last num commands B<a> [I<ln>] I<cmd> Do cmd before line
7536 B<=> [I<a> I<val>] Define/list an alias B<W> I<expr> Add a watch expression
7537 B<h> [I<db_cmd>] Get help on command B<A> or B<W> Delete all actions/watch
7538 B<|>[B<|>]I<db_cmd> Send output to pager B<$psh>\[B<$psh>\] I<syscmd> Run cmd in a subprocess
7539 B<q> or B<^D> Quit B<R> Attempt a restart
7540 I<Data Examination:> B<expr> Execute perl code, also see: B<s>,B<n>,B<t> I<expr>
7541 B<x>|B<m> I<expr> Evals expr in list context, dumps the result or lists methods.
7542 B<p> I<expr> Print expression (uses script's current package).
7543 B<S> [[B<!>]I<pat>] List subroutine names [not] matching pattern
7544 B<V> [I<Pk> [I<Vars>]] List Variables in Package. Vars can be ~pattern or !pattern.
7545 B<X> [I<Vars>] Same as \"B<V> I<current_package> [I<Vars>]\".
7546 B<y> [I<n> [I<Vars>]] List lexicals in higher scope <n>. Vars same as B<V>.
7547 For more help, type B<h> I<cmd_letter>, or run B<$doccmd perldebug> for all docs.
7550 # ')}}; # Fix balance of vi % matching
7552 } ## end sub sethelp
7554 =head2 C<print_help()>
7556 Most of what C<print_help> does is just text formatting. It finds the
7557 C<B> and C<I> ornaments, cleans them off, and substitutes the proper
7558 terminal control characters to simulate them (courtesy of
7559 C<Term::ReadLine::TermCap>).
7566 # Restore proper alignment destroyed by eeevil I<> and B<>
7567 # ornaments: A pox on both their houses!
7569 # A help command will have everything up to and including
7570 # the first tab sequence padded into a field 16 (or if indented 20)
7571 # wide. If it's wider than that, an extra space will be added.
7573 ^ # only matters at start of line
7574 ( \040{4} | \t )* # some subcommands are indented
7575 ( < ? # so <CR> works
7576 [BI] < [^\t\n] + ) # find an eeevil ornament
7577 ( \t+ ) # original separation, discarded
7578 ( .* ) # this will now start (no earlier) than
7581 my($leadwhite, $command, $midwhite, $text) = ($1, $2, $3, $4);
7582 my $clean = $command;
7583 $clean =~ s/[BI]<([^>]*)>/$1/g;
7585 # replace with this whole string:
7586 ($leadwhite ? " " x 4 : "")
7588 . ((" " x (16 + ($leadwhite ? 4 : 0) - length($clean))) || " ")
7593 s{ # handle bold ornaments
7594 B < ( [^>] + | > ) >
7596 $Term::ReadLine::TermCap::rl_term_set[2]
7598 . $Term::ReadLine::TermCap::rl_term_set[3]
7601 s{ # handle italic ornaments
7602 I < ( [^>] + | > ) >
7604 $Term::ReadLine::TermCap::rl_term_set[0]
7606 . $Term::ReadLine::TermCap::rl_term_set[1]
7611 } ## end sub print_help
7615 This routine does a lot of gyrations to be sure that the pager is C<less>.
7616 It checks for C<less> masquerading as C<more> and records the result in
7617 C<$fixed_less> so we don't have to go through doing the stats again.
7623 # We already know if this is set.
7624 return if $fixed_less;
7626 # Pager is less for sure.
7627 my $is_less = $pager =~ /\bless\b/;
7628 if ( $pager =~ /\bmore\b/ ) {
7630 # Nope, set to more. See what's out there.
7631 my @st_more = stat('/usr/bin/more');
7632 my @st_less = stat('/usr/bin/less');
7634 # is it really less, pretending to be more?
7637 && $st_more[0] == $st_less[0]
7638 && $st_more[1] == $st_less[1];
7639 } ## end if ($pager =~ /\bmore\b/)
7641 # changes environment!
7642 # 'r' added so we don't do (slow) stats again.
7643 $fixed_less = 1 if $is_less;
7644 } ## end sub fix_less
7646 =head1 DIE AND WARN MANAGEMENT
7650 C<diesignal> is a just-drop-dead C<die> handler. It's most useful when trying
7651 to debug a debugger problem.
7653 It does its best to report the error that occurred, and then forces the
7654 program, debugger, and everything to die.
7660 # No entry/exit messages.
7663 # No return value prints.
7666 # set the abort signal handling to the default (just terminate).
7667 $SIG{'ABRT'} = 'DEFAULT';
7669 # If we enter the signal handler recursively, kill myself with an
7670 # abort signal (so we just terminate).
7671 kill 'ABRT', $$ if $panic++;
7673 # If we can show detailed info, do so.
7674 if ( defined &Carp::longmess ) {
7676 # Don't recursively enter the warn handler, since we're carping.
7677 local $SIG{__WARN__} = '';
7679 # Skip two levels before reporting traceback: we're skipping
7680 # mydie and confess.
7681 local $Carp::CarpLevel = 2; # mydie + confess
7683 # Tell us all about it.
7684 &warn( Carp::longmess("Signal @_") );
7687 # No Carp. Tell us about the signal as best we can.
7690 print $DB::OUT "Got signal @_\n";
7695 } ## end sub diesignal
7699 The debugger's own default C<$SIG{__WARN__}> handler. We load C<Carp> to
7700 be able to get a stack trace, and output the warning message vi C<DB::dbwarn()>.
7706 # No entry/exit trace.
7709 # No return value printing.
7712 # Turn off warn and die handling to prevent recursive entries to this
7714 local $SIG{__WARN__} = '';
7715 local $SIG{__DIE__} = '';
7717 # Load Carp if we can. If $^S is false (current thing being compiled isn't
7718 # done yet), we may not be able to do a require.
7719 eval { require Carp }
7720 if defined $^S; # If error/warning during compilation,
7721 # require may be broken.
7723 # Use the core warn() unless Carp loaded OK.
7725 "\nCannot print stack trace, load with -MCarp option to see stack" ),
7727 unless defined &Carp::longmess;
7729 # Save the current values of $single and $trace, and then turn them off.
7730 my ( $mysingle, $mytrace ) = ( $single, $trace );
7734 # We can call Carp::longmess without its being "debugged" (which we
7735 # don't want - we just want to use it!). Capture this for later.
7736 my $mess = Carp::longmess(@_);
7738 # Restore $single and $trace to their original values.
7739 ( $single, $trace ) = ( $mysingle, $mytrace );
7741 # Use the debugger's own special way of printing warnings to print
7742 # the stack trace message.
7748 The debugger's own C<$SIG{__DIE__}> handler. Handles providing a stack trace
7749 by loading C<Carp> and calling C<Carp::longmess()> to get it. We turn off
7750 single stepping and tracing during the call to C<Carp::longmess> to avoid
7751 debugging it - we just want to use it.
7753 If C<dieLevel> is zero, we let the program being debugged handle the
7754 exceptions. If it's 1, you get backtraces for any exception. If it's 2,
7755 the debugger takes over all exception handling, printing a backtrace and
7756 displaying the exception via its C<dbwarn()> routine.
7763 local $SIG{__DIE__} = '';
7764 local $SIG{__WARN__} = '';
7768 if ( $dieLevel > 2 ) {
7769 local $SIG{__WARN__} = \&dbwarn;
7770 &warn(@_); # Yell no matter what
7773 if ( $dieLevel < 2 ) {
7774 die @_ if $^S; # in eval propagate
7777 # The code used to check $^S to see if compilation of the current thing
7778 # hadn't finished. We don't do it anymore, figuring eval is pretty stable.
7779 eval { require Carp };
7782 "\nCannot print stack trace, load with -MCarp option to see stack" )
7783 unless defined &Carp::longmess;
7785 # We do not want to debug this chunk (automatic disabling works
7786 # inside DB::DB, but not in Carp). Save $single and $trace, turn them off,
7787 # get the stack trace from Carp::longmess (if possible), restore $signal
7788 # and $trace, and then die with the stack trace.
7789 my ( $mysingle, $mytrace ) = ( $single, $trace );
7795 package Carp; # Do not include us in the list
7796 eval { $mess = Carp::longmess(@_); };
7798 ( $single, $trace ) = ( $mysingle, $mytrace );
7802 =head2 C<warnlevel()>
7804 Set the C<$DB::warnLevel> variable that stores the value of the
7805 C<warnLevel> option. Calling C<warnLevel()> with a positive value
7806 results in the debugger taking over all warning handlers. Setting
7807 C<warnLevel> to zero leaves any warning handlers set up by the program
7808 being debugged in place.
7814 $prevwarn = $SIG{__WARN__} unless $warnLevel;
7817 $SIG{__WARN__} = \&DB::dbwarn;
7820 $SIG{__WARN__} = $prevwarn;
7822 undef $SIG{__WARN__};
7826 } ## end sub warnLevel
7830 Similar to C<warnLevel>. Non-zero values for C<dieLevel> result in the
7831 C<DB::dbdie()> function overriding any other C<die()> handler. Setting it to
7832 zero lets you use your own C<die()> handler.
7839 $prevdie = $SIG{__DIE__} unless $dieLevel;
7843 # Always set it to dbdie() for non-zero values.
7844 $SIG{__DIE__} = \&DB::dbdie; # if $dieLevel < 2;
7846 # No longer exists, so don't try to use it.
7847 #$SIG{__DIE__} = \&DB::diehard if $dieLevel >= 2;
7849 # If we've finished initialization, mention that stack dumps
7850 # are enabled, If dieLevel is 1, we won't stack dump if we die
7852 print $OUT "Stack dump during die enabled",
7853 ( $dieLevel == 1 ? " outside of evals" : "" ), ".\n"
7856 # XXX This is probably obsolete, given that diehard() is gone.
7857 print $OUT "Dump printed too.\n" if $dieLevel > 2;
7858 } ## end if ($dieLevel)
7860 # Put the old one back if there was one.
7862 $SIG{__DIE__} = $prevdie;
7863 print $OUT "Default die handler restored.\n";
7865 undef $SIG{__DIE__};
7866 print $OUT "Die handler removed.\n";
7870 } ## end sub dieLevel
7872 =head2 C<signalLevel>
7874 Number three in a series: set C<signalLevel> to zero to keep your own
7875 signal handler for C<SIGSEGV> and/or C<SIGBUS>. Otherwise, the debugger
7876 takes over and handles them with C<DB::diesignal()>.
7882 $prevsegv = $SIG{SEGV} unless $signalLevel;
7883 $prevbus = $SIG{BUS} unless $signalLevel;
7884 $signalLevel = shift;
7886 $SIG{SEGV} = \&DB::diesignal;
7887 $SIG{BUS} = \&DB::diesignal;
7890 $SIG{SEGV} = $prevsegv;
7891 $SIG{BUS} = $prevbus;
7895 } ## end sub signalLevel
7897 =head1 SUBROUTINE DECODING SUPPORT
7899 These subroutines are used during the C<x> and C<X> commands to try to
7900 produce as much information as possible about a code reference. They use
7901 L<Devel::Peek> to try to find the glob in which this code reference lives
7902 (if it does) - this allows us to actually code references which correspond
7903 to named subroutines (including those aliased via glob assignment).
7905 =head2 C<CvGV_name()>
7907 Wrapper for C<CvGV_name_or_bust>; tries to get the name of a reference
7908 via that routine. If this fails, return the reference again (when the
7909 reference is stringified, it'll come out as C<SOMETHING(0x...)>).
7915 my $name = CvGV_name_or_bust($in);
7916 defined $name ? $name : $in;
7919 =head2 C<CvGV_name_or_bust> I<coderef>
7921 Calls L<Devel::Peek> to try to find the glob the ref lives in; returns
7922 C<undef> if L<Devel::Peek> can't be loaded, or if C<Devel::Peek::CvGV> can't
7923 find a glob for this ref.
7925 Returns C<< I<package>::I<glob name> >> if the code ref is found in a glob.
7929 sub CvGV_name_or_bust {
7931 return if $skipCvGV; # Backdoor to avoid problems if XS broken...
7932 return unless ref $in;
7933 $in = \&$in; # Hard reference...
7934 eval { require Devel::Peek; 1 } or return;
7935 my $gv = Devel::Peek::CvGV($in) or return;
7936 *$gv{PACKAGE} . '::' . *$gv{NAME};
7937 } ## end sub CvGV_name_or_bust
7941 A utility routine used in various places; finds the file where a subroutine
7942 was defined, and returns that filename and a line-number range.
7944 Tries to use C<@sub> first; if it can't find it there, it tries building a
7945 reference to the subroutine and uses C<CvGV_name_or_bust> to locate it,
7946 loading it into C<@sub> as a side effect (XXX I think). If it can't find it
7947 this way, it brute-force searches C<%sub>, checking for identical references.
7954 return unless defined &$subr;
7955 my $name = CvGV_name_or_bust($subr);
7957 $data = $sub{$name} if defined $name;
7958 return $data if defined $data;
7961 $subr = \&$subr; # Hard reference
7964 $s = $_, last if $subr eq \&$_;
7968 } ## end sub find_sub
7972 A subroutine that uses the utility function C<methods_via> to find all the
7973 methods in the class corresponding to the current reference and in
7980 # Figure out the class - either this is the class or it's a reference
7981 # to something blessed into that class.
7983 $class = ref $class if ref $class;
7987 # Show the methods that this class has.
7988 methods_via( $class, '', 1 );
7990 # Show the methods that UNIVERSAL has.
7991 methods_via( 'UNIVERSAL', 'UNIVERSAL', 0 );
7992 } ## end sub methods
7994 =head2 C<methods_via($class, $prefix, $crawl_upward)>
7996 C<methods_via> does the work of crawling up the C<@ISA> tree and reporting
7997 all the parent class methods. C<$class> is the name of the next class to
7998 try; C<$prefix> is the message prefix, which gets built up as we go up the
7999 C<@ISA> tree to show parentage; C<$crawl_upward> is 1 if we should try to go
8000 higher in the C<@ISA> tree, 0 if we should stop.
8006 # If we've processed this class already, just quit.
8008 return if $seen{$class}++;
8010 # This is a package that is contributing the methods we're about to print.
8012 my $prepend = $prefix ? "via $prefix: " : '';
8015 # Extract from all the symbols in this class.
8016 while (my ($name, $glob) = each %{"${class}::"}) {
8017 # references directly in the symbol table are Proxy Constant
8018 # Subroutines, and are by their very nature defined
8019 # Otherwise, check if the thing is a typeglob, and if it is, it decays
8020 # to a subroutine reference, which can be tested by defined.
8021 # $glob might also be the value -1 (from sub foo;)
8022 # or (say) '$$' (from sub foo ($$);)
8023 # \$glob will be SCALAR in both cases.
8024 if ((ref $glob || ($glob && ref \$glob eq 'GLOB' && defined &$glob))
8025 && !$seen{$name}++) {
8026 push @to_print, "$prepend$name\n";
8033 print $DB::OUT $_ foreach sort @to_print;
8036 # If the $crawl_upward argument is false, just quit here.
8037 return unless shift;
8039 # $crawl_upward true: keep going up the tree.
8040 # Find all the classes this one is a subclass of.
8041 for $name ( @{"${class}::ISA"} ) {
8043 # Set up the new prefix.
8044 $prepend = $prefix ? $prefix . " -> $name" : $name;
8046 # Crawl up the tree and keep trying to crawl up.
8047 methods_via( $name, $prepend, 1 );
8049 } ## end sub methods_via
8051 =head2 C<setman> - figure out which command to use to show documentation
8053 Just checks the contents of C<$^O> and sets the C<$doccmd> global accordingly.
8058 $doccmd = $^O !~ /^(?:MSWin32|VMS|os2|dos|amigaos|riscos|NetWare)\z/s
8059 ? "man" # O Happy Day!
8060 : "perldoc"; # Alas, poor unfortunates
8063 =head2 C<runman> - run the appropriate command to show documentation
8065 Accepts a man page name; runs the appropriate command to display it (set up
8066 during debugger initialization). Uses C<DB::system> to avoid mucking up the
8067 program's STDIN and STDOUT.
8074 &system("$doccmd $doccmd");
8078 # this way user can override, like with $doccmd="man -Mwhatever"
8079 # or even just "man " to disable the path check.
8080 unless ( $doccmd eq 'man' ) {
8081 &system("$doccmd $page");
8085 $page = 'perl' if lc($page) eq 'help';
8088 my $man1dir = $Config::Config{'man1dir'};
8089 my $man3dir = $Config::Config{'man3dir'};
8090 for ( $man1dir, $man3dir ) { s#/[^/]*\z## if /\S/ }
8092 $manpath .= "$man1dir:" if $man1dir =~ /\S/;
8093 $manpath .= "$man3dir:" if $man3dir =~ /\S/ && $man1dir ne $man3dir;
8094 chop $manpath if $manpath;
8096 # harmless if missing, I figure
8097 my $oldpath = $ENV{MANPATH};
8098 $ENV{MANPATH} = $manpath if $manpath;
8099 my $nopathopt = $^O =~ /dunno what goes here/;
8104 # I just *know* there are men without -M
8105 ( ( $manpath && !$nopathopt ) ? ( "-M", $manpath ) : () ),
8110 unless ( $page =~ /^perl\w/ ) {
8111 # do it this way because its easier to slurp in to keep up to date - clunky though.
8246 if (grep { $page eq $_ } @pods) {
8248 CORE::system( $doccmd,
8249 ( ( $manpath && !$nopathopt ) ? ( "-M", $manpath ) : () ),
8251 } ## end if (grep { $page eq $_...
8252 } ## end unless ($page =~ /^perl\w/)
8253 } ## end if (CORE::system($doccmd...
8254 if ( defined $oldpath ) {
8255 $ENV{MANPATH} = $manpath;
8258 delete $ENV{MANPATH};
8262 #use Carp; # This did break, left for debugging
8264 =head1 DEBUGGER INITIALIZATION - THE SECOND BEGIN BLOCK
8266 Because of the way the debugger interface to the Perl core is designed, any
8267 debugger package globals that C<DB::sub()> requires have to be defined before
8268 any subroutines can be called. These are defined in the second C<BEGIN> block.
8270 This block sets things up so that (basically) the world is sane
8271 before the debugger starts executing. We set up various variables that the
8272 debugger has to have set up before the Perl core starts running:
8278 The debugger's own filehandles (copies of STD and STDOUT for now).
8282 Characters for shell escapes, the recall command, and the history command.
8286 The maximum recursion depth.
8290 The size of a C<w> command's window.
8294 The before-this-line context to be printed in a C<v> (view a window around this line) command.
8298 The fact that we're not in a sub at all right now.
8302 The default SIGINT handler for the debugger.
8306 The appropriate value of the flag in C<$^D> that says the debugger is running
8310 The current debugger recursion level
8314 The list of postponed items and the C<$single> stack (XXX define this)
8318 That we want no return values and no subroutine entry/exit trace.
8324 # The following BEGIN is very handy if debugger goes havoc, debugging debugger?
8326 BEGIN { # This does not compile, alas. (XXX eh?)
8327 $IN = \*STDIN; # For bugs before DB::OUT has been opened
8328 $OUT = \*STDERR; # For errors before DB::OUT has been opened
8330 # Define characters used by command parsing.
8331 $sh = '!'; # Shell escape (does not work)
8332 $rc = ','; # Recall command (does not work)
8333 @hist = ('?'); # Show history (does not work)
8334 @truehist = (); # Can be saved for replay (per session)
8336 # This defines the point at which you get the 'deep recursion'
8337 # warning. It MUST be defined or the debugger will not load.
8340 # Number of lines around the current one that are shown in the
8344 # How much before-the-current-line context the 'v' command should
8345 # use in calculating the start of the window it will display.
8348 # We're not in any sub yet, but we need this to be a defined value.
8351 # Set up the debugger's interrupt handler. It simply sets a flag
8352 # ($signal) that DB::DB() will check before each command is executed.
8353 $SIG{INT} = \&DB::catch;
8355 # The following lines supposedly, if uncommented, allow the debugger to
8356 # debug itself. Perhaps we can try that someday.
8357 # This may be enabled to debug debugger:
8358 #$warnLevel = 1 unless defined $warnLevel;
8359 #$dieLevel = 1 unless defined $dieLevel;
8360 #$signalLevel = 1 unless defined $signalLevel;
8362 # This is the flag that says "a debugger is running, please call
8363 # DB::DB and DB::sub". We will turn it on forcibly before we try to
8364 # execute anything in the user's context, because we always want to
8366 $db_stop = 0; # Compiler warning ...
8367 $db_stop = 1 << 30; # ... because this is only used in an eval() later.
8369 # This variable records how many levels we're nested in debugging. Used
8370 # Used in the debugger prompt, and in determining whether it's all over or
8372 $level = 0; # Level of recursive debugging
8374 # "Triggers bug (?) in perl if we postpone this until runtime."
8375 # XXX No details on this yet, or whether we should fix the bug instead
8376 # of work around it. Stay tuned.
8377 @postponed = @stack = (0);
8379 # Used to track the current stack depth using the auto-stacked-variable
8381 $stack_depth = 0; # Localized repeatedly; simple way to track $#stack
8383 # Don't print return values on exiting a subroutine.
8386 # No extry/exit tracing.
8391 BEGIN { $^W = $ini_warn; } # Switch warnings back
8393 =head1 READLINE SUPPORT - COMPLETION FUNCTION
8397 C<readline> support - adds command completion to basic C<readline>.
8399 Returns a list of possible completions to C<readline> when invoked. C<readline>
8400 will print the longest common substring following the text already entered.
8402 If there is only a single possible completion, C<readline> will use it in full.
8404 This code uses C<map> and C<grep> heavily to create lists of possible
8405 completion. Think LISP in this section.
8411 # Specific code for b c l V m f O, &blah, $blah, @blah, %blah
8412 # $text is the text to be completed.
8413 # $line is the incoming line typed by the user.
8414 # $start is the start of the text to be completed in the incoming line.
8415 my ( $text, $line, $start ) = @_;
8417 # Save the initial text.
8418 # The search pattern is current package, ::, extract the next qualifier
8419 # Prefix and pack are set to undef.
8420 my ( $itext, $search, $prefix, $pack ) =
8421 ( $text, "^\Q${'package'}::\E([^:]+)\$" );
8423 =head3 C<b postpone|compile>
8429 Find all the subroutines that might match in this package
8433 Add C<postpone>, C<load>, and C<compile> as possibles (we may be completing the keyword itself)
8437 Include all the rest of the subs that are known
8441 C<grep> out the ones that match the text we have so far
8445 Return this as the list of possible completions
8451 return sort grep /^\Q$text/, ( keys %sub ),
8452 qw(postpone load compile), # subroutines
8453 ( map { /$search/ ? ($1) : () } keys %sub )
8454 if ( substr $line, 0, $start ) =~ /^\|*[blc]\s+((postpone|compile)\s+)?$/;
8458 Get all the possible files from C<@INC> as it currently stands and
8459 select the ones that match the text so far.
8463 return sort grep /^\Q$text/, values %INC # files
8464 if ( substr $line, 0, $start ) =~ /^\|*b\s+load\s+$/;
8466 =head3 C<V> (list variable) and C<m> (list modules)
8468 There are two entry points for these commands:
8470 =head4 Unqualified package names
8472 Get the top-level packages and grab everything that matches the text
8473 so far. For each match, recursively complete the partial packages to
8474 get all possible matching packages. Return this sorted list.
8478 return sort map { ( $_, db_complete( $_ . "::", "V ", 2 ) ) }
8479 grep /^\Q$text/, map { /^(.*)::$/ ? ($1) : () } keys %:: # top-packages
8480 if ( substr $line, 0, $start ) =~ /^\|*[Vm]\s+$/ and $text =~ /^\w*$/;
8482 =head4 Qualified package names
8484 Take a partially-qualified package and find all subpackages for it
8485 by getting all the subpackages for the package so far, matching all
8486 the subpackages against the text, and discarding all of them which
8487 start with 'main::'. Return this list.
8491 return sort map { ( $_, db_complete( $_ . "::", "V ", 2 ) ) }
8492 grep !/^main::/, grep /^\Q$text/,
8493 map { /^(.*)::$/ ? ( $prefix . "::$1" ) : () } keys %{ $prefix . '::' }
8494 if ( substr $line, 0, $start ) =~ /^\|*[Vm]\s+$/
8495 and $text =~ /^(.*[^:])::?(\w*)$/
8498 =head3 C<f> - switch files
8500 Here, we want to get a fully-qualified filename for the C<f> command.
8505 =item 1. The original source file itself
8507 =item 2. A file from C<@INC>
8509 =item 3. An C<eval> (the debugger gets a C<(eval N)> fake file for each C<eval>).
8515 if ( $line =~ /^\|*f\s+(.*)/ ) { # Loaded files
8516 # We might possibly want to switch to an eval (which has a "filename"
8517 # like '(eval 9)'), so we may need to clean up the completion text
8518 # before proceeding.
8519 $prefix = length($1) - length($text);
8524 Under the debugger, source files are represented as C<_E<lt>/fullpath/to/file>
8525 (C<eval>s are C<_E<lt>(eval NNN)>) keys in C<%main::>. We pull all of these
8526 out of C<%main::>, add the initial source file, and extract the ones that
8527 match the completion text so far.
8532 map { substr $_, 2 + $prefix } grep /^_<\Q$text/, ( keys %main:: ),
8534 } ## end if ($line =~ /^\|*f\s+(.*)/)
8536 =head3 Subroutine name completion
8538 We look through all of the defined subs (the keys of C<%sub>) and
8539 return both all the possible matches to the subroutine name plus
8540 all the matches qualified to the current package.
8544 if ( ( substr $text, 0, 1 ) eq '&' ) { # subroutines
8545 $text = substr $text, 1;
8547 return sort map "$prefix$_", grep /^\Q$text/, ( keys %sub ),
8549 map { /$search/ ? ($1) : () }
8552 } ## end if ((substr $text, 0, ...
8554 =head3 Scalar, array, and hash completion: partially qualified package
8556 Much like the above, except we have to do a little more cleanup:
8560 if ( $text =~ /^[\$@%](.*)::(.*)/ ) { # symbols in a package
8568 Determine the package that the symbol is in. Put it in C<::> (effectively C<main::>) if no package is specified.
8572 $pack = ( $1 eq 'main' ? '' : $1 ) . '::';
8578 Figure out the prefix vs. what needs completing.
8582 $prefix = ( substr $text, 0, 1 ) . $1 . '::';
8589 Look through all the symbols in the package. C<grep> out all the possible hashes/arrays/scalars, and then C<grep> the possible matches out of those. C<map> the prefix onto all the possibilities.
8593 my @out = map "$prefix$_", grep /^\Q$text/, grep /^_?[a-zA-Z]/,
8600 If there's only one hit, and it's a package qualifier, and it's not equal to the initial text, re-complete it using the symbol we actually found.
8604 if ( @out == 1 and $out[0] =~ /::$/ and $out[0] ne $itext ) {
8605 return db_complete( $out[0], $line, $start );
8608 # Return the list of possibles.
8611 } ## end if ($text =~ /^[\$@%](.*)::(.*)/)
8617 =head3 Symbol completion: current package or package C<main>.
8621 if ( $text =~ /^[\$@%]/ ) { # symbols (in $package + packages in main)
8628 If it's C<main>, delete main to just get C<::> leading.
8632 $pack = ( $package eq 'main' ? '' : $package ) . '::';
8638 We set the prefix to the item's sigil, and trim off the sigil to get the text to be completed.
8642 $prefix = substr $text, 0, 1;
8643 $text = substr $text, 1;
8651 We look for the lexical scope above DB::DB and auto-complete lexical variables
8652 if PadWalker could be loaded.
8656 if (not $text =~ /::/ and eval { require PadWalker } ) {
8659 my @info = caller($level);
8663 last if $info[3] eq 'DB::DB';
8666 my $lexicals = PadWalker::peek_my($level);
8667 push @out, grep /^\Q$prefix$text/, keys %$lexicals;
8675 If the package is C<::> (C<main>), create an empty list; if it's something else, create a list of all the packages known. Append whichever list to a list of all the possible symbols in the current package. C<grep> out the matches to the text entered so far, then C<map> the prefix back onto the symbols.
8679 push @out, map "$prefix$_", grep /^\Q$text/,
8680 ( grep /^_?[a-zA-Z]/, keys %$pack ),
8681 ( $pack eq '::' ? () : ( grep /::$/, keys %:: ) );
8685 If there's only one hit, it's a package qualifier, and it's not equal to the initial text, recomplete using this symbol.
8691 if ( @out == 1 and $out[0] =~ /::$/ and $out[0] ne $itext ) {
8692 return db_complete( $out[0], $line, $start );
8695 # Return the list of possibles.
8697 } ## end if ($text =~ /^[\$@%]/)
8701 We use C<option_val()> to look up the current value of the option. If there's
8702 only a single value, we complete the command in such a way that it is a
8703 complete command for setting the option in question. If there are multiple
8704 possible values, we generate a command consisting of the option plus a trailing
8705 question mark, which, if executed, will list the current value of the option.
8709 if ( ( substr $line, 0, $start ) =~ /^\|*[oO]\b.*\s$/ )
8710 { # Options after space
8711 # We look for the text to be matched in the list of possible options,
8712 # and fetch the current value.
8713 my @out = grep /^\Q$text/, @options;
8714 my $val = option_val( $out[0], undef );
8716 # Set up a 'query option's value' command.
8718 if ( not defined $val or $val =~ /[\n\r]/ ) {
8720 # There's really nothing else we can do.
8723 # We have a value. Create a proper option-setting command.
8724 elsif ( $val =~ /\s/ ) {
8726 # XXX This may be an extraneous variable.
8729 # We'll want to quote the string (because of the embedded
8730 # whtespace), but we want to make sure we don't end up with
8731 # mismatched quote characters. We try several possibilities.
8732 foreach $l ( split //, qq/\"\'\#\|/ ) {
8734 # If we didn't find this quote character in the value,
8735 # quote it using this quote character.
8736 $out = "$l$val$l ", last if ( index $val, $l ) == -1;
8738 } ## end elsif ($val =~ /\s/)
8740 # Don't need any quotes.
8745 # If there were multiple possible values, return '? ', which
8746 # makes the command into a query command. If there was just one,
8747 # have readline append that.
8748 $rl_attribs->{completer_terminator_character} =
8749 ( @out == 1 ? $out : '? ' );
8751 # Return list of possibilities.
8753 } ## end if ((substr $line, 0, ...
8755 =head3 Filename completion
8757 For entering filenames. We simply call C<readline>'s C<filename_list()>
8758 method with the completion text to get the possible completions.
8762 return $term->filename_list($text); # filenames
8764 } ## end sub db_complete
8766 =head1 MISCELLANEOUS SUPPORT FUNCTIONS
8768 Functions that possibly ought to be somewhere else.
8778 print $OUT "Use `q' to quit or `R' to restart. `h q' for details.\n";
8783 If we have $ini_pids, save it in the environment; else remove it from the
8784 environment. Used by the C<R> (restart) command.
8789 if ( defined($ini_pids) ) {
8790 $ENV{PERLDB_PIDS} = $ini_pids;
8793 delete( $ENV{PERLDB_PIDS} );
8795 } ## end sub clean_ENV
8797 # PERLDBf_... flag names from perl.h
8798 our ( %DollarCaretP_flags, %DollarCaretP_flags_r );
8801 %DollarCaretP_flags = (
8802 PERLDBf_SUB => 0x01, # Debug sub enter/exit
8803 PERLDBf_LINE => 0x02, # Keep line #
8804 PERLDBf_NOOPT => 0x04, # Switch off optimizations
8805 PERLDBf_INTER => 0x08, # Preserve more data
8806 PERLDBf_SUBLINE => 0x10, # Keep subr source lines
8807 PERLDBf_SINGLE => 0x20, # Start with single-step on
8808 PERLDBf_NONAME => 0x40, # For _SUB: no name of the subr
8809 PERLDBf_GOTO => 0x80, # Report goto: call DB::goto
8810 PERLDBf_NAMEEVAL => 0x100, # Informative names for evals
8811 PERLDBf_NAMEANON => 0x200, # Informative names for anon subs
8812 PERLDBf_SAVESRC => 0x400, # Save source lines into @{"_<$filename"}
8813 PERLDB_ALL => 0x33f, # No _NONAME, _GOTO
8815 # PERLDBf_LINE also enables the actions of PERLDBf_SAVESRC, so the debugger
8816 # doesn't need to set it. It's provided for the benefit of profilers and
8817 # other code analysers.
8819 %DollarCaretP_flags_r = reverse %DollarCaretP_flags;
8822 sub parse_DollarCaretP_flags {
8827 foreach my $f ( split /\s*\|\s*/, $flags ) {
8829 if ( $f =~ /^0x([[:xdigit:]]+)$/ ) {
8832 elsif ( $f =~ /^(\d+)$/ ) {
8835 elsif ( $f =~ /^DEFAULT$/i ) {
8836 $value = $DollarCaretP_flags{PERLDB_ALL};
8839 $f =~ /^(?:PERLDBf_)?(.*)$/i;
8840 $value = $DollarCaretP_flags{ 'PERLDBf_' . uc($1) };
8841 unless ( defined $value ) {
8843 "Unrecognized \$^P flag '$f'!\n",
8844 "Acceptable flags are: "
8845 . join( ', ', sort keys %DollarCaretP_flags ),
8846 ", and hexadecimal and decimal numbers.\n"
8856 sub expand_DollarCaretP_flags {
8857 my $DollarCaretP = shift;
8860 my $n = ( 1 << $_ );
8861 ( $DollarCaretP & $n )
8862 ? ( $DollarCaretP_flags_r{$n}
8863 || sprintf( '0x%x', $n ) )
8867 return @bits ? join( '|', @bits ) : 0;
8874 Rerun the current session to:
8876 rerun current position
8878 rerun 4 command number 4
8880 rerun -4 current command minus 4 (go back 4 steps)
8882 Whether this always makes sense, in the current context is unknowable, and is
8883 in part left as a useful exercise for the reader. This sub returns the
8884 appropriate arguments to rerun the current session.
8891 pop(@truehist); # strim
8892 unless (defined $truehist[$i]) {
8893 print "Unable to return to non-existent command: $i\n";
8895 $#truehist = ($i < 0 ? $#truehist + $i : $i > 0 ? $i : $#truehist);
8896 my @temp = @truehist; # store
8897 push(@DB::typeahead, @truehist); # saved
8898 @truehist = @hist = (); # flush
8899 @args = &restart(); # setup
8900 &get_list("PERLDB_HIST"); # clean
8901 &set_list("PERLDB_HIST", @temp); # reset
8908 Restarting the debugger is a complex operation that occurs in several phases.
8909 First, we try to reconstruct the command line that was used to invoke Perl
8915 # I may not be able to resurrect you, but here goes ...
8917 "Warning: some settings and command-line options may be lost!\n";
8918 my ( @script, @flags, $cl );
8920 # If warn was on before, turn it on again.
8921 push @flags, '-w' if $ini_warn;
8923 # Rebuild the -I flags that were on the initial
8926 push @flags, '-I', $_;
8929 # Turn on taint if it was on before.
8930 push @flags, '-T' if ${^TAINT};
8932 # Arrange for setting the old INC:
8933 # Save the current @init_INC in the environment.
8934 set_list( "PERLDB_INC", @ini_INC );
8936 # If this was a perl one-liner, go to the "file"
8937 # corresponding to the one-liner read all the lines
8938 # out of it (except for the first one, which is going
8939 # to be added back on again when 'perl -d' runs: that's
8940 # the 'require perl5db.pl;' line), and add them back on
8941 # to the command line to be executed.
8943 for ( 1 .. $#{'::_<-e'} ) { # The first line is PERL5DB
8944 chomp( $cl = ${'::_<-e'}[$_] );
8945 push @script, '-e', $cl;
8947 } ## end if ($0 eq '-e')
8949 # Otherwise we just reuse the original name we had
8957 After the command line has been reconstructed, the next step is to save
8958 the debugger's status in environment variables. The C<DB::set_list> routine
8959 is used to save aggregate variables (both hashes and arrays); scalars are
8960 just popped into environment variables directly.
8964 # If the terminal supported history, grab it and
8965 # save that in the environment.
8966 set_list( "PERLDB_HIST",
8967 $term->Features->{getHistory}
8971 # Find all the files that were visited during this
8972 # session (i.e., the debugger had magic hashes
8973 # corresponding to them) and stick them in the environment.
8974 my @had_breakpoints = keys %had_breakpoints;
8975 set_list( "PERLDB_VISITED", @had_breakpoints );
8977 # Save the debugger options we chose.
8978 set_list( "PERLDB_OPT", %option );
8979 # set_list( "PERLDB_OPT", options2remember() );
8981 # Save the break-on-loads.
8982 set_list( "PERLDB_ON_LOAD", %break_on_load );
8986 The most complex part of this is the saving of all of the breakpoints. They
8987 can live in an awful lot of places, and we have to go through all of them,
8988 find the breakpoints, and then save them in the appropriate environment
8989 variable via C<DB::set_list>.
8993 # Go through all the breakpoints and make sure they're
8996 for ( 0 .. $#had_breakpoints ) {
8998 # We were in this file.
8999 my $file = $had_breakpoints[$_];
9001 # Grab that file's magic line hash.
9002 *dbline = $main::{ '_<' . $file };
9004 # Skip out if it doesn't exist, or if the breakpoint
9005 # is in a postponed file (we'll do postponed ones
9007 next unless %dbline or $postponed_file{$file};
9009 # In an eval. This is a little harder, so we'll
9010 # do more processing on that below.
9011 ( push @hard, $file ), next
9012 if $file =~ /^\(\w*eval/;
9014 # XXX I have no idea what this is doing. Yet.
9016 @add = %{ $postponed_file{$file} }
9017 if $postponed_file{$file};
9019 # Save the list of all the breakpoints for this file.
9020 set_list( "PERLDB_FILE_$_", %dbline, @add );
9021 } ## end for (0 .. $#had_breakpoints)
9023 # The breakpoint was inside an eval. This is a little
9024 # more difficult. XXX and I don't understand it.
9026 # Get over to the eval in question.
9027 *dbline = $main::{ '_<' . $_ };
9028 my ( $quoted, $sub, %subs, $line ) = quotemeta $_;
9029 for $sub ( keys %sub ) {
9030 next unless $sub{$sub} =~ /^$quoted:(\d+)-(\d+)$/;
9031 $subs{$sub} = [ $1, $2 ];
9035 "No subroutines in $_, ignoring breakpoints.\n";
9038 LINES: for $line ( keys %dbline ) {
9040 # One breakpoint per sub only:
9041 my ( $offset, $sub, $found );
9042 SUBS: for $sub ( keys %subs ) {
9045 $line # Not after the subroutine
9047 not defined $offset # Not caught
9053 $offset = $line - $subs{$sub}->[0];
9054 $offset = "+$offset", last SUBS
9056 } ## end if ($subs{$sub}->[1] >=...
9057 } ## end for $sub (keys %subs)
9058 if ( defined $offset ) {
9059 $postponed{$found} =
9060 "break $offset if $dbline{$line}";
9064 "Breakpoint in $_:$line ignored: after all the subroutines.\n";
9066 } ## end for $line (keys %dbline)
9067 } ## end for (@hard)
9069 # Save the other things that don't need to be
9071 set_list( "PERLDB_POSTPONE", %postponed );
9072 set_list( "PERLDB_PRETYPE", @$pretype );
9073 set_list( "PERLDB_PRE", @$pre );
9074 set_list( "PERLDB_POST", @$post );
9075 set_list( "PERLDB_TYPEAHEAD", @typeahead );
9077 # We are officially restarting.
9078 $ENV{PERLDB_RESTART} = 1;
9080 # We are junking all child debuggers.
9081 delete $ENV{PERLDB_PIDS}; # Restore ini state
9083 # Set this back to the initial pid.
9084 $ENV{PERLDB_PIDS} = $ini_pids if defined $ini_pids;
9088 After all the debugger status has been saved, we take the command we built up
9089 and then return it, so we can C<exec()> it. The debugger will spot the
9090 C<PERLDB_RESTART> environment variable and realize it needs to reload its state
9091 from the environment.
9095 # And run Perl again. Add the "-d" flag, all the
9096 # flags we built up, the script (whether a one-liner
9097 # or a file), add on the -emacs flag for a slave editor,
9098 # and then the old arguments.
9100 return ($^X, '-d', @flags, @script, ($slave_editor ? '-emacs' : ()), @ARGS);
9106 =head1 END PROCESSING - THE C<END> BLOCK
9108 Come here at the very end of processing. We want to go into a
9109 loop where we allow the user to enter commands and interact with the
9110 debugger, but we don't want anything else to execute.
9112 First we set the C<$finished> variable, so that some commands that
9113 shouldn't be run after the end of program quit working.
9115 We then figure out whether we're truly done (as in the user entered a C<q>
9116 command, or we finished execution while running nonstop). If we aren't,
9117 we set C<$single> to 1 (causing the debugger to get control again).
9119 We then call C<DB::fake::at_exit()>, which returns the C<Use 'q' to quit ...>
9120 message and returns control to the debugger. Repeat.
9122 When the user finally enters a C<q> command, C<$fall_off_end> is set to
9123 1 and the C<END> block simply exits with C<$single> set to 0 (don't
9124 break, run to completion.).
9129 $finished = 1 if $inhibit_exit; # So that some commands may be disabled.
9130 $fall_off_end = 1 unless $inhibit_exit;
9132 # Do not stop in at_exit() and destructors on exit:
9133 if ($fall_off_end or $runnonstop) {
9137 DB::fake::at_exit();
9141 =head1 PRE-5.8 COMMANDS
9143 Some of the commands changed function quite a bit in the 5.8 command
9144 realignment, so much so that the old code had to be replaced completely.
9145 Because we wanted to retain the option of being able to go back to the
9146 former command set, we moved the old code off to this section.
9148 There's an awful lot of duplicated code here. We've duplicated the
9149 comments to keep things clear.
9153 Does nothing. Used to I<turn off> commands.
9157 sub cmd_pre580_null {
9162 =head2 Old C<a> command.
9164 This version added actions if you supplied them, and deleted them
9173 # Argument supplied. Add the action.
9174 if ( $cmd =~ /^(\d*)\s*(.*)/ ) {
9176 # If the line isn't there, use the current line.
9180 # If there is an action ...
9183 # ... but the line isn't breakable, skip it.
9184 if ( $dbline[$i] == 0 ) {
9185 print $OUT "Line $i may not have an action.\n";
9189 # ... and the line is breakable:
9190 # Mark that there's an action in this file.
9191 $had_breakpoints{$filename} |= 2;
9193 # Delete any current action.
9194 $dbline{$i} =~ s/\0[^\0]*//;
9196 # Add the new action, continuing the line as needed.
9197 $dbline{$i} .= "\0" . action($j);
9199 } ## end if (length $j)
9201 # No action supplied.
9204 # Delete the action.
9205 $dbline{$i} =~ s/\0[^\0]*//;
9207 # Mark as having no break or action if nothing's left.
9208 delete $dbline{$i} if $dbline{$i} eq '';
9210 } ## end if ($cmd =~ /^(\d*)\s*(.*)/)
9211 } ## end sub cmd_pre580_a
9213 =head2 Old C<b> command
9225 if ( $cmd =~ /^load\b\s*(.*)/ ) {
9231 # b compile|postpone <some sub> [<condition>]
9232 # The interpreter actually traps this one for us; we just put the
9233 # necessary condition in the %postponed hash.
9234 elsif ( $cmd =~ /^(postpone|compile)\b\s*([':A-Za-z_][':\w]*)\s*(.*)/ ) {
9236 # Capture the condition if there is one. Make it true if none.
9237 my $cond = length $3 ? $3 : '1';
9239 # Save the sub name and set $break to 1 if $1 was 'postpone', 0
9240 # if it was 'compile'.
9241 my ( $subname, $break ) = ( $2, $1 eq 'postpone' );
9243 # De-Perl4-ify the name - ' separators to ::.
9244 $subname =~ s/\'/::/g;
9246 # Qualify it into the current package unless it's already qualified.
9247 $subname = "${'package'}::" . $subname
9248 unless $subname =~ /::/;
9250 # Add main if it starts with ::.
9251 $subname = "main" . $subname if substr( $subname, 0, 2 ) eq "::";
9253 # Save the break type for this sub.
9254 $postponed{$subname} = $break ? "break +0 if $cond" : "compile";
9255 } ## end elsif ($cmd =~ ...
9257 # b <sub name> [<condition>]
9258 elsif ( $cmd =~ /^([':A-Za-z_][':\w]*(?:\[.*\])?)\s*(.*)/ ) {
9260 my $cond = length $2 ? $2 : '1';
9261 &cmd_b_sub( $subname, $cond );
9264 # b <line> [<condition>].
9265 elsif ( $cmd =~ /^(\d*)\s*(.*)/ ) {
9266 my $i = $1 || $dbline;
9267 my $cond = length $2 ? $2 : '1';
9268 &cmd_b_line( $i, $cond );
9270 } ## end sub cmd_pre580_b
9272 =head2 Old C<D> command.
9274 Delete all breakpoints unconditionally.
9281 if ( $cmd =~ /^\s*$/ ) {
9282 print $OUT "Deleting all breakpoints...\n";
9284 # %had_breakpoints lists every file that had at least one
9287 for $file ( keys %had_breakpoints ) {
9289 # Switch to the desired file temporarily.
9290 local *dbline = $main::{ '_<' . $file };
9295 # For all lines in this file ...
9296 for ( $i = 1 ; $i <= $max ; $i++ ) {
9298 # If there's a breakpoint or action on this line ...
9299 if ( defined $dbline{$i} ) {
9301 # ... remove the breakpoint.
9302 $dbline{$i} =~ s/^[^\0]+//;
9303 if ( $dbline{$i} =~ s/^\0?$// ) {
9305 # Remove the entry altogether if no action is there.
9308 } ## end if (defined $dbline{$i...
9309 } ## end for ($i = 1 ; $i <= $max...
9311 # If, after we turn off the "there were breakpoints in this file"
9312 # bit, the entry in %had_breakpoints for this file is zero,
9313 # we should remove this file from the hash.
9314 if ( not $had_breakpoints{$file} &= ~1 ) {
9315 delete $had_breakpoints{$file};
9317 } ## end for $file (keys %had_breakpoints)
9319 # Kill off all the other breakpoints that are waiting for files that
9320 # haven't been loaded yet.
9322 undef %postponed_file;
9323 undef %break_on_load;
9324 } ## end if ($cmd =~ /^\s*$/)
9325 } ## end sub cmd_pre580_D
9327 =head2 Old C<h> command
9329 Print help. Defaults to printing the long-form help; the 5.8 version
9330 prints the summary by default.
9338 # Print the *right* help, long format.
9339 if ( $cmd =~ /^\s*$/ ) {
9340 print_help($pre580_help);
9343 # 'h h' - explicitly-requested summary.
9344 elsif ( $cmd =~ /^h\s*/ ) {
9345 print_help($pre580_summary);
9348 # Find and print a command's help.
9349 elsif ( $cmd =~ /^h\s+(\S.*)$/ ) {
9350 my $asked = $1; # for proper errmsg
9351 my $qasked = quotemeta($asked); # for searching
9352 # XXX: finds CR but not <CR>
9356 (?:[IB]<) # Optional markup
9357 $qasked # The command name
9364 ( # The command help:
9366 (?:[IB]<) # Optional markup
9367 $qasked # The command name
9368 ([\s\S]*?) # Lines starting with tabs
9372 ) # Line not starting with space
9373 # (Next command's help)
9377 } ## end if ($pre580_help =~ /^<?(?:[IB]<)$qasked/m)
9381 print_help("B<$asked> is not a debugger command.\n");
9383 } ## end elsif ($cmd =~ /^h\s+(\S.*)$/)
9384 } ## end sub cmd_pre580_h
9386 =head2 Old C<W> command
9388 C<W E<lt>exprE<gt>> adds a watch expression, C<W> deletes them all.
9396 # Delete all watch expressions.
9397 if ( $cmd =~ /^$/ ) {
9399 # No watching is going on.
9402 # Kill all the watch expressions and values.
9403 @to_watch = @old_watch = ();
9406 # Add a watch expression.
9407 elsif ( $cmd =~ /^(.*)/s ) {
9409 # add it to the list to be watched.
9412 # Get the current value of the expression.
9413 # Doesn't handle expressions returning list values!
9416 $val = ( defined $val ) ? "'$val'" : 'undef';
9419 push @old_watch, $val;
9421 # We're watching stuff.
9424 } ## end elsif ($cmd =~ /^(.*)/s)
9425 } ## end sub cmd_pre580_W
9427 =head1 PRE-AND-POST-PROMPT COMMANDS AND ACTIONS
9429 The debugger used to have a bunch of nearly-identical code to handle
9430 the pre-and-post-prompt action commands. C<cmd_pre590_prepost> and
9431 C<cmd_prepost> unify all this into one set of code to handle the
9432 appropriate actions.
9434 =head2 C<cmd_pre590_prepost>
9436 A small wrapper around C<cmd_prepost>; it makes sure that the default doesn't
9437 do something destructive. In pre 5.8 debuggers, the default action was to
9438 delete all the actions.
9442 sub cmd_pre590_prepost {
9444 my $line = shift || '*';
9447 return &cmd_prepost( $cmd, $line, $dbline );
9448 } ## end sub cmd_pre590_prepost
9450 =head2 C<cmd_prepost>
9452 Actually does all the handling for C<E<lt>>, C<E<gt>>, C<{{>, C<{>, etc.
9453 Since the lists of actions are all held in arrays that are pointed to by
9454 references anyway, all we have to do is pick the right array reference and
9455 then use generic code to all, delete, or list actions.
9462 # No action supplied defaults to 'list'.
9463 my $line = shift || '?';
9465 # Figure out what to put in the prompt.
9468 # Make sure we have some array or another to address later.
9469 # This means that if ssome reason the tests fail, we won't be
9470 # trying to stash actions or delete them from the wrong place.
9473 # < - Perl code to run before prompt.
9474 if ( $cmd =~ /^\</o ) {
9475 $which = 'pre-perl';
9479 # > - Perl code to run after prompt.
9480 elsif ( $cmd =~ /^\>/o ) {
9481 $which = 'post-perl';
9485 # { - first check for properly-balanced braces.
9486 elsif ( $cmd =~ /^\{/o ) {
9487 if ( $cmd =~ /^\{.*\}$/o && unbalanced( substr( $cmd, 1 ) ) ) {
9489 "$cmd is now a debugger command\nuse `;$cmd' if you mean Perl code\n";
9492 # Properly balanced. Pre-prompt debugger actions.
9494 $which = 'pre-debugger';
9497 } ## end elsif ( $cmd =~ /^\{/o )
9499 # Did we find something that makes sense?
9501 print $OUT "Confused by command: $cmd\n";
9508 if ( $line =~ /^\s*\?\s*$/o ) {
9511 # Nothing there. Complain.
9512 print $OUT "No $which actions.\n";
9516 # List the actions in the selected list.
9517 print $OUT "$which commands:\n";
9518 foreach my $action (@$aref) {
9519 print $OUT "\t$cmd -- $action\n";
9522 } ## end if ( $line =~ /^\s*\?\s*$/o)
9524 # Might be a delete.
9526 if ( length($cmd) == 1 ) {
9527 if ( $line =~ /^\s*\*\s*$/o ) {
9529 # It's a delete. Get rid of the old actions in the
9532 print $OUT "All $cmd actions cleared.\n";
9536 # Replace all the actions. (This is a <, >, or {).
9537 @$aref = action($line);
9539 } ## end if ( length($cmd) == 1)
9540 elsif ( length($cmd) == 2 ) {
9542 # Add the action to the line. (This is a <<, >>, or {{).
9543 push @$aref, action($line);
9547 # <<<, >>>>, {{{{{{ ... something not a command.
9549 "Confused by strange length of $which command($cmd)...\n";
9551 } ## end else [ if ( $line =~ /^\s*\?\s*$/o)
9553 } ## end sub cmd_prepost
9557 Contains the C<at_exit> routine that the debugger uses to issue the
9558 C<Debugged program terminated ...> message after the program completes. See
9559 the C<END> block documentation for more details.
9566 "Debugged program terminated. Use `q' to quit or `R' to restart.";
9569 package DB; # Do not trace this 1; below!
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