3 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000,
4 * 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008 by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * Far below them they saw the white waters pour into a foaming bowl, and
13 * then swirl darkly about a deep oval basin in the rocks, until they found
14 * their way out again through a narrow gate, and flowed away, fuming and
15 * chattering, into calmer and more level reaches.
17 * [p.684 of _The Lord of the Rings_, IV/vi: "The Forbidden Pool"]
20 /* This file contains functions that do the actual I/O on behalf of ops.
21 * For example, pp_print() calls the do_print() function in this file for
22 * each argument needing printing.
26 #define PERL_IN_DOIO_C
29 #if defined(HAS_MSG) || defined(HAS_SEM) || defined(HAS_SHM)
38 # ifndef HAS_SHMAT_PROTOTYPE
39 extern Shmat_t shmat (int, char *, int);
45 # if defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__MINGW32__)
46 # include <sys/utime.h>
53 # define OPEN_EXCL O_EXCL
58 #define PERL_MODE_MAX 8
59 #define PERL_FLAGS_MAX 10
64 S_openn_setup(pTHX_ GV *gv, char *mode, PerlIO **saveifp, PerlIO **saveofp,
65 int *savefd, char *savetype)
67 IO * const io = GvIOn(gv);
69 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_OPENN_SETUP;
74 *savetype = IoTYPE_CLOSED;
76 Zero(mode,sizeof(mode),char);
77 PL_forkprocess = 1; /* assume true if no fork */
79 /* If currently open - close before we re-open */
81 if (IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_STD) {
82 /* This is a clone of one of STD* handles */
85 const int old_fd = PerlIO_fileno(IoIFP(io));
87 if (old_fd >= 0 && old_fd <= PL_maxsysfd) {
88 /* This is one of the original STD* handles */
91 *savetype = IoTYPE(io);
97 if (IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_PIPE)
98 result = PerlProc_pclose(IoIFP(io));
99 else if (IoIFP(io) != IoOFP(io)) {
101 result = PerlIO_close(IoOFP(io));
102 PerlIO_close(IoIFP(io)); /* clear stdio, fd already closed */
105 result = PerlIO_close(IoIFP(io));
108 result = PerlIO_close(IoIFP(io));
110 if (result == EOF && old_fd > PL_maxsysfd) {
111 /* Why is this not Perl_warn*() call ? */
112 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log,
113 "Warning: unable to close filehandle %"HEKf" properly.\n",
114 HEKfARG(GvENAME_HEK(gv))
119 IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = NULL;
125 Perl_do_openn(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *oname, I32 len, int as_raw,
126 int rawmode, int rawperm, PerlIO *supplied_fp, SV **svp,
129 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_DO_OPENN;
132 /* sysopen style args, i.e. integer mode and permissions */
135 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: sysopen with multiple args, num_svs=%ld",
138 return do_open_raw(gv, oname, len, rawmode, rawperm);
140 return do_open6(gv, oname, len, supplied_fp, svp, num_svs);
144 Perl_do_open_raw(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *oname, STRLEN len,
145 int rawmode, int rawperm)
151 char mode[PERL_MODE_MAX]; /* file mode ("r\0", "rb\0", "ab\0" etc.) */
152 IO * const io = openn_setup(gv, mode, &saveifp, &saveofp, &savefd, &savetype);
156 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_DO_OPEN_RAW;
158 /* For ease of blame back to 5.000, keep the existing indenting. */
160 /* sysopen style args, i.e. integer mode and permissions */
162 const int appendtrunc =
164 #ifdef O_APPEND /* Not fully portable. */
167 #ifdef O_TRUNC /* Not fully portable. */
171 const int modifyingmode = O_WRONLY|O_RDWR|O_CREAT|appendtrunc;
181 It might be (in OS/390 and Mac OS Classic it is)
187 This means that simple & with O_RDWR would look
188 like O_RDONLY is present. Therefore we have to
191 if ((ismodifying = (rawmode & modifyingmode))) {
192 if ((ismodifying & O_WRONLY) == O_WRONLY ||
193 (ismodifying & O_RDWR) == O_RDWR ||
194 (ismodifying & (O_CREAT|appendtrunc)))
195 TAINT_PROPER("sysopen");
197 mode[ix++] = IoTYPE_NUMERIC; /* Marker to openn to use numeric "sysopen" */
199 #if defined(USE_64_BIT_RAWIO) && defined(O_LARGEFILE)
200 rawmode |= O_LARGEFILE; /* Transparently largefiley. */
203 IoTYPE(io) = PerlIO_intmode2str(rawmode, &mode[ix], &writing);
205 namesv = newSVpvn_flags(oname, len, SVs_TEMP);
206 fp = PerlIO_openn(aTHX_ NULL, mode, -1, rawmode, rawperm, NULL, 1, &namesv);
208 return openn_cleanup(gv, io, fp, mode, oname, saveifp, saveofp, savefd,
209 savetype, writing, 0, NULL);
213 Perl_do_open6(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *oname, STRLEN len,
214 PerlIO *supplied_fp, SV **svp, U32 num_svs)
220 char mode[PERL_MODE_MAX]; /* file mode ("r\0", "rb\0", "ab\0" etc.) */
221 IO * const io = openn_setup(gv, mode, &saveifp, &saveofp, &savefd, &savetype);
224 bool was_fdopen = FALSE;
227 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_DO_OPEN6;
229 /* For ease of blame back to 5.000, keep the existing indenting. */
231 /* Regular (non-sys) open */
236 bool in_raw = 0, in_crlf = 0, out_raw = 0, out_crlf = 0;
238 /* Collect default raw/crlf info from the op */
239 if (PL_op && PL_op->op_type == OP_OPEN) {
240 /* set up IO layers */
241 const U8 flags = PL_op->op_private;
242 in_raw = (flags & OPpOPEN_IN_RAW);
243 in_crlf = (flags & OPpOPEN_IN_CRLF);
244 out_raw = (flags & OPpOPEN_OUT_RAW);
245 out_crlf = (flags & OPpOPEN_OUT_CRLF);
248 type = savepvn(oname, len);
252 /* Lose leading and trailing white space */
253 while (isSPACE(*type))
255 while (tend > type && isSPACE(tend[-1]))
261 /* New style explicit name, type is just mode and layer info */
263 if (SvROK(*svp) && !strchr(oname,'&')) {
265 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_IO),
266 "Can't open a reference");
267 SETERRNO(EINVAL, LIB_INVARG);
271 #endif /* USE_STDIO */
272 p = (SvOK(*svp) || SvGMAGICAL(*svp)) ? SvPV(*svp, nlen) : NULL;
274 if (p && !IS_SAFE_PATHNAME(p, nlen, "open")) {
279 name = p ? savepvn(p, nlen) : savepvs("");
288 if ((*type == IoTYPE_RDWR) && /* scary */
289 (*(type+1) == IoTYPE_RDONLY || *(type+1) == IoTYPE_WRONLY) &&
290 ((!num_svs || (tend > type+1 && tend[-1] != IoTYPE_PIPE)))) {
291 TAINT_PROPER("open");
296 if (*type == IoTYPE_PIPE) {
298 if (type[1] != IoTYPE_STD) {
300 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Unknown open() mode '%.*s'", (int)olen, oname);
306 } while (isSPACE(*type));
312 /* command is missing 19990114 */
313 if (ckWARN(WARN_PIPE))
314 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_PIPE), "Missing command in piped open");
319 if (!(*name == '-' && name[1] == '\0') || num_svs)
321 TAINT_PROPER("piped open");
322 if (!num_svs && name[len-1] == '|') {
324 if (ckWARN(WARN_PIPE))
325 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_PIPE), "Can't open bidirectional pipe");
334 fp = PerlProc_popen_list(mode, num_svs, svp);
337 fp = PerlProc_popen(name,mode);
341 if (PerlIO_apply_layers(aTHX_ fp, mode, type) != 0) {
348 else if (*type == IoTYPE_WRONLY) {
349 TAINT_PROPER("open");
351 if (*type == IoTYPE_WRONLY) {
352 /* Two IoTYPE_WRONLYs in a row make for an IoTYPE_APPEND. */
353 mode[0] = IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_APPEND;
367 dodup = PERLIO_DUP_FD;
373 if (!num_svs && !*type && supplied_fp) {
374 /* "<+&" etc. is used by typemaps */
378 PerlIO *that_fp = NULL;
381 /* diag_listed_as: More than one argument to '%s' open */
382 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "More than one argument to '%c&' open",IoTYPE(io));
384 while (isSPACE(*type))
388 || (SvPOKp(*svp) && looks_like_number(*svp))
390 wanted_fd = SvUV(*svp);
393 else if (isDIGIT(*type)) {
394 wanted_fd = grok_atou(type, NULL);
399 thatio = sv_2io(*svp);
402 GV * const thatgv = gv_fetchpvn_flags(type, tend - type,
404 thatio = GvIO(thatgv);
408 SETERRNO(EINVAL,SS_IVCHAN);
413 if ((that_fp = IoIFP(thatio))) {
414 /* Flush stdio buffer before dup. --mjd
415 * Unfortunately SEEK_CURing 0 seems to
416 * be optimized away on most platforms;
417 * only Solaris and Linux seem to flush
419 /* On the other hand, do all platforms
420 * take gracefully to flushing a read-only
421 * filehandle? Perhaps we should do
422 * fsetpos(src)+fgetpos(dst)? --nik */
423 PerlIO_flush(that_fp);
424 wanted_fd = PerlIO_fileno(that_fp);
425 /* When dup()ing STDIN, STDOUT or STDERR
426 * explicitly set appropriate access mode */
427 if (that_fp == PerlIO_stdout()
428 || that_fp == PerlIO_stderr())
429 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_WRONLY;
430 else if (that_fp == PerlIO_stdin())
431 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_RDONLY;
432 /* When dup()ing a socket, say result is
434 else if (IoTYPE(thatio) == IoTYPE_SOCKET)
435 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_SOCKET;
443 fp = PerlIO_fdupopen(aTHX_ that_fp, NULL, dodup);
447 wanted_fd = PerlLIO_dup(wanted_fd);
450 if (!(fp = PerlIO_openn(aTHX_ type,mode,wanted_fd,0,0,NULL,num_svs,svp))) {
451 if (dodup && wanted_fd >= 0)
452 PerlLIO_close(wanted_fd);
458 while (isSPACE(*type))
460 if (*type == IoTYPE_STD && (!type[1] || isSPACE(type[1]) || type[1] == ':')) {
462 fp = PerlIO_stdout();
463 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_STD;
465 /* diag_listed_as: More than one argument to '%s' open */
466 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "More than one argument to '>%c' open",IoTYPE_STD);
471 fp = PerlIO_openn(aTHX_ type,mode,-1,0,0,NULL,num_svs,svp);
474 SV *namesv = newSVpvn_flags(type, tend - type, SVs_TEMP);
476 fp = PerlIO_openn(aTHX_ type,mode,-1,0,0,NULL,1,&namesv);
480 if (!fp && type && *type && *type != ':' && !isIDFIRST(*type))
481 goto unknown_open_mode;
482 } /* IoTYPE_WRONLY */
483 else if (*type == IoTYPE_RDONLY) {
486 } while (isSPACE(*type));
495 if (*type == IoTYPE_STD && (!type[1] || isSPACE(type[1]) || type[1] == ':')) {
498 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_STD;
500 /* diag_listed_as: More than one argument to '%s' open */
501 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "More than one argument to '<%c' open",IoTYPE_STD);
506 fp = PerlIO_openn(aTHX_ type,mode,-1,0,0,NULL,num_svs,svp);
509 SV *namesv = newSVpvn_flags(type, tend - type, SVs_TEMP);
511 fp = PerlIO_openn(aTHX_ type,mode,-1,0,0,NULL,1,&namesv);
514 if (!fp && type && *type && *type != ':' && !isIDFIRST(*type))
515 goto unknown_open_mode;
516 } /* IoTYPE_RDONLY */
517 else if ((num_svs && /* '-|...' or '...|' */
518 type[0] == IoTYPE_STD && type[1] == IoTYPE_PIPE) ||
519 (!num_svs && tend > type+1 && tend[-1] == IoTYPE_PIPE)) {
521 type += 2; /* skip over '-|' */
525 while (tend > type && isSPACE(tend[-1]))
527 for (; isSPACE(*type); type++)
533 /* command is missing 19990114 */
534 if (ckWARN(WARN_PIPE))
535 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_PIPE), "Missing command in piped open");
540 if (!(*name == '-' && name[1] == '\0') || num_svs)
542 TAINT_PROPER("piped open");
551 fp = PerlProc_popen_list(mode,num_svs,svp);
554 fp = PerlProc_popen(name,mode);
556 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_PIPE;
558 while (isSPACE(*type))
561 if (PerlIO_apply_layers(aTHX_ fp, mode, type) != 0) {
568 else { /* layer(Args) */
570 goto unknown_open_mode;
572 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_RDONLY;
573 for (; isSPACE(*name); name++)
582 if (*name == '-' && name[1] == '\0') {
584 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_STD;
588 fp = PerlIO_openn(aTHX_ type,mode,-1,0,0,NULL,num_svs,svp);
591 SV *namesv = newSVpvn_flags(type, tend - type, SVs_TEMP);
593 fp = PerlIO_openn(aTHX_ type,mode,-1,0,0,NULL,1,&namesv);
600 return openn_cleanup(gv, io, fp, mode, oname, saveifp, saveofp, savefd,
601 savetype, writing, was_fdopen, type);
604 /* Yes, this is ugly, but it's private, and I don't see a cleaner way to
605 simplify the two-headed public interface of do_openn. */
607 S_openn_cleanup(pTHX_ GV *gv, IO *io, PerlIO *fp, char *mode, const char *oname,
608 PerlIO *saveifp, PerlIO *saveofp, int savefd, char savetype,
609 int writing, bool was_fdopen, const char *type)
613 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_OPENN_CLEANUP;
616 if (IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_RDONLY && ckWARN(WARN_NEWLINE)
617 && should_warn_nl(oname)
621 GCC_DIAG_IGNORE(-Wformat-nonliteral); /* PL_warn_nl is constant */
622 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_NEWLINE), PL_warn_nl, "open");
628 if (ckWARN(WARN_IO)) {
629 if ((IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_RDONLY) &&
630 (fp == PerlIO_stdout() || fp == PerlIO_stderr())) {
631 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_IO),
632 "Filehandle STD%s reopened as %"HEKf
634 ((fp == PerlIO_stdout()) ? "OUT" : "ERR"),
635 HEKfARG(GvENAME_HEK(gv)));
637 else if ((IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_WRONLY) && fp == PerlIO_stdin()) {
638 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_IO),
639 "Filehandle STDIN reopened as %"HEKf" only for output",
640 HEKfARG(GvENAME_HEK(gv))
645 fd = PerlIO_fileno(fp);
646 /* Do NOT do: "if (fd < 0) goto say_false;" here. If there is no
647 * fd assume it isn't a socket - this covers PerlIO::scalar -
648 * otherwise unless we "know" the type probe for socket-ness.
650 if (IoTYPE(io) && IoTYPE(io) != IoTYPE_PIPE && IoTYPE(io) != IoTYPE_STD && fd >= 0) {
651 if (PerlLIO_fstat(fd,&PL_statbuf) < 0) {
652 /* If PerlIO claims to have fd we had better be able to fstat() it. */
653 (void) PerlIO_close(fp);
657 if (S_ISSOCK(PL_statbuf.st_mode))
658 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_SOCKET; /* in case a socket was passed in to us */
661 !(PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_IFMT)
662 && IoTYPE(io) != IoTYPE_WRONLY /* Dups of STD* filehandles already have */
663 && IoTYPE(io) != IoTYPE_RDONLY /* type so they aren't marked as sockets */
664 ) { /* on OS's that return 0 on fstat()ed pipe */
666 Sock_size_t buflen = sizeof tmpbuf;
667 if (PerlSock_getsockname(fd, (struct sockaddr *)tmpbuf, &buflen) >= 0
668 || errno != ENOTSOCK)
669 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_SOCKET; /* some OS's return 0 on fstat()ed socket */
670 /* but some return 0 for streams too, sigh */
672 #endif /* HAS_SOCKET */
673 #endif /* !PERL_MICRO */
677 * If this is a standard handle we discard all the layer stuff
678 * and just dup the fd into whatever was on the handle before !
681 if (saveifp) { /* must use old fp? */
682 /* If fd is less that PL_maxsysfd i.e. STDIN..STDERR
683 then dup the new fileno down
686 PerlIO_flush(saveofp); /* emulate PerlIO_close() */
687 if (saveofp != saveifp) { /* was a socket? */
688 PerlIO_close(saveofp);
692 /* Still a small can-of-worms here if (say) PerlIO::scalar
693 is assigned to (say) STDOUT - for now let dup2() fail
694 and provide the error
697 SETERRNO(EBADF,RMS_IFI);
699 } else if (PerlLIO_dup2(fd, savefd) < 0) {
700 (void)PerlIO_close(fp);
704 if (savefd != PerlIO_fileno(PerlIO_stdin())) {
705 char newname[FILENAME_MAX+1];
706 if (PerlIO_getname(fp, newname)) {
707 if (fd == PerlIO_fileno(PerlIO_stdout()))
708 vmssetuserlnm("SYS$OUTPUT", newname);
709 if (fd == PerlIO_fileno(PerlIO_stderr()))
710 vmssetuserlnm("SYS$ERROR", newname);
716 /* PL_fdpid isn't used on Windows, so avoid this useless work.
717 * XXX Probably the same for a lot of other places. */
722 sv = *av_fetch(PL_fdpid,fd,TRUE);
723 SvUPGRADE(sv, SVt_IV);
726 sv = *av_fetch(PL_fdpid,savefd,TRUE);
727 SvUPGRADE(sv, SVt_IV);
733 /* need to close fp without closing underlying fd */
734 int ofd = PerlIO_fileno(fp);
735 int dupfd = ofd >= 0 ? PerlLIO_dup(ofd) : -1;
736 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
737 /* Assume if we have F_SETFD we have F_GETFD */
738 int coe = ofd >= 0 ? fcntl(ofd, F_GETFD) : -1;
741 PerlLIO_close(dupfd);
745 if (ofd < 0 || dupfd < 0) {
747 PerlLIO_close(dupfd);
751 PerlLIO_dup2(dupfd, ofd);
752 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
753 /* The dup trick has lost close-on-exec on ofd */
754 fcntl(ofd,F_SETFD, coe);
756 PerlLIO_close(dupfd);
763 fd = PerlIO_fileno(fp);
765 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
767 if (fcntl(fd, F_SETFD, fd > PL_maxsysfd) < 0) {
775 IoFLAGS(io) &= ~IOf_NOLINE;
777 if (IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_SOCKET
778 || (IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_WRONLY && fd >= 0 && S_ISCHR(PL_statbuf.st_mode)) ) {
780 if (*s == IoTYPE_IMPLICIT || *s == IoTYPE_NUMERIC)
783 if (!(IoOFP(io) = PerlIO_openn(aTHX_ type,s,fd,0,0,NULL,0,NULL))) {
796 IoTYPE(io) = savetype;
801 Perl_nextargv(pTHX_ GV *gv, bool nomagicopen)
803 IO * const io = GvIOp(gv);
805 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEXTARGV;
808 PL_argvoutgv = gv_fetchpvs("ARGVOUT", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVIO);
809 if (io && (IoFLAGS(io) & (IOf_ARGV|IOf_START)) == (IOf_ARGV|IOf_START)) {
810 IoFLAGS(io) &= ~IOf_START;
813 Perl_av_create_and_push(aTHX_ &PL_argvout_stack,
814 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_NN(PL_defoutgv));
817 if (PL_filemode & (S_ISUID|S_ISGID)) {
818 PerlIO_flush(IoIFP(GvIOn(PL_argvoutgv))); /* chmod must follow last write */
821 (void)fchmod(PL_lastfd,PL_filemode);
823 (void)PerlLIO_chmod(PL_oldname,PL_filemode);
830 while (av_tindex(GvAV(gv)) >= 0) {
832 SV *const sv = av_shift(GvAV(gv));
834 SvTAINTED_off(GvSVn(gv)); /* previous tainting irrelevant */
835 sv_setsv(GvSVn(gv),sv);
836 SvSETMAGIC(GvSV(gv));
837 PL_oldname = SvPVx(GvSV(gv), oldlen);
838 if (LIKELY(!PL_inplace)) {
840 ? do_open6(gv, "<", 1, NULL, &GvSV(gv), 1)
841 : do_open6(gv, PL_oldname, oldlen, NULL, NULL, 0)
843 return IoIFP(GvIOp(gv));
847 /* This very long block ends with return IoIFP(GvIOp(gv));
848 Both this block and the block above fall through on open
849 failure to the warning code, and then the while loop above tries
851 if (do_open_raw(gv, PL_oldname, oldlen, O_RDONLY, 0)) {
852 #ifndef FLEXFILENAMES
859 TAINT_PROPER("inplace open");
860 if (oldlen == 1 && *PL_oldname == '-') {
861 setdefout(gv_fetchpvs("STDOUT", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL,
863 return IoIFP(GvIOp(gv));
865 #ifndef FLEXFILENAMES
866 filedev = PL_statbuf.st_dev;
867 fileino = PL_statbuf.st_ino;
869 PL_filemode = PL_statbuf.st_mode;
870 fileuid = PL_statbuf.st_uid;
871 filegid = PL_statbuf.st_gid;
872 if (!S_ISREG(PL_filemode)) {
873 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INPLACE),
874 "Can't do inplace edit: %s is not a regular file",
879 if (*PL_inplace && strNE(PL_inplace, "*")) {
880 const char *star = strchr(PL_inplace, '*');
882 const char *begin = PL_inplace;
885 sv_catpvn(sv, begin, star - begin);
886 sv_catpvn(sv, PL_oldname, oldlen);
888 } while ((star = strchr(begin, '*')));
893 sv_catpv(sv,PL_inplace);
895 #ifndef FLEXFILENAMES
896 if ((PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX_const(sv),&PL_statbuf) >= 0
897 && PL_statbuf.st_dev == filedev
898 && PL_statbuf.st_ino == fileino)
900 || ((_djstat_fail_bits & _STFAIL_TRUENAME)!=0)
904 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INPLACE),
905 "Can't do inplace edit: %"SVf" would not be unique",
912 #if !defined(DOSISH) && !defined(__CYGWIN__)
913 if (PerlLIO_rename(PL_oldname,SvPVX_const(sv)) < 0) {
914 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INPLACE),
915 "Can't rename %s to %"SVf": %s, skipping file",
916 PL_oldname, SVfARG(sv), Strerror(errno));
922 (void)PerlLIO_unlink(SvPVX_const(sv));
923 (void)PerlLIO_rename(PL_oldname,SvPVX_const(sv));
924 do_open_raw(gv, SvPVX_const(sv), SvCUR(sv), O_RDONLY, 0);
927 (void)UNLINK(SvPVX_const(sv));
928 if (link(PL_oldname,SvPVX_const(sv)) < 0) {
929 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INPLACE),
930 "Can't rename %s to %"SVf": %s, skipping file",
931 PL_oldname, SVfARG(sv), Strerror(errno) );
935 (void)UNLINK(PL_oldname);
939 #if !defined(DOSISH) && !defined(AMIGAOS)
940 # ifndef VMS /* Don't delete; use automatic file versioning */
941 if (UNLINK(PL_oldname) < 0) {
942 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INPLACE),
943 "Can't remove %s: %s, skipping file",
944 PL_oldname, Strerror(errno) );
950 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do inplace edit without backup");
954 sv_setpvn(sv,PL_oldname,oldlen);
955 SETERRNO(0,0); /* in case sprintf set errno */
956 if (!Perl_do_open_raw(aTHX_ PL_argvoutgv, SvPVX_const(sv),
959 O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_TRUNC, 0
961 O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|OPEN_EXCL, 0600
964 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INPLACE), "Can't do inplace edit on %s: %s",
965 PL_oldname, Strerror(errno) );
969 setdefout(PL_argvoutgv);
970 PL_lastfd = PerlIO_fileno(IoIFP(GvIOp(PL_argvoutgv)));
971 if (PL_lastfd >= 0) {
972 (void)PerlLIO_fstat(PL_lastfd,&PL_statbuf);
974 (void)fchmod(PL_lastfd,PL_filemode);
976 (void)PerlLIO_chmod(PL_oldname,PL_filemode);
978 if (fileuid != PL_statbuf.st_uid || filegid != PL_statbuf.st_gid) {
979 /* XXX silently ignore failures */
981 PERL_UNUSED_RESULT(fchown(PL_lastfd,fileuid,filegid));
984 PERL_UNUSED_RESULT(PerlLIO_chown(PL_oldname,fileuid,filegid));
989 return IoIFP(GvIOp(gv));
991 } /* successful do_open_raw(), PL_inplace non-NULL */
993 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_INPLACE)) {
994 const int eno = errno;
995 if (PerlLIO_stat(PL_oldname, &PL_statbuf) >= 0
996 && !S_ISREG(PL_statbuf.st_mode)) {
997 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INPLACE),
998 "Can't do inplace edit: %s is not a regular file",
1002 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INPLACE), "Can't open %s: %s",
1003 PL_oldname, Strerror(eno));
1007 if (io && (IoFLAGS(io) & IOf_ARGV))
1008 IoFLAGS(io) |= IOf_START;
1010 (void)do_close(PL_argvoutgv,FALSE);
1011 if (io && (IoFLAGS(io) & IOf_ARGV)
1012 && PL_argvout_stack && AvFILLp(PL_argvout_stack) >= 0)
1014 GV * const oldout = MUTABLE_GV(av_pop(PL_argvout_stack));
1016 SvREFCNT_dec_NN(oldout);
1019 setdefout(gv_fetchpvs("STDOUT", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVIO));
1024 /* explicit renamed to avoid C++ conflict -- kja */
1026 Perl_do_close(pTHX_ GV *gv, bool not_implicit)
1033 if (!gv || !isGV_with_GP(gv)) {
1035 SETERRNO(EBADF,SS_IVCHAN);
1039 if (!io) { /* never opened */
1042 SETERRNO(EBADF,SS_IVCHAN);
1046 retval = io_close(io, NULL, not_implicit, FALSE);
1050 IoLINES_LEFT(io) = IoPAGE_LEN(io);
1052 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_CLOSED;
1057 Perl_io_close(pTHX_ IO *io, GV *gv, bool not_implicit, bool warn_on_fail)
1059 bool retval = FALSE;
1061 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_IO_CLOSE;
1064 if (IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_PIPE) {
1065 const int status = PerlProc_pclose(IoIFP(io));
1067 STATUS_NATIVE_CHILD_SET(status);
1068 retval = (STATUS_UNIX == 0);
1071 retval = (status != -1);
1074 else if (IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_STD)
1077 if (IoOFP(io) && IoOFP(io) != IoIFP(io)) { /* a socket */
1078 const bool prev_err = PerlIO_error(IoOFP(io));
1081 PerlIO_restore_errno(IoOFP(io));
1083 retval = (PerlIO_close(IoOFP(io)) != EOF && !prev_err);
1084 PerlIO_close(IoIFP(io)); /* clear stdio, fd already closed */
1087 const bool prev_err = PerlIO_error(IoIFP(io));
1090 PerlIO_restore_errno(IoIFP(io));
1092 retval = (PerlIO_close(IoIFP(io)) != EOF && !prev_err);
1095 IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = NULL;
1097 if (warn_on_fail && !retval) {
1099 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_IO),
1100 "Warning: unable to close filehandle %"
1101 HEKf" properly: %"SVf,
1102 GvNAME_HEK(gv), get_sv("!",GV_ADD));
1104 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_IO),
1105 "Warning: unable to close filehandle "
1107 get_sv("!",GV_ADD));
1110 else if (not_implicit) {
1111 SETERRNO(EBADF,SS_IVCHAN);
1118 Perl_do_eof(pTHX_ GV *gv)
1120 IO * const io = GvIO(gv);
1122 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_DO_EOF;
1126 else if (IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_WRONLY)
1127 report_wrongway_fh(gv, '>');
1130 if (PerlIO_has_cntptr(IoIFP(io))) { /* (the code works without this) */
1131 if (PerlIO_get_cnt(IoIFP(io)) > 0) /* cheat a little, since */
1132 return FALSE; /* this is the most usual case */
1136 /* getc and ungetc can stomp on errno */
1138 const int ch = PerlIO_getc(IoIFP(io));
1140 (void)PerlIO_ungetc(IoIFP(io),ch);
1147 if (PerlIO_has_cntptr(IoIFP(io)) && PerlIO_canset_cnt(IoIFP(io))) {
1148 if (PerlIO_get_cnt(IoIFP(io)) < -1)
1149 PerlIO_set_cnt(IoIFP(io),-1);
1151 if (PL_op->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL) { /* not necessarily a real EOF yet? */
1152 if (gv != PL_argvgv || !nextargv(gv, FALSE)) /* get another fp handy */
1156 return TRUE; /* normal fp, definitely end of file */
1162 Perl_do_tell(pTHX_ GV *gv)
1164 IO *const io = GvIO(gv);
1167 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_DO_TELL;
1169 if (io && (fp = IoIFP(io))) {
1170 return PerlIO_tell(fp);
1173 SETERRNO(EBADF,RMS_IFI);
1178 Perl_do_seek(pTHX_ GV *gv, Off_t pos, int whence)
1180 IO *const io = GvIO(gv);
1183 if (io && (fp = IoIFP(io))) {
1184 return PerlIO_seek(fp, pos, whence) >= 0;
1187 SETERRNO(EBADF,RMS_IFI);
1192 Perl_do_sysseek(pTHX_ GV *gv, Off_t pos, int whence)
1194 IO *const io = GvIO(gv);
1197 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_DO_SYSSEEK;
1199 if (io && (fp = IoIFP(io))) {
1200 int fd = PerlIO_fileno(fp);
1202 return PerlLIO_lseek(fd, pos, whence);
1206 SETERRNO(EBADF,RMS_IFI);
1211 Perl_mode_from_discipline(pTHX_ const char *s, STRLEN len)
1213 int mode = O_BINARY;
1214 PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
1220 if (s[2] == 'a' && s[3] == 'w'
1221 && (!s[4] || s[4] == ':' || isSPACE(s[4])))
1230 if (s[2] == 'r' && s[3] == 'l' && s[4] == 'f'
1231 && (!s[5] || s[5] == ':' || isSPACE(s[5])))
1240 goto fail_discipline;
1243 else if (isSPACE(*s)) {
1250 end = strchr(s+1, ':');
1253 #ifndef PERLIO_LAYERS
1254 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "IO layers (like '%.*s') unavailable", end-s, s);
1265 #if !defined(HAS_TRUNCATE) && !defined(HAS_CHSIZE)
1267 my_chsize(int fd, Off_t length)
1270 /* code courtesy of William Kucharski */
1275 if (PerlLIO_fstat(fd, &filebuf) < 0)
1278 if (filebuf.st_size < length) {
1280 /* extend file length */
1282 if ((PerlLIO_lseek(fd, (length - 1), 0)) < 0)
1285 /* write a "0" byte */
1287 if ((PerlLIO_write(fd, "", 1)) != 1)
1291 /* truncate length */
1295 fl.l_start = length;
1296 fl.l_type = F_WRLCK; /* write lock on file space */
1299 * This relies on the UNDOCUMENTED F_FREESP argument to
1300 * fcntl(2), which truncates the file so that it ends at the
1301 * position indicated by fl.l_start.
1303 * Will minor miracles never cease?
1306 if (fcntl(fd, F_FREESP, &fl) < 0)
1312 Perl_croak_nocontext("truncate not implemented");
1313 #endif /* F_FREESP */
1316 #endif /* !HAS_TRUNCATE && !HAS_CHSIZE */
1319 Perl_do_print(pTHX_ SV *sv, PerlIO *fp)
1321 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_DO_PRINT;
1323 /* assuming fp is checked earlier */
1326 if (SvTYPE(sv) == SVt_IV && SvIOK(sv)) {
1327 assert(!SvGMAGICAL(sv));
1329 PerlIO_printf(fp, "%"UVuf, (UV)SvUVX(sv));
1331 PerlIO_printf(fp, "%"IVdf, (IV)SvIVX(sv));
1332 return !PerlIO_error(fp);
1336 /* Do this first to trigger any overloading. */
1337 const char *tmps = SvPV_const(sv, len);
1341 if (PerlIO_isutf8(fp)) { /* If the stream is utf8 ... */
1342 if (!SvUTF8(sv)) { /* Convert to utf8 if necessary */
1343 /* We don't modify the original scalar. */
1344 tmpbuf = bytes_to_utf8((const U8*) tmps, &len);
1345 tmps = (char *) tmpbuf;
1347 else if (ckWARN4_d(WARN_UTF8, WARN_SURROGATE, WARN_NON_UNICODE, WARN_NONCHAR)) {
1348 (void) check_utf8_print((const U8*) tmps, len);
1350 } /* else stream isn't utf8 */
1351 else if (DO_UTF8(sv)) { /* But if is utf8 internally, attempt to
1353 STRLEN tmplen = len;
1355 U8 * const result = bytes_from_utf8((const U8*) tmps, &tmplen, &utf8);
1358 /* Here, succeeded in downgrading from utf8. Set up to below
1359 * output the converted value */
1361 tmps = (char *) tmpbuf;
1364 else { /* Non-utf8 output stream, but string only representable in
1366 assert((char *)result == tmps);
1367 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_UTF8),
1368 "Wide character in %s",
1369 PL_op ? OP_DESC(PL_op) : "print"
1371 /* Could also check that isn't one of the things to avoid
1372 * in utf8 by using check_utf8_print(), but not doing so,
1373 * since the stream isn't a UTF8 stream */
1376 /* To detect whether the process is about to overstep its
1377 * filesize limit we would need getrlimit(). We could then
1378 * also transparently raise the limit with setrlimit() --
1379 * but only until the system hard limit/the filesystem limit,
1380 * at which we would get EPERM. Note that when using buffered
1381 * io the write failure can be delayed until the flush/close. --jhi */
1382 if (len && (PerlIO_write(fp,tmps,len) == 0))
1385 return happy ? !PerlIO_error(fp) : FALSE;
1390 Perl_my_stat_flags(pTHX_ const U32 flags)
1396 if (PL_op->op_flags & OPf_REF) {
1400 return PL_laststatval;
1403 PL_laststype = OP_STAT;
1404 PL_statgv = gv ? gv : (GV *)io;
1405 sv_setpvs(PL_statname, "");
1408 int fd = PerlIO_fileno(IoIFP(io));
1410 /* E.g. PerlIO::scalar has no real fd. */
1411 return (PL_laststatval = -1);
1413 return (PL_laststatval = PerlLIO_fstat(fd, &PL_statcache));
1415 } else if (IoDIRP(io)) {
1416 return (PL_laststatval = PerlLIO_fstat(my_dirfd(IoDIRP(io)), &PL_statcache));
1419 PL_laststatval = -1;
1423 else if ((PL_op->op_private & (OPpFT_STACKED|OPpFT_AFTER_t))
1425 return PL_laststatval;
1427 SV* const sv = TOPs;
1430 if ((gv = MAYBE_DEREF_GV_flags(sv,flags))) {
1433 else if (SvROK(sv) && SvTYPE(SvRV(sv)) == SVt_PVIO) {
1434 io = MUTABLE_IO(SvRV(sv));
1436 goto do_fstat_have_io;
1439 s = SvPV_flags_const(sv, len, flags);
1441 sv_setpvn(PL_statname, s, len);
1442 s = SvPVX_const(PL_statname); /* s now NUL-terminated */
1443 PL_laststype = OP_STAT;
1444 PL_laststatval = PerlLIO_stat(s, &PL_statcache);
1445 if (PL_laststatval < 0 && ckWARN(WARN_NEWLINE) && should_warn_nl(s)) {
1446 GCC_DIAG_IGNORE(-Wformat-nonliteral); /* PL_warn_nl is constant */
1447 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_NEWLINE), PL_warn_nl, "stat");
1450 return PL_laststatval;
1456 Perl_my_lstat_flags(pTHX_ const U32 flags)
1458 static const char* const no_prev_lstat = "The stat preceding -l _ wasn't an lstat";
1461 SV* const sv = TOPs;
1463 if (PL_op->op_flags & OPf_REF) {
1464 if (cGVOP_gv == PL_defgv) {
1465 if (PL_laststype != OP_LSTAT)
1466 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s", no_prev_lstat);
1467 return PL_laststatval;
1469 PL_laststatval = -1;
1470 if (ckWARN(WARN_IO)) {
1471 /* diag_listed_as: Use of -l on filehandle%s */
1472 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_IO),
1473 "Use of -l on filehandle %"HEKf,
1474 HEKfARG(GvENAME_HEK(cGVOP_gv)));
1478 if ((PL_op->op_private & (OPpFT_STACKED|OPpFT_AFTER_t))
1480 if (PL_laststype != OP_LSTAT)
1481 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s", no_prev_lstat);
1482 return PL_laststatval;
1485 PL_laststype = OP_LSTAT;
1487 if ( ( (SvROK(sv) && ( isGV_with_GP(SvRV(sv))
1488 || (isio = SvTYPE(SvRV(sv)) == SVt_PVIO) )
1492 && ckWARN(WARN_IO)) {
1494 /* diag_listed_as: Use of -l on filehandle%s */
1495 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_IO),
1496 "Use of -l on filehandle");
1498 /* diag_listed_as: Use of -l on filehandle%s */
1499 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_IO),
1500 "Use of -l on filehandle %"HEKf,
1501 HEKfARG(GvENAME_HEK((const GV *)
1502 (SvROK(sv) ? SvRV(sv) : sv))));
1504 file = SvPV_flags_const_nolen(sv, flags);
1505 sv_setpv(PL_statname,file);
1506 PL_laststatval = PerlLIO_lstat(file,&PL_statcache);
1507 if (PL_laststatval < 0 && ckWARN(WARN_NEWLINE) && should_warn_nl(file)) {
1508 GCC_DIAG_IGNORE(-Wformat-nonliteral); /* PL_warn_nl is constant */
1509 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_NEWLINE), PL_warn_nl, "lstat");
1512 return PL_laststatval;
1516 S_exec_failed(pTHX_ const char *cmd, int fd, int do_report)
1518 const int e = errno;
1519 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_EXEC_FAILED;
1520 if (ckWARN(WARN_EXEC))
1521 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_EXEC), "Can't exec \"%s\": %s",
1524 /* XXX silently ignore failures */
1525 PERL_UNUSED_RESULT(PerlLIO_write(fd, (void*)&e, sizeof(int)));
1531 Perl_do_aexec5(pTHX_ SV *really, SV **mark, SV **sp,
1532 int fd, int do_report)
1535 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_DO_AEXEC5;
1536 #if defined(__SYMBIAN32__) || defined(__LIBCATAMOUNT__)
1537 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "exec? I'm not *that* kind of operating system");
1541 const char *tmps = NULL;
1542 Newx(PL_Argv, sp - mark + 1, const char*);
1545 while (++mark <= sp) {
1547 *a++ = SvPV_nolen_const(*mark);
1553 tmps = SvPV_nolen_const(really);
1554 if ((!really && *PL_Argv[0] != '/') ||
1555 (really && *tmps != '/')) /* will execvp use PATH? */
1556 TAINT_ENV(); /* testing IFS here is overkill, probably */
1558 if (really && *tmps)
1559 PerlProc_execvp(tmps,EXEC_ARGV_CAST(PL_Argv));
1561 PerlProc_execvp(PL_Argv[0],EXEC_ARGV_CAST(PL_Argv));
1563 S_exec_failed(aTHX_ (really ? tmps : PL_Argv[0]), fd, do_report);
1571 Perl_do_execfree(pTHX)
1579 #ifdef PERL_DEFAULT_DO_EXEC3_IMPLEMENTATION
1582 Perl_do_exec3(pTHX_ const char *incmd, int fd, int do_report)
1589 /* Make a copy so we can change it */
1590 const Size_t cmdlen = strlen(incmd) + 1;
1592 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_DO_EXEC3;
1594 Newx(buf, cmdlen, char);
1596 memcpy(cmd, incmd, cmdlen);
1598 while (*cmd && isSPACE(*cmd))
1601 /* save an extra exec if possible */
1605 char flags[PERL_FLAGS_MAX];
1606 if (strnEQ(cmd,PL_cshname,PL_cshlen) &&
1607 strnEQ(cmd+PL_cshlen," -c",3)) {
1608 my_strlcpy(flags, "-c", PERL_FLAGS_MAX);
1609 s = cmd+PL_cshlen+3;
1612 my_strlcat(flags, "f", PERL_FLAGS_MAX - 2);
1617 char * const ncmd = s;
1623 if (s[-1] == '\'') {
1626 PerlProc_execl(PL_cshname, "csh", flags, ncmd, (char*)NULL);
1629 S_exec_failed(aTHX_ PL_cshname, fd, do_report);
1638 /* see if there are shell metacharacters in it */
1640 if (*cmd == '.' && isSPACE(cmd[1]))
1643 if (strnEQ(cmd,"exec",4) && isSPACE(cmd[4]))
1647 while (isWORDCHAR(*s))
1648 s++; /* catch VAR=val gizmo */
1652 for (s = cmd; *s; s++) {
1653 if (*s != ' ' && !isALPHA(*s) &&
1654 strchr("$&*(){}[]'\";\\|?<>~`\n",*s)) {
1655 if (*s == '\n' && !s[1]) {
1659 /* handle the 2>&1 construct at the end */
1660 if (*s == '>' && s[1] == '&' && s[2] == '1'
1661 && s > cmd + 1 && s[-1] == '2' && isSPACE(s[-2])
1662 && (!s[3] || isSPACE(s[3])))
1664 const char *t = s + 3;
1666 while (*t && isSPACE(*t))
1668 if (!*t && (PerlLIO_dup2(1,2) != -1)) {
1675 PerlProc_execl(PL_sh_path, "sh", "-c", cmd, (char *)NULL);
1677 S_exec_failed(aTHX_ PL_sh_path, fd, do_report);
1683 Newx(PL_Argv, (s - cmd) / 2 + 2, const char*);
1684 PL_Cmd = savepvn(cmd, s-cmd);
1686 for (s = PL_Cmd; *s;) {
1691 while (*s && !isSPACE(*s))
1699 PerlProc_execvp(PL_Argv[0],EXEC_ARGV_CAST(PL_Argv));
1701 if (errno == ENOEXEC) { /* for system V NIH syndrome */
1705 S_exec_failed(aTHX_ PL_Argv[0], fd, do_report);
1712 #endif /* OS2 || WIN32 */
1715 #include <starlet.h> /* for sys$delprc */
1719 Perl_apply(pTHX_ I32 type, SV **mark, SV **sp)
1723 const char *const what = PL_op_name[type];
1726 SV ** const oldmark = mark;
1727 bool killgp = FALSE;
1729 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_APPLY;
1731 PERL_UNUSED_VAR(what); /* may not be used depending on compile options */
1733 /* Doing this ahead of the switch statement preserves the old behaviour,
1734 where attempting to use kill as a taint test test would fail on
1735 platforms where kill was not defined. */
1737 if (type == OP_KILL)
1738 Perl_die(aTHX_ PL_no_func, what);
1741 if (type == OP_CHOWN)
1742 Perl_die(aTHX_ PL_no_func, what);
1746 #define APPLY_TAINT_PROPER() \
1748 if (TAINT_get) { TAINT_PROPER(what); } \
1751 /* This is a first heuristic; it doesn't catch tainting magic. */
1753 while (++mark <= sp) {
1754 if (SvTAINTED(*mark)) {
1763 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1766 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1768 while (++mark <= sp) {
1770 if ((gv = MAYBE_DEREF_GV(*mark))) {
1771 if (GvIO(gv) && IoIFP(GvIOp(gv))) {
1773 int fd = PerlIO_fileno(IoIFP(GvIOn(gv)));
1774 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1776 SETERRNO(EBADF,RMS_IFI);
1778 } else if (fchmod(fd, val))
1781 Perl_die(aTHX_ PL_no_func, "fchmod");
1785 SETERRNO(EBADF,RMS_IFI);
1790 const char *name = SvPV_nomg_const(*mark, len);
1791 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1792 if (!IS_SAFE_PATHNAME(name, len, "chmod") ||
1793 PerlLIO_chmod(name, val)) {
1802 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1803 if (sp - mark > 2) {
1805 val = SvIVx(*++mark);
1806 val2 = SvIVx(*++mark);
1807 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1809 while (++mark <= sp) {
1811 if ((gv = MAYBE_DEREF_GV(*mark))) {
1812 if (GvIO(gv) && IoIFP(GvIOp(gv))) {
1814 int fd = PerlIO_fileno(IoIFP(GvIOn(gv)));
1815 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1817 SETERRNO(EBADF,RMS_IFI);
1819 } else if (fchown(fd, val, val2))
1822 Perl_die(aTHX_ PL_no_func, "fchown");
1826 SETERRNO(EBADF,RMS_IFI);
1831 const char *name = SvPV_nomg_const(*mark, len);
1832 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1833 if (!IS_SAFE_PATHNAME(name, len, "chown") ||
1834 PerlLIO_chown(name, val, val2)) {
1843 XXX Should we make lchown() directly available from perl?
1844 For now, we'll let Configure test for HAS_LCHOWN, but do
1845 nothing in the core.
1850 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1853 s = SvPVx_const(*++mark, len);
1854 if (*s == '-' && isALPHA(s[1]))
1861 if (*s == 'S' && s[1] == 'I' && s[2] == 'G') {
1865 if ((val = whichsig_pvn(s, len)) < 0)
1866 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Unrecognized signal name \"%"SVf"\"", SVfARG(*mark));
1877 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1880 /* kill() doesn't do process groups (job trees?) under VMS */
1881 if (val == SIGKILL) {
1882 /* Use native sys$delprc() to insure that target process is
1883 * deleted; supervisor-mode images don't pay attention to
1884 * CRTL's emulation of Unix-style signals and kill()
1886 while (++mark <= sp) {
1888 unsigned long int __vmssts;
1890 if (!(SvIOK(*mark) || SvNOK(*mark) || looks_like_number(*mark)))
1891 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't kill a non-numeric process ID");
1892 proc = SvIV_nomg(*mark);
1893 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1894 if (!((__vmssts = sys$delprc(&proc,0)) & 1)) {
1898 case SS$_NOSUCHNODE:
1899 SETERRNO(ESRCH,__vmssts);
1902 SETERRNO(EPERM,__vmssts);
1905 SETERRNO(EVMSERR,__vmssts);
1913 while (++mark <= sp) {
1916 if (!(SvNIOK(*mark) || looks_like_number(*mark)))
1917 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't kill a non-numeric process ID");
1918 proc = SvIV_nomg(*mark);
1919 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1921 /* use killpg in preference, as the killpg() wrapper for Win32
1922 * understands process groups, but the kill() wrapper doesn't */
1923 if (killgp ? PerlProc_killpg(proc, val)
1924 : PerlProc_kill(proc, val))
1926 if (PerlProc_kill(killgp ? -proc: proc, val))
1934 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1936 while (++mark <= sp) {
1937 s = SvPV_const(*mark, len);
1938 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1939 if (!IS_SAFE_PATHNAME(s, len, "unlink")) {
1942 else if (PL_unsafe) {
1946 else { /* don't let root wipe out directories without -U */
1947 if (PerlLIO_lstat(s,&PL_statbuf) < 0)
1949 else if (S_ISDIR(PL_statbuf.st_mode)) {
1951 SETERRNO(EISDIR, SS_NOPRIV);
1960 #if defined(HAS_UTIME) || defined(HAS_FUTIMES)
1962 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1963 if (sp - mark > 2) {
1964 #if defined(HAS_FUTIMES)
1965 struct timeval utbuf[2];
1966 void *utbufp = utbuf;
1967 #elif defined(I_UTIME) || defined(VMS)
1968 struct utimbuf utbuf;
1969 struct utimbuf *utbufp = &utbuf;
1975 void *utbufp = &utbuf;
1978 SV* const accessed = *++mark;
1979 SV* const modified = *++mark;
1981 /* Be like C, and if both times are undefined, let the C
1982 * library figure out what to do. This usually means
1983 * "current time". */
1985 if ( accessed == &PL_sv_undef && modified == &PL_sv_undef )
1988 Zero(&utbuf, sizeof utbuf, char);
1990 utbuf[0].tv_sec = (long)SvIV(accessed); /* time accessed */
1991 utbuf[0].tv_usec = 0;
1992 utbuf[1].tv_sec = (long)SvIV(modified); /* time modified */
1993 utbuf[1].tv_usec = 0;
1994 #elif defined(BIG_TIME)
1995 utbuf.actime = (Time_t)SvNV(accessed); /* time accessed */
1996 utbuf.modtime = (Time_t)SvNV(modified); /* time modified */
1998 utbuf.actime = (Time_t)SvIV(accessed); /* time accessed */
1999 utbuf.modtime = (Time_t)SvIV(modified); /* time modified */
2002 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
2004 while (++mark <= sp) {
2006 if ((gv = MAYBE_DEREF_GV(*mark))) {
2007 if (GvIO(gv) && IoIFP(GvIOp(gv))) {
2009 int fd = PerlIO_fileno(IoIFP(GvIOn(gv)));
2010 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
2012 SETERRNO(EBADF,RMS_IFI);
2014 } else if (futimes(fd, (struct timeval *) utbufp))
2017 Perl_die(aTHX_ PL_no_func, "futimes");
2025 const char * const name = SvPV_nomg_const(*mark, len);
2026 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
2027 if (!IS_SAFE_PATHNAME(name, len, "utime")) {
2032 if (utimes(name, (struct timeval *)utbufp))
2034 if (PerlLIO_utime(name, utbufp))
2048 #undef APPLY_TAINT_PROPER
2051 /* Do the permissions allow some operation? Assumes statcache already set. */
2052 #ifndef VMS /* VMS' cando is in vms.c */
2054 Perl_cando(pTHX_ Mode_t mode, bool effective, const Stat_t *statbufp)
2055 /* effective is a flag, true for EUID, or for checking if the effective gid
2056 * is in the list of groups returned from getgroups().
2059 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CANDO;
2060 PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
2063 /* [Comments and code from Len Reed]
2064 * MS-DOS "user" is similar to UNIX's "superuser," but can't write
2065 * to write-protected files. The execute permission bit is set
2066 * by the Microsoft C library stat() function for the following:
2071 * All files and directories are readable.
2072 * Directories and special files, e.g. "CON", cannot be
2074 * [Comment by Tom Dinger -- a directory can have the write-protect
2075 * bit set in the file system, but DOS permits changes to
2076 * the directory anyway. In addition, all bets are off
2077 * here for networked software, such as Novell and
2081 /* Atari stat() does pretty much the same thing. we set x_bit_set_in_stat
2082 * too so it will actually look into the files for magic numbers
2084 return (mode & statbufp->st_mode) ? TRUE : FALSE;
2086 #else /* ! DOSISH */
2088 if (ingroup(544,effective)) { /* member of Administrators */
2090 if ((effective ? PerlProc_geteuid() : PerlProc_getuid()) == 0) { /* root is special */
2092 if (mode == S_IXUSR) {
2093 if (statbufp->st_mode & 0111 || S_ISDIR(statbufp->st_mode))
2097 return TRUE; /* root reads and writes anything */
2100 if (statbufp->st_uid == (effective ? PerlProc_geteuid() : PerlProc_getuid()) ) {
2101 if (statbufp->st_mode & mode)
2102 return TRUE; /* ok as "user" */
2104 else if (ingroup(statbufp->st_gid,effective)) {
2105 if (statbufp->st_mode & mode >> 3)
2106 return TRUE; /* ok as "group" */
2108 else if (statbufp->st_mode & mode >> 6)
2109 return TRUE; /* ok as "other" */
2111 #endif /* ! DOSISH */
2116 S_ingroup(pTHX_ Gid_t testgid, bool effective)
2118 #ifndef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
2119 /* PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS like Win32: getegid() etc. require the context. */
2120 PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
2122 if (testgid == (effective ? PerlProc_getegid() : PerlProc_getgid()))
2124 #ifdef HAS_GETGROUPS
2126 Groups_t *gary = NULL;
2130 anum = getgroups(0, gary);
2132 Newx(gary, anum, Groups_t);
2133 anum = getgroups(anum, gary);
2135 if (gary[anum] == testgid) {
2149 #if defined(HAS_MSG) || defined(HAS_SEM) || defined(HAS_SHM)
2152 Perl_do_ipcget(pTHX_ I32 optype, SV **mark, SV **sp)
2154 const key_t key = (key_t)SvNVx(*++mark);
2155 SV *nsv = optype == OP_MSGGET ? NULL : *++mark;
2156 const I32 flags = SvIVx(*++mark);
2158 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_DO_IPCGET;
2159 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(sp);
2166 return msgget(key, flags);
2170 return semget(key, (int) SvIV(nsv), flags);
2174 return shmget(key, (size_t) SvUV(nsv), flags);
2176 #if !defined(HAS_MSG) || !defined(HAS_SEM) || !defined(HAS_SHM)
2178 /* diag_listed_as: msg%s not implemented */
2179 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s not implemented", PL_op_desc[optype]);
2182 return -1; /* should never happen */
2186 Perl_do_ipcctl(pTHX_ I32 optype, SV **mark, SV **sp)
2190 const I32 id = SvIVx(*++mark);
2192 const I32 n = (optype == OP_SEMCTL) ? SvIVx(*++mark) : 0;
2194 const I32 cmd = SvIVx(*++mark);
2195 SV * const astr = *++mark;
2196 STRLEN infosize = 0;
2197 I32 getinfo = (cmd == IPC_STAT);
2199 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_DO_IPCCTL;
2200 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(sp);
2206 if (cmd == IPC_STAT || cmd == IPC_SET)
2207 infosize = sizeof(struct msqid_ds);
2212 if (cmd == IPC_STAT || cmd == IPC_SET)
2213 infosize = sizeof(struct shmid_ds);
2219 if (cmd == IPC_STAT || cmd == IPC_SET)
2220 infosize = sizeof(struct semid_ds);
2221 else if (cmd == GETALL || cmd == SETALL)
2223 struct semid_ds semds;
2225 #ifdef EXTRA_F_IN_SEMUN_BUF
2226 semun.buff = &semds;
2230 getinfo = (cmd == GETALL);
2231 if (Semctl(id, 0, IPC_STAT, semun) == -1)
2233 infosize = semds.sem_nsems * sizeof(short);
2234 /* "short" is technically wrong but much more portable
2235 than guessing about u_?short(_t)? */
2238 /* diag_listed_as: sem%s not implemented */
2239 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s not implemented", PL_op_desc[optype]);
2243 #if !defined(HAS_MSG) || !defined(HAS_SEM) || !defined(HAS_SHM)
2245 /* diag_listed_as: shm%s not implemented */
2246 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s not implemented", PL_op_desc[optype]);
2254 SvPV_force_nolen(astr);
2255 a = SvGROW(astr, infosize+1);
2260 a = SvPV(astr, len);
2261 if (len != infosize)
2262 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad arg length for %s, is %lu, should be %ld",
2270 const IV i = SvIV(astr);
2271 a = INT2PTR(char *,i); /* ouch */
2278 ret = msgctl(id, cmd, (struct msqid_ds *)a);
2284 union semun unsemds;
2287 unsemds.val = PTR2nat(a);
2290 #ifdef EXTRA_F_IN_SEMUN_BUF
2291 unsemds.buff = (struct semid_ds *)a;
2293 unsemds.buf = (struct semid_ds *)a;
2296 ret = Semctl(id, n, cmd, unsemds);
2298 /* diag_listed_as: sem%s not implemented */
2299 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s not implemented", PL_op_desc[optype]);
2306 ret = shmctl(id, cmd, (struct shmid_ds *)a);
2310 if (getinfo && ret >= 0) {
2311 SvCUR_set(astr, infosize);
2312 *SvEND(astr) = '\0';
2319 Perl_do_msgsnd(pTHX_ SV **mark, SV **sp)
2323 const I32 id = SvIVx(*++mark);
2324 SV * const mstr = *++mark;
2325 const I32 flags = SvIVx(*++mark);
2326 const char * const mbuf = SvPV_const(mstr, len);
2327 const I32 msize = len - sizeof(long);
2329 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_DO_MSGSND;
2330 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(sp);
2333 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Arg too short for msgsnd");
2335 return msgsnd(id, (struct msgbuf *)mbuf, msize, flags);
2337 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(sp);
2338 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(mark);
2339 /* diag_listed_as: msg%s not implemented */
2340 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "msgsnd not implemented");
2346 Perl_do_msgrcv(pTHX_ SV **mark, SV **sp)
2351 I32 msize, flags, ret;
2352 const I32 id = SvIVx(*++mark);
2353 SV * const mstr = *++mark;
2355 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_DO_MSGRCV;
2356 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(sp);
2358 /* suppress warning when reading into undef var --jhi */
2360 sv_setpvs(mstr, "");
2361 msize = SvIVx(*++mark);
2362 mtype = (long)SvIVx(*++mark);
2363 flags = SvIVx(*++mark);
2364 SvPV_force_nolen(mstr);
2365 mbuf = SvGROW(mstr, sizeof(long)+msize+1);
2368 ret = msgrcv(id, (struct msgbuf *)mbuf, msize, mtype, flags);
2370 SvCUR_set(mstr, sizeof(long)+ret);
2371 *SvEND(mstr) = '\0';
2372 /* who knows who has been playing with this message? */
2377 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(sp);
2378 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(mark);
2379 /* diag_listed_as: msg%s not implemented */
2380 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "msgrcv not implemented");
2386 Perl_do_semop(pTHX_ SV **mark, SV **sp)
2390 const I32 id = SvIVx(*++mark);
2391 SV * const opstr = *++mark;
2392 const char * const opbuf = SvPV_const(opstr, opsize);
2394 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_DO_SEMOP;
2395 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(sp);
2397 if (opsize < 3 * SHORTSIZE
2398 || (opsize % (3 * SHORTSIZE))) {
2399 SETERRNO(EINVAL,LIB_INVARG);
2403 /* We can't assume that sizeof(struct sembuf) == 3 * sizeof(short). */
2405 const int nsops = opsize / (3 * sizeof (short));
2407 short * const ops = (short *) opbuf;
2409 struct sembuf *temps, *t;
2412 Newx (temps, nsops, struct sembuf);
2420 result = semop(id, temps, nsops);
2425 /* diag_listed_as: sem%s not implemented */
2426 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "semop not implemented");
2431 Perl_do_shmio(pTHX_ I32 optype, SV **mark, SV **sp)
2435 struct shmid_ds shmds;
2436 const I32 id = SvIVx(*++mark);
2437 SV * const mstr = *++mark;
2438 const I32 mpos = SvIVx(*++mark);
2439 const I32 msize = SvIVx(*++mark);
2441 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_DO_SHMIO;
2442 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(sp);
2445 if (shmctl(id, IPC_STAT, &shmds) == -1)
2447 if (mpos < 0 || msize < 0
2448 || (size_t)mpos + msize > (size_t)shmds.shm_segsz) {
2449 SETERRNO(EFAULT,SS_ACCVIO); /* can't do as caller requested */
2452 shm = (char *)shmat(id, NULL, (optype == OP_SHMREAD) ? SHM_RDONLY : 0);
2453 if (shm == (char *)-1) /* I hate System V IPC, I really do */
2455 if (optype == OP_SHMREAD) {
2457 /* suppress warning when reading into undef var (tchrist 3/Mar/00) */
2459 SvUPGRADE(mstr, SVt_PV);
2461 sv_setpvs(mstr, "");
2463 mbuf = SvGROW(mstr, (STRLEN)msize+1);
2465 Copy(shm + mpos, mbuf, msize, char);
2466 SvCUR_set(mstr, msize);
2467 *SvEND(mstr) = '\0';
2469 /* who knows who has been playing with this shared memory? */
2475 const char *mbuf = SvPV_const(mstr, len);
2476 const I32 n = ((I32)len > msize) ? msize : (I32)len;
2477 Copy(mbuf, shm + mpos, n, char);
2479 memzero(shm + mpos + n, msize - n);
2483 /* diag_listed_as: shm%s not implemented */
2484 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "shm I/O not implemented");
2489 #endif /* SYSV IPC */
2494 =for apidoc start_glob
2496 Function called by C<do_readline> to spawn a glob (or do the glob inside
2497 perl on VMS). This code used to be inline, but now perl uses C<File::Glob>
2498 this glob starter is only used by miniperl during the build process.
2499 Moving it away shrinks pp_hot.c; shrinking pp_hot.c helps speed perl up.
2505 Perl_start_glob (pTHX_ SV *tmpglob, IO *io)
2507 SV * const tmpcmd = newSV(0);
2510 const char *s = SvPV(tmpglob, len);
2512 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_START_GLOB;
2514 if (!IS_SAFE_SYSCALL(s, len, "pattern", "glob"))
2519 #ifdef VMS /* expand the wildcards right here, rather than opening a pipe, */
2520 /* since spawning off a process is a real performance hit */
2527 fp = Perl_vms_start_glob(aTHX_ tmpglob, io);
2532 sv_setpv(tmpcmd, "for a in ");
2533 sv_catsv(tmpcmd, tmpglob);
2534 sv_catpv(tmpcmd, "; do echo \"$a\\0\\c\"; done |");
2537 sv_setpv(tmpcmd, "/dev/dosglob/"); /* File System Extension */
2538 sv_catsv(tmpcmd, tmpglob);
2540 sv_setpv(tmpcmd, "perlglob ");
2541 sv_catsv(tmpcmd, tmpglob);
2542 sv_catpv(tmpcmd, " |");
2547 sv_setpvn(tmpcmd, PL_cshname, PL_cshlen);
2548 sv_catpv(tmpcmd, " -cf 'set nonomatch; glob ");
2549 sv_catsv(tmpcmd, tmpglob);
2550 sv_catpv(tmpcmd, "' 2>/dev/null |");
2552 sv_setpv(tmpcmd, "echo ");
2553 sv_catsv(tmpcmd, tmpglob);
2554 sv_catpv(tmpcmd, "|tr -s ' \t\f\r' '\\n\\n\\n\\n'|");
2556 #endif /* !DOSISH */
2558 GV * const envgv = gv_fetchpvs("ENV", 0, SVt_PVHV);
2559 SV ** const home = hv_fetchs(GvHV(envgv), "HOME", 0);
2560 SV ** const path = hv_fetchs(GvHV(envgv), "PATH", 0);
2561 if (home && *home) SvGETMAGIC(*home);
2562 if (path && *path) SvGETMAGIC(*path);
2563 save_hash(gv_fetchpvs("ENV", 0, SVt_PVHV));
2564 if (home && *home) SvSETMAGIC(*home);
2565 if (path && *path) SvSETMAGIC(*path);
2567 (void)do_open6(PL_last_in_gv, SvPVX_const(tmpcmd), SvCUR(tmpcmd),
2573 if (!fp && ckWARN(WARN_GLOB)) {
2574 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_GLOB), "glob failed (can't start child: %s)",
2583 * c-indentation-style: bsd
2585 * indent-tabs-mode: nil
2588 * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 et: