4 * Copyright (C) 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001
5 * 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012
6 * 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022
7 * by Larry Wall and others
9 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
10 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
15 * A ship then new they built for him
16 * of mithril and of elven-glass
17 * --from Bilbo's song of EƤrendil
19 * [p.236 of _The Lord of the Rings_, II/i: "Many Meetings"]
22 /* This file contains the top-level functions that are used to create, use
23 * and destroy a perl interpreter, plus the functions used by XS code to
24 * call back into perl. Note that it does not contain the actual main()
25 * function of the interpreter; that can be found in perlmain.c
27 * Note that at build time this file is also linked to as perlmini.c,
28 * and perlmini.o is then built with PERL_IS_MINIPERL defined, which is
29 * then used to create the miniperl executable, rather than perl.o.
32 #if defined(PERL_IS_MINIPERL) && !defined(USE_SITECUSTOMIZE)
33 # define USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
37 #define PERL_IN_PERL_C
39 #include "patchlevel.h" /* for local_patches */
42 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
49 char control[CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(int))];
62 static I32 read_e_script(pTHX_ int idx, SV *buf_sv, int maxlen);
64 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
65 # define validate_suid(rsfp) NOOP
67 # define validate_suid(rsfp) S_validate_suid(aTHX_ rsfp)
70 #define CALL_BODY_SUB(myop) \
71 if (PL_op == (myop)) \
72 PL_op = PL_ppaddr[OP_ENTERSUB](aTHX); \
76 #define CALL_LIST_BODY(cv) \
77 PUSHMARK(PL_stack_sp); \
78 call_sv(MUTABLE_SV((cv)), G_EVAL|G_DISCARD|G_VOID);
81 S_init_tls_and_interp(PerlInterpreter *my_perl)
84 PERL_SET_INTERP(my_perl);
85 #if defined(USE_ITHREADS)
88 PERL_SET_THX(my_perl);
91 KEYWORD_PLUGIN_MUTEX_INIT;
96 MUTEX_INIT(&PL_dollarzero_mutex);
97 MUTEX_INIT(&PL_my_ctx_mutex);
100 #if defined(USE_ITHREADS)
103 /* This always happens for non-ithreads */
106 PERL_SET_THX(my_perl);
111 /* these implement the PERL_SYS_INIT, PERL_SYS_INIT3, PERL_SYS_TERM macros */
114 Perl_sys_init(int* argc, char*** argv)
117 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_SYS_INIT;
119 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(argc); /* may not be used depending on _BODY macro */
120 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(argv);
121 PERL_SYS_INIT_BODY(argc, argv);
125 Perl_sys_init3(int* argc, char*** argv, char*** env)
128 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_SYS_INIT3;
130 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(argc); /* may not be used depending on _BODY macro */
131 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(argv);
132 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(env);
133 PERL_SYS_INIT3_BODY(argc, argv, env);
139 if (!PL_veto_cleanup) {
140 PERL_SYS_TERM_BODY();
145 #ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
147 perl_alloc_using(struct IPerlMem* ipM, struct IPerlMem* ipMS,
148 struct IPerlMem* ipMP, struct IPerlEnv* ipE,
149 struct IPerlStdIO* ipStd, struct IPerlLIO* ipLIO,
150 struct IPerlDir* ipD, struct IPerlSock* ipS,
151 struct IPerlProc* ipP)
153 PerlInterpreter *my_perl;
155 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_PERL_ALLOC_USING;
157 /* Newx() needs interpreter, so call malloc() instead */
158 my_perl = (PerlInterpreter*)(*ipM->pCalloc)(ipM, 1, sizeof(PerlInterpreter));
159 S_init_tls_and_interp(my_perl);
169 INIT_TRACK_MEMPOOL(PL_memory_debug_header, my_perl);
176 =for apidoc_section $embedding
178 =for apidoc perl_alloc
180 Allocates a new Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
188 PerlInterpreter *my_perl = (PerlInterpreter*)PerlMem_calloc(1, sizeof(PerlInterpreter));
190 S_init_tls_and_interp(my_perl);
191 INIT_TRACK_MEMPOOL(PL_memory_debug_header, my_perl);
194 #endif /* PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS */
197 =for apidoc perl_construct
199 Initializes a new Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
205 perl_construct(pTHXx)
208 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_PERL_CONSTRUCT;
212 PL_perl_destruct_level = 1;
214 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(my_perl);
215 if (PL_perl_destruct_level > 0)
218 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling; /* needed by ckWARN, right away */
220 #ifdef PERL_TRACE_OPS
221 Zero(PL_op_exec_cnt, OP_max+2, UV);
226 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_placeholder);
227 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_placeholder) = SvREFCNT_IMMORTAL;
229 PL_sighandlerp = Perl_sighandler;
230 PL_sighandler1p = Perl_sighandler1;
231 PL_sighandler3p = Perl_sighandler3;
233 #ifdef PERL_USES_PL_PIDSTATUS
234 PL_pidstatus = newHV();
237 PL_rs = newSVpvs("\n");
241 /* The PERL_INTERNAL_RAND_SEED set-up must be after init_stacks because it calls
242 * things that may put SVs on the stack.
245 #ifdef NO_PERL_INTERNAL_RAND_SEED
246 Perl_drand48_init_r(&PL_internal_random_state, seed());
251 if (PerlProc_getuid() != PerlProc_geteuid() ||
252 PerlProc_getgid() != PerlProc_getegid() ||
253 !(env_pv = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_INTERNAL_RAND_SEED")) ||
254 grok_number(env_pv, strlen(env_pv), &seed) != IS_NUMBER_IN_UV) {
257 Perl_drand48_init_r(&PL_internal_random_state, (U32)seed);
267 (void) uvchr_to_utf8_flags((U8 *) PL_TR_SPECIAL_HANDLING_UTF8,
269 UNICODE_ALLOW_ABOVE_IV_MAX);
271 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
272 PL_localpatches = local_patches; /* For possible -v */
275 #if defined(LIBM_LIB_VERSION)
277 * Some BSDs and Cygwin default to POSIX math instead of IEEE.
278 * This switches them over to IEEE.
280 _LIB_VERSION = _IEEE_;
283 #ifdef HAVE_INTERP_INTERN
287 PerlIO_init(aTHX); /* Hook to IO system */
289 PL_fdpid = newAV(); /* for remembering popen pids by fd */
290 PL_modglobal = newHV(); /* pointers to per-interpreter module globals */
291 PL_errors = newSVpvs("");
292 SvPVCLEAR(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(0)); /* For regex debugging. */
293 SvPVCLEAR(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(1)); /* ext/re needs these */
294 SvPVCLEAR(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(2)); /* even without DEBUGGING. */
296 /* First entry is a list of empty elements. It needs to be initialised
297 else all hell breaks loose in S_find_uninit_var(). */
298 Perl_av_create_and_push(aTHX_ &PL_regex_padav, newSVpvs(""));
299 PL_regex_pad = AvARRAY(PL_regex_padav);
300 Newxz(PL_stashpad, PL_stashpadmax, HV *);
302 #ifdef USE_REENTRANT_API
303 Perl_reentrant_init(aTHX);
305 if (PL_hash_seed_set == FALSE) {
306 /* Initialize the hash seed and state at startup. This must be
307 * done very early, before ANY hashes are constructed, and once
308 * setup is fixed for the lifetime of the process.
310 * If you decide to disable the seeding process you should choose
311 * a suitable seed yourself and define PERL_HASH_SEED to a well chosen
312 * string. See hv_func.h for details.
314 #if defined(USE_HASH_SEED)
315 /* get the hash seed from the environment or from an RNG */
316 Perl_get_hash_seed(aTHX_ PL_hash_seed);
318 /* they want a hard coded seed, check that it is long enough */
319 assert( strlen(PERL_HASH_SEED) >= PERL_HASH_SEED_BYTES );
322 /* now we use the chosen seed to initialize the state -
323 * in some configurations this may be a relatively speaking
324 * expensive operation, but we only have to do it once at startup */
325 PERL_HASH_SEED_STATE(PERL_HASH_SEED,PL_hash_state);
327 #ifdef PERL_USE_SINGLE_CHAR_HASH_CACHE
328 /* we can build a special cache for 0/1 byte keys, if people choose
329 * I suspect most of the time it is not worth it */
333 for (i=0;i<256;i++) {
335 PERL_HASH_WITH_STATE(PL_hash_state,PL_hash_chars[i],str,1);
337 PERL_HASH_WITH_STATE(PL_hash_state,PL_hash_chars[256],str,0);
340 /* at this point we have initialezed the hash function, and we can start
341 * constructing hashes */
342 PL_hash_seed_set= TRUE;
345 /* Allow PL_strtab to be pre-initialized before calling perl_construct.
346 * can use a custom optimized PL_strtab hash before calling perl_construct */
348 /* Note that strtab is a rather special HV. Assumptions are made
349 about not iterating on it, and not adding tie magic to it.
350 It is properly deallocated in perl_destruct() */
353 /* SHAREKEYS tells us that the hash has its keys shared with PL_strtab,
354 * which is not the case with PL_strtab itself */
355 HvSHAREKEYS_off(PL_strtab); /* mandatory */
356 hv_ksplit(PL_strtab, 1 << 11);
359 Zero(PL_sv_consts, SV_CONSTS_COUNT, SV*);
362 # ifdef USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY
363 PL_origenviron = environ;
367 /* Use sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK) if available, if not
368 * available or if the sysconf() fails, use the HZ.
369 * The HZ if not originally defined has been by now
370 * been defined as CLK_TCK, if available. */
371 #if defined(HAS_SYSCONF) && defined(_SC_CLK_TCK)
372 PL_clocktick = sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK);
373 if (PL_clocktick <= 0)
377 PL_stashcache = newHV();
379 PL_patchlevel = newSVpvs("v" PERL_VERSION_STRING);
382 if (!PL_mmap_page_size) {
383 #if defined(HAS_SYSCONF) && (defined(_SC_PAGESIZE) || defined(_SC_MMAP_PAGE_SIZE))
385 SETERRNO(0, SS_NORMAL);
387 PL_mmap_page_size = sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE);
389 PL_mmap_page_size = sysconf(_SC_MMAP_PAGE_SIZE);
391 if ((long) PL_mmap_page_size < 0) {
392 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: sysconf: %s",
393 errno ? Strerror(errno) : "pagesize unknown");
396 #elif defined(HAS_GETPAGESIZE)
397 PL_mmap_page_size = getpagesize();
398 #elif defined(I_SYS_PARAM) && defined(PAGESIZE)
399 PL_mmap_page_size = PAGESIZE; /* compiletime, bad */
401 if (PL_mmap_page_size <= 0)
402 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: bad pagesize %" IVdf,
403 (IV) PL_mmap_page_size);
405 #endif /* HAS_MMAP */
407 PL_osname = Perl_savepvn(aTHX_ STR_WITH_LEN(OSNAME));
409 PL_registered_mros = newHV();
410 /* Start with 1 bucket, for DFS. It's unlikely we'll need more. */
411 HvMAX(PL_registered_mros) = 0;
413 #ifdef USE_POSIX_2008_LOCALE
414 PL_C_locale_obj = newlocale(LC_ALL_MASK, "C", NULL);
422 =for apidoc nothreadhook
424 Stub that provides thread hook for perl_destruct when there are
431 Perl_nothreadhook(pTHX)
437 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
439 Perl_dump_sv_child(pTHX_ SV *sv)
442 const int sock = PL_dumper_fd;
443 const int debug_fd = PerlIO_fileno(Perl_debug_log);
444 union control_un control;
447 struct cmsghdr *cmptr;
449 unsigned char buffer[256];
451 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_DUMP_SV_CHILD;
453 if(sock == -1 || debug_fd == -1)
456 PerlIO_flush(Perl_debug_log);
458 /* All these shenanigans are to pass a file descriptor over to our child for
459 it to dump out to. We can't let it hold open the file descriptor when it
460 forks, as the file descriptor it will dump to can turn out to be one end
461 of pipe that some other process will wait on for EOF. (So as it would
462 be open, the wait would be forever.) */
464 msg.msg_control = control.control;
465 msg.msg_controllen = sizeof(control.control);
466 /* We're a connected socket so we don't need a destination */
472 cmptr = CMSG_FIRSTHDR(&msg);
473 cmptr->cmsg_len = CMSG_LEN(sizeof(int));
474 cmptr->cmsg_level = SOL_SOCKET;
475 cmptr->cmsg_type = SCM_RIGHTS;
476 *((int *)CMSG_DATA(cmptr)) = 1;
478 vec[0].iov_base = (void*)&sv;
479 vec[0].iov_len = sizeof(sv);
480 got = sendmsg(sock, &msg, 0);
483 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent sendmsg failed");
486 if(got < sizeof(sv)) {
487 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent short sendmsg");
491 /* Return protocol is
493 unsigned char: length of location string (0 for empty)
494 unsigned char*: string (not terminated)
496 vec[0].iov_base = (void*)&returned_errno;
497 vec[0].iov_len = sizeof(returned_errno);
498 vec[1].iov_base = buffer;
501 got = readv(sock, vec, 2);
504 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent read failed");
505 PerlIO_flush(PerlIO_stderr());
508 if(got < sizeof(returned_errno) + 1) {
509 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent short read");
510 PerlIO_flush(PerlIO_stderr());
515 got = read(sock, buffer + 1, *buffer);
517 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent read 2 failed");
518 PerlIO_flush(PerlIO_stderr());
523 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent short read 2");
524 PerlIO_flush(PerlIO_stderr());
529 if (returned_errno || *buffer) {
530 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "Debug leaking scalars child failed%s%.*s with errno"
531 " %d: %s", (*buffer ? " at " : ""), (int) *buffer, buffer + 1,
532 returned_errno, Strerror(returned_errno));
538 =for apidoc perl_destruct
540 Shuts down a Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed> for a tutorial.
542 C<my_perl> points to the Perl interpreter. It must have been previously
543 created through the use of L</perl_alloc> and L</perl_construct>. It may
544 have been initialised through L</perl_parse>, and may have been used
545 through L</perl_run> and other means. This function should be called for
546 any Perl interpreter that has been constructed with L</perl_construct>,
547 even if subsequent operations on it failed, for example if L</perl_parse>
548 returned a non-zero value.
550 If the interpreter's C<PL_exit_flags> word has the
551 C<PERL_EXIT_DESTRUCT_END> flag set, then this function will execute code
552 in C<END> blocks before performing the rest of destruction. If it is
553 desired to make any use of the interpreter between L</perl_parse> and
554 L</perl_destruct> other than just calling L</perl_run>, then this flag
555 should be set early on. This matters if L</perl_run> will not be called,
556 or if anything else will be done in addition to calling L</perl_run>.
558 Returns a value be a suitable value to pass to the C library function
559 C<exit> (or to return from C<main>), to serve as an exit code indicating
560 the nature of the way the interpreter terminated. This takes into account
561 any failure of L</perl_parse> and any early exit from L</perl_run>.
562 The exit code is of the type required by the host operating system,
563 so because of differing exit code conventions it is not portable to
564 interpret specific numeric values as having specific meanings.
572 volatile signed char destruct_level; /* see possible values in intrpvar.h */
574 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
579 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_PERL_DESTRUCT;
581 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(my_perl);
584 assert(PL_scopestack_ix == 1);
586 /* wait for all pseudo-forked children to finish */
587 PERL_WAIT_FOR_CHILDREN;
589 destruct_level = PL_perl_destruct_level;
591 const char * const s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL");
594 if (strEQ(s, "-1")) { /* Special case: modperl folklore. */
598 if (grok_atoUV(s, &uv, NULL) && uv <= INT_MAX)
603 if (destruct_level < i) destruct_level = i;
604 #ifdef PERL_TRACK_MEMPOOL
605 /* RT #114496, for perl_free */
606 PL_perl_destruct_level = i;
611 if (PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_DESTRUCT_END) {
617 if (PL_endav && !PL_minus_c) {
618 PERL_SET_PHASE(PERL_PHASE_END);
619 call_list(PL_scopestack_ix, PL_endav);
625 assert(PL_scopestack_ix == 0);
627 /* normally when we get here, PL_parser should be null due to having
628 * its original (null) value restored by SAVEt_PARSER during leaving
629 * scope (usually before run-time starts in fact).
630 * But if a thread is created within a BEGIN block, the parser is
631 * duped, but the SAVEt_PARSER savestack entry isn't. So PL_parser
632 * never gets cleaned up.
633 * Clean it up here instead. This is a bit of a hack.
636 /* stop parser_free() stomping on PL_curcop */
637 PL_parser->saved_curcop = PL_curcop;
638 parser_free(PL_parser);
642 /* Need to flush since END blocks can produce output */
643 /* flush stdout separately, since we can identify it */
646 PerlIO *stdo = PerlIO_stdout();
647 if (*stdo && PerlIO_flush(stdo)) {
648 PerlIO_restore_errno(stdo);
650 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stderr(), "Unable to flush stdout: %s\n",
659 #ifdef PERL_TRACE_OPS
660 /* dump OP-counts if $ENV{PERL_TRACE_OPS} > 0 */
662 const char * const ptoenv = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_TRACE_OPS");
665 if (!ptoenv || !Perl_grok_atoUV(ptoenv, &uv, NULL)
669 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "Trace of all OPs executed:\n");
670 for (i = 0; i <= OP_max; ++i) {
671 if (PL_op_exec_cnt[i])
672 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, " %s: %" UVuf "\n", PL_op_name[i], PL_op_exec_cnt[i]);
674 /* Utility slot for easily doing little tracing experiments in the runloop: */
675 if (PL_op_exec_cnt[OP_max+1] != 0)
676 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, " SPECIAL: %" UVuf "\n", PL_op_exec_cnt[OP_max+1]);
677 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "\n");
682 if (PL_threadhook(aTHX)) {
683 /* Threads hook has vetoed further cleanup */
684 PL_veto_cleanup = TRUE;
688 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
689 if (destruct_level != 0) {
690 /* Fork here to create a child. Our child's job is to preserve the
691 state of scalars prior to destruction, so that we can instruct it
692 to dump any scalars that we later find have leaked.
693 There's no subtlety in this code - it assumes POSIX, and it doesn't
697 if(PerlSock_socketpair_cloexec(AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0, fd)) {
698 perror("Debug leaking scalars socketpair failed");
704 perror("Debug leaking scalars fork failed");
708 /* We are the child */
709 const int sock = fd[1];
710 const int debug_fd = PerlIO_fileno(Perl_debug_log);
713 /* Our success message is an integer 0, and a char 0 */
714 static const char success[sizeof(int) + 1] = {0};
718 /* We need to close all other file descriptors otherwise we end up
719 with interesting hangs, where the parent closes its end of a
720 pipe, and sits waiting for (another) child to terminate. Only
721 that child never terminates, because it never gets EOF, because
722 we also have the far end of the pipe open. We even need to
723 close the debugging fd, because sometimes it happens to be one
724 end of a pipe, and a process is waiting on the other end for
725 EOF. Normally it would be closed at some point earlier in
726 destruction, but if we happen to cause the pipe to remain open,
727 EOF never occurs, and we get an infinite hang. Hence all the
728 games to pass in a file descriptor if it's actually needed. */
730 f = sysconf(_SC_OPEN_MAX);
732 where = "sysconf failed";
743 union control_un control;
746 struct cmsghdr *cmptr;
750 msg.msg_control = control.control;
751 msg.msg_controllen = sizeof(control.control);
752 /* We're a connected socket so we don't need a source */
756 msg.msg_iovlen = C_ARRAY_LENGTH(vec);
758 vec[0].iov_base = (void*)⌖
759 vec[0].iov_len = sizeof(target);
761 got = recvmsg(sock, &msg, 0);
766 where = "recv failed";
769 if(got < sizeof(target)) {
770 where = "short recv";
774 if(!(cmptr = CMSG_FIRSTHDR(&msg))) {
778 if(cmptr->cmsg_len != CMSG_LEN(sizeof(int))) {
779 where = "wrong cmsg_len";
782 if(cmptr->cmsg_level != SOL_SOCKET) {
783 where = "wrong cmsg_level";
786 if(cmptr->cmsg_type != SCM_RIGHTS) {
787 where = "wrong cmsg_type";
791 got_fd = *(int*)CMSG_DATA(cmptr);
792 /* For our last little bit of trickery, put the file descriptor
793 back into Perl_debug_log, as if we never actually closed it
795 if(got_fd != debug_fd) {
796 if (PerlLIO_dup2_cloexec(got_fd, debug_fd) == -1) {
803 PerlIO_flush(Perl_debug_log);
805 got = write(sock, &success, sizeof(success));
808 where = "write failed";
811 if(got < sizeof(success)) {
812 where = "short write";
819 int send_errno = errno;
820 unsigned char length = (unsigned char) strlen(where);
821 struct iovec failure[3] = {
822 {(void*)&send_errno, sizeof(send_errno)},
824 {(void*)where, length}
826 int got = writev(sock, failure, 3);
827 /* Bad news travels fast. Faster than data. We'll get a SIGPIPE
828 in the parent if we try to read from the socketpair after the
829 child has exited, even if there was data to read.
830 So sleep a bit to give the parent a fighting chance of
833 _exit((got == -1) ? errno : 0);
837 PL_dumper_fd = fd[0];
842 /* We must account for everything. */
844 /* Destroy the main CV and syntax tree */
845 /* Set PL_curcop now, because destroying ops can cause new SVs
846 to be generated in Perl_pad_swipe, and when running with
847 -DDEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS they expect PL_curcop to point to a valid
848 op from which the filename structure member is copied. */
849 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
851 /* ensure comppad/curpad to refer to main's pad */
852 if (CvPADLIST(PL_main_cv)) {
853 PAD_SET_CUR_NOSAVE(CvPADLIST(PL_main_cv), 1);
854 PL_comppad_name = PadlistNAMES(CvPADLIST(PL_main_cv));
856 op_free(PL_main_root);
859 PL_main_start = NULL;
860 /* note that PL_main_cv isn't usually actually freed at this point,
861 * due to the CvOUTSIDE refs from subs compiled within it. It will
862 * get freed once all the subs are freed in sv_clean_all(), for
863 * destruct_level > 0 */
864 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_main_cv);
866 PERL_SET_PHASE(PERL_PHASE_DESTRUCT);
868 /* Tell PerlIO we are about to tear things apart in case
869 we have layers which are using resources that should
873 PerlIO_destruct(aTHX);
876 * Try to destruct global references. We do this first so that the
877 * destructors and destructees still exist. Some sv's might remain.
878 * Non-referenced objects are on their own.
882 /* unhook hooks which will soon be, or use, destroyed data */
883 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_warnhook);
885 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_diehook);
888 /* call exit list functions */
889 while (PL_exitlistlen-- > 0)
890 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].fn(aTHX_ PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].ptr);
892 Safefree(PL_exitlist);
897 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_registered_mros);
899 /* jettison our possibly duplicated environment */
900 /* if PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV is defined environ will not have been copied
901 * so we certainly shouldn't free it here
904 #if defined(USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY) && !defined(PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV)
905 if (environ != PL_origenviron && !PL_use_safe_putenv
907 /* only main thread can free environ[0] contents */
908 && PL_curinterp == aTHX
914 for (i = 0; environ[i]; i++)
915 safesysfree(environ[i]);
917 /* Must use safesysfree() when working with environ. */
918 safesysfree(environ);
920 environ = PL_origenviron;
923 #endif /* !PERL_MICRO */
925 if (destruct_level == 0) {
927 DEBUG_P(debprofdump());
929 #if defined(PERLIO_LAYERS)
930 /* No more IO - including error messages ! */
931 PerlIO_cleanup(aTHX);
934 CopFILE_free(&PL_compiling);
936 /* The exit() function will do everything that needs doing. */
940 /* Below, do clean up for when PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL is not 0 */
943 /* the syntax tree is shared between clones
944 * so op_free(PL_main_root) only ReREFCNT_dec's
945 * REGEXPs in the parent interpreter
946 * we need to manually ReREFCNT_dec for the clones
949 I32 i = AvFILLp(PL_regex_padav);
950 SV **ary = AvARRAY(PL_regex_padav);
953 SvREFCNT_dec(ary[i]);
954 ary[i] = &PL_sv_undef;
960 SvREFCNT_dec(MUTABLE_SV(PL_stashcache));
961 PL_stashcache = NULL;
963 /* loosen bonds of global variables */
965 /* XXX can PL_parser still be non-null here? */
966 if(PL_parser && PL_parser->rsfp) {
967 (void)PerlIO_close(PL_parser->rsfp);
968 PL_parser->rsfp = NULL;
972 Safefree(PL_splitstr);
982 PL_doswitches = FALSE;
983 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_OFF;
984 #ifdef PERL_SAWAMPERSAND
985 PL_sawampersand = 0; /* must save all match strings */
989 Safefree(PL_inplace);
991 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_patchlevel);
994 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
1000 /* magical thingies */
1002 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ofsgv); /* *, */
1005 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ors_sv); /* $\ */
1008 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rs); /* $/ */
1011 Safefree(PL_osname); /* $^O */
1014 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_statname);
1018 /* defgv, aka *_ should be taken care of elsewhere */
1021 Safefree(PL_efloatbuf);
1022 PL_efloatbuf = NULL;
1025 /* startup and shutdown function lists */
1026 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_beginav);
1027 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_beginav_save);
1028 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_endav);
1029 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_checkav);
1030 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_checkav_save);
1031 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_unitcheckav);
1032 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_unitcheckav_save);
1033 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_initav);
1035 PL_beginav_save = NULL;
1038 PL_checkav_save = NULL;
1039 PL_unitcheckav = NULL;
1040 PL_unitcheckav_save = NULL;
1043 /* shortcuts just get cleared */
1046 PL_argvoutgv = NULL;
1049 PL_last_in_gv = NULL;
1060 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_envgv);
1061 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_incgv);
1062 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_argvgv);
1063 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_replgv);
1064 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_DBgv);
1065 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_DBline);
1066 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_DBsub);
1075 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_argvout_stack);
1076 PL_argvout_stack = NULL;
1078 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_modglobal);
1079 PL_modglobal = NULL;
1080 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_preambleav);
1081 PL_preambleav = NULL;
1082 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_subname);
1084 #ifdef PERL_USES_PL_PIDSTATUS
1085 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_pidstatus);
1086 PL_pidstatus = NULL;
1088 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_toptarget);
1089 PL_toptarget = NULL;
1090 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_bodytarget);
1091 PL_bodytarget = NULL;
1092 PL_formtarget = NULL;
1094 /* free locale stuff */
1095 #ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE
1096 Safefree(PL_collation_name);
1097 PL_collation_name = NULL;
1099 #if defined(USE_POSIX_2008_LOCALE) \
1100 && defined(USE_THREAD_SAFE_LOCALE) \
1101 && ! defined(HAS_QUERYLOCALE)
1102 for (i = 0; i < (int) C_ARRAY_LENGTH(PL_curlocales); i++) {
1103 Safefree(PL_curlocales[i]);
1104 PL_curlocales[i] = NULL;
1107 #ifdef HAS_POSIX_2008_LOCALE
1109 /* This also makes sure we aren't using a locale object that gets freed
1111 const locale_t old_locale = uselocale(LC_GLOBAL_LOCALE);
1112 if ( old_locale != LC_GLOBAL_LOCALE
1113 # ifdef USE_POSIX_2008_LOCALE
1114 && old_locale != PL_C_locale_obj
1117 DEBUG_Lv(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
1118 "%s:%d: Freeing %p\n", __FILE__, __LINE__, old_locale));
1119 freelocale(old_locale);
1122 # ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC
1123 if (PL_underlying_numeric_obj) {
1124 DEBUG_Lv(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
1125 "%s:%d: Freeing %p\n", __FILE__, __LINE__,
1126 PL_underlying_numeric_obj));
1127 freelocale(PL_underlying_numeric_obj);
1128 PL_underlying_numeric_obj = (locale_t) NULL;
1132 #ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC
1133 Safefree(PL_numeric_name);
1134 PL_numeric_name = NULL;
1135 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_numeric_radix_sv);
1136 PL_numeric_radix_sv = NULL;
1139 if (PL_setlocale_buf) {
1140 Safefree(PL_setlocale_buf);
1141 PL_setlocale_buf = NULL;
1144 if (PL_langinfo_buf) {
1145 Safefree(PL_langinfo_buf);
1146 PL_langinfo_buf = NULL;
1149 #ifdef USE_LOCALE_CTYPE
1150 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_warn_locale);
1151 PL_warn_locale = NULL;
1154 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_AboveLatin1);
1155 PL_AboveLatin1 = NULL;
1156 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_Assigned_invlist);
1157 PL_Assigned_invlist = NULL;
1158 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_GCB_invlist);
1159 PL_GCB_invlist = NULL;
1160 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_HasMultiCharFold);
1161 PL_HasMultiCharFold = NULL;
1162 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_InMultiCharFold);
1163 PL_InMultiCharFold = NULL;
1164 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_Latin1);
1166 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_LB_invlist);
1167 PL_LB_invlist = NULL;
1168 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_SB_invlist);
1169 PL_SB_invlist = NULL;
1170 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_SCX_invlist);
1171 PL_SCX_invlist = NULL;
1172 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_UpperLatin1);
1173 PL_UpperLatin1 = NULL;
1174 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_in_some_fold);
1175 PL_in_some_fold = NULL;
1176 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_foldclosures);
1177 PL_utf8_foldclosures = NULL;
1178 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_idcont);
1179 PL_utf8_idcont = NULL;
1180 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_idstart);
1181 PL_utf8_idstart = NULL;
1182 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_perl_idcont);
1183 PL_utf8_perl_idcont = NULL;
1184 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_perl_idstart);
1185 PL_utf8_perl_idstart = NULL;
1186 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_xidcont);
1187 PL_utf8_xidcont = NULL;
1188 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_xidstart);
1189 PL_utf8_xidstart = NULL;
1190 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_WB_invlist);
1191 PL_WB_invlist = NULL;
1192 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_toupper);
1193 PL_utf8_toupper = NULL;
1194 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_totitle);
1195 PL_utf8_totitle = NULL;
1196 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_tolower);
1197 PL_utf8_tolower = NULL;
1198 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_tofold);
1199 PL_utf8_tofold = NULL;
1200 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_tosimplefold);
1201 PL_utf8_tosimplefold = NULL;
1202 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_charname_begin);
1203 PL_utf8_charname_begin = NULL;
1204 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_charname_continue);
1205 PL_utf8_charname_continue = NULL;
1206 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_mark);
1207 PL_utf8_mark = NULL;
1208 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_InBitmap);
1210 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_CCC_non0_non230);
1211 PL_CCC_non0_non230 = NULL;
1212 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_Private_Use);
1213 PL_Private_Use = NULL;
1215 for (i = 0; i < POSIX_CC_COUNT; i++) {
1216 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_XPosix_ptrs[i]);
1217 PL_XPosix_ptrs[i] = NULL;
1219 if (i != _CC_CASED) { /* A copy of Alpha */
1220 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_Posix_ptrs[i]);
1221 PL_Posix_ptrs[i] = NULL;
1225 free_and_set_cop_warnings(&PL_compiling, NULL);
1226 cophh_free(CopHINTHASH_get(&PL_compiling));
1227 CopHINTHASH_set(&PL_compiling, cophh_new_empty());
1228 CopFILE_free(&PL_compiling);
1230 /* Prepare to destruct main symbol table. */
1233 /* break ref loop *:: <=> %:: */
1234 (void)hv_deletes(hv, "main::", G_DISCARD);
1237 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_curstname);
1238 PL_curstname = NULL;
1240 /* clear queued errors */
1241 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_errors);
1244 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_isarev);
1247 if (destruct_level >= 2) {
1248 if (PL_scopestack_ix != 0)
1249 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
1250 "Unbalanced scopes: %ld more ENTERs than LEAVEs\n",
1251 (long)PL_scopestack_ix);
1252 if (PL_savestack_ix != 0)
1253 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
1254 "Unbalanced saves: %ld more saves than restores\n",
1255 (long)PL_savestack_ix);
1256 if (PL_tmps_floor != -1)
1257 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Unbalanced tmps: %ld more allocs than frees\n",
1258 (long)PL_tmps_floor + 1);
1259 if (cxstack_ix != -1)
1260 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Unbalanced context: %ld more PUSHes than POPs\n",
1261 (long)cxstack_ix + 1);
1265 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_regex_padav);
1266 PL_regex_padav = NULL;
1267 PL_regex_pad = NULL;
1271 /* the entries in this list are allocated via SV PVX's, so get freed
1272 * in sv_clean_all */
1273 Safefree(PL_my_cxt_list);
1276 /* Now absolutely destruct everything, somehow or other, loops or no. */
1278 /* the 2 is for PL_fdpid and PL_strtab */
1279 while (sv_clean_all() > 2)
1283 Safefree(PL_stashpad); /* must come after sv_clean_all */
1286 AvREAL_off(PL_fdpid); /* no surviving entries */
1287 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_fdpid); /* needed in io_close() */
1290 #ifdef HAVE_INTERP_INTERN
1294 /* constant strings */
1295 for (i = 0; i < SV_CONSTS_COUNT; i++) {
1296 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_sv_consts[i]);
1297 PL_sv_consts[i] = NULL;
1300 /* Destruct the global string table. */
1302 /* Yell and reset the HeVAL() slots that are still holding refcounts,
1303 * so that sv_free() won't fail on them.
1304 * Now that the global string table is using a single hunk of memory
1305 * for both HE and HEK, we either need to explicitly unshare it the
1306 * correct way, or actually free things here.
1309 const I32 max = HvMAX(PL_strtab);
1310 HE * const * const array = HvARRAY(PL_strtab);
1311 HE *hent = array[0];
1314 if (hent && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL)) {
1315 HE * const next = HeNEXT(hent);
1316 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
1317 "Unbalanced string table refcount: (%ld) for \"%s\"",
1318 (long)hent->he_valu.hent_refcount, HeKEY(hent));
1325 hent = array[riter];
1330 HvARRAY(PL_strtab) = 0;
1331 HvTOTALKEYS(PL_strtab) = 0;
1333 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_strtab);
1336 /* free the pointer tables used for cloning */
1337 ptr_table_free(PL_ptr_table);
1338 PL_ptr_table = (PTR_TBL_t*)NULL;
1341 /* free special SVs */
1343 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_yes) = 0;
1344 sv_clear(&PL_sv_yes);
1345 SvANY(&PL_sv_yes) = NULL;
1346 SvFLAGS(&PL_sv_yes) = 0;
1348 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_no) = 0;
1349 sv_clear(&PL_sv_no);
1350 SvANY(&PL_sv_no) = NULL;
1351 SvFLAGS(&PL_sv_no) = 0;
1353 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_zero) = 0;
1354 sv_clear(&PL_sv_zero);
1355 SvANY(&PL_sv_zero) = NULL;
1356 SvFLAGS(&PL_sv_zero) = 0;
1360 for (i=0; i<=2; i++) {
1361 SvREFCNT(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = 0;
1362 sv_clear(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i));
1363 SvANY(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = NULL;
1364 SvFLAGS(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = 0;
1368 if (PL_sv_count != 0 && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
1369 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Scalars leaked: %ld\n", (long)PL_sv_count);
1371 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS
1372 if (PL_sv_count != 0) {
1377 for (sva = PL_sv_arenaroot; sva; sva = MUTABLE_SV(SvANY(sva))) {
1378 svend = &sva[SvREFCNT(sva)];
1379 for (sv = sva + 1; sv < svend; ++sv) {
1380 if (SvTYPE(sv) != (svtype)SVTYPEMASK) {
1381 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "leaked: sv=0x%p"
1383 " refcnt=%" UVuf pTHX__FORMAT "\n"
1384 "\tallocated at %s:%d %s %s (parent 0x%" UVxf ");"
1385 "serial %" UVuf "\n",
1386 (void*)sv, (UV)sv->sv_flags, (UV)sv->sv_refcnt
1388 sv->sv_debug_file ? sv->sv_debug_file : "(unknown)",
1390 sv->sv_debug_inpad ? "for" : "by",
1391 sv->sv_debug_optype ?
1392 PL_op_name[sv->sv_debug_optype]: "(none)",
1393 PTR2UV(sv->sv_debug_parent),
1396 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
1397 Perl_dump_sv_child(aTHX_ sv);
1403 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
1407 /* Wait for up to 4 seconds for child to terminate.
1408 This seems to be the least effort way of timing out on reaping
1410 struct timeval waitfor = {4, 0};
1411 int sock = PL_dumper_fd;
1415 FD_SET(sock, &rset);
1416 select(sock + 1, &rset, NULL, NULL, &waitfor);
1417 waitpid(child, &status, WNOHANG);
1422 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_ABORT
1428 #if defined(PERLIO_LAYERS)
1429 /* No more IO - including error messages ! */
1430 PerlIO_cleanup(aTHX);
1433 /* sv_undef needs to stay immortal until after PerlIO_cleanup
1434 as currently layers use it rather than NULL as a marker
1435 for no arg - and will try and SvREFCNT_dec it.
1437 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_undef) = 0;
1438 SvREADONLY_off(&PL_sv_undef);
1440 Safefree(PL_origfilename);
1441 PL_origfilename = NULL;
1442 Safefree(PL_reg_curpm);
1443 free_tied_hv_pool();
1444 Safefree(PL_op_mask);
1445 Safefree(PL_psig_name);
1446 PL_psig_name = (SV**)NULL;
1447 PL_psig_ptr = (SV**)NULL;
1449 /* We need to NULL PL_psig_pend first, so that
1450 signal handlers know not to use it */
1451 int *psig_save = PL_psig_pend;
1452 PL_psig_pend = (int*)NULL;
1453 Safefree(psig_save);
1456 TAINTING_set(FALSE);
1457 TAINT_WARN_set(FALSE);
1458 PL_hints = 0; /* Reset hints. Should hints be per-interpreter ? */
1460 DEBUG_P(debprofdump());
1464 #ifdef USE_REENTRANT_API
1465 Perl_reentrant_free(aTHX);
1468 /* These all point to HVs that are about to be blown away.
1469 Code in core and on CPAN assumes that if the interpreter is re-started
1470 that they will be cleanly NULL or pointing to a valid HV. */
1471 PL_custom_op_names = NULL;
1472 PL_custom_op_descs = NULL;
1473 PL_custom_ops = NULL;
1477 while (PL_regmatch_slab) {
1478 regmatch_slab *s = PL_regmatch_slab;
1479 PL_regmatch_slab = PL_regmatch_slab->next;
1483 /* As the absolutely last thing, free the non-arena SV for mess() */
1486 /* we know that type == SVt_PVMG */
1488 /* it could have accumulated taint magic */
1491 for (mg = SvMAGIC(PL_mess_sv); mg; mg = moremagic) {
1492 moremagic = mg->mg_moremagic;
1493 if (mg->mg_ptr && mg->mg_type != PERL_MAGIC_regex_global
1495 Safefree(mg->mg_ptr);
1499 /* we know that type >= SVt_PV */
1500 SvPV_free(PL_mess_sv);
1501 Safefree(SvANY(PL_mess_sv));
1502 Safefree(PL_mess_sv);
1509 =for apidoc perl_free
1511 Releases a Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
1520 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_PERL_FREE;
1522 if (PL_veto_cleanup)
1525 #ifdef PERL_TRACK_MEMPOOL
1528 * Don't free thread memory if PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL is set to a non-zero
1529 * value as we're probably hunting memory leaks then
1531 if (PL_perl_destruct_level == 0) {
1532 const U32 old_debug = PL_debug;
1533 /* Emulate the PerlHost behaviour of free()ing all memory allocated in this
1534 thread at thread exit. */
1536 PerlIO_puts(Perl_debug_log, "Disabling memory debugging as we "
1537 "free this thread's memory\n");
1538 PL_debug &= ~ DEBUG_m_FLAG;
1540 while(aTHXx->Imemory_debug_header.next != &(aTHXx->Imemory_debug_header)){
1541 char * next = (char *)(aTHXx->Imemory_debug_header.next);
1542 Malloc_t ptr = PERL_MEMORY_DEBUG_HEADER_SIZE + next;
1545 PL_debug = old_debug;
1551 # if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS)
1553 void *host = w32_internal_host;
1554 PerlMem_free(aTHXx);
1555 win32_delete_internal_host(host);
1558 PerlMem_free(aTHXx);
1561 PerlMem_free(aTHXx);
1565 #if defined(USE_ITHREADS)
1566 /* provide destructors to clean up the thread key when libperl is unloaded */
1567 #ifndef WIN32 /* handled during DLL_PROCESS_DETACH in win32/perllib.c */
1569 #if defined(__hpux) && !(defined(__ux_version) && __ux_version <= 1020) && !defined(__GNUC__)
1570 #pragma fini "perl_fini"
1571 #elif defined(__sun) && !defined(__GNUC__)
1572 #pragma fini (perl_fini)
1576 #if defined(__GNUC__)
1577 __attribute__((destructor))
1582 PL_curinterp && !PL_veto_cleanup)
1587 #endif /* THREADS */
1590 Perl_call_atexit(pTHX_ ATEXIT_t fn, void *ptr)
1592 Renew(PL_exitlist, PL_exitlistlen+1, PerlExitListEntry);
1593 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].fn = fn;
1594 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].ptr = ptr;
1599 =for apidoc perl_parse
1601 Tells a Perl interpreter to parse a Perl script. This performs most
1602 of the initialisation of a Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed> for
1605 C<my_perl> points to the Perl interpreter that is to parse the script.
1606 It must have been previously created through the use of L</perl_alloc>
1607 and L</perl_construct>. C<xsinit> points to a callback function that
1608 will be called to set up the ability for this Perl interpreter to load
1609 XS extensions, or may be null to perform no such setup.
1611 C<argc> and C<argv> supply a set of command-line arguments to the Perl
1612 interpreter, as would normally be passed to the C<main> function of
1613 a C program. C<argv[argc]> must be null. These arguments are where
1614 the script to parse is specified, either by naming a script file or by
1615 providing a script in a C<-e> option.
1616 If L<C<$0>|perlvar/$0> will be written to in the Perl interpreter, then
1617 the argument strings must be in writable memory, and so mustn't just be
1620 C<env> specifies a set of environment variables that will be used by
1621 this Perl interpreter. If non-null, it must point to a null-terminated
1622 array of environment strings. If null, the Perl interpreter will use
1623 the environment supplied by the C<environ> global variable.
1625 This function initialises the interpreter, and parses and compiles the
1626 script specified by the command-line arguments. This includes executing
1627 code in C<BEGIN>, C<UNITCHECK>, and C<CHECK> blocks. It does not execute
1628 C<INIT> blocks or the main program.
1630 Returns an integer of slightly tricky interpretation. The correct
1631 use of the return value is as a truth value indicating whether there
1632 was a failure in initialisation. If zero is returned, this indicates
1633 that initialisation was successful, and it is safe to proceed to call
1634 L</perl_run> and make other use of it. If a non-zero value is returned,
1635 this indicates some problem that means the interpreter wants to terminate.
1636 The interpreter should not be just abandoned upon such failure; the caller
1637 should proceed to shut the interpreter down cleanly with L</perl_destruct>
1638 and free it with L</perl_free>.
1640 For historical reasons, the non-zero return value also attempts to
1641 be a suitable value to pass to the C library function C<exit> (or to
1642 return from C<main>), to serve as an exit code indicating the nature
1643 of the way initialisation terminated. However, this isn't portable,
1644 due to differing exit code conventions. A historical bug is preserved
1645 for the time being: if the Perl built-in C<exit> is called during this
1646 function's execution, with a type of exit entailing a zero exit code
1647 under the host operating system's conventions, then this function
1648 returns zero rather than a non-zero value. This bug, [perl #2754],
1649 leads to C<perl_run> being called (and therefore C<INIT> blocks and the
1650 main program running) despite a call to C<exit>. It has been preserved
1651 because a popular module-installing module has come to rely on it and
1652 needs time to be fixed. This issue is [perl #132577], and the original
1653 bug is due to be fixed in Perl 5.30.
1658 #define SET_CURSTASH(newstash) \
1659 if (PL_curstash != newstash) { \
1660 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_curstash); \
1661 PL_curstash = (HV *)SvREFCNT_inc(newstash); \
1665 perl_parse(pTHXx_ XSINIT_t xsinit, int argc, char **argv, char **env)
1671 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_PERL_PARSE;
1672 #ifndef MULTIPLICITY
1673 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(my_perl);
1675 debug_hash_seed(false);
1678 struct NameTranslationInfo nti;
1679 __translate_amiga_to_unix_path_name(&argv[0],&nti);
1686 for(i = 0; i != argc; i++)
1688 assert(!argv[argc]);
1693 if (PL_origalen != 0) {
1694 PL_origalen = 1; /* don't use old PL_origalen if perl_parse() is called again */
1697 /* Set PL_origalen be the sum of the contiguous argv[]
1698 * elements plus the size of the env in case that it is
1699 * contiguous with the argv[]. This is used in mg.c:Perl_magic_set()
1700 * as the maximum modifiable length of $0. In the worst case
1701 * the area we are able to modify is limited to the size of
1702 * the original argv[0]. (See below for 'contiguous', though.)
1704 const char *s = NULL;
1705 const UV mask = ~(UV)(PTRSIZE-1);
1706 /* Do the mask check only if the args seem like aligned. */
1708 (mask < ~(UV)0) && ((PTR2UV(argv[0]) & mask) == PTR2UV(argv[0]));
1710 /* See if all the arguments are contiguous in memory. Note
1711 * that 'contiguous' is a loose term because some platforms
1712 * align the argv[] and the envp[]. If the arguments look
1713 * like non-aligned, assume that they are 'strictly' or
1714 * 'traditionally' contiguous. If the arguments look like
1715 * aligned, we just check that they are within aligned
1716 * PTRSIZE bytes. As long as no system has something bizarre
1717 * like the argv[] interleaved with some other data, we are
1718 * fine. (Did I just evoke Murphy's Law?) --jhi */
1719 if (PL_origargv && PL_origargc >= 1 && (s = PL_origargv[0])) {
1722 for (i = 1; i < PL_origargc; i++) {
1723 if ((PL_origargv[i] == s + 1
1725 || PL_origargv[i] == s + 2
1730 (PL_origargv[i] > s &&
1732 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1743 #ifndef PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV
1744 /* Can we grab env area too to be used as the area for $0? */
1745 if (s && PL_origenviron && !PL_use_safe_putenv) {
1746 if ((PL_origenviron[0] == s + 1)
1749 (PL_origenviron[0] > s &&
1750 PL_origenviron[0] <=
1751 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1755 #ifndef OS2 /* ENVIRON is read by the kernel too. */
1756 s = PL_origenviron[0];
1759 my_setenv("NoNe SuCh", NULL);
1760 /* Force copy of environment. */
1761 for (i = 1; PL_origenviron[i]; i++) {
1762 if (PL_origenviron[i] == s + 1
1765 (PL_origenviron[i] > s &&
1766 PL_origenviron[i] <=
1767 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1770 s = PL_origenviron[i];
1778 #endif /* !defined(PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV) */
1780 PL_origalen = s ? s - PL_origargv[0] + 1 : 0;
1785 /* Come here if running an undumped a.out. */
1787 PL_origfilename = savepv(argv[0]);
1788 PL_do_undump = FALSE;
1789 cxstack_ix = -1; /* start label stack again */
1791 assert (!TAINT_get);
1795 init_postdump_symbols(argc,argv,env);
1800 op_free(PL_main_root);
1801 PL_main_root = NULL;
1803 PL_main_start = NULL;
1804 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_main_cv);
1808 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
1809 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_OFF;
1814 parse_body(env,xsinit);
1815 if (PL_unitcheckav) {
1816 call_list(oldscope, PL_unitcheckav);
1819 PERL_SET_PHASE(PERL_PHASE_CHECK);
1820 call_list(oldscope, PL_checkav);
1828 /* my_exit() was called */
1829 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
1832 SET_CURSTASH(PL_defstash);
1833 if (PL_unitcheckav) {
1834 call_list(oldscope, PL_unitcheckav);
1837 PERL_SET_PHASE(PERL_PHASE_CHECK);
1838 call_list(oldscope, PL_checkav);
1843 * At this point we should do
1845 * to avoid [perl #2754], but that bugfix has been postponed
1846 * because of the Module::Install breakage it causes
1852 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: top_env\n");
1860 /* This needs to stay in perl.c, as perl.c is compiled with different flags for
1861 miniperl, and we need to see those flags reflected in the values here. */
1863 /* What this returns is subject to change. Use the public interface in Config.
1866 S_Internals_V(pTHX_ CV *cv)
1869 #ifdef LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT
1870 const int local_patch_count = LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT;
1872 const int local_patch_count = 0;
1874 const int entries = 3 + local_patch_count;
1876 static const char non_bincompat_options[] =
1883 # ifdef NO_HASH_SEED
1886 # ifdef NO_TAINT_SUPPORT
1889 # ifdef PERL_COPY_ON_WRITE
1890 " PERL_COPY_ON_WRITE"
1892 # ifdef PERL_DISABLE_PMC
1895 # ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
1896 " PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV"
1898 # ifdef PERL_EXTERNAL_GLOB
1899 " PERL_EXTERNAL_GLOB"
1901 # ifdef PERL_HASH_FUNC_SIPHASH
1902 " PERL_HASH_FUNC_SIPHASH"
1904 # ifdef PERL_HASH_FUNC_SDBM
1905 " PERL_HASH_FUNC_SDBM"
1907 # ifdef PERL_HASH_FUNC_DJB2
1908 " PERL_HASH_FUNC_DJB2"
1910 # ifdef PERL_HASH_FUNC_SUPERFAST
1911 " PERL_HASH_FUNC_SUPERFAST"
1913 # ifdef PERL_HASH_FUNC_MURMUR3
1914 " PERL_HASH_FUNC_MURMUR3"
1916 # ifdef PERL_HASH_FUNC_ONE_AT_A_TIME
1917 " PERL_HASH_FUNC_ONE_AT_A_TIME"
1919 # ifdef PERL_HASH_FUNC_ONE_AT_A_TIME_HARD
1920 " PERL_HASH_FUNC_ONE_AT_A_TIME_HARD"
1922 # ifdef PERL_HASH_FUNC_ONE_AT_A_TIME_OLD
1923 " PERL_HASH_FUNC_ONE_AT_A_TIME_OLD"
1925 # ifdef PERL_IS_MINIPERL
1928 # ifdef PERL_MALLOC_WRAP
1931 # ifdef PERL_MEM_LOG
1934 # ifdef PERL_MEM_LOG_NOIMPL
1935 " PERL_MEM_LOG_NOIMPL"
1937 # ifdef PERL_OP_PARENT
1940 # ifdef PERL_PERTURB_KEYS_DETERMINISTIC
1941 " PERL_PERTURB_KEYS_DETERMINISTIC"
1943 # ifdef PERL_PERTURB_KEYS_DISABLED
1944 " PERL_PERTURB_KEYS_DISABLED"
1946 # ifdef PERL_PERTURB_KEYS_RANDOM
1947 " PERL_PERTURB_KEYS_RANDOM"
1949 # ifdef PERL_PRESERVE_IVUV
1950 " PERL_PRESERVE_IVUV"
1952 # ifdef PERL_RELOCATABLE_INCPUSH
1953 " PERL_RELOCATABLE_INCPUSH"
1955 # ifdef PERL_USE_DEVEL
1958 # ifdef PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV
1959 " PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV"
1961 # ifdef PERL_USE_UNSHARED_KEYS_IN_LARGE_HASHES
1962 " PERL_USE_UNSHARED_KEYS_IN_LARGE_HASHES"
1964 # ifdef SILENT_NO_TAINT_SUPPORT
1965 " SILENT_NO_TAINT_SUPPORT"
1967 # ifdef UNLINK_ALL_VERSIONS
1968 " UNLINK_ALL_VERSIONS"
1970 # ifdef USE_ATTRIBUTES_FOR_PERLIO
1971 " USE_ATTRIBUTES_FOR_PERLIO"
1973 # ifdef USE_FAST_STDIO
1979 # ifdef USE_LOCALE_CTYPE
1982 # ifdef WIN32_NO_REGISTRY
1985 # ifdef USE_PERL_ATOF
1988 # ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
1989 " USE_SITECUSTOMIZE"
1991 # ifdef USE_THREAD_SAFE_LOCALE
1992 " USE_THREAD_SAFE_LOCALE"
1995 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(cv);
1996 PERL_UNUSED_VAR(items);
1998 EXTEND(SP, entries);
2000 PUSHs(newSVpvn_flags(PL_bincompat_options, strlen(PL_bincompat_options),
2002 PUSHs(Perl_newSVpvn_flags(aTHX_ non_bincompat_options,
2003 sizeof(non_bincompat_options) - 1, SVs_TEMP));
2005 #ifndef PERL_BUILD_DATE
2008 # define PERL_BUILD_DATE __DATE__ " " __TIME__
2010 # define PERL_BUILD_DATE __DATE__
2015 #ifdef PERL_BUILD_DATE
2016 PUSHs(Perl_newSVpvn_flags(aTHX_
2017 STR_WITH_LEN("Compiled at " PERL_BUILD_DATE),
2020 PUSHs(&PL_sv_undef);
2023 for (i = 1; i <= local_patch_count; i++) {
2024 /* This will be an undef, if PL_localpatches[i] is NULL. */
2025 PUSHs(newSVpvn_flags(PL_localpatches[i],
2026 PL_localpatches[i] == NULL ? 0 : strlen(PL_localpatches[i]),
2033 #define INCPUSH_UNSHIFT 0x01
2034 #define INCPUSH_ADD_OLD_VERS 0x02
2035 #define INCPUSH_ADD_VERSIONED_SUB_DIRS 0x04
2036 #define INCPUSH_ADD_ARCHONLY_SUB_DIRS 0x08
2037 #define INCPUSH_NOT_BASEDIR 0x10
2038 #define INCPUSH_CAN_RELOCATE 0x20
2039 #define INCPUSH_ADD_SUB_DIRS \
2040 (INCPUSH_ADD_VERSIONED_SUB_DIRS|INCPUSH_ADD_ARCHONLY_SUB_DIRS)
2043 S_parse_body(pTHX_ char **env, XSINIT_t xsinit)
2046 int argc = PL_origargc;
2047 char **argv = PL_origargv;
2048 const char *scriptname = NULL;
2049 bool dosearch = FALSE;
2051 bool doextract = FALSE;
2052 const char *cddir = NULL;
2053 bool minus_e = FALSE; /* both -e and -E */
2054 #ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
2055 bool minus_f = FALSE;
2057 SV *linestr_sv = NULL;
2058 bool add_read_e_script = FALSE;
2059 U32 lex_start_flags = 0;
2061 PERL_SET_PHASE(PERL_PHASE_START);
2067 for (argc--,argv++; argc > 0; argc--,argv++) {
2068 if (argv[0][0] != '-' || !argv[0][1])
2074 #ifndef PERL_STRICT_CR
2100 if ((s = moreswitches(s)))
2105 #if defined(SILENT_NO_TAINT_SUPPORT)
2106 /* silently ignore */
2107 #elif defined(NO_TAINT_SUPPORT)
2108 Perl_croak_nocontext("This perl was compiled without taint support. "
2109 "Cowardly refusing to run with -t or -T flags");
2111 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('t');
2112 if( !TAINTING_get ) {
2113 TAINT_WARN_set(TRUE);
2120 #if defined(SILENT_NO_TAINT_SUPPORT)
2121 /* silently ignore */
2122 #elif defined(NO_TAINT_SUPPORT)
2123 Perl_croak_nocontext("This perl was compiled without taint support. "
2124 "Cowardly refusing to run with -t or -T flags");
2126 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('T');
2128 TAINT_WARN_set(FALSE);
2137 forbid_setid('e', FALSE);
2140 PL_e_script = newSVpvs("");
2141 add_read_e_script = TRUE;
2144 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, s);
2146 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, argv[1]);
2150 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No code specified for -%c", c);
2151 sv_catpvs(PL_e_script, "\n");
2155 #ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
2161 case 'I': /* -I handled both here and in moreswitches() */
2162 forbid_setid('I', FALSE);
2163 if (!*++s && (s=argv[1]) != NULL) {
2167 STRLEN len = strlen(s);
2168 incpush(s, len, INCPUSH_ADD_SUB_DIRS|INCPUSH_ADD_OLD_VERS);
2171 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No directory specified for -I");
2174 forbid_setid('S', FALSE);
2183 opts_prog = newSVpvs("use Config; Config::_V()");
2187 opts_prog = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_
2188 "use Config; Config::config_vars(qw%c%s%c)",
2192 Perl_av_create_and_push(aTHX_ &PL_preambleav, opts_prog);
2193 /* don't look for script or read stdin */
2194 scriptname = BIT_BUCKET;
2206 if (!*++s || isSPACE(*s)) {
2210 /* catch use of gnu style long options.
2211 Both of these exit immediately. */
2212 if (strEQ(s, "version"))
2214 if (strEQ(s, "help"))
2219 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Unrecognized switch: -%s (-h will show valid options)",s);
2230 #ifndef SECURE_INTERNAL_GETENV
2233 (s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL5OPT")))
2237 if (*s == '-' && *(s+1) == 'T') {
2238 #if defined(SILENT_NO_TAINT_SUPPORT)
2239 /* silently ignore */
2240 #elif defined(NO_TAINT_SUPPORT)
2241 Perl_croak_nocontext("This perl was compiled without taint support. "
2242 "Cowardly refusing to run with -t or -T flags");
2244 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('T');
2246 TAINT_WARN_set(FALSE);
2250 char *popt_copy = NULL;
2263 if (!memCHRs("CDIMUdmtwW", *s))
2264 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Illegal switch in PERL5OPT: -%c", *s);
2268 popt_copy = SvPVX(newSVpvn_flags(d, strlen(d), SVs_TEMP));
2269 s = popt_copy + (s - d);
2277 #if defined(SILENT_NO_TAINT_SUPPORT)
2278 /* silently ignore */
2279 #elif defined(NO_TAINT_SUPPORT)
2280 Perl_croak_nocontext("This perl was compiled without taint support. "
2281 "Cowardly refusing to run with -t or -T flags");
2283 if( !TAINTING_get) {
2284 TAINT_WARN_set(TRUE);
2296 #ifndef NO_PERL_INTERNAL_RAND_SEED
2297 /* If we're not set[ug]id, we might have honored
2298 PERL_INTERNAL_RAND_SEED in perl_construct().
2299 At this point command-line options have been parsed, so if
2300 we're now tainting and not set[ug]id re-seed.
2301 This could possibly be wasteful if PERL_INTERNAL_RAND_SEED is invalid,
2302 but avoids duplicating the logic from perl_construct().
2305 PerlProc_getuid() == PerlProc_geteuid() &&
2306 PerlProc_getgid() == PerlProc_getegid()) {
2307 Perl_drand48_init_r(&PL_internal_random_state, seed());
2311 debug_hash_seed(true);
2313 /* Set $^X early so that it can be used for relocatable paths in @INC */
2314 /* and for SITELIB_EXP in USE_SITECUSTOMIZE */
2315 assert (!TAINT_get);
2320 #if defined(USE_SITECUSTOMIZE)
2322 /* The games with local $! are to avoid setting errno if there is no
2323 sitecustomize script. "q%c...%c", 0, ..., 0 becomes "q\0...\0",
2324 ie a q() operator with a NUL byte as a the delimiter. This avoids
2325 problems with pathnames containing (say) ' */
2326 # ifdef PERL_IS_MINIPERL
2327 AV *const inc = GvAV(PL_incgv);
2328 SV **const inc0 = inc ? av_fetch(inc, 0, FALSE) : NULL;
2331 /* if lib/buildcustomize.pl exists, it should not fail. If it does,
2332 it should be reported immediately as a build failure. */
2333 (void)Perl_av_create_and_unshift_one(aTHX_ &PL_preambleav,
2335 "BEGIN { my $f = q%c%s%" SVf "/buildcustomize.pl%c; "
2336 "do {local $!; -f $f }"
2337 " and do $f || die $@ || qq '$f: $!' }",
2338 0, (TAINTING_get ? "./" : ""), SVfARG(*inc0), 0));
2341 /* SITELIB_EXP is a function call on Win32. */
2342 const char *const raw_sitelib = SITELIB_EXP;
2344 /* process .../.. if PERL_RELOCATABLE_INC is defined */
2345 SV *sitelib_sv = mayberelocate(raw_sitelib, strlen(raw_sitelib),
2346 INCPUSH_CAN_RELOCATE);
2347 const char *const sitelib = SvPVX(sitelib_sv);
2348 (void)Perl_av_create_and_unshift_one(aTHX_ &PL_preambleav,
2350 "BEGIN { do {local $!; -f q%c%s/sitecustomize.pl%c} && do q%c%s/sitecustomize.pl%c }",
2353 assert (SvREFCNT(sitelib_sv) == 1);
2354 SvREFCNT_dec(sitelib_sv);
2361 scriptname = argv[0];
2364 scriptname = BIT_BUCKET; /* don't look for script or read stdin */
2366 else if (scriptname == NULL) {
2370 assert (!TAINT_get);
2374 bool suidscript = FALSE;
2376 rsfp = open_script(scriptname, dosearch, &suidscript);
2378 rsfp = PerlIO_stdin();
2379 lex_start_flags = LEX_DONT_CLOSE_RSFP;
2382 validate_suid(rsfp);
2385 # if defined(SIGCHLD) || defined(SIGCLD)
2388 # define SIGCHLD SIGCLD
2390 Sighandler_t sigstate = rsignal_state(SIGCHLD);
2391 if (sigstate == (Sighandler_t) SIG_IGN) {
2392 Perl_ck_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SIGNAL),
2393 "Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default");
2394 (void)rsignal(SIGCHLD, (Sighandler_t)SIG_DFL);
2402 /* This will croak if suidscript is true, as -x cannot be used with
2404 forbid_setid('x', suidscript);
2405 /* Hence you can't get here if suidscript is true */
2407 linestr_sv = newSV_type(SVt_PV);
2408 lex_start_flags |= LEX_START_COPIED;
2409 find_beginning(linestr_sv, rsfp);
2410 if (cddir && PerlDir_chdir( (char *)cddir ) < 0)
2411 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't chdir to %s",cddir);
2415 PL_main_cv = PL_compcv = MUTABLE_CV(newSV_type(SVt_PVCV));
2416 CvUNIQUE_on(PL_compcv);
2418 CvPADLIST_set(PL_compcv, pad_new(0));
2420 PL_isarev = newHV();
2423 boot_core_UNIVERSAL();
2424 boot_core_builtin();
2426 newXS("Internals::V", S_Internals_V, __FILE__);
2429 (*xsinit)(aTHX); /* in case linked C routines want magical variables */
2431 #if defined(VMS) || defined(WIN32) || defined(__CYGWIN__)
2437 # ifdef HAS_SOCKS5_INIT
2438 socks5_init(argv[0]);
2444 init_predump_symbols();
2445 /* init_postdump_symbols not currently designed to be called */
2446 /* more than once (ENV isn't cleared first, for example) */
2447 /* But running with -u leaves %ENV & @ARGV undefined! XXX */
2449 init_postdump_symbols(argc,argv,env);
2451 /* PL_unicode is turned on by -C, or by $ENV{PERL_UNICODE},
2452 * or explicitly in some platforms.
2453 * PL_utf8locale is conditionally turned on by
2454 * locale.c:Perl_init_i18nl10n() if the environment
2455 * look like the user wants to use UTF-8. */
2456 # ifndef PERL_IS_MINIPERL
2458 /* Requires init_predump_symbols(). */
2459 if (!(PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_LOCALE_FLAG) || PL_utf8locale) {
2464 /* Turn on UTF-8-ness on STDIN, STDOUT, STDERR
2465 * and the default open disciplines. */
2466 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDIN_FLAG) &&
2467 PL_stdingv && (io = GvIO(PL_stdingv)) &&
2469 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
2470 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDOUT_FLAG) &&
2471 PL_defoutgv && (io = GvIO(PL_defoutgv)) &&
2473 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
2474 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDERR_FLAG) &&
2475 PL_stderrgv && (io = GvIO(PL_stderrgv)) &&
2477 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
2478 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_INOUT_FLAG) &&
2479 (sv = GvSV(gv_fetchpvs("\017PEN", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL,
2481 U32 in = PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_IN_FLAG;
2482 U32 out = PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_OUT_FLAG;
2485 sv_setpvs(sv, ":utf8\0:utf8");
2487 sv_setpvs(sv, ":utf8\0");
2490 sv_setpvs(sv, "\0:utf8");
2499 if ((s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_SIGNALS"))) {
2500 if (strEQ(s, "unsafe"))
2501 PL_signals |= PERL_SIGNALS_UNSAFE_FLAG;
2502 else if (strEQ(s, "safe"))
2503 PL_signals &= ~PERL_SIGNALS_UNSAFE_FLAG;
2505 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "PERL_SIGNALS illegal: \"%s\"", s);
2510 lex_start(linestr_sv, rsfp, lex_start_flags);
2511 SvREFCNT_dec(linestr_sv);
2513 PL_subname = newSVpvs("main");
2515 if (add_read_e_script)
2516 filter_add(read_e_script, NULL);
2518 /* now parse the script */
2519 if (minus_e == FALSE)
2520 PL_hints |= HINTS_DEFAULT; /* after init_main_stash ; need to be after init_predump_symbols */
2522 SETERRNO(0,SS_NORMAL);
2523 if (yyparse(GRAMPROG) || PL_parser->error_count) {
2524 abort_execution("", PL_origfilename);
2526 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, 0);
2527 SET_CURSTASH(PL_defstash);
2529 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
2537 SAVECOPFILE(PL_curcop);
2538 SAVECOPLINE(PL_curcop);
2539 gv_check(PL_defstash);
2549 s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS");
2550 if (s && grok_atoUV(s, &uv, NULL) && uv >= 2)
2551 dump_mstats("after compilation:");
2556 PL_restartjmpenv = NULL;
2562 =for apidoc perl_run
2564 Tells a Perl interpreter to run its main program. See L<perlembed>
2567 C<my_perl> points to the Perl interpreter. It must have been previously
2568 created through the use of L</perl_alloc> and L</perl_construct>, and
2569 initialised through L</perl_parse>. This function should not be called
2570 if L</perl_parse> returned a non-zero value, indicating a failure in
2571 initialisation or compilation.
2573 This function executes code in C<INIT> blocks, and then executes the
2574 main program. The code to be executed is that established by the prior
2575 call to L</perl_parse>. If the interpreter's C<PL_exit_flags> word
2576 does not have the C<PERL_EXIT_DESTRUCT_END> flag set, then this function
2577 will also execute code in C<END> blocks. If it is desired to make any
2578 further use of the interpreter after calling this function, then C<END>
2579 blocks should be postponed to L</perl_destruct> time by setting that flag.
2581 Returns an integer of slightly tricky interpretation. The correct use
2582 of the return value is as a truth value indicating whether the program
2583 terminated non-locally. If zero is returned, this indicates that
2584 the program ran to completion, and it is safe to make other use of the
2585 interpreter (provided that the C<PERL_EXIT_DESTRUCT_END> flag was set as
2586 described above). If a non-zero value is returned, this indicates that
2587 the interpreter wants to terminate early. The interpreter should not be
2588 just abandoned because of this desire to terminate; the caller should
2589 proceed to shut the interpreter down cleanly with L</perl_destruct>
2590 and free it with L</perl_free>.
2592 For historical reasons, the non-zero return value also attempts to
2593 be a suitable value to pass to the C library function C<exit> (or to
2594 return from C<main>), to serve as an exit code indicating the nature of
2595 the way the program terminated. However, this isn't portable, due to
2596 differing exit code conventions. An attempt is made to return an exit
2597 code of the type required by the host operating system, but because
2598 it is constrained to be non-zero, it is not necessarily possible to
2599 indicate every type of exit. It is only reliable on Unix, where a zero
2600 exit code can be augmented with a set bit that will be ignored. In any
2601 case, this function is not the correct place to acquire an exit code:
2602 one should get that from L</perl_destruct>.
2614 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_PERL_RUN;
2615 #ifndef MULTIPLICITY
2616 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(my_perl);
2619 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
2627 cxstack_ix = -1; /* start context stack again */
2629 case 0: /* normal completion */
2633 case 2: /* my_exit() */
2634 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
2637 SET_CURSTASH(PL_defstash);
2638 if (!(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_DESTRUCT_END) &&
2639 PL_endav && !PL_minus_c) {
2640 PERL_SET_PHASE(PERL_PHASE_END);
2641 call_list(oldscope, PL_endav);
2644 if (PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS"))
2645 dump_mstats("after execution: ");
2651 POPSTACK_TO(PL_mainstack);
2654 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: restartop in perl_run\n");
2665 S_run_body(pTHX_ I32 oldscope)
2667 DEBUG_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "%s $` $& $' support (0x%x).\n",
2668 PL_sawampersand ? "Enabling" : "Omitting",
2669 (unsigned int)(PL_sawampersand)));
2671 if (!PL_restartop) {
2673 if (DEBUG_x_TEST || DEBUG_B_TEST)
2674 dump_all_perl(!DEBUG_B_TEST);
2676 PERL_DEBUG(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "\nEXECUTING...\n\n"));
2680 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "%s syntax OK\n", PL_origfilename);
2683 if (PERLDB_SINGLE && PL_DBsingle)
2686 PERL_SET_PHASE(PERL_PHASE_INIT);
2687 call_list(oldscope, PL_initav);
2689 #ifdef PERL_DEBUG_READONLY_OPS
2690 if (PL_main_root && PL_main_root->op_slabbed)
2691 Slab_to_ro(OpSLAB(PL_main_root));
2697 PERL_SET_PHASE(PERL_PHASE_RUN);
2700 PL_restartjmpenv = NULL;
2701 PL_op = PL_restartop;
2705 else if (PL_main_start) {
2706 CvDEPTH(PL_main_cv) = 1;
2707 PL_op = PL_main_start;
2711 NOT_REACHED; /* NOTREACHED */
2715 =for apidoc_section $SV
2719 Returns the SV of the specified Perl scalar. C<flags> are passed to
2720 C<gv_fetchpv>. If C<GV_ADD> is set and the
2721 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<flags> is zero
2722 and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
2728 Perl_get_sv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 flags)
2732 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GET_SV;
2734 gv = gv_fetchpv(name, flags, SVt_PV);
2741 =for apidoc_section $AV
2745 Returns the AV of the specified Perl global or package array with the given
2746 name (so it won't work on lexical variables). C<flags> are passed
2747 to C<gv_fetchpv>. If C<GV_ADD> is set and the
2748 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<flags> is zero
2749 and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
2751 Perl equivalent: C<@{"$name"}>.
2757 Perl_get_av(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 flags)
2759 GV* const gv = gv_fetchpv(name, flags, SVt_PVAV);
2761 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GET_AV;
2771 =for apidoc_section $HV
2775 Returns the HV of the specified Perl hash. C<flags> are passed to
2776 C<gv_fetchpv>. If C<GV_ADD> is set and the
2777 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<flags> is zero
2778 and the variable does not exist then C<NULL> is returned.
2784 Perl_get_hv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 flags)
2786 GV* const gv = gv_fetchpv(name, flags, SVt_PVHV);
2788 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GET_HV;
2798 =for apidoc_section $CV
2801 =for apidoc_item |CV *|get_cvs|"string"|I32 flags
2802 =for apidoc_item get_cvn_flags
2804 These return the CV of the specified Perl subroutine. C<flags> are passed to
2805 C<gv_fetchpvn_flags>. If C<GV_ADD> is set and the Perl subroutine does not
2806 exist then it will be declared (which has the same effect as saying
2807 C<sub name;>). If C<GV_ADD> is not set and the subroutine does not exist,
2808 then NULL is returned.
2810 The forms differ only in how the subroutine is specified.. With C<get_cvs>,
2811 the name is a literal C string, enclosed in double quotes. With C<get_cv>, the
2812 name is given by the C<name> parameter, which must be a NUL-terminated C
2813 string. With C<get_cvn_flags>, the name is also given by the C<name>
2814 parameter, but it is a Perl string (possibly containing embedded NUL bytes),
2815 and its length in bytes is contained in the C<len> parameter.
2817 =for apidoc Amnh||GV_ADD
2823 Perl_get_cvn_flags(pTHX_ const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 flags)
2825 GV* const gv = gv_fetchpvn_flags(name, len, flags, SVt_PVCV);
2827 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GET_CVN_FLAGS;
2829 if (gv && UNLIKELY(SvROK(gv)) && SvTYPE(SvRV((SV *)gv)) == SVt_PVCV)
2830 return (CV*)SvRV((SV *)gv);
2832 /* XXX this is probably not what they think they're getting.
2833 * It has the same effect as "sub name;", i.e. just a forward
2835 if ((flags & ~GV_NOADD_MASK) && !GvCVu(gv)) {
2836 return newSTUB(gv,0);
2843 /* Nothing in core calls this now, but we can't replace it with a macro and
2844 move it to mathoms.c as a macro would evaluate name twice. */
2846 Perl_get_cv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 flags)
2848 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GET_CV;
2850 return get_cvn_flags(name, strlen(name), flags);
2853 /* Be sure to refetch the stack pointer after calling these routines. */
2857 =for apidoc_section $callback
2859 =for apidoc call_argv
2861 Performs a callback to the specified named and package-scoped Perl subroutine
2862 with C<argv> (a C<NULL>-terminated array of strings) as arguments. See
2865 Approximate Perl equivalent: C<&{"$sub_name"}(@$argv)>.
2871 Perl_call_argv(pTHX_ const char *sub_name, I32 flags, char **argv)
2873 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2874 /* null terminated arg list */
2878 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CALL_ARGV;
2882 mXPUSHs(newSVpv(*argv,0));
2886 return call_pv(sub_name, flags);
2892 Performs a callback to the specified Perl sub. See L<perlcall>.
2898 Perl_call_pv(pTHX_ const char *sub_name, I32 flags)
2899 /* name of the subroutine */
2900 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2902 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CALL_PV;
2904 return call_sv(MUTABLE_SV(get_cv(sub_name, GV_ADD)), flags);
2908 =for apidoc call_method
2910 Performs a callback to the specified Perl method. The blessed object must
2911 be on the stack. See L<perlcall>.
2917 Perl_call_method(pTHX_ const char *methname, I32 flags)
2918 /* name of the subroutine */
2919 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2923 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CALL_METHOD;
2925 len = strlen(methname);
2926 sv = flags & G_METHOD_NAMED
2927 ? sv_2mortal(newSVpvn_share(methname, len,0))
2928 : newSVpvn_flags(methname, len, SVs_TEMP);
2930 return call_sv(sv, flags | G_METHOD);
2933 /* May be called with any of a CV, a GV, or an SV containing the name. */
2937 Performs a callback to the Perl sub specified by the SV.
2939 If neither the C<G_METHOD> nor C<G_METHOD_NAMED> flag is supplied, the
2940 SV may be any of a CV, a GV, a reference to a CV, a reference to a GV
2941 or C<SvPV(sv)> will be used as the name of the sub to call.
2943 If the C<G_METHOD> flag is supplied, the SV may be a reference to a CV or
2944 C<SvPV(sv)> will be used as the name of the method to call.
2946 If the C<G_METHOD_NAMED> flag is supplied, C<SvPV(sv)> will be used as
2947 the name of the method to call.
2949 Some other values are treated specially for internal use and should
2954 =for apidoc Amnh||G_METHOD
2955 =for apidoc Amnh||G_METHOD_NAMED
2961 Perl_call_sv(pTHX_ SV *sv, volatile I32 flags)
2962 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2964 LOGOP myop; /* fake syntax tree node */
2967 volatile I32 retval = 0;
2968 bool oldcatch = CATCH_GET;
2970 OP* const oldop = PL_op;
2973 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CALL_SV;
2975 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2979 if (!(flags & G_WANT)) {
2980 /* Backwards compatibility - as G_SCALAR was 0, it could be omitted.
2985 Zero(&myop, 1, LOGOP);
2986 if (!(flags & G_NOARGS))
2987 myop.op_flags |= OPf_STACKED;
2988 myop.op_flags |= OP_GIMME_REVERSE(flags);
2992 if (!(flags & G_METHOD_NAMED)) {
3000 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash
3001 /* Handle first BEGIN of -d. */
3002 && (PL_DBcv || (PL_DBcv = GvCV(PL_DBsub)))
3003 /* Try harder, since this may have been a sighandler, thus
3004 * curstash may be meaningless. */
3005 && (SvTYPE(sv) != SVt_PVCV || CvSTASH((const CV *)sv) != PL_debstash)
3006 && !(flags & G_NODEBUG))
3007 myop.op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
3009 if (flags & (G_METHOD|G_METHOD_NAMED)) {
3010 Zero(&method_op, 1, METHOP);
3011 method_op.op_next = (OP*)&myop;
3012 PL_op = (OP*)&method_op;
3013 if ( flags & G_METHOD_NAMED ) {
3014 method_op.op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_METHOD_NAMED];
3015 method_op.op_type = OP_METHOD_NAMED;
3016 method_op.op_u.op_meth_sv = sv;
3018 method_op.op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_METHOD];
3019 method_op.op_type = OP_METHOD;
3021 myop.op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_ENTERSUB];
3022 myop.op_type = OP_ENTERSUB;
3025 if (!(flags & G_EVAL)) {
3027 CALL_BODY_SUB((OP*)&myop);
3028 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
3029 CATCH_SET(oldcatch);
3033 myop.op_other = (OP*)&myop;
3035 old_cxix = cxstack_ix;
3036 create_eval_scope(NULL, flags|G_FAKINGEVAL);
3044 CALL_BODY_SUB((OP*)&myop);
3045 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
3046 if (!(flags & G_KEEPERR)) {
3054 /* my_exit() was called */
3055 SET_CURSTASH(PL_defstash);
3059 NOT_REACHED; /* NOTREACHED */
3062 PL_restartjmpenv = NULL;
3063 PL_op = PL_restartop;
3067 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
3068 if ((flags & G_WANT) == G_LIST)
3072 *++PL_stack_sp = &PL_sv_undef;
3077 /* if we croaked, depending on how we croaked the eval scope
3078 * may or may not have already been popped */
3079 if (cxstack_ix > old_cxix) {
3080 assert(cxstack_ix == old_cxix + 1);
3081 assert(CxTYPE(CX_CUR()) == CXt_EVAL);
3082 delete_eval_scope();
3087 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
3088 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
3097 /* Eval a string. The G_EVAL flag is always assumed. */
3102 Tells Perl to C<eval> the string in the SV. It supports the same flags
3103 as C<call_sv>, with the obvious exception of C<G_EVAL>. See L<perlcall>.
3105 The C<G_RETHROW> flag can be used if you only need eval_sv() to
3106 execute code specified by a string, but not catch any errors.
3108 =for apidoc Amnh||G_RETHROW
3113 Perl_eval_sv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
3115 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
3117 UNOP myop; /* fake syntax tree node */
3118 volatile I32 oldmark;
3119 volatile I32 retval = 0;
3121 OP* const oldop = PL_op;
3124 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_EVAL_SV;
3126 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
3133 Zero(&myop, 1, UNOP);
3136 oldmark = SP - PL_stack_base;
3142 if (!(flags & G_NOARGS))
3143 myop.op_flags = OPf_STACKED;
3144 myop.op_type = OP_ENTEREVAL;
3145 myop.op_flags |= OP_GIMME_REVERSE(flags);
3146 if (flags & G_KEEPERR)
3147 myop.op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL;
3149 if (flags & G_RE_REPARSING)
3150 myop.op_private = (OPpEVAL_COPHH | OPpEVAL_RE_REPARSING);
3152 /* fail now; otherwise we could fail after the JMPENV_PUSH but
3153 * before a cx_pusheval(), which corrupts the stack after a croak */
3154 TAINT_PROPER("eval_sv()");
3160 if (PL_op == (OP*)(&myop)) {
3161 PL_op = PL_ppaddr[OP_ENTEREVAL](aTHX);
3163 goto fail; /* failed in compilation */
3166 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
3167 if (!(flags & G_KEEPERR)) {
3175 /* my_exit() was called */
3176 SET_CURSTASH(PL_defstash);
3180 NOT_REACHED; /* NOTREACHED */
3183 PL_restartjmpenv = NULL;
3184 PL_op = PL_restartop;
3189 if (flags & G_RETHROW) {
3194 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
3195 if ((flags & G_WANT) == G_LIST)
3199 *++PL_stack_sp = &PL_sv_undef;
3205 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
3206 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
3218 Tells Perl to C<eval> the given string in scalar context and return an SV* result.
3224 Perl_eval_pv(pTHX_ const char *p, I32 croak_on_error)
3226 SV* sv = newSVpv(p, 0);
3228 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_EVAL_PV;
3230 if (croak_on_error) {
3232 eval_sv(sv, G_SCALAR | G_RETHROW);
3235 eval_sv(sv, G_SCALAR);
3248 /* Require a module. */
3251 =for apidoc_section $embedding
3253 =for apidoc require_pv
3255 Tells Perl to C<require> the file named by the string argument. It is
3256 analogous to the Perl code C<eval "require '$file'">. It's even
3257 implemented that way; consider using load_module instead.
3262 Perl_require_pv(pTHX_ const char *pv)
3267 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_REQUIRE_PV;
3269 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_REQUIRE);
3270 sv = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "require q%c%s%c", 0, pv, 0);
3271 eval_sv(sv_2mortal(sv), G_DISCARD);
3276 S_usage(pTHX) /* XXX move this out into a module ? */
3278 /* This message really ought to be max 23 lines.
3279 * Removed -h because the user already knows that option. Others? */
3281 /* Grouped as 6 lines per C string literal, to keep under the ANSI C 89
3282 minimum of 509 character string literals. */
3283 static const char * const usage_msg[] = {
3284 " -0[octal/hexadecimal] specify record separator (\\0, if no argument)\n"
3285 " -a autosplit mode with -n or -p (splits $_ into @F)\n"
3286 " -C[number/list] enables the listed Unicode features\n"
3287 " -c check syntax only (runs BEGIN and CHECK blocks)\n"
3288 " -d[t][:MOD] run program under debugger or module Devel::MOD\n"
3289 " -D[number/letters] set debugging flags (argument is a bit mask or alphabets)\n",
3290 " -e commandline one line of program (several -e's allowed, omit programfile)\n"
3291 " -E commandline like -e, but enables all optional features\n"
3292 " -f don't do $sitelib/sitecustomize.pl at startup\n"
3293 " -F/pattern/ split() pattern for -a switch (//'s are optional)\n"
3294 " -i[extension] edit <> files in place (makes backup if extension supplied)\n"
3295 " -Idirectory specify @INC/#include directory (several -I's allowed)\n",
3296 " -l[octnum] enable line ending processing, specifies line terminator\n"
3297 " -[mM][-]module execute \"use/no module...\" before executing program\n"
3298 " -n assume \"while (<>) { ... }\" loop around program\n"
3299 " -p assume loop like -n but print line also, like sed\n"
3300 " -s enable rudimentary parsing for switches after programfile\n"
3301 " -S look for programfile using PATH environment variable\n",
3302 " -t enable tainting warnings\n"
3303 " -T enable tainting checks\n"
3304 " -u dump core after parsing program\n"
3305 " -U allow unsafe operations\n"
3306 " -v print version, patchlevel and license\n"
3307 " -V[:configvar] print configuration summary (or a single Config.pm variable)\n",
3308 " -w enable many useful warnings\n"
3309 " -W enable all warnings\n"
3310 " -x[directory] ignore text before #!perl line (optionally cd to directory)\n"
3311 " -X disable all warnings\n"
3313 "Run 'perldoc perl' for more help with Perl.\n\n",
3316 const char * const *p = usage_msg;
3317 PerlIO *out = PerlIO_stdout();
3320 "\nUsage: %s [switches] [--] [programfile] [arguments]\n",
3323 PerlIO_puts(out, *p++);
3327 /* convert a string of -D options (or digits) into an int.
3328 * sets *s to point to the char after the options */
3332 Perl_get_debug_opts(pTHX_ const char **s, bool givehelp)
3334 static const char * const usage_msgd[] = {
3335 " Debugging flag values: (see also -d)\n"
3336 " p Tokenizing and parsing (with v, displays parse stack)\n"
3337 " s Stack snapshots (with v, displays all stacks)\n"
3338 " l Context (loop) stack processing\n"
3339 " t Trace execution\n"
3340 " o Method and overloading resolution\n",
3341 " c String/numeric conversions\n"
3342 " P Print profiling info, source file input state\n"
3343 " m Memory and SV allocation\n"
3344 " f Format processing\n"
3345 " r Regular expression parsing and execution\n"
3346 " x Syntax tree dump\n",
3347 " u Tainting checks\n"
3348 " X Scratchpad allocation\n"
3350 " S Op slab allocation\n"
3352 " R Include reference counts of dumped variables (eg when using -Ds)\n",
3353 " J Do not s,t,P-debug (Jump over) opcodes within package DB\n"
3354 " v Verbose: use in conjunction with other flags\n"
3355 " C Copy On Write\n"
3356 " A Consistency checks on internal structures\n"
3357 " q quiet - currently only suppresses the 'EXECUTING' message\n"
3358 " M trace smart match resolution\n"
3359 " B dump suBroutine definitions, including special Blocks like BEGIN\n",
3360 " L trace some locale setting information--for Perl core development\n",
3361 " i trace PerlIO layer processing\n",
3362 " y trace y///, tr/// compilation and execution\n",
3363 " h Show (h)ash randomization debug output"
3364 " (changes to PL_hash_rand_bits)\n",
3369 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GET_DEBUG_OPTS;
3373 * If adding new options add them to the END of debopts[].
3374 * If you remove an option replace it with a '?'.
3375 * If there is a free slot available marked with '?' feel
3376 * free to reuse it for something else.
3378 * Regardles remember to update DEBUG_MASK in perl.h, and
3379 * update the documentation above AND in pod/perlrun.pod.
3381 * Note that the ? indicates an unused slot. As the code below
3382 * indicates the position in this list is important. You cannot
3383 * change the order or delete a character from the list without
3384 * impacting the definitions of all the other flags in perl.h
3385 * However because the logic is guarded by isWORDCHAR we can
3386 * fill in holes with non-wordchar characters instead. */
3387 static const char debopts[] = "psltocPmfrxuUhXDSTRJvCAqMBLiy";
3389 for (; isWORDCHAR(**s); (*s)++) {
3390 const char * const d = strchr(debopts,**s);
3392 uv |= 1 << (d - debopts);
3393 else if (ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
3394 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
3395 "invalid option -D%c, use -D'' to see choices\n", **s);
3398 else if (isDIGIT(**s)) {
3399 const char* e = *s + strlen(*s);
3400 if (grok_atoUV(*s, &uv, &e))
3402 for (; isWORDCHAR(**s); (*s)++) ;
3404 else if (givehelp) {
3405 const char *const *p = usage_msgd;
3406 while (*p) PerlIO_puts(PerlIO_stdout(), *p++);
3408 return (int)uv; /* ignore any UV->int conversion loss */
3412 /* This routine handles any switches that can be given during run */
3415 Perl_moreswitches(pTHX_ const char *s)
3418 const char option = *s; /* used to remember option in -m/-M code */
3420 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_MORESWITCHES;
3428 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rs);
3429 if (s[1] == 'x' && s[2]) {
3430 const char *e = s+=2;
3436 flags = PERL_SCAN_SILENT_ILLDIGIT;
3437 rschar = (U32)grok_hex(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
3438 if (s + numlen < e) {
3439 /* Continue to treat -0xFOO as -0 -xFOO
3440 * (ie NUL as the input record separator, and -x with FOO
3441 * as the directory argument)
3443 * hex support for -0 was only added in 5.8.1, hence this
3444 * heuristic to distinguish between it and '-0' clustered with
3445 * '-x' with an argument. The text following '-0x' is only
3446 * processed as the IRS specified in hexadecimal if all
3447 * characters are valid hex digits. */
3452 PL_rs = newSVpvs("");
3453 tmps = (U8*) SvGROW(PL_rs, (STRLEN)(UVCHR_SKIP(rschar) + 1));
3454 uvchr_to_utf8(tmps, rschar);
3455 SvCUR_set(PL_rs, UVCHR_SKIP(rschar));
3460 rschar = (U32)grok_oct(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
3461 if (rschar & ~((U8)~0))
3462 PL_rs = &PL_sv_undef;
3463 else if (!rschar && numlen >= 2)
3464 PL_rs = newSVpvs("");
3466 char ch = (char)rschar;
3467 PL_rs = newSVpvn(&ch, 1);
3470 sv_setsv(get_sv("/", GV_ADD), PL_rs);
3475 PL_unicode = parse_unicode_opts( (const char **)&s );
3476 if (PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_UTF8CACHEASSERT_FLAG)
3484 while (*s && !isSPACE(*s)) ++s;
3485 PL_splitstr = savepvn(PL_splitstr, s - PL_splitstr);
3497 forbid_setid('d', FALSE);
3500 /* -dt indicates to the debugger that threads will be used */
3501 if (*s == 't' && !isWORDCHAR(s[1])) {
3503 my_setenv("PERL5DB_THREADED", "1");
3506 /* The following permits -d:Mod to accepts arguments following an =
3507 in the fashion that -MSome::Mod does. */
3508 if (*s == ':' || *s == '=') {
3515 sv = newSVpvs("no Devel::");
3517 sv = newSVpvs("use Devel::");
3521 end = s + strlen(s);
3523 /* We now allow -d:Module=Foo,Bar and -d:-Module */
3524 while(isWORDCHAR(*s) || *s==':') ++s;
3526 sv_catpvn(sv, start, end - start);
3528 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
3529 /* Don't use NUL as q// delimiter here, this string goes in the
3531 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ sv, " split(/,/,q{%s});", ++s);
3534 my_setenv("PERL5DB", SvPV_nolen_const(sv));
3538 PL_perldb = PERLDB_ALL;
3545 forbid_setid('D', FALSE);
3547 PL_debug = get_debug_opts( (const char **)&s, 1) | DEBUG_TOP_FLAG;
3548 #else /* !DEBUGGING */
3549 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
3550 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
3551 "Recompile perl with -DDEBUGGING to use -D switch (did you mean -d ?)\n");
3552 for (s++; isWORDCHAR(*s); s++) ;
3555 NOT_REACHED; /* NOTREACHED */
3558 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rs);
3559 PL_rs = &PL_sv_undef;
3560 sv_setsv(get_sv("/", GV_ADD), PL_rs);
3567 NOT_REACHED; /* NOTREACHED */
3570 Safefree(PL_inplace);
3572 const char * const start = ++s;
3573 while (*s && !isSPACE(*s))
3576 PL_inplace = savepvn(start, s - start);
3579 case 'I': /* -I handled both here and in parse_body() */
3580 forbid_setid('I', FALSE);
3582 while (*s && isSPACE(*s))
3587 /* ignore trailing spaces (possibly followed by other switches) */
3589 for (e = p; *e && !isSPACE(*e); e++) ;
3593 } while (*p && *p != '-');
3595 INCPUSH_ADD_SUB_DIRS|INCPUSH_ADD_OLD_VERS|INCPUSH_UNSHIFT);
3601 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No directory specified for -I");
3607 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ors_sv);
3613 PL_ors_sv = newSVpvs("\n");
3614 numlen = 3 + (*s == '0');
3615 *SvPVX(PL_ors_sv) = (char)grok_oct(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
3619 if (RsPARA(PL_rs)) {
3620 PL_ors_sv = newSVpvs("\n\n");
3623 PL_ors_sv = newSVsv(PL_rs);
3628 forbid_setid('M', FALSE); /* XXX ? */
3631 forbid_setid('m', FALSE); /* XXX ? */
3636 const char *use = "use ";
3638 /* -M-foo == 'no foo' */
3639 /* Leading space on " no " is deliberate, to make both
3640 possibilities the same length. */
3641 if (*s == '-') { use = " no "; ++s; }
3642 sv = newSVpvn(use,4);
3644 /* We allow -M'Module qw(Foo Bar)' */
3645 while(isWORDCHAR(*s) || *s==':') {
3654 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Module name required with -%c option",
3657 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Invalid module name %.*s with -%c option: "
3658 "contains single ':'",
3659 (int)(s - start), start, option);
3660 end = s + strlen(s);
3662 sv_catpvn(sv, start, end - start);
3663 if (option == 'm') {
3665 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use '%c' after -mname", *s);
3666 sv_catpvs( sv, " ()");
3669 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
3670 /* Use NUL as q''-delimiter. */
3671 sv_catpvs(sv, " split(/,/,q\0");
3673 sv_catpvn(sv, s, end - s);
3674 sv_catpvs(sv, "\0)");
3677 Perl_av_create_and_push(aTHX_ &PL_preambleav, sv);
3680 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Missing argument to -%c", option);
3691 forbid_setid('s', FALSE);
3692 PL_doswitches = TRUE;
3697 #if defined(SILENT_NO_TAINT_SUPPORT)
3698 /* silently ignore */
3699 #elif defined(NO_TAINT_SUPPORT)
3700 Perl_croak_nocontext("This perl was compiled without taint support. "
3701 "Cowardly refusing to run with -t or -T flags");
3709 PL_do_undump = TRUE;
3719 if (! (PL_dowarn & G_WARN_ALL_MASK)) {
3720 PL_dowarn |= G_WARN_ON;
3725 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_ALL_ON|G_WARN_ON;
3726 free_and_set_cop_warnings(&PL_compiling, pWARN_ALL);
3730 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_ALL_OFF;
3731 free_and_set_cop_warnings(&PL_compiling, pWARN_NONE);
3738 if (s[0] == '-') /* Additional switches on #! line. */
3743 #if defined(WIN32) || !defined(PERL_STRICT_CR)
3749 #ifdef ALTERNATE_SHEBANG
3750 case 'S': /* OS/2 needs -S on "extproc" line. */
3753 case 'e': case 'f': case 'x': case 'E':
3754 #ifndef ALTERNATE_SHEBANG
3758 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't emulate -%.1s on #! line",s);
3761 "Unrecognized switch: -%.1s (-h will show valid options)",s
3771 PerlIO * PIO_stdout;
3773 const char * const level_str = "v" PERL_VERSION_STRING;
3774 const STRLEN level_len = sizeof("v" PERL_VERSION_STRING)-1;
3775 #ifdef PERL_PATCHNUM
3777 # ifdef PERL_GIT_UNCOMMITTED_CHANGES
3778 static const char num [] = PERL_PATCHNUM "*";
3780 static const char num [] = PERL_PATCHNUM;
3783 const STRLEN num_len = sizeof(num)-1;
3784 /* A very advanced compiler would fold away the strnEQ
3785 and this whole conditional, but most (all?) won't do it.
3786 SV level could also be replaced by with preprocessor
3789 if (num_len >= level_len && strnEQ(num,level_str,level_len)) {
3790 /* per 46807d8e80, PERL_PATCHNUM is outside of the control
3791 of the interp so it might contain format characters
3793 level = newSVpvn(num, num_len);
3795 level = Perl_newSVpvf_nocontext("%s (%s)", level_str, num);
3799 SV* level = newSVpvn(level_str, level_len);
3800 #endif /* #ifdef PERL_PATCHNUM */
3801 PIO_stdout = PerlIO_stdout();
3802 PerlIO_printf(PIO_stdout,
3803 "\nThis is perl " STRINGIFY(PERL_REVISION)
3804 ", version " STRINGIFY(PERL_VERSION)
3805 ", subversion " STRINGIFY(PERL_SUBVERSION)
3806 " (%" SVf ") built for " ARCHNAME, SVfARG(level)
3808 SvREFCNT_dec_NN(level);
3810 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
3811 if (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT > 0)
3812 PerlIO_printf(PIO_stdout,
3813 "\n(with %d registered patch%s, "
3814 "see perl -V for more detail)",
3816 (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT!=1) ? "es" : "");
3819 PerlIO_printf(PIO_stdout,
3820 "\n\nCopyright 1987-2022, Larry Wall\n");
3822 PerlIO_printf(PIO_stdout,
3823 "\n\nOS/2 port Copyright (c) 1990, 1991, Raymond Chen, Kai Uwe Rommel\n"
3824 "Version 5 port Copyright (c) 1994-2002, Andreas Kaiser, Ilya Zakharevich\n");
3827 PerlIO_printf(PIO_stdout,
3828 "MVS (OS390) port by Mortice Kern Systems, 1997-1999\n");
3831 PerlIO_printf(PIO_stdout,
3832 "Stratus OpenVOS port by Paul.Green@stratus.com, 1997-2013\n");
3835 PerlIO_printf(PIO_stdout,
3836 "BS2000 (POSIX) port by Start Amadeus GmbH, 1998-1999\n");
3838 #ifdef BINARY_BUILD_NOTICE
3839 BINARY_BUILD_NOTICE;
3841 PerlIO_printf(PIO_stdout,
3843 Perl may be copied only under the terms of either the Artistic License or the\n\
3844 GNU General Public License, which may be found in the Perl 5 source kit.\n\n\
3845 Complete documentation for Perl, including FAQ lists, should be found on\n\
3846 this system using \"man perl\" or \"perldoc perl\". If you have access to the\n\
3847 Internet, point your browser at https://www.perl.org/, the Perl Home Page.\n\n");
3851 /* compliments of Tom Christiansen */
3853 /* unexec() can be found in the Gnu emacs distribution */
3854 /* Known to work with -DUNEXEC and using unexelf.c from GNU emacs-20.2 */
3857 #include <lib$routines.h>
3861 Perl_my_unexec(pTHX)
3864 SV * prog = newSVpv(BIN_EXP, 0);
3865 SV * file = newSVpv(PL_origfilename, 0);
3869 sv_catpvs(prog, "/perl");
3870 sv_catpvs(file, ".perldump");
3872 unexec(SvPVX(file), SvPVX(prog), &etext, sbrk(0), 0);
3873 /* unexec prints msg to stderr in case of failure */
3874 PerlProc_exit(status);
3876 PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
3878 lib$signal(SS$_DEBUG); /* ssdef.h #included from vmsish.h */
3879 # elif defined(WIN32) || defined(__CYGWIN__)
3880 Perl_croak_nocontext("dump is not supported");
3882 ABORT(); /* for use with undump */
3887 /* initialize curinterp */
3892 # define PERLVAR(prefix,var,type)
3893 # define PERLVARA(prefix,var,n,type)
3894 # if defined(MULTIPLICITY)
3895 # define PERLVARI(prefix,var,type,init) aTHX->prefix##var = init;
3896 # define PERLVARIC(prefix,var,type,init) aTHX->prefix##var = init;
3898 # define PERLVARI(prefix,var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3899 # define PERLVARIC(prefix,var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3901 # include "intrpvar.h"
3907 # define PERLVAR(prefix,var,type)
3908 # define PERLVARA(prefix,var,n,type)
3909 # define PERLVARI(prefix,var,type,init) PL_##var = init;
3910 # define PERLVARIC(prefix,var,type,init) PL_##var = init;
3911 # include "intrpvar.h"
3921 S_init_main_stash(pTHX)
3926 PL_curstash = PL_defstash = (HV *)SvREFCNT_inc_simple_NN(hv);
3927 /* We know that the string "main" will be in the global shared string
3928 table, so it's a small saving to use it rather than allocate another
3930 PL_curstname = newSVpvs_share("main");
3931 gv = gv_fetchpvs("main::", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVHV);
3932 /* If we hadn't caused another reference to "main" to be in the shared
3933 string table above, then it would be worth reordering these two,
3934 because otherwise all we do is delete "main" from it as a consequence
3935 of the SvREFCNT_dec, only to add it again with hv_name_set */
3936 SvREFCNT_dec(GvHV(gv));
3937 hv_name_sets(PL_defstash, "main", 0);
3938 GvHV(gv) = MUTABLE_HV(SvREFCNT_inc_simple(PL_defstash));
3940 PL_incgv = gv_HVadd(gv_AVadd(gv_fetchpvs("INC", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL,
3942 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void(PL_incgv); /* Don't allow it to be freed */
3943 GvMULTI_on(PL_incgv);
3944 PL_hintgv = gv_fetchpvs("\010", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV); /* ^H */
3945 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void(PL_hintgv);
3946 GvMULTI_on(PL_hintgv);
3947 PL_defgv = gv_fetchpvs("_", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVAV);
3948 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void(PL_defgv);
3949 PL_errgv = gv_fetchpvs("@", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV);
3950 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void(PL_errgv);
3951 GvMULTI_on(PL_errgv);
3952 PL_replgv = gv_fetchpvs("\022", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV); /* ^R */
3953 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void(PL_replgv);
3954 GvMULTI_on(PL_replgv);
3955 (void)Perl_form(aTHX_ "%240s",""); /* Preallocate temp - for immediate signals. */
3956 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
3957 (void)gv_SVadd(PL_errgv);
3959 sv_grow(ERRSV, 240); /* Preallocate - for immediate signals. */
3961 CopSTASH_set(&PL_compiling, PL_defstash);
3962 PL_debstash = GvHV(gv_fetchpvs("DB::", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
3963 PL_globalstash = GvHV(gv_fetchpvs("CORE::GLOBAL::", GV_ADDMULTI,
3965 /* We must init $/ before switches are processed. */
3966 sv_setpvs(get_sv("/", GV_ADD), "\n");
3970 S_open_script(pTHX_ const char *scriptname, bool dosearch, bool *suidscript)
3973 PerlIO *rsfp = NULL;
3977 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_OPEN_SCRIPT;
3980 PL_origfilename = savepvs("-e");
3985 /* if find_script() returns, it returns a malloc()-ed value */
3986 scriptname = PL_origfilename = find_script(scriptname, dosearch, NULL, 1);
3987 s = scriptname + strlen(scriptname);
3989 if (strBEGINs(scriptname, "/dev/fd/")
3990 && isDIGIT(scriptname[8])
3991 && grok_atoUV(scriptname + 8, &uv, &s)
3992 && uv <= PERL_INT_MAX
3997 * Tell apart "normal" usage of fdscript, e.g.
3998 * with bash on FreeBSD:
3999 * perl <( echo '#!perl -DA'; echo 'print "$0\n"')
4000 * from usage in suidperl.
4001 * Does any "normal" usage leave garbage after the number???
4002 * Is it a mistake to use a similar /dev/fd/ construct for
4007 * Be supersafe and do some sanity-checks.
4008 * Still, can we be sure we got the right thing?
4011 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Wrong syntax (suid) fd script name \"%s\"\n", s);
4014 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Missing (suid) fd script name\n");
4016 scriptname = savepv(s + 1);
4017 Safefree(PL_origfilename);
4018 PL_origfilename = (char *)scriptname;
4023 CopFILE_free(PL_curcop);
4024 CopFILE_set(PL_curcop, PL_origfilename);
4025 if (*PL_origfilename == '-' && PL_origfilename[1] == '\0')
4026 scriptname = (char *)"";
4027 if (fdscript >= 0) {
4028 rsfp = PerlIO_fdopen(fdscript,PERL_SCRIPT_MODE);
4030 else if (!*scriptname) {
4031 forbid_setid(0, *suidscript);
4035 #ifdef FAKE_BIT_BUCKET
4036 /* This hack allows one not to have /dev/null (or BIT_BUCKET as it
4037 * is called) and still have the "-e" work. (Believe it or not,
4038 * a /dev/null is required for the "-e" to work because source
4039 * filter magic is used to implement it. ) This is *not* a general
4040 * replacement for a /dev/null. What we do here is create a temp
4041 * file (an empty file), open up that as the script, and then
4042 * immediately close and unlink it. Close enough for jazz. */
4043 #define FAKE_BIT_BUCKET_PREFIX "/tmp/perlnull-"
4044 #define FAKE_BIT_BUCKET_SUFFIX "XXXXXXXX"
4045 #define FAKE_BIT_BUCKET_TEMPLATE FAKE_BIT_BUCKET_PREFIX FAKE_BIT_BUCKET_SUFFIX
4046 char tmpname[sizeof(FAKE_BIT_BUCKET_TEMPLATE)] = {
4047 FAKE_BIT_BUCKET_TEMPLATE
4049 const char * const err = "Failed to create a fake bit bucket";
4050 if (strEQ(scriptname, BIT_BUCKET)) {
4051 int tmpfd = Perl_my_mkstemp_cloexec(tmpname);
4053 scriptname = tmpname;
4056 Perl_croak(aTHX_ err);
4059 rsfp = PerlIO_open(scriptname,PERL_SCRIPT_MODE);
4060 #ifdef FAKE_BIT_BUCKET
4061 if ( strBEGINs(scriptname, FAKE_BIT_BUCKET_PREFIX)
4062 && strlen(scriptname) == sizeof(tmpname) - 1)
4066 scriptname = BIT_BUCKET;
4070 /* PSz 16 Sep 03 Keep neat error message */
4072 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't open " BIT_BUCKET ": %s\n", Strerror(errno));
4074 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't open perl script \"%s\": %s\n",
4075 CopFILE(PL_curcop), Strerror(errno));
4077 fd = PerlIO_fileno(rsfp);
4080 (PerlLIO_fstat(fd, &tmpstatbuf) >= 0
4081 && S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode)))
4082 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't open perl script \"%s\": %s\n",
4089 /* In the days of suidperl, we refused to execute a setuid script stored on
4090 * a filesystem mounted nosuid and/or noexec. This meant that we probed for the
4091 * existence of the appropriate filesystem-statting function, and behaved
4092 * accordingly. But even though suidperl is long gone, we must still include
4093 * those probes for the benefit of modules like Filesys::Df, which expect the
4094 * results of those probes to be stored in %Config; see RT#126368. So mention
4095 * the relevant cpp symbols here, to ensure that metaconfig will include their
4096 * probes in the generated Configure:
4098 * I_SYSSTATVFS HAS_FSTATVFS
4100 * I_STATFS HAS_FSTATFS HAS_GETFSSTAT
4101 * I_MNTENT HAS_GETMNTENT HAS_HASMNTOPT
4105 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
4106 /* Don't even need this function. */
4109 S_validate_suid(pTHX_ PerlIO *rsfp)
4111 const Uid_t my_uid = PerlProc_getuid();
4112 const Uid_t my_euid = PerlProc_geteuid();
4113 const Gid_t my_gid = PerlProc_getgid();
4114 const Gid_t my_egid = PerlProc_getegid();
4116 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_VALIDATE_SUID;
4118 if (my_euid != my_uid || my_egid != my_gid) { /* (suidperl doesn't exist, in fact) */
4119 int fd = PerlIO_fileno(rsfp);
4121 if (fd < 0 || PerlLIO_fstat(fd, &statbuf) < 0) { /* may be either wrapped or real suid */
4122 Perl_croak_nocontext( "Illegal suidscript");
4124 if ((my_euid != my_uid && my_euid == statbuf.st_uid && statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID)
4126 (my_egid != my_gid && my_egid == statbuf.st_gid && statbuf.st_mode & S_ISGID)
4129 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET!\n\
4130 FIX YOUR KERNEL, PUT A C WRAPPER AROUND THIS SCRIPT, OR USE -u AND UNDUMP!\n");
4131 /* not set-id, must be wrapped */
4134 #endif /* SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW */
4137 S_find_beginning(pTHX_ SV* linestr_sv, PerlIO *rsfp)
4142 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_FIND_BEGINNING;
4144 /* skip forward in input to the real script? */
4147 if ((s = sv_gets(linestr_sv, rsfp, 0)) == NULL)
4148 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No Perl script found in input\n");
4150 } while (!(*s == '#' && s[1] == '!' && ((s = instr(s,"perl")) || (s = instr(s2,"PERL")))));
4151 PerlIO_ungetc(rsfp, '\n'); /* to keep line count right */
4152 while (*s && !(isSPACE (*s) || *s == '#')) s++;
4154 while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t') s++;
4156 while (isDIGIT(s2[-1]) || s2[-1] == '-' || s2[-1] == '.'
4157 || s2[-1] == '_') s2--;
4158 if (strBEGINs(s2-4,"perl"))
4159 while ((s = moreswitches(s)))
4168 /* no need to do anything here any more if we don't
4170 #ifndef NO_TAINT_SUPPORT
4171 const Uid_t my_uid = PerlProc_getuid();
4172 const Uid_t my_euid = PerlProc_geteuid();
4173 const Gid_t my_gid = PerlProc_getgid();
4174 const Gid_t my_egid = PerlProc_getegid();
4176 PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
4178 /* Should not happen: */
4179 CHECK_MALLOC_TAINT(my_uid && (my_euid != my_uid || my_egid != my_gid));
4180 TAINTING_set( TAINTING_get | (my_uid && (my_euid != my_uid || my_egid != my_gid)) );
4184 * Should go by suidscript, not uid!=euid: why disallow
4185 * system("ls") in scripts run from setuid things?
4186 * Or, is this run before we check arguments and set suidscript?
4187 * What about SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW: could we use fdscript then?
4188 * (We never have suidscript, can we be sure to have fdscript?)
4189 * Or must then go by UID checks? See comments in forbid_setid also.
4193 /* This is used very early in the lifetime of the program,
4194 * before even the options are parsed, so PL_tainting has
4195 * not been initialized properly. */
4197 Perl_doing_taint(int argc, char *argv[], char *envp[])
4199 #ifndef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
4200 /* If we have PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS we can't call getuid() et alia
4201 * before we have an interpreter-- and the whole point of this
4202 * function is to be called at such an early stage. If you are on
4203 * a system with PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS but you do have a concept of
4204 * "tainted because running with altered effective ids', you'll
4205 * have to add your own checks somewhere in here. The most known
4206 * sample of 'implicitness' is Win32, which doesn't have much of
4207 * concept of 'uids'. */
4208 Uid_t uid = PerlProc_getuid();
4209 Uid_t euid = PerlProc_geteuid();
4210 Gid_t gid = PerlProc_getgid();
4211 Gid_t egid = PerlProc_getegid();
4218 if (uid && (euid != uid || egid != gid))
4220 #endif /* !PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS */
4221 /* This is a really primitive check; environment gets ignored only
4222 * if -T are the first chars together; otherwise one gets
4223 * "Too late" message. */
4224 if ( argc > 1 && argv[1][0] == '-'
4225 && isALPHA_FOLD_EQ(argv[1][1], 't'))
4230 /* Passing the flag as a single char rather than a string is a slight space
4231 optimisation. The only message that isn't /^-.$/ is
4232 "program input from stdin", which is substituted in place of '\0', which
4233 could never be a command line flag. */
4235 S_forbid_setid(pTHX_ const char flag, const bool suidscript) /* g */
4237 char string[3] = "-x";
4238 const char *message = "program input from stdin";
4240 PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
4246 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
4247 if (PerlProc_getuid() != PerlProc_geteuid())
4248 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed while running setuid", message);
4249 if (PerlProc_getgid() != PerlProc_getegid())
4250 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed while running setgid", message);
4251 #endif /* SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW */
4253 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed with (suid) fdscript", message);
4257 Perl_init_dbargs(pTHX)
4259 AV *const args = PL_dbargs = GvAV(gv_AVadd((gv_fetchpvs("DB::args",
4264 /* Someone has already created it.
4265 It might have entries, and if we just turn off AvREAL(), they will
4266 "leak" until global destruction. */
4268 if (SvTIED_mg((const SV *)args, PERL_MAGIC_tied))
4269 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Cannot set tied @DB::args");
4271 AvREIFY_only(PL_dbargs);
4275 Perl_init_debugger(pTHX)
4277 HV * const ostash = PL_curstash;
4280 PL_curstash = (HV *)SvREFCNT_inc_simple(PL_debstash);
4282 Perl_init_dbargs(aTHX);
4283 PL_DBgv = MUTABLE_GV(
4284 SvREFCNT_inc(gv_fetchpvs("DB::DB", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVGV))
4286 PL_DBline = MUTABLE_GV(
4287 SvREFCNT_inc(gv_fetchpvs("DB::dbline", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVAV))
4289 PL_DBsub = MUTABLE_GV(SvREFCNT_inc(
4290 gv_HVadd(gv_fetchpvs("DB::sub", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV))
4292 PL_DBsingle = GvSV((gv_fetchpvs("DB::single", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
4293 if (!SvIOK(PL_DBsingle))
4294 sv_setiv(PL_DBsingle, 0);
4295 mg = sv_magicext(PL_DBsingle, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_debugvar, &PL_vtbl_debugvar, 0, 0);
4296 mg->mg_private = DBVARMG_SINGLE;
4297 SvSETMAGIC(PL_DBsingle);
4299 PL_DBtrace = GvSV((gv_fetchpvs("DB::trace", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
4300 if (!SvIOK(PL_DBtrace))
4301 sv_setiv(PL_DBtrace, 0);
4302 mg = sv_magicext(PL_DBtrace, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_debugvar, &PL_vtbl_debugvar, 0, 0);
4303 mg->mg_private = DBVARMG_TRACE;
4304 SvSETMAGIC(PL_DBtrace);
4306 PL_DBsignal = GvSV((gv_fetchpvs("DB::signal", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
4307 if (!SvIOK(PL_DBsignal))
4308 sv_setiv(PL_DBsignal, 0);
4309 mg = sv_magicext(PL_DBsignal, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_debugvar, &PL_vtbl_debugvar, 0, 0);
4310 mg->mg_private = DBVARMG_SIGNAL;
4311 SvSETMAGIC(PL_DBsignal);
4313 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_curstash);
4314 PL_curstash = ostash;
4317 #ifndef STRESS_REALLOC
4318 #define REASONABLE(size) (size)
4319 #define REASONABLE_but_at_least(size,min) (size)
4321 #define REASONABLE(size) (1) /* unreasonable */
4322 #define REASONABLE_but_at_least(size,min) (min)
4326 Perl_init_stacks(pTHX)
4330 /* start with 128-item stack and 8K cxstack */
4331 PL_curstackinfo = new_stackinfo(REASONABLE(128),
4332 REASONABLE(8192/sizeof(PERL_CONTEXT) - 1));
4333 PL_curstackinfo->si_type = PERLSI_MAIN;
4334 #if defined DEBUGGING && !defined DEBUGGING_RE_ONLY
4335 PL_curstackinfo->si_stack_hwm = 0;
4337 PL_curstack = PL_curstackinfo->si_stack;
4338 PL_mainstack = PL_curstack; /* remember in case we switch stacks */
4340 PL_stack_base = AvARRAY(PL_curstack);
4341 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base;
4342 PL_stack_max = PL_stack_base + AvMAX(PL_curstack);
4344 Newxz(PL_tmps_stack,REASONABLE(128),SV*);
4347 PL_tmps_max = REASONABLE(128);
4349 Newxz(PL_markstack,REASONABLE(32),I32);
4350 PL_markstack_ptr = PL_markstack;
4351 PL_markstack_max = PL_markstack + REASONABLE(32);
4355 Newxz(PL_scopestack,REASONABLE(32),I32);
4357 Newxz(PL_scopestack_name,REASONABLE(32),const char*);
4359 PL_scopestack_ix = 0;
4360 PL_scopestack_max = REASONABLE(32);
4362 size = REASONABLE_but_at_least(128,SS_MAXPUSH);
4363 Newxz(PL_savestack, size, ANY);
4364 PL_savestack_ix = 0;
4365 /*PL_savestack_max lies: it always has SS_MAXPUSH more than it claims */
4366 PL_savestack_max = size - SS_MAXPUSH;
4374 while (PL_curstackinfo->si_next)
4375 PL_curstackinfo = PL_curstackinfo->si_next;
4376 while (PL_curstackinfo) {
4377 PERL_SI *p = PL_curstackinfo->si_prev;
4378 /* curstackinfo->si_stack got nuked by sv_free_arenas() */
4379 Safefree(PL_curstackinfo->si_cxstack);
4380 Safefree(PL_curstackinfo);
4381 PL_curstackinfo = p;
4383 Safefree(PL_tmps_stack);
4384 Safefree(PL_markstack);
4385 Safefree(PL_scopestack);
4387 Safefree(PL_scopestack_name);
4389 Safefree(PL_savestack);
4393 Perl_populate_isa(pTHX_ const char *name, STRLEN len, ...)
4395 GV *const gv = gv_fetchpvn(name, len, GV_ADD | GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVAV);
4396 AV *const isa = GvAVn(gv);
4399 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_POPULATE_ISA;
4401 if(AvFILLp(isa) != -1)
4404 /* NOTE: No support for tied ISA */
4406 va_start(args, len);
4408 const char *const parent = va_arg(args, const char*);
4413 parent_len = va_arg(args, size_t);
4415 /* Arguments are supplied with a trailing :: */
4416 assert(parent_len > 2);
4417 assert(parent[parent_len - 1] == ':');
4418 assert(parent[parent_len - 2] == ':');
4419 av_push(isa, newSVpvn(parent, parent_len - 2));
4420 (void) gv_fetchpvn(parent, parent_len, GV_ADD, SVt_PVGV);
4427 S_init_predump_symbols(pTHX)
4432 sv_setpvs(get_sv("\"", GV_ADD), " ");
4433 PL_ofsgv = (GV*)SvREFCNT_inc(gv_fetchpvs(",", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV));
4436 /* Historically, PVIOs were blessed into IO::Handle, unless
4437 FileHandle was loaded, in which case they were blessed into
4438 that. Action at a distance.
4439 However, if we simply bless into IO::Handle, we break code
4440 that assumes that PVIOs will have (among others) a seek
4441 method. IO::File inherits from IO::Handle and IO::Seekable,
4442 and provides the needed methods. But if we simply bless into
4443 it, then we break code that assumed that by loading
4444 IO::Handle, *it* would work.
4445 So a compromise is to set up the correct @IO::File::ISA,
4446 so that code that does C<use IO::Handle>; will still work.
4449 Perl_populate_isa(aTHX_ STR_WITH_LEN("IO::File::ISA"),
4450 STR_WITH_LEN("IO::Handle::"),
4451 STR_WITH_LEN("IO::Seekable::"),
4452 STR_WITH_LEN("Exporter::"),
4455 PL_stdingv = gv_fetchpvs("STDIN", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVIO);
4456 GvMULTI_on(PL_stdingv);
4457 io = GvIOp(PL_stdingv);
4458 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_RDONLY;
4459 IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stdin();
4460 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("stdin", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV);
4462 GvIOp(tmpgv) = MUTABLE_IO(SvREFCNT_inc_simple(io));
4464 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("STDOUT", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVIO);
4467 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_WRONLY;
4468 IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stdout();
4470 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("stdout", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV);
4472 GvIOp(tmpgv) = MUTABLE_IO(SvREFCNT_inc_simple(io));
4474 PL_stderrgv = gv_fetchpvs("STDERR", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVIO);
4475 GvMULTI_on(PL_stderrgv);
4476 io = GvIOp(PL_stderrgv);
4477 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_WRONLY;
4478 IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stderr();
4479 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("stderr", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV);
4481 GvIOp(tmpgv) = MUTABLE_IO(SvREFCNT_inc_simple(io));
4483 PL_statname = newSVpvs(""); /* last filename we did stat on */
4487 Perl_init_argv_symbols(pTHX_ int argc, char **argv)
4489 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_INIT_ARGV_SYMBOLS;
4491 argc--,argv++; /* skip name of script */
4492 if (PL_doswitches) {
4493 for (; argc > 0 && **argv == '-'; argc--,argv++) {
4497 if (argv[0][1] == '-' && !argv[0][2]) {
4501 if ((s = strchr(argv[0], '='))) {
4502 const char *const start_name = argv[0] + 1;
4503 sv_setpv(GvSV(gv_fetchpvn_flags(start_name, s - start_name,
4504 TRUE, SVt_PV)), s + 1);
4507 sv_setiv(GvSV(gv_fetchpv(argv[0]+1, GV_ADD, SVt_PV)),1);
4510 if ((PL_argvgv = gv_fetchpvs("ARGV", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVAV))) {
4511 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN(PL_argvgv);
4512 GvMULTI_on(PL_argvgv);
4513 av_clear(GvAVn(PL_argvgv));
4514 for (; argc > 0; argc--,argv++) {
4515 SV * const sv = newSVpv(argv[0],0);
4516 av_push(GvAV(PL_argvgv),sv);
4517 if (!(PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_LOCALE_FLAG) || PL_utf8locale) {
4518 if (PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_ARGV_FLAG)
4521 if (PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_WIDESYSCALLS_FLAG) /* Sarathy? */
4522 (void)sv_utf8_decode(sv);
4526 if (PL_inplace && (!PL_argvgv || AvFILL(GvAV(PL_argvgv)) == -1))
4527 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INPLACE),
4528 "-i used with no filenames on the command line, "
4529 "reading from STDIN");
4533 S_init_postdump_symbols(pTHX_ int argc, char **argv, char **env)
4537 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_INIT_POSTDUMP_SYMBOLS;
4539 PL_toptarget = newSV_type(SVt_PVIV);
4540 SvPVCLEAR(PL_toptarget);
4541 PL_bodytarget = newSV_type(SVt_PVIV);
4542 SvPVCLEAR(PL_bodytarget);
4543 PL_formtarget = PL_bodytarget;
4547 init_argv_symbols(argc,argv);
4549 if ((tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("0", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV))) {
4550 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),PL_origfilename);
4552 if ((PL_envgv = gv_fetchpvs("ENV", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVHV))) {
4554 bool env_is_not_environ;
4555 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN(PL_envgv);
4556 GvMULTI_on(PL_envgv);
4557 hv = GvHVn(PL_envgv);
4558 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_env);
4560 #ifdef USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY
4561 /* Note that if the supplied env parameter is actually a copy
4562 of the global environ then it may now point to free'd memory
4563 if the environment has been modified since. To avoid this
4564 problem we treat env==NULL as meaning 'use the default'
4568 env_is_not_environ = env != environ;
4569 if (env_is_not_environ
4570 # ifdef USE_ITHREADS
4571 && PL_curinterp == aTHX
4579 char **env_copy = env;
4586 count = env_copy - env;
4588 if (count > PERL_HASH_DEFAULT_HvMAX) {
4589 /* This might be an over-estimate (due to dups and other skips),
4590 * but if so likely it won't hurt much.
4591 * A straw poll of login environments I have suggests that
4592 * between 23 and 52 environment variables are typical (and no
4593 * dups). As the default hash size is 8 buckets, expanding in
4594 * advance saves between 2 and 3 splits in the loop below. */
4595 hv_ksplit(hv, count);
4599 for (; *env; env++) {
4600 char *old_var = *env;
4601 char *s = strchr(old_var, '=');
4605 if (!s || s == old_var)
4610 /* It's tempting to think that this hv_exists/hv_store pair should
4611 * be replaced with a single hv_fetch with the LVALUE flag true.
4612 * However, hv has magic, and if you follow the code in hv_common
4613 * then for LVALUE fetch it recurses once, whereas exists and
4614 * store do not recurse. Hence internally there would be no
4615 * difference in the complexity of the code run. Moreover, all
4616 * calls pass through "is there magic?" special case code, which
4617 * in turn has its own #ifdef ENV_IS_CASELESS special case special
4618 * case. Hence this code shouldn't change, as doing so won't give
4619 * any meaningful speedup, and might well add bugs. */
4621 if (hv_exists(hv, old_var, nlen)) {
4623 const char *name = savepvn(old_var, nlen);
4625 /* make sure we use the same value as getenv(), otherwise code that
4626 uses getenv() (like setlocale()) might see a different value to %ENV
4628 sv = newSVpv(PerlEnv_getenv(name), 0);
4630 /* keep a count of the dups of this name so we can de-dup environ later */
4631 dup = hv_fetch(dups, name, nlen, TRUE);
4639 sv = newSVpv(s+1, 0);
4641 (void)hv_store(hv, old_var, nlen, sv, 0);
4642 if (env_is_not_environ)
4645 if (HvTOTALKEYS(dups)) {
4646 /* environ has some duplicate definitions, remove them */
4649 while ((entry = hv_iternext_flags(dups, 0))) {
4651 const char *name = HePV(entry, nlen);
4652 IV count = SvIV(HeVAL(entry));
4654 SV **valp = hv_fetch(hv, name, nlen, 0);
4658 /* try to remove any duplicate names, depending on the
4659 * implementation used in my_setenv() the iteration might
4660 * not be necessary, but let's be safe.
4662 for (i = 0; i < count; ++i)
4665 /* and set it back to the value we set $ENV{name} to */
4666 my_setenv(name, SvPV_nolen(*valp));
4669 SvREFCNT_dec_NN(dups);
4671 #endif /* USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY */
4672 #endif /* !PERL_MICRO */
4676 /* touch @F array to prevent spurious warnings 20020415 MJD */
4678 (void) get_av("main::F", GV_ADD | GV_ADDMULTI);
4683 S_init_perllib(pTHX)
4686 const char *perl5lib = NULL;
4689 #if defined(WIN32) && !defined(PERL_IS_MINIPERL)
4693 if (!TAINTING_get) {
4695 perl5lib = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL5LIB");
4697 * It isn't possible to delete an environment variable with
4698 * PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV set unless unsetenv() is also available, so in that
4699 * case we treat PERL5LIB as undefined if it has a zero-length value.
4701 #if defined(PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV) && ! defined(HAS_UNSETENV)
4702 if (perl5lib && *perl5lib != '\0')
4706 incpush_use_sep(perl5lib, 0, INCPUSH_ADD_SUB_DIRS);
4708 s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERLLIB");
4710 incpush_use_sep(s, 0, 0);
4713 /* Treat PERL5?LIB as a possible search list logical name -- the
4714 * "natural" VMS idiom for a Unix path string. We allow each
4715 * element to be a set of |-separated directories for compatibility.
4719 if (vmstrnenv("PERL5LIB",buf,0,NULL,0))
4721 incpush_use_sep(buf, 0, INCPUSH_ADD_SUB_DIRS);
4722 } while (vmstrnenv("PERL5LIB",buf,++idx,NULL,0));
4724 while (vmstrnenv("PERLLIB",buf,idx++,NULL,0))
4725 incpush_use_sep(buf, 0, 0);
4730 #ifndef PERL_IS_MINIPERL
4731 /* miniperl gets just -I..., the split of $ENV{PERL5LIB}, and "." in @INC
4732 (and not the architecture specific directories from $ENV{PERL5LIB}) */
4734 #include "perl_inc_macro.h"
4735 /* Use the ~-expanded versions of APPLLIB (undocumented),
4736 SITEARCH, SITELIB, VENDORARCH, VENDORLIB, ARCHLIB and PRIVLIB
4739 INCPUSH_SITEARCH_EXP
4741 INCPUSH_PERL_VENDORARCH_EXP
4742 INCPUSH_PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP
4745 INCPUSH_PERL_OTHERLIBDIRS
4747 INCPUSH_APPLLIB_OLD_EXP
4748 INCPUSH_SITELIB_STEM
4749 INCPUSH_PERL_VENDORLIB_STEM
4750 INCPUSH_PERL_OTHERLIBDIRS_ARCHONLY
4752 #endif /* !PERL_IS_MINIPERL */
4754 if (!TAINTING_get) {
4755 #if !defined(PERL_IS_MINIPERL) && defined(DEFAULT_INC_EXCLUDES_DOT)
4756 const char * const unsafe = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_USE_UNSAFE_INC");
4757 if (unsafe && strEQ(unsafe, "1"))
4759 S_incpush(aTHX_ STR_WITH_LEN("."), 0);
4764 # define PERLLIB_SEP ';'
4765 #elif defined(__VMS)
4766 # define PERLLIB_SEP PL_perllib_sep
4768 # define PERLLIB_SEP ':'
4770 #ifndef PERLLIB_MANGLE
4771 # define PERLLIB_MANGLE(s,n) (s)
4774 #ifndef PERL_IS_MINIPERL
4775 /* Push a directory onto @INC if it exists.
4776 Generate a new SV if we do this, to save needing to copy the SV we push
4779 S_incpush_if_exists(pTHX_ AV *const av, SV *dir, SV *const stem)
4783 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_INCPUSH_IF_EXISTS;
4785 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX_const(dir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 &&
4786 S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode)) {
4788 dir = newSVsv(stem);
4790 /* Truncate dir back to stem. */
4791 SvCUR_set(dir, SvCUR(stem));
4798 S_mayberelocate(pTHX_ const char *const dir, STRLEN len, U32 flags)
4800 const U8 canrelocate = (U8)flags & INCPUSH_CAN_RELOCATE;
4803 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_MAYBERELOCATE;
4806 /* I am not convinced that this is valid when PERLLIB_MANGLE is
4807 defined to so something (in os2/os2.c), but the code has been
4808 this way, ignoring any possible changed of length, since
4809 760ac839baf413929cd31cc32ffd6dba6b781a81 (5.003_02) so I'll leave
4811 libdir = newSVpvn(PERLLIB_MANGLE(dir, len), len);
4817 if ((unix = tounixspec_ts(SvPV(libdir,len),NULL)) != NULL) {
4819 while (len > 1 && unix[len-1] == '/') len--; /* Cosmetic */
4820 sv_usepvn(libdir,unix,len);
4823 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log,
4824 "Failed to unixify @INC element \"%s\"\n",
4825 SvPV_nolen_const(libdir));
4829 /* Do the if() outside the #ifdef to avoid warnings about an unused
4832 #ifdef PERL_RELOCATABLE_INC
4834 * Relocatable include entries are marked with a leading .../
4837 * 0: Remove that leading ".../"
4838 * 1: Remove trailing executable name (anything after the last '/')
4839 * from the perl path to give a perl prefix
4841 * While the @INC element starts "../" and the prefix ends with a real
4842 * directory (ie not . or ..) chop that real directory off the prefix
4843 * and the leading "../" from the @INC element. ie a logical "../"
4845 * Finally concatenate the prefix and the remainder of the @INC element
4846 * The intent is that /usr/local/bin/perl and .../../lib/perl5
4847 * generates /usr/local/lib/perl5
4849 const char *libpath = SvPVX(libdir);
4850 STRLEN libpath_len = SvCUR(libdir);
4851 if (memBEGINs(libpath, libpath_len, ".../")) {
4853 SV * const caret_X = get_sv("\030", 0);
4854 /* Going to use the SV just as a scratch buffer holding a C
4860 /* $^X is *the* source of taint if tainting is on, hence
4861 SvPOK() won't be true. */
4863 assert(SvPOKp(caret_X));
4864 prefix_sv = newSVpvn_flags(SvPVX(caret_X), SvCUR(caret_X),
4866 /* Firstly take off the leading .../
4867 If all else fail we'll do the paths relative to the current
4869 sv_chop(libdir, libpath + 4);
4870 /* Don't use SvPV as we're intentionally bypassing taining,
4871 mortal copies that the mg_get of tainting creates, and
4872 corruption that seems to come via the save stack.
4873 I guess that the save stack isn't correctly set up yet. */
4874 libpath = SvPVX(libdir);
4875 libpath_len = SvCUR(libdir);
4877 prefix = SvPVX(prefix_sv);
4878 lastslash = (char *) my_memrchr(prefix, '/',
4879 SvEND(prefix_sv) - prefix);
4881 /* First time in with the *lastslash = '\0' we just wipe off
4882 the trailing /perl from (say) /usr/foo/bin/perl
4886 while ((*lastslash = '\0'), /* Do that, come what may. */
4887 ( memBEGINs(libpath, libpath_len, "../")
4889 (char *) my_memrchr(prefix, '/',
4890 SvEND(prefix_sv) - prefix))))
4892 if (lastslash[1] == '\0'
4893 || (lastslash[1] == '.'
4894 && (lastslash[2] == '/' /* ends "/." */
4895 || (lastslash[2] == '/'
4896 && lastslash[3] == '/' /* or "/.." */
4898 /* Prefix ends "/" or "/." or "/..", any of which
4899 are fishy, so don't do any more logical cleanup.
4903 /* Remove leading "../" from path */
4906 /* Next iteration round the loop removes the last
4907 directory name from prefix by writing a '\0' in
4908 the while clause. */
4910 /* prefix has been terminated with a '\0' to the correct
4911 length. libpath points somewhere into the libdir SV.
4912 We need to join the 2 with '/' and drop the result into
4914 tempsv = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "%s/%s", prefix, libpath);
4915 SvREFCNT_dec(libdir);
4916 /* And this is the new libdir. */
4919 (PerlProc_getuid() != PerlProc_geteuid() ||
4920 PerlProc_getgid() != PerlProc_getegid())) {
4921 /* Need to taint relocated paths if running set ID */
4922 SvTAINTED_on(libdir);
4925 SvREFCNT_dec(prefix_sv);
4933 S_incpush(pTHX_ const char *const dir, STRLEN len, U32 flags)
4935 #ifndef PERL_IS_MINIPERL
4936 const U8 using_sub_dirs
4937 = (U8)flags & (INCPUSH_ADD_VERSIONED_SUB_DIRS
4938 |INCPUSH_ADD_ARCHONLY_SUB_DIRS|INCPUSH_ADD_OLD_VERS);
4939 const U8 add_versioned_sub_dirs
4940 = (U8)flags & INCPUSH_ADD_VERSIONED_SUB_DIRS;
4941 const U8 add_archonly_sub_dirs
4942 = (U8)flags & INCPUSH_ADD_ARCHONLY_SUB_DIRS;
4943 #ifdef PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST
4944 const U8 addoldvers = (U8)flags & INCPUSH_ADD_OLD_VERS;
4947 const U8 unshift = (U8)flags & INCPUSH_UNSHIFT;
4948 const U8 push_basedir = (flags & INCPUSH_NOT_BASEDIR) ? 0 : 1;
4949 AV *const inc = GvAVn(PL_incgv);
4951 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_INCPUSH;
4954 /* Could remove this vestigial extra block, if we don't mind a lot of
4955 re-indenting diff noise. */
4957 SV *const libdir = mayberelocate(dir, len, flags);
4958 /* Change 20189146be79a0596543441fa369c6bf7f85103f, to fix RT#6665,
4959 arranged to unshift #! line -I onto the front of @INC. However,
4960 -I can add version and architecture specific libraries, and they
4961 need to go first. The old code assumed that it was always
4962 pushing. Hence to make it work, need to push the architecture
4963 (etc) libraries onto a temporary array, then "unshift" that onto
4964 the front of @INC. */
4965 #ifndef PERL_IS_MINIPERL
4966 AV *const av = (using_sub_dirs) ? (unshift ? newAV() : inc) : NULL;
4969 * BEFORE pushing libdir onto @INC we may first push version- and
4970 * archname-specific sub-directories.
4972 if (using_sub_dirs) {
4973 SV *subdir = newSVsv(libdir);
4974 #ifdef PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST
4975 /* Configure terminates PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST with a NULL */
4976 const char * const incverlist[] = { PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST };
4977 const char * const *incver;
4980 if (add_versioned_sub_dirs) {
4981 /* .../version/archname if -d .../version/archname */
4982 sv_catpvs(subdir, "/" PERL_FS_VERSION "/" ARCHNAME);
4983 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ av, subdir, libdir);
4985 /* .../version if -d .../version */
4986 sv_catpvs(subdir, "/" PERL_FS_VERSION);
4987 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ av, subdir, libdir);
4990 #ifdef PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST
4992 for (incver = incverlist; *incver; incver++) {
4993 /* .../xxx if -d .../xxx */
4994 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "/%s", *incver);
4995 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ av, subdir, libdir);
5000 if (add_archonly_sub_dirs) {
5001 /* .../archname if -d .../archname */
5002 sv_catpvs(subdir, "/" ARCHNAME);
5003 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ av, subdir, libdir);
5007 assert (SvREFCNT(subdir) == 1);
5008 SvREFCNT_dec(subdir);
5010 #endif /* !PERL_IS_MINIPERL */
5011 /* finally add this lib directory at the end of @INC */
5013 #ifdef PERL_IS_MINIPERL
5014 const Size_t extra = 0;
5016 Size_t extra = av_count(av);
5018 av_unshift(inc, extra + push_basedir);
5020 av_store(inc, extra, libdir);
5021 #ifndef PERL_IS_MINIPERL
5023 /* av owns a reference, av_store() expects to be donated a
5024 reference, and av expects to be sane when it's cleared.
5025 If I wanted to be naughty and wrong, I could peek inside the
5026 implementation of av_clear(), realise that it uses
5027 SvREFCNT_dec() too, so av's array could be a run of NULLs,
5028 and so directly steal from it (with a memcpy() to inc, and
5029 then memset() to NULL them out. But people copy code from the
5030 core expecting it to be best practise, so let's use the API.
5031 Although studious readers will note that I'm not checking any
5033 av_store(inc, extra, SvREFCNT_inc(*av_fetch(av, extra, FALSE)));
5038 else if (push_basedir) {
5039 av_push(inc, libdir);
5042 if (!push_basedir) {
5043 assert (SvREFCNT(libdir) == 1);
5044 SvREFCNT_dec(libdir);
5050 S_incpush_use_sep(pTHX_ const char *p, STRLEN len, U32 flags)
5054 /* This logic has been broken out from S_incpush(). It may be possible to
5057 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_INCPUSH_USE_SEP;
5059 /* perl compiled with -DPERL_RELOCATABLE_INCPUSH will ignore the len
5060 * argument to incpush_use_sep. This allows creation of relocatable
5061 * Perl distributions that patch the binary at install time. Those
5062 * distributions will have to provide their own relocation tools; this
5063 * is not a feature otherwise supported by core Perl.
5065 #ifndef PERL_RELOCATABLE_INCPUSH
5072 /* Break at all separators */
5073 while ((s = (const char*)memchr(p, PERLLIB_SEP, end - p))) {
5075 /* skip any consecutive separators */
5077 /* Uncomment the next line for PATH semantics */
5078 /* But you'll need to write tests */
5079 /* av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), newSVpvs(".")); */
5081 incpush(p, (STRLEN)(s - p), flags);
5086 incpush(p, (STRLEN)(end - p), flags);
5091 Perl_call_list(pTHX_ I32 oldscope, AV *paramList)
5094 volatile const line_t oldline = PL_curcop ? CopLINE(PL_curcop) : 0;
5100 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CALL_LIST;
5102 while (av_count(paramList) > 0) {
5103 cv = MUTABLE_CV(av_shift(paramList));
5105 if (paramList == PL_beginav) {
5106 /* save PL_beginav for compiler */
5107 Perl_av_create_and_push(aTHX_ &PL_beginav_save, MUTABLE_SV(cv));
5109 else if (paramList == PL_checkav) {
5110 /* save PL_checkav for compiler */
5111 Perl_av_create_and_push(aTHX_ &PL_checkav_save, MUTABLE_SV(cv));
5113 else if (paramList == PL_unitcheckav) {
5114 /* save PL_unitcheckav for compiler */
5115 Perl_av_create_and_push(aTHX_ &PL_unitcheckav_save, MUTABLE_SV(cv));
5125 (void)SvPV_const(atsv, len);
5127 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
5128 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
5129 if (paramList == PL_beginav)
5130 sv_catpvs(atsv, "BEGIN failed--compilation aborted");
5132 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ atsv,
5133 "%s failed--call queue aborted",
5134 paramList == PL_checkav ? "CHECK"
5135 : paramList == PL_initav ? "INIT"
5136 : paramList == PL_unitcheckav ? "UNITCHECK"
5138 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
5141 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%" SVf, SVfARG(atsv));
5148 /* my_exit() was called */
5149 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
5152 SET_CURSTASH(PL_defstash);
5153 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
5154 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
5157 NOT_REACHED; /* NOTREACHED */
5160 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
5161 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
5164 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: restartop in call_list\n");
5175 A wrapper for the C library L<exit(3)>, honoring what L<perlapi/PL_exit_flags>
5182 Perl_my_exit(pTHX_ U32 status)
5184 if (PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_ABORT) {
5187 if (PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_WARN) {
5188 PL_exit_flags |= PERL_EXIT_ABORT; /* Protect against reentrant calls */
5189 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "Unexpected exit %lu", (unsigned long)status);
5190 PL_exit_flags &= ~PERL_EXIT_ABORT;
5200 STATUS_EXIT_SET(status);
5207 Perl_my_failure_exit(pTHX)
5210 /* We have been called to fall on our sword. The desired exit code
5211 * should be already set in STATUS_UNIX, but could be shifted over
5212 * by 8 bits. STATUS_UNIX_EXIT_SET will handle the cases where a
5215 * If an error code has not been set, then force the issue.
5217 if (MY_POSIX_EXIT) {
5219 /* According to the die_exit.t tests, if errno is non-zero */
5220 /* It should be used for the error status. */
5222 if (errno == EVMSERR) {
5223 STATUS_NATIVE = vaxc$errno;
5226 /* According to die_exit.t tests, if the child_exit code is */
5227 /* also zero, then we need to exit with a code of 255 */
5228 if ((errno != 0) && (errno < 256))
5229 STATUS_UNIX_EXIT_SET(errno);
5230 else if (STATUS_UNIX < 255) {
5231 STATUS_UNIX_EXIT_SET(255);
5236 /* The exit code could have been set by $? or vmsish which
5237 * means that it may not have fatal set. So convert
5238 * success/warning codes to fatal with out changing
5239 * the POSIX status code. The severity makes VMS native
5240 * status handling work, while UNIX mode programs use the
5243 if ((STATUS_NATIVE & (STS$K_SEVERE|STS$K_ERROR)) == 0) {
5244 STATUS_NATIVE &= STS$M_COND_ID;
5245 STATUS_NATIVE |= STS$K_ERROR | STS$M_INHIB_MSG;
5249 /* Traditionally Perl on VMS always expects a Fatal Error. */
5250 if (vaxc$errno & 1) {
5252 /* So force success status to failure */
5253 if (STATUS_NATIVE & 1)
5258 STATUS_UNIX = EINTR; /* In case something cares */
5263 STATUS_NATIVE = vaxc$errno; /* Should already be this */
5265 /* Encode the severity code */
5266 severity = STATUS_NATIVE & STS$M_SEVERITY;
5267 STATUS_UNIX = (severity ? severity : 1) << 8;
5269 /* Perl expects this to be a fatal error */
5270 if (severity != STS$K_SEVERE)
5280 STATUS_UNIX_SET(eno);
5282 exitstatus = STATUS_UNIX >> 8;
5283 if (exitstatus & 255)
5284 STATUS_UNIX_SET(exitstatus);
5286 STATUS_UNIX_SET(255);
5289 if (PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_ABORT) {
5292 if (PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_WARN) {
5293 PL_exit_flags |= PERL_EXIT_ABORT; /* Protect against reentrant calls */
5294 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "Unexpected exit failure %ld", (long)PL_statusvalue);
5295 PL_exit_flags &= ~PERL_EXIT_ABORT;
5301 S_my_exit_jump(pTHX)
5304 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
5308 POPSTACK_TO(PL_mainstack);
5309 if (cxstack_ix >= 0) {
5311 cx_popblock(cxstack);
5319 read_e_script(pTHX_ int idx, SV *buf_sv, int maxlen)
5321 const char * const p = SvPVX_const(PL_e_script);
5322 const char * const e = SvEND(PL_e_script);
5323 const char *nl = (char *) memchr(p, '\n', e - p);
5325 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(idx);
5326 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(maxlen);
5328 nl = (nl) ? nl+1 : e;
5330 filter_del(read_e_script);
5333 sv_catpvn(buf_sv, p, nl-p);
5334 sv_chop(PL_e_script, nl);
5338 /* removes boilerplate code at the end of each boot_Module xsub */
5340 Perl_xs_boot_epilog(pTHX_ const I32 ax)
5343 call_list(PL_scopestack_ix, PL_unitcheckav);
5348 * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 et: