3 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000,
4 * 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009 by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * 'Mercy!' cried Gandalf. 'If the giving of information is to be the cure
13 * of your inquisitiveness, I shall spend all the rest of my days in answering
14 * you. What more do you want to know?'
15 * 'The names of all the stars, and of all living things, and the whole
16 * history of Middle-earth and Over-heaven and of the Sundering Seas,'
19 * [p.599 of _The Lord of the Rings_, III/xi: "The PalantÃr"]
24 A GV is a structure which corresponds to to a Perl typeglob, ie *foo.
25 It is a structure that holds a pointer to a scalar, an array, a hash etc,
26 corresponding to $foo, @foo, %foo.
28 GVs are usually found as values in stashes (symbol table hashes) where
29 Perl stores its global variables.
41 static const char S_autoload[] = "AUTOLOAD";
42 static const STRLEN S_autolen = sizeof(S_autoload)-1;
45 Perl_gv_add_by_type(pTHX_ GV *gv, svtype type)
52 SvTYPE((const SV *)gv) != SVt_PVGV
53 && SvTYPE((const SV *)gv) != SVt_PVLV
57 if (type == SVt_PVIO) {
59 * if it walks like a dirhandle, then let's assume that
60 * this is a dirhandle.
62 what = OP_IS_DIRHOP(PL_op->op_type) ?
63 "dirhandle" : "filehandle";
64 } else if (type == SVt_PVHV) {
67 what = type == SVt_PVAV ? "array" : "scalar";
69 /* diag_listed_as: Bad symbol for filehandle */
70 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for %s", what);
73 if (type == SVt_PVHV) {
74 where = (SV **)&GvHV(gv);
75 } else if (type == SVt_PVAV) {
76 where = (SV **)&GvAV(gv);
77 } else if (type == SVt_PVIO) {
78 where = (SV **)&GvIOp(gv);
85 *where = newSV_type(type);
86 if (type == SVt_PVAV && GvNAMELEN(gv) == 3
87 && strnEQ(GvNAME(gv), "ISA", 3))
88 sv_magic(*where, (SV *)gv, PERL_MAGIC_isa, NULL, 0);
94 Perl_gv_fetchfile(pTHX_ const char *name)
96 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHFILE;
97 return gv_fetchfile_flags(name, strlen(name), 0);
101 Perl_gv_fetchfile_flags(pTHX_ const char *const name, const STRLEN namelen,
106 const STRLEN tmplen = namelen + 2;
109 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHFILE_FLAGS;
110 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
115 if (tmplen <= sizeof smallbuf)
118 Newx(tmpbuf, tmplen, char);
119 /* This is where the debugger's %{"::_<$filename"} hash is created */
122 memcpy(tmpbuf + 2, name, namelen);
123 gv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, TRUE);
125 gv_init(gv, PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, FALSE);
126 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
127 GvSV(gv) = newSVpvn(name, namelen);
129 sv_setpvn(GvSV(gv), name, namelen);
132 if ((PERLDB_LINE || PERLDB_SAVESRC) && !GvAV(gv))
133 hv_magic(GvHVn(gv), GvAVn(gv), PERL_MAGIC_dbfile);
134 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
140 =for apidoc gv_const_sv
142 If C<gv> is a typeglob whose subroutine entry is a constant sub eligible for
143 inlining, or C<gv> is a placeholder reference that would be promoted to such
144 a typeglob, then returns the value returned by the sub. Otherwise, returns
151 Perl_gv_const_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv)
153 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_CONST_SV;
156 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV)
157 return cv_const_sv(GvCVu(gv));
158 return SvROK(gv) && SvTYPE(SvRV(gv)) != SVt_PVAV ? SvRV(gv) : NULL;
162 Perl_newGP(pTHX_ GV *const gv)
173 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWGP;
175 gp->gp_egv = gv; /* allow compiler to reuse gv after this */
176 #ifndef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
177 gp->gp_sv = newSV(0);
180 /* PL_curcop may be null here. E.g.,
181 INIT { bless {} and exit }
182 frees INIT before looking up DESTROY (and creating *DESTROY)
185 gp->gp_line = CopLINE(PL_curcop); /* 0 otherwise Newxz */
187 if (CopFILE(PL_curcop)) {
188 file = CopFILE(PL_curcop);
192 filegv = CopFILEGV(PL_curcop);
194 file = GvNAME(filegv)+2;
195 len = GvNAMELEN(filegv)-2;
206 PERL_HASH(hash, file, len);
207 gp->gp_file_hek = share_hek(file, len, hash);
213 /* Assign CvGV(cv) = gv, handling weak references.
214 * See also S_anonymise_cv_maybe */
217 Perl_cvgv_set(pTHX_ CV* cv, GV* gv)
219 GV * const oldgv = CvNAMED(cv) ? NULL : SvANY(cv)->xcv_gv_u.xcv_gv;
221 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CVGV_SET;
228 SvREFCNT_dec_NN(oldgv);
232 sv_del_backref(MUTABLE_SV(oldgv), MUTABLE_SV(cv));
235 else if ((hek = CvNAME_HEK(cv))) {
241 SvANY(cv)->xcv_gv_u.xcv_gv = gv;
242 assert(!CvCVGV_RC(cv));
247 if (isGV_with_GP(gv) && GvGP(gv) && (GvCV(gv) == cv || GvFORM(gv) == cv))
248 Perl_sv_add_backref(aTHX_ MUTABLE_SV(gv), MUTABLE_SV(cv));
251 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN(gv);
255 /* Convert CvSTASH + CvNAME_HEK into a GV. Conceptually, all subs have a
256 GV, but for efficiency that GV may not in fact exist. This function,
257 called by CvGV, reifies it. */
260 Perl_cvgv_from_hek(pTHX_ CV *cv)
264 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CVGV_FROM_HEK;
265 assert(SvTYPE(cv) == SVt_PVCV);
266 if (!CvSTASH(cv)) return NULL;
267 ASSUME(CvNAME_HEK(cv));
268 svp = hv_fetchhek(CvSTASH(cv), CvNAME_HEK(cv), 0);
269 gv = MUTABLE_GV(svp && *svp ? *svp : newSV(0));
271 gv_init_pvn(gv, CvSTASH(cv), HEK_KEY(CvNAME_HEK(cv)),
272 HEK_LEN(CvNAME_HEK(cv)),
273 SVf_UTF8 * !!HEK_UTF8(CvNAME_HEK(cv)));
274 if (!CvNAMED(cv)) { /* gv_init took care of it */
275 assert (SvANY(cv)->xcv_gv_u.xcv_gv == gv);
278 unshare_hek(CvNAME_HEK(cv));
280 SvANY(cv)->xcv_gv_u.xcv_gv = gv;
281 if (svp && *svp) SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN(gv);
286 /* Assign CvSTASH(cv) = st, handling weak references. */
289 Perl_cvstash_set(pTHX_ CV *cv, HV *st)
291 HV *oldst = CvSTASH(cv);
292 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CVSTASH_SET;
296 sv_del_backref(MUTABLE_SV(oldst), MUTABLE_SV(cv));
297 SvANY(cv)->xcv_stash = st;
299 Perl_sv_add_backref(aTHX_ MUTABLE_SV(st), MUTABLE_SV(cv));
303 =for apidoc gv_init_pvn
305 Converts a scalar into a typeglob. This is an incoercible typeglob;
306 assigning a reference to it will assign to one of its slots, instead of
307 overwriting it as happens with typeglobs created by SvSetSV. Converting
308 any scalar that is SvOK() may produce unpredictable results and is reserved
309 for perl's internal use.
311 C<gv> is the scalar to be converted.
313 C<stash> is the parent stash/package, if any.
315 C<name> and C<len> give the name. The name must be unqualified;
316 that is, it must not include the package name. If C<gv> is a
317 stash element, it is the caller's responsibility to ensure that the name
318 passed to this function matches the name of the element. If it does not
319 match, perl's internal bookkeeping will get out of sync.
321 C<flags> can be set to SVf_UTF8 if C<name> is a UTF8 string, or
322 the return value of SvUTF8(sv). It can also take the
323 GV_ADDMULTI flag, which means to pretend that the GV has been
324 seen before (i.e., suppress "Used once" warnings).
328 The old form of gv_init_pvn(). It does not work with UTF8 strings, as it
329 has no flags parameter. If the C<multi> parameter is set, the
330 GV_ADDMULTI flag will be passed to gv_init_pvn().
332 =for apidoc gv_init_pv
334 Same as gv_init_pvn(), but takes a nul-terminated string for the name
335 instead of separate char * and length parameters.
337 =for apidoc gv_init_sv
339 Same as gv_init_pvn(), but takes an SV * for the name instead of separate
340 char * and length parameters. C<flags> is currently unused.
346 Perl_gv_init_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv, HV *stash, SV* namesv, U32 flags)
350 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_INIT_SV;
351 namepv = SvPV(namesv, namelen);
354 gv_init_pvn(gv, stash, namepv, namelen, flags);
358 Perl_gv_init_pv(pTHX_ GV *gv, HV *stash, const char *name, U32 flags)
360 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_INIT_PV;
361 gv_init_pvn(gv, stash, name, strlen(name), flags);
365 Perl_gv_init_pvn(pTHX_ GV *gv, HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, U32 flags)
367 const U32 old_type = SvTYPE(gv);
368 const bool doproto = old_type > SVt_NULL;
369 char * const proto = (doproto && SvPOK(gv))
370 ? ((void)(SvIsCOW(gv) && (sv_force_normal((SV *)gv), 0)), SvPVX(gv))
372 const STRLEN protolen = proto ? SvCUR(gv) : 0;
373 const U32 proto_utf8 = proto ? SvUTF8(gv) : 0;
374 SV *const has_constant = doproto && SvROK(gv) ? SvRV(gv) : NULL;
375 const U32 exported_constant = has_constant ? SvPCS_IMPORTED(gv) : 0;
377 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_INIT_PVN;
378 assert (!(proto && has_constant));
381 /* The constant has to be a scalar, array or subroutine. */
382 switch (SvTYPE(has_constant)) {
386 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Cannot convert a reference to %s to typeglob",
387 sv_reftype(has_constant, 0));
396 if (old_type < SVt_PVGV) {
397 if (old_type >= SVt_PV)
399 sv_upgrade(MUTABLE_SV(gv), SVt_PVGV);
407 Safefree(SvPVX_mutable(gv));
412 GvGP_set(gv, Perl_newGP(aTHX_ gv));
415 Perl_sv_add_backref(aTHX_ MUTABLE_SV(stash), MUTABLE_SV(gv));
416 gv_name_set(gv, name, len, GV_ADD | ( flags & SVf_UTF8 ? SVf_UTF8 : 0 ));
417 if (flags & GV_ADDMULTI || doproto) /* doproto means it */
418 GvMULTI_on(gv); /* _was_ mentioned */
419 if (has_constant && SvTYPE(has_constant) == SVt_PVCV) {
420 /* Not actually a constant. Just a regular sub. */
421 CV * const cv = (CV *)has_constant;
423 if (CvSTASH(cv) == stash && (
424 CvNAME_HEK(cv) == GvNAME_HEK(gv)
425 || ( HEK_LEN(CvNAME_HEK(cv)) == HEK_LEN(GvNAME_HEK(gv))
426 && HEK_FLAGS(CvNAME_HEK(cv)) != HEK_FLAGS(GvNAME_HEK(gv))
427 && HEK_UTF8(CvNAME_HEK(cv)) == HEK_UTF8(GvNAME_HEK(gv))
428 && memEQ(HEK_KEY(CvNAME_HEK(cv)), GvNAME(gv), GvNAMELEN(gv))
436 /* newCONSTSUB takes ownership of the reference from us. */
437 cv = newCONSTSUB_flags(stash, name, len, flags, has_constant);
438 /* In case op.c:S_process_special_blocks stole it: */
440 GvCV_set(gv, (CV *)SvREFCNT_inc_simple_NN(cv));
441 assert(GvCV(gv) == cv); /* newCONSTSUB should have set this */
442 /* If this reference was a copy of another, then the subroutine
443 must have been "imported", by a Perl space assignment to a GV
444 from a reference to CV. */
445 if (exported_constant)
446 GvIMPORTED_CV_on(gv);
447 CvSTASH_set(cv, PL_curstash); /* XXX Why is this needed? */
452 sv_usepvn_flags(MUTABLE_SV(cv), proto, protolen,
453 SV_HAS_TRAILING_NUL);
454 if ( proto_utf8 ) SvUTF8_on(MUTABLE_SV(cv));
460 S_gv_init_svtype(pTHX_ GV *gv, const svtype sv_type)
462 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_INIT_SVTYPE;
474 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
482 /* Work round what appears to be a bug in Sun C++ 5.8 2005/10/13
483 If we just cast GvSVn(gv) to void, it ignores evaluating it for
490 static void core_xsub(pTHX_ CV* cv);
493 S_maybe_add_coresub(pTHX_ HV * const stash, GV *gv,
494 const char * const name, const STRLEN len)
496 const int code = keyword(name, len, 1);
497 static const char file[] = __FILE__;
498 CV *cv, *oldcompcv = NULL;
500 bool ampable = TRUE; /* &{}-able */
501 COP *oldcurcop = NULL;
502 yy_parser *oldparser = NULL;
503 I32 oldsavestack_ix = 0;
508 if (!code) return NULL; /* Not a keyword */
509 switch (code < 0 ? -code : code) {
510 /* no support for \&CORE::infix;
511 no support for funcs that do not parse like funcs */
512 case KEY___DATA__: case KEY___END__: case KEY_and: case KEY_AUTOLOAD:
513 case KEY_BEGIN : case KEY_CHECK : case KEY_cmp:
514 case KEY_default : case KEY_DESTROY:
515 case KEY_do : case KEY_dump : case KEY_else : case KEY_elsif :
516 case KEY_END : case KEY_eq : case KEY_eval :
517 case KEY_for : case KEY_foreach: case KEY_format: case KEY_ge :
518 case KEY_given : case KEY_goto : case KEY_grep :
519 case KEY_gt : case KEY_if: case KEY_INIT: case KEY_last: case KEY_le:
520 case KEY_local: case KEY_lt: case KEY_m : case KEY_map : case KEY_my:
521 case KEY_ne : case KEY_next : case KEY_no: case KEY_or: case KEY_our:
522 case KEY_package: case KEY_print: case KEY_printf:
523 case KEY_q : case KEY_qq : case KEY_qr : case KEY_qw :
524 case KEY_qx : case KEY_redo : case KEY_require: case KEY_return:
525 case KEY_s : case KEY_say : case KEY_sort :
526 case KEY_state: case KEY_sub :
527 case KEY_tr : case KEY_UNITCHECK: case KEY_unless:
528 case KEY_until: case KEY_use : case KEY_when : case KEY_while :
529 case KEY_x : case KEY_xor : case KEY_y :
532 case KEY_chomp: case KEY_chop: case KEY_defined: case KEY_delete:
533 case KEY_each : case KEY_eof : case KEY_exec : case KEY_exists:
539 case KEY_splice: case KEY_split:
542 case KEY_truncate: case KEY_unlink:
549 gv_init(gv, stash, name, len, TRUE);
554 oldcurcop = PL_curcop;
555 oldparser = PL_parser;
556 lex_start(NULL, NULL, 0);
557 oldcompcv = PL_compcv;
558 PL_compcv = NULL; /* Prevent start_subparse from setting
560 oldsavestack_ix = start_subparse(FALSE,0);
564 /* Avoid calling newXS, as it calls us, and things start to
566 cv = MUTABLE_CV(newSV_type(SVt_PVCV));
570 CvXSUB(cv) = core_xsub;
573 CvGV_set(cv, gv); /* This stops new ATTRSUB from setting CvFILE
575 (void)gv_fetchfile(file);
576 CvFILE(cv) = (char *)file;
577 /* XXX This is inefficient, as doing things this order causes
578 a prototype check in newATTRSUB. But we have to do
579 it this order as we need an op number before calling
581 (void)core_prototype((SV *)cv, name, code, &opnum);
583 (void)hv_store(stash,name,len,(SV *)gv,0);
589 /* newATTRSUB will free the CV and return NULL if we're still
590 compiling after a syntax error */
591 if ((cv = newATTRSUB_x(
592 oldsavestack_ix, (OP *)gv,
597 : newSVpvn(name,len),
602 assert(GvCV(gv) == orig_cv);
603 if (opnum != OP_VEC && opnum != OP_SUBSTR && opnum != OP_POS
604 && opnum != OP_UNDEF)
605 CvLVALUE_off(cv); /* Now *that* was a neat trick. */
608 PL_parser = oldparser;
609 PL_curcop = oldcurcop;
610 PL_compcv = oldcompcv;
613 SV *opnumsv = opnum ? newSVuv((UV)opnum) : (SV *)NULL;
615 cv, Perl_ck_entersub_args_core, opnumsv ? opnumsv : (SV *)cv
617 SvREFCNT_dec(opnumsv);
624 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth
626 Like L</gv_fetchmeth_pvn>, but lacks a flags parameter.
628 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_sv
630 Exactly like L</gv_fetchmeth_pvn>, but takes the name string in the form
631 of an SV instead of a string/length pair.
637 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_sv(pTHX_ HV *stash, SV *namesv, I32 level, U32 flags)
639 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETH_SV;
640 return gv_fetchmeth_internal(stash, namesv, NULL, 0, level, flags);
644 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_pv
646 Exactly like L</gv_fetchmeth_pvn>, but takes a nul-terminated string
647 instead of a string/length pair.
653 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_pv(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, I32 level, U32 flags)
655 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETH_PV;
656 return gv_fetchmeth_internal(stash, NULL, name, strlen(name), level, flags);
660 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_pvn
662 Returns the glob with the given C<name> and a defined subroutine or
663 C<NULL>. The glob lives in the given C<stash>, or in the stashes
664 accessible via @ISA and UNIVERSAL::.
666 The argument C<level> should be either 0 or -1. If C<level==0>, as a
667 side-effect creates a glob with the given C<name> in the given C<stash>
668 which in the case of success contains an alias for the subroutine, and sets
669 up caching info for this glob.
671 The only significant values for C<flags> are GV_SUPER and SVf_UTF8.
673 GV_SUPER indicates that we want to look up the method in the superclasses
677 GV returned from C<gv_fetchmeth> may be a method cache entry, which is not
678 visible to Perl code. So when calling C<call_sv>, you should not use
679 the GV directly; instead, you should use the method's CV, which can be
680 obtained from the GV with the C<GvCV> macro.
685 /* NOTE: No support for tied ISA */
687 PERL_STATIC_INLINE GV*
688 S_gv_fetchmeth_internal(pTHX_ HV* stash, SV* meth, const char* name, STRLEN len, I32 level, U32 flags)
695 HV* cstash, *cachestash;
696 GV* candidate = NULL;
700 I32 create = (level >= 0) ? HV_FETCH_LVALUE : 0;
703 U32 is_utf8 = flags & SVf_UTF8;
705 /* UNIVERSAL methods should be callable without a stash */
707 create = 0; /* probably appropriate */
708 if(!(stash = gv_stashpvs("UNIVERSAL", 0)))
714 hvname = HvNAME_get(stash);
716 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use anonymous symbol table for method lookup");
719 assert(name || meth);
721 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Looking for %smethod %s in package %s\n",
722 flags & GV_SUPER ? "SUPER " : "",
723 name ? name : SvPV_nolen(meth), hvname) );
725 topgen_cmp = HvMROMETA(stash)->cache_gen + PL_sub_generation;
727 if (flags & GV_SUPER) {
728 if (!HvAUX(stash)->xhv_mro_meta->super)
729 HvAUX(stash)->xhv_mro_meta->super = newHV();
730 cachestash = HvAUX(stash)->xhv_mro_meta->super;
732 else cachestash = stash;
734 /* check locally for a real method or a cache entry */
736 cachestash, meth, name, len, (flags & SVf_UTF8) ? HVhek_UTF8 : 0, create, NULL, 0
738 if (he) gvp = (GV**)&HeVAL(he);
745 if (SvTYPE(topgv) != SVt_PVGV)
748 name = SvPV_nomg(meth, len);
749 gv_init_pvn(topgv, stash, name, len, GV_ADDMULTI|is_utf8);
751 if ((cand_cv = GvCV(topgv))) {
752 /* If genuine method or valid cache entry, use it */
753 if (!GvCVGEN(topgv) || GvCVGEN(topgv) == topgen_cmp) {
757 /* stale cache entry, junk it and move on */
758 SvREFCNT_dec_NN(cand_cv);
759 GvCV_set(topgv, NULL);
764 else if (GvCVGEN(topgv) == topgen_cmp) {
765 /* cache indicates no such method definitively */
768 else if (stash == cachestash
769 && len > 1 /* shortest is uc */ && HvNAMELEN_get(stash) == 4
770 && strnEQ(hvname, "CORE", 4)
771 && S_maybe_add_coresub(aTHX_ NULL,topgv,name,len))
775 linear_av = mro_get_linear_isa(stash); /* has ourselves at the top of the list */
776 linear_svp = AvARRAY(linear_av) + 1; /* skip over self */
777 items = AvFILLp(linear_av); /* no +1, to skip over self */
779 linear_sv = *linear_svp++;
781 cstash = gv_stashsv(linear_sv, 0);
784 Perl_ck_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SYNTAX),
785 "Can't locate package %"SVf" for @%"HEKf"::ISA",
787 HEKfARG(HvNAME_HEK(stash)));
793 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(cstash, name, is_utf8 ? -(I32)len : (I32)len, 0);
795 if (len > 1 && HvNAMELEN_get(cstash) == 4) {
796 const char *hvname = HvNAME(cstash); assert(hvname);
797 if (strnEQ(hvname, "CORE", 4)
799 S_maybe_add_coresub(aTHX_ cstash,NULL,name,len)
805 else candidate = *gvp;
808 if (SvTYPE(candidate) != SVt_PVGV)
809 gv_init_pvn(candidate, cstash, name, len, GV_ADDMULTI|is_utf8);
810 if (SvTYPE(candidate) == SVt_PVGV && (cand_cv = GvCV(candidate)) && !GvCVGEN(candidate)) {
812 * Found real method, cache method in topgv if:
813 * 1. topgv has no synonyms (else inheritance crosses wires)
814 * 2. method isn't a stub (else AUTOLOAD fails spectacularly)
816 if (topgv && (GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) && (CvROOT(cand_cv) || CvXSUB(cand_cv))) {
817 CV *old_cv = GvCV(topgv);
818 SvREFCNT_dec(old_cv);
819 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN(cand_cv);
820 GvCV_set(topgv, cand_cv);
821 GvCVGEN(topgv) = topgen_cmp;
827 /* Check UNIVERSAL without caching */
828 if(level == 0 || level == -1) {
829 candidate = gv_fetchmeth_internal(NULL, meth, name, len, 1,
832 cand_cv = GvCV(candidate);
833 if (topgv && (GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) && (CvROOT(cand_cv) || CvXSUB(cand_cv))) {
834 CV *old_cv = GvCV(topgv);
835 SvREFCNT_dec(old_cv);
836 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN(cand_cv);
837 GvCV_set(topgv, cand_cv);
838 GvCVGEN(topgv) = topgen_cmp;
844 if (topgv && GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) {
845 /* cache the fact that the method is not defined */
846 GvCVGEN(topgv) = topgen_cmp;
853 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_pvn(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level, U32 flags)
855 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETH_PVN;
856 return gv_fetchmeth_internal(stash, NULL, name, len, level, flags);
860 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_autoload
862 This is the old form of L</gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload>, which has no flags
865 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_sv_autoload
867 Exactly like L</gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload>, but takes the name string in the form
868 of an SV instead of a string/length pair.
874 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_sv_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, SV *namesv, I32 level, U32 flags)
878 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETH_SV_AUTOLOAD;
879 namepv = SvPV(namesv, namelen);
882 return gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload(stash, namepv, namelen, level, flags);
886 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_pv_autoload
888 Exactly like L</gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload>, but takes a nul-terminated string
889 instead of a string/length pair.
895 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_pv_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, I32 level, U32 flags)
897 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETH_PV_AUTOLOAD;
898 return gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload(stash, name, strlen(name), level, flags);
902 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload
904 Same as gv_fetchmeth_pvn(), but looks for autoloaded subroutines too.
905 Returns a glob for the subroutine.
907 For an autoloaded subroutine without a GV, will create a GV even
908 if C<level < 0>. For an autoloaded subroutine without a stub, GvCV()
909 of the result may be zero.
911 Currently, the only significant value for C<flags> is SVf_UTF8.
917 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level, U32 flags)
919 GV *gv = gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, name, len, level, flags);
921 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETH_PVN_AUTOLOAD;
928 return NULL; /* UNIVERSAL::AUTOLOAD could cause trouble */
929 if (len == S_autolen && memEQ(name, S_autoload, S_autolen))
931 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE, flags)))
934 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
936 /* Have an autoload */
937 if (level < 0) /* Cannot do without a stub */
938 gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, name, len, 0, flags);
939 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, name,
940 (flags & SVf_UTF8) ? -(I32)len : (I32)len, (level >= 0));
949 =for apidoc gv_fetchmethod_autoload
951 Returns the glob which contains the subroutine to call to invoke the method
952 on the C<stash>. In fact in the presence of autoloading this may be the
953 glob for "AUTOLOAD". In this case the corresponding variable $AUTOLOAD is
956 The third parameter of C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload> determines whether
957 AUTOLOAD lookup is performed if the given method is not present: non-zero
958 means yes, look for AUTOLOAD; zero means no, don't look for AUTOLOAD.
959 Calling C<gv_fetchmethod> is equivalent to calling C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload>
960 with a non-zero C<autoload> parameter.
962 These functions grant C<"SUPER"> token
963 as a prefix of the method name. Note
964 that if you want to keep the returned glob for a long time, you need to
965 check for it being "AUTOLOAD", since at the later time the call may load a
966 different subroutine due to $AUTOLOAD changing its value. Use the glob
967 created as a side effect to do this.
969 These functions have the same side-effects as C<gv_fetchmeth> with
970 C<level==0>. The warning against passing the GV returned by
971 C<gv_fetchmeth> to C<call_sv> applies equally to these functions.
977 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, I32 autoload)
979 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETHOD_AUTOLOAD;
981 return gv_fetchmethod_flags(stash, name, autoload ? GV_AUTOLOAD : 0);
985 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_sv_flags(pTHX_ HV *stash, SV *namesv, U32 flags)
989 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETHOD_SV_FLAGS;
990 namepv = SvPV(namesv, namelen);
993 return gv_fetchmethod_pvn_flags(stash, namepv, namelen, flags);
997 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_pv_flags(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, U32 flags)
999 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETHOD_PV_FLAGS;
1000 return gv_fetchmethod_pvn_flags(stash, name, strlen(name), flags);
1003 /* Don't merge this yet, as it's likely to get a len parameter, and possibly
1006 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_pvn_flags(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, const STRLEN len, U32 flags)
1009 const char *nsplit = NULL;
1012 const char * const origname = name;
1013 SV *const error_report = MUTABLE_SV(stash);
1014 const U32 autoload = flags & GV_AUTOLOAD;
1015 const U32 do_croak = flags & GV_CROAK;
1016 const U32 is_utf8 = flags & SVf_UTF8;
1018 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETHOD_PVN_FLAGS;
1020 if (SvTYPE(stash) < SVt_PVHV)
1023 /* The only way stash can become NULL later on is if nsplit is set,
1024 which in turn means that there is no need for a SVt_PVHV case
1025 the error reporting code. */
1028 for (nend = name; *nend || nend != (origname + len); nend++) {
1029 if (*nend == '\'') {
1033 else if (*nend == ':' && *(nend + 1) == ':') {
1039 if ((nsplit - origname) == 5 && memEQ(origname, "SUPER", 5)) {
1040 /* ->SUPER::method should really be looked up in original stash */
1041 stash = CopSTASH(PL_curcop);
1043 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Treating %s as %s::%s\n",
1044 origname, HvENAME_get(stash), name) );
1046 else if ((nsplit - origname) >= 7 &&
1047 strnEQ(nsplit - 7, "::SUPER", 7)) {
1048 /* don't autovifify if ->NoSuchStash::SUPER::method */
1049 stash = gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname - 7, is_utf8);
1050 if (stash) flags |= GV_SUPER;
1053 /* don't autovifify if ->NoSuchStash::method */
1054 stash = gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname, is_utf8);
1059 gv = gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, name, nend - name, 0, flags);
1061 if (strEQ(name,"import") || strEQ(name,"unimport"))
1062 gv = MUTABLE_GV(&PL_sv_yes);
1064 gv = gv_autoload_pvn(
1065 ostash, name, nend - name, GV_AUTOLOAD_ISMETHOD|flags
1067 if (!gv && do_croak) {
1068 /* Right now this is exclusively for the benefit of S_method_common
1071 /* If we can't find an IO::File method, it might be a call on
1072 * a filehandle. If IO:File has not been loaded, try to
1073 * require it first instead of croaking */
1074 const char *stash_name = HvNAME_get(stash);
1075 if (stash_name && memEQs(stash_name, HvNAMELEN_get(stash), "IO::File")
1076 && !Perl_hv_common(aTHX_ GvHVn(PL_incgv), NULL,
1077 STR_WITH_LEN("IO/File.pm"), 0,
1078 HV_FETCH_ISEXISTS, NULL, 0)
1080 require_pv("IO/File.pm");
1081 gv = gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, name, nend - name, 0, flags);
1086 "Can't locate object method \"%"UTF8f
1087 "\" via package \"%"HEKf"\"",
1088 UTF8fARG(is_utf8, nend - name, name),
1089 HEKfARG(HvNAME_HEK(stash)));
1095 packnamesv = newSVpvn_flags(origname, nsplit - origname,
1096 SVs_TEMP | is_utf8);
1098 packnamesv = error_report;
1102 "Can't locate object method \"%"UTF8f
1103 "\" via package \"%"SVf"\""
1104 " (perhaps you forgot to load \"%"SVf"\"?)",
1105 UTF8fARG(is_utf8, nend - name, name),
1106 SVfARG(packnamesv), SVfARG(packnamesv));
1110 else if (autoload) {
1111 CV* const cv = GvCV(gv);
1112 if (!CvROOT(cv) && !CvXSUB(cv)) {
1116 if (CvANON(cv) || CvLEXICAL(cv))
1120 if (GvCV(stubgv) != cv) /* orphaned import */
1123 autogv = gv_autoload_pvn(GvSTASH(stubgv),
1124 GvNAME(stubgv), GvNAMELEN(stubgv),
1125 GV_AUTOLOAD_ISMETHOD
1126 | (GvNAMEUTF8(stubgv) ? SVf_UTF8 : 0));
1136 Perl_gv_autoload_sv(pTHX_ HV *stash, SV* namesv, U32 flags)
1140 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_AUTOLOAD_SV;
1141 namepv = SvPV(namesv, namelen);
1144 return gv_autoload_pvn(stash, namepv, namelen, flags);
1148 Perl_gv_autoload_pv(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *namepv, U32 flags)
1150 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_AUTOLOAD_PV;
1151 return gv_autoload_pvn(stash, namepv, strlen(namepv), flags);
1155 Perl_gv_autoload_pvn(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, U32 flags)
1162 SV *packname = NULL;
1163 U32 is_utf8 = flags & SVf_UTF8 ? SVf_UTF8 : 0;
1165 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_AUTOLOAD_PVN;
1167 if (len == S_autolen && memEQ(name, S_autoload, S_autolen))
1170 if (SvTYPE(stash) < SVt_PVHV) {
1171 STRLEN packname_len = 0;
1172 const char * const packname_ptr = SvPV_const(MUTABLE_SV(stash), packname_len);
1173 packname = newSVpvn_flags(packname_ptr, packname_len,
1174 SVs_TEMP | SvUTF8(stash));
1178 packname = sv_2mortal(newSVhek(HvNAME_HEK(stash)));
1179 if (flags & GV_SUPER) sv_catpvs(packname, "::SUPER");
1181 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE,
1182 is_utf8 | (flags & GV_SUPER))))
1186 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
1190 * Inheriting AUTOLOAD for non-methods works ... for now.
1193 !(flags & GV_AUTOLOAD_ISMETHOD)
1194 && (GvCVGEN(gv) || GvSTASH(gv) != stash)
1196 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEPRECATED),
1197 "Use of inherited AUTOLOAD for non-method %"SVf
1198 "::%"UTF8f"() is deprecated",
1200 UTF8fARG(is_utf8, len, name));
1203 /* Instead of forcing the XSUB do another lookup for $AUTOLOAD
1204 * and split that value on the last '::', pass along the same data
1205 * via the SvPVX field in the CV, and the stash in CvSTASH.
1207 * Due to an unfortunate accident of history, the SvPVX field
1208 * serves two purposes. It is also used for the subroutine's pro-
1209 * type. Since SvPVX has been documented as returning the sub name
1210 * for a long time, but not as returning the prototype, we have
1211 * to preserve the SvPVX AUTOLOAD behaviour and put the prototype
1214 * We put the prototype in the same allocated buffer, but after
1215 * the sub name. The SvPOK flag indicates the presence of a proto-
1216 * type. The CvAUTOLOAD flag indicates the presence of a sub name.
1217 * If both flags are on, then SvLEN is used to indicate the end of
1218 * the prototype (artificially lower than what is actually allo-
1219 * cated), at the risk of having to reallocate a few bytes unneces-
1220 * sarily--but that should happen very rarely, if ever.
1222 * We use SvUTF8 for both prototypes and sub names, so if one is
1223 * UTF8, the other must be upgraded.
1225 CvSTASH_set(cv, stash);
1226 if (SvPOK(cv)) { /* Ouch! */
1227 SV * const tmpsv = newSVpvn_flags(name, len, is_utf8);
1229 const char *proto = CvPROTO(cv);
1232 sv_utf8_upgrade_flags_grow(tmpsv, 0, CvPROTOLEN(cv) + 2);
1233 ulen = SvCUR(tmpsv);
1234 SvCUR(tmpsv)++; /* include null in string */
1236 tmpsv, proto, CvPROTOLEN(cv), SV_CATBYTES*!SvUTF8(cv)
1238 SvTEMP_on(tmpsv); /* Allow theft */
1239 sv_setsv_nomg((SV *)cv, tmpsv);
1241 SvREFCNT_dec_NN(tmpsv);
1242 SvLEN(cv) = SvCUR(cv) + 1;
1246 sv_setpvn((SV *)cv, name, len);
1250 else SvUTF8_off(cv);
1256 * Given &FOO::AUTOLOAD, set $FOO::AUTOLOAD to desired function name.
1257 * The subroutine's original name may not be "AUTOLOAD", so we don't
1258 * use that, but for lack of anything better we will use the sub's
1259 * original package to look up $AUTOLOAD.
1261 varstash = CvNAMED(cv) ? CvSTASH(cv) : GvSTASH(CvGV(cv));
1262 vargv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(varstash, S_autoload, S_autolen, TRUE);
1266 gv_init_pvn(vargv, varstash, S_autoload, S_autolen, 0);
1267 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
1268 GvSV(vargv) = newSV(0);
1272 varsv = GvSVn(vargv);
1273 SvTAINTED_off(varsv); /* previous $AUTOLOAD taint is obsolete */
1274 /* XXX: this process is not careful to avoid extra magic gets and sets; tied $AUTOLOAD will get noise */
1275 sv_setsv(varsv, packname);
1276 sv_catpvs(varsv, "::");
1277 /* Ensure SvSETMAGIC() is called if necessary. In particular, to clear
1278 tainting if $FOO::AUTOLOAD was previously tainted, but is not now. */
1281 SV_SMAGIC|(is_utf8 ? SV_CATUTF8 : SV_CATBYTES)
1289 /* require_tie_mod() internal routine for requiring a module
1290 * that implements the logic of automatic ties like %! and %-
1292 * The "gv" parameter should be the glob.
1293 * "varpv" holds the name of the var, used for error messages.
1294 * "namesv" holds the module name. Its refcount will be decremented.
1295 * "methpv" holds the method name to test for to check that things
1296 * are working reasonably close to as expected.
1297 * "flags": if flag & 1 then save the scalar before loading.
1298 * For the protection of $! to work (it is set by this routine)
1299 * the sv slot must already be magicalized.
1302 S_require_tie_mod(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *varpv, SV* namesv, const char *methpv,const U32 flags)
1304 HV* stash = gv_stashsv(namesv, 0);
1306 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_REQUIRE_TIE_MOD;
1308 if (!stash || !(gv_fetchmethod_autoload(stash, methpv, FALSE))) {
1309 SV *module = newSVsv(namesv);
1310 char varname = *varpv; /* varpv might be clobbered by load_module,
1311 so save it. For the moment it's always
1313 const char type = varname == '[' ? '$' : '%';
1321 Perl_load_module(aTHX_ PERL_LOADMOD_NOIMPORT, module, NULL);
1322 assert(sp == PL_stack_sp);
1323 stash = gv_stashsv(namesv, 0);
1325 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: Can't use %c%c because %"SVf" is not available",
1326 type, varname, SVfARG(namesv));
1327 else if (!gv_fetchmethod(stash, methpv))
1328 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: Can't use %c%c because %"SVf" does not support method %s",
1329 type, varname, SVfARG(namesv), methpv);
1332 else SvREFCNT_dec_NN(namesv);
1337 =for apidoc gv_stashpv
1339 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. Uses C<strlen> to
1340 determine the length of C<name>, then calls C<gv_stashpvn()>.
1346 Perl_gv_stashpv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
1348 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_STASHPV;
1349 return gv_stashpvn(name, strlen(name), create);
1353 =for apidoc gv_stashpvn
1355 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. The C<namelen>
1356 parameter indicates the length of the C<name>, in bytes. C<flags> is passed
1357 to C<gv_fetchpvn_flags()>, so if set to C<GV_ADD> then the package will be
1358 created if it does not already exist. If the package does not exist and
1359 C<flags> is 0 (or any other setting that does not create packages) then NULL
1362 Flags may be one of:
1371 The most important of which are probably GV_ADD and SVf_UTF8.
1373 Note, use of C<gv_stashsv> instead of C<gv_stashpvn> where possible is strongly
1374 recommended for performance reasons.
1380 gv_stashpvn_internal
1382 Perform the internal bits of gv_stashsvpvn_cached. You could think of this
1383 as being one half of the logic. Not to be called except from gv_stashsvpvn_cached().
1387 PERL_STATIC_INLINE HV*
1388 S_gv_stashpvn_internal(pTHX_ const char *name, U32 namelen, I32 flags)
1394 U32 tmplen = namelen + 2;
1396 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_STASHPVN_INTERNAL;
1398 if (tmplen <= sizeof smallbuf)
1401 Newx(tmpbuf, tmplen, char);
1402 Copy(name, tmpbuf, namelen, char);
1403 tmpbuf[namelen] = ':';
1404 tmpbuf[namelen+1] = ':';
1405 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvn_flags(tmpbuf, tmplen, flags, SVt_PVHV);
1406 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
1410 stash = GvHV(tmpgv);
1411 if (!(flags & ~GV_NOADD_MASK) && !stash) return NULL;
1413 if (!HvNAME_get(stash)) {
1414 hv_name_set(stash, name, namelen, flags & SVf_UTF8 ? SVf_UTF8 : 0 );
1416 /* FIXME: This is a repeat of logic in gv_fetchpvn_flags */
1417 /* If the containing stash has multiple effective
1418 names, see that this one gets them, too. */
1419 if (HvAUX(GvSTASH(tmpgv))->xhv_name_count)
1420 mro_package_moved(stash, NULL, tmpgv, 1);
1426 gv_stashsvpvn_cached
1428 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package, possibly
1429 cached. Implements both C<gv_stashpvn> and C<gc_stashsv>.
1431 Requires one of either namesv or namepv to be non-null.
1433 See C<gv_stashpvn> for details on "flags".
1435 Note the sv interface is strongly preferred for performance reasons.
1439 #define PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_STASHSVPVN_CACHED \
1440 assert(namesv || name)
1442 PERL_STATIC_INLINE HV*
1443 S_gv_stashsvpvn_cached(pTHX_ SV *namesv, const char *name, U32 namelen, I32 flags)
1448 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_STASHSVPVN_CACHED;
1450 he = (HE *)hv_common(
1451 PL_stashcache, namesv, name, namelen,
1452 (flags & SVf_UTF8) ? HVhek_UTF8 : 0, 0, NULL, 0
1455 if (he) return INT2PTR(HV*,SvIVX(HeVAL(he)));
1456 else if (flags & GV_CACHE_ONLY) return NULL;
1459 if (SvOK(namesv)) { /* prevent double uninit warning */
1461 name = SvPV_const(namesv, len);
1463 flags |= SvUTF8(namesv);
1465 name = ""; namelen = 0;
1468 stash = gv_stashpvn_internal(name, namelen, flags);
1470 if (stash && namelen) {
1471 SV* const ref = newSViv(PTR2IV(stash));
1472 (void)hv_store(PL_stashcache, name,
1473 (flags & SVf_UTF8) ? -(I32)namelen : (I32)namelen, ref, 0);
1480 Perl_gv_stashpvn(pTHX_ const char *name, U32 namelen, I32 flags)
1482 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_STASHPVN;
1483 return gv_stashsvpvn_cached(NULL, name, namelen, flags);
1487 =for apidoc gv_stashsv
1489 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. See C<gv_stashpvn>.
1491 Note this interface is strongly preferred over C<gv_stashpvn> for performance reasons.
1497 Perl_gv_stashsv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
1499 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_STASHSV;
1500 return gv_stashsvpvn_cached(sv, NULL, 0, flags);
1505 Perl_gv_fetchpv(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, I32 add, const svtype sv_type) {
1506 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHPV;
1507 return gv_fetchpvn_flags(nambeg, strlen(nambeg), add, sv_type);
1511 Perl_gv_fetchsv(pTHX_ SV *name, I32 flags, const svtype sv_type) {
1513 const char * const nambeg =
1514 SvPV_flags_const(name, len, flags & GV_NO_SVGMAGIC ? 0 : SV_GMAGIC);
1515 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHSV;
1516 return gv_fetchpvn_flags(nambeg, len, flags | SvUTF8(name), sv_type);
1519 PERL_STATIC_INLINE void
1520 S_gv_magicalize_isa(pTHX_ GV *gv)
1524 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_MAGICALIZE_ISA;
1528 sv_magic(MUTABLE_SV(av), MUTABLE_SV(gv), PERL_MAGIC_isa,
1532 /* This function grabs name and tries to split a stash and glob
1533 * from its contents. TODO better description, comments
1535 * If the function returns TRUE and 'name == name_end', then
1536 * 'gv' can be directly returned to the caller of gv_fetchpvn_flags
1538 PERL_STATIC_INLINE bool
1539 S_parse_gv_stash_name(pTHX_ HV **stash, GV **gv, const char **name,
1540 STRLEN *len, const char *nambeg, STRLEN full_len,
1541 const U32 is_utf8, const I32 add)
1543 const char *name_cursor;
1544 const char *const name_end = nambeg + full_len;
1545 const char *const name_em1 = name_end - 1;
1547 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_PARSE_GV_STASH_NAME;
1549 if (full_len > 2 && **name == '*' && isIDFIRST_lazy_if(*name + 1, is_utf8)) {
1550 /* accidental stringify on a GV? */
1554 for (name_cursor = *name; name_cursor < name_end; name_cursor++) {
1555 if (name_cursor < name_em1 &&
1556 ((*name_cursor == ':' && name_cursor[1] == ':')
1557 || *name_cursor == '\''))
1560 *stash = PL_defstash;
1561 if (!*stash || !SvREFCNT(*stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
1564 *len = name_cursor - *name;
1565 if (name_cursor > nambeg) { /* Skip for initial :: or ' */
1568 if (*name_cursor == ':') {
1574 Newx(tmpbuf, *len+2, char);
1575 Copy(*name, tmpbuf, *len, char);
1576 tmpbuf[(*len)++] = ':';
1577 tmpbuf[(*len)++] = ':';
1580 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(*stash, key, is_utf8 ? -((I32)*len) : (I32)*len, add);
1581 *gv = gvp ? *gvp : NULL;
1582 if (*gv && *gv != (const GV *)&PL_sv_undef) {
1583 if (SvTYPE(*gv) != SVt_PVGV)
1584 gv_init_pvn(*gv, *stash, key, *len, (add & GV_ADDMULTI)|is_utf8);
1590 if (!*gv || *gv == (const GV *)&PL_sv_undef)
1593 if (!(*stash = GvHV(*gv))) {
1594 *stash = GvHV(*gv) = newHV();
1595 if (!HvNAME_get(*stash)) {
1596 if (GvSTASH(*gv) == PL_defstash && *len == 6
1597 && strnEQ(*name, "CORE", 4))
1598 hv_name_set(*stash, "CORE", 4, 0);
1601 *stash, nambeg, name_cursor-nambeg, is_utf8
1603 /* If the containing stash has multiple effective
1604 names, see that this one gets them, too. */
1605 if (HvAUX(GvSTASH(*gv))->xhv_name_count)
1606 mro_package_moved(*stash, NULL, *gv, 1);
1609 else if (!HvNAME_get(*stash))
1610 hv_name_set(*stash, nambeg, name_cursor - nambeg, is_utf8);
1613 if (*name_cursor == ':')
1615 *name = name_cursor+1;
1616 if (*name == name_end) {
1618 *gv = MUTABLE_GV(*hv_fetchs(PL_defstash, "main::", TRUE));
1623 *len = name_cursor - *name;
1627 /* Checks if an unqualified name is in the main stash */
1628 PERL_STATIC_INLINE bool
1629 S_gv_is_in_main(pTHX_ const char *name, STRLEN len, const U32 is_utf8)
1631 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_IS_IN_MAIN;
1633 /* If it's an alphanumeric variable */
1634 if ( len && isIDFIRST_lazy_if(name, is_utf8) ) {
1635 /* Some "normal" variables are always in main::,
1636 * like INC or STDOUT.
1644 if ((name[0] == 'I' && name[1] == 'N' && name[2] == 'C')
1645 || (name[0] == 'E' && name[1] == 'N' && name[2] == 'V')
1646 || (name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'I' && name[2] == 'G'))
1650 if (name[0] == 'A' && name[1] == 'R' && name[2] == 'G'
1655 if (name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'T' && name[2] == 'D'
1656 && name[3] == 'I' && name[4] == 'N')
1660 if ((name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'T' && name[2] == 'D')
1661 &&((name[3] == 'O' && name[4] == 'U' && name[5] == 'T')
1662 ||(name[3] == 'E' && name[4] == 'R' && name[5] == 'R')))
1666 if (name[0] == 'A' && name[1] == 'R' && name[2] == 'G'
1667 && name[3] == 'V' && name[4] == 'O' && name[5] == 'U'
1673 /* *{""}, or a special variable like $@ */
1681 /* This function is called if parse_gv_stash_name() failed to
1682 * find a stash, or if GV_NOTQUAL or an empty name was passed
1683 * to gv_fetchpvn_flags.
1685 * It returns FALSE if the default stash can't be found nor created,
1686 * which might happen during global destruction.
1688 PERL_STATIC_INLINE bool
1689 S_find_default_stash(pTHX_ HV **stash, const char *name, STRLEN len,
1690 const U32 is_utf8, const I32 add,
1691 const svtype sv_type)
1693 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_FIND_DEFAULT_STASH;
1695 /* No stash in name, so see how we can default */
1697 if ( gv_is_in_main(name, len, is_utf8) ) {
1698 *stash = PL_defstash;
1701 if (IN_PERL_COMPILETIME) {
1702 *stash = PL_curstash;
1703 if (add && (PL_hints & HINT_STRICT_VARS) &&
1704 sv_type != SVt_PVCV &&
1705 sv_type != SVt_PVGV &&
1706 sv_type != SVt_PVFM &&
1707 sv_type != SVt_PVIO &&
1708 !(len == 1 && sv_type == SVt_PV &&
1709 (*name == 'a' || *name == 'b')) )
1711 GV**gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(*stash,name,is_utf8 ? -(I32)len : (I32)len,0);
1712 if (!gvp || *gvp == (const GV *)&PL_sv_undef ||
1713 SvTYPE(*gvp) != SVt_PVGV)
1717 else if ((sv_type == SVt_PV && !GvIMPORTED_SV(*gvp)) ||
1718 (sv_type == SVt_PVAV && !GvIMPORTED_AV(*gvp)) ||
1719 (sv_type == SVt_PVHV && !GvIMPORTED_HV(*gvp)) )
1721 /* diag_listed_as: Variable "%s" is not imported%s */
1723 aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_MISC),
1724 "Variable \"%c%"UTF8f"\" is not imported",
1725 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? '@' :
1726 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? '%' : '$',
1727 UTF8fARG(is_utf8, len, name));
1730 aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_MISC),
1731 "\t(Did you mean &%"UTF8f" instead?)\n",
1732 UTF8fARG(is_utf8, len, name)
1739 /* Use the current op's stash */
1740 *stash = CopSTASH(PL_curcop);
1745 if (add && !PL_in_clean_all) {
1747 qerror(Perl_mess(aTHX_
1748 "Global symbol \"%s%"UTF8f
1749 "\" requires explicit package name (did you forget to "
1750 "declare \"my %s%"UTF8f"\"?)",
1751 (sv_type == SVt_PV ? "$"
1752 : sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? "@"
1753 : sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? "%"
1754 : ""), UTF8fARG(is_utf8, len, name),
1755 (sv_type == SVt_PV ? "$"
1756 : sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? "@"
1757 : sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? "%"
1758 : ""), UTF8fARG(is_utf8, len, name)));
1759 /* To maintain the output of errors after the strict exception
1760 * above, and to keep compat with older releases, rather than
1761 * placing the variables in the pad, we place
1762 * them in the <none>:: stash.
1764 gv = gv_fetchpvs("<none>::", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV);
1766 /* symbol table under destruction */
1775 if (!SvREFCNT(*stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
1781 /* gv_magicalize only turns on the SVf_READONLY flag, not SVf_PROTECT. So
1782 redefine SvREADONLY_on for that purpose. We don’t use it later on in
1784 #undef SvREADONLY_on
1785 #define SvREADONLY_on(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) |= SVf_READONLY)
1787 /* gv_magicalize() is called by gv_fetchpvn_flags when creating
1789 * Note that it does not insert the GV into the stash prior to
1790 * magicalization, which some variables require need in order
1791 * to work (like $[, %+, %-, %!), so callers must take care of
1794 * The return value has a specific meaning for gv_fetchpvn_flags:
1795 * If it returns true, and the gv is empty, it indicates that its
1796 * refcount should be decreased.
1798 PERL_STATIC_INLINE bool
1799 S_gv_magicalize(pTHX_ GV *gv, HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len,
1800 bool addmg, const svtype sv_type)
1804 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_MAGICALIZE;
1806 if (stash != PL_defstash) { /* not the main stash */
1807 /* We only have to check for a few names here: a, b, EXPORT, ISA
1808 and VERSION. All the others apply only to the main stash or to
1809 CORE (which is checked right after this). */
1811 const char * const name2 = name + 1;
1814 if (strnEQ(name2, "XPORT", 5))
1818 if (strEQ(name2, "SA"))
1819 gv_magicalize_isa(gv);
1822 if (strEQ(name2, "ERSION"))
1827 if (len == 1 && sv_type == SVt_PV)
1836 if (len > 1 /* shortest is uc */ && HvNAMELEN_get(stash) == 4) {
1837 /* Avoid null warning: */
1838 const char * const stashname = HvNAME(stash); assert(stashname);
1839 if (strnEQ(stashname, "CORE", 4))
1840 S_maybe_add_coresub(aTHX_ 0, gv, name, len);
1847 /* Nothing else to do.
1848 The compiler will probably turn the switch statement into a
1849 branch table. Make sure we avoid even that small overhead for
1850 the common case of lower case variable names. (On EBCDIC
1851 platforms, we can't just do:
1852 if (NATIVE_TO_ASCII(*name) > NATIVE_TO_ASCII('V') ) {
1853 because cases like '\027' in the switch statement below are
1854 C1 (non-ASCII) controls on those platforms, so the remapping
1855 would make them larger than 'V')
1860 const char * name2 = name + 1;
1863 if (strEQ(name2, "RGV")) {
1864 IoFLAGS(GvIOn(gv)) |= IOf_ARGV|IOf_START;
1866 else if (strEQ(name2, "RGVOUT")) {
1871 if (strnEQ(name2, "XPORT", 5))
1875 if (strEQ(name2, "SA")) {
1876 gv_magicalize_isa(gv);
1880 if (strEQ(name2, "IG")) {
1883 if (!PL_psig_name) {
1884 Newxz(PL_psig_name, 2 * SIG_SIZE, SV*);
1885 Newxz(PL_psig_pend, SIG_SIZE, int);
1886 PL_psig_ptr = PL_psig_name + SIG_SIZE;
1888 /* I think that the only way to get here is to re-use an
1889 embedded perl interpreter, where the previous
1890 use didn't clean up fully because
1891 PL_perl_destruct_level was 0. I'm not sure that we
1892 "support" that, in that I suspect in that scenario
1893 there are sufficient other garbage values left in the
1894 interpreter structure that something else will crash
1895 before we get here. I suspect that this is one of
1896 those "doctor, it hurts when I do this" bugs. */
1897 Zero(PL_psig_name, 2 * SIG_SIZE, SV*);
1898 Zero(PL_psig_pend, SIG_SIZE, int);
1902 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_sig);
1903 for (i = 1; i < SIG_SIZE; i++) {
1904 SV * const * const init = hv_fetch(hv, PL_sig_name[i], strlen(PL_sig_name[i]), 1);
1906 sv_setsv(*init, &PL_sv_undef);
1911 if (strEQ(name2, "ERSION"))
1914 case '\003': /* $^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE */
1915 if (strEQ(name2, "HILD_ERROR_NATIVE"))
1918 case '\005': /* $^ENCODING */
1919 if (*name2 == '_') {
1922 if (strEQ(name2, "NCODING"))
1925 case '\007': /* $^GLOBAL_PHASE */
1926 if (strEQ(name2, "LOBAL_PHASE"))
1929 case '\014': /* $^LAST_FH */
1930 if (strEQ(name2, "AST_FH"))
1933 case '\015': /* $^MATCH */
1934 if (strEQ(name2, "ATCH")) {
1935 paren = RX_BUFF_IDX_CARET_FULLMATCH;
1939 case '\017': /* $^OPEN */
1940 if (strEQ(name2, "PEN"))
1943 case '\020': /* $^PREMATCH $^POSTMATCH */
1944 if (strEQ(name2, "REMATCH")) {
1945 paren = RX_BUFF_IDX_CARET_PREMATCH;
1948 if (strEQ(name2, "OSTMATCH")) {
1949 paren = RX_BUFF_IDX_CARET_POSTMATCH;
1953 case '\024': /* ${^TAINT} */
1954 if (strEQ(name2, "AINT"))
1957 case '\025': /* ${^UNICODE}, ${^UTF8LOCALE} */
1958 if (strEQ(name2, "NICODE"))
1960 if (strEQ(name2, "TF8LOCALE"))
1962 if (strEQ(name2, "TF8CACHE"))
1965 case '\027': /* $^WARNING_BITS */
1966 if (strEQ(name2, "ARNING_BITS"))
1979 /* Ensures that we have an all-digit variable, ${"1foo"} fails
1981 /* This snippet is taken from is_gv_magical */
1982 const char *end = name + len;
1983 while (--end > name) {
1987 paren = grok_atou(name, NULL);
1993 /* Names of length 1. (Or 0. But name is NUL terminated, so that will
1994 be case '\0' in this switch statement (ie a default case) */
1997 paren = RX_BUFF_IDX_FULLMATCH;
2000 paren = RX_BUFF_IDX_PREMATCH;
2003 paren = RX_BUFF_IDX_POSTMATCH;
2005 #ifdef PERL_SAWAMPERSAND
2007 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ||
2008 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ||
2009 sv_type == SVt_PVCV ||
2010 sv_type == SVt_PVFM ||
2012 )) { PL_sawampersand |=
2016 ? SAWAMPERSAND_MIDDLE
2017 : SAWAMPERSAND_RIGHT;
2030 paren = *name - '0';
2033 /* Flag the capture variables with a NULL mg_ptr
2034 Use mg_len for the array index to lookup. */
2035 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), MUTABLE_SV(gv), PERL_MAGIC_sv, NULL, paren);
2039 sv_setpv(GvSVn(gv),PL_chopset);
2043 #ifdef COMPLEX_STATUS
2044 SvUPGRADE(GvSVn(gv), SVt_PVLV);
2050 /* If %! has been used, automatically load Errno.pm. */
2052 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), MUTABLE_SV(gv), PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
2054 /* magicalization must be done before require_tie_mod is called */
2055 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV)
2057 require_tie_mod(gv, "!", newSVpvs("Errno"), "TIEHASH", 1);
2064 GvMULTI_on(gv); /* no used once warnings here */
2066 AV* const av = GvAVn(gv);
2067 SV* const avc = (*name == '+') ? MUTABLE_SV(av) : NULL;
2069 sv_magic(MUTABLE_SV(av), avc, PERL_MAGIC_regdata, NULL, 0);
2070 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), MUTABLE_SV(gv), PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
2072 SvREADONLY_on(GvSVn(gv));
2075 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV)
2077 require_tie_mod(gv, name, newSVpvs("Tie::Hash::NamedCapture"), "TIEHASH", 0);
2085 if (sv_type == SVt_PV)
2086 /* diag_listed_as: $* is no longer supported */
2087 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
2088 "$%c is no longer supported", *name);
2090 case '\010': /* $^H */
2092 HV *const hv = GvHVn(gv);
2093 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_hints);
2097 if ((sv_type == SVt_PV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV)
2098 && FEATURE_ARYBASE_IS_ENABLED) {
2099 require_tie_mod(gv,name,newSVpvs("arybase"),"FETCH",0);
2102 else goto magicalize;
2104 case '\023': /* $^S */
2106 SvREADONLY_on(GvSVn(gv));
2122 case '\001': /* $^A */
2123 case '\003': /* $^C */
2124 case '\004': /* $^D */
2125 case '\005': /* $^E */
2126 case '\006': /* $^F */
2127 case '\011': /* $^I, NOT \t in EBCDIC */
2128 case '\016': /* $^N */
2129 case '\017': /* $^O */
2130 case '\020': /* $^P */
2131 case '\024': /* $^T */
2132 case '\027': /* $^W */
2134 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), MUTABLE_SV(gv), PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
2137 case '\014': /* $^L */
2138 sv_setpvs(GvSVn(gv),"\f");
2141 sv_setpvs(GvSVn(gv),"\034");
2145 SV * const sv = GvSV(gv);
2146 if (!sv_derived_from(PL_patchlevel, "version"))
2147 upg_version(PL_patchlevel, TRUE);
2148 GvSV(gv) = vnumify(PL_patchlevel);
2149 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
2153 case '\026': /* $^V */
2155 SV * const sv = GvSV(gv);
2156 GvSV(gv) = new_version(PL_patchlevel);
2157 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
2163 if (sv_type == SVt_PV)
2171 /* If we do ever start using this later on in the file, we need to make
2172 sure we don’t accidentally use the wrong definition. */
2173 #undef SvREADONLY_on
2175 /* This function is called when the stash already holds the GV of the magic
2176 * variable we're looking for, but we need to check that it has the correct
2177 * kind of magic. For example, if someone first uses $! and then %!, the
2178 * latter would end up here, and we add the Errno tie to the HASH slot of
2181 PERL_STATIC_INLINE void
2182 S_maybe_multimagic_gv(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *name, const svtype sv_type)
2184 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_MAYBE_MULTIMAGIC_GV;
2186 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV) {
2188 require_tie_mod(gv, "!", newSVpvs("Errno"), "TIEHASH", 1);
2189 else if (*name == '-' || *name == '+')
2190 require_tie_mod(gv, name, newSVpvs("Tie::Hash::NamedCapture"), "TIEHASH", 0);
2191 } else if (sv_type == SVt_PV) {
2192 if (*name == '*' || *name == '#') {
2193 /* diag_listed_as: $* is no longer supported */
2194 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED,
2196 "$%c is no longer supported", *name);
2199 if (sv_type==SVt_PV || sv_type==SVt_PVGV) {
2202 require_tie_mod(gv,name,newSVpvs("arybase"),"FETCH",0);
2204 #ifdef PERL_SAWAMPERSAND
2206 PL_sawampersand |= SAWAMPERSAND_LEFT;
2210 PL_sawampersand |= SAWAMPERSAND_MIDDLE;
2214 PL_sawampersand |= SAWAMPERSAND_RIGHT;
2223 Perl_gv_fetchpvn_flags(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, STRLEN full_len, I32 flags,
2224 const svtype sv_type)
2226 const char *name = nambeg;
2231 const I32 no_init = flags & (GV_NOADD_NOINIT | GV_NOINIT);
2232 const I32 no_expand = flags & GV_NOEXPAND;
2233 const I32 add = flags & ~GV_NOADD_MASK;
2234 const U32 is_utf8 = flags & SVf_UTF8;
2235 bool addmg = cBOOL(flags & GV_ADDMG);
2236 const char *const name_end = nambeg + full_len;
2239 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHPVN_FLAGS;
2241 /* If we have GV_NOTQUAL, the caller promised that
2242 * there is no stash, so we can skip the check.
2243 * Similarly if full_len is 0, since then we're
2244 * dealing with something like *{""} or ""->foo()
2246 if ((flags & GV_NOTQUAL) || !full_len) {
2249 else if (parse_gv_stash_name(&stash, &gv, &name, &len, nambeg, full_len, is_utf8, add)) {
2250 if (name == name_end) return gv;
2256 if (!stash && !find_default_stash(&stash, name, len, is_utf8, add, sv_type)) {
2260 /* By this point we should have a stash and a name */
2261 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,is_utf8 ? -(I32)len : (I32)len,add);
2262 if (!gvp || *gvp == (const GV *)&PL_sv_undef) {
2263 if (addmg) gv = (GV *)newSV(0);
2266 else gv = *gvp, addmg = 0;
2267 /* From this point on, addmg means gv has not been inserted in the
2270 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV) {
2271 /* The GV already exists, so return it, but check if we need to do
2272 * anything else with it before that.
2275 /* This is the heuristic that handles if a variable triggers the
2276 * 'used only once' warning. If there's already a GV in the stash
2277 * with this name, then we assume that the variable has been used
2278 * before and turn its MULTI flag on.
2279 * It's a heuristic because it can easily be "tricked", like with
2280 * BEGIN { $a = 1; $::{foo} = *a }; () = $foo
2281 * not warning about $main::foo being used just once
2284 gv_init_svtype(gv, sv_type);
2285 /* You reach this path once the typeglob has already been created,
2286 either by the same or a different sigil. If this path didn't
2287 exist, then (say) referencing $! first, and %! second would
2288 mean that %! was not handled correctly. */
2289 if (len == 1 && stash == PL_defstash) {
2290 maybe_multimagic_gv(gv, name, sv_type);
2292 else if (len == 3 && sv_type == SVt_PVAV
2293 && strnEQ(name, "ISA", 3)
2294 && (!GvAV(gv) || !SvSMAGICAL(GvAV(gv))))
2295 gv_magicalize_isa(gv);
2298 } else if (no_init) {
2302 /* If GV_NOEXPAND is true and what we got off the stash is a ref,
2303 * don't expand it to a glob. This is an optimization so that things
2304 * copying constants over, like Exporter, don't have to be rewritten
2305 * to take into account that you can store more than just globs in
2308 else if (no_expand && SvROK(gv)) {
2313 /* Adding a new symbol.
2314 Unless of course there was already something non-GV here, in which case
2315 we want to behave as if there was always a GV here, containing some sort
2317 Otherwise we run the risk of creating things like GvIO, which can cause
2318 subtle bugs. eg the one that tripped up SQL::Translator */
2320 faking_it = SvOK(gv);
2322 if (add & GV_ADDWARN)
2323 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
2324 "Had to create %"UTF8f" unexpectedly",
2325 UTF8fARG(is_utf8, name_end-nambeg, nambeg));
2326 gv_init_pvn(gv, stash, name, len, (add & GV_ADDMULTI)|is_utf8);
2328 if ( isIDFIRST_lazy_if(name, is_utf8) && !ckWARN(WARN_ONCE) )
2331 /* First, store the gv in the symtab if we're adding magic,
2332 * but only for non-empty GVs
2334 #define GvEMPTY(gv) !(GvAV(gv) || GvHV(gv) || GvIO(gv) \
2335 || GvCV(gv) || (GvSV(gv) && SvOK(GvSV(gv))))
2337 if ( addmg && !GvEMPTY(gv) ) {
2338 (void)hv_store(stash,name,len,(SV *)gv,0);
2341 /* set up magic where warranted */
2342 if ( gv_magicalize(gv, stash, name, len, addmg, sv_type) ) {
2345 if ( GvSV(gv) && SvMAGICAL(GvSV(gv)) ) {
2346 /* The GV was and still is "empty", except that now
2347 * it has the magic flags turned on, so we want it
2348 * stored in the symtab.
2350 (void)hv_store(stash,name,len,(SV *)gv,0);
2353 /* Most likely the temporary GV created above */
2354 SvREFCNT_dec_NN(gv);
2360 if (gv) gv_init_svtype(gv, faking_it ? SVt_PVCV : sv_type);
2365 Perl_gv_fullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, const GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
2368 const HV * const hv = GvSTASH(gv);
2370 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FULLNAME4;
2372 sv_setpv(sv, prefix ? prefix : "");
2374 if (hv && (name = HvNAME(hv))) {
2375 const STRLEN len = HvNAMELEN(hv);
2376 if (keepmain || strnNE(name, "main", len)) {
2377 sv_catpvn_flags(sv,name,len,HvNAMEUTF8(hv)?SV_CATUTF8:SV_CATBYTES);
2381 else sv_catpvs(sv,"__ANON__::");
2382 sv_catsv(sv,sv_2mortal(newSVhek(GvNAME_HEK(gv))));
2386 Perl_gv_efullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, const GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
2388 const GV * const egv = GvEGVx(gv);
2390 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_EFULLNAME4;
2392 gv_fullname4(sv, egv ? egv : gv, prefix, keepmain);
2396 /* recursively scan a stash and any nested stashes looking for entries
2397 * that need the "only used once" warning raised
2401 Perl_gv_check(pTHX_ HV *stash)
2405 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_CHECK;
2407 if (!HvARRAY(stash))
2410 assert(SvOOK(stash));
2412 for (i = 0; i <= (I32) HvMAX(stash); i++) {
2414 /* mark stash is being scanned, to avoid recursing */
2415 HvAUX(stash)->xhv_aux_flags |= HvAUXf_SCAN_STASH;
2416 for (entry = HvARRAY(stash)[i]; entry; entry = HeNEXT(entry)) {
2419 if (HeKEY(entry)[HeKLEN(entry)-1] == ':' &&
2420 (gv = MUTABLE_GV(HeVAL(entry))) && isGV(gv) && (hv = GvHV(gv)))
2422 if (hv != PL_defstash && hv != stash
2424 && (HvAUX(hv)->xhv_aux_flags & HvAUXf_SCAN_STASH))
2426 gv_check(hv); /* nested package */
2428 else if ( *HeKEY(entry) != '_'
2429 && isIDFIRST_lazy_if(HeKEY(entry), HeUTF8(entry)) ) {
2431 gv = MUTABLE_GV(HeVAL(entry));
2432 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV || GvMULTI(gv))
2435 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, GvLINE(gv));
2437 CopFILE(PL_curcop) = (char *)file; /* set for warning */
2439 CopFILEGV(PL_curcop)
2440 = gv_fetchfile_flags(file, HEK_LEN(GvFILE_HEK(gv)), 0);
2442 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_ONCE),
2443 "Name \"%"HEKf"::%"HEKf
2444 "\" used only once: possible typo",
2445 HEKfARG(HvNAME_HEK(stash)),
2446 HEKfARG(GvNAME_HEK(gv)));
2449 HvAUX(stash)->xhv_aux_flags &= ~HvAUXf_SCAN_STASH;
2454 Perl_newGVgen_flags(pTHX_ const char *pack, U32 flags)
2456 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWGVGEN_FLAGS;
2457 assert(!(flags & ~SVf_UTF8));
2459 return gv_fetchpv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%"UTF8f"::_GEN_%ld",
2460 UTF8fARG(flags, strlen(pack), pack),
2465 /* hopefully this is only called on local symbol table entries */
2468 Perl_gp_ref(pTHX_ GP *gp)
2475 /* If the GP they asked for a reference to contains
2476 a method cache entry, clear it first, so that we
2477 don't infect them with our cached entry */
2478 SvREFCNT_dec_NN(gp->gp_cv);
2487 Perl_gp_free(pTHX_ GV *gv)
2492 if (!gv || !isGV_with_GP(gv) || !(gp = GvGP(gv)))
2494 if (gp->gp_refcnt == 0) {
2495 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
2496 "Attempt to free unreferenced glob pointers"
2497 pTHX__FORMAT pTHX__VALUE);
2500 if (gp->gp_refcnt > 1) {
2502 if (gp->gp_egv == gv)
2510 /* Copy and null out all the glob slots, so destructors do not see
2512 HEK * const file_hek = gp->gp_file_hek;
2513 SV * const sv = gp->gp_sv;
2514 AV * const av = gp->gp_av;
2515 HV * const hv = gp->gp_hv;
2516 IO * const io = gp->gp_io;
2517 CV * const cv = gp->gp_cv;
2518 CV * const form = gp->gp_form;
2520 gp->gp_file_hek = NULL;
2529 unshare_hek(file_hek);
2533 /* FIXME - another reference loop GV -> symtab -> GV ?
2534 Somehow gp->gp_hv can end up pointing at freed garbage. */
2535 if (hv && SvTYPE(hv) == SVt_PVHV) {
2536 const HEK *hvname_hek = HvNAME_HEK(hv);
2537 DEBUG_o(Perl_deb(aTHX_ "gp_free clearing PL_stashcache for '%"HEKf"'\n", HEKfARG(hvname_hek)));
2538 if (PL_stashcache && hvname_hek)
2539 (void)hv_deletehek(PL_stashcache, hvname_hek, G_DISCARD);
2542 if (io && SvREFCNT(io) == 1 && IoIFP(io)
2543 && (IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_WRONLY ||
2544 IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_RDWR ||
2545 IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_APPEND)
2546 && ckWARN_d(WARN_IO)
2547 && IoIFP(io) != PerlIO_stdin()
2548 && IoIFP(io) != PerlIO_stdout()
2549 && IoIFP(io) != PerlIO_stderr()
2550 && !(IoFLAGS(io) & IOf_FAKE_DIRP))
2551 io_close(io, gv, FALSE, TRUE);
2556 /* Possibly reallocated by a destructor */
2559 if (!gp->gp_file_hek
2565 && !gp->gp_form) break;
2567 if (--attempts == 0) {
2569 "panic: gp_free failed to free glob pointer - "
2570 "something is repeatedly re-creating entries"
2575 /* Possibly incremented by a destructor doing glob assignment */
2576 if (gp->gp_refcnt > 1) goto borrowed;
2582 Perl_magic_freeovrld(pTHX_ SV *sv, MAGIC *mg)
2584 AMT * const amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
2585 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(sv);
2587 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_MAGIC_FREEOVRLD;
2589 if (amtp && AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
2591 for (i = 1; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
2592 CV * const cv = amtp->table[i];
2594 SvREFCNT_dec_NN(MUTABLE_SV(cv));
2595 amtp->table[i] = NULL;
2602 /* Updates and caches the CV's */
2604 * 1 on success and there is some overload
2605 * 0 if there is no overload
2606 * -1 if some error occurred and it couldn't croak
2610 Perl_Gv_AMupdate(pTHX_ HV *stash, bool destructing)
2612 MAGIC* const mg = mg_find((const SV *)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
2614 const struct mro_meta* stash_meta = HvMROMETA(stash);
2617 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_AMUPDATE;
2619 newgen = PL_sub_generation + stash_meta->pkg_gen + stash_meta->cache_gen;
2621 const AMT * const amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
2622 if (amtp->was_ok_sub == newgen) {
2623 return AMT_AMAGIC(amtp) ? 1 : 0;
2625 sv_unmagic(MUTABLE_SV(stash), PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
2628 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Recalcing overload magic in package %s\n",HvNAME_get(stash)) );
2631 amt.was_ok_sub = newgen;
2632 amt.fallback = AMGfallNO;
2638 bool deref_seen = 0;
2641 /* Work with "fallback" key, which we assume to be first in PL_AMG_names */
2643 /* Try to find via inheritance. */
2644 GV *gv = gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, PL_AMG_names[0], 2, -1, 0);
2645 SV * const sv = gv ? GvSV(gv) : NULL;
2650 if (!gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, "((", 2, -1, 0))
2653 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
2655 NOOP; /* Equivalent to !SvTRUE and !SvOK */
2658 else if (SvTRUE(sv))
2659 /* don't need to set overloading here because fallback => 1
2660 * is the default setting for classes without overloading */
2661 amt.fallback=AMGfallYES;
2662 else if (SvOK(sv)) {
2663 amt.fallback=AMGfallNEVER;
2670 assert(SvOOK(stash));
2671 /* initially assume the worst */
2672 HvAUX(stash)->xhv_aux_flags &= ~HvAUXf_NO_DEREF;
2674 for (i = 1; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
2675 const char * const cooky = PL_AMG_names[i];
2676 /* Human-readable form, for debugging: */
2677 const char * const cp = AMG_id2name(i);
2678 const STRLEN l = PL_AMG_namelens[i];
2680 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Checking overloading of \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\"\n",
2681 cp, HvNAME_get(stash)) );
2682 /* don't fill the cache while looking up!
2683 Creation of inheritance stubs in intermediate packages may
2684 conflict with the logic of runtime method substitution.
2685 Indeed, for inheritance A -> B -> C, if C overloads "+0",
2686 then we could have created stubs for "(+0" in A and C too.
2687 But if B overloads "bool", we may want to use it for
2688 numifying instead of C's "+0". */
2689 gv = Perl_gv_fetchmeth_pvn(aTHX_ stash, cooky, l, -1, 0);
2691 if (gv && (cv = GvCV(gv)) && CvHASGV(cv)) {
2692 const HEK * const gvhek =
2693 CvNAMED(cv) ? CvNAME_HEK(cv) : GvNAME_HEK(CvGV(cv));
2694 const HEK * const stashek =
2695 HvNAME_HEK(CvNAMED(cv) ? CvSTASH(cv) : GvSTASH(CvGV(cv)));
2696 if (HEK_LEN(gvhek) == 3 && strEQ(HEK_KEY(gvhek), "nil")
2697 && stashek && HEK_LEN(stashek) == 8
2698 && strEQ(HEK_KEY(stashek), "overload")) {
2699 /* This is a hack to support autoloading..., while
2700 knowing *which* methods were declared as overloaded. */
2701 /* GvSV contains the name of the method. */
2703 SV *gvsv = GvSV(gv);
2705 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Resolving method \"%"SVf256\
2706 "\" for overloaded \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\"\n",
2707 (void*)GvSV(gv), cp, HvNAME(stash)) );
2708 if (!gvsv || !SvPOK(gvsv)
2709 || !(ngv = gv_fetchmethod_sv_flags(stash, gvsv, 0)))
2711 /* Can be an import stub (created by "can"). */
2716 const SV * const name = (gvsv && SvPOK(gvsv))
2718 : newSVpvs_flags("???", SVs_TEMP);
2719 /* diag_listed_as: Can't resolve method "%s" overloading "%s" in package "%s" */
2720 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s method \"%"SVf256
2721 "\" overloading \"%s\" "\
2722 "in package \"%"HEKf256"\"",
2723 (GvCVGEN(gv) ? "Stub found while resolving"
2731 cv = GvCV(gv = ngv);
2733 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Overloading \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\" via \"%.256s::%.256s\"\n",
2734 cp, HvNAME_get(stash), HvNAME_get(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))),
2735 GvNAME(CvGV(cv))) );
2737 } else if (gv) { /* Autoloaded... */
2738 cv = MUTABLE_CV(gv);
2741 amt.table[i]=MUTABLE_CV(SvREFCNT_inc_simple(cv));
2757 /* none of @{} etc overloaded; we can do $obj->[N] quicker.
2758 * NB - aux var invalid here, HvARRAY() could have been
2759 * reallocated since it was assigned to */
2760 HvAUX(stash)->xhv_aux_flags |= HvAUXf_NO_DEREF;
2763 AMT_AMAGIC_on(&amt);
2764 sv_magic(MUTABLE_SV(stash), 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
2765 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMT));
2769 /* Here we have no table: */
2771 AMT_AMAGIC_off(&amt);
2772 sv_magic(MUTABLE_SV(stash), 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
2773 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMTS));
2779 Perl_gv_handler(pTHX_ HV *stash, I32 id)
2784 struct mro_meta* stash_meta;
2786 if (!stash || !HvNAME_get(stash))
2789 stash_meta = HvMROMETA(stash);
2790 newgen = PL_sub_generation + stash_meta->pkg_gen + stash_meta->cache_gen;
2792 mg = mg_find((const SV *)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
2795 if (Gv_AMupdate(stash, 0) == -1)
2797 mg = mg_find((const SV *)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
2800 amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
2801 if ( amtp->was_ok_sub != newgen )
2803 if (AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
2804 CV * const ret = amtp->table[id];
2805 if (ret && isGV(ret)) { /* Autoloading stab */
2806 /* Passing it through may have resulted in a warning
2807 "Inherited AUTOLOAD for a non-method deprecated", since
2808 our caller is going through a function call, not a method call.
2809 So return the CV for AUTOLOAD, setting $AUTOLOAD. */
2810 GV * const gv = gv_fetchmethod(stash, PL_AMG_names[id]);
2822 /* Implement tryAMAGICun_MG macro.
2823 Do get magic, then see if the stack arg is overloaded and if so call it.
2825 AMGf_set return the arg using SETs rather than assigning to
2827 AMGf_numeric apply sv_2num to the stack arg.
2831 Perl_try_amagic_un(pTHX_ int method, int flags) {
2834 SV* const arg = TOPs;
2838 if (SvAMAGIC(arg) && (tmpsv = amagic_call(arg, &PL_sv_undef, method,
2839 AMGf_noright | AMGf_unary))) {
2840 if (flags & AMGf_set) {
2845 if (SvPADMY(TARG)) {
2846 sv_setsv(TARG, tmpsv);
2856 if ((flags & AMGf_numeric) && SvROK(arg))
2862 /* Implement tryAMAGICbin_MG macro.
2863 Do get magic, then see if the two stack args are overloaded and if so
2866 AMGf_set return the arg using SETs rather than assigning to
2868 AMGf_assign op may be called as mutator (eg +=)
2869 AMGf_numeric apply sv_2num to the stack arg.
2873 Perl_try_amagic_bin(pTHX_ int method, int flags) {
2875 SV* const left = TOPm1s;
2876 SV* const right = TOPs;
2882 if (SvAMAGIC(left) || SvAMAGIC(right)) {
2883 SV * const tmpsv = amagic_call(left, right, method,
2884 ((flags & AMGf_assign) && opASSIGN ? AMGf_assign: 0));
2886 if (flags & AMGf_set) {
2893 if (opASSIGN || SvPADMY(TARG)) {
2894 sv_setsv(TARG, tmpsv);
2904 if(left==right && SvGMAGICAL(left)) {
2905 SV * const left = sv_newmortal();
2907 /* Print the uninitialized warning now, so it includes the vari-
2910 if (ckWARN(WARN_UNINITIALIZED)) report_uninit(right);
2911 sv_setsv_flags(left, &PL_sv_no, 0);
2913 else sv_setsv_flags(left, right, 0);
2916 if (flags & AMGf_numeric) {
2918 *(sp-1) = sv_2num(TOPm1s);
2920 *sp = sv_2num(right);
2926 Perl_amagic_deref_call(pTHX_ SV *ref, int method) {
2930 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_AMAGIC_DEREF_CALL;
2934 /* return quickly if none of the deref ops are overloaded */
2935 stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(ref));
2936 assert(SvOOK(stash));
2937 if (HvAUX(stash)->xhv_aux_flags & HvAUXf_NO_DEREF)
2940 while ((tmpsv = amagic_call(ref, &PL_sv_undef, method,
2941 AMGf_noright | AMGf_unary))) {
2943 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Overloaded dereference did not return a reference");
2944 if (tmpsv == ref || SvRV(tmpsv) == SvRV(ref)) {
2945 /* Bail out if it returns us the same reference. */
2952 return tmpsv ? tmpsv : ref;
2956 Perl_amagic_is_enabled(pTHX_ int method)
2958 SV *lex_mask = cop_hints_fetch_pvs(PL_curcop, "overloading", 0);
2960 assert(PL_curcop->cop_hints & HINT_NO_AMAGIC);
2962 if ( !lex_mask || !SvOK(lex_mask) )
2963 /* overloading lexically disabled */
2965 else if ( lex_mask && SvPOK(lex_mask) ) {
2966 /* we have an entry in the hints hash, check if method has been
2967 * masked by overloading.pm */
2969 const int offset = method / 8;
2970 const int bit = method % 8;
2971 char *pv = SvPV(lex_mask, len);
2973 /* Bit set, so this overloading operator is disabled */
2974 if ( (STRLEN)offset < len && pv[offset] & ( 1 << bit ) )
2981 Perl_amagic_call(pTHX_ SV *left, SV *right, int method, int flags)
2986 CV **cvp=NULL, **ocvp=NULL;
2987 AMT *amtp=NULL, *oamtp=NULL;
2988 int off = 0, off1, lr = 0, notfound = 0;
2989 int postpr = 0, force_cpy = 0;
2990 int assign = AMGf_assign & flags;
2991 const int assignshift = assign ? 1 : 0;
2992 int use_default_op = 0;
2993 int force_scalar = 0;
2999 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_AMAGIC_CALL;
3001 if ( PL_curcop->cop_hints & HINT_NO_AMAGIC ) {
3002 if (!amagic_is_enabled(method)) return NULL;
3005 if (!(AMGf_noleft & flags) && SvAMAGIC(left)
3006 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(left))) && Gv_AMG(stash)
3007 && (mg = mg_find((const SV *)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
3008 && (ocvp = cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
3009 ? (oamtp = amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
3011 && ((cv = cvp[off=method+assignshift])
3012 || (assign && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && /* fallback to
3018 cv = cvp[off=method])))) {
3019 lr = -1; /* Call method for left argument */
3021 if (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && flags & AMGf_unary) {
3024 /* look for substituted methods */
3025 /* In all the covered cases we should be called with assign==0. */
3029 if ((cv = cvp[off=add_ass_amg])
3030 || ((cv = cvp[off = add_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr = 1))) {
3031 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
3036 if ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_ass_amg])
3037 || ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr=1))) {
3038 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
3042 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
3045 (void)((cv = cvp[off=string_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
3048 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
3051 (void)((cv = cvp[off=bool__amg])
3052 || (cv = cvp[off=numer_amg])
3053 || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
3060 * SV* ref causes confusion with the interpreter variable of
3063 SV* const tmpRef=SvRV(left);
3064 if (!SvROK(tmpRef) && SvTYPE(tmpRef) <= SVt_PVMG) {
3066 * Just to be extra cautious. Maybe in some
3067 * additional cases sv_setsv is safe, too.
3069 SV* const newref = newSVsv(tmpRef);
3070 SvOBJECT_on(newref);
3071 /* No need to do SvAMAGIC_on here, as SvAMAGIC macros
3072 delegate to the stash. */
3073 SvSTASH_set(newref, MUTABLE_HV(SvREFCNT_inc(SvSTASH(tmpRef))));
3079 if ((cvp[off1=lt_amg] || cvp[off1=ncmp_amg])
3080 && ((cv = cvp[off=neg_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg]))) {
3081 SV* const nullsv=sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
3083 SV* const lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
3084 lt_amg,AMGf_noright);
3085 logic = SvTRUE(lessp);
3087 SV* const lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
3088 ncmp_amg,AMGf_noright);
3089 logic = (SvNV(lessp) < 0);
3092 if (off==subtr_amg) {
3103 if ((cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg])) {
3105 left = sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
3110 case iter_amg: /* XXXX Eventually should do to_gv. */
3111 case ftest_amg: /* XXXX Eventually should do to_gv. */
3114 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
3122 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
3127 if (!cv) goto not_found;
3128 } else if (!(AMGf_noright & flags) && SvAMAGIC(right)
3129 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(right))) && Gv_AMG(stash)
3130 && (mg = mg_find((const SV *)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
3131 && (cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
3132 ? (amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
3134 && (cv = cvp[off=method])) { /* Method for right
3137 } else if (((cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER)
3138 || (ocvp && oamtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER))
3139 && !(flags & AMGf_unary)) {
3140 /* We look for substitution for
3141 * comparison operations and
3143 if (method==concat_amg || method==concat_ass_amg
3144 || method==repeat_amg || method==repeat_ass_amg) {
3145 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to string conversion */
3167 if (ocvp && (oamtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER)) {
3171 if (!cv && (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER)) {
3181 not_found: /* No method found, either report or croak */
3189 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
3191 if (ocvp && (cv=ocvp[nomethod_amg])) { /* Call report method */
3192 notfound = 1; lr = -1;
3193 } else if (cvp && (cv=cvp[nomethod_amg])) {
3194 notfound = 1; lr = 1;
3195 } else if ((use_default_op =
3196 (!ocvp || oamtp->fallback >= AMGfallYES)
3197 && (!cvp || amtp->fallback >= AMGfallYES))
3199 /* Skip generating the "no method found" message. */
3203 if (off==-1) off=method;
3204 msg = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_
3205 "Operation \"%s\": no method found,%sargument %s%"SVf"%s%"SVf,
3206 AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),
3207 (flags & AMGf_unary ? " " : "\n\tleft "),
3209 "in overloaded package ":
3210 "has no overloaded magic",
3212 SVfARG(sv_2mortal(newSVhek(HvNAME_HEK(SvSTASH(SvRV(left)))))):
3215 ",\n\tright argument in overloaded package ":
3218 : ",\n\tright argument has no overloaded magic"),
3220 SVfARG(sv_2mortal(newSVhek(HvNAME_HEK(SvSTASH(SvRV(right)))))):
3221 SVfARG(&PL_sv_no)));
3222 if (use_default_op) {
3223 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "%"SVf, SVfARG(msg)) );
3225 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf, SVfARG(msg));
3229 force_cpy = force_cpy || assign;
3234 /* in these cases, we're calling '+' or '-' as a fallback for a ++ or --
3235 * operation. we need this to return a value, so that it can be assigned
3236 * later on, in the postpr block (case inc_amg/dec_amg), even if the
3237 * increment or decrement was itself called in void context */
3243 if (off == subtr_amg)
3246 /* in these cases, we're calling an assignment variant of an operator
3247 * (+= rather than +, for instance). regardless of whether it's a
3248 * fallback or not, it always has to return a value, which will be
3249 * assigned to the proper variable later */
3266 /* the copy constructor always needs to return a value */
3270 /* because of the way these are implemented (they don't perform the
3271 * dereferencing themselves, they return a reference that perl then
3272 * dereferences later), they always have to be in scalar context */
3280 /* these don't have an op of their own; they're triggered by their parent
3281 * op, so the context there isn't meaningful ('$a and foo()' in void
3282 * context still needs to pass scalar context on to $a's bool overload) */
3292 DEBUG_o(Perl_deb(aTHX_
3293 "Overloaded operator \"%s\"%s%s%s:\n\tmethod%s found%s in package %"SVf"%s\n",
3295 method+assignshift==off? "" :
3297 method+assignshift==off? "" :
3298 AMG_id2name(method+assignshift),
3299 method+assignshift==off? "" : "\")",
3300 flags & AMGf_unary? "" :
3301 lr==1 ? " for right argument": " for left argument",
3302 flags & AMGf_unary? " for argument" : "",
3303 stash ? SVfARG(sv_2mortal(newSVhek(HvNAME_HEK(stash)))) : SVfARG(newSVpvs_flags("null", SVs_TEMP)),
3304 fl? ",\n\tassignment variant used": "") );
3307 /* Since we use shallow copy during assignment, we need
3308 * to dublicate the contents, probably calling user-supplied
3309 * version of copy operator
3311 /* We need to copy in following cases:
3312 * a) Assignment form was called.
3313 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 == off
3314 * b) Increment or decrement, called directly.
3315 * assignshift==0, assign==0, method + 0 == off
3316 * c) Increment or decrement, translated to assignment add/subtr.
3317 * assignshift==0, assign==T,
3319 * d) Increment or decrement, translated to nomethod.
3320 * assignshift==0, assign==0,
3322 * e) Assignment form translated to nomethod.
3323 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 != off
3326 /* off is method, method+assignshift, or a result of opcode substitution.
3327 * In the latter case assignshift==0, so only notfound case is important.
3329 if ( (lr == -1) && ( ( (method + assignshift == off)
3330 && (assign || (method == inc_amg) || (method == dec_amg)))
3333 /* newSVsv does not behave as advertised, so we copy missing
3334 * information by hand */
3335 SV *tmpRef = SvRV(left);
3337 if (SvREFCNT(tmpRef) > 1 && (rv_copy = AMG_CALLunary(left,copy_amg))) {
3338 SvRV_set(left, rv_copy);
3340 SvREFCNT_dec_NN(tmpRef);
3348 const bool oldcatch = CATCH_GET;
3350 int gimme = force_scalar ? G_SCALAR : GIMME_V;
3353 Zero(&myop, 1, BINOP);
3354 myop.op_last = (OP *) &myop;
3355 myop.op_next = NULL;
3356 myop.op_flags = OPf_STACKED;
3360 myop.op_flags |= OPf_WANT_VOID;
3363 if (flags & AMGf_want_list) {
3364 myop.op_flags |= OPf_WANT_LIST;
3369 myop.op_flags |= OPf_WANT_SCALAR;
3373 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_OVERLOAD);
3376 PL_op = (OP *) &myop;
3377 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash)
3378 PL_op->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
3379 Perl_pp_pushmark(aTHX);
3381 EXTEND(SP, notfound + 5);
3382 PUSHs(lr>0? right: left);
3383 PUSHs(lr>0? left: right);
3384 PUSHs( lr > 0 ? &PL_sv_yes : ( assign ? &PL_sv_undef : &PL_sv_no ));
3386 PUSHs(newSVpvn_flags(AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),
3387 AMG_id2namelen(method + assignshift), SVs_TEMP));
3389 PUSHs(MUTABLE_SV(cv));
3393 if ((PL_op = PL_ppaddr[OP_ENTERSUB](aTHX)))
3397 nret = SP - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
3401 /* returning NULL has another meaning, and we check the context
3402 * at the call site too, so this can be differentiated from the
3405 SP = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
3408 if (flags & AMGf_want_list) {
3409 res = sv_2mortal((SV *)newAV());
3410 av_extend((AV *)res, nret);
3412 av_store((AV *)res, nret, POPs);
3424 CATCH_SET(oldcatch);
3431 ans=SvIV(res)<=0; break;
3434 ans=SvIV(res)<0; break;
3437 ans=SvIV(res)>=0; break;
3440 ans=SvIV(res)>0; break;
3443 ans=SvIV(res)==0; break;
3446 ans=SvIV(res)!=0; break;
3449 SvSetSV(left,res); return left;
3451 ans=!SvTRUE(res); break;
3456 } else if (method==copy_amg) {
3458 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Copy method did not return a reference");
3460 return SvREFCNT_inc(SvRV(res));
3468 Perl_gv_name_set(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *name, U32 len, U32 flags)
3473 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_NAME_SET;
3476 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: gv name too long (%"UVuf")", (UV) len);
3478 if (!(flags & GV_ADD) && GvNAME_HEK(gv)) {
3479 unshare_hek(GvNAME_HEK(gv));
3482 PERL_HASH(hash, name, len);
3483 GvNAME_HEK(gv) = share_hek(name, (flags & SVf_UTF8 ? -(I32)len : (I32)len), hash);
3487 =for apidoc gv_try_downgrade
3489 If the typeglob C<gv> can be expressed more succinctly, by having
3490 something other than a real GV in its place in the stash, replace it
3491 with the optimised form. Basic requirements for this are that C<gv>
3492 is a real typeglob, is sufficiently ordinary, and is only referenced
3493 from its package. This function is meant to be used when a GV has been
3494 looked up in part to see what was there, causing upgrading, but based
3495 on what was found it turns out that the real GV isn't required after all.
3497 If C<gv> is a completely empty typeglob, it is deleted from the stash.
3499 If C<gv> is a typeglob containing only a sufficiently-ordinary constant
3500 sub, the typeglob is replaced with a scalar-reference placeholder that
3501 more compactly represents the same thing.
3507 Perl_gv_try_downgrade(pTHX_ GV *gv)
3513 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_TRY_DOWNGRADE;
3515 /* XXX Why and where does this leave dangling pointers during global
3517 if (PL_phase == PERL_PHASE_DESTRUCT) return;
3519 if (!(SvREFCNT(gv) == 1 && SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV && !SvFAKE(gv) &&
3520 !SvOBJECT(gv) && !SvREADONLY(gv) &&
3521 isGV_with_GP(gv) && GvGP(gv) &&
3522 !GvINTRO(gv) && GvREFCNT(gv) == 1 &&
3523 !GvSV(gv) && !GvAV(gv) && !GvHV(gv) && !GvIOp(gv) && !GvFORM(gv) &&
3524 GvEGVx(gv) == gv && (stash = GvSTASH(gv))))
3526 if (gv == PL_statgv || gv == PL_last_in_gv || gv == PL_stderrgv)
3528 if (SvMAGICAL(gv)) {
3530 /* only backref magic is allowed */
3531 if (SvGMAGICAL(gv) || SvSMAGICAL(gv))
3533 for (mg = SvMAGIC(gv); mg; mg = mg->mg_moremagic) {
3534 if (mg->mg_type != PERL_MAGIC_backref)
3540 HEK *gvnhek = GvNAME_HEK(gv);
3541 (void)hv_deletehek(stash, gvnhek, G_DISCARD);
3542 } else if (GvMULTI(gv) && cv && SvREFCNT(cv) == 1 &&
3543 !SvOBJECT(cv) && !SvMAGICAL(cv) && !SvREADONLY(cv) &&
3544 CvSTASH(cv) == stash && !CvNAMED(cv) && CvGV(cv) == gv &&
3545 CvCONST(cv) && !CvMETHOD(cv) && !CvLVALUE(cv) && !CvUNIQUE(cv) &&
3546 !CvNODEBUG(cv) && !CvCLONE(cv) && !CvCLONED(cv) && !CvANON(cv) &&
3547 (namehek = GvNAME_HEK(gv)) &&
3548 (gvp = hv_fetchhek(stash, namehek, 0)) &&
3550 SV *value = SvREFCNT_inc(CvXSUBANY(cv).any_ptr);
3551 const bool imported = !!GvIMPORTED_CV(gv);
3555 SvFLAGS(gv) = SVt_IV|SVf_ROK|SVprv_PCS_IMPORTED * imported;
3557 /* See also: 'SET_SVANY_FOR_BODYLESS_IV' in sv.c */
3558 SvANY(gv) = (XPVGV*)((char*)&(gv->sv_u.svu_iv) -
3559 STRUCT_OFFSET(XPVIV, xiv_iv));
3560 SvRV_set(gv, value);
3565 Perl_gv_override(pTHX_ const char * const name, const STRLEN len)
3567 GV *gv = gv_fetchpvn(name, len, GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVCV);
3569 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_OVERRIDE;
3570 if (gv && GvCVu(gv) && GvIMPORTED_CV(gv)) return gv;
3571 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(PL_globalstash, name, len, FALSE);
3572 gv = gvp ? *gvp : NULL;
3573 if (gv && !isGV(gv)) {
3574 if (!SvPCS_IMPORTED(gv)) return NULL;
3575 gv_init(gv, PL_globalstash, name, len, 0);
3578 return gv && GvCVu(gv) && GvIMPORTED_CV(gv) ? gv : NULL;
3584 core_xsub(pTHX_ CV* cv)
3587 "&CORE::%s cannot be called directly", GvNAME(CvGV(cv))
3593 * c-indentation-style: bsd
3595 * indent-tabs-mode: nil
3598 * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 et: