3 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000,
4 * 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009 by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * 'Mercy!' cried Gandalf. 'If the giving of information is to be the cure
13 * of your inquisitiveness, I shall spend all the rest of my days in answering
14 * you. What more do you want to know?'
15 * 'The names of all the stars, and of all living things, and the whole
16 * history of Middle-earth and Over-heaven and of the Sundering Seas,'
19 * [p.599 of _The Lord of the Rings_, III/xi: "The PalantÃr"]
24 A GV is a structure which corresponds to to a Perl typeglob, ie *foo.
25 It is a structure that holds a pointer to a scalar, an array, a hash etc,
26 corresponding to $foo, @foo, %foo.
28 GVs are usually found as values in stashes (symbol table hashes) where
29 Perl stores its global variables.
41 static const char S_autoload[] = "AUTOLOAD";
42 static const STRLEN S_autolen = sizeof(S_autoload)-1;
45 Perl_gv_add_by_type(pTHX_ GV *gv, svtype type)
52 SvTYPE((const SV *)gv) != SVt_PVGV
53 && SvTYPE((const SV *)gv) != SVt_PVLV
57 if (type == SVt_PVIO) {
59 * if it walks like a dirhandle, then let's assume that
60 * this is a dirhandle.
62 what = OP_IS_DIRHOP(PL_op->op_type) ?
63 "dirhandle" : "filehandle";
64 } else if (type == SVt_PVHV) {
67 what = type == SVt_PVAV ? "array" : "scalar";
69 /* diag_listed_as: Bad symbol for filehandle */
70 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for %s", what);
73 if (type == SVt_PVHV) {
74 where = (SV **)&GvHV(gv);
75 } else if (type == SVt_PVAV) {
76 where = (SV **)&GvAV(gv);
77 } else if (type == SVt_PVIO) {
78 where = (SV **)&GvIOp(gv);
85 *where = newSV_type(type);
86 if (type == SVt_PVAV && GvNAMELEN(gv) == 3
87 && strnEQ(GvNAME(gv), "ISA", 3))
88 sv_magic(*where, (SV *)gv, PERL_MAGIC_isa, NULL, 0);
94 Perl_gv_fetchfile(pTHX_ const char *name)
96 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHFILE;
97 return gv_fetchfile_flags(name, strlen(name), 0);
101 Perl_gv_fetchfile_flags(pTHX_ const char *const name, const STRLEN namelen,
106 const STRLEN tmplen = namelen + 2;
109 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHFILE_FLAGS;
110 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
115 if (tmplen <= sizeof smallbuf)
118 Newx(tmpbuf, tmplen, char);
119 /* This is where the debugger's %{"::_<$filename"} hash is created */
122 memcpy(tmpbuf + 2, name, namelen);
123 gv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, TRUE);
125 gv_init(gv, PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, FALSE);
126 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
127 GvSV(gv) = newSVpvn(name, namelen);
129 sv_setpvn(GvSV(gv), name, namelen);
132 if ((PERLDB_LINE || PERLDB_SAVESRC) && !GvAV(gv))
133 hv_magic(GvHVn(gv), GvAVn(gv), PERL_MAGIC_dbfile);
134 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
140 =for apidoc gv_const_sv
142 If C<gv> is a typeglob whose subroutine entry is a constant sub eligible for
143 inlining, or C<gv> is a placeholder reference that would be promoted to such
144 a typeglob, then returns the value returned by the sub. Otherwise, returns
151 Perl_gv_const_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv)
153 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_CONST_SV;
156 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV)
157 return cv_const_sv(GvCVu(gv));
158 return SvROK(gv) && SvTYPE(SvRV(gv)) != SVt_PVAV ? SvRV(gv) : NULL;
162 Perl_newGP(pTHX_ GV *const gv)
173 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWGP;
175 gp->gp_egv = gv; /* allow compiler to reuse gv after this */
176 #ifndef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
177 gp->gp_sv = newSV(0);
180 /* PL_curcop may be null here. E.g.,
181 INIT { bless {} and exit }
182 frees INIT before looking up DESTROY (and creating *DESTROY)
185 gp->gp_line = CopLINE(PL_curcop); /* 0 otherwise Newxz */
187 if (CopFILE(PL_curcop)) {
188 file = CopFILE(PL_curcop);
192 filegv = CopFILEGV(PL_curcop);
194 file = GvNAME(filegv)+2;
195 len = GvNAMELEN(filegv)-2;
206 PERL_HASH(hash, file, len);
207 gp->gp_file_hek = share_hek(file, len, hash);
213 /* Assign CvGV(cv) = gv, handling weak references.
214 * See also S_anonymise_cv_maybe */
217 Perl_cvgv_set(pTHX_ CV* cv, GV* gv)
219 GV * const oldgv = CvNAMED(cv) ? NULL : SvANY(cv)->xcv_gv_u.xcv_gv;
221 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CVGV_SET;
228 SvREFCNT_dec_NN(oldgv);
232 sv_del_backref(MUTABLE_SV(oldgv), MUTABLE_SV(cv));
235 else if ((hek = CvNAME_HEK(cv))) {
241 SvANY(cv)->xcv_gv_u.xcv_gv = gv;
242 assert(!CvCVGV_RC(cv));
247 if (isGV_with_GP(gv) && GvGP(gv) && (GvCV(gv) == cv || GvFORM(gv) == cv))
248 Perl_sv_add_backref(aTHX_ MUTABLE_SV(gv), MUTABLE_SV(cv));
251 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN(gv);
255 /* Convert CvSTASH + CvNAME_HEK into a GV. Conceptually, all subs have a
256 GV, but for efficiency that GV may not in fact exist. This function,
257 called by CvGV, reifies it. */
260 Perl_cvgv_from_hek(pTHX_ CV *cv)
264 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CVGV_FROM_HEK;
265 assert(SvTYPE(cv) == SVt_PVCV);
266 if (!CvSTASH(cv)) return NULL;
267 ASSUME(CvNAME_HEK(cv));
268 svp = hv_fetchhek(CvSTASH(cv), CvNAME_HEK(cv), 0);
269 gv = MUTABLE_GV(svp && *svp ? *svp : newSV(0));
271 gv_init_pvn(gv, CvSTASH(cv), HEK_KEY(CvNAME_HEK(cv)),
272 HEK_LEN(CvNAME_HEK(cv)),
273 SVf_UTF8 * !!HEK_UTF8(CvNAME_HEK(cv)));
274 if (!CvNAMED(cv)) { /* gv_init took care of it */
275 assert (SvANY(cv)->xcv_gv_u.xcv_gv == gv);
278 unshare_hek(CvNAME_HEK(cv));
280 SvANY(cv)->xcv_gv_u.xcv_gv = gv;
281 if (svp && *svp) SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN(gv);
286 /* Assign CvSTASH(cv) = st, handling weak references. */
289 Perl_cvstash_set(pTHX_ CV *cv, HV *st)
291 HV *oldst = CvSTASH(cv);
292 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CVSTASH_SET;
296 sv_del_backref(MUTABLE_SV(oldst), MUTABLE_SV(cv));
297 SvANY(cv)->xcv_stash = st;
299 Perl_sv_add_backref(aTHX_ MUTABLE_SV(st), MUTABLE_SV(cv));
303 =for apidoc gv_init_pvn
305 Converts a scalar into a typeglob. This is an incoercible typeglob;
306 assigning a reference to it will assign to one of its slots, instead of
307 overwriting it as happens with typeglobs created by SvSetSV. Converting
308 any scalar that is SvOK() may produce unpredictable results and is reserved
309 for perl's internal use.
311 C<gv> is the scalar to be converted.
313 C<stash> is the parent stash/package, if any.
315 C<name> and C<len> give the name. The name must be unqualified;
316 that is, it must not include the package name. If C<gv> is a
317 stash element, it is the caller's responsibility to ensure that the name
318 passed to this function matches the name of the element. If it does not
319 match, perl's internal bookkeeping will get out of sync.
321 C<flags> can be set to SVf_UTF8 if C<name> is a UTF8 string, or
322 the return value of SvUTF8(sv). It can also take the
323 GV_ADDMULTI flag, which means to pretend that the GV has been
324 seen before (i.e., suppress "Used once" warnings).
328 The old form of gv_init_pvn(). It does not work with UTF8 strings, as it
329 has no flags parameter. If the C<multi> parameter is set, the
330 GV_ADDMULTI flag will be passed to gv_init_pvn().
332 =for apidoc gv_init_pv
334 Same as gv_init_pvn(), but takes a nul-terminated string for the name
335 instead of separate char * and length parameters.
337 =for apidoc gv_init_sv
339 Same as gv_init_pvn(), but takes an SV * for the name instead of separate
340 char * and length parameters. C<flags> is currently unused.
346 Perl_gv_init_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv, HV *stash, SV* namesv, U32 flags)
350 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_INIT_SV;
351 namepv = SvPV(namesv, namelen);
354 gv_init_pvn(gv, stash, namepv, namelen, flags);
358 Perl_gv_init_pv(pTHX_ GV *gv, HV *stash, const char *name, U32 flags)
360 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_INIT_PV;
361 gv_init_pvn(gv, stash, name, strlen(name), flags);
365 Perl_gv_init_pvn(pTHX_ GV *gv, HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, U32 flags)
367 const U32 old_type = SvTYPE(gv);
368 const bool doproto = old_type > SVt_NULL;
369 char * const proto = (doproto && SvPOK(gv))
370 ? ((void)(SvIsCOW(gv) && (sv_force_normal((SV *)gv), 0)), SvPVX(gv))
372 const STRLEN protolen = proto ? SvCUR(gv) : 0;
373 const U32 proto_utf8 = proto ? SvUTF8(gv) : 0;
374 SV *const has_constant = doproto && SvROK(gv) ? SvRV(gv) : NULL;
375 const U32 exported_constant = has_constant ? SvPCS_IMPORTED(gv) : 0;
377 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_INIT_PVN;
378 assert (!(proto && has_constant));
381 /* The constant has to be a scalar, array or subroutine. */
382 switch (SvTYPE(has_constant)) {
386 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Cannot convert a reference to %s to typeglob",
387 sv_reftype(has_constant, 0));
396 if (old_type < SVt_PVGV) {
397 if (old_type >= SVt_PV)
399 sv_upgrade(MUTABLE_SV(gv), SVt_PVGV);
407 Safefree(SvPVX_mutable(gv));
412 GvGP_set(gv, Perl_newGP(aTHX_ gv));
415 Perl_sv_add_backref(aTHX_ MUTABLE_SV(stash), MUTABLE_SV(gv));
416 gv_name_set(gv, name, len, GV_ADD | ( flags & SVf_UTF8 ? SVf_UTF8 : 0 ));
417 if (flags & GV_ADDMULTI || doproto) /* doproto means it */
418 GvMULTI_on(gv); /* _was_ mentioned */
419 if (has_constant && SvTYPE(has_constant) == SVt_PVCV) {
420 /* Not actually a constant. Just a regular sub. */
421 CV * const cv = (CV *)has_constant;
423 if (CvSTASH(cv) == stash && (
424 CvNAME_HEK(cv) == GvNAME_HEK(gv)
425 || ( HEK_LEN(CvNAME_HEK(cv)) == HEK_LEN(GvNAME_HEK(gv))
426 && HEK_FLAGS(CvNAME_HEK(cv)) != HEK_FLAGS(GvNAME_HEK(gv))
427 && HEK_UTF8(CvNAME_HEK(cv)) == HEK_UTF8(GvNAME_HEK(gv))
428 && memEQ(HEK_KEY(CvNAME_HEK(cv)), GvNAME(gv), GvNAMELEN(gv))
436 /* newCONSTSUB takes ownership of the reference from us. */
437 cv = newCONSTSUB_flags(stash, name, len, flags, has_constant);
438 /* In case op.c:S_process_special_blocks stole it: */
440 GvCV_set(gv, (CV *)SvREFCNT_inc_simple_NN(cv));
441 assert(GvCV(gv) == cv); /* newCONSTSUB should have set this */
442 /* If this reference was a copy of another, then the subroutine
443 must have been "imported", by a Perl space assignment to a GV
444 from a reference to CV. */
445 if (exported_constant)
446 GvIMPORTED_CV_on(gv);
447 CvSTASH_set(cv, PL_curstash); /* XXX Why is this needed? */
452 sv_usepvn_flags(MUTABLE_SV(cv), proto, protolen,
453 SV_HAS_TRAILING_NUL);
454 if ( proto_utf8 ) SvUTF8_on(MUTABLE_SV(cv));
460 S_gv_init_svtype(pTHX_ GV *gv, const svtype sv_type)
462 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_INIT_SVTYPE;
474 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
482 /* Work round what appears to be a bug in Sun C++ 5.8 2005/10/13
483 If we just cast GvSVn(gv) to void, it ignores evaluating it for
490 static void core_xsub(pTHX_ CV* cv);
493 S_maybe_add_coresub(pTHX_ HV * const stash, GV *gv,
494 const char * const name, const STRLEN len)
496 const int code = keyword(name, len, 1);
497 static const char file[] = __FILE__;
498 CV *cv, *oldcompcv = NULL;
500 bool ampable = TRUE; /* &{}-able */
501 COP *oldcurcop = NULL;
502 yy_parser *oldparser = NULL;
503 I32 oldsavestack_ix = 0;
508 if (!code) return NULL; /* Not a keyword */
509 switch (code < 0 ? -code : code) {
510 /* no support for \&CORE::infix;
511 no support for funcs that do not parse like funcs */
512 case KEY___DATA__: case KEY___END__: case KEY_and: case KEY_AUTOLOAD:
513 case KEY_BEGIN : case KEY_CHECK : case KEY_cmp:
514 case KEY_default : case KEY_DESTROY:
515 case KEY_do : case KEY_dump : case KEY_else : case KEY_elsif :
516 case KEY_END : case KEY_eq : case KEY_eval :
517 case KEY_for : case KEY_foreach: case KEY_format: case KEY_ge :
518 case KEY_given : case KEY_goto : case KEY_grep :
519 case KEY_gt : case KEY_if: case KEY_INIT: case KEY_last: case KEY_le:
520 case KEY_local: case KEY_lt: case KEY_m : case KEY_map : case KEY_my:
521 case KEY_ne : case KEY_next : case KEY_no: case KEY_or: case KEY_our:
522 case KEY_package: case KEY_print: case KEY_printf:
523 case KEY_q : case KEY_qq : case KEY_qr : case KEY_qw :
524 case KEY_qx : case KEY_redo : case KEY_require: case KEY_return:
525 case KEY_s : case KEY_say : case KEY_sort :
526 case KEY_state: case KEY_sub :
527 case KEY_tr : case KEY_UNITCHECK: case KEY_unless:
528 case KEY_until: case KEY_use : case KEY_when : case KEY_while :
529 case KEY_x : case KEY_xor : case KEY_y :
532 case KEY_chomp: case KEY_chop: case KEY_defined: case KEY_delete:
533 case KEY_each : case KEY_eof : case KEY_exec : case KEY_exists:
539 case KEY_splice: case KEY_split:
542 case KEY_truncate: case KEY_unlink:
549 gv_init(gv, stash, name, len, TRUE);
554 oldcurcop = PL_curcop;
555 oldparser = PL_parser;
556 lex_start(NULL, NULL, 0);
557 oldcompcv = PL_compcv;
558 PL_compcv = NULL; /* Prevent start_subparse from setting
560 oldsavestack_ix = start_subparse(FALSE,0);
564 /* Avoid calling newXS, as it calls us, and things start to
566 cv = MUTABLE_CV(newSV_type(SVt_PVCV));
570 CvXSUB(cv) = core_xsub;
573 CvGV_set(cv, gv); /* This stops new ATTRSUB from setting CvFILE
575 (void)gv_fetchfile(file);
576 CvFILE(cv) = (char *)file;
577 /* XXX This is inefficient, as doing things this order causes
578 a prototype check in newATTRSUB. But we have to do
579 it this order as we need an op number before calling
581 (void)core_prototype((SV *)cv, name, code, &opnum);
583 (void)hv_store(stash,name,len,(SV *)gv,0);
589 /* newATTRSUB will free the CV and return NULL if we're still
590 compiling after a syntax error */
591 if ((cv = newATTRSUB_x(
592 oldsavestack_ix, (OP *)gv,
597 : newSVpvn(name,len),
602 assert(GvCV(gv) == orig_cv);
603 if (opnum != OP_VEC && opnum != OP_SUBSTR && opnum != OP_POS
604 && opnum != OP_UNDEF)
605 CvLVALUE_off(cv); /* Now *that* was a neat trick. */
608 PL_parser = oldparser;
609 PL_curcop = oldcurcop;
610 PL_compcv = oldcompcv;
613 SV *opnumsv = opnum ? newSVuv((UV)opnum) : (SV *)NULL;
615 cv, Perl_ck_entersub_args_core, opnumsv ? opnumsv : (SV *)cv
617 SvREFCNT_dec(opnumsv);
624 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth
626 Like L</gv_fetchmeth_pvn>, but lacks a flags parameter.
628 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_sv
630 Exactly like L</gv_fetchmeth_pvn>, but takes the name string in the form
631 of an SV instead of a string/length pair.
637 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_sv(pTHX_ HV *stash, SV *namesv, I32 level, U32 flags)
641 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETH_SV;
642 namepv = SvPV(namesv, namelen);
645 return gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, namepv, namelen, level, flags);
649 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_pv
651 Exactly like L</gv_fetchmeth_pvn>, but takes a nul-terminated string
652 instead of a string/length pair.
658 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_pv(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, I32 level, U32 flags)
660 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETH_PV;
661 return gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, name, strlen(name), level, flags);
665 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_pvn
667 Returns the glob with the given C<name> and a defined subroutine or
668 C<NULL>. The glob lives in the given C<stash>, or in the stashes
669 accessible via @ISA and UNIVERSAL::.
671 The argument C<level> should be either 0 or -1. If C<level==0>, as a
672 side-effect creates a glob with the given C<name> in the given C<stash>
673 which in the case of success contains an alias for the subroutine, and sets
674 up caching info for this glob.
676 The only significant values for C<flags> are GV_SUPER and SVf_UTF8.
678 GV_SUPER indicates that we want to look up the method in the superclasses
682 GV returned from C<gv_fetchmeth> may be a method cache entry, which is not
683 visible to Perl code. So when calling C<call_sv>, you should not use
684 the GV directly; instead, you should use the method's CV, which can be
685 obtained from the GV with the C<GvCV> macro.
690 /* NOTE: No support for tied ISA */
693 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_pvn(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level, U32 flags)
699 HV* cstash, *cachestash;
700 GV* candidate = NULL;
704 I32 create = (level >= 0) ? 1 : 0;
707 U32 is_utf8 = flags & SVf_UTF8;
709 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETH_PVN;
711 /* UNIVERSAL methods should be callable without a stash */
713 create = 0; /* probably appropriate */
714 if(!(stash = gv_stashpvs("UNIVERSAL", 0)))
720 hvname = HvNAME_get(stash);
722 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use anonymous symbol table for method lookup");
727 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Looking for %smethod %s in package %s\n",
728 flags & GV_SUPER ? "SUPER " : "",name,hvname) );
730 topgen_cmp = HvMROMETA(stash)->cache_gen + PL_sub_generation;
732 if (flags & GV_SUPER) {
733 if (!HvAUX(stash)->xhv_mro_meta->super)
734 HvAUX(stash)->xhv_mro_meta->super = newHV();
735 cachestash = HvAUX(stash)->xhv_mro_meta->super;
737 else cachestash = stash;
739 /* check locally for a real method or a cache entry */
740 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(cachestash, name, is_utf8 ? -(I32)len : (I32)len,
746 if (SvTYPE(topgv) != SVt_PVGV)
747 gv_init_pvn(topgv, stash, name, len, GV_ADDMULTI|is_utf8);
748 if ((cand_cv = GvCV(topgv))) {
749 /* If genuine method or valid cache entry, use it */
750 if (!GvCVGEN(topgv) || GvCVGEN(topgv) == topgen_cmp) {
754 /* stale cache entry, junk it and move on */
755 SvREFCNT_dec_NN(cand_cv);
756 GvCV_set(topgv, NULL);
761 else if (GvCVGEN(topgv) == topgen_cmp) {
762 /* cache indicates no such method definitively */
765 else if (stash == cachestash
766 && len > 1 /* shortest is uc */ && HvNAMELEN_get(stash) == 4
767 && strnEQ(hvname, "CORE", 4)
768 && S_maybe_add_coresub(aTHX_ NULL,topgv,name,len))
772 linear_av = mro_get_linear_isa(stash); /* has ourselves at the top of the list */
773 linear_svp = AvARRAY(linear_av) + 1; /* skip over self */
774 items = AvFILLp(linear_av); /* no +1, to skip over self */
776 linear_sv = *linear_svp++;
778 cstash = gv_stashsv(linear_sv, 0);
781 Perl_ck_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SYNTAX),
782 "Can't locate package %"SVf" for @%"HEKf"::ISA",
784 HEKfARG(HvNAME_HEK(stash)));
790 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(cstash, name, is_utf8 ? -(I32)len : (I32)len, 0);
792 if (len > 1 && HvNAMELEN_get(cstash) == 4) {
793 const char *hvname = HvNAME(cstash); assert(hvname);
794 if (strnEQ(hvname, "CORE", 4)
796 S_maybe_add_coresub(aTHX_ cstash,NULL,name,len)
802 else candidate = *gvp;
805 if (SvTYPE(candidate) != SVt_PVGV)
806 gv_init_pvn(candidate, cstash, name, len, GV_ADDMULTI|is_utf8);
807 if (SvTYPE(candidate) == SVt_PVGV && (cand_cv = GvCV(candidate)) && !GvCVGEN(candidate)) {
809 * Found real method, cache method in topgv if:
810 * 1. topgv has no synonyms (else inheritance crosses wires)
811 * 2. method isn't a stub (else AUTOLOAD fails spectacularly)
813 if (topgv && (GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) && (CvROOT(cand_cv) || CvXSUB(cand_cv))) {
814 CV *old_cv = GvCV(topgv);
815 SvREFCNT_dec(old_cv);
816 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN(cand_cv);
817 GvCV_set(topgv, cand_cv);
818 GvCVGEN(topgv) = topgen_cmp;
824 /* Check UNIVERSAL without caching */
825 if(level == 0 || level == -1) {
826 candidate = gv_fetchmeth_pvn(NULL, name, len, 1, flags &~GV_SUPER);
828 cand_cv = GvCV(candidate);
829 if (topgv && (GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) && (CvROOT(cand_cv) || CvXSUB(cand_cv))) {
830 CV *old_cv = GvCV(topgv);
831 SvREFCNT_dec(old_cv);
832 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN(cand_cv);
833 GvCV_set(topgv, cand_cv);
834 GvCVGEN(topgv) = topgen_cmp;
840 if (topgv && GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) {
841 /* cache the fact that the method is not defined */
842 GvCVGEN(topgv) = topgen_cmp;
849 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_autoload
851 This is the old form of L</gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload>, which has no flags
854 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_sv_autoload
856 Exactly like L</gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload>, but takes the name string in the form
857 of an SV instead of a string/length pair.
863 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_sv_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, SV *namesv, I32 level, U32 flags)
867 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETH_SV_AUTOLOAD;
868 namepv = SvPV(namesv, namelen);
871 return gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload(stash, namepv, namelen, level, flags);
875 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_pv_autoload
877 Exactly like L</gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload>, but takes a nul-terminated string
878 instead of a string/length pair.
884 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_pv_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, I32 level, U32 flags)
886 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETH_PV_AUTOLOAD;
887 return gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload(stash, name, strlen(name), level, flags);
891 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload
893 Same as gv_fetchmeth_pvn(), but looks for autoloaded subroutines too.
894 Returns a glob for the subroutine.
896 For an autoloaded subroutine without a GV, will create a GV even
897 if C<level < 0>. For an autoloaded subroutine without a stub, GvCV()
898 of the result may be zero.
900 Currently, the only significant value for C<flags> is SVf_UTF8.
906 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level, U32 flags)
908 GV *gv = gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, name, len, level, flags);
910 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETH_PVN_AUTOLOAD;
917 return NULL; /* UNIVERSAL::AUTOLOAD could cause trouble */
918 if (len == S_autolen && memEQ(name, S_autoload, S_autolen))
920 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE, flags)))
923 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
925 /* Have an autoload */
926 if (level < 0) /* Cannot do without a stub */
927 gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, name, len, 0, flags);
928 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, name,
929 (flags & SVf_UTF8) ? -(I32)len : (I32)len, (level >= 0));
938 =for apidoc gv_fetchmethod_autoload
940 Returns the glob which contains the subroutine to call to invoke the method
941 on the C<stash>. In fact in the presence of autoloading this may be the
942 glob for "AUTOLOAD". In this case the corresponding variable $AUTOLOAD is
945 The third parameter of C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload> determines whether
946 AUTOLOAD lookup is performed if the given method is not present: non-zero
947 means yes, look for AUTOLOAD; zero means no, don't look for AUTOLOAD.
948 Calling C<gv_fetchmethod> is equivalent to calling C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload>
949 with a non-zero C<autoload> parameter.
951 These functions grant C<"SUPER"> token
952 as a prefix of the method name. Note
953 that if you want to keep the returned glob for a long time, you need to
954 check for it being "AUTOLOAD", since at the later time the call may load a
955 different subroutine due to $AUTOLOAD changing its value. Use the glob
956 created as a side effect to do this.
958 These functions have the same side-effects as C<gv_fetchmeth> with
959 C<level==0>. The warning against passing the GV returned by
960 C<gv_fetchmeth> to C<call_sv> applies equally to these functions.
966 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, I32 autoload)
968 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETHOD_AUTOLOAD;
970 return gv_fetchmethod_flags(stash, name, autoload ? GV_AUTOLOAD : 0);
974 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_sv_flags(pTHX_ HV *stash, SV *namesv, U32 flags)
978 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETHOD_SV_FLAGS;
979 namepv = SvPV(namesv, namelen);
982 return gv_fetchmethod_pvn_flags(stash, namepv, namelen, flags);
986 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_pv_flags(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, U32 flags)
988 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETHOD_PV_FLAGS;
989 return gv_fetchmethod_pvn_flags(stash, name, strlen(name), flags);
992 /* Don't merge this yet, as it's likely to get a len parameter, and possibly
995 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_pvn_flags(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, const STRLEN len, U32 flags)
998 const char *nsplit = NULL;
1001 const char * const origname = name;
1002 SV *const error_report = MUTABLE_SV(stash);
1003 const U32 autoload = flags & GV_AUTOLOAD;
1004 const U32 do_croak = flags & GV_CROAK;
1005 const U32 is_utf8 = flags & SVf_UTF8;
1007 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETHOD_PVN_FLAGS;
1009 if (SvTYPE(stash) < SVt_PVHV)
1012 /* The only way stash can become NULL later on is if nsplit is set,
1013 which in turn means that there is no need for a SVt_PVHV case
1014 the error reporting code. */
1017 for (nend = name; *nend || nend != (origname + len); nend++) {
1018 if (*nend == '\'') {
1022 else if (*nend == ':' && *(nend + 1) == ':') {
1028 if ((nsplit - origname) == 5 && memEQ(origname, "SUPER", 5)) {
1029 /* ->SUPER::method should really be looked up in original stash */
1030 stash = CopSTASH(PL_curcop);
1032 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Treating %s as %s::%s\n",
1033 origname, HvENAME_get(stash), name) );
1035 else if ((nsplit - origname) >= 7 &&
1036 strnEQ(nsplit - 7, "::SUPER", 7)) {
1037 /* don't autovifify if ->NoSuchStash::SUPER::method */
1038 stash = gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname - 7, is_utf8);
1039 if (stash) flags |= GV_SUPER;
1042 /* don't autovifify if ->NoSuchStash::method */
1043 stash = gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname, is_utf8);
1048 gv = gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, name, nend - name, 0, flags);
1050 if (strEQ(name,"import") || strEQ(name,"unimport"))
1051 gv = MUTABLE_GV(&PL_sv_yes);
1053 gv = gv_autoload_pvn(
1054 ostash, name, nend - name, GV_AUTOLOAD_ISMETHOD|flags
1056 if (!gv && do_croak) {
1057 /* Right now this is exclusively for the benefit of S_method_common
1060 /* If we can't find an IO::File method, it might be a call on
1061 * a filehandle. If IO:File has not been loaded, try to
1062 * require it first instead of croaking */
1063 const char *stash_name = HvNAME_get(stash);
1064 if (stash_name && memEQs(stash_name, HvNAMELEN_get(stash), "IO::File")
1065 && !Perl_hv_common(aTHX_ GvHVn(PL_incgv), NULL,
1066 STR_WITH_LEN("IO/File.pm"), 0,
1067 HV_FETCH_ISEXISTS, NULL, 0)
1069 require_pv("IO/File.pm");
1070 gv = gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, name, nend - name, 0, flags);
1075 "Can't locate object method \"%"UTF8f
1076 "\" via package \"%"HEKf"\"",
1077 UTF8fARG(is_utf8, nend - name, name),
1078 HEKfARG(HvNAME_HEK(stash)));
1084 packnamesv = newSVpvn_flags(origname, nsplit - origname,
1085 SVs_TEMP | is_utf8);
1087 packnamesv = error_report;
1091 "Can't locate object method \"%"UTF8f
1092 "\" via package \"%"SVf"\""
1093 " (perhaps you forgot to load \"%"SVf"\"?)",
1094 UTF8fARG(is_utf8, nend - name, name),
1095 SVfARG(packnamesv), SVfARG(packnamesv));
1099 else if (autoload) {
1100 CV* const cv = GvCV(gv);
1101 if (!CvROOT(cv) && !CvXSUB(cv)) {
1105 if (CvANON(cv) || CvLEXICAL(cv))
1109 if (GvCV(stubgv) != cv) /* orphaned import */
1112 autogv = gv_autoload_pvn(GvSTASH(stubgv),
1113 GvNAME(stubgv), GvNAMELEN(stubgv),
1114 GV_AUTOLOAD_ISMETHOD
1115 | (GvNAMEUTF8(stubgv) ? SVf_UTF8 : 0));
1125 Perl_gv_autoload_sv(pTHX_ HV *stash, SV* namesv, U32 flags)
1129 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_AUTOLOAD_SV;
1130 namepv = SvPV(namesv, namelen);
1133 return gv_autoload_pvn(stash, namepv, namelen, flags);
1137 Perl_gv_autoload_pv(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *namepv, U32 flags)
1139 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_AUTOLOAD_PV;
1140 return gv_autoload_pvn(stash, namepv, strlen(namepv), flags);
1144 Perl_gv_autoload_pvn(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, U32 flags)
1151 SV *packname = NULL;
1152 U32 is_utf8 = flags & SVf_UTF8 ? SVf_UTF8 : 0;
1154 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_AUTOLOAD_PVN;
1156 if (len == S_autolen && memEQ(name, S_autoload, S_autolen))
1159 if (SvTYPE(stash) < SVt_PVHV) {
1160 STRLEN packname_len = 0;
1161 const char * const packname_ptr = SvPV_const(MUTABLE_SV(stash), packname_len);
1162 packname = newSVpvn_flags(packname_ptr, packname_len,
1163 SVs_TEMP | SvUTF8(stash));
1167 packname = sv_2mortal(newSVhek(HvNAME_HEK(stash)));
1168 if (flags & GV_SUPER) sv_catpvs(packname, "::SUPER");
1170 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE,
1171 is_utf8 | (flags & GV_SUPER))))
1175 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
1179 * Inheriting AUTOLOAD for non-methods works ... for now.
1182 !(flags & GV_AUTOLOAD_ISMETHOD)
1183 && (GvCVGEN(gv) || GvSTASH(gv) != stash)
1185 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEPRECATED),
1186 "Use of inherited AUTOLOAD for non-method %"SVf
1187 "::%"UTF8f"() is deprecated",
1189 UTF8fARG(is_utf8, len, name));
1192 /* Instead of forcing the XSUB do another lookup for $AUTOLOAD
1193 * and split that value on the last '::', pass along the same data
1194 * via the SvPVX field in the CV, and the stash in CvSTASH.
1196 * Due to an unfortunate accident of history, the SvPVX field
1197 * serves two purposes. It is also used for the subroutine's pro-
1198 * type. Since SvPVX has been documented as returning the sub name
1199 * for a long time, but not as returning the prototype, we have
1200 * to preserve the SvPVX AUTOLOAD behaviour and put the prototype
1203 * We put the prototype in the same allocated buffer, but after
1204 * the sub name. The SvPOK flag indicates the presence of a proto-
1205 * type. The CvAUTOLOAD flag indicates the presence of a sub name.
1206 * If both flags are on, then SvLEN is used to indicate the end of
1207 * the prototype (artificially lower than what is actually allo-
1208 * cated), at the risk of having to reallocate a few bytes unneces-
1209 * sarily--but that should happen very rarely, if ever.
1211 * We use SvUTF8 for both prototypes and sub names, so if one is
1212 * UTF8, the other must be upgraded.
1214 CvSTASH_set(cv, stash);
1215 if (SvPOK(cv)) { /* Ouch! */
1216 SV * const tmpsv = newSVpvn_flags(name, len, is_utf8);
1218 const char *proto = CvPROTO(cv);
1221 sv_utf8_upgrade_flags_grow(tmpsv, 0, CvPROTOLEN(cv) + 2);
1222 ulen = SvCUR(tmpsv);
1223 SvCUR(tmpsv)++; /* include null in string */
1225 tmpsv, proto, CvPROTOLEN(cv), SV_CATBYTES*!SvUTF8(cv)
1227 SvTEMP_on(tmpsv); /* Allow theft */
1228 sv_setsv_nomg((SV *)cv, tmpsv);
1230 SvREFCNT_dec_NN(tmpsv);
1231 SvLEN(cv) = SvCUR(cv) + 1;
1235 sv_setpvn((SV *)cv, name, len);
1239 else SvUTF8_off(cv);
1245 * Given &FOO::AUTOLOAD, set $FOO::AUTOLOAD to desired function name.
1246 * The subroutine's original name may not be "AUTOLOAD", so we don't
1247 * use that, but for lack of anything better we will use the sub's
1248 * original package to look up $AUTOLOAD.
1250 varstash = CvNAMED(cv) ? CvSTASH(cv) : GvSTASH(CvGV(cv));
1251 vargv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(varstash, S_autoload, S_autolen, TRUE);
1255 gv_init_pvn(vargv, varstash, S_autoload, S_autolen, 0);
1256 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
1257 GvSV(vargv) = newSV(0);
1261 varsv = GvSVn(vargv);
1262 SvTAINTED_off(varsv); /* previous $AUTOLOAD taint is obsolete */
1263 /* XXX: this process is not careful to avoid extra magic gets and sets; tied $AUTOLOAD will get noise */
1264 sv_setsv(varsv, packname);
1265 sv_catpvs(varsv, "::");
1266 /* Ensure SvSETMAGIC() is called if necessary. In particular, to clear
1267 tainting if $FOO::AUTOLOAD was previously tainted, but is not now. */
1270 SV_SMAGIC|(is_utf8 ? SV_CATUTF8 : SV_CATBYTES)
1278 /* require_tie_mod() internal routine for requiring a module
1279 * that implements the logic of automatic ties like %! and %-
1281 * The "gv" parameter should be the glob.
1282 * "varpv" holds the name of the var, used for error messages.
1283 * "namesv" holds the module name. Its refcount will be decremented.
1284 * "methpv" holds the method name to test for to check that things
1285 * are working reasonably close to as expected.
1286 * "flags": if flag & 1 then save the scalar before loading.
1287 * For the protection of $! to work (it is set by this routine)
1288 * the sv slot must already be magicalized.
1291 S_require_tie_mod(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *varpv, SV* namesv, const char *methpv,const U32 flags)
1293 HV* stash = gv_stashsv(namesv, 0);
1295 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_REQUIRE_TIE_MOD;
1297 if (!stash || !(gv_fetchmethod_autoload(stash, methpv, FALSE))) {
1298 SV *module = newSVsv(namesv);
1299 char varname = *varpv; /* varpv might be clobbered by load_module,
1300 so save it. For the moment it's always
1302 const char type = varname == '[' ? '$' : '%';
1310 Perl_load_module(aTHX_ PERL_LOADMOD_NOIMPORT, module, NULL);
1311 assert(sp == PL_stack_sp);
1312 stash = gv_stashsv(namesv, 0);
1314 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: Can't use %c%c because %"SVf" is not available",
1315 type, varname, SVfARG(namesv));
1316 else if (!gv_fetchmethod(stash, methpv))
1317 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: Can't use %c%c because %"SVf" does not support method %s",
1318 type, varname, SVfARG(namesv), methpv);
1321 else SvREFCNT_dec_NN(namesv);
1326 =for apidoc gv_stashpv
1328 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. Uses C<strlen> to
1329 determine the length of C<name>, then calls C<gv_stashpvn()>.
1335 Perl_gv_stashpv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
1337 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_STASHPV;
1338 return gv_stashpvn(name, strlen(name), create);
1342 =for apidoc gv_stashpvn
1344 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. The C<namelen>
1345 parameter indicates the length of the C<name>, in bytes. C<flags> is passed
1346 to C<gv_fetchpvn_flags()>, so if set to C<GV_ADD> then the package will be
1347 created if it does not already exist. If the package does not exist and
1348 C<flags> is 0 (or any other setting that does not create packages) then NULL
1351 Flags may be one of:
1360 The most important of which are probably GV_ADD and SVf_UTF8.
1362 Note, use of C<gv_stashsv> instead of C<gv_stashpvn> where possible is strongly
1363 recommended for performance reasons.
1369 gv_stashpvn_internal
1371 Perform the internal bits of gv_stashsvpvn_cached. You could think of this
1372 as being one half of the logic. Not to be called except from gv_stashsvpvn_cached().
1376 PERL_STATIC_INLINE HV*
1377 S_gv_stashpvn_internal(pTHX_ const char *name, U32 namelen, I32 flags)
1383 U32 tmplen = namelen + 2;
1385 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_STASHPVN_INTERNAL;
1387 if (tmplen <= sizeof smallbuf)
1390 Newx(tmpbuf, tmplen, char);
1391 Copy(name, tmpbuf, namelen, char);
1392 tmpbuf[namelen] = ':';
1393 tmpbuf[namelen+1] = ':';
1394 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvn_flags(tmpbuf, tmplen, flags, SVt_PVHV);
1395 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
1399 stash = GvHV(tmpgv);
1400 if (!(flags & ~GV_NOADD_MASK) && !stash) return NULL;
1402 if (!HvNAME_get(stash)) {
1403 hv_name_set(stash, name, namelen, flags & SVf_UTF8 ? SVf_UTF8 : 0 );
1405 /* FIXME: This is a repeat of logic in gv_fetchpvn_flags */
1406 /* If the containing stash has multiple effective
1407 names, see that this one gets them, too. */
1408 if (HvAUX(GvSTASH(tmpgv))->xhv_name_count)
1409 mro_package_moved(stash, NULL, tmpgv, 1);
1415 gv_stashsvpvn_cached
1417 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package, possibly
1418 cached. Implements both C<gv_stashpvn> and C<gc_stashsv>.
1420 Requires one of either namesv or namepv to be non-null.
1422 See C<gv_stashpvn> for details on "flags".
1424 Note the sv interface is strongly preferred for performance reasons.
1428 #define PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_STASHSVPVN_CACHED \
1429 assert(namesv || name)
1431 PERL_STATIC_INLINE HV*
1432 S_gv_stashsvpvn_cached(pTHX_ SV *namesv, const char *name, U32 namelen, I32 flags)
1437 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_STASHSVPVN_CACHED;
1439 he = (HE *)hv_common(
1440 PL_stashcache, namesv, name, namelen,
1441 (flags & SVf_UTF8) ? HVhek_UTF8 : 0, 0, NULL, 0
1444 if (he) return INT2PTR(HV*,SvIVX(HeVAL(he)));
1445 else if (flags & GV_CACHE_ONLY) return NULL;
1448 if (SvOK(namesv)) { /* prevent double uninit warning */
1450 name = SvPV_const(namesv, len);
1452 flags |= SvUTF8(namesv);
1454 name = ""; namelen = 0;
1457 stash = gv_stashpvn_internal(name, namelen, flags);
1459 if (stash && namelen) {
1460 SV* const ref = newSViv(PTR2IV(stash));
1461 (void)hv_store(PL_stashcache, name,
1462 (flags & SVf_UTF8) ? -(I32)namelen : (I32)namelen, ref, 0);
1469 Perl_gv_stashpvn(pTHX_ const char *name, U32 namelen, I32 flags)
1471 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_STASHPVN;
1472 return gv_stashsvpvn_cached(NULL, name, namelen, flags);
1476 =for apidoc gv_stashsv
1478 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. See C<gv_stashpvn>.
1480 Note this interface is strongly preferred over C<gv_stashpvn> for performance reasons.
1486 Perl_gv_stashsv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
1488 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_STASHSV;
1489 return gv_stashsvpvn_cached(sv, NULL, 0, flags);
1494 Perl_gv_fetchpv(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, I32 add, const svtype sv_type) {
1495 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHPV;
1496 return gv_fetchpvn_flags(nambeg, strlen(nambeg), add, sv_type);
1500 Perl_gv_fetchsv(pTHX_ SV *name, I32 flags, const svtype sv_type) {
1502 const char * const nambeg =
1503 SvPV_flags_const(name, len, flags & GV_NO_SVGMAGIC ? 0 : SV_GMAGIC);
1504 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHSV;
1505 return gv_fetchpvn_flags(nambeg, len, flags | SvUTF8(name), sv_type);
1508 PERL_STATIC_INLINE void
1509 S_gv_magicalize_isa(pTHX_ GV *gv)
1513 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_MAGICALIZE_ISA;
1517 sv_magic(MUTABLE_SV(av), MUTABLE_SV(gv), PERL_MAGIC_isa,
1521 /* This function grabs name and tries to split a stash and glob
1522 * from its contents. TODO better description, comments
1524 * If the function returns TRUE and 'name == name_end', then
1525 * 'gv' can be directly returned to the caller of gv_fetchpvn_flags
1527 PERL_STATIC_INLINE bool
1528 S_parse_gv_stash_name(pTHX_ HV **stash, GV **gv, const char **name,
1529 STRLEN *len, const char *nambeg, STRLEN full_len,
1530 const U32 is_utf8, const I32 add)
1532 const char *name_cursor;
1533 const char *const name_end = nambeg + full_len;
1534 const char *const name_em1 = name_end - 1;
1536 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_PARSE_GV_STASH_NAME;
1538 if (full_len > 2 && **name == '*' && isIDFIRST_lazy_if(*name + 1, is_utf8)) {
1539 /* accidental stringify on a GV? */
1543 for (name_cursor = *name; name_cursor < name_end; name_cursor++) {
1544 if (name_cursor < name_em1 &&
1545 ((*name_cursor == ':' && name_cursor[1] == ':')
1546 || *name_cursor == '\''))
1549 *stash = PL_defstash;
1550 if (!*stash || !SvREFCNT(*stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
1553 *len = name_cursor - *name;
1554 if (name_cursor > nambeg) { /* Skip for initial :: or ' */
1557 if (*name_cursor == ':') {
1563 Newx(tmpbuf, *len+2, char);
1564 Copy(*name, tmpbuf, *len, char);
1565 tmpbuf[(*len)++] = ':';
1566 tmpbuf[(*len)++] = ':';
1569 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(*stash, key, is_utf8 ? -((I32)*len) : (I32)*len, add);
1570 *gv = gvp ? *gvp : NULL;
1571 if (*gv && *gv != (const GV *)&PL_sv_undef) {
1572 if (SvTYPE(*gv) != SVt_PVGV)
1573 gv_init_pvn(*gv, *stash, key, *len, (add & GV_ADDMULTI)|is_utf8);
1579 if (!*gv || *gv == (const GV *)&PL_sv_undef)
1582 if (!(*stash = GvHV(*gv))) {
1583 *stash = GvHV(*gv) = newHV();
1584 if (!HvNAME_get(*stash)) {
1585 if (GvSTASH(*gv) == PL_defstash && *len == 6
1586 && strnEQ(*name, "CORE", 4))
1587 hv_name_set(*stash, "CORE", 4, 0);
1590 *stash, nambeg, name_cursor-nambeg, is_utf8
1592 /* If the containing stash has multiple effective
1593 names, see that this one gets them, too. */
1594 if (HvAUX(GvSTASH(*gv))->xhv_name_count)
1595 mro_package_moved(*stash, NULL, *gv, 1);
1598 else if (!HvNAME_get(*stash))
1599 hv_name_set(*stash, nambeg, name_cursor - nambeg, is_utf8);
1602 if (*name_cursor == ':')
1604 *name = name_cursor+1;
1605 if (*name == name_end) {
1607 *gv = MUTABLE_GV(*hv_fetchs(PL_defstash, "main::", TRUE));
1612 *len = name_cursor - *name;
1616 /* Checks if an unqualified name is in the main stash */
1617 PERL_STATIC_INLINE bool
1618 S_gv_is_in_main(pTHX_ const char *name, STRLEN len, const U32 is_utf8)
1620 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_IS_IN_MAIN;
1622 /* If it's an alphanumeric variable */
1623 if ( len && isIDFIRST_lazy_if(name, is_utf8) ) {
1624 /* Some "normal" variables are always in main::,
1625 * like INC or STDOUT.
1633 if ((name[0] == 'I' && name[1] == 'N' && name[2] == 'C')
1634 || (name[0] == 'E' && name[1] == 'N' && name[2] == 'V')
1635 || (name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'I' && name[2] == 'G'))
1639 if (name[0] == 'A' && name[1] == 'R' && name[2] == 'G'
1644 if (name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'T' && name[2] == 'D'
1645 && name[3] == 'I' && name[4] == 'N')
1649 if ((name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'T' && name[2] == 'D')
1650 &&((name[3] == 'O' && name[4] == 'U' && name[5] == 'T')
1651 ||(name[3] == 'E' && name[4] == 'R' && name[5] == 'R')))
1655 if (name[0] == 'A' && name[1] == 'R' && name[2] == 'G'
1656 && name[3] == 'V' && name[4] == 'O' && name[5] == 'U'
1662 /* *{""}, or a special variable like $@ */
1670 /* This function is called if parse_gv_stash_name() failed to
1671 * find a stash, or if GV_NOTQUAL or an empty name was passed
1672 * to gv_fetchpvn_flags.
1674 * It returns FALSE if the default stash can't be found nor created,
1675 * which might happen during global destruction.
1677 PERL_STATIC_INLINE bool
1678 S_find_default_stash(pTHX_ HV **stash, const char *name, STRLEN len,
1679 const U32 is_utf8, const I32 add,
1680 const svtype sv_type)
1682 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_FIND_DEFAULT_STASH;
1684 /* No stash in name, so see how we can default */
1686 if ( gv_is_in_main(name, len, is_utf8) ) {
1687 *stash = PL_defstash;
1690 if (IN_PERL_COMPILETIME) {
1691 *stash = PL_curstash;
1692 if (add && (PL_hints & HINT_STRICT_VARS) &&
1693 sv_type != SVt_PVCV &&
1694 sv_type != SVt_PVGV &&
1695 sv_type != SVt_PVFM &&
1696 sv_type != SVt_PVIO &&
1697 !(len == 1 && sv_type == SVt_PV &&
1698 (*name == 'a' || *name == 'b')) )
1700 GV**gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(*stash,name,is_utf8 ? -(I32)len : (I32)len,0);
1701 if (!gvp || *gvp == (const GV *)&PL_sv_undef ||
1702 SvTYPE(*gvp) != SVt_PVGV)
1706 else if ((sv_type == SVt_PV && !GvIMPORTED_SV(*gvp)) ||
1707 (sv_type == SVt_PVAV && !GvIMPORTED_AV(*gvp)) ||
1708 (sv_type == SVt_PVHV && !GvIMPORTED_HV(*gvp)) )
1710 /* diag_listed_as: Variable "%s" is not imported%s */
1712 aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_MISC),
1713 "Variable \"%c%"UTF8f"\" is not imported",
1714 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? '@' :
1715 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? '%' : '$',
1716 UTF8fARG(is_utf8, len, name));
1719 aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_MISC),
1720 "\t(Did you mean &%"UTF8f" instead?)\n",
1721 UTF8fARG(is_utf8, len, name)
1728 /* Use the current op's stash */
1729 *stash = CopSTASH(PL_curcop);
1734 if (add && !PL_in_clean_all) {
1736 qerror(Perl_mess(aTHX_
1737 "Global symbol \"%s%"UTF8f
1738 "\" requires explicit package name (did you forget to "
1739 "declare \"my %s%"UTF8f"\"?)",
1740 (sv_type == SVt_PV ? "$"
1741 : sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? "@"
1742 : sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? "%"
1743 : ""), UTF8fARG(is_utf8, len, name),
1744 (sv_type == SVt_PV ? "$"
1745 : sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? "@"
1746 : sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? "%"
1747 : ""), UTF8fARG(is_utf8, len, name)));
1748 /* To maintain the output of errors after the strict exception
1749 * above, and to keep compat with older releases, rather than
1750 * placing the variables in the pad, we place
1751 * them in the <none>:: stash.
1753 gv = gv_fetchpvs("<none>::", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV);
1755 /* symbol table under destruction */
1764 if (!SvREFCNT(*stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
1770 /* gv_magicalize only turns on the SVf_READONLY flag, not SVf_PROTECT. So
1771 redefine SvREADONLY_on for that purpose. We don’t use it later on in
1773 #undef SvREADONLY_on
1774 #define SvREADONLY_on(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) |= SVf_READONLY)
1776 /* gv_magicalize() is called by gv_fetchpvn_flags when creating
1778 * Note that it does not insert the GV into the stash prior to
1779 * magicalization, which some variables require need in order
1780 * to work (like $[, %+, %-, %!), so callers must take care of
1783 * The return value has a specific meaning for gv_fetchpvn_flags:
1784 * If it returns true, and the gv is empty, it indicates that its
1785 * refcount should be decreased.
1787 PERL_STATIC_INLINE bool
1788 S_gv_magicalize(pTHX_ GV *gv, HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len,
1789 bool addmg, const svtype sv_type)
1793 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_MAGICALIZE;
1795 if (stash != PL_defstash) { /* not the main stash */
1796 /* We only have to check for a few names here: a, b, EXPORT, ISA
1797 and VERSION. All the others apply only to the main stash or to
1798 CORE (which is checked right after this). */
1800 const char * const name2 = name + 1;
1803 if (strnEQ(name2, "XPORT", 5))
1807 if (strEQ(name2, "SA"))
1808 gv_magicalize_isa(gv);
1811 if (strEQ(name2, "ERSION"))
1816 if (len == 1 && sv_type == SVt_PV)
1825 if (len > 1 /* shortest is uc */ && HvNAMELEN_get(stash) == 4) {
1826 /* Avoid null warning: */
1827 const char * const stashname = HvNAME(stash); assert(stashname);
1828 if (strnEQ(stashname, "CORE", 4))
1829 S_maybe_add_coresub(aTHX_ 0, gv, name, len);
1836 /* Nothing else to do.
1837 The compiler will probably turn the switch statement into a
1838 branch table. Make sure we avoid even that small overhead for
1839 the common case of lower case variable names. (On EBCDIC
1840 platforms, we can't just do:
1841 if (NATIVE_TO_ASCII(*name) > NATIVE_TO_ASCII('V') ) {
1842 because cases like '\027' in the switch statement below are
1843 C1 (non-ASCII) controls on those platforms, so the remapping
1844 would make them larger than 'V')
1849 const char * const name2 = name + 1;
1852 if (strEQ(name2, "RGV")) {
1853 IoFLAGS(GvIOn(gv)) |= IOf_ARGV|IOf_START;
1855 else if (strEQ(name2, "RGVOUT")) {
1860 if (strnEQ(name2, "XPORT", 5))
1864 if (strEQ(name2, "SA")) {
1865 gv_magicalize_isa(gv);
1869 if (strEQ(name2, "IG")) {
1872 if (!PL_psig_name) {
1873 Newxz(PL_psig_name, 2 * SIG_SIZE, SV*);
1874 Newxz(PL_psig_pend, SIG_SIZE, int);
1875 PL_psig_ptr = PL_psig_name + SIG_SIZE;
1877 /* I think that the only way to get here is to re-use an
1878 embedded perl interpreter, where the previous
1879 use didn't clean up fully because
1880 PL_perl_destruct_level was 0. I'm not sure that we
1881 "support" that, in that I suspect in that scenario
1882 there are sufficient other garbage values left in the
1883 interpreter structure that something else will crash
1884 before we get here. I suspect that this is one of
1885 those "doctor, it hurts when I do this" bugs. */
1886 Zero(PL_psig_name, 2 * SIG_SIZE, SV*);
1887 Zero(PL_psig_pend, SIG_SIZE, int);
1891 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_sig);
1892 for (i = 1; i < SIG_SIZE; i++) {
1893 SV * const * const init = hv_fetch(hv, PL_sig_name[i], strlen(PL_sig_name[i]), 1);
1895 sv_setsv(*init, &PL_sv_undef);
1900 if (strEQ(name2, "ERSION"))
1903 case '\003': /* $^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE */
1904 if (strEQ(name2, "HILD_ERROR_NATIVE"))
1907 case '\005': /* $^ENCODING */
1908 if (strEQ(name2, "NCODING"))
1911 case '\007': /* $^GLOBAL_PHASE */
1912 if (strEQ(name2, "LOBAL_PHASE"))
1915 case '\014': /* $^LAST_FH */
1916 if (strEQ(name2, "AST_FH"))
1919 case '\015': /* $^MATCH */
1920 if (strEQ(name2, "ATCH")) {
1921 paren = RX_BUFF_IDX_CARET_FULLMATCH;
1925 case '\017': /* $^OPEN */
1926 if (strEQ(name2, "PEN"))
1929 case '\020': /* $^PREMATCH $^POSTMATCH */
1930 if (strEQ(name2, "REMATCH")) {
1931 paren = RX_BUFF_IDX_CARET_PREMATCH;
1934 if (strEQ(name2, "OSTMATCH")) {
1935 paren = RX_BUFF_IDX_CARET_POSTMATCH;
1939 case '\024': /* ${^TAINT} */
1940 if (strEQ(name2, "AINT"))
1943 case '\025': /* ${^UNICODE}, ${^UTF8LOCALE} */
1944 if (strEQ(name2, "NICODE"))
1946 if (strEQ(name2, "TF8LOCALE"))
1948 if (strEQ(name2, "TF8CACHE"))
1951 case '\027': /* $^WARNING_BITS */
1952 if (strEQ(name2, "ARNING_BITS"))
1965 /* Ensures that we have an all-digit variable, ${"1foo"} fails
1967 /* This snippet is taken from is_gv_magical */
1968 const char *end = name + len;
1969 while (--end > name) {
1973 paren = grok_atou(name, NULL);
1979 /* Names of length 1. (Or 0. But name is NUL terminated, so that will
1980 be case '\0' in this switch statement (ie a default case) */
1983 paren = RX_BUFF_IDX_FULLMATCH;
1986 paren = RX_BUFF_IDX_PREMATCH;
1989 paren = RX_BUFF_IDX_POSTMATCH;
1991 #ifdef PERL_SAWAMPERSAND
1993 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ||
1994 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ||
1995 sv_type == SVt_PVCV ||
1996 sv_type == SVt_PVFM ||
1998 )) { PL_sawampersand |=
2002 ? SAWAMPERSAND_MIDDLE
2003 : SAWAMPERSAND_RIGHT;
2016 paren = *name - '0';
2019 /* Flag the capture variables with a NULL mg_ptr
2020 Use mg_len for the array index to lookup. */
2021 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), MUTABLE_SV(gv), PERL_MAGIC_sv, NULL, paren);
2025 sv_setpv(GvSVn(gv),PL_chopset);
2029 #ifdef COMPLEX_STATUS
2030 SvUPGRADE(GvSVn(gv), SVt_PVLV);
2036 /* If %! has been used, automatically load Errno.pm. */
2038 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), MUTABLE_SV(gv), PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
2040 /* magicalization must be done before require_tie_mod is called */
2041 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV)
2043 require_tie_mod(gv, "!", newSVpvs("Errno"), "TIEHASH", 1);
2050 GvMULTI_on(gv); /* no used once warnings here */
2052 AV* const av = GvAVn(gv);
2053 SV* const avc = (*name == '+') ? MUTABLE_SV(av) : NULL;
2055 sv_magic(MUTABLE_SV(av), avc, PERL_MAGIC_regdata, NULL, 0);
2056 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), MUTABLE_SV(gv), PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
2058 SvREADONLY_on(GvSVn(gv));
2061 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV)
2063 require_tie_mod(gv, name, newSVpvs("Tie::Hash::NamedCapture"), "TIEHASH", 0);
2071 if (sv_type == SVt_PV)
2072 /* diag_listed_as: $* is no longer supported */
2073 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
2074 "$%c is no longer supported", *name);
2076 case '\010': /* $^H */
2078 HV *const hv = GvHVn(gv);
2079 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_hints);
2083 if ((sv_type == SVt_PV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV)
2084 && FEATURE_ARYBASE_IS_ENABLED) {
2085 require_tie_mod(gv,name,newSVpvs("arybase"),"FETCH",0);
2088 else goto magicalize;
2090 case '\023': /* $^S */
2092 SvREADONLY_on(GvSVn(gv));
2108 case '\001': /* $^A */
2109 case '\003': /* $^C */
2110 case '\004': /* $^D */
2111 case '\005': /* $^E */
2112 case '\006': /* $^F */
2113 case '\011': /* $^I, NOT \t in EBCDIC */
2114 case '\016': /* $^N */
2115 case '\017': /* $^O */
2116 case '\020': /* $^P */
2117 case '\024': /* $^T */
2118 case '\027': /* $^W */
2120 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), MUTABLE_SV(gv), PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
2123 case '\014': /* $^L */
2124 sv_setpvs(GvSVn(gv),"\f");
2127 sv_setpvs(GvSVn(gv),"\034");
2131 SV * const sv = GvSV(gv);
2132 if (!sv_derived_from(PL_patchlevel, "version"))
2133 upg_version(PL_patchlevel, TRUE);
2134 GvSV(gv) = vnumify(PL_patchlevel);
2135 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
2139 case '\026': /* $^V */
2141 SV * const sv = GvSV(gv);
2142 GvSV(gv) = new_version(PL_patchlevel);
2143 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
2149 if (sv_type == SVt_PV)
2157 /* If we do ever start using this later on in the file, we need to make
2158 sure we don’t accidentally use the wrong definition. */
2159 #undef SvREADONLY_on
2161 /* This function is called when the stash already holds the GV of the magic
2162 * variable we're looking for, but we need to check that it has the correct
2163 * kind of magic. For example, if someone first uses $! and then %!, the
2164 * latter would end up here, and we add the Errno tie to the HASH slot of
2167 PERL_STATIC_INLINE void
2168 S_maybe_multimagic_gv(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *name, const svtype sv_type)
2170 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_MAYBE_MULTIMAGIC_GV;
2172 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV) {
2174 require_tie_mod(gv, "!", newSVpvs("Errno"), "TIEHASH", 1);
2175 else if (*name == '-' || *name == '+')
2176 require_tie_mod(gv, name, newSVpvs("Tie::Hash::NamedCapture"), "TIEHASH", 0);
2177 } else if (sv_type == SVt_PV) {
2178 if (*name == '*' || *name == '#') {
2179 /* diag_listed_as: $* is no longer supported */
2180 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED,
2182 "$%c is no longer supported", *name);
2185 if (sv_type==SVt_PV || sv_type==SVt_PVGV) {
2188 require_tie_mod(gv,name,newSVpvs("arybase"),"FETCH",0);
2190 #ifdef PERL_SAWAMPERSAND
2192 PL_sawampersand |= SAWAMPERSAND_LEFT;
2196 PL_sawampersand |= SAWAMPERSAND_MIDDLE;
2200 PL_sawampersand |= SAWAMPERSAND_RIGHT;
2209 Perl_gv_fetchpvn_flags(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, STRLEN full_len, I32 flags,
2210 const svtype sv_type)
2212 const char *name = nambeg;
2217 const I32 no_init = flags & (GV_NOADD_NOINIT | GV_NOINIT);
2218 const I32 no_expand = flags & GV_NOEXPAND;
2219 const I32 add = flags & ~GV_NOADD_MASK;
2220 const U32 is_utf8 = flags & SVf_UTF8;
2221 bool addmg = cBOOL(flags & GV_ADDMG);
2222 const char *const name_end = nambeg + full_len;
2225 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHPVN_FLAGS;
2227 /* If we have GV_NOTQUAL, the caller promised that
2228 * there is no stash, so we can skip the check.
2229 * Similarly if full_len is 0, since then we're
2230 * dealing with something like *{""} or ""->foo()
2232 if ((flags & GV_NOTQUAL) || !full_len) {
2235 else if (parse_gv_stash_name(&stash, &gv, &name, &len, nambeg, full_len, is_utf8, add)) {
2236 if (name == name_end) return gv;
2242 if (!stash && !find_default_stash(&stash, name, len, is_utf8, add, sv_type)) {
2246 /* By this point we should have a stash and a name */
2247 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,is_utf8 ? -(I32)len : (I32)len,add);
2248 if (!gvp || *gvp == (const GV *)&PL_sv_undef) {
2249 if (addmg) gv = (GV *)newSV(0);
2252 else gv = *gvp, addmg = 0;
2253 /* From this point on, addmg means gv has not been inserted in the
2256 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV) {
2257 /* The GV already exists, so return it, but check if we need to do
2258 * anything else with it before that.
2261 /* This is the heuristic that handles if a variable triggers the
2262 * 'used only once' warning. If there's already a GV in the stash
2263 * with this name, then we assume that the variable has been used
2264 * before and turn its MULTI flag on.
2265 * It's a heuristic because it can easily be "tricked", like with
2266 * BEGIN { $a = 1; $::{foo} = *a }; () = $foo
2267 * not warning about $main::foo being used just once
2270 gv_init_svtype(gv, sv_type);
2271 /* You reach this path once the typeglob has already been created,
2272 either by the same or a different sigil. If this path didn't
2273 exist, then (say) referencing $! first, and %! second would
2274 mean that %! was not handled correctly. */
2275 if (len == 1 && stash == PL_defstash) {
2276 maybe_multimagic_gv(gv, name, sv_type);
2278 else if (len == 3 && sv_type == SVt_PVAV
2279 && strnEQ(name, "ISA", 3)
2280 && (!GvAV(gv) || !SvSMAGICAL(GvAV(gv))))
2281 gv_magicalize_isa(gv);
2284 } else if (no_init) {
2288 /* If GV_NOEXPAND is true and what we got off the stash is a ref,
2289 * don't expand it to a glob. This is an optimization so that things
2290 * copying constants over, like Exporter, don't have to be rewritten
2291 * to take into account that you can store more than just globs in
2294 else if (no_expand && SvROK(gv)) {
2299 /* Adding a new symbol.
2300 Unless of course there was already something non-GV here, in which case
2301 we want to behave as if there was always a GV here, containing some sort
2303 Otherwise we run the risk of creating things like GvIO, which can cause
2304 subtle bugs. eg the one that tripped up SQL::Translator */
2306 faking_it = SvOK(gv);
2308 if (add & GV_ADDWARN)
2309 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
2310 "Had to create %"UTF8f" unexpectedly",
2311 UTF8fARG(is_utf8, name_end-nambeg, nambeg));
2312 gv_init_pvn(gv, stash, name, len, (add & GV_ADDMULTI)|is_utf8);
2314 if ( isIDFIRST_lazy_if(name, is_utf8) && !ckWARN(WARN_ONCE) )
2317 /* First, store the gv in the symtab if we're adding magic,
2318 * but only for non-empty GVs
2320 #define GvEMPTY(gv) !(GvAV(gv) || GvHV(gv) || GvIO(gv) \
2321 || GvCV(gv) || (GvSV(gv) && SvOK(GvSV(gv))))
2323 if ( addmg && !GvEMPTY(gv) ) {
2324 (void)hv_store(stash,name,len,(SV *)gv,0);
2327 /* set up magic where warranted */
2328 if ( gv_magicalize(gv, stash, name, len, addmg, sv_type) ) {
2331 if ( GvSV(gv) && SvMAGICAL(GvSV(gv)) ) {
2332 /* The GV was and still is "empty", except that now
2333 * it has the magic flags turned on, so we want it
2334 * stored in the symtab.
2336 (void)hv_store(stash,name,len,(SV *)gv,0);
2339 /* Most likely the temporary GV created above */
2340 SvREFCNT_dec_NN(gv);
2346 if (gv) gv_init_svtype(gv, faking_it ? SVt_PVCV : sv_type);
2351 Perl_gv_fullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, const GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
2354 const HV * const hv = GvSTASH(gv);
2356 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FULLNAME4;
2358 sv_setpv(sv, prefix ? prefix : "");
2360 if (hv && (name = HvNAME(hv))) {
2361 const STRLEN len = HvNAMELEN(hv);
2362 if (keepmain || strnNE(name, "main", len)) {
2363 sv_catpvn_flags(sv,name,len,HvNAMEUTF8(hv)?SV_CATUTF8:SV_CATBYTES);
2367 else sv_catpvs(sv,"__ANON__::");
2368 sv_catsv(sv,sv_2mortal(newSVhek(GvNAME_HEK(gv))));
2372 Perl_gv_efullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, const GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
2374 const GV * const egv = GvEGVx(gv);
2376 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_EFULLNAME4;
2378 gv_fullname4(sv, egv ? egv : gv, prefix, keepmain);
2382 /* recursively scan a stash and any nested stashes looking for entries
2383 * that need the "only used once" warning raised
2387 Perl_gv_check(pTHX_ HV *stash)
2391 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_CHECK;
2393 if (!HvARRAY(stash))
2396 assert(SvOOK(stash));
2398 for (i = 0; i <= (I32) HvMAX(stash); i++) {
2400 /* mark stash is being scanned, to avoid recursing */
2401 HvAUX(stash)->xhv_aux_flags |= HvAUXf_SCAN_STASH;
2402 for (entry = HvARRAY(stash)[i]; entry; entry = HeNEXT(entry)) {
2405 if (HeKEY(entry)[HeKLEN(entry)-1] == ':' &&
2406 (gv = MUTABLE_GV(HeVAL(entry))) && isGV(gv) && (hv = GvHV(gv)))
2408 if (hv != PL_defstash && hv != stash
2410 && (HvAUX(hv)->xhv_aux_flags & HvAUXf_SCAN_STASH))
2412 gv_check(hv); /* nested package */
2414 else if ( *HeKEY(entry) != '_'
2415 && isIDFIRST_lazy_if(HeKEY(entry), HeUTF8(entry)) ) {
2417 gv = MUTABLE_GV(HeVAL(entry));
2418 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV || GvMULTI(gv))
2421 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, GvLINE(gv));
2423 CopFILE(PL_curcop) = (char *)file; /* set for warning */
2425 CopFILEGV(PL_curcop)
2426 = gv_fetchfile_flags(file, HEK_LEN(GvFILE_HEK(gv)), 0);
2428 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_ONCE),
2429 "Name \"%"HEKf"::%"HEKf
2430 "\" used only once: possible typo",
2431 HEKfARG(HvNAME_HEK(stash)),
2432 HEKfARG(GvNAME_HEK(gv)));
2435 HvAUX(stash)->xhv_aux_flags &= ~HvAUXf_SCAN_STASH;
2440 Perl_newGVgen_flags(pTHX_ const char *pack, U32 flags)
2442 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWGVGEN_FLAGS;
2443 assert(!(flags & ~SVf_UTF8));
2445 return gv_fetchpv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%"UTF8f"::_GEN_%ld",
2446 UTF8fARG(flags, strlen(pack), pack),
2451 /* hopefully this is only called on local symbol table entries */
2454 Perl_gp_ref(pTHX_ GP *gp)
2461 /* If the GP they asked for a reference to contains
2462 a method cache entry, clear it first, so that we
2463 don't infect them with our cached entry */
2464 SvREFCNT_dec_NN(gp->gp_cv);
2473 Perl_gp_free(pTHX_ GV *gv)
2478 if (!gv || !isGV_with_GP(gv) || !(gp = GvGP(gv)))
2480 if (gp->gp_refcnt == 0) {
2481 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
2482 "Attempt to free unreferenced glob pointers"
2483 pTHX__FORMAT pTHX__VALUE);
2486 if (gp->gp_refcnt > 1) {
2488 if (gp->gp_egv == gv)
2496 /* Copy and null out all the glob slots, so destructors do not see
2498 HEK * const file_hek = gp->gp_file_hek;
2499 SV * const sv = gp->gp_sv;
2500 AV * const av = gp->gp_av;
2501 HV * const hv = gp->gp_hv;
2502 IO * const io = gp->gp_io;
2503 CV * const cv = gp->gp_cv;
2504 CV * const form = gp->gp_form;
2506 gp->gp_file_hek = NULL;
2515 unshare_hek(file_hek);
2519 /* FIXME - another reference loop GV -> symtab -> GV ?
2520 Somehow gp->gp_hv can end up pointing at freed garbage. */
2521 if (hv && SvTYPE(hv) == SVt_PVHV) {
2522 const HEK *hvname_hek = HvNAME_HEK(hv);
2523 DEBUG_o(Perl_deb(aTHX_ "gp_free clearing PL_stashcache for '%"HEKf"'\n", HEKfARG(hvname_hek)));
2524 if (PL_stashcache && hvname_hek)
2525 (void)hv_deletehek(PL_stashcache, hvname_hek, G_DISCARD);
2528 if (io && SvREFCNT(io) == 1 && IoIFP(io)
2529 && (IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_WRONLY ||
2530 IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_RDWR ||
2531 IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_APPEND)
2532 && ckWARN_d(WARN_IO)
2533 && IoIFP(io) != PerlIO_stdin()
2534 && IoIFP(io) != PerlIO_stdout()
2535 && IoIFP(io) != PerlIO_stderr()
2536 && !(IoFLAGS(io) & IOf_FAKE_DIRP))
2537 io_close(io, gv, FALSE, TRUE);
2542 /* Possibly reallocated by a destructor */
2545 if (!gp->gp_file_hek
2551 && !gp->gp_form) break;
2553 if (--attempts == 0) {
2555 "panic: gp_free failed to free glob pointer - "
2556 "something is repeatedly re-creating entries"
2561 /* Possibly incremented by a destructor doing glob assignment */
2562 if (gp->gp_refcnt > 1) goto borrowed;
2568 Perl_magic_freeovrld(pTHX_ SV *sv, MAGIC *mg)
2570 AMT * const amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
2571 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(sv);
2573 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_MAGIC_FREEOVRLD;
2575 if (amtp && AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
2577 for (i = 1; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
2578 CV * const cv = amtp->table[i];
2580 SvREFCNT_dec_NN(MUTABLE_SV(cv));
2581 amtp->table[i] = NULL;
2588 /* Updates and caches the CV's */
2590 * 1 on success and there is some overload
2591 * 0 if there is no overload
2592 * -1 if some error occurred and it couldn't croak
2596 Perl_Gv_AMupdate(pTHX_ HV *stash, bool destructing)
2598 MAGIC* const mg = mg_find((const SV *)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
2600 const struct mro_meta* stash_meta = HvMROMETA(stash);
2603 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_AMUPDATE;
2605 newgen = PL_sub_generation + stash_meta->pkg_gen + stash_meta->cache_gen;
2607 const AMT * const amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
2608 if (amtp->was_ok_sub == newgen) {
2609 return AMT_AMAGIC(amtp) ? 1 : 0;
2611 sv_unmagic(MUTABLE_SV(stash), PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
2614 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Recalcing overload magic in package %s\n",HvNAME_get(stash)) );
2617 amt.was_ok_sub = newgen;
2618 amt.fallback = AMGfallNO;
2624 bool deref_seen = 0;
2627 /* Work with "fallback" key, which we assume to be first in PL_AMG_names */
2629 /* Try to find via inheritance. */
2630 GV *gv = gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, PL_AMG_names[0], 2, -1, 0);
2631 SV * const sv = gv ? GvSV(gv) : NULL;
2636 if (!gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, "((", 2, -1, 0))
2639 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
2641 NOOP; /* Equivalent to !SvTRUE and !SvOK */
2644 else if (SvTRUE(sv))
2645 /* don't need to set overloading here because fallback => 1
2646 * is the default setting for classes without overloading */
2647 amt.fallback=AMGfallYES;
2648 else if (SvOK(sv)) {
2649 amt.fallback=AMGfallNEVER;
2656 assert(SvOOK(stash));
2657 /* initially assume the worst */
2658 HvAUX(stash)->xhv_aux_flags &= ~HvAUXf_NO_DEREF;
2660 for (i = 1; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
2661 const char * const cooky = PL_AMG_names[i];
2662 /* Human-readable form, for debugging: */
2663 const char * const cp = AMG_id2name(i);
2664 const STRLEN l = PL_AMG_namelens[i];
2666 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Checking overloading of \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\"\n",
2667 cp, HvNAME_get(stash)) );
2668 /* don't fill the cache while looking up!
2669 Creation of inheritance stubs in intermediate packages may
2670 conflict with the logic of runtime method substitution.
2671 Indeed, for inheritance A -> B -> C, if C overloads "+0",
2672 then we could have created stubs for "(+0" in A and C too.
2673 But if B overloads "bool", we may want to use it for
2674 numifying instead of C's "+0". */
2675 gv = Perl_gv_fetchmeth_pvn(aTHX_ stash, cooky, l, -1, 0);
2677 if (gv && (cv = GvCV(gv)) && CvHASGV(cv)) {
2678 const HEK * const gvhek =
2679 CvNAMED(cv) ? CvNAME_HEK(cv) : GvNAME_HEK(CvGV(cv));
2680 const HEK * const stashek =
2681 HvNAME_HEK(CvNAMED(cv) ? CvSTASH(cv) : GvSTASH(CvGV(cv)));
2682 if (HEK_LEN(gvhek) == 3 && strEQ(HEK_KEY(gvhek), "nil")
2683 && stashek && HEK_LEN(stashek) == 8
2684 && strEQ(HEK_KEY(stashek), "overload")) {
2685 /* This is a hack to support autoloading..., while
2686 knowing *which* methods were declared as overloaded. */
2687 /* GvSV contains the name of the method. */
2689 SV *gvsv = GvSV(gv);
2691 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Resolving method \"%"SVf256\
2692 "\" for overloaded \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\"\n",
2693 (void*)GvSV(gv), cp, HvNAME(stash)) );
2694 if (!gvsv || !SvPOK(gvsv)
2695 || !(ngv = gv_fetchmethod_sv_flags(stash, gvsv, 0)))
2697 /* Can be an import stub (created by "can"). */
2702 const SV * const name = (gvsv && SvPOK(gvsv))
2704 : newSVpvs_flags("???", SVs_TEMP);
2705 /* diag_listed_as: Can't resolve method "%s" overloading "%s" in package "%s" */
2706 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s method \"%"SVf256
2707 "\" overloading \"%s\" "\
2708 "in package \"%"HEKf256"\"",
2709 (GvCVGEN(gv) ? "Stub found while resolving"
2717 cv = GvCV(gv = ngv);
2719 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Overloading \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\" via \"%.256s::%.256s\"\n",
2720 cp, HvNAME_get(stash), HvNAME_get(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))),
2721 GvNAME(CvGV(cv))) );
2723 } else if (gv) { /* Autoloaded... */
2724 cv = MUTABLE_CV(gv);
2727 amt.table[i]=MUTABLE_CV(SvREFCNT_inc_simple(cv));
2743 /* none of @{} etc overloaded; we can do $obj->[N] quicker.
2744 * NB - aux var invalid here, HvARRAY() could have been
2745 * reallocated since it was assigned to */
2746 HvAUX(stash)->xhv_aux_flags |= HvAUXf_NO_DEREF;
2749 AMT_AMAGIC_on(&amt);
2750 sv_magic(MUTABLE_SV(stash), 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
2751 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMT));
2755 /* Here we have no table: */
2757 AMT_AMAGIC_off(&amt);
2758 sv_magic(MUTABLE_SV(stash), 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
2759 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMTS));
2765 Perl_gv_handler(pTHX_ HV *stash, I32 id)
2770 struct mro_meta* stash_meta;
2772 if (!stash || !HvNAME_get(stash))
2775 stash_meta = HvMROMETA(stash);
2776 newgen = PL_sub_generation + stash_meta->pkg_gen + stash_meta->cache_gen;
2778 mg = mg_find((const SV *)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
2781 if (Gv_AMupdate(stash, 0) == -1)
2783 mg = mg_find((const SV *)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
2786 amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
2787 if ( amtp->was_ok_sub != newgen )
2789 if (AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
2790 CV * const ret = amtp->table[id];
2791 if (ret && isGV(ret)) { /* Autoloading stab */
2792 /* Passing it through may have resulted in a warning
2793 "Inherited AUTOLOAD for a non-method deprecated", since
2794 our caller is going through a function call, not a method call.
2795 So return the CV for AUTOLOAD, setting $AUTOLOAD. */
2796 GV * const gv = gv_fetchmethod(stash, PL_AMG_names[id]);
2808 /* Implement tryAMAGICun_MG macro.
2809 Do get magic, then see if the stack arg is overloaded and if so call it.
2811 AMGf_set return the arg using SETs rather than assigning to
2813 AMGf_numeric apply sv_2num to the stack arg.
2817 Perl_try_amagic_un(pTHX_ int method, int flags) {
2820 SV* const arg = TOPs;
2824 if (SvAMAGIC(arg) && (tmpsv = amagic_call(arg, &PL_sv_undef, method,
2825 AMGf_noright | AMGf_unary))) {
2826 if (flags & AMGf_set) {
2831 if (SvPADMY(TARG)) {
2832 sv_setsv(TARG, tmpsv);
2842 if ((flags & AMGf_numeric) && SvROK(arg))
2848 /* Implement tryAMAGICbin_MG macro.
2849 Do get magic, then see if the two stack args are overloaded and if so
2852 AMGf_set return the arg using SETs rather than assigning to
2854 AMGf_assign op may be called as mutator (eg +=)
2855 AMGf_numeric apply sv_2num to the stack arg.
2859 Perl_try_amagic_bin(pTHX_ int method, int flags) {
2861 SV* const left = TOPm1s;
2862 SV* const right = TOPs;
2868 if (SvAMAGIC(left) || SvAMAGIC(right)) {
2869 SV * const tmpsv = amagic_call(left, right, method,
2870 ((flags & AMGf_assign) && opASSIGN ? AMGf_assign: 0));
2872 if (flags & AMGf_set) {
2879 if (opASSIGN || SvPADMY(TARG)) {
2880 sv_setsv(TARG, tmpsv);
2890 if(left==right && SvGMAGICAL(left)) {
2891 SV * const left = sv_newmortal();
2893 /* Print the uninitialized warning now, so it includes the vari-
2896 if (ckWARN(WARN_UNINITIALIZED)) report_uninit(right);
2897 sv_setsv_flags(left, &PL_sv_no, 0);
2899 else sv_setsv_flags(left, right, 0);
2902 if (flags & AMGf_numeric) {
2904 *(sp-1) = sv_2num(TOPm1s);
2906 *sp = sv_2num(right);
2912 Perl_amagic_deref_call(pTHX_ SV *ref, int method) {
2916 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_AMAGIC_DEREF_CALL;
2920 /* return quickly if none of the deref ops are overloaded */
2921 stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(ref));
2922 assert(SvOOK(stash));
2923 if (HvAUX(stash)->xhv_aux_flags & HvAUXf_NO_DEREF)
2926 while ((tmpsv = amagic_call(ref, &PL_sv_undef, method,
2927 AMGf_noright | AMGf_unary))) {
2929 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Overloaded dereference did not return a reference");
2930 if (tmpsv == ref || SvRV(tmpsv) == SvRV(ref)) {
2931 /* Bail out if it returns us the same reference. */
2938 return tmpsv ? tmpsv : ref;
2942 Perl_amagic_is_enabled(pTHX_ int method)
2944 SV *lex_mask = cop_hints_fetch_pvs(PL_curcop, "overloading", 0);
2946 assert(PL_curcop->cop_hints & HINT_NO_AMAGIC);
2948 if ( !lex_mask || !SvOK(lex_mask) )
2949 /* overloading lexically disabled */
2951 else if ( lex_mask && SvPOK(lex_mask) ) {
2952 /* we have an entry in the hints hash, check if method has been
2953 * masked by overloading.pm */
2955 const int offset = method / 8;
2956 const int bit = method % 8;
2957 char *pv = SvPV(lex_mask, len);
2959 /* Bit set, so this overloading operator is disabled */
2960 if ( (STRLEN)offset < len && pv[offset] & ( 1 << bit ) )
2967 Perl_amagic_call(pTHX_ SV *left, SV *right, int method, int flags)
2972 CV **cvp=NULL, **ocvp=NULL;
2973 AMT *amtp=NULL, *oamtp=NULL;
2974 int off = 0, off1, lr = 0, notfound = 0;
2975 int postpr = 0, force_cpy = 0;
2976 int assign = AMGf_assign & flags;
2977 const int assignshift = assign ? 1 : 0;
2978 int use_default_op = 0;
2979 int force_scalar = 0;
2985 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_AMAGIC_CALL;
2987 if ( PL_curcop->cop_hints & HINT_NO_AMAGIC ) {
2988 if (!amagic_is_enabled(method)) return NULL;
2991 if (!(AMGf_noleft & flags) && SvAMAGIC(left)
2992 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(left))) && Gv_AMG(stash)
2993 && (mg = mg_find((const SV *)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
2994 && (ocvp = cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
2995 ? (oamtp = amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
2997 && ((cv = cvp[off=method+assignshift])
2998 || (assign && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && /* fallback to
3004 cv = cvp[off=method])))) {
3005 lr = -1; /* Call method for left argument */
3007 if (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && flags & AMGf_unary) {
3010 /* look for substituted methods */
3011 /* In all the covered cases we should be called with assign==0. */
3015 if ((cv = cvp[off=add_ass_amg])
3016 || ((cv = cvp[off = add_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr = 1))) {
3017 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
3022 if ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_ass_amg])
3023 || ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr=1))) {
3024 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
3028 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
3031 (void)((cv = cvp[off=string_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
3034 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
3037 (void)((cv = cvp[off=bool__amg])
3038 || (cv = cvp[off=numer_amg])
3039 || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
3046 * SV* ref causes confusion with the interpreter variable of
3049 SV* const tmpRef=SvRV(left);
3050 if (!SvROK(tmpRef) && SvTYPE(tmpRef) <= SVt_PVMG) {
3052 * Just to be extra cautious. Maybe in some
3053 * additional cases sv_setsv is safe, too.
3055 SV* const newref = newSVsv(tmpRef);
3056 SvOBJECT_on(newref);
3057 /* No need to do SvAMAGIC_on here, as SvAMAGIC macros
3058 delegate to the stash. */
3059 SvSTASH_set(newref, MUTABLE_HV(SvREFCNT_inc(SvSTASH(tmpRef))));
3065 if ((cvp[off1=lt_amg] || cvp[off1=ncmp_amg])
3066 && ((cv = cvp[off=neg_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg]))) {
3067 SV* const nullsv=sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
3069 SV* const lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
3070 lt_amg,AMGf_noright);
3071 logic = SvTRUE(lessp);
3073 SV* const lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
3074 ncmp_amg,AMGf_noright);
3075 logic = (SvNV(lessp) < 0);
3078 if (off==subtr_amg) {
3089 if ((cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg])) {
3091 left = sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
3096 case iter_amg: /* XXXX Eventually should do to_gv. */
3097 case ftest_amg: /* XXXX Eventually should do to_gv. */
3100 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
3108 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
3113 if (!cv) goto not_found;
3114 } else if (!(AMGf_noright & flags) && SvAMAGIC(right)
3115 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(right))) && Gv_AMG(stash)
3116 && (mg = mg_find((const SV *)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
3117 && (cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
3118 ? (amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
3120 && (cv = cvp[off=method])) { /* Method for right
3123 } else if (((cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER)
3124 || (ocvp && oamtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER))
3125 && !(flags & AMGf_unary)) {
3126 /* We look for substitution for
3127 * comparison operations and
3129 if (method==concat_amg || method==concat_ass_amg
3130 || method==repeat_amg || method==repeat_ass_amg) {
3131 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to string conversion */
3153 if (ocvp && (oamtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER)) {
3157 if (!cv && (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER)) {
3167 not_found: /* No method found, either report or croak */
3175 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
3177 if (ocvp && (cv=ocvp[nomethod_amg])) { /* Call report method */
3178 notfound = 1; lr = -1;
3179 } else if (cvp && (cv=cvp[nomethod_amg])) {
3180 notfound = 1; lr = 1;
3181 } else if ((use_default_op =
3182 (!ocvp || oamtp->fallback >= AMGfallYES)
3183 && (!cvp || amtp->fallback >= AMGfallYES))
3185 /* Skip generating the "no method found" message. */
3189 if (off==-1) off=method;
3190 msg = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_
3191 "Operation \"%s\": no method found,%sargument %s%"SVf"%s%"SVf,
3192 AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),
3193 (flags & AMGf_unary ? " " : "\n\tleft "),
3195 "in overloaded package ":
3196 "has no overloaded magic",
3198 SVfARG(sv_2mortal(newSVhek(HvNAME_HEK(SvSTASH(SvRV(left)))))):
3201 ",\n\tright argument in overloaded package ":
3204 : ",\n\tright argument has no overloaded magic"),
3206 SVfARG(sv_2mortal(newSVhek(HvNAME_HEK(SvSTASH(SvRV(right)))))):
3207 SVfARG(&PL_sv_no)));
3208 if (use_default_op) {
3209 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "%"SVf, SVfARG(msg)) );
3211 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf, SVfARG(msg));
3215 force_cpy = force_cpy || assign;
3220 /* in these cases, we're calling '+' or '-' as a fallback for a ++ or --
3221 * operation. we need this to return a value, so that it can be assigned
3222 * later on, in the postpr block (case inc_amg/dec_amg), even if the
3223 * increment or decrement was itself called in void context */
3229 if (off == subtr_amg)
3232 /* in these cases, we're calling an assignment variant of an operator
3233 * (+= rather than +, for instance). regardless of whether it's a
3234 * fallback or not, it always has to return a value, which will be
3235 * assigned to the proper variable later */
3252 /* the copy constructor always needs to return a value */
3256 /* because of the way these are implemented (they don't perform the
3257 * dereferencing themselves, they return a reference that perl then
3258 * dereferences later), they always have to be in scalar context */
3266 /* these don't have an op of their own; they're triggered by their parent
3267 * op, so the context there isn't meaningful ('$a and foo()' in void
3268 * context still needs to pass scalar context on to $a's bool overload) */
3278 DEBUG_o(Perl_deb(aTHX_
3279 "Overloaded operator \"%s\"%s%s%s:\n\tmethod%s found%s in package %"SVf"%s\n",
3281 method+assignshift==off? "" :
3283 method+assignshift==off? "" :
3284 AMG_id2name(method+assignshift),
3285 method+assignshift==off? "" : "\")",
3286 flags & AMGf_unary? "" :
3287 lr==1 ? " for right argument": " for left argument",
3288 flags & AMGf_unary? " for argument" : "",
3289 stash ? SVfARG(sv_2mortal(newSVhek(HvNAME_HEK(stash)))) : SVfARG(newSVpvs_flags("null", SVs_TEMP)),
3290 fl? ",\n\tassignment variant used": "") );
3293 /* Since we use shallow copy during assignment, we need
3294 * to dublicate the contents, probably calling user-supplied
3295 * version of copy operator
3297 /* We need to copy in following cases:
3298 * a) Assignment form was called.
3299 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 == off
3300 * b) Increment or decrement, called directly.
3301 * assignshift==0, assign==0, method + 0 == off
3302 * c) Increment or decrement, translated to assignment add/subtr.
3303 * assignshift==0, assign==T,
3305 * d) Increment or decrement, translated to nomethod.
3306 * assignshift==0, assign==0,
3308 * e) Assignment form translated to nomethod.
3309 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 != off
3312 /* off is method, method+assignshift, or a result of opcode substitution.
3313 * In the latter case assignshift==0, so only notfound case is important.
3315 if ( (lr == -1) && ( ( (method + assignshift == off)
3316 && (assign || (method == inc_amg) || (method == dec_amg)))
3319 /* newSVsv does not behave as advertised, so we copy missing
3320 * information by hand */
3321 SV *tmpRef = SvRV(left);
3323 if (SvREFCNT(tmpRef) > 1 && (rv_copy = AMG_CALLunary(left,copy_amg))) {
3324 SvRV_set(left, rv_copy);
3326 SvREFCNT_dec_NN(tmpRef);
3334 const bool oldcatch = CATCH_GET;
3336 int gimme = force_scalar ? G_SCALAR : GIMME_V;
3339 Zero(&myop, 1, BINOP);
3340 myop.op_last = (OP *) &myop;
3341 myop.op_next = NULL;
3342 myop.op_flags = OPf_STACKED;
3346 myop.op_flags |= OPf_WANT_VOID;
3349 if (flags & AMGf_want_list) {
3350 myop.op_flags |= OPf_WANT_LIST;
3355 myop.op_flags |= OPf_WANT_SCALAR;
3359 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_OVERLOAD);
3362 PL_op = (OP *) &myop;
3363 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash)
3364 PL_op->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
3365 Perl_pp_pushmark(aTHX);
3367 EXTEND(SP, notfound + 5);
3368 PUSHs(lr>0? right: left);
3369 PUSHs(lr>0? left: right);
3370 PUSHs( lr > 0 ? &PL_sv_yes : ( assign ? &PL_sv_undef : &PL_sv_no ));
3372 PUSHs(newSVpvn_flags(AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),
3373 AMG_id2namelen(method + assignshift), SVs_TEMP));
3375 PUSHs(MUTABLE_SV(cv));
3379 if ((PL_op = PL_ppaddr[OP_ENTERSUB](aTHX)))
3383 nret = SP - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
3387 /* returning NULL has another meaning, and we check the context
3388 * at the call site too, so this can be differentiated from the
3391 SP = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
3394 if (flags & AMGf_want_list) {
3395 res = sv_2mortal((SV *)newAV());
3396 av_extend((AV *)res, nret);
3398 av_store((AV *)res, nret, POPs);
3410 CATCH_SET(oldcatch);
3417 ans=SvIV(res)<=0; break;
3420 ans=SvIV(res)<0; break;
3423 ans=SvIV(res)>=0; break;
3426 ans=SvIV(res)>0; break;
3429 ans=SvIV(res)==0; break;
3432 ans=SvIV(res)!=0; break;
3435 SvSetSV(left,res); return left;
3437 ans=!SvTRUE(res); break;
3442 } else if (method==copy_amg) {
3444 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Copy method did not return a reference");
3446 return SvREFCNT_inc(SvRV(res));
3454 Perl_gv_name_set(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *name, U32 len, U32 flags)
3459 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_NAME_SET;
3462 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: gv name too long (%"UVuf")", (UV) len);
3464 if (!(flags & GV_ADD) && GvNAME_HEK(gv)) {
3465 unshare_hek(GvNAME_HEK(gv));
3468 PERL_HASH(hash, name, len);
3469 GvNAME_HEK(gv) = share_hek(name, (flags & SVf_UTF8 ? -(I32)len : (I32)len), hash);
3473 =for apidoc gv_try_downgrade
3475 If the typeglob C<gv> can be expressed more succinctly, by having
3476 something other than a real GV in its place in the stash, replace it
3477 with the optimised form. Basic requirements for this are that C<gv>
3478 is a real typeglob, is sufficiently ordinary, and is only referenced
3479 from its package. This function is meant to be used when a GV has been
3480 looked up in part to see what was there, causing upgrading, but based
3481 on what was found it turns out that the real GV isn't required after all.
3483 If C<gv> is a completely empty typeglob, it is deleted from the stash.
3485 If C<gv> is a typeglob containing only a sufficiently-ordinary constant
3486 sub, the typeglob is replaced with a scalar-reference placeholder that
3487 more compactly represents the same thing.
3493 Perl_gv_try_downgrade(pTHX_ GV *gv)
3499 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_TRY_DOWNGRADE;
3501 /* XXX Why and where does this leave dangling pointers during global
3503 if (PL_phase == PERL_PHASE_DESTRUCT) return;
3505 if (!(SvREFCNT(gv) == 1 && SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV && !SvFAKE(gv) &&
3506 !SvOBJECT(gv) && !SvREADONLY(gv) &&
3507 isGV_with_GP(gv) && GvGP(gv) &&
3508 !GvINTRO(gv) && GvREFCNT(gv) == 1 &&
3509 !GvSV(gv) && !GvAV(gv) && !GvHV(gv) && !GvIOp(gv) && !GvFORM(gv) &&
3510 GvEGVx(gv) == gv && (stash = GvSTASH(gv))))
3512 if (gv == PL_statgv || gv == PL_last_in_gv || gv == PL_stderrgv)
3514 if (SvMAGICAL(gv)) {
3516 /* only backref magic is allowed */
3517 if (SvGMAGICAL(gv) || SvSMAGICAL(gv))
3519 for (mg = SvMAGIC(gv); mg; mg = mg->mg_moremagic) {
3520 if (mg->mg_type != PERL_MAGIC_backref)
3526 HEK *gvnhek = GvNAME_HEK(gv);
3527 (void)hv_deletehek(stash, gvnhek, G_DISCARD);
3528 } else if (GvMULTI(gv) && cv && SvREFCNT(cv) == 1 &&
3529 !SvOBJECT(cv) && !SvMAGICAL(cv) && !SvREADONLY(cv) &&
3530 CvSTASH(cv) == stash && !CvNAMED(cv) && CvGV(cv) == gv &&
3531 CvCONST(cv) && !CvMETHOD(cv) && !CvLVALUE(cv) && !CvUNIQUE(cv) &&
3532 !CvNODEBUG(cv) && !CvCLONE(cv) && !CvCLONED(cv) && !CvANON(cv) &&
3533 (namehek = GvNAME_HEK(gv)) &&
3534 (gvp = hv_fetchhek(stash, namehek, 0)) &&
3536 SV *value = SvREFCNT_inc(CvXSUBANY(cv).any_ptr);
3537 const bool imported = !!GvIMPORTED_CV(gv);
3541 SvFLAGS(gv) = SVt_IV|SVf_ROK|SVprv_PCS_IMPORTED * imported;
3542 SvANY(gv) = (XPVGV*)((char*)&(gv->sv_u.svu_iv) -
3543 STRUCT_OFFSET(XPVIV, xiv_iv));
3544 SvRV_set(gv, value);
3549 Perl_gv_override(pTHX_ const char * const name, const STRLEN len)
3551 GV *gv = gv_fetchpvn(name, len, GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVCV);
3553 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_OVERRIDE;
3554 if (gv && GvCVu(gv) && GvIMPORTED_CV(gv)) return gv;
3555 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(PL_globalstash, name, len, FALSE);
3556 gv = gvp ? *gvp : NULL;
3557 if (gv && !isGV(gv)) {
3558 if (!SvPCS_IMPORTED(gv)) return NULL;
3559 gv_init(gv, PL_globalstash, name, len, 0);
3562 return gv && GvCVu(gv) && GvIMPORTED_CV(gv) ? gv : NULL;
3568 core_xsub(pTHX_ CV* cv)
3571 "&CORE::%s cannot be called directly", GvNAME(CvGV(cv))
3577 * c-indentation-style: bsd
3579 * indent-tabs-mode: nil
3582 * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 et: