3 perldiag - various Perl diagnostics
7 These messages are classified as follows (listed in increasing order of
10 (W) A warning (optional).
11 (D) A deprecation (optional).
12 (S) A severe warning (mandatory).
13 (F) A fatal error (trappable).
14 (P) An internal error you should never see (trappable).
15 (X) A very fatal error (non-trappable).
16 (A) An alien error message (not generated by Perl).
18 Optional warnings are enabled by using the B<-w> switch. Warnings may
19 be captured by setting C<$SIG{__WARN__}> to a reference to a routine that will be
20 called on each warning instead of printing it. See L<perlvar>.
21 Trappable errors may be trapped using the eval operator. See
24 Some of these messages are generic. Spots that vary are denoted with a %s,
25 just as in a printf format. Note that some messages start with a %s!
26 The symbols C<"%-?@> sort before the letters, while C<[> and C<\> sort after.
30 =item "my" variable %s can't be in a package
32 (F) Lexically scoped variables aren't in a package, so it doesn't make sense
33 to try to declare one with a package qualifier on the front. Use local()
34 if you want to localize a package variable.
36 =item "my" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same scope
38 (S) A lexical variable has been redeclared in the same scope, effectively
39 eliminating all access to the previous instance. This is almost always
40 a typographical error. Note that the earlier variable will still exist
41 until the end of the scope or until all closure referents to it are
44 =item "no" not allowed in expression
46 (F) The "no" keyword is recognized and executed at compile time, and returns
47 no useful value. See L<perlmod>.
49 =item "use" not allowed in expression
51 (F) The "use" keyword is recognized and executed at compile time, and returns
52 no useful value. See L<perlmod>.
54 =item % may only be used in unpack
56 (F) You can't pack a string by supplying a checksum, since the
57 checksumming process loses information, and you can't go the other
58 way. See L<perlfunc/unpack>.
60 =item %s (...) interpreted as function
62 (W) You've run afoul of the rule that says that any list operator followed
63 by parentheses turns into a function, with all the list operators arguments
64 found inside the parens. See L<perlop/Terms and List Operators (Leftward)>.
66 =item %s argument is not a HASH element
68 (F) The argument to delete() or exists() must be a hash element, such as
73 =item %s did not return a true value
75 (F) A required (or used) file must return a true value to indicate that
76 it compiled correctly and ran its initialization code correctly. It's
77 traditional to end such a file with a "1;", though any true value would
78 do. See L<perlfunc/require>.
80 =item %s found where operator expected
82 (S) The Perl lexer knows whether to expect a term or an operator. If it
83 sees what it knows to be a term when it was expecting to see an operator,
84 it gives you this warning. Usually it indicates that an operator or
85 delimiter was omitted, such as a semicolon.
87 =item %s had compilation errors.
89 (F) The final summary message when a C<perl -c> fails.
91 =item %s has too many errors.
93 (F) The parser has given up trying to parse the program after 10 errors.
94 Further error messages would likely be uninformative.
96 =item %s matches null string many times
98 (W) The pattern you've specified would be an infinite loop if the
99 regular expression engine didn't specifically check for that. See L<perlre>.
101 =item %s never introduced
103 (S) The symbol in question was declared but somehow went out of scope
104 before it could possibly have been used.
108 (F) The final summary message when a C<perl -c> succeeds.
110 =item %s: Command not found.
112 (A) You've accidentally run your script through B<csh> instead
113 of Perl. Check the E<lt>#!E<gt> line, or manually feed your script
116 =item %s: Expression syntax.
118 (A) You've accidentally run your script through B<csh> instead
119 of Perl. Check the E<lt>#!E<gt> line, or manually feed your script
122 =item %s: Undefined variable.
124 (A) You've accidentally run your script through B<csh> instead
125 of Perl. Check the E<lt>#!E<gt> line, or manually feed your script
130 (A) You've accidentally run your script through the Bourne shell
131 instead of Perl. Check the E<lt>#!E<gt> line, or manually feed your script
134 =item B<-P> not allowed for setuid/setgid script
136 (F) The script would have to be opened by the C preprocessor by name,
137 which provides a race condition that breaks security.
139 =item C<-T> and C<-B> not implemented on filehandles
141 (F) Perl can't peek at the stdio buffer of filehandles when it doesn't
142 know about your kind of stdio. You'll have to use a filename instead.
144 =item 500 Server error
148 =item ?+* follows nothing in regexp
150 (F) You started a regular expression with a quantifier. Backslash it
151 if you meant it literally. See L<perlre>.
153 =item @ outside of string
155 (F) You had a pack template that specified an absolute position outside
156 the string being unpacked. See L<perlfunc/pack>.
158 =item accept() on closed fd
160 (W) You tried to do an accept on a closed socket. Did you forget to check
161 the return value of your socket() call? See L<perlfunc/accept>.
163 =item Allocation too large: %lx
165 (X) You can't allocate more than 64K on an MSDOS machine.
167 =item Allocation too large
169 (F) You can't allocate more than 2^31+"small amount" bytes.
171 =item Arg too short for msgsnd
173 (F) msgsnd() requires a string at least as long as sizeof(long).
175 =item Ambiguous use of %s resolved as %s
177 (W)(S) You said something that may not be interpreted the way
178 you thought. Normally it's pretty easy to disambiguate it by supplying
179 a missing quote, operator, paren pair or declaration.
181 =item Args must match #! line
183 (F) The setuid emulator requires that the arguments Perl was invoked
184 with match the arguments specified on the #! line.
186 =item Argument "%s" isn't numeric
188 (W) The indicated string was fed as an argument to an operator that
189 expected a numeric value instead. If you're fortunate the message
190 will identify which operator was so unfortunate.
192 =item Array @%s missing the @ in argument %d of %s()
194 (D) Really old Perl let you omit the @ on array names in some spots. This
195 is now heavily deprecated.
197 =item assertion botched: %s
199 (P) The malloc package that comes with Perl had an internal failure.
201 =item Assertion failed: file "%s"
203 (P) A general assertion failed. The file in question must be examined.
205 =item Assignment to both a list and a scalar
207 (F) If you assign to a conditional operator, the 2nd and 3rd arguments
208 must either both be scalars or both be lists. Otherwise Perl won't
209 know which context to supply to the right side.
211 =item Attempt to free non-arena SV: 0x%lx
213 (P) All SV objects are supposed to be allocated from arenas that will
214 be garbage collected on exit. An SV was discovered to be outside any
217 =item Attempt to free temp prematurely
219 (W) Mortalized values are supposed to be freed by the free_tmps()
220 routine. This indicates that something else is freeing the SV before
221 the free_tmps() routine gets a chance, which means that the free_tmps()
222 routine will be freeing an unreferenced scalar when it does try to free
225 =item Attempt to free unreferenced glob pointers
227 (P) The reference counts got screwed up on symbol aliases.
229 =item Attempt to free unreferenced scalar
231 (W) Perl went to decrement the reference count of a scalar to see if it
232 would go to 0, and discovered that it had already gone to 0 earlier,
233 and should have been freed, and in fact, probably was freed. This
234 could indicate that SvREFCNT_dec() was called too many times, or that
235 SvREFCNT_inc() was called too few times, or that the SV was mortalized
236 when it shouldn't have been, or that memory has been corrupted.
238 =item Attempt to use reference as lvalue in substr
240 (W) You supplied a reference as the first argument to substr() used
241 as an lvalue, which is pretty strange. Perhaps you forgot to
242 dereference it first. See L<perlfunc/substr>.
244 =item Bad arg length for %s, is %d, should be %d
246 (F) You passed a buffer of the wrong size to one of msgctl(), semctl() or
247 shmctl(). In C parlance, the correct sizes are, respectively,
248 S<sizeof(struct msqid_ds *)>, S<sizeof(struct semid_ds *)> and
249 S<sizeof(struct shmid_ds *)>.
251 =item Bad associative array
253 (P) One of the internal hash routines was passed a null HV pointer.
255 =item Bad filehandle: %s
257 (F) A symbol was passed to something wanting a filehandle, but the symbol
258 has no filehandle associated with it. Perhaps you didn't do an open(), or
259 did it in another package.
261 =item Bad free() ignored
263 (S) An internal routine called free() on something that had never been
264 malloc()ed in the first place. Mandatory, but can be disabled by
265 setting environment variable C<PERL_BADFREE> to 1.
267 This message can be quite often seen with DB_File on systems with
268 "hard" dynamic linking, like C<AIX> and C<OS/2>. It is a bug of
269 C<Berkeley DB> which is left unnoticed if C<DB> uses I<forgiving>
272 =item Bad name after %s::
274 (F) You started to name a symbol by using a package prefix, and then didn't
275 finish the symbol. In particular, you can't interpolate outside of quotes,
284 $sym = "mypack::$var";
286 =item Bad symbol for array
288 (P) An internal request asked to add an array entry to something that
289 wasn't a symbol table entry.
291 =item Bad symbol for filehandle
293 (P) An internal request asked to add a filehandle entry to something that
294 wasn't a symbol table entry.
296 =item Bad symbol for hash
298 (P) An internal request asked to add a hash entry to something that
299 wasn't a symbol table entry.
301 =item Badly placed ()'s
303 (A) You've accidentally run your script through B<csh> instead
304 of Perl. Check the E<lt>#!E<gt> line, or manually feed your script
307 =item BEGIN failed--compilation aborted
309 (F) An untrapped exception was raised while executing a BEGIN subroutine.
310 Compilation stops immediately and the interpreter is exited.
312 =item bind() on closed fd
314 (W) You tried to do a bind on a closed socket. Did you forget to check
315 the return value of your socket() call? See L<perlfunc/bind>.
317 =item Bizarre copy of %s in %s
319 (P) Perl detected an attempt to copy an internal value that is not copiable.
321 =item Callback called exit
323 (F) A subroutine invoked from an external package via perl_call_sv()
324 exited by calling exit.
326 =item Can't "last" outside a block
328 (F) A "last" statement was executed to break out of the current block,
329 except that there's this itty bitty problem called there isn't a
330 current block. Note that an "if" or "else" block doesn't count as a
331 "loopish" block. You can usually double the curlies to get the same
332 effect though, since the inner curlies will be considered a block
333 that loops once. See L<perlfunc/last>.
335 =item Can't "next" outside a block
337 (F) A "next" statement was executed to reiterate the current block, but
338 there isn't a current block. Note that an "if" or "else" block doesn't
339 count as a "loopish" block. You can usually double the curlies to get
340 the same effect though, since the inner curlies will be considered a block
341 that loops once. See L<perlfunc/last>.
343 =item Can't "redo" outside a block
345 (F) A "redo" statement was executed to restart the current block, but
346 there isn't a current block. Note that an "if" or "else" block doesn't
347 count as a "loopish" block. You can usually double the curlies to get
348 the same effect though, since the inner curlies will be considered a block
349 that loops once. See L<perlfunc/last>.
351 =item Can't bless non-reference value
353 (F) Only hard references may be blessed. This is how Perl "enforces"
354 encapsulation of objects. See L<perlobj>.
356 =item Can't break at that line
358 (S) A warning intended for while running within the debugger, indicating
359 the line number specified wasn't the location of a statement that could
362 =item Can't call method "%s" in empty package "%s"
364 (F) You called a method correctly, and it correctly indicated a package
365 functioning as a class, but that package doesn't have ANYTHING defined
366 in it, let alone methods. See L<perlobj>.
368 =item Can't call method "%s" on unblessed reference
370 (F) A method call must know what package it's supposed to run in. It
371 ordinarily finds this out from the object reference you supply, but
372 you didn't supply an object reference in this case. A reference isn't
373 an object reference until it has been blessed. See L<perlobj>.
375 =item Can't call method "%s" without a package or object reference
377 (F) You used the syntax of a method call, but the slot filled by the
378 object reference or package name contains an expression that returns
379 neither an object reference nor a package name. (Perhaps it's null?)
380 Something like this will reproduce the error:
383 process $BADREF 1,2,3;
384 $BADREF->process(1,2,3);
386 =item Can't chdir to %s
388 (F) You called C<perl -x/foo/bar>, but C</foo/bar> is not a directory
389 that you can chdir to, possibly because it doesn't exist.
391 =item Can't coerce %s to integer in %s
393 (F) Certain types of SVs, in particular real symbol table entries
394 (typeglobs), can't be forced to stop being what they are. So you can't
404 but then $foo no longer contains a glob.
406 =item Can't coerce %s to number in %s
408 (F) Certain types of SVs, in particular real symbol table entries
409 (typeglobs), can't be forced to stop being what they are.
411 =item Can't coerce %s to string in %s
413 (F) Certain types of SVs, in particular real symbol table entries
414 (typeglobs), can't be forced to stop being what they are.
416 =item Can't create pipe mailbox
418 (P) An error peculiar to VMS. The process is suffering from exhausted quotas
419 or other plumbing problems.
421 =item Can't declare %s in my
423 (F) Only scalar, array and hash variables may be declared as lexical variables.
424 They must have ordinary identifiers as names.
426 =item Can't do inplace edit on %s: %s
428 (S) The creation of the new file failed for the indicated reason.
430 =item Can't do inplace edit without backup
432 (F) You're on a system such as MSDOS that gets confused if you try reading
433 from a deleted (but still opened) file. You have to say B<-i>C<.bak>, or some
436 =item Can't do inplace edit: %s E<gt> 14 characters
438 (S) There isn't enough room in the filename to make a backup name for the file.
440 =item Can't do inplace edit: %s is not a regular file
442 (S) You tried to use the B<-i> switch on a special file, such as a file in
443 /dev, or a FIFO. The file was ignored.
445 =item Can't do setegid!
447 (P) The setegid() call failed for some reason in the setuid emulator
450 =item Can't do seteuid!
452 (P) The setuid emulator of suidperl failed for some reason.
454 =item Can't do setuid
456 (F) This typically means that ordinary perl tried to exec suidperl to
457 do setuid emulation, but couldn't exec it. It looks for a name of the
458 form sperl5.000 in the same directory that the perl executable resides
459 under the name perl5.000, typically /usr/local/bin on Unix machines.
460 If the file is there, check the execute permissions. If it isn't, ask
461 your sysadmin why he and/or she removed it.
463 =item Can't do waitpid with flags
465 (F) This machine doesn't have either waitpid() or wait4(), so only waitpid()
466 without flags is emulated.
468 =item Can't do {n,m} with n E<gt> m
470 (F) Minima must be less than or equal to maxima. If you really want
471 your regexp to match something 0 times, just put {0}. See L<perlre>.
473 =item Can't emulate -%s on #! line
475 (F) The #! line specifies a switch that doesn't make sense at this point.
476 For example, it'd be kind of silly to put a B<-x> on the #! line.
478 =item Can't exec "%s": %s
480 (W) An system(), exec() or piped open call could not execute the named
481 program for the indicated reason. Typical reasons include: the permissions
482 were wrong on the file, the file wasn't found in C<$ENV{PATH}>, the
483 executable in question was compiled for another architecture, or the
484 #! line in a script points to an interpreter that can't be run for
485 similar reasons. (Or maybe your system doesn't support #! at all.)
489 (F) Perl was trying to execute the indicated program for you because that's
490 what the #! line said. If that's not what you wanted, you may need to
491 mention "perl" on the #! line somewhere.
493 =item Can't execute %s
495 (F) You used the B<-S> switch, but the script to execute could not be found
496 in the PATH, or at least not with the correct permissions.
498 =item Can't find label %s
500 (F) You said to goto a label that isn't mentioned anywhere that it's possible
501 for us to go to. See L<perlfunc/goto>.
503 =item Can't find string terminator %s anywhere before EOF
505 (F) Perl strings can stretch over multiple lines. This message means that
506 the closing delimiter was omitted. Since bracketed quotes count nesting
507 levels, the following is missing its final parenthesis:
509 print q(The character '(' starts a side comment.)
513 (F) A fatal error occurred while trying to fork while opening a pipeline.
515 =item Unsupported function fork
517 (F) Your version of executable does not support forking.
519 Note that under some systems, like OS/2, there may be different flavors of
520 Perl executables, some of which may support fork, some not. Try changing
521 the name you call Perl by to C<perl_>, C<perl__>, and so on.
523 =item Can't get filespec - stale stat buffer?
525 (S) A warning peculiar to VMS. This arises because of the difference between
526 access checks under VMS and under the Unix model Perl assumes. Under VMS,
527 access checks are done by filename, rather than by bits in the stat buffer, so
528 that ACLs and other protections can be taken into account. Unfortunately, Perl
529 assumes that the stat buffer contains all the necessary information, and passes
530 it, instead of the filespec, to the access checking routine. It will try to
531 retrieve the filespec using the device name and FID present in the stat buffer,
532 but this works only if you haven't made a subsequent call to the CRTL stat()
533 routine, since the device name is overwritten with each call. If this warning
534 appears, the name lookup failed, and the access checking routine gave up and
535 returned FALSE, just to be conservative. (Note: The access checking routine
536 knows about the Perl C<stat> operator and file tests, so you shouldn't ever
537 see this warning in response to a Perl command; it arises only if some internal
538 code takes stat buffers lightly.)
540 =item Can't get pipe mailbox device name
542 (P) An error peculiar to VMS. After creating a mailbox to act as a pipe, Perl
543 can't retrieve its name for later use.
545 =item Can't get SYSGEN parameter value for MAXBUF
547 (P) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl asked $GETSYI how big you want your
548 mailbox buffers to be, and didn't get an answer.
550 =item Can't goto subroutine outside a subroutine
552 (F) The deeply magical "goto subroutine" call can only replace one subroutine
553 call for another. It can't manufacture one out of whole cloth. In general
554 you should only be calling it out of an AUTOLOAD routine anyway. See
557 =item Can't localize a reference
559 (F) You said something like C<local $$ref>, which is not allowed because
560 the compiler can't determine whether $ref will end up pointing to anything
561 with a symbol table entry, and a symbol table entry is necessary to
564 =item Can't localize lexical variable %s
566 (F) You used local on a variable name that was previously declared as a
567 lexical variable using "my". This is not allowed. If you want to
568 localize a package variable of the same name, qualify it with the
571 =item Can't locate %s in @INC
573 (F) You said to do (or require, or use) a file that couldn't be found
574 in any of the libraries mentioned in @INC. Perhaps you need to set
575 the PERL5LIB environment variable to say where the extra library is,
576 or maybe the script needs to add the library name to @INC. Or maybe
577 you just misspelled the name of the file. See L<perlfunc/require>.
579 =item Can't locate object method "%s" via package "%s"
581 (F) You called a method correctly, and it correctly indicated a package
582 functioning as a class, but that package doesn't define that particular
583 method, nor does any of its base classes. See L<perlobj>.
585 =item Can't locate package %s for @%s::ISA
587 (W) The @ISA array contained the name of another package that doesn't seem
592 (F) The mktemp() routine failed for some reason while trying to process
593 a B<-e> switch. Maybe your /tmp partition is full, or clobbered.
595 =item Can't modify %s in %s
597 (F) You aren't allowed to assign to the item indicated, or otherwise try to
598 change it, such as with an autoincrement.
600 =item Can't modify non-existent substring
602 (P) The internal routine that does assignment to a substr() was handed
605 =item Can't msgrcv to readonly var
607 (F) The target of a msgrcv must be modifiable in order to be used as a receive
610 =item Can't open %s: %s
612 (S) An inplace edit couldn't open the original file for the indicated reason.
613 Usually this is because you don't have read permission for the file.
615 =item Can't open bidirectional pipe
617 (W) You tried to say C<open(CMD, "|cmd|")>, which is not supported. You can
618 try any of several modules in the Perl library to do this, such as
619 "open2.pl". Alternately, direct the pipe's output to a file using "E<gt>",
620 and then read it in under a different file handle.
622 =item Can't open error file %s as stderr
624 (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl does its own command line redirection, and
625 couldn't open the file specified after '2E<gt>' or '2E<gt>E<gt>' on the
626 command line for writing.
628 =item Can't open input file %s as stdin
630 (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl does its own command line redirection, and
631 couldn't open the file specified after 'E<lt>' on the command line for reading.
633 =item Can't open output file %s as stdout
635 (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl does its own command line redirection, and
636 couldn't open the file specified after 'E<gt>' or 'E<gt>E<gt>' on the command
639 =item Can't open output pipe (name: %s)
641 (P) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl does its own command line redirection, and
642 couldn't open the pipe into which to send data destined for stdout.
644 =item Can't open perl script "%s": %s
646 (F) The script you specified can't be opened for the indicated reason.
648 =item Can't rename %s to %s: %s, skipping file
650 (S) The rename done by the B<-i> switch failed for some reason, probably because
651 you don't have write permission to the directory.
653 =item Can't reopen input pipe (name: %s) in binary mode
655 (P) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl thought stdin was a pipe, and tried to
656 reopen it to accept binary data. Alas, it failed.
658 =item Can't reswap uid and euid
660 (P) The setreuid() call failed for some reason in the setuid emulator
663 =item Can't return outside a subroutine
665 (F) The return statement was executed in mainline code, that is, where
666 there was no subroutine call to return out of. See L<perlsub>.
668 =item Can't stat script "%s"
670 (P) For some reason you can't fstat() the script even though you have
671 it open already. Bizarre.
673 =item Can't swap uid and euid
675 (P) The setreuid() call failed for some reason in the setuid emulator
678 =item Can't take log of %g
680 (F) Logarithms are only defined on positive real numbers.
682 =item Can't take sqrt of %g
684 (F) For ordinary real numbers, you can't take the square root of a
685 negative number. There's a Complex package available for Perl, though,
686 if you really want to do that.
688 =item Can't undef active subroutine
690 (F) You can't undefine a routine that's currently running. You can,
691 however, redefine it while it's running, and you can even undef the
692 redefined subroutine while the old routine is running. Go figure.
696 (F) You tried to unshift an "unreal" array that can't be unshifted, such
697 as the main Perl stack.
699 =item Can't upgrade that kind of scalar
701 (P) The internal sv_upgrade routine adds "members" to an SV, making
702 it into a more specialized kind of SV. The top several SV types are
703 so specialized, however, that they cannot be interconverted. This
704 message indicates that such a conversion was attempted.
706 =item Can't upgrade to undef
708 (P) The undefined SV is the bottom of the totem pole, in the scheme
709 of upgradability. Upgrading to undef indicates an error in the
710 code calling sv_upgrade.
712 =item Can't use "my %s" in sort comparison
714 (F) The global variables $a and $b are reserved for sort comparisons.
715 You mentioned $a or $b in the same line as the E<lt>=E<gt> or cmp operator,
716 and the variable had earlier been declared as a lexical variable.
717 Either qualify the sort variable with the package name, or rename the
720 =item Can't use %s for loop variable
722 (F) Only a simple scalar variable may be used as a loop variable on a foreach.
724 =item Can't use %s ref as %s ref
726 (F) You've mixed up your reference types. You have to dereference a
727 reference of the type needed. You can use the ref() function to
728 test the type of the reference, if need be.
730 =item Can't use \1 to mean $1 in expression
732 (W) In an ordinary expression, backslash is a unary operator that creates
733 a reference to its argument. The use of backslash to indicate a backreference
734 to a matched substring is only valid as part of a regular expression pattern.
735 Trying to do this in ordinary Perl code produces a value that prints
736 out looking like SCALAR(0xdecaf). Use the $1 form instead.
738 =item Can't use string ("%s") as %s ref while "strict refs" in use
740 (F) Only hard references are allowed by "strict refs". Symbolic references
741 are disallowed. See L<perlref>.
743 =item Can't use an undefined value as %s reference
745 (F) A value used as either a hard reference or a symbolic reference must
746 be a defined value. This helps to de-lurk some insidious errors.
748 =item Can't use global %s in "my"
750 (F) You tried to declare a magical variable as a lexical variable. This is
751 not allowed, because the magic can only be tied to one location (namely
752 the global variable) and it would be incredibly confusing to have
753 variables in your program that looked like magical variables but
756 =item Can't use subscript on %s
758 (F) The compiler tried to interpret a bracketed expression as a
759 subscript. But to the left of the brackets was an expression that
760 didn't look like an array reference, or anything else subscriptable.
762 =item Can't write to temp file for B<-e>: %s
764 (F) The write routine failed for some reason while trying to process
765 a B<-e> switch. Maybe your /tmp partition is full, or clobbered.
767 =item Can't x= to readonly value
769 (F) You tried to repeat a constant value (often the undefined value) with
770 an assignment operator, which implies modifying the value itself.
771 Perhaps you need to copy the value to a temporary, and repeat that.
773 =item Cannot open temporary file
775 (F) The create routine failed for some reason while trying to process
776 a B<-e> switch. Maybe your /tmp partition is full, or clobbered.
778 =item chmod: mode argument is missing initial 0
780 (W) A novice will sometimes say
784 not realizing that 777 will be interpreted as a decimal number, equivalent
785 to 01411. Octal constants are introduced with a leading 0 in Perl, as in C.
787 =item Close on unopened file E<lt>%sE<gt>
789 (W) You tried to close a filehandle that was never opened.
791 =item connect() on closed fd
793 (W) You tried to do a connect on a closed socket. Did you forget to check
794 the return value of your socket() call? See L<perlfunc/connect>.
796 =item Corrupt malloc ptr 0x%lx at 0x%lx
798 (P) The malloc package that comes with Perl had an internal failure.
800 =item corrupted regexp pointers
802 (P) The regular expression engine got confused by what the regular
803 expression compiler gave it.
805 =item corrupted regexp program
807 (P) The regular expression engine got passed a regexp program without
808 a valid magic number.
810 =item Deep recursion on subroutine "%s"
812 (W) This subroutine has called itself (directly or indirectly) 100
813 times than it has returned. This probably indicates an infinite
814 recursion, unless you're writing strange benchmark programs, in which
815 case it indicates something else.
817 =item Did you mean &%s instead?
819 (W) You probably referred to an imported subroutine &FOO as $FOO or some such.
821 =item Did you mean $ or @ instead of %?
823 (W) You probably said %hash{$key} when you meant $hash{$key} or @hash{@keys}.
824 On the other hand, maybe you just meant %hash and got carried away.
826 =item Do you need to predeclare %s?
828 (S) This is an educated guess made in conjunction with the message "%s
829 found where operator expected". It often means a subroutine or module
830 name is being referenced that hasn't been declared yet. This may be
831 because of ordering problems in your file, or because of a missing
832 "sub", "package", "require", or "use" statement. If you're
833 referencing something that isn't defined yet, you don't actually have
834 to define the subroutine or package before the current location. You
835 can use an empty "sub foo;" or "package FOO;" to enter a "forward"
838 =item Don't know how to handle magic of type '%s'
840 (P) The internal handling of magical variables has been cursed.
842 =item do_study: out of memory
844 (P) This should have been caught by safemalloc() instead.
846 =item Duplicate free() ignored
848 (S) An internal routine called free() on something that had already
851 =item elseif should be elsif
853 (S) There is no keyword "elseif" in Perl because Larry thinks it's
854 ugly. Your code will be interpreted as an attempt to call a method
855 named "elseif" for the class returned by the following block. This is
856 unlikely to be what you want.
858 =item END failed--cleanup aborted
860 (F) An untrapped exception was raised while executing an END subroutine.
861 The interpreter is immediately exited.
863 =item Error converting file specification %s
865 (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Since Perl may have to deal with file
866 specifications in either VMS or Unix syntax, it converts them to a
867 single form when it must operate on them directly. Either you've
868 passed an invalid file specification to Perl, or you've found a
869 case the conversion routines don't handle. Drat.
871 =item Execution of %s aborted due to compilation errors.
873 (F) The final summary message when a Perl compilation fails.
875 =item Exiting eval via %s
877 (W) You are exiting an eval by unconventional means, such as
878 a goto, or a loop control statement.
880 =item Exiting subroutine via %s
882 (W) You are exiting a subroutine by unconventional means, such as
883 a goto, or a loop control statement.
885 =item Exiting substitution via %s
887 (W) You are exiting a substitution by unconventional means, such as
888 a return, a goto, or a loop control statement.
890 =item Fatal VMS error at %s, line %d
892 (P) An error peculiar to VMS. Something untoward happened in a VMS system
893 service or RTL routine; Perl's exit status should provide more details. The
894 filename in "at %s" and the line number in "line %d" tell you which section of
895 the Perl source code is distressed.
897 =item fcntl is not implemented
899 (F) Your machine apparently doesn't implement fcntl(). What is this, a
902 =item Filehandle %s never opened
904 (W) An I/O operation was attempted on a filehandle that was never initialized.
905 You need to do an open() or a socket() call, or call a constructor from
906 the FileHandle package.
908 =item Filehandle %s opened only for input
910 (W) You tried to write on a read-only filehandle. If you
911 intended it to be a read-write filehandle, you needed to open it with
912 "+E<lt>" or "+E<gt>" or "+E<gt>E<gt>" instead of with "E<lt>" or nothing. If
913 you only intended to write the file, use "E<gt>" or "E<gt>E<gt>". See
916 =item Filehandle only opened for input
918 (W) You tried to write on a read-only filehandle. If you
919 intended it to be a read-write filehandle, you needed to open it with
920 "+E<lt>" or "+E<gt>" or "+E<gt>E<gt>" instead of with "E<lt>" or nothing. If
921 you only intended to write the file, use "E<gt>" or "E<gt>E<gt>". See
924 =item Final $ should be \$ or $name
926 (F) You must now decide whether the final $ in a string was meant to be
927 a literal dollar sign, or was meant to introduce a variable name
928 that happens to be missing. So you have to put either the backslash or
931 =item Final @ should be \@ or @name
933 (F) You must now decide whether the final @ in a string was meant to be
934 a literal "at" sign, or was meant to introduce a variable name
935 that happens to be missing. So you have to put either the backslash or
938 =item Format %s redefined
940 (W) You redefined a format. To suppress this warning, say
944 eval "format NAME =...";
947 =item Format not terminated
949 (F) A format must be terminated by a line with a solitary dot. Perl got
950 to the end of your file without finding such a line.
952 =item Found = in conditional, should be ==
962 (or something like that).
964 =item gdbm store returned %d, errno %d, key "%s"
966 (S) A warning from the GDBM_File extension that a store failed.
968 =item gethostent not implemented
970 (F) Your C library apparently doesn't implement gethostent(), probably
971 because if it did, it'd feel morally obligated to return every hostname
974 =item get{sock,peer}name() on closed fd
976 (W) You tried to get a socket or peer socket name on a closed socket.
977 Did you forget to check the return value of your socket() call?
979 =item getpwnam returned invalid UIC %#o for user "%s"
981 (S) A warning peculiar to VMS. The call to C<sys$getuai> underlying the
982 C<getpwnam> operator returned an invalid UIC.
985 =item Glob not terminated
987 (F) The lexer saw a left angle bracket in a place where it was expecting
988 a term, so it's looking for the corresponding right angle bracket, and not
989 finding it. Chances are you left some needed parentheses out earlier in
990 the line, and you really meant a "less than".
992 =item Global symbol "%s" requires explicit package name
994 (F) You've said "use strict vars", which indicates that all variables must
995 either be lexically scoped (using "my"), or explicitly qualified to
996 say which package the global variable is in (using "::").
998 =item goto must have label
1000 (F) Unlike with "next" or "last", you're not allowed to goto an
1001 unspecified destination. See L<perlfunc/goto>.
1003 =item Had to create %s unexpectedly
1005 (S) A routine asked for a symbol from a symbol table that ought to have
1006 existed already, but for some reason it didn't, and had to be created on
1007 an emergency basis to prevent a core dump.
1009 =item Hash %%s missing the % in argument %d of %s()
1011 (D) Really old Perl let you omit the % on hash names in some spots. This
1012 is now heavily deprecated.
1014 =item Ill-formed logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter
1016 (W) A warning peculiar to VMS. A logical name was encountered when preparing
1017 to iterate over %ENV which violates the syntactic rules governing logical
1018 names. Since it cannot be translated normally, it is skipped, and will not
1019 appear in %ENV. This may be a benign occurence, as some software packages
1020 might directly modify logical name tables and introduce non-standard names,
1021 or it may indicate that a logical name table has been corrupted.
1023 =item Illegal division by zero
1025 (F) You tried to divide a number by 0. Either something was wrong in your
1026 logic, or you need to put a conditional in to guard against meaningless input.
1028 =item Illegal modulus zero
1030 (F) You tried to divide a number by 0 to get the remainder. Most numbers
1031 don't take to this kindly.
1033 =item Illegal octal digit
1035 (F) You used an 8 or 9 in a octal number.
1037 =item Illegal octal digit ignored
1039 (W) You may have tried to use an 8 or 9 in a octal number. Interpretation
1040 of the octal number stopped before the 8 or 9.
1042 =item Insecure dependency in %s
1044 (F) You tried to do something that the tainting mechanism didn't like.
1045 The tainting mechanism is turned on when you're running setuid or setgid,
1046 or when you specify B<-T> to turn it on explicitly. The tainting mechanism
1047 labels all data that's derived directly or indirectly from the user,
1048 who is considered to be unworthy of your trust. If any such data is
1049 used in a "dangerous" operation, you get this error. See L<perlsec>
1050 for more information.
1052 =item Insecure directory in %s
1054 (F) You can't use system(), exec(), or a piped open in a setuid or setgid
1055 script if C<$ENV{PATH}> contains a directory that is writable by the world.
1060 (F) You can't use system(), exec(), or a piped open in a setuid or
1061 setgid script if C<$ENV{PATH}> is derived from data supplied (or
1062 potentially supplied) by the user. The script must set the path to a
1063 known value, using trustworthy data. See L<perlsec>.
1065 =item Internal inconsistency in tracking vforks
1067 (S) A warning peculiar to VMS. Perl keeps track of the number
1068 of times you've called C<fork> and C<exec>, in order to determine
1069 whether the current call to C<exec> should affect the current
1070 script or a subprocess (see L<perlvms/exec>). Somehow, this count
1071 has become scrambled, so Perl is making a guess and treating
1072 this C<exec> as a request to terminate the Perl script
1073 and execute the specified command.
1075 =item internal disaster in regexp
1077 (P) Something went badly wrong in the regular expression parser.
1079 =item internal urp in regexp at /%s/
1081 (P) Something went badly awry in the regular expression parser.
1083 =item invalid [] range in regexp
1085 (F) The range specified in a character class had a minimum character
1086 greater than the maximum character. See L<perlre>.
1088 =item ioctl is not implemented
1090 (F) Your machine apparently doesn't implement ioctl(), which is pretty
1091 strange for a machine that supports C.
1093 =item junk on end of regexp
1095 (P) The regular expression parser is confused.
1097 =item Label not found for "last %s"
1099 (F) You named a loop to break out of, but you're not currently in a
1100 loop of that name, not even if you count where you were called from.
1101 See L<perlfunc/last>.
1103 =item Label not found for "next %s"
1105 (F) You named a loop to continue, but you're not currently in a loop of
1106 that name, not even if you count where you were called from. See
1109 =item Label not found for "redo %s"
1111 (F) You named a loop to restart, but you're not currently in a loop of
1112 that name, not even if you count where you were called from. See
1115 =item listen() on closed fd
1117 (W) You tried to do a listen on a closed socket. Did you forget to check
1118 the return value of your socket() call? See L<perlfunc/listen>.
1120 =item Literal @%s now requires backslash
1122 (F) It used to be that Perl would try to guess whether you wanted an
1123 array interpolated or a literal @. It did this when the string was
1124 first used at runtime. Now strings are parsed at compile time, and
1125 ambiguous instances of @ must be disambiguated, either by putting a
1126 backslash to indicate a literal, or by declaring (or using) the array
1127 within the program before the string (lexically). (Someday it will simply
1128 assume that an unbackslashed @ interpolates an array.)
1130 =item Method for operation %s not found in package %s during blessing
1132 (F) An attempt was made to specify an entry in an overloading table that
1133 doesn't somehow point to a valid method. See L<overload>.
1135 =item Might be a runaway multi-line %s string starting on line %d
1137 (S) An advisory indicating that the previous error may have been caused
1138 by a missing delimiter on a string or pattern, because it eventually
1139 ended earlier on the current line.
1141 =item Misplaced _ in number
1143 (W) An underline in a decimal constant wasn't on a 3-digit boundary.
1145 =item Missing $ on loop variable
1147 (F) Apparently you've been programming in B<csh> too much. Variables are always
1148 mentioned with the $ in Perl, unlike in the shells, where it can vary from
1149 one line to the next.
1151 =item Missing comma after first argument to %s function
1153 (F) While certain functions allow you to specify a filehandle or an
1154 "indirect object" before the argument list, this ain't one of them.
1156 =item Missing operator before %s?
1158 (S) This is an educated guess made in conjunction with the message "%s
1159 found where operator expected". Often the missing operator is a comma.
1161 =item Missing right bracket
1163 (F) The lexer counted more opening curly brackets (braces) than closing ones.
1164 As a general rule, you'll find it's missing near the place you were last
1167 =item Missing semicolon on previous line?
1169 (S) This is an educated guess made in conjunction with the message "%s
1170 found where operator expected". Don't automatically put a semicolon on
1171 the previous line just because you saw this message.
1173 =item Modification of a read-only value attempted
1175 (F) You tried, directly or indirectly, to change the value of a
1176 constant. You didn't, of course, try "2 = 1", since the compiler
1177 catches that. But an easy way to do the same thing is:
1179 sub mod { $_[0] = 1 }
1182 Another way is to assign to a substr() that's off the end of the string.
1184 =item Modification of non-creatable array value attempted, subscript %d
1186 (F) You tried to make an array value spring into existence, and the
1187 subscript was probably negative, even counting from end of the array
1190 =item Modification of non-creatable hash value attempted, subscript "%s"
1192 (F) You tried to make a hash value spring into existence, and it couldn't
1193 be created for some peculiar reason.
1195 =item Module name must be constant
1197 (F) Only a bare module name is allowed as the first argument to a "use".
1199 =item msg%s not implemented
1201 (F) You don't have System V message IPC on your system.
1203 =item Multidimensional syntax %s not supported
1205 (W) Multidimensional arrays aren't written like C<$foo[1,2,3]>. They're written
1206 like C<$foo[1][2][3]>, as in C.
1208 =item Name "%s::%s" used only once: possible typo
1210 (W) Typographical errors often show up as unique variable names. If you
1211 had a good reason for having a unique name, then just mention it
1212 again somehow to suppress the message (the C<use vars> pragma is
1213 provided for just this purpose).
1215 =item Negative length
1217 (F) You tried to do a read/write/send/recv operation with a buffer length
1218 that is less than 0. This is difficult to imagine.
1220 =item nested *?+ in regexp
1222 (F) You can't quantify a quantifier without intervening parens. So
1223 things like ** or +* or ?* are illegal.
1225 Note, however, that the minimal matching quantifiers, *?, +? and ?? appear
1226 to be nested quantifiers, but aren't. See L<perlre>.
1230 (F) The setuid emulator requires that scripts have a well-formed #! line
1231 even on machines that don't support the #! construct.
1233 =item No %s allowed while running setuid
1235 (F) Certain operations are deemed to be too insecure for a setuid or setgid
1236 script to even be allowed to attempt. Generally speaking there will be
1237 another way to do what you want that is, if not secure, at least securable.
1240 =item No B<-e> allowed in setuid scripts
1242 (F) A setuid script can't be specified by the user.
1244 =item No comma allowed after %s
1246 (F) A list operator that has a filehandle or "indirect object" is not
1247 allowed to have a comma between that and the following arguments.
1248 Otherwise it'd be just another one of the arguments.
1250 =item No command into which to pipe on command line
1252 (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl handles its own command line redirection,
1253 and found a '|' at the end of the command line, so it doesn't know whither you
1254 want to pipe the output from this command.
1256 =item No DB::DB routine defined
1258 (F) The currently executing code was compiled with the B<-d> switch,
1259 but for some reason the perl5db.pl file (or some facsimile thereof)
1260 didn't define a routine to be called at the beginning of each
1261 statement. Which is odd, because the file should have been required
1262 automatically, and should have blown up the require if it didn't parse
1265 =item No dbm on this machine
1267 (P) This is counted as an internal error, because every machine should
1268 supply dbm nowadays, since Perl comes with SDBM. See L<SDBM_File>.
1270 =item No DBsub routine
1272 (F) The currently executing code was compiled with the B<-d> switch,
1273 but for some reason the perl5db.pl file (or some facsimile thereof)
1274 didn't define a DB::sub routine to be called at the beginning of each
1275 ordinary subroutine call.
1277 =item No error file after 2E<gt> or 2E<gt>E<gt> on command line
1279 (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl handles its own command line redirection,
1280 and found a '2E<gt>' or a '2E<gt>E<gt>' on the command line, but can't find
1281 the name of the file to which to write data destined for stderr.
1283 =item No input file after E<lt> on command line
1285 (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl handles its own command line redirection,
1286 and found a 'E<lt>' on the command line, but can't find the name of the file
1287 from which to read data for stdin.
1289 =item No output file after E<gt> on command line
1291 (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl handles its own command line redirection,
1292 and found a lone 'E<gt>' at the end of the command line, so it doesn't know
1293 whither you wanted to redirect stdout.
1295 =item No output file after E<gt> or E<gt>E<gt> on command line
1297 (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl handles its own command line redirection,
1298 and found a 'E<gt>' or a 'E<gt>E<gt>' on the command line, but can't find the
1299 name of the file to which to write data destined for stdout.
1301 =item No Perl script found in input
1303 (F) You called C<perl -x>, but no line was found in the file beginning
1304 with #! and containing the word "perl".
1306 =item No setregid available
1308 (F) Configure didn't find anything resembling the setregid() call for
1311 =item No setreuid available
1313 (F) Configure didn't find anything resembling the setreuid() call for
1316 =item No space allowed after B<-I>
1318 (F) The argument to B<-I> must follow the B<-I> immediately with no
1321 =item No such pipe open
1323 (P) An error peculiar to VMS. The internal routine my_pclose() tried to
1324 close a pipe which hadn't been opened. This should have been caught earlier as
1325 an attempt to close an unopened filehandle.
1327 =item No such signal: SIG%s
1329 (W) You specified a signal name as a subscript to %SIG that was not recognized.
1330 Say C<kill -l> in your shell to see the valid signal names on your system.
1332 =item Not a CODE reference
1334 (F) Perl was trying to evaluate a reference to a code value (that is, a
1335 subroutine), but found a reference to something else instead. You can
1336 use the ref() function to find out what kind of ref it really was.
1337 See also L<perlref>.
1339 =item Not a format reference
1341 (F) I'm not sure how you managed to generate a reference to an anonymous
1342 format, but this indicates you did, and that it didn't exist.
1344 =item Not a GLOB reference
1346 (F) Perl was trying to evaluate a reference to a "typeglob" (that is,
1347 a symbol table entry that looks like C<*foo>), but found a reference to
1348 something else instead. You can use the ref() function to find out
1349 what kind of ref it really was. See L<perlref>.
1351 =item Not a HASH reference
1353 (F) Perl was trying to evaluate a reference to a hash value, but
1354 found a reference to something else instead. You can use the ref()
1355 function to find out what kind of ref it really was. See L<perlref>.
1357 =item Not a perl script
1359 (F) The setuid emulator requires that scripts have a well-formed #! line
1360 even on machines that don't support the #! construct. The line must
1363 =item Not a SCALAR reference
1365 (F) Perl was trying to evaluate a reference to a scalar value, but
1366 found a reference to something else instead. You can use the ref()
1367 function to find out what kind of ref it really was. See L<perlref>.
1369 =item Not a subroutine reference
1371 (F) Perl was trying to evaluate a reference to a code value (that is, a
1372 subroutine), but found a reference to something else instead. You can
1373 use the ref() function to find out what kind of ref it really was.
1374 See also L<perlref>.
1376 =item Not a subroutine reference in %OVERLOAD
1378 (F) An attempt was made to specify an entry in an overloading table that
1379 doesn't somehow point to a valid subroutine. See L<overload>.
1381 =item Not an ARRAY reference
1383 (F) Perl was trying to evaluate a reference to an array value, but
1384 found a reference to something else instead. You can use the ref()
1385 function to find out what kind of ref it really was. See L<perlref>.
1387 =item Not enough arguments for %s
1389 (F) The function requires more arguments than you specified.
1391 =item Not enough format arguments
1393 (W) A format specified more picture fields than the next line supplied.
1396 =item Null filename used
1398 (F) You can't require the null filename, especially since on many machines
1399 that means the current directory! See L<perlfunc/require>.
1401 =item Null picture in formline
1403 (F) The first argument to formline must be a valid format picture
1404 specification. It was found to be empty, which probably means you
1405 supplied it an uninitialized value. See L<perlform>.
1407 =item NULL OP IN RUN
1409 (P) Some internal routine called run() with a null opcode pointer.
1413 (P) An attempt was made to realloc NULL.
1415 =item NULL regexp argument
1417 (P) The internal pattern matching routines blew it bigtime.
1419 =item NULL regexp parameter
1421 (P) The internal pattern matching routines are out of their gourd.
1423 =item Odd number of elements in hash list
1425 (S) You specified an odd number of elements to a hash list, which is odd,
1426 since hash lists come in key/value pairs.
1430 (S) An internal warning that the grammar is screwed up.
1434 (S) An internal warning that the grammar is screwed up.
1436 =item Operation `%s' %s: no method found,
1438 (F) An attempt was made to use an entry in an overloading table that
1439 somehow no longer points to a valid method. See L<overload>.
1441 =item Operator or semicolon missing before %s
1443 (S) You used a variable or subroutine call where the parser was
1444 expecting an operator. The parser has assumed you really meant
1445 to use an operator, but this is highly likely to be incorrect.
1446 For example, if you say "*foo *foo" it will be interpreted as
1447 if you said "*foo * 'foo'".
1449 =item Out of memory for yacc stack
1451 (F) The yacc parser wanted to grow its stack so it could continue parsing,
1452 but realloc() wouldn't give it more memory, virtual or otherwise.
1454 =item Out of memory!
1456 (X|F) The malloc() function returned 0, indicating there was insufficient
1457 remaining memory (or virtual memory) to satisfy the request. Depending
1458 on the way perl was compiled it may use the contents of C<$^M> as an
1459 emergency pool after die()ing with this message. In this case the
1460 error is trappable I<once>.
1462 =item Out of memory during request for %s
1464 (F) The malloc() function returned 0, indicating there was insufficient
1465 remaining memory (or virtual memory) to satisfy the request. However,
1466 the request was judged large enough (compile-time default is 64K), so
1467 a possibility to shut down by trapping this error is granted.
1469 =item Out of memory!
1471 (X|F) The malloc() function returned 0, indicating there was insufficient
1472 remaining memory (or virtual memory) to satisfy the request.
1474 The request was judged to be small, so the possibility to trap it
1475 depends on the way perl was compiled. By default it is not
1476 trappable. However, if compiled for this, Perl may use the contents of
1477 C<$^M> as an emergency pool after die()ing with this message. In this
1478 case the error is trappable I<once>.
1482 (W) A single call to write() produced more lines than can fit on a page.
1485 =item panic: ck_grep
1487 (P) Failed an internal consistency check trying to compile a grep.
1489 =item panic: ck_split
1491 (P) Failed an internal consistency check trying to compile a split.
1493 =item panic: corrupt saved stack index
1495 (P) The savestack was requested to restore more localized values than there
1496 are in the savestack.
1500 (P) We popped the context stack to an eval context, and then discovered
1501 it wasn't an eval context.
1503 =item panic: do_match
1505 (P) The internal pp_match() routine was called with invalid operational data.
1507 =item panic: do_split
1509 (P) Something terrible went wrong in setting up for the split.
1511 =item panic: do_subst
1513 (P) The internal pp_subst() routine was called with invalid operational data.
1515 =item panic: do_trans
1517 (P) The internal do_trans() routine was called with invalid operational data.
1521 (P) We popped the context stack to a context with the specified label,
1522 and then discovered it wasn't a context we know how to do a goto in.
1524 =item panic: INTERPCASEMOD
1526 (P) The lexer got into a bad state at a case modifier.
1528 =item panic: INTERPCONCAT
1530 (P) The lexer got into a bad state parsing a string with brackets.
1534 (P) We popped the context stack to a block context, and then discovered
1535 it wasn't a block context.
1537 =item panic: leave_scope clearsv
1539 (P) A writable lexical variable became readonly somehow within the scope.
1541 =item panic: leave_scope inconsistency
1543 (P) The savestack probably got out of sync. At least, there was an
1544 invalid enum on the top of it.
1548 (P) Something requested a negative number of bytes of malloc.
1550 =item panic: mapstart
1552 (P) The compiler is screwed up with respect to the map() function.
1554 =item panic: null array
1556 (P) One of the internal array routines was passed a null AV pointer.
1558 =item panic: pad_alloc
1560 (P) The compiler got confused about which scratch pad it was allocating
1561 and freeing temporaries and lexicals from.
1563 =item panic: pad_free curpad
1565 (P) The compiler got confused about which scratch pad it was allocating
1566 and freeing temporaries and lexicals from.
1568 =item panic: pad_free po
1570 (P) An invalid scratch pad offset was detected internally.
1572 =item panic: pad_reset curpad
1574 (P) The compiler got confused about which scratch pad it was allocating
1575 and freeing temporaries and lexicals from.
1577 =item panic: pad_sv po
1579 (P) An invalid scratch pad offset was detected internally.
1581 =item panic: pad_swipe curpad
1583 (P) The compiler got confused about which scratch pad it was allocating
1584 and freeing temporaries and lexicals from.
1586 =item panic: pad_swipe po
1588 (P) An invalid scratch pad offset was detected internally.
1590 =item panic: pp_iter
1592 (P) The foreach iterator got called in a non-loop context frame.
1594 =item panic: realloc
1596 (P) Something requested a negative number of bytes of realloc.
1598 =item panic: restartop
1600 (P) Some internal routine requested a goto (or something like it), and
1601 didn't supply the destination.
1605 (P) We popped the context stack to a subroutine or eval context, and
1606 then discovered it wasn't a subroutine or eval context.
1608 =item panic: scan_num
1610 (P) scan_num() got called on something that wasn't a number.
1612 =item panic: sv_insert
1614 (P) The sv_insert() routine was told to remove more string than there
1617 =item panic: top_env
1619 (P) The compiler attempted to do a goto, or something weird like that.
1623 (P) The lexer got into a bad state while processing a case modifier.
1625 =item Parens missing around "%s" list
1627 (W) You said something like
1633 my ($foo, $bar) = @_;
1635 Remember that "my" and "local" bind closer than comma.
1637 =item Perl %3.3f required--this is only version %s, stopped
1639 (F) The module in question uses features of a version of Perl more recent
1640 than the currently running version. How long has it been since you upgraded,
1641 anyway? See L<perlfunc/require>.
1643 =item Permission denied
1645 (F) The setuid emulator in suidperl decided you were up to no good.
1647 =item pid %d not a child
1649 (W) A warning peculiar to VMS. Waitpid() was asked to wait for a process which
1650 isn't a subprocess of the current process. While this is fine from VMS'
1651 perspective, it's probably not what you intended.
1653 =item POSIX getpgrp can't take an argument
1655 (F) Your C compiler uses POSIX getpgrp(), which takes no argument, unlike
1656 the BSD version, which takes a pid.
1658 =item Possible memory corruption: %s overflowed 3rd argument
1660 (F) An ioctl() or fcntl() returned more than Perl was bargaining for.
1661 Perl guesses a reasonable buffer size, but puts a sentinel byte at the
1662 end of the buffer just in case. This sentinel byte got clobbered, and
1663 Perl assumes that memory is now corrupted. See L<perlfunc/ioctl>.
1665 =item Precedence problem: open %s should be open(%s)
1667 (S) The old irregular construct
1671 is now misinterpreted as
1675 because of the strict regularization of Perl 5's grammar into unary and
1676 list operators. (The old open was a little of both.) You must put
1677 parens around the filehandle, or use the new "or" operator instead of "||".
1679 =item print on closed filehandle %s
1681 (W) The filehandle you're printing on got itself closed sometime before now.
1682 Check your logic flow.
1684 =item printf on closed filehandle %s
1686 (W) The filehandle you're writing to got itself closed sometime before now.
1687 Check your logic flow.
1689 =item Probable precedence problem on %s
1691 (W) The compiler found a bare word where it expected a conditional,
1692 which often indicates that an || or && was parsed as part of the
1693 last argument of the previous construct, for example:
1697 =item Prototype mismatch: (%s) vs (%s)
1699 (S) The subroutine being defined had a predeclared (forward) declaration
1700 with a different function prototype.
1702 =item Read on closed filehandle E<lt>%sE<gt>
1704 (W) The filehandle you're reading from got itself closed sometime before now.
1705 Check your logic flow.
1707 =item Reallocation too large: %lx
1709 (F) You can't allocate more than 64K on an MSDOS machine.
1711 =item Recompile perl with B<-D>DEBUGGING to use B<-D> switch
1713 (F) You can't use the B<-D> option unless the code to produce the
1714 desired output is compiled into Perl, which entails some overhead,
1715 which is why it's currently left out of your copy.
1717 =item Recursive inheritance detected
1719 (F) More than 100 levels of inheritance were used. Probably indicates
1720 an unintended loop in your inheritance hierarchy.
1722 =item Reference miscount in sv_replace()
1724 (W) The internal sv_replace() function was handed a new SV with a
1725 reference count of other than 1.
1727 =item regexp memory corruption
1729 (P) The regular expression engine got confused by what the regular
1730 expression compiler gave it.
1732 =item regexp out of space
1734 (P) A "can't happen" error, because safemalloc() should have caught it earlier.
1736 =item regexp too big
1738 (F) The current implementation of regular expressions uses shorts as
1739 address offsets within a string. Unfortunately this means that if
1740 the regular expression compiles to longer than 32767, it'll blow up.
1741 Usually when you want a regular expression this big, there is a better
1742 way to do it with multiple statements. See L<perlre>.
1744 =item Reversed %s= operator
1746 (W) You wrote your assignment operator backwards. The = must always
1747 comes last, to avoid ambiguity with subsequent unary operators.
1749 =item Runaway format
1751 (F) Your format contained the ~~ repeat-until-blank sequence, but it
1752 produced 200 lines at once, and the 200th line looked exactly like the
1753 199th line. Apparently you didn't arrange for the arguments to exhaust
1754 themselves, either by using ^ instead of @ (for scalar variables), or by
1755 shifting or popping (for array variables). See L<perlform>.
1757 =item Scalar value @%s[%s] better written as $%s[%s]
1759 (W) You've used an array slice (indicated by @) to select a single value of
1760 an array. Generally it's better to ask for a scalar value (indicated by $).
1761 The difference is that C<$foo[&bar]> always behaves like a scalar, both when
1762 assigning to it and when evaluating its argument, while C<@foo[&bar]> behaves
1763 like a list when you assign to it, and provides a list context to its
1764 subscript, which can do weird things if you're only expecting one subscript.
1766 On the other hand, if you were actually hoping to treat the array
1767 element as a list, you need to look into how references work, since
1768 Perl will not magically convert between scalars and lists for you. See
1771 =item Script is not setuid/setgid in suidperl
1773 (F) Oddly, the suidperl program was invoked on a script with its setuid
1774 or setgid bit not set. This doesn't make much sense.
1776 =item Search pattern not terminated
1778 (F) The lexer couldn't find the final delimiter of a // or m{}
1779 construct. Remember that bracketing delimiters count nesting level.
1781 =item seek() on unopened file
1783 (W) You tried to use the seek() function on a filehandle that was either
1784 never opened or has been closed since.
1786 =item select not implemented
1788 (F) This machine doesn't implement the select() system call.
1790 =item sem%s not implemented
1792 (F) You don't have System V semaphore IPC on your system.
1794 =item semi-panic: attempt to dup freed string
1796 (S) The internal newSVsv() routine was called to duplicate a scalar
1797 that had previously been marked as free.
1799 =item Semicolon seems to be missing
1801 (W) A nearby syntax error was probably caused by a missing semicolon,
1802 or possibly some other missing operator, such as a comma.
1804 =item Send on closed socket
1806 (W) The filehandle you're sending to got itself closed sometime before now.
1807 Check your logic flow.
1809 =item Sequence (?#... not terminated
1811 (F) A regular expression comment must be terminated by a closing
1812 parenthesis. Embedded parens aren't allowed. See L<perlre>.
1814 =item Sequence (?%s...) not implemented
1816 (F) A proposed regular expression extension has the character reserved
1817 but has not yet been written. See L<perlre>.
1819 =item Sequence (?%s...) not recognized
1821 (F) You used a regular expression extension that doesn't make sense.
1826 Also known as "500 Server error". This is a CGI error, not a Perl
1827 error. You need to make sure your script is executable, is accessible
1828 by the user CGI is running the script under (which is probably not
1829 the user account you tested it under), does not rely on any environment
1830 variables (like PATH) from the user it isn't running under, and isn't
1831 in a location where the CGI server can't find it, basically, more or less.
1833 =item setegid() not implemented
1835 (F) You tried to assign to C<$)>, and your operating system doesn't support
1836 the setegid() system call (or equivalent), or at least Configure didn't
1839 =item seteuid() not implemented
1841 (F) You tried to assign to C<$E<gt>>, and your operating system doesn't support
1842 the seteuid() system call (or equivalent), or at least Configure didn't
1845 =item setrgid() not implemented
1847 (F) You tried to assign to C<$(>, and your operating system doesn't support
1848 the setrgid() system call (or equivalent), or at least Configure didn't
1851 =item setruid() not implemented
1853 (F) You tried to assign to C<$<lt>>, and your operating system doesn't support
1854 the setruid() system call (or equivalent), or at least Configure didn't
1857 =item Setuid/gid script is writable by world
1859 (F) The setuid emulator won't run a script that is writable by the world,
1860 because the world might have written on it already.
1862 =item shm%s not implemented
1864 (F) You don't have System V shared memory IPC on your system.
1866 =item shutdown() on closed fd
1868 (W) You tried to do a shutdown on a closed socket. Seems a bit superfluous.
1870 =item SIG%s handler "%s" not defined.
1872 (W) The signal handler named in %SIG doesn't, in fact, exist. Perhaps you
1873 put it into the wrong package?
1875 =item sort is now a reserved word
1877 (F) An ancient error message that almost nobody ever runs into anymore.
1878 But before sort was a keyword, people sometimes used it as a filehandle.
1880 =item Sort subroutine didn't return a numeric value
1882 (F) A sort comparison routine must return a number. You probably blew
1883 it by not using C<E<lt>=E<gt>> or C<cmp>, or by not using them correctly.
1884 See L<perlfunc/sort>.
1886 =item Sort subroutine didn't return single value
1888 (F) A sort comparison subroutine may not return a list value with more
1889 or less than one element. See L<perlfunc/sort>.
1893 (P) The split was looping infinitely. (Obviously, a split shouldn't iterate
1894 more times than there are characters of input, which is what happened.)
1895 See L<perlfunc/split>.
1897 =item Stat on unopened file E<lt>%sE<gt>
1899 (W) You tried to use the stat() function (or an equivalent file test)
1900 on a filehandle that was either never opened or has been closed since.
1902 =item Statement unlikely to be reached
1904 (W) You did an exec() with some statement after it other than a die().
1905 This is almost always an error, because exec() never returns unless
1906 there was a failure. You probably wanted to use system() instead,
1907 which does return. To suppress this warning, put the exec() in a block
1910 =item Subroutine %s redefined
1912 (W) You redefined a subroutine. To suppress this warning, say
1916 eval "sub name { ... }";
1919 =item Substitution loop
1921 (P) The substitution was looping infinitely. (Obviously, a
1922 substitution shouldn't iterate more times than there are characters of
1923 input, which is what happened.) See the discussion of substitution in
1924 L<perlop/"Quote and Quotelike Operators">.
1926 =item Substitution pattern not terminated
1928 (F) The lexer couldn't find the interior delimiter of a s/// or s{}{}
1929 construct. Remember that bracketing delimiters count nesting level.
1931 =item Substitution replacement not terminated
1933 (F) The lexer couldn't find the final delimiter of a s/// or s{}{}
1934 construct. Remember that bracketing delimiters count nesting level.
1936 =item substr outside of string
1938 (W) You tried to reference a substr() that pointed outside of a string.
1939 That is, the absolute value of the offset was larger than the length of
1940 the string. See L<perlfunc/substr>.
1942 =item suidperl is no longer needed since...
1944 (F) Your Perl was compiled with B<-D>SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW, but a
1945 version of the setuid emulator somehow got run anyway.
1949 (F) Probably means you had a syntax error. Common reasons include:
1951 A keyword is misspelled.
1952 A semicolon is missing.
1954 An opening or closing parenthesis is missing.
1955 An opening or closing brace is missing.
1956 A closing quote is missing.
1958 Often there will be another error message associated with the syntax
1959 error giving more information. (Sometimes it helps to turn on B<-w>.)
1960 The error message itself often tells you where it was in the line when
1961 it decided to give up. Sometimes the actual error is several tokens
1962 before this, since Perl is good at understanding random input.
1963 Occasionally the line number may be misleading, and once in a blue moon
1964 the only way to figure out what's triggering the error is to call
1965 C<perl -c> repeatedly, chopping away half the program each time to see
1966 if the error went away. Sort of the cybernetic version of S<20 questions>.
1968 =item syntax error at line %d: `%s' unexpected
1970 (A) You've accidentally run your script through the Bourne shell
1971 instead of Perl. Check the E<lt>#!E<gt> line, or manually feed your script
1974 =item System V IPC is not implemented on this machine
1976 (F) You tried to do something with a function beginning with "sem", "shm"
1977 or "msg". See L<perlfunc/semctl>, for example.
1979 =item Syswrite on closed filehandle
1981 (W) The filehandle you're writing to got itself closed sometime before now.
1982 Check your logic flow.
1984 =item tell() on unopened file
1986 (W) You tried to use the tell() function on a filehandle that was either
1987 never opened or has been closed since.
1989 =item Test on unopened file E<lt>%sE<gt>
1991 (W) You tried to invoke a file test operator on a filehandle that isn't
1992 open. Check your logic. See also L<perlfunc/-X>.
1994 =item That use of $[ is unsupported
1996 (F) Assignment to C<$[> is now strictly circumscribed, and interpreted as
1997 a compiler directive. You may only say one of
2006 This is to prevent the problem of one module changing the array base
2007 out from under another module inadvertently. See L<perlvar/$[>.
2009 =item The %s function is unimplemented
2011 The function indicated isn't implemented on this architecture, according
2012 to the probings of Configure.
2014 =item The crypt() function is unimplemented due to excessive paranoia.
2016 (F) Configure couldn't find the crypt() function on your machine,
2017 probably because your vendor didn't supply it, probably because they
2018 think the U.S. Government thinks it's a secret, or at least that they
2019 will continue to pretend that it is. And if you quote me on that, I
2022 =item The stat preceding C<-l _> wasn't an lstat
2024 (F) It makes no sense to test the current stat buffer for symbolic linkhood
2025 if the last stat that wrote to the stat buffer already went past
2026 the symlink to get to the real file. Use an actual filename instead.
2028 =item times not implemented
2030 (F) Your version of the C library apparently doesn't do times(). I suspect
2031 you're not running on Unix.
2033 =item Too few args to syscall
2035 (F) There has to be at least one argument to syscall() to specify the
2036 system call to call, silly dilly.
2042 (A) You've accidentally run your script through B<csh> instead
2043 of Perl. Check the E<lt>#!E<gt> line, or manually feed your script
2046 =item Too many args to syscall
2048 (F) Perl only supports a maximum of 14 args to syscall().
2050 =item Too many arguments for %s
2052 (F) The function requires fewer arguments than you specified.
2054 =item trailing \ in regexp
2056 (F) The regular expression ends with an unbackslashed backslash. Backslash
2059 =item Translation pattern not terminated
2061 (F) The lexer couldn't find the interior delimiter of a tr/// or tr[][]
2064 =item Translation replacement not terminated
2066 (F) The lexer couldn't find the final delimiter of a tr/// or tr[][]
2069 =item truncate not implemented
2071 (F) Your machine doesn't implement a file truncation mechanism that
2072 Configure knows about.
2074 =item Type of arg %d to %s must be %s (not %s)
2076 (F) This function requires the argument in that position to be of a
2077 certain type. Arrays must be @NAME or C<@{EXPR}>. Hashes must be
2078 %NAME or C<%{EXPR}>. No implicit dereferencing is allowed--use the
2079 {EXPR} forms as an explicit dereference. See L<perlref>.
2081 =item umask: argument is missing initial 0
2083 (W) A umask of 222 is incorrect. It should be 0222, since octal literals
2084 always start with 0 in Perl, as in C.
2086 =item Unable to create sub named "%s"
2088 (F) You attempted to create or access a subroutine with an illegal name.
2090 =item Unbalanced context: %d more PUSHes than POPs
2092 (W) The exit code detected an internal inconsistency in how many execution
2093 contexts were entered and left.
2095 =item Unbalanced saves: %d more saves than restores
2097 (W) The exit code detected an internal inconsistency in how many
2098 values were temporarily localized.
2100 =item Unbalanced scopes: %d more ENTERs than LEAVEs
2102 (W) The exit code detected an internal inconsistency in how many blocks
2103 were entered and left.
2105 =item Unbalanced tmps: %d more allocs than frees
2107 (W) The exit code detected an internal inconsistency in how many mortal
2108 scalars were allocated and freed.
2110 =item Undefined format "%s" called
2112 (F) The format indicated doesn't seem to exist. Perhaps it's really in
2113 another package? See L<perlform>.
2115 =item Undefined sort subroutine "%s" called
2117 (F) The sort comparison routine specified doesn't seem to exist. Perhaps
2118 it's in a different package? See L<perlfunc/sort>.
2120 =item Undefined subroutine &%s called
2122 (F) The subroutine indicated hasn't been defined, or if it was, it
2123 has since been undefined.
2125 =item Undefined subroutine called
2127 (F) The anonymous subroutine you're trying to call hasn't been defined,
2128 or if it was, it has since been undefined.
2130 =item Undefined subroutine in sort
2132 (F) The sort comparison routine specified is declared but doesn't seem to
2133 have been defined yet. See L<perlfunc/sort>.
2135 =item Undefined top format "%s" called
2137 (F) The format indicated doesn't seem to exist. Perhaps it's really in
2138 another package? See L<perlform>.
2140 =item unexec of %s into %s failed!
2142 (F) The unexec() routine failed for some reason. See your local FSF
2143 representative, who probably put it there in the first place.
2145 =item Unknown BYTEORDER
2147 (F) There are no byteswapping functions for a machine with this byte order.
2149 =item unmatched () in regexp
2151 (F) Unbackslashed parentheses must always be balanced in regular
2152 expressions. If you're a vi user, the % key is valuable for finding
2153 the matching paren. See L<perlre>.
2155 =item Unmatched right bracket
2157 (F) The lexer counted more closing curly brackets (braces) than opening
2158 ones, so you're probably missing an opening bracket. As a general
2159 rule, you'll find the missing one (so to speak) near the place you were
2162 =item unmatched [] in regexp
2164 (F) The brackets around a character class must match. If you wish to
2165 include a closing bracket in a character class, backslash it or put it first.
2168 =item Unquoted string "%s" may clash with future reserved word
2170 (W) You used a bare word that might someday be claimed as a reserved word.
2171 It's best to put such a word in quotes, or capitalize it somehow, or insert
2172 an underbar into it. You might also declare it as a subroutine.
2174 =item Unrecognized character \%03o ignored
2176 (S) A garbage character was found in the input, and ignored, in case it's
2177 a weird control character on an EBCDIC machine, or some such.
2179 =item Unrecognized signal name "%s"
2181 (F) You specified a signal name to the kill() function that was not recognized.
2182 Say C<kill -l> in your shell to see the valid signal names on your system.
2184 =item Unrecognized switch: -%s
2186 (F) You specified an illegal option to Perl. Don't do that.
2187 (If you think you didn't do that, check the #! line to see if it's
2188 supplying the bad switch on your behalf.)
2190 =item Unsuccessful %s on filename containing newline
2192 (W) A file operation was attempted on a filename, and that operation
2193 failed, PROBABLY because the filename contained a newline, PROBABLY
2194 because you forgot to chop() or chomp() it off. See L<perlfunc/chop>.
2196 =item Unsupported directory function "%s" called
2198 (F) Your machine doesn't support opendir() and readdir().
2200 =item Unsupported function %s
2202 (F) This machines doesn't implement the indicated function, apparently.
2203 At least, Configure doesn't think so.
2205 =item Unsupported socket function "%s" called
2207 (F) Your machine doesn't support the Berkeley socket mechanism, or at
2208 least that's what Configure thought.
2210 =item Unterminated E<lt>E<gt> operator
2212 (F) The lexer saw a left angle bracket in a place where it was expecting
2213 a term, so it's looking for the corresponding right angle bracket, and not
2214 finding it. Chances are you left some needed parentheses out earlier in
2215 the line, and you really meant a "less than".
2217 =item Use of $# is deprecated
2219 (D) This was an ill-advised attempt to emulate a poorly defined B<awk> feature.
2220 Use an explicit printf() or sprintf() instead.
2222 =item Use of $* is deprecated
2224 (D) This variable magically turned on multiline pattern matching, both for
2225 you and for any luckless subroutine that you happen to call. You should
2226 use the new C<//m> and C<//s> modifiers now to do that without the dangerous
2227 action-at-a-distance effects of C<$*>.
2229 =item Use of %s in printf format not supported
2231 (F) You attempted to use a feature of printf that is accessible only
2232 from C. This usually means there's a better way to do it in Perl.
2234 =item Use of %s is deprecated
2236 (D) The construct indicated is no longer recommended for use, generally
2237 because there's a better way to do it, and also because the old way has
2240 =item Use of bare E<lt>E<lt> to mean E<lt>E<lt>"" is deprecated
2242 (D) You are now encouraged to use the explicitly quoted form if you
2243 wish to use a blank line as the terminator of the here-document.
2245 =item Use of implicit split to @_ is deprecated
2247 (D) It makes a lot of work for the compiler when you clobber a
2248 subroutine's argument list, so it's better if you assign the results of
2249 a split() explicitly to an array (or list).
2251 =item Use of uninitialized value
2253 (W) An undefined value was used as if it were already defined. It was
2254 interpreted as a "" or a 0, but maybe it was a mistake. To suppress this
2255 warning assign an initial value to your variables.
2257 =item Useless use of %s in void context
2259 (W) You did something without a side effect in a context that does nothing
2260 with the return value, such as a statement that doesn't return a value
2261 from a block, or the left side of a scalar comma operator. Very often
2262 this points not to stupidity on your part, but a failure of Perl to parse
2263 your program the way you thought it would. For example, you'd get this
2264 if you mixed up your C precedence with Python precedence and said
2268 when you meant to say
2270 ($one, $two) = (1, 2);
2272 Another common error is to use ordinary parentheses to construct a list
2273 reference when you should be using square or curly brackets, for
2278 when you should have said
2282 The square brackets explicitly turn a list value into a scalar value,
2283 while parentheses do not. So when a parenthesized list is evaluated in
2284 a scalar context, the comma is treated like C's comma operator, which
2285 throws away the left argument, which is not what you want. See
2286 L<perlref> for more on this.
2288 =item untie attempted while %d inner references still exist
2290 (W) A copy of the object returned from C<tie> (or C<tied>) was still
2291 valid when C<untie> was called.
2293 =item Variable "%s" is not exported
2295 (F) While "use strict" in effect, you referred to a global variable
2296 that you apparently thought was imported from another module, because
2297 something else of the same name (usually a subroutine) is exported
2298 by that module. It usually means you put the wrong funny character
2299 on the front of your variable.
2301 =item Variable syntax.
2303 (A) You've accidentally run your script through B<csh> instead
2304 of Perl. Check the E<lt>#!E<gt> line, or manually feed your script
2307 =item Warning: unable to close filehandle %s properly.
2309 (S) The implicit close() done by an open() got an error indication on the
2310 close(). This usually indicates your filesystem ran out of disk space.
2312 =item Warning: Use of "%s" without parens is ambiguous
2314 (S) You wrote a unary operator followed by something that looks like a
2315 binary operator that could also have been interpreted as a term or
2316 unary operator. For instance, if you know that the rand function
2317 has a default argument of 1.0, and you write
2321 you may THINK you wrote the same thing as
2325 but in actual fact, you got
2329 So put in parens to say what you really mean.
2331 =item Write on closed filehandle
2333 (W) The filehandle you're writing to got itself closed sometime before now.
2334 Check your logic flow.
2336 =item X outside of string
2338 (F) You had a pack template that specified a relative position before
2339 the beginning of the string being unpacked. See L<perlfunc/pack>.
2341 =item x outside of string
2343 (F) You had a pack template that specified a relative position after
2344 the end of the string being unpacked. See L<perlfunc/pack>.
2346 =item Xsub "%s" called in sort
2348 (F) The use of an external subroutine as a sort comparison is not yet supported.
2350 =item Xsub called in sort
2352 (F) The use of an external subroutine as a sort comparison is not yet supported.
2354 =item You can't use C<-l> on a filehandle
2356 (F) A filehandle represents an opened file, and when you opened the file it
2357 already went past any symlink you are presumably trying to look for.
2358 Use a filename instead.
2360 =item YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET!
2362 (F) And you probably never will, since you probably don't have the
2363 sources to your kernel, and your vendor probably doesn't give a rip
2364 about what you want. Your best bet is to use the wrapsuid script in
2365 the eg directory to put a setuid C wrapper around your script.
2367 =item You need to quote "%s"
2369 (W) You assigned a bareword as a signal handler name. Unfortunately, you
2370 already have a subroutine of that name declared, which means that Perl 5
2371 will try to call the subroutine when the assignment is executed, which is
2372 probably not what you want. (If it IS what you want, put an & in front.)
2374 =item [gs]etsockopt() on closed fd
2376 (W) You tried to get or set a socket option on a closed socket.
2377 Did you forget to check the return value of your socket() call?
2378 See L<perlfunc/getsockopt>.
2380 =item \1 better written as $1
2382 (W) Outside of patterns, backreferences live on as variables. The use
2383 of backslashes is grandfathered on the righthand side of a
2384 substitution, but stylistically it's better to use the variable form
2385 because other Perl programmers will expect it, and it works better
2386 if there are more than 9 backreferences.
2388 =item '|' and 'E<lt>' may not both be specified on command line
2390 (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl does its own command line redirection, and
2391 found that STDIN was a pipe, and that you also tried to redirect STDIN using
2392 'E<lt>'. Only one STDIN stream to a customer, please.
2394 =item '|' and 'E<gt>' may not both be specified on command line
2396 (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl does its own command line redirection, and
2397 thinks you tried to redirect stdout both to a file and into a pipe to another
2398 command. You need to choose one or the other, though nothing's stopping you
2399 from piping into a program or Perl script which 'splits' output into two
2402 open(OUT,">$ARGV[0]") or die "Can't write to $ARGV[0]: $!";
2409 =item Got an error from DosAllocMem:
2411 (P) An error peculiar to OS/2. Most probably you use an obsolete version
2412 of perl, and should not happen anyway.
2414 =item Malformed PERLLIB_PREFIX
2416 (F) An error peculiar to OS/2. PERLLIB_PREFIX should be of the form
2424 with non-empty prefix1 and prefix2. If C<prefix1> is indeed a prefix of
2425 a builtin library search path, prefix2 is substituted. The error may appear
2426 if components are not found, or are too long. See L<perlos2/"PERLLIB_PREFIX">.
2428 =item PERL_SH_DIR too long
2430 (F) An error peculiar to OS/2. PERL_SH_DIR is the directory to find the
2431 C<sh>-shell in. See L<perlos2/"PERL_SH_DIR">.
2433 =item Process terminated by SIG%s
2435 (W) This is a standard message issued by OS/2 applications, while *nix
2436 applications die in silence. It is considered a feature of the OS/2
2437 port. One can easily disable this by appropriate sighandlers, see
2438 L<perlipc/"Signals">. See L<perlos2/"Process terminated by SIGTERM/SIGINT">.