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Integrate mainperl.
[perl5.git] / os2 / os2.c
index fa41298..19b9f59 100644 (file)
--- a/os2/os2.c
+++ b/os2/os2.c
@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
 #define INCL_DOS
 #define INCL_NOPM
+#define INCL_DOSFILEMGR
+#define INCL_DOSMEMMGR
+#define INCL_DOSERRORS
 #include <os2.h>
 
 /*
 #include <errno.h>
 #include <limits.h>
 #include <process.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
 
 #include "EXTERN.h"
 #include "perl.h"
 
+#ifdef USE_THREADS
+
+typedef void (*emx_startroutine)(void *);
+typedef void* (*pthreads_startroutine)(void *);
+
+enum pthreads_state {
+    pthreads_st_none = 0, 
+    pthreads_st_run,
+    pthreads_st_exited, 
+    pthreads_st_detached, 
+    pthreads_st_waited,
+};
+const char *pthreads_states[] = {
+    "uninit",
+    "running",
+    "exited",
+    "detached",
+    "waited for",
+};
+
+typedef struct {
+    void *status;
+    perl_cond cond;
+    enum pthreads_state state;
+} thread_join_t;
+
+thread_join_t *thread_join_data;
+int thread_join_count;
+perl_mutex start_thread_mutex;
+
+int
+pthread_join(perl_os_thread tid, void **status)
+{
+    MUTEX_LOCK(&start_thread_mutex);
+    switch (thread_join_data[tid].state) {
+    case pthreads_st_exited:
+       thread_join_data[tid].state = pthreads_st_none; /* Ready to reuse */
+       MUTEX_UNLOCK(&start_thread_mutex);
+       *status = thread_join_data[tid].status;
+       break;
+    case pthreads_st_waited:
+       MUTEX_UNLOCK(&start_thread_mutex);
+       croak("join with a thread with a waiter");
+       break;
+    case pthreads_st_run:
+       thread_join_data[tid].state = pthreads_st_waited;
+       COND_INIT(&thread_join_data[tid].cond);
+       MUTEX_UNLOCK(&start_thread_mutex);
+       COND_WAIT(&thread_join_data[tid].cond, NULL);    
+       COND_DESTROY(&thread_join_data[tid].cond);
+       thread_join_data[tid].state = pthreads_st_none; /* Ready to reuse */
+       *status = thread_join_data[tid].status;
+       break;
+    default:
+       MUTEX_UNLOCK(&start_thread_mutex);
+       croak("join: unknown thread state: '%s'", 
+             pthreads_states[thread_join_data[tid].state]);
+       break;
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+void
+pthread_startit(void *arg)
+{
+    /* Thread is already started, we need to transfer control only */
+    pthreads_startroutine start_routine = *((pthreads_startroutine*)arg);
+    int tid = pthread_self();
+    void *retval;
+    
+    arg = ((void**)arg)[1];
+    if (tid >= thread_join_count) {
+       int oc = thread_join_count;
+       
+       thread_join_count = tid + 5 + tid/5;
+       if (thread_join_data) {
+           Renew(thread_join_data, thread_join_count, thread_join_t);
+           Zero(thread_join_data + oc, thread_join_count - oc, thread_join_t);
+       } else {
+           Newz(1323, thread_join_data, thread_join_count, thread_join_t);
+       }
+    }
+    if (thread_join_data[tid].state != pthreads_st_none)
+       croak("attempt to reuse thread id %i", tid);
+    thread_join_data[tid].state = pthreads_st_run;
+    /* Now that we copied/updated the guys, we may release the caller... */
+    MUTEX_UNLOCK(&start_thread_mutex);
+    thread_join_data[tid].status = (*start_routine)(arg);
+    switch (thread_join_data[tid].state) {
+    case pthreads_st_waited:
+       COND_SIGNAL(&thread_join_data[tid].cond);    
+       break;
+    default:
+       thread_join_data[tid].state = pthreads_st_exited;
+       break;
+    }
+}
+
+int
+pthread_create(perl_os_thread *tid, const pthread_attr_t *attr, 
+              void *(*start_routine)(void*), void *arg)
+{
+    void *args[2];
+
+    args[0] = (void*)start_routine;
+    args[1] = arg;
+
+    MUTEX_LOCK(&start_thread_mutex);
+    *tid = _beginthread(pthread_startit, /*stack*/ NULL, 
+                       /*stacksize*/ 10*1024*1024, (void*)args);
+    MUTEX_LOCK(&start_thread_mutex);
+    MUTEX_UNLOCK(&start_thread_mutex);
+    return *tid ? 0 : EINVAL;
+}
+
+int 
+pthread_detach(perl_os_thread tid)
+{
+    MUTEX_LOCK(&start_thread_mutex);
+    switch (thread_join_data[tid].state) {
+    case pthreads_st_waited:
+       MUTEX_UNLOCK(&start_thread_mutex);
+       croak("detach on a thread with a waiter");
+       break;
+    case pthreads_st_run:
+       thread_join_data[tid].state = pthreads_st_detached;
+       MUTEX_UNLOCK(&start_thread_mutex);
+       break;
+    default:
+       MUTEX_UNLOCK(&start_thread_mutex);
+       croak("detach: unknown thread state: '%s'", 
+             pthreads_states[thread_join_data[tid].state]);
+       break;
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+/* This is a very bastardized version: */
+int
+os2_cond_wait(perl_cond *c, perl_mutex *m)
+{                                              
+    int rc;
+    if ((rc = DosResetEventSem(*c,&PL_na)) && (rc != ERROR_ALREADY_RESET))
+       croak("panic: COND_WAIT-reset: rc=%i", rc);             
+    if (m) MUTEX_UNLOCK(m);                                    
+    if (CheckOSError(DosWaitEventSem(*c,SEM_INDEFINITE_WAIT))
+       && (rc != ERROR_INTERRUPT))
+       croak("panic: COND_WAIT: rc=%i", rc);           
+    if (rc == ERROR_INTERRUPT)
+       errno = EINTR;
+    if (m) MUTEX_LOCK(m);                                      
+} 
+#endif 
+
 /*****************************************************************************/
+/* 2.1 would not resolve symbols on demand, and has no ExtLIBPATH. */
+static PFN ExtFCN[2];                  /* Labeled by ord below. */
+static USHORT loadOrd[2] = { 874, 873 }; /* Query=874, Set=873. */
+#define ORD_QUERY_ELP  0
+#define ORD_SET_ELP    1
+
+APIRET
+loadByOrd(ULONG ord)
+{
+    if (ExtFCN[ord] == NULL) {
+       static HMODULE hdosc = 0;
+       BYTE buf[20];
+       PFN fcn;
+       APIRET rc;
+
+       if ((!hdosc && CheckOSError(DosLoadModule(buf, sizeof buf, 
+                                                 "doscalls", &hdosc)))
+           || CheckOSError(DosQueryProcAddr(hdosc, loadOrd[ord], NULL, &fcn)))
+           die("This version of OS/2 does not support doscalls.%i", 
+               loadOrd[ord]);
+       ExtFCN[ord] = fcn;
+    } 
+    if ((long)ExtFCN[ord] == -1) die("panic queryaddr");
+}
+
 /* priorities */
+static signed char priors[] = {0, 1, 3, 2}; /* Last two interchanged,
+                                              self inverse. */
+#define QSS_INI_BUFFER 1024
+
+PQTOPLEVEL
+get_sysinfo(ULONG pid, ULONG flags)
+{
+    char *pbuffer;
+    ULONG rc, buf_len = QSS_INI_BUFFER;
+
+    New(1322, pbuffer, buf_len, char);
+    /* QSS_PROCESS | QSS_MODULE | QSS_SEMAPHORES | QSS_SHARED */
+    rc = QuerySysState(flags, pid, pbuffer, buf_len);
+    while (rc == ERROR_BUFFER_OVERFLOW) {
+       Renew(pbuffer, buf_len *= 2, char);
+       rc = QuerySysState(flags, pid, pbuffer, buf_len);
+    }
+    if (rc) {
+       FillOSError(rc);
+       Safefree(pbuffer);
+       return 0;
+    }
+    return (PQTOPLEVEL)pbuffer;
+}
 
-int setpriority(int which, int pid, int val)
+#define PRIO_ERR 0x1111
+
+static ULONG
+sys_prio(pid)
 {
-  return DosSetPriority((pid < 0) ? PRTYS_PROCESSTREE : PRTYS_PROCESS,
-                       val >> 8, val & 0xFF, abs(pid));
+  ULONG prio;
+  PQTOPLEVEL psi;
+
+  psi = get_sysinfo(pid, QSS_PROCESS);
+  if (!psi) {
+      return PRIO_ERR;
+  }
+  if (pid != psi->procdata->pid) {
+      Safefree(psi);
+      croak("panic: wrong pid in sysinfo");
+  }
+  prio = psi->procdata->threads->priority;
+  Safefree(psi);
+  return prio;
 }
 
-int getpriority(int which /* ignored */, int pid)
+int 
+setpriority(int which, int pid, int val)
+{
+  ULONG rc, prio;
+  PQTOPLEVEL psi;
+
+  prio = sys_prio(pid);
+
+  if (!(_emx_env & 0x200)) return 0; /* Nop if not OS/2. */
+  if (priors[(32 - val) >> 5] + 1 == (prio >> 8)) {
+      /* Do not change class. */
+      return CheckOSError(DosSetPriority((pid < 0) 
+                                        ? PRTYS_PROCESSTREE : PRTYS_PROCESS,
+                                        0, 
+                                        (32 - val) % 32 - (prio & 0xFF), 
+                                        abs(pid)))
+      ? -1 : 0;
+  } else /* if ((32 - val) % 32 == (prio & 0xFF)) */ {
+      /* Documentation claims one can change both class and basevalue,
+       * but I find it wrong. */
+      /* Change class, but since delta == 0 denotes absolute 0, correct. */
+      if (CheckOSError(DosSetPriority((pid < 0) 
+                                     ? PRTYS_PROCESSTREE : PRTYS_PROCESS,
+                                     priors[(32 - val) >> 5] + 1, 
+                                     0, 
+                                     abs(pid)))) 
+         return -1;
+      if ( ((32 - val) % 32) == 0 ) return 0;
+      return CheckOSError(DosSetPriority((pid < 0) 
+                                        ? PRTYS_PROCESSTREE : PRTYS_PROCESS,
+                                        0, 
+                                        (32 - val) % 32, 
+                                        abs(pid)))
+         ? -1 : 0;
+  } 
+/*   else return CheckOSError(DosSetPriority((pid < 0)  */
+/*                                       ? PRTYS_PROCESSTREE : PRTYS_PROCESS, */
+/*                                       priors[(32 - val) >> 5] + 1,  */
+/*                                       (32 - val) % 32 - (prio & 0xFF),  */
+/*                                       abs(pid))) */
+/*       ? -1 : 0; */
+}
+
+int 
+getpriority(int which /* ignored */, int pid)
 {
   TIB *tib;
   PIB *pib;
-  DosGetInfoBlocks(&tib, &pib);
-  return tib->tib_ptib2->tib2_ulpri;
+  ULONG rc, ret;
+
+  if (!(_emx_env & 0x200)) return 0; /* Nop if not OS/2. */
+  /* DosGetInfoBlocks has old priority! */
+/*   if (CheckOSError(DosGetInfoBlocks(&tib, &pib))) return -1; */
+/*   if (pid != pib->pib_ulpid) { */
+  ret = sys_prio(pid);
+  if (ret == PRIO_ERR) {
+      return -1;
+  }
+/*   } else */
+/*       ret = tib->tib_ptib2->tib2_ulpri; */
+  return (1 - priors[((ret >> 8) - 1)])*32 - (ret & 0xFF);
 }
 
 /*****************************************************************************/
 /* spawn */
 
+/* There is no big sense to make it thread-specific, since signals 
+   are delivered to thread 1 only.  XXXX Maybe make it into an array? */
+static int spawn_pid;
+static int spawn_killed;
+
+static Signal_t
+spawn_sighandler(int sig)
+{
+    /* Some programs do not arrange for the keyboard signals to be
+       delivered to them.  We need to deliver the signal manually. */
+    /* We may get a signal only if 
+       a) kid does not receive keyboard signal: deliver it;
+       b) kid already died, and we get a signal.  We may only hope
+          that the pid number was not reused.
+     */
+    
+    if (spawn_killed) 
+       sig = SIGKILL;                  /* Try harder. */
+    kill(spawn_pid, sig);
+    spawn_killed = 1;
+}
+
 static int
 result(int flag, int pid)
 {
        int r, status;
        Signal_t (*ihand)();     /* place to save signal during system() */
        Signal_t (*qhand)();     /* place to save signal during system() */
+#ifndef __EMX__
+       RESULTCODES res;
+       int rpid;
+#endif
 
        if (pid < 0 || flag != 0)
                return pid;
 
-       ihand = signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
-       qhand = signal(SIGQUIT, SIG_IGN);
-       r = waitpid(pid, &status, 0);
-       signal(SIGINT, ihand);
-       signal(SIGQUIT, qhand);
+#ifdef __EMX__
+       spawn_pid = pid;
+       spawn_killed = 0;
+       ihand = rsignal(SIGINT, &spawn_sighandler);
+       qhand = rsignal(SIGQUIT, &spawn_sighandler);
+       do {
+           r = wait4pid(pid, &status, 0);
+       } while (r == -1 && errno == EINTR);
+       rsignal(SIGINT, ihand);
+       rsignal(SIGQUIT, qhand);
 
-       statusvalue = (U16)status;
+       PL_statusvalue = (U16)status;
        if (r < 0)
                return -1;
        return status & 0xFFFF;
+#else
+       ihand = rsignal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
+       r = DosWaitChild(DCWA_PROCESS, DCWW_WAIT, &res, &rpid, pid);
+       rsignal(SIGINT, ihand);
+       PL_statusvalue = res.codeResult << 8 | res.codeTerminate;
+       if (r)
+               return -1;
+       return PL_statusvalue;
+#endif
+}
+
+#define EXECF_SPAWN 0
+#define EXECF_EXEC 1
+#define EXECF_TRUEEXEC 2
+#define EXECF_SPAWN_NOWAIT 3
+
+/* const char* const ptypes[] = { "FS", "DOS", "VIO", "PM", "DETACH" }; */
+
+static int
+my_type()
+{
+    int rc;
+    TIB *tib;
+    PIB *pib;
+    
+    if (!(_emx_env & 0x200)) return 1; /* not OS/2. */
+    if (CheckOSError(DosGetInfoBlocks(&tib, &pib))) 
+       return -1; 
+    
+    return (pib->pib_ultype);
+}
+
+static ULONG
+file_type(char *path)
+{
+    int rc;
+    ULONG apptype;
+    
+    if (!(_emx_env & 0x200)) 
+       croak("file_type not implemented on DOS"); /* not OS/2. */
+    if (CheckOSError(DosQueryAppType(path, &apptype))) {
+       switch (rc) {
+       case ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND:
+       case ERROR_PATH_NOT_FOUND:
+           return -1;
+       case ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED:       /* Directory with this name found? */
+           return -3;
+       default:                        /* Found, but not an
+                                          executable, or some other
+                                          read error. */
+           return -2;
+       }
+    }    
+    return apptype;
+}
+
+static ULONG os2_mytype;
+
+/* Spawn/exec a program, revert to shell if needed. */
+/* global PL_Argv[] contains arguments. */
+
+int
+do_spawn_ve(really, flag, execf, inicmd)
+SV *really;
+U32 flag;
+U32 execf;
+char *inicmd;
+{
+    dTHR;
+       int trueflag = flag;
+       int rc, pass = 1;
+       char *tmps;
+       char buf[256], *s = 0, scrbuf[280];
+       char *args[4];
+       static char * fargs[4] 
+           = { "/bin/sh", "-c", "\"$@\"", "spawn-via-shell", };
+       char **argsp = fargs;
+       char nargs = 4;
+       int force_shell;
+       
+       if (flag == P_WAIT)
+               flag = P_NOWAIT;
+
+      retry:
+       if (strEQ(PL_Argv[0],"/bin/sh")) 
+           PL_Argv[0] = PL_sh_path;
+
+       if (PL_Argv[0][0] != '/' && PL_Argv[0][0] != '\\'
+           && !(PL_Argv[0][0] && PL_Argv[0][1] == ':' 
+                && (PL_Argv[0][2] == '/' || PL_Argv[0][2] != '\\'))
+           ) /* will spawnvp use PATH? */
+           TAINT_ENV();        /* testing IFS here is overkill, probably */
+       /* We should check PERL_SH* and PERLLIB_* as well? */
+       if (!really || !*(tmps = SvPV(really, PL_na)))
+           tmps = PL_Argv[0];
+
+      reread:
+       force_shell = 0;
+       if (_emx_env & 0x200) { /* OS/2. */ 
+           int type = file_type(tmps);
+         type_again:
+           if (type == -1) {           /* Not found */
+               errno = ENOENT;
+               rc = -1;
+               goto do_script;
+           }
+           else if (type == -2) {              /* Not an EXE */
+               errno = ENOEXEC;
+               rc = -1;
+               goto do_script;
+           }
+           else if (type == -3) {              /* Is a directory? */
+               /* Special-case this */
+               char tbuf[512];
+               int l = strlen(tmps);
+
+               if (l + 5 <= sizeof tbuf) {
+                   strcpy(tbuf, tmps);
+                   strcpy(tbuf + l, ".exe");
+                   type = file_type(tbuf);
+                   if (type >= -3)
+                       goto type_again;
+               }
+               
+               errno = ENOEXEC;
+               rc = -1;
+               goto do_script;
+           }
+           switch (type & 7) {
+               /* Ignore WINDOWCOMPAT and FAPI, start them the same type we are. */
+           case FAPPTYP_WINDOWAPI: 
+           {
+               if (os2_mytype != 3) {  /* not PM */
+                   if (flag == P_NOWAIT)
+                       flag = P_PM;
+                   else if ((flag & 7) != P_PM && (flag & 7) != P_SESSION)
+                       warn("Starting PM process with flag=%d, mytype=%d",
+                            flag, os2_mytype);
+               }
+           }
+           break;
+           case FAPPTYP_NOTWINDOWCOMPAT: 
+           {
+               if (os2_mytype != 0) {  /* not full screen */
+                   if (flag == P_NOWAIT)
+                       flag = P_SESSION;
+                   else if ((flag & 7) != P_SESSION)
+                       warn("Starting Full Screen process with flag=%d, mytype=%d",
+                            flag, os2_mytype);
+               }
+           }
+           break;
+           case FAPPTYP_NOTSPEC: 
+               /* Let the shell handle this... */
+               force_shell = 1;
+               goto doshell_args;
+               break;
+           }
+       }
+
+#if 0
+       rc = result(trueflag, spawnvp(flag,tmps,PL_Argv));
+#else
+       if (execf == EXECF_TRUEEXEC)
+           rc = execvp(tmps,PL_Argv);
+       else if (execf == EXECF_EXEC)
+           rc = spawnvp(trueflag | P_OVERLAY,tmps,PL_Argv);
+       else if (execf == EXECF_SPAWN_NOWAIT)
+           rc = spawnvp(flag,tmps,PL_Argv);
+        else                           /* EXECF_SPAWN */
+           rc = result(trueflag, 
+                       spawnvp(flag,tmps,PL_Argv));
+#endif 
+       if (rc < 0 && pass == 1
+           && (tmps == PL_Argv[0])) { /* Cannot transfer `really' via shell. */
+             do_script:
+           {
+           int err = errno;
+
+           if (err == ENOENT || err == ENOEXEC) {
+               /* No such file, or is a script. */
+               /* Try adding script extensions to the file name, and
+                  search on PATH. */
+               char *scr = find_script(PL_Argv[0], TRUE, NULL, 0);
+               int l = strlen(scr);
+               
+               if (l >= sizeof scrbuf) {
+                  Safefree(scr);
+                longbuf:
+                  croak("Size of scriptname too big: %d", l);
+               }
+               strcpy(scrbuf, scr);
+               Safefree(scr);
+               scr = scrbuf;
+
+               if (scr) {
+                   FILE *file = fopen(scr, "r");
+                   char *s = 0, *s1;
+
+                   PL_Argv[0] = scr;
+                   if (!file)
+                       goto panic_file;
+                   if (!fgets(buf, sizeof buf, file)) { /* Empty... */
+
+                       buf[0] = 0;
+                       fclose(file);
+                       /* Special case: maybe from -Zexe build, so
+                          there is an executable around (contrary to
+                          documentation, DosQueryAppType sometimes (?)
+                          does not append ".exe", so we could have
+                          reached this place). */
+                       if (l + 5 < sizeof scrbuf) {
+                           strcpy(scrbuf + l, ".exe");
+                           if (PerlLIO_stat(scrbuf,&PL_statbuf) >= 0
+                               && !S_ISDIR(PL_statbuf.st_mode)) {
+                               /* Found */
+                               tmps = scr;
+                               pass++;
+                               goto reread;
+                           } else
+                               scrbuf[l] = 0;
+                       } else
+                           goto longbuf;
+                   }
+                   if (fclose(file) != 0) { /* Failure */
+                     panic_file:
+                       warn("Error reading \"%s\": %s", 
+                            scr, Strerror(errno));
+                       buf[0] = 0;     /* Not #! */
+                       goto doshell_args;
+                   }
+                   if (buf[0] == '#') {
+                       if (buf[1] == '!')
+                           s = buf + 2;
+                   } else if (buf[0] == 'e') {
+                       if (strnEQ(buf, "extproc", 7) 
+                           && isSPACE(buf[7]))
+                           s = buf + 8;
+                   } else if (buf[0] == 'E') {
+                       if (strnEQ(buf, "EXTPROC", 7)
+                           && isSPACE(buf[7]))
+                           s = buf + 8;
+                   }
+                   if (!s) {
+                       buf[0] = 0;     /* Not #! */
+                       goto doshell_args;
+                   }
+                   
+                   s1 = s;
+                   nargs = 0;
+                   argsp = args;
+                   while (1) {
+                       /* Do better than pdksh: allow a few args,
+                          strip trailing whitespace.  */
+                       while (isSPACE(*s))
+                           s++;
+                       if (*s == 0) 
+                           break;
+                       if (nargs == 4) {
+                           nargs = -1;
+                           break;
+                       }
+                       args[nargs++] = s;
+                       while (*s && !isSPACE(*s))
+                           s++;
+                       if (*s == 0) 
+                           break;
+                       *s++ = 0;
+                   }
+                   if (nargs == -1) {
+                       warn("Too many args on %.*s line of \"%s\"",
+                            s1 - buf, buf, scr);
+                       nargs = 4;
+                       argsp = fargs;
+                   }
+                 doshell_args:
+                   {
+                       char **a = PL_Argv;
+                       char *exec_args[2];
+
+                       if (force_shell 
+                           || (!buf[0] && file)) { /* File without magic */
+                           /* In fact we tried all what pdksh would
+                              try.  There is no point in calling
+                              pdksh, we may just emulate its logic. */
+                           char *shell = getenv("EXECSHELL");
+                           char *shell_opt = NULL;
+
+                           if (!shell) {
+                               char *s;
+
+                               shell_opt = "/c";
+                               shell = getenv("OS2_SHELL");
+                               if (inicmd) { /* No spaces at start! */
+                                   s = inicmd;
+                                   while (*s && !isSPACE(*s)) {
+                                       if (*s++ = '/') {
+                                           inicmd = NULL; /* Cannot use */
+                                           break;
+                                       }
+                                   }
+                               }
+                               if (!inicmd) {
+                                   s = PL_Argv[0];
+                                   while (*s) { 
+                                       /* Dosish shells will choke on slashes
+                                          in paths, fortunately, this is
+                                          important for zeroth arg only. */
+                                       if (*s == '/') 
+                                           *s = '\\';
+                                       s++;
+                                   }
+                               }
+                           }
+                           /* If EXECSHELL is set, we do not set */
+                           
+                           if (!shell)
+                               shell = ((_emx_env & 0x200)
+                                        ? "c:/os2/cmd.exe"
+                                        : "c:/command.com");
+                           nargs = shell_opt ? 2 : 1;  /* shell file args */
+                           exec_args[0] = shell;
+                           exec_args[1] = shell_opt;
+                           argsp = exec_args;
+                           if (nargs == 2 && inicmd) {
+                               /* Use the original cmd line */
+                               /* XXXX This is good only until we refuse
+                                       quoted arguments... */
+                               PL_Argv[0] = inicmd;
+                               PL_Argv[1] = Nullch;
+                           }
+                       } else if (!buf[0] && inicmd) { /* No file */
+                           /* Start with the original cmdline. */
+                           /* XXXX This is good only until we refuse
+                                   quoted arguments... */
+
+                           PL_Argv[0] = inicmd;
+                           PL_Argv[1] = Nullch;
+                           nargs = 2;  /* shell -c */
+                       } 
+
+                       while (a[1])            /* Get to the end */
+                           a++;
+                       a++;                    /* Copy finil NULL too */
+                       while (a >= PL_Argv) {
+                           *(a + nargs) = *a;  /* PL_Argv was preallocated to be
+                                                  long enough. */
+                           a--;
+                       }
+                       while (nargs-- >= 0)
+                           PL_Argv[nargs] = argsp[nargs];
+                       /* Enable pathless exec if #! (as pdksh). */
+                       pass = (buf[0] == '#' ? 2 : 3);
+                       goto retry;
+                   }
+               }
+               /* Not found: restore errno */
+               errno = err;
+           }
+         }
+       } else if (rc < 0 && pass == 2 && errno == ENOENT) { /* File not found */
+           char *no_dir = strrchr(PL_Argv[0], '/');
+
+           /* Do as pdksh port does: if not found with /, try without
+              path. */
+           if (no_dir) {
+               PL_Argv[0] = no_dir + 1;
+               pass++;
+               goto retry;
+           }
+       }
+       if (rc < 0 && PL_dowarn)
+           warn("Can't %s \"%s\": %s\n", 
+                ((execf != EXECF_EXEC && execf != EXECF_TRUEEXEC) 
+                 ? "spawn" : "exec"),
+                PL_Argv[0], Strerror(errno));
+       if (rc < 0 && (execf != EXECF_SPAWN_NOWAIT) 
+           && ((trueflag & 0xFF) == P_WAIT)) 
+           rc = 255 << 8; /* Emulate the fork(). */
+
+    return rc;
 }
 
+/* Array spawn.  */
 int
 do_aspawn(really,mark,sp)
 SV *really;
 register SV **mark;
 register SV **sp;
 {
+    dTHR;
     register char **a;
-    char *tmps;
+    char *tmps = NULL;
     int rc;
-    int flag = P_WAIT, trueflag;
+    int flag = P_WAIT, trueflag, err, secondtry = 0;
 
     if (sp > mark) {
-       New(401,Argv, sp - mark + 1, char*);
-       a = Argv;
+       New(1301,PL_Argv, sp - mark + 3, char*);
+       a = PL_Argv;
 
-       if (mark < sp && SvIOKp(*(mark+1))) {
+       if (mark < sp && SvNIOKp(*(mark+1)) && !SvPOKp(*(mark+1))) {
                ++mark;
                flag = SvIVx(*mark);
        }
 
        while (++mark <= sp) {
            if (*mark)
-               *a++ = SvPVx(*mark, na);
+               *a++ = SvPVx(*mark, PL_na);
            else
                *a++ = "";
        }
        *a = Nullch;
 
-       trueflag = flag;
-       if (flag == P_WAIT)
-               flag = P_NOWAIT;
-
-       if (really && *(tmps = SvPV(really, na)))
-           rc = result(trueflag, spawnvp(flag,tmps,Argv));
-       else
-           rc = result(trueflag, spawnvp(flag,Argv[0],Argv));
-
-       if (rc < 0 && dowarn)
-           warn("Can't spawn \"%s\": %s", Argv[0], Strerror(errno));
+       rc = do_spawn_ve(really, flag, EXECF_SPAWN, NULL);
     } else
        rc = -1;
     do_execfree();
     return rc;
 }
 
+/* Try converting 1-arg form to (usually shell-less) multi-arg form. */
 int
-do_spawn(cmd)
+do_spawn2(cmd, execf)
 char *cmd;
+int execf;
 {
     register char **a;
     register char *s;
     char flags[10];
-    char *shell, *copt;
-    int rc;
+    char *shell, *copt, *news = NULL;
+    int rc, err, seenspace = 0;
+    char fullcmd[MAXNAMLEN + 1];
 
-    if ((shell = getenv("SHELL")) != NULL)
+#ifdef TRYSHELL
+    if ((shell = getenv("EMXSHELL")) != NULL)
+       copt = "-c";
+    else if ((shell = getenv("SHELL")) != NULL)
        copt = "-c";
     else if ((shell = getenv("COMSPEC")) != NULL)
        copt = "/C";
     else
        shell = "cmd.exe";
+#else
+    /* Consensus on perl5-porters is that it is _very_ important to
+       have a shell which will not change between computers with the
+       same architecture, to avoid "action on a distance". 
+       And to have simple build, this shell should be sh. */
+    shell = PL_sh_path;
+    copt = "-c";
+#endif 
+
+    while (*cmd && isSPACE(*cmd))
+       cmd++;
+
+    if (strnEQ(cmd,"/bin/sh",7) && isSPACE(cmd[7])) {
+       STRLEN l = strlen(PL_sh_path);
+       
+       New(1302, news, strlen(cmd) - 7 + l + 1, char);
+       strcpy(news, PL_sh_path);
+       strcpy(news + l, cmd + 7);
+       cmd = news;
+    }
 
     /* save an extra exec if possible */
     /* see if there are shell metacharacters in it */
 
-    /*SUPPRESS 530*/
-    if (*cmd == '@') {
-       ++cmd;
-       goto shell_cmd;
-    }
+    if (*cmd == '.' && isSPACE(cmd[1]))
+       goto doshell;
+
+    if (strnEQ(cmd,"exec",4) && isSPACE(cmd[4]))
+       goto doshell;
+
+    for (s = cmd; *s && isALPHA(*s); s++) ;    /* catch VAR=val gizmo */
+    if (*s == '=')
+       goto doshell;
+
     for (s = cmd; *s; s++) {
-       if (*s != ' ' && !isALPHA(*s) && strchr("%&|<>\n",*s)) {
-           if (*s == '\n' && !s[1]) {
+       if (*s != ' ' && !isALPHA(*s) && strchr("$&*(){}[]'\";\\|?<>~`\n",*s)) {
+           if (*s == '\n' && s[1] == '\0') {
                *s = '\0';
                break;
+           } else if (*s == '\\' && !seenspace) {
+               continue;               /* Allow backslashes in names */
            }
-shell_cmd:  return result(P_WAIT, spawnl(P_NOWAIT,shell,shell,copt,cmd,(char*)0));
+           /* We do not convert this to do_spawn_ve since shell
+              should be smart enough to start itself gloriously. */
+         doshell:
+           if (execf == EXECF_TRUEEXEC)
+                rc = execl(shell,shell,copt,cmd,(char*)0);             
+           else if (execf == EXECF_EXEC)
+                rc = spawnl(P_OVERLAY,shell,shell,copt,cmd,(char*)0);
+           else if (execf == EXECF_SPAWN_NOWAIT)
+                rc = spawnl(P_NOWAIT,shell,shell,copt,cmd,(char*)0);
+           else {
+               /* In the ak code internal P_NOWAIT is P_WAIT ??? */
+               rc = result(P_WAIT,
+                           spawnl(P_NOWAIT,shell,shell,copt,cmd,(char*)0));
+               if (rc < 0 && PL_dowarn)
+                   warn("Can't %s \"%s\": %s", 
+                        (execf == EXECF_SPAWN ? "spawn" : "exec"),
+                        shell, Strerror(errno));
+               if (rc < 0) rc = 255 << 8; /* Emulate the fork(). */
+           }
+           if (news)
+               Safefree(news);
+           return rc;
+       } else if (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t') {
+           seenspace = 1;
        }
     }
-    New(402,Argv, (s - cmd) / 2 + 2, char*);
-    Cmd = savepvn(cmd, s-cmd);
-    a = Argv;
-    for (s = Cmd; *s;) {
+
+    /* cmd="a" may lead to "sh", "-c", "\"$@\"", "a", "a.cmd", NULL */
+    New(1303,PL_Argv, (s - cmd + 11) / 2, char*);
+    PL_Cmd = savepvn(cmd, s-cmd);
+    a = PL_Argv;
+    for (s = PL_Cmd; *s;) {
        while (*s && isSPACE(*s)) s++;
        if (*s)
            *(a++) = s;
@@ -147,17 +886,122 @@ shell_cmd:  return result(P_WAIT, spawnl(P_NOWAIT,shell,shell,copt,cmd,(char*)0)
            *s++ = '\0';
     }
     *a = Nullch;
-    if (Argv[0]) {
-       rc = result(P_WAIT, spawnvp(P_NOWAIT,Argv[0],Argv));
-       if (rc < 0 && dowarn)
-           warn("Can't spawn \"%s\": %s", Argv[0], Strerror(errno));
-    } else
+    if (PL_Argv[0])
+       rc = do_spawn_ve(NULL, 0, execf, cmd);
+    else
        rc = -1;
+    if (news)
+       Safefree(news);
     do_execfree();
     return rc;
 }
 
-/*****************************************************************************/
+int
+do_spawn(cmd)
+char *cmd;
+{
+    return do_spawn2(cmd, EXECF_SPAWN);
+}
+
+int
+do_spawn_nowait(cmd)
+char *cmd;
+{
+    return do_spawn2(cmd, EXECF_SPAWN_NOWAIT);
+}
+
+bool
+do_exec(cmd)
+char *cmd;
+{
+    do_spawn2(cmd, EXECF_EXEC);
+    return FALSE;
+}
+
+bool
+os2exec(cmd)
+char *cmd;
+{
+    return do_spawn2(cmd, EXECF_TRUEEXEC);
+}
+
+PerlIO *
+my_syspopen(cmd,mode)
+char   *cmd;
+char   *mode;
+{
+#ifndef USE_POPEN
+
+    int p[2];
+    register I32 this, that, newfd;
+    register I32 pid, rc;
+    PerlIO *res;
+    SV *sv;
+    
+    /* `this' is what we use in the parent, `that' in the child. */
+    this = (*mode == 'w');
+    that = !this;
+    if (PL_tainting) {
+       taint_env();
+       taint_proper("Insecure %s%s", "EXEC");
+    }
+    if (pipe(p) < 0)
+       return Nullfp;
+    /* Now we need to spawn the child. */
+    newfd = dup(*mode == 'r');         /* Preserve std* */
+    if (p[that] != (*mode == 'r')) {
+       dup2(p[that], *mode == 'r');
+       close(p[that]);
+    }
+    /* Where is `this' and newfd now? */
+    fcntl(p[this], F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC);
+    fcntl(newfd, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC);
+    pid = do_spawn_nowait(cmd);
+    if (newfd != (*mode == 'r')) {
+       dup2(newfd, *mode == 'r');      /* Return std* back. */
+       close(newfd);
+    }
+    if (p[that] == (*mode == 'r'))
+       close(p[that]);
+    if (pid == -1) {
+       close(p[this]);
+       return NULL;
+    }
+    if (p[that] < p[this]) {
+       dup2(p[this], p[that]);
+       close(p[this]);
+       p[this] = p[that];
+    }
+    sv = *av_fetch(PL_fdpid,p[this],TRUE);
+    (void)SvUPGRADE(sv,SVt_IV);
+    SvIVX(sv) = pid;
+    PL_forkprocess = pid;
+    return PerlIO_fdopen(p[this], mode);
+
+#else  /* USE_POPEN */
+
+    PerlIO *res;
+    SV *sv;
+
+#  ifdef TRYSHELL
+    res = popen(cmd, mode);
+#  else
+    char *shell = getenv("EMXSHELL");
+
+    my_setenv("EMXSHELL", PL_sh_path);
+    res = popen(cmd, mode);
+    my_setenv("EMXSHELL", shell);
+#  endif 
+    sv = *av_fetch(PL_fdpid, PerlIO_fileno(res), TRUE);
+    (void)SvUPGRADE(sv,SVt_IV);
+    SvIVX(sv) = -1;                    /* A cooky. */
+    return res;
+
+#endif /* USE_POPEN */
+
+}
+
+/******************************************************************/
 
 #ifndef HAS_FORK
 int
@@ -169,7 +1013,7 @@ fork(void)
 }
 #endif
 
-/*****************************************************************************/
+/*******************************************************************/
 /* not implemented in EMX 0.9a */
 
 void * ctermid(x)      { return 0; }
@@ -178,18 +1022,58 @@ void *   ctermid(x)      { return 0; }
 void * ttyname(x)      { return 0; }
 #endif
 
-void * gethostent()    { return 0; }
-void * getnetent()     { return 0; }
-void * getprotoent()   { return 0; }
-void * getservent()    { return 0; }
-void   sethostent(x)   {}
-void   setnetent(x)    {}
-void   setprotoent(x)  {}
-void   setservent(x)   {}
-void   endhostent(x)   {}
-void   endnetent(x)    {}
-void   endprotoent(x)  {}
-void   endservent(x)   {}
+/******************************************************************/
+/* my socket forwarders - EMX lib only provides static forwarders */
+
+static HMODULE htcp = 0;
+
+static void *
+tcp0(char *name)
+{
+    static BYTE buf[20];
+    PFN fcn;
+
+    if (!(_emx_env & 0x200)) croak("%s requires OS/2", name); /* Die if not OS/2. */
+    if (!htcp)
+       DosLoadModule(buf, sizeof buf, "tcp32dll", &htcp);
+    if (htcp && DosQueryProcAddr(htcp, 0, name, &fcn) == 0)
+       return (void *) ((void * (*)(void)) fcn) ();
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static void
+tcp1(char *name, int arg)
+{
+    static BYTE buf[20];
+    PFN fcn;
+
+    if (!(_emx_env & 0x200)) croak("%s requires OS/2", name); /* Die if not OS/2. */
+    if (!htcp)
+       DosLoadModule(buf, sizeof buf, "tcp32dll", &htcp);
+    if (htcp && DosQueryProcAddr(htcp, 0, name, &fcn) == 0)
+       ((void (*)(int)) fcn) (arg);
+}
+
+void * gethostent()    { return tcp0("GETHOSTENT");  }
+void * getnetent()     { return tcp0("GETNETENT");   }
+void * getprotoent()   { return tcp0("GETPROTOENT"); }
+void * getservent()    { return tcp0("GETSERVENT");  }
+void   sethostent(x)   { tcp1("SETHOSTENT",  x); }
+void   setnetent(x)    { tcp1("SETNETENT",   x); }
+void   setprotoent(x)  { tcp1("SETPROTOENT", x); }
+void   setservent(x)   { tcp1("SETSERVENT",  x); }
+void   endhostent()    { tcp0("ENDHOSTENT");  }
+void   endnetent()     { tcp0("ENDNETENT");   }
+void   endprotoent()   { tcp0("ENDPROTOENT"); }
+void   endservent()    { tcp0("ENDSERVENT");  }
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+/* not implemented in C Set++ */
+
+#ifndef __EMX__
+int    setuid(x)       { errno = EINVAL; return -1; }
+int    setgid(x)       { errno = EINVAL; return -1; }
+#endif
 
 /*****************************************************************************/
 /* stat() hack for char/block device */
@@ -216,3 +1100,702 @@ os2_stat(char *name, struct stat *st)
 }
 
 #endif
+
+#ifdef USE_PERL_SBRK
+
+/* SBRK() emulation, mostly moved to malloc.c. */
+
+void *
+sys_alloc(int size) {
+    void *got;
+    APIRET rc = DosAllocMem(&got, size, PAG_COMMIT | PAG_WRITE);
+
+    if (rc == ERROR_NOT_ENOUGH_MEMORY) {
+       return (void *) -1;
+    } else if ( rc ) die("Got an error from DosAllocMem: %li", (long)rc);
+    return got;
+}
+
+#endif /* USE_PERL_SBRK */
+
+/* tmp path */
+
+char *tmppath = TMPPATH1;
+
+void
+settmppath()
+{
+    char *p = getenv("TMP"), *tpath;
+    int len;
+
+    if (!p) p = getenv("TEMP");
+    if (!p) return;
+    len = strlen(p);
+    tpath = (char *)malloc(len + strlen(TMPPATH1) + 2);
+    strcpy(tpath, p);
+    tpath[len] = '/';
+    strcpy(tpath + len + 1, TMPPATH1);
+    tmppath = tpath;
+}
+
+#include "XSUB.h"
+
+XS(XS_File__Copy_syscopy)
+{
+    dXSARGS;
+    if (items < 2 || items > 3)
+       croak("Usage: File::Copy::syscopy(src,dst,flag=0)");
+    {
+       char *  src = (char *)SvPV(ST(0),PL_na);
+       char *  dst = (char *)SvPV(ST(1),PL_na);
+       U32     flag;
+       int     RETVAL, rc;
+
+       if (items < 3)
+           flag = 0;
+       else {
+           flag = (unsigned long)SvIV(ST(2));
+       }
+
+       RETVAL = !CheckOSError(DosCopy(src, dst, flag));
+       ST(0) = sv_newmortal();
+       sv_setiv(ST(0), (IV)RETVAL);
+    }
+    XSRETURN(1);
+}
+
+#include "patchlevel.h"
+
+char *
+mod2fname(sv)
+     SV   *sv;
+{
+    static char fname[9];
+    int pos = 6, len, avlen;
+    unsigned int sum = 0;
+    AV  *av;
+    SV  *svp;
+    char *s;
+
+    if (!SvROK(sv)) croak("Not a reference given to mod2fname");
+    sv = SvRV(sv);
+    if (SvTYPE(sv) != SVt_PVAV) 
+      croak("Not array reference given to mod2fname");
+
+    avlen = av_len((AV*)sv);
+    if (avlen < 0) 
+      croak("Empty array reference given to mod2fname");
+
+    s = SvPV(*av_fetch((AV*)sv, avlen, FALSE), PL_na);
+    strncpy(fname, s, 8);
+    len = strlen(s);
+    if (len < 6) pos = len;
+    while (*s) {
+       sum = 33 * sum + *(s++);        /* Checksumming first chars to
+                                        * get the capitalization into c.s. */
+    }
+    avlen --;
+    while (avlen >= 0) {
+       s = SvPV(*av_fetch((AV*)sv, avlen, FALSE), PL_na);
+       while (*s) {
+           sum = 33 * sum + *(s++);    /* 7 is primitive mod 13. */
+       }
+       avlen --;
+    }
+#ifdef USE_THREADS
+    sum++;                             /* Avoid conflict of DLLs in memory. */
+#endif 
+    sum += PATCHLEVEL * 200 + SUBVERSION * 2;  /*  */
+    fname[pos] = 'A' + (sum % 26);
+    fname[pos + 1] = 'A' + (sum / 26 % 26);
+    fname[pos + 2] = '\0';
+    return (char *)fname;
+}
+
+XS(XS_DynaLoader_mod2fname)
+{
+    dXSARGS;
+    if (items != 1)
+       croak("Usage: DynaLoader::mod2fname(sv)");
+    {
+       SV *    sv = ST(0);
+       char *  RETVAL;
+
+       RETVAL = mod2fname(sv);
+       ST(0) = sv_newmortal();
+       sv_setpv((SV*)ST(0), RETVAL);
+    }
+    XSRETURN(1);
+}
+
+char *
+os2error(int rc)
+{
+       static char buf[300];
+       ULONG len;
+
+        if (!(_emx_env & 0x200)) return ""; /* Nop if not OS/2. */
+       if (rc == 0)
+               return NULL;
+       if (DosGetMessage(NULL, 0, buf, sizeof buf - 1, rc, "OSO001.MSG", &len))
+               sprintf(buf, "OS/2 system error code %d=0x%x", rc, rc);
+       else
+               buf[len] = '\0';
+       if (len > 0 && buf[len - 1] == '\n')
+           buf[len - 1] = '\0';
+       if (len > 1 && buf[len - 2] == '\r')
+           buf[len - 2] = '\0';
+       if (len > 2 && buf[len - 3] == '.')
+           buf[len - 3] = '\0';
+       return buf;
+}
+
+char *
+perllib_mangle(char *s, unsigned int l)
+{
+    static char *newp, *oldp;
+    static int newl, oldl, notfound;
+    static char ret[STATIC_FILE_LENGTH+1];
+    
+    if (!newp && !notfound) {
+       newp = getenv("PERLLIB_PREFIX");
+       if (newp) {
+           char *s;
+           
+           oldp = newp;
+           while (*newp && !isSPACE(*newp) && *newp != ';') {
+               newp++; oldl++;         /* Skip digits. */
+           }
+           while (*newp && (isSPACE(*newp) || *newp == ';')) {
+               newp++;                 /* Skip whitespace. */
+           }
+           newl = strlen(newp);
+           if (newl == 0 || oldl == 0) {
+               die("Malformed PERLLIB_PREFIX");
+           }
+           strcpy(ret, newp);
+           s = ret;
+           while (*s) {
+               if (*s == '\\') *s = '/';
+               s++;
+           }
+       } else {
+           notfound = 1;
+       }
+    }
+    if (!newp) {
+       return s;
+    }
+    if (l == 0) {
+       l = strlen(s);
+    }
+    if (l < oldl || strnicmp(oldp, s, oldl) != 0) {
+       return s;
+    }
+    if (l + newl - oldl > STATIC_FILE_LENGTH || newl > STATIC_FILE_LENGTH) {
+       die("Malformed PERLLIB_PREFIX");
+    }
+    strcpy(ret + newl, s + oldl);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+extern void dlopen();
+void *fakedl = &dlopen;                /* Pull in dynaloading part. */
+
+#define sys_is_absolute(path) ( isALPHA((path)[0]) && (path)[1] == ':' \
+                               && ((path)[2] == '/' || (path)[2] == '\\'))
+#define sys_is_rooted _fnisabs
+#define sys_is_relative _fnisrel
+#define current_drive _getdrive
+
+#undef chdir                           /* Was _chdir2. */
+#define sys_chdir(p) (chdir(p) == 0)
+#define change_drive(d) (_chdrive(d), (current_drive() == toupper(d)))
+
+XS(XS_Cwd_current_drive)
+{
+    dXSARGS;
+    if (items != 0)
+       croak("Usage: Cwd::current_drive()");
+    {
+       char    RETVAL;
+
+       RETVAL = current_drive();
+       ST(0) = sv_newmortal();
+       sv_setpvn(ST(0), (char *)&RETVAL, 1);
+    }
+    XSRETURN(1);
+}
+
+XS(XS_Cwd_sys_chdir)
+{
+    dXSARGS;
+    if (items != 1)
+       croak("Usage: Cwd::sys_chdir(path)");
+    {
+       char *  path = (char *)SvPV(ST(0),PL_na);
+       bool    RETVAL;
+
+       RETVAL = sys_chdir(path);
+       ST(0) = boolSV(RETVAL);
+       if (SvREFCNT(ST(0))) sv_2mortal(ST(0));
+    }
+    XSRETURN(1);
+}
+
+XS(XS_Cwd_change_drive)
+{
+    dXSARGS;
+    if (items != 1)
+       croak("Usage: Cwd::change_drive(d)");
+    {
+       char    d = (char)*SvPV(ST(0),PL_na);
+       bool    RETVAL;
+
+       RETVAL = change_drive(d);
+       ST(0) = boolSV(RETVAL);
+       if (SvREFCNT(ST(0))) sv_2mortal(ST(0));
+    }
+    XSRETURN(1);
+}
+
+XS(XS_Cwd_sys_is_absolute)
+{
+    dXSARGS;
+    if (items != 1)
+       croak("Usage: Cwd::sys_is_absolute(path)");
+    {
+       char *  path = (char *)SvPV(ST(0),PL_na);
+       bool    RETVAL;
+
+       RETVAL = sys_is_absolute(path);
+       ST(0) = boolSV(RETVAL);
+       if (SvREFCNT(ST(0))) sv_2mortal(ST(0));
+    }
+    XSRETURN(1);
+}
+
+XS(XS_Cwd_sys_is_rooted)
+{
+    dXSARGS;
+    if (items != 1)
+       croak("Usage: Cwd::sys_is_rooted(path)");
+    {
+       char *  path = (char *)SvPV(ST(0),PL_na);
+       bool    RETVAL;
+
+       RETVAL = sys_is_rooted(path);
+       ST(0) = boolSV(RETVAL);
+       if (SvREFCNT(ST(0))) sv_2mortal(ST(0));
+    }
+    XSRETURN(1);
+}
+
+XS(XS_Cwd_sys_is_relative)
+{
+    dXSARGS;
+    if (items != 1)
+       croak("Usage: Cwd::sys_is_relative(path)");
+    {
+       char *  path = (char *)SvPV(ST(0),PL_na);
+       bool    RETVAL;
+
+       RETVAL = sys_is_relative(path);
+       ST(0) = boolSV(RETVAL);
+       if (SvREFCNT(ST(0))) sv_2mortal(ST(0));
+    }
+    XSRETURN(1);
+}
+
+XS(XS_Cwd_sys_cwd)
+{
+    dXSARGS;
+    if (items != 0)
+       croak("Usage: Cwd::sys_cwd()");
+    {
+       char p[MAXPATHLEN];
+       char *  RETVAL;
+       RETVAL = _getcwd2(p, MAXPATHLEN);
+       ST(0) = sv_newmortal();
+       sv_setpv((SV*)ST(0), RETVAL);
+    }
+    XSRETURN(1);
+}
+
+XS(XS_Cwd_sys_abspath)
+{
+    dXSARGS;
+    if (items < 1 || items > 2)
+       croak("Usage: Cwd::sys_abspath(path, dir = NULL)");
+    {
+       char *  path = (char *)SvPV(ST(0),PL_na);
+       char *  dir;
+       char p[MAXPATHLEN];
+       char *  RETVAL;
+
+       if (items < 2)
+           dir = NULL;
+       else {
+           dir = (char *)SvPV(ST(1),PL_na);
+       }
+       if (path[0] == '.' && (path[1] == '/' || path[1] == '\\')) {
+           path += 2;
+       }
+       if (dir == NULL) {
+           if (_abspath(p, path, MAXPATHLEN) == 0) {
+               RETVAL = p;
+           } else {
+               RETVAL = NULL;
+           }
+       } else {
+           /* Absolute with drive: */
+           if ( sys_is_absolute(path) ) {
+               if (_abspath(p, path, MAXPATHLEN) == 0) {
+                   RETVAL = p;
+               } else {
+                   RETVAL = NULL;
+               }
+           } else if (path[0] == '/' || path[0] == '\\') {
+               /* Rooted, but maybe on different drive. */
+               if (isALPHA(dir[0]) && dir[1] == ':' ) {
+                   char p1[MAXPATHLEN];
+
+                   /* Need to prepend the drive. */
+                   p1[0] = dir[0];
+                   p1[1] = dir[1];
+                   Copy(path, p1 + 2, strlen(path) + 1, char);
+                   RETVAL = p;
+                   if (_abspath(p, p1, MAXPATHLEN) == 0) {
+                       RETVAL = p;
+                   } else {
+                       RETVAL = NULL;
+                   }
+               } else if (_abspath(p, path, MAXPATHLEN) == 0) {
+                   RETVAL = p;
+               } else {
+                   RETVAL = NULL;
+               }
+           } else {
+               /* Either path is relative, or starts with a drive letter. */
+               /* If the path starts with a drive letter, then dir is
+                  relevant only if 
+                  a/b) it is absolute/x:relative on the same drive.  
+                  c)   path is on current drive, and dir is rooted
+                  In all the cases it is safe to drop the drive part
+                  of the path. */
+               if ( !sys_is_relative(path) ) {
+                   int is_drived;
+
+                   if ( ( ( sys_is_absolute(dir)
+                            || (isALPHA(dir[0]) && dir[1] == ':' 
+                                && strnicmp(dir, path,1) == 0)) 
+                          && strnicmp(dir, path,1) == 0)
+                        || ( !(isALPHA(dir[0]) && dir[1] == ':')
+                             && toupper(path[0]) == current_drive())) {
+                       path += 2;
+                   } else if (_abspath(p, path, MAXPATHLEN) == 0) {
+                       RETVAL = p; goto done;
+                   } else {
+                       RETVAL = NULL; goto done;
+                   }
+               }
+               {
+                   /* Need to prepend the absolute path of dir. */
+                   char p1[MAXPATHLEN];
+
+                   if (_abspath(p1, dir, MAXPATHLEN) == 0) {
+                       int l = strlen(p1);
+
+                       if (p1[ l - 1 ] != '/') {
+                           p1[ l ] = '/';
+                           l++;
+                       }
+                       Copy(path, p1 + l, strlen(path) + 1, char);
+                       if (_abspath(p, p1, MAXPATHLEN) == 0) {
+                           RETVAL = p;
+                       } else {
+                           RETVAL = NULL;
+                       }
+                   } else {
+                       RETVAL = NULL;
+                   }
+               }
+             done:
+           }
+       }
+       ST(0) = sv_newmortal();
+       sv_setpv((SV*)ST(0), RETVAL);
+    }
+    XSRETURN(1);
+}
+typedef APIRET (*PELP)(PSZ path, ULONG type);
+
+APIRET
+ExtLIBPATH(ULONG ord, PSZ path, ULONG type)
+{
+    loadByOrd(ord);                    /* Guarantied to load or die! */
+    return (*(PELP)ExtFCN[ord])(path, type);
+}
+
+#define extLibpath(type)                                               \
+    (CheckOSError(ExtLIBPATH(ORD_QUERY_ELP, to, ((type) ? END_LIBPATH  \
+                                                : BEGIN_LIBPATH)))     \
+     ? NULL : to )
+
+#define extLibpath_set(p,type)                                         \
+    (!CheckOSError(ExtLIBPATH(ORD_SET_ELP, (p), ((type) ? END_LIBPATH  \
+                                                : BEGIN_LIBPATH))))
+
+XS(XS_Cwd_extLibpath)
+{
+    dXSARGS;
+    if (items < 0 || items > 1)
+       croak("Usage: Cwd::extLibpath(type = 0)");
+    {
+       bool    type;
+       char    to[1024];
+       U32     rc;
+       char *  RETVAL;
+
+       if (items < 1)
+           type = 0;
+       else {
+           type = (int)SvIV(ST(0));
+       }
+
+       RETVAL = extLibpath(type);
+       ST(0) = sv_newmortal();
+       sv_setpv((SV*)ST(0), RETVAL);
+    }
+    XSRETURN(1);
+}
+
+XS(XS_Cwd_extLibpath_set)
+{
+    dXSARGS;
+    if (items < 1 || items > 2)
+       croak("Usage: Cwd::extLibpath_set(s, type = 0)");
+    {
+       char *  s = (char *)SvPV(ST(0),PL_na);
+       bool    type;
+       U32     rc;
+       bool    RETVAL;
+
+       if (items < 2)
+           type = 0;
+       else {
+           type = (int)SvIV(ST(1));
+       }
+
+       RETVAL = extLibpath_set(s, type);
+       ST(0) = boolSV(RETVAL);
+       if (SvREFCNT(ST(0))) sv_2mortal(ST(0));
+    }
+    XSRETURN(1);
+}
+
+int
+Xs_OS2_init()
+{
+    char *file = __FILE__;
+    {
+       GV *gv;
+
+       if (_emx_env & 0x200) { /* OS/2 */
+            newXS("File::Copy::syscopy", XS_File__Copy_syscopy, file);
+            newXS("Cwd::extLibpath", XS_Cwd_extLibpath, file);
+            newXS("Cwd::extLibpath_set", XS_Cwd_extLibpath_set, file);
+       }
+        newXS("DynaLoader::mod2fname", XS_DynaLoader_mod2fname, file);
+        newXS("Cwd::current_drive", XS_Cwd_current_drive, file);
+        newXS("Cwd::sys_chdir", XS_Cwd_sys_chdir, file);
+        newXS("Cwd::change_drive", XS_Cwd_change_drive, file);
+        newXS("Cwd::sys_is_absolute", XS_Cwd_sys_is_absolute, file);
+        newXS("Cwd::sys_is_rooted", XS_Cwd_sys_is_rooted, file);
+        newXS("Cwd::sys_is_relative", XS_Cwd_sys_is_relative, file);
+        newXS("Cwd::sys_cwd", XS_Cwd_sys_cwd, file);
+        newXS("Cwd::sys_abspath", XS_Cwd_sys_abspath, file);
+       gv = gv_fetchpv("OS2::is_aout", TRUE, SVt_PV);
+       GvMULTI_on(gv);
+#ifdef PERL_IS_AOUT
+       sv_setiv(GvSV(gv), 1);
+#endif 
+    }
+}
+
+OS2_Perl_data_t OS2_Perl_data;
+
+void
+Perl_OS2_init(char **env)
+{
+    char *shell;
+
+    MALLOC_INIT;
+    settmppath();
+    OS2_Perl_data.xs_init = &Xs_OS2_init;
+    if (environ == NULL) {
+       environ = env;
+    }
+    if ( (shell = getenv("PERL_SH_DRIVE")) ) {
+       New(1304, PL_sh_path, strlen(SH_PATH) + 1, char);
+       strcpy(PL_sh_path, SH_PATH);
+       PL_sh_path[0] = shell[0];
+    } else if ( (shell = getenv("PERL_SH_DIR")) ) {
+       int l = strlen(shell), i;
+       if (shell[l-1] == '/' || shell[l-1] == '\\') {
+           l--;
+       }
+       New(1304, PL_sh_path, l + 8, char);
+       strncpy(PL_sh_path, shell, l);
+       strcpy(PL_sh_path + l, "/sh.exe");
+       for (i = 0; i < l; i++) {
+           if (PL_sh_path[i] == '\\') PL_sh_path[i] = '/';
+       }
+    }
+    MUTEX_INIT(&start_thread_mutex);
+    os2_mytype = my_type();            /* Do it before morphing.  Needed? */
+}
+
+#undef tmpnam
+#undef tmpfile
+
+char *
+my_tmpnam (char *str)
+{
+    char *p = getenv("TMP"), *tpath;
+    int len;
+
+    if (!p) p = getenv("TEMP");
+    tpath = tempnam(p, "pltmp");
+    if (str && tpath) {
+       strcpy(str, tpath);
+       return str;
+    }
+    return tpath;
+}
+
+FILE *
+my_tmpfile ()
+{
+    struct stat s;
+
+    stat(".", &s);
+    if (s.st_mode & S_IWOTH) {
+       return tmpfile();
+    }
+    return fopen(my_tmpnam(NULL), "w+b"); /* Race condition, but
+                                            grants TMP. */
+}
+
+#undef flock
+
+/* This code was contributed by Rocco Caputo. */
+int 
+my_flock(int handle, int o)
+{
+  FILELOCK      rNull, rFull;
+  ULONG         timeout, handle_type, flag_word;
+  APIRET        rc;
+  int           blocking, shared;
+  static int   use_my = -1;
+
+  if (use_my == -1) {
+    char *s = getenv("USE_PERL_FLOCK");
+    if (s)
+       use_my = atoi(s);
+    else 
+       use_my = 1;
+  }
+  if (!(_emx_env & 0x200) || !use_my) 
+    return flock(handle, o);   /* Delegate to EMX. */
+  
+                                        // is this a file?
+  if ((DosQueryHType(handle, &handle_type, &flag_word) != 0) ||
+      (handle_type & 0xFF))
+  {
+    errno = EBADF;
+    return -1;
+  }
+                                        // set lock/unlock ranges
+  rNull.lOffset = rNull.lRange = rFull.lOffset = 0;
+  rFull.lRange = 0x7FFFFFFF;
+                                        // set timeout for blocking
+  timeout = ((blocking = !(o & LOCK_NB))) ? 100 : 1;
+                                        // shared or exclusive?
+  shared = (o & LOCK_SH) ? 1 : 0;
+                                        // do not block the unlock
+  if (o & (LOCK_UN | LOCK_SH | LOCK_EX)) {
+    rc = DosSetFileLocks(handle, &rFull, &rNull, timeout, shared);
+    switch (rc) {
+      case 0:
+        errno = 0;
+        return 0;
+      case ERROR_INVALID_HANDLE:
+        errno = EBADF;
+        return -1;
+      case ERROR_SHARING_BUFFER_EXCEEDED:
+        errno = ENOLCK;
+        return -1;
+      case ERROR_LOCK_VIOLATION:
+        break;                          // not an error
+      case ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER:
+      case ERROR_ATOMIC_LOCK_NOT_SUPPORTED:
+      case ERROR_READ_LOCKS_NOT_SUPPORTED:
+        errno = EINVAL;
+        return -1;
+      case ERROR_INTERRUPT:
+        errno = EINTR;
+        return -1;
+      default:
+        errno = EINVAL;
+        return -1;
+    }
+  }
+                                        // lock may block
+  if (o & (LOCK_SH | LOCK_EX)) {
+                                        // for blocking operations
+    for (;;) {
+      rc =
+        DosSetFileLocks(
+                handle,
+                &rNull,
+                &rFull,
+                timeout,
+                shared
+        );
+      switch (rc) {
+        case 0:
+          errno = 0;
+          return 0;
+        case ERROR_INVALID_HANDLE:
+          errno = EBADF;
+          return -1;
+        case ERROR_SHARING_BUFFER_EXCEEDED:
+          errno = ENOLCK;
+          return -1;
+        case ERROR_LOCK_VIOLATION:
+          if (!blocking) {
+            errno = EWOULDBLOCK;
+            return -1;
+          }
+          break;
+        case ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER:
+        case ERROR_ATOMIC_LOCK_NOT_SUPPORTED:
+        case ERROR_READ_LOCKS_NOT_SUPPORTED:
+          errno = EINVAL;
+          return -1;
+        case ERROR_INTERRUPT:
+          errno = EINTR;
+          return -1;
+        default:
+          errno = EINVAL;
+          return -1;
+      }
+                                        // give away timeslice
+      DosSleep(1);
+    }
+  }
+
+  errno = 0;
+  return 0;
+}