charnames.pm: Clarify comments

[perl5.git] / lib / charnames.pm

diff --git a/lib/charnames.pm b/lib/charnames.pm
index 1bb89b4..925dccb 100644 (file)
--- a/lib/charnames.pm
+++ b/lib/charnames.pm
@@ -1,71 +1,861 @@
 package charnames;
 package charnames;

+use strict;
+use warnings;
+use File::Spec;
+our $VERSION = '1.15';

 
 

-our $VERSION = '1.00';
+use bytes ();          # for $bytes::hint_bits

 
 

-use bytes ();          # for $bytes::hint_bits
-use warnings();
-$charnames::hint_bits = 0x20000;
+my %system_aliases = (
+                # Icky 3.2 names with parentheses.
+                'LINE FEED'             => 0x0A, # LINE FEED (LF)
+                'FORM FEED'             => 0x0C, # FORM FEED (FF)
+                'CARRIAGE RETURN'       => 0x0D, # CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)
+                'NEXT LINE'             => 0x85, # NEXT LINE (NEL)

 
 

-my $txt;
+                # Some variant names from Wikipedia
+                'SINGLE-SHIFT 2'                => 0x8E,
+                'SINGLE-SHIFT 3'                => 0x8F,
+                'PRIVATE USE 1'                 => 0x91,
+                'PRIVATE USE 2'                 => 0x92,
+                'START OF PROTECTED AREA'       => 0x96,
+                'END OF PROTECTED AREA'         => 0x97,

 
 

-# This is not optimized in any way yet
-sub charnames {
-  $name = shift;
-  $txt = do "unicode/Name.pl" unless $txt;
-  my @off;
-  if ($^H{charnames_full} and $txt =~ /\t\t$name$/m) {
-    @off = ($-[0], $+[0]);
-  }
-  unless (@off) {
-    if ($^H{charnames_short} and $name =~ /^(.*?):(.*)/s) {
-      my ($script, $cname) = ($1,$2);
-      my $case = ( $cname =~ /[[:upper:]]/ ? "CAPITAL" : "SMALL");
-      if ($txt =~ m/\t\t\U$script\E (?:$case )?LETTER \U$cname$/m) {
-       @off = ($-[0], $+[0]);
-      }
+                # Convenience.  Standard abbreviations for the controls
+                'NUL'           => 0x00, # NULL
+                'SOH'           => 0x01, # START OF HEADING
+                'STX'           => 0x02, # START OF TEXT
+                'ETX'           => 0x03, # END OF TEXT
+                'EOT'           => 0x04, # END OF TRANSMISSION
+                'ENQ'           => 0x05, # ENQUIRY
+                'ACK'           => 0x06, # ACKNOWLEDGE
+                'BEL'           => 0x07, # BELL
+                'BS'            => 0x08, # BACKSPACE
+                'HT'            => 0x09, # HORIZONTAL TABULATION
+                'LF'            => 0x0A, # LINE FEED (LF)
+                'VT'            => 0x0B, # VERTICAL TABULATION
+                'FF'            => 0x0C, # FORM FEED (FF)
+                'CR'            => 0x0D, # CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)
+                'SO'            => 0x0E, # SHIFT OUT
+                'SI'            => 0x0F, # SHIFT IN
+                'DLE'           => 0x10, # DATA LINK ESCAPE
+                'DC1'           => 0x11, # DEVICE CONTROL ONE
+                'DC2'           => 0x12, # DEVICE CONTROL TWO
+                'DC3'           => 0x13, # DEVICE CONTROL THREE
+                'DC4'           => 0x14, # DEVICE CONTROL FOUR
+                'NAK'           => 0x15, # NEGATIVE ACKNOWLEDGE
+                'SYN'           => 0x16, # SYNCHRONOUS IDLE
+                'ETB'           => 0x17, # END OF TRANSMISSION BLOCK
+                'CAN'           => 0x18, # CANCEL
+                'EOM'           => 0x19, # END OF MEDIUM
+                'SUB'           => 0x1A, # SUBSTITUTE
+                'ESC'           => 0x1B, # ESCAPE
+                'FS'            => 0x1C, # FILE SEPARATOR
+                'GS'            => 0x1D, # GROUP SEPARATOR
+                'RS'            => 0x1E, # RECORD SEPARATOR
+                'US'            => 0x1F, # UNIT SEPARATOR
+                'DEL'           => 0x7F, # DELETE
+                'BPH'           => 0x82, # BREAK PERMITTED HERE
+                'NBH'           => 0x83, # NO BREAK HERE
+                'NEL'           => 0x85, # NEXT LINE (NEL)
+                'SSA'           => 0x86, # START OF SELECTED AREA
+                'ESA'           => 0x87, # END OF SELECTED AREA
+                'HTS'           => 0x88, # CHARACTER TABULATION SET
+                'HTJ'           => 0x89, # CHARACTER TABULATION WITH JUSTIFICATION
+                'VTS'           => 0x8A, # LINE TABULATION SET
+                'PLD'           => 0x8B, # PARTIAL LINE FORWARD
+                'PLU'           => 0x8C, # PARTIAL LINE BACKWARD
+                'RI '           => 0x8D, # REVERSE LINE FEED
+                'SS2'           => 0x8E, # SINGLE SHIFT TWO
+                'SS3'           => 0x8F, # SINGLE SHIFT THREE
+                'DCS'           => 0x90, # DEVICE CONTROL STRING
+                'PU1'           => 0x91, # PRIVATE USE ONE
+                'PU2'           => 0x92, # PRIVATE USE TWO
+                'STS'           => 0x93, # SET TRANSMIT STATE
+                'CCH'           => 0x94, # CANCEL CHARACTER
+                'MW '           => 0x95, # MESSAGE WAITING
+                'SPA'           => 0x96, # START OF GUARDED AREA
+                'EPA'           => 0x97, # END OF GUARDED AREA
+                'SOS'           => 0x98, # START OF STRING
+                'SCI'           => 0x9A, # SINGLE CHARACTER INTRODUCER
+                'CSI'           => 0x9B, # CONTROL SEQUENCE INTRODUCER
+                'ST '           => 0x9C, # STRING TERMINATOR
+                'OSC'           => 0x9D, # OPERATING SYSTEM COMMAND
+                'PM '           => 0x9E, # PRIVACY MESSAGE
+                'APC'           => 0x9F, # APPLICATION PROGRAM COMMAND
+
+                # There are no names for these in the Unicode standard;
+                # perhaps should be deprecated, but then again there are
+                # no alternative names, so am not deprecating.  And if
+                # did, the code would have to change to not recommend an
+                # alternative for these.
+                'PADDING CHARACTER'                     => 0x80,
+                'PAD'                                   => 0x80,
+                'HIGH OCTET PRESET'                     => 0x81,
+                'HOP'                                   => 0x81,
+                'INDEX'                                 => 0x84,
+                'IND'                                   => 0x84,
+                'SINGLE GRAPHIC CHARACTER INTRODUCER'   => 0x99,
+                'SGC'                                   => 0x99,
+
+                # More convenience.  For further convenience,
+                # it is suggested some way of using the NamesList
+                # aliases be implemented, but there are ambiguities in
+                # NamesList.txt
+                'BOM'   => 0xFEFF, # BYTE ORDER MARK
+                'BYTE ORDER MARK'=> 0xFEFF,
+                'CGJ'   => 0x034F, # COMBINING GRAPHEME JOINER
+                'FVS1'  => 0x180B, # MONGOLIAN FREE VARIATION SELECTOR ONE
+                'FVS2'  => 0x180C, # MONGOLIAN FREE VARIATION SELECTOR TWO
+                'FVS3'  => 0x180D, # MONGOLIAN FREE VARIATION SELECTOR THREE
+                'LRE'   => 0x202A, # LEFT-TO-RIGHT EMBEDDING
+                'LRM'   => 0x200E, # LEFT-TO-RIGHT MARK
+                'LRO'   => 0x202D, # LEFT-TO-RIGHT OVERRIDE
+                'MMSP'  => 0x205F, # MEDIUM MATHEMATICAL SPACE
+                'MVS'   => 0x180E, # MONGOLIAN VOWEL SEPARATOR
+                'NBSP'  => 0x00A0, # NO-BREAK SPACE
+                'NNBSP' => 0x202F, # NARROW NO-BREAK SPACE
+                'PDF'   => 0x202C, # POP DIRECTIONAL FORMATTING
+                'RLE'   => 0x202B, # RIGHT-TO-LEFT EMBEDDING
+                'RLM'   => 0x200F, # RIGHT-TO-LEFT MARK
+                'RLO'   => 0x202E, # RIGHT-TO-LEFT OVERRIDE
+                'SHY'   => 0x00AD, # SOFT HYPHEN
+                'VS1'   => 0xFE00, # VARIATION SELECTOR-1
+                'VS2'   => 0xFE01, # VARIATION SELECTOR-2
+                'VS3'   => 0xFE02, # VARIATION SELECTOR-3
+                'VS4'   => 0xFE03, # VARIATION SELECTOR-4
+                'VS5'   => 0xFE04, # VARIATION SELECTOR-5
+                'VS6'   => 0xFE05, # VARIATION SELECTOR-6
+                'VS7'   => 0xFE06, # VARIATION SELECTOR-7
+                'VS8'   => 0xFE07, # VARIATION SELECTOR-8
+                'VS9'   => 0xFE08, # VARIATION SELECTOR-9
+                'VS10'  => 0xFE09, # VARIATION SELECTOR-10
+                'VS11'  => 0xFE0A, # VARIATION SELECTOR-11
+                'VS12'  => 0xFE0B, # VARIATION SELECTOR-12
+                'VS13'  => 0xFE0C, # VARIATION SELECTOR-13
+                'VS14'  => 0xFE0D, # VARIATION SELECTOR-14
+                'VS15'  => 0xFE0E, # VARIATION SELECTOR-15
+                'VS16'  => 0xFE0F, # VARIATION SELECTOR-16
+                'VS17'  => 0xE0100, # VARIATION SELECTOR-17
+                'VS18'  => 0xE0101, # VARIATION SELECTOR-18
+                'VS19'  => 0xE0102, # VARIATION SELECTOR-19
+                'VS20'  => 0xE0103, # VARIATION SELECTOR-20
+                'VS21'  => 0xE0104, # VARIATION SELECTOR-21
+                'VS22'  => 0xE0105, # VARIATION SELECTOR-22
+                'VS23'  => 0xE0106, # VARIATION SELECTOR-23
+                'VS24'  => 0xE0107, # VARIATION SELECTOR-24
+                'VS25'  => 0xE0108, # VARIATION SELECTOR-25
+                'VS26'  => 0xE0109, # VARIATION SELECTOR-26
+                'VS27'  => 0xE010A, # VARIATION SELECTOR-27
+                'VS28'  => 0xE010B, # VARIATION SELECTOR-28
+                'VS29'  => 0xE010C, # VARIATION SELECTOR-29
+                'VS30'  => 0xE010D, # VARIATION SELECTOR-30
+                'VS31'  => 0xE010E, # VARIATION SELECTOR-31
+                'VS32'  => 0xE010F, # VARIATION SELECTOR-32
+                'VS33'  => 0xE0110, # VARIATION SELECTOR-33
+                'VS34'  => 0xE0111, # VARIATION SELECTOR-34
+                'VS35'  => 0xE0112, # VARIATION SELECTOR-35
+                'VS36'  => 0xE0113, # VARIATION SELECTOR-36
+                'VS37'  => 0xE0114, # VARIATION SELECTOR-37
+                'VS38'  => 0xE0115, # VARIATION SELECTOR-38
+                'VS39'  => 0xE0116, # VARIATION SELECTOR-39
+                'VS40'  => 0xE0117, # VARIATION SELECTOR-40
+                'VS41'  => 0xE0118, # VARIATION SELECTOR-41
+                'VS42'  => 0xE0119, # VARIATION SELECTOR-42
+                'VS43'  => 0xE011A, # VARIATION SELECTOR-43
+                'VS44'  => 0xE011B, # VARIATION SELECTOR-44
+                'VS45'  => 0xE011C, # VARIATION SELECTOR-45
+                'VS46'  => 0xE011D, # VARIATION SELECTOR-46
+                'VS47'  => 0xE011E, # VARIATION SELECTOR-47
+                'VS48'  => 0xE011F, # VARIATION SELECTOR-48
+                'VS49'  => 0xE0120, # VARIATION SELECTOR-49
+                'VS50'  => 0xE0121, # VARIATION SELECTOR-50
+                'VS51'  => 0xE0122, # VARIATION SELECTOR-51
+                'VS52'  => 0xE0123, # VARIATION SELECTOR-52
+                'VS53'  => 0xE0124, # VARIATION SELECTOR-53
+                'VS54'  => 0xE0125, # VARIATION SELECTOR-54
+                'VS55'  => 0xE0126, # VARIATION SELECTOR-55
+                'VS56'  => 0xE0127, # VARIATION SELECTOR-56
+                'VS57'  => 0xE0128, # VARIATION SELECTOR-57
+                'VS58'  => 0xE0129, # VARIATION SELECTOR-58
+                'VS59'  => 0xE012A, # VARIATION SELECTOR-59
+                'VS60'  => 0xE012B, # VARIATION SELECTOR-60
+                'VS61'  => 0xE012C, # VARIATION SELECTOR-61
+                'VS62'  => 0xE012D, # VARIATION SELECTOR-62
+                'VS63'  => 0xE012E, # VARIATION SELECTOR-63
+                'VS64'  => 0xE012F, # VARIATION SELECTOR-64
+                'VS65'  => 0xE0130, # VARIATION SELECTOR-65
+                'VS66'  => 0xE0131, # VARIATION SELECTOR-66
+                'VS67'  => 0xE0132, # VARIATION SELECTOR-67
+                'VS68'  => 0xE0133, # VARIATION SELECTOR-68
+                'VS69'  => 0xE0134, # VARIATION SELECTOR-69
+                'VS70'  => 0xE0135, # VARIATION SELECTOR-70
+                'VS71'  => 0xE0136, # VARIATION SELECTOR-71
+                'VS72'  => 0xE0137, # VARIATION SELECTOR-72
+                'VS73'  => 0xE0138, # VARIATION SELECTOR-73
+                'VS74'  => 0xE0139, # VARIATION SELECTOR-74
+                'VS75'  => 0xE013A, # VARIATION SELECTOR-75
+                'VS76'  => 0xE013B, # VARIATION SELECTOR-76
+                'VS77'  => 0xE013C, # VARIATION SELECTOR-77
+                'VS78'  => 0xE013D, # VARIATION SELECTOR-78
+                'VS79'  => 0xE013E, # VARIATION SELECTOR-79
+                'VS80'  => 0xE013F, # VARIATION SELECTOR-80
+                'VS81'  => 0xE0140, # VARIATION SELECTOR-81
+                'VS82'  => 0xE0141, # VARIATION SELECTOR-82
+                'VS83'  => 0xE0142, # VARIATION SELECTOR-83
+                'VS84'  => 0xE0143, # VARIATION SELECTOR-84
+                'VS85'  => 0xE0144, # VARIATION SELECTOR-85
+                'VS86'  => 0xE0145, # VARIATION SELECTOR-86
+                'VS87'  => 0xE0146, # VARIATION SELECTOR-87
+                'VS88'  => 0xE0147, # VARIATION SELECTOR-88
+                'VS89'  => 0xE0148, # VARIATION SELECTOR-89
+                'VS90'  => 0xE0149, # VARIATION SELECTOR-90
+                'VS91'  => 0xE014A, # VARIATION SELECTOR-91
+                'VS92'  => 0xE014B, # VARIATION SELECTOR-92
+                'VS93'  => 0xE014C, # VARIATION SELECTOR-93
+                'VS94'  => 0xE014D, # VARIATION SELECTOR-94
+                'VS95'  => 0xE014E, # VARIATION SELECTOR-95
+                'VS96'  => 0xE014F, # VARIATION SELECTOR-96
+                'VS97'  => 0xE0150, # VARIATION SELECTOR-97
+                'VS98'  => 0xE0151, # VARIATION SELECTOR-98
+                'VS99'  => 0xE0152, # VARIATION SELECTOR-99
+                'VS100' => 0xE0153, # VARIATION SELECTOR-100
+                'VS101' => 0xE0154, # VARIATION SELECTOR-101
+                'VS102' => 0xE0155, # VARIATION SELECTOR-102
+                'VS103' => 0xE0156, # VARIATION SELECTOR-103
+                'VS104' => 0xE0157, # VARIATION SELECTOR-104
+                'VS105' => 0xE0158, # VARIATION SELECTOR-105
+                'VS106' => 0xE0159, # VARIATION SELECTOR-106
+                'VS107' => 0xE015A, # VARIATION SELECTOR-107
+                'VS108' => 0xE015B, # VARIATION SELECTOR-108
+                'VS109' => 0xE015C, # VARIATION SELECTOR-109
+                'VS110' => 0xE015D, # VARIATION SELECTOR-110
+                'VS111' => 0xE015E, # VARIATION SELECTOR-111
+                'VS112' => 0xE015F, # VARIATION SELECTOR-112
+                'VS113' => 0xE0160, # VARIATION SELECTOR-113
+                'VS114' => 0xE0161, # VARIATION SELECTOR-114
+                'VS115' => 0xE0162, # VARIATION SELECTOR-115
+                'VS116' => 0xE0163, # VARIATION SELECTOR-116
+                'VS117' => 0xE0164, # VARIATION SELECTOR-117
+                'VS118' => 0xE0165, # VARIATION SELECTOR-118
+                'VS119' => 0xE0166, # VARIATION SELECTOR-119
+                'VS120' => 0xE0167, # VARIATION SELECTOR-120
+                'VS121' => 0xE0168, # VARIATION SELECTOR-121
+                'VS122' => 0xE0169, # VARIATION SELECTOR-122
+                'VS123' => 0xE016A, # VARIATION SELECTOR-123
+                'VS124' => 0xE016B, # VARIATION SELECTOR-124
+                'VS125' => 0xE016C, # VARIATION SELECTOR-125
+                'VS126' => 0xE016D, # VARIATION SELECTOR-126
+                'VS127' => 0xE016E, # VARIATION SELECTOR-127
+                'VS128' => 0xE016F, # VARIATION SELECTOR-128
+                'VS129' => 0xE0170, # VARIATION SELECTOR-129
+                'VS130' => 0xE0171, # VARIATION SELECTOR-130
+                'VS131' => 0xE0172, # VARIATION SELECTOR-131
+                'VS132' => 0xE0173, # VARIATION SELECTOR-132
+                'VS133' => 0xE0174, # VARIATION SELECTOR-133
+                'VS134' => 0xE0175, # VARIATION SELECTOR-134
+                'VS135' => 0xE0176, # VARIATION SELECTOR-135
+                'VS136' => 0xE0177, # VARIATION SELECTOR-136
+                'VS137' => 0xE0178, # VARIATION SELECTOR-137
+                'VS138' => 0xE0179, # VARIATION SELECTOR-138
+                'VS139' => 0xE017A, # VARIATION SELECTOR-139
+                'VS140' => 0xE017B, # VARIATION SELECTOR-140
+                'VS141' => 0xE017C, # VARIATION SELECTOR-141
+                'VS142' => 0xE017D, # VARIATION SELECTOR-142
+                'VS143' => 0xE017E, # VARIATION SELECTOR-143
+                'VS144' => 0xE017F, # VARIATION SELECTOR-144
+                'VS145' => 0xE0180, # VARIATION SELECTOR-145
+                'VS146' => 0xE0181, # VARIATION SELECTOR-146
+                'VS147' => 0xE0182, # VARIATION SELECTOR-147
+                'VS148' => 0xE0183, # VARIATION SELECTOR-148
+                'VS149' => 0xE0184, # VARIATION SELECTOR-149
+                'VS150' => 0xE0185, # VARIATION SELECTOR-150
+                'VS151' => 0xE0186, # VARIATION SELECTOR-151
+                'VS152' => 0xE0187, # VARIATION SELECTOR-152
+                'VS153' => 0xE0188, # VARIATION SELECTOR-153
+                'VS154' => 0xE0189, # VARIATION SELECTOR-154
+                'VS155' => 0xE018A, # VARIATION SELECTOR-155
+                'VS156' => 0xE018B, # VARIATION SELECTOR-156
+                'VS157' => 0xE018C, # VARIATION SELECTOR-157
+                'VS158' => 0xE018D, # VARIATION SELECTOR-158
+                'VS159' => 0xE018E, # VARIATION SELECTOR-159
+                'VS160' => 0xE018F, # VARIATION SELECTOR-160
+                'VS161' => 0xE0190, # VARIATION SELECTOR-161
+                'VS162' => 0xE0191, # VARIATION SELECTOR-162
+                'VS163' => 0xE0192, # VARIATION SELECTOR-163
+                'VS164' => 0xE0193, # VARIATION SELECTOR-164
+                'VS165' => 0xE0194, # VARIATION SELECTOR-165
+                'VS166' => 0xE0195, # VARIATION SELECTOR-166
+                'VS167' => 0xE0196, # VARIATION SELECTOR-167
+                'VS168' => 0xE0197, # VARIATION SELECTOR-168
+                'VS169' => 0xE0198, # VARIATION SELECTOR-169
+                'VS170' => 0xE0199, # VARIATION SELECTOR-170
+                'VS171' => 0xE019A, # VARIATION SELECTOR-171
+                'VS172' => 0xE019B, # VARIATION SELECTOR-172
+                'VS173' => 0xE019C, # VARIATION SELECTOR-173
+                'VS174' => 0xE019D, # VARIATION SELECTOR-174
+                'VS175' => 0xE019E, # VARIATION SELECTOR-175
+                'VS176' => 0xE019F, # VARIATION SELECTOR-176
+                'VS177' => 0xE01A0, # VARIATION SELECTOR-177
+                'VS178' => 0xE01A1, # VARIATION SELECTOR-178
+                'VS179' => 0xE01A2, # VARIATION SELECTOR-179
+                'VS180' => 0xE01A3, # VARIATION SELECTOR-180
+                'VS181' => 0xE01A4, # VARIATION SELECTOR-181
+                'VS182' => 0xE01A5, # VARIATION SELECTOR-182
+                'VS183' => 0xE01A6, # VARIATION SELECTOR-183
+                'VS184' => 0xE01A7, # VARIATION SELECTOR-184
+                'VS185' => 0xE01A8, # VARIATION SELECTOR-185
+                'VS186' => 0xE01A9, # VARIATION SELECTOR-186
+                'VS187' => 0xE01AA, # VARIATION SELECTOR-187
+                'VS188' => 0xE01AB, # VARIATION SELECTOR-188
+                'VS189' => 0xE01AC, # VARIATION SELECTOR-189
+                'VS190' => 0xE01AD, # VARIATION SELECTOR-190
+                'VS191' => 0xE01AE, # VARIATION SELECTOR-191
+                'VS192' => 0xE01AF, # VARIATION SELECTOR-192
+                'VS193' => 0xE01B0, # VARIATION SELECTOR-193
+                'VS194' => 0xE01B1, # VARIATION SELECTOR-194
+                'VS195' => 0xE01B2, # VARIATION SELECTOR-195
+                'VS196' => 0xE01B3, # VARIATION SELECTOR-196
+                'VS197' => 0xE01B4, # VARIATION SELECTOR-197
+                'VS198' => 0xE01B5, # VARIATION SELECTOR-198
+                'VS199' => 0xE01B6, # VARIATION SELECTOR-199
+                'VS200' => 0xE01B7, # VARIATION SELECTOR-200
+                'VS201' => 0xE01B8, # VARIATION SELECTOR-201
+                'VS202' => 0xE01B9, # VARIATION SELECTOR-202
+                'VS203' => 0xE01BA, # VARIATION SELECTOR-203
+                'VS204' => 0xE01BB, # VARIATION SELECTOR-204
+                'VS205' => 0xE01BC, # VARIATION SELECTOR-205
+                'VS206' => 0xE01BD, # VARIATION SELECTOR-206
+                'VS207' => 0xE01BE, # VARIATION SELECTOR-207
+                'VS208' => 0xE01BF, # VARIATION SELECTOR-208
+                'VS209' => 0xE01C0, # VARIATION SELECTOR-209
+                'VS210' => 0xE01C1, # VARIATION SELECTOR-210
+                'VS211' => 0xE01C2, # VARIATION SELECTOR-211
+                'VS212' => 0xE01C3, # VARIATION SELECTOR-212
+                'VS213' => 0xE01C4, # VARIATION SELECTOR-213
+                'VS214' => 0xE01C5, # VARIATION SELECTOR-214
+                'VS215' => 0xE01C6, # VARIATION SELECTOR-215
+                'VS216' => 0xE01C7, # VARIATION SELECTOR-216
+                'VS217' => 0xE01C8, # VARIATION SELECTOR-217
+                'VS218' => 0xE01C9, # VARIATION SELECTOR-218
+                'VS219' => 0xE01CA, # VARIATION SELECTOR-219
+                'VS220' => 0xE01CB, # VARIATION SELECTOR-220
+                'VS221' => 0xE01CC, # VARIATION SELECTOR-221
+                'VS222' => 0xE01CD, # VARIATION SELECTOR-222
+                'VS223' => 0xE01CE, # VARIATION SELECTOR-223
+                'VS224' => 0xE01CF, # VARIATION SELECTOR-224
+                'VS225' => 0xE01D0, # VARIATION SELECTOR-225
+                'VS226' => 0xE01D1, # VARIATION SELECTOR-226
+                'VS227' => 0xE01D2, # VARIATION SELECTOR-227
+                'VS228' => 0xE01D3, # VARIATION SELECTOR-228
+                'VS229' => 0xE01D4, # VARIATION SELECTOR-229
+                'VS230' => 0xE01D5, # VARIATION SELECTOR-230
+                'VS231' => 0xE01D6, # VARIATION SELECTOR-231
+                'VS232' => 0xE01D7, # VARIATION SELECTOR-232
+                'VS233' => 0xE01D8, # VARIATION SELECTOR-233
+                'VS234' => 0xE01D9, # VARIATION SELECTOR-234
+                'VS235' => 0xE01DA, # VARIATION SELECTOR-235
+                'VS236' => 0xE01DB, # VARIATION SELECTOR-236
+                'VS237' => 0xE01DC, # VARIATION SELECTOR-237
+                'VS238' => 0xE01DD, # VARIATION SELECTOR-238
+                'VS239' => 0xE01DE, # VARIATION SELECTOR-239
+                'VS240' => 0xE01DF, # VARIATION SELECTOR-240
+                'VS241' => 0xE01E0, # VARIATION SELECTOR-241
+                'VS242' => 0xE01E1, # VARIATION SELECTOR-242
+                'VS243' => 0xE01E2, # VARIATION SELECTOR-243
+                'VS244' => 0xE01E3, # VARIATION SELECTOR-244
+                'VS245' => 0xE01E4, # VARIATION SELECTOR-245
+                'VS246' => 0xE01E5, # VARIATION SELECTOR-246
+                'VS247' => 0xE01E6, # VARIATION SELECTOR-247
+                'VS248' => 0xE01E7, # VARIATION SELECTOR-248
+                'VS249' => 0xE01E8, # VARIATION SELECTOR-249
+                'VS250' => 0xE01E9, # VARIATION SELECTOR-250
+                'VS251' => 0xE01EA, # VARIATION SELECTOR-251
+                'VS252' => 0xE01EB, # VARIATION SELECTOR-252
+                'VS253' => 0xE01EC, # VARIATION SELECTOR-253
+                'VS254' => 0xE01ED, # VARIATION SELECTOR-254
+                'VS255' => 0xE01EE, # VARIATION SELECTOR-255
+                'VS256' => 0xE01EF, # VARIATION SELECTOR-256
+                'WJ'    => 0x2060, # WORD JOINER
+                'ZWJ'   => 0x200D, # ZERO WIDTH JOINER
+                'ZWNJ'  => 0x200C, # ZERO WIDTH NON-JOINER
+                'ZWSP'  => 0x200B, # ZERO WIDTH SPACE
+            );
+
+my %deprecated_aliases = (
+                # Pre-3.2 compatibility (only for the first 256 characters).
+                # Use of these gives deprecated message.
+                'HORIZONTAL TABULATION' => 0x09, # CHARACTER TABULATION
+                'VERTICAL TABULATION'   => 0x0B, # LINE TABULATION
+                'FILE SEPARATOR'        => 0x1C, # INFORMATION SEPARATOR FOUR
+                'GROUP SEPARATOR'       => 0x1D, # INFORMATION SEPARATOR THREE
+                'RECORD SEPARATOR'      => 0x1E, # INFORMATION SEPARATOR TWO
+                'UNIT SEPARATOR'        => 0x1F, # INFORMATION SEPARATOR ONE
+                'HORIZONTAL TABULATION SET' => 0x88, # CHARACTER TABULATION SET
+                'HORIZONTAL TABULATION WITH JUSTIFICATION' => 0x89, # CHARACTER TABULATION WITH JUSTIFICATION
+                'PARTIAL LINE DOWN'       => 0x8B, # PARTIAL LINE FORWARD
+                'PARTIAL LINE UP'         => 0x8C, # PARTIAL LINE BACKWARD
+                'VERTICAL TABULATION SET' => 0x8A, # LINE TABULATION SET
+                'REVERSE INDEX'           => 0x8D, # REVERSE LINE FEED
+            );
+
+
+my $txt;  # The table of official character names
+
+my %full_names_cache; # Holds already-looked-up names, so don't have to
+# re-look them up again.  The previous versions of charnames had scoping
+# bugs.  For example if we use script A in one scope and find and cache
+# what Z resolves to, we can't use that cache in a different scope that
+# uses script B instead of A, as Z might be an entirely different letter
+# there; or there might be different aliases in effect in different
+# scopes, or :short may be in effect or not effect in different scopes,
+# or various combinations thereof.  This was solved in this version
+# mostly by moving things to %^H.  But some things couldn't be moved
+# there.  One of them was the cache of runtime looked-up names, in part
+# because %^H is read-only at runtime.  I (khw) don't know why the cache
+# was run-time only in the previous versions: perhaps oversight; perhaps
+# that compile time looking doesn't happen in a loop so didn't think it
+# was worthwhile; perhaps not wanting to make the cache too large.  But
+# I decided to make it compile time as well; this could easily be
+# changed.
+# Anyway, this hash is not scoped, and is added to at runtime.  It
+# doesn't have scoping problems because the data in it is restricted to
+# official names, which are always invariant, and we only set it and
+# look at it at during :full lookups, so is unaffected by any other
+# scoped options.  I put this in to maintain parity with the older
+# version.  If desired, a %short_names cache could also be made, as well
+# as one for each script, say in %script_names_cache, with each key
+# being a hash for a script named in a 'use charnames' statement.  I
+# decided not to do that for now, just because it's added complication,
+# and because I'm just trying to maintain parity, not extend it.
+
+# Designed so that test decimal first, and then hex.  Leading zeros
+# imply non-decimal, as do non-[0-9]
+my $decimal_qr = qr/^[1-9]\d*$/;
+
+# Returns the hex number in $1.
+my $hex_qr = qr/^(?:[Uu]\+|0[xX])?([[:xdigit:]]+)$/;
+
+sub croak
+{
+  require Carp; goto &Carp::croak;
+} # croak
+
+sub carp
+{
+  require Carp; goto &Carp::carp;
+} # carp
+
+sub alias (@) # Set up a single alias
+{
+  my $alias = ref $_[0] ? $_[0] : { @_ };
+  foreach my $name (keys %$alias) {
+    my $value = $alias->{$name};
+    next unless defined $value;          # Omit if screwed up.
+
+    # Is slightly slower to just after this statement see if it is
+    # decimal, since we already know it is after having converted from
+    # hex, but makes the code easier to maintain, and is called
+    # infrequently, only at compile-time
+    if ($value !~ $decimal_qr && $value =~ $hex_qr) {
+      $value = CORE::hex $1;
+    }
+    if ($value =~ $decimal_qr) {
+        $^H{charnames_ord_aliases}{$name} = $value;
+
+        # Use a canonical form.
+        $^H{charnames_inverse_ords}{sprintf("%05X", $value)} = $name;

     }
     }

+    else {
+        # XXX validate syntax when deprecation cycle complete. ie. start
+        # with an alpha only, etc.
+        $^H{charnames_name_aliases}{$name} = $value;
+    }
+  }
+} # alias
+
+sub not_legal_use_bytes_msg {
+  my ($name, $ord) = @_;
+  return sprintf("Character 0x%04x with name '$name' is above 0xFF with 'use bytes' in effect", $ord);
+}
+
+sub alias_file ($)  # Reads a file containing alias definitions
+{
+  my ($arg, $file) = @_;
+  if (-f $arg && File::Spec->file_name_is_absolute ($arg)) {
+    $file = $arg;

   }
   }

-  unless (@off) {
-    my $case = ( $name =~ /[[:upper:]]/ ? "CAPITAL" : "SMALL");
-    for ( @{$^H{charnames_scripts}} ) {
-      (@off = ($-[0], $+[0])), last 
-       if $txt =~ m/\t\t$_ (?:$case )?LETTER \U$name$/m;
+  elsif ($arg =~ m/^\w+$/) {
+    $file = "unicore/${arg}_alias.pl";
+  }
+  else {
+    croak "Charnames alias files can only have identifier characters";
+  }
+  if (my @alias = do $file) {
+    @alias == 1 && !defined $alias[0] and
+      croak "$file cannot be used as alias file for charnames";
+    @alias % 2 and
+      croak "$file did not return a (valid) list of alias pairs";
+    alias (@alias);
+    return (1);
+  }
+  0;
+} # alias_file
+
+# For use when don't import anything.  This structure must be kept in
+# sync with the one that import() fills up.
+my %dummy_H = (
+                charnames_stringified_names => "",
+                charnames_stringified_ords => "",
+                charnames_scripts => "",
+                charnames_full => 1,
+                charnames_short => 0,
+              );
+
+
+sub lookup_name ($;$) {
+
+  # Finds the ordinal of a character name, first in the aliases, then in
+  # the large table.  If not found, returns undef if runtime; if
+  # compile, complains and returns the Unicode replacement character.
+
+  my $runtime = (@_ > 1);  # compile vs run time
+
+  my ($name, $hints_ref) = @_;
+
+  my $utf8;       # The string result
+  my $save_input;
+
+  if ($runtime) {
+
+    # If we didn't import anything (which happens with 'use charnames ()',
+    # substitute a dummy structure.
+    $hints_ref = \%dummy_H if ! defined $hints_ref
+                              || ! defined $hints_ref->{charnames_full};
+
+    # At runtime, but currently not at compile time, $^H gets
+    # stringified, so un-stringify back to the original data structures.
+    # These get thrown away by perl before the next invocation
+    # Also fill in the hash with the non-stringified data.
+    # N.B.  New fields must be also added to %dummy_H
+
+    %{$^H{charnames_name_aliases}} = split ',',
+                                      $hints_ref->{charnames_stringified_names};
+    %{$^H{charnames_ord_aliases}} = split ',',
+                                      $hints_ref->{charnames_stringified_ords};
+    $^H{charnames_scripts} = $hints_ref->{charnames_scripts};
+    $^H{charnames_full} = $hints_ref->{charnames_full};
+    $^H{charnames_short} = $hints_ref->{charnames_short};
+  }
+
+  # User alias should be checked first or else can't override ours, and if we
+  # were to add any, could conflict with theirs.
+  if (exists $^H{charnames_ord_aliases}{$name}) {
+    $utf8 = $^H{charnames_ord_aliases}{$name};
+  }
+  elsif (exists $^H{charnames_name_aliases}{$name}) {
+    $name = $^H{charnames_name_aliases}{$name};
+    $save_input = $name;  # Cache the result for any error message
+  }
+  elsif (exists $system_aliases{$name}) {
+    $utf8 = $system_aliases{$name};
+  }
+  elsif (exists $deprecated_aliases{$name}) {
+    require warnings;
+    warnings::warnif('deprecated', "Unicode character name \"$name\" is deprecated, use \"" . viacode($deprecated_aliases{$name}) . "\" instead");
+    $utf8 = $deprecated_aliases{$name};
+  }
+
+  my @off;
+
+  if (! defined $utf8) {
+
+    # See if has looked this input up earlier.
+    if ($^H{charnames_full} && exists $full_names_cache{$name}) {
+      $utf8 = $full_names_cache{$name};
+    }
+    else {
+
+      ## Suck in the code/name list as a big string.
+      ## Lines look like:
+      ##     "00052\tLATIN CAPITAL LETTER R\n"
+      $txt = do "unicore/Name.pl" unless $txt;
+
+      ## @off will hold the index into the code/name string of the start and
+      ## end of the name as we find it.
+
+      ## If :full, look for the name exactly; runtime implies full
+      my $found_full_in_table = 0;  # Tells us if can cache the result
+      if ($^H{charnames_full}) {
+
+        # See if the name is one which is algorithmically determinable.
+        # The subroutine is included in Name.pl.  The table contained in
+        # $txt doesn't contain these.  Experiments show that checking
+        # for these before checking for the regular names has no
+        # noticeable impact on performance for the regular names, but
+        # the other way around slows down finding these immensely.
+        # Algorithmically determinables are not placed in the cache (that
+        # $found_full_in_table indicates) because that uses up memory,
+        # and finding these again is fast.
+        if (! defined ($utf8 = name_to_code_point_special($name))) {
+
+          # Not algorthmically determinable; look up in the table.
+          if ($txt =~ /\t\Q$name\E$/m) {
+            @off = ($-[0] + 1, $+[0]);    # The 1 is for the tab
+            $found_full_in_table = 1;
+          }
+        }
+      }
+
+      # If we didn't get it above, keep looking
+      if (! $found_full_in_table && ! defined $utf8) {
+
+        # If :short is allowed, see if input is like "greek:Sigma".
+        my $scripts_trie;
+        if (($^H{charnames_short})
+            && $name =~ /^ \s* (.+?) \s* : \s* (.+?) \s* $ /xs)
+        {
+            $scripts_trie = "\U\Q$1";
+            $name = $2;
+        }
+        else { # Otherwise look in allowed scripts
+            $scripts_trie = $^H{charnames_scripts};
+        }
+
+        my $case = $name =~ /[[:upper:]]/ ? "CAPITAL" : "SMALL";
+        if ($txt !~
+            /\t (?: $scripts_trie ) \ (?:$case\ )? LETTER \ \U\Q$name\E $/xm)
+        {
+          # Here we still don't have it, give up.
+          return if $runtime;
+
+          # May have zapped input name, get it again.
+          $name = (defined $save_input) ? $save_input : $_[0];
+          carp "Unknown charname '$name'";
+          return 0xFFFD;
+        }
+
+        @off = ($-[0] + 1, $+[0]);  # The 1 is for the tab
+      }
+
+      if (! defined $utf8) {
+
+        # Now know where in the string the name starts.
+        # The code, 5 hex digits long (and a tab), is before that.
+        $utf8 = CORE::hex substr($txt, $off[0] - 6, 5);
+      }
+
+      # Cache the input so as to not have to search the large table
+      # again, but only if it came from the one search that we cache.
+      $full_names_cache{$name} = $utf8 if $found_full_in_table;

     }
   }
     }
   }

-  die "Unknown charname '$name'" unless @off;

 
 

-  my $hexlen = 4; # Unicode guarantees 4-, 5-, or 6-digit format
-  $hexlen++ while
-      $hexlen < 6 && substr($txt, $off[0] - $hexlen - 1, 1) =~ /[0-9a-f]/;
-  my $ord = hex substr $txt, $off[0] - $hexlen, $hexlen;
-  if ($^H & $bytes::hint_bits) {       # "use bytes" in effect?
-    use bytes;
-    return chr $ord if $ord <= 255;
-    my $hex = sprintf '%X=0%o', $ord, $ord;
-    my $fname = substr $txt, $off[0] + 2, $off[1] - $off[0] - 2;
-    die "Character 0x$hex with name '$fname' is above 0xFF";
+  return $utf8 if $runtime || $utf8 <= 255 || ! ($^H & $bytes::hint_bits);
+
+  # Here is compile time, "use bytes" is in effect, and the character
+  # won't fit in a byte
+  # Prefer any official name over the input one.
+  if (@off) {
+    $name = substr($txt, $off[0], $off[1] - $off[0]) if @off;

   }
   }

-  return chr $ord;
+  else {
+    $name = (defined $save_input) ? $save_input : $_[0];
+  }
+  croak not_legal_use_bytes_msg($name, $utf8);
+} # lookup_name
+
+sub charnames {
+  my $name = shift;
+
+  # For \N{...}.  Looks up the character name and returns the string
+  # representation of it.
+
+  my $ord = lookup_name($name);
+  return if ! defined $ord;
+  return chr $ord if $^H & $bytes::hint_bits;
+
+  no warnings 'utf8'; # allow even illegal characters
+  return pack "U", $ord;

 }
 
 }
 

-sub import {
-  shift;
-  die "`use charnames' needs explicit imports list" unless @_;
-  $^H |= $charnames::hint_bits;
+sub import
+{
+  shift; ## ignore class name
+
+  if (not @_) {
+    carp("`use charnames' needs explicit imports list");
+  }

   $^H{charnames} = \&charnames ;
   $^H{charnames} = \&charnames ;

-  my %h;
-  @h{@_} = (1) x @_;
-  $^H{charnames_full} = delete $h{':full'};
-  $^H{charnames_short} = delete $h{':short'};
-  $^H{charnames_scripts} = [map uc, keys %h];
-  if (warnings::enabled('utf8') && @{$^H{charnames_scripts}}) {
-       $txt = do "unicode/Name.pl" unless $txt;
-    for (@{$^H{charnames_scripts}}) {
-        warnings::warn('utf8',  "No such script: '$_'") unless
-           $txt =~ m/\t\t$_ (?:CAPITAL |SMALL )?LETTER /;
-       }
+  $^H{charnames_ord_aliases} = {};
+  $^H{charnames_name_aliases} = {};
+  $^H{charnames_inverse_ords} = {};
+  # New fields must be added to %dummy_H, and the code in lookup_name()
+  # that copies fields from the runtime structure
+
+  ##
+  ## fill %h keys with our @_ args.
+  ##
+  my ($promote, %h, @args) = (0);
+  while (my $arg = shift) {
+    if ($arg eq ":alias") {
+      @_ or
+        croak ":alias needs an argument in charnames";
+      my $alias = shift;
+      if (ref $alias) {
+        ref $alias eq "HASH" or
+          croak "Only HASH reference supported as argument to :alias";
+        alias ($alias);
+        next;
+      }
+      if ($alias =~ m{:(\w+)$}) {
+        $1 eq "full" || $1 eq "short" and
+          croak ":alias cannot use existing pragma :$1 (reversed order?)";
+        alias_file ($1) and $promote = 1;
+        next;
+      }
+      alias_file ($alias);
+      next;
+    }
+    if (substr($arg, 0, 1) eq ':' and ! ($arg eq ":full" || $arg eq ":short")) {
+      warn "unsupported special '$arg' in charnames";
+      next;
+    }
+    push @args, $arg;

   }
   }

-}
+  @args == 0 && $promote and @args = (":full");
+  @h{@args} = (1) x @args;
+
+  $^H{charnames_full} = delete $h{':full'} || 0;  # Don't leave undefined,
+                                                  # as tested for in
+                                                  # lookup_names
+  $^H{charnames_short} = delete $h{':short'} || 0;
+  my @scripts = map uc, keys %h;
+
+  ##
+  ## If utf8? warnings are enabled, and some scripts were given,
+  ## see if at least we can find one letter from each script.
+  ##
+  if (warnings::enabled('utf8') && @scripts) {
+    $txt = do "unicore/Name.pl" unless $txt;
+
+    for my $script (@scripts) {
+      if (not $txt =~ m/\t$script (?:CAPITAL |SMALL )?LETTER /) {
+        warnings::warn('utf8',  "No such script: '$script'");
+        $script = quotemeta $script;  # Escape it, for use in the re.
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  # %^H gets stringified, so serialize it ourselves so can extract the
+  # real data back later.
+  $^H{charnames_stringified_ords} = join ",", %{$^H{charnames_ord_aliases}};
+  $^H{charnames_stringified_names} = join ",", %{$^H{charnames_name_aliases}};
+  $^H{charnames_stringified_inverse_ords} = join ",", %{$^H{charnames_inverse_ords}};
+  $^H{charnames_scripts} = join "|", @scripts;  # Stringifiy them as a trie
+} # import
+
+# Cache of already looked-up values.  This is set to only contain
+# official values, and user aliases can't override them, so scoping is
+# not an issue.
+my %viacode;
+
+sub viacode {
+
+  # Returns the name of the code point argument
+
+  if (@_ != 1) {
+    carp "charnames::viacode() expects one argument";
+    return;
+  }
+
+  my $arg = shift;
+
+  # This is derived from Unicode::UCD, where it is nearly the same as the
+  # function _getcode(), but here it makes sure that even a hex argument
+  # has the proper number of leading zeros, which is critical in
+  # matching against $txt below
+  # Must check if decimal first; see comments at that definition
+  my $hex;
+  if ($arg =~ $decimal_qr) {
+    $hex = sprintf "%05X", $arg;
+  } elsif ($arg =~ $hex_qr) {
+    # Below is the line that differs from the _getcode() source
+    $hex = sprintf "%05X", hex $1;
+  } else {
+    carp("unexpected arg \"$arg\" to charnames::viacode()");
+    return;
+  }
+
+  return $viacode{$hex} if exists $viacode{$hex};
+
+  # If the code point is above the max in the table, there's no point
+  # looking through it.  Checking the length first is slightly faster
+  if (length($hex) <= 5 || CORE::hex($hex) <= 0x10FFFF) {
+    $txt = do "unicore/Name.pl" unless $txt;
+
+    # See if the name is algorithmically determinable.
+    my $algorithmic = code_point_to_name_special(CORE::hex $hex);
+    if (defined $algorithmic) {
+      $viacode{$hex} = $algorithmic;
+      return $algorithmic;
+    }
+
+    # Return the official name, if exists.  It's unclear to me (khw) at
+    # this juncture if it is better to return a user-defined override, so
+    # leaving it as is for now.
+    if ($txt =~ m/^$hex\t/m) {
+
+        # The name starts with the next character and goes up to the
+        # next new-line.  Using capturing parentheses above instead of
+        # @+ more than doubles the execution time in Perl 5.13
+        $viacode{$hex} = substr($txt, $+[0], index($txt, "\n", $+[0]) - $+[0]);
+        return $viacode{$hex};
+    }
+  }
+
+  # See if there is a user name for it, before giving up completely.
+  # First get the scoped aliases, give up if have none.
+  my $H_ref = (caller(0))[10];
+  return if ! defined $H_ref
+            || ! exists $H_ref->{charnames_stringified_inverse_ords};
+
+  my %code_point_aliases = split ',',
+                          $H_ref->{charnames_stringified_inverse_ords};
+  if (! exists $code_point_aliases{$hex}) {
+    if (CORE::hex($hex) > 0x10FFFF) {
+        carp "Unicode characters only allocated up to U+10FFFF (you asked for U+$hex)";
+    }
+    return;
+  }
+
+  return $code_point_aliases{$hex};
+} # viacode
+
+sub vianame
+{
+  if (@_ != 1) {
+    carp "charnames::vianame() expects one name argument";
+    return ()
+  }
+
+  # Looks up the character name and returns its ordinal if
+  # found, undef otherwise.
+
+  my $arg = shift;
+
+  if ($arg =~ /^U\+([0-9a-fA-F]+)$/) {
+
+    # khw claims that this is bad.  The function should return either a
+    # an ord or a chr for all inputs; not be bipolar.
+    my $ord = CORE::hex $1;
+    return chr $ord if $ord <= 255 || ! ((caller 0)[8] & $bytes::hint_bits);
+    carp not_legal_use_bytes_msg($arg, $ord);
+    return;
+  }
+
+  return lookup_name($arg, (caller(0))[10]);
+} # vianame

 
 
 1;
 
 
 1;


@@ -73,7 +863,7 @@ __END__
 
 =head1 NAME
 
 
 =head1 NAME
 

-charnames - define character names for C<\N{named}> string literal escape.
+charnames - access to Unicode character names; define character names for C<\N{named}> string literal escapes

 
 =head1 SYNOPSIS
 
 
 =head1 SYNOPSIS
 


@@ -86,31 +876,302 @@ charnames - define character names for C<\N{named}> string literal escape.
   use charnames qw(cyrillic greek);
   print "\N{sigma} is Greek sigma, and \N{be} is Cyrillic b.\n";
 
   use charnames qw(cyrillic greek);
   print "\N{sigma} is Greek sigma, and \N{be} is Cyrillic b.\n";
 

-  use charnames ...; # either :full or :short will do
-  print "This is Unicode code point \N{U+263A}\n"; # explicit code point
+  use charnames ":full", ":alias" => {
+    e_ACUTE => "LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE",
+    mychar => 0xE8000,  # Private use area
+  };
+  print "\N{e_ACUTE} is a small letter e with an acute.\n";
+  print "\\N{mychar} allows me to name private use characters.\n";
+
+  use charnames ();
+  print charnames::viacode(0x1234); # prints "ETHIOPIC SYLLABLE SEE"
+  printf "%04X", charnames::vianame("GOTHIC LETTER AHSA"); # prints
+                                                           # "10330"

 
 =head1 DESCRIPTION
 
 
 =head1 DESCRIPTION
 

-Pragma C<use charnames> supports arguments C<:full>, C<:short> and
-script names.  If C<:full> is present, for expansion of
-C<\N{CHARNAME}}> string C<CHARNAME> is first looked in the list of
-standard Unicode names of chars.  If C<:short> is present, and
-C<CHARNAME> has the form C<SCRIPT:CNAME>, then C<CNAME> is looked up
-as a letter in script C<SCRIPT>.  If pragma C<use charnames> is used
-with script name arguments, then for C<\N{CHARNAME}}> the name
-C<CHARNAME> is looked up as a letter in the given scripts (in the
-specified order).
-
-For lookup of C<CHARNAME> inside a given script C<SCRIPTNAME>
+Pragma C<use charnames> is used to gain access to the names of the
+Unicode characters, and to allow you to define your own character names.
+
+All forms of the pragma enable use of the
+L</charnames::vianame(I<name>)> function for run-time lookup of a
+character name to get its ordinal (code point), and the inverse
+function, L</charnames::viacode(I<code>)>.
+
+Forms other than C<S<"use charnames ();">> enable the use of of
+C<\N{I<CHARNAME>}> sequences to compile a Unicode character into a
+string based on its name.
+
+Note that C<\N{U+I<...>}>, where the I<...> is a hexadecimal number,
+also inserts a character into a string, but doesn't require the use of
+this pragma.  The character it inserts is the one whose code point
+(ordinal value) is equal to the number.  For example, C<"\N{U+263a}"> is
+the Unicode (white background, black foreground) smiley face; it doesn't
+require this pragma, whereas the equivalent, C<"\N{WHITE SMILING FACE}">
+does.
+Also, C<\N{I<...>}> can mean a regex quantifier instead of a character
+name, when the I<...> is a number (or comma separated pair of numbers;
+see L<perlreref/QUANTIFIERS>), and is not related to this pragma.
+
+The C<charnames> pragma supports arguments C<:full>, C<:short>, script
+names and customized aliases.  If C<:full> is present, for expansion of
+C<\N{I<CHARNAME>}>, the string I<CHARNAME> is first looked up in the list of
+standard Unicode character names.  If C<:short> is present, and
+I<CHARNAME> has the form C<I<SCRIPT>:I<CNAME>>, then I<CNAME> is looked up
+as a letter in script I<SCRIPT>.  If C<use charnames> is used
+with script name arguments, then for C<\N{I<CHARNAME>}> the name
+I<CHARNAME> is looked up as a letter in the given scripts (in the
+specified order). Customized aliases can override these, and are explained in
+L</CUSTOM ALIASES>.
+
+For lookup of I<CHARNAME> inside a given script I<SCRIPTNAME>

 this pragma looks for the names
 
   SCRIPTNAME CAPITAL LETTER CHARNAME
   SCRIPTNAME SMALL LETTER CHARNAME
   SCRIPTNAME LETTER CHARNAME
 
 this pragma looks for the names
 
   SCRIPTNAME CAPITAL LETTER CHARNAME
   SCRIPTNAME SMALL LETTER CHARNAME
   SCRIPTNAME LETTER CHARNAME
 

-in the table of standard Unicode names.  If C<CHARNAME> is lowercase,
-then the C<CAPITAL> variant is ignored, otherwise the C<SMALL> variant is
-ignored.
+in the table of standard Unicode names.  If I<CHARNAME> is lowercase,
+then the C<CAPITAL> variant is ignored, otherwise the C<SMALL> variant
+is ignored.
+
+Note that C<\N{...}> is compile-time; it's a special form of string
+constant used inside double-quotish strings; this means that you cannot
+use variables inside the C<\N{...}>.  If you want similar run-time
+functionality, use L<charnames::vianame()|/charnames::vianame(I<name>)>.
+
+For the C0 and C1 control characters (U+0000..U+001F, U+0080..U+009F)
+there are no official Unicode names but you can use instead the ISO 6429
+names (LINE FEED, ESCAPE, and so forth, and their abbreviations, LF,
+ESC, ...).  In Unicode 3.2 (as of Perl 5.8) some naming changes took
+place, and ISO 6429 was updated, see L</ALIASES>.
+
+If the input name is unknown, C<\N{NAME}> raises a warning and
+substitutes the Unicode REPLACEMENT CHARACTER (U+FFFD).
+
+It is a fatal error if C<use bytes> is in effect and the input name is
+that of a character that won't fit into a byte (i.e., whose ordinal is
+above 255).
+
+Otherwise, any string that includes a C<\N{I<charname>}> or
+C<S<\N{U+I<code point>}>> will automatically have Unicode semantics (see
+L<perlunicode/Byte and Character Semantics>).
+
+=head1 ALIASES
+
+A few aliases have been defined for convenience: instead of having
+to use the official names
+
+    LINE FEED (LF)
+    FORM FEED (FF)
+    CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)
+    NEXT LINE (NEL)
+
+(yes, with parentheses), one can use
+
+    LINE FEED
+    FORM FEED
+    CARRIAGE RETURN
+    NEXT LINE
+    LF
+    FF
+    CR
+    NEL
+
+All the other standard abbreviations for the controls, such as C<ACK> for
+C<ACKNOWLEDGE> also can be used.
+
+One can also use
+
+    BYTE ORDER MARK
+    BOM
+
+and these abbreviations
+
+    Abbreviation        Full Name
+
+    CGJ                 COMBINING GRAPHEME JOINER
+    FVS1                MONGOLIAN FREE VARIATION SELECTOR ONE
+    FVS2                MONGOLIAN FREE VARIATION SELECTOR TWO
+    FVS3                MONGOLIAN FREE VARIATION SELECTOR THREE
+    LRE                 LEFT-TO-RIGHT EMBEDDING
+    LRM                 LEFT-TO-RIGHT MARK
+    LRO                 LEFT-TO-RIGHT OVERRIDE
+    MMSP                MEDIUM MATHEMATICAL SPACE
+    MVS                 MONGOLIAN VOWEL SEPARATOR
+    NBSP                NO-BREAK SPACE
+    NNBSP               NARROW NO-BREAK SPACE
+    PDF                 POP DIRECTIONAL FORMATTING
+    RLE                 RIGHT-TO-LEFT EMBEDDING
+    RLM                 RIGHT-TO-LEFT MARK
+    RLO                 RIGHT-TO-LEFT OVERRIDE
+    SHY                 SOFT HYPHEN
+    VS1                 VARIATION SELECTOR-1
+    .
+    .
+    .
+    VS256               VARIATION SELECTOR-256
+    WJ                  WORD JOINER
+    ZWJ                 ZERO WIDTH JOINER
+    ZWNJ                ZERO WIDTH NON-JOINER
+    ZWSP                ZERO WIDTH SPACE
+
+For backward compatibility one can use the old names for
+certain C0 and C1 controls
+
+    old                         new
+
+    FILE SEPARATOR              INFORMATION SEPARATOR FOUR
+    GROUP SEPARATOR             INFORMATION SEPARATOR THREE
+    HORIZONTAL TABULATION       CHARACTER TABULATION
+    HORIZONTAL TABULATION SET   CHARACTER TABULATION SET
+    HORIZONTAL TABULATION WITH JUSTIFICATION    CHARACTER TABULATION
+                                                WITH JUSTIFICATION
+    PARTIAL LINE DOWN           PARTIAL LINE FORWARD
+    PARTIAL LINE UP             PARTIAL LINE BACKWARD
+    RECORD SEPARATOR            INFORMATION SEPARATOR TWO
+    REVERSE INDEX               REVERSE LINE FEED
+    UNIT SEPARATOR              INFORMATION SEPARATOR ONE
+    VERTICAL TABULATION         LINE TABULATION
+    VERTICAL TABULATION SET     LINE TABULATION SET
+
+but the old names in addition to giving the character
+will also give a warning about being deprecated.
+
+And finally, certain published variants are usable, including some for
+controls that have no Unicode names:
+
+    name                                   character
+
+    END OF PROTECTED AREA                  END OF GUARDED AREA, U+0097
+    HIGH OCTET PRESET                      U+0081
+    HOP                                    U+0081
+    IND                                    U+0084
+    INDEX                                  U+0084
+    PAD                                    U+0080
+    PADDING CHARACTER                      U+0080
+    PRIVATE USE 1                          PRIVATE USE ONE, U+0091
+    PRIVATE USE 2                          PRIVATE USE TWO, U+0092
+    SGC                                    U+0099
+    SINGLE GRAPHIC CHARACTER INTRODUCER    U+0099
+    SINGLE-SHIFT 2                         SINGLE SHIFT TWO, U+008E
+    SINGLE-SHIFT 3                         SINGLE SHIFT THREE, U+008F
+    START OF PROTECTED AREA                START OF GUARDED AREA, U+0096
+
+=head1 CUSTOM ALIASES
+
+You can add customized aliases to standard (C<:full>) Unicode naming
+conventions.  The aliases override any standard definitions, so, if
+you're twisted enough, you can change C<"\N{LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A}"> to
+mean C<"B">, etc.
+
+Note that an alias should not be something that is a legal curly
+brace-enclosed quantifier (see L<perlreref/QUANTIFIERS>).  For example
+C<\N{123}> means to match 123 non-newline characters, and is not treated as a
+charnames alias.  Aliases are discouraged from beginning with anything
+other than an alphabetic character and from containing anything other
+than alphanumerics, spaces, dashes, parentheses, and underscores.
+Currently they must be ASCII.
+
+An alias can map to either an official Unicode character name or to a
+numeric code point (ordinal).  The latter is useful for assigning names
+to code points in Unicode private use areas such as U+E800 through
+U+F8FF.
+A numeric code point must be a non-negative integer or a string beginning
+with C<"U+"> or C<"0x"> with the remainder considered to be a
+hexadecimal integer.  A literal numeric constant must be unsigned; it
+will be interpreted as hex if it has a leading zero or contains
+non-decimal hex digits; otherwise it will be interpreted as decimal.
+
+Aliases are added either by the use of anonymous hashes:
+
+    use charnames ":alias" => {
+        e_ACUTE => "LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE",
+        mychar1 => 0xE8000,
+        };
+    my $str = "\N{e_ACUTE}";
+
+or by using a file containing aliases:
+
+    use charnames ":alias" => "pro";
+
+will try to read C<"unicore/pro_alias.pl"> from the C<@INC> path. This
+file should return a list in plain perl:
+
+    (
+    A_GRAVE         => "LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH GRAVE",
+    A_CIRCUM        => "LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH CIRCUMFLEX",
+    A_DIAERES       => "LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH DIAERESIS",
+    A_TILDE         => "LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH TILDE",
+    A_BREVE         => "LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH BREVE",
+    A_RING          => "LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH RING ABOVE",
+    A_MACRON        => "LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH MACRON",
+    mychar2         => "U+E8001",
+    );
+
+Both these methods insert C<":full"> automatically as the first argument (if no
+other argument is given), and you can give the C<":full"> explicitly as
+well, like
+
+    use charnames ":full", ":alias" => "pro";
+
+=head1 charnames::viacode(I<code>)
+
+Returns the full name of the character indicated by the numeric code.
+For example,
+
+    print charnames::viacode(0x2722);
+
+prints "FOUR TEARDROP-SPOKED ASTERISK".
+
+The name returned is the official name for the code point, if
+available, otherwise your custom alias for it.  This means that your
+alias will only be returned for code points that don't have an official
+Unicode name (nor Unicode version 1 name), such as private use code
+points, and the 4 control characters U+0080, U+0081, U+0084, and U+0099.
+If you define more than one name for the code point, it is indeterminate
+which one will be returned.
+
+The function returns C<undef> if no name is known for the code point.
+In Unicode the proper name of these is the empty string, which
+C<undef> stringifies to.  (If you ask for a code point past the legal
+Unicode maximum of U+10FFFF that you haven't assigned an alias to, you
+get C<undef> plus a warning.)
+
+The input number must be a non-negative integer or a string beginning
+with C<"U+"> or C<"0x"> with the remainder considered to be a
+hexadecimal integer.  A literal numeric constant must be unsigned; it
+will be interpreted as hex if it has a leading zero or contains
+non-decimal hex digits; otherwise it will be interpreted as decimal.
+
+Notice that the name returned for of U+FEFF is "ZERO WIDTH NO-BREAK
+SPACE", not "BYTE ORDER MARK".
+
+=head1 charnames::vianame(I<name>)
+
+Returns the code point indicated by the name.
+For example,
+
+    printf "%04X", charnames::vianame("FOUR TEARDROP-SPOKED ASTERISK");
+
+prints "2722".
+
+C<vianame> takes the identical inputs that C<\N{...}> does under the
+L<C<:full> option|/DESCRIPTION> to C<charnames>.  In addition, any other
+options for the controlling C<"use charnames"> in the same scope apply,
+like any L<script list, C<:short> option|/DESCRIPTION>, or L<custom
+aliases|/CUSTOM ALIASES> you may have defined.
+
+There are just a few differences.  The main one is that under
+most (see L</BUGS> for the others) circumstances, vianame returns
+an ord, whereas C<\\N{...}> is seamlessly placed as a chr into the
+string in which it appears.  This leads to a second difference.
+Since an ord is returned, it can be that of any character, even one
+that isn't legal under the C<S<use bytes>> pragma.
+
+The final difference is that if the input name is unknown C<vianame>
+returns C<undef> instead of the REPLACEMENT CHARACTER, and it does not
+raise a warning message.

 
 =head1 CUSTOM TRANSLATORS
 
 
 =head1 CUSTOM TRANSLATORS
 


@@ -119,34 +1180,55 @@ hardwired into F<charnames.pm>.  A module can install custom
 translations (inside the scope which C<use>s the module) with the
 following magic incantation:
 
 translations (inside the scope which C<use>s the module) with the
 following magic incantation:
 

-    use charnames ();          # for $charnames::hint_bits

     sub import {
     sub import {

-       shift;
-       $^H |= $charnames::hint_bits;
-       $^H{charnames} = \&translator;
+        shift;
+        $^H{charnames} = \&translator;

     }
 
     }
 

-Here translator() is a subroutine which takes C<CHARNAME> as an
+Here translator() is a subroutine which takes I<CHARNAME> as an

 argument, and returns text to insert into the string instead of the
 argument, and returns text to insert into the string instead of the

-C<\N{CHARNAME}> escape.  Since the text to insert should be different
+C<\N{I<CHARNAME>}> escape.  Since the text to insert should be different

 in C<bytes> mode and out of it, the function should check the current
 state of C<bytes>-flag as in:
 
 in C<bytes> mode and out of it, the function should check the current
 state of C<bytes>-flag as in:
 

-    use bytes ();                      # for $bytes::hint_bits
+    use bytes ();                      # for $bytes::hint_bits

     sub translator {
     sub translator {

-       if ($^H & $bytes::hint_bits) {
-           return bytes_translator(@_);
-       }
-       else {
-           return utf8_translator(@_);
-       }
+        if ($^H & $bytes::hint_bits) {
+            return bytes_translator(@_);
+        }
+        else {
+            return utf8_translator(@_);
+        }

     }
 
     }
 

+See L</CUSTOM ALIASES> above for restrictions on I<CHARNAME>.
+
+Of course, C<vianame> and C<viacode> would need to be overridden as
+well.
+

 =head1 BUGS
 
 =head1 BUGS
 

-Since evaluation of the translation function happens in a middle of
-compilation (of a string literal), the translation function should not
-do any C<eval>s or C<require>s.  This restriction should be lifted in
+vianame returns a chr if the input name is of the form C<U+...>, and an ord
+otherwise.  It is proposed to change this to always return an ord.  Send email
+to C<perl5-porters@perl.org> to comment on this proposal.  If S<C<use
+bytes>> is in effect when a chr is returned, and if that chr won't fit
+into a byte, C<undef> is returned instead.
+
+Names must be ASCII characters only, which means that you are out of luck if
+you want to create aliases in a language where some or all the characters of
+the desired aliases are non-ASCII.
+
+Unicode standard named sequences are not recognized, such as
+C<LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH MACRON AND GRAVE>
+(which should mean C<LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH MACRON> with an additional
+C<COMBINING GRAVE ACCENT>).
+
+Since evaluation of the translation function (see L</CUSTOM
+TRANSLATORS>) happens in the middle of compilation (of a string
+literal), the translation function should not do any C<eval>s or
+C<require>s.  This restriction should be lifted (but is low priority) in

 a future version of Perl.
 
 =cut
 a future version of Perl.
 
 =cut

+
+# ex: set ts=8 sts=2 sw=2 et: