If you read this file _as_is_, just ignore the funny characters you see.
-It is written in the POD format (see pod/perlpod.pod) which is specially
+It is written in the POD format (see F<pod/perlpod.pod>) which is specially
designed to be readable as is.
=head1 NAME
First, make sure you have an up-to-date version of Perl. If you
didn't get your Perl source from CPAN, check the latest version at
-http://www.cpan.org/src/. Perl uses a version scheme where even-numbered
+L<http://www.cpan.org/src/>. Perl uses a version scheme where even-numbered
subreleases (like 5.8.x and 5.10.x) are stable maintenance releases and
odd-numbered subreleases (like 5.7.x and 5.9.x) are unstable
development releases. Development releases should not be used in
Each of these is explained in further detail below.
-The above commands will install Perl to /usr/local (or some other
-platform-specific directory -- see the appropriate file in hints/.)
+The above commands will install Perl to F</usr/local> (or some other
+platform-specific directory -- see the appropriate file in F<hints/>.)
If that's not okay with you, you can run Configure interactively, by
just typing "sh Configure" (without the -de args). You can also specify
-any prefix location by adding "-Dprefix='/some/dir'" to Configure's args.
+any prefix location by adding C<"-Dprefix='/some/dir'"> to Configure's args.
To explicitly name the perl binary, use the command
"make install PERLNAME=myperl".
These options, and many more, are explained in further detail below.
If you're building perl from a git repository, you should also consult
-the documentation in pod/perlgit.pod for information on that special
+the documentation in F<pod/perlgit.pod> for information on that special
circumstance.
If you have problems, corrections, or questions, please see
L<"Reporting Problems"> below.
For information on what's new in this release, see the
-pod/perldelta.pod file. For more information about how to find more
+F<pod/perldelta.pod> file. For more information about how to find more
specific detail about changes, see the Changes file.
=head1 DESCRIPTION
This document is written in pod format as an easy way to indicate its
-structure. The pod format is described in pod/perlpod.pod, but you can
+structure. The pod format is described in F<pod/perlpod.pod>, but you can
read it as is with any pager or editor. Headings and items are marked
by lines beginning with '='. The other mark-up used is
In addition to this file, check if there is a README file specific to
your operating system, since it may provide additional or different
instructions for building Perl. If there is a hint file for your
-system (in the hints/ directory) you might also want to read it
+system (in the F<hints/> directory) you might also want to read it
for even more information.
For additional information about porting Perl, see the section on
-L<"Porting information"> below, and look at the files in the Porting/
+L<"Porting information"> below, and look at the files in the F<Porting/>
directory.
=head1 PRELIMINARIES
=head2 Changes and Incompatibilities
-Please see pod/perldelta.pod for a description of the changes and
+Please see F<pod/perldelta.pod> for a description of the changes and
potential incompatibilities introduced with this release. A few of
the most important issues are listed below, but you should refer
-to pod/perldelta.pod for more detailed information.
+to F<pod/perldelta.pod> for more detailed information.
B<WARNING:> This version is not binary compatible with earlier versions
of Perl. If you have built extensions (i.e. modules that include C code)
On a related issue, old modules may possibly be affected by the changes
in the Perl language in the current release. Please see
-pod/perldelta.pod for a description of what's changed. See your
+F<pod/perldelta.pod> for a description of what's changed. See your
installed copy of the perllocal.pod file for a (possibly incomplete)
list of locally installed modules. Also see the L<CPAN> module's
C<autobundle> function for one way to make a "bundle" of your currently
Configure -h
-to get a listing. See the Porting/Glossary file for a complete list of
+to get a listing. See the F<Porting/Glossary> file for a complete list of
Configure variables you can set and their definitions.
=over 4
=item Installation prefix
By default, for most systems, perl will be installed in
-/usr/local/{bin, lib, man}. (See L<"Installation Directories">
+F</usr/local/>{F<bin>, F<lib>, F<man>}. (See L<"Installation Directories">
and L<"Coexistence with earlier versions of perl 5"> below for
further details.)
You can specify a different 'prefix' for the default installation
directory when Configure prompts you, or by using the Configure command
-line option -Dprefix='/some/directory', e.g.
+line option C<-Dprefix='/some/directory'>, e.g.
sh Configure -Dprefix=/opt/perl
If your prefix contains the string "perl", then the suggested
directory structure is simplified. For example, if you use
-prefix=/opt/perl, then Configure will suggest /opt/perl/lib instead of
-/opt/perl/lib/perl5/. Again, see L<"Installation Directories"> below
-for more details. Do not include a trailing slash, (i.e. /opt/perl/)
+C<prefix=/opt/perl>, then Configure will suggest F</opt/perl/lib> instead of
+F</opt/perl/lib/perl5/>. Again, see L<"Installation Directories"> below
+for more details. Do not include a trailing slash, (i.e. F</opt/perl/>)
or you may experience odd test failures.
NOTE: You must not specify an installation directory that is the same
as or below your perl source directory. If you do, installperl will
attempt infinite recursion.
-=item /usr/bin/perl
+=item F</usr/bin/perl>
It may seem obvious, but Perl is useful only when users can easily
-find it. It's often a good idea to have both /usr/bin/perl and
-/usr/local/bin/perl be symlinks to the actual binary. Be especially
+find it. It's often a good idea to have both F</usr/bin/perl> and
+F</usr/local/bin/perl> be symlinks to the actual binary. Be especially
careful, however, not to overwrite a version of perl supplied by your
vendor unless you are sure you know what you are doing. If you insist
on replacing your vendor's perl, useful information on how it was
spaces in arguments to Configure. For that, you have to look carefully
at config_arg1, config_arg2, etc.)
-By default, Configure will not try to link /usr/bin/perl to the current
+By default, Configure will not try to link F</usr/bin/perl> to the current
version of perl. You can turn on that behavior by running
Configure -Dinstallusrbinperl
Note that the exact format and range of long doubles varies:
the most common is the x86 80-bit (64 bits of mantissa) format,
but there are others, with different mantissa and exponent ranges.
-In fact, the type may not be called "long double" at C level, and
-therefore the C<uselongdouble> means "using floating point larger
-than double".
=head3 "more bits"
You can override various aspects of this feature by defining various
symbols during configure. An example might be:
- Configure -Accflags=-DPERL_HASH_FUNC_SIPHASH
+ sh Configure -Accflags=-DPERL_HASH_FUNC_SIPHASH
B<Unless stated otherwise these options are considered experimental or
insecure and are not recommended for production use.>
-Perl 5.18 includes support for multiple hash functions, and changed
-the default (to ONE_AT_A_TIME_HARD), you can choose a different
-algorithm by defining one of the following symbols. Note that as of
-Perl 5.18 we can only recommend use of the default or SIPHASH. All
-the others are known to have security issues and are for research
-purposes only.
+Since Perl 5.18 we have included support for multiple hash functions,
+although from time to time we change which functions we support,
+and which function is default (currently SBOX+STADTX on 64 bit builds
+and SBOX+ZAPHOD32 for 32 bit builds). You can choose a different
+algorithm by defining one of the following symbols during configure.
+Note that there security implications of which hash function you choose
+to use. The functions are listed roughly by how secure they are believed
+to be, with the one believed to be most secure at release time being PERL_HASH_FUNC_SIPHASH.
PERL_HASH_FUNC_SIPHASH
- PERL_HASH_FUNC_SDBM
- PERL_HASH_FUNC_DJB2
- PERL_HASH_FUNC_SUPERFAST
- PERL_HASH_FUNC_MURMUR3
- PERL_HASH_FUNC_ONE_AT_A_TIME
- PERL_HASH_FUNC_ONE_AT_A_TIME_HARD
- PERL_HASH_FUNC_ONE_AT_A_TIME_OLD
-
-Perl 5.18 randomizes the order returned by keys(), values(), and each(),
-and allows controlling this behavior by using of the PERL_PERTURB_KEYS
-option. You can disable this option entirely with the define:
+ PERL_HASH_FUNC_SIPHASH13
+ PERL_HASH_FUNC_ZAPHOD32
+ PERL_HASH_FUNC_STADTX
+
+In addition, these, (or custom hash functions), may be "fronted" by the
+SBOX32 hash function for keys under a chosen size. This hash function is
+special in that it has proven theoretical security properties, and is very
+fast to hash, but which by nature is restricted to a maximum key length,
+and which has rather expensive setup costs (relatively speaking), both in
+terms of performance and more importantly in terms of memory. SBOX32
+requires 1k of storage per character it can hash, and it must populate that
+storage with 256 32-bit random values as well. In practice the RNG we use
+for seeding the SBOX32 storage is very efficient and populating the table
+required for hashing even fairly long keys is negligible as we only do it
+during startup. By default we build with SBOX32 enabled, but you change that
+by setting
+
+ PERL_HASH_USE_SBOX32_ALSO
+
+to zero in configure. By default Perl will use SBOX32 to hash strings 24 bytes
+or shorter, you can change this length by setting
+
+ SBOX32_MAX_LEN
+
+to the desired length, with the maximum length being 256.
+
+As of Perl 5.18 the order returned by keys(), values(), and each() is
+non-deterministic and distinct per hash, and the insert order for
+colliding keys is randomized as well, and perl allows for controlling this
+by the PERL_PERTURB_KEYS environment setting. You can disable this behavior
+entirely with the define
PERL_PERTURB_KEYS_DISABLED
-You can disable the environment variable checks and specify the type of
-key traversal randomization to be used by defining one of these:
+You can disable the environment variable checks and compile time specify
+the type of key traversal randomization to be used by defining one of these:
PERL_PERTURB_KEYS_RANDOM
PERL_PERTURB_KEYS_DETERMINISTIC
-In Perl 5.18 the seed used for the hash function is randomly selected
-at process start which can be overridden by specifying a seed by setting
+Since Perl 5.18 the seed used for the hash function is randomly selected
+at process start, which can be overridden by specifying a seed by setting
the PERL_HASH_SEED environment variable.
-You can change this behavior by building perl with the
-
- USE_HASH_SEED_EXPLICIT
-
-define, in which case one has to explicitly set the PERL_HASH_SEED
-environment variable to enable the security feature or by adding
+You can change this behavior so that your perl is built with a hard coded
+seed with the define
NO_HASH_SEED
-to the compilation flags to completely disable the randomisation feature.
-Note these modes are poorly tested, insecure and not recommended.
+Note that if you do this you should modify the code in hv_func.h to specify
+your own key. In the future this define may be renamed and replaced with one
+that requires you to specify the key to use.
-B<Perl has never guaranteed any ordering of the hash keys>, and the
+B<NOTE WELL: Perl has never guaranteed any ordering of the hash keys>, and the
ordering has already changed several times during the lifetime of Perl
5. Also, the ordering of hash keys has always been, and continues to
-be, affected by the insertion order. Note that because of this
-randomisation for example the Data::Dumper results will be different
-between different runs of Perl, since Data::Dumper by default dumps
-hashes "unordered". The use of the Data::Dumper C<Sortkeys> option is
-recommended.
+be, affected by the insertion order regardless of whether you build with
+or without the randomization features. Note that because of this
+and especially with randomization that the key order of a hash is *undefined*
+and that things like Data::Dumper, for example, may produce different output
+between different runs of Perl, since Data::Dumper serializes the key in the
+native order for the hash. The use of the Data::Dumper C<Sortkeys> option is
+recommended if you are comparing dumps between different invocations of perl.
See L<perlrun/PERL_HASH_SEED> and L<perlrun/PERL_PERTURB_KEYS> for
details on the environment variables, and L<perlsec/Algorithmic
Complexity Attacks> for further security details.
+The C<PERL_HASH_SEED> and PERL_PERTURB_KEYS> environment variables can
+be disabled by building configuring perl with
+C<-Accflags=-DNO_PERL_HASH_ENV>.
+
+The C<PERL_HASH_SEED_DEBUG> environment variable can be disabled by
+configuring perl with C<-Accflags=-DNO_PERL_HASH_SEED_DEBUG>.
+
=head3 SOCKS
Perl can be configured to be 'socksified', that is, to use the SOCKS
something like the following with the newly-built but not-yet-installed
./perl:
- ./perl -MTestInit t/misc/failing_test.t
+ ./perl -I. -MTestInit t/misc/failing_test.t
or
=item Directories for the perl distribution
-By default, Configure will use the following directories for 5.23.1.
+By default, Configure will use the following directories for 5.31.2.
$version is the full perl version number, including subversion, e.g.
5.12.3, and $archname is a string like sun4-sunos,
determined by Configure. The full definitions of all Configure
For example, if you have a bundle of perl libraries from a previous
installation, perhaps in a strange place:
- Configure -Dotherlibdirs=/usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8.1
+ sh Configure -Dotherlibdirs=/usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8.1
=item APPLLIB_EXP
directories ahead of those in APPLLIB_EXP by using any of the standard
run-time methods: $PERLLIB, $PERL5LIB, -I, use lib, etc.
+=item default_inc_excludes_dot
+
+Since version 5.26.0, default perl builds no longer includes C<'.'> as the
+last element of @INC. The old behaviour can restored using
+
+ sh Configure -Udefault_inc_excludes_dot
+
+Note that this is likely to make programs run under such a perl
+interpreter less secure.
+
=item usesitecustomize
Run-time customization of @INC can be enabled with:
sh Configure -Dman3ext=3pm
+You can disable installation of man pages completely using
+
+ sh Configure -Dman1dir=none -Dman3dir=none
+
=item HTML pages
Currently, the standard perl installation does not do anything with
B<perl -d your_script>. If, however, you want to debug perl itself,
you probably want to have support for perl internal debugging code
(activated by adding -DDEBUGGING to ccflags), and/or support for the
-system debugger by adding -g to the optimisation flags. For that,
-use the parameter:
+system debugger by adding -g to the optimisation flags.
- sh Configure -DDEBUGGING
+A perl compiled with the DEBUGGING C preprocessor macro will support the
+C<-D> perl command-line switch, have assertions enabled, and have many
+extra checks compiled into the code; but will execute much more slowly
+(typically 2-3x) and the binary will be much larger (typically 2-3x).
-or
-
- sh Configure -DDEBUGGING=<mode>
-
-For a more eye appealing call, -DEBUGGING is defined to be an alias
-for -DDEBUGGING. For both, the -U calls are also supported, in order
-to be able to overrule the hints or Policy.sh settings.
+As a convenience, debugging code (-DDEBUGGING) and debugging symbols (-g)
+can be enabled jointly or separately using a Configure switch, also
+(somewhat confusingly) named -DDEBUGGING. For a more eye appealing call,
+-DEBUGGING is defined to be an alias for -DDEBUGGING. For both, the -U
+calls are also supported, in order to be able to overrule the hints or
+Policy.sh settings.
Here are the DEBUGGING modes:
=over 4
-=item -DDEBUGGING
+=item Configure -DDEBUGGING
-=item -DEBUGGING
+=item Configure -DEBUGGING
-=item -DEBUGGING=both
+=item Configure -DEBUGGING=both
Sets both -DDEBUGGING in the ccflags, and adds -g to optimize.
You can actually specify -g and -DDEBUGGING independently (see below),
but usually it's convenient to have both.
-=item -DEBUGGING=-g
+=item Configure -DEBUGGING=-g
-=item -Doptimize=-g
+=item Configure -Doptimize=-g
Adds -g to optimize, but does not set -DDEBUGGING.
(Note: Your system may actually require something like cc -g2.
Check your man pages for cc(1) and also any hint file for your system.)
-=item -DEBUGGING=none
+=item Configure -DEBUGGING=none
-=item -UDEBUGGING
+=item Configure -UDEBUGGING
Removes -g from optimize, and -DDEBUGGING from ccflags.
=back
If you are using a shared libperl, see the warnings about multiple
-versions of perl under L<Building a shared Perl library>.
+versions of perl under L</Building a shared Perl library>.
Note that a perl built with -DDEBUGGING will be much bigger and will run
much, much more slowly than a standard perl.
=head2 Extensions
Perl ships with a number of standard extensions. These are contained
-in the ext/ subdirectory.
+in the F<ext/> subdirectory.
By default, Configure will offer to build every extension which appears
to be supported. For example, Configure will offer to build GDBM_File
subdirectory. Porting/Glossary should especially come in handy.
Ports for other systems may also be available. You should check out
-http://www.cpan.org/ports for current information on ports to
+L<http://www.cpan.org/ports> for current information on ports to
various other operating systems.
If you plan to port Perl to a new architecture, study carefully the
So if you are getting strange test failures, you may want to try
retesting with the various PERL variables unset.
-=item varargs
-
-If you get varargs problems with gcc, be sure that gcc is installed
-correctly and that you are not passing -I/usr/include to gcc. When using
-gcc, you should probably have i_stdarg='define' and i_varargs='undef'
-in config.sh. The problem is usually solved by installing gcc
-correctly. If you do change config.sh, don't forget to propagate
-your changes (see L<"Propagating your changes to config.sh"> below).
-See also the L<"vsprintf"> item below.
-
-=item util.c
-
-If you get error messages such as the following (the exact line
-numbers and function name may vary in different versions of perl):
-
- util.c: In function 'Perl_form':
- util.c:1107: number of arguments doesn't match prototype
- proto.h:125: prototype declaration
-
-it might well be a symptom of the gcc "varargs problem". See the
-previous L<"varargs"> item.
-
=item LD_LIBRARY_PATH
If you run into dynamic loading problems, check your setting of
this is probably the L<"nm extraction"> problem discussed above. Also,
try reading the hints file for your system for further information.
-=item vsprintf
-
-If you run into problems with vsprintf in compiling util.c, the
-problem is probably that Configure failed to detect your system's
-version of vsprintf(). Check whether your system has vprintf().
-(Virtually all modern Unix systems do.) Then, check the variable
-d_vprintf in config.sh. If your system has vprintf, it should be:
-
- d_vprintf='define'
-
-If Configure guessed wrong, it is likely that Configure guessed wrong
-on a number of other common functions too. This is probably
-the L<"nm extraction"> problem discussed above.
-
=item do_aspawn
If you run into problems relating to do_aspawn or do_spawn, the
1. Disable the use of ODBM_FILE
- Configure ... -Dnoextensions=ODBM_File
+ sh Configure ... -Dnoextensions=ODBM_File
2. Fix the header file, somewhat like this:
=item Bad arg length for semctl, is XX, should be ZZZ
-If you get this error message from the ext/IPC/SysV/t/sem test, your
+If you get this error message from the F<cpan/IPC-SysV/t/sem.t> test, your
System V IPC may be broken. The XX typically is 20, and that is what ZZZ
also should be. Consider upgrading your OS, or reconfiguring your OS
to include the System V semaphores.
-=item ext/IPC/SysV/t/sem........semget: No space left on device
+=item cpan/IPC-SysV/t/sem........semget: No space left on device
Either your account or the whole system has run out of semaphores. Or
both. Either list the semaphores with "ipcs" and remove the unneeded
UTS may need one or more of -K or -g, and #undef LSTAT.
-FreeBSD can fail the ext/IPC/SysV/t/sem.t test if SysV IPC has not been
+FreeBSD can fail the F<cpan/IPC-SysV/t/sem.t> test if SysV IPC has not been
configured in the kernel. Perl tries to detect this, though, and
you will get a message telling you what to do.
Perl can be cross-compiled. It is just not trivial, cross-compilation
rarely is. Perl is routinely cross-compiled for several platforms: as of
-January 2014, these include Android, Blackberry 10, PocketPC aka
-WinCE, ARM Linux, and Solaris. Previous versions of
+June 2019, these include Android, Blackberry 10,
+ARM Linux, and Solaris. Previous versions of
Perl also provided support for Open Zaurus, Symbian, and
the IBM OS/400, but it's unknown if those ports are still functional.
These platforms are known as the B<target> platforms, while the systems
=over 4
-=item WinCE/PocketPC
-
-L<README.ce or perlce|perlce>
-
=item Android
L<"Cross-compilation" in README.android or
modules to the target platform is also left up to the each
cross-compilation environment. Often the cross-compilation target
platforms are somewhat limited in diskspace: see the section
-L<Minimizing the Perl installation> to learn more of the minimal set
+L</Minimizing the Perl installation> to learn more of the minimal set
of files required for a functional Perl installation.
For some cross-compilation environments the Configure option
-C<-Dinstallprefix=...> might be handy, see L<Changing the installation
+C<-Dinstallprefix=...> might be handy, see L</Changing the installation
directory>.
About the cross-compilation support of Configure: There's two forms.
Additionally, a cross-compilation toolchain will usually install it's own
logical system root somewhere -- that is, it'll create a directory
-somewhere which includes subdirectories like 'include' or 'lib'. For
-example, you may end up with C</skiff/local/arm-linux>, where
-C</skiff/local/arm-linux/bin> holds the binaries for cross-compilation,
-C</skiff/local/arm-linux/include> has the headers, and
-C</skiff/local/arm-linux/lib> has the library files.
+somewhere which includes subdirectories like C<'include'> or C<'lib'>. For
+example, you may end up with F</skiff/local/arm-linux>, where
+F</skiff/local/arm-linux/bin> holds the binaries for cross-compilation,
+F</skiff/local/arm-linux/include> has the headers, and
+F</skiff/local/arm-linux/lib> has the library files.
If this is the case, and you are using a compiler that understands
C<--sysroot>, like gcc or clang, you'll want to specify the
C<-Dsysroot> option for Configure:
If individual tests fail, you can often run them by hand (from the main
perl directory), e.g.,
- ./perl -MTestInit t/op/groups.t
+ ./perl -I. -MTestInit t/op/groups.t
You should also read the individual tests to see if there are any helpful
comments that apply to your system. You may also need to setup your
these tests might fail. If possible, try running the tests again
with the system under a lighter load. These timing-sensitive
and load-sensitive tests include F<t/op/alarm.t>,
-F<ext/Time-HiRes/t/HiRes.t>, F<ext/threads-shared/t/waithires.t>,
-F<ext/threads-shared/t/stress.t>, F<lib/Benchmark.t>,
+F<dist/Time-HiRes/t/alarm.t>, F<dist/Time-HiRes/t/clock.t>,
+F<dist/Time-HiRes/t/itimer.t>, F<dist/Time-HiRes/t/usleep.t>,
+F<dist/threads-shared/t/waithires.t>,
+F<dist/threads-shared/t/stress.t>, F<lib/Benchmark.t>,
F<lib/Memoize/t/expmod_t.t>, and F<lib/Memoize/t/speed.t>.
You might also experience some failures in F<t/op/stat.t> if you build
Try stopping other jobs on the system and then running the test by itself:
- ./perl -MTestInit t/op/pat.t
+ ./perl -I. -MTestInit t/op/pat.t
to see if you have any better luck. If your perl still fails this
test, it does not necessarily mean you have a broken perl. This test
cppstdin This is used by the deprecated switch perl -P,
if your cc -E can't read from stdin.
- c2ph, pstruct Scripts for handling C structures in header
- files.
corelist Shows versions of modules that come with
different
versions of perl.
optional Perl compiler, or embed the perl interpreter into another
program even if the Perl source is no longer available.
-=head2 Installing only version-specific parts
+=head2 Installing with a version-specific suffix
-Sometimes you only want to install the version-specific parts of the perl
-installation. For example, you may wish to install a newer version of
-perl alongside an already installed production version without
-disabling installation of new modules for the production version.
+Sometimes you only want to install the perl distribution with a
+version-specific suffix. For example, you may wish to install a newer
+version of perl alongside an already installed production version.
To only install the version-specific parts of the perl installation, run
Configure -Dversiononly
The only difference between the two is that make distclean also removes
your old config.sh and Policy.sh files. (A plain 'make clean' is now
-eqivalent to 'make realclean'.)
+equivalent to 'make realclean'.)
If you are upgrading from a previous version of perl, or if you
change systems or compilers or make other significant changes, or if
information about your perl, which may help us track down problems far
more quickly. But first you should read the advice in this file,
carefully re-read the error message and check the relevant manual pages
-on your system, as these may help you find an immediate solution. If
-you are not sure whether what you are seeing is a bug, you can send a
-message describing the problem to the comp.lang.perl.misc newsgroup to
-get advice.
+on your system, as these may help you find an immediate solution.
+Once you've exhausted the documentation, please report bugs to us using
+the 'perlbug' tool.
The perlbug tool is installed along with perl, so after you have
completed C<make install> it should be possible to run it with plain
read your message. Your message will get relayed to over 400
subscribers around the world so please try to keep it brief but clear.
-If the bug you are reporting has security implications, which make it
-inappropriate to send to a publicly archived mailing list, then please
-send it to perl5-security-report@perl.org. This points to a closed
-subscription unarchived mailing list, which includes all the core
-committers, who be able to help assess the impact of issues, figure out
-a resolution, and help co-ordinate the release of patches to mitigate or
-fix the problem across all platforms on which Perl is supported. Please
-only use this address for security issues in the Perl core, not for
-modules independently distributed on CPAN.
+If the bug you are reporting has security implications which make it
+inappropriate to send to a publicly archived mailing list, then see
+L<perlsec/SECURITY VULNERABILITY CONTACT INFORMATION>
+for details of how to report the issue.
If you are unsure what makes a good bug report please read "How to
report Bugs Effectively" by Simon Tatham:
-http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/bugs.html
+L<http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/bugs.html>
=head1 Coexistence with earlier versions of perl 5
-Perl 5.23.1 is not binary compatible with earlier versions of Perl.
+Perl 5.31.2 is not binary compatible with earlier versions of Perl.
In other words, you will have to recompile your XS modules.
In general, you can usually safely upgrade from one version of Perl
libraries after 5.6.0, but not for executables. TODO?) One convenient
way to do this is by using a separate prefix for each version, such as
- sh Configure -Dprefix=/opt/perl5.23.1
+ sh Configure -Dprefix=/opt/perl5.31.2
-and adding /opt/perl5.23.1/bin to the shell PATH variable. Such users
+and adding /opt/perl5.31.2/bin to the shell PATH variable. Such users
may also wish to add a symbolic link /usr/local/bin/perl so that
scripts can still start with #!/usr/local/bin/perl.
subversions may not have all the compatibility wrinkles ironed out
yet.
-=head2 Upgrading from 5.23.0 or earlier
+=head2 Upgrading from 5.28.0 or earlier
-B<Perl 5.23.1 may not be binary compatible with Perl 5.23.0 or
+B<Perl 5.31.2 may not be binary compatible with Perl 5.28.0 or
earlier Perl releases.> Perl modules having binary parts
(meaning that a C compiler is used) will have to be recompiled to be
-used with 5.23.1. If you find you do need to rebuild an extension with
-5.23.1, you may safely do so without disturbing the older
+used with 5.31.2. If you find you do need to rebuild an extension with
+5.31.2, you may safely do so without disturbing the older
installations. (See L<"Coexistence with earlier versions of perl 5">
above.)
print("$f\n");
}
-in Linux with perl-5.23.1 is as follows (under $Config{prefix}):
+in Linux with perl-5.31.2 is as follows (under $Config{prefix}):
./bin/perl
- ./lib/perl5/5.23.1/strict.pm
- ./lib/perl5/5.23.1/warnings.pm
- ./lib/perl5/5.23.1/i686-linux/File/Glob.pm
- ./lib/perl5/5.23.1/feature.pm
- ./lib/perl5/5.23.1/XSLoader.pm
- ./lib/perl5/5.23.1/i686-linux/auto/File/Glob/Glob.so
+ ./lib/perl5/5.31.2/strict.pm
+ ./lib/perl5/5.31.2/warnings.pm
+ ./lib/perl5/5.31.2/i686-linux/File/Glob.pm
+ ./lib/perl5/5.31.2/feature.pm
+ ./lib/perl5/5.31.2/XSLoader.pm
+ ./lib/perl5/5.31.2/i686-linux/auto/File/Glob/Glob.so
Secondly, for perl-5.10.1, the Debian perl-base package contains 591
files, (of which 510 are for lib/unicore) totaling about 3.5MB in its
by perl itself; for source compatibility reasons, though, they weren't
completely removed.
+=head2 C<-DNO_PERL_INTERNAL_RAND_SEED>
+X<PERL_INTERNAL_RAND_SEED>
+
+If you configure perl with C<-Accflags=-DNO_PERL_INTERNAL_RAND_SEED>,
+perl will ignore the C<PERL_INTERNAL_RAND_SEED> environment variable.
+
=head1 DOCUMENTATION
Read the manual entries before running perl. The main documentation
-is in the pod/ subdirectory and should have been installed during the
+is in the F<pod/> subdirectory and should have been installed during the
build process. Type B<man perl> to get started. Alternatively, you
can type B<perldoc perl> to use the supplied perldoc script. This is
sometimes useful for finding things in the library modules.
the same terms as perl itself, with the following additional request:
If you are distributing a modified version of perl (perhaps as part of
a larger package) please B<do> modify these installation instructions
-and the contact information to match your distribution.
+and the contact information to match your distribution. Additional
+information for packagers is in F<PACKAGING>.