This is a live mirror of the Perl 5 development currently hosted at https://github.com/perl/perl5
(perl #128095) check pack_sockaddr_un()'s return value
[perl5.git] / regexec.c
index 77e5b55..b86cb1b 100644 (file)
--- a/regexec.c
+++ b/regexec.c
@@ -2,8 +2,8 @@
  */
 
 /*
- *     One Ring to rule them all, One Ring to find them
- &
+ *     One Ring to rule them all, One Ring to find them
+ *
  *     [p.v of _The Lord of the Rings_, opening poem]
  *     [p.50 of _The Lord of the Rings_, I/iii: "The Shadow of the Past"]
  *     [p.254 of _The Lord of the Rings_, II/ii: "The Council of Elrond"]
 #  include "regcomp.h"
 #endif
 
-#include "inline_invlist.c"
+#include "invlist_inline.h"
 #include "unicode_constants.h"
 
+#define B_ON_NON_UTF8_LOCALE_IS_WRONG            \
+ "Use of \\b{} or \\B{} for non-UTF-8 locale is wrong.  Assuming a UTF-8 locale"
+
+static const char utf8_locale_required[] =
+      "Use of (?[ ]) for non-UTF-8 locale is wrong.  Assuming a UTF-8 locale";
+
 #ifdef DEBUGGING
 /* At least one required character in the target string is expressible only in
  * UTF-8. */
@@ -90,9 +96,9 @@ static const char* const non_utf8_target_but_utf8_required
                 = "Can't match, because target string needs to be in UTF-8\n";
 #endif
 
-#define NON_UTF8_TARGET_BUT_UTF8_REQUIRED(target) STMT_START { \
-    DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "%s", non_utf8_target_but_utf8_required));\
-    goto target; \
+#define NON_UTF8_TARGET_BUT_UTF8_REQUIRED(target) STMT_START {           \
+    DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_  "%s", non_utf8_target_but_utf8_required));\
+    goto target;                                                         \
 } STMT_END
 
 #define HAS_NONLATIN1_FOLD_CLOSURE(i) _HAS_NONLATIN1_FOLD_CLOSURE_ONLY_FOR_USE_BY_REGCOMP_DOT_C_AND_REGEXEC_DOT_C(i)
@@ -101,11 +107,12 @@ static const char* const non_utf8_target_but_utf8_required
 #define        STATIC  static
 #endif
 
-/* Valid only for non-utf8 strings: avoids the reginclass
- * call if there are no complications: i.e., if everything matchable is
- * straight forward in the bitmap */
-#define REGINCLASS(prog,p,c)  (ANYOF_FLAGS(p) ? reginclass(prog,p,c,c+1,0)   \
-                                             : ANYOF_BITMAP_TEST(p,*(c)))
+/* Valid only if 'c', the character being looke-up, is an invariant under
+ * UTF-8: it avoids the reginclass call if there are no complications: i.e., if
+ * everything matchable is straight forward in the bitmap */
+#define REGINCLASS(prog,p,c,u)  (ANYOF_FLAGS(p)                             \
+                                ? reginclass(prog,p,c,c+1,u)                \
+                                : ANYOF_BITMAP_TEST(p,*(c)))
 
 /*
  * Forwards.
@@ -122,7 +129,7 @@ static const char* const non_utf8_target_but_utf8_required
 
 #define HOPBACKc(pos, off) \
        (char*)(reginfo->is_utf8_target \
-           ? reghopmaybe3((U8*)pos, -off, (U8*)(reginfo->strbeg)) \
+           ? reghopmaybe3((U8*)pos, (SSize_t)0-off, (U8*)(reginfo->strbeg)) \
            : (pos - off >= reginfo->strbeg)    \
                ? (U8*)pos - off                \
                : NULL)
@@ -189,19 +196,7 @@ static const char* const non_utf8_target_but_utf8_required
                                         PL_utf8_swash_ptrs[_CC_WORDCHAR],     \
                                         "",                                   \
                                         PL_XPosix_ptrs[_CC_WORDCHAR],         \
-                                        LATIN_CAPITAL_LETTER_SHARP_S_UTF8);
-
-#define LOAD_UTF8_CHARCLASS_GCB()  /* Grapheme cluster boundaries */          \
-    STMT_START {                                                              \
-       LOAD_UTF8_CHARCLASS_DEBUG_TEST(PL_utf8_X_regular_begin,               \
-                                       "_X_regular_begin",                    \
-                                       NULL,                                  \
-                                       LATIN_CAPITAL_LETTER_SHARP_S_UTF8);    \
-       LOAD_UTF8_CHARCLASS_DEBUG_TEST(PL_utf8_X_extend,                      \
-                                       "_X_extend",                           \
-                                       NULL,                                  \
-                                       COMBINING_GRAVE_ACCENT_UTF8);          \
-    } STMT_END
+                                        LATIN_SMALL_LIGATURE_LONG_S_T_UTF8);
 
 #define PLACEHOLDER    /* Something for the preprocessor to grab onto */
 /* TODO: Combine JUMPABLE and HAS_TEXT to cache OP(rn) */
@@ -218,7 +213,8 @@ static const char* const non_utf8_target_but_utf8_required
 */
 #define JUMPABLE(rn) (                                                             \
     OP(rn) == OPEN ||                                                              \
-    (OP(rn) == CLOSE && (!cur_eval || cur_eval->u.eval.close_paren != ARG(rn))) || \
+    (OP(rn) == CLOSE &&                                                            \
+     !EVAL_CLOSE_PAREN_IS(cur_eval,ARG(rn)) ) ||                                   \
     OP(rn) == EVAL ||                                                              \
     OP(rn) == SUSPEND || OP(rn) == IFMATCH ||                                      \
     OP(rn) == PLUS || OP(rn) == MINMOD ||                                          \
@@ -231,15 +227,15 @@ static const char* const non_utf8_target_but_utf8_required
 
 #if 0 
 /* Currently these are only used when PL_regkind[OP(rn)] == EXACT so
-   we don't need this definition. */
+   we don't need this definition.  XXX These are now out-of-sync*/
 #define IS_TEXT(rn)   ( OP(rn)==EXACT   || OP(rn)==REF   || OP(rn)==NREF   )
 #define IS_TEXTF(rn)  ( OP(rn)==EXACTFU || OP(rn)==EXACTFU_SS || OP(rn)==EXACTFA || OP(rn)==EXACTFA_NO_TRIE || OP(rn)==EXACTF || OP(rn)==REFF  || OP(rn)==NREFF )
 #define IS_TEXTFL(rn) ( OP(rn)==EXACTFL || OP(rn)==REFFL || OP(rn)==NREFFL )
 
 #else
 /* ... so we use this as its faster. */
-#define IS_TEXT(rn)   ( OP(rn)==EXACT   )
-#define IS_TEXTFU(rn)  ( OP(rn)==EXACTFU || OP(rn)==EXACTFU_SS || OP(rn) == EXACTFA || OP(rn) == EXACTFA_NO_TRIE)
+#define IS_TEXT(rn)   ( OP(rn)==EXACT || OP(rn)==EXACTL )
+#define IS_TEXTFU(rn)  ( OP(rn)==EXACTFU || OP(rn)==EXACTFLU8 || OP(rn)==EXACTFU_SS || OP(rn) == EXACTFA || OP(rn) == EXACTFA_NO_TRIE)
 #define IS_TEXTF(rn)  ( OP(rn)==EXACTF  )
 #define IS_TEXTFL(rn) ( OP(rn)==EXACTFL )
 
@@ -262,16 +258,6 @@ static const char* const non_utf8_target_but_utf8_required
     } \
 } STMT_END 
 
-/* These constants are for finding GCB=LV and GCB=LVT in the CLUMP regnode.
- * These are for the pre-composed Hangul syllables, which are all in a
- * contiguous block and arranged there in such a way so as to facilitate
- * alorithmic determination of their characteristics.  As such, they don't need
- * a swash, but can be determined by simple arithmetic.  Almost all are
- * GCB=LVT, but every 28th one is a GCB=LV */
-#define SBASE 0xAC00    /* Start of block */
-#define SCount 11172    /* Length of block */
-#define TCount 28
-
 #define SLAB_FIRST(s) (&(s)->states[0])
 #define SLAB_LAST(s)  (&(s)->states[PERL_REGMATCH_SLAB_SLOTS-1])
 
@@ -314,7 +300,7 @@ S_regcppush(pTHX_ const regexp *rex, I32 parenfloor, U32 maxopenparen)
     
     DEBUG_BUFFERS_r(
        if ((int)maxopenparen > (int)parenfloor)
-           PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+            Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                "rex=0x%"UVxf" offs=0x%"UVxf": saving capture indices:\n",
                PTR2UV(rex),
                PTR2UV(rex->offs)
@@ -325,7 +311,7 @@ S_regcppush(pTHX_ const regexp *rex, I32 parenfloor, U32 maxopenparen)
        SSPUSHIV(rex->offs[p].end);
        SSPUSHIV(rex->offs[p].start);
        SSPUSHINT(rex->offs[p].start_tmp);
-       DEBUG_BUFFERS_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+        DEBUG_BUFFERS_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
            "    \\%"UVuf": %"IVdf"(%"IVdf")..%"IVdf"\n",
            (UV)p,
            (IV)rex->offs[p].start,
@@ -345,17 +331,21 @@ S_regcppush(pTHX_ const regexp *rex, I32 parenfloor, U32 maxopenparen)
 /* These are needed since we do not localize EVAL nodes: */
 #define REGCP_SET(cp)                                           \
     DEBUG_STATE_r(                                              \
-            PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,                      \
-               "  Setting an EVAL scope, savestack=%"IVdf"\n", \
-               (IV)PL_savestack_ix));                          \
+        Perl_re_exec_indentf( aTHX_                                         \
+            "Setting an EVAL scope, savestack=%"IVdf",\n",      \
+            depth, (IV)PL_savestack_ix                          \
+        )                                                       \
+    );                                                          \
     cp = PL_savestack_ix
 
 #define REGCP_UNWIND(cp)                                        \
     DEBUG_STATE_r(                                              \
-        if (cp != PL_savestack_ix)                             \
-           PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,                       \
-               "  Clearing an EVAL scope, savestack=%"IVdf"..%"IVdf"\n", \
-               (IV)(cp), (IV)PL_savestack_ix));                \
+        if (cp != PL_savestack_ix)                              \
+            Perl_re_exec_indentf( aTHX_                                     \
+                "Clearing an EVAL scope, savestack=%"IVdf"..%"IVdf"\n",\
+                depth, (IV)(cp), (IV)PL_savestack_ix            \
+            )                                                   \
+    );                                                          \
     regcpblow(cp)
 
 #define UNWIND_PAREN(lp, lcp)               \
@@ -386,7 +376,7 @@ S_regcppop(pTHX_ regexp *rex, U32 *maxopenparen_p)
     /* Now restore the parentheses context. */
     DEBUG_BUFFERS_r(
        if (i || rex->lastparen + 1 <= rex->nparens)
-           PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+            Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                "rex=0x%"UVxf" offs=0x%"UVxf": restoring capture indices to:\n",
                PTR2UV(rex),
                PTR2UV(rex->offs)
@@ -400,7 +390,7 @@ S_regcppop(pTHX_ regexp *rex, U32 *maxopenparen_p)
        tmps = SSPOPIV;
        if (paren <= rex->lastparen)
            rex->offs[paren].end = tmps;
-       DEBUG_BUFFERS_r( PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+        DEBUG_BUFFERS_r( Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
            "    \\%"UVuf": %"IVdf"(%"IVdf")..%"IVdf"%s\n",
            (UV)paren,
            (IV)rex->offs[paren].start,
@@ -424,7 +414,7 @@ S_regcppop(pTHX_ regexp *rex, U32 *maxopenparen_p)
        if (i > *maxopenparen_p)
            rex->offs[i].start = -1;
        rex->offs[i].end = -1;
-       DEBUG_BUFFERS_r( PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+        DEBUG_BUFFERS_r( Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
            "    \\%"UVuf": %s   ..-1 undeffing\n",
            (UV)i,
            (i > *maxopenparen_p) ? "-1" : "  "
@@ -468,14 +458,13 @@ S_isFOO_lc(pTHX_ const U8 classnum, const U8 character)
         case _CC_ENUM_ALPHA:     return isALPHA_LC(character);
         case _CC_ENUM_ASCII:     return isASCII_LC(character);
         case _CC_ENUM_BLANK:     return isBLANK_LC(character);
-        case _CC_ENUM_CASED:     return isLOWER_LC(character)
+        case _CC_ENUM_CASED:     return    isLOWER_LC(character)
                                         || isUPPER_LC(character);
         case _CC_ENUM_CNTRL:     return isCNTRL_LC(character);
         case _CC_ENUM_DIGIT:     return isDIGIT_LC(character);
         case _CC_ENUM_GRAPH:     return isGRAPH_LC(character);
         case _CC_ENUM_LOWER:     return isLOWER_LC(character);
         case _CC_ENUM_PRINT:     return isPRINT_LC(character);
-        case _CC_ENUM_PSXSPC:    return isPSXSPC_LC(character);
         case _CC_ENUM_PUNCT:     return isPUNCT_LC(character);
         case _CC_ENUM_SPACE:     return isSPACE_LC(character);
         case _CC_ENUM_UPPER:     return isUPPER_LC(character);
@@ -485,7 +474,7 @@ S_isFOO_lc(pTHX_ const U8 classnum, const U8 character)
             Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: isFOO_lc() has an unexpected character class '%d'", classnum);
     }
 
-    assert(0); /* NOTREACHED */
+    NOT_REACHED; /* NOTREACHED */
     return FALSE;
 }
 
@@ -498,7 +487,7 @@ S_isFOO_utf8_lc(pTHX_ const U8 classnum, const U8* character)
      * '_char_class_number'.
      *
      * This just calls isFOO_lc on the code point for the character if it is in
-     * the range 0-255.  Outside that range, all characters avoid Unicode
+     * the range 0-255.  Outside that range, all characters use Unicode
      * rules, ignoring any locale.  So use the Unicode function if this class
      * requires a swash, and use the Unicode macro otherwise. */
 
@@ -509,9 +498,11 @@ S_isFOO_utf8_lc(pTHX_ const U8 classnum, const U8* character)
     }
     else if (UTF8_IS_DOWNGRADEABLE_START(*character)) {
         return isFOO_lc(classnum,
-                        TWO_BYTE_UTF8_TO_NATIVE(*character, *(character + 1)));
+                        EIGHT_BIT_UTF8_TO_NATIVE(*character, *(character + 1)));
     }
 
+    _CHECK_AND_OUTPUT_WIDE_LOCALE_UTF8_MSG(character, character + UTF8SKIP(character));
+
     if (classnum < _FIRST_NON_SWASH_CC) {
 
         /* Initialize the swash unless done already */
@@ -530,18 +521,14 @@ S_isFOO_utf8_lc(pTHX_ const U8 classnum, const U8* character)
     }
 
     switch ((_char_class_number) classnum) {
-        case _CC_ENUM_SPACE:
-        case _CC_ENUM_PSXSPC:    return is_XPERLSPACE_high(character);
-
+        case _CC_ENUM_SPACE:     return is_XPERLSPACE_high(character);
         case _CC_ENUM_BLANK:     return is_HORIZWS_high(character);
         case _CC_ENUM_XDIGIT:    return is_XDIGIT_high(character);
         case _CC_ENUM_VERTSPACE: return is_VERTWS_high(character);
-        default:                 return 0;  /* Things like CNTRL are always
-                                               below 256 */
+        default:                 break;
     }
 
-    assert(0); /* NOTREACHED */
-    return FALSE;
+    return FALSE; /* Things like CNTRL are always below 256 */
 }
 
 /*
@@ -669,11 +656,11 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_
     PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
     PERL_UNUSED_ARG(data);
 
-    DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+    DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                 "Intuit: trying to determine minimum start position...\n"));
 
     /* for now, assume that all substr offsets are positive. If at some point
-     * in the future someone wants to do clever things with look-behind and
+     * in the future someone wants to do clever things with lookbehind and
      * -ve offsets, they'll need to fix up any code in this function
      * which uses these offsets. See the thread beginning
      * <20140113145929.GF27210@iabyn.com>
@@ -700,11 +687,12 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_
      * to quickly reject some cases that can't match, but will reject
      * them later after doing full char arithmetic */
     if (prog->minlen > strend - strpos) {
-       DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+        DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                              "  String too short...\n"));
        goto fail;
     }
 
+    RX_MATCH_UTF8_set(rx,utf8_target);
     reginfo->is_utf8_target = cBOOL(utf8_target);
     reginfo->info_aux = NULL;
     reginfo->strbeg = strbeg;
@@ -736,7 +724,7 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_
             if (!sv)
                 continue;
 
-            PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+            Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                 "  substrs[%d]: min=%"IVdf" max=%"IVdf" end shift=%"IVdf
                 " useful=%"IVdf" utf8=%d [%s]\n",
                 i,
@@ -753,7 +741,7 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_
 
         /* ml_anch: check after \n?
          *
-         * A note about IMPLICIT: on an un-anchored pattern beginning
+         * A note about PREGf_IMPLICIT: on an un-anchored pattern beginning
          * with /.*.../, these flags will have been added by the
          * compiler:
          *   /.*abc/, /.*abc/m:  PREGf_IMPLICIT | PREGf_ANCH_MBOL
@@ -774,9 +762,9 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_
              * be too fiddly (e.g. REXEC_IGNOREPOS).
              */
             if (   strpos != strbeg
-                && (prog->intflags & (PREGf_ANCH_BOL|PREGf_ANCH_SBOL)))
+                && (prog->intflags & PREGf_ANCH_SBOL))
             {
-               DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+                DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                                 "  Not at start...\n"));
                goto fail;
            }
@@ -791,14 +779,12 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_
              * caller will have set strpos=pos()-4; we look for the substr
              * at position pos()-4+1, which lines up with the "a" */
 
-           if (prog->check_offset_min == prog->check_offset_max
-                && !(prog->intflags & PREGf_CANY_SEEN))
-            {
+           if (prog->check_offset_min == prog->check_offset_max) {
                /* Substring at constant offset from beg-of-str... */
                SSize_t slen = SvCUR(check);
                 char *s = HOP3c(strpos, prog->check_offset_min, strend);
            
-                DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+                DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                     "  Looking for check substr at fixed offset %"IVdf"...\n",
                     (IV)prog->check_offset_min));
 
@@ -812,7 +798,7 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_
                             || strend - s < slen - 1
                             || (strend - s == slen && strend[-1] != '\n')))
                     {
-                        DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+                        DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                                             "  String too long...\n"));
                         goto fail_finish;
                     }
@@ -822,7 +808,7 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_
                 if (slen && (*SvPVX_const(check) != *s
                     || (slen > 1 && memNE(SvPVX_const(check), s, slen))))
                 {
-                    DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+                    DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                                     "  String not equal...\n"));
                     goto fail_finish;
                 }
@@ -873,32 +859,25 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_
         U8* end_point;
 
         DEBUG_OPTIMISE_MORE_r({
-            PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+            Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                 "  At restart: rx_origin=%"IVdf" Check offset min: %"IVdf
                 " Start shift: %"IVdf" End shift %"IVdf
                 " Real end Shift: %"IVdf"\n",
-                (IV)(rx_origin - strpos),
+                (IV)(rx_origin - strbeg),
                 (IV)prog->check_offset_min,
                 (IV)start_shift,
                 (IV)end_shift,
                 (IV)prog->check_end_shift);
         });
         
-        if (prog->intflags & PREGf_CANY_SEEN) {
-            start_point= (U8*)(rx_origin + start_shift);
-            end_point= (U8*)(strend - end_shift);
-            if (start_point > end_point)
-                goto fail_finish;
-        } else {
-            end_point = HOP3(strend, -end_shift, strbeg);
-           start_point = HOPMAYBE3(rx_origin, start_shift, end_point);
-            if (!start_point)
-                goto fail_finish;
-       }
+        end_point = HOP3(strend, -end_shift, strbeg);
+        start_point = HOPMAYBE3(rx_origin, start_shift, end_point);
+        if (!start_point)
+            goto fail_finish;
 
 
         /* If the regex is absolutely anchored to either the start of the
-         * string (BOL,SBOL) or to pos() (ANCH_GPOS), then
+         * string (SBOL) or to pos() (ANCH_GPOS), then
          * check_offset_max represents an upper bound on the string where
          * the substr could start. For the ANCH_GPOS case, we assume that
          * the caller of intuit will have already set strpos to
@@ -925,23 +904,23 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_
             }
         }
 
-       DEBUG_OPTIMISE_MORE_r({
-            PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "  fbm_instr len=%d str=<%.*s>\n",
-                (int)(end_point - start_point),
-                (int)(end_point - start_point) > 20 ? 20 : (int)(end_point - start_point), 
-                start_point);
-        });
-
        check_at = fbm_instr( start_point, end_point,
                      check, multiline ? FBMrf_MULTILINE : 0);
 
+        DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
+            "  doing 'check' fbm scan, [%"IVdf"..%"IVdf"] gave %"IVdf"\n",
+            (IV)((char*)start_point - strbeg),
+            (IV)((char*)end_point   - strbeg),
+            (IV)(check_at ? check_at - strbeg : -1)
+        ));
+
         /* Update the count-of-usability, remove useless subpatterns,
             unshift s.  */
 
         DEBUG_EXECUTE_r({
             RE_PV_QUOTED_DECL(quoted, utf8_target, PERL_DEBUG_PAD_ZERO(0),
                 SvPVX_const(check), RE_SV_DUMPLEN(check), 30);
-            PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "  %s %s substr %s%s%s",
+            Perl_re_printf( aTHX_  "  %s %s substr %s%s%s",
                               (check_at ? "Found" : "Did not find"),
                 (check == (utf8_target ? prog->anchored_utf8 : prog->anchored_substr)
                     ? "anchored" : "floating"),
@@ -952,9 +931,6 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_
 
         if (!check_at)
             goto fail_finish;
-        /* Finish the diagnostic message */
-        DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "%ld...\n", (long)(check_at - strpos)) );
-
         /* set rx_origin to the minimum position where the regex could start
          * matching, given the constraint of the just-matched check substring.
          * But don't set it lower than previously.
@@ -962,6 +938,12 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_
 
         if (check_at - rx_origin > prog->check_offset_max)
             rx_origin = HOP3c(check_at, -prog->check_offset_max, rx_origin);
+        /* Finish the diagnostic message */
+        DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
+            "%ld (rx_origin now %"IVdf")...\n",
+            (long)(check_at - strbeg),
+            (IV)(rx_origin - strbeg)
+        ));
     }
 
 
@@ -1065,16 +1047,40 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_
 
         must = utf8_target ? other->utf8_substr : other->substr;
         assert(SvPOK(must));
-        s = fbm_instr(
-            (unsigned char*)s,
-            (unsigned char*)last + SvCUR(must) - (SvTAIL(must)!=0),
-            must,
-            multiline ? FBMrf_MULTILINE : 0
-        );
+        {
+            char *from = s;
+            char *to   = last + SvCUR(must) - (SvTAIL(must)!=0);
+
+            if (to > strend)
+                to = strend;
+            if (from > to) {
+                s = NULL;
+                DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
+                    "  skipping 'other' fbm scan: %"IVdf" > %"IVdf"\n",
+                    (IV)(from - strbeg),
+                    (IV)(to   - strbeg)
+                ));
+            }
+            else {
+                s = fbm_instr(
+                    (unsigned char*)from,
+                    (unsigned char*)to,
+                    must,
+                    multiline ? FBMrf_MULTILINE : 0
+                );
+                DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
+                    "  doing 'other' fbm scan, [%"IVdf"..%"IVdf"] gave %"IVdf"\n",
+                    (IV)(from - strbeg),
+                    (IV)(to   - strbeg),
+                    (IV)(s ? s - strbeg : -1)
+                ));
+            }
+        }
+
         DEBUG_EXECUTE_r({
             RE_PV_QUOTED_DECL(quoted, utf8_target, PERL_DEBUG_PAD_ZERO(0),
                 SvPVX_const(must), RE_SV_DUMPLEN(must), 30);
-            PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "  %s %s substr %s%s",
+            Perl_re_printf( aTHX_  "  %s %s substr %s%s",
                 s ? "Found" : "Contradicts",
                 other_ix ? "floating" : "anchored",
                 quoted, RE_SV_TAIL(must));
@@ -1085,30 +1091,28 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_
             /* last1 is latest possible substr location. If we didn't
              * find it before there, we never will */
             if (last >= last1) {
-                DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
-                                        ", giving up...\n"));
+                DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
+                                        "; giving up...\n"));
                 goto fail_finish;
             }
 
             /* try to find the check substr again at a later
              * position. Maybe next time we'll find the "other" substr
              * in range too */
-            DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
-                ", trying %s at offset %ld...\n",
-                (other_ix ? "floating" : "anchored"),
-                (long)(HOP3c(check_at, 1, strend) - strpos)));
-
             other_last = HOP3c(last, 1, strend) /* highest failure */;
             rx_origin =
                 other_ix /* i.e. if other-is-float */
                     ? HOP3c(rx_origin, 1, strend)
                     : HOP4c(last, 1 - other->min_offset, strbeg, strend);
+            DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
+                "; about to retry %s at offset %ld (rx_origin now %"IVdf")...\n",
+                (other_ix ? "floating" : "anchored"),
+                (long)(HOP3c(check_at, 1, strend) - strbeg),
+                (IV)(rx_origin - strbeg)
+            ));
             goto restart;
         }
         else {
-            DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, " at offset %ld...\n",
-                  (long)(s - strpos)));
-
             if (other_ix) { /* if (other-is-float) */
                 /* other_last is set to s, not s+1, since its possible for
                  * a floating substr to fail first time, then succeed
@@ -1124,20 +1128,26 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_
                 rx_origin = HOP3c(s, -other->min_offset, strbeg);
                 other_last = HOP3c(s, 1, strend);
             }
+            DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
+                " at offset %ld (rx_origin now %"IVdf")...\n",
+                  (long)(s - strbeg),
+                (IV)(rx_origin - strbeg)
+              ));
+
         }
     }
     else {
         DEBUG_OPTIMISE_MORE_r(
-            PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+            Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                 "  Check-only match: offset min:%"IVdf" max:%"IVdf
                 " check_at:%"IVdf" rx_origin:%"IVdf" rx_origin-check_at:%"IVdf
-                " strend-strpos:%"IVdf"\n",
+                " strend:%"IVdf"\n",
                 (IV)prog->check_offset_min,
                 (IV)prog->check_offset_max,
-                (IV)(check_at-strpos),
-                (IV)(rx_origin-strpos),
+                (IV)(check_at-strbeg),
+                (IV)(rx_origin-strbeg),
                 (IV)(rx_origin-check_at),
-                (IV)(strend-strpos)
+                (IV)(strend-strbeg)
             )
         );
     }
@@ -1149,7 +1159,7 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_
     if (ml_anch && rx_origin != strbeg && rx_origin[-1] != '\n') {
         char *s;
 
-        DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+        DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                         "  looking for /^/m anchor"));
 
         /* we have failed the constraint of a \n before rx_origin.
@@ -1158,7 +1168,7 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_
          * scanning ahead for the next \n or the next substr is debatable.
          * On the one hand you'd expect rare substrings to appear less
          * often than \n's. On the other hand, searching for \n means
-         * we're effectively flipping been check_substr and "\n" on each
+         * we're effectively flipping between check_substr and "\n" on each
          * iteration as the current "rarest" string candidate, which
          * means for example that we'll quickly reject the whole string if
          * hasn't got a \n, rather than trying every substr position
@@ -1169,7 +1179,7 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_
         if (s <= rx_origin ||
             ! ( rx_origin = (char *)memchr(rx_origin, '\n', s - rx_origin)))
         {
-            DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+            DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                             "  Did not find /%s^%s/m...\n",
                             PL_colors[0], PL_colors[1]));
             goto fail_finish;
@@ -1186,9 +1196,9 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_
             /* Position contradicts check-string; either because
              * check was anchored (and thus has no wiggle room),
              * or check was float and rx_origin is above the float range */
-            DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
-                "  Found /%s^%s/m, restarting lookup for check-string at offset %ld...\n",
-                PL_colors[0], PL_colors[1], (long)(rx_origin - strpos)));
+            DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
+                "  Found /%s^%s/m, about to restart lookup for check-string with rx_origin %ld...\n",
+                PL_colors[0], PL_colors[1], (long)(rx_origin - strbeg)));
             goto restart;
         }
 
@@ -1202,22 +1212,23 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_
              * contradict. On the other hand, the float "check" substr
              * didn't contradict, so just retry the anchored "other"
              * substr */
-            DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
-                "  Found /%s^%s/m at offset %ld, rescanning for anchored from offset %ld...\n",
+            DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
+                "  Found /%s^%s/m, rescanning for anchored from offset %"IVdf" (rx_origin now %"IVdf")...\n",
                 PL_colors[0], PL_colors[1],
-                (long)(rx_origin - strpos),
-                (long)(rx_origin - strpos + prog->anchored_offset)));
+                (IV)(rx_origin - strbeg + prog->anchored_offset),
+                (IV)(rx_origin - strbeg)
+            ));
             goto do_other_substr;
         }
 
         /* success: we don't contradict the found floating substring
          * (and there's no anchored substr). */
-        DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
-            "  Found /%s^%s/m at offset %ld...\n",
-            PL_colors[0], PL_colors[1], (long)(rx_origin - strpos)));
+        DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
+            "  Found /%s^%s/m with rx_origin %ld...\n",
+            PL_colors[0], PL_colors[1], (long)(rx_origin - strbeg)));
     }
     else {
-        DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+        DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
             "  (multiline anchor test skipped)\n"));
     }
 
@@ -1275,7 +1286,7 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_
         else 
             endpos= strend;
                    
-        DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+        DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
             "  looking for class: start_shift: %"IVdf" check_at: %"IVdf
             " rx_origin: %"IVdf" endpos: %"IVdf"\n",
               (IV)start_shift, (IV)(check_at - strbeg),
@@ -1285,11 +1296,11 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_
                             reginfo);
        if (!s) {
            if (endpos == strend) {
-               DEBUG_EXECUTE_r( PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+                DEBUG_EXECUTE_r( Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                                "  Could not match STCLASS...\n") );
                goto fail;
            }
-           DEBUG_EXECUTE_r( PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+            DEBUG_EXECUTE_r( Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                                "  This position contradicts STCLASS...\n") );
             if ((prog->intflags & PREGf_ANCH) && !ml_anch
                         && !(prog->intflags & PREGf_IMPLICIT))
@@ -1306,11 +1317,15 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_
                          * The condition above is in bytes rather than
                          * chars for efficiency. It's conservative, in
                          * that it errs on the side of doing 'goto
-                         * do_other_substr', where a more accurate
-                         * char-based calculation will be done */
-                        DEBUG_EXECUTE_r( PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
-                                  "  Looking for anchored substr starting at offset %ld...\n",
-                                  (long)(other_last - strpos)) );
+                         * do_other_substr'. In this case, at worst,
+                         * an extra anchored search may get done, but in
+                         * practice the extra fbm_instr() is likely to
+                         * get skipped anyway. */
+                        DEBUG_EXECUTE_r( Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
+                            "  about to retry anchored at offset %ld (rx_origin now %"IVdf")...\n",
+                            (long)(other_last - strbeg),
+                            (IV)(rx_origin - strbeg)
+                        ));
                         goto do_other_substr;
                     }
                 }
@@ -1327,10 +1342,10 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_
                      * but since we goto a block of code that's going to
                      * search for the next \n if any, its safe here */
                     rx_origin++;
-                    DEBUG_EXECUTE_r( PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
-                              "  Looking for /%s^%s/m starting at offset %ld...\n",
+                    DEBUG_EXECUTE_r( Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
+                              "  about to look for /%s^%s/m starting at rx_origin %ld...\n",
                               PL_colors[0], PL_colors[1],
-                              (long)(rx_origin - strpos)) );
+                              (long)(rx_origin - strbeg)) );
                     goto postprocess_substr_matches;
                 }
 
@@ -1351,27 +1366,29 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_
              * It's conservative: it errs on the side of doing 'goto restart',
              * where there is code that does a proper char-based test */
             if (rx_origin + start_shift + end_shift > strend) {
-                DEBUG_EXECUTE_r( PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+                DEBUG_EXECUTE_r( Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                                        "  Could not match STCLASS...\n") );
                 goto fail;
             }
-            DEBUG_EXECUTE_r( PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
-                "  Looking for %s substr starting at offset %ld...\n",
+            DEBUG_EXECUTE_r( Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
+                "  about to look for %s substr starting at offset %ld (rx_origin now %"IVdf")...\n",
                 (prog->substrs->check_ix ? "floating" : "anchored"),
-                (long)(rx_origin + start_shift - strpos)) );
+                (long)(rx_origin + start_shift - strbeg),
+                (IV)(rx_origin - strbeg)
+            ));
             goto restart;
        }
 
         /* Success !!! */
 
        if (rx_origin != s) {
-            DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+            DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                        "  By STCLASS: moving %ld --> %ld\n",
-                                  (long)(rx_origin - strpos), (long)(s - strpos))
+                                  (long)(rx_origin - strbeg), (long)(s - strbeg))
                    );
         }
         else {
-            DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+            DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                                   "  Does not contradict STCLASS...\n");
                    );
         }
@@ -1383,7 +1400,7 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_
        /* Fixed substring is found far enough so that the match
           cannot start at strpos. */
 
-        DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "  try at offset...\n"));
+        DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_  "  try at offset...\n"));
        ++BmUSEFUL(utf8_target ? prog->check_utf8 : prog->check_substr);        /* hooray/5 */
     }
     else {
@@ -1403,7 +1420,7 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_
            )))
        {
            /* If flags & SOMETHING - do not do it many times on the same match */
-           DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "  ... Disabling check substring...\n"));
+            DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_  "  ... Disabling check substring...\n"));
            /* XXX Does the destruction order has to change with utf8_target? */
            SvREFCNT_dec(utf8_target ? prog->check_utf8 : prog->check_substr);
            SvREFCNT_dec(utf8_target ? prog->check_substr : prog->check_utf8);
@@ -1417,9 +1434,9 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_
        }
     }
 
-    DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+    DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
             "Intuit: %sSuccessfully guessed:%s match at offset %ld\n",
-             PL_colors[4], PL_colors[5], (long)(rx_origin - strpos)) );
+             PL_colors[4], PL_colors[5], (long)(rx_origin - strbeg)) );
 
     return rx_origin;
 
@@ -1427,30 +1444,46 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_
     if (prog->check_substr || prog->check_utf8)                /* could be removed already */
        BmUSEFUL(utf8_target ? prog->check_utf8 : prog->check_substr) += 5; /* hooray */
   fail:
-    DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "%sMatch rejected by optimizer%s\n",
+    DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_  "%sMatch rejected by optimizer%s\n",
                          PL_colors[4], PL_colors[5]));
     return NULL;
 }
 
 
 #define DECL_TRIE_TYPE(scan) \
-    const enum { trie_plain, trie_utf8, trie_utf8_fold, trie_latin_utf8_fold, \
-                 trie_utf8_exactfa_fold, trie_latin_utf8_exactfa_fold } \
-                    trie_type = ((scan->flags == EXACT) \
-                              ? (utf8_target ? trie_utf8 : trie_plain) \
-                              : (scan->flags == EXACTFA) \
-                                ? (utf8_target ? trie_utf8_exactfa_fold : trie_latin_utf8_exactfa_fold) \
-                                : (utf8_target ? trie_utf8_fold : trie_latin_utf8_fold))
+    const enum { trie_plain, trie_utf8, trie_utf8_fold, trie_latin_utf8_fold,       \
+                 trie_utf8_exactfa_fold, trie_latin_utf8_exactfa_fold,              \
+                 trie_utf8l, trie_flu8 }                                            \
+                    trie_type = ((scan->flags == EXACT)                             \
+                                 ? (utf8_target ? trie_utf8 : trie_plain)           \
+                                 : (scan->flags == EXACTL)                          \
+                                    ? (utf8_target ? trie_utf8l : trie_plain)       \
+                                    : (scan->flags == EXACTFA)                      \
+                                      ? (utf8_target                                \
+                                         ? trie_utf8_exactfa_fold                   \
+                                         : trie_latin_utf8_exactfa_fold)            \
+                                      : (scan->flags == EXACTFLU8                   \
+                                         ? trie_flu8                                \
+                                         : (utf8_target                             \
+                                           ? trie_utf8_fold                         \
+                                           :   trie_latin_utf8_fold)))
 
 #define REXEC_TRIE_READ_CHAR(trie_type, trie, widecharmap, uc, uscan, len, uvc, charid, foldlen, foldbuf, uniflags) \
 STMT_START {                                                                        \
     STRLEN skiplen;                                                                 \
     U8 flags = FOLD_FLAGS_FULL;                                                     \
     switch (trie_type) {                                                            \
+    case trie_flu8:                                                                 \
+        _CHECK_AND_WARN_PROBLEMATIC_LOCALE;                                         \
+        if (utf8_target && UTF8_IS_ABOVE_LATIN1(*uc)) {                             \
+            _CHECK_AND_OUTPUT_WIDE_LOCALE_UTF8_MSG(uc, uc + UTF8SKIP(uc));          \
+        }                                                                           \
+        goto do_trie_utf8_fold;                                                     \
     case trie_utf8_exactfa_fold:                                                    \
         flags |= FOLD_FLAGS_NOMIX_ASCII;                                            \
-        /* FALLTHROUGH */                                                          \
+        /* FALLTHROUGH */                                                           \
     case trie_utf8_fold:                                                            \
+      do_trie_utf8_fold:                                                            \
         if ( foldlen>0 ) {                                                          \
             uvc = utf8n_to_uvchr( (const U8*) uscan, UTF8_MAXLEN, &len, uniflags ); \
             foldlen -= len;                                                         \
@@ -1459,14 +1492,14 @@ STMT_START {
         } else {                                                                    \
             uvc = _to_utf8_fold_flags( (const U8*) uc, foldbuf, &foldlen, flags);   \
             len = UTF8SKIP(uc);                                                     \
-            skiplen = UNISKIP( uvc );                                               \
+            skiplen = UVCHR_SKIP( uvc );                                            \
             foldlen -= skiplen;                                                     \
             uscan = foldbuf + skiplen;                                              \
         }                                                                           \
         break;                                                                      \
     case trie_latin_utf8_exactfa_fold:                                              \
         flags |= FOLD_FLAGS_NOMIX_ASCII;                                            \
-        /* FALLTHROUGH */                                                          \
+        /* FALLTHROUGH */                                                           \
     case trie_latin_utf8_fold:                                                      \
         if ( foldlen>0 ) {                                                          \
             uvc = utf8n_to_uvchr( (const U8*) uscan, UTF8_MAXLEN, &len, uniflags ); \
@@ -1476,11 +1509,17 @@ STMT_START {
         } else {                                                                    \
             len = 1;                                                                \
             uvc = _to_fold_latin1( (U8) *uc, foldbuf, &foldlen, flags);             \
-            skiplen = UNISKIP( uvc );                                               \
+            skiplen = UVCHR_SKIP( uvc );                                            \
             foldlen -= skiplen;                                                     \
             uscan = foldbuf + skiplen;                                              \
         }                                                                           \
         break;                                                                      \
+    case trie_utf8l:                                                                \
+        _CHECK_AND_WARN_PROBLEMATIC_LOCALE;                                         \
+        if (utf8_target && UTF8_IS_ABOVE_LATIN1(*uc)) {                             \
+            _CHECK_AND_OUTPUT_WIDE_LOCALE_UTF8_MSG(uc, uc + UTF8SKIP(uc));          \
+        }                                                                           \
+        /* FALLTHROUGH */                                                           \
     case trie_utf8:                                                                 \
         uvc = utf8n_to_uvchr( (const U8*) uc, UTF8_MAXLEN, &len, uniflags );        \
         break;                                                                      \
@@ -1502,6 +1541,10 @@ STMT_START {
     }                                                                               \
 } STMT_END
 
+#define DUMP_EXEC_POS(li,s,doutf8,depth)                    \
+    dump_exec_pos(li,s,(reginfo->strend),(reginfo->strbeg), \
+                startpos, doutf8, depth)
+
 #define REXEC_FBC_EXACTISH_SCAN(COND)                     \
 STMT_START {                                              \
     while (s <= e) {                                      \
@@ -1529,34 +1572,30 @@ STMT_START {                                          \
     }                                                 \
 } STMT_END
 
-#define REXEC_FBC_UTF8_CLASS_SCAN(COND)               \
-REXEC_FBC_UTF8_SCAN(                                  \
-    if (COND) {                                       \
-       if (tmp && (reginfo->intuit || regtry(reginfo, &s))) \
-           goto got_it;                              \
-       else                                          \
-           tmp = doevery;                            \
-    }                                                 \
-    else                                              \
-       tmp = 1;                                      \
+#define REXEC_FBC_UTF8_CLASS_SCAN(COND)                        \
+REXEC_FBC_UTF8_SCAN( /* Loops while (s < strend) */            \
+    if (COND) {                                                \
+       if (tmp && (reginfo->intuit || regtry(reginfo, &s)))   \
+           goto got_it;                                       \
+       else                                                   \
+           tmp = doevery;                                     \
+    }                                                          \
+    else                                                       \
+       tmp = 1;                                               \
 )
 
-#define REXEC_FBC_CLASS_SCAN(COND)                    \
-REXEC_FBC_SCAN(                                       \
-    if (COND) {                                       \
-       if (tmp && (reginfo->intuit || regtry(reginfo, &s)))  \
-           goto got_it;                              \
-       else                                          \
-           tmp = doevery;                            \
-    }                                                 \
-    else                                              \
-       tmp = 1;                                      \
+#define REXEC_FBC_CLASS_SCAN(COND)                             \
+REXEC_FBC_SCAN( /* Loops while (s < strend) */                 \
+    if (COND) {                                                \
+       if (tmp && (reginfo->intuit || regtry(reginfo, &s)))   \
+           goto got_it;                                       \
+       else                                                   \
+           tmp = doevery;                                     \
+    }                                                          \
+    else                                                       \
+       tmp = 1;                                               \
 )
 
-#define REXEC_FBC_TRYIT                       \
-if ((reginfo->intuit || regtry(reginfo, &s))) \
-    goto got_it
-
 #define REXEC_FBC_CSCAN(CONDUTF8,COND)                         \
     if (utf8_target) {                                         \
        REXEC_FBC_UTF8_CLASS_SCAN(CONDUTF8);                   \
@@ -1564,97 +1603,230 @@ if ((reginfo->intuit || regtry(reginfo, &s))) \
     else {                                                     \
        REXEC_FBC_CLASS_SCAN(COND);                            \
     }
-    
-#define DUMP_EXEC_POS(li,s,doutf8)                          \
-    dump_exec_pos(li,s,(reginfo->strend),(reginfo->strbeg), \
-                startpos, doutf8)
-
 
+/* The three macros below are slightly different versions of the same logic.
+ *
+ * The first is for /a and /aa when the target string is UTF-8.  This can only
+ * match ascii, but it must advance based on UTF-8.   The other two handle the
+ * non-UTF-8 and the more generic UTF-8 cases.   In all three, we are looking
+ * for the boundary (or non-boundary) between a word and non-word character.
+ * The utf8 and non-utf8 cases have the same logic, but the details must be
+ * different.  Find the "wordness" of the character just prior to this one, and
+ * compare it with the wordness of this one.  If they differ, we have a
+ * boundary.  At the beginning of the string, pretend that the previous
+ * character was a new-line.
+ *
+ * All these macros uncleanly have side-effects with each other and outside
+ * variables.  So far it's been too much trouble to clean-up
+ *
+ * TEST_NON_UTF8 is the macro or function to call to test if its byte input is
+ *               a word character or not.
+ * IF_SUCCESS    is code to do if it finds that we are at a boundary between
+ *               word/non-word
+ * IF_FAIL       is code to do if we aren't at a boundary between word/non-word
+ *
+ * Exactly one of the two IF_FOO parameters is a no-op, depending on whether we
+ * are looking for a boundary or for a non-boundary.  If we are looking for a
+ * boundary, we want IF_FAIL to be the no-op, and for IF_SUCCESS to go out and
+ * see if this tentative match actually works, and if so, to quit the loop
+ * here.  And vice-versa if we are looking for a non-boundary.
+ *
+ * 'tmp' below in the next three macros in the REXEC_FBC_SCAN and
+ * REXEC_FBC_UTF8_SCAN loops is a loop invariant, a bool giving the return of
+ * TEST_NON_UTF8(s-1).  To see this, note that that's what it is defined to be
+ * at entry to the loop, and to get to the IF_FAIL branch, tmp must equal
+ * TEST_NON_UTF8(s), and in the opposite branch, IF_SUCCESS, tmp is that
+ * complement.  But in that branch we complement tmp, meaning that at the
+ * bottom of the loop tmp is always going to be equal to TEST_NON_UTF8(s),
+ * which means at the top of the loop in the next iteration, it is
+ * TEST_NON_UTF8(s-1) */
 #define FBC_UTF8_A(TEST_NON_UTF8, IF_SUCCESS, IF_FAIL)                         \
-       tmp = (s != reginfo->strbeg) ? UCHARAT(s - 1) : '\n';                  \
-       tmp = TEST_NON_UTF8(tmp);                                              \
-       REXEC_FBC_UTF8_SCAN(                                                   \
-           if (tmp == ! TEST_NON_UTF8((U8) *s)) {                             \
-               tmp = !tmp;                                                    \
-               IF_SUCCESS;                                                    \
-           }                                                                  \
-           else {                                                             \
-               IF_FAIL;                                                       \
-           }                                                                  \
-       );                                                                     \
-
-#define FBC_UTF8(TEST1_UTF8, TEST2_UTF8, IF_SUCCESS, IF_FAIL)                  \
-       if (s == reginfo->strbeg) {                                            \
-           tmp = '\n';                                                        \
-       }                                                                      \
-       else {                                                                 \
-           U8 * const r = reghop3((U8*)s, -1, (U8*)reginfo->strbeg);          \
-           tmp = utf8n_to_uvchr(r, (U8*) reginfo->strend - r,                 \
+    tmp = (s != reginfo->strbeg) ? UCHARAT(s - 1) : '\n';                      \
+    tmp = TEST_NON_UTF8(tmp);                                                  \
+    REXEC_FBC_UTF8_SCAN( /* advances s while s < strend */                     \
+        if (tmp == ! TEST_NON_UTF8((U8) *s)) {                                 \
+            tmp = !tmp;                                                        \
+            IF_SUCCESS; /* Is a boundary if values for s-1 and s differ */     \
+        }                                                                      \
+        else {                                                                 \
+            IF_FAIL;                                                           \
+        }                                                                      \
+    );                                                                         \
+
+/* Like FBC_UTF8_A, but TEST_UV is a macro which takes a UV as its input, and
+ * TEST_UTF8 is a macro that for the same input code points returns identically
+ * to TEST_UV, but takes a pointer to a UTF-8 encoded string instead */
+#define FBC_UTF8(TEST_UV, TEST_UTF8, IF_SUCCESS, IF_FAIL)                      \
+    if (s == reginfo->strbeg) {                                                \
+        tmp = '\n';                                                            \
+    }                                                                          \
+    else { /* Back-up to the start of the previous character */                \
+        U8 * const r = reghop3((U8*)s, -1, (U8*)reginfo->strbeg);              \
+        tmp = utf8n_to_uvchr(r, (U8*) reginfo->strend - r,                     \
                                                        0, UTF8_ALLOW_DEFAULT); \
-       }                                                                      \
-       tmp = TEST1_UTF8;                                                      \
-       LOAD_UTF8_CHARCLASS_ALNUM();                                           \
-       REXEC_FBC_UTF8_SCAN(                                                   \
-           if (tmp == ! (TEST2_UTF8)) {                                       \
-               tmp = !tmp;                                                    \
-               IF_SUCCESS;                                                    \
-           }                                                                  \
-           else {                                                             \
-               IF_FAIL;                                                       \
-           }                                                                  \
-       );                                                                     \
+    }                                                                          \
+    tmp = TEST_UV(tmp);                                                        \
+    LOAD_UTF8_CHARCLASS_ALNUM();                                               \
+    REXEC_FBC_UTF8_SCAN( /* advances s while s < strend */                     \
+        if (tmp == ! (TEST_UTF8((U8 *) s))) {                                  \
+            tmp = !tmp;                                                        \
+            IF_SUCCESS;                                                        \
+        }                                                                      \
+        else {                                                                 \
+            IF_FAIL;                                                           \
+        }                                                                      \
+    );
 
-/* The only difference between the BOUND and NBOUND cases is that
- * REXEC_FBC_TRYIT is called when matched in BOUND, and when non-matched in
- * NBOUND.  This is accomplished by passing it in either the if or else clause,
- * with the other one being empty */
-#define FBC_BOUND(TEST_NON_UTF8, TEST1_UTF8, TEST2_UTF8) \
-    FBC_BOUND_COMMON(FBC_UTF8(TEST1_UTF8, TEST2_UTF8, REXEC_FBC_TRYIT, PLACEHOLDER), TEST_NON_UTF8, REXEC_FBC_TRYIT, PLACEHOLDER)
-
-#define FBC_BOUND_A(TEST_NON_UTF8, TEST1_UTF8, TEST2_UTF8) \
-    FBC_BOUND_COMMON(FBC_UTF8_A(TEST_NON_UTF8, REXEC_FBC_TRYIT, PLACEHOLDER), TEST_NON_UTF8, REXEC_FBC_TRYIT, PLACEHOLDER)
-
-#define FBC_NBOUND(TEST_NON_UTF8, TEST1_UTF8, TEST2_UTF8) \
-    FBC_BOUND_COMMON(FBC_UTF8(TEST1_UTF8, TEST2_UTF8, PLACEHOLDER, REXEC_FBC_TRYIT), TEST_NON_UTF8, PLACEHOLDER, REXEC_FBC_TRYIT)
-
-#define FBC_NBOUND_A(TEST_NON_UTF8, TEST1_UTF8, TEST2_UTF8) \
-    FBC_BOUND_COMMON(FBC_UTF8_A(TEST_NON_UTF8, PLACEHOLDER, REXEC_FBC_TRYIT), TEST_NON_UTF8, PLACEHOLDER, REXEC_FBC_TRYIT)
-
-
-/* Common to the BOUND and NBOUND cases.  Unfortunately the UTF8 tests need to
- * be passed in completely with the variable name being tested, which isn't
- * such a clean interface, but this is easier to read than it was before.  We
- * are looking for the boundary (or non-boundary between a word and non-word
- * character.  The utf8 and non-utf8 cases have the same logic, but the details
- * must be different.  Find the "wordness" of the character just prior to this
- * one, and compare it with the wordness of this one.  If they differ, we have
- * a boundary.  At the beginning of the string, pretend that the previous
- * character was a new-line */
+/* Like the above two macros.  UTF8_CODE is the complete code for handling
+ * UTF-8.  Common to the BOUND and NBOUND cases, set-up by the FBC_BOUND, etc
+ * macros below */
 #define FBC_BOUND_COMMON(UTF8_CODE, TEST_NON_UTF8, IF_SUCCESS, IF_FAIL)        \
     if (utf8_target) {                                                         \
-               UTF8_CODE                                                      \
+        UTF8_CODE                                                              \
     }                                                                          \
     else {  /* Not utf8 */                                                     \
        tmp = (s != reginfo->strbeg) ? UCHARAT(s - 1) : '\n';                  \
        tmp = TEST_NON_UTF8(tmp);                                              \
-       REXEC_FBC_SCAN(                                                        \
+       REXEC_FBC_SCAN( /* advances s while s < strend */                      \
            if (tmp == ! TEST_NON_UTF8((U8) *s)) {                             \
-               tmp = !tmp;                                                    \
                IF_SUCCESS;                                                    \
+               tmp = !tmp;                                                    \
            }                                                                  \
            else {                                                             \
                IF_FAIL;                                                       \
            }                                                                  \
        );                                                                     \
     }                                                                          \
-    if ((!prog->minlen && tmp) && (reginfo->intuit || regtry(reginfo, &s)))    \
-       goto got_it;
+    /* Here, things have been set up by the previous code so that tmp is the   \
+     * return of TEST_NON_UTF(s-1) or TEST_UTF8(s-1) (depending on the         \
+     * utf8ness of the target).  We also have to check if this matches against \
+     * the EOS, which we treat as a \n (which is the same value in both UTF-8  \
+     * or non-UTF8, so can use the non-utf8 test condition even for a UTF-8    \
+     * string */                                                               \
+    if (tmp == ! TEST_NON_UTF8('\n')) {                                        \
+        IF_SUCCESS;                                                            \
+    }                                                                          \
+    else {                                                                     \
+        IF_FAIL;                                                               \
+    }
+
+/* This is the macro to use when we want to see if something that looks like it
+ * could match, actually does, and if so exits the loop */
+#define REXEC_FBC_TRYIT                            \
+    if ((reginfo->intuit || regtry(reginfo, &s)))  \
+        goto got_it
+
+/* The only difference between the BOUND and NBOUND cases is that
+ * REXEC_FBC_TRYIT is called when matched in BOUND, and when non-matched in
+ * NBOUND.  This is accomplished by passing it as either the if or else clause,
+ * with the other one being empty (PLACEHOLDER is defined as empty).
+ *
+ * The TEST_FOO parameters are for operating on different forms of input, but
+ * all should be ones that return identically for the same underlying code
+ * points */
+#define FBC_BOUND(TEST_NON_UTF8, TEST_UV, TEST_UTF8)                           \
+    FBC_BOUND_COMMON(                                                          \
+          FBC_UTF8(TEST_UV, TEST_UTF8, REXEC_FBC_TRYIT, PLACEHOLDER),          \
+          TEST_NON_UTF8, REXEC_FBC_TRYIT, PLACEHOLDER)
+
+#define FBC_BOUND_A(TEST_NON_UTF8)                                             \
+    FBC_BOUND_COMMON(                                                          \
+            FBC_UTF8_A(TEST_NON_UTF8, REXEC_FBC_TRYIT, PLACEHOLDER),           \
+            TEST_NON_UTF8, REXEC_FBC_TRYIT, PLACEHOLDER)
+
+#define FBC_NBOUND(TEST_NON_UTF8, TEST_UV, TEST_UTF8)                          \
+    FBC_BOUND_COMMON(                                                          \
+          FBC_UTF8(TEST_UV, TEST_UTF8, PLACEHOLDER, REXEC_FBC_TRYIT),          \
+          TEST_NON_UTF8, PLACEHOLDER, REXEC_FBC_TRYIT)
+
+#define FBC_NBOUND_A(TEST_NON_UTF8)                                            \
+    FBC_BOUND_COMMON(                                                          \
+            FBC_UTF8_A(TEST_NON_UTF8, PLACEHOLDER, REXEC_FBC_TRYIT),           \
+            TEST_NON_UTF8, PLACEHOLDER, REXEC_FBC_TRYIT)
+
+#ifdef DEBUGGING
+static IV
+S_get_break_val_cp_checked(SV* const invlist, const UV cp_in) {
+  IV cp_out = Perl__invlist_search(invlist, cp_in);
+  assert(cp_out >= 0);
+  return cp_out;
+}
+#  define _generic_GET_BREAK_VAL_CP_CHECKED(invlist, invmap, cp) \
+       invmap[S_get_break_val_cp_checked(invlist, cp)]
+#else
+#  define _generic_GET_BREAK_VAL_CP_CHECKED(invlist, invmap, cp) \
+       invmap[_invlist_search(invlist, cp)]
+#endif
+
+/* Takes a pointer to an inversion list, a pointer to its corresponding
+ * inversion map, and a code point, and returns the code point's value
+ * according to the two arrays.  It assumes that all code points have a value.
+ * This is used as the base macro for macros for particular properties */
+#define _generic_GET_BREAK_VAL_CP(invlist, invmap, cp)              \
+       _generic_GET_BREAK_VAL_CP_CHECKED(invlist, invmap, cp)
+
+/* Same as above, but takes begin, end ptrs to a UTF-8 encoded string instead
+ * of a code point, returning the value for the first code point in the string.
+ * And it takes the particular macro name that finds the desired value given a
+ * code point.  Merely convert the UTF-8 to code point and call the cp macro */
+#define _generic_GET_BREAK_VAL_UTF8(cp_macro, pos, strend)                     \
+             (__ASSERT_(pos < strend)                                          \
+                 /* Note assumes is valid UTF-8 */                             \
+             (cp_macro(utf8_to_uvchr_buf((pos), (strend), NULL))))
+
+/* Returns the GCB value for the input code point */
+#define getGCB_VAL_CP(cp)                                                      \
+          _generic_GET_BREAK_VAL_CP(                                           \
+                                    PL_GCB_invlist,                            \
+                                    _Perl_GCB_invmap,                          \
+                                    (cp))
+
+/* Returns the GCB value for the first code point in the UTF-8 encoded string
+ * bounded by pos and strend */
+#define getGCB_VAL_UTF8(pos, strend)                                           \
+    _generic_GET_BREAK_VAL_UTF8(getGCB_VAL_CP, pos, strend)
+
+/* Returns the LB value for the input code point */
+#define getLB_VAL_CP(cp)                                                       \
+          _generic_GET_BREAK_VAL_CP(                                           \
+                                    PL_LB_invlist,                             \
+                                    _Perl_LB_invmap,                           \
+                                    (cp))
+
+/* Returns the LB value for the first code point in the UTF-8 encoded string
+ * bounded by pos and strend */
+#define getLB_VAL_UTF8(pos, strend)                                            \
+    _generic_GET_BREAK_VAL_UTF8(getLB_VAL_CP, pos, strend)
+
+
+/* Returns the SB value for the input code point */
+#define getSB_VAL_CP(cp)                                                       \
+          _generic_GET_BREAK_VAL_CP(                                           \
+                                    PL_SB_invlist,                             \
+                                    _Perl_SB_invmap,                     \
+                                    (cp))
+
+/* Returns the SB value for the first code point in the UTF-8 encoded string
+ * bounded by pos and strend */
+#define getSB_VAL_UTF8(pos, strend)                                            \
+    _generic_GET_BREAK_VAL_UTF8(getSB_VAL_CP, pos, strend)
+
+/* Returns the WB value for the input code point */
+#define getWB_VAL_CP(cp)                                                       \
+          _generic_GET_BREAK_VAL_CP(                                           \
+                                    PL_WB_invlist,                             \
+                                    _Perl_WB_invmap,                         \
+                                    (cp))
+
+/* Returns the WB value for the first code point in the UTF-8 encoded string
+ * bounded by pos and strend */
+#define getWB_VAL_UTF8(pos, strend)                                            \
+    _generic_GET_BREAK_VAL_UTF8(getWB_VAL_CP, pos, strend)
 
 /* We know what class REx starts with.  Try to find this position... */
 /* if reginfo->intuit, its a dryrun */
 /* annoyingly all the vars in this routine have different names from their counterparts
    in regmatch. /grrr */
-
 STATIC char *
 S_find_byclass(pTHX_ regexp * prog, const regnode *c, char *s, 
     const char *strend, regmatch_info *reginfo)
@@ -1685,23 +1857,24 @@ S_find_byclass(pTHX_ regexp * prog, const regnode *c, char *s,
 
     /* We know what class it must start with. */
     switch (OP(c)) {
+    case ANYOFL:
+        _CHECK_AND_WARN_PROBLEMATIC_LOCALE;
+
+        if (ANYOFL_UTF8_LOCALE_REQD(FLAGS(c)) && ! IN_UTF8_CTYPE_LOCALE) {
+            Perl_ck_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_LOCALE), utf8_locale_required);
+        }
+
+        /* FALLTHROUGH */
+    case ANYOFD:
     case ANYOF:
         if (utf8_target) {
             REXEC_FBC_UTF8_CLASS_SCAN(
                       reginclass(prog, c, (U8*)s, (U8*) strend, utf8_target));
         }
         else {
-            REXEC_FBC_CLASS_SCAN(REGINCLASS(prog, c, (U8*)s));
+            REXEC_FBC_CLASS_SCAN(REGINCLASS(prog, c, (U8*)s, 0));
         }
         break;
-    case CANY:
-        REXEC_FBC_SCAN(
-            if (tmp && (reginfo->intuit || regtry(reginfo, &s)))
-                goto got_it;
-            else
-                tmp = doevery;
-        );
-        break;
 
     case EXACTFA_NO_TRIE:   /* This node only generated for non-utf8 patterns */
         assert(! is_utf8_pat);
@@ -1726,6 +1899,7 @@ S_find_byclass(pTHX_ regexp * prog, const regnode *c, char *s,
         goto do_exactf_non_utf8;
 
     case EXACTFL:
+        _CHECK_AND_WARN_PROBLEMATIC_LOCALE;
         if (is_utf8_pat || utf8_target || IN_UTF8_CTYPE_LOCALE) {
             utf8_fold_flags = FOLDEQ_LOCALE;
             goto do_exactf_utf8;
@@ -1740,6 +1914,15 @@ S_find_byclass(pTHX_ regexp * prog, const regnode *c, char *s,
         }
         goto do_exactf_utf8;
 
+    case EXACTFLU8:
+            if (! utf8_target) {    /* All code points in this node require
+                                       UTF-8 to express.  */
+                break;
+            }
+            utf8_fold_flags =  FOLDEQ_LOCALE | FOLDEQ_S2_ALREADY_FOLDED
+                                             | FOLDEQ_S2_FOLDS_SANE;
+            goto do_exactf_utf8;
+
     case EXACTFU:
         if (is_utf8_pat || utf8_target) {
             utf8_fold_flags = is_utf8_pat ? FOLDEQ_S2_ALREADY_FOLDED : 0;
@@ -1754,7 +1937,7 @@ S_find_byclass(pTHX_ regexp * prog, const regnode *c, char *s,
 
         /* FALLTHROUGH */
 
-    do_exactf_non_utf8: /* Neither pattern nor string are UTF8, and there
+      do_exactf_non_utf8: /* Neither pattern nor string are UTF8, and there
                            are no glitches with fold-length differences
                            between the target string and pattern */
 
@@ -1788,8 +1971,8 @@ S_find_byclass(pTHX_ regexp * prog, const regnode *c, char *s,
         }
         break;
 
-    do_exactf_utf8:
-    {
+      do_exactf_utf8:
+      {
         unsigned expansion;
 
         /* If one of the operands is in utf8, we can't use the simpler folding
@@ -1843,46 +2026,321 @@ S_find_byclass(pTHX_ regexp * prog, const regnode *c, char *s,
         }
         break;
     }
+
     case BOUNDL:
-        FBC_BOUND(isWORDCHAR_LC,
-                  isWORDCHAR_LC_uvchr(tmp),
-                  isWORDCHAR_LC_utf8((U8*)s));
+        _CHECK_AND_WARN_PROBLEMATIC_LOCALE;
+        if (FLAGS(c) != TRADITIONAL_BOUND) {
+            if (! IN_UTF8_CTYPE_LOCALE) {
+                Perl_ck_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_LOCALE),
+                                                B_ON_NON_UTF8_LOCALE_IS_WRONG);
+            }
+            goto do_boundu;
+        }
+
+        FBC_BOUND(isWORDCHAR_LC, isWORDCHAR_LC_uvchr, isWORDCHAR_LC_utf8);
         break;
+
     case NBOUNDL:
-        FBC_NBOUND(isWORDCHAR_LC,
-                   isWORDCHAR_LC_uvchr(tmp),
-                   isWORDCHAR_LC_utf8((U8*)s));
-        break;
-    case BOUND:
-        FBC_BOUND(isWORDCHAR,
-                  isWORDCHAR_uni(tmp),
-                  cBOOL(swash_fetch(PL_utf8_swash_ptrs[_CC_WORDCHAR], (U8*)s, utf8_target)));
+        _CHECK_AND_WARN_PROBLEMATIC_LOCALE;
+        if (FLAGS(c) != TRADITIONAL_BOUND) {
+            if (! IN_UTF8_CTYPE_LOCALE) {
+                Perl_ck_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_LOCALE),
+                                                B_ON_NON_UTF8_LOCALE_IS_WRONG);
+            }
+            goto do_nboundu;
+        }
+
+        FBC_NBOUND(isWORDCHAR_LC, isWORDCHAR_LC_uvchr, isWORDCHAR_LC_utf8);
         break;
-    case BOUNDA:
-        FBC_BOUND_A(isWORDCHAR_A,
-                    isWORDCHAR_A(tmp),
-                    isWORDCHAR_A((U8*)s));
+
+    case BOUND: /* regcomp.c makes sure that this only has the traditional \b
+                   meaning */
+        assert(FLAGS(c) == TRADITIONAL_BOUND);
+
+        FBC_BOUND(isWORDCHAR, isWORDCHAR_uni, isWORDCHAR_utf8);
         break;
-    case NBOUND:
-        FBC_NBOUND(isWORDCHAR,
-                   isWORDCHAR_uni(tmp),
-                   cBOOL(swash_fetch(PL_utf8_swash_ptrs[_CC_WORDCHAR], (U8*)s, utf8_target)));
+
+    case BOUNDA: /* regcomp.c makes sure that this only has the traditional \b
+                   meaning */
+        assert(FLAGS(c) == TRADITIONAL_BOUND);
+
+        FBC_BOUND_A(isWORDCHAR_A);
         break;
-    case NBOUNDA:
-        FBC_NBOUND_A(isWORDCHAR_A,
-                     isWORDCHAR_A(tmp),
-                     isWORDCHAR_A((U8*)s));
+
+    case NBOUND: /* regcomp.c makes sure that this only has the traditional \b
+                   meaning */
+        assert(FLAGS(c) == TRADITIONAL_BOUND);
+
+        FBC_NBOUND(isWORDCHAR, isWORDCHAR_uni, isWORDCHAR_utf8);
         break;
-    case BOUNDU:
-        FBC_BOUND(isWORDCHAR_L1,
-                  isWORDCHAR_uni(tmp),
-                  cBOOL(swash_fetch(PL_utf8_swash_ptrs[_CC_WORDCHAR], (U8*)s, utf8_target)));
+
+    case NBOUNDA: /* regcomp.c makes sure that this only has the traditional \b
+                   meaning */
+        assert(FLAGS(c) == TRADITIONAL_BOUND);
+
+        FBC_NBOUND_A(isWORDCHAR_A);
         break;
+
     case NBOUNDU:
-        FBC_NBOUND(isWORDCHAR_L1,
-                   isWORDCHAR_uni(tmp),
-                   cBOOL(swash_fetch(PL_utf8_swash_ptrs[_CC_WORDCHAR], (U8*)s, utf8_target)));
+        if ((bound_type) FLAGS(c) == TRADITIONAL_BOUND) {
+            FBC_NBOUND(isWORDCHAR_L1, isWORDCHAR_uni, isWORDCHAR_utf8);
+            break;
+        }
+
+      do_nboundu:
+
+        to_complement = 1;
+        /* FALLTHROUGH */
+
+    case BOUNDU:
+      do_boundu:
+        switch((bound_type) FLAGS(c)) {
+            case TRADITIONAL_BOUND:
+                FBC_BOUND(isWORDCHAR_L1, isWORDCHAR_uni, isWORDCHAR_utf8);
+                break;
+            case GCB_BOUND:
+                if (s == reginfo->strbeg) {
+                    if (reginfo->intuit || regtry(reginfo, &s))
+                    {
+                        goto got_it;
+                    }
+
+                    /* Didn't match.  Try at the next position (if there is one) */
+                    s += (utf8_target) ? UTF8SKIP(s) : 1;
+                    if (UNLIKELY(s >= reginfo->strend)) {
+                        break;
+                    }
+                }
+
+                if (utf8_target) {
+                    GCB_enum before = getGCB_VAL_UTF8(
+                                               reghop3((U8*)s, -1,
+                                                       (U8*)(reginfo->strbeg)),
+                                               (U8*) reginfo->strend);
+                    while (s < strend) {
+                        GCB_enum after = getGCB_VAL_UTF8((U8*) s,
+                                                        (U8*) reginfo->strend);
+                        if (   (to_complement ^ isGCB(before,
+                                                      after,
+                                                      (U8*) reginfo->strbeg,
+                                                      (U8*) s,
+                                                      utf8_target))
+                            && (reginfo->intuit || regtry(reginfo, &s)))
+                        {
+                            goto got_it;
+                        }
+                        before = after;
+                        s += UTF8SKIP(s);
+                    }
+                }
+                else {  /* Not utf8.  Everything is a GCB except between CR and
+                           LF */
+                    while (s < strend) {
+                        if ((to_complement ^ (   UCHARAT(s - 1) != '\r'
+                                              || UCHARAT(s) != '\n'))
+                            && (reginfo->intuit || regtry(reginfo, &s)))
+                        {
+                            goto got_it;
+                        }
+                        s++;
+                    }
+                }
+
+                /* And, since this is a bound, it can match after the final
+                 * character in the string */
+                if ((reginfo->intuit || regtry(reginfo, &s))) {
+                    goto got_it;
+                }
+                break;
+
+            case LB_BOUND:
+                if (s == reginfo->strbeg) {
+                    if (reginfo->intuit || regtry(reginfo, &s)) {
+                        goto got_it;
+                    }
+                    s += (utf8_target) ? UTF8SKIP(s) : 1;
+                    if (UNLIKELY(s >= reginfo->strend)) {
+                        break;
+                    }
+                }
+
+                if (utf8_target) {
+                    LB_enum before = getLB_VAL_UTF8(reghop3((U8*)s,
+                                                               -1,
+                                                               (U8*)(reginfo->strbeg)),
+                                                       (U8*) reginfo->strend);
+                    while (s < strend) {
+                        LB_enum after = getLB_VAL_UTF8((U8*) s, (U8*) reginfo->strend);
+                        if (to_complement ^ isLB(before,
+                                                 after,
+                                                 (U8*) reginfo->strbeg,
+                                                 (U8*) s,
+                                                 (U8*) reginfo->strend,
+                                                 utf8_target)
+                            && (reginfo->intuit || regtry(reginfo, &s)))
+                        {
+                            goto got_it;
+                        }
+                        before = after;
+                        s += UTF8SKIP(s);
+                    }
+                }
+                else {  /* Not utf8. */
+                    LB_enum before = getLB_VAL_CP((U8) *(s -1));
+                    while (s < strend) {
+                        LB_enum after = getLB_VAL_CP((U8) *s);
+                        if (to_complement ^ isLB(before,
+                                                 after,
+                                                 (U8*) reginfo->strbeg,
+                                                 (U8*) s,
+                                                 (U8*) reginfo->strend,
+                                                 utf8_target)
+                            && (reginfo->intuit || regtry(reginfo, &s)))
+                        {
+                            goto got_it;
+                        }
+                        before = after;
+                        s++;
+                    }
+                }
+
+                if (reginfo->intuit || regtry(reginfo, &s)) {
+                    goto got_it;
+                }
+
+                break;
+
+            case SB_BOUND:
+                if (s == reginfo->strbeg) {
+                    if (reginfo->intuit || regtry(reginfo, &s)) {
+                        goto got_it;
+                    }
+                    s += (utf8_target) ? UTF8SKIP(s) : 1;
+                    if (UNLIKELY(s >= reginfo->strend)) {
+                        break;
+                    }
+                }
+
+                if (utf8_target) {
+                    SB_enum before = getSB_VAL_UTF8(reghop3((U8*)s,
+                                                        -1,
+                                                        (U8*)(reginfo->strbeg)),
+                                                      (U8*) reginfo->strend);
+                    while (s < strend) {
+                        SB_enum after = getSB_VAL_UTF8((U8*) s,
+                                                         (U8*) reginfo->strend);
+                        if ((to_complement ^ isSB(before,
+                                                  after,
+                                                  (U8*) reginfo->strbeg,
+                                                  (U8*) s,
+                                                  (U8*) reginfo->strend,
+                                                  utf8_target))
+                            && (reginfo->intuit || regtry(reginfo, &s)))
+                        {
+                            goto got_it;
+                        }
+                        before = after;
+                        s += UTF8SKIP(s);
+                    }
+                }
+                else {  /* Not utf8. */
+                    SB_enum before = getSB_VAL_CP((U8) *(s -1));
+                    while (s < strend) {
+                        SB_enum after = getSB_VAL_CP((U8) *s);
+                        if ((to_complement ^ isSB(before,
+                                                  after,
+                                                  (U8*) reginfo->strbeg,
+                                                  (U8*) s,
+                                                  (U8*) reginfo->strend,
+                                                  utf8_target))
+                            && (reginfo->intuit || regtry(reginfo, &s)))
+                        {
+                            goto got_it;
+                        }
+                        before = after;
+                        s++;
+                    }
+                }
+
+                /* Here are at the final position in the target string.  The SB
+                 * value is always true here, so matches, depending on other
+                 * constraints */
+                if (reginfo->intuit || regtry(reginfo, &s)) {
+                    goto got_it;
+                }
+
+                break;
+
+            case WB_BOUND:
+                if (s == reginfo->strbeg) {
+                    if (reginfo->intuit || regtry(reginfo, &s)) {
+                        goto got_it;
+                    }
+                    s += (utf8_target) ? UTF8SKIP(s) : 1;
+                    if (UNLIKELY(s >= reginfo->strend)) {
+                        break;
+                    }
+                }
+
+                if (utf8_target) {
+                    /* We are at a boundary between char_sub_0 and char_sub_1.
+                     * We also keep track of the value for char_sub_-1 as we
+                     * loop through the line.   Context may be needed to make a
+                     * determination, and if so, this can save having to
+                     * recalculate it */
+                    WB_enum previous = WB_UNKNOWN;
+                    WB_enum before = getWB_VAL_UTF8(
+                                              reghop3((U8*)s,
+                                                      -1,
+                                                      (U8*)(reginfo->strbeg)),
+                                              (U8*) reginfo->strend);
+                    while (s < strend) {
+                        WB_enum after = getWB_VAL_UTF8((U8*) s,
+                                                        (U8*) reginfo->strend);
+                        if ((to_complement ^ isWB(previous,
+                                                  before,
+                                                  after,
+                                                  (U8*) reginfo->strbeg,
+                                                  (U8*) s,
+                                                  (U8*) reginfo->strend,
+                                                  utf8_target))
+                            && (reginfo->intuit || regtry(reginfo, &s)))
+                        {
+                            goto got_it;
+                        }
+                        previous = before;
+                        before = after;
+                        s += UTF8SKIP(s);
+                    }
+                }
+                else {  /* Not utf8. */
+                    WB_enum previous = WB_UNKNOWN;
+                    WB_enum before = getWB_VAL_CP((U8) *(s -1));
+                    while (s < strend) {
+                        WB_enum after = getWB_VAL_CP((U8) *s);
+                        if ((to_complement ^ isWB(previous,
+                                                  before,
+                                                  after,
+                                                  (U8*) reginfo->strbeg,
+                                                  (U8*) s,
+                                                  (U8*) reginfo->strend,
+                                                  utf8_target))
+                            && (reginfo->intuit || regtry(reginfo, &s)))
+                        {
+                            goto got_it;
+                        }
+                        previous = before;
+                        before = after;
+                        s++;
+                    }
+                }
+
+                if (reginfo->intuit || regtry(reginfo, &s)) {
+                    goto got_it;
+                }
+        }
         break;
+
     case LNBREAK:
         REXEC_FBC_CSCAN(is_LNBREAK_utf8_safe(s, strend),
                         is_LNBREAK_latin1_safe(s, strend)
@@ -1897,6 +2355,7 @@ S_find_byclass(pTHX_ regexp * prog, const regnode *c, char *s,
         /* FALLTHROUGH */
 
     case POSIXL:
+        _CHECK_AND_WARN_PROBLEMATIC_LOCALE;
         REXEC_FBC_CSCAN(to_complement ^ cBOOL(isFOO_utf8_lc(FLAGS(c), (U8 *) s)),
                         to_complement ^ cBOOL(isFOO_lc(FLAGS(c), *s)));
         break;
@@ -1942,7 +2401,7 @@ S_find_byclass(pTHX_ regexp * prog, const regnode *c, char *s,
         }
         else {
 
-      posix_utf8:
+          posix_utf8:
             classnum = (_char_class_number) FLAGS(c);
             if (classnum < _FIRST_NON_SWASH_CC) {
                 while (s < strend) {
@@ -1959,7 +2418,7 @@ S_find_byclass(pTHX_ regexp * prog, const regnode *c, char *s,
                                                                 classnum)))
                         || (UTF8_IS_DOWNGRADEABLE_START(*s)
                             && to_complement ^ cBOOL(
-                                _generic_isCC(TWO_BYTE_UTF8_TO_NATIVE(*s,
+                                _generic_isCC(EIGHT_BIT_UTF8_TO_NATIVE(*s,
                                                                       *(s + 1)),
                                               classnum))))
                     {
@@ -1977,11 +2436,7 @@ S_find_byclass(pTHX_ regexp * prog, const regnode *c, char *s,
             }
             else switch (classnum) {    /* These classes are implemented as
                                            macros */
-                case _CC_ENUM_SPACE: /* XXX would require separate code if we
-                                        revert the change of \v matching this */
-                    /* FALLTHROUGH */
-
-                case _CC_ENUM_PSXSPC:
+                case _CC_ENUM_SPACE:
                     REXEC_FBC_UTF8_CLASS_SCAN(
                                         to_complement ^ cBOOL(isSPACE_utf8(s)));
                     break;
@@ -2008,7 +2463,7 @@ S_find_byclass(pTHX_ regexp * prog, const regnode *c, char *s,
 
                 default:
                     Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: find_byclass() node %d='%s' has an unexpected character class '%d'", OP(c), PL_reg_name[OP(c)], classnum);
-                    assert(0); /* NOTREACHED */
+                    NOT_REACHED; /* NOTREACHED */
             }
         }
         break;
@@ -2120,8 +2575,8 @@ S_find_byclass(pTHX_ regexp * prog, const regnode *c, char *s,
                             DEBUG_TRIE_EXECUTE_r(
                                 if ( uc <= (U8*)last_start && !BITMAP_TEST(bitmap,*uc) ) {
                                     dump_exec_pos( (char *)uc, c, strend, real_start,
-                                        (char *)uc, utf8_target );
-                                    PerlIO_printf( Perl_debug_log,
+                                        (char *)uc, utf8_target, 0 );
+                                    Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                                         " Scanning for legal start char...\n");
                                 }
                             );
@@ -2156,8 +2611,8 @@ S_find_byclass(pTHX_ regexp * prog, const regnode *c, char *s,
                                          foldbuf, uniflags);
                         DEBUG_TRIE_EXECUTE_r({
                             dump_exec_pos( (char *)uc, c, strend,
-                                        real_start, s, utf8_target);
-                            PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+                                        real_start, s, utf8_target, 0);
+                            Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                                 " Charid:%3u CP:%4"UVxf" ",
                                  charid, uvc);
                         });
@@ -2177,8 +2632,8 @@ S_find_byclass(pTHX_ regexp * prog, const regnode *c, char *s,
                         DEBUG_TRIE_EXECUTE_r({
                             if (failed)
                                 dump_exec_pos( (char *)uc, c, strend, real_start,
-                                    s,   utf8_target );
-                            PerlIO_printf( Perl_debug_log,
+                                    s,   utf8_target, 0 );
+                            Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                                 "%sState: %4"UVxf", word=%"UVxf,
                                 failed ? " Fail transition to " : "",
                                 (UV)state, (UV)word);
@@ -2194,13 +2649,13 @@ S_find_byclass(pTHX_ regexp * prog, const regnode *c, char *s,
                                  && (tmp=trie->trans[offset].next))
                             {
                                 DEBUG_TRIE_EXECUTE_r(
-                                    PerlIO_printf( Perl_debug_log," - legal\n"));
+                                    Perl_re_printf( aTHX_ " - legal\n"));
                                 state = tmp;
                                 break;
                             }
                             else {
                                 DEBUG_TRIE_EXECUTE_r(
-                                    PerlIO_printf( Perl_debug_log," - fail\n"));
+                                    Perl_re_printf( aTHX_ " - fail\n"));
                                 failed = 1;
                                 state = aho->fail[state];
                             }
@@ -2208,7 +2663,7 @@ S_find_byclass(pTHX_ regexp * prog, const regnode *c, char *s,
                         else {
                             /* we must be accepting here */
                             DEBUG_TRIE_EXECUTE_r(
-                                    PerlIO_printf( Perl_debug_log," - accepting\n"));
+                                    Perl_re_printf( aTHX_ " - accepting\n"));
                             failed = 1;
                             break;
                         }
@@ -2230,8 +2685,7 @@ S_find_byclass(pTHX_ regexp * prog, const regnode *c, char *s,
                 if (leftmost) {
                     s = (char*)leftmost;
                     DEBUG_TRIE_EXECUTE_r({
-                        PerlIO_printf(
-                            Perl_debug_log,"Matches word #%"UVxf" at position %"IVdf". Trying full pattern...\n",
+                        Perl_re_printf( aTHX_  "Matches word #%"UVxf" at position %"IVdf". Trying full pattern...\n",
                             (UV)accepted_word, (IV)(s - real_start)
                         );
                     });
@@ -2242,11 +2696,11 @@ S_find_byclass(pTHX_ regexp * prog, const regnode *c, char *s,
                     }
                     s = HOPc(s,1);
                     DEBUG_TRIE_EXECUTE_r({
-                        PerlIO_printf( Perl_debug_log,"Pattern failed. Looking for new start point...\n");
+                        Perl_re_printf( aTHX_ "Pattern failed. Looking for new start point...\n");
                     });
                 } else {
                     DEBUG_TRIE_EXECUTE_r(
-                        PerlIO_printf( Perl_debug_log,"No match.\n"));
+                        Perl_re_printf( aTHX_ "No match.\n"));
                     break;
                 }
             }
@@ -2278,11 +2732,9 @@ S_reg_set_capture_string(pTHX_ REGEXP * const rx,
     if (flags & REXEC_COPY_STR) {
 #ifdef PERL_ANY_COW
         if (SvCANCOW(sv)) {
-            if (DEBUG_C_TEST) {
-                PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+            DEBUG_C(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                               "Copy on write: regexp capture, type %d\n",
-                              (int) SvTYPE(sv));
-            }
+                                    (int) SvTYPE(sv)));
             /* Create a new COW SV to share the match string and store
              * in saved_copy, unless the current COW SV in saved_copy
              * is valid and suitable for our purpose */
@@ -2323,7 +2775,7 @@ S_reg_set_capture_string(pTHX_ REGEXP * const rx,
                 U32 n = 0;
                 max = -1;
                 /* calculate the right-most part of the string covered
-                 * by a capture. Due to look-ahead, this may be to
+                 * by a capture. Due to lookahead, this may be to
                  * the right of $&, so we have to scan all captures */
                 while (n <= prog->lastparen) {
                     if (prog->offs[n].end > max)
@@ -2344,7 +2796,7 @@ S_reg_set_capture_string(pTHX_ REGEXP * const rx,
                 U32 n = 0;
                 min = max;
                 /* calculate the left-most part of the string covered
-                 * by a capture. Due to look-behind, this may be to
+                 * by a capture. Due to lookbehind, this may be to
                  * the left of $&, so we have to scan all captures */
                 while (min && n <= prog->lastparen) {
                     if (   prog->offs[n].start != -1
@@ -2449,7 +2901,7 @@ Perl_regexec_flags(pTHX_ REGEXP * const rx, char *stringarg, char *strend,
     PERL_UNUSED_ARG(data);
 
     /* Be paranoid... */
-    if (prog == NULL || stringarg == NULL) {
+    if (prog == NULL) {
        Perl_croak(aTHX_ "NULL regexp parameter");
     }
 
@@ -2460,6 +2912,11 @@ Perl_regexec_flags(pTHX_ REGEXP * const rx, char *stringarg, char *strend,
 
     startpos = stringarg;
 
+    /* set these early as they may be used by the HOP macros below */
+    reginfo->strbeg = strbeg;
+    reginfo->strend = strend;
+    reginfo->is_utf8_target = cBOOL(utf8_target);
+
     if (prog->intflags & PREGf_GPOS_SEEN) {
         MAGIC *mg;
 
@@ -2468,12 +2925,12 @@ Perl_regexec_flags(pTHX_ REGEXP * const rx, char *stringarg, char *strend,
         reginfo->ganch =
             (flags & REXEC_IGNOREPOS)
             ? stringarg /* use start pos rather than pos() */
-            : (sv && (mg = mg_find_mglob(sv)) && mg->mg_len >= 0)
+            : ((mg = mg_find_mglob(sv)) && mg->mg_len >= 0)
               /* Defined pos(): */
             ? strbeg + MgBYTEPOS(mg, sv, strbeg, strend-strbeg)
             : strbeg; /* pos() not defined; use start of string */
 
-        DEBUG_GPOS_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+        DEBUG_GPOS_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
             "GPOS ganch set to strbeg[%"IVdf"]\n", (IV)(reginfo->ganch - strbeg)));
 
         /* in the presence of \G, we may need to start looking earlier in
@@ -2487,20 +2944,23 @@ Perl_regexec_flags(pTHX_ REGEXP * const rx, char *stringarg, char *strend,
          */
 
         if (prog->intflags & PREGf_ANCH_GPOS) {
-            startpos  = reginfo->ganch - prog->gofs;
-            if (startpos <
-                ((flags & REXEC_FAIL_ON_UNDERFLOW) ? stringarg : strbeg))
-            {
-                DEBUG_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
-                        "fail: ganch-gofs before earliest possible start\n"));
-                return 0;
+            if (prog->gofs) {
+                startpos = HOPBACKc(reginfo->ganch, prog->gofs);
+                if (!startpos ||
+                    ((flags & REXEC_FAIL_ON_UNDERFLOW) && startpos < stringarg))
+                {
+                    DEBUG_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
+                            "fail: ganch-gofs before earliest possible start\n"));
+                    return 0;
+                }
             }
+            else
+                startpos = reginfo->ganch;
         }
         else if (prog->gofs) {
-            if (startpos - prog->gofs < strbeg)
+            startpos = HOPBACKc(startpos, prog->gofs);
+            if (!startpos)
                 startpos = strbeg;
-            else
-                startpos -= prog->gofs;
         }
         else if (prog->intflags & PREGf_GPOS_FLOAT)
             startpos = strbeg;
@@ -2508,7 +2968,7 @@ Perl_regexec_flags(pTHX_ REGEXP * const rx, char *stringarg, char *strend,
 
     minlen = prog->minlen;
     if ((startpos + minlen) > strend || startpos < strbeg) {
-        DEBUG_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+        DEBUG_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                     "Regex match can't succeed, so not even tried\n"));
         return 0;
     }
@@ -2543,7 +3003,7 @@ Perl_regexec_flags(pTHX_ REGEXP * const rx, char *stringarg, char *strend,
             {
                 /* this should only be possible under \G */
                 assert(prog->intflags & PREGf_GPOS_SEEN);
-                DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+                DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                     "matched, but failing for REXEC_FAIL_ON_UNDERFLOW\n"));
                 goto phooey;
             }
@@ -2568,7 +3028,7 @@ Perl_regexec_flags(pTHX_ REGEXP * const rx, char *stringarg, char *strend,
     multiline = prog->extflags & RXf_PMf_MULTILINE;
     
     if (strend - s < (minlen+(prog->check_offset_min<0?prog->check_offset_min:0))) {
-        DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+        DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                              "String too short [regexec_flags]...\n"));
        goto phooey;
     }
@@ -2579,16 +3039,14 @@ Perl_regexec_flags(pTHX_ REGEXP * const rx, char *stringarg, char *strend,
     }
 
     RX_MATCH_TAINTED_off(rx);
+    RX_MATCH_UTF8_set(rx, utf8_target);
 
     reginfo->prog = rx;         /* Yes, sorry that this is confusing.  */
     reginfo->intuit = 0;
-    reginfo->is_utf8_target = cBOOL(utf8_target);
     reginfo->is_utf8_pat = cBOOL(RX_UTF8(rx));
     reginfo->warned = FALSE;
-    reginfo->strbeg  = strbeg;
     reginfo->sv = sv;
     reginfo->poscache_maxiter = 0; /* not yet started a countdown */
-    reginfo->strend = strend;
     /* see how far we have to get to not match where we matched before */
     reginfo->till = stringarg + minend;
 
@@ -2599,7 +3057,6 @@ Perl_regexec_flags(pTHX_ REGEXP * const rx, char *stringarg, char *strend,
            magic belonging to this SV.
            Not newSVsv, either, as it does not COW.
         */
-        assert(!IS_PADGV(sv));
         reginfo->sv = newSV(0);
         SvSetSV_nosteal(reginfo->sv, sv);
         SAVEFREESV(reginfo->sv);
@@ -2668,7 +3125,7 @@ Perl_regexec_flags(pTHX_ REGEXP * const rx, char *stringarg, char *strend,
         swap = prog->offs;
         /* do we need a save destructor here for eval dies? */
         Newxz(prog->offs, (prog->nparens + 1), regexp_paren_pair);
-       DEBUG_BUFFERS_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+        DEBUG_BUFFERS_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
            "rex=0x%"UVxf" saving  offs: orig=0x%"UVxf" new=0x%"UVxf"\n",
            PTR2UV(prog),
            PTR2UV(swap),
@@ -2676,93 +3133,62 @@ Perl_regexec_flags(pTHX_ REGEXP * const rx, char *stringarg, char *strend,
        ));
     }
 
-    /* Simplest case:  anchored match need be tried only once. */
-    /*  [unless only anchor is BOL and multiline is set] */
+    if (prog->recurse_locinput)
+        Zero(prog->recurse_locinput,prog->nparens + 1, char *);
+
+    /* Simplest case: anchored match need be tried only once, or with
+     * MBOL, only at the beginning of each line.
+     *
+     * Note that /.*.../ sets PREGf_IMPLICIT|MBOL, while /.*.../s sets
+     * PREGf_IMPLICIT|SBOL. The idea is that with /.*.../s, if it doesn't
+     * match at the start of the string then it won't match anywhere else
+     * either; while with /.*.../, if it doesn't match at the beginning,
+     * the earliest it could match is at the start of the next line */
+
     if (prog->intflags & (PREGf_ANCH & ~PREGf_ANCH_GPOS)) {
-       if (s == startpos && regtry(reginfo, &s))
+        char *end;
+
+       if (regtry(reginfo, &s))
            goto got_it;
-        else if (multiline || (prog->intflags & (PREGf_IMPLICIT | PREGf_ANCH_MBOL))) /* XXXX SBOL? */
-       {
-           char *end;
-
-           if (minlen)
-               dontbother = minlen - 1;
-           end = HOP3c(strend, -dontbother, strbeg) - 1;
-           /* for multiline we only have to try after newlines */
-           if (prog->check_substr || prog->check_utf8) {
-                /* because of the goto we can not easily reuse the macros for bifurcating the
-                   unicode/non-unicode match modes here like we do elsewhere - demerphq */
-                if (utf8_target) {
-                    if (s == startpos)
-                        goto after_try_utf8;
-                    while (1) {
-                        if (regtry(reginfo, &s)) {
-                            goto got_it;
-                        }
-                      after_try_utf8:
-                        if (s > end) {
-                            goto phooey;
-                        }
-                        if (prog->extflags & RXf_USE_INTUIT) {
-                            s = re_intuit_start(rx, sv, strbeg,
-                                    s + UTF8SKIP(s), strend, flags, NULL);
-                            if (!s) {
-                                goto phooey;
-                            }
-                        }
-                        else {
-                            s += UTF8SKIP(s);
-                        }
-                    }
-                } /* end search for check string in unicode */
-                else {
-                    if (s == startpos) {
-                        goto after_try_latin;
-                    }
-                    while (1) {
-                        if (regtry(reginfo, &s)) {
-                            goto got_it;
-                        }
-                      after_try_latin:
-                        if (s > end) {
-                            goto phooey;
-                        }
-                        if (prog->extflags & RXf_USE_INTUIT) {
-                            s = re_intuit_start(rx, sv, strbeg,
-                                        s + 1, strend, flags, NULL);
-                            if (!s) {
-                                goto phooey;
-                            }
-                        }
-                        else {
-                            s++;
-                        }
-                    }
-                } /* end search for check string in latin*/
-           } /* end search for check string */
-           else { /* search for newline */
-               if (s > startpos) {
-                    /*XXX: The s-- is almost definitely wrong here under unicode - demeprhq*/
-                   s--;
-               }
-               /* We can use a more efficient search as newlines are the same in unicode as they are in latin */
-               while (s <= end) { /* note it could be possible to match at the end of the string */
-                   if (*s++ == '\n') { /* don't need PL_utf8skip here */
-                       if (regtry(reginfo, &s))
-                           goto got_it;
-                   }
-               }
-           } /* end search for newline */
-       } /* end anchored/multiline check string search */
-       goto phooey;
-    } else if (prog->intflags & PREGf_ANCH_GPOS)
+
+        if (!(prog->intflags & PREGf_ANCH_MBOL))
+            goto phooey;
+
+        /* didn't match at start, try at other newline positions */
+
+        if (minlen)
+            dontbother = minlen - 1;
+        end = HOP3c(strend, -dontbother, strbeg) - 1;
+
+        /* skip to next newline */
+
+        while (s <= end) { /* note it could be possible to match at the end of the string */
+            /* NB: newlines are the same in unicode as they are in latin */
+            if (*s++ != '\n')
+                continue;
+            if (prog->check_substr || prog->check_utf8) {
+            /* note that with PREGf_IMPLICIT, intuit can only fail
+             * or return the start position, so it's of limited utility.
+             * Nevertheless, I made the decision that the potential for
+             * quick fail was still worth it - DAPM */
+                s = re_intuit_start(rx, sv, strbeg, s, strend, flags, NULL);
+                if (!s)
+                    goto phooey;
+            }
+            if (regtry(reginfo, &s))
+                goto got_it;
+        }
+        goto phooey;
+    } /* end anchored search */
+
+    if (prog->intflags & PREGf_ANCH_GPOS)
     {
         /* PREGf_ANCH_GPOS should never be true if PREGf_GPOS_SEEN is not true */
         assert(prog->intflags & PREGf_GPOS_SEEN);
         /* For anchored \G, the only position it can match from is
          * (ganch-gofs); we already set startpos to this above; if intuit
          * moved us on from there, we can't possibly succeed */
-        assert(startpos == reginfo->ganch - prog->gofs);
+        assert(startpos == HOPBACKc(reginfo->ganch, prog->gofs));
        if (s == startpos && regtry(reginfo, &s))
            goto got_it;
        goto phooey;
@@ -2810,7 +3236,7 @@ Perl_regexec_flags(pTHX_ REGEXP * const rx, char *stringarg, char *strend,
            );
        }
        DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(if (!did_match)
-               PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+                Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                                   "Did not find anchored character...\n")
                );
     }
@@ -2915,7 +3341,7 @@ Perl_regexec_flags(pTHX_ REGEXP * const rx, char *stringarg, char *strend,
        DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(if (!did_match) {
             RE_PV_QUOTED_DECL(quoted, utf8_target, PERL_DEBUG_PAD_ZERO(0),
                 SvPVX_const(must), RE_SV_DUMPLEN(must), 30);
-            PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "Did not find %s substr %s%s...\n",
+            Perl_re_printf( aTHX_  "Did not find %s substr %s%s...\n",
                              ((must == prog->anchored_substr || must == prog->anchored_utf8)
                               ? "anchored" : "floating"),
                 quoted, RE_SV_TAIL(must));
@@ -2926,16 +3352,16 @@ Perl_regexec_flags(pTHX_ REGEXP * const rx, char *stringarg, char *strend,
        if (minlen) {
            const OPCODE op = OP(progi->regstclass);
            /* don't bother with what can't match */
-           if (PL_regkind[op] != EXACT && op != CANY && PL_regkind[op] != TRIE)
+           if (PL_regkind[op] != EXACT && PL_regkind[op] != TRIE)
                strend = HOPc(strend, -(minlen - 1));
        }
        DEBUG_EXECUTE_r({
            SV * const prop = sv_newmortal();
-            regprop(prog, prop, c, reginfo);
+            regprop(prog, prop, c, reginfo, NULL);
            {
                RE_PV_QUOTED_DECL(quoted,utf8_target,PERL_DEBUG_PAD_ZERO(1),
                    s,strend-s,60);
-               PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+                Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                    "Matching stclass %.*s against %s (%d bytes)\n",
                    (int)SvCUR(prop), SvPVX_const(prop),
                     quoted, (int)(strend - s));
@@ -2943,7 +3369,7 @@ Perl_regexec_flags(pTHX_ REGEXP * const rx, char *stringarg, char *strend,
        });
         if (find_byclass(prog, c, s, strend, reginfo))
            goto got_it;
-       DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "Contradicts stclass... [regexec_flags]\n"));
+        DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_  "Contradicts stclass... [regexec_flags]\n"));
     }
     else {
        dontbother = 0;
@@ -2982,14 +3408,14 @@ Perl_regexec_flags(pTHX_ REGEXP * const rx, char *stringarg, char *strend,
                      * the \n. */
                    char *checkpos= strend - len;
                    DEBUG_OPTIMISE_r(
-                       PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+                        Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                            "%sChecking for float_real.%s\n",
                            PL_colors[4], PL_colors[5]));
                    if (checkpos + 1 < strbeg) {
                         /* can't match, even if we remove the trailing \n
                          * string is too short to match */
                        DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(
-                           PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+                            Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                                "%sString shorter than required trailing substring, cannot match.%s\n",
                                PL_colors[4], PL_colors[5]));
                        goto phooey;
@@ -3001,7 +3427,7 @@ Perl_regexec_flags(pTHX_ REGEXP * const rx, char *stringarg, char *strend,
                         /* cant match, string is too short when the "\n" is
                          * included */
                        DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(
-                           PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+                            Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                                "%sString does not contain required trailing substring, cannot match.%s\n",
                                PL_colors[4], PL_colors[5]));
                        goto phooey;
@@ -3012,7 +3438,7 @@ Perl_regexec_flags(pTHX_ REGEXP * const rx, char *stringarg, char *strend,
                            last= checkpos;
                        } else {
                            DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(
-                               PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+                                Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                                    "%sString does not contain required trailing substring, cannot match.%s\n",
                                    PL_colors[4], PL_colors[5]));
                            goto phooey;
@@ -3036,8 +3462,9 @@ Perl_regexec_flags(pTHX_ REGEXP * const rx, char *stringarg, char *strend,
                  * pretty sure it is not anymore, so I have removed the comment
                  * and replaced it with this one. Yves */
                DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(
-                   PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
-                       "String does not contain required substring, cannot match.\n"
+                    Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
+                       "%sString does not contain required substring, cannot match.%s\n",
+                        PL_colors[4], PL_colors[5]
                    ));
                goto phooey;
            }
@@ -3067,7 +3494,7 @@ Perl_regexec_flags(pTHX_ REGEXP * const rx, char *stringarg, char *strend,
     /* Failure. */
     goto phooey;
 
-got_it:
+  got_it:
     /* s/// doesn't like it if $& is earlier than where we asked it to
      * start searching (which can happen on something like /.\G/) */
     if (       (flags & REXEC_FAIL_ON_UNDERFLOW)
@@ -3075,14 +3502,14 @@ got_it:
     {
         /* this should only be possible under \G */
         assert(prog->intflags & PREGf_GPOS_SEEN);
-        DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+        DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
             "matched, but failing for REXEC_FAIL_ON_UNDERFLOW\n"));
         goto phooey;
     }
 
     DEBUG_BUFFERS_r(
        if (swap)
-           PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+            Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                "rex=0x%"UVxf" freeing offs: 0x%"UVxf"\n",
                PTR2UV(prog),
                PTR2UV(swap)
@@ -3099,8 +3526,6 @@ got_it:
     if (RXp_PAREN_NAMES(prog)) 
         (void)hv_iterinit(RXp_PAREN_NAMES(prog));
 
-    RX_MATCH_UTF8_set(rx, utf8_target);
-
     /* make sure $`, $&, $', and $digit will work later */
     if ( !(flags & REXEC_NOT_FIRST) )
         S_reg_set_capture_string(aTHX_ rx,
@@ -3109,8 +3534,8 @@ got_it:
 
     return 1;
 
-phooey:
-    DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "%sMatch failed%s\n",
+  phooey:
+    DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_  "%sMatch failed%s\n",
                          PL_colors[4], PL_colors[5]));
 
     /* clean up; this will trigger destructors that will free all slabs
@@ -3121,7 +3546,7 @@ phooey:
 
     if (swap) {
         /* we failed :-( roll it back */
-       DEBUG_BUFFERS_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+        DEBUG_BUFFERS_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
            "rex=0x%"UVxf" rolling back offs: freeing=0x%"UVxf" restoring=0x%"UVxf"\n",
            PTR2UV(prog),
            PTR2UV(prog->offs),
@@ -3147,13 +3572,16 @@ phooey:
 /*
  - regtry - try match at specific point
  */
-STATIC I32                     /* 0 failure, 1 success */
+STATIC bool                    /* 0 failure, 1 success */
 S_regtry(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char **startposp)
 {
     CHECKPOINT lastcp;
     REGEXP *const rx = reginfo->prog;
     regexp *const prog = ReANY(rx);
     SSize_t result;
+#ifdef DEBUGGING
+    U32 depth = 0; /* used by REGCP_SET */
+#endif
     RXi_GET_DECL(prog,progi);
     GET_RE_DEBUG_FLAGS_DECL;
 
@@ -3214,10 +3642,26 @@ S_regtry(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char **startposp)
     sayNO
 
 /* this is used to determine how far from the left messages like
-   'failed...' are printed. It should be set such that messages 
-   are inline with the regop output that created them.
+   'failed...' are printed in regexec.c. It should be set such that
+   messages are inline with the regop output that created them.
 */
-#define REPORT_CODE_OFF 32
+#define REPORT_CODE_OFF 29
+#define INDENT_CHARS(depth) ((int)(depth) % 20)
+#ifdef DEBUGGING
+int
+Perl_re_exec_indentf(pTHX_ const char *fmt, U32 depth, ...)
+{
+    va_list ap;
+    int result;
+    PerlIO *f= Perl_debug_log;
+    PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_RE_EXEC_INDENTF;
+    va_start(ap, depth);
+    PerlIO_printf(f, "%*s|%4"UVuf"| %*s", REPORT_CODE_OFF, "", (UV)depth, INDENT_CHARS(depth), "" );
+    result = PerlIO_vprintf(f, fmt, ap);
+    va_end(ap);
+    return result;
+}
+#endif /* DEBUGGING */
 
 
 #define CHRTEST_UNINIT -1001 /* c1/c2 haven't been calculated yet */
@@ -3398,18 +3842,18 @@ regmatch(), slabs allocated since entry are freed.
 */
  
 
-#define DEBUG_STATE_pp(pp)                                 \
-    DEBUG_STATE_r({                                        \
-       DUMP_EXEC_POS(locinput, scan, utf8_target);         \
-       PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,                       \
-           "    %*s"pp" %s%s%s%s%s\n",                     \
-           depth*2, "",                                    \
-           PL_reg_name[st->resume_state],                  \
-           ((st==yes_state||st==mark_state) ? "[" : ""),   \
-           ((st==yes_state) ? "Y" : ""),                   \
-           ((st==mark_state) ? "M" : ""),                  \
-           ((st==yes_state||st==mark_state) ? "]" : "")    \
-       );                                                  \
+#define DEBUG_STATE_pp(pp)                                  \
+    DEBUG_STATE_r({                                         \
+        DUMP_EXEC_POS(locinput, scan, utf8_target,depth);   \
+        Perl_re_printf( aTHX_                                           \
+            "%*s" pp " %s%s%s%s%s\n",                       \
+            INDENT_CHARS(depth), "",                        \
+            PL_reg_name[st->resume_state],                  \
+            ((st==yes_state||st==mark_state) ? "[" : ""),   \
+            ((st==yes_state) ? "Y" : ""),                   \
+            ((st==mark_state) ? "M" : ""),                  \
+            ((st==yes_state||st==mark_state) ? "]" : "")    \
+        );                                                  \
     });
 
 
@@ -3434,12 +3878,12 @@ S_debug_start_match(pTHX_ const REGEXP *prog, const bool utf8_target,
         RE_PV_QUOTED_DECL(s1, utf8_target, PERL_DEBUG_PAD_ZERO(1),
             start, end - start, 60); 
         
-        PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, 
+        Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
             "%s%s REx%s %s against %s\n", 
                       PL_colors[4], blurb, PL_colors[5], s0, s1); 
         
         if (utf8_target||utf8_pat)
-            PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "UTF-8 %s%s%s...\n",
+            Perl_re_printf( aTHX_  "UTF-8 %s%s%s...\n",
                 utf8_pat ? "pattern" : "",
                 utf8_pat && utf8_target ? " and " : "",
                 utf8_target ? "string" : ""
@@ -3453,7 +3897,9 @@ S_dump_exec_pos(pTHX_ const char *locinput,
                       const char *loc_regeol, 
                       const char *loc_bostr, 
                       const char *loc_reg_starttry,
-                      const bool utf8_target)
+                      const bool utf8_target,
+                      const U32 depth
+                )
 {
     const int docolor = *PL_colors[0] || *PL_colors[2] || *PL_colors[4];
     const int taill = (docolor ? 10 : 7); /* 3 chars for "> <" */
@@ -3483,7 +3929,7 @@ S_dump_exec_pos(pTHX_ const char *locinput,
     if (pref0_len > pref_len)
        pref0_len = pref_len;
     {
-       const int is_uni = (utf8_target && OP(scan) != CANY) ? 1 : 0;
+       const int is_uni = utf8_target ? 1 : 0;
 
        RE_PV_COLOR_DECL(s0,len0,is_uni,PERL_DEBUG_PAD(0),
            (locinput - pref_len),pref0_len, 60, 4, 5);
@@ -3496,15 +3942,16 @@ S_dump_exec_pos(pTHX_ const char *locinput,
                    locinput, loc_regeol - locinput, 10, 0, 1);
 
        const STRLEN tlen=len0+len1+len2;
-       PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
-                   "%4"IVdf" <%.*s%.*s%s%.*s>%*s|",
+        Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
+                    "%4"IVdf" <%.*s%.*s%s%.*s>%*s|%4u| ",
                    (IV)(locinput - loc_bostr),
                    len0, s0,
                    len1, s1,
                    (docolor ? "" : "> <"),
                    len2, s2,
                    (int)(tlen > 19 ? 0 :  19 - tlen),
-                   "");
+                    "",
+                    depth);
     }
 }
 
@@ -3596,8 +4043,8 @@ S_setup_EXACTISH_ST_c1_c2(pTHX_ const regnode * const text_node, int *c1p,
 
     const bool utf8_target = reginfo->is_utf8_target;
 
-    UV c1 = CHRTEST_NOT_A_CP_1;
-    UV c2 = CHRTEST_NOT_A_CP_2;
+    UV c1 = (UV)CHRTEST_NOT_A_CP_1;
+    UV c2 = (UV)CHRTEST_NOT_A_CP_2;
     bool use_chrtest_void = FALSE;
     const bool is_utf8_pat = reginfo->is_utf8_pat;
 
@@ -3610,7 +4057,7 @@ S_setup_EXACTISH_ST_c1_c2(pTHX_ const regnode * const text_node, int *c1p,
     U8 *pat = (U8*)STRING(text_node);
     U8 folded[UTF8_MAX_FOLD_CHAR_EXPAND * UTF8_MAXBYTES_CASE + 1] = { '\0' };
 
-    if (OP(text_node) == EXACT) {
+    if (OP(text_node) == EXACT || OP(text_node) == EXACTL) {
 
         /* In an exact node, only one thing can be matched, that first
          * character.  If both the pat and the target are UTF-8, we can just
@@ -3712,7 +4159,7 @@ S_setup_EXACTISH_ST_c1_c2(pTHX_ const regnode * const text_node, int *c1p,
                 }
                 else {  /* Does participate in folds */
                     AV* list = (AV*) *listp;
-                    if (av_tindex(list) != 1) {
+                    if (av_tindex_nomg(list) != 1) {
 
                         /* If there aren't exactly two folds to this, it is
                          * outside the scope of this function */
@@ -3806,7 +4253,7 @@ S_setup_EXACTISH_ST_c1_c2(pTHX_ const regnode * const text_node, int *c1p,
 
                     default:
                         Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: Unexpected op %u", OP(text_node));
-                        assert(0); /* NOTREACHED */
+                        NOT_REACHED; /* NOTREACHED */
                 }
             }
         }
@@ -3848,10 +4295,1020 @@ S_setup_EXACTISH_ST_c1_c2(pTHX_ const regnode * const text_node, int *c1p,
     return TRUE;
 }
 
+STATIC bool
+S_isGCB(pTHX_ const GCB_enum before, const GCB_enum after, const U8 * const strbeg, const U8 * const curpos, const bool utf8_target)
+{
+    /* returns a boolean indicating if there is a Grapheme Cluster Boundary
+     * between the inputs.  See http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr29/. */
+
+    PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_ISGCB;
+
+    switch (GCB_table[before][after]) {
+        case GCB_BREAKABLE:
+            return TRUE;
+
+        case GCB_NOBREAK:
+            return FALSE;
+
+        case GCB_RI_then_RI:
+            {
+                int RI_count = 1;
+                U8 * temp_pos = (U8 *) curpos;
+
+                /* Do not break within emoji flag sequences. That is, do not
+                 * break between regional indicator (RI) symbols if there is an
+                 * odd number of RI characters before the break point.
+                 *  GB12     ^ (RI RI)* RI Ã— RI
+                 *  GB13 [^RI] (RI RI)* RI Ã— RI */
+
+                while (backup_one_GCB(strbeg,
+                                    &temp_pos,
+                                    utf8_target) == GCB_Regional_Indicator)
+                {
+                    RI_count++;
+                }
+
+                return RI_count % 2 != 1;
+            }
+
+        case GCB_EX_then_EM:
+
+            /* GB10  ( E_Base | E_Base_GAZ ) Extend* Ã—  E_Modifier */
+            {
+                U8 * temp_pos = (U8 *) curpos;
+                GCB_enum prev;
+
+                do {
+                    prev = backup_one_GCB(strbeg, &temp_pos, utf8_target);
+                }
+                while (prev == GCB_Extend);
+
+                return prev != GCB_E_Base && prev != GCB_E_Base_GAZ;
+            }
+
+        default:
+            break;
+    }
+
+#ifdef DEBUGGING
+    Perl_re_printf( aTHX_  "Unhandled GCB pair: GCB_table[%d, %d] = %d\n",
+                                  before, after, GCB_table[before][after]);
+    assert(0);
+#endif
+    return TRUE;
+}
+
+STATIC GCB_enum
+S_backup_one_GCB(pTHX_ const U8 * const strbeg, U8 ** curpos, const bool utf8_target)
+{
+    GCB_enum gcb;
+
+    PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_BACKUP_ONE_GCB;
+
+    if (*curpos < strbeg) {
+        return GCB_EDGE;
+    }
+
+    if (utf8_target) {
+        U8 * prev_char_pos = reghopmaybe3(*curpos, -1, strbeg);
+        U8 * prev_prev_char_pos;
+
+        if (! prev_char_pos) {
+            return GCB_EDGE;
+        }
+
+        if ((prev_prev_char_pos = reghopmaybe3((U8 *) prev_char_pos, -1, strbeg))) {
+            gcb = getGCB_VAL_UTF8(prev_prev_char_pos, prev_char_pos);
+            *curpos = prev_char_pos;
+            prev_char_pos = prev_prev_char_pos;
+        }
+        else {
+            *curpos = (U8 *) strbeg;
+            return GCB_EDGE;
+        }
+    }
+    else {
+        if (*curpos - 2 < strbeg) {
+            *curpos = (U8 *) strbeg;
+            return GCB_EDGE;
+        }
+        (*curpos)--;
+        gcb = getGCB_VAL_CP(*(*curpos - 1));
+    }
+
+    return gcb;
+}
+
+/* Combining marks attach to most classes that precede them, but this defines
+ * the exceptions (from TR14) */
+#define LB_CM_ATTACHES_TO(prev) ( ! (   prev == LB_EDGE                 \
+                                     || prev == LB_Mandatory_Break      \
+                                     || prev == LB_Carriage_Return      \
+                                     || prev == LB_Line_Feed            \
+                                     || prev == LB_Next_Line            \
+                                     || prev == LB_Space                \
+                                     || prev == LB_ZWSpace))
+
+STATIC bool
+S_isLB(pTHX_ LB_enum before,
+             LB_enum after,
+             const U8 * const strbeg,
+             const U8 * const curpos,
+             const U8 * const strend,
+             const bool utf8_target)
+{
+    U8 * temp_pos = (U8 *) curpos;
+    LB_enum prev = before;
+
+    /* Is the boundary between 'before' and 'after' line-breakable?
+     * Most of this is just a table lookup of a generated table from Unicode
+     * rules.  But some rules require context to decide, and so have to be
+     * implemented in code */
+
+    PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_ISLB;
+
+    /* Rule numbers in the comments below are as of Unicode 9.0 */
+
+  redo:
+    before = prev;
+    switch (LB_table[before][after]) {
+        case LB_BREAKABLE:
+            return TRUE;
+
+        case LB_NOBREAK:
+        case LB_NOBREAK_EVEN_WITH_SP_BETWEEN:
+            return FALSE;
+
+        case LB_SP_foo + LB_BREAKABLE:
+        case LB_SP_foo + LB_NOBREAK:
+        case LB_SP_foo + LB_NOBREAK_EVEN_WITH_SP_BETWEEN:
+
+            /* When we have something following a SP, we have to look at the
+             * context in order to know what to do.
+             *
+             * SP SP should not reach here because LB7: Do not break before
+             * spaces.  (For two spaces in a row there is nothing that
+             * overrides that) */
+            assert(after != LB_Space);
+
+            /* Here we have a space followed by a non-space.  Mostly this is a
+             * case of LB18: "Break after spaces".  But there are complications
+             * as the handling of spaces is somewhat tricky.  They are in a
+             * number of rules, which have to be applied in priority order, but
+             * something earlier in the string can cause a rule to be skipped
+             * and a lower priority rule invoked.  A prime example is LB7 which
+             * says don't break before a space.  But rule LB8 (lower priority)
+             * says that the first break opportunity after a ZW is after any
+             * span of spaces immediately after it.  If a ZW comes before a SP
+             * in the input, rule LB8 applies, and not LB7.  Other such rules
+             * involve combining marks which are rules 9 and 10, but they may
+             * override higher priority rules if they come earlier in the
+             * string.  Since we're doing random access into the middle of the
+             * string, we have to look for rules that should get applied based
+             * on both string position and priority.  Combining marks do not
+             * attach to either ZW nor SP, so we don't have to consider them
+             * until later.
+             *
+             * To check for LB8, we have to find the first non-space character
+             * before this span of spaces */
+            do {
+                prev = backup_one_LB(strbeg, &temp_pos, utf8_target);
+            }
+            while (prev == LB_Space);
+
+            /* LB8 Break before any character following a zero-width space,
+             * even if one or more spaces intervene.
+             *      ZW SP* Ã·
+             * So if we have a ZW just before this span, and to get here this
+             * is the final space in the span. */
+            if (prev == LB_ZWSpace) {
+                return TRUE;
+            }
+
+            /* Here, not ZW SP+.  There are several rules that have higher
+             * priority than LB18 and can be resolved now, as they don't depend
+             * on anything earlier in the string (except ZW, which we have
+             * already handled).  One of these rules is LB11 Do not break
+             * before Word joiner, but we have specially encoded that in the
+             * lookup table so it is caught by the single test below which
+             * catches the other ones. */
+            if (LB_table[LB_Space][after] - LB_SP_foo
+                                            == LB_NOBREAK_EVEN_WITH_SP_BETWEEN)
+            {
+                return FALSE;
+            }
+
+            /* If we get here, we have to XXX consider combining marks. */
+            if (prev == LB_Combining_Mark) {
+
+                /* What happens with these depends on the character they
+                 * follow.  */
+                do {
+                    prev = backup_one_LB(strbeg, &temp_pos, utf8_target);
+                }
+                while (prev == LB_Combining_Mark);
+
+                /* Most times these attach to and inherit the characteristics
+                 * of that character, but not always, and when not, they are to
+                 * be treated as AL by rule LB10. */
+                if (! LB_CM_ATTACHES_TO(prev)) {
+                    prev = LB_Alphabetic;
+                }
+            }
+
+            /* Here, we have the character preceding the span of spaces all set
+             * up.  We follow LB18: "Break after spaces" unless the table shows
+             * that is overriden */
+            return LB_table[prev][after] != LB_NOBREAK_EVEN_WITH_SP_BETWEEN;
+
+        case LB_CM_ZWJ_foo:
+
+            /* We don't know how to treat the CM except by looking at the first
+             * non-CM character preceding it.  ZWJ is treated as CM */
+            do {
+                prev = backup_one_LB(strbeg, &temp_pos, utf8_target);
+            }
+            while (prev == LB_Combining_Mark || prev == LB_ZWJ);
+
+            /* Here, 'prev' is that first earlier non-CM character.  If the CM
+             * attatches to it, then it inherits the behavior of 'prev'.  If it
+             * doesn't attach, it is to be treated as an AL */
+            if (! LB_CM_ATTACHES_TO(prev)) {
+                prev = LB_Alphabetic;
+            }
+
+            goto redo;
+
+        case LB_HY_or_BA_then_foo + LB_BREAKABLE:
+        case LB_HY_or_BA_then_foo + LB_NOBREAK:
+
+            /* LB21a Don't break after Hebrew + Hyphen.
+             * HL (HY | BA) Ã— */
+
+            if (backup_one_LB(strbeg, &temp_pos, utf8_target)
+                                                          == LB_Hebrew_Letter)
+            {
+                return FALSE;
+            }
+
+            return LB_table[prev][after] - LB_HY_or_BA_then_foo == LB_BREAKABLE;
+
+        case LB_PR_or_PO_then_OP_or_HY + LB_BREAKABLE:
+        case LB_PR_or_PO_then_OP_or_HY + LB_NOBREAK:
+
+            /* LB25a (PR | PO) Ã— ( OP | HY )? NU */
+            if (advance_one_LB(&temp_pos, strend, utf8_target) == LB_Numeric) {
+                return FALSE;
+            }
+
+            return LB_table[prev][after] - LB_PR_or_PO_then_OP_or_HY
+                                                                == LB_BREAKABLE;
+
+        case LB_SY_or_IS_then_various + LB_BREAKABLE:
+        case LB_SY_or_IS_then_various + LB_NOBREAK:
+        {
+            /* LB25d NU (SY | IS)* Ã— (NU | SY | IS | CL | CP ) */
+
+            LB_enum temp = prev;
+            do {
+                temp = backup_one_LB(strbeg, &temp_pos, utf8_target);
+            }
+            while (temp == LB_Break_Symbols || temp == LB_Infix_Numeric);
+            if (temp == LB_Numeric) {
+                return FALSE;
+            }
+
+            return LB_table[prev][after] - LB_SY_or_IS_then_various
+                                                               == LB_BREAKABLE;
+        }
+
+        case LB_various_then_PO_or_PR + LB_BREAKABLE:
+        case LB_various_then_PO_or_PR + LB_NOBREAK:
+        {
+            /* LB25e NU (SY | IS)* (CL | CP)? Ã— (PO | PR) */
+
+            LB_enum temp = prev;
+            if (temp == LB_Close_Punctuation || temp == LB_Close_Parenthesis)
+            {
+                temp = backup_one_LB(strbeg, &temp_pos, utf8_target);
+            }
+            while (temp == LB_Break_Symbols || temp == LB_Infix_Numeric) {
+                temp = backup_one_LB(strbeg, &temp_pos, utf8_target);
+            }
+            if (temp == LB_Numeric) {
+                return FALSE;
+            }
+            return LB_various_then_PO_or_PR;
+        }
+
+        case LB_RI_then_RI + LB_NOBREAK:
+        case LB_RI_then_RI + LB_BREAKABLE:
+            {
+                int RI_count = 1;
+
+                /* LB30a Break between two regional indicator symbols if and
+                 * only if there are an even number of regional indicators
+                 * preceding the position of the break.
+                 *
+                 *  sot (RI RI)* RI Ã— RI
+                 *  [^RI] (RI RI)* RI Ã— RI */
+
+                while (backup_one_LB(strbeg,
+                                     &temp_pos,
+                                     utf8_target) == LB_Regional_Indicator)
+                {
+                    RI_count++;
+                }
+
+                return RI_count % 2 == 0;
+            }
+
+        default:
+            break;
+    }
+
+#ifdef DEBUGGING
+    Perl_re_printf( aTHX_  "Unhandled LB pair: LB_table[%d, %d] = %d\n",
+                                  before, after, LB_table[before][after]);
+    assert(0);
+#endif
+    return TRUE;
+}
+
+STATIC LB_enum
+S_advance_one_LB(pTHX_ U8 ** curpos, const U8 * const strend, const bool utf8_target)
+{
+    LB_enum lb;
+
+    PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_ADVANCE_ONE_LB;
+
+    if (*curpos >= strend) {
+        return LB_EDGE;
+    }
+
+    if (utf8_target) {
+        *curpos += UTF8SKIP(*curpos);
+        if (*curpos >= strend) {
+            return LB_EDGE;
+        }
+        lb = getLB_VAL_UTF8(*curpos, strend);
+    }
+    else {
+        (*curpos)++;
+        if (*curpos >= strend) {
+            return LB_EDGE;
+        }
+        lb = getLB_VAL_CP(**curpos);
+    }
+
+    return lb;
+}
+
+STATIC LB_enum
+S_backup_one_LB(pTHX_ const U8 * const strbeg, U8 ** curpos, const bool utf8_target)
+{
+    LB_enum lb;
+
+    PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_BACKUP_ONE_LB;
+
+    if (*curpos < strbeg) {
+        return LB_EDGE;
+    }
+
+    if (utf8_target) {
+        U8 * prev_char_pos = reghopmaybe3(*curpos, -1, strbeg);
+        U8 * prev_prev_char_pos;
+
+        if (! prev_char_pos) {
+            return LB_EDGE;
+        }
+
+        if ((prev_prev_char_pos = reghopmaybe3((U8 *) prev_char_pos, -1, strbeg))) {
+            lb = getLB_VAL_UTF8(prev_prev_char_pos, prev_char_pos);
+            *curpos = prev_char_pos;
+            prev_char_pos = prev_prev_char_pos;
+        }
+        else {
+            *curpos = (U8 *) strbeg;
+            return LB_EDGE;
+        }
+    }
+    else {
+        if (*curpos - 2 < strbeg) {
+            *curpos = (U8 *) strbeg;
+            return LB_EDGE;
+        }
+        (*curpos)--;
+        lb = getLB_VAL_CP(*(*curpos - 1));
+    }
+
+    return lb;
+}
+
+STATIC bool
+S_isSB(pTHX_ SB_enum before,
+             SB_enum after,
+             const U8 * const strbeg,
+             const U8 * const curpos,
+             const U8 * const strend,
+             const bool utf8_target)
+{
+    /* returns a boolean indicating if there is a Sentence Boundary Break
+     * between the inputs.  See http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr29/ */
+
+    U8 * lpos = (U8 *) curpos;
+    bool has_para_sep = FALSE;
+    bool has_sp = FALSE;
+
+    PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_ISSB;
+
+    /* Break at the start and end of text.
+        SB1.  sot  Ã·
+        SB2.  Ã·  eot
+      But unstated in Unicode is don't break if the text is empty */
+    if (before == SB_EDGE || after == SB_EDGE) {
+        return before != after;
+    }
+
+    /* SB 3: Do not break within CRLF. */
+    if (before == SB_CR && after == SB_LF) {
+        return FALSE;
+    }
+
+    /* Break after paragraph separators.  CR and LF are considered
+     * so because Unicode views text as like word processing text where there
+     * are no newlines except between paragraphs, and the word processor takes
+     * care of wrapping without there being hard line-breaks in the text *./
+       SB4.  Sep | CR | LF  Ã· */
+    if (before == SB_Sep || before == SB_CR || before == SB_LF) {
+        return TRUE;
+    }
+
+    /* Ignore Format and Extend characters, except after sot, Sep, CR, or LF.
+     * (See Section 6.2, Replacing Ignore Rules.)
+        SB5.  X (Extend | Format)*  â†’  X */
+    if (after == SB_Extend || after == SB_Format) {
+
+        /* Implied is that the these characters attach to everything
+         * immediately prior to them except for those separator-type
+         * characters.  And the rules earlier have already handled the case
+         * when one of those immediately precedes the extend char */
+        return FALSE;
+    }
+
+    if (before == SB_Extend || before == SB_Format) {
+        U8 * temp_pos = lpos;
+        const SB_enum backup = backup_one_SB(strbeg, &temp_pos, utf8_target);
+        if (   backup != SB_EDGE
+            && backup != SB_Sep
+            && backup != SB_CR
+            && backup != SB_LF)
+        {
+            before = backup;
+            lpos = temp_pos;
+        }
+
+        /* Here, both 'before' and 'backup' are these types; implied is that we
+         * don't break between them */
+        if (backup == SB_Extend || backup == SB_Format) {
+            return FALSE;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* Do not break after ambiguous terminators like period, if they are
+     * immediately followed by a number or lowercase letter, if they are
+     * between uppercase letters, if the first following letter (optionally
+     * after certain punctuation) is lowercase, or if they are followed by
+     * "continuation" punctuation such as comma, colon, or semicolon. For
+     * example, a period may be an abbreviation or numeric period, and thus may
+     * not mark the end of a sentence.
+
+     * SB6. ATerm  Ã—  Numeric */
+    if (before == SB_ATerm && after == SB_Numeric) {
+        return FALSE;
+    }
+
+    /* SB7.  (Upper | Lower) ATerm  Ã—  Upper */
+    if (before == SB_ATerm && after == SB_Upper) {
+        U8 * temp_pos = lpos;
+        SB_enum backup = backup_one_SB(strbeg, &temp_pos, utf8_target);
+        if (backup == SB_Upper || backup == SB_Lower) {
+            return FALSE;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* The remaining rules that aren't the final one, all require an STerm or
+     * an ATerm after having backed up over some Close* Sp*, and in one case an
+     * optional Paragraph separator, although one rule doesn't have any Sp's in it.
+     * So do that backup now, setting flags if either Sp or a paragraph
+     * separator are found */
+
+    if (before == SB_Sep || before == SB_CR || before == SB_LF) {
+        has_para_sep = TRUE;
+        before = backup_one_SB(strbeg, &lpos, utf8_target);
+    }
+
+    if (before == SB_Sp) {
+        has_sp = TRUE;
+        do {
+            before = backup_one_SB(strbeg, &lpos, utf8_target);
+        }
+        while (before == SB_Sp);
+    }
+
+    while (before == SB_Close) {
+        before = backup_one_SB(strbeg, &lpos, utf8_target);
+    }
+
+    /* The next few rules apply only when the backed-up-to is an ATerm, and in
+     * most cases an STerm */
+    if (before == SB_STerm || before == SB_ATerm) {
+
+        /* So, here the lhs matches
+         *      (STerm | ATerm) Close* Sp* (Sep | CR | LF)?
+         * and we have set flags if we found an Sp, or the optional Sep,CR,LF.
+         * The rules that apply here are:
+         *
+         * SB8    ATerm Close* Sp*  Ã—  ( Â¬(OLetter | Upper | Lower | Sep | CR
+                                           | LF | STerm | ATerm) )* Lower
+           SB8a  (STerm | ATerm) Close* Sp*  Ã—  (SContinue | STerm | ATerm)
+           SB9   (STerm | ATerm) Close*  Ã—  (Close | Sp | Sep | CR | LF)
+           SB10  (STerm | ATerm) Close* Sp*  Ã—  (Sp | Sep | CR | LF)
+           SB11  (STerm | ATerm) Close* Sp* (Sep | CR | LF)?  Ã·
+         */
+
+        /* And all but SB11 forbid having seen a paragraph separator */
+        if (! has_para_sep) {
+            if (before == SB_ATerm) {          /* SB8 */
+                U8 * rpos = (U8 *) curpos;
+                SB_enum later = after;
+
+                while (    later != SB_OLetter
+                        && later != SB_Upper
+                        && later != SB_Lower
+                        && later != SB_Sep
+                        && later != SB_CR
+                        && later != SB_LF
+                        && later != SB_STerm
+                        && later != SB_ATerm
+                        && later != SB_EDGE)
+                {
+                    later = advance_one_SB(&rpos, strend, utf8_target);
+                }
+                if (later == SB_Lower) {
+                    return FALSE;
+                }
+            }
+
+            if (   after == SB_SContinue    /* SB8a */
+                || after == SB_STerm
+                || after == SB_ATerm)
+            {
+                return FALSE;
+            }
+
+            if (! has_sp) {     /* SB9 applies only if there was no Sp* */
+                if (   after == SB_Close
+                    || after == SB_Sp
+                    || after == SB_Sep
+                    || after == SB_CR
+                    || after == SB_LF)
+                {
+                    return FALSE;
+                }
+            }
+
+            /* SB10.  This and SB9 could probably be combined some way, but khw
+             * has decided to follow the Unicode rule book precisely for
+             * simplified maintenance */
+            if (   after == SB_Sp
+                || after == SB_Sep
+                || after == SB_CR
+                || after == SB_LF)
+            {
+                return FALSE;
+            }
+        }
+
+        /* SB11.  */
+        return TRUE;
+    }
+
+    /* Otherwise, do not break.
+    SB12.  Any  Ã—  Any */
+
+    return FALSE;
+}
+
+STATIC SB_enum
+S_advance_one_SB(pTHX_ U8 ** curpos, const U8 * const strend, const bool utf8_target)
+{
+    SB_enum sb;
+
+    PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_ADVANCE_ONE_SB;
+
+    if (*curpos >= strend) {
+        return SB_EDGE;
+    }
+
+    if (utf8_target) {
+        do {
+            *curpos += UTF8SKIP(*curpos);
+            if (*curpos >= strend) {
+                return SB_EDGE;
+            }
+            sb = getSB_VAL_UTF8(*curpos, strend);
+        } while (sb == SB_Extend || sb == SB_Format);
+    }
+    else {
+        do {
+            (*curpos)++;
+            if (*curpos >= strend) {
+                return SB_EDGE;
+            }
+            sb = getSB_VAL_CP(**curpos);
+        } while (sb == SB_Extend || sb == SB_Format);
+    }
+
+    return sb;
+}
+
+STATIC SB_enum
+S_backup_one_SB(pTHX_ const U8 * const strbeg, U8 ** curpos, const bool utf8_target)
+{
+    SB_enum sb;
+
+    PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_BACKUP_ONE_SB;
+
+    if (*curpos < strbeg) {
+        return SB_EDGE;
+    }
+
+    if (utf8_target) {
+        U8 * prev_char_pos = reghopmaybe3(*curpos, -1, strbeg);
+        if (! prev_char_pos) {
+            return SB_EDGE;
+        }
+
+        /* Back up over Extend and Format.  curpos is always just to the right
+         * of the characater whose value we are getting */
+        do {
+            U8 * prev_prev_char_pos;
+            if ((prev_prev_char_pos = reghopmaybe3((U8 *) prev_char_pos, -1,
+                                                                      strbeg)))
+            {
+                sb = getSB_VAL_UTF8(prev_prev_char_pos, prev_char_pos);
+                *curpos = prev_char_pos;
+                prev_char_pos = prev_prev_char_pos;
+            }
+            else {
+                *curpos = (U8 *) strbeg;
+                return SB_EDGE;
+            }
+        } while (sb == SB_Extend || sb == SB_Format);
+    }
+    else {
+        do {
+            if (*curpos - 2 < strbeg) {
+                *curpos = (U8 *) strbeg;
+                return SB_EDGE;
+            }
+            (*curpos)--;
+            sb = getSB_VAL_CP(*(*curpos - 1));
+        } while (sb == SB_Extend || sb == SB_Format);
+    }
+
+    return sb;
+}
+
+STATIC bool
+S_isWB(pTHX_ WB_enum previous,
+             WB_enum before,
+             WB_enum after,
+             const U8 * const strbeg,
+             const U8 * const curpos,
+             const U8 * const strend,
+             const bool utf8_target)
+{
+    /*  Return a boolean as to if the boundary between 'before' and 'after' is
+     *  a Unicode word break, using their published algorithm, but tailored for
+     *  Perl by treating spans of white space as one unit.  Context may be
+     *  needed to make this determination.  If the value for the character
+     *  before 'before' is known, it is passed as 'previous'; otherwise that
+     *  should be set to WB_UNKNOWN.  The other input parameters give the
+     *  boundaries and current position in the matching of the string.  That
+     *  is, 'curpos' marks the position where the character whose wb value is
+     *  'after' begins.  See http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr29/ */
+
+    U8 * before_pos = (U8 *) curpos;
+    U8 * after_pos = (U8 *) curpos;
+    WB_enum prev = before;
+    WB_enum next;
+
+    PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_ISWB;
+
+    /* Rule numbers in the comments below are as of Unicode 9.0 */
+
+  redo:
+    before = prev;
+    switch (WB_table[before][after]) {
+        case WB_BREAKABLE:
+            return TRUE;
+
+        case WB_NOBREAK:
+            return FALSE;
+
+        case WB_hs_then_hs:     /* 2 horizontal spaces in a row */
+            next = advance_one_WB(&after_pos, strend, utf8_target,
+                                 FALSE /* Don't skip Extend nor Format */ );
+            /* A space immediately preceeding an Extend or Format is attached
+             * to by them, and hence gets separated from previous spaces.
+             * Otherwise don't break between horizontal white space */
+            return next == WB_Extend || next == WB_Format;
+
+        /* WB4 Ignore Format and Extend characters, except when they appear at
+         * the beginning of a region of text.  This code currently isn't
+         * general purpose, but it works as the rules are currently and likely
+         * to be laid out.  The reason it works is that when 'they appear at
+         * the beginning of a region of text', the rule is to break before
+         * them, just like any other character.  Therefore, the default rule
+         * applies and we don't have to look in more depth.  Should this ever
+         * change, we would have to have 2 'case' statements, like in the rules
+         * below, and backup a single character (not spacing over the extend
+         * ones) and then see if that is one of the region-end characters and
+         * go from there */
+        case WB_Ex_or_FO_or_ZWJ_then_foo:
+            prev = backup_one_WB(&previous, strbeg, &before_pos, utf8_target);
+            goto redo;
+
+        case WB_DQ_then_HL + WB_BREAKABLE:
+        case WB_DQ_then_HL + WB_NOBREAK:
+
+            /* WB7c  Hebrew_Letter Double_Quote  Ã—  Hebrew_Letter */
+
+            if (backup_one_WB(&previous, strbeg, &before_pos, utf8_target)
+                                                            == WB_Hebrew_Letter)
+            {
+                return FALSE;
+            }
+
+             return WB_table[before][after] - WB_DQ_then_HL == WB_BREAKABLE;
+
+        case WB_HL_then_DQ + WB_BREAKABLE:
+        case WB_HL_then_DQ + WB_NOBREAK:
+
+            /* WB7b  Hebrew_Letter  Ã—  Double_Quote Hebrew_Letter */
+
+            if (advance_one_WB(&after_pos, strend, utf8_target,
+                                       TRUE /* Do skip Extend and Format */ )
+                                                            == WB_Hebrew_Letter)
+            {
+                return FALSE;
+            }
+
+            return WB_table[before][after] - WB_HL_then_DQ == WB_BREAKABLE;
+
+        case WB_LE_or_HL_then_MB_or_ML_or_SQ + WB_NOBREAK:
+        case WB_LE_or_HL_then_MB_or_ML_or_SQ + WB_BREAKABLE:
+
+            /* WB6  (ALetter | Hebrew_Letter)  Ã—  (MidLetter | MidNumLet
+             *       | Single_Quote) (ALetter | Hebrew_Letter) */
+
+            next = advance_one_WB(&after_pos, strend, utf8_target,
+                                       TRUE /* Do skip Extend and Format */ );
+
+            if (next == WB_ALetter || next == WB_Hebrew_Letter)
+            {
+                return FALSE;
+            }
+
+            return WB_table[before][after]
+                            - WB_LE_or_HL_then_MB_or_ML_or_SQ == WB_BREAKABLE;
+
+        case WB_MB_or_ML_or_SQ_then_LE_or_HL + WB_NOBREAK:
+        case WB_MB_or_ML_or_SQ_then_LE_or_HL + WB_BREAKABLE:
+
+            /* WB7  (ALetter | Hebrew_Letter) (MidLetter | MidNumLet
+             *       | Single_Quote)  Ã—  (ALetter | Hebrew_Letter) */
+
+            prev = backup_one_WB(&previous, strbeg, &before_pos, utf8_target);
+            if (prev == WB_ALetter || prev == WB_Hebrew_Letter)
+            {
+                return FALSE;
+            }
+
+            return WB_table[before][after]
+                            - WB_MB_or_ML_or_SQ_then_LE_or_HL == WB_BREAKABLE;
+
+        case WB_MB_or_MN_or_SQ_then_NU + WB_NOBREAK:
+        case WB_MB_or_MN_or_SQ_then_NU + WB_BREAKABLE:
+
+            /* WB11  Numeric (MidNum | (MidNumLet | Single_Quote))  Ã—  Numeric
+             * */
+
+            if (backup_one_WB(&previous, strbeg, &before_pos, utf8_target)
+                                                            == WB_Numeric)
+            {
+                return FALSE;
+            }
+
+            return WB_table[before][after]
+                                - WB_MB_or_MN_or_SQ_then_NU == WB_BREAKABLE;
+
+        case WB_NU_then_MB_or_MN_or_SQ + WB_NOBREAK:
+        case WB_NU_then_MB_or_MN_or_SQ + WB_BREAKABLE:
+
+            /* WB12  Numeric  Ã—  (MidNum | MidNumLet | Single_Quote) Numeric */
+
+            if (advance_one_WB(&after_pos, strend, utf8_target,
+                                       TRUE /* Do skip Extend and Format */ )
+                                                            == WB_Numeric)
+            {
+                return FALSE;
+            }
+
+            return WB_table[before][after]
+                                - WB_NU_then_MB_or_MN_or_SQ == WB_BREAKABLE;
+
+        case WB_RI_then_RI + WB_NOBREAK:
+        case WB_RI_then_RI + WB_BREAKABLE:
+            {
+                int RI_count = 1;
+
+                /* Do not break within emoji flag sequences. That is, do not
+                 * break between regional indicator (RI) symbols if there is an
+                 * odd number of RI characters before the potential break
+                 * point.
+                 *
+                 * WB15     ^ (RI RI)* RI Ã— RI
+                 * WB16 [^RI] (RI RI)* RI Ã— RI */
+
+                while (backup_one_WB(&previous,
+                                     strbeg,
+                                     &before_pos,
+                                     utf8_target) == WB_Regional_Indicator)
+                {
+                    RI_count++;
+                }
+
+                return RI_count % 2 != 1;
+            }
+
+        default:
+            break;
+    }
+
+#ifdef DEBUGGING
+    Perl_re_printf( aTHX_  "Unhandled WB pair: WB_table[%d, %d] = %d\n",
+                                  before, after, WB_table[before][after]);
+    assert(0);
+#endif
+    return TRUE;
+}
+
+STATIC WB_enum
+S_advance_one_WB(pTHX_ U8 ** curpos,
+                       const U8 * const strend,
+                       const bool utf8_target,
+                       const bool skip_Extend_Format)
+{
+    WB_enum wb;
+
+    PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_ADVANCE_ONE_WB;
+
+    if (*curpos >= strend) {
+        return WB_EDGE;
+    }
+
+    if (utf8_target) {
+
+        /* Advance over Extend and Format */
+        do {
+            *curpos += UTF8SKIP(*curpos);
+            if (*curpos >= strend) {
+                return WB_EDGE;
+            }
+            wb = getWB_VAL_UTF8(*curpos, strend);
+        } while (    skip_Extend_Format
+                 && (wb == WB_Extend || wb == WB_Format));
+    }
+    else {
+        do {
+            (*curpos)++;
+            if (*curpos >= strend) {
+                return WB_EDGE;
+            }
+            wb = getWB_VAL_CP(**curpos);
+        } while (    skip_Extend_Format
+                 && (wb == WB_Extend || wb == WB_Format));
+    }
+
+    return wb;
+}
+
+STATIC WB_enum
+S_backup_one_WB(pTHX_ WB_enum * previous, const U8 * const strbeg, U8 ** curpos, const bool utf8_target)
+{
+    WB_enum wb;
+
+    PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_BACKUP_ONE_WB;
+
+    /* If we know what the previous character's break value is, don't have
+        * to look it up */
+    if (*previous != WB_UNKNOWN) {
+        wb = *previous;
+
+        /* But we need to move backwards by one */
+        if (utf8_target) {
+            *curpos = reghopmaybe3(*curpos, -1, strbeg);
+            if (! *curpos) {
+                *previous = WB_EDGE;
+                *curpos = (U8 *) strbeg;
+            }
+            else {
+                *previous = WB_UNKNOWN;
+            }
+        }
+        else {
+            (*curpos)--;
+            *previous = (*curpos <= strbeg) ? WB_EDGE : WB_UNKNOWN;
+        }
+
+        /* And we always back up over these three types */
+        if (wb != WB_Extend && wb != WB_Format && wb != WB_ZWJ) {
+            return wb;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (*curpos < strbeg) {
+        return WB_EDGE;
+    }
+
+    if (utf8_target) {
+        U8 * prev_char_pos = reghopmaybe3(*curpos, -1, strbeg);
+        if (! prev_char_pos) {
+            return WB_EDGE;
+        }
+
+        /* Back up over Extend and Format.  curpos is always just to the right
+         * of the characater whose value we are getting */
+        do {
+            U8 * prev_prev_char_pos;
+            if ((prev_prev_char_pos = reghopmaybe3((U8 *) prev_char_pos,
+                                                   -1,
+                                                   strbeg)))
+            {
+                wb = getWB_VAL_UTF8(prev_prev_char_pos, prev_char_pos);
+                *curpos = prev_char_pos;
+                prev_char_pos = prev_prev_char_pos;
+            }
+            else {
+                *curpos = (U8 *) strbeg;
+                return WB_EDGE;
+            }
+        } while (wb == WB_Extend || wb == WB_Format || wb == WB_ZWJ);
+    }
+    else {
+        do {
+            if (*curpos - 2 < strbeg) {
+                *curpos = (U8 *) strbeg;
+                return WB_EDGE;
+            }
+            (*curpos)--;
+            wb = getWB_VAL_CP(*(*curpos - 1));
+        } while (wb == WB_Extend || wb == WB_Format);
+    }
+
+    return wb;
+}
+
+#define EVAL_CLOSE_PAREN_IS(st,expr)                        \
+(                                                           \
+    (   ( st )                                         ) && \
+    (   ( st )->u.eval.close_paren                     ) && \
+    ( ( ( st )->u.eval.close_paren ) == ( (expr) + 1 ) )    \
+)
+
+#define EVAL_CLOSE_PAREN_IS_TRUE(st,expr)                   \
+(                                                           \
+    (   ( st )                                         ) && \
+    (   ( st )->u.eval.close_paren                     ) && \
+    (   ( expr )                                       ) && \
+    ( ( ( st )->u.eval.close_paren ) == ( (expr) + 1 ) )    \
+)
+
+
+#define EVAL_CLOSE_PAREN_SET(st,expr) \
+    (st)->u.eval.close_paren = ( (expr) + 1 )
+
+#define EVAL_CLOSE_PAREN_CLEAR(st) \
+    (st)->u.eval.close_paren = 0
+
 /* returns -1 on failure, $+[0] on success */
 STATIC SSize_t
 S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
 {
+
 #if PERL_VERSION < 9 && !defined(PERL_CORE)
     dMY_CXT;
 #endif
@@ -3870,7 +5327,7 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
     SSize_t ln = 0; /* len or last;  init to avoid compiler warning */
     char *locinput = startpos;
     char *pushinput; /* where to continue after a PUSH */
-    I32 nextchr;   /* is always set to UCHARAT(locinput) */
+    I32 nextchr;   /* is always set to UCHARAT(locinput), or -1 at EOS */
 
     bool result = 0;       /* return value of S_regmatch */
     int depth = 0;         /* depth of backtrack stack */
@@ -3912,7 +5369,7 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
                            */
     PAD* last_pad = NULL;
     dMULTICALL;
-    I32 gimme = G_SCALAR;
+    U8 gimme = G_SCALAR;
     CV *caller_cv = NULL;      /* who called us */
     CV *last_pushed_cv = NULL; /* most recently called (?{}) CV */
     CHECKPOINT runops_cp;      /* savestack position before executing EVAL */
@@ -3920,6 +5377,14 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
     int to_complement;  /* Invert the result? */
     _char_class_number classnum;
     bool is_utf8_pat = reginfo->is_utf8_pat;
+    bool match = FALSE;
+
+/* Solaris Studio 12.3 messes up fetching PL_charclass['\n'] */
+#if (defined(__SUNPRO_C) && (__SUNPRO_C == 0x5120) && defined(__x86_64) && defined(USE_64_BIT_ALL))
+#  define SOLARIS_BAD_OPTIMIZER
+    const U32 *pl_charclass_dup = PL_charclass;
+#  define PL_charclass pl_charclass_dup
+#endif
 
 #ifdef DEBUGGING
     GET_RE_DEBUG_FLAGS_DECL;
@@ -3930,16 +5395,12 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
 
     /* shut up 'may be used uninitialized' compiler warnings for dMULTICALL */
     multicall_oldcatch = 0;
-    multicall_cv = NULL;
-    cx = NULL;
     PERL_UNUSED_VAR(multicall_cop);
-    PERL_UNUSED_VAR(newsp);
-
 
     PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_REGMATCH;
 
     DEBUG_OPTIMISE_r( DEBUG_EXECUTE_r({
-           PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,"regmatch start\n");
+            Perl_re_printf( aTHX_ "regmatch start\n");
     }));
 
     st = PL_regmatch_state;
@@ -3949,19 +5410,6 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
     scan = prog;
     while (scan != NULL) {
 
-        DEBUG_EXECUTE_r( {
-           SV * const prop = sv_newmortal();
-           regnode *rnext=regnext(scan);
-           DUMP_EXEC_POS( locinput, scan, utf8_target );
-            regprop(rex, prop, scan, reginfo);
-            
-           PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
-                   "%3"IVdf":%*s%s(%"IVdf")\n",
-                   (IV)(scan - rexi->program), depth*2, "",
-                   SvPVX_const(prop),
-                   (PL_regkind[OP(scan)] == END || !rnext) ? 
-                       0 : (IV)(rnext - rexi->program));
-       });
 
        next = scan + NEXT_OFF(scan);
        if (next == scan)
@@ -3969,14 +5417,30 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
        state_num = OP(scan);
 
       reenter_switch:
+        DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(
+            if (state_num <= REGNODE_MAX) {
+                SV * const prop = sv_newmortal();
+                regnode *rnext = regnext(scan);
+
+                DUMP_EXEC_POS( locinput, scan, utf8_target, depth );
+                regprop(rex, prop, scan, reginfo, NULL);
+                Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
+                    "%*s%"IVdf":%s(%"IVdf")\n",
+                    INDENT_CHARS(depth), "",
+                    (IV)(scan - rexi->program),
+                    SvPVX_const(prop),
+                    (PL_regkind[OP(scan)] == END || !rnext) ?
+                        0 : (IV)(rnext - rexi->program));
+            }
+        );
+
         to_complement = 0;
 
         SET_nextchr;
         assert(nextchr < 256 && (nextchr >= 0 || nextchr == NEXTCHR_EOS));
 
        switch (state_num) {
-       case BOL:  /*  /^../   */
-       case SBOL: /*  /^../s  */
+       case SBOL: /*  /^../ and /\A../  */
            if (locinput == reginfo->strbeg)
                break;
            sayNO;
@@ -3999,21 +5463,20 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
            st->u.keeper.val = rex->offs[0].start;
            rex->offs[0].start = locinput - reginfo->strbeg;
            PUSH_STATE_GOTO(KEEPS_next, next, locinput);
-           assert(0); /*NOTREACHED*/
+           NOT_REACHED; /* NOTREACHED */
+
        case KEEPS_next_fail:
            /* rollback the start point change */
            rex->offs[0].start = st->u.keeper.val;
            sayNO_SILENT;
-           assert(0); /*NOTREACHED*/
+           NOT_REACHED; /* NOTREACHED */
 
        case MEOL: /* /..$/m  */
            if (!NEXTCHR_IS_EOS && nextchr != '\n')
                sayNO;
            break;
 
-       case EOL: /* /..$/  */
-            /* FALLTHROUGH */
-       case SEOL: /* /..$/s  */
+       case SEOL: /* /..$/  */
            if (!NEXTCHR_IS_EOS && nextchr != '\n')
                sayNO;
            if (reginfo->strend - locinput > 1)
@@ -4030,12 +5493,6 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
                sayNO;
             goto increment_locinput;
 
-       case CANY: /*  \C  */
-           if (NEXTCHR_IS_EOS)
-               sayNO;
-           locinput++;
-           break;
-
        case REG_ANY: /*  /./  */
            if ((NEXTCHR_IS_EOS) || nextchr == '\n')
                sayNO;
@@ -4050,12 +5507,11 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
              */
             if(!NEXTCHR_IS_EOS && !ANYOF_BITMAP_TEST(scan, nextchr)) {
                 DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(
-                    PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
-                              "%*s  %sfailed to match trie start class...%s\n",
-                              REPORT_CODE_OFF+depth*2, "", PL_colors[4], PL_colors[5])
+                    Perl_re_exec_indentf( aTHX_  "%sfailed to match trie start class...%s\n",
+                              depth, PL_colors[4], PL_colors[5])
                 );
                 sayNO_SILENT;
-                assert(0); /* NOTREACHED */
+                NOT_REACHED; /* NOTREACHED */
             }
             /* FALLTHROUGH */
        case TRIE:  /* (ab|cd)  */
@@ -4113,22 +5569,33 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
                HV * widecharmap = MUTABLE_HV(rexi->data->data[ ARG( scan ) + 1 ]);
                 U32 state = trie->startstate;
 
+                if (scan->flags == EXACTL || scan->flags == EXACTFLU8) {
+                    _CHECK_AND_WARN_PROBLEMATIC_LOCALE;
+                    if (utf8_target
+                        && UTF8_IS_ABOVE_LATIN1(nextchr)
+                        && scan->flags == EXACTL)
+                    {
+                        /* We only output for EXACTL, as we let the folder
+                         * output this message for EXACTFLU8 to avoid
+                         * duplication */
+                        _CHECK_AND_OUTPUT_WIDE_LOCALE_UTF8_MSG(locinput,
+                                                               reginfo->strend);
+                    }
+                }
                 if (   trie->bitmap
                     && (NEXTCHR_IS_EOS || !TRIE_BITMAP_TEST(trie, nextchr)))
                 {
                    if (trie->states[ state ].wordnum) {
                         DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(
-                            PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
-                                         "%*s  %smatched empty string...%s\n",
-                                         REPORT_CODE_OFF+depth*2, "", PL_colors[4], PL_colors[5])
+                            Perl_re_exec_indentf( aTHX_  "%smatched empty string...%s\n",
+                                          depth, PL_colors[4], PL_colors[5])
                         );
                        if (!trie->jump)
                            break;
                    } else {
                        DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(
-                            PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
-                                         "%*s  %sfailed to match trie start class...%s\n",
-                                         REPORT_CODE_OFF+depth*2, "", PL_colors[4], PL_colors[5])
+                            Perl_re_exec_indentf( aTHX_  "%sfailed to match trie start class...%s\n",
+                                          depth, PL_colors[4], PL_colors[5])
                         );
                        sayNO_SILENT;
                   }
@@ -4180,10 +5647,10 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
                    }
 
                    DEBUG_TRIE_EXECUTE_r({
-                               DUMP_EXEC_POS( (char *)uc, scan, utf8_target );
-                               PerlIO_printf( Perl_debug_log,
-                                   "%*s  %sState: %4"UVxf" Accepted: %c ",
-                                   2+depth * 2, "", PL_colors[4],
+                                DUMP_EXEC_POS( (char *)uc, scan, utf8_target, depth );
+                                Perl_re_exec_indentf( aTHX_
+                                    "%sState: %4"UVxf" Accepted: %c ",
+                                    depth, PL_colors[4],
                                    (UV)state, (accepted ? 'Y' : 'N'));
                    });
 
@@ -4215,7 +5682,7 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
                        state = 0;
                    }
                    DEBUG_TRIE_EXECUTE_r(
-                       PerlIO_printf( Perl_debug_log,
+                        Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                            "Charid:%3x CP:%4"UVxf" After State: %4"UVxf"%s\n",
                            charid, uvc, (UV)state, PL_colors[5] );
                    );
@@ -4235,14 +5702,13 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
                }
 
                DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(
-                   PerlIO_printf( Perl_debug_log,
-                       "%*s  %sgot %"IVdf" possible matches%s\n",
-                       REPORT_CODE_OFF + depth * 2, "",
+                    Perl_re_exec_indentf( aTHX_  "%sgot %"IVdf" possible matches%s\n",
+                        depth,
                        PL_colors[4], (IV)ST.accepted, PL_colors[5] );
                );
                goto trie_first_try; /* jump into the fail handler */
            }}
-           assert(0); /* NOTREACHED */
+           NOT_REACHED; /* NOTREACHED */
 
        case TRIE_next_fail: /* we failed - try next alternative */
         {
@@ -4253,9 +5719,8 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
            }
            if (!--ST.accepted) {
                DEBUG_EXECUTE_r({
-                   PerlIO_printf( Perl_debug_log,
-                       "%*s  %sTRIE failed...%s\n",
-                       REPORT_CODE_OFF+depth*2, "", 
+                    Perl_re_exec_indentf( aTHX_  "%sTRIE failed...%s\n",
+                        depth,
                        PL_colors[4],
                        PL_colors[5] );
                });
@@ -4345,9 +5810,8 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
                            : NEXT_OFF(ST.me));
 
            DEBUG_EXECUTE_r({
-               PerlIO_printf( Perl_debug_log,
-                   "%*s  %sTRIE matched word #%d, continuing%s\n",
-                   REPORT_CODE_OFF+depth*2, "", 
+                Perl_re_exec_indentf( aTHX_  "%sTRIE matched word #%d, continuing%s\n",
+                    depth,
                    PL_colors[4],
                    ST.nextword,
                    PL_colors[5]
@@ -4356,19 +5820,18 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
 
            if (ST.accepted > 1 || has_cutgroup) {
                PUSH_STATE_GOTO(TRIE_next, scan, (char*)uc);
-               assert(0); /* NOTREACHED */
+               NOT_REACHED; /* NOTREACHED */
            }
            /* only one choice left - just continue */
            DEBUG_EXECUTE_r({
                AV *const trie_words
                    = MUTABLE_AV(rexi->data->data[ARG(ST.me)+TRIE_WORDS_OFFSET]);
-               SV ** const tmp = av_fetch( trie_words,
-                   ST.nextword-1, 0 );
+               SV ** const tmp = trie_words
+                        ? av_fetch(trie_words, ST.nextword - 1, 0) : NULL;
                SV *sv= tmp ? sv_newmortal() : NULL;
 
-               PerlIO_printf( Perl_debug_log,
-                   "%*s  %sonly one match left, short-circuiting: #%d <%s>%s\n",
-                   REPORT_CODE_OFF+depth*2, "", PL_colors[4],
+                Perl_re_exec_indentf( aTHX_  "%sonly one match left, short-circuiting: #%d <%s>%s\n",
+                    depth, PL_colors[4],
                    ST.nextword,
                    tmp ? pv_pretty(sv, SvPV_nolen_const(*tmp), SvCUR(*tmp), 0,
                            PL_colors[0], PL_colors[1],
@@ -4380,10 +5843,23 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
 
            locinput = (char*)uc;
            continue; /* execute rest of RE */
-           assert(0); /* NOTREACHED */
+            /* NOTREACHED */
         }
 #undef  ST
 
+       case EXACTL:             /*  /abc/l       */
+            _CHECK_AND_WARN_PROBLEMATIC_LOCALE;
+
+            /* Complete checking would involve going through every character
+             * matched by the string to see if any is above latin1.  But the
+             * comparision otherwise might very well be a fast assembly
+             * language routine, and I (khw) don't think slowing things down
+             * just to check for this warning is worth it.  So this just checks
+             * the first character */
+            if (utf8_target && UTF8_IS_ABOVE_LATIN1(*locinput)) {
+                _CHECK_AND_OUTPUT_WIDE_LOCALE_UTF8_MSG(locinput, reginfo->strend);
+            }
+            /* FALLTHROUGH */
        case EXACT: {            /*  /abc/        */
            char *s = STRING(scan);
            ln = STR_LEN(scan);
@@ -4415,7 +5891,7 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
                             l++;
                         }
                         else {
-                            if (TWO_BYTE_UTF8_TO_NATIVE(*l, *(l+1)) != * (U8*) s)
+                            if (EIGHT_BIT_UTF8_TO_NATIVE(*l, *(l+1)) != * (U8*) s)
                             {
                                 sayNO;
                             }
@@ -4439,7 +5915,7 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
                             s++;
                         }
                         else {
-                            if (TWO_BYTE_UTF8_TO_NATIVE(*s, *(s+1)) != * (U8*) l)
+                            if (EIGHT_BIT_UTF8_TO_NATIVE(*s, *(s+1)) != * (U8*) l)
                             {
                                 sayNO;
                             }
@@ -4470,11 +5946,24 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
            const char * s;
            U32 fold_utf8_flags;
 
+            _CHECK_AND_WARN_PROBLEMATIC_LOCALE;
             folder = foldEQ_locale;
             fold_array = PL_fold_locale;
            fold_utf8_flags = FOLDEQ_LOCALE;
            goto do_exactf;
 
+        case EXACTFLU8:           /*  /abc/il; but all 'abc' are above 255, so
+                                      is effectively /u; hence to match, target
+                                      must be UTF-8. */
+            if (! utf8_target) {
+                sayNO;
+            }
+            fold_utf8_flags =  FOLDEQ_LOCALE | FOLDEQ_S1_ALREADY_FOLDED
+                                             | FOLDEQ_S1_FOLDS_SANE;
+           folder = foldEQ_latin1;
+           fold_array = PL_fold_latin1;
+           goto do_exactf;
+
        case EXACTFU_SS:         /*  /\x{df}/iu   */
        case EXACTFU:            /*  /abc/iu      */
            folder = foldEQ_latin1;
@@ -4529,108 +6018,305 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
            {
                sayNO;
            }
-           if (reginfo->strend - locinput < ln)
-               sayNO;
-           if (ln > 1 && ! folder(s, locinput, ln))
-               sayNO;
-           locinput += ln;
+           if (reginfo->strend - locinput < ln)
+               sayNO;
+           if (ln > 1 && ! folder(s, locinput, ln))
+               sayNO;
+           locinput += ln;
+           break;
+       }
+
+       case NBOUNDL: /*  /\B/l  */
+            to_complement = 1;
+            /* FALLTHROUGH */
+
+       case BOUNDL:  /*  /\b/l  */
+        {
+            bool b1, b2;
+            _CHECK_AND_WARN_PROBLEMATIC_LOCALE;
+
+            if (FLAGS(scan) != TRADITIONAL_BOUND) {
+                if (! IN_UTF8_CTYPE_LOCALE) {
+                    Perl_ck_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_LOCALE),
+                                                B_ON_NON_UTF8_LOCALE_IS_WRONG);
+                }
+                goto boundu;
+            }
+
+           if (utf8_target) {
+               if (locinput == reginfo->strbeg)
+                   b1 = isWORDCHAR_LC('\n');
+               else {
+                    b1 = isWORDCHAR_LC_utf8(reghop3((U8*)locinput, -1,
+                                                        (U8*)(reginfo->strbeg)));
+               }
+                b2 = (NEXTCHR_IS_EOS)
+                    ? isWORDCHAR_LC('\n')
+                    : isWORDCHAR_LC_utf8((U8*)locinput);
+           }
+           else { /* Here the string isn't utf8 */
+               b1 = (locinput == reginfo->strbeg)
+                     ? isWORDCHAR_LC('\n')
+                     : isWORDCHAR_LC(UCHARAT(locinput - 1));
+                b2 = (NEXTCHR_IS_EOS)
+                    ? isWORDCHAR_LC('\n')
+                    : isWORDCHAR_LC(nextchr);
+           }
+            if (to_complement ^ (b1 == b2)) {
+                sayNO;
+            }
            break;
-       }
+        }
+
+       case NBOUND:  /*  /\B/   */
+            to_complement = 1;
+            /* FALLTHROUGH */
 
-       /* XXX Could improve efficiency by separating these all out using a
-        * macro or in-line function.  At that point regcomp.c would no longer
-        * have to set the FLAGS fields of these */
-       case BOUNDL:  /*  /\b/l  */
-       case NBOUNDL: /*  /\B/l  */
        case BOUND:   /*  /\b/   */
-       case BOUNDU:  /*  /\b/u  */
+           if (utf8_target) {
+                goto bound_utf8;
+            }
+            goto bound_ascii_match_only;
+
+       case NBOUNDA: /*  /\B/a  */
+            to_complement = 1;
+            /* FALLTHROUGH */
+
        case BOUNDA:  /*  /\b/a  */
-       case NBOUND:  /*  /\B/   */
+        {
+            bool b1, b2;
+
+          bound_ascii_match_only:
+            /* Here the string isn't utf8, or is utf8 and only ascii characters
+             * are to match \w.  In the latter case looking at the byte just
+             * prior to the current one may be just the final byte of a
+             * multi-byte character.  This is ok.  There are two cases:
+             * 1) it is a single byte character, and then the test is doing
+             *    just what it's supposed to.
+             * 2) it is a multi-byte character, in which case the final byte is
+             *    never mistakable for ASCII, and so the test will say it is
+             *    not a word character, which is the correct answer. */
+            b1 = (locinput == reginfo->strbeg)
+                 ? isWORDCHAR_A('\n')
+                 : isWORDCHAR_A(UCHARAT(locinput - 1));
+            b2 = (NEXTCHR_IS_EOS)
+                ? isWORDCHAR_A('\n')
+                : isWORDCHAR_A(nextchr);
+            if (to_complement ^ (b1 == b2)) {
+                sayNO;
+            }
+           break;
+        }
+
        case NBOUNDU: /*  /\B/u  */
-       case NBOUNDA: /*  /\B/a  */
-           /* was last char in word? */
-           if (utf8_target
-               && FLAGS(scan) != REGEX_ASCII_RESTRICTED_CHARSET
-               && FLAGS(scan) != REGEX_ASCII_MORE_RESTRICTED_CHARSET)
-           {
-               if (locinput == reginfo->strbeg)
-                   ln = '\n';
-               else {
-                   const U8 * const r =
-                            reghop3((U8*)locinput, -1, (U8*)(reginfo->strbeg));
+            to_complement = 1;
+            /* FALLTHROUGH */
 
-                   ln = utf8n_to_uvchr(r, (U8*) reginfo->strend - r,
-                                                                   0, uniflags);
-               }
-               if (FLAGS(scan) != REGEX_LOCALE_CHARSET) {
-                   ln = isWORDCHAR_uni(ln);
-                    if (NEXTCHR_IS_EOS)
-                        n = 0;
-                    else {
-                        LOAD_UTF8_CHARCLASS_ALNUM();
-                        n = swash_fetch(PL_utf8_swash_ptrs[_CC_WORDCHAR], (U8*)locinput,
-                                                                utf8_target);
+       case BOUNDU:  /*  /\b/u  */
+
+          boundu:
+            if (UNLIKELY(reginfo->strbeg >= reginfo->strend)) {
+                match = FALSE;
+            }
+            else if (utf8_target) {
+              bound_utf8:
+                switch((bound_type) FLAGS(scan)) {
+                    case TRADITIONAL_BOUND:
+                    {
+                        bool b1, b2;
+                        b1 = (locinput == reginfo->strbeg)
+                             ? 0 /* isWORDCHAR_L1('\n') */
+                             : isWORDCHAR_utf8(reghop3((U8*)locinput, -1,
+                                                       (U8*)(reginfo->strbeg)));
+                        b2 = (NEXTCHR_IS_EOS)
+                            ? 0 /* isWORDCHAR_L1('\n') */
+                            : isWORDCHAR_utf8((U8*)locinput);
+                        match = cBOOL(b1 != b2);
+                        break;
                     }
-               }
-               else {
-                   ln = isWORDCHAR_LC_uvchr(ln);
-                   n = NEXTCHR_IS_EOS ? 0 : isWORDCHAR_LC_utf8((U8*)locinput);
-               }
+                    case GCB_BOUND:
+                        if (locinput == reginfo->strbeg || NEXTCHR_IS_EOS) {
+                            match = TRUE; /* GCB always matches at begin and
+                                             end */
+                        }
+                        else {
+                            /* Find the gcb values of previous and current
+                             * chars, then see if is a break point */
+                            match = isGCB(getGCB_VAL_UTF8(
+                                                reghop3((U8*)locinput,
+                                                        -1,
+                                                        (U8*)(reginfo->strbeg)),
+                                                (U8*) reginfo->strend),
+                                          getGCB_VAL_UTF8((U8*) locinput,
+                                                        (U8*) reginfo->strend),
+                                          (U8*) reginfo->strbeg,
+                                          (U8*) locinput,
+                                          utf8_target);
+                        }
+                        break;
+
+                    case LB_BOUND:
+                        if (locinput == reginfo->strbeg) {
+                            match = FALSE;
+                        }
+                        else if (NEXTCHR_IS_EOS) {
+                            match = TRUE;
+                        }
+                        else {
+                            match = isLB(getLB_VAL_UTF8(
+                                                reghop3((U8*)locinput,
+                                                        -1,
+                                                        (U8*)(reginfo->strbeg)),
+                                                (U8*) reginfo->strend),
+                                          getLB_VAL_UTF8((U8*) locinput,
+                                                        (U8*) reginfo->strend),
+                                          (U8*) reginfo->strbeg,
+                                          (U8*) locinput,
+                                          (U8*) reginfo->strend,
+                                          utf8_target);
+                        }
+                        break;
+
+                    case SB_BOUND: /* Always matches at begin and end */
+                        if (locinput == reginfo->strbeg || NEXTCHR_IS_EOS) {
+                            match = TRUE;
+                        }
+                        else {
+                            match = isSB(getSB_VAL_UTF8(
+                                                reghop3((U8*)locinput,
+                                                        -1,
+                                                        (U8*)(reginfo->strbeg)),
+                                                (U8*) reginfo->strend),
+                                          getSB_VAL_UTF8((U8*) locinput,
+                                                        (U8*) reginfo->strend),
+                                          (U8*) reginfo->strbeg,
+                                          (U8*) locinput,
+                                          (U8*) reginfo->strend,
+                                          utf8_target);
+                        }
+                        break;
+
+                    case WB_BOUND:
+                        if (locinput == reginfo->strbeg || NEXTCHR_IS_EOS) {
+                            match = TRUE;
+                        }
+                        else {
+                            match = isWB(WB_UNKNOWN,
+                                         getWB_VAL_UTF8(
+                                                reghop3((U8*)locinput,
+                                                        -1,
+                                                        (U8*)(reginfo->strbeg)),
+                                                (U8*) reginfo->strend),
+                                          getWB_VAL_UTF8((U8*) locinput,
+                                                        (U8*) reginfo->strend),
+                                          (U8*) reginfo->strbeg,
+                                          (U8*) locinput,
+                                          (U8*) reginfo->strend,
+                                          utf8_target);
+                        }
+                        break;
+                }
            }
-           else {
+           else {  /* Not utf8 target */
+                switch((bound_type) FLAGS(scan)) {
+                    case TRADITIONAL_BOUND:
+                    {
+                        bool b1, b2;
+                        b1 = (locinput == reginfo->strbeg)
+                            ? 0 /* isWORDCHAR_L1('\n') */
+                            : isWORDCHAR_L1(UCHARAT(locinput - 1));
+                        b2 = (NEXTCHR_IS_EOS)
+                            ? 0 /* isWORDCHAR_L1('\n') */
+                            : isWORDCHAR_L1(nextchr);
+                        match = cBOOL(b1 != b2);
+                        break;
+                    }
 
-               /* Here the string isn't utf8, or is utf8 and only ascii
-                * characters are to match \w.  In the latter case looking at
-                * the byte just prior to the current one may be just the final
-                * byte of a multi-byte character.  This is ok.  There are two
-                * cases:
-                * 1) it is a single byte character, and then the test is doing
-                *      just what it's supposed to.
-                * 2) it is a multi-byte character, in which case the final
-                *      byte is never mistakable for ASCII, and so the test
-                *      will say it is not a word character, which is the
-                *      correct answer. */
-               ln = (locinput != reginfo->strbeg) ?
-                   UCHARAT(locinput - 1) : '\n';
-               switch (FLAGS(scan)) {
-                   case REGEX_UNICODE_CHARSET:
-                       ln = isWORDCHAR_L1(ln);
-                       n = NEXTCHR_IS_EOS ? 0 : isWORDCHAR_L1(nextchr);
-                       break;
-                   case REGEX_LOCALE_CHARSET:
-                       ln = isWORDCHAR_LC(ln);
-                       n = NEXTCHR_IS_EOS ? 0 : isWORDCHAR_LC(nextchr);
-                       break;
-                   case REGEX_DEPENDS_CHARSET:
-                       ln = isWORDCHAR(ln);
-                       n = NEXTCHR_IS_EOS ? 0 : isWORDCHAR(nextchr);
-                       break;
-                   case REGEX_ASCII_RESTRICTED_CHARSET:
-                   case REGEX_ASCII_MORE_RESTRICTED_CHARSET:
-                       ln = isWORDCHAR_A(ln);
-                       n = NEXTCHR_IS_EOS ? 0 : isWORDCHAR_A(nextchr);
-                       break;
-                   default:
-                       Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: Unexpected FLAGS %u in op %u", FLAGS(scan), OP(scan));
-               }
+                    case GCB_BOUND:
+                        if (locinput == reginfo->strbeg || NEXTCHR_IS_EOS) {
+                            match = TRUE; /* GCB always matches at begin and
+                                             end */
+                        }
+                        else {  /* Only CR-LF combo isn't a GCB in 0-255
+                                   range */
+                            match =    UCHARAT(locinput - 1) != '\r'
+                                    || UCHARAT(locinput) != '\n';
+                        }
+                        break;
+
+                    case LB_BOUND:
+                        if (locinput == reginfo->strbeg) {
+                            match = FALSE;
+                        }
+                        else if (NEXTCHR_IS_EOS) {
+                            match = TRUE;
+                        }
+                        else {
+                            match = isLB(getLB_VAL_CP(UCHARAT(locinput -1)),
+                                         getLB_VAL_CP(UCHARAT(locinput)),
+                                         (U8*) reginfo->strbeg,
+                                         (U8*) locinput,
+                                         (U8*) reginfo->strend,
+                                         utf8_target);
+                        }
+                        break;
+
+                    case SB_BOUND: /* Always matches at begin and end */
+                        if (locinput == reginfo->strbeg || NEXTCHR_IS_EOS) {
+                            match = TRUE;
+                        }
+                        else {
+                            match = isSB(getSB_VAL_CP(UCHARAT(locinput -1)),
+                                         getSB_VAL_CP(UCHARAT(locinput)),
+                                         (U8*) reginfo->strbeg,
+                                         (U8*) locinput,
+                                         (U8*) reginfo->strend,
+                                         utf8_target);
+                        }
+                        break;
+
+                    case WB_BOUND:
+                        if (locinput == reginfo->strbeg || NEXTCHR_IS_EOS) {
+                            match = TRUE;
+                        }
+                        else {
+                            match = isWB(WB_UNKNOWN,
+                                         getWB_VAL_CP(UCHARAT(locinput -1)),
+                                         getWB_VAL_CP(UCHARAT(locinput)),
+                                         (U8*) reginfo->strbeg,
+                                         (U8*) locinput,
+                                         (U8*) reginfo->strend,
+                                         utf8_target);
+                        }
+                        break;
+                }
            }
-           /* Note requires that all BOUNDs be lower than all NBOUNDs in
-            * regcomp.sym */
-           if (((!ln) == (!n)) == (OP(scan) < NBOUND))
-                   sayNO;
+
+            if (to_complement ^ ! match) {
+                sayNO;
+            }
            break;
 
-       case ANYOF:  /*  /[abc]/       */
+       case ANYOFL:  /*  /[abc]/l      */
+            _CHECK_AND_WARN_PROBLEMATIC_LOCALE;
+
+            if (ANYOFL_UTF8_LOCALE_REQD(FLAGS(scan)) && ! IN_UTF8_CTYPE_LOCALE)
+            {
+              Perl_ck_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_LOCALE), utf8_locale_required);
+            }
+            /* FALLTHROUGH */
+       case ANYOFD:  /*   /[abc]/d       */
+       case ANYOF:  /*   /[abc]/       */
             if (NEXTCHR_IS_EOS)
                 sayNO;
-           if (utf8_target) {
+           if (utf8_target && ! UTF8_IS_INVARIANT(*locinput)) {
                if (!reginclass(rex, scan, (U8*)locinput, (U8*)reginfo->strend,
                                                                    utf8_target))
                    sayNO;
                locinput += UTF8SKIP(locinput);
            }
            else {
-               if (!REGINCLASS(rex, scan, (U8*)locinput))
+               if (!REGINCLASS(rex, scan, (U8*)locinput, utf8_target))
                    sayNO;
                locinput++;
            }
@@ -4644,6 +6330,7 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
             /* FALLTHROUGH */
 
         case POSIXL:    /* \w or [:punct:] etc. under /l */
+            _CHECK_AND_WARN_PROBLEMATIC_LOCALE;
             if (NEXTCHR_IS_EOS)
                 sayNO;
 
@@ -4654,22 +6341,26 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
                 if (! (to_complement ^ cBOOL(isFOO_lc(FLAGS(scan), (U8) nextchr)))) {
                     sayNO;
                 }
+
+                locinput++;
+                break;
             }
-            else if (UTF8_IS_DOWNGRADEABLE_START(nextchr)) {
-                if (! (to_complement ^ cBOOL(isFOO_lc(FLAGS(scan),
-                                           (U8) TWO_BYTE_UTF8_TO_NATIVE(nextchr,
-                                                            *(locinput + 1))))))
-                {
-                    sayNO;
-                }
+
+            if (! UTF8_IS_DOWNGRADEABLE_START(nextchr)) { /* An above Latin-1 code point */
+                _CHECK_AND_OUTPUT_WIDE_LOCALE_UTF8_MSG(locinput, reginfo->strend);
+                goto utf8_posix_above_latin1;
             }
-            else { /* Here, must be an above Latin-1 code point */
-                goto utf8_posix_not_eos;
+
+            /* Here is a UTF-8 variant code point below 256 and the target is
+             * UTF-8 */
+            if (! (to_complement ^ cBOOL(isFOO_lc(FLAGS(scan),
+                                            EIGHT_BIT_UTF8_TO_NATIVE(nextchr,
+                                            *(locinput + 1))))))
+            {
+                sayNO;
             }
 
-            /* Here, must be utf8 */
-            locinput += UTF8SKIP(locinput);
-            break;
+            goto increment_locinput;
 
         case NPOSIXD:   /* \W or [:^punct:] etc. under /d */
             to_complement = 1;
@@ -4693,7 +6384,7 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
             }
 
             to_complement = 1;
-            /* FALLTHROUGH */
+            goto join_nposixa;
 
         case POSIXA:    /* \w or [:punct:] etc. under /a */
 
@@ -4702,9 +6393,14 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
              * UTF-8, and also from NPOSIXA even in UTF-8 when the current
              * character is a single byte */
 
-            if (NEXTCHR_IS_EOS
-                || ! (to_complement ^ cBOOL(_generic_isCC_A(nextchr,
-                                                            FLAGS(scan)))))
+            if (NEXTCHR_IS_EOS) {
+                sayNO;
+            }
+
+          join_nposixa:
+
+            if (! (to_complement ^ cBOOL(_generic_isCC_A(nextchr,
+                                                                FLAGS(scan)))))
             {
                 sayNO;
             }
@@ -4723,7 +6419,6 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
             if (NEXTCHR_IS_EOS) {
                 sayNO;
             }
-          utf8_posix_not_eos:
 
             /* Use _generic_isCC() for characters within Latin1.  (Note that
              * UTF8_IS_INVARIANT works even on non-UTF-8 strings, or else
@@ -4738,7 +6433,7 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
             }
             else if (UTF8_IS_DOWNGRADEABLE_START(nextchr)) {
                 if (! (to_complement
-                       ^ cBOOL(_generic_isCC(TWO_BYTE_UTF8_TO_NATIVE(nextchr,
+                       ^ cBOOL(_generic_isCC(EIGHT_BIT_UTF8_TO_NATIVE(nextchr,
                                                                *(locinput + 1)),
                                              FLAGS(scan)))))
                 {
@@ -4747,6 +6442,7 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
                 locinput += 2;
             }
             else {  /* Handle above Latin-1 code points */
+              utf8_posix_above_latin1:
                 classnum = (_char_class_number) FLAGS(scan);
                 if (classnum < _FIRST_NON_SWASH_CC) {
 
@@ -4769,10 +6465,7 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
                 }
                 else {  /* Here, uses macros to find above Latin-1 code points */
                     switch (classnum) {
-                        case _CC_ENUM_SPACE:    /* XXX would require separate
-                                                   code if we revert the change
-                                                   of \v matching this */
-                        case _CC_ENUM_PSXSPC:
+                        case _CC_ENUM_SPACE:
                             if (! (to_complement
                                         ^ cBOOL(is_XPERLSPACE_high(locinput))))
                             {
@@ -4814,38 +6507,6 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
 
        case CLUMP: /* Match \X: logical Unicode character.  This is defined as
                       a Unicode extended Grapheme Cluster */
-           /* From http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr29 (5.2 version).  An
-             extended Grapheme Cluster is:
-
-            CR LF
-            | Prepend* Begin Extend*
-            | .
-
-            Begin is:           ( Special_Begin | ! Control )
-            Special_Begin is:   ( Regional-Indicator+ | Hangul-syllable )
-            Extend is:          ( Grapheme_Extend | Spacing_Mark )
-            Control is:         [ GCB_Control | CR | LF ]
-            Hangul-syllable is: ( T+ | ( L* ( L | ( LVT | ( V | LV ) V* ) T* ) ))
-
-               If we create a 'Regular_Begin' = Begin - Special_Begin, then
-               we can rewrite
-
-                   Begin is ( Regular_Begin + Special Begin )
-
-               It turns out that 98.4% of all Unicode code points match
-               Regular_Begin.  Doing it this way eliminates a table match in
-               the previous implementation for almost all Unicode code points.
-
-              There is a subtlety with Prepend* which showed up in testing.
-              Note that the Begin, and only the Begin is required in:
-               | Prepend* Begin Extend*
-              Also, Begin contains '! Control'.  A Prepend must be a
-              '!  Control', which means it must also be a Begin.  What it
-              comes down to is that if we match Prepend* and then find no
-              suitable Begin afterwards, that if we backtrack the last
-              Prepend, that one will be a suitable Begin.
-           */
-
            if (NEXTCHR_IS_EOS)
                sayNO;
            if  (! utf8_target) {
@@ -4863,147 +6524,30 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
            }
            else {
 
-               /* Utf8: See if is ( CR LF ); already know that locinput <
-                * reginfo->strend, so locinput+1 is in bounds */
-               if ( nextchr == '\r' && locinput+1 < reginfo->strend
-                     && UCHARAT(locinput + 1) == '\n')
-                {
-                   locinput += 2;
-               }
-               else {
-                    STRLEN len;
-
-                   /* In case have to backtrack to beginning, then match '.' */
-                   char *starting = locinput;
-
-                   /* In case have to backtrack the last prepend */
-                   char *previous_prepend = NULL;
+                /* Get the gcb type for the current character */
+                GCB_enum prev_gcb = getGCB_VAL_UTF8((U8*) locinput,
+                                                       (U8*) reginfo->strend);
 
-                   LOAD_UTF8_CHARCLASS_GCB();
-
-                    /* Match (prepend)*   */
-                    while (locinput < reginfo->strend
-                           && (len = is_GCB_Prepend_utf8(locinput)))
+                /* Then scan through the input until we get to the first
+                 * character whose type is supposed to be a gcb with the
+                 * current character.  (There is always a break at the
+                 * end-of-input) */
+                locinput += UTF8SKIP(locinput);
+                while (locinput < reginfo->strend) {
+                    GCB_enum cur_gcb = getGCB_VAL_UTF8((U8*) locinput,
+                                                         (U8*) reginfo->strend);
+                    if (isGCB(prev_gcb, cur_gcb,
+                              (U8*) reginfo->strbeg, (U8*) locinput,
+                              utf8_target))
                     {
-                        previous_prepend = locinput;
-                        locinput += len;
-                    }
-
-                   /* As noted above, if we matched a prepend character, but
-                    * the next thing won't match, back off the last prepend we
-                    * matched, as it is guaranteed to match the begin */
-                   if (previous_prepend
-                       && (locinput >=  reginfo->strend
-                           || (! swash_fetch(PL_utf8_X_regular_begin,
-                                            (U8*)locinput, utf8_target)
-                                && ! is_GCB_SPECIAL_BEGIN_START_utf8(locinput)))
-                        )
-                   {
-                       locinput = previous_prepend;
-                   }
-
-                   /* Note that here we know reginfo->strend > locinput, as we
-                    * tested that upon input to this switch case, and if we
-                    * moved locinput forward, we tested the result just above
-                    * and it either passed, or we backed off so that it will
-                    * now pass */
-                   if (swash_fetch(PL_utf8_X_regular_begin,
-                                    (U8*)locinput, utf8_target)) {
-                        locinput += UTF8SKIP(locinput);
+                        break;
                     }
-                    else if (! is_GCB_SPECIAL_BEGIN_START_utf8(locinput)) {
-
-                       /* Here did not match the required 'Begin' in the
-                        * second term.  So just match the very first
-                        * character, the '.' of the final term of the regex */
-                       locinput = starting + UTF8SKIP(starting);
-                        goto exit_utf8;
-                   } else {
-
-                        /* Here is a special begin.  It can be composed of
-                         * several individual characters.  One possibility is
-                         * RI+ */
-                        if ((len = is_GCB_RI_utf8(locinput))) {
-                            locinput += len;
-                            while (locinput < reginfo->strend
-                                   && (len = is_GCB_RI_utf8(locinput)))
-                            {
-                                locinput += len;
-                            }
-                        } else if ((len = is_GCB_T_utf8(locinput))) {
-                            /* Another possibility is T+ */
-                            locinput += len;
-                            while (locinput < reginfo->strend
-                                && (len = is_GCB_T_utf8(locinput)))
-                            {
-                                locinput += len;
-                            }
-                        } else {
-
-                            /* Here, neither RI+ nor T+; must be some other
-                             * Hangul.  That means it is one of the others: L,
-                             * LV, LVT or V, and matches:
-                             * L* (L | LVT T* | V * V* T* | LV  V* T*) */
-
-                            /* Match L*           */
-                            while (locinput < reginfo->strend
-                                   && (len = is_GCB_L_utf8(locinput)))
-                            {
-                                locinput += len;
-                            }
 
-                            /* Here, have exhausted L*.  If the next character
-                             * is not an LV, LVT nor V, it means we had to have
-                             * at least one L, so matches L+ in the original
-                             * equation, we have a complete hangul syllable.
-                             * Are done. */
-
-                            if (locinput < reginfo->strend
-                                && is_GCB_LV_LVT_V_utf8(locinput))
-                            {
-                                /* Otherwise keep going.  Must be LV, LVT or V.
-                                 * See if LVT, by first ruling out V, then LV */
-                                if (! is_GCB_V_utf8(locinput)
-                                        /* All but every TCount one is LV */
-                                    && (valid_utf8_to_uvchr((U8 *) locinput,
-                                                                         NULL)
-                                                                        - SBASE)
-                                        % TCount != 0)
-                                {
-                                    locinput += UTF8SKIP(locinput);
-                                } else {
-
-                                    /* Must be  V or LV.  Take it, then match
-                                     * V*     */
-                                    locinput += UTF8SKIP(locinput);
-                                    while (locinput < reginfo->strend
-                                           && (len = is_GCB_V_utf8(locinput)))
-                                    {
-                                        locinput += len;
-                                    }
-                                }
+                    prev_gcb = cur_gcb;
+                    locinput += UTF8SKIP(locinput);
+                }
 
-                                /* And any of LV, LVT, or V can be followed
-                                 * by T*            */
-                                while (locinput < reginfo->strend
-                                       && (len = is_GCB_T_utf8(locinput)))
-                                {
-                                    locinput += len;
-                                }
-                            }
-                        }
-                    }
 
-                    /* Match any extender */
-                    while (locinput < reginfo->strend
-                            && swash_fetch(PL_utf8_X_extend,
-                                            (U8*)locinput, utf8_target))
-                    {
-                        locinput += UTF8SKIP(locinput);
-                    }
-               }
-            exit_utf8:
-               if (locinput > reginfo->strend) sayNO;
            }
            break;
             
@@ -5020,6 +6564,7 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
            const U8 *fold_array;
            UV utf8_fold_flags;
 
+            _CHECK_AND_WARN_PROBLEMATIC_LOCALE;
            folder = foldEQ_locale;
            fold_array = PL_fold_locale;
            type = REFFL;
@@ -5064,6 +6609,7 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
            goto do_nref_ref_common;
 
        case REFFL:  /*  /\1/il  */
+            _CHECK_AND_WARN_PROBLEMATIC_LOCALE;
            folder = foldEQ_locale;
            fold_array = PL_fold_locale;
            utf8_fold_flags = FOLDEQ_LOCALE;
@@ -5147,23 +6693,21 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
        case TAIL: /* placeholder while compiling (A|B|C) */
            break;
 
-       case BACK: /* ??? doesn't appear to be used ??? */
-           break;
-
 #undef  ST
 #define ST st->u.eval
+#define CUR_EVAL cur_eval->u.eval
+
        {
            SV *ret;
            REGEXP *re_sv;
             regexp *re;
             regexp_internal *rei;
             regnode *startpoint;
+            U32 arg;
 
-       case GOSTART: /*  (?R)  */
        case GOSUB: /*    /(...(?1))/   /(...(?&foo))/   */
-           if (cur_eval && cur_eval->locinput==locinput) {
-                if (cur_eval->u.eval.close_paren == (U32)ARG(scan)) 
-                    Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Infinite recursion in regex");
+            arg= (U32)ARG(scan);
+            if (cur_eval && cur_eval->locinput == locinput) {
                 if ( ++nochange_depth > max_nochange_depth )
                     Perl_croak(aTHX_ 
                         "Pattern subroutine nesting without pos change"
@@ -5174,12 +6718,33 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
            re_sv = rex_sv;
             re = rex;
             rei = rexi;
-            if (OP(scan)==GOSUB) {
-                startpoint = scan + ARG2L(scan);
-                ST.close_paren = ARG(scan);
+            startpoint = scan + ARG2L(scan);
+            EVAL_CLOSE_PAREN_SET( st, arg );
+            /* Detect infinite recursion
+             *
+             * A pattern like /(?R)foo/ or /(?<x>(?&y)foo)(?<y>(?&x)bar)/
+             * or "a"=~/(.(?2))((?<=(?=(?1)).))/ could recurse forever.
+             * So we track the position in the string we are at each time
+             * we recurse and if we try to enter the same routine twice from
+             * the same position we throw an error.
+             */
+            if ( rex->recurse_locinput[arg] == locinput ) {
+                /* FIXME: we should show the regop that is failing as part
+                 * of the error message. */
+                Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Infinite recursion in regex");
             } else {
-                startpoint = rei->program+1;
-                ST.close_paren = 0;
+                ST.prev_recurse_locinput= rex->recurse_locinput[arg];
+                rex->recurse_locinput[arg]= locinput;
+
+                DEBUG_r({
+                    GET_RE_DEBUG_FLAGS_DECL;
+                    DEBUG_STACK_r({
+                        Perl_re_exec_indentf( aTHX_
+                            "entering GOSUB, prev_recurse_locinput=%p recurse_locinput[%d]=%p\n",
+                            depth, ST.prev_recurse_locinput, arg, rex->recurse_locinput[arg]
+                        );
+                    });
+                });
             }
 
             /* Save all the positions seen so far. */
@@ -5188,8 +6753,7 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
 
             /* and then jump to the code we share with EVAL */
             goto eval_recurse_doit;
-
-            assert(0); /* NOTREACHED */
+            /* NOTREACHED */
 
         case EVAL:  /*   /(?{A})B/   /(??{A})B/  and /(?(?{A})X|Y)B/   */        
             if (cur_eval && cur_eval->locinput==locinput) {
@@ -5218,10 +6782,9 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
                n = ARG(scan);
 
                if (rexi->data->what[n] == 'r') { /* code from an external qr */
-                   newcv = (ReANY(
-                                               (REGEXP*)(rexi->data->data[n])
-                                           ))->qr_anoncv
-                                       ;
+                    newcv = (ReANY(
+                                    (REGEXP*)(rexi->data->data[n])
+                            ))->qr_anoncv;
                    nop = (OP*)rexi->data->data[n+1];
                }
                else if (rexi->data->what[n] == 'l') { /* literal code */
@@ -5248,6 +6811,13 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
                     U8 flags = (CXp_SUB_RE |
                                 ((newcv == caller_cv) ? CXp_SUB_RE_FAKE : 0));
                    if (last_pushed_cv) {
+                        /* PUSH/POP_MULTICALL save and restore the
+                         * caller's PL_comppad; if we call multiple subs
+                         * using the same CX block, we have to save and
+                         * unwind the varying PL_comppad's ourselves,
+                         * especially restoring the right PL_comppad on
+                         * backtrack - so save it on the save stack */
+                        SAVECOMPPAD();
                        CHANGE_MULTICALL_FLAGS(newcv, flags);
                    }
                    else {
@@ -5259,7 +6829,6 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
                     /* these assignments are just to silence compiler
                      * warnings */
                    multicall_cop = NULL;
-                   newsp = NULL;
                }
                last_pad = PL_comppad;
 
@@ -5278,7 +6847,7 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
                        assert(o->op_targ == OP_LEAVE);
                        o = cUNOPo->op_first;
                        assert(o->op_type == OP_ENTER);
-                       o = o->op_sibling;
+                       o = OpSIBLING(o);
                    }
 
                    if (o->op_type != OP_STUB) {
@@ -5295,7 +6864,7 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
                }
                nop = nop->op_next;
 
-               DEBUG_STATE_r( PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, 
+                DEBUG_STATE_r( Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                    "  re EVAL PL_op=0x%"UVxf"\n", PTR2UV(nop)) );
 
                rex->offs[0].end = locinput - reginfo->strbeg;
@@ -5311,7 +6880,8 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
 
                /* we don't use MULTICALL here as we want to call the
                 * first op of the block of interest, rather than the
-                * first op of the sub */
+                * first op of the sub. Also, we don't want to free
+                 * the savestack frame */
                before = (IV)(SP-PL_stack_base);
                PL_op = nop;
                CALLRUNOPS(aTHX);                       /* Scalar context. */
@@ -5404,8 +6974,8 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
                         assert(!(scan->flags & ~RXf_PMf_COMPILETIME));
                        re_sv = rex->engine->op_comp(aTHX_ &ret, 1, NULL,
                                    rex->engine, NULL, NULL,
-                                    /* copy /msix etc to inner pattern */
-                                    scan->flags,
+                                    /* copy /msixn etc to inner pattern */
+                                    ARG2L(scan),
                                     pm_flags);
 
                        if (!(SvFLAGS(ret)
@@ -5433,7 +7003,9 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
                                     reginfo->strend, "Matching embedded");
                );              
                startpoint = rei->program + 1;
-                       ST.close_paren = 0; /* only used for GOSUB */
+                EVAL_CLOSE_PAREN_CLEAR(st); /* ST.close_paren = 0;
+                                             * close_paren only for GOSUB */
+                ST.prev_recurse_locinput= NULL; /* only used for GOSUB */
                 /* Save all the seen positions so far. */
                 ST.cp = regcppush(rex, 0, maxopenparen);
                 REGCP_SET(ST.lastcp);
@@ -5441,7 +7013,7 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
                 maxopenparen = 0;
                 /* run the pattern returned from (??{...}) */
 
-        eval_recurse_doit: /* Share code with GOSUB below this line
+              eval_recurse_doit: /* Share code with GOSUB below this line
                             * At this point we expect the stack context to be
                             * set up correctly */
 
@@ -5470,11 +7042,30 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
                cur_eval = st;
                /* now continue from first node in postoned RE */
                PUSH_YES_STATE_GOTO(EVAL_AB, startpoint, locinput);
-               assert(0); /* NOTREACHED */
+               NOT_REACHED; /* NOTREACHED */
        }
 
        case EVAL_AB: /* cleanup after a successful (??{A})B */
-           /* note: this is called twice; first after popping B, then A */
+            /* note: this is called twice; first after popping B, then A */
+            DEBUG_STACK_r({
+                Perl_re_exec_indentf( aTHX_  "EVAL_AB cur_eval=%p prev_eval=%p\n",
+                    depth, cur_eval, ST.prev_eval);
+            });
+
+#define SET_RECURSE_LOCINPUT(STR,VAL)\
+            if ( cur_eval && CUR_EVAL.close_paren ) {\
+                DEBUG_STACK_r({ \
+                    Perl_re_exec_indentf( aTHX_  STR " GOSUB%d ce=%p recurse_locinput=%p\n",\
+                        depth,    \
+                        CUR_EVAL.close_paren - 1,\
+                        cur_eval, \
+                        VAL);     \
+                });               \
+                rex->recurse_locinput[CUR_EVAL.close_paren - 1] = VAL;\
+            }
+
+            SET_RECURSE_LOCINPUT("EVAL_AB[before]", CUR_EVAL.prev_recurse_locinput);
+
            rex_sv = ST.prev_rex;
             is_utf8_pat = reginfo->is_utf8_pat = cBOOL(RX_UTF8(rex_sv));
            SET_reg_curpm(rex_sv);
@@ -5495,11 +7086,20 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
            reginfo->poscache_maxiter = 0;
             if ( nochange_depth )
                nochange_depth--;
+
+            SET_RECURSE_LOCINPUT("EVAL_AB[after]", cur_eval->locinput);
            sayYES;
 
 
        case EVAL_AB_fail: /* unsuccessfully ran A or B in (??{A})B */
            /* note: this is called twice; first after popping B, then A */
+            DEBUG_STACK_r({
+                Perl_re_exec_indentf( aTHX_  "EVAL_AB_fail cur_eval=%p prev_eval=%p\n",
+                    depth, cur_eval, ST.prev_eval);
+            });
+
+            SET_RECURSE_LOCINPUT("EVAL_AB_fail[before]", CUR_EVAL.prev_recurse_locinput);
+
            rex_sv = ST.prev_rex;
             is_utf8_pat = reginfo->is_utf8_pat = cBOOL(RX_UTF8(rex_sv));
            SET_reg_curpm(rex_sv);
@@ -5510,11 +7110,14 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
            regcppop(rex, &maxopenparen);
            cur_eval = ST.prev_eval;
            cur_curlyx = ST.prev_curlyx;
+
            /* Invalidate cache. See "invalidate" comment above. */
            reginfo->poscache_maxiter = 0;
            if ( nochange_depth )
                nochange_depth--;
-           sayNO_SILENT;
+
+            SET_RECURSE_LOCINPUT("EVAL_AB_fail[after]", cur_eval->locinput);
+            sayNO_SILENT;
 #undef ST
 
        case OPEN: /*  (  */
@@ -5522,7 +7125,7 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
            rex->offs[n].start_tmp = locinput - reginfo->strbeg;
            if (n > maxopenparen)
                maxopenparen = n;
-           DEBUG_BUFFERS_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+            DEBUG_BUFFERS_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                "rex=0x%"UVxf" offs=0x%"UVxf": \\%"UVuf": set %"IVdf" tmp; maxopenparen=%"UVuf"\n",
                PTR2UV(rex),
                PTR2UV(rex->offs),
@@ -5534,16 +7137,16 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
            break;
 
 /* XXX really need to log other places start/end are set too */
-#define CLOSE_CAPTURE \
-    rex->offs[n].start = rex->offs[n].start_tmp; \
-    rex->offs[n].end = locinput - reginfo->strbeg; \
-    DEBUG_BUFFERS_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, \
-       "rex=0x%"UVxf" offs=0x%"UVxf": \\%"UVuf": set %"IVdf"..%"IVdf"\n", \
-       PTR2UV(rex), \
-       PTR2UV(rex->offs), \
-       (UV)n, \
-       (IV)rex->offs[n].start, \
-       (IV)rex->offs[n].end \
+#define CLOSE_CAPTURE                                                      \
+    rex->offs[n].start = rex->offs[n].start_tmp;                           \
+    rex->offs[n].end = locinput - reginfo->strbeg;                         \
+    DEBUG_BUFFERS_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_                                              \
+        "rex=0x%"UVxf" offs=0x%"UVxf": \\%"UVuf": set %"IVdf"..%"IVdf"\n", \
+        PTR2UV(rex),                                                       \
+        PTR2UV(rex->offs),                                                 \
+        (UV)n,                                                             \
+        (IV)rex->offs[n].start,                                            \
+        (IV)rex->offs[n].end                                               \
     ))
 
        case CLOSE:  /*  )  */
@@ -5552,13 +7155,15 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
            if (n > rex->lastparen)
                rex->lastparen = n;
            rex->lastcloseparen = n;
-            if (cur_eval && cur_eval->u.eval.close_paren == n) {
+            if ( EVAL_CLOSE_PAREN_IS( cur_eval, n ) )
                goto fake_end;
-           }    
+
            break;
 
         case ACCEPT:  /*  (*ACCEPT)  */
-            if (ARG(scan)){
+            if (scan->flags)
+                sv_yes_mark = MUTABLE_SV(rexi->data->data[ ARG( scan ) ]);
+            if (ARG2L(scan)){
                 regnode *cursor;
                 for (cursor=scan;
                      cursor && OP(cursor)!=END; 
@@ -5571,15 +7176,14 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
                             if (n > rex->lastparen)
                                 rex->lastparen = n;
                             rex->lastcloseparen = n;
-                            if ( n == ARG(scan) || (cur_eval &&
-                                cur_eval->u.eval.close_paren == n))
+                            if ( n == ARG(scan) || EVAL_CLOSE_PAREN_IS(cur_eval, n) )
                                 break;
                         }
                     }
                 }
             }
            goto fake_end;
-           /*NOTREACHED*/          
+           /* NOTREACHED */
 
        case GROUPP:  /*  (?(1))  */
            n = ARG(scan);  /* which paren pair */
@@ -5593,7 +7197,9 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
 
         case INSUBP:   /*  (?(R))  */
             n = ARG(scan);
-            sw = (cur_eval && (!n || cur_eval->u.eval.close_paren == n));
+            /* this does not need to use EVAL_CLOSE_PAREN macros, as the arg
+             * of SCAN is already set up as matches a eval.close_paren */
+            sw = cur_eval && (n == 0 || CUR_EVAL.close_paren == n);
             break;
 
         case DEFINEP:  /*  (?(DEFINE))  */
@@ -5729,19 +7335,19 @@ NULL
            ST.lastloc = NULL;  /* this will be updated by WHILEM */
 
            PUSH_YES_STATE_GOTO(CURLYX_end, PREVOPER(next), locinput);
-           assert(0); /* NOTREACHED */
+           NOT_REACHED; /* NOTREACHED */
        }
 
        case CURLYX_end: /* just finished matching all of A*B */
            cur_curlyx = ST.prev_curlyx;
            sayYES;
-           assert(0); /* NOTREACHED */
+           NOT_REACHED; /* NOTREACHED */
 
        case CURLYX_end_fail: /* just failed to match all of A*B */
            regcpblow(ST.cp);
            cur_curlyx = ST.prev_curlyx;
            sayNO;
-           assert(0); /* NOTREACHED */
+           NOT_REACHED; /* NOTREACHED */
 
 
 #undef ST
@@ -5751,20 +7357,22 @@ NULL
        {
            /* see the discussion above about CURLYX/WHILEM */
            I32 n;
-           int min = ARG1(cur_curlyx->u.curlyx.me);
-           int max = ARG2(cur_curlyx->u.curlyx.me);
-           regnode *A = NEXTOPER(cur_curlyx->u.curlyx.me) + EXTRA_STEP_2ARGS;
+           int min, max;
+           regnode *A;
 
            assert(cur_curlyx); /* keep Coverity happy */
+
+           min = ARG1(cur_curlyx->u.curlyx.me);
+           max = ARG2(cur_curlyx->u.curlyx.me);
+           A = NEXTOPER(cur_curlyx->u.curlyx.me) + EXTRA_STEP_2ARGS;
            n = ++cur_curlyx->u.curlyx.count; /* how many A's matched */
            ST.save_lastloc = cur_curlyx->u.curlyx.lastloc;
            ST.cache_offset = 0;
            ST.cache_mask = 0;
            
 
-           DEBUG_EXECUTE_r( PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
-                 "%*s  whilem: matched %ld out of %d..%d\n",
-                 REPORT_CODE_OFF+depth*2, "", (long)n, min, max)
+            DEBUG_EXECUTE_r( Perl_re_exec_indentf( aTHX_  "whilem: matched %ld out of %d..%d\n",
+                  depth, (long)n, min, max)
            );
 
            /* First just match a string of min A's. */
@@ -5776,15 +7384,14 @@ NULL
                REGCP_SET(ST.lastcp);
 
                PUSH_STATE_GOTO(WHILEM_A_pre, A, locinput);
-               assert(0); /* NOTREACHED */
+               NOT_REACHED; /* NOTREACHED */
            }
 
            /* If degenerate A matches "", assume A done. */
 
            if (locinput == cur_curlyx->u.curlyx.lastloc) {
-               DEBUG_EXECUTE_r( PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
-                  "%*s  whilem: empty match detected, trying continuation...\n",
-                  REPORT_CODE_OFF+depth*2, "")
+                DEBUG_EXECUTE_r( Perl_re_exec_indentf( aTHX_  "whilem: empty match detected, trying continuation...\n",
+                   depth)
                );
                goto do_whilem_B_max;
            }
@@ -5850,7 +7457,7 @@ NULL
                        reginfo->poscache_size = size;
                        Newxz(aux->poscache, size, char);
                    }
-                   DEBUG_EXECUTE_r( PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+                    DEBUG_EXECUTE_r( Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
       "%swhilem: Detected a super-linear match, switching on caching%s...\n",
                              PL_colors[4], PL_colors[5])
                    );
@@ -5867,9 +7474,8 @@ NULL
                    mask    = 1 << (offset % 8);
                    offset /= 8;
                    if (reginfo->info_aux->poscache[offset] & mask) {
-                       DEBUG_EXECUTE_r( PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
-                           "%*s  whilem: (cache) already tried at this position...\n",
-                           REPORT_CODE_OFF+depth*2, "")
+                        DEBUG_EXECUTE_r( Perl_re_exec_indentf( aTHX_  "whilem: (cache) already tried at this position...\n",
+                            depth)
                        );
                        sayNO; /* cache records failure */
                    }
@@ -5888,7 +7494,7 @@ NULL
                REGCP_SET(ST.lastcp);
                PUSH_YES_STATE_GOTO(WHILEM_B_min, ST.save_curlyx->u.curlyx.B,
                                     locinput);
-               assert(0); /* NOTREACHED */
+               NOT_REACHED; /* NOTREACHED */
            }
 
            /* Prefer A over B for maximal matching. */
@@ -5899,24 +7505,24 @@ NULL
                cur_curlyx->u.curlyx.lastloc = locinput;
                REGCP_SET(ST.lastcp);
                PUSH_STATE_GOTO(WHILEM_A_max, A, locinput);
-               assert(0); /* NOTREACHED */
+               NOT_REACHED; /* NOTREACHED */
            }
            goto do_whilem_B_max;
        }
-       assert(0); /* NOTREACHED */
+       NOT_REACHED; /* NOTREACHED */
 
        case WHILEM_B_min: /* just matched B in a minimal match */
        case WHILEM_B_max: /* just matched B in a maximal match */
            cur_curlyx = ST.save_curlyx;
            sayYES;
-           assert(0); /* NOTREACHED */
+           NOT_REACHED; /* NOTREACHED */
 
        case WHILEM_B_max_fail: /* just failed to match B in a maximal match */
            cur_curlyx = ST.save_curlyx;
            cur_curlyx->u.curlyx.lastloc = ST.save_lastloc;
            cur_curlyx->u.curlyx.count--;
            CACHEsayNO;
-           assert(0); /* NOTREACHED */
+           NOT_REACHED; /* NOTREACHED */
 
        case WHILEM_A_min_fail: /* just failed to match A in a minimal match */
            /* FALLTHROUGH */
@@ -5926,14 +7532,13 @@ NULL
            cur_curlyx->u.curlyx.lastloc = ST.save_lastloc;
            cur_curlyx->u.curlyx.count--;
            CACHEsayNO;
-           assert(0); /* NOTREACHED */
+           NOT_REACHED; /* NOTREACHED */
 
        case WHILEM_A_max_fail: /* just failed to match A in a maximal match */
            REGCP_UNWIND(ST.lastcp);
            regcppop(rex, &maxopenparen); /* Restore some previous $<digit>s? */
-           DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
-               "%*s  whilem: failed, trying continuation...\n",
-               REPORT_CODE_OFF+depth*2, "")
+            DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_exec_indentf( aTHX_  "whilem: failed, trying continuation...\n",
+                depth)
            );
          do_whilem_B_max:
            if (cur_curlyx->u.curlyx.count >= REG_INFTY
@@ -5952,7 +7557,7 @@ NULL
            cur_curlyx = cur_curlyx->u.curlyx.prev_curlyx;
            PUSH_YES_STATE_GOTO(WHILEM_B_max, ST.save_curlyx->u.curlyx.B,
                                 locinput);
-           assert(0); /* NOTREACHED */
+           NOT_REACHED; /* NOTREACHED */
 
        case WHILEM_B_min_fail: /* just failed to match B in a minimal match */
            cur_curlyx = ST.save_curlyx;
@@ -5975,8 +7580,7 @@ NULL
                CACHEsayNO;
            }
 
-           DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
-               "%*s  trying longer...\n", REPORT_CODE_OFF+depth*2, "")
+            DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_exec_indentf( aTHX_  "trying longer...\n", depth)
            );
            /* Try grabbing another A and see if it helps. */
            cur_curlyx->u.curlyx.lastloc = locinput;
@@ -5986,7 +7590,7 @@ NULL
            PUSH_STATE_GOTO(WHILEM_A_min,
                /*A*/ NEXTOPER(ST.save_curlyx->u.curlyx.me) + EXTRA_STEP_2ARGS,
                 locinput);
-           assert(0); /* NOTREACHED */
+           NOT_REACHED; /* NOTREACHED */
 
 #undef  ST
 #define ST st->u.branch
@@ -6011,13 +7615,14 @@ NULL
            } else {
                PUSH_STATE_GOTO(BRANCH_next, scan, locinput);
            }
-           assert(0); /* NOTREACHED */
+           NOT_REACHED; /* NOTREACHED */
 
         case CUTGROUP:  /*  /(*THEN)/  */
-            sv_yes_mark = st->u.mark.mark_name = scan->flags ? NULL :
-                MUTABLE_SV(rexi->data->data[ ARG( scan ) ]);
+            sv_yes_mark = st->u.mark.mark_name = scan->flags
+                ? MUTABLE_SV(rexi->data->data[ ARG( scan ) ])
+                : NULL;
             PUSH_STATE_GOTO(CUTGROUP_next, next, locinput);
-            assert(0); /* NOTREACHED */
+            NOT_REACHED; /* NOTREACHED */
 
         case CUTGROUP_next_fail:
             do_cutgroup = 1;
@@ -6025,11 +7630,11 @@ NULL
             if (st->u.mark.mark_name)
                 sv_commit = st->u.mark.mark_name;
             sayNO;         
-            assert(0); /* NOTREACHED */
+            NOT_REACHED; /* NOTREACHED */
 
         case BRANCH_next:
             sayYES;
-            assert(0); /* NOTREACHED */
+            NOT_REACHED; /* NOTREACHED */
 
        case BRANCH_next_fail: /* that branch failed; try the next, if any */
            if (do_cutgroup) {
@@ -6042,16 +7647,15 @@ NULL
            /* no more branches? */
            if (!scan || (OP(scan) != BRANCH && OP(scan) != BRANCHJ)) {
                DEBUG_EXECUTE_r({
-                   PerlIO_printf( Perl_debug_log,
-                       "%*s  %sBRANCH failed...%s\n",
-                       REPORT_CODE_OFF+depth*2, "", 
+                    Perl_re_exec_indentf( aTHX_  "%sBRANCH failed...%s\n",
+                        depth,
                        PL_colors[4],
                        PL_colors[5] );
                });
                sayNO_SILENT;
             }
            continue; /* execute next BRANCH[J] op */
-           assert(0); /* NOTREACHED */
+            /* NOTREACHED */
     
        case MINMOD: /* next op will be non-greedy, e.g. A*?  */
            minmod = 1;
@@ -6095,7 +7699,7 @@ NULL
 
          curlym_do_A: /* execute the A in /A{m,n}B/  */
            PUSH_YES_STATE_GOTO(CURLYM_A, ST.A, locinput); /* match A */
-           assert(0); /* NOTREACHED */
+           NOT_REACHED; /* NOTREACHED */
 
        case CURLYM_A: /* we've just matched an A */
            ST.count++;
@@ -6115,14 +7719,11 @@ NULL
                    ST.count = ST.minmod ? ARG1(ST.me) : ARG2(ST.me);
            }
            DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(
-               PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
-                         "%*s  CURLYM now matched %"IVdf" times, len=%"IVdf"...\n",
-                         (int)(REPORT_CODE_OFF+(depth*2)), "",
-                         (IV) ST.count, (IV)ST.alen)
+                Perl_re_exec_indentf( aTHX_  "CURLYM now matched %"IVdf" times, len=%"IVdf"...\n",
+                          depth, (IV) ST.count, (IV)ST.alen)
            );
 
-           if (cur_eval && cur_eval->u.eval.close_paren && 
-               cur_eval->u.eval.close_paren == (U32)ST.me->flags) 
+            if (EVAL_CLOSE_PAREN_IS_TRUE(cur_eval,(U32)ST.me->flags))
                goto fake_end;
                
            {
@@ -6135,9 +7736,9 @@ NULL
        case CURLYM_A_fail: /* just failed to match an A */
            REGCP_UNWIND(ST.cp);
 
+
            if (ST.minmod || ST.count < ARG1(ST.me) /* min*/ 
-               || (cur_eval && cur_eval->u.eval.close_paren &&
-                   cur_eval->u.eval.close_paren == (U32)ST.me->flags))
+                || EVAL_CLOSE_PAREN_IS_TRUE(cur_eval,(U32)ST.me->flags))
                sayNO;
 
          curlym_do_B: /* execute the B in /A{m,n}B/  */
@@ -6145,6 +7746,7 @@ NULL
                /* calculate c1 and c2 for possible match of 1st char
                 * following curly */
                ST.c1 = ST.c2 = CHRTEST_VOID;
+                assert(ST.B);
                if (HAS_TEXT(ST.B) || JUMPABLE(ST.B)) {
                    regnode *text_node = ST.B;
                    if (! HAS_TEXT(text_node))
@@ -6170,10 +7772,8 @@ NULL
            }
 
            DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(
-               PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
-                   "%*s  CURLYM trying tail with matches=%"IVdf"...\n",
-                   (int)(REPORT_CODE_OFF+(depth*2)),
-                   "", (IV)ST.count)
+                Perl_re_exec_indentf( aTHX_  "CURLYM trying tail with matches=%"IVdf"...\n",
+                    depth, (IV)ST.count)
                );
            if (! NEXTCHR_IS_EOS && ST.c1 != CHRTEST_VOID) {
                 if (! UTF8_IS_INVARIANT(nextchr) && utf8_target) {
@@ -6182,9 +7782,8 @@ NULL
                     {
                         /* simulate B failing */
                         DEBUG_OPTIMISE_r(
-                            PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
-                                "%*s  CURLYM Fast bail next target=0x%"UVXf" c1=0x%"UVXf" c2=0x%"UVXf"\n",
-                                (int)(REPORT_CODE_OFF+(depth*2)),"",
+                            Perl_re_exec_indentf( aTHX_  "CURLYM Fast bail next target=0x%"UVXf" c1=0x%"UVXf" c2=0x%"UVXf"\n",
+                                depth,
                                 valid_utf8_to_uvchr((U8 *) locinput, NULL),
                                 valid_utf8_to_uvchr(ST.c1_utf8, NULL),
                                 valid_utf8_to_uvchr(ST.c2_utf8, NULL))
@@ -6196,9 +7795,8 @@ NULL
                 else if (nextchr != ST.c1 && nextchr != ST.c2) {
                     /* simulate B failing */
                     DEBUG_OPTIMISE_r(
-                        PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
-                            "%*s  CURLYM Fast bail next target=0x%X c1=0x%X c2=0x%X\n",
-                            (int)(REPORT_CODE_OFF+(depth*2)),"",
+                        Perl_re_exec_indentf( aTHX_  "CURLYM Fast bail next target=0x%X c1=0x%X c2=0x%X\n",
+                            depth,
                             (int) nextchr, ST.c1, ST.c2)
                     );
                     state_num = CURLYM_B_fail;
@@ -6219,8 +7817,8 @@ NULL
                }
                else
                    rex->offs[paren].end = -1;
-               if (cur_eval && cur_eval->u.eval.close_paren &&
-                   cur_eval->u.eval.close_paren == (U32)ST.me->flags) 
+
+                if (EVAL_CLOSE_PAREN_IS_TRUE(cur_eval,(U32)ST.me->flags))
                {
                    if (ST.count) 
                        goto fake_end;
@@ -6230,7 +7828,7 @@ NULL
            }
            
            PUSH_STATE_GOTO(CURLYM_B, ST.B, locinput); /* match B */
-           assert(0); /* NOTREACHED */
+           NOT_REACHED; /* NOTREACHED */
 
        case CURLYM_B_fail: /* just failed to match a B */
            REGCP_UNWIND(ST.cp);
@@ -6289,8 +7887,8 @@ NULL
                maxopenparen = ST.paren;
            ST.min = ARG1(scan);  /* min to match */
            ST.max = ARG2(scan);  /* max to match */
-           if (cur_eval && cur_eval->u.eval.close_paren &&
-               cur_eval->u.eval.close_paren == (U32)ST.paren) {
+            if (EVAL_CLOSE_PAREN_IS_TRUE(cur_eval,(U32)ST.paren))
+            {
                ST.min=1;
                ST.max=1;
            }
@@ -6408,8 +8006,7 @@ NULL
                REGCP_SET(ST.cp);
                goto curly_try_B_max;
            }
-           assert(0); /* NOTREACHED */
-
+           NOT_REACHED; /* NOTREACHED */
 
        case CURLY_B_min_known_fail:
            /* failed to find B in a non-greedy match where c1,c2 valid */
@@ -6478,14 +8075,11 @@ NULL
                     assert(n == REG_INFTY || locinput == li);
                }
                CURLY_SETPAREN(ST.paren, ST.count);
-               if (cur_eval && cur_eval->u.eval.close_paren && 
-                   cur_eval->u.eval.close_paren == (U32)ST.paren) {
+                if (EVAL_CLOSE_PAREN_IS_TRUE(cur_eval,(U32)ST.paren))
                    goto fake_end;
-               }
                PUSH_STATE_GOTO(CURLY_B_min_known, ST.B, locinput);
            }
-           assert(0); /* NOTREACHED */
-
+           NOT_REACHED; /* NOTREACHED */
 
        case CURLY_B_min_fail:
            /* failed to find B in a non-greedy match where c1,c2 invalid */
@@ -6509,23 +8103,18 @@ NULL
                {
                  curly_try_B_min:
                    CURLY_SETPAREN(ST.paren, ST.count);
-                   if (cur_eval && cur_eval->u.eval.close_paren &&
-                       cur_eval->u.eval.close_paren == (U32)ST.paren) {
+                    if (EVAL_CLOSE_PAREN_IS_TRUE(cur_eval,(U32)ST.paren))
                         goto fake_end;
-                    }
                    PUSH_STATE_GOTO(CURLY_B_min, ST.B, locinput);
                }
            }
             sayNO;
-           assert(0); /* NOTREACHED */
+           NOT_REACHED; /* NOTREACHED */
 
-
-       curly_try_B_max:
+          curly_try_B_max:
            /* a successful greedy match: now try to match B */
-            if (cur_eval && cur_eval->u.eval.close_paren &&
-                cur_eval->u.eval.close_paren == (U32)ST.paren) {
+            if (EVAL_CLOSE_PAREN_IS_TRUE(cur_eval,(U32)ST.paren))
                 goto fake_end;
-            }
            {
                bool could_match = locinput < reginfo->strend;
 
@@ -6548,7 +8137,7 @@ NULL
                 if (ST.c1 == CHRTEST_VOID || could_match) {
                    CURLY_SETPAREN(ST.paren, ST.count);
                    PUSH_STATE_GOTO(CURLY_B_max, ST.B, locinput);
-                   assert(0); /* NOTREACHED */
+                   NOT_REACHED; /* NOTREACHED */
                }
            }
            /* FALLTHROUGH */
@@ -6569,43 +8158,47 @@ NULL
 #undef ST
 
        case END: /*  last op of main pattern  */
-           fake_end:
+          fake_end:
            if (cur_eval) {
                /* we've just finished A in /(??{A})B/; now continue with B */
-
+                SET_RECURSE_LOCINPUT("FAKE-END[before]", CUR_EVAL.prev_recurse_locinput);
                st->u.eval.prev_rex = rex_sv;           /* inner */
 
                 /* Save *all* the positions. */
                st->u.eval.cp = regcppush(rex, 0, maxopenparen);
-               rex_sv = cur_eval->u.eval.prev_rex;
+                rex_sv = CUR_EVAL.prev_rex;
                is_utf8_pat = reginfo->is_utf8_pat = cBOOL(RX_UTF8(rex_sv));
                SET_reg_curpm(rex_sv);
                rex = ReANY(rex_sv);
                rexi = RXi_GET(rex);
-               cur_curlyx = cur_eval->u.eval.prev_curlyx;
+
+                st->u.eval.prev_curlyx = cur_curlyx;
+                cur_curlyx = CUR_EVAL.prev_curlyx;
 
                REGCP_SET(st->u.eval.lastcp);
 
                /* Restore parens of the outer rex without popping the
                 * savestack */
-               S_regcp_restore(aTHX_ rex, cur_eval->u.eval.lastcp,
+                S_regcp_restore(aTHX_ rex, CUR_EVAL.lastcp,
                                         &maxopenparen);
 
                st->u.eval.prev_eval = cur_eval;
-               cur_eval = cur_eval->u.eval.prev_eval;
+                cur_eval = CUR_EVAL.prev_eval;
                DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(
-                   PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "%*s  EVAL trying tail ... %"UVxf"\n",
-                                     REPORT_CODE_OFF+depth*2, "",PTR2UV(cur_eval)););
+                    Perl_re_exec_indentf( aTHX_  "EVAL trying tail ... (cur_eval=%p)\n",
+                                      depth, cur_eval););
                 if ( nochange_depth )
                    nochange_depth--;
 
+                SET_RECURSE_LOCINPUT("FAKE-END[after]", cur_eval->locinput);
+
                 PUSH_YES_STATE_GOTO(EVAL_AB, st->u.eval.prev_eval->u.eval.B,
                                     locinput); /* match B */
            }
 
            if (locinput < reginfo->till) {
-               DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
-                                     "%sMatch possible, but length=%ld is smaller than requested=%ld, failing!%s\n",
+                DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
+                                      "%sMatch possible, but length=%ld is smaller than requested=%ld, failing!%s\n",
                                      PL_colors[4],
                                      (long)(locinput - startpos),
                                      (long)(reginfo->till - startpos),
@@ -6617,9 +8210,8 @@ NULL
 
        case SUCCEED: /* successful SUSPEND/UNLESSM/IFMATCH/CURLYM */
            DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(
-           PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
-               "%*s  %ssubpattern success...%s\n",
-               REPORT_CODE_OFF+depth*2, "", PL_colors[4], PL_colors[5]));
+            Perl_re_exec_indentf( aTHX_  "%ssubpattern success...%s\n",
+                depth, PL_colors[4], PL_colors[5]));
            sayYES;                     /* Success! */
 
 #undef  ST
@@ -6667,7 +8259,7 @@ NULL
            
            /* execute body of (?...A) */
            PUSH_YES_STATE_GOTO(IFMATCH_A, NEXTOPER(NEXTOPER(scan)), newstart);
-           assert(0); /* NOTREACHED */
+           NOT_REACHED; /* NOTREACHED */
         }
 
        case IFMATCH_A_fail: /* body of (?...A) failed */
@@ -6704,18 +8296,30 @@ NULL
            /* FALLTHROUGH */
 
        case PRUNE:   /*  (*PRUNE)   */
-           if (!scan->flags)
+            if (scan->flags)
                sv_yes_mark = sv_commit = MUTABLE_SV(rexi->data->data[ ARG( scan ) ]);
            PUSH_STATE_GOTO(COMMIT_next, next, locinput);
-           assert(0); /* NOTREACHED */
+           NOT_REACHED; /* NOTREACHED */
 
        case COMMIT_next_fail:
            no_final = 1;    
            /* FALLTHROUGH */       
+            sayNO;
+            NOT_REACHED; /* NOTREACHED */
 
        case OPFAIL:   /* (*FAIL)  */
-           sayNO;
-           assert(0); /* NOTREACHED */
+            if (scan->flags)
+                sv_commit = MUTABLE_SV(rexi->data->data[ ARG( scan ) ]);
+            if (logical) {
+                /* deal with (?(?!)X|Y) properly,
+                 * make sure we trigger the no branch
+                 * of the trailing IFTHEN structure*/
+                sw= 0;
+                break;
+            } else {
+                sayNO;
+            }
+           NOT_REACHED; /* NOTREACHED */
 
 #define ST st->u.mark
         case MARKPOINT: /*  (*MARK:foo)  */
@@ -6725,12 +8329,12 @@ NULL
             mark_state = st;
             ST.mark_loc = locinput;
             PUSH_YES_STATE_GOTO(MARKPOINT_next, next, locinput);
-            assert(0); /* NOTREACHED */
+            NOT_REACHED; /* NOTREACHED */
 
         case MARKPOINT_next:
             mark_state = ST.prev_mark;
             sayYES;
-            assert(0); /* NOTREACHED */
+            NOT_REACHED; /* NOTREACHED */
 
         case MARKPOINT_next_fail:
             if (popmark && sv_eq(ST.mark_name,popmark)) 
@@ -6741,9 +8345,8 @@ NULL
                 sv_commit = ST.mark_name;
 
                 DEBUG_EXECUTE_r({
-                        PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
-                           "%*s  %ssetting cutpoint to mark:%"SVf"...%s\n",
-                           REPORT_CODE_OFF+depth*2, "", 
+                        Perl_re_exec_indentf( aTHX_  "%ssetting cutpoint to mark:%"SVf"...%s\n",
+                            depth,
                            PL_colors[4], SVfARG(sv_commit), PL_colors[5]);
                });
             }
@@ -6751,10 +8354,10 @@ NULL
             sv_yes_mark = mark_state ? 
                 mark_state->u.mark.mark_name : NULL;
             sayNO;
-            assert(0); /* NOTREACHED */
+            NOT_REACHED; /* NOTREACHED */
 
         case SKIP:  /*  (*SKIP)  */
-            if (scan->flags) {
+            if (!scan->flags) {
                 /* (*SKIP) : if we fail we cut here*/
                 ST.mark_name = NULL;
                 ST.mark_loc = locinput;
@@ -6796,7 +8399,7 @@ NULL
             } 
             no_final = 1; 
             sayNO;
-            assert(0); /* NOTREACHED */
+            NOT_REACHED; /* NOTREACHED */
 #undef ST
 
         case LNBREAK: /* \R */
@@ -6813,7 +8416,7 @@ NULL
 
         /* this is a point to jump to in order to increment
          * locinput by one character */
-        increment_locinput:
+          increment_locinput:
             assert(!NEXTCHR_IS_EOS);
             if (utf8_target) {
                 locinput += PL_utf8skip[nextchr];
@@ -6830,7 +8433,7 @@ NULL
         /* switch break jumps here */
        scan = next; /* prepare to execute the next op and ... */
        continue;    /* ... jump back to the top, reusing st */
-       assert(0); /* NOTREACHED */
+        /* NOTREACHED */
 
       push_yes_state:
        /* push a state that backtracks on success */
@@ -6847,13 +8450,13 @@ NULL
                regmatch_state *curyes = yes_state;
                int curd = depth;
                regmatch_slab *slab = PL_regmatch_slab;
-                for (;curd > -1;cur--,curd--) {
+                for (;curd > -1 && (depth-curd < 3);cur--,curd--) {
                     if (cur < SLAB_FIRST(slab)) {
                        slab = slab->prev;
                        cur = SLAB_LAST(slab);
                     }
-                    PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "%*s#%-3d %-10s %s\n",
-                        REPORT_CODE_OFF + 2 + depth * 2,"",
+                    Perl_re_exec_indentf( aTHX_ "#%-3d %-10s %s\n",
+                        depth,
                         curd, PL_reg_name[cur->resume_state],
                         (curyes == cur) ? "yes" : ""
                     );
@@ -6873,19 +8476,21 @@ NULL
            locinput = pushinput;
            st = newst;
            continue;
-           assert(0); /* NOTREACHED */
+            /* NOTREACHED */
        }
     }
+#ifdef SOLARIS_BAD_OPTIMIZER
+#  undef PL_charclass
+#endif
 
     /*
     * We get here only if there's trouble -- normally "case END" is
     * the terminating point.
     */
     Perl_croak(aTHX_ "corrupted regexp pointers");
-    /*NOTREACHED*/
-    sayNO;
+    NOT_REACHED; /* NOTREACHED */
 
-yes:
+  yes:
     if (yes_state) {
        /* we have successfully completed a subexpression, but we must now
         * pop to the state marked by yes_state and continue from there */
@@ -6927,7 +8532,7 @@ yes:
        goto reenter_switch;
     }
 
-    DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "%sMatch successful!%s\n",
+    DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_  "%sMatch successful!%s\n",
                          PL_colors[4], PL_colors[5]));
 
     if (reginfo->info_aux_eval) {
@@ -6946,15 +8551,14 @@ yes:
     result = 1;
     goto final_exit;
 
-no:
+  no:
     DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(
-       PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
-            "%*s  %sfailed...%s\n",
-            REPORT_CODE_OFF+depth*2, "", 
+        Perl_re_exec_indentf( aTHX_  "%sfailed...%s\n",
+            depth,
             PL_colors[4], PL_colors[5])
        );
 
-no_silent:
+  no_silent:
     if (no_final) {
         if (yes_state) {
             goto yes;
@@ -6978,6 +8582,7 @@ no_silent:
            yes_state = st->u.yes.prev_yes_state;
 
        state_num = st->resume_state + 1; /* failure = success + 1 */
+        PERL_ASYNC_CHECK();
        goto reenter_switch;
     }
     result = 0;
@@ -7035,7 +8640,7 @@ S_regrepeat(pTHX_ regexp *prog, char **startposp, const regnode *p,
     char *loceol = reginfo->strend;   /* local version */
     I32 hardcount = 0;  /* How many matches so far */
     bool utf8_target = reginfo->is_utf8_target;
-    int to_complement = 0;  /* Invert the result? */
+    unsigned int to_complement = 0;  /* Invert the result? */
     UV utf8_flags;
     _char_class_number classnum;
 #ifndef DEBUGGING
@@ -7095,16 +8700,12 @@ S_regrepeat(pTHX_ regexp *prog, char **startposp, const regnode *p,
        else
            scan = loceol;
        break;
-    case CANY:  /* Move <scan> forward <max> bytes, unless goes off end */
-        if (utf8_target && loceol - scan > max) {
-
-            /* <loceol> hadn't been adjusted in the UTF-8 case */
-            scan +=  max;
-        }
-        else {
-            scan = loceol;
+    case EXACTL:
+        _CHECK_AND_WARN_PROBLEMATIC_LOCALE;
+        if (utf8_target && UTF8_IS_ABOVE_LATIN1(*scan)) {
+            _CHECK_AND_OUTPUT_WIDE_LOCALE_UTF8_MSG(scan, loceol);
         }
-       break;
+        /* FALLTHROUGH */
     case EXACT:
         assert(STR_LEN(p) == reginfo->is_utf8_pat ? UTF8SKIP(STRING(p)) : 1);
 
@@ -7143,7 +8744,7 @@ S_regrepeat(pTHX_ regexp *prog, char **startposp, const regnode *p,
 
                 /* Target isn't utf8; convert the character in the UTF-8
                  * pattern to non-UTF8, and do a simple loop */
-                c = TWO_BYTE_UTF8_TO_NATIVE(c, *(STRING(p) + 1));
+                c = EIGHT_BIT_UTF8_TO_NATIVE(c, *(STRING(p) + 1));
                 while (scan < loceol && UCHARAT(scan) == c) {
                     scan++;
                 }
@@ -7178,6 +8779,7 @@ S_regrepeat(pTHX_ regexp *prog, char **startposp, const regnode *p,
        goto do_exactf;
 
     case EXACTFL:
+        _CHECK_AND_WARN_PROBLEMATIC_LOCALE;
        utf8_flags = FOLDEQ_LOCALE;
        goto do_exactf;
 
@@ -7186,11 +8788,19 @@ S_regrepeat(pTHX_ regexp *prog, char **startposp, const regnode *p,
         utf8_flags = 0;
         goto do_exactf;
 
+    case EXACTFLU8:
+        if (! utf8_target) {
+            break;
+        }
+        utf8_flags =  FOLDEQ_LOCALE | FOLDEQ_S2_ALREADY_FOLDED
+                                    | FOLDEQ_S2_FOLDS_SANE;
+        goto do_exactf;
+
     case EXACTFU_SS:
     case EXACTFU:
        utf8_flags = reginfo->is_utf8_pat ? FOLDEQ_S2_ALREADY_FOLDED : 0;
 
-    do_exactf: {
+      do_exactf: {
         int c1, c2;
         U8 c1_utf8[UTF8_MAXBYTES+1], c2_utf8[UTF8_MAXBYTES+1];
 
@@ -7249,6 +8859,14 @@ S_regrepeat(pTHX_ regexp *prog, char **startposp, const regnode *p,
        }
        break;
     }
+    case ANYOFL:
+        _CHECK_AND_WARN_PROBLEMATIC_LOCALE;
+
+        if (ANYOFL_UTF8_LOCALE_REQD(FLAGS(p)) && ! IN_UTF8_CTYPE_LOCALE) {
+            Perl_ck_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_LOCALE), utf8_locale_required);
+        }
+        /* FALLTHROUGH */
+    case ANYOFD:
     case ANYOF:
        if (utf8_target) {
            while (hardcount < max
@@ -7259,7 +8877,7 @@ S_regrepeat(pTHX_ regexp *prog, char **startposp, const regnode *p,
                hardcount++;
            }
        } else {
-           while (scan < loceol && REGINCLASS(prog, p, (U8*)scan))
+           while (scan < loceol && REGINCLASS(prog, p, (U8*)scan, 0))
                scan++;
        }
        break;
@@ -7271,6 +8889,7 @@ S_regrepeat(pTHX_ regexp *prog, char **startposp, const regnode *p,
         /* FALLTHROUGH */
 
     case POSIXL:
+        _CHECK_AND_WARN_PROBLEMATIC_LOCALE;
        if (! utf8_target) {
            while (scan < loceol && to_complement ^ cBOOL(isFOO_lc(FLAGS(p),
                                                                    *scan)))
@@ -7347,7 +8966,7 @@ S_regrepeat(pTHX_ regexp *prog, char **startposp, const regnode *p,
             }
        }
        else {
-      utf8_posix:
+          utf8_posix:
             classnum = (_char_class_number) FLAGS(p);
             if (classnum < _FIRST_NON_SWASH_CC) {
 
@@ -7369,7 +8988,7 @@ S_regrepeat(pTHX_ regexp *prog, char **startposp, const regnode *p,
                     }
                     else if (UTF8_IS_DOWNGRADEABLE_START(*scan)) {
                         if (! (to_complement
-                              ^ cBOOL(_generic_isCC(TWO_BYTE_UTF8_TO_NATIVE(*scan,
+                              ^ cBOOL(_generic_isCC(EIGHT_BIT_UTF8_TO_NATIVE(*scan,
                                                                      *(scan + 1)),
                                                     classnum))))
                         {
@@ -7390,11 +9009,7 @@ S_regrepeat(pTHX_ regexp *prog, char **startposp, const regnode *p,
                  * code is written for making the loops as tight as possible.
                  * It could be refactored to save space instead */
                 switch (classnum) {
-                    case _CC_ENUM_SPACE:    /* XXX would require separate code
-                                               if we revert the change of \v
-                                               matching this */
-                        /* FALLTHROUGH */
-                    case _CC_ENUM_PSXSPC:
+                    case _CC_ENUM_SPACE:
                         while (hardcount < max
                                && scan < loceol
                                && (to_complement ^ cBOOL(isSPACE_utf8(scan))))
@@ -7490,16 +9105,18 @@ S_regrepeat(pTHX_ regexp *prog, char **startposp, const regnode *p,
        }
        break;
 
+    case BOUNDL:
+    case NBOUNDL:
+        _CHECK_AND_WARN_PROBLEMATIC_LOCALE;
+        /* FALLTHROUGH */
     case BOUND:
     case BOUNDA:
-    case BOUNDL:
     case BOUNDU:
     case EOS:
     case GPOS:
     case KEEPS:
     case NBOUND:
     case NBOUNDA:
-    case NBOUNDL:
     case NBOUNDU:
     case OPFAIL:
     case SBOL:
@@ -7509,7 +9126,7 @@ S_regrepeat(pTHX_ regexp *prog, char **startposp, const regnode *p,
 
     default:
         Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: regrepeat() called with unrecognized node type %d='%s'", OP(p), PL_reg_name[OP(p)]);
-        assert(0); /* NOTREACHED */
+        NOT_REACHED; /* NOTREACHED */
 
     }
 
@@ -7523,10 +9140,9 @@ S_regrepeat(pTHX_ regexp *prog, char **startposp, const regnode *p,
        GET_RE_DEBUG_FLAGS_DECL;
        DEBUG_EXECUTE_r({
            SV * const prop = sv_newmortal();
-            regprop(prog, prop, p, reginfo);
-           PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
-                       "%*s  %s can match %"IVdf" times out of %"IVdf"...\n",
-                       REPORT_CODE_OFF + depth*2, "", SvPVX_const(prop),(IV)c,(IV)max);
+            regprop(prog, prop, p, reginfo, NULL);
+            Perl_re_exec_indentf( aTHX_  "%s can match %"IVdf" times out of %"IVdf"...\n",
+                        depth, SvPVX_const(prop),(IV)c,(IV)max);
        });
     });
 
@@ -7549,127 +9165,15 @@ Perl_regclass_swash(pTHX_ const regexp *prog, const regnode* node, bool doinit,
         *altsvp = NULL;
     }
 
-    return newSVsv(_get_regclass_nonbitmap_data(prog, node, doinit, listsvp, NULL));
+    return newSVsv(_get_regclass_nonbitmap_data(prog, node, doinit, listsvp, NULL, NULL));
 }
 
-SV *
-Perl__get_regclass_nonbitmap_data(pTHX_ const regexp *prog,
-                                        const regnode* node,
-                                        bool doinit,
-                                        SV** listsvp,
-                                        SV** only_utf8_locale_ptr)
-{
-    /* For internal core use only.
-     * Returns the swash for the input 'node' in the regex 'prog'.
-     * If <doinit> is 'true', will attempt to create the swash if not already
-     *   done.
-     * If <listsvp> is non-null, will return the printable contents of the
-     *    swash.  This can be used to get debugging information even before the
-     *    swash exists, by calling this function with 'doinit' set to false, in
-     *    which case the components that will be used to eventually create the
-     *    swash are returned  (in a printable form).
-     * Tied intimately to how regcomp.c sets up the data structure */
-
-    SV *sw  = NULL;
-    SV *si  = NULL;         /* Input swash initialization string */
-    SV*  invlist = NULL;
-
-    RXi_GET_DECL(prog,progi);
-    const struct reg_data * const data = prog ? progi->data : NULL;
-
-    PERL_ARGS_ASSERT__GET_REGCLASS_NONBITMAP_DATA;
-
-    assert(ANYOF_FLAGS(node)
-                        & (ANYOF_UTF8|ANYOF_NONBITMAP_NON_UTF8|ANYOF_LOC_FOLD));
-
-    if (data && data->count) {
-       const U32 n = ARG(node);
-
-       if (data->what[n] == 's') {
-           SV * const rv = MUTABLE_SV(data->data[n]);
-           AV * const av = MUTABLE_AV(SvRV(rv));
-           SV **const ary = AvARRAY(av);
-           U8 swash_init_flags = _CORE_SWASH_INIT_ACCEPT_INVLIST;
-       
-           si = *ary;  /* ary[0] = the string to initialize the swash with */
-
-           /* Elements 3 and 4 are either both present or both absent. [3] is
-            * any inversion list generated at compile time; [4] indicates if
-            * that inversion list has any user-defined properties in it. */
-            if (av_tindex(av) >= 2) {
-                if (only_utf8_locale_ptr
-                    && ary[2]
-                    && ary[2] != &PL_sv_undef)
-                {
-                    *only_utf8_locale_ptr = ary[2];
-                }
-                else {
-                    assert(only_utf8_locale_ptr);
-                    *only_utf8_locale_ptr = NULL;
-                }
-
-                if (av_tindex(av) >= 3) {
-                    invlist = ary[3];
-                    if (SvUV(ary[4])) {
-                        swash_init_flags |= _CORE_SWASH_INIT_USER_DEFINED_PROPERTY;
-                    }
-                }
-                else {
-                    invlist = NULL;
-                }
-           }
-
-           /* Element [1] is reserved for the set-up swash.  If already there,
-            * return it; if not, create it and store it there */
-           if (ary[1] && SvROK(ary[1])) {
-               sw = ary[1];
-           }
-           else if (doinit && ((si && si != &PL_sv_undef)
-                                 || (invlist && invlist != &PL_sv_undef))) {
-               assert(si);
-               sw = _core_swash_init("utf8", /* the utf8 package */
-                                     "", /* nameless */
-                                     si,
-                                     1, /* binary */
-                                     0, /* not from tr/// */
-                                     invlist,
-                                     &swash_init_flags);
-               (void)av_store(av, 1, sw);
-           }
-       }
-    }
-       
-    /* If requested, return a printable version of what this swash matches */
-    if (listsvp) {
-       SV* matches_string = newSVpvs("");
-
-        /* The swash should be used, if possible, to get the data, as it
-         * contains the resolved data.  But this function can be called at
-         * compile-time, before everything gets resolved, in which case we
-         * return the currently best available information, which is the string
-         * that will eventually be used to do that resolving, 'si' */
-       if ((! sw || (invlist = _get_swash_invlist(sw)) == NULL)
-            && (si && si != &PL_sv_undef))
-        {
-           sv_catsv(matches_string, si);
-       }
-
-       /* Add the inversion list to whatever we have.  This may have come from
-        * the swash, or from an input parameter */
-       if (invlist) {
-           sv_catsv(matches_string, _invlist_contents(invlist));
-       }
-       *listsvp = matches_string;
-    }
-
-    return sw;
-}
 #endif /* !defined(PERL_IN_XSUB_RE) || defined(PLUGGABLE_RE_EXTENSION) */
 
 /*
  - reginclass - determine if a character falls into a character class
  
-  n is the ANYOF regnode
+  n is the ANYOF-type regnode
   p is the target string
   p_end points to one byte beyond the end of the target string
   utf8_target tells whether p is in UTF-8.
@@ -7703,25 +9207,33 @@ S_reginclass(pTHX_ regexp * const prog, const regnode * const n, const U8* const
                 * UTF8_ALLOW_FFFF */
        if (c_len == (STRLEN)-1)
            Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Malformed UTF-8 character (fatal)");
+        if (c > 255 && OP(n) == ANYOFL && ! ANYOFL_UTF8_LOCALE_REQD(flags)) {
+            _CHECK_AND_OUTPUT_WIDE_LOCALE_CP_MSG(c);
+        }
     }
 
     /* If this character is potentially in the bitmap, check it */
-    if (c < 256) {
+    if (c < NUM_ANYOF_CODE_POINTS) {
        if (ANYOF_BITMAP_TEST(n, c))
            match = TRUE;
-       else if (flags & ANYOF_NON_UTF8_NON_ASCII_ALL
-               && ! utf8_target
-               && ! isASCII(c))
+       else if ((flags
+                & ANYOF_SHARED_d_MATCHES_ALL_NON_UTF8_NON_ASCII_non_d_WARN_SUPER)
+                  && OP(n) == ANYOFD
+                 && ! utf8_target
+                 && ! isASCII(c))
        {
            match = TRUE;
        }
        else if (flags & ANYOF_LOCALE_FLAGS) {
-           if (flags & ANYOF_LOC_FOLD) {
-                if (ANYOF_BITMAP_TEST(n, PL_fold_locale[c])) {
-                    match = TRUE;
-                }
+           if ((flags & ANYOFL_FOLD)
+                && c < 256
+               && ANYOF_BITMAP_TEST(n, PL_fold_locale[c]))
+            {
+                match = TRUE;
             }
-           if (! match && ANYOF_POSIXL_TEST_ANY_SET(n)) {
+            else if (ANYOF_POSIXL_TEST_ANY_SET(n)
+                     && c < 256
+            ) {
 
                 /* The data structure is arranged so bits 0, 2, 4, ... are set
                  * if the class includes the Posix character class given by
@@ -7774,18 +9286,36 @@ S_reginclass(pTHX_ regexp * const prog, const regnode * const n, const U8* const
     /* If the bitmap didn't (or couldn't) match, and something outside the
      * bitmap could match, try that. */
     if (!match) {
-       if (c >= 256 && (flags & ANYOF_ABOVE_LATIN1_ALL)) {
-           match = TRUE;       /* Everything above 255 matches */
+       if (c >= NUM_ANYOF_CODE_POINTS
+            && (flags & ANYOF_MATCHES_ALL_ABOVE_BITMAP))
+        {
+           match = TRUE;       /* Everything above the bitmap matches */
        }
-       else if ((flags & ANYOF_NONBITMAP_NON_UTF8)
-                 || (utf8_target && (flags & ANYOF_UTF8))
-                  || ((flags & ANYOF_LOC_FOLD)
-                       && IN_UTF8_CTYPE_LOCALE
-                       && ARG(n) != ANYOF_NONBITMAP_EMPTY))
+            /* Here doesn't match everything above the bitmap.  If there is
+             * some information available beyond the bitmap, we may find a
+             * match in it.  If so, this is most likely because the code point
+             * is outside the bitmap range.  But rarely, it could be because of
+             * some other reason.  If so, various flags are set to indicate
+             * this possibility.  On ANYOFD nodes, there may be matches that
+             * happen only when the target string is UTF-8; or for other node
+             * types, because runtime lookup is needed, regardless of the
+             * UTF-8ness of the target string.  Finally, under /il, there may
+             * be some matches only possible if the locale is a UTF-8 one. */
+       else if (    ARG(n) != ANYOF_ONLY_HAS_BITMAP
+                 && (   c >= NUM_ANYOF_CODE_POINTS
+                     || (   (flags & ANYOF_SHARED_d_UPPER_LATIN1_UTF8_STRING_MATCHES_non_d_RUNTIME_USER_PROP)
+                         && (   UNLIKELY(OP(n) != ANYOFD)
+                             || (utf8_target && ! isASCII_uni(c)
+#                               if NUM_ANYOF_CODE_POINTS > 256
+                                                                 && c < 256
+#                               endif
+                                )))
+                     || (   ANYOFL_SOME_FOLDS_ONLY_IN_UTF8_LOCALE(flags)
+                         && IN_UTF8_CTYPE_LOCALE)))
         {
             SV* only_utf8_locale = NULL;
            SV * const sw = _get_regclass_nonbitmap_data(prog, n, TRUE, 0,
-                                                            &only_utf8_locale);
+                                                       &only_utf8_locale, NULL);
            if (sw) {
                 U8 utf8_buffer[2];
                U8 * utf8_p;
@@ -7807,7 +9337,9 @@ S_reginclass(pTHX_ regexp * const prog, const regnode * const n, const U8* const
        }
 
         if (UNICODE_IS_SUPER(c)
-            && (flags & ANYOF_WARN_SUPER)
+            && (flags
+               & ANYOF_SHARED_d_MATCHES_ALL_NON_UTF8_NON_ASCII_non_d_WARN_SUPER)
+            && OP(n) != ANYOFD
             && ckWARN_d(WARN_NON_UNICODE))
         {
             Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_NON_UNICODE),
@@ -7846,6 +9378,9 @@ S_reghop3(U8 *s, SSize_t off, const U8* lim)
             if (UTF8_IS_CONTINUED(*s)) {
                 while (s > lim && UTF8_IS_CONTINUATION(*s))
                     s--;
+                if (! UTF8_IS_START(*s)) {
+                    Perl_croak_nocontext("Malformed UTF-8 character (fatal)");
+                }
            }
             /* XXX could check well-formedness here */
        }
@@ -7870,6 +9405,9 @@ S_reghop4(U8 *s, SSize_t off, const U8* llim, const U8* rlim)
             if (UTF8_IS_CONTINUED(*s)) {
                 while (s > llim && UTF8_IS_CONTINUATION(*s))
                     s--;
+                if (! UTF8_IS_START(*s)) {
+                    Perl_croak_nocontext("Malformed UTF-8 character (fatal)");
+                }
             }
             /* XXX could check well-formedness here */
         }
@@ -7881,7 +9419,7 @@ S_reghop4(U8 *s, SSize_t off, const U8* llim, const U8* rlim)
  * char pos */
 
 STATIC U8 *
-S_reghopmaybe3(U8* s, SSize_t off, const U8* lim)
+S_reghopmaybe3(U8* s, SSize_t off, const U8* const lim)
 {
     PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_REGHOPMAYBE3;
 
@@ -7899,6 +9437,9 @@ S_reghopmaybe3(U8* s, SSize_t off, const U8* lim)
             if (UTF8_IS_CONTINUED(*s)) {
                 while (s > lim && UTF8_IS_CONTINUATION(*s))
                     s--;
+                if (! UTF8_IS_START(*s)) {
+                    Perl_croak_nocontext("Malformed UTF-8 character (fatal)");
+                }
            }
             /* XXX could check well-formedness here */
        }
@@ -8120,11 +9661,5 @@ S_to_byte_substr(pTHX_ regexp *prog)
 }
 
 /*
- * Local variables:
- * c-indentation-style: bsd
- * c-basic-offset: 4
- * indent-tabs-mode: nil
- * End:
- *
  * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 et:
  */