=head2 Wildcard expansion
File specifications containing wildcards are allowed both on
-the command line and within Perl globs (e.g. <CE<lt>*.cE<gt>>). If
+the command line and within Perl globs (e.g. C<E<lt>*.cE<gt>>). If
the wildcard filespec uses VMS syntax, the resultant
filespecs will follow VMS syntax; if a Unix-style filespec is
passed in, Unix-style filespecs will be returned.
Perl for VMS supports redirection of input and output on the
command line, using a subset of Bourne shell syntax:
- <F<file> reads stdin from F<file>,
- >F<file> writes stdout to F<file>,
- >>F<file> appends stdout to F<file>,
- 2>F<file> writes stderr to F<file>, and
- 2>>F<file> appends stderr to F<file>.
+=over
+
+=item *
+
+C<E<lt>file> reads stdin from C<file>,
+
+=item *
+
+C<E<gt>file> writes stdout to C<file>,
+
+=item *
+
+C<E<gt>E<gt>file> appends stdout to C<file>,
+
+=item *
+
+C<2E<gt>file> writes stderr to C<file>, and
+
+=item *
+
+C<2E<gt>E<gt>file> appends stderr to C<file>.
+
+=back
In addition, output may be piped to a subprocess, using the
character '|'. Anything after this character on the command
and calling them produces a fatal error (usually) or
undefined behavior (rarely, we hope):
- chroot, dbmclose, dbmopen, fcntl, flock,
+ chroot, dbmclose, dbmopen, flock,
getpgrp, getppid, getpriority, getgrent, getgrgid,
getgrnam, setgrent, endgrent, ioctl, link, lstat,
msgctl, msgget, msgsend, msgrcv, readlink, semctl,
semget, semop, setpgrp, setpriority, shmctl, shmget,
shmread, shmwrite, socketpair, symlink, syscall
-The following functions are available on Perls compiled with Dec C 5.2 or
-greater and running VMS 7.0 or greater
+The following functions are available on Perls compiled with Dec C
+5.2 or greater and running VMS 7.0 or greater:
truncate
+The following functions are available on Perls built on VMS 7.2 or
+greater:
+
+ fcntl (without locking)
+
The following functions may or may not be implemented,
depending on what type of socket support you've built into
your copy of Perl:
C<unlink> will delete the highest version of a file only; in
order to delete all versions, you need to say
- 1 while (unlink LIST);
+ 1 while unlink LIST;
You may need to make this change to scripts written for a
Unix system which expect that after a call to C<unlink>,
If PID is a subprocess started by a piped C<open()> (see L<open>),
C<waitpid> will wait for that subprocess, and return its final
-status value. If PID is a subprocess created in some other way
-(e.g. SPAWNed before Perl was invoked), or is not a subprocess of
-the current process, C<waitpid> will check once per second whether
-the process has completed, and when it has, will return 0. (If PID
-specifies a process that isn't a subprocess of the current process,
-and you invoked Perl with the C<-w> switch, a warning will be issued.)
-
-The FLAGS argument is ignored in all cases.
+status value in C<$?>. If PID is a subprocess created in some other
+way (e.g. SPAWNed before Perl was invoked), or is not a subprocess
+of the current process, C<waitpid> will attempt to read from the
+process's termination mailbox, making the final status available in
+C<$?> when the process completes. If the process specified by PID
+has no termination mailbox, C<waitpid> will simply check once per
+second whether the process has completed, and return when it has.
+(If PID specifies a process that isn't a subprocess of the current
+process, and you invoked Perl with the C<-w> switch, a warning will
+be issued.)
+
+Returns PID on success, -1 on error. The FLAGS argument is ignored
+in all cases.
=back
=head1 Revision date
-This document was last updated on 7-Aug-2001, for Perl 5,
+This document was last updated on 2-Oct-2001, for Perl 5,
patchlevel 8.
=head1 AUTHOR