+=for maintainers
+Generated by perlmodlib.PL -- DO NOT EDIT!
+
=head1 NAME
perlmodlib - constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones
-=head1 DESCRIPTION
-
=head1 THE PERL MODULE LIBRARY
-Many modules are included the Perl distribution. These are described
+Many modules are included in the Perl distribution. These are described
below, and all end in F<.pm>. You may discover compiled library
-file (usually ending in F<.so>) or small pieces of modules to be
+files (usually ending in F<.so>) or small pieces of modules to be
autoloaded (ending in F<.al>); these were automatically generated
by the installation process. You may also discover files in the
library directory that end in either F<.pl> or F<.ph>. These are
=over 12
+=item assertions
+
+Select assertions in blocks of code
+
+=item assertions::activate
+
+Activate assertions
+
=item attributes
Get/set subroutine or variable attributes
Establish IS-A relationship with base class at compile time
+=item bigint
+
+Transparent BigInteger support for Perl
+
+=item bignum
+
+Transparent BigNumber support for Perl
+
+=item bigrat
+
+Transparent BigNumber/BigRational support for Perl
+
=item blib
Use MakeMaker's uninstalled version of a package
=item charnames
-Define character names for C<\N{named}> string literal escape.
+Define character names for C<\N{named}> string literal escapes
=item constant
=item diagnostics
-Perl compiler pragma to force verbose warning diagnostics
+Produce verbose warning diagnostics
+
+=item encoding
+
+Allows you to write your script in non-ascii or non-utf8
=item fields
Control the filetest permission operators
+=item if
+
+C<use> a Perl module if a condition holds
+
=item integer
-Compute arithmetic in integer instead of double
+Use integer arithmetic instead of floating point
=item less
Request less of something from the compiler
+=item lib
+
+Manipulate @INC at compile time
+
=item locale
Use and avoid POSIX locales for built-in operations
=item open
-Set default disciplines for input and output
+Set default PerlIO layers for input and output
=item ops
Package for overloading perl operations
-=item perlio
-
-Configure C level IO
-
=item re
Alter regular expression behaviour
Enable simple signal handling
+=item sort
+
+Control sort() behaviour
+
=item strict
Restrict unsafe constructs
Predeclare sub names
+=item threads
+
+Perl extension allowing use of interpreter based threads from perl
+
+=item threads::shared
+
+Perl extension for sharing data structures between threads
+
=item utf8
-Enable/disable UTF-8 in source code
+Enable/disable UTF-8 (or UTF-EBCDIC) in source code
=item vars
Predeclare global variable names (obsolete)
+=item version
+
+Perl extension for Version Objects
+
+=item vmsish
+
+Control VMS-specific language features
+
=item warnings
Control optional warnings
manner with respect to namespace pollution because they use the
Exporter module. See their own documentation for details.
+It's possible that not all modules listed below are installed on your
+system. For example, the GDBM_File module will not be installed if you
+don't have the gdbm library.
+
=over 12
=item AnyDBM_File
Provide framework for multiple DBMs
+=item Attribute::Handlers
+
+Simpler definition of attribute handlers
+
=item AutoLoader
Load subroutines only on demand
Perl compiler's optimized C translation backend
+=item B::Concise
+
+Walk Perl syntax tree, printing concise info about ops
+
=item B::Debug
Walk Perl syntax tree, printing debug info about ops
Backward compatibility module for defunct CGI::Switch
+=item CGI::Util
+
+Internal utilities used by CGI module
+
=item CPAN
Query, download and build perl modules from CPAN sites
Warn of errors (from perspective of caller)
+=item Carp::Heavy
+
+No user serviceable parts inside
+
+=item Class::ISA
+
+Report the search path for a class's ISA tree
+
=item Class::Struct
Declare struct-like datatypes as Perl classes
+=item Config
+
+Access Perl configuration information
+
=item Cwd
Get pathname of current working directory
Perl5 access to Berkeley DB version 1.x
+=item Data::Dumper
+
+Stringified perl data structures, suitable for both printing and C<eval>
+
+=item Devel::DProf
+
+A Perl code profiler
+
+=item Devel::PPPort
+
+Perl/Pollution/Portability
+
+=item Devel::Peek
+
+A data debugging tool for the XS programmer
+
=item Devel::SelfStubber
Generate stubs for a SelfLoading module
+=item Digest
+
+Modules that calculate message digests
+
+=item Digest::MD5
+
+Perl interface to the MD5 Algorithm
+
+=item Digest::base
+
+Digest base class
+
=item DirHandle
Supply object methods for directory handles
Provides screen dump of Perl data.
+=item DynaLoader
+
+Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code
+
=item Encode
Character encodings
+=item Encode::Alias
+
+Alias definitions to encodings
+
+=item Encode::Byte
+
+Single Byte Encodings
+
+=item Encode::CJKConstants
+
+Internally used by Encode::??::ISO_2022_*
+
+=item Encode::CN
+
+China-based Chinese Encodings
+
+=item Encode::CN::HZ
+
+Internally used by Encode::CN
+
+=item Encode::Config
+
+Internally used by Encode
+
+=item Encode::EBCDIC
+
+EBCDIC Encodings
+
+=item Encode::Encoder
+
+Object Oriented Encoder
+
+=item Encode::Encoding
+
+Encode Implementation Base Class
+
+=item Encode::Guess
+
+Guesses encoding from data
+
+=item Encode::JP
+
+Japanese Encodings
+
+=item Encode::JP::H2Z
+
+Internally used by Encode::JP::2022_JP*
+
+=item Encode::JP::JIS7
+
+Internally used by Encode::JP
+
+=item Encode::KR
+
+Korean Encodings
+
+=item Encode::KR::2022_KR
+
+Internally used by Encode::KR
+
+=item Encode::MIME::Header
+
+MIME 'B' and 'Q' header encoding
+
+=item Encode::PerlIO
+
+A detailed document on Encode and PerlIO
+
+=item Encode::Supported
+
+Encodings supported by Encode
+
+=item Encode::Symbol
+
+Symbol Encodings
+
+=item Encode::TW
+
+Taiwan-based Chinese Encodings
+
+=item Encode::Unicode
+
+Various Unicode Transformation Formats
+
+=item Encode::Unicode::UTF7
+
+UTF-7 encoding
+
=item English
Use nice English (or awk) names for ugly punctuation variables
Perl module that imports environment variables as scalars or arrays
+=item Errno
+
+System errno constants
+
=item Exporter
Implements default import method for modules
Utilities to replace common UNIX commands in Makefiles etc.
+=item ExtUtils::Command::MM
+
+Commands for the MM's to use in Makefiles
+
+=item ExtUtils::Constant
+
+Generate XS code to import C header constants
+
=item ExtUtils::Embed
Utilities for embedding Perl in C/C++ applications
Determine libraries to use and how to use them
+=item ExtUtils::MM
+
+OS adjusted ExtUtils::MakeMaker subclass
+
+=item ExtUtils::MM_Any
+
+Platform-agnostic MM methods
+
+=item ExtUtils::MM_BeOS
+
+Methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker
+
=item ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin
Methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker
+=item ExtUtils::MM_DOS
+
+DOS specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix
+
+=item ExtUtils::MM_MacOS
+
+Methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker
+
+=item ExtUtils::MM_NW5
+
+Methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker
+
=item ExtUtils::MM_OS2
Methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker
+=item ExtUtils::MM_UWIN
+
+U/WIN specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix
+
=item ExtUtils::MM_Unix
Methods used by ExtUtils::MakeMaker
Methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker
+=item ExtUtils::MM_Win95
+
+Method to customize MakeMaker for Win9X
+
+=item ExtUtils::MY
+
+ExtUtils::MakeMaker subclass for customization
+
=item ExtUtils::MakeMaker
-Create an extension Makefile
+Create a module Makefile
+
+=item ExtUtils::MakeMaker::FAQ
+
+Frequently Asked Questions About MakeMaker
+
+=item ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Tutorial
+
+Writing a module with MakeMaker
+
+=item ExtUtils::MakeMaker::bytes
+
+Version-agnostic bytes.pm
+
+=item ExtUtils::MakeMaker::vmsish
+
+Platform-agnostic vmsish.pm
=item ExtUtils::Manifest
=item File::Find
-Traverse a file tree
+Traverse a directory tree.
+
+=item File::Glob
+
+Perl extension for BSD glob routine
=item File::Path
Portably perform operations on file names
+=item File::Spec::Cygwin
+
+Methods for Cygwin file specs
+
=item File::Spec::Epoc
Methods for Epoc file specs
=item File::Spec::Mac
-File::Spec for MacOS
+File::Spec for Mac OS (Classic)
=item File::Spec::OS2
=item File::Spec::Unix
-Methods used by File::Spec
+File::Spec for Unix, base for other File::Spec modules
=item File::Spec::VMS
Simplified source filtering
+=item Filter::Util::Call
+
+Perl Source Filter Utility Module
+
=item FindBin
Locate directory of original perl script
+=item GDBM_File
+
+Perl5 access to the gdbm library.
+
=item Getopt::Long
Extended processing of command line options
Process single-character switches with switch clustering
+=item Hash::Util
+
+A selection of general-utility hash subroutines
+
=item I18N::Collate
Compare 8-bit scalar data according to the current locale
-=item IO
+=item I18N::LangTags
-Load various IO modules
+Functions for dealing with RFC3066-style language tags
-=item IPC::Open2
+=item I18N::LangTags::List
-Open a process for both reading and writing
+Tags and names for human languages
-=item IPC::Open3
+=item I18N::Langinfo
-Open a process for reading, writing, and error handling
+Query locale information
-=item Math::BigFloat
+=item IO
-Arbitrary length float math package
+Load various IO modules
-=item Math::BigInt
+=item IO::Dir
-Arbitrary size integer math package
+Supply object methods for directory handles
-=item Math::Complex
+=item IO::File
-Complex numbers and associated mathematical functions
+Supply object methods for filehandles
-=item Math::Trig
+=item IO::Handle
-Trigonometric functions
+Supply object methods for I/O handles
-=item NDBM_File
+=item IO::Pipe
-Tied access to ndbm files
+Supply object methods for pipes
-=item Net::Ping
+=item IO::Poll
-Check a remote host for reachability
+Object interface to system poll call
-=item Net::hostent
+=item IO::Seekable
-By-name interface to Perl's built-in gethost*() functions
+Supply seek based methods for I/O objects
-=item Net::netent
+=item IO::Select
-By-name interface to Perl's built-in getnet*() functions
+OO interface to the select system call
-=item Net::protoent
+=item IO::Socket
-By-name interface to Perl's built-in getproto*() functions
+Object interface to socket communications
-=item Net::servent
+=item IO::Socket::INET
-By-name interface to Perl's built-in getserv*() functions
+Object interface for AF_INET domain sockets
-=item O
+=item IO::Socket::UNIX
-Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends
+Object interface for AF_UNIX domain sockets
-=item ODBM_File
+=item IPC::Open2
-Tied access to odbm files
+Open a process for both reading and writing
-=item Opcode
+=item IPC::Open3
-Disable named opcodes when compiling perl code
+Open a process for reading, writing, and error handling
-=item Pod::Checker
+=item IPC::SysV
-Check pod documents for syntax errors
+SysV IPC constants
-=item Pod::Find
+=item IPC::SysV::Msg
-Find POD documents in directory trees
+SysV Msg IPC object class
-=item Pod::Html
+=item IPC::SysV::Semaphore
-Module to convert pod files to HTML
+SysV Semaphore IPC object class
-=item Pod::InputObjects
+=item List::Util
-Objects representing POD input paragraphs, commands, etc.
+A selection of general-utility list subroutines
-=item Pod::LaTeX
+=item Locale::Constants
-Convert Pod data to formatted Latex
+Constants for Locale codes
-=item Pod::Man
+=item Locale::Country
-Convert POD data to formatted *roff input
+ISO codes for country identification (ISO 3166)
-=item Pod::ParseUtils
+=item Locale::Currency
-Helpers for POD parsing and conversion
+ISO three letter codes for currency identification (ISO 4217)
-=item Pod::Parser
+=item Locale::Language
-Base class for creating POD filters and translators
+ISO two letter codes for language identification (ISO 639)
-=item Pod::Plainer
+=item Locale::Maketext
-Perl extension for converting Pod to old style Pod.
+Framework for localization
-=item Pod::Select
+=item Locale::Maketext::TPJ13
-Extract selected sections of POD from input
+Article about software localization
-=item Pod::Text
+=item Locale::Script
-Convert POD data to formatted ASCII text
+ISO codes for script identification (ISO 15924)
-=item Pod::Text::Color
+=item MIME::Base64
-Convert POD data to formatted color ASCII text
+Encoding and decoding of base64 strings
-=item Pod::Text::Termcap
+=item MIME::Base64::QuotedPrint
-Convert POD data to ASCII text with format escapes
+Encoding and decoding of quoted-printable strings
-=item Pod::Usage
+=item Math::BigFloat
-Print a usage message from embedded pod documentation
+Arbitrary size floating point math package
-=item SDBM_File
+=item Math::BigInt
-Tied access to sdbm files
+Arbitrary size integer math package
-=item Safe
+=item Math::BigInt::Calc
-Compile and execute code in restricted compartments
+Pure Perl module to support Math::BigInt
-=item Search::Dict
+=item Math::BigRat
-Search for key in dictionary file
+Arbitrarily big rationals
-=item SelectSaver
+=item Math::Complex
-Save and restore selected file handle
+Complex numbers and associated mathematical functions
-=item SelfLoader
+=item Math::Trig
-Load functions only on demand
+Trigonometric functions
-=item Shell
+=item Memoize
-Run shell commands transparently within perl
+Make functions faster by trading space for time
-=item Socket
+=item Memoize::AnyDBM_File
-Load the C socket.h defines and structure manipulators
+Glue to provide EXISTS for AnyDBM_File for Storable use
-=item Storable
+=item Memoize::Expire
-Persistency for perl data structures
+Plug-in module for automatic expiration of memoized values
-=item Symbol
+=item Memoize::ExpireFile
-Manipulate Perl symbols and their names
+Test for Memoize expiration semantics
-=item Term::ANSIColor
+=item Memoize::ExpireTest
-Color screen output using ANSI escape sequences
+Test for Memoize expiration semantics
-=item Term::Cap
+=item Memoize::NDBM_File
-Perl termcap interface
+Glue to provide EXISTS for NDBM_File for Storable use
-=item Term::Complete
+=item Memoize::SDBM_File
-Perl word completion module
+Glue to provide EXISTS for SDBM_File for Storable use
-=item Term::ReadLine
+=item Memoize::Storable
-Perl interface to various C<readline> packages. If
+Store Memoized data in Storable database
-=item Test
+=item NDBM_File
-Provides a simple framework for writing test scripts
+Tied access to ndbm files
-=item Test::Harness
+=item NEXT
-Run perl standard test scripts with statistics
+Provide a pseudo-class NEXT (et al) that allows method redispatch
-=item Text::Abbrev
+=item Net::Cmd
-Create an abbreviation table from a list
+Network Command class (as used by FTP, SMTP etc)
-=item Text::ParseWords
+=item Net::Config
-Parse text into an array of tokens or array of arrays
+Local configuration data for libnet
-=item Text::Soundex
+=item Net::Domain
+
+Attempt to evaluate the current host's internet name and domain
+
+=item Net::FTP
+
+FTP Client class
+
+=item Net::NNTP
+
+NNTP Client class
+
+=item Net::Netrc
+
+OO interface to users netrc file
+
+=item Net::POP3
+
+Post Office Protocol 3 Client class (RFC1939)
+
+=item Net::Ping
+
+Check a remote host for reachability
+
+=item Net::SMTP
+
+Simple Mail Transfer Protocol Client
+
+=item Net::Time
+
+Time and daytime network client interface
+
+=item Net::hostent
+
+By-name interface to Perl's built-in gethost*() functions
+
+=item Net::libnetFAQ
+
+Libnet Frequently Asked Questions
+
+=item Net::netent
+
+By-name interface to Perl's built-in getnet*() functions
+
+=item Net::protoent
+
+By-name interface to Perl's built-in getproto*() functions
+
+=item Net::servent
+
+By-name interface to Perl's built-in getserv*() functions
+
+=item O
+
+Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends
+
+=item ODBM_File
+
+Tied access to odbm files
+
+=item Opcode
+
+Disable named opcodes when compiling perl code
+
+=item POSIX
+
+Perl interface to IEEE Std 1003.1
+
+=item PerlIO
+
+On demand loader for PerlIO layers and root of PerlIO::* name space
+
+=item PerlIO::encoding
+
+Encoding layer
+
+=item PerlIO::scalar
+
+In-memory IO, scalar IO
+
+=item PerlIO::via
+
+Helper class for PerlIO layers implemented in perl
+
+=item PerlIO::via::QuotedPrint
+
+PerlIO layer for quoted-printable strings
+
+=item Pod::Checker
+
+Check pod documents for syntax errors
+
+=item Pod::Find
+
+Find POD documents in directory trees
+
+=item Pod::Functions
+
+Group Perl's functions a la perlfunc.pod
+
+=item Pod::Html
+
+Module to convert pod files to HTML
+
+=item Pod::InputObjects
+
+Objects representing POD input paragraphs, commands, etc.
+
+=item Pod::LaTeX
+
+Convert Pod data to formatted Latex
+
+=item Pod::Man
+
+Convert POD data to formatted *roff input
+
+=item Pod::ParseLink
+
+Parse an LE<lt>E<gt> formatting code in POD text
+
+=item Pod::ParseUtils
+
+Helpers for POD parsing and conversion
+
+=item Pod::Parser
+
+Base class for creating POD filters and translators
+
+=item Pod::Perldoc::ToChecker
+
+Let Perldoc check Pod for errors
+
+=item Pod::Perldoc::ToMan
+
+Let Perldoc render Pod as man pages
+
+=item Pod::Perldoc::ToNroff
+
+Let Perldoc convert Pod to nroff
+
+=item Pod::Perldoc::ToPod
+
+Let Perldoc render Pod as ... Pod!
+
+=item Pod::Perldoc::ToRtf
+
+Let Perldoc render Pod as RTF
+
+=item Pod::Perldoc::ToText
+
+Let Perldoc render Pod as plaintext
+
+=item Pod::Perldoc::ToTk
+
+Let Perldoc use Tk::Pod to render Pod
+
+=item Pod::Perldoc::ToXml
+
+Let Perldoc render Pod as XML
+
+=item Pod::PlainText
+
+Convert POD data to formatted ASCII text
+
+=item Pod::Plainer
+
+Perl extension for converting Pod to old style Pod.
+
+=item Pod::Select
+
+Extract selected sections of POD from input
+
+=item Pod::Text
+
+Convert POD data to formatted ASCII text
+
+=item Pod::Text::Color
+
+Convert POD data to formatted color ASCII text
+
+=item Pod::Text::Overstrike
+
+Convert POD data to formatted overstrike text
+
+=item Pod::Text::Termcap
+
+Convert POD data to ASCII text with format escapes
+
+=item Pod::Usage
+
+Print a usage message from embedded pod documentation
+
+=item SDBM_File
+
+Tied access to sdbm files
+
+=item Safe
+
+Compile and execute code in restricted compartments
+
+=item Scalar::Util
+
+A selection of general-utility scalar subroutines
+
+=item Search::Dict
+
+Search for key in dictionary file
+
+=item SelectSaver
+
+Save and restore selected file handle
+
+=item SelfLoader
+
+Load functions only on demand
+
+=item Shell
+
+Run shell commands transparently within perl
+
+=item Socket
+
+Load the C socket.h defines and structure manipulators
+
+=item Storable
+
+Persistence for Perl data structures
+
+=item Switch
+
+A switch statement for Perl
+
+=item Symbol
+
+Manipulate Perl symbols and their names
+
+=item Sys::Hostname
+
+Try every conceivable way to get hostname
+
+=item Sys::Syslog
+
+Perl interface to the UNIX syslog(3) calls
+
+=item Term::ANSIColor
+
+Color screen output using ANSI escape sequences
+
+=item Term::Cap
+
+Perl termcap interface
+
+=item Term::Complete
+
+Perl word completion module
+
+=item Term::ReadLine
+
+Perl interface to various C<readline> packages.
+
+=item Test
+
+Provides a simple framework for writing test scripts
+
+=item Test::Builder
+
+Backend for building test libraries
+
+=item Test::Harness
+
+Run Perl standard test scripts with statistics
+
+=item Test::Harness::Assert
+
+Simple assert
+
+=item Test::Harness::Iterator
+
+Internal Test::Harness Iterator
+
+=item Test::Harness::Straps
+
+Detailed analysis of test results
+
+=item Test::More
+
+Yet another framework for writing test scripts
+
+=item Test::Simple
+
+Basic utilities for writing tests.
+
+=item Test::Tutorial
+
+A tutorial about writing really basic tests
+
+=item Text::Abbrev
+
+Create an abbreviation table from a list
+
+=item Text::Balanced
+
+Extract delimited text sequences from strings.
+
+=item Text::ParseWords
+
+Parse text into an array of tokens or array of arrays
+
+=item Text::Soundex
Implementation of the Soundex Algorithm as Described by Knuth
+=item Text::Tabs
+
+Expand and unexpand tabs per the unix expand(1) and unexpand(1)
+
=item Text::Wrap
Line wrapping to form simple paragraphs
+=item Thread
+
+Manipulate threads in Perl (for old code only)
+
+=item Thread::Queue
+
+Thread-safe queues
+
+=item Thread::Semaphore
+
+Thread-safe semaphores
+
+=item Thread::Signal
+
+Start a thread which runs signal handlers reliably (for old code)
+
+=item Thread::Specific
+
+Thread-specific keys
+
=item Tie::Array
Base class for tied arrays
+=item Tie::File
+
+Access the lines of a disk file via a Perl array
+
=item Tie::Handle
Base class definitions for tied handles
Base class definitions for tied hashes
+=item Tie::Memoize
+
+Add data to hash when needed
+
=item Tie::RefHash
Use references as hash keys
Fixed-table-size, fixed-key-length hashing
+=item Time::HiRes
+
+High resolution alarm, sleep, gettimeofday, interval timers
+
=item Time::Local
Efficiently compute time from local and GMT time
Base class for ALL classes (blessed references)
+=item Unicode::Collate
+
+Unicode Collation Algorithm
+
+=item Unicode::Normalize
+
+Unicode Normalization Forms
+
+=item Unicode::UCD
+
+Unicode character database
+
=item User::grent
By-name interface to Perl's built-in getgr*() functions
By-name interface to Perl's built-in getpw*() functions
+=item Win32
+
+Interfaces to some Win32 API Functions
+
+=item XS::APItest
+
+Test the perl C API
+
+=item XS::Typemap
+
+Module to test the XS typemaps distributed with perl
+
+=item XSLoader
+
+Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code
+
=back
To find out I<all> modules installed on your system, including
those without documentation or outside the standard release,
-just do this:
+just use the following command (under the default win32 shell,
+double quotes should be used instead of single quotes).
- % find `perl -e 'print "@INC"'` -name '*.pm' -print
+ % perl -MFile::Find=find -MFile::Spec::Functions -Tlwe \
+ 'find { wanted => sub { print canonpath $_ if /\.pm\z/ },
+ no_chdir => 1 }, @INC'
+(The -T is here to prevent '.' from being listed in @INC.)
They should all have their own documentation installed and accessible
via your system man(1) command. If you do not have a B<find>
program, you can use the Perl B<find2perl> program instead, which
to fix your manpath. See L<perl> for details. If you have no
system B<man> command, you might try the B<perldoc> program.
+Note also that the command C<perldoc perllocal> gives you a (possibly
+incomplete) list of the modules that have been further installed on
+your system. (The perllocal.pod file is updated by the standard MakeMaker
+install process.)
+
=head2 Extension Modules
Extension modules are written in C (or a mix of Perl and C). They
are usually dynamically loaded into Perl if and when you need them,
-but may also be be linked in statically. Supported extension modules
+but may also be linked in statically. Supported extension modules
include Socket, Fcntl, and POSIX.
Many popular C extension modules do not come bundled (at least, not
for adequate testing and configuration across the multitude of
platforms on which Perl was beta-tested. You are encouraged to
look for them on CPAN (described below), or using web search engines
-like Alta Vista or Deja News.
+like Alta Vista or Google.
=head1 CPAN
replicated trove of Perl materials, including documentation, style
guides, tricks and traps, alternate ports to non-Unix systems and
occasional binary distributions for these. Search engines for
-CPAN can be found at http://cpan.perl.com/ and at
-http://theory.uwinnipeg.ca/mod_perl/cpan-search.pl .
+CPAN can be found at http://www.cpan.org/
Most importantly, CPAN includes around a thousand unbundled modules,
some of which require a C compiler to build. Major categories of
=over
=item *
+
Language Extensions and Documentation Tools
=item *
+
Development Support
=item *
+
Operating System Interfaces
=item *
+
Networking, Device Control (modems) and InterProcess Communication
=item *
+
Data Types and Data Type Utilities
=item *
+
Database Interfaces
=item *
+
User Interfaces
=item *
+
Interfaces to / Emulations of Other Programming Languages
=item *
+
File Names, File Systems and File Locking (see also File Handles)
=item *
+
String Processing, Language Text Processing, Parsing, and Searching
=item *
+
Option, Argument, Parameter, and Configuration File Processing
=item *
+
Internationalization and Locale
=item *
+
Authentication, Security, and Encryption
=item *
+
World Wide Web, HTML, HTTP, CGI, MIME
=item *
+
Server and Daemon Utilities
=item *
+
Archiving and Compression
=item *
+
Images, Pixmap and Bitmap Manipulation, Drawing, and Graphing
=item *
+
Mail and Usenet News
=item *
+
Control Flow Utilities (callbacks and exceptions etc)
=item *
+
File Handle and Input/Output Stream Utilities
=item *
+
Miscellaneous Modules
=back
-Registered CPAN sites as of this writing include the following.
-You should try to choose one close to you:
+The list of the registered CPAN sites as of this writing follows.
+Please note that the sorting order is alphabetical on fields:
-=over
+Continent
+ |
+ |-->Country
+ |
+ |-->[state/province]
+ |
+ |-->ftp
+ |
+ |-->[http]
+
+and thus the North American servers happen to be listed between the
+European and the South American sites.
+
+You should try to choose one close to you.
+
+=head2 Africa
+
+=over 4
+
+=item South Africa
+
+ http://ftp.rucus.ru.ac.za/pub/perl/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.rucus.ru.ac.za/pub/perl/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.is.co.za/programming/perl/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.saix.net/pub/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.sun.ac.za/CPAN/CPAN/
+
+=back
+
+=head2 Asia
+
+=over 4
+
+=item China
+
+ http://cpan.linuxforum.net/
+ http://cpan.shellhung.org/
+ ftp://ftp.shellhung.org/pub/CPAN
+ ftp://mirrors.hknet.com/CPAN
-=item Africa
-
- South Africa ftp://ftp.is.co.za/programming/perl/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.saix.net/pub/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.sun.ac.za/CPAN/
- ftp://ftpza.co.za/pub/mirrors/cpan/
-
-
-=item Asia
-
- China ftp://freesoft.cei.gov.cn/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/
- Hong Kong ftp://ftp.pacific.net.hk/pub/mirror/CPAN/
- Indonesia ftp://malone.piksi.itb.ac.id/pub/CPAN/
- Israel ftp://bioinfo.weizmann.ac.il/pub/software/perl/CPAN/
- Japan ftp://ftp.dti.ad.jp/pub/lang/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.jaist.ac.jp/pub/lang/perl/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.lab.kdd.co.jp/lang/perl/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.meisei-u.ac.jp/pub/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.ring.gr.jp/pub/lang/perl/CPAN/
- ftp://mirror.nucba.ac.jp/mirror/Perl/
- Saudi-Arabia ftp://ftp.isu.net.sa/pub/CPAN/
- Singapore ftp://ftp.nus.edu.sg/pub/unix/perl/CPAN/
- South Korea ftp://ftp.bora.net/pub/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.kornet.net/pub/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.nuri.net/pub/CPAN/
- Taiwan ftp://coda.nctu.edu.tw/computer-languages/perl/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.ee.ncku.edu.tw/pub3/perl/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp1.sinica.edu.tw/pub1/perl/CPAN/
- Thailand ftp://ftp.nectec.or.th/pub/mirrors/CPAN/
-
-
-=item Australasia
-
- Australia ftp://cpan.topend.com.au/pub/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.labyrinth.net.au/pub/perl-CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.sage-au.org.au/pub/compilers/perl/CPAN/
- ftp://mirror.aarnet.edu.au/pub/perl/CPAN/
- New Zealand ftp://ftp.auckland.ac.nz/pub/perl/CPAN/
- ftp://sunsite.net.nz/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/
-
-
-=item Central America
-
- Costa Rica ftp://ftp.ucr.ac.cr/pub/Unix/CPAN/
-
-
-=item Europe
-
- Austria ftp://ftp.tuwien.ac.at/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/
- Belgium ftp://ftp.kulnet.kuleuven.ac.be/pub/mirror/CPAN/
- Bulgaria ftp://ftp.ntrl.net/pub/mirrors/CPAN/
- Croatia ftp://ftp.linux.hr/pub/CPAN/
- Czech Republic ftp://ftp.fi.muni.cz/pub/perl/
- ftp://sunsite.mff.cuni.cz/Languages/Perl/CPAN/
- Denmark ftp://sunsite.auc.dk/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/
- Estonia ftp://ftp.ut.ee/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/
- Finland ftp://ftp.funet.fi/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/
- France ftp://ftp.grolier.fr/pub/perl/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/perl/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.oleane.net/pub/mirrors/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.pasteur.fr/pub/computing/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.uvsq.fr/pub/perl/CPAN/
- German ftp://ftp.gigabell.net/pub/CPAN/
- Germany ftp://ftp.archive.de.uu.net/pub/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.freenet.de/pub/ftp.cpan.org/pub/
- ftp://ftp.gmd.de/packages/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.gwdg.de/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/
-
-ftp://ftp.leo.org/pub/comp/general/programming/languages/script/perl/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.mpi-sb.mpg.de/pub/perl/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.rz.ruhr-uni-bochum.de/pub/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.uni-erlangen.de/pub/source/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.uni-hamburg.de/pub/soft/lang/perl/CPAN/
- Germany ftp://ftp.archive.de.uu.net/pub/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.freenet.de/pub/ftp.cpan.org/pub/
- ftp://ftp.gmd.de/packages/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.gwdg.de/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/
-
-ftp://ftp.leo.org/pub/comp/general/programming/languages/script/perl/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.mpi-sb.mpg.de/pub/perl/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.rz.ruhr-uni-bochum.de/pub/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.uni-erlangen.de/pub/source/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.uni-hamburg.de/pub/soft/lang/perl/CPAN/
- Greece ftp://ftp.ntua.gr/pub/lang/perl/
- Hungary ftp://ftp.kfki.hu/pub/packages/perl/CPAN/
- Iceland ftp://ftp.gm.is/pub/CPAN/
- Ireland ftp://cpan.indigo.ie/pub/CPAN/
- ftp://sunsite.compapp.dcu.ie/pub/perl/
- Italy ftp://cis.uniRoma2.it/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.flashnet.it/pub/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.unina.it/pub/Other/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.unipi.it/pub/mirror/perl/CPAN/
- Netherlands ftp://ftp.cs.uu.nl/mirror/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.nluug.nl/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/
- Norway ftp://ftp.uit.no/pub/languages/perl/cpan/
- ftp://sunsite.uio.no/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/
- Poland ftp://ftp.man.torun.pl/pub/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.pk.edu.pl/pub/lang/perl/CPAN/
- ftp://sunsite.icm.edu.pl/pub/CPAN/
- Portugal ftp://ftp.ci.uminho.pt/pub/mirrors/cpan/
- ftp://ftp.ist.utl.pt/pub/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.ua.pt/pub/CPAN/
- Romania ftp://ftp.dnttm.ro/pub/CPAN/
- Russia ftp://ftp.chg.ru/pub/lang/perl/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.sai.msu.su/pub/lang/perl/CPAN/
- Slovakia ftp://ftp.entry.sk/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/
- Slovenia ftp://ftp.arnes.si/software/perl/CPAN/
- Spain ftp://ftp.etse.urv.es/pub/perl/
- ftp://ftp.rediris.es/mirror/CPAN/
- Sweden ftp://ftp.sunet.se/pub/lang/perl/CPAN/
- Switzerland ftp://sunsite.cnlab-switch.ch/mirror/CPAN/
- Turkey ftp://sunsite.bilkent.edu.tr/pub/languages/CPAN/
- United Kingdom ftp://ftp.demon.co.uk/pub/mirrors/perl/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.flirble.org/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/
-
-ftp://ftp.mirror.ac.uk/sites/ftp.funet.fi/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.plig.org/pub/CPAN/
- ftp://sunsite.doc.ic.ac.uk/packages/CPAN/
-
-
-=item North America
-
- Alberta ftp://sunsite.ualberta.ca/pub/Mirror/CPAN/
- California ftp://cpan.nas.nasa.gov/pub/perl/CPAN/
- ftp://cpan.valueclick.com/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.cdrom.com/pub/perl/CPAN/
- http://download.sourceforge.net/mirrors/CPAN/
- Colorado ftp://ftp.cs.colorado.edu/pub/perl/CPAN/
- Florida ftp://ftp.cise.ufl.edu/pub/perl/CPAN/
- Georgia ftp://ftp.twoguys.org/CPAN/
- Illinois ftp://uiarchive.uiuc.edu/pub/lang/perl/CPAN/
- Indiana ftp://csociety-ftp.ecn.purdue.edu/pub/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.uwsg.indiana.edu/pub/perl/CPAN/
- Kentucky ftp://ftp.uky.edu/CPAN/
- Manitoba ftp://theoryx5.uwinnipeg.ca/pub/CPAN/
- Massachusetts
-ftp://ftp.ccs.neu.edu/net/mirrors/ftp.funet.fi/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.iguide.com/pub/mirrors/packages/perl/CPAN/
- Mexico ftp://ftp.msg.com.mx/pub/CPAN/
- New York ftp://ftp.deao.net/pub/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.rge.com/pub/languages/perl/
- North Carolina ftp://ftp.duke.edu/pub/perl/
- Nova Scotia ftp://cpan.chebucto.ns.ca/pub/CPAN/
- Oklahoma ftp://ftp.ou.edu/mirrors/CPAN/
- Ontario ftp://ftp.crc.ca/pub/packages/lang/perl/CPAN/
- Oregon ftp://ftp.orst.edu/pub/packages/CPAN/
- Pennsylvania ftp://ftp.epix.net/pub/languages/perl/
- Tennessee ftp://ftp.sunsite.utk.edu/pub/CPAN/
- Texas ftp://ftp.sedl.org/pub/mirrors/CPAN/
- ftp://jhcloos.com/pub/mirror/CPAN/
- Utah ftp://mirror.xmission.com/CPAN/
- Virginia ftp://ftp.perl.org/pub/perl/CPAN/
- ftp://ruff.cs.jmu.edu/pub/CPAN/
- Washington ftp://ftp-mirror.internap.com/pub/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.llarian.net/pub/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.spu.edu/pub/CPAN/
-
-
-=item South America
-
- Brazil ftp://cpan.if.usp.br/pub/mirror/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.matrix.com.br/pub/perl/
- Chile ftp://sunsite.dcc.uchile.cl/pub/Lang/PERL/
+=item Indonesia
+
+ http://mirrors.tf.itb.ac.id/cpan/
+ http://cpan.cbn.net.id/
+ ftp://ftp.cbn.net.id/mirror/CPAN
+
+=item Israel
+
+ ftp://ftp.iglu.org.il/pub/CPAN/
+ http://cpan.lerner.co.il/
+ http://bioinfo.weizmann.ac.il/pub/software/perl/CPAN/
+ ftp://bioinfo.weizmann.ac.il/pub/software/perl/CPAN/
+
+=item Japan
+
+ ftp://ftp.u-aizu.ac.jp/pub/CPAN
+ ftp://ftp.kddlabs.co.jp/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.ayamura.org/pub/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.jaist.ac.jp/pub/lang/perl/CPAN/
+ http://ftp.cpan.jp/
+ ftp://ftp.cpan.jp/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.dti.ad.jp/pub/lang/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.ring.gr.jp/pub/lang/perl/CPAN/
+
+=item Malaysia
+
+ http://cpan.MyBSD.org.my
+ http://mirror.leafbug.org/pub/CPAN
+ http://ossig.mncc.com.my/mirror/pub/CPAN
+
+=item Russian Federation
+
+ http://cpan.tomsk.ru
+ ftp://cpan.tomsk.ru/
+
+=item Saudi Arabia
+
+ ftp://ftp.isu.net.sa/pub/CPAN/
+
+=item Singapore
+
+ http://CPAN.en.com.sg/
+ ftp://cpan.en.com.sg/
+ http://mirror.averse.net/pub/CPAN
+ ftp://mirror.averse.net/pub/CPAN
+ http://cpan.oss.eznetsols.org
+ ftp://ftp.oss.eznetsols.org/cpan
+
+=item South Korea
+
+ http://CPAN.bora.net/
+ ftp://ftp.bora.net/pub/CPAN/
+ http://mirror.kr.FreeBSD.org/CPAN
+ ftp://ftp.kr.FreeBSD.org/pub/CPAN
+
+=item Taiwan
+
+ ftp://ftp.nctu.edu.tw/UNIX/perl/CPAN
+ http://cpan.cdpa.nsysu.edu.tw/
+ ftp://cpan.cdpa.nsysu.edu.tw/pub/CPAN
+ http://ftp.isu.edu.tw/pub/CPAN
+ ftp://ftp.isu.edu.tw/pub/CPAN
+ ftp://ftp1.sinica.edu.tw/pub1/perl/CPAN/
+ http://ftp.tku.edu.tw/pub/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.tku.edu.tw/pub/CPAN/
+
+=item Thailand
+
+ ftp://ftp.loxinfo.co.th/pub/cpan/
+ ftp://ftp.cs.riubon.ac.th/pub/mirrors/CPAN/
+
+=back
+
+=head2 Central America
+
+=over 4
+
+=item Costa Rica
+
+ http://ftp.ucr.ac.cr/Unix/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.ucr.ac.cr/pub/Unix/CPAN/
+
+=back
+
+=head2 Europe
+
+=over 4
+
+=item Austria
+
+ http://cpan.inode.at/
+ ftp://cpan.inode.at
+ ftp://ftp.tuwien.ac.at/pub/CPAN/
+
+=item Belgium
+
+ http://ftp.easynet.be/pub/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.easynet.be/pub/CPAN/
+ http://cpan.skynet.be
+ ftp://ftp.cpan.skynet.be/pub/CPAN
+ ftp://ftp.kulnet.kuleuven.ac.be/pub/mirror/CPAN/
+
+=item Bosnia and Herzegovina
+
+ http://cpan.blic.net/
+
+=item Bulgaria
+
+ http://cpan.online.bg
+ ftp://cpan.online.bg/cpan
+ http://cpan.zadnik.org
+ ftp://ftp.zadnik.org/mirrors/CPAN/
+ http://cpan.lirex.net/
+ ftp://ftp.lirex.net/pub/mirrors/CPAN
+
+=item Croatia
+
+ http://ftp.linux.hr/pub/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.linux.hr/pub/CPAN/
+
+=item Czech Republic
+
+ ftp://ftp.fi.muni.cz/pub/CPAN/
+ ftp://sunsite.mff.cuni.cz/MIRRORS/ftp.funet.fi/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/
+
+=item Denmark
+
+ http://mirrors.sunsite.dk/cpan/
+ ftp://sunsite.dk/mirrors/cpan/
+ http://cpan.cybercity.dk
+ http://www.cpan.dk/CPAN/
+ ftp://www.cpan.dk/ftp.cpan.org/CPAN/
+
+=item Estonia
+
+ ftp://ftp.ut.ee/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/
+
+=item Finland
+
+ ftp://ftp.funet.fi/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/
+ http://mirror.eunet.fi/CPAN
+
+=item France
+
+ http://www.enstimac.fr/Perl/CPAN
+ http://ftp.u-paris10.fr/perl/CPAN
+ ftp://ftp.u-paris10.fr/perl/CPAN
+ http://cpan.mirrors.easynet.fr/
+ ftp://cpan.mirrors.easynet.fr/pub/ftp.cpan.org/
+ ftp://ftp.club-internet.fr/pub/perl/CPAN/
+ http://fr.cpan.org/
+ ftp://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/perl/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.oleane.net/pub/mirrors/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.pasteur.fr/pub/computing/CPAN/
+ http://mir2.ovh.net/ftp.cpan.org
+ ftp://mir1.ovh.net/ftp.cpan.org
+ http://ftp.crihan.fr/mirrors/ftp.cpan.org/
+ ftp://ftp.crihan.fr/mirrors/ftp.cpan.org/
+ http://ftp.u-strasbg.fr/CPAN
+ ftp://ftp.u-strasbg.fr/CPAN
+ ftp://cpan.cict.fr/pub/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.uvsq.fr/pub/perl/CPAN/
+
+=item Germany
+
+ ftp://ftp.rub.de/pub/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.freenet.de/pub/ftp.cpan.org/pub/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.uni-erlangen.de/pub/source/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp-stud.fht-esslingen.de/pub/Mirrors/CPAN
+ http://pandemonium.tiscali.de/pub/CPAN/
+ ftp://pandemonium.tiscali.de/pub/CPAN/
+ http://ftp.gwdg.de/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.gwdg.de/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.uni-hamburg.de/pub/soft/lang/perl/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.leo.org/pub/CPAN/
+ http://cpan.noris.de/
+ ftp://cpan.noris.de/pub/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.mpi-sb.mpg.de/pub/perl/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.gmd.de/mirrors/CPAN/
+
+=item Greece
+
+ ftp://ftp.acn.gr/pub/lang/perl
+ ftp://ftp.forthnet.gr/pub/languages/perl/CPAN
+ ftp://ftp.ntua.gr/pub/lang/perl/
+
+=item Hungary
+
+ http://ftp.kfki.hu/packages/perl/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.kfki.hu/pub/packages/perl/CPAN/
+
+=item Iceland
+
+ http://ftp.rhnet.is/pub/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.rhnet.is/pub/CPAN/
+
+=item Ireland
+
+ http://cpan.indigo.ie/
+ ftp://cpan.indigo.ie/pub/CPAN/
+ http://ftp.heanet.ie/mirrors/ftp.perl.org/pub/CPAN
+ ftp://ftp.heanet.ie/mirrors/ftp.perl.org/pub/CPAN
+ http://sunsite.compapp.dcu.ie/pub/perl/
+ ftp://sunsite.compapp.dcu.ie/pub/perl/
+
+=item Italy
+
+ http://cpan.nettuno.it/
+ http://gusp.dyndns.org/CPAN/
+ ftp://gusp.dyndns.org/pub/CPAN
+ http://softcity.iol.it/cpan
+ ftp://softcity.iol.it/pub/cpan
+ ftp://ftp.unina.it/pub/Other/CPAN/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.unipi.it/pub/mirror/perl/CPAN/
+ ftp://cis.uniRoma2.it/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.edisontel.it/pub/CPAN_Mirror/
+ http://cpan.flashnet.it/
+ ftp://ftp.flashnet.it/pub/CPAN/
+
+=item Latvia
+
+ http://kvin.lv/pub/CPAN/
+
+=item Lithuania
+
+ ftp://ftp.unix.lt/pub/CPAN/
+
+=item Netherlands
+
+ ftp://download.xs4all.nl/pub/mirror/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.nl.uu.net/pub/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.nluug.nl/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/
+ http://cpan.cybercomm.nl/
+ ftp://mirror.cybercomm.nl/pub/CPAN
+ ftp://mirror.vuurwerk.nl/pub/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.cpan.nl/pub/CPAN/
+ http://ftp.easynet.nl/mirror/CPAN
+ ftp://ftp.easynet.nl/mirror/CPAN
+ http://archive.cs.uu.nl/mirror/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.cs.uu.nl/mirror/CPAN/
+
+=item Norway
+
+ ftp://ftp.uninett.no/pub/languages/perl/CPAN
+ ftp://ftp.uit.no/pub/languages/perl/cpan/
+
+=item Poland
+
+ ftp://ftp.mega.net.pl/CPAN
+ ftp://ftp.man.torun.pl/pub/doc/CPAN/
+ ftp://sunsite.icm.edu.pl/pub/CPAN/
+
+=item Portugal
+
+ ftp://ftp.ua.pt/pub/CPAN/
+ ftp://perl.di.uminho.pt/pub/CPAN/
+ http://cpan.dei.uc.pt/
+ ftp://ftp.dei.uc.pt/pub/CPAN
+ ftp://ftp.nfsi.pt/pub/CPAN
+ http://ftp.linux.pt/pub/mirrors/CPAN
+ ftp://ftp.linux.pt/pub/mirrors/CPAN
+ http://cpan.ip.pt/
+ ftp://cpan.ip.pt/pub/cpan/
+ http://cpan.telepac.pt/
+ ftp://ftp.telepac.pt/pub/cpan/
+
+=item Romania
+
+ ftp://ftp.bio-net.ro/pub/CPAN
+ ftp://ftp.kappa.ro/pub/mirrors/ftp.perl.org/pub/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.lug.ro/CPAN
+ ftp://ftp.roedu.net/pub/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.dntis.ro/pub/cpan/
+ ftp://ftp.iasi.roedu.net/pub/mirrors/ftp.cpan.org/
+ http://cpan.ambra.ro/
+ ftp://ftp.ambra.ro/pub/CPAN
+ ftp://ftp.dnttm.ro/pub/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.lasting.ro/pub/CPAN
+ ftp://ftp.timisoara.roedu.net/mirrors/CPAN/
+
+=item Russia
+
+ ftp://ftp.chg.ru/pub/lang/perl/CPAN/
+ http://cpan.rinet.ru/
+ ftp://cpan.rinet.ru/pub/mirror/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.aha.ru/pub/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.corbina.ru/pub/CPAN/
+ http://cpan.sai.msu.ru/
+ ftp://ftp.sai.msu.su/pub/lang/perl/CPAN/
+
+=item Slovakia
+
+ ftp://ftp.cvt.stuba.sk/pub/CPAN/
+
+=item Slovenia
+
+ ftp://ftp.arnes.si/software/perl/CPAN/
+
+=item Spain
+
+ http://cpan.imasd.elmundo.es/
+ ftp://ftp.rediris.es/mirror/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.ri.telefonica-data.net/CPAN
+ ftp://ftp.etse.urv.es/pub/perl/
+
+=item Sweden
+
+ http://ftp.du.se/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.du.se/pub/CPAN/
+ http://mirror.dataphone.se/CPAN
+ ftp://mirror.dataphone.se/pub/CPAN
+ ftp://ftp.sunet.se/pub/lang/perl/CPAN/
+
+=item Switzerland
+
+ http://cpan.mirror.solnet.ch/
+ ftp://ftp.solnet.ch/mirror/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.danyk.ch/CPAN/
+ ftp://sunsite.cnlab-switch.ch/mirror/CPAN/
+
+=item Turkey
+
+ http://ftp.ulak.net.tr/perl/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.ulak.net.tr/perl/CPAN
+ ftp://sunsite.bilkent.edu.tr/pub/languages/CPAN/
+
+=item Ukraine
+
+ http://cpan.org.ua/
+ ftp://cpan.org.ua/
+ ftp://ftp.perl.org.ua/pub/CPAN/
+ http://no-more.kiev.ua/CPAN/
+ ftp://no-more.kiev.ua/pub/CPAN/
+
+=item United Kingdom
+
+ http://www.mirror.ac.uk/sites/ftp.funet.fi/pub/languages/perl/CPAN
+ ftp://ftp.mirror.ac.uk/sites/ftp.funet.fi/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/
+ http://cpan.teleglobe.net/
+ ftp://cpan.teleglobe.net/pub/CPAN
+ http://cpan.mirror.anlx.net/
+ ftp://ftp.mirror.anlx.net/CPAN/
+ http://cpan.etla.org/
+ ftp://cpan.etla.org/pub/CPAN
+ ftp://ftp.demon.co.uk/pub/CPAN/
+ http://cpan.m.flirble.org/
+ ftp://ftp.flirble.org/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.plig.org/pub/CPAN/
+ http://cpan.hambule.co.uk/
+ http://cpan.mirrors.clockerz.net/
+ ftp://ftp.clockerz.net/pub/CPAN/
+ ftp://usit.shef.ac.uk/pub/packages/CPAN/
=back
+=head2 North America
+
+=over 4
+
+=item Canada
+
+=over 8
+
+=item Alberta
+
+ http://cpan.sunsite.ualberta.ca/
+ ftp://cpan.sunsite.ualberta.ca/pub/CPAN/
+
+=item Manitoba
+
+ http://theoryx5.uwinnipeg.ca/pub/CPAN/
+ ftp://theoryx5.uwinnipeg.ca/pub/CPAN/
+
+=item Nova Scotia
+
+ ftp://cpan.chebucto.ns.ca/pub/CPAN/
+
+=item Ontario
+
+ ftp://ftp.nrc.ca/pub/CPAN/
+
+=back
+
+=item Mexico
+
+ http://cpan.azc.uam.mx
+ ftp://cpan.azc.uam.mx/mirrors/CPAN
+ http://www.cpan.unam.mx/
+ ftp://ftp.unam.mx/pub/CPAN
+ http://www.msg.com.mx/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.msg.com.mx/pub/CPAN/
+
+=item United States
+
+=over 8
+
+=item Alabama
+
+ http://mirror.hiwaay.net/CPAN/
+ ftp://mirror.hiwaay.net/CPAN/
+
+=item California
+
+ http://cpan.develooper.com/
+ http://www.cpan.org/
+ ftp://cpan.valueclick.com/pub/CPAN/
+ http://www.mednor.net/ftp/pub/mirrors/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.mednor.net/pub/mirrors/CPAN/
+ http://mirrors.gossamer-threads.com/CPAN
+ ftp://cpan.nas.nasa.gov/pub/perl/CPAN/
+ http://mirrors.kernel.org/cpan/
+ ftp://mirrors.kernel.org/pub/CPAN
+ http://cpan-sj.viaverio.com/
+ ftp://cpan-sj.viaverio.com/pub/CPAN/
+ http://cpan.digisle.net/
+ ftp://cpan.digisle.net/pub/CPAN
+ http://www.perl.com/CPAN/
+ http://www.uberlan.net/CPAN
+
+=item Colorado
+
+ ftp://ftp.cs.colorado.edu/pub/perl/CPAN/
+ http://cpan.four10.com
+
+=item Delaware
+
+ http://ftp.lug.udel.edu/pub/CPAN
+ ftp://ftp.lug.udel.edu/pub/CPAN
+
+=item District of Columbia
+
+ ftp://ftp.dc.aleron.net/pub/CPAN/
+
+=item Florida
+
+ ftp://ftp.cise.ufl.edu/pub/mirrors/CPAN/
+ http://mirror.csit.fsu.edu/pub/CPAN/
+ ftp://mirror.csit.fsu.edu/pub/CPAN/
+ http://cpan.mirrors.nks.net/
+
+=item Indiana
+
+ ftp://ftp.uwsg.iu.edu/pub/perl/CPAN/
+ http://cpan.netnitco.net/
+ ftp://cpan.netnitco.net/pub/mirrors/CPAN/
+ http://archive.progeny.com/CPAN/
+ ftp://archive.progeny.com/CPAN/
+ http://fx.saintjoe.edu/pub/CPAN
+ ftp://ftp.saintjoe.edu/pub/CPAN
+ http://csociety-ftp.ecn.purdue.edu/pub/CPAN
+ ftp://csociety-ftp.ecn.purdue.edu/pub/CPAN
+
+=item Kentucky
+
+ http://cpan.uky.edu/
+ ftp://cpan.uky.edu/pub/CPAN/
+ http://slugsite.louisville.edu/cpan
+ ftp://slugsite.louisville.edu/CPAN
+
+=item Massachusetts
+
+ http://mirrors.towardex.com/CPAN
+ ftp://mirrors.towardex.com/pub/CPAN
+ ftp://ftp.ccs.neu.edu/net/mirrors/ftp.funet.fi/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/
+
+=item Michigan
+
+ ftp://cpan.cse.msu.edu/
+ http://cpan.calvin.edu/pub/CPAN
+ ftp://cpan.calvin.edu/pub/CPAN
+
+=item Nevada
+
+ http://www.oss.redundant.com/pub/CPAN
+ ftp://www.oss.redundant.com/pub/CPAN
+
+=item New Jersey
+
+ http://ftp.cpanel.net/pub/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.cpanel.net/pub/CPAN/
+ http://cpan.teleglobe.net/
+ ftp://cpan.teleglobe.net/pub/CPAN
+
+=item New York
+
+ http://cpan.belfry.net/
+ http://cpan.erlbaum.net/
+ ftp://cpan.erlbaum.net/
+ http://cpan.thepirtgroup.com/
+ ftp://cpan.thepirtgroup.com/
+ ftp://ftp.stealth.net/pub/CPAN/
+ http://www.rge.com/pub/languages/perl/
+ ftp://ftp.rge.com/pub/languages/perl/
+
+=item North Carolina
+
+ http://www.ibiblio.org/pub/languages/perl/CPAN
+ ftp://ftp.ibiblio.org/pub/languages/perl/CPAN
+ ftp://ftp.duke.edu/pub/perl/
+ ftp://ftp.ncsu.edu/pub/mirror/CPAN/
+
+=item Oklahoma
+
+ ftp://ftp.ou.edu/mirrors/CPAN/
+
+=item Oregon
+
+ ftp://ftp.orst.edu/pub/CPAN
+
+=item Pennsylvania
+
+ http://ftp.epix.net/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.epix.net/pub/languages/perl/
+ http://mirrors.phenominet.com/pub/CPAN/
+ ftp://mirrors.phenominet.com/pub/CPAN/
+ http://cpan.pair.com/
+ ftp://cpan.pair.com/pub/CPAN/
+ ftp://carroll.cac.psu.edu/pub/CPAN/
+
+=item Tennessee
+
+ ftp://ftp.sunsite.utk.edu/pub/CPAN/
+
+=item Texas
+
+ http://ftp.sedl.org/pub/mirrors/CPAN/
+ http://www.binarycode.org/cpan
+ ftp://mirror.telentente.com/pub/CPAN
+ http://mirrors.theonlinerecordstore.com/CPAN
+
+=item Utah
+
+ ftp://mirror.xmission.com/CPAN/
+
+=item Virginia
+
+ http://cpan-du.viaverio.com/
+ ftp://cpan-du.viaverio.com/pub/CPAN/
+ http://mirrors.rcn.net/pub/lang/CPAN/
+ ftp://mirrors.rcn.net/pub/lang/CPAN/
+ http://perl.secsup.org/
+ ftp://perl.secsup.org/pub/perl/
+ http://noc.cvaix.com/mirrors/CPAN/
+
+=item Washington
+
+ http://cpan.llarian.net/
+ ftp://cpan.llarian.net/pub/CPAN/
+ http://cpan.mirrorcentral.com/
+ ftp://ftp.mirrorcentral.com/pub/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp-mirror.internap.com/pub/CPAN/
+
+=item Wisconsin
+
+ http://mirror.sit.wisc.edu/pub/CPAN/
+ ftp://mirror.sit.wisc.edu/pub/CPAN/
+ http://mirror.aphix.com/CPAN
+ ftp://mirror.aphix.com/pub/CPAN
+
+=back
+
+=back
+
+=head2 Oceania
+
+=over 4
+
+=item Australia
+
+ http://ftp.planetmirror.com/pub/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.planetmirror.com/pub/CPAN/
+ ftp://mirror.aarnet.edu.au/pub/perl/CPAN/
+ ftp://cpan.topend.com.au/pub/CPAN/
+ http://cpan.mirrors.ilisys.com.au
+
+=item New Zealand
+
+ ftp://ftp.auckland.ac.nz/pub/perl/CPAN/
+
+=item United States
+
+ http://aniani.ifa.hawaii.edu/CPAN/
+ ftp://aniani.ifa.hawaii.edu/CPAN/
+
+=back
+
+=head2 South America
+
+=over 4
+
+=item Argentina
+
+ ftp://mirrors.bannerlandia.com.ar/mirrors/CPAN/
+ http://www.linux.org.ar/mirrors/cpan
+ ftp://ftp.linux.org.ar/mirrors/cpan
+
+=item Brazil
+
+ ftp://cpan.pop-mg.com.br/pub/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.matrix.com.br/pub/perl/CPAN/
+ http://cpan.hostsul.com.br/
+ ftp://cpan.hostsul.com.br/
+
+=item Chile
+
+ http://cpan.netglobalis.net/
+ ftp://cpan.netglobalis.net/pub/CPAN/
+
+=back
+
+=head2 RSYNC Mirrors
+
+ www.linux.org.ar::cpan
+ theoryx5.uwinnipeg.ca::CPAN
+ ftp.shellhung.org::CPAN
+ rsync.nic.funet.fi::CPAN
+ ftp.u-paris10.fr::CPAN
+ mir1.ovh.net::CPAN
+ rsync://ftp.crihan.fr::CPAN
+ ftp.gwdg.de::FTP/languages/perl/CPAN/
+ ftp.leo.org::CPAN
+ ftp.cbn.net.id::CPAN
+ rsync://ftp.heanet.ie/mirrors/ftp.perl.org/pub/CPAN
+ ftp.iglu.org.il::CPAN
+ gusp.dyndns.org::cpan
+ ftp.kddlabs.co.jp::cpan
+ ftp.ayamura.org::pub/CPAN/
+ mirror.leafbug.org::CPAN
+ rsync.en.com.sg::CPAN
+ mirror.averse.net::cpan
+ rsync.oss.eznetsols.org
+ ftp.kr.FreeBSD.org::CPAN
+ ftp.solnet.ch::CPAN
+ cpan.cdpa.nsysu.edu.tw::CPAN
+ cpan.teleglobe.net::CPAN
+ rsync://rsync.mirror.anlx.net::CPAN
+ ftp.sedl.org::cpan
+ ibiblio.org::CPAN
+ cpan-du.viaverio.com::CPAN
+ aniani.ifa.hawaii.edu::CPAN
+ archive.progeny.com::CPAN
+ rsync://slugsite.louisville.edu::CPAN
+ mirror.aphix.com::CPAN
+ cpan.teleglobe.net::CPAN
+ ftp.lug.udel.edu::cpan
+ mirrors.kernel.org::mirrors/CPAN
+ mirrors.phenominet.com::CPAN
+ cpan.pair.com::CPAN
+ cpan-sj.viaverio.com::CPAN
+ mirror.csit.fsu.edu::CPAN
+ csociety-ftp.ecn.purdue.edu::CPAN
+
For an up-to-date listing of CPAN sites,
-see http://www.perl.com/perl/CPAN/SITES or ftp://www.perl.com/CPAN/SITES .
+see http://www.cpan.org/SITES or ftp://www.cpan.org/SITES .
=head1 Modules: Creation, Use, and Abuse
=over 4
-=item Do similar modules already exist in some form?
+=item *
+
+Do similar modules already exist in some form?
If so, please try to reuse the existing modules either in whole or
by inheriting useful features into a new class. If this is not
helps if you follow the same naming scheme and module interaction
scheme as the original author.
-=item Try to design the new module to be easy to extend and reuse.
+=item *
+
+Try to design the new module to be easy to extend and reuse.
Try to C<use warnings;> (or C<use warnings qw(...);>).
Remember that you can add C<no warnings qw(...);> to individual blocks
Always use B<-w>.
-=item Some simple style guidelines
+=item *
+
+Some simple style guidelines
The perlstyle manual supplied with Perl has many helpful points.
You can use a leading underscore to indicate that a variable or
function should not be used outside the package that defined it.
-=item Select what to export.
+=item *
+
+Select what to export.
Do NOT export method names!
then export nothing. If it's just a collection of functions then
@EXPORT_OK anything but use @EXPORT with caution.
-=item Select a name for the module.
+=item *
+
+Select a name for the module.
This name should be as descriptive, accurate, and complete as
possible. Avoid any risk of ambiguity. Always try to use two or
11 characters. If it might be used on MS-DOS then try to ensure each is
unique in the first 8 characters. Nested modules make this easier.
-=item Have you got it right?
+=item *
+
+Have you got it right?
How do you know that you've made the right decisions? Have you
picked an interface design that will cause problems later? Have
ready - just say so in the message. It might be worth inviting
others to help you, they may be able to complete it for you!
-=item README and other Additional Files.
+=item *
+
+README and other Additional Files.
It's well known that software developers usually fully document the
software they write. If, however, the world is in urgent need of
=over 10
=item *
+
A description of the module/package/extension etc.
=item *
+
A copyright notice - see below.
=item *
+
Prerequisites - what else you may need to have.
=item *
+
How to build it - possible changes to Makefile.PL etc.
=item *
+
How to install it.
=item *
+
Recent changes in this release, especially incompatibilities
=item *
+
Changes / enhancements you plan to make in the future.
=back
=over 4
-=item Adding a Copyright Notice.
+=item *
+
+Adding a Copyright Notice.
How you choose to license your work is a personal decision.
The general mechanism is to assert your Copyright and then make
a declaration of how others may copy/use/modify your work.
-Perl, for example, is supplied with two types of licence: The GNU
-GPL and The Artistic Licence (see the files README, Copying, and
-Artistic). Larry has good reasons for NOT just using the GNU GPL.
+Perl, for example, is supplied with two types of licence: The GNU GPL
+and The Artistic Licence (see the files README, Copying, and Artistic,
+or L<perlgpl> and L<perlartistic>). Larry has good reasons for NOT
+just using the GNU GPL.
My personal recommendation, out of respect for Larry, Perl, and the
Perl community at large is to state something simply like:
also wish to include it in a Copying file and your source files.
Remember to include the other words in addition to the Copyright.
-=item Give the module a version/issue/release number.
+=item *
+
+Give the module a version/issue/release number.
To be fully compatible with the Exporter and MakeMaker modules you
should store your module's version number in a non-my package
releasing the module (ModuleName-1.02.tar.Z).
See perldoc ExtUtils::MakeMaker.pm for details.
-=item How to release and distribute a module.
+=item *
+
+How to release and distribute a module.
It's good idea to post an announcement of the availability of your
module (or the module itself if small) to the comp.lang.perl.announce
Follow the instructions and links on:
- http://www.perl.com/CPAN/modules/00modlist.long.html
- http://www.perl.com/CPAN/modules/04pause.html
+ http://www.cpan.org/modules/00modlist.long.html
+ http://www.cpan.org/modules/04pause.html
or upload to one of these sites:
Please remember to send me an updated entry for the Module list!
-=item Take care when changing a released module.
+=item *
+
+Take care when changing a released module.
Always strive to remain compatible with previous released versions.
Otherwise try to add a mechanism to revert to the
=over 4
-=item There is no requirement to convert anything.
+=item *
+
+There is no requirement to convert anything.
If it ain't broke, don't fix it! Perl 4 library scripts should
continue to work with no problems. You may need to make some minor
changes (like escaping non-array @'s in double quoted strings) but
there is no need to convert a .pl file into a Module for just that.
-=item Consider the implications.
+=item *
+
+Consider the implications.
All Perl applications that make use of the script will need to
be changed (slightly) if the script is converted into a module. Is
it worth it unless you plan to make other changes at the same time?
-=item Make the most of the opportunity.
+=item *
+
+Make the most of the opportunity.
If you are going to convert the script to a module you can use the
opportunity to redesign the interface. The guidelines for module
creation above include many of the issues you should consider.
-=item The pl2pm utility will get you started.
+=item *
+
+The pl2pm utility will get you started.
This utility will read *.pl files (given as parameters) and write
corresponding *.pm files. The pl2pm utilities does the following:
=over 10
=item *
+
Adds the standard Module prologue lines
=item *
+
Converts package specifiers from ' to ::
=item *
+
Converts die(...) to croak(...)
=item *
+
Several other minor changes
=back
=over 4
-=item Complete applications rarely belong in the Perl Module Library.
+=item *
+
+Complete applications rarely belong in the Perl Module Library.
+
+=item *
-=item Many applications contain some Perl code that could be reused.
+Many applications contain some Perl code that could be reused.
Help save the world! Share your code in a form that makes it easy
to reuse.
-=item Break-out the reusable code into one or more separate module files.
+=item *
+
+Break-out the reusable code into one or more separate module files.
+
+=item *
+
+Take the opportunity to reconsider and redesign the interfaces.
-=item Take the opportunity to reconsider and redesign the interfaces.
+=item *
-=item In some cases the 'application' can then be reduced to a small
+In some cases the 'application' can then be reduced to a small
fragment of code built on top of the reusable modules. In these cases
the application could invoked as:
https://perl5.git.perl.org / perl5.git / blobdiff