# Net::SMTP.pm
#
-# Copyright (c) 1995 Graham Barr <Graham.Barr@tiuk.ti.com>. All rights
-# reserved. This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+# Copyright (c) 1995-2004 Graham Barr <gbarr@pobox.com>. All rights reserved.
+# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
# modify it under the same terms as Perl itself.
package Net::SMTP;
-=head1 NAME
-
-Net::SMTP - Simple Mail transfer Protocol Client
-
-=head1 SYNOPSIS
-
- use Net::SMTP;
-
- # Constructors
- $smtp = Net::SMTP->new('mailhost');
- $smtp = Net::SMTP->new('mailhost', Timeout => 60);
-
-=head1 DESCRIPTION
-
-This module implements a client interface to the SMTP protocol, enabling
-a perl5 application to talk to SMTP servers. This documentation assumes
-that you are familiar with the SMTP protocol described in RFC821.
-
-A new Net::SMTP object must be created with the I<new> method. Once
-this has been done, all SMTP commands are accessed through this object.
-
-=head1 EXAMPLES
-
-This example prints the mail domain name of the SMTP server known as mailhost:
-
- #!/usr/local/bin/perl -w
-
- use Net::SMTP;
-
- $smtp = Net::SMTP->new('mailhost');
-
- print $smtp->domain,"\n";
-
- $smtp->quit;
-
-This example sends a small message to the postmaster at the SMTP server
-known as mailhost:
-
- #!/usr/local/bin/perl -w
-
- use Net::SMTP;
-
- $smtp = Net::SMTP->new('mailhost');
-
- $smtp->mail($ENV{USER});
-
- $smtp->to('postmaster');
-
- $smtp->data();
-
- $smtp->datasend("To: postmaster\n");
- $smtp->datasend("\n");
- $smtp->datasend("A simple test message\n");
-
- $smtp->dataend();
-
- $smtp->quit;
-
-=head1 CONSTRUCTOR
-
-=over 4
-
-=item new ( HOST, [ OPTIONS ] )
-
-This is the constructor for a new Net::SMTP object. C<HOST> is the
-name of the remote host to which a SMTP connection is required.
-
-C<OPTIONS> are passed in a hash like fasion, using key and value pairs.
-Possible options are:
-
-B<Hello> - SMTP requires that you identify yourself. This option
-specifies a string to pass as your mail domain. If not
-given a guess will be taken.
-
-B<Timeout> - Maximum time, in seconds, to wait for a response from the
-SMTP server (default: 120)
-
-B<Debug> - Enable debugging information
-
-
-Example:
-
-
- $smtp = Net::SMTP->new('mailhost',
- Hello => 'my.mail.domain'
- );
-
-=head1 METHODS
-
-Unless otherwise stated all methods return either a I<true> or I<false>
-value, with I<true> meaning that the operation was a success. When a method
-states that it returns a value, falure will be returned as I<undef> or an
-empty list.
-
-=over 4
-
-=item domain ()
-
-Returns the domain that the remote SMTP server identified itself as during
-connection.
-
-=item hello ( DOMAIN )
-
-Tell the remote server the mail domain which you are in using the HELO
-command.
-
-=item mail ( ADDRESS )
-
-=item send ( ADDRESS )
-
-=item send_or_mail ( ADDRESS )
-
-=item send_and_mail ( ADDRESS )
-
-Send the appropriate command to the server MAIL, SEND, SOML or SAML. C<ADDRESS>
-is the address of the sender. This initiates the sending of a message. The
-method C<recipient> should be called for each address that the message is to
-be sent to.
-
-=item reset ()
-
-Reset the status of the server. This may be called after a message has been
-initiated, but before any data has been sent, to cancel the sending of the
-message.
-
-=item recipient ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [ ...]] )
-
-Notify the server that the current message should be sent to all of the
-addresses given. Each address is sent as a separate command to the server.
-Should the sending of any address result in a failure then the
-process is aborted and a I<false> value is returned. It is up to the
-user to call C<reset> if they so desire.
-
-=item to ()
-
-A synonym for recipient
-
-=item data ( [ DATA ] )
-
-Initiate the sending of the data fro the current message.
-
-C<DATA> may be a reference to a list or a list. If specified the contents
-of C<DATA> and a termination string C<".\r\n"> is sent to the server. And the
-result will be true if the data was accepted.
-
-If C<DATA> is not specified then the result will indicate that the server
-wishes the data to be sent. The data must then be sent using the C<datasend>
-and C<dataend> methods defined in C<Net::Cmd>.
-
-=item expand ( ADDRESS )
-
-Request the server to expand the given address Returns a reference to an array
-which contains the text read from the server.
-
-=item verify ( ADDRESS )
-
-Verify that C<ADDRESS> is a legitimate mailing address.
-
-=item help ( [ $subject ] )
-
-Request help text from the server. Returns the text or undef upon failure
-
-=item quit ()
-
-Send the QUIT command to the remote SMTP server and close the socket connection.
-
-=back
-
-=head1 SEE ALSO
-
-L<Net::Cmd>
-
-=head1 AUTHOR
-
-Graham Barr <Graham.Barr@tiuk.ti.com>
-
-=head1 REVISION
-
-$Revision: 2.1 $
-$Date: 1996/08/20 20:23:56 $
-
-The VERSION is derived from the revision by changing each number after the
-first dot into a 2 digit number so
-
- Revision 1.8 => VERSION 1.08
- Revision 1.2.3 => VERSION 1.0203
-
-=head1 COPYRIGHT
-
-Copyright (c) 1995 Graham Barr. All rights reserved. This program is free
-software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms
-as Perl itself.
-
-=cut
-
require 5.001;
use strict;
use Carp;
use IO::Socket;
use Net::Cmd;
+use Net::Config;
-$VERSION = do{my @r=(q$Revision: 2.1 $=~/(\d+)/g);sprintf "%d."."%02d"x$#r,@r};
+$VERSION = "2.29";
@ISA = qw(Net::Cmd IO::Socket::INET);
{
my $self = shift;
my $type = ref($self) || $self;
- my $host = shift;
- my %arg = @_;
- my $obj = $type->SUPER::new(PeerAddr => $host,
- PeerPort => $arg{Port} || 'smtp(25)',
- Proto => 'tcp',
- Timeout => defined $arg{Timeout}
+ my ($host,%arg);
+ if (@_ % 2) {
+ $host = shift ;
+ %arg = @_;
+ } else {
+ %arg = @_;
+ $host=delete $arg{Host};
+ }
+ my $hosts = defined $host ? $host : $NetConfig{smtp_hosts};
+ my $obj;
+
+ my $h;
+ foreach $h (@{ref($hosts) ? $hosts : [ $hosts ]})
+ {
+ $obj = $type->SUPER::new(PeerAddr => ($host = $h),
+ PeerPort => $arg{Port} || 'smtp(25)',
+ LocalAddr => $arg{LocalAddr},
+ LocalPort => $arg{LocalPort},
+ Proto => 'tcp',
+ Timeout => defined $arg{Timeout}
? $arg{Timeout}
: 120
- ) or return undef;
+ ) and last;
+ }
+
+ return undef
+ unless defined $obj;
$obj->autoflush(1);
unless ($obj->response() == CMD_OK)
{
- $obj->SUPER::close();
+ $obj->close();
return undef;
}
+ ${*$obj}{'net_smtp_exact_addr'} = $arg{ExactAddresses};
${*$obj}{'net_smtp_host'} = $host;
+ (${*$obj}{'net_smtp_banner'}) = $obj->message;
(${*$obj}{'net_smtp_domain'}) = $obj->message =~ /\A\s*(\S+)/;
- $obj->hello($arg{Hello} || "");
+ unless($obj->hello($arg{Hello} || ""))
+ {
+ $obj->close();
+ return undef;
+ }
$obj;
}
+sub host {
+ my $me = shift;
+ ${*$me}{'net_smtp_host'};
+}
+
##
## User interface methods
##
+sub banner
+{
+ my $me = shift;
+
+ return ${*$me}{'net_smtp_banner'} || undef;
+}
+
sub domain
{
my $me = shift;
return ${*$me}{'net_smtp_domain'} || undef;
}
+sub etrn {
+ my $self = shift;
+ defined($self->supports('ETRN',500,["Command unknown: 'ETRN'"])) &&
+ $self->_ETRN(@_);
+}
+
+sub auth {
+ my ($self, $username, $password) = @_;
+
+ eval {
+ require MIME::Base64;
+ require Authen::SASL;
+ } or $self->set_status(500,["Need MIME::Base64 and Authen::SASL todo auth"]), return 0;
+
+ my $mechanisms = $self->supports('AUTH',500,["Command unknown: 'AUTH'"]);
+ return unless defined $mechanisms;
+
+ my $sasl;
+
+ if (ref($username) and UNIVERSAL::isa($username,'Authen::SASL')) {
+ $sasl = $username;
+ $sasl->mechanism($mechanisms);
+ }
+ else {
+ die "auth(username, password)" if not length $username;
+ $sasl = Authen::SASL->new(mechanism=> $mechanisms,
+ callback => { user => $username,
+ pass => $password,
+ authname => $username,
+ });
+ }
+
+ # We should probably allow the user to pass the host, but I don't
+ # currently know and SASL mechanisms that are used by smtp that need it
+ my $client = $sasl->client_new('smtp',${*$self}{'net_smtp_host'},0);
+ my $str = $client->client_start;
+ # We dont support sasl mechanisms that encrypt the socket traffic.
+ # todo that we would really need to change the ISA hierarchy
+ # so we dont inherit from IO::Socket, but instead hold it in an attribute
+
+ my @cmd = ("AUTH", $client->mechanism);
+ my $code;
+
+ push @cmd, MIME::Base64::encode_base64($str,'')
+ if defined $str and length $str;
+
+ while (($code = $self->command(@cmd)->response()) == CMD_MORE) {
+ @cmd = (MIME::Base64::encode_base64(
+ $client->client_step(
+ MIME::Base64::decode_base64(
+ ($self->message)[0]
+ )
+ ), ''
+ ));
+ }
+
+ $code == CMD_OK;
+}
+
sub hello
{
my $me = shift;
- my $domain = shift ||
- eval {
- require Net::Domain;
- Net::Domain::hostdomain();
- } ||
- "";
+ my $domain = shift || "localhost.localdomain";
my $ok = $me->_EHLO($domain);
- my $msg;
+ my @msg = $me->message;
if($ok)
{
- $msg = $me->message;
-
my $h = ${*$me}{'net_smtp_esmtp'} = {};
- my $ext;
- foreach $ext (qw(8BITMIME CHECKPOINT DSN SIZE))
- {
- $h->{$ext} = 1
- if $msg =~ /\b${ext}\b/;
+ my $ln;
+ foreach $ln (@msg) {
+ $h->{uc $1} = $2
+ if $ln =~ /(\w+)\b[= \t]*([^\n]*)/;
}
}
- else
+ elsif($me->status == CMD_ERROR)
{
- $msg = $me->message
- if $me->_HELO($domain);
+ @msg = $me->message
+ if $ok = $me->_HELO($domain);
}
- $ok && $msg =~ /\A(\S+)/
- ? $1
- : undef;
+ return undef unless $ok;
+
+ $msg[0] =~ /\A\s*(\S+)/;
+ return ($1 || " ");
}
-sub _addr
-{
- my $addr = shift || "";
+sub supports {
+ my $self = shift;
+ my $cmd = uc shift;
+ return ${*$self}{'net_smtp_esmtp'}->{$cmd}
+ if exists ${*$self}{'net_smtp_esmtp'}->{$cmd};
+ $self->set_status(@_)
+ if @_;
+ return;
+}
- return $1
- if $addr =~ /(<[^>]+>)/so;
+sub _addr {
+ my $self = shift;
+ my $addr = shift;
+ $addr = "" unless defined $addr;
- $addr =~ s/\n/ /sog;
- $addr =~ s/(\A\s+|\s+\Z)//sog;
+ if (${*$self}{'net_smtp_exact_addr'}) {
+ return $1 if $addr =~ /^\s*(<.*>)\s*$/s;
+ }
+ else {
+ return $1 if $addr =~ /(<[^>]*>)/;
+ $addr =~ s/^\s+|\s+$//sg;
+ }
- return "<" . $addr . ">";
+ "<$addr>";
}
-
sub mail
{
my $me = shift;
- my $addr = _addr(shift);
+ my $addr = _addr($me, shift);
my $opts = "";
if(@_)
{
if(exists $esmtp->{DSN})
{
- $opts .= " RET=" . uc $v
+ $opts .= " RET=" . ((uc($v) eq "FULL") ? "FULL" : "HDRS");
}
else
{
if(defined($v = delete $opt{Bits}))
{
- if(exists $esmtp->{'8BITMIME'})
+ if($v eq "8")
+ {
+ if(exists $esmtp->{'8BITMIME'})
+ {
+ $opts .= " BODY=8BITMIME";
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ carp 'Net::SMTP::mail: 8BITMIME option not supported by host';
+ }
+ }
+ elsif($v eq "binary")
+ {
+ if(exists $esmtp->{'BINARYMIME'} && exists $esmtp->{'CHUNKING'})
+ {
+ $opts .= " BODY=BINARYMIME";
+ ${*$me}{'net_smtp_chunking'} = 1;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ carp 'Net::SMTP::mail: BINARYMIME option not supported by host';
+ }
+ }
+ elsif(exists $esmtp->{'8BITMIME'} or exists $esmtp->{'BINARYMIME'})
{
- $opts .= $v == 8 ? " BODY=8BITMIME" : " BODY=7BIT"
+ $opts .= " BODY=7BIT";
}
else
{
- carp 'Net::SMTP::mail: 8BITMIME option not supported by host';
+ carp 'Net::SMTP::mail: 8BITMIME and BINARYMIME options not supported by host';
}
}
{
if(exists $esmtp->{CHECKPOINT})
{
- $opts .= " TRANSID=" . _addr($v);
+ $opts .= " TRANSID=" . _addr($me, $v);
}
else
{
}
}
+ if(defined($v = delete $opt{XVERP}))
+ {
+ if(exists $esmtp->{'XVERP'})
+ {
+ $opts .= " XVERP"
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ carp 'Net::SMTP::mail: XVERP option not supported by host';
+ }
+ }
+
carp 'Net::SMTP::recipient: unknown option(s) '
. join(" ", keys %opt)
. ' - ignored'
$me->_MAIL("FROM:".$addr.$opts);
}
-sub send { shift->_SEND("FROM:" . _addr($_[0])) }
-sub send_or_mail { shift->_SOML("FROM:" . _addr($_[0])) }
-sub send_and_mail { shift->_SAML("FROM:" . _addr($_[0])) }
+sub send { my $me = shift; $me->_SEND("FROM:" . _addr($me, $_[0])) }
+sub send_or_mail { my $me = shift; $me->_SOML("FROM:" . _addr($me, $_[0])) }
+sub send_and_mail { my $me = shift; $me->_SAML("FROM:" . _addr($me, $_[0])) }
sub reset
{
sub recipient
{
my $smtp = shift;
- my $ok = 1;
my $opts = "";
+ my $skip_bad = 0;
if(@_ && ref($_[-1]))
{
my %opt = %{pop(@_)};
my $v;
+ $skip_bad = delete $opt{'SkipBad'};
+
if(exists ${*$smtp}{'net_smtp_esmtp'})
{
my $esmtp = ${*$smtp}{'net_smtp_esmtp'};
. ' - ignored'
if scalar keys %opt;
}
- else
+ elsif(%opt)
{
carp 'Net::SMTP::recipient: ESMTP not supported by host - options discarded :-(';
}
}
- while($ok && scalar(@_))
+ my @ok;
+ my $addr;
+ foreach $addr (@_)
{
- $ok = $smtp->_RCPT("TO:" . _addr(shift) . $opts);
+ if($smtp->_RCPT("TO:" . _addr($smtp, $addr) . $opts)) {
+ push(@ok,$addr) if $skip_bad;
+ }
+ elsif(!$skip_bad) {
+ return 0;
+ }
}
- return $ok;
+ return $skip_bad ? @ok : 1;
}
-*to = \&recipient;
+BEGIN {
+ *to = \&recipient;
+ *cc = \&recipient;
+ *bcc = \&recipient;
+}
sub data
{
my $me = shift;
- my $ok = $me->_DATA() && $me->datasend(@_);
+ if(exists ${*$me}{'net_smtp_chunking'})
+ {
+ carp 'Net::SMTP::data: CHUNKING extension in use, must call bdat instead';
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ my $ok = $me->_DATA() && $me->datasend(@_);
+
+ $ok && @_ ? $me->dataend
+ : $ok;
+ }
+}
+
+sub bdat
+{
+ my $me = shift;
+
+ if(exists ${*$me}{'net_smtp_chunking'})
+ {
+ my $data = shift;
+
+ $me->_BDAT(length $data) && $me->rawdatasend($data) &&
+ $me->response() == CMD_OK;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ carp 'Net::SMTP::bdat: CHUNKING extension is not in use, call data instead';
+ }
+}
+
+sub bdatlast
+{
+ my $me = shift;
+
+ if(exists ${*$me}{'net_smtp_chunking'})
+ {
+ my $data = shift;
+
+ $me->_BDAT(length $data, "LAST") && $me->rawdatasend($data) &&
+ $me->response() == CMD_OK;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ carp 'Net::SMTP::bdat: CHUNKING extension is not in use, call data instead';
+ }
+}
- $ok && @_ ? $me->dataend
- : $ok;
+sub datafh {
+ my $me = shift;
+ return unless $me->_DATA();
+ return $me->tied_fh;
}
sub expand
: undef;
}
-sub close
+sub quit
{
my $me = shift;
- return 1
- unless (ref($me) && defined fileno($me));
-
- $me->_QUIT && $me->SUPER::close;
+ $me->_QUIT;
+ $me->close;
}
-sub DESTROY { shift->close }
-sub quit { shift->close }
+sub DESTROY
+{
+# ignore
+}
##
## RFC821 commands
sub _NOOP { shift->command("NOOP")->response() == CMD_OK }
sub _QUIT { shift->command("QUIT")->response() == CMD_OK }
sub _DATA { shift->command("DATA")->response() == CMD_MORE }
+sub _BDAT { shift->command("BDAT", @_) }
sub _TURN { shift->unsupported(@_); }
+sub _ETRN { shift->command("ETRN", @_)->response() == CMD_OK }
+sub _AUTH { shift->command("AUTH", @_)->response() == CMD_OK }
1;
+__END__
+
+=head1 NAME
+
+Net::SMTP - Simple Mail Transfer Protocol Client
+
+=head1 SYNOPSIS
+
+ use Net::SMTP;
+
+ # Constructors
+ $smtp = Net::SMTP->new('mailhost');
+ $smtp = Net::SMTP->new('mailhost', Timeout => 60);
+
+=head1 DESCRIPTION
+
+This module implements a client interface to the SMTP and ESMTP
+protocol, enabling a perl5 application to talk to SMTP servers. This
+documentation assumes that you are familiar with the concepts of the
+SMTP protocol described in RFC821.
+
+A new Net::SMTP object must be created with the I<new> method. Once
+this has been done, all SMTP commands are accessed through this object.
+
+The Net::SMTP class is a subclass of Net::Cmd and IO::Socket::INET.
+
+=head1 EXAMPLES
+
+This example prints the mail domain name of the SMTP server known as mailhost:
+
+ #!/usr/local/bin/perl -w
+
+ use Net::SMTP;
+
+ $smtp = Net::SMTP->new('mailhost');
+ print $smtp->domain,"\n";
+ $smtp->quit;
+
+This example sends a small message to the postmaster at the SMTP server
+known as mailhost:
+
+ #!/usr/local/bin/perl -w
+
+ use Net::SMTP;
+
+ $smtp = Net::SMTP->new('mailhost');
+
+ $smtp->mail($ENV{USER});
+ $smtp->to('postmaster');
+
+ $smtp->data();
+ $smtp->datasend("To: postmaster\n");
+ $smtp->datasend("\n");
+ $smtp->datasend("A simple test message\n");
+ $smtp->dataend();
+
+ $smtp->quit;
+
+=head1 CONSTRUCTOR
+
+=over 4
+
+=item new ( [ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ] )
+
+This is the constructor for a new Net::SMTP object. C<HOST> is the
+name of the remote host to which an SMTP connection is required.
+
+C<HOST> is optional. If C<HOST> is not given then it may instead be
+passed as the C<Host> option described below. If neither is given then
+the C<SMTP_Hosts> specified in C<Net::Config> will be used.
+
+C<OPTIONS> are passed in a hash like fashion, using key and value pairs.
+Possible options are:
+
+B<Hello> - SMTP requires that you identify yourself. This option
+specifies a string to pass as your mail domain. If not given localhost.localdomain
+will be used.
+
+B<Host> - SMTP host to connect to. It may be a single scalar, as defined for
+the C<PeerAddr> option in L<IO::Socket::INET>, or a reference to
+an array with hosts to try in turn. The L</host> method will return the value
+which was used to connect to the host.
+
+B<LocalAddr> and B<LocalPort> - These parameters are passed directly
+to IO::Socket to allow binding the socket to a local port.
+
+B<Timeout> - Maximum time, in seconds, to wait for a response from the
+SMTP server (default: 120)
+
+B<ExactAddresses> - If true the all ADDRESS arguments must be as
+defined by C<addr-spec> in RFC2822. If not given, or false, then
+Net::SMTP will attempt to extract the address from the value passed.
+
+B<Debug> - Enable debugging information
+
+
+Example:
+
+
+ $smtp = Net::SMTP->new('mailhost',
+ Hello => 'my.mail.domain'
+ Timeout => 30,
+ Debug => 1,
+ );
+
+ # the same
+ $smtp = Net::SMTP->new(
+ Host => 'mailhost',
+ Hello => 'my.mail.domain'
+ Timeout => 30,
+ Debug => 1,
+ );
+
+ # Connect to the default server from Net::config
+ $smtp = Net::SMTP->new(
+ Hello => 'my.mail.domain'
+ Timeout => 30,
+ );
+
+=back
+
+=head1 METHODS
+
+Unless otherwise stated all methods return either a I<true> or I<false>
+value, with I<true> meaning that the operation was a success. When a method
+states that it returns a value, failure will be returned as I<undef> or an
+empty list.
+
+=over 4
+
+=item banner ()
+
+Returns the banner message which the server replied with when the
+initial connection was made.
+
+=item domain ()
+
+Returns the domain that the remote SMTP server identified itself as during
+connection.
+
+=item hello ( DOMAIN )
+
+Tell the remote server the mail domain which you are in using the EHLO
+command (or HELO if EHLO fails). Since this method is invoked
+automatically when the Net::SMTP object is constructed the user should
+normally not have to call it manually.
+
+=item host ()
+
+Returns the value used by the constructor, and passed to IO::Socket::INET,
+to connect to the host.
+
+=item etrn ( DOMAIN )
+
+Request a queue run for the DOMAIN given.
+
+=item auth ( USERNAME, PASSWORD )
+
+Attempt SASL authentication.
+
+=item mail ( ADDRESS [, OPTIONS] )
+
+=item send ( ADDRESS )
+
+=item send_or_mail ( ADDRESS )
+
+=item send_and_mail ( ADDRESS )
+
+Send the appropriate command to the server MAIL, SEND, SOML or SAML. C<ADDRESS>
+is the address of the sender. This initiates the sending of a message. The
+method C<recipient> should be called for each address that the message is to
+be sent to.
+
+The C<mail> method can some additional ESMTP OPTIONS which is passed
+in hash like fashion, using key and value pairs. Possible options are:
+
+ Size => <bytes>
+ Return => "FULL" | "HDRS"
+ Bits => "7" | "8" | "binary"
+ Transaction => <ADDRESS>
+ Envelope => <ENVID>
+ XVERP => 1
+
+The C<Return> and C<Envelope> parameters are used for DSN (Delivery
+Status Notification).
+
+=item reset ()
+
+Reset the status of the server. This may be called after a message has been
+initiated, but before any data has been sent, to cancel the sending of the
+message.
+
+=item recipient ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS, [...]] [, OPTIONS ] )
+
+Notify the server that the current message should be sent to all of the
+addresses given. Each address is sent as a separate command to the server.
+Should the sending of any address result in a failure then the process is
+aborted and a I<false> value is returned. It is up to the user to call
+C<reset> if they so desire.
+
+The C<recipient> method can also pass additional case-sensitive OPTIONS as an
+anonymous hash using key and value pairs. Possible options are:
+
+ Notify => ['NEVER'] or ['SUCCESS','FAILURE','DELAY'] (see below)
+ SkipBad => 1 (to ignore bad addresses)
+
+If C<SkipBad> is true the C<recipient> will not return an error when a bad
+address is encountered and it will return an array of addresses that did
+succeed.
+
+ $smtp->recipient($recipient1,$recipient2); # Good
+ $smtp->recipient($recipient1,$recipient2, { SkipBad => 1 }); # Good
+ $smtp->recipient($recipient1,$recipient2, { Notify => ['FAILURE','DELAY'], SkipBad => 1 }); # Good
+ @goodrecips=$smtp->recipient(@recipients, { Notify => ['FAILURE'], SkipBad => 1 }); # Good
+ $smtp->recipient("$recipient,$recipient2"); # BAD
+
+Notify is used to request Delivery Status Notifications (DSNs), but your
+SMTP/ESMTP service may not respect this request depending upon its version and
+your site's SMTP configuration.
+
+Leaving out the Notify option usually defaults an SMTP service to its default
+behavior equivalent to ['FAILURE'] notifications only, but again this may be
+dependent upon your site's SMTP configuration.
+
+The NEVER keyword must appear by itself if used within the Notify option and "requests
+that a DSN not be returned to the sender under any conditions."
+
+ {Notify => ['NEVER']}
+
+ $smtp->recipient(@recipients, { Notify => ['NEVER'], SkipBad => 1 }); # Good
+
+You may use any combination of these three values 'SUCCESS','FAILURE','DELAY' in
+the anonymous array reference as defined by RFC3461 (see http://rfc.net/rfc3461.html
+for more information. Note: quotations in this topic from same.).
+
+A Notify parameter of 'SUCCESS' or 'FAILURE' "requests that a DSN be issued on
+successful delivery or delivery failure, respectively."
+
+A Notify parameter of 'DELAY' "indicates the sender's willingness to receive
+delayed DSNs. Delayed DSNs may be issued if delivery of a message has been
+delayed for an unusual amount of time (as determined by the Message Transfer
+Agent (MTA) at which the message is delayed), but the final delivery status
+(whether successful or failure) cannot be determined. The absence of the DELAY
+keyword in a NOTIFY parameter requests that a "delayed" DSN NOT be issued under
+any conditions."
+
+ {Notify => ['SUCCESS','FAILURE','DELAY']}
+
+ $smtp->recipient(@recipients, { Notify => ['FAILURE','DELAY'], SkipBad => 1 }); # Good
+
+=item to ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] )
+
+=item cc ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] )
+
+=item bcc ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] )
+
+Synonyms for C<recipient>.
+
+=item data ( [ DATA ] )
+
+Initiate the sending of the data from the current message.
+
+C<DATA> may be a reference to a list or a list. If specified the contents
+of C<DATA> and a termination string C<".\r\n"> is sent to the server. And the
+result will be true if the data was accepted.
+
+If C<DATA> is not specified then the result will indicate that the server
+wishes the data to be sent. The data must then be sent using the C<datasend>
+and C<dataend> methods described in L<Net::Cmd>.
+
+=item expand ( ADDRESS )
+
+Request the server to expand the given address Returns an array
+which contains the text read from the server.
+
+=item verify ( ADDRESS )
+
+Verify that C<ADDRESS> is a legitimate mailing address.
+
+Most sites usually disable this feature in their SMTP service configuration.
+Use "Debug => 1" option under new() to see if disabled.
+
+=item help ( [ $subject ] )
+
+Request help text from the server. Returns the text or undef upon failure
+
+=item quit ()
+
+Send the QUIT command to the remote SMTP server and close the socket connection.
+
+=back
+
+=head1 ADDRESSES
+
+Net::SMTP attempts to DWIM with addresses that are passed. For
+example an application might extract The From: line from an email
+and pass that to mail(). While this may work, it is not recommended.
+The application should really use a module like L<Mail::Address>
+to extract the mail address and pass that.
+
+If C<ExactAddresses> is passed to the constructor, then addresses
+should be a valid rfc2821-quoted address, although Net::SMTP will
+accept accept the address surrounded by angle brackets.
+
+ funny user@domain WRONG
+ "funny user"@domain RIGHT, recommended
+ <"funny user"@domain> OK
+
+=head1 SEE ALSO
+
+L<Net::Cmd>
+
+=head1 AUTHOR
+
+Graham Barr <gbarr@pobox.com>
+
+=head1 COPYRIGHT
+
+Copyright (c) 1995-2004 Graham Barr. All rights reserved.
+This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+it under the same terms as Perl itself.
+
+=cut
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