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ext/POSIX/t/posix.t -- neuter final test on VOS
[perl5.git] / regexec.c
index 712c4d9..f2d4b3d 100644 (file)
--- a/regexec.c
+++ b/regexec.c
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@
  *
  ****    Alterations to Henry's code are...
  ****
- ****    Copyright (c) 1991-2001, Larry Wall
+ ****    Copyright (c) 1991-2002, Larry Wall
  ****
  ****    You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
  ****    License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
 #define        STATIC  static
 #endif
 
+#define REGINCLASS(p,c)  (ANYOF_FLAGS(p) ? reginclass(p,c,0,0) : ANYOF_BITMAP_TEST(p,*(c)))
+
 /*
  * Forwards.
  */
 
-#define CHR_SVLEN(sv) (UTF ? sv_len_utf8(sv) : SvCUR(sv))
+#define CHR_SVLEN(sv) (do_utf8 ? sv_len_utf8(sv) : SvCUR(sv))
 #define CHR_DIST(a,b) (PL_reg_match_utf8 ? utf8_distance(a,b) : a - b)
 
 #define reghop_c(pos,off) ((char*)reghop((U8*)pos, off))
 #define HOPMAYBEc(pos,off) ((char*)HOPMAYBE(pos,off))
 
 #define HOPBACK(pos, off) (            \
-    (UTF && PL_reg_match_utf8)         \
+    (PL_reg_match_utf8)                        \
        ? reghopmaybe((U8*)pos, -off)   \
     : (pos - off >= PL_bostr)          \
        ? (U8*)(pos - off)              \
 #define HOP3c(pos,off,lim) ((char*)HOP3(pos,off,lim))
 #define HOPMAYBE3c(pos,off,lim) ((char*)HOPMAYBE3(pos,off,lim))
 
-#define LOAD_UTF8_CHARCLASS(a,b) STMT_START { if (!CAT2(PL_utf8_,a)) (void)CAT2(is_utf8_, a)((U8*)b); } STMT_END
+#define LOAD_UTF8_CHARCLASS(a,b) STMT_START { if (!CAT2(PL_utf8_,a)) { ENTER; save_re_context(); (void)CAT2(is_utf8_, a)((U8*)b); LEAVE; } } STMT_END
 
 /* for use after a quantifier and before an EXACT-like node -- japhy */
 #define JUMPABLE(rn) ( \
     OP(rn) == OPEN || OP(rn) == CLOSE || OP(rn) == EVAL || \
-    OP(rn) == SUSPEND || OP(rn) == IFMATCH \
+    OP(rn) == SUSPEND || OP(rn) == IFMATCH || \
+    OP(rn) == PLUS || OP(rn) == MINMOD || \
+    (PL_regkind[(U8)OP(rn)] == CURLY && ARG1(rn) > 0) \
 )
 
-#define NEAR_EXACT(rn) (PL_regkind[(U8)OP(rn)] == EXACT || JUMPABLE(rn))
+#define HAS_TEXT(rn) ( \
+    PL_regkind[(U8)OP(rn)] == EXACT || PL_regkind[(U8)OP(rn)] == REF \
+)
 
-#define NEXT_IMPT(rn) STMT_START { \
+/*
+  Search for mandatory following text node; for lookahead, the text must
+  follow but for lookbehind (rn->flags != 0) we skip to the next step.
+*/
+#define FIND_NEXT_IMPT(rn) STMT_START { \
     while (JUMPABLE(rn)) \
-       if (OP(rn) == SUSPEND || OP(rn) == IFMATCH) \
+       if (OP(rn) == SUSPEND || PL_regkind[(U8)OP(rn)] == CURLY) \
            rn = NEXTOPER(NEXTOPER(rn)); \
+       else if (OP(rn) == PLUS) \
+           rn = NEXTOPER(rn); \
+       else if (OP(rn) == IFMATCH) \
+           rn = (rn->flags == 0) ? NEXTOPER(NEXTOPER(rn)) : rn + ARG(rn); \
        else rn += NEXT_OFF(rn); \
 } STMT_END 
 
@@ -378,19 +392,32 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_ regexp *prog, SV *sv, char *strpos,
     register SV *check;
     char *strbeg;
     char *t;
+    int do_utf8 = sv ? SvUTF8(sv) : 0; /* if no sv we have to assume bytes */
     I32 ml_anch;
     register char *other_last = Nullch;        /* other substr checked before this */
     char *check_at = Nullch;           /* check substr found at this pos */
 #ifdef DEBUGGING
     char *i_strpos = strpos;
-    SV *dsv = sv_2mortal(newSVpvn("", 0));
+    SV *dsv = PERL_DEBUG_PAD_ZERO(0);
 #endif
 
+    if (prog->reganch & ROPT_UTF8) {
+       DEBUG_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+                             "UTF-8 regex...\n"));
+       PL_reg_flags |= RF_utf8;
+    }
+
     DEBUG_r({
-        char*s   = UTF ? sv_uni_display(dsv, sv, 60, 0) : strpos;
-        int  len = UTF ? strlen(s) : strend - strpos;
+        char *s   = PL_reg_match_utf8 ?
+                        sv_uni_display(dsv, sv, 60, UNI_DISPLAY_REGEX) :
+                        strpos;
+        int   len = PL_reg_match_utf8 ?
+                        strlen(s) : strend - strpos;
         if (!PL_colorset)
              reginitcolors();
+        if (PL_reg_match_utf8)
+            DEBUG_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+                                  "UTF-8 target...\n"));
         PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
                       "%sGuessing start of match, REx%s `%s%.60s%s%s' against `%s%.*s%s%s'...\n",
                       PL_colors[4],PL_colors[5],PL_colors[0],
@@ -404,9 +431,6 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_ regexp *prog, SV *sv, char *strpos,
              );
     });
 
-    if (prog->reganch & ROPT_UTF8)
-       PL_reg_flags |= RF_utf8;
-
     if (prog->minlen > CHR_DIST((U8*)strend, (U8*)strpos)) {
        DEBUG_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
                              "String too short... [re_intuit_start]\n"));
@@ -414,7 +438,20 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_ regexp *prog, SV *sv, char *strpos,
     }
     strbeg = (sv && SvPOK(sv)) ? strend - SvCUR(sv) : strpos;
     PL_regeol = strend;
-    check = prog->check_substr;
+    if (do_utf8) {
+       if (!prog->check_utf8 && prog->check_substr)
+           to_utf8_substr(prog);
+       check = prog->check_utf8;
+    } else {
+       if (!prog->check_substr && prog->check_utf8)
+           to_byte_substr(prog);
+       check = prog->check_substr;
+    }
+   if (check == &PL_sv_undef) {
+       DEBUG_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+               "Non-utf string cannot match utf check string\n"));
+       goto fail;
+    }
     if (prog->reganch & ROPT_ANCH) {   /* Match at beg-of-str or after \n */
        ml_anch = !( (prog->reganch & ROPT_ANCH_SINGLE)
                     || ( (prog->reganch & ROPT_ANCH_BOL)
@@ -520,7 +557,7 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_ regexp *prog, SV *sv, char *strpos,
 
     DEBUG_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "%s %s substr `%s%.*s%s'%s%s",
                          (s ? "Found" : "Did not find"),
-                         ((check == prog->anchored_substr) ? "anchored" : "floating"),
+                         (check == (do_utf8 ? prog->anchored_utf8 : prog->anchored_substr) ? "anchored" : "floating"),
                          PL_colors[0],
                          (int)(SvCUR(check) - (SvTAIL(check)!=0)),
                          SvPVX(check),
@@ -543,16 +580,17 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_ regexp *prog, SV *sv, char *strpos,
        Probably it is right to do no SCREAM here...
      */
 
-    if (prog->float_substr && prog->anchored_substr) {
+    if (do_utf8 ? (prog->float_utf8 && prog->anchored_utf8) : (prog->float_substr && prog->anchored_substr)) {
        /* Take into account the "other" substring. */
        /* XXXX May be hopelessly wrong for UTF... */
        if (!other_last)
            other_last = strpos;
-       if (check == prog->float_substr) {
+       if (check == (do_utf8 ? prog->float_utf8 : prog->float_substr)) {
          do_other_anchored:
            {
                char *last = HOP3c(s, -start_shift, strbeg), *last1, *last2;
                char *s1 = s;
+               SV* must;
 
                t = s - prog->check_offset_max;
                if (s - strpos > prog->check_offset_max  /* signed-corrected t > strpos */
@@ -570,20 +608,27 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_ regexp *prog, SV *sv, char *strpos,
                    last1 = last;
  /* XXXX It is not documented what units *_offsets are in.  Assume bytes.  */
                /* On end-of-str: see comment below. */
-               s = fbm_instr((unsigned char*)t,
-                             HOP3(HOP3(last1, prog->anchored_offset, strend)
-                                  + SvCUR(prog->anchored_substr),
-                                  -(SvTAIL(prog->anchored_substr)!=0), strbeg),
-                             prog->anchored_substr,
-                             PL_multiline ? FBMrf_MULTILINE : 0);
+               must = do_utf8 ? prog->anchored_utf8 : prog->anchored_substr;
+               if (must == &PL_sv_undef) {
+                   s = (char*)NULL;
+                   DEBUG_r(must = prog->anchored_utf8);        /* for debug */
+               }
+               else
+                   s = fbm_instr(
+                       (unsigned char*)t,
+                       HOP3(HOP3(last1, prog->anchored_offset, strend)
+                               + SvCUR(must), -(SvTAIL(must)!=0), strbeg),
+                       must,
+                       PL_multiline ? FBMrf_MULTILINE : 0
+                   );
                DEBUG_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
                        "%s anchored substr `%s%.*s%s'%s",
                        (s ? "Found" : "Contradicts"),
                        PL_colors[0],
-                         (int)(SvCUR(prog->anchored_substr)
-                         - (SvTAIL(prog->anchored_substr)!=0)),
-                         SvPVX(prog->anchored_substr),
-                         PL_colors[1], (SvTAIL(prog->anchored_substr) ? "$" : "")));
+                         (int)(SvCUR(must)
+                         - (SvTAIL(must)!=0)),
+                         SvPVX(must),
+                         PL_colors[1], (SvTAIL(must) ? "$" : "")));
                if (!s) {
                    if (last1 >= last2) {
                        DEBUG_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
@@ -610,54 +655,60 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_ regexp *prog, SV *sv, char *strpos,
            }
        }
        else {          /* Take into account the floating substring. */
-               char *last, *last1;
-               char *s1 = s;
-
-               t = HOP3c(s, -start_shift, strbeg);
-               last1 = last =
-                   HOP3c(strend, -prog->minlen + prog->float_min_offset, strbeg);
-               if (CHR_DIST((U8*)last, (U8*)t) > prog->float_max_offset)
-                   last = HOP3c(t, prog->float_max_offset, strend);
-               s = HOP3c(t, prog->float_min_offset, strend);
-               if (s < other_last)
-                   s = other_last;
+           char *last, *last1;
+           char *s1 = s;
+           SV* must;
+
+           t = HOP3c(s, -start_shift, strbeg);
+           last1 = last =
+               HOP3c(strend, -prog->minlen + prog->float_min_offset, strbeg);
+           if (CHR_DIST((U8*)last, (U8*)t) > prog->float_max_offset)
+               last = HOP3c(t, prog->float_max_offset, strend);
+           s = HOP3c(t, prog->float_min_offset, strend);
+           if (s < other_last)
+               s = other_last;
  /* XXXX It is not documented what units *_offsets are in.  Assume bytes.  */
-               /* fbm_instr() takes into account exact value of end-of-str
-                  if the check is SvTAIL(ed).  Since false positives are OK,
-                  and end-of-str is not later than strend we are OK. */
+           must = do_utf8 ? prog->float_utf8 : prog->float_substr;
+           /* fbm_instr() takes into account exact value of end-of-str
+              if the check is SvTAIL(ed).  Since false positives are OK,
+              and end-of-str is not later than strend we are OK. */
+           if (must == &PL_sv_undef) {
+               s = (char*)NULL;
+               DEBUG_r(must = prog->float_utf8);       /* for debug message */
+           }
+           else
                s = fbm_instr((unsigned char*)s,
-                             (unsigned char*)last + SvCUR(prog->float_substr)
-                                 - (SvTAIL(prog->float_substr)!=0),
-                             prog->float_substr, PL_multiline ? FBMrf_MULTILINE : 0);
-               DEBUG_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "%s floating substr `%s%.*s%s'%s",
-                       (s ? "Found" : "Contradicts"),
-                       PL_colors[0],
-                         (int)(SvCUR(prog->float_substr)
-                         - (SvTAIL(prog->float_substr)!=0)),
-                         SvPVX(prog->float_substr),
-                         PL_colors[1], (SvTAIL(prog->float_substr) ? "$" : "")));
-               if (!s) {
-                   if (last1 == last) {
-                       DEBUG_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
-                                               ", giving up...\n"));
-                       goto fail_finish;
-                   }
+                             (unsigned char*)last + SvCUR(must)
+                                 - (SvTAIL(must)!=0),
+                             must, PL_multiline ? FBMrf_MULTILINE : 0);
+           DEBUG_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "%s floating substr `%s%.*s%s'%s",
+                   (s ? "Found" : "Contradicts"),
+                   PL_colors[0],
+                     (int)(SvCUR(must) - (SvTAIL(must)!=0)),
+                     SvPVX(must),
+                     PL_colors[1], (SvTAIL(must) ? "$" : "")));
+           if (!s) {
+               if (last1 == last) {
                    DEBUG_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
-                       ", trying anchored starting at offset %ld...\n",
-                       (long)(s1 + 1 - i_strpos)));
-                   other_last = last;
-                   s = HOP3c(t, 1, strend);
-                   goto restart;
-               }
-               else {
-                   DEBUG_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, " at offset %ld...\n",
-                         (long)(s - i_strpos)));
-                   other_last = s; /* Fix this later. --Hugo */
-                   s = s1;
-                   if (t == strpos)
-                       goto try_at_start;
-                   goto try_at_offset;
+                                           ", giving up...\n"));
+                   goto fail_finish;
                }
+               DEBUG_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+                   ", trying anchored starting at offset %ld...\n",
+                   (long)(s1 + 1 - i_strpos)));
+               other_last = last;
+               s = HOP3c(t, 1, strend);
+               goto restart;
+           }
+           else {
+               DEBUG_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, " at offset %ld...\n",
+                     (long)(s - i_strpos)));
+               other_last = s; /* Fix this later. --Hugo */
+               s = s1;
+               if (t == strpos)
+                   goto try_at_start;
+               goto try_at_offset;
+           }
        }
     }
 
@@ -680,7 +731,7 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_ regexp *prog, SV *sv, char *strpos,
            while (t < strend - prog->minlen) {
                if (*t == '\n') {
                    if (t < check_at - prog->check_offset_min) {
-                       if (prog->anchored_substr) {
+                       if (do_utf8 ? prog->anchored_utf8 : prog->anchored_substr) {
                            /* Since we moved from the found position,
                               we definitely contradict the found anchored
                               substr.  Due to the above check we do not
@@ -720,7 +771,7 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_ regexp *prog, SV *sv, char *strpos,
        }
        s = t;
       set_useful:
-       ++BmUSEFUL(prog->check_substr); /* hooray/5 */
+       ++BmUSEFUL(do_utf8 ? prog->check_utf8 : prog->check_substr);    /* hooray/5 */
     }
     else {
        /* The found string does not prohibit matching at strpos,
@@ -744,15 +795,23 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_ regexp *prog, SV *sv, char *strpos,
        );
       success_at_start:
        if (!(prog->reganch & ROPT_NAUGHTY)     /* XXXX If strpos moved? */
-           && prog->check_substr               /* Could be deleted already */
-           && --BmUSEFUL(prog->check_substr) < 0
-           && prog->check_substr == prog->float_substr)
+           && (do_utf8 ? (
+               prog->check_utf8                /* Could be deleted already */
+               && --BmUSEFUL(prog->check_utf8) < 0
+               && (prog->check_utf8 == prog->float_utf8)
+           ) : (
+               prog->check_substr              /* Could be deleted already */
+               && --BmUSEFUL(prog->check_substr) < 0
+               && (prog->check_substr == prog->float_substr)
+           )))
        {
            /* If flags & SOMETHING - do not do it many times on the same match */
            DEBUG_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "... Disabling check substring...\n"));
-           SvREFCNT_dec(prog->check_substr);
-           prog->check_substr = Nullsv;        /* disable */
-           prog->float_substr = Nullsv;        /* clear */
+           SvREFCNT_dec(do_utf8 ? prog->check_utf8 : prog->check_substr);
+           if (do_utf8 ? prog->check_substr : prog->check_utf8)
+               SvREFCNT_dec(do_utf8 ? prog->check_substr : prog->check_utf8);
+           prog->check_substr = prog->check_utf8 = Nullsv;     /* disable */
+           prog->float_substr = prog->float_utf8 = Nullsv;     /* clear */
            check = Nullsv;                     /* abort */
            s = strpos;
            /* XXXX This is a remnant of the old implementation.  It
@@ -779,9 +838,9 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_ regexp *prog, SV *sv, char *strpos,
        int cl_l = (PL_regkind[(U8)OP(prog->regstclass)] == EXACT
                    ? CHR_DIST(str+STR_LEN(prog->regstclass), str)
                    : 1);
-       char *endpos = (prog->anchored_substr || ml_anch)
+       char *endpos = (prog->anchored_substr || prog->anchored_utf8 || ml_anch)
                ? HOP3c(s, (prog->minlen ? cl_l : 0), strend)
-               : (prog->float_substr
+               : (prog->float_substr || prog->float_utf8
                   ? HOP3c(HOP3c(check_at, -start_shift, strbeg),
                           cl_l, strend)
                   : strend);
@@ -807,8 +866,8 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_ regexp *prog, SV *sv, char *strpos,
            if ((prog->reganch & ROPT_ANCH) && !ml_anch)
                goto fail;
            /* Contradict one of substrings */
-           if (prog->anchored_substr) {
-               if (prog->anchored_substr == check) {
+           if (prog->anchored_substr || prog->anchored_utf8) {
+               if ((do_utf8 ? prog->anchored_utf8 : prog->anchored_substr) == check) {
                    DEBUG_r( what = "anchored" );
                  hop_and_restart:
                    s = HOP3c(t, 1, strend);
@@ -848,7 +907,7 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_ regexp *prog, SV *sv, char *strpos,
                          PL_colors[0],PL_colors[1], (long)(t - i_strpos)) );
                goto try_at_offset;
            }
-           if (!prog->float_substr)    /* Could have been deleted */
+           if (!(do_utf8 ? prog->float_utf8 : prog->float_substr))     /* Could have been deleted */
                goto fail;
            /* Check is floating subtring. */
          retry_floating_check:
@@ -875,8 +934,8 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_ regexp *prog, SV *sv, char *strpos,
     return s;
 
   fail_finish:                         /* Substring not found */
-    if (prog->check_substr)            /* could be removed already */
-       BmUSEFUL(prog->check_substr) += 5; /* hooray */
+    if (prog->check_substr || prog->check_utf8)                /* could be removed already */
+       BmUSEFUL(do_utf8 ? prog->check_utf8 : prog->check_substr) += 5; /* hooray */
   fail:
     DEBUG_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "%sMatch rejected by optimizer%s\n",
                          PL_colors[4],PL_colors[5]));
@@ -900,15 +959,24 @@ S_find_byclass(pTHX_ regexp * prog, regnode *c, char *s, char *strend, char *sta
        switch (OP(c)) {
        case ANYOF:
            while (s < strend) {
-               if (reginclass(c, (U8*)s, do_utf8)) {
+               STRLEN skip = do_utf8 ? UTF8SKIP(s) : 1;
+                 
+               if (do_utf8 ?
+                   reginclass(c, (U8*)s, 0, do_utf8) :
+                   REGINCLASS(c, (U8*)s) ||
+                   (ANYOF_FOLD_SHARP_S(c, s, strend) &&
+                    /* The assignment of 2 is intentional:
+                     * for the sharp s, the skip is 2. */
+                    (skip = SHARP_S_SKIP)
+                    )) {
                    if (tmp && (norun || regtry(prog, s)))
                        goto got_it;
                    else
                        tmp = doevery;
                }
-               else
+               else 
                    tmp = 1;
-               s += do_utf8 ? UTF8SKIP(s) : 1;
+               s += skip;
            }
            break;
        case CANY:
@@ -925,14 +993,14 @@ S_find_byclass(pTHX_ regexp * prog, regnode *c, char *s, char *strend, char *sta
            ln = STR_LEN(c);
            if (UTF) {
                STRLEN ulen1, ulen2;
-               U8 tmpbuf1[UTF8_MAXLEN*2+1];
-               U8 tmpbuf2[UTF8_MAXLEN*2+1];
+               U8 tmpbuf1[UTF8_MAXLEN_UCLC+1];
+               U8 tmpbuf2[UTF8_MAXLEN_UCLC+1];
 
                to_utf8_lower((U8*)m, tmpbuf1, &ulen1);
                to_utf8_upper((U8*)m, tmpbuf2, &ulen2);
 
-               c1 = utf8_to_uvuni(tmpbuf1, 0);
-               c2 = utf8_to_uvuni(tmpbuf2, 0);
+               c1 = utf8_to_uvchr(tmpbuf1, 0);
+               c2 = utf8_to_uvchr(tmpbuf2, 0);
            }
            else {
                c1 = *(U8*)m;
@@ -945,27 +1013,90 @@ S_find_byclass(pTHX_ regexp * prog, regnode *c, char *s, char *strend, char *sta
            c1 = *(U8*)m;
            c2 = PL_fold_locale[c1];
          do_exactf:
-           e = strend - ln;
+           e = do_utf8 ? s + ln : strend - ln;
 
            if (norun && e < s)
                e = s;                  /* Due to minlen logic of intuit() */
 
+           /* The idea in the EXACTF* cases is to first find the
+            * first character of the EXACTF* node and then, if
+            * necessary, case-insensitively compare the full
+            * text of the node.  The c1 and c2 are the first
+            * characters (though in Unicode it gets a bit
+            * more complicated because there are more cases
+            * than just upper and lower: one needs to use
+            * the so-called folding case for case-insensitive
+            * matching (called "loose matching" in Unicode).
+            * ibcmp_utf8() will do just that. */
+
            if (do_utf8) {
-               STRLEN len;
-               if (c1 == c2)
+               UV c, f;
+               U8 tmpbuf [UTF8_MAXLEN+1];
+               U8 foldbuf[UTF8_MAXLEN_FOLD+1];
+               STRLEN len, foldlen;
+               
+               if (c1 == c2) {
                    while (s <= e) {
-                       if ( utf8_to_uvchr((U8*)s, &len) == c1
-                            && regtry(prog, s) )
+                       c = utf8_to_uvchr((U8*)s, &len);
+                       if ( c == c1
+                            && (ln == len ||
+                                ibcmp_utf8(s, (char **)0, 0,  do_utf8,
+                                           m, (char **)0, ln, UTF))
+                            && (norun || regtry(prog, s)) )
                            goto got_it;
+                       else {
+                            uvchr_to_utf8(tmpbuf, c);
+                            f = to_utf8_fold(tmpbuf, foldbuf, &foldlen);
+                            if ( f != c
+                                 && (f == c1 || f == c2)
+                                 && (ln == foldlen ||
+                                     !ibcmp_utf8((char *) foldbuf,
+                                                 (char **)0, foldlen, do_utf8,
+                                                 m,
+                                                 (char **)0, ln,      UTF))
+                                 && (norun || regtry(prog, s)) )
+                                 goto got_it;
+                       }
                        s += len;
                    }
-               else
+               }
+               else {
                    while (s <= e) {
-                       UV c = utf8_to_uvchr((U8*)s, &len);
-                       if ( (c == c1 || c == c2) && regtry(prog, s) )
+                       c = utf8_to_uvchr((U8*)s, &len);
+
+                       /* Handle some of the three Greek sigmas cases.
+                        * Note that not all the possible combinations
+                        * are handled here: some of them are handled
+                        * by the standard folding rules, and some of
+                        * them (the character class or ANYOF cases)
+                        * are handled during compiletime in
+                        * regexec.c:S_regclass(). */
+                       if (c == (UV)UNICODE_GREEK_CAPITAL_LETTER_SIGMA ||
+                           c == (UV)UNICODE_GREEK_SMALL_LETTER_FINAL_SIGMA)
+                           c = (UV)UNICODE_GREEK_SMALL_LETTER_SIGMA;
+
+                       if ( (c == c1 || c == c2)
+                            && (ln == len ||
+                                ibcmp_utf8(s, (char **)0, 0,  do_utf8,
+                                           m, (char **)0, ln, UTF))
+                            && (norun || regtry(prog, s)) )
                            goto got_it;
+                       else {
+                            uvchr_to_utf8(tmpbuf, c);
+                            f = to_utf8_fold(tmpbuf, foldbuf, &foldlen);
+                            if ( f != c
+                                 && (f == c1 || f == c2)
+                                 && (ln == foldlen ||
+                                     !ibcmp_utf8((char *) foldbuf,
+                                                 (char **)0, foldlen, do_utf8,
+                                                 m,
+                                                 (char **)0, ln,      UTF))
+                                 && (norun || regtry(prog, s)) )
+                                 goto got_it;
+                       }
                        s += len;
                    }
+               }
            }
            else {
                if (c1 == c2)
@@ -998,10 +1129,9 @@ S_find_byclass(pTHX_ regexp * prog, regnode *c, char *s, char *strend, char *sta
                if (s == PL_bostr)
                    tmp = '\n';
                else {
-                   U8 *r = reghop3((U8*)s, -1, (U8*)startpos);
+                   U8 *r = reghop3((U8*)s, -1, (U8*)PL_bostr);
                
-                   if (s > (char*)r)
-                       tmp = (I32)utf8n_to_uvchr(r, s - (char*)r, 0, 0);
+                   tmp = utf8n_to_uvchr(r, UTF8SKIP(r), 0, 0);
                }
                tmp = ((OP(c) == BOUND ?
                        isALNUM_uni(tmp) : isALNUM_LC_uvchr(UNI_TO_NATIVE(tmp))) != 0);
@@ -1042,10 +1172,9 @@ S_find_byclass(pTHX_ regexp * prog, regnode *c, char *s, char *strend, char *sta
                if (s == PL_bostr)
                    tmp = '\n';
                else {
-                   U8 *r = reghop3((U8*)s, -1, (U8*)startpos);
+                   U8 *r = reghop3((U8*)s, -1, (U8*)PL_bostr);
                
-                   if (s > (char*)r)
-                       tmp = (I32)utf8n_to_uvchr(r, s - (char*)r, 0, 0);
+                   tmp = utf8n_to_uvchr(r, UTF8SKIP(r), 0, 0);
                }
                tmp = ((OP(c) == NBOUND ?
                        isALNUM_uni(tmp) : isALNUM_LC_uvchr(UNI_TO_NATIVE(tmp))) != 0);
@@ -1458,7 +1587,8 @@ Perl_regexec_flags(pTHX_ register regexp *prog, char *stringarg, register char *
     SV* oreplsv = GvSV(PL_replgv);
     bool do_utf8 = DO_UTF8(sv);
 #ifdef DEBUGGING
-    SV *dsv = sv_2mortal(newSVpvn("", 0));
+    SV *dsv0 = PERL_DEBUG_PAD_ZERO(0);
+    SV *dsv1 = PERL_DEBUG_PAD_ZERO(1);
 #endif
 
     PL_regcc = 0;
@@ -1530,8 +1660,7 @@ Perl_regexec_flags(pTHX_ register regexp *prog, char *stringarg, register char *
            PL_reg_ganch = strbeg;
     }
 
-    if (do_utf8 == (UTF!=0) &&
-       !(flags & REXEC_CHECKED) && prog->check_substr != Nullsv) {
+    if (!(flags & REXEC_CHECKED) && (prog->check_substr != Nullsv || prog->check_utf8 != Nullsv)) {
        re_scream_pos_data d;
 
        d.scream_olds = &scream_olds;
@@ -1544,20 +1673,26 @@ Perl_regexec_flags(pTHX_ register regexp *prog, char *stringarg, register char *
     }
 
     DEBUG_r({
-        char *s   = do_utf8 ? sv_uni_display(dsv, sv, 60, 0) : startpos;
-        int   len = do_utf8 ? strlen(s) : strend - startpos;
+        char *s0   = UTF ?
+          pv_uni_display(dsv0, (U8*)prog->precomp, prog->prelen, 60,
+                         UNI_DISPLAY_REGEX) :
+          prog->precomp;
+        int   len0 = UTF ? SvCUR(dsv0) : prog->prelen;
+        char *s1   = do_utf8 ? sv_uni_display(dsv1, sv, 60,
+                                              UNI_DISPLAY_REGEX) : startpos;
+        int   len1 = do_utf8 ? SvCUR(dsv1) : strend - startpos;
         if (!PL_colorset)
             reginitcolors();
         PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
-                      "%sMatching REx%s `%s%.60s%s%s' against `%s%.*s%s%s'\n",
+                      "%sMatching REx%s `%s%*.*s%s%s' against `%s%.*s%s%s'\n",
                       PL_colors[4],PL_colors[5],PL_colors[0],
-                      prog->precomp,
+                      len0, len0, s0,
                       PL_colors[1],
-                      (strlen(prog->precomp) > 60 ? "..." : ""),
+                      len0 > 60 ? "..." : "",
                       PL_colors[0],
-                      (int)(len > 60 ? 60 : len),
-                      s, PL_colors[1],
-                      (len > 60 ? "..." : "")
+                      (int)(len1 > 60 ? 60 : len1),
+                      s1, PL_colors[1],
+                      (len1 > 60 ? "..." : "")
              );
     });
 
@@ -1575,7 +1710,7 @@ Perl_regexec_flags(pTHX_ register regexp *prog, char *stringarg, register char *
                dontbother = minlen - 1;
            end = HOP3c(strend, -dontbother, strbeg) - 1;
            /* for multiline we only have to try after newlines */
-           if (prog->check_substr) {
+           if (prog->check_substr || prog->check_utf8) {
                if (s == startpos)
                    goto after_try;
                while (1) {
@@ -1611,13 +1746,16 @@ Perl_regexec_flags(pTHX_ register regexp *prog, char *stringarg, register char *
     }
 
     /* Messy cases:  unanchored match. */
-    if (prog->anchored_substr && prog->reganch & ROPT_SKIP) {
+    if ((prog->anchored_substr || prog->anchored_utf8) && prog->reganch & ROPT_SKIP) {
        /* we have /x+whatever/ */
        /* it must be a one character string (XXXX Except UTF?) */
-       char ch = SvPVX(prog->anchored_substr)[0];
+       char ch;
 #ifdef DEBUGGING
        int did_match = 0;
 #endif
+       if (!(do_utf8 ? prog->anchored_utf8 : prog->anchored_substr))
+           do_utf8 ? to_utf8_substr(prog) : to_byte_substr(prog);
+       ch = SvPVX(do_utf8 ? prog->anchored_utf8 : prog->anchored_substr)[0];
 
        if (do_utf8) {
            while (s < strend) {
@@ -1649,23 +1787,37 @@ Perl_regexec_flags(pTHX_ register regexp *prog, char *stringarg, register char *
                );
     }
     /*SUPPRESS 560*/
-    else if (do_utf8 == (UTF!=0) &&
-            (prog->anchored_substr != Nullsv
-             || (prog->float_substr != Nullsv
-                 && prog->float_max_offset < strend - s))) {
-       SV *must = prog->anchored_substr
-           ? prog->anchored_substr : prog->float_substr;
-       I32 back_max =
-           prog->anchored_substr ? prog->anchored_offset : prog->float_max_offset;
-       I32 back_min =
-           prog->anchored_substr ? prog->anchored_offset : prog->float_min_offset;
-       char *last = HOP3c(strend,      /* Cannot start after this */
-                         -(I32)(CHR_SVLEN(must)
-                                - (SvTAIL(must) != 0) + back_min), strbeg);
+    else if (prog->anchored_substr != Nullsv
+             || prog->anchored_utf8 != Nullsv
+             || ((prog->float_substr != Nullsv || prog->float_utf8 != Nullsv)
+                 && prog->float_max_offset < strend - s)) {
+       SV *must;
+       I32 back_max;
+       I32 back_min;
+       char *last;
        char *last1;            /* Last position checked before */
 #ifdef DEBUGGING
        int did_match = 0;
 #endif
+       if (prog->anchored_substr || prog->anchored_utf8) {
+           if (!(do_utf8 ? prog->anchored_utf8 : prog->anchored_substr))
+               do_utf8 ? to_utf8_substr(prog) : to_byte_substr(prog);
+           must = do_utf8 ? prog->anchored_utf8 : prog->anchored_substr;
+           back_max = back_min = prog->anchored_offset;
+       } else {
+           if (!(do_utf8 ? prog->float_utf8 : prog->float_substr))
+               do_utf8 ? to_utf8_substr(prog) : to_byte_substr(prog);
+           must = do_utf8 ? prog->float_utf8 : prog->float_substr;
+           back_max = prog->float_max_offset;
+           back_min = prog->float_min_offset;
+       }
+       if (must == &PL_sv_undef)
+           /* could not downgrade utf8 check substring, so must fail */
+           goto phooey;
+
+       last = HOP3c(strend,    /* Cannot start after this */
+                         -(I32)(CHR_SVLEN(must)
+                                - (SvTAIL(must) != 0) + back_min), strbeg);
 
        if (s > PL_bostr)
            last1 = HOPc(s, -1);
@@ -1713,7 +1865,7 @@ Perl_regexec_flags(pTHX_ register regexp *prog, char *stringarg, register char *
        DEBUG_r(if (!did_match)
                     PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, 
                                   "Did not find %s substr `%s%.*s%s'%s...\n",
-                             ((must == prog->anchored_substr)
+                             ((must == prog->anchored_substr || must == prog->anchored_utf8)
                               ? "anchored" : "floating"),
                              PL_colors[0],
                              (int)(SvCUR(must) - (SvTAIL(must)!=0)),
@@ -1728,8 +1880,24 @@ Perl_regexec_flags(pTHX_ register regexp *prog, char *stringarg, register char *
            strend = HOPc(strend, -(minlen - 1));
        DEBUG_r({
            SV *prop = sv_newmortal();
+           char *s0;
+           char *s1;
+           int len0;
+           int len1;
+
            regprop(prop, c);
-           PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "Matching stclass `%s' against `%s'\n", SvPVX(prop), UTF ? sv_uni_display(dsv, sv, 60, 0) : s);
+           s0 = UTF ?
+             pv_uni_display(dsv0, (U8*)SvPVX(prop), SvCUR(prop), 60,
+                            UNI_DISPLAY_REGEX) :
+             SvPVX(prop);
+           len0 = UTF ? SvCUR(dsv0) : SvCUR(prop);
+           s1 = UTF ?
+             sv_uni_display(dsv1, sv, 60, UNI_DISPLAY_REGEX) : s;
+           len1 = UTF ? SvCUR(dsv1) : strend - s;
+           PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+                         "Matching stclass `%*.*s' against `%*.*s'\n",
+                         len0, len0, s0,
+                         len1, len1, s1);
        });
        if (find_byclass(prog, c, s, strend, startpos, 0))
            goto got_it;
@@ -1737,20 +1905,26 @@ Perl_regexec_flags(pTHX_ register regexp *prog, char *stringarg, register char *
     }
     else {
        dontbother = 0;
-       if (prog->float_substr != Nullsv) {     /* Trim the end. */
+       if (prog->float_substr != Nullsv || prog->float_utf8 != Nullsv) {
+           /* Trim the end. */
            char *last;
+           SV* float_real;
+
+           if (!(do_utf8 ? prog->float_utf8 : prog->float_substr))
+               do_utf8 ? to_utf8_substr(prog) : to_byte_substr(prog);
+           float_real = do_utf8 ? prog->float_utf8 : prog->float_substr;
 
            if (flags & REXEC_SCREAM) {
-               last = screaminstr(sv, prog->float_substr, s - strbeg,
+               last = screaminstr(sv, float_real, s - strbeg,
                                   end_shift, &scream_pos, 1); /* last one */
                if (!last)
                    last = scream_olds; /* Only one occurrence. */
            }
            else {
                STRLEN len;
-               char *little = SvPV(prog->float_substr, len);
+               char *little = SvPV(float_real, len);
 
-               if (SvTAIL(prog->float_substr)) {
+               if (SvTAIL(float_real)) {
                    if (memEQ(strend - len + 1, little, len - 1))
                        last = strend - len + 1;
                    else if (!PL_multiline)
@@ -2001,6 +2175,7 @@ typedef union re_unwind_t {
 
 #define sayYES goto yes
 #define sayNO goto no
+#define sayNO_ANYOF goto no_anyof
 #define sayYES_FINAL goto yes_final
 #define sayYES_LOUD  goto yes_loud
 #define sayNO_FINAL  goto no_final
@@ -2043,9 +2218,9 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regnode *prog)
 #endif
     register bool do_utf8 = PL_reg_match_utf8;
 #ifdef DEBUGGING
-    SV *dsv0 = sv_2mortal(newSVpvn("", 0));
-    SV *dsv1 = sv_2mortal(newSVpvn("", 0));
-    SV *dsv2 = sv_2mortal(newSVpvn("", 0));
+    SV *dsv0 = PERL_DEBUG_PAD_ZERO(0);
+    SV *dsv1 = PERL_DEBUG_PAD_ZERO(1);
+    SV *dsv2 = PERL_DEBUG_PAD_ZERO(2);
 #endif
 
 #ifdef DEBUGGING
@@ -2089,17 +2264,17 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regnode *prog)
              char *s0 =
                do_utf8 ?
                pv_uni_display(dsv0, (U8*)(locinput - pref_len),
-                              pref0_len, 60, 0) :
+                              pref0_len, 60, UNI_DISPLAY_REGEX) :
                locinput - pref_len;
              int len0 = do_utf8 ? strlen(s0) : pref0_len;
              char *s1 = do_utf8 ?
                pv_uni_display(dsv1, (U8*)(locinput - pref_len + pref0_len),
-                              pref_len - pref0_len, 60, 0) :
+                              pref_len - pref0_len, 60, UNI_DISPLAY_REGEX) :
                locinput - pref_len + pref0_len;
              int len1 = do_utf8 ? strlen(s1) : pref_len - pref0_len;
              char *s2 = do_utf8 ?
                pv_uni_display(dsv2, (U8*)locinput,
-                              PL_regeol - locinput, 60, 0) :
+                              PL_regeol - locinput, 60, UNI_DISPLAY_REGEX) :
                locinput;
              int len2 = do_utf8 ? strlen(s2) : l;
              PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
@@ -2204,10 +2379,10 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regnode *prog)
            s = STRING(scan);
            ln = STR_LEN(scan);
            if (do_utf8 != (UTF!=0)) {
-               /* The target and the pattern have differing "utf8ness". */
+               /* The target and the pattern have differing utf8ness. */
                char *l = locinput;
                char *e = s + ln;
-               STRLEN len;
+               STRLEN ulen;
 
                if (do_utf8) {
                    /* The target is utf8, the pattern is not utf8. */
@@ -2215,9 +2390,9 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regnode *prog)
                        if (l >= PL_regeol)
                             sayNO;
                        if (NATIVE_TO_UNI(*(U8*)s) !=
-                           utf8_to_uvchr((U8*)l, &len))
+                           utf8_to_uvuni((U8*)l, &ulen))
                             sayNO;
-                       l += len;
+                       l += ulen;
                        s ++;
                    }
                }
@@ -2227,9 +2402,9 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regnode *prog)
                        if (l >= PL_regeol)
                            sayNO;
                        if (NATIVE_TO_UNI(*((U8*)l)) !=
-                           utf8_to_uvchr((U8*)s, &len))
+                           utf8_to_uvuni((U8*)s, &ulen))
                            sayNO;
-                       s += len;
+                       s += ulen;
                        l ++;
                    }
                }
@@ -2237,7 +2412,7 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regnode *prog)
                nextchr = UCHARAT(locinput);
                break;
            }
-           /* The target and the pattern have the same "utf8ness". */
+           /* The target and the pattern have the same utf8ness. */
            /* Inline the first character, for speed. */
            if (UCHARAT(s) != nextchr)
                sayNO;
@@ -2255,26 +2430,33 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regnode *prog)
            s = STRING(scan);
            ln = STR_LEN(scan);
 
-           if (do_utf8) {
+           if (do_utf8 || UTF) {
+             /* Either target or the pattern are utf8. */
                char *l = locinput;
-               char *e;
-               STRLEN ulen;
-               U8 tmpbuf[UTF8_MAXLEN*2+1];
-               e = s + ln;
-               while (s < e) {
-                   if (l >= PL_regeol)
-                       sayNO;
-                   toLOWER_utf8((U8*)l, tmpbuf, &ulen);
-                   if (memNE(s, (char*)tmpbuf, ulen))
-                       sayNO;
-                   s += UTF8SKIP(s);
-                   l += ulen;
+               char *e = PL_regeol;
+
+               if (ibcmp_utf8(s, 0,  ln, UTF,
+                              l, &e, 0,  do_utf8)) {
+                    /* One more case for the sharp s:
+                     * pack("U0U*", 0xDF) =~ /ss/i,
+                     * the 0xC3 0x9F are the UTF-8
+                     * byte sequence for the U+00DF. */
+                    if (!(do_utf8 &&
+                          toLOWER(s[0]) == 's' &&
+                          ln >= 2 &&
+                          toLOWER(s[1]) == 's' &&
+                          (U8)l[0] == 0xC3 &&
+                          e - l >= 2 &&
+                          (U8)l[1] == 0x9F))
+                         sayNO;
                }
-               locinput = l;
+               locinput = e;
                nextchr = UCHARAT(locinput);
                break;
            }
 
+           /* Neither the target and the pattern are utf8. */
+
            /* Inline the first character, for speed. */
            if (UCHARAT(s) != nextchr &&
                UCHARAT(s) != ((OP(scan) == EXACTF)
@@ -2291,22 +2473,36 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regnode *prog)
            break;
        case ANYOF:
            if (do_utf8) {
-               if (!reginclass(scan, (U8*)locinput, do_utf8))
-                   sayNO;
+               STRLEN inclasslen = PL_regeol - locinput;
+
+               if (!reginclass(scan, (U8*)locinput, &inclasslen, do_utf8))
+                   sayNO_ANYOF;
                if (locinput >= PL_regeol)
                    sayNO;
-               locinput += PL_utf8skip[nextchr];
+               locinput += inclasslen ? inclasslen : UTF8SKIP(locinput);
                nextchr = UCHARAT(locinput);
+               break;
            }
            else {
                if (nextchr < 0)
                    nextchr = UCHARAT(locinput);
-               if (!reginclass(scan, (U8*)locinput, do_utf8))
-                   sayNO;
+               if (!REGINCLASS(scan, (U8*)locinput))
+                   sayNO_ANYOF;
                if (!nextchr && locinput >= PL_regeol)
                    sayNO;
                nextchr = UCHARAT(++locinput);
+               break;
            }
+       no_anyof:
+           /* If we might have the case of the German sharp s
+            * in a casefolding Unicode character class. */
+
+           if (ANYOF_FOLD_SHARP_S(scan, locinput, PL_regeol)) {
+                locinput += SHARP_S_SKIP;
+                nextchr = UCHARAT(locinput);
+           }
+           else
+                sayNO;
            break;
        case ALNUML:
            PL_reg_flags |= RF_tainted;
@@ -2365,9 +2561,9 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regnode *prog)
                if (locinput == PL_bostr)
                    ln = '\n';
                else {
-                   U8 *r = reghop((U8*)locinput, -1);
+                   U8 *r = reghop3((U8*)locinput, -1, (U8*)PL_bostr);
                
-                   ln = utf8n_to_uvchr(r, s - (char*)r, 0, 0);
+                   ln = utf8n_to_uvchr(r, UTF8SKIP(r), 0, 0);
                }
                if (OP(scan) == BOUND || OP(scan) == NBOUND) {
                    ln = isALNUM_uni(ln);
@@ -2496,16 +2692,21 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regnode *prog)
            nextchr = UCHARAT(++locinput);
            break;
        case CLUMP:
-           LOAD_UTF8_CHARCLASS(mark,"~");
-           if (locinput >= PL_regeol ||
-               swash_fetch(PL_utf8_mark,(U8*)locinput, do_utf8))
-               sayNO;
-           locinput += PL_utf8skip[nextchr];
-           while (locinput < PL_regeol &&
-                  swash_fetch(PL_utf8_mark,(U8*)locinput, do_utf8))
-               locinput += UTF8SKIP(locinput);
-           if (locinput > PL_regeol)
+           if (locinput >= PL_regeol)
                sayNO;
+           if  (do_utf8) {
+               LOAD_UTF8_CHARCLASS(mark,"~");
+               if (swash_fetch(PL_utf8_mark,(U8*)locinput, do_utf8))
+                   sayNO;
+               locinput += PL_utf8skip[nextchr];
+               while (locinput < PL_regeol &&
+                      swash_fetch(PL_utf8_mark,(U8*)locinput, do_utf8))
+                   locinput += UTF8SKIP(locinput);
+               if (locinput > PL_regeol)
+                   sayNO;
+           } 
+           else
+              locinput++;
            nextchr = UCHARAT(locinput);
            break;
        case REFFL:
@@ -2532,8 +2733,8 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regnode *prog)
                 */
                if (OP(scan) == REFF) {
                    STRLEN ulen1, ulen2;
-                   U8 tmpbuf1[UTF8_MAXLEN*2+1];
-                   U8 tmpbuf2[UTF8_MAXLEN*2+1];
+                   U8 tmpbuf1[UTF8_MAXLEN_UCLC+1];
+                   U8 tmpbuf2[UTF8_MAXLEN_UCLC+1];
                    while (s < e) {
                        if (l >= PL_regeol)
                            sayNO;
@@ -2963,7 +3164,7 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regnode *prog)
                        if (ckWARN(WARN_REGEXP) && n >= REG_INFTY
                            && !(PL_reg_flags & RF_warned)) {
                            PL_reg_flags |= RF_warned;
-                           Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_REGEXP, "%s limit (%d) exceeded",
+                           Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_REGEXP), "%s limit (%d) exceeded",
                                 "Complex regular subexpression recursion",
                                 REG_INFTY - 1);
                        }
@@ -3015,7 +3216,7 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regnode *prog)
                if (ckWARN(WARN_REGEXP) && n >= REG_INFTY
                        && !(PL_reg_flags & RF_warned)) {
                    PL_reg_flags |= RF_warned;
-                   Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_REGEXP, "%s limit (%d) exceeded",
+                   Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_REGEXP), "%s limit (%d) exceeded",
                         "Complex regular subexpression recursion",
                         REG_INFTY - 1);
                }
@@ -3113,20 +3314,32 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regnode *prog)
                if (ln && l == 0)
                    n = ln;     /* don't backtrack */
                locinput = PL_reginput;
-               if (NEAR_EXACT(next)) {
+               if (HAS_TEXT(next) || JUMPABLE(next)) {
                    regnode *text_node = next;
 
-                   if (PL_regkind[(U8)OP(next)] != EXACT)
-                       NEXT_IMPT(text_node);
+                   if (! HAS_TEXT(text_node)) FIND_NEXT_IMPT(text_node);
 
-                   if (PL_regkind[(U8)OP(text_node)] != EXACT) {
-                       c1 = c2 = -1000;
-                   }
+                   if (! HAS_TEXT(text_node)) c1 = c2 = -1000;
                    else {
-                       c1 = (U8)*STRING(text_node);
-                       if (OP(next) == EXACTF)
+                       if (PL_regkind[(U8)OP(text_node)] == REF) {
+                           I32 n, ln;
+                           n = ARG(text_node);  /* which paren pair */
+                           ln = PL_regstartp[n];
+                           /* assume yes if we haven't seen CLOSEn */
+                           if (
+                               *PL_reglastparen < n ||
+                               ln == -1 ||
+                               ln == PL_regendp[n]
+                           ) {
+                               c1 = c2 = -1000;
+                               goto assume_ok_MM;
+                           }
+                           c1 = *(PL_bostr + ln);
+                       }
+                       else { c1 = (U8)*STRING(text_node); }
+                       if (OP(text_node) == EXACTF || OP(text_node) == REFF)
                            c2 = PL_fold[c1];
-                       else if (OP(text_node) == EXACTFL)
+                       else if (OP(text_node) == EXACTFL || OP(text_node) == REFFL)
                            c2 = PL_fold_locale[c1];
                        else
                            c2 = c1;
@@ -3134,6 +3347,7 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regnode *prog)
                }
                else
                    c1 = c2 = -1000;
+           assume_ok_MM:
                REGCP_SET(lastcp);
                /* This may be improved if l == 0.  */
                while (n >= ln || (n == REG_INFTY && ln > 0 && l)) { /* ln overflow ? */
@@ -3182,20 +3396,33 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regnode *prog)
                                  (IV) n, (IV)l)
                    );
                if (n >= ln) {
-                   if (NEAR_EXACT(next)) {
+                   if (HAS_TEXT(next) || JUMPABLE(next)) {
                        regnode *text_node = next;
 
-                       if (PL_regkind[(U8)OP(next)] != EXACT)
-                           NEXT_IMPT(text_node);
+                       if (! HAS_TEXT(text_node)) FIND_NEXT_IMPT(text_node);
 
-                       if (PL_regkind[(U8)OP(text_node)] != EXACT) {
-                           c1 = c2 = -1000;
-                       }
+                       if (! HAS_TEXT(text_node)) c1 = c2 = -1000;
                        else {
-                           c1 = (U8)*STRING(text_node);
-                           if (OP(text_node) == EXACTF)
+                           if (PL_regkind[(U8)OP(text_node)] == REF) {
+                               I32 n, ln;
+                               n = ARG(text_node);  /* which paren pair */
+                               ln = PL_regstartp[n];
+                               /* assume yes if we haven't seen CLOSEn */
+                               if (
+                                   *PL_reglastparen < n ||
+                                   ln == -1 ||
+                                   ln == PL_regendp[n]
+                               ) {
+                                   c1 = c2 = -1000;
+                                   goto assume_ok_REG;
+                               }
+                               c1 = *(PL_bostr + ln);
+                           }
+                           else { c1 = (U8)*STRING(text_node); }
+
+                           if (OP(text_node) == EXACTF || OP(text_node) == REFF)
                                c2 = PL_fold[c1];
-                           else if (OP(text_node) == EXACTFL)
+                           else if (OP(text_node) == EXACTFL || OP(text_node) == REFFL)
                                c2 = PL_fold_locale[c1];
                            else
                                c2 = c1;
@@ -3204,6 +3431,7 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regnode *prog)
                    else
                        c1 = c2 = -1000;
                }
+           assume_ok_REG:
                REGCP_SET(lastcp);
                while (n >= ln) {
                    /* If it could work, try it. */
@@ -3276,31 +3504,43 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regnode *prog)
            * of the quantifier and the EXACT-like node.  -- japhy
            */
 
-           if (NEAR_EXACT(next)) {
+           if (HAS_TEXT(next) || JUMPABLE(next)) {
                U8 *s;
                regnode *text_node = next;
 
-               if (PL_regkind[(U8)OP(next)] != EXACT)
-                   NEXT_IMPT(text_node);
+               if (! HAS_TEXT(text_node)) FIND_NEXT_IMPT(text_node);
 
-               if (PL_regkind[(U8)OP(text_node)] != EXACT) {
-                   c1 = c2 = -1000;
-               }
+               if (! HAS_TEXT(text_node)) c1 = c2 = -1000;
                else {
-                   s = (U8*)STRING(text_node);
+                   if (PL_regkind[(U8)OP(text_node)] == REF) {
+                       I32 n, ln;
+                       n = ARG(text_node);  /* which paren pair */
+                       ln = PL_regstartp[n];
+                       /* assume yes if we haven't seen CLOSEn */
+                       if (
+                           *PL_reglastparen < n ||
+                           ln == -1 ||
+                           ln == PL_regendp[n]
+                       ) {
+                           c1 = c2 = -1000;
+                           goto assume_ok_easy;
+                       }
+                       s = (U8*)PL_bostr + ln;
+                   }
+                   else { s = (U8*)STRING(text_node); }
 
                    if (!UTF) {
                        c2 = c1 = *s;
-                       if (OP(text_node) == EXACTF)
+                       if (OP(text_node) == EXACTF || OP(text_node) == REFF)
                            c2 = PL_fold[c1];
-                       else if (OP(text_node) == EXACTFL)
+                       else if (OP(text_node) == EXACTFL || OP(text_node) == REFFL)
                            c2 = PL_fold_locale[c1];
                    }
                    else { /* UTF */
-                       if (OP(text_node) == EXACTF) {
+                       if (OP(text_node) == EXACTF || OP(text_node) == REFF) {
                             STRLEN ulen1, ulen2;
-                            U8 tmpbuf1[UTF8_MAXLEN*2+1];
-                            U8 tmpbuf2[UTF8_MAXLEN*2+1];
+                            U8 tmpbuf1[UTF8_MAXLEN_UCLC+1];
+                            U8 tmpbuf2[UTF8_MAXLEN_UCLC+1];
 
                             to_utf8_lower((U8*)s, tmpbuf1, &ulen1);
                             to_utf8_upper((U8*)s, tmpbuf2, &ulen2);
@@ -3316,6 +3556,7 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regnode *prog)
            }
            else
                c1 = c2 = -1000;
+       assume_ok_easy:
            PL_reginput = locinput;
            if (minmod) {
                CHECKPOINT lastcp;
@@ -3435,7 +3676,9 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regnode *prog)
                n = regrepeat(scan, n);
                locinput = PL_reginput;
                if (ln < n && PL_regkind[(U8)OP(next)] == EOL &&
-                   (!PL_multiline  || OP(next) == SEOL || OP(next) == EOS)) {
+                   ((!PL_multiline && OP(next) != MEOL) ||
+                       OP(next) == SEOL || OP(next) == EOS))
+               {
                    ln = n;                     /* why back off? */
                    /* ...because $ and \Z can match before *and* after
                       newline at the end.  Consider "\n\n" =~ /\n+\Z\n/.
@@ -3726,7 +3969,15 @@ S_regrepeat(pTHX_ regnode *p, I32 max)
        }
        break;
     case SANY:
-       scan = loceol;
+        if (do_utf8) {
+           loceol = PL_regeol;
+           while (scan < loceol && hardcount < max) {
+               scan += UTF8SKIP(scan);
+               hardcount++;
+           }
+       }
+       else
+           scan = loceol;
        break;
     case CANY:
        scan = loceol;
@@ -3753,12 +4004,12 @@ S_regrepeat(pTHX_ regnode *p, I32 max)
        if (do_utf8) {
            loceol = PL_regeol;
            while (hardcount < max && scan < loceol &&
-                  reginclass(p, (U8*)scan, do_utf8)) {
+                  reginclass(p, (U8*)scan, 0, do_utf8)) {
                scan += UTF8SKIP(scan);
                hardcount++;
            }
        } else {
-           while (scan < loceol && reginclass(p, (U8*)scan, do_utf8))
+           while (scan < loceol && REGINCLASS(p, (U8*)scan))
                scan++;
        }
        break;
@@ -3984,10 +4235,11 @@ S_regrepeat_hard(pTHX_ regnode *p, I32 max, I32 *lp)
 */
 
 SV *
-Perl_regclass_swash(pTHX_ register regnode* node, bool doinit, SV** initsvp)
+Perl_regclass_swash(pTHX_ register regnode* node, bool doinit, SV** listsvp, SV **altsvp)
 {
-    SV *sw = NULL;
-    SV *si = NULL;
+    SV *sw  = NULL;
+    SV *si  = NULL;
+    SV *alt = NULL;
 
     if (PL_regdata && PL_regdata->count) {
        U32 n = ARG(node);
@@ -3995,10 +4247,14 @@ Perl_regclass_swash(pTHX_ register regnode* node, bool doinit, SV** initsvp)
        if (PL_regdata->what[n] == 's') {
            SV *rv = (SV*)PL_regdata->data[n];
            AV *av = (AV*)SvRV((SV*)rv);
-           SV **a;
+           SV **a, **b;
        
-           si = *av_fetch(av, 0, FALSE);
-           a  =  av_fetch(av, 1, FALSE);
+           /* See the end of regcomp.c:S_reglass() for
+            * documentation of these array elements. */
+
+           si  = *av_fetch(av, 0, FALSE);
+           a   =  av_fetch(av, 1, FALSE);
+           b   =  av_fetch(av, 2, FALSE);
        
            if (a)
                sw = *a;
@@ -4006,30 +4262,44 @@ Perl_regclass_swash(pTHX_ register regnode* node, bool doinit, SV** initsvp)
                sw = swash_init("utf8", "", si, 1, 0);
                (void)av_store(av, 1, sw);
            }
+           if (b)
+               alt = *b;
        }
     }
        
-    if (initsvp)
-       *initsvp = si;
+    if (listsvp)
+       *listsvp = si;
+    if (altsvp)
+       *altsvp  = alt;
 
     return sw;
 }
 
 /*
  - reginclass - determine if a character falls into a character class
+  The n is the ANYOF regnode, the p is the target string, lenp
+  is pointer to the maximum length of how far to go in the p
+  (if the lenp is zero, UTF8SKIP(p) is used),
+  do_utf8 tells whether the target string is in UTF-8.
+
  */
 
 STATIC bool
-S_reginclass(pTHX_ register regnode *n, register U8* p, register bool do_utf8)
+S_reginclass(pTHX_ register regnode *n, register U8* p, STRLEN* lenp, register bool do_utf8)
 {
     char flags = ANYOF_FLAGS(n);
     bool match = FALSE;
     UV c;
     STRLEN len = 0;
+    STRLEN plen;
 
     c = do_utf8 ? utf8_to_uvchr(p, &len) : *p;
 
+    plen = lenp ? *lenp : UNISKIP(NATIVE_TO_UNI(c));
     if (do_utf8 || (flags & ANYOF_UNICODE)) {
+        if (lenp)
+           *lenp = 0;
        if (do_utf8 && !ANYOF_RUNTIME(n)) {
            if (len != (STRLEN)-1 && c < 256 && ANYOF_BITMAP_TEST(n, c))
                match = TRUE;
@@ -4037,21 +4307,41 @@ S_reginclass(pTHX_ register regnode *n, register U8* p, register bool do_utf8)
        if (!match && do_utf8 && (flags & ANYOF_UNICODE_ALL) && c >= 256)
            match = TRUE;
        if (!match) {
-           SV *sw = regclass_swash(n, TRUE, 0);
+           AV *av;
+           SV *sw = regclass_swash(n, TRUE, 0, (SV**)&av);
        
            if (sw) {
                if (swash_fetch(sw, p, do_utf8))
                    match = TRUE;
                else if (flags & ANYOF_FOLD) {
-                   STRLEN ulen;
-                   U8 tmpbuf[UTF8_MAXLEN*2+1];
+                   if (!match && lenp && av) {
+                       I32 i;
+                     
+                       for (i = 0; i <= av_len(av); i++) {
+                           SV* sv = *av_fetch(av, i, FALSE);
+                           STRLEN len;
+                           char *s = SvPV(sv, len);
+                       
+                           if (len <= plen && memEQ(s, (char*)p, len)) {
+                               *lenp = len;
+                               match = TRUE;
+                               break;
+                           }
+                       }
+                   }
+                   if (!match) {
+                       U8 tmpbuf[UTF8_MAXLEN_FOLD+1];
+                       STRLEN tmplen;
 
-                   toLOWER_utf8(p, tmpbuf, &ulen);
-                   if (swash_fetch(sw, tmpbuf, do_utf8))
-                       match = TRUE;
+                       to_utf8_fold(p, tmpbuf, &tmplen);
+                       if (swash_fetch(sw, tmpbuf, do_utf8))
+                           match = TRUE;
+                   }
                }
            }
        }
+       if (match && lenp && *lenp == 0)
+           *lenp = UNISKIP(NATIVE_TO_UNI(c));
     }
     if (!match && c < 256) {
        if (ANYOF_BITMAP_TEST(n, c))
@@ -4192,3 +4482,59 @@ restore_pos(pTHX_ void *arg)
        PL_curpm = PL_reg_oldcurpm;
     }  
 }
+
+STATIC void
+S_to_utf8_substr(pTHX_ register regexp *prog)
+{
+    SV* sv;
+    if (prog->float_substr && !prog->float_utf8) {
+       prog->float_utf8 = sv = NEWSV(117, 0);
+       SvSetMagicSV(sv, prog->float_substr);
+       sv_utf8_upgrade(sv);
+       if (SvTAIL(prog->float_substr))
+           SvTAIL_on(sv);
+       if (prog->float_substr == prog->check_substr)
+           prog->check_utf8 = sv;
+    }
+    if (prog->anchored_substr && !prog->anchored_utf8) {
+       prog->anchored_utf8 = sv = NEWSV(118, 0);
+       SvSetMagicSV(sv, prog->anchored_substr);
+       sv_utf8_upgrade(sv);
+       if (SvTAIL(prog->anchored_substr))
+           SvTAIL_on(sv);
+       if (prog->anchored_substr == prog->check_substr)
+           prog->check_utf8 = sv;
+    }
+}
+
+STATIC void
+S_to_byte_substr(pTHX_ register regexp *prog)
+{
+    SV* sv;
+    if (prog->float_utf8 && !prog->float_substr) {
+       prog->float_substr = sv = NEWSV(117, 0);
+       SvSetMagicSV(sv, prog->float_utf8);
+       if (sv_utf8_downgrade(sv, TRUE)) {
+           if (SvTAIL(prog->float_utf8))
+               SvTAIL_on(sv);
+       } else {
+           SvREFCNT_dec(sv);
+           prog->float_substr = sv = &PL_sv_undef;
+       }
+       if (prog->float_utf8 == prog->check_utf8)
+           prog->check_substr = sv;
+    }
+    if (prog->anchored_utf8 && !prog->anchored_substr) {
+       prog->anchored_substr = sv = NEWSV(118, 0);
+       SvSetMagicSV(sv, prog->anchored_utf8);
+       if (sv_utf8_downgrade(sv, TRUE)) {
+           if (SvTAIL(prog->anchored_utf8))
+               SvTAIL_on(sv);
+       } else {
+           SvREFCNT_dec(sv);
+           prog->anchored_substr = sv = &PL_sv_undef;
+       }
+       if (prog->anchored_utf8 == prog->check_utf8)
+           prog->check_substr = sv;
+    }
+}