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(perl #128095) check pack_sockaddr_un()'s return value
[perl5.git] / regexec.c
index d160a4b..b86cb1b 100644 (file)
--- a/regexec.c
+++ b/regexec.c
@@ -96,9 +96,9 @@ static const char* const non_utf8_target_but_utf8_required
                 = "Can't match, because target string needs to be in UTF-8\n";
 #endif
 
-#define NON_UTF8_TARGET_BUT_UTF8_REQUIRED(target) STMT_START { \
-    DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "%s", non_utf8_target_but_utf8_required));\
-    goto target; \
+#define NON_UTF8_TARGET_BUT_UTF8_REQUIRED(target) STMT_START {           \
+    DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_  "%s", non_utf8_target_but_utf8_required));\
+    goto target;                                                         \
 } STMT_END
 
 #define HAS_NONLATIN1_FOLD_CLOSURE(i) _HAS_NONLATIN1_FOLD_CLOSURE_ONLY_FOR_USE_BY_REGCOMP_DOT_C_AND_REGEXEC_DOT_C(i)
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ static const char* const non_utf8_target_but_utf8_required
 
 #define HOPBACKc(pos, off) \
        (char*)(reginfo->is_utf8_target \
-           ? reghopmaybe3((U8*)pos, -off, (U8*)(reginfo->strbeg)) \
+           ? reghopmaybe3((U8*)pos, (SSize_t)0-off, (U8*)(reginfo->strbeg)) \
            : (pos - off >= reginfo->strbeg)    \
                ? (U8*)pos - off                \
                : NULL)
@@ -213,7 +213,8 @@ static const char* const non_utf8_target_but_utf8_required
 */
 #define JUMPABLE(rn) (                                                             \
     OP(rn) == OPEN ||                                                              \
-    (OP(rn) == CLOSE && (!cur_eval || cur_eval->u.eval.close_paren != ARG(rn))) || \
+    (OP(rn) == CLOSE &&                                                            \
+     !EVAL_CLOSE_PAREN_IS(cur_eval,ARG(rn)) ) ||                                   \
     OP(rn) == EVAL ||                                                              \
     OP(rn) == SUSPEND || OP(rn) == IFMATCH ||                                      \
     OP(rn) == PLUS || OP(rn) == MINMOD ||                                          \
@@ -299,7 +300,7 @@ S_regcppush(pTHX_ const regexp *rex, I32 parenfloor, U32 maxopenparen)
     
     DEBUG_BUFFERS_r(
        if ((int)maxopenparen > (int)parenfloor)
-           PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+            Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                "rex=0x%"UVxf" offs=0x%"UVxf": saving capture indices:\n",
                PTR2UV(rex),
                PTR2UV(rex->offs)
@@ -310,7 +311,7 @@ S_regcppush(pTHX_ const regexp *rex, I32 parenfloor, U32 maxopenparen)
        SSPUSHIV(rex->offs[p].end);
        SSPUSHIV(rex->offs[p].start);
        SSPUSHINT(rex->offs[p].start_tmp);
-       DEBUG_BUFFERS_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+        DEBUG_BUFFERS_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
            "    \\%"UVuf": %"IVdf"(%"IVdf")..%"IVdf"\n",
            (UV)p,
            (IV)rex->offs[p].start,
@@ -330,17 +331,21 @@ S_regcppush(pTHX_ const regexp *rex, I32 parenfloor, U32 maxopenparen)
 /* These are needed since we do not localize EVAL nodes: */
 #define REGCP_SET(cp)                                           \
     DEBUG_STATE_r(                                              \
-            PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,                      \
-               "  Setting an EVAL scope, savestack=%"IVdf"\n", \
-               (IV)PL_savestack_ix));                          \
+        Perl_re_exec_indentf( aTHX_                                         \
+            "Setting an EVAL scope, savestack=%"IVdf",\n",      \
+            depth, (IV)PL_savestack_ix                          \
+        )                                                       \
+    );                                                          \
     cp = PL_savestack_ix
 
 #define REGCP_UNWIND(cp)                                        \
     DEBUG_STATE_r(                                              \
-        if (cp != PL_savestack_ix)                             \
-           PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,                       \
-               "  Clearing an EVAL scope, savestack=%"IVdf"..%"IVdf"\n", \
-               (IV)(cp), (IV)PL_savestack_ix));                \
+        if (cp != PL_savestack_ix)                              \
+            Perl_re_exec_indentf( aTHX_                                     \
+                "Clearing an EVAL scope, savestack=%"IVdf"..%"IVdf"\n",\
+                depth, (IV)(cp), (IV)PL_savestack_ix            \
+            )                                                   \
+    );                                                          \
     regcpblow(cp)
 
 #define UNWIND_PAREN(lp, lcp)               \
@@ -371,7 +376,7 @@ S_regcppop(pTHX_ regexp *rex, U32 *maxopenparen_p)
     /* Now restore the parentheses context. */
     DEBUG_BUFFERS_r(
        if (i || rex->lastparen + 1 <= rex->nparens)
-           PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+            Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                "rex=0x%"UVxf" offs=0x%"UVxf": restoring capture indices to:\n",
                PTR2UV(rex),
                PTR2UV(rex->offs)
@@ -385,7 +390,7 @@ S_regcppop(pTHX_ regexp *rex, U32 *maxopenparen_p)
        tmps = SSPOPIV;
        if (paren <= rex->lastparen)
            rex->offs[paren].end = tmps;
-       DEBUG_BUFFERS_r( PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+        DEBUG_BUFFERS_r( Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
            "    \\%"UVuf": %"IVdf"(%"IVdf")..%"IVdf"%s\n",
            (UV)paren,
            (IV)rex->offs[paren].start,
@@ -409,7 +414,7 @@ S_regcppop(pTHX_ regexp *rex, U32 *maxopenparen_p)
        if (i > *maxopenparen_p)
            rex->offs[i].start = -1;
        rex->offs[i].end = -1;
-       DEBUG_BUFFERS_r( PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+        DEBUG_BUFFERS_r( Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
            "    \\%"UVuf": %s   ..-1 undeffing\n",
            (UV)i,
            (i > *maxopenparen_p) ? "-1" : "  "
@@ -453,7 +458,7 @@ S_isFOO_lc(pTHX_ const U8 classnum, const U8 character)
         case _CC_ENUM_ALPHA:     return isALPHA_LC(character);
         case _CC_ENUM_ASCII:     return isASCII_LC(character);
         case _CC_ENUM_BLANK:     return isBLANK_LC(character);
-        case _CC_ENUM_CASED:     return isLOWER_LC(character)
+        case _CC_ENUM_CASED:     return    isLOWER_LC(character)
                                         || isUPPER_LC(character);
         case _CC_ENUM_CNTRL:     return isCNTRL_LC(character);
         case _CC_ENUM_DIGIT:     return isDIGIT_LC(character);
@@ -651,7 +656,7 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_
     PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
     PERL_UNUSED_ARG(data);
 
-    DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+    DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                 "Intuit: trying to determine minimum start position...\n"));
 
     /* for now, assume that all substr offsets are positive. If at some point
@@ -682,7 +687,7 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_
      * to quickly reject some cases that can't match, but will reject
      * them later after doing full char arithmetic */
     if (prog->minlen > strend - strpos) {
-       DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+        DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                              "  String too short...\n"));
        goto fail;
     }
@@ -719,7 +724,7 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_
             if (!sv)
                 continue;
 
-            PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+            Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                 "  substrs[%d]: min=%"IVdf" max=%"IVdf" end shift=%"IVdf
                 " useful=%"IVdf" utf8=%d [%s]\n",
                 i,
@@ -759,7 +764,7 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_
             if (   strpos != strbeg
                 && (prog->intflags & PREGf_ANCH_SBOL))
             {
-               DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+                DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                                 "  Not at start...\n"));
                goto fail;
            }
@@ -779,7 +784,7 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_
                SSize_t slen = SvCUR(check);
                 char *s = HOP3c(strpos, prog->check_offset_min, strend);
            
-                DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+                DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                     "  Looking for check substr at fixed offset %"IVdf"...\n",
                     (IV)prog->check_offset_min));
 
@@ -793,7 +798,7 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_
                             || strend - s < slen - 1
                             || (strend - s == slen && strend[-1] != '\n')))
                     {
-                        DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+                        DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                                             "  String too long...\n"));
                         goto fail_finish;
                     }
@@ -803,7 +808,7 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_
                 if (slen && (*SvPVX_const(check) != *s
                     || (slen > 1 && memNE(SvPVX_const(check), s, slen))))
                 {
-                    DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+                    DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                                     "  String not equal...\n"));
                     goto fail_finish;
                 }
@@ -854,7 +859,7 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_
         U8* end_point;
 
         DEBUG_OPTIMISE_MORE_r({
-            PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+            Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                 "  At restart: rx_origin=%"IVdf" Check offset min: %"IVdf
                 " Start shift: %"IVdf" End shift %"IVdf
                 " Real end Shift: %"IVdf"\n",
@@ -902,7 +907,7 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_
        check_at = fbm_instr( start_point, end_point,
                      check, multiline ? FBMrf_MULTILINE : 0);
 
-       DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+        DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
             "  doing 'check' fbm scan, [%"IVdf"..%"IVdf"] gave %"IVdf"\n",
             (IV)((char*)start_point - strbeg),
             (IV)((char*)end_point   - strbeg),
@@ -915,7 +920,7 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_
         DEBUG_EXECUTE_r({
             RE_PV_QUOTED_DECL(quoted, utf8_target, PERL_DEBUG_PAD_ZERO(0),
                 SvPVX_const(check), RE_SV_DUMPLEN(check), 30);
-            PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "  %s %s substr %s%s%s",
+            Perl_re_printf( aTHX_  "  %s %s substr %s%s%s",
                               (check_at ? "Found" : "Did not find"),
                 (check == (utf8_target ? prog->anchored_utf8 : prog->anchored_substr)
                     ? "anchored" : "floating"),
@@ -934,7 +939,7 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_
         if (check_at - rx_origin > prog->check_offset_max)
             rx_origin = HOP3c(check_at, -prog->check_offset_max, rx_origin);
         /* Finish the diagnostic message */
-        DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+        DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
             "%ld (rx_origin now %"IVdf")...\n",
             (long)(check_at - strbeg),
             (IV)(rx_origin - strbeg)
@@ -1046,9 +1051,11 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_
             char *from = s;
             char *to   = last + SvCUR(must) - (SvTAIL(must)!=0);
 
+            if (to > strend)
+                to = strend;
             if (from > to) {
                 s = NULL;
-                DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+                DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                     "  skipping 'other' fbm scan: %"IVdf" > %"IVdf"\n",
                     (IV)(from - strbeg),
                     (IV)(to   - strbeg)
@@ -1061,7 +1068,7 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_
                     must,
                     multiline ? FBMrf_MULTILINE : 0
                 );
-                DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+                DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                     "  doing 'other' fbm scan, [%"IVdf"..%"IVdf"] gave %"IVdf"\n",
                     (IV)(from - strbeg),
                     (IV)(to   - strbeg),
@@ -1073,7 +1080,7 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_
         DEBUG_EXECUTE_r({
             RE_PV_QUOTED_DECL(quoted, utf8_target, PERL_DEBUG_PAD_ZERO(0),
                 SvPVX_const(must), RE_SV_DUMPLEN(must), 30);
-            PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "  %s %s substr %s%s",
+            Perl_re_printf( aTHX_  "  %s %s substr %s%s",
                 s ? "Found" : "Contradicts",
                 other_ix ? "floating" : "anchored",
                 quoted, RE_SV_TAIL(must));
@@ -1084,7 +1091,7 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_
             /* last1 is latest possible substr location. If we didn't
              * find it before there, we never will */
             if (last >= last1) {
-                DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+                DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                                         "; giving up...\n"));
                 goto fail_finish;
             }
@@ -1097,7 +1104,7 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_
                 other_ix /* i.e. if other-is-float */
                     ? HOP3c(rx_origin, 1, strend)
                     : HOP4c(last, 1 - other->min_offset, strbeg, strend);
-            DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+            DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                 "; about to retry %s at offset %ld (rx_origin now %"IVdf")...\n",
                 (other_ix ? "floating" : "anchored"),
                 (long)(HOP3c(check_at, 1, strend) - strbeg),
@@ -1121,7 +1128,7 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_
                 rx_origin = HOP3c(s, -other->min_offset, strbeg);
                 other_last = HOP3c(s, 1, strend);
             }
-            DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+            DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                 " at offset %ld (rx_origin now %"IVdf")...\n",
                   (long)(s - strbeg),
                 (IV)(rx_origin - strbeg)
@@ -1131,7 +1138,7 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_
     }
     else {
         DEBUG_OPTIMISE_MORE_r(
-            PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+            Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                 "  Check-only match: offset min:%"IVdf" max:%"IVdf
                 " check_at:%"IVdf" rx_origin:%"IVdf" rx_origin-check_at:%"IVdf
                 " strend:%"IVdf"\n",
@@ -1152,7 +1159,7 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_
     if (ml_anch && rx_origin != strbeg && rx_origin[-1] != '\n') {
         char *s;
 
-        DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+        DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                         "  looking for /^/m anchor"));
 
         /* we have failed the constraint of a \n before rx_origin.
@@ -1172,7 +1179,7 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_
         if (s <= rx_origin ||
             ! ( rx_origin = (char *)memchr(rx_origin, '\n', s - rx_origin)))
         {
-            DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+            DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                             "  Did not find /%s^%s/m...\n",
                             PL_colors[0], PL_colors[1]));
             goto fail_finish;
@@ -1189,7 +1196,7 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_
             /* Position contradicts check-string; either because
              * check was anchored (and thus has no wiggle room),
              * or check was float and rx_origin is above the float range */
-            DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+            DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                 "  Found /%s^%s/m, about to restart lookup for check-string with rx_origin %ld...\n",
                 PL_colors[0], PL_colors[1], (long)(rx_origin - strbeg)));
             goto restart;
@@ -1205,7 +1212,7 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_
              * contradict. On the other hand, the float "check" substr
              * didn't contradict, so just retry the anchored "other"
              * substr */
-            DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+            DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                 "  Found /%s^%s/m, rescanning for anchored from offset %"IVdf" (rx_origin now %"IVdf")...\n",
                 PL_colors[0], PL_colors[1],
                 (IV)(rx_origin - strbeg + prog->anchored_offset),
@@ -1216,12 +1223,12 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_
 
         /* success: we don't contradict the found floating substring
          * (and there's no anchored substr). */
-        DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+        DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
             "  Found /%s^%s/m with rx_origin %ld...\n",
             PL_colors[0], PL_colors[1], (long)(rx_origin - strbeg)));
     }
     else {
-        DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+        DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
             "  (multiline anchor test skipped)\n"));
     }
 
@@ -1279,7 +1286,7 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_
         else 
             endpos= strend;
                    
-        DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+        DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
             "  looking for class: start_shift: %"IVdf" check_at: %"IVdf
             " rx_origin: %"IVdf" endpos: %"IVdf"\n",
               (IV)start_shift, (IV)(check_at - strbeg),
@@ -1289,11 +1296,11 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_
                             reginfo);
        if (!s) {
            if (endpos == strend) {
-               DEBUG_EXECUTE_r( PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+                DEBUG_EXECUTE_r( Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                                "  Could not match STCLASS...\n") );
                goto fail;
            }
-           DEBUG_EXECUTE_r( PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+            DEBUG_EXECUTE_r( Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                                "  This position contradicts STCLASS...\n") );
             if ((prog->intflags & PREGf_ANCH) && !ml_anch
                         && !(prog->intflags & PREGf_IMPLICIT))
@@ -1314,7 +1321,7 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_
                          * an extra anchored search may get done, but in
                          * practice the extra fbm_instr() is likely to
                          * get skipped anyway. */
-                        DEBUG_EXECUTE_r( PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+                        DEBUG_EXECUTE_r( Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                             "  about to retry anchored at offset %ld (rx_origin now %"IVdf")...\n",
                             (long)(other_last - strbeg),
                             (IV)(rx_origin - strbeg)
@@ -1335,7 +1342,7 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_
                      * but since we goto a block of code that's going to
                      * search for the next \n if any, its safe here */
                     rx_origin++;
-                    DEBUG_EXECUTE_r( PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+                    DEBUG_EXECUTE_r( Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                               "  about to look for /%s^%s/m starting at rx_origin %ld...\n",
                               PL_colors[0], PL_colors[1],
                               (long)(rx_origin - strbeg)) );
@@ -1359,11 +1366,11 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_
              * It's conservative: it errs on the side of doing 'goto restart',
              * where there is code that does a proper char-based test */
             if (rx_origin + start_shift + end_shift > strend) {
-                DEBUG_EXECUTE_r( PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+                DEBUG_EXECUTE_r( Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                                        "  Could not match STCLASS...\n") );
                 goto fail;
             }
-            DEBUG_EXECUTE_r( PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+            DEBUG_EXECUTE_r( Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                 "  about to look for %s substr starting at offset %ld (rx_origin now %"IVdf")...\n",
                 (prog->substrs->check_ix ? "floating" : "anchored"),
                 (long)(rx_origin + start_shift - strbeg),
@@ -1375,13 +1382,13 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_
         /* Success !!! */
 
        if (rx_origin != s) {
-            DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+            DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                        "  By STCLASS: moving %ld --> %ld\n",
                                   (long)(rx_origin - strbeg), (long)(s - strbeg))
                    );
         }
         else {
-            DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+            DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                                   "  Does not contradict STCLASS...\n");
                    );
         }
@@ -1393,7 +1400,7 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_
        /* Fixed substring is found far enough so that the match
           cannot start at strpos. */
 
-        DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "  try at offset...\n"));
+        DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_  "  try at offset...\n"));
        ++BmUSEFUL(utf8_target ? prog->check_utf8 : prog->check_substr);        /* hooray/5 */
     }
     else {
@@ -1413,7 +1420,7 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_
            )))
        {
            /* If flags & SOMETHING - do not do it many times on the same match */
-           DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "  ... Disabling check substring...\n"));
+            DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_  "  ... Disabling check substring...\n"));
            /* XXX Does the destruction order has to change with utf8_target? */
            SvREFCNT_dec(utf8_target ? prog->check_utf8 : prog->check_substr);
            SvREFCNT_dec(utf8_target ? prog->check_substr : prog->check_utf8);
@@ -1427,7 +1434,7 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_
        }
     }
 
-    DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+    DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
             "Intuit: %sSuccessfully guessed:%s match at offset %ld\n",
              PL_colors[4], PL_colors[5], (long)(rx_origin - strbeg)) );
 
@@ -1437,7 +1444,7 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_
     if (prog->check_substr || prog->check_utf8)                /* could be removed already */
        BmUSEFUL(utf8_target ? prog->check_utf8 : prog->check_substr) += 5; /* hooray */
   fail:
-    DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "%sMatch rejected by optimizer%s\n",
+    DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_  "%sMatch rejected by optimizer%s\n",
                          PL_colors[4], PL_colors[5]));
     return NULL;
 }
@@ -1534,9 +1541,9 @@ STMT_START {
     }                                                                               \
 } STMT_END
 
-#define DUMP_EXEC_POS(li,s,doutf8)                          \
+#define DUMP_EXEC_POS(li,s,doutf8,depth)                    \
     dump_exec_pos(li,s,(reginfo->strend),(reginfo->strbeg), \
-                startpos, doutf8)
+                startpos, doutf8, depth)
 
 #define REXEC_FBC_EXACTISH_SCAN(COND)                     \
 STMT_START {                                              \
@@ -2113,7 +2120,11 @@ S_find_byclass(pTHX_ regexp * prog, const regnode *c, char *s,
                     while (s < strend) {
                         GCB_enum after = getGCB_VAL_UTF8((U8*) s,
                                                         (U8*) reginfo->strend);
-                        if (   (to_complement ^ isGCB(before, after))
+                        if (   (to_complement ^ isGCB(before,
+                                                      after,
+                                                      (U8*) reginfo->strbeg,
+                                                      (U8*) s,
+                                                      utf8_target))
                             && (reginfo->intuit || regtry(reginfo, &s)))
                         {
                             goto got_it;
@@ -2564,8 +2575,8 @@ S_find_byclass(pTHX_ regexp * prog, const regnode *c, char *s,
                             DEBUG_TRIE_EXECUTE_r(
                                 if ( uc <= (U8*)last_start && !BITMAP_TEST(bitmap,*uc) ) {
                                     dump_exec_pos( (char *)uc, c, strend, real_start,
-                                        (char *)uc, utf8_target );
-                                    PerlIO_printf( Perl_debug_log,
+                                        (char *)uc, utf8_target, 0 );
+                                    Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                                         " Scanning for legal start char...\n");
                                 }
                             );
@@ -2600,8 +2611,8 @@ S_find_byclass(pTHX_ regexp * prog, const regnode *c, char *s,
                                          foldbuf, uniflags);
                         DEBUG_TRIE_EXECUTE_r({
                             dump_exec_pos( (char *)uc, c, strend,
-                                        real_start, s, utf8_target);
-                            PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+                                        real_start, s, utf8_target, 0);
+                            Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                                 " Charid:%3u CP:%4"UVxf" ",
                                  charid, uvc);
                         });
@@ -2621,8 +2632,8 @@ S_find_byclass(pTHX_ regexp * prog, const regnode *c, char *s,
                         DEBUG_TRIE_EXECUTE_r({
                             if (failed)
                                 dump_exec_pos( (char *)uc, c, strend, real_start,
-                                    s,   utf8_target );
-                            PerlIO_printf( Perl_debug_log,
+                                    s,   utf8_target, 0 );
+                            Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                                 "%sState: %4"UVxf", word=%"UVxf,
                                 failed ? " Fail transition to " : "",
                                 (UV)state, (UV)word);
@@ -2638,13 +2649,13 @@ S_find_byclass(pTHX_ regexp * prog, const regnode *c, char *s,
                                  && (tmp=trie->trans[offset].next))
                             {
                                 DEBUG_TRIE_EXECUTE_r(
-                                    PerlIO_printf( Perl_debug_log," - legal\n"));
+                                    Perl_re_printf( aTHX_ " - legal\n"));
                                 state = tmp;
                                 break;
                             }
                             else {
                                 DEBUG_TRIE_EXECUTE_r(
-                                    PerlIO_printf( Perl_debug_log," - fail\n"));
+                                    Perl_re_printf( aTHX_ " - fail\n"));
                                 failed = 1;
                                 state = aho->fail[state];
                             }
@@ -2652,7 +2663,7 @@ S_find_byclass(pTHX_ regexp * prog, const regnode *c, char *s,
                         else {
                             /* we must be accepting here */
                             DEBUG_TRIE_EXECUTE_r(
-                                    PerlIO_printf( Perl_debug_log," - accepting\n"));
+                                    Perl_re_printf( aTHX_ " - accepting\n"));
                             failed = 1;
                             break;
                         }
@@ -2674,8 +2685,7 @@ S_find_byclass(pTHX_ regexp * prog, const regnode *c, char *s,
                 if (leftmost) {
                     s = (char*)leftmost;
                     DEBUG_TRIE_EXECUTE_r({
-                        PerlIO_printf(
-                            Perl_debug_log,"Matches word #%"UVxf" at position %"IVdf". Trying full pattern...\n",
+                        Perl_re_printf( aTHX_  "Matches word #%"UVxf" at position %"IVdf". Trying full pattern...\n",
                             (UV)accepted_word, (IV)(s - real_start)
                         );
                     });
@@ -2686,11 +2696,11 @@ S_find_byclass(pTHX_ regexp * prog, const regnode *c, char *s,
                     }
                     s = HOPc(s,1);
                     DEBUG_TRIE_EXECUTE_r({
-                        PerlIO_printf( Perl_debug_log,"Pattern failed. Looking for new start point...\n");
+                        Perl_re_printf( aTHX_ "Pattern failed. Looking for new start point...\n");
                     });
                 } else {
                     DEBUG_TRIE_EXECUTE_r(
-                        PerlIO_printf( Perl_debug_log,"No match.\n"));
+                        Perl_re_printf( aTHX_ "No match.\n"));
                     break;
                 }
             }
@@ -2722,11 +2732,9 @@ S_reg_set_capture_string(pTHX_ REGEXP * const rx,
     if (flags & REXEC_COPY_STR) {
 #ifdef PERL_ANY_COW
         if (SvCANCOW(sv)) {
-            if (DEBUG_C_TEST) {
-                PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+            DEBUG_C(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                               "Copy on write: regexp capture, type %d\n",
-                              (int) SvTYPE(sv));
-            }
+                                    (int) SvTYPE(sv)));
             /* Create a new COW SV to share the match string and store
              * in saved_copy, unless the current COW SV in saved_copy
              * is valid and suitable for our purpose */
@@ -2922,7 +2930,7 @@ Perl_regexec_flags(pTHX_ REGEXP * const rx, char *stringarg, char *strend,
             ? strbeg + MgBYTEPOS(mg, sv, strbeg, strend-strbeg)
             : strbeg; /* pos() not defined; use start of string */
 
-        DEBUG_GPOS_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+        DEBUG_GPOS_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
             "GPOS ganch set to strbeg[%"IVdf"]\n", (IV)(reginfo->ganch - strbeg)));
 
         /* in the presence of \G, we may need to start looking earlier in
@@ -2941,7 +2949,7 @@ Perl_regexec_flags(pTHX_ REGEXP * const rx, char *stringarg, char *strend,
                 if (!startpos ||
                     ((flags & REXEC_FAIL_ON_UNDERFLOW) && startpos < stringarg))
                 {
-                    DEBUG_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+                    DEBUG_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                             "fail: ganch-gofs before earliest possible start\n"));
                     return 0;
                 }
@@ -2960,7 +2968,7 @@ Perl_regexec_flags(pTHX_ REGEXP * const rx, char *stringarg, char *strend,
 
     minlen = prog->minlen;
     if ((startpos + minlen) > strend || startpos < strbeg) {
-        DEBUG_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+        DEBUG_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                     "Regex match can't succeed, so not even tried\n"));
         return 0;
     }
@@ -2995,7 +3003,7 @@ Perl_regexec_flags(pTHX_ REGEXP * const rx, char *stringarg, char *strend,
             {
                 /* this should only be possible under \G */
                 assert(prog->intflags & PREGf_GPOS_SEEN);
-                DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+                DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                     "matched, but failing for REXEC_FAIL_ON_UNDERFLOW\n"));
                 goto phooey;
             }
@@ -3020,7 +3028,7 @@ Perl_regexec_flags(pTHX_ REGEXP * const rx, char *stringarg, char *strend,
     multiline = prog->extflags & RXf_PMf_MULTILINE;
     
     if (strend - s < (minlen+(prog->check_offset_min<0?prog->check_offset_min:0))) {
-        DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+        DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                              "String too short [regexec_flags]...\n"));
        goto phooey;
     }
@@ -3117,7 +3125,7 @@ Perl_regexec_flags(pTHX_ REGEXP * const rx, char *stringarg, char *strend,
         swap = prog->offs;
         /* do we need a save destructor here for eval dies? */
         Newxz(prog->offs, (prog->nparens + 1), regexp_paren_pair);
-       DEBUG_BUFFERS_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+        DEBUG_BUFFERS_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
            "rex=0x%"UVxf" saving  offs: orig=0x%"UVxf" new=0x%"UVxf"\n",
            PTR2UV(prog),
            PTR2UV(swap),
@@ -3125,6 +3133,9 @@ Perl_regexec_flags(pTHX_ REGEXP * const rx, char *stringarg, char *strend,
        ));
     }
 
+    if (prog->recurse_locinput)
+        Zero(prog->recurse_locinput,prog->nparens + 1, char *);
+
     /* Simplest case: anchored match need be tried only once, or with
      * MBOL, only at the beginning of each line.
      *
@@ -3225,7 +3236,7 @@ Perl_regexec_flags(pTHX_ REGEXP * const rx, char *stringarg, char *strend,
            );
        }
        DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(if (!did_match)
-               PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+                Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                                   "Did not find anchored character...\n")
                );
     }
@@ -3330,7 +3341,7 @@ Perl_regexec_flags(pTHX_ REGEXP * const rx, char *stringarg, char *strend,
        DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(if (!did_match) {
             RE_PV_QUOTED_DECL(quoted, utf8_target, PERL_DEBUG_PAD_ZERO(0),
                 SvPVX_const(must), RE_SV_DUMPLEN(must), 30);
-            PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "Did not find %s substr %s%s...\n",
+            Perl_re_printf( aTHX_  "Did not find %s substr %s%s...\n",
                              ((must == prog->anchored_substr || must == prog->anchored_utf8)
                               ? "anchored" : "floating"),
                 quoted, RE_SV_TAIL(must));
@@ -3350,7 +3361,7 @@ Perl_regexec_flags(pTHX_ REGEXP * const rx, char *stringarg, char *strend,
            {
                RE_PV_QUOTED_DECL(quoted,utf8_target,PERL_DEBUG_PAD_ZERO(1),
                    s,strend-s,60);
-               PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+                Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                    "Matching stclass %.*s against %s (%d bytes)\n",
                    (int)SvCUR(prop), SvPVX_const(prop),
                     quoted, (int)(strend - s));
@@ -3358,7 +3369,7 @@ Perl_regexec_flags(pTHX_ REGEXP * const rx, char *stringarg, char *strend,
        });
         if (find_byclass(prog, c, s, strend, reginfo))
            goto got_it;
-       DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "Contradicts stclass... [regexec_flags]\n"));
+        DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_  "Contradicts stclass... [regexec_flags]\n"));
     }
     else {
        dontbother = 0;
@@ -3397,14 +3408,14 @@ Perl_regexec_flags(pTHX_ REGEXP * const rx, char *stringarg, char *strend,
                      * the \n. */
                    char *checkpos= strend - len;
                    DEBUG_OPTIMISE_r(
-                       PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+                        Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                            "%sChecking for float_real.%s\n",
                            PL_colors[4], PL_colors[5]));
                    if (checkpos + 1 < strbeg) {
                         /* can't match, even if we remove the trailing \n
                          * string is too short to match */
                        DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(
-                           PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+                            Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                                "%sString shorter than required trailing substring, cannot match.%s\n",
                                PL_colors[4], PL_colors[5]));
                        goto phooey;
@@ -3416,7 +3427,7 @@ Perl_regexec_flags(pTHX_ REGEXP * const rx, char *stringarg, char *strend,
                         /* cant match, string is too short when the "\n" is
                          * included */
                        DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(
-                           PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+                            Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                                "%sString does not contain required trailing substring, cannot match.%s\n",
                                PL_colors[4], PL_colors[5]));
                        goto phooey;
@@ -3427,7 +3438,7 @@ Perl_regexec_flags(pTHX_ REGEXP * const rx, char *stringarg, char *strend,
                            last= checkpos;
                        } else {
                            DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(
-                               PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+                                Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                                    "%sString does not contain required trailing substring, cannot match.%s\n",
                                    PL_colors[4], PL_colors[5]));
                            goto phooey;
@@ -3451,7 +3462,7 @@ Perl_regexec_flags(pTHX_ REGEXP * const rx, char *stringarg, char *strend,
                  * pretty sure it is not anymore, so I have removed the comment
                  * and replaced it with this one. Yves */
                DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(
-                   PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+                    Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                        "%sString does not contain required substring, cannot match.%s\n",
                         PL_colors[4], PL_colors[5]
                    ));
@@ -3491,14 +3502,14 @@ Perl_regexec_flags(pTHX_ REGEXP * const rx, char *stringarg, char *strend,
     {
         /* this should only be possible under \G */
         assert(prog->intflags & PREGf_GPOS_SEEN);
-        DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+        DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
             "matched, but failing for REXEC_FAIL_ON_UNDERFLOW\n"));
         goto phooey;
     }
 
     DEBUG_BUFFERS_r(
        if (swap)
-           PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+            Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                "rex=0x%"UVxf" freeing offs: 0x%"UVxf"\n",
                PTR2UV(prog),
                PTR2UV(swap)
@@ -3524,7 +3535,7 @@ Perl_regexec_flags(pTHX_ REGEXP * const rx, char *stringarg, char *strend,
     return 1;
 
   phooey:
-    DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "%sMatch failed%s\n",
+    DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_  "%sMatch failed%s\n",
                          PL_colors[4], PL_colors[5]));
 
     /* clean up; this will trigger destructors that will free all slabs
@@ -3535,7 +3546,7 @@ Perl_regexec_flags(pTHX_ REGEXP * const rx, char *stringarg, char *strend,
 
     if (swap) {
         /* we failed :-( roll it back */
-       DEBUG_BUFFERS_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+        DEBUG_BUFFERS_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
            "rex=0x%"UVxf" rolling back offs: freeing=0x%"UVxf" restoring=0x%"UVxf"\n",
            PTR2UV(prog),
            PTR2UV(prog->offs),
@@ -3568,6 +3579,9 @@ S_regtry(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char **startposp)
     REGEXP *const rx = reginfo->prog;
     regexp *const prog = ReANY(rx);
     SSize_t result;
+#ifdef DEBUGGING
+    U32 depth = 0; /* used by REGCP_SET */
+#endif
     RXi_GET_DECL(prog,progi);
     GET_RE_DEBUG_FLAGS_DECL;
 
@@ -3628,10 +3642,26 @@ S_regtry(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char **startposp)
     sayNO
 
 /* this is used to determine how far from the left messages like
-   'failed...' are printed. It should be set such that messages 
-   are inline with the regop output that created them.
+   'failed...' are printed in regexec.c. It should be set such that
+   messages are inline with the regop output that created them.
 */
-#define REPORT_CODE_OFF 32
+#define REPORT_CODE_OFF 29
+#define INDENT_CHARS(depth) ((int)(depth) % 20)
+#ifdef DEBUGGING
+int
+Perl_re_exec_indentf(pTHX_ const char *fmt, U32 depth, ...)
+{
+    va_list ap;
+    int result;
+    PerlIO *f= Perl_debug_log;
+    PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_RE_EXEC_INDENTF;
+    va_start(ap, depth);
+    PerlIO_printf(f, "%*s|%4"UVuf"| %*s", REPORT_CODE_OFF, "", (UV)depth, INDENT_CHARS(depth), "" );
+    result = PerlIO_vprintf(f, fmt, ap);
+    va_end(ap);
+    return result;
+}
+#endif /* DEBUGGING */
 
 
 #define CHRTEST_UNINIT -1001 /* c1/c2 haven't been calculated yet */
@@ -3812,18 +3842,18 @@ regmatch(), slabs allocated since entry are freed.
 */
  
 
-#define DEBUG_STATE_pp(pp)                                 \
-    DEBUG_STATE_r({                                        \
-       DUMP_EXEC_POS(locinput, scan, utf8_target);         \
-       PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,                       \
-           "    %*s"pp" %s%s%s%s%s\n",                     \
-           depth*2, "",                                    \
-           PL_reg_name[st->resume_state],                  \
-           ((st==yes_state||st==mark_state) ? "[" : ""),   \
-           ((st==yes_state) ? "Y" : ""),                   \
-           ((st==mark_state) ? "M" : ""),                  \
-           ((st==yes_state||st==mark_state) ? "]" : "")    \
-       );                                                  \
+#define DEBUG_STATE_pp(pp)                                  \
+    DEBUG_STATE_r({                                         \
+        DUMP_EXEC_POS(locinput, scan, utf8_target,depth);   \
+        Perl_re_printf( aTHX_                                           \
+            "%*s" pp " %s%s%s%s%s\n",                       \
+            INDENT_CHARS(depth), "",                        \
+            PL_reg_name[st->resume_state],                  \
+            ((st==yes_state||st==mark_state) ? "[" : ""),   \
+            ((st==yes_state) ? "Y" : ""),                   \
+            ((st==mark_state) ? "M" : ""),                  \
+            ((st==yes_state||st==mark_state) ? "]" : "")    \
+        );                                                  \
     });
 
 
@@ -3848,12 +3878,12 @@ S_debug_start_match(pTHX_ const REGEXP *prog, const bool utf8_target,
         RE_PV_QUOTED_DECL(s1, utf8_target, PERL_DEBUG_PAD_ZERO(1),
             start, end - start, 60); 
         
-        PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, 
+        Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
             "%s%s REx%s %s against %s\n", 
                       PL_colors[4], blurb, PL_colors[5], s0, s1); 
         
         if (utf8_target||utf8_pat)
-            PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "UTF-8 %s%s%s...\n",
+            Perl_re_printf( aTHX_  "UTF-8 %s%s%s...\n",
                 utf8_pat ? "pattern" : "",
                 utf8_pat && utf8_target ? " and " : "",
                 utf8_target ? "string" : ""
@@ -3867,7 +3897,9 @@ S_dump_exec_pos(pTHX_ const char *locinput,
                       const char *loc_regeol, 
                       const char *loc_bostr, 
                       const char *loc_reg_starttry,
-                      const bool utf8_target)
+                      const bool utf8_target,
+                      const U32 depth
+                )
 {
     const int docolor = *PL_colors[0] || *PL_colors[2] || *PL_colors[4];
     const int taill = (docolor ? 10 : 7); /* 3 chars for "> <" */
@@ -3910,15 +3942,16 @@ S_dump_exec_pos(pTHX_ const char *locinput,
                    locinput, loc_regeol - locinput, 10, 0, 1);
 
        const STRLEN tlen=len0+len1+len2;
-       PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
-                   "%4"IVdf" <%.*s%.*s%s%.*s>%*s|",
+        Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
+                    "%4"IVdf" <%.*s%.*s%s%.*s>%*s|%4u| ",
                    (IV)(locinput - loc_bostr),
                    len0, s0,
                    len1, s1,
                    (docolor ? "" : "> <"),
                    len2, s2,
                    (int)(tlen > 19 ? 0 :  19 - tlen),
-                   "");
+                    "",
+                    depth);
     }
 }
 
@@ -4126,7 +4159,7 @@ S_setup_EXACTISH_ST_c1_c2(pTHX_ const regnode * const text_node, int *c1p,
                 }
                 else {  /* Does participate in folds */
                     AV* list = (AV*) *listp;
-                    if (av_tindex(list) != 1) {
+                    if (av_tindex_nomg(list) != 1) {
 
                         /* If there aren't exactly two folds to this, it is
                          * outside the scope of this function */
@@ -4262,13 +4295,108 @@ S_setup_EXACTISH_ST_c1_c2(pTHX_ const regnode * const text_node, int *c1p,
     return TRUE;
 }
 
-PERL_STATIC_INLINE bool
-S_isGCB(const GCB_enum before, const GCB_enum after)
+STATIC bool
+S_isGCB(pTHX_ const GCB_enum before, const GCB_enum after, const U8 * const strbeg, const U8 * const curpos, const bool utf8_target)
 {
     /* returns a boolean indicating if there is a Grapheme Cluster Boundary
-     * between the inputs.  See http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr29/ */
+     * between the inputs.  See http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr29/. */
+
+    PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_ISGCB;
+
+    switch (GCB_table[before][after]) {
+        case GCB_BREAKABLE:
+            return TRUE;
+
+        case GCB_NOBREAK:
+            return FALSE;
+
+        case GCB_RI_then_RI:
+            {
+                int RI_count = 1;
+                U8 * temp_pos = (U8 *) curpos;
+
+                /* Do not break within emoji flag sequences. That is, do not
+                 * break between regional indicator (RI) symbols if there is an
+                 * odd number of RI characters before the break point.
+                 *  GB12     ^ (RI RI)* RI Ã— RI
+                 *  GB13 [^RI] (RI RI)* RI Ã— RI */
+
+                while (backup_one_GCB(strbeg,
+                                    &temp_pos,
+                                    utf8_target) == GCB_Regional_Indicator)
+                {
+                    RI_count++;
+                }
+
+                return RI_count % 2 != 1;
+            }
+
+        case GCB_EX_then_EM:
+
+            /* GB10  ( E_Base | E_Base_GAZ ) Extend* Ã—  E_Modifier */
+            {
+                U8 * temp_pos = (U8 *) curpos;
+                GCB_enum prev;
+
+                do {
+                    prev = backup_one_GCB(strbeg, &temp_pos, utf8_target);
+                }
+                while (prev == GCB_Extend);
+
+                return prev != GCB_E_Base && prev != GCB_E_Base_GAZ;
+            }
+
+        default:
+            break;
+    }
+
+#ifdef DEBUGGING
+    Perl_re_printf( aTHX_  "Unhandled GCB pair: GCB_table[%d, %d] = %d\n",
+                                  before, after, GCB_table[before][after]);
+    assert(0);
+#endif
+    return TRUE;
+}
+
+STATIC GCB_enum
+S_backup_one_GCB(pTHX_ const U8 * const strbeg, U8 ** curpos, const bool utf8_target)
+{
+    GCB_enum gcb;
+
+    PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_BACKUP_ONE_GCB;
+
+    if (*curpos < strbeg) {
+        return GCB_EDGE;
+    }
+
+    if (utf8_target) {
+        U8 * prev_char_pos = reghopmaybe3(*curpos, -1, strbeg);
+        U8 * prev_prev_char_pos;
+
+        if (! prev_char_pos) {
+            return GCB_EDGE;
+        }
+
+        if ((prev_prev_char_pos = reghopmaybe3((U8 *) prev_char_pos, -1, strbeg))) {
+            gcb = getGCB_VAL_UTF8(prev_prev_char_pos, prev_char_pos);
+            *curpos = prev_char_pos;
+            prev_char_pos = prev_prev_char_pos;
+        }
+        else {
+            *curpos = (U8 *) strbeg;
+            return GCB_EDGE;
+        }
+    }
+    else {
+        if (*curpos - 2 < strbeg) {
+            *curpos = (U8 *) strbeg;
+            return GCB_EDGE;
+        }
+        (*curpos)--;
+        gcb = getGCB_VAL_CP(*(*curpos - 1));
+    }
 
-    return GCB_table[before][after];
+    return gcb;
 }
 
 /* Combining marks attach to most classes that precede them, but this defines
@@ -4299,7 +4427,7 @@ S_isLB(pTHX_ LB_enum before,
 
     PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_ISLB;
 
-    /* Rule numbers in the comments below are as of Unicode 8.0 */
+    /* Rule numbers in the comments below are as of Unicode 9.0 */
 
   redo:
     before = prev;
@@ -4393,14 +4521,14 @@ S_isLB(pTHX_ LB_enum before,
              * that is overriden */
             return LB_table[prev][after] != LB_NOBREAK_EVEN_WITH_SP_BETWEEN;
 
-        case LB_CM_foo:
+        case LB_CM_ZWJ_foo:
 
             /* We don't know how to treat the CM except by looking at the first
-             * non-CM character preceding it */
+             * non-CM character preceding it.  ZWJ is treated as CM */
             do {
                 prev = backup_one_LB(strbeg, &temp_pos, utf8_target);
             }
-            while (prev == LB_Combining_Mark);
+            while (prev == LB_Combining_Mark || prev == LB_ZWJ);
 
             /* Here, 'prev' is that first earlier non-CM character.  If the CM
              * attatches to it, then it inherits the behavior of 'prev'.  If it
@@ -4473,12 +4601,34 @@ S_isLB(pTHX_ LB_enum before,
             return LB_various_then_PO_or_PR;
         }
 
+        case LB_RI_then_RI + LB_NOBREAK:
+        case LB_RI_then_RI + LB_BREAKABLE:
+            {
+                int RI_count = 1;
+
+                /* LB30a Break between two regional indicator symbols if and
+                 * only if there are an even number of regional indicators
+                 * preceding the position of the break.
+                 *
+                 *  sot (RI RI)* RI Ã— RI
+                 *  [^RI] (RI RI)* RI Ã— RI */
+
+                while (backup_one_LB(strbeg,
+                                     &temp_pos,
+                                     utf8_target) == LB_Regional_Indicator)
+                {
+                    RI_count++;
+                }
+
+                return RI_count % 2 == 0;
+            }
+
         default:
             break;
     }
 
 #ifdef DEBUGGING
-    PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "Unhandled LB pair: LB_table[%d, %d] = %d\n",
+    Perl_re_printf( aTHX_  "Unhandled LB pair: LB_table[%d, %d] = %d\n",
                                   before, after, LB_table[before][after]);
     assert(0);
 #endif
@@ -4857,7 +5007,7 @@ S_isWB(pTHX_ WB_enum previous,
 
     PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_ISWB;
 
-    /* Rule numbers in the comments below are as of Unicode 8.0 */
+    /* Rule numbers in the comments below are as of Unicode 9.0 */
 
   redo:
     before = prev;
@@ -4883,11 +5033,11 @@ S_isWB(pTHX_ WB_enum previous,
          * the beginning of a region of text', the rule is to break before
          * them, just like any other character.  Therefore, the default rule
          * applies and we don't have to look in more depth.  Should this ever
-         * change, we would have to have 2 'case' statements, like in the
-         * rules below, and backup a single character (not spacing over the
-         * extend ones) and then see if that is one of the region-end
-         * characters and go from there */
-        case WB_Ex_or_FO_then_foo:
+         * change, we would have to have 2 'case' statements, like in the rules
+         * below, and backup a single character (not spacing over the extend
+         * ones) and then see if that is one of the region-end characters and
+         * go from there */
+        case WB_Ex_or_FO_or_ZWJ_then_foo:
             prev = backup_one_WB(&previous, strbeg, &before_pos, utf8_target);
             goto redo;
 
@@ -4980,12 +5130,36 @@ S_isWB(pTHX_ WB_enum previous,
             return WB_table[before][after]
                                 - WB_NU_then_MB_or_MN_or_SQ == WB_BREAKABLE;
 
+        case WB_RI_then_RI + WB_NOBREAK:
+        case WB_RI_then_RI + WB_BREAKABLE:
+            {
+                int RI_count = 1;
+
+                /* Do not break within emoji flag sequences. That is, do not
+                 * break between regional indicator (RI) symbols if there is an
+                 * odd number of RI characters before the potential break
+                 * point.
+                 *
+                 * WB15     ^ (RI RI)* RI Ã— RI
+                 * WB16 [^RI] (RI RI)* RI Ã— RI */
+
+                while (backup_one_WB(&previous,
+                                     strbeg,
+                                     &before_pos,
+                                     utf8_target) == WB_Regional_Indicator)
+                {
+                    RI_count++;
+                }
+
+                return RI_count % 2 != 1;
+            }
+
         default:
             break;
     }
 
 #ifdef DEBUGGING
-    PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "Unhandled WB pair: WB_table[%d, %d] = %d\n",
+    Perl_re_printf( aTHX_  "Unhandled WB pair: WB_table[%d, %d] = %d\n",
                                   before, after, WB_table[before][after]);
     assert(0);
 #endif
@@ -5060,8 +5234,8 @@ S_backup_one_WB(pTHX_ WB_enum * previous, const U8 * const strbeg, U8 ** curpos,
             *previous = (*curpos <= strbeg) ? WB_EDGE : WB_UNKNOWN;
         }
 
-        /* And we always back up over these two types */
-        if (wb != WB_Extend && wb != WB_Format) {
+        /* And we always back up over these three types */
+        if (wb != WB_Extend && wb != WB_Format && wb != WB_ZWJ) {
             return wb;
         }
     }
@@ -5092,7 +5266,7 @@ S_backup_one_WB(pTHX_ WB_enum * previous, const U8 * const strbeg, U8 ** curpos,
                 *curpos = (U8 *) strbeg;
                 return WB_EDGE;
             }
-        } while (wb == WB_Extend || wb == WB_Format);
+        } while (wb == WB_Extend || wb == WB_Format || wb == WB_ZWJ);
     }
     else {
         do {
@@ -5108,6 +5282,28 @@ S_backup_one_WB(pTHX_ WB_enum * previous, const U8 * const strbeg, U8 ** curpos,
     return wb;
 }
 
+#define EVAL_CLOSE_PAREN_IS(st,expr)                        \
+(                                                           \
+    (   ( st )                                         ) && \
+    (   ( st )->u.eval.close_paren                     ) && \
+    ( ( ( st )->u.eval.close_paren ) == ( (expr) + 1 ) )    \
+)
+
+#define EVAL_CLOSE_PAREN_IS_TRUE(st,expr)                   \
+(                                                           \
+    (   ( st )                                         ) && \
+    (   ( st )->u.eval.close_paren                     ) && \
+    (   ( expr )                                       ) && \
+    ( ( ( st )->u.eval.close_paren ) == ( (expr) + 1 ) )    \
+)
+
+
+#define EVAL_CLOSE_PAREN_SET(st,expr) \
+    (st)->u.eval.close_paren = ( (expr) + 1 )
+
+#define EVAL_CLOSE_PAREN_CLEAR(st) \
+    (st)->u.eval.close_paren = 0
+
 /* returns -1 on failure, $+[0] on success */
 STATIC SSize_t
 S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
@@ -5183,6 +5379,12 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
     bool is_utf8_pat = reginfo->is_utf8_pat;
     bool match = FALSE;
 
+/* Solaris Studio 12.3 messes up fetching PL_charclass['\n'] */
+#if (defined(__SUNPRO_C) && (__SUNPRO_C == 0x5120) && defined(__x86_64) && defined(USE_64_BIT_ALL))
+#  define SOLARIS_BAD_OPTIMIZER
+    const U32 *pl_charclass_dup = PL_charclass;
+#  define PL_charclass pl_charclass_dup
+#endif
 
 #ifdef DEBUGGING
     GET_RE_DEBUG_FLAGS_DECL;
@@ -5198,7 +5400,7 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
     PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_REGMATCH;
 
     DEBUG_OPTIMISE_r( DEBUG_EXECUTE_r({
-           PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,"regmatch start\n");
+            Perl_re_printf( aTHX_ "regmatch start\n");
     }));
 
     st = PL_regmatch_state;
@@ -5208,19 +5410,6 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
     scan = prog;
     while (scan != NULL) {
 
-        DEBUG_EXECUTE_r( {
-           SV * const prop = sv_newmortal();
-           regnode *rnext=regnext(scan);
-           DUMP_EXEC_POS( locinput, scan, utf8_target );
-            regprop(rex, prop, scan, reginfo, NULL);
-            
-           PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
-                   "%3"IVdf":%*s%s(%"IVdf")\n",
-                   (IV)(scan - rexi->program), depth*2, "",
-                   SvPVX_const(prop),
-                   (PL_regkind[OP(scan)] == END || !rnext) ? 
-                       0 : (IV)(rnext - rexi->program));
-       });
 
        next = scan + NEXT_OFF(scan);
        if (next == scan)
@@ -5228,6 +5417,23 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
        state_num = OP(scan);
 
       reenter_switch:
+        DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(
+            if (state_num <= REGNODE_MAX) {
+                SV * const prop = sv_newmortal();
+                regnode *rnext = regnext(scan);
+
+                DUMP_EXEC_POS( locinput, scan, utf8_target, depth );
+                regprop(rex, prop, scan, reginfo, NULL);
+                Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
+                    "%*s%"IVdf":%s(%"IVdf")\n",
+                    INDENT_CHARS(depth), "",
+                    (IV)(scan - rexi->program),
+                    SvPVX_const(prop),
+                    (PL_regkind[OP(scan)] == END || !rnext) ?
+                        0 : (IV)(rnext - rexi->program));
+            }
+        );
+
         to_complement = 0;
 
         SET_nextchr;
@@ -5301,9 +5507,8 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
              */
             if(!NEXTCHR_IS_EOS && !ANYOF_BITMAP_TEST(scan, nextchr)) {
                 DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(
-                    PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
-                              "%*s  %sfailed to match trie start class...%s\n",
-                              REPORT_CODE_OFF+depth*2, "", PL_colors[4], PL_colors[5])
+                    Perl_re_exec_indentf( aTHX_  "%sfailed to match trie start class...%s\n",
+                              depth, PL_colors[4], PL_colors[5])
                 );
                 sayNO_SILENT;
                 NOT_REACHED; /* NOTREACHED */
@@ -5382,17 +5587,15 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
                 {
                    if (trie->states[ state ].wordnum) {
                         DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(
-                            PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
-                                         "%*s  %smatched empty string...%s\n",
-                                         REPORT_CODE_OFF+depth*2, "", PL_colors[4], PL_colors[5])
+                            Perl_re_exec_indentf( aTHX_  "%smatched empty string...%s\n",
+                                          depth, PL_colors[4], PL_colors[5])
                         );
                        if (!trie->jump)
                            break;
                    } else {
                        DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(
-                            PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
-                                         "%*s  %sfailed to match trie start class...%s\n",
-                                         REPORT_CODE_OFF+depth*2, "", PL_colors[4], PL_colors[5])
+                            Perl_re_exec_indentf( aTHX_  "%sfailed to match trie start class...%s\n",
+                                          depth, PL_colors[4], PL_colors[5])
                         );
                        sayNO_SILENT;
                   }
@@ -5444,10 +5647,10 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
                    }
 
                    DEBUG_TRIE_EXECUTE_r({
-                               DUMP_EXEC_POS( (char *)uc, scan, utf8_target );
-                               PerlIO_printf( Perl_debug_log,
-                                   "%*s  %sState: %4"UVxf" Accepted: %c ",
-                                   2+depth * 2, "", PL_colors[4],
+                                DUMP_EXEC_POS( (char *)uc, scan, utf8_target, depth );
+                                Perl_re_exec_indentf( aTHX_
+                                    "%sState: %4"UVxf" Accepted: %c ",
+                                    depth, PL_colors[4],
                                    (UV)state, (accepted ? 'Y' : 'N'));
                    });
 
@@ -5479,7 +5682,7 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
                        state = 0;
                    }
                    DEBUG_TRIE_EXECUTE_r(
-                       PerlIO_printf( Perl_debug_log,
+                        Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                            "Charid:%3x CP:%4"UVxf" After State: %4"UVxf"%s\n",
                            charid, uvc, (UV)state, PL_colors[5] );
                    );
@@ -5499,9 +5702,8 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
                }
 
                DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(
-                   PerlIO_printf( Perl_debug_log,
-                       "%*s  %sgot %"IVdf" possible matches%s\n",
-                       REPORT_CODE_OFF + depth * 2, "",
+                    Perl_re_exec_indentf( aTHX_  "%sgot %"IVdf" possible matches%s\n",
+                        depth,
                        PL_colors[4], (IV)ST.accepted, PL_colors[5] );
                );
                goto trie_first_try; /* jump into the fail handler */
@@ -5517,9 +5719,8 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
            }
            if (!--ST.accepted) {
                DEBUG_EXECUTE_r({
-                   PerlIO_printf( Perl_debug_log,
-                       "%*s  %sTRIE failed...%s\n",
-                       REPORT_CODE_OFF+depth*2, "", 
+                    Perl_re_exec_indentf( aTHX_  "%sTRIE failed...%s\n",
+                        depth,
                        PL_colors[4],
                        PL_colors[5] );
                });
@@ -5609,9 +5810,8 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
                            : NEXT_OFF(ST.me));
 
            DEBUG_EXECUTE_r({
-               PerlIO_printf( Perl_debug_log,
-                   "%*s  %sTRIE matched word #%d, continuing%s\n",
-                   REPORT_CODE_OFF+depth*2, "", 
+                Perl_re_exec_indentf( aTHX_  "%sTRIE matched word #%d, continuing%s\n",
+                    depth,
                    PL_colors[4],
                    ST.nextword,
                    PL_colors[5]
@@ -5630,9 +5830,8 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
                         ? av_fetch(trie_words, ST.nextword - 1, 0) : NULL;
                SV *sv= tmp ? sv_newmortal() : NULL;
 
-               PerlIO_printf( Perl_debug_log,
-                   "%*s  %sonly one match left, short-circuiting: #%d <%s>%s\n",
-                   REPORT_CODE_OFF+depth*2, "", PL_colors[4],
+                Perl_re_exec_indentf( aTHX_  "%sonly one match left, short-circuiting: #%d <%s>%s\n",
+                    depth, PL_colors[4],
                    ST.nextword,
                    tmp ? pv_pretty(sv, SvPV_nolen_const(*tmp), SvCUR(*tmp), 0,
                            PL_colors[0], PL_colors[1],
@@ -5928,7 +6127,7 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
                         b1 = (locinput == reginfo->strbeg)
                              ? 0 /* isWORDCHAR_L1('\n') */
                              : isWORDCHAR_utf8(reghop3((U8*)locinput, -1,
-                                                                (U8*)(reginfo->strbeg)));
+                                                       (U8*)(reginfo->strbeg)));
                         b2 = (NEXTCHR_IS_EOS)
                             ? 0 /* isWORDCHAR_L1('\n') */
                             : isWORDCHAR_utf8((U8*)locinput);
@@ -5949,7 +6148,10 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
                                                         (U8*)(reginfo->strbeg)),
                                                 (U8*) reginfo->strend),
                                           getGCB_VAL_UTF8((U8*) locinput,
-                                                        (U8*) reginfo->strend));
+                                                        (U8*) reginfo->strend),
+                                          (U8*) reginfo->strbeg,
+                                          (U8*) locinput,
+                                          utf8_target);
                         }
                         break;
 
@@ -6139,23 +6341,26 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
                 if (! (to_complement ^ cBOOL(isFOO_lc(FLAGS(scan), (U8) nextchr)))) {
                     sayNO;
                 }
+
+                locinput++;
+                break;
             }
-            else if (UTF8_IS_DOWNGRADEABLE_START(nextchr)) {
-                if (! (to_complement ^ cBOOL(isFOO_lc(FLAGS(scan),
-                                               EIGHT_BIT_UTF8_TO_NATIVE(nextchr,
-                                               *(locinput + 1))))))
-                {
-                    sayNO;
-                }
-            }
-            else { /* Here, must be an above Latin-1 code point */
+
+            if (! UTF8_IS_DOWNGRADEABLE_START(nextchr)) { /* An above Latin-1 code point */
                 _CHECK_AND_OUTPUT_WIDE_LOCALE_UTF8_MSG(locinput, reginfo->strend);
                 goto utf8_posix_above_latin1;
             }
 
-            /* Here, must be utf8 */
-            locinput += UTF8SKIP(locinput);
-            break;
+            /* Here is a UTF-8 variant code point below 256 and the target is
+             * UTF-8 */
+            if (! (to_complement ^ cBOOL(isFOO_lc(FLAGS(scan),
+                                            EIGHT_BIT_UTF8_TO_NATIVE(nextchr,
+                                            *(locinput + 1))))))
+            {
+                sayNO;
+            }
+
+            goto increment_locinput;
 
         case NPOSIXD:   /* \W or [:^punct:] etc. under /d */
             to_complement = 1;
@@ -6331,7 +6536,10 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
                 while (locinput < reginfo->strend) {
                     GCB_enum cur_gcb = getGCB_VAL_UTF8((U8*) locinput,
                                                          (U8*) reginfo->strend);
-                    if (isGCB(prev_gcb, cur_gcb)) {
+                    if (isGCB(prev_gcb, cur_gcb,
+                              (U8*) reginfo->strbeg, (U8*) locinput,
+                              utf8_target))
+                    {
                         break;
                     }
 
@@ -6487,18 +6695,19 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
 
 #undef  ST
 #define ST st->u.eval
+#define CUR_EVAL cur_eval->u.eval
+
        {
            SV *ret;
            REGEXP *re_sv;
             regexp *re;
             regexp_internal *rei;
             regnode *startpoint;
+            U32 arg;
 
-       case GOSTART: /*  (?R)  */
        case GOSUB: /*    /(...(?1))/   /(...(?&foo))/   */
-           if (cur_eval && cur_eval->locinput==locinput) {
-                if (cur_eval->u.eval.close_paren == (U32)ARG(scan)) 
-                    Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Infinite recursion in regex");
+            arg= (U32)ARG(scan);
+            if (cur_eval && cur_eval->locinput == locinput) {
                 if ( ++nochange_depth > max_nochange_depth )
                     Perl_croak(aTHX_ 
                         "Pattern subroutine nesting without pos change"
@@ -6509,12 +6718,33 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
            re_sv = rex_sv;
             re = rex;
             rei = rexi;
-            if (OP(scan)==GOSUB) {
-                startpoint = scan + ARG2L(scan);
-                ST.close_paren = ARG(scan);
+            startpoint = scan + ARG2L(scan);
+            EVAL_CLOSE_PAREN_SET( st, arg );
+            /* Detect infinite recursion
+             *
+             * A pattern like /(?R)foo/ or /(?<x>(?&y)foo)(?<y>(?&x)bar)/
+             * or "a"=~/(.(?2))((?<=(?=(?1)).))/ could recurse forever.
+             * So we track the position in the string we are at each time
+             * we recurse and if we try to enter the same routine twice from
+             * the same position we throw an error.
+             */
+            if ( rex->recurse_locinput[arg] == locinput ) {
+                /* FIXME: we should show the regop that is failing as part
+                 * of the error message. */
+                Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Infinite recursion in regex");
             } else {
-                startpoint = rei->program+1;
-                ST.close_paren = 0;
+                ST.prev_recurse_locinput= rex->recurse_locinput[arg];
+                rex->recurse_locinput[arg]= locinput;
+
+                DEBUG_r({
+                    GET_RE_DEBUG_FLAGS_DECL;
+                    DEBUG_STACK_r({
+                        Perl_re_exec_indentf( aTHX_
+                            "entering GOSUB, prev_recurse_locinput=%p recurse_locinput[%d]=%p\n",
+                            depth, ST.prev_recurse_locinput, arg, rex->recurse_locinput[arg]
+                        );
+                    });
+                });
             }
 
             /* Save all the positions seen so far. */
@@ -6552,10 +6782,9 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
                n = ARG(scan);
 
                if (rexi->data->what[n] == 'r') { /* code from an external qr */
-                   newcv = (ReANY(
-                                               (REGEXP*)(rexi->data->data[n])
-                                           ))->qr_anoncv
-                                       ;
+                    newcv = (ReANY(
+                                    (REGEXP*)(rexi->data->data[n])
+                            ))->qr_anoncv;
                    nop = (OP*)rexi->data->data[n+1];
                }
                else if (rexi->data->what[n] == 'l') { /* literal code */
@@ -6635,7 +6864,7 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
                }
                nop = nop->op_next;
 
-               DEBUG_STATE_r( PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, 
+                DEBUG_STATE_r( Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                    "  re EVAL PL_op=0x%"UVxf"\n", PTR2UV(nop)) );
 
                rex->offs[0].end = locinput - reginfo->strbeg;
@@ -6774,7 +7003,9 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
                                     reginfo->strend, "Matching embedded");
                );              
                startpoint = rei->program + 1;
-                       ST.close_paren = 0; /* only used for GOSUB */
+                EVAL_CLOSE_PAREN_CLEAR(st); /* ST.close_paren = 0;
+                                             * close_paren only for GOSUB */
+                ST.prev_recurse_locinput= NULL; /* only used for GOSUB */
                 /* Save all the seen positions so far. */
                 ST.cp = regcppush(rex, 0, maxopenparen);
                 REGCP_SET(ST.lastcp);
@@ -6815,7 +7046,26 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
        }
 
        case EVAL_AB: /* cleanup after a successful (??{A})B */
-           /* note: this is called twice; first after popping B, then A */
+            /* note: this is called twice; first after popping B, then A */
+            DEBUG_STACK_r({
+                Perl_re_exec_indentf( aTHX_  "EVAL_AB cur_eval=%p prev_eval=%p\n",
+                    depth, cur_eval, ST.prev_eval);
+            });
+
+#define SET_RECURSE_LOCINPUT(STR,VAL)\
+            if ( cur_eval && CUR_EVAL.close_paren ) {\
+                DEBUG_STACK_r({ \
+                    Perl_re_exec_indentf( aTHX_  STR " GOSUB%d ce=%p recurse_locinput=%p\n",\
+                        depth,    \
+                        CUR_EVAL.close_paren - 1,\
+                        cur_eval, \
+                        VAL);     \
+                });               \
+                rex->recurse_locinput[CUR_EVAL.close_paren - 1] = VAL;\
+            }
+
+            SET_RECURSE_LOCINPUT("EVAL_AB[before]", CUR_EVAL.prev_recurse_locinput);
+
            rex_sv = ST.prev_rex;
             is_utf8_pat = reginfo->is_utf8_pat = cBOOL(RX_UTF8(rex_sv));
            SET_reg_curpm(rex_sv);
@@ -6836,11 +7086,20 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
            reginfo->poscache_maxiter = 0;
             if ( nochange_depth )
                nochange_depth--;
+
+            SET_RECURSE_LOCINPUT("EVAL_AB[after]", cur_eval->locinput);
            sayYES;
 
 
        case EVAL_AB_fail: /* unsuccessfully ran A or B in (??{A})B */
            /* note: this is called twice; first after popping B, then A */
+            DEBUG_STACK_r({
+                Perl_re_exec_indentf( aTHX_  "EVAL_AB_fail cur_eval=%p prev_eval=%p\n",
+                    depth, cur_eval, ST.prev_eval);
+            });
+
+            SET_RECURSE_LOCINPUT("EVAL_AB_fail[before]", CUR_EVAL.prev_recurse_locinput);
+
            rex_sv = ST.prev_rex;
             is_utf8_pat = reginfo->is_utf8_pat = cBOOL(RX_UTF8(rex_sv));
            SET_reg_curpm(rex_sv);
@@ -6851,11 +7110,14 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
            regcppop(rex, &maxopenparen);
            cur_eval = ST.prev_eval;
            cur_curlyx = ST.prev_curlyx;
+
            /* Invalidate cache. See "invalidate" comment above. */
            reginfo->poscache_maxiter = 0;
            if ( nochange_depth )
                nochange_depth--;
-           sayNO_SILENT;
+
+            SET_RECURSE_LOCINPUT("EVAL_AB_fail[after]", cur_eval->locinput);
+            sayNO_SILENT;
 #undef ST
 
        case OPEN: /*  (  */
@@ -6863,7 +7125,7 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
            rex->offs[n].start_tmp = locinput - reginfo->strbeg;
            if (n > maxopenparen)
                maxopenparen = n;
-           DEBUG_BUFFERS_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+            DEBUG_BUFFERS_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
                "rex=0x%"UVxf" offs=0x%"UVxf": \\%"UVuf": set %"IVdf" tmp; maxopenparen=%"UVuf"\n",
                PTR2UV(rex),
                PTR2UV(rex->offs),
@@ -6875,16 +7137,16 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
            break;
 
 /* XXX really need to log other places start/end are set too */
-#define CLOSE_CAPTURE \
-    rex->offs[n].start = rex->offs[n].start_tmp; \
-    rex->offs[n].end = locinput - reginfo->strbeg; \
-    DEBUG_BUFFERS_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, \
-       "rex=0x%"UVxf" offs=0x%"UVxf": \\%"UVuf": set %"IVdf"..%"IVdf"\n", \
-       PTR2UV(rex), \
-       PTR2UV(rex->offs), \
-       (UV)n, \
-       (IV)rex->offs[n].start, \
-       (IV)rex->offs[n].end \
+#define CLOSE_CAPTURE                                                      \
+    rex->offs[n].start = rex->offs[n].start_tmp;                           \
+    rex->offs[n].end = locinput - reginfo->strbeg;                         \
+    DEBUG_BUFFERS_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_                                              \
+        "rex=0x%"UVxf" offs=0x%"UVxf": \\%"UVuf": set %"IVdf"..%"IVdf"\n", \
+        PTR2UV(rex),                                                       \
+        PTR2UV(rex->offs),                                                 \
+        (UV)n,                                                             \
+        (IV)rex->offs[n].start,                                            \
+        (IV)rex->offs[n].end                                               \
     ))
 
        case CLOSE:  /*  )  */
@@ -6893,9 +7155,9 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
            if (n > rex->lastparen)
                rex->lastparen = n;
            rex->lastcloseparen = n;
-            if (cur_eval && cur_eval->u.eval.close_paren == n) {
+            if ( EVAL_CLOSE_PAREN_IS( cur_eval, n ) )
                goto fake_end;
-           }    
+
            break;
 
         case ACCEPT:  /*  (*ACCEPT)  */
@@ -6914,8 +7176,7 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
                             if (n > rex->lastparen)
                                 rex->lastparen = n;
                             rex->lastcloseparen = n;
-                            if ( n == ARG(scan) || (cur_eval &&
-                                cur_eval->u.eval.close_paren == n))
+                            if ( n == ARG(scan) || EVAL_CLOSE_PAREN_IS(cur_eval, n) )
                                 break;
                         }
                     }
@@ -6936,7 +7197,9 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos, regnode *prog)
 
         case INSUBP:   /*  (?(R))  */
             n = ARG(scan);
-            sw = (cur_eval && (!n || cur_eval->u.eval.close_paren == n));
+            /* this does not need to use EVAL_CLOSE_PAREN macros, as the arg
+             * of SCAN is already set up as matches a eval.close_paren */
+            sw = cur_eval && (n == 0 || CUR_EVAL.close_paren == n);
             break;
 
         case DEFINEP:  /*  (?(DEFINE))  */
@@ -7108,9 +7371,8 @@ NULL
            ST.cache_mask = 0;
            
 
-           DEBUG_EXECUTE_r( PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
-                 "%*s  whilem: matched %ld out of %d..%d\n",
-                 REPORT_CODE_OFF+depth*2, "", (long)n, min, max)
+            DEBUG_EXECUTE_r( Perl_re_exec_indentf( aTHX_  "whilem: matched %ld out of %d..%d\n",
+                  depth, (long)n, min, max)
            );
 
            /* First just match a string of min A's. */
@@ -7128,9 +7390,8 @@ NULL
            /* If degenerate A matches "", assume A done. */
 
            if (locinput == cur_curlyx->u.curlyx.lastloc) {
-               DEBUG_EXECUTE_r( PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
-                  "%*s  whilem: empty match detected, trying continuation...\n",
-                  REPORT_CODE_OFF+depth*2, "")
+                DEBUG_EXECUTE_r( Perl_re_exec_indentf( aTHX_  "whilem: empty match detected, trying continuation...\n",
+                   depth)
                );
                goto do_whilem_B_max;
            }
@@ -7196,7 +7457,7 @@ NULL
                        reginfo->poscache_size = size;
                        Newxz(aux->poscache, size, char);
                    }
-                   DEBUG_EXECUTE_r( PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+                    DEBUG_EXECUTE_r( Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
       "%swhilem: Detected a super-linear match, switching on caching%s...\n",
                              PL_colors[4], PL_colors[5])
                    );
@@ -7213,9 +7474,8 @@ NULL
                    mask    = 1 << (offset % 8);
                    offset /= 8;
                    if (reginfo->info_aux->poscache[offset] & mask) {
-                       DEBUG_EXECUTE_r( PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
-                           "%*s  whilem: (cache) already tried at this position...\n",
-                           REPORT_CODE_OFF+depth*2, "")
+                        DEBUG_EXECUTE_r( Perl_re_exec_indentf( aTHX_  "whilem: (cache) already tried at this position...\n",
+                            depth)
                        );
                        sayNO; /* cache records failure */
                    }
@@ -7277,9 +7537,8 @@ NULL
        case WHILEM_A_max_fail: /* just failed to match A in a maximal match */
            REGCP_UNWIND(ST.lastcp);
            regcppop(rex, &maxopenparen); /* Restore some previous $<digit>s? */
-           DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
-               "%*s  whilem: failed, trying continuation...\n",
-               REPORT_CODE_OFF+depth*2, "")
+            DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_exec_indentf( aTHX_  "whilem: failed, trying continuation...\n",
+                depth)
            );
          do_whilem_B_max:
            if (cur_curlyx->u.curlyx.count >= REG_INFTY
@@ -7321,8 +7580,7 @@ NULL
                CACHEsayNO;
            }
 
-           DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
-               "%*s  trying longer...\n", REPORT_CODE_OFF+depth*2, "")
+            DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_exec_indentf( aTHX_  "trying longer...\n", depth)
            );
            /* Try grabbing another A and see if it helps. */
            cur_curlyx->u.curlyx.lastloc = locinput;
@@ -7389,9 +7647,8 @@ NULL
            /* no more branches? */
            if (!scan || (OP(scan) != BRANCH && OP(scan) != BRANCHJ)) {
                DEBUG_EXECUTE_r({
-                   PerlIO_printf( Perl_debug_log,
-                       "%*s  %sBRANCH failed...%s\n",
-                       REPORT_CODE_OFF+depth*2, "", 
+                    Perl_re_exec_indentf( aTHX_  "%sBRANCH failed...%s\n",
+                        depth,
                        PL_colors[4],
                        PL_colors[5] );
                });
@@ -7462,14 +7719,11 @@ NULL
                    ST.count = ST.minmod ? ARG1(ST.me) : ARG2(ST.me);
            }
            DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(
-               PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
-                         "%*s  CURLYM now matched %"IVdf" times, len=%"IVdf"...\n",
-                         (int)(REPORT_CODE_OFF+(depth*2)), "",
-                         (IV) ST.count, (IV)ST.alen)
+                Perl_re_exec_indentf( aTHX_  "CURLYM now matched %"IVdf" times, len=%"IVdf"...\n",
+                          depth, (IV) ST.count, (IV)ST.alen)
            );
 
-           if (cur_eval && cur_eval->u.eval.close_paren && 
-               cur_eval->u.eval.close_paren == (U32)ST.me->flags) 
+            if (EVAL_CLOSE_PAREN_IS_TRUE(cur_eval,(U32)ST.me->flags))
                goto fake_end;
                
            {
@@ -7482,9 +7736,9 @@ NULL
        case CURLYM_A_fail: /* just failed to match an A */
            REGCP_UNWIND(ST.cp);
 
+
            if (ST.minmod || ST.count < ARG1(ST.me) /* min*/ 
-               || (cur_eval && cur_eval->u.eval.close_paren &&
-                   cur_eval->u.eval.close_paren == (U32)ST.me->flags))
+                || EVAL_CLOSE_PAREN_IS_TRUE(cur_eval,(U32)ST.me->flags))
                sayNO;
 
          curlym_do_B: /* execute the B in /A{m,n}B/  */
@@ -7518,10 +7772,8 @@ NULL
            }
 
            DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(
-               PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
-                   "%*s  CURLYM trying tail with matches=%"IVdf"...\n",
-                   (int)(REPORT_CODE_OFF+(depth*2)),
-                   "", (IV)ST.count)
+                Perl_re_exec_indentf( aTHX_  "CURLYM trying tail with matches=%"IVdf"...\n",
+                    depth, (IV)ST.count)
                );
            if (! NEXTCHR_IS_EOS && ST.c1 != CHRTEST_VOID) {
                 if (! UTF8_IS_INVARIANT(nextchr) && utf8_target) {
@@ -7530,9 +7782,8 @@ NULL
                     {
                         /* simulate B failing */
                         DEBUG_OPTIMISE_r(
-                            PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
-                                "%*s  CURLYM Fast bail next target=0x%"UVXf" c1=0x%"UVXf" c2=0x%"UVXf"\n",
-                                (int)(REPORT_CODE_OFF+(depth*2)),"",
+                            Perl_re_exec_indentf( aTHX_  "CURLYM Fast bail next target=0x%"UVXf" c1=0x%"UVXf" c2=0x%"UVXf"\n",
+                                depth,
                                 valid_utf8_to_uvchr((U8 *) locinput, NULL),
                                 valid_utf8_to_uvchr(ST.c1_utf8, NULL),
                                 valid_utf8_to_uvchr(ST.c2_utf8, NULL))
@@ -7544,9 +7795,8 @@ NULL
                 else if (nextchr != ST.c1 && nextchr != ST.c2) {
                     /* simulate B failing */
                     DEBUG_OPTIMISE_r(
-                        PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
-                            "%*s  CURLYM Fast bail next target=0x%X c1=0x%X c2=0x%X\n",
-                            (int)(REPORT_CODE_OFF+(depth*2)),"",
+                        Perl_re_exec_indentf( aTHX_  "CURLYM Fast bail next target=0x%X c1=0x%X c2=0x%X\n",
+                            depth,
                             (int) nextchr, ST.c1, ST.c2)
                     );
                     state_num = CURLYM_B_fail;
@@ -7567,8 +7817,8 @@ NULL
                }
                else
                    rex->offs[paren].end = -1;
-               if (cur_eval && cur_eval->u.eval.close_paren &&
-                   cur_eval->u.eval.close_paren == (U32)ST.me->flags) 
+
+                if (EVAL_CLOSE_PAREN_IS_TRUE(cur_eval,(U32)ST.me->flags))
                {
                    if (ST.count) 
                        goto fake_end;
@@ -7637,8 +7887,8 @@ NULL
                maxopenparen = ST.paren;
            ST.min = ARG1(scan);  /* min to match */
            ST.max = ARG2(scan);  /* max to match */
-           if (cur_eval && cur_eval->u.eval.close_paren &&
-               cur_eval->u.eval.close_paren == (U32)ST.paren) {
+            if (EVAL_CLOSE_PAREN_IS_TRUE(cur_eval,(U32)ST.paren))
+            {
                ST.min=1;
                ST.max=1;
            }
@@ -7825,10 +8075,8 @@ NULL
                     assert(n == REG_INFTY || locinput == li);
                }
                CURLY_SETPAREN(ST.paren, ST.count);
-               if (cur_eval && cur_eval->u.eval.close_paren && 
-                   cur_eval->u.eval.close_paren == (U32)ST.paren) {
+                if (EVAL_CLOSE_PAREN_IS_TRUE(cur_eval,(U32)ST.paren))
                    goto fake_end;
-               }
                PUSH_STATE_GOTO(CURLY_B_min_known, ST.B, locinput);
            }
            NOT_REACHED; /* NOTREACHED */
@@ -7855,10 +8103,8 @@ NULL
                {
                  curly_try_B_min:
                    CURLY_SETPAREN(ST.paren, ST.count);
-                   if (cur_eval && cur_eval->u.eval.close_paren &&
-                       cur_eval->u.eval.close_paren == (U32)ST.paren) {
+                    if (EVAL_CLOSE_PAREN_IS_TRUE(cur_eval,(U32)ST.paren))
                         goto fake_end;
-                    }
                    PUSH_STATE_GOTO(CURLY_B_min, ST.B, locinput);
                }
            }
@@ -7867,10 +8113,8 @@ NULL
 
           curly_try_B_max:
            /* a successful greedy match: now try to match B */
-            if (cur_eval && cur_eval->u.eval.close_paren &&
-                cur_eval->u.eval.close_paren == (U32)ST.paren) {
+            if (EVAL_CLOSE_PAREN_IS_TRUE(cur_eval,(U32)ST.paren))
                 goto fake_end;
-            }
            {
                bool could_match = locinput < reginfo->strend;
 
@@ -7917,40 +8161,44 @@ NULL
           fake_end:
            if (cur_eval) {
                /* we've just finished A in /(??{A})B/; now continue with B */
-
+                SET_RECURSE_LOCINPUT("FAKE-END[before]", CUR_EVAL.prev_recurse_locinput);
                st->u.eval.prev_rex = rex_sv;           /* inner */
 
                 /* Save *all* the positions. */
                st->u.eval.cp = regcppush(rex, 0, maxopenparen);
-               rex_sv = cur_eval->u.eval.prev_rex;
+                rex_sv = CUR_EVAL.prev_rex;
                is_utf8_pat = reginfo->is_utf8_pat = cBOOL(RX_UTF8(rex_sv));
                SET_reg_curpm(rex_sv);
                rex = ReANY(rex_sv);
                rexi = RXi_GET(rex);
-               cur_curlyx = cur_eval->u.eval.prev_curlyx;
+
+                st->u.eval.prev_curlyx = cur_curlyx;
+                cur_curlyx = CUR_EVAL.prev_curlyx;
 
                REGCP_SET(st->u.eval.lastcp);
 
                /* Restore parens of the outer rex without popping the
                 * savestack */
-               S_regcp_restore(aTHX_ rex, cur_eval->u.eval.lastcp,
+                S_regcp_restore(aTHX_ rex, CUR_EVAL.lastcp,
                                         &maxopenparen);
 
                st->u.eval.prev_eval = cur_eval;
-               cur_eval = cur_eval->u.eval.prev_eval;
+                cur_eval = CUR_EVAL.prev_eval;
                DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(
-                   PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "%*s  EVAL trying tail ... %"UVxf"\n",
-                                     REPORT_CODE_OFF+depth*2, "",PTR2UV(cur_eval)););
+                    Perl_re_exec_indentf( aTHX_  "EVAL trying tail ... (cur_eval=%p)\n",
+                                      depth, cur_eval););
                 if ( nochange_depth )
                    nochange_depth--;
 
+                SET_RECURSE_LOCINPUT("FAKE-END[after]", cur_eval->locinput);
+
                 PUSH_YES_STATE_GOTO(EVAL_AB, st->u.eval.prev_eval->u.eval.B,
                                     locinput); /* match B */
            }
 
            if (locinput < reginfo->till) {
-               DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
-                                     "%sMatch possible, but length=%ld is smaller than requested=%ld, failing!%s\n",
+                DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_
+                                      "%sMatch possible, but length=%ld is smaller than requested=%ld, failing!%s\n",
                                      PL_colors[4],
                                      (long)(locinput - startpos),
                                      (long)(reginfo->till - startpos),
@@ -7962,9 +8210,8 @@ NULL
 
        case SUCCEED: /* successful SUSPEND/UNLESSM/IFMATCH/CURLYM */
            DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(
-           PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
-               "%*s  %ssubpattern success...%s\n",
-               REPORT_CODE_OFF+depth*2, "", PL_colors[4], PL_colors[5]));
+            Perl_re_exec_indentf( aTHX_  "%ssubpattern success...%s\n",
+                depth, PL_colors[4], PL_colors[5]));
            sayYES;                     /* Success! */
 
 #undef  ST
@@ -8098,9 +8345,8 @@ NULL
                 sv_commit = ST.mark_name;
 
                 DEBUG_EXECUTE_r({
-                        PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
-                           "%*s  %ssetting cutpoint to mark:%"SVf"...%s\n",
-                           REPORT_CODE_OFF+depth*2, "", 
+                        Perl_re_exec_indentf( aTHX_  "%ssetting cutpoint to mark:%"SVf"...%s\n",
+                            depth,
                            PL_colors[4], SVfARG(sv_commit), PL_colors[5]);
                });
             }
@@ -8204,13 +8450,13 @@ NULL
                regmatch_state *curyes = yes_state;
                int curd = depth;
                regmatch_slab *slab = PL_regmatch_slab;
-                for (;curd > -1;cur--,curd--) {
+                for (;curd > -1 && (depth-curd < 3);cur--,curd--) {
                     if (cur < SLAB_FIRST(slab)) {
                        slab = slab->prev;
                        cur = SLAB_LAST(slab);
                     }
-                    PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "%*s#%-3d %-10s %s\n",
-                        REPORT_CODE_OFF + 2 + depth * 2,"",
+                    Perl_re_exec_indentf( aTHX_ "#%-3d %-10s %s\n",
+                        depth,
                         curd, PL_reg_name[cur->resume_state],
                         (curyes == cur) ? "yes" : ""
                     );
@@ -8233,14 +8479,15 @@ NULL
             /* NOTREACHED */
        }
     }
+#ifdef SOLARIS_BAD_OPTIMIZER
+#  undef PL_charclass
+#endif
 
     /*
     * We get here only if there's trouble -- normally "case END" is
     * the terminating point.
     */
     Perl_croak(aTHX_ "corrupted regexp pointers");
-    /* NOTREACHED */
-    sayNO;
     NOT_REACHED; /* NOTREACHED */
 
   yes:
@@ -8285,7 +8532,7 @@ NULL
        goto reenter_switch;
     }
 
-    DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "%sMatch successful!%s\n",
+    DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(Perl_re_printf( aTHX_  "%sMatch successful!%s\n",
                          PL_colors[4], PL_colors[5]));
 
     if (reginfo->info_aux_eval) {
@@ -8306,9 +8553,8 @@ NULL
 
   no:
     DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(
-       PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
-            "%*s  %sfailed...%s\n",
-            REPORT_CODE_OFF+depth*2, "", 
+        Perl_re_exec_indentf( aTHX_  "%sfailed...%s\n",
+            depth,
             PL_colors[4], PL_colors[5])
        );
 
@@ -8336,6 +8582,7 @@ NULL
            yes_state = st->u.yes.prev_yes_state;
 
        state_num = st->resume_state + 1; /* failure = success + 1 */
+        PERL_ASYNC_CHECK();
        goto reenter_switch;
     }
     result = 0;
@@ -8894,9 +9141,8 @@ S_regrepeat(pTHX_ regexp *prog, char **startposp, const regnode *p,
        DEBUG_EXECUTE_r({
            SV * const prop = sv_newmortal();
             regprop(prog, prop, p, reginfo, NULL);
-           PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
-                       "%*s  %s can match %"IVdf" times out of %"IVdf"...\n",
-                       REPORT_CODE_OFF + depth*2, "", SvPVX_const(prop),(IV)c,(IV)max);
+            Perl_re_exec_indentf( aTHX_  "%s can match %"IVdf" times out of %"IVdf"...\n",
+                        depth, SvPVX_const(prop),(IV)c,(IV)max);
        });
     });
 
@@ -9173,7 +9419,7 @@ S_reghop4(U8 *s, SSize_t off, const U8* llim, const U8* rlim)
  * char pos */
 
 STATIC U8 *
-S_reghopmaybe3(U8* s, SSize_t off, const U8* lim)
+S_reghopmaybe3(U8* s, SSize_t off, const U8* const lim)
 {
     PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_REGHOPMAYBE3;