to be an object method (see L<perlsub/"Subroutine Attributes"> or
L<attributes>).
+=item Ambiguous range in transliteration operator
+
+(F) You wrote something like C<tr/a-z-0//> which doesn't mean anything at
+all. To include a C<-> character in a transliteration, put it either
+first or last. (In the past, C<tr/a-z-0//> was synonymous with
+C<tr/a-y//>, which was probably not what you would have expected.)
+
=item Ambiguous use of %s resolved as %s
(W ambiguous)(S) You said something that may not be interpreted the way
must either both be scalars or both be lists. Otherwise Perl won't
know which context to supply to the right side.
+=item Negative offset to vec in lvalue context
+
+(F) When vec is called in an lvalue context, the second argument must be
+greater than or equal to zero.
+
+=item Attempt to bless into a reference
+
+(F) The CLASSNAME argument to the bless() operator is expected to be
+the name of the package to bless the resulting object into. You've
+supplied instead a reference to something: perhaps you wrote
+
+ bless $self, $proto;
+
+when you intended
+
+ bless $self, ref($proto) || $proto;
+
+If you actually want to bless into the stringified version
+of the reference supplied, you need to stringify it yourself, for
+example by:
+
+ bless $self, "$proto";
+
=item Attempt to free non-arena SV: 0x%lx
(P internal) All SV objects are supposed to be allocated from arenas
(S malloc) An internal routine called free() on something that had never
been malloc()ed in the first place. Mandatory, but can be disabled by
-setting environment variable C<PERL_BADFREE> to 1.
+setting environment variable C<PERL_BADFREE> to 0.
-This message can be quite often seen with DB_File on systems with "hard"
+This message can be seen quite often with DB_File on systems with "hard"
dynamic linking, like C<AIX> and C<OS/2>. It is a bug of C<Berkeley DB>
which is left unnoticed if C<DB> uses I<forgiving> system malloc().
=item Bizarre copy of %s in %s
(P) Perl detected an attempt to copy an internal value that is not
-copiable.
+copyable.
=item B<-P> not allowed for setuid/setgid script
(F) Only hard references may be blessed. This is how Perl "enforces"
encapsulation of objects. See L<perlobj>.
-=item Can't break at that line
-
-(S internal) A warning intended to only be printed while running within
-the debugger, indicating the line number specified wasn't the location
-of a statement that could be stopped at.
-
=item Can't call method "%s" in empty package "%s"
(F) You called a method correctly, and it correctly indicated a package
characters and Perl was unable to create a unique filename during
inplace editing with the B<-i> switch. The file was ignored.
-=item Can't do {n,m} with n > m
+=item Can't do {n,m} with n > m before << HERE in regex m/%s/
-(F) Minima must be less than or equal to maxima. If you really want
-your regexp to match something 0 times, just put {0}. See L<perlre>.
+(F) Minima must be less than or equal to maxima. If you really want your
+regexp to match something 0 times, just put {0}. The << HERE shows in the
+regular expression about where the problem was discovered. See L<perlre>.
=item Can't do setegid!
functioning as a class, but that package doesn't define that particular
method, nor does any of its base classes. See L<perlobj>.
+=item (perhaps you forgot to load "%s"?)
+
+(F) This is an educated guess made in conjunction with the message
+"Can't locate object method \"%s\" via package \"%s\"". It often means
+that a method requires a package that has not been loaded.
+
=item Can't locate package %s for @%s::ISA
(W syntax) The @ISA array contained the name of another package that
with an assignment operator, which implies modifying the value itself.
Perhaps you need to copy the value to a temporary, and repeat that.
-=item Character class syntax [%s] belongs inside character classes
-
-(W unsafe) The character class constructs [: :], [= =], and [. .] go
-I<inside> character classes, the [] are part of the construct, for
-example: /[012[:alpha:]345]/. Note that [= =] and [. .] are not
-currently implemented; they are simply placeholders for future
-extensions.
-
-=item Character class syntax [. .] is reserved for future extensions
-
-(W regexp) Within regular expression character classes ([]) the syntax
-beginning with "[." and ending with ".]" is reserved for future
-extensions. If you need to represent those character sequences inside a
-regular expression character class, just quote the square brackets with
-the backslash: "\[." and ".\]".
-
-=item Character class syntax [= =] is reserved for future extensions
-
-(W regexp) Within regular expression character classes ([]) the syntax
-beginning with "[=" and ending with "=]" is reserved for future
-extensions. If you need to represent those character sequences inside a
-regular expression character class, just quote the square brackets with
-the backslash: "\[=" and "=\]".
-
-=item Character class [:%s:] unknown
-
-(F) The class in the character class [: :] syntax is unknown. See
-L<perlre>.
-
=item chmod() mode argument is missing initial 0
(W chmod) A novice will sometimes say
equivalent to 01411. Octal constants are introduced with a leading 0 in
Perl, as in C.
-=item Close on unopened file <%s>
+=item close() on unopened filehandle %s
(W unopened) You tried to close a filehandle that was never opened.
recursion and are not subject to a limit.) Try shortening the string
under examination; looping in Perl code (e.g. with C<while>) rather than
in the regular expression engine; or rewriting the regular expression so
-that it is simpler or backtracks less. (See L<perlbook> for information
+that it is simpler or backtracks less. (See L<perlfaq2> for information
on I<Mastering Regular Expressions>.)
=item connect() on closed socket %s
(F) Your machine apparently doesn't implement fcntl(). What is this, a
PDP-11 or something?
-=item Filehandle %s never opened
-
-(W unopened) An I/O operation was attempted on a filehandle that was
-never initialized. You need to do an open() or a socket() call, or call
-a constructor from the FileHandle package.
-
=item Filehandle %s opened only for input
(W io) You tried to write on a read-only filehandle. If you intended it
filehandles. Are you attempting to call flock() on a dirhandle by the
same name?
-=item ?+* follows nothing in regexp
+=item Quantifier follows nothing before << HERE in regex m/%s/
-(F) You started a regular expression with a quantifier. Backslash it if
-you meant it literally. See L<perlre>.
+(F) You started a regular expression with a quantifier. Backslash it if you
+meant it literally. The << HERE shows in the regular expression about where the
+problem was discovered. See L<perlre>.
=item Format not terminated
potentially supplied) by the user. The script must set the path to a
known value, using trustworthy data. See L<perlsec>.
-=item In string, @%s now must be written as \@%s
-
-(F) It used to be that Perl would try to guess whether you wanted an
-array interpolated or a literal @. It did this when the string was
-first used at runtime. Now strings are parsed at compile time, and
-ambiguous instances of @ must be disambiguated, either by prepending a
-backslash to indicate a literal, or by declaring (or using) the array
-within the program before the string (lexically). (Someday it will
-simply assume that an unbackslashed @ interpolates an array.)
-
=item Integer overflow in %s number
(W overflow) The hexadecimal, octal or binary number you have specified
internally--subject to loss of precision errors in subsequent
operations.
-=item internal disaster in regexp
+=item Internal disaster before << HERE in regex m/%s/
(P) Something went badly wrong in the regular expression parser.
+The << HERE shows in the regular expression about where the problem was
+discovered.
+
=item Internal inconsistency in tracking vforks
Perl is making a guess and treating this C<exec> as a request to
terminate the Perl script and execute the specified command.
-=item internal urp in regexp at /%s/
+=item Internal urp before << HERE in regex m/%s/
+
+(P) Something went badly awry in the regular expression parser. The <<<HERE
+shows in the regular expression about where the problem was discovered.
-(P) Something went badly awry in the regular expression parser.
=item %s (...) interpreted as function
(F) The range specified in a character class had a minimum character
greater than the maximum character. See L<perlre>.
+=item invalid [] range "%s" in transliteration operator
+
+(F) The range specified in the tr/// or y/// operator had a minimum
+character greater than the maximum character. See L<perlop>.
+
=item Invalid separator character %s in attribute list
(F) Something other than a colon or whitespace was seen between the
to check the return value of your socket() call? See
L<perlfunc/listen>.
+=item lstat() on filehandle %s
+
+(W io) You tried to do a lstat on a filehandle. What did you mean
+by that? lstat() makes sense only on filenames. (Perl did a fstat()
+instead on the filehandle.)
+
=item Lvalue subs returning %s not implemented yet
(F) Due to limitations in the current implementation, array and hash
values cannot be returned in subroutines used in lvalue context. See
L<perlsub/"Lvalue subroutines">.
+=item Lookbehind longer than %d not implemented before << HERE in reges m/%s/
+
+(F) There is currently a limit on the length of string which lookbehind can
+handle. This restriction may be eased in a future release. The << HERE shows in
+the regular expression about where the problem was discovered.
+
=item Malformed PERLLIB_PREFIX
(F) An error peculiar to OS/2. PERLLIB_PREFIX should be of the form
appear if components are not found, or are too long. See
"PERLLIB_PREFIX" in L<perlos2>.
+=item Malformed UTF-16 surrogate
+
+Perl thought it was reading UTF-16 encoded character data but while
+doing it Perl met a malformed Unicode surrogate.
+
=item %s matches null string many times
(W regexp) The pattern you've specified would be an infinite loop if the
Another way is to assign to a substr() that's off the end of the string.
+Yet another way is to assign to a C<foreach> loop I<VAR> when I<VAR>
+is aliased to a constant in the look I<LIST>:
+
+ $x = 1;
+ foreach my $n ($x, 2) {
+ $n *= 2; # modifies the $x, but fails on attempt to modify the 2
+ }
+
=item Modification of non-creatable array value attempted, %s
(F) You tried to make an array value spring into existence, and the
(F) You tried to do a read/write/send/recv operation with a buffer
length that is less than 0. This is difficult to imagine.
-=item nested *?+ in regexp
+=item Nested quantifiers before << HERE in regex m/%s/
-(F) You can't quantify a quantifier without intervening parentheses. So
-things like ** or +* or ?* are illegal.
+(F) You can't quantify a quantifier without intervening parentheses. So
+things like ** or +* or ?* are illegal. The << HERE shows in the regular
+expression about where the problem was discovered.
Note, however, that the minimal matching quantifiers, C<*?>, C<+?>, and
C<??> appear to be nested quantifiers, but aren't. See L<perlre>.
+
=item %s never introduced
(S internal) The symbol in question was declared but somehow went out of
exception to this is that C<sysread()>ing past the buffer will extend
the buffer and zero pad the new area.
+=item -%s on unopened filehandle %s
+
+(W unopened) You tried to invoke a file test operator on a filehandle
+that isn't open. Check your logic. See also L<perlfunc/-X>.
+
+=item %s() on unopened %s %s
+
+(W unopened) An I/O operation was attempted on a filehandle that was
+never initialized. You need to do an open(), a sysopen(), or a socket()
+call, or call a constructor from the FileHandle package.
+
=item oops: oopsAV
(S internal) An internal warning that the grammar is screwed up.
(P) The lexer got into a bad state while processing a case modifier.
+=item panic: utf16_to_utf8: odd bytelen
+
+(P) Something tried to call utf16_to_utf8 with an odd (as opposed
+to even) byte length.
+
=item Parentheses missing around "%s" list
(W parenthesis) You said something like
process which isn't a subprocess of the current process. While this is
fine from VMS' perspective, it's probably not what you intended.
+=item POSIX syntax [%s] belongs inside character classes
+
+(W unsafe) The character class constructs [: :], [= =], and [. .] go
+I<inside> character classes, the [] are part of the construct, for
+example: /[012[:alpha:]345]/. Note that [= =] and [. .] are not
+currently implemented; they are simply placeholders for future
+extensions and will cause fatal errors.
+
+=item POSIX syntax [. .] is reserved for future extensions
+
+(F regexp) Within regular expression character classes ([]) the syntax
+beginning with "[." and ending with ".]" is reserved for future
+extensions. If you need to represent those character sequences inside
+a regular expression character class, just quote the square brackets
+with the backslash: "\[." and ".\]".
+
+=item POSIX syntax [= =] is reserved for future extensions
+
+(F) Within regular expression character classes ([]) the syntax
+beginning with "[=" and ending with "=]" is reserved for future
+extensions. If you need to represent those character sequences inside
+a regular expression character class, just quote the square brackets
+with the backslash: "\[=" and "=\]".
+
+=item POSIX class [:%s:] unknown
+
+(F) The class in the character class [: :] syntax is unknown. See
+L<perlre>.
+
=item POSIX getpgrp can't take an argument
(F) Your system has POSIX getpgrp(), which takes no argument, unlike
(S unsafe) The subroutine being declared or defined had previously been
declared or defined with a different function prototype.
+=item Quantifier in {,} bigger than %d before << HERE in regex m/%s/
+
+(F) There is currently a limit to the size of the min and max values of the
+{min,max} construct. The << HERE shows in the regular expression about where
+the problem was discovered. See L<perlre>.
+
+=item Quantifier unexpected on zero-length expression before << HERE in regex m/%s/
+
+(W regexp) You applied a regular expression quantifier in a place where
+it makes no sense, such as on a zero-width assertion. Try putting the
+quantifier inside the assertion instead. For example, the way to match
+"abc" provided that it is followed by three repetitions of "xyz" is
+C</abc(?=(?:xyz){3})/>, not C</abc(?=xyz){3}/>.
+
=item Range iterator outside integer range
(F) One (or both) of the numeric arguments to the range operator ".."
(W internal) The internal sv_replace() function was handed a new SV with
a reference count of other than 1.
+=item Reference to nonexistant group before << HERE in regex m/%s/
+
+(F) You used something like C<\7> in your regular expression, but there are
+not at least seven sets of capturing parentheses in the expression. If you
+wanted to have the character with value 7 inserted into the regular expression,
+prepend a zero to make the number at least two digits: C<\07>
+
+The << HERE shows in the regular expression about where the problem was
+discovered.
+
=item regexp memory corruption
(P) The regular expression engine got confused by what the regular
expression compiler gave it.
-=item regexp *+ operand could be empty
-
-(F) The part of the regexp subject to either the * or + quantifier could
-match an empty string.
-
-=item regexp out of space
+=item Regexp out of space
(P) A "can't happen" error, because safemalloc() should have caught it
earlier.
construct. Remember that bracketing delimiters count nesting level.
Missing the leading C<$> from a variable C<$m> may cause this error.
-=item %sseek() on unopened file
+=item %sseek() on unopened filehandle
(W unopened) You tried to use the seek() or sysseek() function on a
filehandle that was either never opened or has since been closed.
(W closed) The socket you're sending to got itself closed sometime
before now. Check your logic flow.
-=item Sequence (? incomplete
+=item Sequence (? incomplete before << HERE mark in regex m/%s/
-(F) A regular expression ended with an incomplete extension (?. See
+(F) A regular expression ended with an incomplete extension (?. The <<<HERE
+shows in the regular expression about where the problem was discovered. See
L<perlre>.
-=item Sequence (?%s...) not implemented
+=item Sequence (?{...}) not terminated or not {}-balanced in regex m/%s/
+
+(F) If the contents of a (?{...}) clause contains braces, they must balance
+for Perl to properly detect the end of the clause. See L<perlre>.
+
+=item Sequence (?%s...) not implemented before << HERE mark in regex m/%s/
-(F) A proposed regular expression extension has the character reserved
-but has not yet been written. See L<perlre>.
+(F) A proposed regular expression extension has the character reserved but
+has not yet been written. The << HERE shows in the regular expression about
+where the problem was discovered. See L<perlre>.
-=item Sequence (?%s...) not recognized
+=item Sequence (?%s...) not recognized before << HERE mark in regex m/%s/
(F) You used a regular expression extension that doesn't make sense.
+The << HERE shows in the regular expression about
+where the problem was discovered.
See L<perlre>.
-=item Sequence (?#... not terminated
+=item Sequence (?#... not terminated in regex m/%s/
(F) A regular expression comment must be terminated by a closing
parenthesis. Embedded parentheses aren't allowed. See L<perlre>.
instead, which does return. To suppress this warning, put the exec() in
a block by itself.
-=item Stat on unopened file <%s>
+=item stat() on unopened filehandle %s
-(W unopened) You tried to use the stat() function (or an equivalent file
-test) on a filehandle that was either never opened or has since been
-closed.
-
-=item Strange *+?{} on zero-length expression
-
-(W regexp) You applied a regular expression quantifier in a place where
-it makes no sense, such as on a zero-width assertion. Try putting the
-quantifier inside the assertion instead. For example, the way to match
-"abc" provided that it is followed by three repetitions of "xyz" is
-C</abc(?=(?:xyz){3})/>, not C</abc(?=xyz){3}/>.
+(W unopened) You tried to use the stat() function on a filehandle that
+was either never opened or has since been closed.
=item Stub found while resolving method `%s' overloading %s
(F) Your Perl was compiled with B<-D>SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW, but
a version of the setuid emulator somehow got run anyway.
+=item Switch (?(condition)... contains too many branches before << HERE in regex m/%s/
+
+(F) A (?(condition)if-clause|else-clause) construct can have at most two
+branches (the if-clause and the else-clause). If you want one or both to
+contain alternation, such as using C<this|that|other>, enclose it in
+clustering parentheses:
+
+ (?(condition)(?:this|that|other)|else-clause)
+
+The << HERE shows in the regular expression about where the problem was
+discovered. See L<perlre>.
+
+=item Switch condition not recognized before << HERE in regex m/%s/
+
+(F) If the argument to the (?(...)if-clause|else-clause) construct is a
+number, it can be only a number. The << HERE shows in the regular expression
+about where the problem was discovered. See L<perlre>.
+
=item switching effective %s is not implemented
(F) While under the C<use filetest> pragma, we cannot switch the real
(F) You tried to use C<goto> to reach a label that was too deeply nested
for Perl to reach. Perl is doing you a favor by refusing.
-=item tell() on unopened file
+=item tell() on unopened filehandle
(W unopened) You tried to use the tell() function on a filehandle that
was either never opened or has since been closed.
-=item Test on unopened file <%s>
-
-(W unopened) You tried to invoke a file test operator on a filehandle
-that isn't open. Check your logic. See also L<perlfunc/-X>.
-
=item That use of $[ is unsupported
(F) Assignment to C<$[> is now strictly circumscribed, and interpreted
(F) The unexec() routine failed for some reason. See your local FSF
representative, who probably put it there in the first place.
+
=item Unknown BYTEORDER
(F) There are no byte-swapping functions for a machine with this byte
order.
+=item Unknown switch condition (?(%.2s before << HERE in regex m/%s/
+
+(F) The condition of a (?(condition)if-clause|else-clause) construct is not
+known. The condition may be lookaround (the condition is true if the
+lookaround is true), a (?{...}) construct (the condition is true if the
+code evaluates to a true value), or a number (the condition is true if the
+set of capturing parentheses named by the number is defined).
+
+The << HERE shows in the regular expression about where the problem was
+discovered. See L<perlre>.
+
=item Unknown open() mode '%s'
(F) The second argument of 3-argument open() is not among the list
data Perl expected. Someone's very confused, or perhaps trying to
subvert Perl's population of %ENV for nefarious purposes.
-=item unmatched [] in regexp
+=item unmatched [ before << HERE mark in regex m/%s/
-(F) The brackets around a character class must match. If you wish to
+(F) The brackets around a character class must match. If you wish to
include a closing bracket in a character class, backslash it or put it
-first. See L<perlre>.
+first. See L<perlre>. The << HERE shows in the regular expression about
+where the escape was discovered.
-=item unmatched () in regexp
+=item unmatched ( in regexp before << HERE mark in regex m/%s/
(F) Unbackslashed parentheses must always be balanced in regular
expressions. If you're a vi user, the % key is valuable for finding the
recognized by Perl inside character classes. The character was
understood literally.
-=item /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c passed through
+=item Unrecognized escape \\%c passed through before << HERE in m/%s/
(W regexp) You used a backslash-character combination which is not
-recognized by Perl. This combination appears in an interpolated
-variable or a C<'>-delimited regular expression. The character was
-understood literally.
+recognized by Perl. This combination appears in an interpolated variable or
+a C<'>-delimited regular expression. The character was understood
+literally. The << HERE shows in the regular expression about where the escape
+was discovered.
+
=item Unrecognized escape \\%c passed through
character was not found. You may need to add (or remove) a backslash
character to get your parentheses to balance. See L<attributes>.
+=item Unterminated compressed integer
+
+(F) An argument to unpack("w",...) was incompatible with the BER
+compressed integer format and could not be converted to an integer.
+See L<perlfunc/pack>.
+
=item Unterminated <> operator
(F) The lexer saw a left angle bracket in a place where it was expecting
reference variables in outer subroutines are called or referenced, they
are automatically rebound to the current values of such variables.
+=item Variable length lookbehind not implemented before << HERE in regex m/%s/
+
+(F) Lookbehind is allowed only for subexpressions whose length is fixed and
+known at compile time. The << HERE shows in the regular expression about where
+the problem was discovered.
+
=item Version number must be a constant number
(P) The attempt to translate a C<use Module n.n LIST> statement into
https://perl5.git.perl.org / perl5.git / blobdiff