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perl 5.002gamma: hints/solaris_2.sh
[perl5.git] / toke.c
diff --git a/toke.c b/toke.c
index 6c582a5..d24eee9 100644 (file)
--- a/toke.c
+++ b/toke.c
@@ -1,98 +1,65 @@
-/* $RCSfile: toke.c,v $$Revision: 4.1 $$Date: 92/08/07 18:28:39 $
+/*    toke.c
  *
- *    Copyright (c) 1991, Larry Wall
+ *    Copyright (c) 1991-1994, Larry Wall
  *
  *    You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
  *    License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
  *
- * $Log:       toke.c,v $
- * Revision 4.1  92/08/07  18:28:39  lwall
- * 
- * Revision 4.0.1.7  92/06/11  21:16:30  lwall
- * patch34: expect incorrectly set to indicate start of program or block
- * 
- * Revision 4.0.1.6  92/06/08  16:03:49  lwall
- * patch20: an EXPR may now start with a bareword
- * patch20: print $fh EXPR can now expect term rather than operator in EXPR
- * patch20: added ... as variant on ..
- * patch20: new warning on spurious backslash
- * patch20: new warning on missing $ for foreach variable
- * patch20: "foo"x1024 now legal without space after x
- * patch20: new warning on print accidentally used as function
- * patch20: tr/stuff// wasn't working right
- * patch20: 2. now eats the dot
- * patch20: <@ARGV> now notices @ARGV
- * patch20: tr/// now lets you say \-
- * 
- * Revision 4.0.1.5  91/11/11  16:45:51  lwall
- * patch19: default arg for shift was wrong after first subroutine definition
- * 
- * Revision 4.0.1.4  91/11/05  19:02:48  lwall
- * patch11: \x and \c were subject to double interpretation in regexps
- * patch11: prepared for ctype implementations that don't define isascii()
- * patch11: nested list operators could miscount parens
- * patch11: once-thru blocks didn't display right in the debugger
- * patch11: sort eval "whatever" didn't work
- * patch11: underscore is now allowed within literal octal and hex numbers
- * 
- * Revision 4.0.1.3  91/06/10  01:32:26  lwall
- * patch10: m'$foo' now treats string as single quoted
- * patch10: certain pattern optimizations were botched
- * 
- * Revision 4.0.1.2  91/06/07  12:05:56  lwall
- * patch4: new copyright notice
- * patch4: debugger lost track of lines in eval
- * patch4: //o and s///o now optimize themselves fully at runtime
- * patch4: added global modifier for pattern matches
- * 
- * Revision 4.0.1.1  91/04/12  09:18:18  lwall
- * patch1: perl -de "print" wouldn't stop at the first statement
- * 
- * Revision 4.0  91/03/20  01:42:14  lwall
- * 4.0 baseline.
- * 
+ */
+
+/*
+ *   "It all comes from here, the stench and the peril."  --Frodo
  */
 
 #include "EXTERN.h"
 #include "perl.h"
-#include "perly.h"
 
-static void set_csh();
+static void check_uni _((void));
+static void  force_next _((I32 type));
+static char *force_word _((char *start, int token, int check_keyword, int allow_pack, int allow_tick));
+static SV *q _((SV *sv));
+static char *scan_const _((char *start));
+static char *scan_formline _((char *s));
+static char *scan_heredoc _((char *s));
+static char *scan_ident _((char *s, char *send, char *dest, I32 ck_uni));
+static char *scan_inputsymbol _((char *start));
+static char *scan_pat _((char *start));
+static char *scan_str _((char *start));
+static char *scan_subst _((char *start));
+static char *scan_trans _((char *start));
+static char *scan_word _((char *s, char *dest, int allow_package, STRLEN *slp));
+static char *skipspace _((char *s));
+static void checkcomma _((char *s, char *name, char *what));
+static void force_ident _((char *s, int kind));
+static void incline _((char *s));
+static int intuit_method _((char *s, GV *gv));
+static int intuit_more _((char *s));
+static I32 lop _((I32 f, expectation x, char *s));
+static void missingterm _((char *s));
+static void no_op _((char *what, char *s));
+static void set_csh _((void));
+static I32 sublex_done _((void));
+static I32 sublex_start _((void));
+#ifdef CRIPPLED_CC
+static int uni _((I32 f, char *s));
+#endif
+static char * filter_gets _((SV *sv, FILE *fp));
 
 /* The following are arranged oddly so that the guard on the switch statement
  * can get by with a single comparison (if the compiler is smart enough).
  */
 
-#define LEX_NORMAL             8
-#define LEX_INTERPNORMAL       7
-#define LEX_INTERPCASEMOD      6
-#define LEX_INTERPSTART                5
-#define LEX_INTERPEND          4
-#define LEX_INTERPENDMAYBE     3
-#define LEX_INTERPCONCAT       2
-#define LEX_INTERPCONST                1
+#define LEX_NORMAL             9
+#define LEX_INTERPNORMAL       8
+#define LEX_INTERPCASEMOD      7
+#define LEX_INTERPSTART                6
+#define LEX_INTERPEND          5
+#define LEX_INTERPENDMAYBE     4
+#define LEX_INTERPCONCAT       3
+#define LEX_INTERPCONST                2
+#define LEX_FORMLINE           1
 #define LEX_KNOWNEXT           0
 
-static U32             lex_state = LEX_NORMAL; /* next token is determined */
-static U32             lex_defer;      /* state after determined token */
-static expectation     lex_expect;     /* expect after determined token */
-static I32             lex_brackets;   /* bracket count */
-static I32             lex_fakebrack;  /* outer bracket is mere delimiter */
-static I32             lex_casemods;   /* casemod count */
-static I32             lex_dojoin;     /* doing an array interpolation */
-static I32             lex_starts;     /* how many interps done on level */
-static SV *            lex_stuff;      /* runtime pattern from m// or s/// */
-static SV *            lex_repl;       /* runtime replacement from s/// */
-static OP *            lex_op;         /* extra info to pass back on op */
-static I32             lex_inpat;      /* in pattern $) and $| are special */
-static I32             lex_inwhat;     /* what kind of quoting are we in */
-static char *          lex_brackstack; /* what kind of brackets to pop */
-
-/* What we know when we're in LEX_KNOWNEXT state. */
-static YYSTYPE nextval[5];     /* value of next token, if any */
-static I32     nexttype[5];    /* type of next token */
-static I32     nexttoke = 0;
-
 #ifdef I_FCNTL
 #include <fcntl.h>
 #endif
@@ -106,35 +73,29 @@ static I32 nexttoke = 0;
 
 #include "keywords.h"
 
-void checkcomma();
-
 #ifdef CLINE
 #undef CLINE
 #endif
 #define CLINE (copline = (curcop->cop_line < copline ? curcop->cop_line : copline))
 
-#ifdef atarist
-#define PERL_META(c) ((c) | 128)
-#else
-#define META(c) ((c) | 128)
-#endif
-
 #define TOKEN(retval) return (bufptr = s,(int)retval)
 #define OPERATOR(retval) return (expect = XTERM,bufptr = s,(int)retval)
+#define AOPERATOR(retval) return ao((expect = XTERM,bufptr = s,(int)retval))
 #define PREBLOCK(retval) return (expect = XBLOCK,bufptr = s,(int)retval)
+#define PRETERMBLOCK(retval) return (expect = XTERMBLOCK,bufptr = s,(int)retval)
 #define PREREF(retval) return (expect = XREF,bufptr = s,(int)retval)
 #define TERM(retval) return (CLINE, expect = XOPERATOR,bufptr = s,(int)retval)
 #define LOOPX(f) return(yylval.ival=f,expect = XTERM,bufptr = s,(int)LOOPEX)
 #define FTST(f) return(yylval.ival=f,expect = XTERM,bufptr = s,(int)UNIOP)
 #define FUN0(f) return(yylval.ival = f,expect = XOPERATOR,bufptr = s,(int)FUNC0)
 #define FUN1(f) return(yylval.ival = f,expect = XOPERATOR,bufptr = s,(int)FUNC1)
-#define BOop(f) return(yylval.ival=f,expect = XTERM,bufptr = s,(int)BITOROP)
-#define BAop(f) return(yylval.ival=f,expect = XTERM,bufptr = s,(int)BITANDOP)
-#define SHop(f) return(yylval.ival=f,expect = XTERM,bufptr = s,(int)SHIFTOP)
-#define PWop(f) return(yylval.ival=f,expect = XTERM,bufptr = s,(int)POWOP)
+#define BOop(f) return ao((yylval.ival=f,expect = XTERM,bufptr = s,(int)BITOROP))
+#define BAop(f) return ao((yylval.ival=f,expect = XTERM,bufptr = s,(int)BITANDOP))
+#define SHop(f) return ao((yylval.ival=f,expect = XTERM,bufptr = s,(int)SHIFTOP))
+#define PWop(f) return ao((yylval.ival=f,expect = XTERM,bufptr = s,(int)POWOP))
 #define PMop(f) return(yylval.ival=f,expect = XTERM,bufptr = s,(int)MATCHOP)
-#define Aop(f) return(yylval.ival=f,expect = XTERM,bufptr = s,(int)ADDOP)
-#define Mop(f) return(yylval.ival=f,expect = XTERM,bufptr = s,(int)MULOP)
+#define Aop(f) return ao((yylval.ival=f,expect = XTERM,bufptr = s,(int)ADDOP))
+#define Mop(f) return ao((yylval.ival=f,expect = XTERM,bufptr = s,(int)MULOP))
 #define Eop(f) return(yylval.ival=f,expect = XTERM,bufptr = s,(int)EQOP)
 #define Rop(f) return(yylval.ival=f,expect = XTERM,bufptr = s,(int)RELOP)
 
@@ -145,6 +106,7 @@ void checkcomma();
        expect = XTERM, \
        bufptr = s, \
        last_uni = oldbufptr, \
+       last_lop_op = f, \
        (*s == '(' || (s = skipspace(s), *s == '(') ? (int)FUNC1 : (int)UNIOP) )
 
 #define UNIBRACK(f) return(yylval.ival = f, \
@@ -152,31 +114,48 @@ void checkcomma();
        last_uni = oldbufptr, \
        (*s == '(' || (s = skipspace(s), *s == '(') ? (int)FUNC1 : (int)UNIOP) )
 
-/* This does similarly for list operators */
-#define LOP(f) return(yylval.ival = f, \
-       CLINE, \
-       expect = XREF, \
-       bufptr = s, \
-       last_lop = oldbufptr, \
-       last_lop_op = f, \
-       (*s == '(' || (s = skipspace(s), *s == '(') ? (int)FUNC : (int)LSTOP) )
-
 /* grandfather return to old style */
 #define OLDLOP(f) return(yylval.ival=f,expect = XTERM,bufptr = s,(int)LSTOP)
 
+static int
+ao(toketype)
+int toketype;
+{
+    if (*bufptr == '=') {
+       bufptr++;
+       if (toketype == ANDAND)
+           yylval.ival = OP_ANDASSIGN;
+       else if (toketype == OROR)
+           yylval.ival = OP_ORASSIGN;
+       toketype = ASSIGNOP;
+    }
+    return toketype;
+}
+
 static void
 no_op(what, s)
 char *what;
 char *s;
 {
     char tmpbuf[128];
-    char *oldbufptr = bufptr;
+    char *oldbp = bufptr;
+    bool is_first = (oldbufptr == SvPVX(linestr));
     bufptr = s;
     sprintf(tmpbuf, "%s found where operator expected", what);
     yywarn(tmpbuf);
-    if (bufptr == SvPVX(linestr))
-       warn("\t(Missing semicolon on previous line?)\n", what);
-    bufptr = oldbufptr;
+    if (is_first)
+       warn("\t(Missing semicolon on previous line?)\n");
+    else if (oldoldbufptr && isIDFIRST(*oldoldbufptr)) {
+       char *t;
+       for (t = oldoldbufptr; *t && (isALNUM(*t) || *t == ':'); t++) ;
+       if (t < bufptr && isSPACE(*t))
+           warn("\t(Do you need to predeclare %.*s?)\n",
+               t - oldoldbufptr, oldoldbufptr);
+
+    }
+    else
+       warn("\t(Missing operator before %.*s?)\n", s - oldbp, oldbp);
+    bufptr = oldbp;
 }
 
 static void
@@ -207,6 +186,20 @@ char *s;
 }
 
 void
+deprecate(s)
+char *s;
+{
+    if (dowarn)
+       warn("Use of %s is deprecated", s);
+}
+
+static void
+depcom()
+{
+    deprecate("comma-less variable list");
+}
+
+void
 lex_start(line)
 SV *line;
 {
@@ -219,15 +212,16 @@ SV *line;
     SAVEINT(lex_casemods);
     SAVEINT(lex_starts);
     SAVEINT(lex_state);
-    SAVEINT(lex_inpat);
+    SAVESPTR(lex_inpat);
     SAVEINT(lex_inwhat);
     SAVEINT(curcop->cop_line);
-    SAVESPTR(bufptr);
-    SAVESPTR(bufend);
-    SAVESPTR(oldbufptr);
-    SAVESPTR(oldoldbufptr);
+    SAVEPPTR(bufptr);
+    SAVEPPTR(bufend);
+    SAVEPPTR(oldbufptr);
+    SAVEPPTR(oldoldbufptr);
     SAVESPTR(linestr);
-    SAVESPTR(lex_brackstack);
+    SAVEPPTR(lex_brackstack);
+    SAVEPPTR(lex_casestack);
     SAVESPTR(rsfp);
 
     lex_state = LEX_NORMAL;
@@ -235,11 +229,12 @@ SV *line;
     expect = XSTATE;
     lex_brackets = 0;
     lex_fakebrack = 0;
-    if (lex_brackstack)
-       SAVESPTR(lex_brackstack);
     New(899, lex_brackstack, 120, char);
+    New(899, lex_casestack, 12, char);
     SAVEFREEPV(lex_brackstack);
+    SAVEFREEPV(lex_casestack);
     lex_casemods = 0;
+    *lex_casestack = '\0';
     lex_dojoin = 0;
     lex_starts = 0;
     if (lex_stuff)
@@ -255,17 +250,15 @@ SV *line;
        linestr = sv_2mortal(newSVsv(linestr));
     s = SvPV(linestr, len);
     if (len && s[len-1] != ';') {
-       if (!(SvFLAGS(linestr) & SVs_TEMP));
+       if (!(SvFLAGS(linestr) & SVs_TEMP))
            linestr = sv_2mortal(newSVsv(linestr));
        sv_catpvn(linestr, "\n;", 2);
     }
     SvTEMP_off(linestr);
     oldoldbufptr = oldbufptr = bufptr = SvPVX(linestr);
     bufend = bufptr + SvCUR(linestr);
-    rs = "\n";
-    rslen = 1;
-    rschar = '\n';
-    rspara = 0;
+    SvREFCNT_dec(rs);
+    rs = newSVpv("\n", 1);
     rsfp = 0;
 }
 
@@ -319,7 +312,7 @@ static char *
 skipspace(s)
 register char *s;
 {
-    if (in_format && lex_brackets <= 1) {
+    if (lex_formbrack && lex_brackets <= lex_formbrack) {
        while (s < bufend && (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t'))
            s++;
        return s;
@@ -333,13 +326,19 @@ register char *s;
            if (s < bufend)
                s++;
        }
-       if (s < bufend || !rsfp)
+       if (s < bufend || !rsfp || lex_state != LEX_NORMAL)
            return s;
-       if ((s = sv_gets(linestr, rsfp, 0)) == Nullch) {
-           sv_setpv(linestr,";");
+       if ((s = filter_gets(linestr, rsfp)) == Nullch) {
+           if (minus_n || minus_p) {
+               sv_setpv(linestr,minus_p ? ";}continue{print" : "");
+               sv_catpv(linestr,";}");
+               minus_n = minus_p = 0;
+           }
+           else
+               sv_setpv(linestr,";");
            oldoldbufptr = oldbufptr = bufptr = s = SvPVX(linestr);
-           bufend = s+1;
-           if (preprocess)
+           bufend = SvPVX(linestr) + SvCUR(linestr);
+           if (preprocess && !in_eval)
                (void)my_pclose(rsfp);
            else if ((FILE*)rsfp == stdin)
                clearerr(stdin);
@@ -350,6 +349,7 @@ register char *s;
        }
        oldoldbufptr = oldbufptr = bufptr = s;
        bufend = bufptr + SvCUR(linestr);
+       incline(s);
        if (perldb && curstash != debstash) {
            SV *sv = NEWSV(85,0);
 
@@ -357,7 +357,6 @@ register char *s;
            sv_setsv(sv,linestr);
            av_store(GvAV(curcop->cop_filegv),(I32)curcop->cop_line,sv);
        }
-       incline(s);
     }
 }
 
@@ -365,12 +364,15 @@ static void
 check_uni() {
     char *s;
     char ch;
+    char *t;
 
     if (oldoldbufptr != last_uni)
        return;
     while (isSPACE(*last_uni))
        last_uni++;
     for (s = last_uni; isALNUM(*s) || *s == '-'; s++) ;
+    if ((t = strchr(s, '(')) && t < bufptr)
+       return;
     ch = *s;
     *s = '\0';
     warn("Warning: Use of \"%s\" without parens is ambiguous", last_uni);
@@ -380,9 +382,7 @@ check_uni() {
 #ifdef CRIPPLED_CC
 
 #undef UNI
-#undef LOP
 #define UNI(f) return uni(f,s)
-#define LOP(f) return lop(f,s)
 
 static int
 uni(f,s)
@@ -393,6 +393,7 @@ char *s;
     expect = XTERM;
     bufptr = s;
     last_uni = oldbufptr;
+    last_lop_op = f;
     if (*s == '(')
        return FUNC1;
     s = skipspace(s);
@@ -402,17 +403,24 @@ char *s;
        return UNIOP;
 }
 
+#endif /* CRIPPLED_CC */
+
+#define LOP(f,x) return lop(f,x,s)
+
 static I32
-lop(f,s)
+lop(f,x,s)
 I32 f;
+expectation x;
 char *s;
 {
     yylval.ival = f;
     CLINE;
-    expect = XREF;
+    expect = x;
     bufptr = s;
     last_lop = oldbufptr;
     last_lop_op = f;
+    if (nexttoke)
+       return LSTOP;
     if (*s == '(')
        return FUNC;
     s = skipspace(s);
@@ -422,8 +430,6 @@ char *s;
        return LSTOP;
 }
 
-#endif /* CRIPPLED_CC */
-
 static void 
 force_next(type)
 I32 type;
@@ -438,10 +444,11 @@ I32 type;
 }
 
 static char *
-force_word(start,token,check_keyword,allow_tick)
+force_word(start,token,check_keyword,allow_pack,allow_tick)
 register char *start;
 int token;
 int check_keyword;
+int allow_pack;
 int allow_tick;
 {
     register char *s;
@@ -449,8 +456,11 @@ int allow_tick;
     
     start = skipspace(start);
     s = start;
-    if (isIDFIRST(*s) || (allow_tick && (*s == '\'' || *s == ':'))) {
-       s = scan_word(s, tokenbuf, allow_tick, &len);
+    if (isIDFIRST(*s) ||
+       (allow_pack && *s == ':') ||
+       (allow_tick && *s == '\'') )
+    {
+       s = scan_word(s, tokenbuf, allow_pack, &len);
        if (check_keyword && keyword(tokenbuf, len))
            return start;
        if (token == METHOD) {
@@ -471,12 +481,23 @@ int allow_tick;
 }
 
 static void
-force_ident(s)
+force_ident(s, kind)
 register char *s;
+int kind;
 {
     if (s && *s) {
-       nextval[nexttoke].opval = (OP*)newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSVpv(s,0));
+       OP* op = (OP*)newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSVpv(s,0));
+       nextval[nexttoke].opval = op;
        force_next(WORD);
+       if (kind) {
+           op->op_private = OPpCONST_ENTERED;
+           gv_fetchpv(s, TRUE,
+               kind == '$' ? SVt_PV :
+               kind == '@' ? SVt_PVAV :
+               kind == '%' ? SVt_PVHV :
+                             SVt_PVGV
+               );
+       }
     }
 }
 
@@ -487,23 +508,23 @@ SV *sv;
     register char *s;
     register char *send;
     register char *d;
-    register char delim;
     STRLEN len;
 
     if (!SvLEN(sv))
        return sv;
 
-    s = SvPV(sv, len);
+    s = SvPV_force(sv, len);
+    if (SvIVX(sv) == -1)
+       return sv;
     send = s + len;
     while (s < send && *s != '\\')
        s++;
     if (s == send)
        return sv;
     d = s;
-    delim = SvIVX(sv);
     while (s < send) {
        if (*s == '\\') {
-           if (s + 1 < send && (s[1] == '\\' || s[1] == delim))
+           if (s + 1 < send && (s[1] == '\\'))
                s++;            /* all that, just for this */
        }
        *d++ = *s++;
@@ -518,8 +539,6 @@ static I32
 sublex_start()
 {
     register I32 op_type = yylval.ival;
-    SV *sv;
-    STRLEN len;
 
     if (op_type == OP_NULL) {
        yylval.opval = lex_op;
@@ -539,14 +558,15 @@ sublex_start()
     SAVEINT(lex_casemods);
     SAVEINT(lex_starts);
     SAVEINT(lex_state);
-    SAVEINT(lex_inpat);
+    SAVESPTR(lex_inpat);
     SAVEINT(lex_inwhat);
     SAVEINT(curcop->cop_line);
-    SAVESPTR(bufptr);
-    SAVESPTR(oldbufptr);
-    SAVESPTR(oldoldbufptr);
+    SAVEPPTR(bufptr);
+    SAVEPPTR(oldbufptr);
+    SAVEPPTR(oldoldbufptr);
     SAVESPTR(linestr);
-    SAVESPTR(lex_brackstack);
+    SAVEPPTR(lex_brackstack);
+    SAVEPPTR(lex_casestack);
 
     linestr = lex_stuff;
     lex_stuff = Nullsv;
@@ -559,15 +579,18 @@ sublex_start()
     lex_brackets = 0;
     lex_fakebrack = 0;
     New(899, lex_brackstack, 120, char);
+    New(899, lex_casestack, 12, char);
     SAVEFREEPV(lex_brackstack);
+    SAVEFREEPV(lex_casestack);
     lex_casemods = 0;
+    *lex_casestack = '\0';
     lex_starts = 0;
     lex_state = LEX_INTERPCONCAT;
     curcop->cop_line = multi_start;
 
     lex_inwhat = op_type;
     if (op_type == OP_MATCH || op_type == OP_SUBST)
-       lex_inpat = op_type;
+       lex_inpat = lex_op;
     else
        lex_inpat = 0;
 
@@ -607,6 +630,7 @@ sublex_done()
        lex_brackets = 0;
        lex_fakebrack = 0;
        lex_casemods = 0;
+       *lex_casestack = '\0';
        lex_starts = 0;
        if (SvCOMPILED(lex_repl)) {
            lex_state = LEX_INTERPNORMAL;
@@ -634,12 +658,11 @@ char *start;
     SV *sv = NEWSV(93, send - start);
     register char *s = start;
     register char *d = SvPVX(sv);
-    char delim = SvIVX(linestr);
     bool dorange = FALSE;
     I32 len;
     char *leave =
        lex_inpat
-           ? "\\.^$@dDwWsSbB+*?|()-nrtfeaxc0123456789[{]}"
+           ? "\\.^$@AGZdDwWsSbB+*?|()-nrtfeaxc0123456789[{]} \t\n\r\f\v#"
            : (lex_inwhat & OP_TRANS)
                ? ""
                : "";
@@ -653,8 +676,8 @@ char *start;
                SvGROW(sv, SvLEN(sv) + 256);
                d = SvPVX(sv) + i;
                d -= 2;
-               max = d[1] & 0377;
-               for (i = (*d & 0377); i <= max; i++)
+               max = (U8)d[1];
+               for (i = (U8)*d; i <= max; i++)
                    *d++ = i;
                dorange = FALSE;
                continue;
@@ -664,32 +687,39 @@ char *start;
                s++;
            }
        }
-       else if (*s == '@')
+       else if (*s == '(' && lex_inpat && s[1] == '?' && s[2] == '#') {
+           while (s < send && *s != ')')
+               *d++ = *s++;
+       }
+       else if (*s == '#' && lex_inpat &&
+         ((PMOP*)lex_inpat)->op_pmflags & PMf_EXTENDED) {
+           while (s+1 < send && *s != '\n')
+               *d++ = *s++;
+       }
+       else if (*s == '@' && s[1] && (isALNUM(s[1]) || strchr(":'{$", s[1])))
            break;
        else if (*s == '$') {
            if (!lex_inpat)     /* not a regexp, so $ must be var */
                break;
-           if (s + 1 < send && s[1] != ')' && s[1] != '|')
+           if (s + 1 < send && !strchr(")| \n\t", s[1]))
                break;          /* in regexp, $ might be tail anchor */
        }
        if (*s == '\\' && s+1 < send) {
            s++;
-           if (*s == delim) {
-               *d++ = *s++;
-               continue;
-           }
            if (*s && strchr(leave, *s)) {
                *d++ = '\\';
                *d++ = *s++;
                continue;
            }
            if (lex_inwhat == OP_SUBST && !lex_inpat &&
-               isDIGIT(*s) && !isDIGIT(s[1]))
+               isDIGIT(*s) && *s != '0' && !isDIGIT(s[1]))
            {
+               if (dowarn)
+                   warn("\\%c better written as $%c", *s, *s);
                *--s = '$';
                break;
            }
-           if (lex_inwhat != OP_TRANS && *s && strchr("lLuUE", *s)) {
+           if (lex_inwhat != OP_TRANS && *s && strchr("lLuUEQ", *s)) {
                --s;
                break;
            }
@@ -716,7 +746,7 @@ char *start;
                s++;
                *d = *s++;
                if (isLOWER(*d))
-                   *d = toupper(*d);
+                   *d = toUPPER(*d);
                *d++ ^= 64;
                continue;
            case 'b':
@@ -828,7 +858,7 @@ register char *s;
                weight -= seen[un_char] * 10;
                if (isALNUM(s[1])) {
                    scan_ident(s,send,tmpbuf,FALSE);
-                   if (strlen(tmpbuf) > 1 && gv_fetchpv(tmpbuf,FALSE))
+                   if ((int)strlen(tmpbuf) > 1 && gv_fetchpv(tmpbuf,FALSE, SVt_PV))
                        weight -= 100;
                    else
                        weight -= 10;
@@ -891,7 +921,210 @@ register char *s;
     return TRUE;
 }
 
-static char* exp_name[] = { "OPERATOR", "TERM", "REF", "STATE", "BLOCK" };
+static int
+intuit_method(start,gv)
+char *start;
+GV *gv;
+{
+    char *s = start + (*start == '$');
+    char tmpbuf[1024];
+    STRLEN len;
+    GV* indirgv;
+
+    if (gv) {
+       if (GvIO(gv))
+           return 0;
+       if (!GvCV(gv))
+           gv = 0;
+    }
+    s = scan_word(s, tmpbuf, TRUE, &len);
+    if (*start == '$') {
+       if (gv || last_lop_op == OP_PRINT || isUPPER(*tokenbuf))
+           return 0;
+       s = skipspace(s);
+       bufptr = start;
+       expect = XREF;
+       return *s == '(' ? FUNCMETH : METHOD;
+    }
+    if (!keyword(tmpbuf, len)) {
+       indirgv = gv_fetchpv(tmpbuf,FALSE, SVt_PVCV);
+       if (indirgv && GvCV(indirgv))
+           return 0;
+       /* filehandle or package name makes it a method */
+       if (!gv || GvIO(indirgv) || gv_stashpv(tmpbuf, FALSE)) {
+           s = skipspace(s);
+           nextval[nexttoke].opval =
+               (OP*)newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0,
+                           newSVpv(tmpbuf,0));
+           nextval[nexttoke].opval->op_private =
+               OPpCONST_BARE;
+           expect = XTERM;
+           force_next(WORD);
+           bufptr = s;
+           return *s == '(' ? FUNCMETH : METHOD;
+       }
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static char*
+incl_perldb()
+{
+    if (perldb) {
+       char *pdb = getenv("PERL5DB");
+
+       if (pdb)
+           return pdb;
+       return "BEGIN { require 'perl5db.pl' }";
+    }
+    return "";
+}
+
+
+/* Encoded script support. filter_add() effectively inserts a
+ * 'pre-processing' function into the current source input stream. 
+ * Note that the filter function only applies to the current source file
+ * (e.g., it will not affect files 'require'd or 'use'd by this one).
+ *
+ * The datasv parameter (which may be NULL) can be used to pass
+ * private data to this instance of the filter. The filter function
+ * can recover the SV using the FILTER_DATA macro and use it to
+ * store private buffers and state information.
+ *
+ * The supplied datasv parameter is upgraded to a PVIO type
+ * and the IoDIRP field is used to store the function pointer.
+ * Note that IoTOP_NAME, IoFMT_NAME, IoBOTTOM_NAME, if set for
+ * private use must be set using malloc'd pointers.
+ */
+static int filter_debug = 0;
+
+SV *
+filter_add(funcp, datasv)
+    filter_t funcp;
+    SV *datasv;
+{
+    if (!funcp){ /* temporary handy debugging hack to be deleted */
+       filter_debug = atoi((char*)datasv);
+       return NULL;
+    }
+    if (!rsfp_filters)
+       rsfp_filters = newAV();
+    if (!datasv)
+       datasv = newSV(0);
+    if (!SvUPGRADE(datasv, SVt_PVIO))
+        die("Can't upgrade filter_add data to SVt_PVIO");
+    IoDIRP(datasv) = (DIR*)funcp; /* stash funcp into spare field */
+    if (filter_debug)
+       warn("filter_add func %lx (%s)", funcp, SvPV(datasv,na));
+    av_unshift(rsfp_filters, 1);
+    av_store(rsfp_filters, 0, datasv) ;
+    return(datasv);
+}
+
+/* Delete most recently added instance of this filter function.        */
+void
+filter_del(funcp)
+    filter_t funcp;
+{
+    if (filter_debug)
+       warn("filter_del func %lx", funcp);
+    if (!rsfp_filters || AvFILL(rsfp_filters)<0)
+       return;
+    /* if filter is on top of stack (usual case) just pop it off */
+    if (IoDIRP(FILTER_DATA(0)) == (void*)funcp){
+       /* sv_free(av_pop(rsfp_filters)); */
+       sv_free(av_shift(rsfp_filters));
+
+        return;
+    }
+    /* we need to search for the correct entry and clear it    */
+    die("filter_del can only delete in reverse order (currently)");
+}
+
+
+/* Invoke the n'th filter function for the current rsfp.        */
+I32
+filter_read(idx, buf_sv, maxlen)
+    int idx;
+    SV *buf_sv;
+    int maxlen;                /* 0 = read one text line */
+{
+    filter_t funcp;
+    SV *datasv = NULL;
+
+    if (!rsfp_filters)
+       return -1;
+    if (idx > AvFILL(rsfp_filters)){       /* Any more filters?        */
+       /* Provide a default input filter to make life easy.    */
+       /* Note that we append to the line. This is handy.      */
+       if (filter_debug)
+           warn("filter_read %d: from rsfp\n", idx);
+       if (maxlen) { 
+           /* Want a block */
+           int len ;
+           int old_len = SvCUR(buf_sv) ;
+
+           /* ensure buf_sv is large enough */
+           SvGROW(buf_sv, old_len + maxlen) ;
+           if ((len = fread(SvPVX(buf_sv) + old_len, 1, maxlen, rsfp)) <= 0){
+               if (ferror(rsfp))
+                   return -1;          /* error */
+               else
+                   return 0 ;          /* end of file */
+           }
+           SvCUR_set(buf_sv, old_len + len) ;
+       } else {
+           /* Want a line */
+            if (sv_gets(buf_sv, rsfp, SvCUR(buf_sv)) == NULL) {
+               if (ferror(rsfp))
+                   return -1;          /* error */
+               else
+                   return 0 ;          /* end of file */
+           }
+       }
+       return SvCUR(buf_sv);
+    }
+    /* Skip this filter slot if filter has been deleted        */
+    if ( (datasv = FILTER_DATA(idx)) == &sv_undef){
+       if (filter_debug)
+           warn("filter_read %d: skipped (filter deleted)\n", idx);
+       return FILTER_READ(idx+1, buf_sv, maxlen); /* recurse */
+    }
+    /* Get function pointer hidden within datasv       */
+    funcp = (filter_t)IoDIRP(datasv);
+    if (filter_debug)
+       warn("filter_read %d: via function %lx (%s)\n",
+               idx, funcp, SvPV(datasv,na));
+    /* Call function. The function is expected to      */
+    /* call "FILTER_READ(idx+1, buf_sv)" first.                */
+    /* Return: <0:error, =0:eof, >0:not eof            */
+    return (*funcp)(idx, buf_sv, maxlen);
+}
+
+static char *
+filter_gets(sv,fp)
+register SV *sv;
+register FILE *fp;
+{
+    if (rsfp_filters) {
+
+        SvCUR_set(sv, 0);      /* start with empty line        */
+        if (FILTER_READ(0, sv, 0) > 0)
+            return ( SvPVX(sv) ) ;
+        else
+           return Nullch ;
+    }
+    else 
+        return (sv_gets(sv, fp, 0)) ;
+    
+}
+
+
+#ifdef DEBUGGING
+    static char* exp_name[] =
+       { "OPERATOR", "TERM", "REF", "STATE", "BLOCK", "TERMBLOCK" };
+#endif
 
 extern int yychar;             /* last token */
 
@@ -916,6 +1149,7 @@ yylex()
        if (!nexttoke) {
            lex_state = lex_defer;
            expect = lex_expect;
+           lex_defer = LEX_NORMAL;
        }
        return(nexttype[nexttoke]);
 
@@ -925,26 +1159,40 @@ yylex()
            croak("panic: INTERPCASEMOD");
 #endif
        if (bufptr == bufend || bufptr[1] == 'E') {
-           if (lex_casemods <= 1) {
-               if (bufptr != bufend)
-                   bufptr += 2;
-               lex_state = LEX_INTERPSTART;
-           }
+           char oldmod;
            if (lex_casemods) {
-               --lex_casemods;
+               oldmod = lex_casestack[--lex_casemods];
+               lex_casestack[lex_casemods] = '\0';
+               if (bufptr != bufend && strchr("LUQ", oldmod)) {
+                   bufptr += 2;
+                   lex_state = LEX_INTERPCONCAT;
+               }
                return ')';
            }
+           if (bufptr != bufend)
+               bufptr += 2;
+           lex_state = LEX_INTERPCONCAT;
            return yylex();
        }
-       else if (lex_casemods) {
-           --lex_casemods;
-           return ')';
-       }
        else {
            s = bufptr + 1;
            if (strnEQ(s, "L\\u", 3) || strnEQ(s, "U\\l", 3))
                tmp = *s, *s = s[2], s[2] = tmp;        /* misordered... */
-           ++lex_casemods;
+           if (strchr("LU", *s) &&
+               (strchr(lex_casestack, 'L') || strchr(lex_casestack, 'U')))
+           {
+               lex_casestack[--lex_casemods] = '\0';
+               return ')';
+           }
+           if (lex_casemods > 10) {
+               char* newlb = (char*)realloc(lex_casestack, lex_casemods + 2);
+               if (newlb != lex_casestack) {
+                   SAVEFREEPV(newlb);
+                   lex_casestack = newlb;
+               }
+           }
+           lex_casestack[lex_casemods++] = *s;
+           lex_casestack[lex_casemods] = '\0';
            lex_state = LEX_INTERPCONCAT;
            nextval[nexttoke].ival = 0;
            force_next('(');
@@ -956,6 +1204,8 @@ yylex()
                nextval[nexttoke].ival = OP_LC;
            else if (*s == 'U')
                nextval[nexttoke].ival = OP_UC;
+           else if (*s == 'Q')
+               nextval[nexttoke].ival = OP_QUOTEMETA;
            else
                croak("panic: yylex");
            bufptr = s + 1;
@@ -978,7 +1228,7 @@ yylex()
        if (lex_dojoin) {
            nextval[nexttoke].ival = 0;
            force_next(',');
-           force_ident("\"");
+           force_ident("\"", '$');
            nextval[nexttoke].ival = 0;
            force_next('$');
            nextval[nexttoke].ival = 0;
@@ -1044,6 +1294,12 @@ yylex()
        }
 
        return yylex();
+    case LEX_FORMLINE:
+       lex_state = LEX_NORMAL;
+       s = scan_formline(bufptr);
+       if (!lex_formbrack)
+           goto rightbracket;
+       OPERATOR(';');
     }
 
     s = bufptr;
@@ -1054,25 +1310,9 @@ yylex()
     } )
 
   retry:
-#ifdef BADSWITCH
-    if (*s & 128) {
-       if ((*s & 127) == '}') {
-           *s++ = '}';
-           TOKEN('}');
-       }
-       else
-           warn("Unrecognized character \\%03o ignored", *s++ & 255);
-       goto retry;
-    }
-#endif
     switch (*s) {
     default:
-       if ((*s & 127) == '}') {
-           *s++ = '}';
-           TOKEN('}');
-       }
-       else
-           warn("Unrecognized character \\%03o ignored", *s++ & 255);
+       warn("Unrecognized character \\%03o ignored", *s++ & 255);
        goto retry;
     case 4:
     case 26:
@@ -1087,18 +1327,25 @@ yylex()
            goto retry;                 /* ignore stray nulls */
        last_uni = 0;
        last_lop = 0;
-       if (!preambled) {
+       if (!in_eval && !preambled) {
            preambled = TRUE;
-           sv_setpv(linestr,"");
-           if (perldb) {
-               char *pdb = getenv("PERLDB");
-
-               sv_catpv(linestr, pdb ? pdb : "BEGIN { require 'perldb.pl' }");
+           sv_setpv(linestr,incl_perldb());
+           if (SvCUR(linestr))
+               sv_catpv(linestr,";");
+           if (preambleav){
+               while(AvFILL(preambleav) >= 0) {
+                   SV *tmpsv = av_shift(preambleav);
+                   sv_catsv(linestr, tmpsv);
+                   sv_catpv(linestr, ";");
+                   sv_free(tmpsv);
+               }
+               sv_free((SV*)preambleav);
+               preambleav = NULL;
            }
            if (minus_n || minus_p) {
                sv_catpv(linestr, "LINE: while (<>) {");
                if (minus_l)
-                   sv_catpv(linestr,"chop;");
+                   sv_catpv(linestr,"chomp;");
                if (minus_a){
                    if (minus_F){
                      char tmpbuf1[50];
@@ -1114,18 +1361,23 @@ yylex()
                        sv_catpv(linestr,"@F=split(' ');");
                }
            }
+           sv_catpv(linestr, "\n");
            oldoldbufptr = oldbufptr = s = SvPVX(linestr);
            bufend = SvPVX(linestr) + SvCUR(linestr);
+           if (perldb && curstash != debstash) {
+               SV *sv = NEWSV(85,0);
+
+               sv_upgrade(sv, SVt_PVMG);
+               sv_setsv(sv,linestr);
+               av_store(GvAV(curcop->cop_filegv),(I32)curcop->cop_line,sv);
+           }
            goto retry;
        }
-#ifdef CRYPTSCRIPT
-       cryptswitch();
-#endif /* CRYPTSCRIPT */
        do {
-           if ((s = sv_gets(linestr, rsfp, 0)) == Nullch) {
+           if ((s = filter_gets(linestr, rsfp)) == Nullch) {
              fake_eof:
                if (rsfp) {
-                   if (preprocess)
+                   if (preprocess && !in_eval)
                        (void)my_pclose(rsfp);
                    else if ((FILE*)rsfp == stdin)
                        clearerr(stdin);
@@ -1133,7 +1385,7 @@ yylex()
                        (void)fclose(rsfp);
                    rsfp = Nullfp;
                }
-               if (minus_n || minus_p) {
+               if (!in_eval && (minus_n || minus_p)) {
                    sv_setpv(linestr,minus_p ? ";}continue{print" : "");
                    sv_catpv(linestr,";}");
                    oldoldbufptr = oldbufptr = s = SvPVX(linestr);
@@ -1145,8 +1397,18 @@ yylex()
                sv_setpv(linestr,"");
                TOKEN(';');     /* not infinite loop because rsfp is NULL now */
            }
-           if (doextract && *s == '#')
-               doextract = FALSE;
+           if (doextract) {
+               if (*s == '#' && s[1] == '!' && instr(s,"perl"))
+                   doextract = FALSE;
+
+               /* Incest with pod. */
+               if (*s == '=' && strnEQ(s, "=cut", 4)) {
+                   sv_setpv(linestr, "");
+                   oldoldbufptr = oldbufptr = s = SvPVX(linestr);
+                   bufend = SvPVX(linestr) + SvCUR(linestr);
+                   doextract = FALSE;
+               }
+           }
            incline(s);
        } while (doextract);
        oldoldbufptr = oldbufptr = bufptr = s;
@@ -1161,11 +1423,17 @@ yylex()
        if (curcop->cop_line == 1) {
            while (s < bufend && isSPACE(*s))
                s++;
-           if (*s == ':')      /* for csh's that have to exec sh scripts */
+           if (*s == ':' && s[1] != ':') /* for csh execing sh scripts */
                s++;
-           if (*s == '#' && s[1] == '!') {
-               if (!in_eval && !instr(s,"perl") && !instr(s,"indir") &&
-                       instr(origargv[0],"perl")) {
+           if (!in_eval && *s == '#' && s[1] == '!') {
+               d = instr(s,"perl -");
+               if (!d)
+                   d = instr(s,"perl");
+               if (!d &&
+                   !minus_c &&
+                   !instr(s,"indir") &&
+                   instr(origargv[0],"perl"))
+               {
                    char **newargv;
                    char *cmd;
 
@@ -1192,18 +1460,36 @@ yylex()
                    execv(cmd,newargv);
                    croak("Can't exec %s", cmd);
                }
-               if (d = instr(s, "perl -")) {
-                   d += 6;
-                   /*SUPPRESS 530*/
-                   while (d = moreswitches(d)) ;
+               if (d) {
+                   int oldpdb = perldb;
+                   int oldn = minus_n;
+                   int oldp = minus_p;
+
+                   while (*d && !isSPACE(*d)) d++;
+                   while (*d == ' ') d++;
+
+                   if (*d++ == '-') {
+                       while (d = moreswitches(d)) ;
+                       if (perldb && !oldpdb ||
+                           minus_n && !oldn ||
+                           minus_p && !oldp)
+                       {
+                           sv_setpv(linestr, "");
+                           oldoldbufptr = oldbufptr = s = SvPVX(linestr);
+                           bufend = SvPVX(linestr) + SvCUR(linestr);
+                           preambled = FALSE;
+                           if (perldb)
+                               (void)gv_fetchfile(origfilename);
+                           goto retry;
+                       }
+                   }
                }
            }
        }
-       if (in_format && lex_brackets <= 1) {
-           s = scan_formline(s);
-           if (!in_format)
-               goto rightbracket;
-           OPERATOR(';');
+       if (lex_formbrack && lex_brackets <= lex_formbrack) {
+           bufptr = s;
+           lex_state = LEX_FORMLINE;
+           return yylex();
        }
        goto retry;
     case ' ': case '\t': case '\f': case '\r': case 013:
@@ -1218,11 +1504,10 @@ yylex()
            if (s < d)
                s++;
            incline(s);
-           if (in_format && lex_brackets <= 1) {
-               s = scan_formline(s);
-               if (!in_format)
-                   goto rightbracket;
-               OPERATOR(';');
+           if (lex_formbrack && lex_brackets <= lex_formbrack) {
+               bufptr = s;
+               lex_state = LEX_FORMLINE;
+               return yylex();
            }
        }
        else {
@@ -1233,8 +1518,22 @@ yylex()
     case '-':
        if (s[1] && isALPHA(s[1]) && !isALNUM(s[2])) {
            s++;
+           bufptr = s;
+           tmp = *s++;
+
+           while (s < bufend && (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t'))
+               s++;
+
+           if (strnEQ(s,"=>",2)) {
+               if (dowarn)
+                   warn("Ambiguous use of -%c => resolved to \"-%c\" =>",
+                       tmp, tmp);
+               s = force_word(bufptr,WORD,FALSE,FALSE,FALSE);
+               OPERATOR('-');          /* unary minus */
+           }
            last_uni = oldbufptr;
-           switch (*s++) {
+           last_lop_op = OP_FTEREAD;   /* good enough */
+           switch (tmp) {
            case 'r': FTST(OP_FTEREAD);
            case 'w': FTST(OP_FTEWRITE);
            case 'x': FTST(OP_FTEEXEC);
@@ -1259,11 +1558,11 @@ yylex()
            case 't': FTST(OP_FTTTY);
            case 'T': FTST(OP_FTTEXT);
            case 'B': FTST(OP_FTBINARY);
-           case 'M': gv_fetchpv("\024",TRUE); FTST(OP_FTMTIME);
-           case 'A': gv_fetchpv("\024",TRUE); FTST(OP_FTATIME);
-           case 'C': gv_fetchpv("\024",TRUE); FTST(OP_FTCTIME);
+           case 'M': gv_fetchpv("\024",TRUE, SVt_PV); FTST(OP_FTMTIME);
+           case 'A': gv_fetchpv("\024",TRUE, SVt_PV); FTST(OP_FTATIME);
+           case 'C': gv_fetchpv("\024",TRUE, SVt_PV); FTST(OP_FTCTIME);
            default:
-               s -= 2;
+               croak("Unrecognized file test: -%c", tmp);
                break;
            }
        }
@@ -1279,11 +1578,13 @@ yylex()
            s++;
            s = skipspace(s);
            if (isIDFIRST(*s)) {
-               s = force_word(s,METHOD,FALSE,TRUE);
+               s = force_word(s,METHOD,FALSE,TRUE,FALSE);
                TOKEN(ARROW);
            }
+           else if (*s == '$')
+               OPERATOR(ARROW);
            else
-               PREBLOCK(ARROW);
+               TERM(ARROW);
        }
        if (expect == XOPERATOR)
            Aop(OP_SUBTRACT);
@@ -1314,7 +1615,9 @@ yylex()
        if (expect != XOPERATOR) {
            s = scan_ident(s, bufend, tokenbuf, TRUE);
            expect = XOPERATOR;
-           force_ident(tokenbuf);
+           force_ident(tokenbuf, '*');
+           if (!*tokenbuf)
+               PREREF('*');
            TERM('*');
        }
        s++;
@@ -1332,7 +1635,7 @@ yylex()
                tokenbuf[0] = '%';
                if (in_my) {
                    if (strchr(tokenbuf,':'))
-                       croak("\"my\" variable %s can't be in a package",tokenbuf);
+                       croak(no_myglob,tokenbuf);
                    nextval[nexttoke].opval = newOP(OP_PADANY, 0);
                    nextval[nexttoke].opval->op_targ = pad_allocmy(tokenbuf);
                    force_next(PRIVATEREF);
@@ -1346,7 +1649,7 @@ yylex()
                        TERM('%');
                    }
                }
-               force_ident(tokenbuf + 1);
+               force_ident(tokenbuf + 1, *tokenbuf);
            }
            else
                PREREF('%');
@@ -1357,20 +1660,28 @@ yylex()
 
     case '^':
        s++;
-       BOop(OP_XOR);
+       BOop(OP_BIT_XOR);
     case '[':
        lex_brackets++;
        /* FALL THROUGH */
     case '~':
     case ',':
-    case ':':
        tmp = *s++;
        OPERATOR(tmp);
+    case ':':
+       if (s[1] == ':') {
+           len = 0;
+           goto just_a_word;
+       }
+       s++;
+       OPERATOR(':');
     case '(':
        s++;
-       if (last_lop == oldoldbufptr)
+       if (last_lop == oldoldbufptr || last_uni == oldoldbufptr)
            oldbufptr = oldoldbufptr;           /* allow print(STDOUT 123) */
-       OPERATOR('(');
+       else
+           expect = XTERM;
+       TOKEN('(');
     case ';':
        if (curcop->cop_line < copline)
            copline = curcop->cop_line;
@@ -1378,6 +1689,9 @@ yylex()
        OPERATOR(tmp);
     case ')':
        tmp = *s++;
+       s = skipspace(s);
+       if (*s == '{')
+           PREBLOCK(tmp);
        TERM(tmp);
     case ']':
        s++;
@@ -1387,15 +1701,13 @@ yylex()
            --lex_brackets;
        if (lex_state == LEX_INTERPNORMAL) {
            if (lex_brackets == 0) {
-               if (*s != '-' || s[1] != '>')
+               if (*s != '[' && *s != '{' && (*s != '-' || s[1] != '>'))
                    lex_state = LEX_INTERPEND;
            }
        }
-       TOKEN(']');
+       TERM(']');
     case '{':
       leftbracket:
-       if (in_format == 2)
-           in_format = 0;
        s++;
        if (lex_brackets > 100) {
            char* newlb = (char*)realloc(lex_brackstack, lex_brackets + 1);
@@ -1404,33 +1716,74 @@ yylex()
                lex_brackstack = newlb;
            }
        }
-       if (oldoldbufptr == last_lop)
-           lex_brackstack[lex_brackets++] = XTERM;
-       else
-           lex_brackstack[lex_brackets++] = XOPERATOR;
-       if (expect == XTERM)
+       switch (expect) {
+       case XTERM:
+           if (lex_formbrack) {
+               s--;
+               PRETERMBLOCK(DO);
+           }
+           if (oldoldbufptr == last_lop)
+               lex_brackstack[lex_brackets++] = XTERM;
+           else
+               lex_brackstack[lex_brackets++] = XOPERATOR;
            OPERATOR(HASHBRACK);
-       else if (expect == XBLOCK || expect == XOPERATOR) {
-           lex_brackstack[lex_brackets-1] = XSTATE;
+           break;
+       case XOPERATOR:
+           while (s < bufend && (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t'))
+               s++;
+           if (s < bufend && isALPHA(*s)) {
+               d = scan_word(s, tokenbuf, FALSE, &len);
+               while (d < bufend && (*d == ' ' || *d == '\t'))
+                   d++;
+               if (*d == '}') {
+                   if (dowarn &&
+                     (keyword(tokenbuf, len) ||
+                      perl_get_cv(tokenbuf, FALSE) ))
+                       warn("Ambiguous use of {%s} resolved to {\"%s\"}",
+                           tokenbuf, tokenbuf);
+                   s = force_word(s,WORD,FALSE,TRUE,FALSE);
+               }
+           }
+           /* FALL THROUGH */
+       case XBLOCK:
+           lex_brackstack[lex_brackets++] = XSTATE;
            expect = XSTATE;
-       }
-       else {
-           char *t;
-           s = skipspace(s);
-           if (*s == '}')
-               OPERATOR(HASHBRACK);
-           for (t = s;
-               t < bufend &&
-                   (isSPACE(*t) || isALPHA(*t) || *t == '"' || *t == '\'');
-               t++) ;
-           if (*t == ',' || (*t == '=' && t[1] == '>'))
-               OPERATOR(HASHBRACK);
-           if (expect == XREF)
-               expect = XTERM;
-           else {
-               lex_brackstack[lex_brackets-1] = XSTATE;
-               expect = XSTATE;
+           break;
+       case XTERMBLOCK:
+           lex_brackstack[lex_brackets++] = XOPERATOR;
+           expect = XSTATE;
+           break;
+       default: {
+               char *t;
+               if (oldoldbufptr == last_lop)
+                   lex_brackstack[lex_brackets++] = XTERM;
+               else
+                   lex_brackstack[lex_brackets++] = XOPERATOR;
+               s = skipspace(s);
+               if (*s == '}')
+                   OPERATOR(HASHBRACK);
+               if (isALPHA(*s)) {
+                   for (t = s; t < bufend && isALNUM(*t); t++) ;
+               }
+               else if (*s == '\'' || *s == '"') {
+                   t = strchr(s+1,*s);
+                   if (!t++)
+                       t = s;
+               }
+               else
+                   t = s;
+               while (t < bufend && isSPACE(*t))
+                   t++;
+               if ((*t == ',' && !isLOWER(*s)) || (*t == '=' && t[1] == '>'))
+                   OPERATOR(HASHBRACK);
+               if (expect == XREF)
+                   expect = XTERM;
+               else {
+                   lex_brackstack[lex_brackets-1] = XSTATE;
+                   expect = XSTATE;
+               }
            }
+           break;
        }
        yylval.ival = curcop->cop_line;
        if (isSPACE(*s) || *s == '#')
@@ -1443,6 +1796,8 @@ yylex()
            yyerror("Unmatched right bracket");
        else
            expect = (expectation)lex_brackstack[--lex_brackets];
+       if (lex_brackets < lex_formbrack)
+           lex_formbrack = 0;
        if (lex_state == LEX_INTERPNORMAL) {
            if (lex_brackets == 0) {
                if (lex_fakebrack) {
@@ -1450,17 +1805,22 @@ yylex()
                    bufptr = s;
                    return yylex();             /* ignore fake brackets */
                }
-               if (*s != '-' || s[1] != '>')
+               if (*s != '[' && *s != '{' && (*s != '-' || s[1] != '>'))
                    lex_state = LEX_INTERPEND;
            }
        }
+       if (lex_brackets < lex_fakebrack) {
+           bufptr = s;
+           lex_fakebrack = 0;
+           return yylex();             /* ignore fake brackets */
+       }
        force_next('}');
        TOKEN(';');
     case '&':
        s++;
        tmp = *s++;
        if (tmp == '&')
-           OPERATOR(ANDAND);
+           AOPERATOR(ANDAND);
        s--;
        if (expect == XOPERATOR) {
            if (dowarn && isALPHA(*s) && bufptr == SvPVX(linestr)) {
@@ -1474,17 +1834,18 @@ yylex()
        s = scan_ident(s-1, bufend, tokenbuf, TRUE);
        if (*tokenbuf) {
            expect = XOPERATOR;
-           force_ident(tokenbuf);
+           force_ident(tokenbuf, '&');
        }
        else
            PREREF('&');
+       yylval.ival = (OPpENTERSUB_AMPER<<8);
        TERM('&');
 
     case '|':
        s++;
        tmp = *s++;
        if (tmp == '|')
-           OPERATOR(OROR);
+           AOPERATOR(OROR);
        s--;
        BOop(OP_BIT_OR);
     case '=':
@@ -1499,13 +1860,24 @@ yylex()
        if (dowarn && tmp && isSPACE(*s) && strchr("+-*/%.^&|<",tmp))
            warn("Reversed %c= operator",tmp);
        s--;
-       if (in_format == 2 && (tmp == '\n' || s[1] == '\n')) {
-           in_format = 1;
-           s--;
-           expect = XBLOCK;
-           goto leftbracket;
+       if (expect == XSTATE && isALPHA(tmp) &&
+               (s == SvPVX(linestr)+1 || s[-2] == '\n') )
+       {
+           s = bufend;
+           doextract = TRUE;
+           goto retry;
        }
-       OPERATOR('=');
+       if (lex_brackets < lex_formbrack) {
+           char *t;
+           for (t = s; *t == ' ' || *t == '\t'; t++) ;
+           if (*t == '\n' || *t == '#') {
+               s--;
+               expect = XBLOCK;
+               goto leftbracket;
+           }
+       }
+       yylval.ival = 0;
+       OPERATOR(ASSIGNOP);
     case '!':
        s++;
        tmp = *s++;
@@ -1549,42 +1921,82 @@ yylex()
        Rop(OP_GT);
 
     case '$':
-       if (s[1] == '#'  && (isALPHA(s[2]) || s[2] == '_' || s[2] == '{')) {
-           s = scan_ident(s+1, bufend, tokenbuf, FALSE);
+       if (s[1] == '#'  && (isALPHA(s[2]) || strchr("_{$:", s[2]))) {
+           s = scan_ident(s+1, bufend, tokenbuf+1, FALSE);
            if (expect == XOPERATOR) {
-               if (in_format)
-                   OPERATOR(','); /* grandfather non-comma-format format */
+               if (lex_formbrack && lex_brackets == lex_formbrack) {
+                   expect = XTERM;
+                   depcom();
+                   return ','; /* grandfather non-comma-format format */
+               }
                else
                    no_op("Array length",s);
            }
+           else if (!tokenbuf[1])
+               PREREF(DOLSHARP);
+           if (!strchr(tokenbuf+1,':')) {
+               tokenbuf[0] = '@';
+               if (tmp = pad_findmy(tokenbuf)) {
+                   nextval[nexttoke].opval = newOP(OP_PADANY, 0);
+                   nextval[nexttoke].opval->op_targ = tmp;
+                   expect = XOPERATOR;
+                   force_next(PRIVATEREF);
+                   TOKEN(DOLSHARP);
+               }
+           }
            expect = XOPERATOR;
-           force_ident(tokenbuf);
+           force_ident(tokenbuf+1, *tokenbuf);
            TOKEN(DOLSHARP);
        }
        s = scan_ident(s, bufend, tokenbuf+1, FALSE);
        if (expect == XOPERATOR) {
-           if (in_format)
-               OPERATOR(',');  /* grandfather non-comma-format format */
+           if (lex_formbrack && lex_brackets == lex_formbrack) {
+               expect = XTERM;
+               depcom();
+               return ',';     /* grandfather non-comma-format format */
+           }
            else
                no_op("Scalar",s);
        }
        if (tokenbuf[1]) {
+           expectation oldexpect = expect;
+
+           /* This kludge not intended to be bulletproof. */
+           if (tokenbuf[1] == '[' && !tokenbuf[2]) {
+               yylval.opval = newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0,
+                                       newSViv((IV)compiling.cop_arybase));
+               yylval.opval->op_private = OPpCONST_ARYBASE;
+               TERM(THING);
+           }
            tokenbuf[0] = '$';
-           if (dowarn && *s == '[') {
+           if (dowarn) {
                char *t;
-               for (t = s+1; isSPACE(*t) || isALNUM(*t) || *t == '$'; t++) ;
-               if (*t++ == ',') {
-                   bufptr = skipspace(bufptr);
-                   while (t < bufend && *t != ']') t++;
-                   warn("Multidimensional syntax %.*s not supported",
-                       t-bufptr+1, bufptr);
+               if (*s == '[' && oldexpect != XREF) {
+                   for (t = s+1; isSPACE(*t) || isALNUM(*t) || *t == '$'; t++) ;
+                   if (*t++ == ',') {
+                       bufptr = skipspace(bufptr);
+                       while (t < bufend && *t != ']') t++;
+                       warn("Multidimensional syntax %.*s not supported",
+                           t-bufptr+1, bufptr);
+                   }
+               }
+               if (*s == '{' && strEQ(tokenbuf, "$SIG") &&
+                 (t = strchr(s,'}')) && (t = strchr(t,'='))) {
+                   char tmpbuf[1024];
+                   STRLEN len;
+                   for (t++; isSPACE(*t); t++) ;
+                   if (isIDFIRST(*t)) {
+                       t = scan_word(t, tmpbuf, TRUE, &len);
+                       if (*t != '(' && perl_get_cv(tmpbuf, FALSE))
+                           warn("You need to quote \"%s\"", tmpbuf);
+                   }
                }
            }
            expect = XOPERATOR;
            if (lex_state == LEX_NORMAL && isSPACE(*s)) {
                bool islop = (last_lop == oldoldbufptr);
                s = skipspace(s);
-               if (!islop)
+               if (!islop || last_lop_op == OP_GREPSTART)
                    expect = XOPERATOR;
                else if (strchr("$@\"'`q", *s))
                    expect = XTERM;             /* e.g. print $fh "foo" */
@@ -1601,26 +2013,43 @@ yylex()
            }
            if (in_my) {
                if (strchr(tokenbuf,':'))
-                   croak("\"my\" variable %s can't be in a package",tokenbuf);
+                   croak(no_myglob,tokenbuf);
                nextval[nexttoke].opval = newOP(OP_PADANY, 0);
                nextval[nexttoke].opval->op_targ = pad_allocmy(tokenbuf);
                force_next(PRIVATEREF);
            }
            else if (!strchr(tokenbuf,':')) {
-               if (*s == '[')
-                   tokenbuf[0] = '@';
-               else if (*s == '{')
-                   tokenbuf[0] = '%';
+               if (oldexpect != XREF || oldoldbufptr == last_lop) {
+                   if (intuit_more(s)) {
+                       if (*s == '[')
+                           tokenbuf[0] = '@';
+                       else if (*s == '{')
+                           tokenbuf[0] = '%';
+                   }
+               }
                if (tmp = pad_findmy(tokenbuf)) {
+                   if (!tokenbuf[2] && *tokenbuf =='$' &&
+                       tokenbuf[1] <= 'b' && tokenbuf[1] >= 'a')
+                   {
+                       for (d = in_eval ? oldoldbufptr : SvPVX(linestr);
+                           d < bufend && *d != '\n';
+                           d++)
+                       {
+                           if (strnEQ(d,"<=>",3) || strnEQ(d,"cmp",3)) {
+                               croak("Can't use \"my %s\" in sort comparison",
+                                   tokenbuf);
+                           }
+                       }
+                   }
                    nextval[nexttoke].opval = newOP(OP_PADANY, 0);
                    nextval[nexttoke].opval->op_targ = tmp;
                    force_next(PRIVATEREF);
                }
                else
-                   force_ident(tokenbuf+1);
+                   force_ident(tokenbuf+1, *tokenbuf);
            }
            else
-               force_ident(tokenbuf+1);
+               force_ident(tokenbuf+1, *tokenbuf);
        }
        else {
            if (s == bufend)
@@ -1634,19 +2063,23 @@ yylex()
        if (expect == XOPERATOR)
            no_op("Array",s);
        if (tokenbuf[1]) {
+           GV* gv;
+
            tokenbuf[0] = '@';
            expect = XOPERATOR;
            if (in_my) {
                if (strchr(tokenbuf,':'))
-                   croak("\"my\" variable %s can't be in a package",tokenbuf);
+                   croak(no_myglob,tokenbuf);
                nextval[nexttoke].opval = newOP(OP_PADANY, 0);
                nextval[nexttoke].opval->op_targ = pad_allocmy(tokenbuf);
                force_next(PRIVATEREF);
                TERM('@');
            }
            else if (!strchr(tokenbuf,':')) {
-               if (*s == '{')
-                   tokenbuf[0] = '%';
+               if (intuit_more(s)) {
+                   if (*s == '{')
+                       tokenbuf[0] = '%';
+               }
                if (tmp = pad_findmy(tokenbuf)) {
                    nextval[nexttoke].opval = newOP(OP_PADANY, 0);
                    nextval[nexttoke].opval->op_targ = tmp;
@@ -1654,17 +2087,34 @@ yylex()
                    TERM('@');
                }
            }
-           if (dowarn && *s == '[') {
-               char *t;
-               for (t = s+1; *t && (isALNUM(*t) || strchr(" \t$#+-", *t)); t++)
-                   ;
-               if (*t++ == ']') {
-                   bufptr = skipspace(bufptr);
-                   warn("Scalar value %.*s better written as $%.*s",
-                       t-bufptr, bufptr, t-bufptr-1, bufptr+1);
+
+           /* Force them to make up their mind on "@foo". */
+           if (lex_state != LEX_NORMAL && !lex_brackets &&
+                   ( !(gv = gv_fetchpv(tokenbuf+1, FALSE, SVt_PVAV)) ||
+                     (*tokenbuf == '@'
+                       ? !GvAV(gv)
+                       : !GvHV(gv) )))
+           {
+               char tmpbuf[1024];
+               sprintf(tmpbuf, "Literal @%s now requires backslash",tokenbuf+1);
+               yyerror(tmpbuf);
+           }
+
+           /* Warn about @ where they meant $. */
+           if (dowarn) {
+               if (*s == '[' || *s == '{') {
+                   char *t = s + 1;
+                   while (*t && (isALNUM(*t) || strchr(" \t$#+-'\"", *t)))
+                       t++;
+                   if (*t == '}' || *t == ']') {
+                       t++;
+                       bufptr = skipspace(bufptr);
+                       warn("Scalar value %.*s better written as $%.*s",
+                           t-bufptr, bufptr, t-bufptr-1, bufptr+1);
+                   }
                }
            }
-           force_ident(tokenbuf+1);
+           force_ident(tokenbuf+1, *tokenbuf);
        }
        else {
            if (s == bufend)
@@ -1686,8 +2136,9 @@ yylex()
        OPERATOR(tmp);
 
     case '.':
-       if (in_format == 2) {
-           in_format = 0;
+       if (lex_formbrack && lex_brackets == lex_formbrack && s[1] == '\n' &&
+               (s == SvPVX(linestr) || s[-1] == '\n') ) {
+           lex_formbrack = 0;
            expect = XSTATE;
            goto rightbracket;
        }
@@ -1718,27 +2169,39 @@ yylex()
     case '\'':
        s = scan_str(s);
        if (expect == XOPERATOR) {
-           if (in_format)
-               OPERATOR(',');  /* grandfather non-comma-format format */
+           if (lex_formbrack && lex_brackets == lex_formbrack) {
+               expect = XTERM;
+               depcom();
+               return ',';     /* grandfather non-comma-format format */
+           }
            else
                no_op("String",s);
        }
        if (!s)
-           missingterm(0);
+           missingterm((char*)0);
        yylval.ival = OP_CONST;
        TERM(sublex_start());
 
     case '"':
        s = scan_str(s);
        if (expect == XOPERATOR) {
-           if (in_format)
-               OPERATOR(',');  /* grandfather non-comma-format format */
+           if (lex_formbrack && lex_brackets == lex_formbrack) {
+               expect = XTERM;
+               depcom();
+               return ',';     /* grandfather non-comma-format format */
+           }
            else
                no_op("String",s);
        }
        if (!s)
-           missingterm(0);
-       yylval.ival = OP_SCALAR;
+           missingterm((char*)0);
+       yylval.ival = OP_CONST;
+       for (d = SvPV(lex_stuff, len); len; len--, d++) {
+           if (*d == '$' || *d == '@' || *d == '\\') {
+               yylval.ival = OP_STRINGIFY;
+               break;
+           }
+       }
        TERM(sublex_start());
 
     case '`':
@@ -1746,13 +2209,15 @@ yylex()
        if (expect == XOPERATOR)
            no_op("Backticks",s);
        if (!s)
-           missingterm(0);
+           missingterm((char*)0);
        yylval.ival = OP_BACKTICK;
        set_csh();
        TERM(sublex_start());
 
     case '\\':
        s++;
+       if (dowarn && lex_inwhat && isDIGIT(*s))
+           warn("Can't use \\%c to mean $%c in expression", *s, *s);
        if (expect == XOPERATOR)
            no_op("Backslash",s);
        OPERATOR(REFGEN);
@@ -1793,32 +2258,70 @@ yylex()
     case 'z': case 'Z':
 
       keylookup:
-       d = s;
+       bufptr = s;
        s = scan_word(s, tokenbuf, FALSE, &len);
        
-       switch (tmp = keyword(tokenbuf, len)) {
+       if (*s == ':' && s[1] == ':' && strNE(tokenbuf, "CORE"))
+           goto just_a_word;
+
+       tmp = keyword(tokenbuf, len);
+
+       /* Is this a word before a => operator? */
+       d = s;
+       while (d < bufend && (*d == ' ' || *d == '\t'))
+               d++;    /* no comments skipped here, or s### is misparsed */
+       if (strnEQ(d,"=>",2)) {
+           CLINE;
+           if (dowarn && (tmp || perl_get_cv(tokenbuf, FALSE)))
+               warn("Ambiguous use of %s => resolved to \"%s\" =>",
+                       tokenbuf, tokenbuf);
+           yylval.opval = (OP*)newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSVpv(tokenbuf,0));
+           yylval.opval->op_private = OPpCONST_BARE;
+           TERM(WORD);
+       }
+
+       if (tmp < 0) {                  /* second-class keyword? */
+           GV* gv;
+           if (expect != XOPERATOR &&
+             (*s != ':' || s[1] != ':') &&
+             (gv = gv_fetchpv(tokenbuf,FALSE, SVt_PVCV)) &&
+             (GvFLAGS(gv) & GVf_IMPORTED) &&
+             GvCV(gv))
+           {
+               tmp = 0;
+           }
+           else
+               tmp = -tmp;
+       }
+
+      reserved_word:
+       switch (tmp) {
 
        default:                        /* not a keyword */
          just_a_word: {
                GV *gv;
+               char lastchar = (bufptr == oldoldbufptr ? 0 : bufptr[-1]);
 
                /* Get the rest if it looks like a package qualifier */
 
-               if (*s == '\'' || *s == ':')
+               if (*s == '\'' || *s == ':' && s[1] == ':') {
                    s = scan_word(s, tokenbuf + len, TRUE, &len);
+                   if (!len)
+                       croak("Bad name after %s::", tokenbuf);
+               }
 
                /* Do special processing at start of statement. */
 
                if (expect == XSTATE) {
                    while (isSPACE(*s)) s++;
                    if (*s == ':') {    /* It's a label. */
-                       yylval.pval = savestr(tokenbuf);
+                       yylval.pval = savepv(tokenbuf);
                        s++;
                        CLINE;
                        TOKEN(LABEL);
                    }
                }
-               else if (dowarn && expect == XOPERATOR) {
+               else if (expect == XOPERATOR) {
                    if (bufptr == SvPVX(linestr)) {
                        curcop->cop_line--;
                        warn(warn_nosemi);
@@ -1830,23 +2333,41 @@ yylex()
 
                /* Look for a subroutine with this name in current package. */
 
-               gv = gv_fetchpv(tokenbuf,FALSE);
+               gv = gv_fetchpv(tokenbuf,FALSE, SVt_PVCV);
+
+               /* Presume this is going to be a bareword of some sort. */
+
+               CLINE;
+               yylval.opval = (OP*)newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSVpv(tokenbuf,0));
+               yylval.opval->op_private = OPpCONST_BARE;
 
                /* See if it's the indirect object for a list operator. */
 
-               if (oldoldbufptr && oldoldbufptr < bufptr) {
-                   if (oldoldbufptr == last_lop &&
-                       (!gv || !GvCV(gv) || last_lop_op == OP_SORT))
-                   {
-                       expect = XTERM;
-                       CLINE;
-                       yylval.opval = (OP*)newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0,
-                           newSVpv(tokenbuf,0));
-                       yylval.opval->op_private = OPpCONST_BARE;
-                       for (d = tokenbuf; *d && isLOWER(*d); d++) ;
-                       if (dowarn && !*d)
-                           warn(warn_reserved, tokenbuf);
-                       TOKEN(WORD);
+               if (oldoldbufptr &&
+                   oldoldbufptr < bufptr &&
+                   (oldoldbufptr == last_lop || oldoldbufptr == last_uni) &&
+                   /* NO SKIPSPACE BEFORE HERE! */
+                   (expect == XREF ||
+                    (opargs[last_lop_op] >> OASHIFT & 7) == OA_FILEREF) )
+               {
+                   bool immediate_paren = *s == '(';
+
+                   /* (Now we can afford to cross potential line boundary.) */
+                   s = skipspace(s);
+
+                   /* Two barewords in a row may indicate method call. */
+
+                   if ((isALPHA(*s) || *s == '$') && (tmp=intuit_method(s,gv)))
+                       return tmp;
+
+                   /* If not a declared subroutine, it's an indirect object. */
+                   /* (But it's an indir obj regardless for sort.) */
+
+                   if ((last_lop_op == OP_SORT ||
+                         (!immediate_paren && (!gv || !GvCV(gv))) ) &&
+                        (last_lop_op != OP_MAPSTART && last_lop_op != OP_GREPSTART)){
+                       expect = (last_lop == oldoldbufptr) ? XTERM : XOPERATOR;
+                       goto bareword;
                    }
                }
 
@@ -1856,18 +2377,14 @@ yylex()
                s = skipspace(s);
                if (*s == '(') {
                    CLINE;
-                   nextval[nexttoke].opval =
-                       (OP*)newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSVpv(tokenbuf,0));
-                   nextval[nexttoke].opval->op_private = OPpCONST_BARE;
+                   nextval[nexttoke].opval = yylval.opval;
                    expect = XOPERATOR;
                    force_next(WORD);
+                   yylval.ival = 0;
                    TOKEN('&');
                }
-               CLINE;
-               yylval.opval = (OP*)newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSVpv(tokenbuf,0));
-               yylval.opval->op_private = OPpCONST_BARE;
 
-               /* If followed by var or block, call it a method (maybe). */
+               /* If followed by var or block, call it a method (unless sub) */
 
                if ((*s == '$' || *s == '{') && (!gv || !GvCV(gv))) {
                    last_lop = oldbufptr;
@@ -1877,51 +2394,72 @@ yylex()
 
                /* If followed by a bareword, see if it looks like indir obj. */
 
-               if (isALPHA(*s)) {
-                   char *olds = s;
-                   char tmpbuf[1024];
-                   GV* indirgv;
-                   s = scan_word(s, tmpbuf, TRUE, &len);
-                   if (!keyword(tmpbuf, len)) {
-                       SV* tmpsv = newSVpv(tmpbuf,0);
-                       indirgv = gv_fetchpv(tmpbuf,FALSE);
-                       if (!indirgv || !GvCV(indirgv)) {
-                           if (!gv || !GvCV(gv) || fetch_stash(tmpsv, FALSE)) {
-                               nextval[nexttoke].opval =
-                                   (OP*)newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, tmpsv);
-                               nextval[nexttoke].opval->op_private =
-                                   OPpCONST_BARE;
-                               expect = XTERM;
-                               force_next(WORD);
-                               TOKEN(METHOD);
-                           }
-                       }
-                       SvREFCNT_dec(tmpsv);
-                   }
-                   s = olds;
-               }
+               if ((isALPHA(*s) || *s == '$') && (tmp = intuit_method(s,gv)))
+                   return tmp;
 
                /* Not a method, so call it a subroutine (if defined) */
 
                if (gv && GvCV(gv)) {
+                   CV* cv = GvCV(gv);
                    nextval[nexttoke].opval = yylval.opval;
                    if (*s == '(') {
                        expect = XTERM;
                        force_next(WORD);
+                       yylval.ival = 0;
                        TOKEN('&');
                    }
+                   if (lastchar == '-')
+                       warn("Ambiguous use of -%s resolved as -&%s()",
+                               tokenbuf, tokenbuf);
                    last_lop = oldbufptr;
-                   last_lop_op = OP_ENTERSUBR;
+                   last_lop_op = OP_ENTERSUB;
+                   /* Is there a prototype? */
+                   if (SvPOK(cv)) {
+                       STRLEN len;
+                       char *proto = SvPV((SV*)cv, len);
+                       if (!len)
+                           TERM(FUNC0SUB);
+                       if (strEQ(proto, "$"))
+                           OPERATOR(UNIOPSUB);
+                       if (*proto == '&' && *s == '{') {
+                           sv_setpv(subname,"__ANON__");
+                           PREBLOCK(LSTOPSUB);
+                       }
+                   }
                    expect = XTERM;
                    force_next(WORD);
                    TOKEN(NOAMP);
                }
 
+               if (hints & HINT_STRICT_SUBS &&
+                   lastchar != '-' &&
+                   strnNE(s,"->",2) &&
+                   last_lop_op != OP_ACCEPT &&
+                   last_lop_op != OP_PIPE_OP &&
+                   last_lop_op != OP_SOCKPAIR)
+               {
+                   warn(
+                    "Bareword \"%s\" not allowed while \"strict subs\" in use",
+                       tokenbuf);
+                   ++error_count;
+               }
+
                /* Call it a bare word */
 
-               for (d = tokenbuf; *d && isLOWER(*d); d++) ;
-               if (dowarn && !*d)
-                   warn(warn_reserved, tokenbuf);
+           bareword:
+               if (dowarn) {
+                   if (lastchar != '-') {
+                       for (d = tokenbuf; *d && isLOWER(*d); d++) ;
+                       if (!*d)
+                           warn(warn_reserved, tokenbuf);
+                   }
+               }
+               if (lastchar && strchr("*%&", lastchar)) {
+                   warn("Operator or semicolon missing before %c%s",
+                       lastchar, tokenbuf);
+                   warn("Ambiguous use of %c resolved as operator %c",
+                       lastchar, lastchar);
+               }
                TOKEN(WORD);
            }
 
@@ -1935,26 +2473,34 @@ yylex()
            TERM(THING);
        }
 
+       case KEY___DATA__:
        case KEY___END__: {
            GV *gv;
-           int fd;
 
            /*SUPPRESS 560*/
-           if (!in_eval && (gv = gv_fetchpv("DATA",FALSE))) {
+           if (!in_eval || tokenbuf[2] == 'D') {
+               char dname[256];
+               char *pname = "main";
+               if (tokenbuf[2] == 'D')
+                   pname = HvNAME(curstash ? curstash : defstash);
+               sprintf(dname,"%s::DATA", pname);
+               gv = gv_fetchpv(dname,TRUE, SVt_PVIO);
                SvMULTI_on(gv);
                if (!GvIO(gv))
-                   GvIO(gv) = newIO();
-               IoIFP(GvIO(gv)) = rsfp;
-#if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(FFt_SETFD)
-               fd = fileno(rsfp);
-               fcntl(fd,FFt_SETFD,fd >= 3);
+                   GvIOp(gv) = newIO();
+               IoIFP(GvIOp(gv)) = rsfp;
+#if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
+               {
+                   int fd = fileno(rsfp);
+                   fcntl(fd,F_SETFD,fd >= 3);
+               }
 #endif
                if (preprocess)
-                   IoTYPE(GvIO(gv)) = '|';
+                   IoTYPE(GvIOp(gv)) = '|';
                else if ((FILE*)rsfp == stdin)
-                   IoTYPE(GvIO(gv)) = '-';
+                   IoTYPE(GvIOp(gv)) = '-';
                else
-                   IoTYPE(GvIO(gv)) = '<';
+                   IoTYPE(GvIOp(gv)) = '<';
                rsfp = Nullfp;
            }
            goto fake_eof;
@@ -1964,13 +2510,24 @@ yylex()
        case KEY_DESTROY:
        case KEY_BEGIN:
        case KEY_END:
-           s = skipspace(s);
-           if (expect == XSTATE && (minus_p || minus_n || *s == '{' )) {
+           if (expect == XSTATE) {
                s = bufptr;
                goto really_sub;
            }
            goto just_a_word;
 
+       case KEY_CORE:
+           if (*s == ':' && s[1] == ':') {
+               s += 2;
+               d = s;
+               s = scan_word(s, tokenbuf, FALSE, &len);
+               tmp = keyword(tokenbuf, len);
+               if (tmp < 0)
+                   tmp = -tmp;
+               goto reserved_word;
+           }
+           goto just_a_word;
+
        case KEY_abs:
            UNI(OP_ABS);
 
@@ -1978,22 +2535,22 @@ yylex()
            UNI(OP_ALARM);
 
        case KEY_accept:
-           LOP(OP_ACCEPT);
+           LOP(OP_ACCEPT,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_and:
            OPERATOR(ANDOP);
 
        case KEY_atan2:
-           LOP(OP_ATAN2);
+           LOP(OP_ATAN2,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_bind:
-           LOP(OP_BIND);
+           LOP(OP_BIND,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_binmode:
            UNI(OP_BINMODE);
 
        case KEY_bless:
-           LOP(OP_BLESS);
+           LOP(OP_BLESS,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_chop:
            UNI(OP_CHOP);
@@ -2002,7 +2559,7 @@ yylex()
            PREBLOCK(CONTINUE);
 
        case KEY_chdir:
-           (void)gv_fetchpv("ENV",TRUE);       /* may use HOME */
+           (void)gv_fetchpv("ENV",TRUE, SVt_PVHV);     /* may use HOME */
            UNI(OP_CHDIR);
 
        case KEY_close:
@@ -2022,19 +2579,21 @@ yylex()
            if (!cryptseen++)
                init_des();
 #endif
-           LOP(OP_CRYPT);
+           LOP(OP_CRYPT,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_chmod:
-           s = skipspace(s);
-           if (dowarn && *s != '0' && isDIGIT(*s))
-               yywarn("chmod: mode argument is missing initial 0");
-           LOP(OP_CHMOD);
+           if (dowarn) {
+               for (d = s; d < bufend && (isSPACE(*d) || *d == '('); d++) ;
+               if (*d != '0' && isDIGIT(*d))
+                   yywarn("chmod: mode argument is missing initial 0");
+           }
+           LOP(OP_CHMOD,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_chown:
-           LOP(OP_CHOWN);
+           LOP(OP_CHOWN,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_connect:
-           LOP(OP_CONNECT);
+           LOP(OP_CONNECT,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_chr:
            UNI(OP_CHR);
@@ -2048,28 +2607,30 @@ yylex()
        case KEY_do:
            s = skipspace(s);
            if (*s == '{')
-               PREBLOCK(DO);
+               PRETERMBLOCK(DO);
            if (*s != '\'')
-               s = force_word(s,WORD,FALSE,TRUE);
+               s = force_word(s,WORD,FALSE,TRUE,FALSE);
            OPERATOR(DO);
 
        case KEY_die:
-           LOP(OP_DIE);
+           hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
+           LOP(OP_DIE,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_defined:
            UNI(OP_DEFINED);
 
        case KEY_delete:
-           OPERATOR(DELETE);
+           UNI(OP_DELETE);
 
        case KEY_dbmopen:
-           LOP(OP_DBMOPEN);
+           gv_fetchpv("AnyDBM_File::ISA", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVAV);
+           LOP(OP_DBMOPEN,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_dbmclose:
            UNI(OP_DBMCLOSE);
 
        case KEY_dump:
-           s = force_word(s,WORD,TRUE,FALSE);
+           s = force_word(s,WORD,TRUE,FALSE,FALSE);
            LOOPX(OP_DUMP);
 
        case KEY_else:
@@ -2082,12 +2643,15 @@ yylex()
        case KEY_eq:
            Eop(OP_SEQ);
 
+       case KEY_exists:
+           UNI(OP_EXISTS);
+           
        case KEY_exit:
            UNI(OP_EXIT);
 
        case KEY_eval:
            s = skipspace(s);
-           expect = (*s == '{') ? XBLOCK : XTERM;
+           expect = (*s == '{') ? XTERMBLOCK : XTERM;
            UNIBRACK(OP_ENTEREVAL);
 
        case KEY_eof:
@@ -2101,7 +2665,7 @@ yylex()
 
        case KEY_exec:
            set_csh();
-           LOP(OP_EXEC);
+           LOP(OP_EXEC,XREF);
 
        case KEY_endhostent:
            FUN0(OP_EHOSTENT);
@@ -2131,19 +2695,19 @@ yylex()
            OPERATOR(FOR);
 
        case KEY_formline:
-           LOP(OP_FORMLINE);
+           LOP(OP_FORMLINE,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_fork:
            FUN0(OP_FORK);
 
        case KEY_fcntl:
-           LOP(OP_FCNTL);
+           LOP(OP_FCNTL,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_fileno:
            UNI(OP_FILENO);
 
        case KEY_flock:
-           LOP(OP_FLOCK);
+           LOP(OP_FLOCK,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_gt:
            Rop(OP_SGT);
@@ -2152,10 +2716,10 @@ yylex()
            Rop(OP_SGE);
 
        case KEY_grep:
-           LOP(OP_GREPSTART);
+           LOP(OP_GREPSTART, *s == '(' ? XTERM : XREF);
 
        case KEY_goto:
-           s = force_word(s,WORD,TRUE,FALSE);
+           s = force_word(s,WORD,TRUE,FALSE,FALSE);
            LOOPX(OP_GOTO);
 
        case KEY_gmtime:
@@ -2171,13 +2735,13 @@ yylex()
            UNI(OP_GETPGRP);
 
        case KEY_getpriority:
-           LOP(OP_GETPRIORITY);
+           LOP(OP_GETPRIORITY,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_getprotobyname:
            UNI(OP_GPBYNAME);
 
        case KEY_getprotobynumber:
-           LOP(OP_GPBYNUMBER);
+           LOP(OP_GPBYNUMBER,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_getprotoent:
            FUN0(OP_GPROTOENT);
@@ -2198,7 +2762,7 @@ yylex()
            UNI(OP_GHBYNAME);
 
        case KEY_gethostbyaddr:
-           LOP(OP_GHBYADDR);
+           LOP(OP_GHBYADDR,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_gethostent:
            FUN0(OP_GHOSTENT);
@@ -2207,16 +2771,16 @@ yylex()
            UNI(OP_GNBYNAME);
 
        case KEY_getnetbyaddr:
-           LOP(OP_GNBYADDR);
+           LOP(OP_GNBYADDR,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_getnetent:
            FUN0(OP_GNETENT);
 
        case KEY_getservbyname:
-           LOP(OP_GSBYNAME);
+           LOP(OP_GSBYNAME,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_getservbyport:
-           LOP(OP_GSBYPORT);
+           LOP(OP_GSBYPORT,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_getservent:
            FUN0(OP_GSERVENT);
@@ -2225,7 +2789,7 @@ yylex()
            UNI(OP_GETSOCKNAME);
 
        case KEY_getsockopt:
-           LOP(OP_GSOCKOPT);
+           LOP(OP_GSOCKOPT,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_getgrent:
            FUN0(OP_GGRENT);
@@ -2240,7 +2804,8 @@ yylex()
            FUN0(OP_GETLOGIN);
 
        case KEY_glob:
-           UNI(OP_GLOB);
+           set_csh();
+           LOP(OP_GLOB,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_hex:
            UNI(OP_HEX);
@@ -2250,27 +2815,27 @@ yylex()
            OPERATOR(IF);
 
        case KEY_index:
-           LOP(OP_INDEX);
+           LOP(OP_INDEX,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_int:
            UNI(OP_INT);
 
        case KEY_ioctl:
-           LOP(OP_IOCTL);
+           LOP(OP_IOCTL,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_join:
-           LOP(OP_JOIN);
+           LOP(OP_JOIN,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_keys:
            UNI(OP_KEYS);
 
        case KEY_kill:
-           LOP(OP_KILL);
+           LOP(OP_KILL,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_last:
-           s = force_word(s,WORD,TRUE,FALSE);
+           s = force_word(s,WORD,TRUE,FALSE,FALSE);
            LOOPX(OP_LAST);
-
+           
        case KEY_lc:
            UNI(OP_LC);
 
@@ -2297,10 +2862,10 @@ yylex()
            UNI(OP_LOG);
 
        case KEY_link:
-           LOP(OP_LINK);
+           LOP(OP_LINK,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_listen:
-           LOP(OP_LISTEN);
+           LOP(OP_LISTEN,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_lstat:
            UNI(OP_LSTAT);
@@ -2309,20 +2874,23 @@ yylex()
            s = scan_pat(s);
            TERM(sublex_start());
 
+       case KEY_map:
+           LOP(OP_MAPSTART,XREF);
+           
        case KEY_mkdir:
-           LOP(OP_MKDIR);
+           LOP(OP_MKDIR,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_msgctl:
-           LOP(OP_MSGCTL);
+           LOP(OP_MSGCTL,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_msgget:
-           LOP(OP_MSGGET);
+           LOP(OP_MSGGET,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_msgrcv:
-           LOP(OP_MSGRCV);
+           LOP(OP_MSGRCV,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_msgsnd:
-           LOP(OP_MSGSND);
+           LOP(OP_MSGSND,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_my:
            in_my = TRUE;
@@ -2330,12 +2898,22 @@ yylex()
            OPERATOR(LOCAL);
 
        case KEY_next:
-           s = force_word(s,WORD,TRUE,FALSE);
+           s = force_word(s,WORD,TRUE,FALSE,FALSE);
            LOOPX(OP_NEXT);
 
        case KEY_ne:
            Eop(OP_SNE);
 
+       case KEY_no:
+           if (expect != XSTATE)
+               yyerror("\"no\" not allowed in expression");
+           s = force_word(s,WORD,FALSE,TRUE,FALSE);
+           yylval.ival = 0;
+           OPERATOR(USE);
+
+       case KEY_not:
+           OPERATOR(NOTOP);
+
        case KEY_open:
            s = skipspace(s);
            if (isIDFIRST(*s)) {
@@ -2346,9 +2924,10 @@ yylex()
                    warn("Precedence problem: open %.*s should be open(%.*s)",
                        d-s,s, d-s,s);
            }
-           LOP(OP_OPEN);
+           LOP(OP_OPEN,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_or:
+           yylval.ival = OP_OR;
            OPERATOR(OROP);
 
        case KEY_ord:
@@ -2358,43 +2937,52 @@ yylex()
            UNI(OP_OCT);
 
        case KEY_opendir:
-           LOP(OP_OPEN_DIR);
+           LOP(OP_OPEN_DIR,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_print:
            checkcomma(s,tokenbuf,"filehandle");
-           LOP(OP_PRINT);
+           LOP(OP_PRINT,XREF);
 
        case KEY_printf:
            checkcomma(s,tokenbuf,"filehandle");
-           LOP(OP_PRTF);
+           LOP(OP_PRTF,XREF);
+
+       case KEY_prototype:
+           UNI(OP_PROTOTYPE);
 
        case KEY_push:
-           LOP(OP_PUSH);
+           LOP(OP_PUSH,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_pop:
            UNI(OP_POP);
 
+       case KEY_pos:
+           UNI(OP_POS);
+           
        case KEY_pack:
-           LOP(OP_PACK);
+           LOP(OP_PACK,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_package:
-           s = force_word(s,WORD,FALSE,TRUE);
+           s = force_word(s,WORD,FALSE,TRUE,FALSE);
            OPERATOR(PACKAGE);
 
        case KEY_pipe:
-           LOP(OP_PIPE_OP);
+           LOP(OP_PIPE_OP,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_q:
            s = scan_str(s);
            if (!s)
-               missingterm(0);
+               missingterm((char*)0);
            yylval.ival = OP_CONST;
            TERM(sublex_start());
 
+       case KEY_quotemeta:
+           UNI(OP_QUOTEMETA);
+
        case KEY_qw:
            s = scan_str(s);
            if (!s)
-               missingterm(0);
+               missingterm((char*)0);
            force_next(')');
            nextval[nexttoke].opval = (OP*)newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, q(lex_stuff));
            lex_stuff = Nullsv;
@@ -2403,13 +2991,19 @@ yylex()
            nextval[nexttoke].opval = (OP*)newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSVpv(" ",1));
            force_next(THING);
            force_next('(');
-           LOP(OP_SPLIT);
+           yylval.ival = OP_SPLIT;
+           CLINE;
+           expect = XTERM;
+           bufptr = s;
+           last_lop = oldbufptr;
+           last_lop_op = OP_SPLIT;
+           return FUNC;
 
        case KEY_qq:
            s = scan_str(s);
            if (!s)
-               missingterm(0);
-           yylval.ival = OP_SCALAR;
+               missingterm((char*)0);
+           yylval.ival = OP_STRINGIFY;
            if (SvIVX(lex_stuff) == '\'')
                SvIVX(lex_stuff) = 0;   /* qq'$foo' should intepolate */
            TERM(sublex_start());
@@ -2417,7 +3011,7 @@ yylex()
        case KEY_qx:
            s = scan_str(s);
            if (!s)
-               missingterm(0);
+               missingterm((char*)0);
            yylval.ival = OP_BACKTICK;
            set_csh();
            TERM(sublex_start());
@@ -2426,18 +3020,23 @@ yylex()
            OLDLOP(OP_RETURN);
 
        case KEY_require:
-           s = force_word(s,WORD,TRUE,FALSE);
+           *tokenbuf = '\0';
+           s = force_word(s,WORD,TRUE,TRUE,FALSE);
+           if (isIDFIRST(*tokenbuf))
+               gv_stashpv(tokenbuf, TRUE);
+           else if (*s == '<')
+               yyerror("<> should be quotes");
            UNI(OP_REQUIRE);
 
        case KEY_reset:
            UNI(OP_RESET);
 
        case KEY_redo:
-           s = force_word(s,WORD,TRUE,FALSE);
+           s = force_word(s,WORD,TRUE,FALSE,FALSE);
            LOOPX(OP_REDO);
 
        case KEY_rename:
-           LOP(OP_RENAME);
+           LOP(OP_RENAME,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_rand:
            UNI(OP_RAND);
@@ -2446,10 +3045,10 @@ yylex()
            UNI(OP_RMDIR);
 
        case KEY_rindex:
-           LOP(OP_RINDEX);
+           LOP(OP_RINDEX,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_read:
-           LOP(OP_READ);
+           LOP(OP_READ,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_readdir:
            UNI(OP_READDIR);
@@ -2466,10 +3065,10 @@ yylex()
            UNI(OP_REWINDDIR);
 
        case KEY_recv:
-           LOP(OP_RECV);
+           LOP(OP_RECV,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_reverse:
-           LOP(OP_REVERSE);
+           LOP(OP_REVERSE,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_readlink:
            UNI(OP_READLINK);
@@ -2484,32 +3083,35 @@ yylex()
            else
                TOKEN(1);       /* force error */
 
+       case KEY_chomp:
+           UNI(OP_CHOMP);
+           
        case KEY_scalar:
            UNI(OP_SCALAR);
 
        case KEY_select:
-           LOP(OP_SELECT);
+           LOP(OP_SELECT,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_seek:
-           LOP(OP_SEEK);
+           LOP(OP_SEEK,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_semctl:
-           LOP(OP_SEMCTL);
+           LOP(OP_SEMCTL,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_semget:
-           LOP(OP_SEMGET);
+           LOP(OP_SEMGET,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_semop:
-           LOP(OP_SEMOP);
+           LOP(OP_SEMOP,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_send:
-           LOP(OP_SEND);
+           LOP(OP_SEND,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_setpgrp:
-           LOP(OP_SETPGRP);
+           LOP(OP_SETPGRP,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_setpriority:
-           LOP(OP_SETPRIORITY);
+           LOP(OP_SETPRIORITY,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_sethostent:
            FUN1(OP_SHOSTENT);
@@ -2530,28 +3132,28 @@ yylex()
            FUN0(OP_SGRENT);
 
        case KEY_seekdir:
-           LOP(OP_SEEKDIR);
+           LOP(OP_SEEKDIR,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_setsockopt:
-           LOP(OP_SSOCKOPT);
+           LOP(OP_SSOCKOPT,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_shift:
            UNI(OP_SHIFT);
 
        case KEY_shmctl:
-           LOP(OP_SHMCTL);
+           LOP(OP_SHMCTL,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_shmget:
-           LOP(OP_SHMGET);
+           LOP(OP_SHMGET,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_shmread:
-           LOP(OP_SHMREAD);
+           LOP(OP_SHMREAD,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_shmwrite:
-           LOP(OP_SHMWRITE);
+           LOP(OP_SHMWRITE,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_shutdown:
-           LOP(OP_SHUTDOWN);
+           LOP(OP_SHUTDOWN,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_sin:
            UNI(OP_SIN);
@@ -2560,10 +3162,10 @@ yylex()
            UNI(OP_SLEEP);
 
        case KEY_socket:
-           LOP(OP_SOCKET);
+           LOP(OP_SOCKET,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_socketpair:
-           LOP(OP_SOCKPAIR);
+           LOP(OP_SOCKPAIR,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_sort:
            checkcomma(s,tokenbuf,"subroutine name");
@@ -2571,17 +3173,17 @@ yylex()
            if (*s == ';' || *s == ')')         /* probably a close */
                croak("sort is now a reserved word");
            expect = XTERM;
-           s = force_word(s,WORD,TRUE,TRUE);
-           LOP(OP_SORT);
+           s = force_word(s,WORD,TRUE,TRUE,TRUE);
+           LOP(OP_SORT,XREF);
 
        case KEY_split:
-           LOP(OP_SPLIT);
+           LOP(OP_SPLIT,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_sprintf:
-           LOP(OP_SPRINTF);
+           LOP(OP_SPRINTF,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_splice:
-           LOP(OP_SPLICE);
+           LOP(OP_SPLICE,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_sqrt:
            UNI(OP_SQRT);
@@ -2597,19 +3199,16 @@ yylex()
            UNI(OP_STUDY);
 
        case KEY_substr:
-           LOP(OP_SUBSTR);
+           LOP(OP_SUBSTR,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_format:
        case KEY_sub:
          really_sub:
-           yylval.ival = start_subparse();
            s = skipspace(s);
-           if (tmp == KEY_format)
-               expect = XTERM;
-           else
-               expect = XBLOCK;
+
            if (isIDFIRST(*s) || *s == '\'' || *s == ':') {
                char tmpbuf[128];
+               expect = XBLOCK;
                d = scan_word(s, tmpbuf, TRUE, &len);
                if (strchr(tmpbuf, ':'))
                    sv_setpv(subname, tmpbuf);
@@ -2618,33 +3217,67 @@ yylex()
                    sv_catpvn(subname,"::",2);
                    sv_catpvn(subname,tmpbuf,len);
                }
-               s = force_word(s,WORD,FALSE,TRUE);
+               s = force_word(s,WORD,FALSE,TRUE,TRUE);
+               s = skipspace(s);
            }
-           else
+           else {
+               expect = XTERMBLOCK;
                sv_setpv(subname,"?");
+           }
 
-           if (tmp != KEY_format)
-               PREBLOCK(SUB);
+           if (tmp == KEY_format) {
+               s = skipspace(s);
+               if (*s == '=')
+                   lex_formbrack = lex_brackets + 1;
+               OPERATOR(FORMAT);
+           }
 
-           in_format = 2;
-           lex_brackets = 0;
-           OPERATOR(FORMAT);
+           /* Look for a prototype */
+           if (*s == '(') {
+               s = scan_str(s);
+               if (!s) {
+                   if (lex_stuff)
+                       SvREFCNT_dec(lex_stuff);
+                   lex_stuff = Nullsv;
+                   croak("Prototype not terminated");
+               }
+               nexttoke++;
+               nextval[1] = nextval[0];
+               nexttype[1] = nexttype[0];
+               nextval[0].opval = (OP*)newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, lex_stuff);
+               nexttype[0] = THING;
+               if (nexttoke == 1) {
+                   lex_defer = lex_state;
+                   lex_expect = expect;
+                   lex_state = LEX_KNOWNEXT;
+               }
+               lex_stuff = Nullsv;
+           }
+
+           if (*SvPV(subname,na) == '?') {
+               sv_setpv(subname,"__ANON__");
+               TOKEN(ANONSUB);
+           }
+           PREBLOCK(SUB);
 
        case KEY_system:
            set_csh();
-           LOP(OP_SYSTEM);
+           LOP(OP_SYSTEM,XREF);
 
        case KEY_symlink:
-           LOP(OP_SYMLINK);
+           LOP(OP_SYMLINK,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_syscall:
-           LOP(OP_SYSCALL);
+           LOP(OP_SYSCALL,XTERM);
+
+       case KEY_sysopen:
+           LOP(OP_SYSOPEN,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_sysread:
-           LOP(OP_SYSREAD);
+           LOP(OP_SYSREAD,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_syswrite:
-           LOP(OP_SYSWRITE);
+           LOP(OP_SYSWRITE,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_tr:
            s = scan_trans(s);
@@ -2657,7 +3290,10 @@ yylex()
            UNI(OP_TELLDIR);
 
        case KEY_tie:
-           LOP(OP_TIE);
+           LOP(OP_TIE,XTERM);
+
+       case KEY_tied:
+           UNI(OP_TIED);
 
        case KEY_time:
            FUN0(OP_TIME);
@@ -2666,7 +3302,7 @@ yylex()
            FUN0(OP_TMS);
 
        case KEY_truncate:
-           LOP(OP_TRUNCATE);
+           LOP(OP_TRUNCATE,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_uc:
            UNI(OP_UC);
@@ -2686,50 +3322,61 @@ yylex()
            OPERATOR(UNLESS);
 
        case KEY_unlink:
-           LOP(OP_UNLINK);
+           LOP(OP_UNLINK,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_undef:
            UNI(OP_UNDEF);
 
        case KEY_unpack:
-           LOP(OP_UNPACK);
+           LOP(OP_UNPACK,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_utime:
-           LOP(OP_UTIME);
+           LOP(OP_UTIME,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_umask:
-           s = skipspace(s);
-           if (dowarn && *s != '0' && isDIGIT(*s))
-               warn("umask: argument is missing initial 0");
+           if (dowarn) {
+               for (d = s; d < bufend && (isSPACE(*d) || *d == '('); d++) ;
+               if (*d != '0' && isDIGIT(*d))
+                   yywarn("umask: argument is missing initial 0");
+           }
            UNI(OP_UMASK);
 
        case KEY_unshift:
-           LOP(OP_UNSHIFT);
+           LOP(OP_UNSHIFT,XTERM);
+
+       case KEY_use:
+           if (expect != XSTATE)
+               yyerror("\"use\" not allowed in expression");
+           s = force_word(s,WORD,FALSE,TRUE,FALSE);
+           yylval.ival = 1;
+           OPERATOR(USE);
 
        case KEY_values:
            UNI(OP_VALUES);
 
        case KEY_vec:
            sawvec = TRUE;
-           LOP(OP_VEC);
+           LOP(OP_VEC,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_while:
            yylval.ival = curcop->cop_line;
            OPERATOR(WHILE);
 
        case KEY_warn:
-           LOP(OP_WARN);
+           hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
+           LOP(OP_WARN,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_wait:
            FUN0(OP_WAIT);
 
        case KEY_waitpid:
-           LOP(OP_WAITPID);
+           LOP(OP_WAITPID,XTERM);
 
        case KEY_wantarray:
            FUN0(OP_WANTARRAY);
 
        case KEY_write:
+           gv_fetchpv("\f",TRUE, SVt_PV);      /* Make sure $^L is defined */
            UNI(OP_ENTERWRITE);
 
        case KEY_x:
@@ -2738,6 +3385,10 @@ yylex()
            check_uni();
            goto just_a_word;
 
+       case KEY_xor:
+           yylval.ival = OP_XOR;
+           OPERATOR(OROP);
+
        case KEY_y:
            s = scan_trans(s);
            TERM(sublex_start());
@@ -2753,8 +3404,9 @@ I32 len;
     switch (*d) {
     case '_':
        if (d[1] == '_') {
-           if (strEQ(d,"__LINE__"))            return KEY___LINE__;
-           if (strEQ(d,"__FILE__"))            return KEY___FILE__;
+           if (strEQ(d,"__LINE__"))            return -KEY___LINE__;
+           if (strEQ(d,"__FILE__"))            return -KEY___FILE__;
+           if (strEQ(d,"__DATA__"))            return KEY___DATA__;
            if (strEQ(d,"__END__"))             return KEY___END__;
        }
        break;
@@ -2764,15 +3416,15 @@ I32 len;
     case 'a':
        switch (len) {
        case 3:
-           if (strEQ(d,"and"))                 return KEY_and;
-           if (strEQ(d,"abs"))                 return KEY_abs;
+           if (strEQ(d,"and"))                 return -KEY_and;
+           if (strEQ(d,"abs"))                 return -KEY_abs;
            break;
        case 5:
-           if (strEQ(d,"alarm"))               return KEY_alarm;
-           if (strEQ(d,"atan2"))               return KEY_atan2;
+           if (strEQ(d,"alarm"))               return -KEY_alarm;
+           if (strEQ(d,"atan2"))               return -KEY_atan2;
            break;
        case 6:
-           if (strEQ(d,"accept"))              return KEY_accept;
+           if (strEQ(d,"accept"))              return -KEY_accept;
            break;
        }
        break;
@@ -2780,37 +3432,41 @@ I32 len;
        if (strEQ(d,"BEGIN"))                   return KEY_BEGIN;
        break;
     case 'b':
-       if (strEQ(d,"bless"))                   return KEY_bless;
-       if (strEQ(d,"bind"))                    return KEY_bind;
-       if (strEQ(d,"binmode"))                 return KEY_binmode;
+       if (strEQ(d,"bless"))                   return -KEY_bless;
+       if (strEQ(d,"bind"))                    return -KEY_bind;
+       if (strEQ(d,"binmode"))                 return -KEY_binmode;
+       break;
+    case 'C':
+       if (strEQ(d,"CORE"))                    return -KEY_CORE;
        break;
     case 'c':
        switch (len) {
        case 3:
-           if (strEQ(d,"cmp"))                 return KEY_cmp;
-           if (strEQ(d,"chr"))                 return KEY_chr;
-           if (strEQ(d,"cos"))                 return KEY_cos;
+           if (strEQ(d,"cmp"))                 return -KEY_cmp;
+           if (strEQ(d,"chr"))                 return -KEY_chr;
+           if (strEQ(d,"cos"))                 return -KEY_cos;
            break;
        case 4:
            if (strEQ(d,"chop"))                return KEY_chop;
            break;
        case 5:
-           if (strEQ(d,"close"))               return KEY_close;
-           if (strEQ(d,"chdir"))               return KEY_chdir;
-           if (strEQ(d,"chmod"))               return KEY_chmod;
-           if (strEQ(d,"chown"))               return KEY_chown;
-           if (strEQ(d,"crypt"))               return KEY_crypt;
+           if (strEQ(d,"close"))               return -KEY_close;
+           if (strEQ(d,"chdir"))               return -KEY_chdir;
+           if (strEQ(d,"chomp"))               return KEY_chomp;
+           if (strEQ(d,"chmod"))               return -KEY_chmod;
+           if (strEQ(d,"chown"))               return -KEY_chown;
+           if (strEQ(d,"crypt"))               return -KEY_crypt;
            break;
        case 6:
-           if (strEQ(d,"chroot"))              return KEY_chroot;
-           if (strEQ(d,"caller"))              return KEY_caller;
+           if (strEQ(d,"chroot"))              return -KEY_chroot;
+           if (strEQ(d,"caller"))              return -KEY_caller;
            break;
        case 7:
-           if (strEQ(d,"connect"))             return KEY_connect;
+           if (strEQ(d,"connect"))             return -KEY_connect;
            break;
        case 8:
-           if (strEQ(d,"closedir"))            return KEY_closedir;
-           if (strEQ(d,"continue"))            return KEY_continue;
+           if (strEQ(d,"closedir"))            return -KEY_closedir;
+           if (strEQ(d,"continue"))            return -KEY_continue;
            break;
        }
        break;
@@ -2823,59 +3479,63 @@ I32 len;
            if (strEQ(d,"do"))                  return KEY_do;
            break;
        case 3:
-           if (strEQ(d,"die"))                 return KEY_die;
+           if (strEQ(d,"die"))                 return -KEY_die;
            break;
        case 4:
-           if (strEQ(d,"dump"))                return KEY_dump;
+           if (strEQ(d,"dump"))                return -KEY_dump;
            break;
        case 6:
            if (strEQ(d,"delete"))              return KEY_delete;
            break;
        case 7:
            if (strEQ(d,"defined"))             return KEY_defined;
-           if (strEQ(d,"dbmopen"))             return KEY_dbmopen;
+           if (strEQ(d,"dbmopen"))             return -KEY_dbmopen;
            break;
        case 8:
-           if (strEQ(d,"dbmclose"))            return KEY_dbmclose;
+           if (strEQ(d,"dbmclose"))            return -KEY_dbmclose;
            break;
        }
        break;
     case 'E':
-       if (strEQ(d,"EQ"))                      return KEY_eq;
+       if (strEQ(d,"EQ")) { deprecate(d);      return -KEY_eq;}
        if (strEQ(d,"END"))                     return KEY_END;
        break;
     case 'e':
        switch (len) {
        case 2:
-           if (strEQ(d,"eq"))                  return KEY_eq;
+           if (strEQ(d,"eq"))                  return -KEY_eq;
            break;
        case 3:
-           if (strEQ(d,"eof"))                 return KEY_eof;
-           if (strEQ(d,"exp"))                 return KEY_exp;
+           if (strEQ(d,"eof"))                 return -KEY_eof;
+           if (strEQ(d,"exp"))                 return -KEY_exp;
            break;
        case 4:
            if (strEQ(d,"else"))                return KEY_else;
-           if (strEQ(d,"exit"))                return KEY_exit;
+           if (strEQ(d,"exit"))                return -KEY_exit;
            if (strEQ(d,"eval"))                return KEY_eval;
-           if (strEQ(d,"exec"))                return KEY_exec;
+           if (strEQ(d,"exec"))                return -KEY_exec;
            if (strEQ(d,"each"))                return KEY_each;
            break;
        case 5:
            if (strEQ(d,"elsif"))               return KEY_elsif;
            break;
+       case 6:
+           if (strEQ(d,"exists"))              return KEY_exists;
+           if (strEQ(d,"elseif")) warn("elseif should be elsif");
+           break;
        case 8:
-           if (strEQ(d,"endgrent"))            return KEY_endgrent;
-           if (strEQ(d,"endpwent"))            return KEY_endpwent;
+           if (strEQ(d,"endgrent"))            return -KEY_endgrent;
+           if (strEQ(d,"endpwent"))            return -KEY_endpwent;
            break;
        case 9:
-           if (strEQ(d,"endnetent"))           return KEY_endnetent;
+           if (strEQ(d,"endnetent"))           return -KEY_endnetent;
            break;
        case 10:
-           if (strEQ(d,"endhostent"))          return KEY_endhostent;
-           if (strEQ(d,"endservent"))          return KEY_endservent;
+           if (strEQ(d,"endhostent"))          return -KEY_endhostent;
+           if (strEQ(d,"endservent"))          return -KEY_endservent;
            break;
        case 11:
-           if (strEQ(d,"endprotoent"))         return KEY_endprotoent;
+           if (strEQ(d,"endprotoent"))         return -KEY_endprotoent;
            break;
        }
        break;
@@ -2885,28 +3545,28 @@ I32 len;
            if (strEQ(d,"for"))                 return KEY_for;
            break;
        case 4:
-           if (strEQ(d,"fork"))                return KEY_fork;
+           if (strEQ(d,"fork"))                return -KEY_fork;
            break;
        case 5:
-           if (strEQ(d,"fcntl"))               return KEY_fcntl;
-           if (strEQ(d,"flock"))               return KEY_flock;
+           if (strEQ(d,"fcntl"))               return -KEY_fcntl;
+           if (strEQ(d,"flock"))               return -KEY_flock;
            break;
        case 6:
            if (strEQ(d,"format"))              return KEY_format;
-           if (strEQ(d,"fileno"))              return KEY_fileno;
+           if (strEQ(d,"fileno"))              return -KEY_fileno;
            break;
        case 7:
            if (strEQ(d,"foreach"))             return KEY_foreach;
            break;
        case 8:
-           if (strEQ(d,"formline"))            return KEY_formline;
+           if (strEQ(d,"formline"))            return -KEY_formline;
            break;
        }
        break;
     case 'G':
        if (len == 2) {
-           if (strEQ(d,"GT"))                  return KEY_gt;
-           if (strEQ(d,"GE"))                  return KEY_ge;
+           if (strEQ(d,"GT")) { deprecate(d);  return -KEY_gt;}
+           if (strEQ(d,"GE")) { deprecate(d);  return -KEY_ge;}
        }
        break;
     case 'g':
@@ -2915,72 +3575,72 @@ I32 len;
            if (*d == 'p') {
                switch (len) {
                case 7:
-                   if (strEQ(d,"ppid"))        return KEY_getppid;
-                   if (strEQ(d,"pgrp"))        return KEY_getpgrp;
+                   if (strEQ(d,"ppid"))        return -KEY_getppid;
+                   if (strEQ(d,"pgrp"))        return -KEY_getpgrp;
                    break;
                case 8:
-                   if (strEQ(d,"pwent"))       return KEY_getpwent;
-                   if (strEQ(d,"pwnam"))       return KEY_getpwnam;
-                   if (strEQ(d,"pwuid"))       return KEY_getpwuid;
+                   if (strEQ(d,"pwent"))       return -KEY_getpwent;
+                   if (strEQ(d,"pwnam"))       return -KEY_getpwnam;
+                   if (strEQ(d,"pwuid"))       return -KEY_getpwuid;
                    break;
                case 11:
-                   if (strEQ(d,"peername"))    return KEY_getpeername;
-                   if (strEQ(d,"protoent"))    return KEY_getprotoent;
-                   if (strEQ(d,"priority"))    return KEY_getpriority;
+                   if (strEQ(d,"peername"))    return -KEY_getpeername;
+                   if (strEQ(d,"protoent"))    return -KEY_getprotoent;
+                   if (strEQ(d,"priority"))    return -KEY_getpriority;
                    break;
                case 14:
-                   if (strEQ(d,"protobyname")) return KEY_getprotobyname;
+                   if (strEQ(d,"protobyname")) return -KEY_getprotobyname;
                    break;
                case 16:
-                   if (strEQ(d,"protobynumber"))return KEY_getprotobynumber;
+                   if (strEQ(d,"protobynumber"))return -KEY_getprotobynumber;
                    break;
                }
            }
            else if (*d == 'h') {
-               if (strEQ(d,"hostbyname"))      return KEY_gethostbyname;
-               if (strEQ(d,"hostbyaddr"))      return KEY_gethostbyaddr;
-               if (strEQ(d,"hostent"))         return KEY_gethostent;
+               if (strEQ(d,"hostbyname"))      return -KEY_gethostbyname;
+               if (strEQ(d,"hostbyaddr"))      return -KEY_gethostbyaddr;
+               if (strEQ(d,"hostent"))         return -KEY_gethostent;
            }
            else if (*d == 'n') {
-               if (strEQ(d,"netbyname"))       return KEY_getnetbyname;
-               if (strEQ(d,"netbyaddr"))       return KEY_getnetbyaddr;
-               if (strEQ(d,"netent"))          return KEY_getnetent;
+               if (strEQ(d,"netbyname"))       return -KEY_getnetbyname;
+               if (strEQ(d,"netbyaddr"))       return -KEY_getnetbyaddr;
+               if (strEQ(d,"netent"))          return -KEY_getnetent;
            }
            else if (*d == 's') {
-               if (strEQ(d,"servbyname"))      return KEY_getservbyname;
-               if (strEQ(d,"servbyport"))      return KEY_getservbyport;
-               if (strEQ(d,"servent"))         return KEY_getservent;
-               if (strEQ(d,"sockname"))        return KEY_getsockname;
-               if (strEQ(d,"sockopt"))         return KEY_getsockopt;
+               if (strEQ(d,"servbyname"))      return -KEY_getservbyname;
+               if (strEQ(d,"servbyport"))      return -KEY_getservbyport;
+               if (strEQ(d,"servent"))         return -KEY_getservent;
+               if (strEQ(d,"sockname"))        return -KEY_getsockname;
+               if (strEQ(d,"sockopt"))         return -KEY_getsockopt;
            }
            else if (*d == 'g') {
-               if (strEQ(d,"grent"))           return KEY_getgrent;
-               if (strEQ(d,"grnam"))           return KEY_getgrnam;
-               if (strEQ(d,"grgid"))           return KEY_getgrgid;
+               if (strEQ(d,"grent"))           return -KEY_getgrent;
+               if (strEQ(d,"grnam"))           return -KEY_getgrnam;
+               if (strEQ(d,"grgid"))           return -KEY_getgrgid;
            }
            else if (*d == 'l') {
-               if (strEQ(d,"login"))           return KEY_getlogin;
+               if (strEQ(d,"login"))           return -KEY_getlogin;
            }
-           else if (strEQ(d,"c"))              return KEY_getc;
+           else if (strEQ(d,"c"))              return -KEY_getc;
            break;
        }
        switch (len) {
        case 2:
-           if (strEQ(d,"gt"))                  return KEY_gt;
-           if (strEQ(d,"ge"))                  return KEY_ge;
+           if (strEQ(d,"gt"))                  return -KEY_gt;
+           if (strEQ(d,"ge"))                  return -KEY_ge;
            break;
        case 4:
            if (strEQ(d,"grep"))                return KEY_grep;
            if (strEQ(d,"goto"))                return KEY_goto;
-           if (strEQ(d,"glob"))                return KEY_glob;
+           if (strEQ(d,"glob"))                return -KEY_glob;
            break;
        case 6:
-           if (strEQ(d,"gmtime"))              return KEY_gmtime;
+           if (strEQ(d,"gmtime"))              return -KEY_gmtime;
            break;
        }
        break;
     case 'h':
-       if (strEQ(d,"hex"))                     return KEY_hex;
+       if (strEQ(d,"hex"))                     return -KEY_hex;
        break;
     case 'i':
        switch (len) {
@@ -2988,56 +3648,56 @@ I32 len;
            if (strEQ(d,"if"))                  return KEY_if;
            break;
        case 3:
-           if (strEQ(d,"int"))                 return KEY_int;
+           if (strEQ(d,"int"))                 return -KEY_int;
            break;
        case 5:
-           if (strEQ(d,"index"))               return KEY_index;
-           if (strEQ(d,"ioctl"))               return KEY_ioctl;
+           if (strEQ(d,"index"))               return -KEY_index;
+           if (strEQ(d,"ioctl"))               return -KEY_ioctl;
            break;
        }
        break;
     case 'j':
-       if (strEQ(d,"join"))                    return KEY_join;
+       if (strEQ(d,"join"))                    return -KEY_join;
        break;
     case 'k':
        if (len == 4) {
            if (strEQ(d,"keys"))                return KEY_keys;
-           if (strEQ(d,"kill"))                return KEY_kill;
+           if (strEQ(d,"kill"))                return -KEY_kill;
        }
        break;
     case 'L':
        if (len == 2) {
-           if (strEQ(d,"LT"))                  return KEY_lt;
-           if (strEQ(d,"LE"))                  return KEY_le;
+           if (strEQ(d,"LT")) { deprecate(d);  return -KEY_lt;}
+           if (strEQ(d,"LE")) { deprecate(d);  return -KEY_le;}
        }
        break;
     case 'l':
        switch (len) {
        case 2:
-           if (strEQ(d,"lt"))                  return KEY_lt;
-           if (strEQ(d,"le"))                  return KEY_le;
-           if (strEQ(d,"lc"))                  return KEY_lc;
+           if (strEQ(d,"lt"))                  return -KEY_lt;
+           if (strEQ(d,"le"))                  return -KEY_le;
+           if (strEQ(d,"lc"))                  return -KEY_lc;
            break;
        case 3:
-           if (strEQ(d,"log"))                 return KEY_log;
+           if (strEQ(d,"log"))                 return -KEY_log;
            break;
        case 4:
            if (strEQ(d,"last"))                return KEY_last;
-           if (strEQ(d,"link"))                return KEY_link;
+           if (strEQ(d,"link"))                return -KEY_link;
            break;
        case 5:
            if (strEQ(d,"local"))               return KEY_local;
-           if (strEQ(d,"lstat"))               return KEY_lstat;
+           if (strEQ(d,"lstat"))               return -KEY_lstat;
            break;
        case 6:
-           if (strEQ(d,"length"))              return KEY_length;
-           if (strEQ(d,"listen"))              return KEY_listen;
+           if (strEQ(d,"length"))              return -KEY_length;
+           if (strEQ(d,"listen"))              return -KEY_listen;
            break;
        case 7:
-           if (strEQ(d,"lcfirst"))             return KEY_lcfirst;
+           if (strEQ(d,"lcfirst"))             return -KEY_lcfirst;
            break;
        case 9:
-           if (strEQ(d,"localtime"))           return KEY_localtime;
+           if (strEQ(d,"localtime"))           return -KEY_localtime;
            break;
        }
        break;
@@ -3047,38 +3707,43 @@ I32 len;
        case 2:
            if (strEQ(d,"my"))                  return KEY_my;
            break;
+       case 3:
+           if (strEQ(d,"map"))                 return KEY_map;
+           break;
        case 5:
-           if (strEQ(d,"mkdir"))               return KEY_mkdir;
+           if (strEQ(d,"mkdir"))               return -KEY_mkdir;
            break;
        case 6:
-           if (strEQ(d,"msgctl"))              return KEY_msgctl;
-           if (strEQ(d,"msgget"))              return KEY_msgget;
-           if (strEQ(d,"msgrcv"))              return KEY_msgrcv;
-           if (strEQ(d,"msgsnd"))              return KEY_msgsnd;
+           if (strEQ(d,"msgctl"))              return -KEY_msgctl;
+           if (strEQ(d,"msgget"))              return -KEY_msgget;
+           if (strEQ(d,"msgrcv"))              return -KEY_msgrcv;
+           if (strEQ(d,"msgsnd"))              return -KEY_msgsnd;
            break;
        }
        break;
     case 'N':
-       if (strEQ(d,"NE"))                      return KEY_ne;
+       if (strEQ(d,"NE")) { deprecate(d);      return -KEY_ne;}
        break;
     case 'n':
        if (strEQ(d,"next"))                    return KEY_next;
-       if (strEQ(d,"ne"))                      return KEY_ne;
+       if (strEQ(d,"ne"))                      return -KEY_ne;
+       if (strEQ(d,"not"))                     return -KEY_not;
+       if (strEQ(d,"no"))                      return KEY_no;
        break;
     case 'o':
        switch (len) {
        case 2:
-           if (strEQ(d,"or"))                  return KEY_or;
+           if (strEQ(d,"or"))                  return -KEY_or;
            break;
        case 3:
-           if (strEQ(d,"ord"))                 return KEY_ord;
-           if (strEQ(d,"oct"))                 return KEY_oct;
+           if (strEQ(d,"ord"))                 return -KEY_ord;
+           if (strEQ(d,"oct"))                 return -KEY_oct;
            break;
        case 4:
-           if (strEQ(d,"open"))                return KEY_open;
+           if (strEQ(d,"open"))                return -KEY_open;
            break;
        case 7:
-           if (strEQ(d,"opendir"))             return KEY_opendir;
+           if (strEQ(d,"opendir"))             return -KEY_opendir;
            break;
        }
        break;
@@ -3086,11 +3751,12 @@ I32 len;
        switch (len) {
        case 3:
            if (strEQ(d,"pop"))                 return KEY_pop;
+           if (strEQ(d,"pos"))                 return KEY_pos;
            break;
        case 4:
            if (strEQ(d,"push"))                return KEY_push;
-           if (strEQ(d,"pack"))                return KEY_pack;
-           if (strEQ(d,"pipe"))                return KEY_pipe;
+           if (strEQ(d,"pack"))                return -KEY_pack;
+           if (strEQ(d,"pipe"))                return -KEY_pipe;
            break;
        case 5:
            if (strEQ(d,"print"))               return KEY_print;
@@ -3101,6 +3767,8 @@ I32 len;
        case 7:
            if (strEQ(d,"package"))             return KEY_package;
            break;
+       case 9:
+           if (strEQ(d,"prototype"))           return KEY_prototype;
        }
        break;
     case 'q':
@@ -3110,39 +3778,40 @@ I32 len;
            if (strEQ(d,"qw"))                  return KEY_qw;
            if (strEQ(d,"qx"))                  return KEY_qx;
        }
+       else if (strEQ(d,"quotemeta"))          return -KEY_quotemeta;
        break;
     case 'r':
        switch (len) {
        case 3:
-           if (strEQ(d,"ref"))                 return KEY_ref;
+           if (strEQ(d,"ref"))                 return -KEY_ref;
            break;
        case 4:
-           if (strEQ(d,"read"))                return KEY_read;
-           if (strEQ(d,"rand"))                return KEY_rand;
-           if (strEQ(d,"recv"))                return KEY_recv;
+           if (strEQ(d,"read"))                return -KEY_read;
+           if (strEQ(d,"rand"))                return -KEY_rand;
+           if (strEQ(d,"recv"))                return -KEY_recv;
            if (strEQ(d,"redo"))                return KEY_redo;
            break;
        case 5:
-           if (strEQ(d,"rmdir"))               return KEY_rmdir;
-           if (strEQ(d,"reset"))               return KEY_reset;
+           if (strEQ(d,"rmdir"))               return -KEY_rmdir;
+           if (strEQ(d,"reset"))               return -KEY_reset;
            break;
        case 6:
            if (strEQ(d,"return"))              return KEY_return;
-           if (strEQ(d,"rename"))              return KEY_rename;
-           if (strEQ(d,"rindex"))              return KEY_rindex;
+           if (strEQ(d,"rename"))              return -KEY_rename;
+           if (strEQ(d,"rindex"))              return -KEY_rindex;
            break;
        case 7:
-           if (strEQ(d,"require"))             return KEY_require;
-           if (strEQ(d,"reverse"))             return KEY_reverse;
-           if (strEQ(d,"readdir"))             return KEY_readdir;
+           if (strEQ(d,"require"))             return -KEY_require;
+           if (strEQ(d,"reverse"))             return -KEY_reverse;
+           if (strEQ(d,"readdir"))             return -KEY_readdir;
            break;
        case 8:
-           if (strEQ(d,"readlink"))            return KEY_readlink;
-           if (strEQ(d,"readline"))            return KEY_readline;
-           if (strEQ(d,"readpipe"))            return KEY_readpipe;
+           if (strEQ(d,"readlink"))            return -KEY_readlink;
+           if (strEQ(d,"readline"))            return -KEY_readline;
+           if (strEQ(d,"readpipe"))            return -KEY_readpipe;
            break;
        case 9:
-           if (strEQ(d,"rewinddir"))           return KEY_rewinddir;
+           if (strEQ(d,"rewinddir"))           return -KEY_rewinddir;
            break;
        }
        break;
@@ -3155,36 +3824,36 @@ I32 len;
        case 'e':
            switch (len) {
            case 4:
-               if (strEQ(d,"seek"))            return KEY_seek;
-               if (strEQ(d,"send"))            return KEY_send;
+               if (strEQ(d,"seek"))            return -KEY_seek;
+               if (strEQ(d,"send"))            return -KEY_send;
                break;
            case 5:
-               if (strEQ(d,"semop"))           return KEY_semop;
+               if (strEQ(d,"semop"))           return -KEY_semop;
                break;
            case 6:
-               if (strEQ(d,"select"))          return KEY_select;
-               if (strEQ(d,"semctl"))          return KEY_semctl;
-               if (strEQ(d,"semget"))          return KEY_semget;
+               if (strEQ(d,"select"))          return -KEY_select;
+               if (strEQ(d,"semctl"))          return -KEY_semctl;
+               if (strEQ(d,"semget"))          return -KEY_semget;
                break;
            case 7:
-               if (strEQ(d,"setpgrp"))         return KEY_setpgrp;
-               if (strEQ(d,"seekdir"))         return KEY_seekdir;
+               if (strEQ(d,"setpgrp"))         return -KEY_setpgrp;
+               if (strEQ(d,"seekdir"))         return -KEY_seekdir;
                break;
            case 8:
-               if (strEQ(d,"setpwent"))        return KEY_setpwent;
-               if (strEQ(d,"setgrent"))        return KEY_setgrent;
+               if (strEQ(d,"setpwent"))        return -KEY_setpwent;
+               if (strEQ(d,"setgrent"))        return -KEY_setgrent;
                break;
            case 9:
-               if (strEQ(d,"setnetent"))       return KEY_setnetent;
+               if (strEQ(d,"setnetent"))       return -KEY_setnetent;
                break;
            case 10:
-               if (strEQ(d,"setsockopt"))      return KEY_setsockopt;
-               if (strEQ(d,"sethostent"))      return KEY_sethostent;
-               if (strEQ(d,"setservent"))      return KEY_setservent;
+               if (strEQ(d,"setsockopt"))      return -KEY_setsockopt;
+               if (strEQ(d,"sethostent"))      return -KEY_sethostent;
+               if (strEQ(d,"setservent"))      return -KEY_setservent;
                break;
            case 11:
-               if (strEQ(d,"setpriority"))     return KEY_setpriority;
-               if (strEQ(d,"setprotoent"))     return KEY_setprotoent;
+               if (strEQ(d,"setpriority"))     return -KEY_setpriority;
+               if (strEQ(d,"setprotoent"))     return -KEY_setprotoent;
                break;
            }
            break;
@@ -3194,60 +3863,61 @@ I32 len;
                if (strEQ(d,"shift"))           return KEY_shift;
                break;
            case 6:
-               if (strEQ(d,"shmctl"))          return KEY_shmctl;
-               if (strEQ(d,"shmget"))          return KEY_shmget;
+               if (strEQ(d,"shmctl"))          return -KEY_shmctl;
+               if (strEQ(d,"shmget"))          return -KEY_shmget;
                break;
            case 7:
-               if (strEQ(d,"shmread"))         return KEY_shmread;
+               if (strEQ(d,"shmread"))         return -KEY_shmread;
                break;
            case 8:
-               if (strEQ(d,"shmwrite"))        return KEY_shmwrite;
-               if (strEQ(d,"shutdown"))        return KEY_shutdown;
+               if (strEQ(d,"shmwrite"))        return -KEY_shmwrite;
+               if (strEQ(d,"shutdown"))        return -KEY_shutdown;
                break;
            }
            break;
        case 'i':
-           if (strEQ(d,"sin"))                 return KEY_sin;
+           if (strEQ(d,"sin"))                 return -KEY_sin;
            break;
        case 'l':
-           if (strEQ(d,"sleep"))               return KEY_sleep;
+           if (strEQ(d,"sleep"))               return -KEY_sleep;
            break;
        case 'o':
            if (strEQ(d,"sort"))                return KEY_sort;
-           if (strEQ(d,"socket"))              return KEY_socket;
-           if (strEQ(d,"socketpair"))          return KEY_socketpair;
+           if (strEQ(d,"socket"))              return -KEY_socket;
+           if (strEQ(d,"socketpair"))          return -KEY_socketpair;
            break;
        case 'p':
            if (strEQ(d,"split"))               return KEY_split;
-           if (strEQ(d,"sprintf"))             return KEY_sprintf;
+           if (strEQ(d,"sprintf"))             return -KEY_sprintf;
            if (strEQ(d,"splice"))              return KEY_splice;
            break;
        case 'q':
-           if (strEQ(d,"sqrt"))                return KEY_sqrt;
+           if (strEQ(d,"sqrt"))                return -KEY_sqrt;
            break;
        case 'r':
-           if (strEQ(d,"srand"))               return KEY_srand;
+           if (strEQ(d,"srand"))               return -KEY_srand;
            break;
        case 't':
-           if (strEQ(d,"stat"))                return KEY_stat;
+           if (strEQ(d,"stat"))                return -KEY_stat;
            if (strEQ(d,"study"))               return KEY_study;
            break;
        case 'u':
-           if (strEQ(d,"substr"))              return KEY_substr;
+           if (strEQ(d,"substr"))              return -KEY_substr;
            if (strEQ(d,"sub"))                 return KEY_sub;
            break;
        case 'y':
            switch (len) {
            case 6:
-               if (strEQ(d,"system"))          return KEY_system;
+               if (strEQ(d,"system"))          return -KEY_system;
                break;
            case 7:
-               if (strEQ(d,"sysread"))         return KEY_sysread;
-               if (strEQ(d,"symlink"))         return KEY_symlink;
-               if (strEQ(d,"syscall"))         return KEY_syscall;
+               if (strEQ(d,"sysopen"))         return -KEY_sysopen;
+               if (strEQ(d,"sysread"))         return -KEY_sysread;
+               if (strEQ(d,"symlink"))         return -KEY_symlink;
+               if (strEQ(d,"syscall"))         return -KEY_syscall;
                break;
            case 8:
-               if (strEQ(d,"syswrite"))        return KEY_syswrite;
+               if (strEQ(d,"syswrite"))        return -KEY_syswrite;
                break;
            }
            break;
@@ -3262,67 +3932,72 @@ I32 len;
            if (strEQ(d,"tie"))                 return KEY_tie;
            break;
        case 4:
-           if (strEQ(d,"tell"))                return KEY_tell;
-           if (strEQ(d,"time"))                return KEY_time;
+           if (strEQ(d,"tell"))                return -KEY_tell;
+           if (strEQ(d,"tied"))                return KEY_tied;
+           if (strEQ(d,"time"))                return -KEY_time;
            break;
        case 5:
-           if (strEQ(d,"times"))               return KEY_times;
+           if (strEQ(d,"times"))               return -KEY_times;
            break;
        case 7:
-           if (strEQ(d,"telldir"))             return KEY_telldir;
+           if (strEQ(d,"telldir"))             return -KEY_telldir;
            break;
        case 8:
-           if (strEQ(d,"truncate"))            return KEY_truncate;
+           if (strEQ(d,"truncate"))            return -KEY_truncate;
            break;
        }
        break;
     case 'u':
        switch (len) {
        case 2:
-           if (strEQ(d,"uc"))                  return KEY_uc;
+           if (strEQ(d,"uc"))                  return -KEY_uc;
+           break;
+       case 3:
+           if (strEQ(d,"use"))                 return KEY_use;
            break;
        case 5:
            if (strEQ(d,"undef"))               return KEY_undef;
            if (strEQ(d,"until"))               return KEY_until;
            if (strEQ(d,"untie"))               return KEY_untie;
-           if (strEQ(d,"utime"))               return KEY_utime;
-           if (strEQ(d,"umask"))               return KEY_umask;
+           if (strEQ(d,"utime"))               return -KEY_utime;
+           if (strEQ(d,"umask"))               return -KEY_umask;
            break;
        case 6:
            if (strEQ(d,"unless"))              return KEY_unless;
-           if (strEQ(d,"unpack"))              return KEY_unpack;
-           if (strEQ(d,"unlink"))              return KEY_unlink;
+           if (strEQ(d,"unpack"))              return -KEY_unpack;
+           if (strEQ(d,"unlink"))              return -KEY_unlink;
            break;
        case 7:
            if (strEQ(d,"unshift"))             return KEY_unshift;
-           if (strEQ(d,"ucfirst"))             return KEY_ucfirst;
+           if (strEQ(d,"ucfirst"))             return -KEY_ucfirst;
            break;
        }
        break;
     case 'v':
-       if (strEQ(d,"values"))                  return KEY_values;
-       if (strEQ(d,"vec"))                     return KEY_vec;
+       if (strEQ(d,"values"))                  return -KEY_values;
+       if (strEQ(d,"vec"))                     return -KEY_vec;
        break;
     case 'w':
        switch (len) {
        case 4:
-           if (strEQ(d,"warn"))                return KEY_warn;
-           if (strEQ(d,"wait"))                return KEY_wait;
+           if (strEQ(d,"warn"))                return -KEY_warn;
+           if (strEQ(d,"wait"))                return -KEY_wait;
            break;
        case 5:
            if (strEQ(d,"while"))               return KEY_while;
-           if (strEQ(d,"write"))               return KEY_write;
+           if (strEQ(d,"write"))               return -KEY_write;
            break;
        case 7:
-           if (strEQ(d,"waitpid"))             return KEY_waitpid;
+           if (strEQ(d,"waitpid"))             return -KEY_waitpid;
            break;
        case 9:
-           if (strEQ(d,"wantarray"))           return KEY_wantarray;
+           if (strEQ(d,"wantarray"))           return -KEY_wantarray;
            break;
        }
        break;
     case 'x':
-       if (len == 1)                           return KEY_x;
+       if (len == 1)                           return -KEY_x;
+       if (strEQ(d,"xor"))                     return -KEY_xor;
        break;
     case 'y':
        if (len == 1)                           return KEY_y;
@@ -3342,10 +4017,16 @@ char *what;
     char *w;
 
     if (dowarn && *s == ' ' && s[1] == '(') {  /* XXX gotta be a better way */
-       w = strchr(s,')');
-       if (w)
-           for (w++; *w && isSPACE(*w); w++) ;
-       if (!w || !*w || !strchr(";|}", *w))    /* an advisory hack only... */
+       int level = 1;
+       for (w = s+2; *w && level; w++) {
+           if (*w == '(')
+               ++level;
+           else if (*w == ')')
+               --level;
+       }
+       if (*w)
+           for (; *w && isSPACE(*w); w++) ;
+       if (!*w || !strchr(";|})]oa!=", *w))    /* an advisory hack only... */
            warn("%s (...) interpreted as function",name);
     }
     while (s < bufend && isSPACE(*s))
@@ -3363,7 +4044,7 @@ char *what;
        if (*s == ',') {
            int kw;
            *s = '\0';
-           kw = keyword(w, s - w);
+           kw = keyword(w, s - w) || perl_get_cv(w, FALSE) != 0;
            *s = ',';
            if (kw)
                return;
@@ -3409,10 +4090,12 @@ I32 ck_uni;
 {
     register char *d;
     char *bracket = 0;
+    char funny = *s++;
 
     if (lex_brackets == 0)
        lex_fakebrack = 0;
-    s++;
+    if (isSPACE(*s))
+       s = skipspace(s);
     d = dest;
     if (isDIGIT(*s)) {
        while (isDIGIT(*s))
@@ -3427,7 +4110,7 @@ I32 ck_uni;
                *d++ = ':';
                s++;
            }
-           else if (*s == ':' && s[1] == ':' && isIDFIRST(s[2])) {
+           else if (*s == ':' && s[1] == ':') {
                *d++ = *s++;
                *d++ = *s++;
            }
@@ -3442,9 +4125,9 @@ I32 ck_uni;
            lex_state = LEX_INTERPENDMAYBE;
        return s;
     }
-    if (isSPACE(*s) ||
-       (*s == '$' && s[1] && (isALPHA(s[1]) || strchr("$_{", s[1]))))
-           return s;
+    if (*s == '$' && s[1] &&
+      (isALPHA(s[1]) || strchr("$_{", s[1]) || strnEQ(s+1,"::",2)) )
+       return s;
     if (*s == '{') {
        bracket = s;
        s++;
@@ -3454,21 +4137,29 @@ I32 ck_uni;
     if (s < send)
        *d = *s++;
     d[1] = '\0';
-    if (*d == '^' && (isUPPER(*s) || strchr("[\\]^_?", *s))) {
+    if (*d == '^' && *s && (isUPPER(*s) || strchr("[\\]^_?", *s))) {
        *d = *s++ ^ 64;
     }
     if (bracket) {
+       if (isSPACE(s[-1])) {
+           while (s < send && (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t')) s++;
+           *d = *s;
+       }
        if (isALPHA(*d) || *d == '_') {
            d++;
-           while (isALNUM(*s))
+           while (isALNUM(*s) || *s == ':')
                *d++ = *s++;
            *d = '\0';
-           if (*s == '[' || *s == '{') {
-               if (lex_brackets)
-                   croak("Can't use delimiter brackets within expression");
-               lex_fakebrack = TRUE;
+           while (s < send && (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t')) s++;
+           if ((*s == '[' || *s == '{')) {
+               if (dowarn && keyword(dest, d - dest)) {
+                   char *brack = *s == '[' ? "[...]" : "{...}";
+                   warn("Ambiguous use of %c{%s%s} resolved to %c%s%s",
+                       funny, dest, brack, funny, dest, brack);
+               }
+               lex_fakebrack = lex_brackets+1;
                bracket++;
-               lex_brackets++;
+               lex_brackstack[lex_brackets++] = XOPERATOR;
                return s;
            }
        }
@@ -3476,6 +4167,12 @@ I32 ck_uni;
            s++;
            if (lex_state == LEX_INTERPNORMAL && !lex_brackets)
                lex_state = LEX_INTERPEND;
+           if (funny == '#')
+               funny = '@';
+           if (dowarn &&
+             (keyword(dest, d - dest) || perl_get_cv(dest, FALSE)))
+               warn("Ambiguous use of %c{%s} resolved to %c%s",
+                   funny, dest, funny, dest);
        }
        else {
            s = bracket;                /* let the parser handle it */
@@ -3487,89 +4184,24 @@ I32 ck_uni;
     return s;
 }
 
-void
-scan_prefix(pm,string,len)
-PMOP *pm;
-char *string;
-I32 len;
+void pmflag(pmfl,ch)
+U16* pmfl;
+int ch;
 {
-    register SV *tmpstr;
-    register char *t;
-    register char *d;
-    register char *e;
-    char *origstring = string;
-
-    if (ninstr(string, string+len, vert, vert+1))
-       return;
-    if (*string == '^')
-       string++, len--;
-    tmpstr = NEWSV(86,len);
-    sv_upgrade(tmpstr, SVt_PVBM);
-    sv_setpvn(tmpstr,string,len);
-    t = SvPVX(tmpstr);
-    e = t + len;
-    BmUSEFUL(tmpstr) = 100;
-    for (d=t; d < e; ) {
-       switch (*d) {
-       case '{':
-           if (isDIGIT(d[1]))
-               e = d;
-           else
-               goto defchar;
-           break;
-       case '.': case '[': case '$': case '(': case ')': case '|': case '+':
-       case '^':
-           e = d;
-           break;
-       case '\\':
-           if (d[1] && strchr("wWbB0123456789sSdDlLuUExc",d[1])) {
-               e = d;
-               break;
-           }
-           Move(d+1,d,e-d,char);
-           e--;
-           switch(*d) {
-           case 'n':
-               *d = '\n';
-               break;
-           case 't':
-               *d = '\t';
-               break;
-           case 'f':
-               *d = '\f';
-               break;
-           case 'r':
-               *d = '\r';
-               break;
-           case 'e':
-               *d = '\033';
-               break;
-           case 'a':
-               *d = '\007';
-               break;
-           }
-           /* FALL THROUGH */
-       default:
-         defchar:
-           if (d[1] == '*' || (d[1] == '{' && d[2] == '0') || d[1] == '?') {
-               e = d;
-               break;
-           }
-           d++;
-       }
-    }
-    if (d == t) {
-       SvREFCNT_dec(tmpstr);
-       return;
+    if (ch == 'i') {
+       sawi = TRUE;
+       *pmfl |= PMf_FOLD;
     }
-    *d = '\0';
-    SvCUR_set(tmpstr, d - t);
-    if (d == t+len)
-       pm->op_pmflags |= PMf_ALL;
-    if (*origstring != '^')
-       pm->op_pmflags |= PMf_SCANFIRST;
-    pm->op_pmshort = tmpstr;
-    pm->op_pmslen = d - t;
+    else if (ch == 'g')
+       *pmfl |= PMf_GLOBAL;
+    else if (ch == 'o')
+       *pmfl |= PMf_KEEP;
+    else if (ch == 'm')
+       *pmfl |= PMf_MULTILINE;
+    else if (ch == 's')
+       *pmfl |= PMf_SINGLELINE;
+    else if (ch == 'x')
+       *pmfl |= PMf_EXTENDED;
 }
 
 static char *
@@ -3579,8 +4211,6 @@ char *start;
     PMOP *pm;
     char *s;
 
-    multi_start = curcop->cop_line;
-
     s = scan_str(start);
     if (!s) {
        if (lex_stuff)
@@ -3589,25 +4219,13 @@ char *start;
        croak("Search pattern not terminated");
     }
     pm = (PMOP*)newPMOP(OP_MATCH, 0);
-    if (*start == '?')
+    if (multi_open == '?')
        pm->op_pmflags |= PMf_ONCE;
 
-    while (*s == 'i' || *s == 'o' || *s == 'g') {
-       if (*s == 'i') {
-           s++;
-           sawi = TRUE;
-           pm->op_pmflags |= PMf_FOLD;
-       }
-       if (*s == 'o') {
-           s++;
-           pm->op_pmflags |= PMf_KEEP;
-       }
-       if (*s == 'g') {
-           s++;
-           pm->op_pmflags |= PMf_GLOBAL;
-       }
-    }
+    while (*s && strchr("iogmsx", *s))
+       pmflag(&pm->op_pmflags,*s++);
 
+    pm->op_pmpermflags = pm->op_pmflags;
     lex_op = (OP*)pm;
     yylval.ival = OP_MATCH;
     return s;
@@ -3617,14 +4235,13 @@ static char *
 scan_subst(start)
 char *start;
 {
-    register char *s = start;
+    register char *s;
     register PMOP *pm;
     I32 es = 0;
 
-    multi_start = curcop->cop_line;
     yylval.ival = OP_NULL;
 
-    s = scan_str(s);
+    s = scan_str(start);
 
     if (!s) {
        if (lex_stuff)
@@ -3633,7 +4250,7 @@ char *start;
        croak("Substitution pattern not terminated");
     }
 
-    if (s[-1] == *start)
+    if (s[-1] == multi_open)
        s--;
 
     s = scan_str(s);
@@ -3648,24 +4265,13 @@ char *start;
     }
 
     pm = (PMOP*)newPMOP(OP_SUBST, 0);
-    while (*s == 'g' || *s == 'i' || *s == 'e' || *s == 'o') {
+    while (*s && strchr("iogmsex", *s)) {
        if (*s == 'e') {
            s++;
            es++;
        }
-       if (*s == 'g') {
-           s++;
-           pm->op_pmflags |= PMf_GLOBAL;
-       }
-       if (*s == 'i') {
-           s++;
-           sawi = TRUE;
-           pm->op_pmflags |= PMf_FOLD;
-       }
-       if (*s == 'o') {
-           s++;
-           pm->op_pmflags |= PMf_KEEP;
-       }
+       else
+           pmflag(&pm->op_pmflags,*s++);
     }
 
     if (es) {
@@ -3673,7 +4279,7 @@ char *start;
        pm->op_pmflags |= PMf_EVAL;
        repl = newSVpv("",0);
        while (es-- > 0)
-           sv_catpvn(repl, "eval ", 5);
+           sv_catpv(repl, es ? "eval " : "do ");
        sv_catpvn(repl, "{ ", 2);
        sv_catsv(repl, lex_repl);
        sv_catpvn(repl, " };", 2);
@@ -3682,6 +4288,7 @@ char *start;
        lex_repl = repl;
     }
 
+    pm->op_pmpermflags = pm->op_pmflags;
     lex_op = (OP*)pm;
     yylval.ival = OP_SUBST;
     return s;
@@ -3699,6 +4306,7 @@ register PMOP *pm;
        else if (pm->op_pmflags & PMf_FOLD)
            return;
        pm->op_pmshort = SvREFCNT_inc(pm->op_pmregexp->regstart);
+       pm->op_pmslen = SvCUR(pm->op_pmshort);
     }
     else if (pm->op_pmregexp->regmust) {/* is there a better short-circuit? */
        if (pm->op_pmshort &&
@@ -3719,6 +4327,7 @@ register PMOP *pm;
           (SvCUR(pm->op_pmshort) < SvCUR(pm->op_pmregexp->regmust)) )){
            SvREFCNT_dec(pm->op_pmshort);               /* ok if null */
            pm->op_pmshort = pm->op_pmregexp->regmust;
+           pm->op_pmslen = SvCUR(pm->op_pmshort);
            pm->op_pmregexp->regmust = Nullsv;
            pm->op_pmflags |= PMf_SCANFIRST;
        }
@@ -3729,7 +4338,7 @@ static char *
 scan_trans(start)
 char *start;
 {
-    register char *s = start;
+    register char* s;
     OP *op;
     short *tbl;
     I32 squash;
@@ -3738,14 +4347,14 @@ char *start;
 
     yylval.ival = OP_NULL;
 
-    s = scan_str(s);
+    s = scan_str(start);
     if (!s) {
        if (lex_stuff)
            SvREFCNT_dec(lex_stuff);
        lex_stuff = Nullsv;
        croak("Translation pattern not terminated");
     }
-    if (s[-1] == *start)
+    if (s[-1] == multi_open)
        s--;
 
     s = scan_str(s);
@@ -3789,12 +4398,15 @@ register char *s;
     SV *tmpstr;
     char term;
     register char *d;
+    char *peek;
 
     s += 2;
     d = tokenbuf;
     if (!rsfp)
        *d++ = '\n';
-    if (*s && strchr("`'\"",*s)) {
+    for (peek = s; *peek == ' ' || *peek == '\t'; peek++) ;
+    if (*peek && strchr("`'\"",*peek)) {
+       s = peek;
        term = *s++;
        s = cpytill(d,s,bufend,term,&len);
        if (s < bufend)
@@ -3806,6 +4418,8 @@ register char *s;
            s++, term = '\'';
        else
            term = '"';
+       if (!isALNUM(*s))
+           deprecate("bare << to mean <<\"\"");
        while (isALNUM(*s))
            *d++ = *s++;
     }                          /* assuming tokenbuf won't clobber */
@@ -3818,15 +4432,21 @@ register char *s;
     else
        s--, herewas = newSVpv(s,d-s);
     s += SvCUR(herewas);
-    if (term == '\'')
+
+    tmpstr = NEWSV(87,80);
+    sv_upgrade(tmpstr, SVt_PVIV);
+    if (term == '\'') {
        op_type = OP_CONST;
-    if (term == '`')
+       SvIVX(tmpstr) = -1;
+    }
+    else if (term == '`') {
        op_type = OP_BACKTICK;
+       SvIVX(tmpstr) = '\\';
+    }
 
     CLINE;
     multi_start = curcop->cop_line;
     multi_open = multi_close = '<';
-    tmpstr = NEWSV(87,80);
     term = *tokenbuf;
     if (!rsfp) {
        d = s;
@@ -3850,7 +4470,7 @@ register char *s;
        sv_setpvn(tmpstr,"",0);   /* avoid "uninitialized" warning */
     while (s >= bufend) {      /* multiple line string? */
        if (!rsfp ||
-        !(oldoldbufptr = oldbufptr = s = sv_gets(linestr, rsfp, 0))) {
+        !(oldoldbufptr = oldbufptr = s = filter_gets(linestr, rsfp))) {
            curcop->cop_line = multi_start;
            missingterm(tokenbuf);
        }
@@ -3902,8 +4522,8 @@ char *start;
     else
        croak("Unterminated <> operator");
 
-    if (*d == '$') d++;
-    while (*d && (isALNUM(*d) || *d == '\''))
+    if (*d == '$' && d[1]) d++;
+    while (*d && (isALNUM(*d) || *d == '\'' || *d == ':'))
        d++;
     if (d - tokenbuf != len) {
        yylval.ival = OP_GLOB;
@@ -3918,22 +4538,23 @@ char *start;
        if (!len)
            (void)strcpy(d,"ARGV");
        if (*d == '$') {
-           GV *gv = gv_fetchpv(d+1,TRUE);
-           lex_op = (OP*)newUNOP(OP_READLINE, 0,
-                                   newUNOP(OP_RV2GV, 0,
-                                       newUNOP(OP_RV2SV, 0,
-                                           newGVOP(OP_GV, 0, gv))));
+           I32 tmp;
+           if (tmp = pad_findmy(d)) {
+               OP *op = newOP(OP_PADSV, 0);
+               op->op_targ = tmp;
+               lex_op = (OP*)newUNOP(OP_READLINE, 0, newUNOP(OP_RV2GV, 0, op));
+           }
+           else {
+               GV *gv = gv_fetchpv(d+1,TRUE, SVt_PV);
+               lex_op = (OP*)newUNOP(OP_READLINE, 0,
+                                       newUNOP(OP_RV2GV, 0,
+                                           newUNOP(OP_RV2SV, 0,
+                                               newGVOP(OP_GV, 0, gv))));
+           }
            yylval.ival = OP_NULL;
        }
        else {
-           IO *io;
-
-           GV *gv = gv_fetchpv(d,TRUE);
-           io = GvIOn(gv);
-           if (strEQ(d,"ARGV")) {
-               GvAVn(gv);
-               IoFLAGS(io) |= IOf_ARGV|IOf_START;
-           }
+           GV *gv = gv_fetchpv(d,TRUE, SVt_PVIO);
            lex_op = (OP*)newUNOP(OP_READLINE, 0, newGVOP(OP_GV, 0, gv));
            yylval.ival = OP_NULL;
        }
@@ -3948,11 +4569,14 @@ char *start;
     SV *sv;
     char *tmps;
     register char *s = start;
-    register char term = *s;
+    register char term;
     register char *to;
     I32 brackets = 1;
 
+    if (isSPACE(*s))
+       s = skipspace(s);
     CLINE;
+    term = *s;
     multi_start = curcop->cop_line;
     multi_open = term;
     if (term && (tmps = strchr("([{< )]}> )]}>",term)))
@@ -3962,7 +4586,7 @@ char *start;
     sv = NEWSV(87,80);
     sv_upgrade(sv, SVt_PVIV);
     SvIVX(sv) = term;
-    SvPOK_only(sv);            /* validate pointer */
+    (void)SvPOK_only(sv);              /* validate pointer */
     s++;
     for (;;) {
        SvGROW(sv, SvCUR(sv) + (bufend - s) + 1);
@@ -3971,8 +4595,12 @@ char *start;
            for (; s < bufend; s++,to++) {
                if (*s == '\n' && !rsfp)
                    curcop->cop_line++;
-               if (*s == '\\' && s+1 < bufend && term != '\\')
-                   *to++ = *s++;
+               if (*s == '\\' && s+1 < bufend && term != '\\') {
+                   if (s[1] == term)
+                       s++;
+                   else
+                       *to++ = *s++;
+               }
                else if (*s == term)
                    break;
                *to = *s;
@@ -3982,8 +4610,12 @@ char *start;
            for (; s < bufend; s++,to++) {
                if (*s == '\n' && !rsfp)
                    curcop->cop_line++;
-               if (*s == '\\' && s+1 < bufend && term != '\\')
-                   *to++ = *s++;
+               if (*s == '\\' && s+1 < bufend && term != '\\') {
+                   if (s[1] == term)
+                       s++;
+                   else
+                       *to++ = *s++;
+               }
                else if (*s == term && --brackets <= 0)
                    break;
                else if (*s == multi_open)
@@ -3997,7 +4629,8 @@ char *start;
     if (s < bufend) break;     /* string ends on this line? */
 
        if (!rsfp ||
-        !(oldoldbufptr = oldbufptr = s = sv_gets(linestr, rsfp, 0))) {
+        !(oldoldbufptr = oldbufptr = s = filter_gets(linestr, rsfp))) {
+           sv_free(sv);
            curcop->cop_line = multi_start;
            return Nullch;
        }
@@ -4145,11 +4778,11 @@ register char *s;
 {
     register char *eol;
     register char *t;
-    SV *stuff = newSV(0);
+    SV *stuff = newSVpv("",0);
     bool needargs = FALSE;
 
     while (!needargs) {
-       if (*s == '.') {
+       if (*s == '.' || *s == '}') {
            /*SUPPRESS 530*/
            for (t = s+1; *t == ' ' || *t == '\t'; t++) ;
            if (*t == '\n')
@@ -4163,19 +4796,21 @@ register char *s;
        else
            eol = bufend = SvPVX(linestr) + SvCUR(linestr);
        if (*s != '#') {
-           sv_catpvn(stuff, s, eol-s);
-           while (s < eol) {
-               if (*s == '@' || *s == '^') {
-                   needargs = TRUE;
-                   break;
+           for (t = s; t < eol; t++) {
+               if (*t == '~' && t[1] == '~' && SvCUR(stuff)) {
+                   needargs = FALSE;
+                   goto enough;        /* ~~ must be first line in formline */
                }
-               s++;
+               if (*t == '@' || *t == '^')
+                   needargs = TRUE;
            }
+           sv_catpvn(stuff, s, eol-s);
        }
        s = eol;
        if (rsfp) {
-           s = sv_gets(linestr, rsfp, 0);
+           s = filter_gets(linestr, rsfp);
            oldoldbufptr = oldbufptr = bufptr = SvPVX(linestr);
+           bufend = bufptr + SvCUR(linestr);
            if (!s) {
                s = bufptr;
                yyerror("Format not terminated");
@@ -4184,14 +4819,16 @@ register char *s;
        }
        incline(s);
     }
-    if (SvPOK(stuff)) {
+  enough:
+    if (SvCUR(stuff)) {
        expect = XTERM;
        if (needargs) {
+           lex_state = LEX_NORMAL;
            nextval[nexttoke].ival = 0;
            force_next(',');
        }
        else
-           in_format = 2;
+           lex_state = LEX_FORMLINE;
        nextval[nexttoke].opval = (OP*)newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, stuff);
        force_next(THING);
        nextval[nexttoke].ival = OP_FORMLINE;
@@ -4199,7 +4836,7 @@ register char *s;
     }
     else {
        SvREFCNT_dec(stuff);
-       in_format = 0;
+       lex_formbrack = 0;
        bufptr = s;
     }
     return s;
@@ -4218,16 +4855,27 @@ int
 start_subparse()
 {
     int oldsavestack_ix = savestack_ix;
+    CV* outsidecv = compcv;
+    AV* comppadlist;
 
+    if (compcv) {
+       assert(SvTYPE(compcv) == SVt_PVCV);
+    }
     save_I32(&subline);
     save_item(subname);
     SAVEINT(padix);
     SAVESPTR(curpad);
     SAVESPTR(comppad);
     SAVESPTR(comppad_name);
+    SAVESPTR(compcv);
     SAVEINT(comppad_name_fill);
     SAVEINT(min_intro_pending);
     SAVEINT(max_intro_pending);
+    SAVEINT(pad_reset_pending);
+
+    compcv = (CV*)NEWSV(1104,0);
+    sv_upgrade((SV *)compcv, SVt_PVCV);
+
     comppad = newAV();
     comppad_name = newAV();
     comppad_name_fill = 0;
@@ -4235,8 +4883,16 @@ start_subparse()
     av_push(comppad, Nullsv);
     curpad = AvARRAY(comppad);
     padix = 0;
-
     subline = curcop->cop_line;
+
+    comppadlist = newAV();
+    AvREAL_off(comppadlist);
+    av_store(comppadlist, 0, (SV*)comppad_name);
+    av_store(comppadlist, 1, (SV*)comppad);
+
+    CvPADLIST(compcv) = comppadlist;
+    CvOUTSIDE(compcv) = (CV*)SvREFCNT_inc((SV*)outsidecv);
+
     return oldsavestack_ix;
 }
 
@@ -4245,7 +4901,10 @@ yywarn(s)
 char *s;
 {
     --error_count;
-    return yyerror(s);
+    in_eval |= 2;
+    yyerror(s);
+    in_eval &= ~2;
+    return 0;
 }
 
 int
@@ -4253,22 +4912,19 @@ yyerror(s)
 char *s;
 {
     char tmpbuf[258];
-    char tmp2buf[258];
     char *tname = tmpbuf;
 
     if (bufptr > oldoldbufptr && bufptr - oldoldbufptr < 200 &&
       oldoldbufptr != oldbufptr && oldbufptr != bufptr) {
        while (isSPACE(*oldoldbufptr))
            oldoldbufptr++;
-       cpy7bit(tmp2buf, oldoldbufptr, bufptr - oldoldbufptr);
-       sprintf(tname,"near \"%s\"",tmp2buf);
+       sprintf(tname,"near \"%.*s\"",bufptr - oldoldbufptr, oldoldbufptr);
     }
     else if (bufptr > oldbufptr && bufptr - oldbufptr < 200 &&
       oldbufptr != bufptr) {
        while (isSPACE(*oldbufptr))
            oldbufptr++;
-       cpy7bit(tmp2buf, oldbufptr, bufptr - oldbufptr);
-       sprintf(tname,"near \"%s\"",tmp2buf);
+       sprintf(tname,"near \"%.*s\"",bufptr - oldbufptr, oldbufptr);
     }
     else if (yychar > 255)
        tname = "next token ???";
@@ -4278,8 +4934,10 @@ char *s;
        if (lex_state == LEX_NORMAL ||
           (lex_state == LEX_KNOWNEXT && lex_defer == LEX_NORMAL))
            (void)strcpy(tname,"at end of line");
+       else if (lex_inpat)
+           (void)strcpy(tname,"within pattern");
        else
-           (void)strcpy(tname,"at end of string");
+           (void)strcpy(tname,"within string");
     }
     else if (yychar < 32)
        (void)sprintf(tname,"next char ^%c",yychar+64);
@@ -4287,16 +4945,21 @@ char *s;
        (void)sprintf(tname,"next char %c",yychar);
     (void)sprintf(buf, "%s at %s line %d, %s\n",
       s,SvPVX(GvSV(curcop->cop_filegv)),curcop->cop_line,tname);
-    if (curcop->cop_line == multi_end && multi_start < multi_end)
+    if (curcop->cop_line == multi_end && multi_start < multi_end) {
        sprintf(buf+strlen(buf),
-         "  (Might be a runaway multi-line %c%c string starting on line %d)\n",
-         multi_open,multi_close,multi_start);
-    if (in_eval)
-       sv_catpv(GvSV(gv_fetchpv("@",TRUE)),buf);
+         "  (Might be a runaway multi-line %c%c string starting on line %ld)\n",
+         multi_open,multi_close,(long)multi_start);
+        multi_end = 0;
+    }
+    if (in_eval & 2)
+       warn("%s",buf);
+    else if (in_eval)
+       sv_catpv(GvSV(errgv),buf);
     else
        fputs(buf,stderr);
     if (++error_count >= 10)
        croak("%s has too many errors.\n",
        SvPVX(GvSV(curcop->cop_filegv)));
+    in_my = 0;
     return 0;
 }