+{
+ # check that the right number of stringifications
+ # and the correct un-utf8-ifying happen on regex compile
+ package utf8_match;
+ my $c;
+ use overload '""' => sub { $c++; $_[0][0] ? "^\x{100}\$" : "^A\$"; };
+ my $o = bless [0], 'utf8_match';
+
+ $o->[0] = 0;
+ $c = 0;
+ ::ok("A" =~ "^A\$", "regex stringify utf8=0 ol=0 bytes=0");
+ ::ok("A" =~ $o, "regex stringify utf8=0 ol=1 bytes=0");
+ ::is($c, 1, "regex stringify utf8=0 ol=1 bytes=0 count");
+
+ $o->[0] = 1;
+ $c = 0;
+ ::ok("\x{100}" =~ "^\x{100}\$",
+ "regex stringify utf8=1 ol=0 bytes=0");
+ ::ok("\x{100}" =~ $o, "regex stringify utf8=1 ol=1 bytes=0");
+ ::is($c, 1, "regex stringify utf8=1 ol=1 bytes=0 count");
+
+ use bytes;
+
+ $o->[0] = 0;
+ $c = 0;
+ ::ok("A" =~ "^A\$", "regex stringify utf8=0 ol=0 bytes=1");
+ ::ok("A" =~ $o, "regex stringify utf8=0 ol=1 bytes=1");
+ ::is($c, 1, "regex stringify utf8=0 ol=1 bytes=1 count");
+
+ $o->[0] = 1;
+ $c = 0;
+ ::ok(main::byte_utf8a_to_utf8n("\xc4\x80") =~ "^\x{100}\$",
+ "regex stringify utf8=1 ol=0 bytes=1");
+ ::ok(main::byte_utf8a_to_utf8n("\xc4\x80") =~ $o, "regex stringify utf8=1 ol=1 bytes=1");
+ ::is($c, 1, "regex stringify utf8=1 ol=1 bytes=1 count");
+
+
+}
+
+# [perl #40333]
+# overload::Overloaded should not use a ->can designed for autoloading.
+# This example attempts to be as realistic as possible. The o class has a
+# default singleton object, but can have instances, too. The proxy class
+# represents proxies for o objects, but class methods delegate to the
+# singleton.
+# overload::Overloaded used to return incorrect results for proxy objects.
+package proxy {
+ sub new { bless [$_[1]], $_[0] }
+ sub AUTOLOAD {
+ our $AUTOLOAD =~ s/.*:://;
+ &_self->$AUTOLOAD;
+ }
+ sub can { SUPER::can{@_} || &_self->can($_[1]) }
+ sub _self { ref $_[0] ? $_[0][0] : $o::singleton }
+}
+package o { use overload '""' => sub { 'keck' };
+ sub new { bless[], $_[0] }
+ our $singleton = o->new; }
+ok !overload::Overloaded(new proxy new o),
+ 'overload::Overloaded does not incorrectly return true for proxy classes';
+
+# Another test, based on the type of explosive test class for which
+# perl #40333 was filed.
+{
+ package broken_can;
+ sub can {}
+ use overload '""' => sub {"Ahoy!"};
+
+ package main;
+ my $obj = bless [], 'broken_can';
+ ok(overload::Overloaded($obj));
+}
+
+sub eleventative::cos { 'eleven' }
+sub twelvetative::abs { 'twelve' }
+sub thirteentative::abs { 'thirteen' }
+sub fourteentative::abs { 'fourteen' }
+@eleventative::ISA = twelvetative::;
+{
+ my $o = bless [], 'eleventative';
+ eval 'package eleventative; use overload map +($_)x2, cos=>abs=>';
+ is cos $o, 'eleven', 'overloading applies to object blessed before';
+ bless [], 'eleventative';
+ is cos $o, 'eleven',
+ 'ovrld applies to previously-blessed obj after other obj is blessed';
+ $o = bless [], 'eleventative';
+ *eleventative::cos = sub { 'ten' };
+ is cos $o, 'ten', 'method changes affect overloading';
+ @eleventative::ISA = thirteentative::;
+ is abs $o, 'thirteen', 'isa changes affect overloading';
+ bless $o, 'fourteentative';
+ @fourteentative::ISA = 'eleventative';
+ is abs $o, 'fourteen', 'isa changes can turn overloading on';
+}
+
+# no overload "fallback";
+{ package phake;
+ use overload fallback => 1, '""' => sub { 'arakas' };
+ no overload 'fallback';
+}
+$a = bless [], 'phake';
+is "$a", "arakas",
+ 'no overload "fallback" does not stop overload from working';
+ok !eval { () = $a eq 'mpizeli'; 1 },
+ 'no overload "fallback" resets fallback to undef on overloaded class';
+{ package ent; use overload fallback => 0, abs => sub{};
+ our@ISA = 'huorn';
+ package huorn;
+ use overload fallback => 1;
+ package ent;
+ no overload "fallback"; # disable previous declaration
+}
+$a = bless [], ent::;
+is eval {"$a"}, overload::StrVal($a),
+ 'no overload undoes fallback declaration completetly'
+ or diag $@;
+
+# inherited fallback
+{
+ package pervyy;
+ our @ISA = 'vtoryy';
+ use overload "abs" =>=> sub {};
+ package vtoryy;
+ use overload fallback => 1, 'sin' =>=> sub{}
+}
+$a = bless [], pervyy::;
+is eval {"$a"}, overload::StrVal($a),
+ 'fallback is inherited by classes that have their own overloading'
+ or diag $@;
+
+# package separators in method names
+{
+ package mane;
+ use overload q\""\ => "bear::strength";
+ use overload bool => "bear'bouillon";
+}
+@bear::ISA = 'food';
+sub food::strength { 'twine' }
+sub food::bouillon { 0 }
+$a = bless[], mane::;
+is eval { "$a" }, 'twine', ':: in method name' or diag $@;
+is eval { !$a }, 1, "' in method name" or diag $@;
+
+# [perl #113050] Half of CPAN assumes fallback is under "()"
+{
+ package dodo;
+ use overload '+' => sub {};
+ no strict;
+ *{"dodo::()"} = sub{};
+ ${"dodo::()"} = 1;
+}
+$a = bless [],'dodo';
+is eval {"$a"}, overload::StrVal($a), 'fallback is stored under "()"';
+
+# [perl #47119]
+{
+ my $context;
+
+ {
+ package Splitter;
+ use overload '<>' => \&chars;
+
+ sub new {
+ my $class = shift;
+ my ($string) = @_;
+ bless \$string, $class;
+ }
+
+ sub chars {
+ my $self = shift;
+ my @chars = split //, $$self;
+ $context = wantarray;
+ return @chars;
+ }
+ }
+
+ my $obj = Splitter->new('bar');
+
+ $context = 42; # not 1, '', or undef
+
+ my @foo = <$obj>;
+ is($context, 1, "list context (readline list)");
+ is(scalar(@foo), 3, "correct result (readline list)");
+ is($foo[0], 'b', "correct result (readline list)");
+ is($foo[1], 'a', "correct result (readline list)");
+ is($foo[2], 'r', "correct result (readline list)");
+
+ $context = 42;
+
+ my $foo = <$obj>;
+ ok(defined($context), "scalar context (readline scalar)");
+ is($context, '', "scalar context (readline scalar)");
+ is($foo, 3, "correct result (readline scalar)");
+
+ $context = 42;
+
+ <$obj>;
+ ok(!defined($context), "void context (readline void)");
+
+ $context = 42;
+
+ my @bar = <${obj}>;
+ is($context, 1, "list context (glob list)");
+ is(scalar(@bar), 3, "correct result (glob list)");
+ is($bar[0], 'b', "correct result (glob list)");
+ is($bar[1], 'a', "correct result (glob list)");
+ is($bar[2], 'r', "correct result (glob list)");
+
+ $context = 42;
+
+ my $bar = <${obj}>;
+ ok(defined($context), "scalar context (glob scalar)");
+ is($context, '', "scalar context (glob scalar)");
+ is($bar, 3, "correct result (glob scalar)");
+
+ $context = 42;
+
+ <${obj}>;
+ ok(!defined($context), "void context (glob void)");
+}
+{
+ my $context;
+
+ {
+ package StringWithContext;
+ use overload '""' => \&stringify;
+
+ sub new {
+ my $class = shift;
+ my ($string) = @_;
+ bless \$string, $class;
+ }
+
+ sub stringify {
+ my $self = shift;
+ $context = wantarray;
+ return $$self;
+ }
+ }
+
+ my $obj = StringWithContext->new('bar');
+
+ $context = 42;
+
+ my @foo = "".$obj;
+ ok(defined($context), "scalar context (stringify list)");
+ is($context, '', "scalar context (stringify list)");
+ is(scalar(@foo), 1, "correct result (stringify list)");
+ is($foo[0], 'bar', "correct result (stringify list)");
+
+ $context = 42;
+
+ my $foo = "".$obj;
+ ok(defined($context), "scalar context (stringify scalar)");
+ is($context, '', "scalar context (stringify scalar)");
+ is($foo, 'bar', "correct result (stringify scalar)");
+
+ $context = 42;
+
+ "".$obj;
+
+ is($context, '', "scalar context (stringify void)");
+}
+{
+ my ($context, $swap);
+
+ {
+ package AddWithContext;
+ use overload '+' => \&add;
+
+ sub new {
+ my $class = shift;
+ my ($num) = @_;
+ bless \$num, $class;
+ }
+
+ sub add {
+ my $self = shift;
+ my ($other, $swapped) = @_;
+ $context = wantarray;
+ $swap = $swapped;
+ return ref($self)->new($$self + $other);
+ }
+
+ sub val { ${ $_[0] } }
+ }
+
+ my $obj = AddWithContext->new(6);
+
+ $context = $swap = 42;
+
+ my @foo = $obj + 7;
+ ok(defined($context), "scalar context (add list)");
+ is($context, '', "scalar context (add list)");
+ ok(defined($swap), "not swapped (add list)");
+ is($swap, '', "not swapped (add list)");
+ is(scalar(@foo), 1, "correct result (add list)");
+ is($foo[0]->val, 13, "correct result (add list)");
+
+ $context = $swap = 42;
+
+ @foo = 7 + $obj;
+ ok(defined($context), "scalar context (add list swap)");
+ is($context, '', "scalar context (add list swap)");
+ ok(defined($swap), "swapped (add list swap)");
+ is($swap, 1, "swapped (add list swap)");
+ is(scalar(@foo), 1, "correct result (add list swap)");
+ is($foo[0]->val, 13, "correct result (add list swap)");
+
+ $context = $swap = 42;
+
+ my $foo = $obj + 7;
+ ok(defined($context), "scalar context (add scalar)");
+ is($context, '', "scalar context (add scalar)");
+ ok(defined($swap), "not swapped (add scalar)");
+ is($swap, '', "not swapped (add scalar)");
+ is($foo->val, 13, "correct result (add scalar)");
+
+ $context = $swap = 42;
+
+ my $foo = 7 + $obj;
+ ok(defined($context), "scalar context (add scalar swap)");
+ is($context, '', "scalar context (add scalar swap)");
+ ok(defined($swap), "swapped (add scalar swap)");
+ is($swap, 1, "swapped (add scalar swap)");
+ is($foo->val, 13, "correct result (add scalar swap)");
+
+ $context = $swap = 42;
+
+ $obj + 7;
+
+ ok(!defined($context), "void context (add void)");
+ ok(defined($swap), "not swapped (add void)");
+ is($swap, '', "not swapped (add void)");
+
+ $context = $swap = 42;
+
+ 7 + $obj;
+
+ ok(!defined($context), "void context (add void swap)");
+ ok(defined($swap), "swapped (add void swap)");
+ is($swap, 1, "swapped (add void swap)");
+
+ $obj = AddWithContext->new(6);
+
+ $context = $swap = 42;
+
+ my @foo = $obj += 7;
+ ok(defined($context), "scalar context (add assign list)");
+ is($context, '', "scalar context (add assign list)");
+ ok(!defined($swap), "not swapped and autogenerated (add assign list)");
+ is(scalar(@foo), 1, "correct result (add assign list)");
+ is($foo[0]->val, 13, "correct result (add assign list)");
+ is($obj->val, 13, "correct result (add assign list)");
+
+ $obj = AddWithContext->new(6);
+
+ $context = $swap = 42;
+
+ my $foo = $obj += 7;
+ ok(defined($context), "scalar context (add assign scalar)");
+ is($context, '', "scalar context (add assign scalar)");
+ ok(!defined($swap), "not swapped and autogenerated (add assign scalar)");
+ is($foo->val, 13, "correct result (add assign scalar)");
+ is($obj->val, 13, "correct result (add assign scalar)");
+
+ $obj = AddWithContext->new(6);
+
+ $context = $swap = 42;
+
+ $obj += 7;
+
+ ok(defined($context), "scalar context (add assign void)");
+ is($context, '', "scalar context (add assign void)");
+ ok(!defined($swap), "not swapped and autogenerated (add assign void)");
+ is($obj->val, 13, "correct result (add assign void)");
+
+ $obj = AddWithContext->new(6);
+
+ $context = $swap = 42;
+
+ my @foo = ++$obj;
+ ok(defined($context), "scalar context (add incr list)");
+ is($context, '', "scalar context (add incr list)");
+ ok(!defined($swap), "not swapped and autogenerated (add incr list)");
+ is(scalar(@foo), 1, "correct result (add incr list)");
+ is($foo[0]->val, 7, "correct result (add incr list)");
+ is($obj->val, 7, "correct result (add incr list)");
+
+ $obj = AddWithContext->new(6);
+
+ $context = $swap = 42;
+
+ my $foo = ++$obj;
+ ok(defined($context), "scalar context (add incr scalar)");
+ is($context, '', "scalar context (add incr scalar)");
+ ok(!defined($swap), "not swapped and autogenerated (add incr scalar)");
+ is($foo->val, 7, "correct result (add incr scalar)");
+ is($obj->val, 7, "correct result (add incr scalar)");
+
+ $obj = AddWithContext->new(6);
+
+ $context = $swap = 42;
+
+ ++$obj;
+
+ ok(defined($context), "scalar context (add incr void)");
+ is($context, '', "scalar context (add incr void)");
+ ok(!defined($swap), "not swapped and autogenerated (add incr void)");
+ is($obj->val, 7, "correct result (add incr void)");
+}
+
+# [perl #113010]
+{
+ {
+ package OnlyFallback;
+ use overload fallback => 0;
+ }
+ {
+ my $obj = bless {}, 'OnlyFallback';
+ my $died = !eval { "".$obj; 1 };
+ my $err = $@;
+ ok($died, "fallback of 0 causes error");
+ like($err, qr/"\.": no method found/, "correct error");
+ }
+
+ {
+ package OnlyFallbackUndef;
+ use overload fallback => undef;
+ }
+ {
+ my $obj = bless {}, 'OnlyFallbackUndef';
+ my $died = !eval { "".$obj; 1 };
+ my $err = $@;
+ ok($died, "fallback of undef causes error");
+ # this one tries falling back to stringify before dying
+ like($err, qr/"""": no method found/, "correct error");
+ }
+
+ {
+ package OnlyFallbackTrue;
+ use overload fallback => 1;
+ }
+ {
+ my $obj = bless {}, 'OnlyFallbackTrue';
+ my $val;
+ my $died = !eval { $val = "".$obj; 1 };
+ my $err = $@;
+ ok(!$died, "fallback of 1 doesn't cause error")
+ || diag("got error of $err");
+ like($val, qr/^OnlyFallbackTrue=HASH\(/, "stringified correctly");
+ }
+}
+
+{
+ # Making Regexp class overloaded: avoid infinite recursion.
+ # Do this in a separate process since it, well, overloads Regexp!
+ fresh_perl_is(
+ <<'EOF',
+package Regexp;
+use overload q{""} => sub {$_[0] };
+package main;
+my $r1 = qr/1/;
+my $r2 = qr/ABC$r1/;
+print $r2,"\n";
+EOF
+ '(?^:ABC(?^:1))',
+ { stderr => 1 },
+ 'overloaded REGEXP'
+ );
+}
+
+{
+ # RT #121362
+ # splitting the stash HV while rebuilding the overload cache gave
+ # valgrind errors. This test code triggers such a split. It doesn't
+ # actually test anything; its just there for valgrind to spot
+ # problems.
+
+ package A_121362;
+
+ sub stringify { }
+ use overload '""' => 'stringify';
+
+ package B_121362;
+ our @ISA = qw(A_121362);
+
+ package main;
+
+ my $x = bless { }, 'B_121362';
+
+ for ('a'..'z') {
+ delete $B_121362::{stringify}; # delete cache entry
+ no strict 'refs';
+ *{"B_121362::$_"} = sub { }; # increase size of %B_121362
+ my $y = $x->{value}; # trigger cache add to %B_121362
+ }
+ pass("RT 121362");
+}
+
+package refsgalore {
+ use overload
+ '${}' => sub { \42 },
+ '@{}' => sub { [43] },
+ '%{}' => sub { { 44 => 45 } },
+ '&{}' => sub { sub { 46 } };
+}
+{
+ use feature 'postderef';
+ tell myio; # vivifies *myio{IO} at compile time
+ use constant ioref => bless *myio{IO}, refsgalore::;
+ is ioref->$*, 42, '(overloaded constant that is not a scalar ref)->$*';
+ is ioref->[0], 43, '(ovrld constant that is not an array ref)->[0]';
+ is ioref->{44}, 45, "(ovrld const that is not a hash ref)->{key}";
+ is ioref->(), 46, '(overloaded constant that is not a sub ref)->()';
+}
+
+package xstack { use overload 'x' => sub { shift . " x " . shift },
+ '""'=> sub { "xstack" } }
+is join(",", 1..3, scalar((bless([], 'xstack')) x 3, 1), 4..6),
+ "1,2,3,1,4,5,6",
+ '(...)x... in void cx with x overloaded [perl #121827]';
+
+package bitops {
+ our @o;
+ use overload do {
+ my %o;
+ for my $o (qw(& | ^ ~ &. |. ^. ~. &= |= ^= &.= |.= ^.=)) {
+ $o{$o} = sub {
+ ::ok !defined $_[3], "undef (or nonexistent) arg 3 for $o";
+ push @o, $o, scalar @_, $_[4]//'u';
+ $_[0]
+ }
+ }
+ %o, '=' => sub { bless [] };
+ }
+}
+{
+ use experimental 'bitwise';
+ my $o = bless [], bitops::;
+ $_ = $o & 0;
+ $_ = $o | 0;
+ $_ = $o ^ 0;
+ $_ = ~$o;
+ $_ = $o &. 0;
+ $_ = $o |. 0;
+ $_ = $o ^. 0;
+ $_ = ~.$o;
+ $o &= 0;
+ $o |= 0;
+ $o ^= 0;
+ $o &.= 0;
+ $o |.= 0;
+ $o ^.= 0;
+ # elems are in triplets: op, length of @_, numeric? (1/u for y/n)
+ is "@bitops::o", '& 5 1 | 5 1 ^ 5 1 ~ 5 1 &. 3 u |. 3 u ^. 3 u ~. 3 u ' . '&= 5 1 |= 5 1 ^= 5 1 &.= 3 u |.= 3 u ^.= 3 u',
+ 'experimental "bitwise" ops'
+}
+package bitops2 {
+ our @o;
+ use overload
+ nomethod => sub { push @o, $_[3], scalar @_, $_[4]//'u'; $_[0] },
+ '=' => sub { bless [] };
+}
+{
+ use experimental 'bitwise';
+ my $o = bless [], bitops2::;
+ $_ = $o & 0;
+ $_ = $o | 0;
+ $_ = $o ^ 0;
+ $_ = ~$o;
+ $_ = $o &. 0;
+ $_ = $o |. 0;
+ $_ = $o ^. 0;
+ $_ = ~.$o;
+ $o &= 0;
+ $o |= 0;
+ $o ^= 0;
+ $o &.= 0;
+ $o |.= 0;
+ $o ^.= 0;
+ # elems are in triplets: op, length of @_, numeric? (1/u for y/n)
+ is "@bitops2::o", '& 5 1 | 5 1 ^ 5 1 ~ 5 1 &. 4 u |. 4 u ^. 4 u ~. 4 u ' . '&= 5 1 |= 5 1 ^= 5 1 &.= 4 u |.= 4 u ^.= 4 u',
+ 'experimental "bitwise" ops with nomethod'
+}
+
+package length_utf8 {
+ use overload '""' => sub { "\x{100}" };
+ my $o = bless [];
+print length $o, "\n";
+
+ ::is length($o), 1, "overloaded utf8 length";
+ ::is "$o", "\x{100}", "overloaded utf8 value";
+}
+
+