#!../miniperl
-open (OUT, ">perlmodlib.tmp") or die $!;
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+
+local $ENV{LC_ALL} = 'C';
+
+my $Quiet;
+@ARGV = grep { not($_ eq '-q' and $Quiet = 1) } @ARGV;
+
+if (@ARGV) {
+ my $workdir = shift;
+ chdir $workdir
+ or die "Couldn't chdir to '$workdir': $!";
+}
+require './regen/regen_lib.pl';
+
+# MANIFEST itself is Unix style filenames, so we have to assume that Unix style
+# filenames will work.
+
+open MANIFEST, '<', 'MANIFEST'
+ or die "Can't open MANIFEST: $!";
+my @files =
+ grep !m#/perl.*\.pod#,
+ grep m#(?:\.pm|\.pod|_pm\.PL)#,
+ map {s/\s.*//s; $_}
+ grep { m#^(lib|ext|dist|cpan)/# && !m#/(?:t|demo|corpus)/# }
+ <MANIFEST>;
+close MANIFEST
+ or die "$0: failed to close MANIFEST: $!";
+
+my $out = open_new('pod/perlmodlib.pod', undef,
+ {by => "$0 extracting documentation",
+ from => 'the Perl source files'}, 1);
+
+my %exceptions = (
+ 'abbrev' => 'Text::Abbrev',
+ 'carp' => 'Carp',
+ 'getopt' => 'Getopt::Std',
+ 'Encode::MIME::NAME' => 'Encode::MIME::Name',
+ 'libnetFAQ' => 'Net::libnetFAQ',
+);
+
my (@pragma, @mod);
-open (MANIFEST, "../MANIFEST") or die $!;
-
-while (<MANIFEST>) {
- my $filename;
- next unless s|^lib/|| or m|^ext/|;
- ($filename) = /(\S+)/;
- $filename =~ s|^[^/]+/|| if $filename =~ s|^ext/||;
- next unless $filename =~ /\.pm$/;
- next unless open (MOD, "../lib/$filename");
- my ($name, $thing);
- my $foundit=0;
- {local $/="";
- while (<MOD>) {
- next unless /^=head1 NAME/;
- $foundit++;
- last;
- }
- }
- next unless $foundit;
- my $title = <MOD>;
- chomp($title);
- close MOD;
-
- my $perlname = $filename;
- $perlname =~ s|\.pm$||;
- $perlname =~ s|/|::|g;
-
- ($name, $thing) = split / - /, $title,2;
- next unless $name and $thing;
- $thing=~s/^perl pragma to //i;
- $thing=ucfirst($thing);
- $title = "=item $perlname\n\n$thing\n\n";
-
- if ($filename=~/[A-Z]/) {
- push @mod, $title;
- } else {
- push @pragma, $title;
- }
+
+for my $filename (@files) {
+ unless (open MOD, '<', $filename) {
+ warn "Couldn't open $filename: $!";
+ next;
+ }
+
+ my ($name, $thing);
+ my $foundit = 0;
+ {
+ local $/ = "";
+ while (<MOD>) {
+ next unless /^=head1 NAME/;
+ $foundit++;
+ last;
+ }
+ }
+ unless ($foundit) {
+ next if pod_for_module_has_head1_NAME($filename);
+ die "p5p-controlled module $filename missing =head1 NAME\n"
+ if $filename !~ m{^(dist/|cpan/)}n # under our direct control
+ && $filename !~ m{/_[^/]+\z} # not private
+ && $filename ne 'lib/meta_notation.pm' # no pod
+ && $filename ne 'lib/overload/numbers.pm'; # no pod
+ warn "$filename missing =head1 NAME\n" unless $Quiet;
+ next;
+ }
+ my $title = <MOD>;
+ chomp $title;
+ close MOD
+ or die "Error closing $filename: $!";
+
+ ($name, $thing) = split /\s+--?\s+/, $title, 2;
+
+ unless ($name and $thing) {
+ warn "$filename missing name\n" unless $name;
+ warn "$filename missing thing\n" unless $thing or $Quiet;
+ next;
+ }
+
+ $name =~ s/[^A-Za-z0-9_:\$<>].*//;
+ $name = $exceptions{$name} || $name;
+ $thing =~ s/^perl pragma to //i;
+ $thing = ucfirst $thing;
+ $title = "=item $name\n\n$thing\n\n";
+
+ if ($name =~ /[A-Z]/) {
+ push @mod, $title;
+ } else {
+ push @pragma, $title;
+ }
+}
+
+sub pod_for_module_has_head1_NAME {
+ my ($filename) = @_;
+ (my $pod_file = $filename) =~ s/\.pm\z/.pod/ or return 0;
+ return 0 if !-e $pod_file;
+ open my $fh, '<', $pod_file
+ or die "Can't open $pod_file for reading: $!\n";
+ local $/ = '';
+ while (my $para = <$fh>) {
+ return 1 if $para =~ /\A=head1 NAME$/m;
+ }
+ return 0;
}
-print OUT <<'EOF';
+# Much easier to special case it like this than special case the depending on
+# and parsing lib/Config.pod, or special case opening configpm and finding its
+# =head1 (which is not found with the $/="" above)
+push @mod, "=item Config\n\nAccess Perl configuration information\n\n";
+
+
+# The intent of using =cut as the heredoc terminator is to make the whole file
+# parse as (reasonably) sane Pod as-is to anything that attempts to
+# brute-force treat it as such. The content is already useful - this just
+# makes it tidier, by stopping anything doing this mistaking the rest of the
+# Perl code for Pod. eg http://search.cpan.org/dist/perl/pod/perlmodlib.PL
+
+print $out <<'=cut';
=head1 NAME
perlmodlib - constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones
-=head1 DESCRIPTION
-
=head1 THE PERL MODULE LIBRARY
-Many modules are included the Perl distribution. These are described
+Many modules are included in the Perl distribution. These are described
below, and all end in F<.pm>. You may discover compiled library
-file (usually ending in F<.so>) or small pieces of modules to be
+files (usually ending in F<.so>) or small pieces of modules to be
autoloaded (ending in F<.al>); these were automatically generated
by the installation process. You may also discover files in the
library directory that end in either F<.pl> or F<.ph>. These are
=over 12
-EOF
+=cut
+
+print $out $_ for sort @pragma;
-print OUT $_ for (sort @pragma);
+print $out <<'=cut';
-print OUT <<EOF;
=back
=head2 Standard Modules
manner with respect to namespace pollution because they use the
Exporter module. See their own documentation for details.
+It's possible that not all modules listed below are installed on your
+system. For example, the GDBM_File module will not be installed if you
+don't have the gdbm library.
+
=over 12
-EOF
+=cut
-print OUT $_ for (sort @mod);
+print $out $_ for sort @mod;
+
+print $out <<'=cut', "=cut\n";
-print OUT <<'EOF';
=back
To find out I<all> modules installed on your system, including
those without documentation or outside the standard release,
-just do this:
+just use the following command (under the default win32 shell,
+double quotes should be used instead of single quotes).
- % find `perl -e 'print "@INC"'` -name '*.pm' -print
+ % perl -MFile::Find=find -MFile::Spec::Functions -Tlwe \
+ 'find { wanted => sub { print canonpath $_ if /\.pm\z/ },
+ no_chdir => 1 }, @INC'
+(The -T is here to prevent '.' from being listed in @INC.)
They should all have their own documentation installed and accessible
via your system man(1) command. If you do not have a B<find>
program, you can use the Perl B<find2perl> program instead, which
to fix your manpath. See L<perl> for details. If you have no
system B<man> command, you might try the B<perldoc> program.
+Note also that the command C<perldoc perllocal> gives you a (possibly
+incomplete) list of the modules that have been further installed on
+your system. (The perllocal.pod file is updated by the standard MakeMaker
+install process.)
+
=head2 Extension Modules
Extension modules are written in C (or a mix of Perl and C). They
are usually dynamically loaded into Perl if and when you need them,
-but may also be be linked in statically. Supported extension modules
+but may also be linked in statically. Supported extension modules
include Socket, Fcntl, and POSIX.
Many popular C extension modules do not come bundled (at least, not
for adequate testing and configuration across the multitude of
platforms on which Perl was beta-tested. You are encouraged to
look for them on CPAN (described below), or using web search engines
-like Alta Vista or Deja News.
+like Google or DuckDuckGo.
=head1 CPAN
replicated trove of Perl materials, including documentation, style
guides, tricks and traps, alternate ports to non-Unix systems and
occasional binary distributions for these. Search engines for
-CPAN can be found at http://cpan.perl.com/ and at
-http://theory.uwinnipeg.ca/mod_perl/cpan-search.pl .
+CPAN can be found at http://www.cpan.org/
Most importantly, CPAN includes around a thousand unbundled modules,
some of which require a C compiler to build. Major categories of
=over
=item *
+
Language Extensions and Documentation Tools
=item *
+
Development Support
=item *
+
Operating System Interfaces
=item *
+
Networking, Device Control (modems) and InterProcess Communication
=item *
+
Data Types and Data Type Utilities
=item *
+
Database Interfaces
=item *
+
User Interfaces
=item *
+
Interfaces to / Emulations of Other Programming Languages
=item *
+
File Names, File Systems and File Locking (see also File Handles)
=item *
+
String Processing, Language Text Processing, Parsing, and Searching
=item *
+
Option, Argument, Parameter, and Configuration File Processing
=item *
+
Internationalization and Locale
=item *
+
Authentication, Security, and Encryption
=item *
+
World Wide Web, HTML, HTTP, CGI, MIME
=item *
+
Server and Daemon Utilities
=item *
+
Archiving and Compression
=item *
+
Images, Pixmap and Bitmap Manipulation, Drawing, and Graphing
=item *
+
Mail and Usenet News
=item *
+
Control Flow Utilities (callbacks and exceptions etc)
=item *
+
File Handle and Input/Output Stream Utilities
=item *
+
Miscellaneous Modules
=back
-Registered CPAN sites as of this writing include the following.
-You should try to choose one close to you:
+The list of the registered CPAN sites follows.
+Please note that the sorting order is alphabetical on fields:
-=over
+Continent
+ |
+ |-->Country
+ |
+ |-->[state/province]
+ |
+ |-->ftp
+ |
+ |-->[http]
+
+and thus the North American servers happen to be listed between the
+European and the South American sites.
+
+Registered CPAN sites
+
+=for maintainers
+Generated by Porting/make_modlib_cpan.pl
+
+=head2 Africa
+
+=over 4
+
+=item South Africa
+
+ http://mirror.is.co.za/pub/cpan/
+ ftp://ftp.is.co.za/pub/cpan/
+ http://cpan.mirror.ac.za/
+ ftp://cpan.mirror.ac.za/
+ http://cpan.saix.net/
+ ftp://ftp.saix.net/pub/CPAN/
+ http://ftp.wa.co.za/pub/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.wa.co.za/pub/CPAN/
+
+=item Uganda
+
+ http://mirror.ucu.ac.ug/cpan/
+
+=item Zimbabwe
+
+ http://mirror.zol.co.zw/CPAN/
+ ftp://mirror.zol.co.zw/CPAN/
+
+=back
+
+=head2 Asia
+
+=over 4
+
+=item Bangladesh
+
+ http://mirror.dhakacom.com/CPAN/
+ ftp://mirror.dhakacom.com/CPAN/
+
+=item China
+
+ http://cpan.communilink.net/
+ http://ftp.cuhk.edu.hk/pub/packages/perl/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.cuhk.edu.hk/pub/packages/perl/CPAN/
+ http://mirrors.hust.edu.cn/CPAN/
+ http://mirrors.neusoft.edu.cn/cpan/
+ http://mirror.lzu.edu.cn/CPAN/
+ http://mirrors.163.com/cpan/
+ http://mirrors.sohu.com/CPAN/
+ http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/CPAN/
+ ftp://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/CPAN/
+ http://mirrors.xmu.edu.cn/CPAN/
+ ftp://mirrors.xmu.edu.cn/CPAN/
+ http://mirrors.zju.edu.cn/CPAN/
+
+=item India
+
+ http://cpan.excellmedia.net/
+ http://perlmirror.indialinks.com/
+
+=item Indonesia
+
+ http://kambing.ui.ac.id/cpan/
+ http://cpan.pesat.net.id/
+ http://mirror.poliwangi.ac.id/CPAN/
+ http://kartolo.sby.datautama.net.id/CPAN/
+ http://mirror.wanxp.id/cpan/
+
+=item Iran
+
+ http://mirror.yazd.ac.ir/cpan/
+
+=item Israel
+
+ http://biocourse.weizmann.ac.il/CPAN/
+
+=item Japan
+
+ http://ftp.jaist.ac.jp/pub/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.jaist.ac.jp/pub/CPAN/
+ http://mirror.jre655.com/CPAN/
+ ftp://mirror.jre655.com/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.kddilabs.jp/CPAN/
+ http://ftp.nara.wide.ad.jp/pub/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.nara.wide.ad.jp/pub/CPAN/
+ http://ftp.riken.jp/lang/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.riken.jp/lang/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.u-aizu.ac.jp/pub/CPAN/
+ http://ftp.yz.yamagata-u.ac.jp/pub/lang/cpan/
+ ftp://ftp.yz.yamagata-u.ac.jp/pub/lang/cpan/
+
+=item Kazakhstan
+
+ http://mirror.neolabs.kz/CPAN/
+ ftp://mirror.neolabs.kz/CPAN/
+
+=item Philippines
+
+ http://mirror.pregi.net/CPAN/
+ ftp://mirror.pregi.net/CPAN/
+ http://mirror.rise.ph/cpan/
+ ftp://mirror.rise.ph/cpan/
+
+=item Qatar
+
+ http://mirror.qnren.qa/CPAN/
+ ftp://mirror.qnren.qa/CPAN/
+
+=item Republic of Korea
+
+ http://cpan.mirror.cdnetworks.com/
+ ftp://cpan.mirror.cdnetworks.com/CPAN/
+ http://ftp.kaist.ac.kr/pub/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.kaist.ac.kr/CPAN/
+ http://ftp.kr.freebsd.org/pub/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.kr.freebsd.org/pub/CPAN/
+ http://mirror.navercorp.com/CPAN/
+ http://ftp.neowiz.com/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.neowiz.com/CPAN/
+
+=item Singapore
+
+ http://cpan.mirror.choon.net/
+ http://mirror.0x.sg/CPAN/
+ ftp://mirror.0x.sg/CPAN/
+
+=item Taiwan
+
+ http://cpan.cdpa.nsysu.edu.tw/Unix/Lang/CPAN/
+ ftp://cpan.cdpa.nsysu.edu.tw/Unix/Lang/CPAN/
+ http://cpan.stu.edu.tw/
+ ftp://ftp.stu.edu.tw/CPAN/
+ http://ftp.yzu.edu.tw/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.yzu.edu.tw/CPAN/
+ http://cpan.nctu.edu.tw/
+ ftp://cpan.nctu.edu.tw/
+ http://ftp.ubuntu-tw.org/mirror/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.ubuntu-tw.org/mirror/CPAN/
+
+=item Turkey
+
+ http://cpan.ulak.net.tr/
+ ftp://ftp.ulak.net.tr/pub/perl/CPAN/
+ http://mirror.vit.com.tr/mirror/CPAN/
+ ftp://mirror.vit.com.tr/CPAN/
+
+=item Viet Nam
+
+ http://mirrors.digipower.vn/CPAN/
+ http://mirror.downloadvn.com/cpan/
+ http://mirrors.vinahost.vn/CPAN/
+
+=back
+
+=head2 Europe
+
+=over 4
+
+=item Austria
+
+ http://cpan.inode.at/
+ ftp://cpan.inode.at/
+ http://mirror.easyname.at/cpan/
+ ftp://mirror.easyname.at/cpan/
+ http://gd.tuwien.ac.at/languages/perl/CPAN/
+ ftp://gd.tuwien.ac.at/pub/CPAN/
+
+=item Belarus
+
+ http://ftp.byfly.by/pub/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.byfly.by/pub/CPAN/
+ http://mirror.datacenter.by/pub/CPAN/
+ ftp://mirror.datacenter.by/pub/CPAN/
+
+=item Belgium
+
+ http://ftp.belnet.be/ftp.cpan.org/
+ ftp://ftp.belnet.be/mirror/ftp.cpan.org/
+ http://cpan.cu.be/
+ http://lib.ugent.be/CPAN/
+ http://cpan.weepeetelecom.be/
+
+=item Bosnia and Herzegovina
+
+ http://cpan.mirror.ba/
+ ftp://ftp.mirror.ba/CPAN/
+
+=item Bulgaria
+
+ http://mirrors.neterra.net/CPAN/
+ ftp://mirrors.neterra.net/CPAN/
+ http://mirrors.netix.net/CPAN/
+ ftp://mirrors.netix.net/CPAN/
+
+=item Croatia
+
+ http://ftp.carnet.hr/pub/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.carnet.hr/pub/CPAN/
+
+=item Czech Republic
+
+ http://mirror.dkm.cz/cpan/
+ ftp://mirror.dkm.cz/cpan/
+ ftp://ftp.fi.muni.cz/pub/CPAN/
+ http://mirrors.nic.cz/CPAN/
+ ftp://mirrors.nic.cz/pub/CPAN/
+ http://cpan.mirror.vutbr.cz/
+ ftp://mirror.vutbr.cz/cpan/
+
+=item Denmark
+
+ http://www.cpan.dk/
+ http://mirrors.dotsrc.org/cpan/
+ ftp://mirrors.dotsrc.org/cpan/
+
+=item Finland
+
+ ftp://ftp.funet.fi/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/
+
+=item France
+
+ http://ftp.ciril.fr/pub/cpan/
+ ftp://ftp.ciril.fr/pub/cpan/
+ http://distrib-coffee.ipsl.jussieu.fr/pub/mirrors/cpan/
+ ftp://distrib-coffee.ipsl.jussieu.fr/pub/mirrors/cpan/
+ http://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/perl/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/perl/CPAN/
+ http://mirror.ibcp.fr/pub/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.oleane.net/pub/CPAN/
+ http://cpan.mirrors.ovh.net/ftp.cpan.org/
+ ftp://cpan.mirrors.ovh.net/ftp.cpan.org/
+ http://cpan.enstimac.fr/
+
+=item Germany
+
+ http://mirror.23media.de/cpan/
+ ftp://mirror.23media.de/cpan/
+ http://artfiles.org/cpan.org/
+ ftp://artfiles.org/cpan.org/
+ http://mirror.bibleonline.ru/cpan/
+ http://mirror.checkdomain.de/CPAN/
+ ftp://mirror.checkdomain.de/CPAN/
+ http://cpan.noris.de/
+ http://mirror.de.leaseweb.net/CPAN/
+ ftp://mirror.de.leaseweb.net/CPAN/
+ http://cpan.mirror.euserv.net/
+ ftp://mirror.euserv.net/cpan/
+ http://ftp-stud.hs-esslingen.de/pub/Mirrors/CPAN/
+ ftp://mirror.fraunhofer.de/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.freenet.de/pub/ftp.cpan.org/pub/CPAN/
+ http://ftp.hosteurope.de/pub/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.hosteurope.de/pub/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.fu-berlin.de/unix/languages/perl/
+ http://ftp.gwdg.de/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.gwdg.de/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/
+ http://ftp.hawo.stw.uni-erlangen.de/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.hawo.stw.uni-erlangen.de/CPAN/
+ http://cpan.mirror.iphh.net/
+ ftp://cpan.mirror.iphh.net/pub/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.mpi-inf.mpg.de/pub/perl/CPAN/
+ http://cpan.netbet.org/
+ http://mirror.netcologne.de/cpan/
+ ftp://mirror.netcologne.de/cpan/
+ ftp://mirror.petamem.com/CPAN/
+ http://www.planet-elektronik.de/CPAN/
+ http://ftp.halifax.rwth-aachen.de/cpan/
+ ftp://ftp.halifax.rwth-aachen.de/cpan/
+ http://mirror.softaculous.com/cpan/
+ http://ftp.u-tx.net/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.u-tx.net/CPAN/
+ http://mirror.reismil.ch/CPAN/
+
+=item Greece
+
+ http://cpan.cc.uoc.gr/mirrors/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.cc.uoc.gr/mirrors/CPAN/
+ http://ftp.ntua.gr/pub/lang/perl/
+ ftp://ftp.ntua.gr/pub/lang/perl/
+
+=item Hungary
+
+ http://mirror.met.hu/CPAN/
+
+=item Ireland
+
+ http://ftp.heanet.ie/mirrors/ftp.perl.org/pub/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.heanet.ie/mirrors/ftp.perl.org/pub/CPAN/
+
+=item Italy
+
+ http://bo.mirror.garr.it/mirrors/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.eutelia.it/CPAN_Mirror/
+ http://cpan.panu.it/
+ ftp://ftp.panu.it/pub/mirrors/perl/CPAN/
+ http://cpan.muzzy.it/
+
+=item Latvia
+
+ http://kvin.lv/pub/CPAN/
+
+=item Lithuania
+
+ http://ftp.litnet.lt/pub/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.litnet.lt/pub/CPAN/
+
+=item Moldova
+
+ http://mirror.as43289.net/pub/CPAN/
+ ftp://mirror.as43289.net/pub/CPAN/
+
+=item Netherlands
+
+ http://cpan.cs.uu.nl/
+ ftp://ftp.cs.uu.nl/pub/CPAN/
+ http://mirror.nl.leaseweb.net/CPAN/
+ ftp://mirror.nl.leaseweb.net/CPAN/
+ http://ftp.nluug.nl/languages/perl/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.nluug.nl/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/
+ http://mirror.transip.net/CPAN/
+ ftp://mirror.transip.net/CPAN/
+ http://cpan.mirror.triple-it.nl/
+ http://ftp.tudelft.nl/cpan/
+ ftp://ftp.tudelft.nl/pub/CPAN/
+ ftp://download.xs4all.nl/pub/mirror/CPAN/
+
+=item Norway
+
+ http://cpan.uib.no/
+ ftp://cpan.uib.no/pub/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.uninett.no/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/
+ http://cpan.vianett.no/
+
+=item Poland
+
+ http://ftp.agh.edu.pl/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.agh.edu.pl/CPAN/
+ http://ftp.piotrkosoft.net/pub/mirrors/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.piotrkosoft.net/pub/mirrors/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.ps.pl/pub/CPAN/
+ http://sunsite.icm.edu.pl/pub/CPAN/
+ ftp://sunsite.icm.edu.pl/pub/CPAN/
+
+=item Portugal
+
+ http://cpan.dcc.fc.up.pt/
+ http://mirrors.fe.up.pt/pub/CPAN/
+ http://cpan.perl-hackers.net/
+ http://cpan.perl.pt/
+
+=item Romania
+
+ http://mirrors.hostingromania.ro/cpan.org/
+ ftp://ftp.lug.ro/CPAN/
+ http://mirrors.m247.ro/CPAN/
+ http://mirrors.evowise.com/CPAN/
+ http://mirrors.teentelecom.net/CPAN/
+ ftp://mirrors.teentelecom.net/CPAN/
+ http://mirrors.xservers.ro/CPAN/
+
+=item Russian Federation
+
+ ftp://ftp.aha.ru/CPAN/
+ http://cpan.rinet.ru/
+ ftp://cpan.rinet.ru/pub/mirror/CPAN/
+ http://cpan-mirror.rbc.ru/pub/CPAN/
+ http://mirror.rol.ru/CPAN/
+ http://cpan.uni-altai.ru/
+ http://cpan.webdesk.ru/
+ ftp://cpan.webdesk.ru/cpan/
+ http://mirror.yandex.ru/mirrors/cpan/
+ ftp://mirror.yandex.ru/mirrors/cpan/
+
+=item Serbia
+
+ http://mirror.sbb.rs/CPAN/
+ ftp://mirror.sbb.rs/CPAN/
+
+=item Slovakia
+
+ http://cpan.lnx.sk/
+ http://tux.rainside.sk/CPAN/
+ ftp://tux.rainside.sk/CPAN/
+
+=item Slovenia
+
+ http://ftp.arnes.si/software/perl/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.arnes.si/software/perl/CPAN/
+
+=item Spain
+
+ http://mirrors.evowise.com/CPAN/
+ http://osl.ugr.es/CPAN/
+ http://ftp.rediris.es/mirror/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.rediris.es/mirror/CPAN/
+
+=item Sweden
+
+ http://ftp.acc.umu.se/mirror/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.acc.umu.se/mirror/CPAN/
+
+=item Switzerland
+
+ http://www.pirbot.com/mirrors/cpan/
+ http://mirror.switch.ch/ftp/mirror/CPAN/
+ ftp://mirror.switch.ch/mirror/CPAN/
+
+=item Ukraine
+
+ http://cpan.ip-connect.vn.ua/
+ ftp://cpan.ip-connect.vn.ua/mirror/cpan/
+
+=item United Kingdom
+
+ http://cpan.mirror.anlx.net/
+ ftp://ftp.mirror.anlx.net/CPAN/
+ http://mirror.bytemark.co.uk/CPAN/
+ ftp://mirror.bytemark.co.uk/CPAN/
+ http://mirrors.coreix.net/CPAN/
+ http://cpan.etla.org/
+ ftp://cpan.etla.org/pub/CPAN/
+ http://cpan.cpantesters.org/
+ http://mirror.sax.uk.as61049.net/CPAN/
+ http://mirror.sov.uk.goscomb.net/CPAN/
+ http://www.mirrorservice.org/sites/cpan.perl.org/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.mirrorservice.org/sites/cpan.perl.org/CPAN/
+ http://mirror.ox.ac.uk/sites/www.cpan.org/
+ ftp://mirror.ox.ac.uk/sites/www.cpan.org/
+ http://ftp.ticklers.org/pub/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.ticklers.org/pub/CPAN/
+ http://cpan.mirrors.uk2.net/
+ ftp://mirrors.uk2.net/pub/CPAN/
+ http://mirror.ukhost4u.com/CPAN/
+
+=back
+
+=head2 North America
+
+=over 4
+
+=item Canada
-=item Africa
-
- South Africa ftp://ftp.is.co.za/programming/perl/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.saix.net/pub/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.sun.ac.za/CPAN/
- ftp://ftpza.co.za/pub/mirrors/cpan/
-
-
-=item Asia
-
- China ftp://freesoft.cei.gov.cn/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/
- Hong Kong ftp://ftp.pacific.net.hk/pub/mirror/CPAN/
- Indonesia ftp://malone.piksi.itb.ac.id/pub/CPAN/
- Israel ftp://bioinfo.weizmann.ac.il/pub/software/perl/CPAN/
- Japan ftp://ftp.dti.ad.jp/pub/lang/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.jaist.ac.jp/pub/lang/perl/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.lab.kdd.co.jp/lang/perl/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.meisei-u.ac.jp/pub/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.ring.gr.jp/pub/lang/perl/CPAN/
- ftp://mirror.nucba.ac.jp/mirror/Perl/
- Saudi-Arabia ftp://ftp.isu.net.sa/pub/CPAN/
- Singapore ftp://ftp.nus.edu.sg/pub/unix/perl/CPAN/
- South Korea ftp://ftp.bora.net/pub/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.kornet.net/pub/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.nuri.net/pub/CPAN/
- Taiwan ftp://coda.nctu.edu.tw/computer-languages/perl/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.ee.ncku.edu.tw/pub3/perl/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp1.sinica.edu.tw/pub1/perl/CPAN/
- Thailand ftp://ftp.nectec.or.th/pub/mirrors/CPAN/
-
-
-=item Australasia
-
- Australia ftp://cpan.topend.com.au/pub/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.labyrinth.net.au/pub/perl-CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.sage-au.org.au/pub/compilers/perl/CPAN/
- ftp://mirror.aarnet.edu.au/pub/perl/CPAN/
- New Zealand ftp://ftp.auckland.ac.nz/pub/perl/CPAN/
- ftp://sunsite.net.nz/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/
-
-
-=item Central America
-
- Costa Rica ftp://ftp.ucr.ac.cr/pub/Unix/CPAN/
-
-
-=item Europe
-
- Austria ftp://ftp.tuwien.ac.at/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/
- Belgium ftp://ftp.kulnet.kuleuven.ac.be/pub/mirror/CPAN/
- Bulgaria ftp://ftp.ntrl.net/pub/mirrors/CPAN/
- Croatia ftp://ftp.linux.hr/pub/CPAN/
- Czech Republic ftp://ftp.fi.muni.cz/pub/perl/
- ftp://sunsite.mff.cuni.cz/Languages/Perl/CPAN/
- Denmark ftp://sunsite.auc.dk/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/
- Estonia ftp://ftp.ut.ee/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/
- Finland ftp://ftp.funet.fi/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/
- France ftp://ftp.grolier.fr/pub/perl/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/perl/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.oleane.net/pub/mirrors/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.pasteur.fr/pub/computing/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.uvsq.fr/pub/perl/CPAN/
- German ftp://ftp.gigabell.net/pub/CPAN/
- Germany ftp://ftp.archive.de.uu.net/pub/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.freenet.de/pub/ftp.cpan.org/pub/
- ftp://ftp.gmd.de/packages/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.gwdg.de/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/
-
-ftp://ftp.leo.org/pub/comp/general/programming/languages/script/perl/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.mpi-sb.mpg.de/pub/perl/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.rz.ruhr-uni-bochum.de/pub/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.uni-erlangen.de/pub/source/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.uni-hamburg.de/pub/soft/lang/perl/CPAN/
- Germany ftp://ftp.archive.de.uu.net/pub/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.freenet.de/pub/ftp.cpan.org/pub/
- ftp://ftp.gmd.de/packages/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.gwdg.de/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/
-
-ftp://ftp.leo.org/pub/comp/general/programming/languages/script/perl/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.mpi-sb.mpg.de/pub/perl/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.rz.ruhr-uni-bochum.de/pub/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.uni-erlangen.de/pub/source/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.uni-hamburg.de/pub/soft/lang/perl/CPAN/
- Greece ftp://ftp.ntua.gr/pub/lang/perl/
- Hungary ftp://ftp.kfki.hu/pub/packages/perl/CPAN/
- Iceland ftp://ftp.gm.is/pub/CPAN/
- Ireland ftp://cpan.indigo.ie/pub/CPAN/
- ftp://sunsite.compapp.dcu.ie/pub/perl/
- Italy ftp://cis.uniRoma2.it/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.flashnet.it/pub/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.unina.it/pub/Other/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.unipi.it/pub/mirror/perl/CPAN/
- Netherlands ftp://ftp.cs.uu.nl/mirror/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.nluug.nl/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/
- Norway ftp://ftp.uit.no/pub/languages/perl/cpan/
- ftp://sunsite.uio.no/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/
- Poland ftp://ftp.man.torun.pl/pub/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.pk.edu.pl/pub/lang/perl/CPAN/
- ftp://sunsite.icm.edu.pl/pub/CPAN/
- Portugal ftp://ftp.ci.uminho.pt/pub/mirrors/cpan/
- ftp://ftp.ist.utl.pt/pub/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.ua.pt/pub/CPAN/
- Romania ftp://ftp.dnttm.ro/pub/CPAN/
- Russia ftp://ftp.chg.ru/pub/lang/perl/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.sai.msu.su/pub/lang/perl/CPAN/
- Slovakia ftp://ftp.entry.sk/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/
- Slovenia ftp://ftp.arnes.si/software/perl/CPAN/
- Spain ftp://ftp.etse.urv.es/pub/perl/
- ftp://ftp.rediris.es/mirror/CPAN/
- Sweden ftp://ftp.sunet.se/pub/lang/perl/CPAN/
- Switzerland ftp://sunsite.cnlab-switch.ch/mirror/CPAN/
- Turkey ftp://sunsite.bilkent.edu.tr/pub/languages/CPAN/
- United Kingdom ftp://ftp.demon.co.uk/pub/mirrors/perl/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.flirble.org/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/
-
-ftp://ftp.mirror.ac.uk/sites/ftp.funet.fi/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.plig.org/pub/CPAN/
- ftp://sunsite.doc.ic.ac.uk/packages/CPAN/
-
-
-=item North America
-
- Alberta ftp://sunsite.ualberta.ca/pub/Mirror/CPAN/
- California ftp://cpan.nas.nasa.gov/pub/perl/CPAN/
- ftp://cpan.valueclick.com/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.cdrom.com/pub/perl/CPAN/
- http://download.sourceforge.net/mirrors/CPAN/
- Colorado ftp://ftp.cs.colorado.edu/pub/perl/CPAN/
- Florida ftp://ftp.cise.ufl.edu/pub/perl/CPAN/
- Georgia ftp://ftp.twoguys.org/CPAN/
- Illinois ftp://uiarchive.uiuc.edu/pub/lang/perl/CPAN/
- Indiana ftp://csociety-ftp.ecn.purdue.edu/pub/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.uwsg.indiana.edu/pub/perl/CPAN/
- Kentucky ftp://ftp.uky.edu/CPAN/
- Manitoba ftp://theoryx5.uwinnipeg.ca/pub/CPAN/
- Massachusetts
-ftp://ftp.ccs.neu.edu/net/mirrors/ftp.funet.fi/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.iguide.com/pub/mirrors/packages/perl/CPAN/
- Mexico ftp://ftp.msg.com.mx/pub/CPAN/
- New York ftp://ftp.deao.net/pub/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.rge.com/pub/languages/perl/
- North Carolina ftp://ftp.duke.edu/pub/perl/
- Nova Scotia ftp://cpan.chebucto.ns.ca/pub/CPAN/
- Oklahoma ftp://ftp.ou.edu/mirrors/CPAN/
- Ontario ftp://ftp.crc.ca/pub/packages/lang/perl/CPAN/
- Oregon ftp://ftp.orst.edu/pub/packages/CPAN/
- Pennsylvania ftp://ftp.epix.net/pub/languages/perl/
- Tennessee ftp://ftp.sunsite.utk.edu/pub/CPAN/
- Texas ftp://ftp.sedl.org/pub/mirrors/CPAN/
- ftp://jhcloos.com/pub/mirror/CPAN/
- Utah ftp://mirror.xmission.com/CPAN/
- Virginia ftp://ftp.perl.org/pub/perl/CPAN/
- ftp://ruff.cs.jmu.edu/pub/CPAN/
- Washington ftp://ftp-mirror.internap.com/pub/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.llarian.net/pub/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.spu.edu/pub/CPAN/
-
-
-=item South America
-
- Brazil ftp://cpan.if.usp.br/pub/mirror/CPAN/
- ftp://ftp.matrix.com.br/pub/perl/
- Chile ftp://sunsite.dcc.uchile.cl/pub/Lang/PERL/
+ http://CPAN.mirror.rafal.ca/
+ ftp://CPAN.mirror.rafal.ca/pub/CPAN/
+ http://mirror.csclub.uwaterloo.ca/CPAN/
+ ftp://mirror.csclub.uwaterloo.ca/CPAN/
+ http://mirrors.gossamer-threads.com/CPAN/
+ http://mirror.its.dal.ca/cpan/
+ ftp://mirror.its.dal.ca/cpan/
+ ftp://ftp.ottix.net/pub/CPAN/
+
+=item Costa Rica
+
+ http://mirrors.ucr.ac.cr/CPAN/
+
+=item Mexico
+
+ http://www.msg.com.mx/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.msg.com.mx/pub/CPAN/
+
+=item United States
+
+=over 8
+
+=item Alabama
+
+ http://mirror.teklinks.com/CPAN/
+
+=item Arizona
+
+ http://mirror.n5tech.com/CPAN/
+ http://mirrors.namecheap.com/CPAN/
+ ftp://mirrors.namecheap.com/CPAN/
+
+=item California
+
+ http://cpan.develooper.com/
+ http://httpupdate127.cpanel.net/CPAN/
+ http://mirrors.sonic.net/cpan/
+ ftp://mirrors.sonic.net/cpan/
+ http://www.perl.com/CPAN/
+ http://cpan.yimg.com/
+
+=item Idaho
+
+ http://mirrors.syringanetworks.net/CPAN/
+ ftp://mirrors.syringanetworks.net/CPAN/
+
+=item Illinois
+
+ http://cpan.mirrors.hoobly.com/
+ http://mirror.team-cymru.org/CPAN/
+ ftp://mirror.team-cymru.org/CPAN/
+
+=item Indiana
+
+ http://cpan.netnitco.net/
+ ftp://cpan.netnitco.net/pub/mirrors/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.uwsg.iu.edu/pub/perl/CPAN/
+
+=item Kansas
+
+ http://mirrors.concertpass.com/cpan/
+
+=item Massachusetts
+
+ http://mirrors.ccs.neu.edu/CPAN/
+
+=item Michigan
+
+ http://cpan.cse.msu.edu/
+ ftp://cpan.cse.msu.edu/
+ http://httpupdate118.cpanel.net/CPAN/
+ http://mirrors-usa.go-parts.com/cpan/
+ http://ftp.wayne.edu/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.wayne.edu/CPAN/
+
+=item New Hampshire
+
+ http://mirror.metrocast.net/cpan/
+
+=item New Jersey
+
+ http://mirror.datapipe.net/CPAN/
+ ftp://mirror.datapipe.net/pub/CPAN/
+ http://www.hoovism.com/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.hoovism.com/CPAN/
+ http://cpan.mirror.nac.net/
+
+=item New York
+
+ http://mirror.cc.columbia.edu/pub/software/cpan/
+ ftp://mirror.cc.columbia.edu/pub/software/cpan/
+ http://cpan.belfry.net/
+ http://cpan.erlbaum.net/
+ ftp://cpan.erlbaum.net/CPAN/
+ http://cpan.hexten.net/
+ ftp://cpan.hexten.net/
+ http://mirror.nyi.net/CPAN/
+ ftp://mirror.nyi.net/pub/CPAN/
+ http://noodle.portalus.net/CPAN/
+ ftp://noodle.portalus.net/CPAN/
+ http://mirrors.rit.edu/CPAN/
+ ftp://mirrors.rit.edu/CPAN/
+
+=item North Carolina
+
+ http://httpupdate140.cpanel.net/CPAN/
+ http://mirrors.ibiblio.org/CPAN/
+
+=item Oregon
+
+ http://ftp.osuosl.org/pub/CPAN/
+ ftp://ftp.osuosl.org/pub/CPAN/
+ http://mirror.uoregon.edu/CPAN/
+
+=item Pennsylvania
+
+ http://cpan.pair.com/
+ ftp://cpan.pair.com/pub/CPAN/
+ http://cpan.mirrors.ionfish.org/
+
+=item South Carolina
+
+ http://cpan.mirror.clemson.edu/
+
+=item Texas
+
+ http://mirror.uta.edu/CPAN/
+
+=item Utah
+
+ http://cpan.cs.utah.edu/
+ ftp://cpan.cs.utah.edu/CPAN/
+ ftp://mirror.xmission.com/CPAN/
+
+=item Virginia
+
+ http://mirror.cogentco.com/pub/CPAN/
+ ftp://mirror.cogentco.com/pub/CPAN/
+ http://mirror.jmu.edu/pub/CPAN/
+ ftp://mirror.jmu.edu/pub/CPAN/
+ http://mirror.us.leaseweb.net/CPAN/
+ ftp://mirror.us.leaseweb.net/CPAN/
+
+=item Washington
+
+ http://cpan.llarian.net/
+ ftp://cpan.llarian.net/pub/CPAN/
+
+=item Wisconsin
+
+ http://cpan.mirrors.tds.net/
+ ftp://cpan.mirrors.tds.net/pub/CPAN/
+
+=back
+
+=back
+
+=head2 Oceania
+
+=over 4
+
+=item Australia
+
+ http://mirror.as24220.net/pub/cpan/
+ ftp://mirror.as24220.net/pub/cpan/
+ http://cpan.mirrors.ilisys.com.au/
+ http://cpan.mirror.digitalpacific.com.au/
+ ftp://mirror.internode.on.net/pub/cpan/
+ http://mirror.optusnet.com.au/CPAN/
+ http://cpan.mirror.serversaustralia.com.au/
+ http://cpan.uberglobalmirror.com/
+ http://mirror.waia.asn.au/pub/cpan/
+
+=item New Caledonia
+
+ http://cpan.lagoon.nc/pub/CPAN/
+ ftp://cpan.lagoon.nc/pub/CPAN/
+ http://cpan.nautile.nc/CPAN/
+ ftp://cpan.nautile.nc/CPAN/
+
+=item New Zealand
+
+ ftp://ftp.auckland.ac.nz/pub/perl/CPAN/
+ http://cpan.catalyst.net.nz/CPAN/
+ ftp://cpan.catalyst.net.nz/pub/CPAN/
+ http://cpan.inspire.net.nz/
+ ftp://cpan.inspire.net.nz/cpan/
+ http://mirror.webtastix.net/CPAN/
+ ftp://mirror.webtastix.net/CPAN/
+
+=back
+
+=head2 South America
+
+=over 4
+
+=item Argentina
+
+ http://cpan.mmgdesigns.com.ar/
+
+=item Brazil
+
+ http://cpan.kinghost.net/
+ http://linorg.usp.br/CPAN/
+ http://mirror.nbtelecom.com.br/CPAN/
+
+=item Chile
+
+ http://cpan.dcc.uchile.cl/
+ ftp://cpan.dcc.uchile.cl/pub/lang/cpan/
=back
+=head2 RSYNC Mirrors
+
+ rsync://ftp.is.co.za/IS-Mirror/ftp.cpan.org/
+ rsync://mirror.ac.za/CPAN/
+ rsync://mirror.zol.co.zw/CPAN/
+ rsync://mirror.dhakacom.com/CPAN/
+ rsync://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/CPAN/
+ rsync://mirrors.xmu.edu.cn/CPAN/
+ rsync://kambing.ui.ac.id/CPAN/
+ rsync://ftp.jaist.ac.jp/pub/CPAN/
+ rsync://mirror.jre655.com/CPAN/
+ rsync://ftp.kddilabs.jp/cpan/
+ rsync://ftp.nara.wide.ad.jp/cpan/
+ rsync://ftp.riken.jp/cpan/
+ rsync://mirror.neolabs.kz/CPAN/
+ rsync://mirror.qnren.qa/CPAN/
+ rsync://ftp.neowiz.com/CPAN/
+ rsync://mirror.0x.sg/CPAN/
+ rsync://ftp.yzu.edu.tw/pub/CPAN/
+ rsync://ftp.ubuntu-tw.org/CPAN/
+ rsync://mirrors.digipower.vn/CPAN/
+ rsync://cpan.inode.at/CPAN/
+ rsync://ftp.byfly.by/CPAN/
+ rsync://mirror.datacenter.by/CPAN/
+ rsync://ftp.belnet.be/cpan/
+ rsync://cpan.mirror.ba/CPAN/
+ rsync://mirrors.neterra.net/CPAN/
+ rsync://mirrors.netix.net/CPAN/
+ rsync://mirror.dkm.cz/cpan/
+ rsync://mirrors.nic.cz/CPAN/
+ rsync://cpan.mirror.vutbr.cz/cpan/
+ rsync://rsync.nic.funet.fi/CPAN/
+ rsync://ftp.ciril.fr/pub/cpan/
+ rsync://distrib-coffee.ipsl.jussieu.fr/pub/mirrors/cpan/
+ rsync://cpan.mirrors.ovh.net/CPAN/
+ rsync://mirror.de.leaseweb.net/CPAN/
+ rsync://mirror.euserv.net/cpan/
+ rsync://ftp-stud.hs-esslingen.de/CPAN/
+ rsync://ftp.gwdg.de/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/
+ rsync://ftp.hawo.stw.uni-erlangen.de/CPAN/
+ rsync://cpan.mirror.iphh.net/CPAN/
+ rsync://mirror.netcologne.de/cpan/
+ rsync://ftp.halifax.rwth-aachen.de/cpan/
+ rsync://ftp.ntua.gr/CPAN/
+ rsync://mirror.met.hu/CPAN/
+ rsync://ftp.heanet.ie/mirrors/ftp.perl.org/pub/CPAN/
+ rsync://rsync.panu.it/CPAN/
+ rsync://mirror.as43289.net/CPAN/
+ rsync://rsync.cs.uu.nl/CPAN/
+ rsync://mirror.nl.leaseweb.net/CPAN/
+ rsync://ftp.nluug.nl/CPAN/
+ rsync://mirror.transip.net/CPAN/
+ rsync://cpan.uib.no/cpan/
+ rsync://cpan.vianett.no/CPAN/
+ rsync://cpan.perl-hackers.net/CPAN/
+ rsync://cpan.perl.pt/cpan/
+ rsync://mirrors.m247.ro/CPAN/
+ rsync://mirrors.teentelecom.net/CPAN/
+ rsync://cpan.webdesk.ru/CPAN/
+ rsync://mirror.yandex.ru/mirrors/cpan/
+ rsync://mirror.sbb.rs/CPAN/
+ rsync://ftp.acc.umu.se/mirror/CPAN/
+ rsync://rsync.pirbot.com/ftp/cpan/
+ rsync://cpan.ip-connect.vn.ua/CPAN/
+ rsync://rsync.mirror.anlx.net/CPAN/
+ rsync://mirror.bytemark.co.uk/CPAN/
+ rsync://mirror.sax.uk.as61049.net/CPAN/
+ rsync://rsync.mirrorservice.org/cpan.perl.org/CPAN/
+ rsync://ftp.ticklers.org/CPAN/
+ rsync://mirrors.uk2.net/CPAN/
+ rsync://CPAN.mirror.rafal.ca/CPAN/
+ rsync://mirror.csclub.uwaterloo.ca/CPAN/
+ rsync://mirrors.namecheap.com/CPAN/
+ rsync://mirrors.syringanetworks.net/CPAN/
+ rsync://mirror.team-cymru.org/CPAN/
+ rsync://debian.cse.msu.edu/cpan/
+ rsync://mirrors-usa.go-parts.com/mirrors/cpan/
+ rsync://rsync.hoovism.com/CPAN/
+ rsync://mirror.cc.columbia.edu/cpan/
+ rsync://noodle.portalus.net/CPAN/
+ rsync://mirrors.rit.edu/cpan/
+ rsync://mirrors.ibiblio.org/CPAN/
+ rsync://cpan.pair.com/CPAN/
+ rsync://cpan.cs.utah.edu/CPAN/
+ rsync://mirror.cogentco.com/CPAN/
+ rsync://mirror.jmu.edu/CPAN/
+ rsync://mirror.us.leaseweb.net/CPAN/
+ rsync://cpan.mirror.digitalpacific.com.au/cpan/
+ rsync://mirror.internode.on.net/cpan/
+ rsync://uberglobalmirror.com/cpan/
+ rsync://cpan.lagoon.nc/cpan/
+ rsync://mirrors.mmgdesigns.com.ar/CPAN/
+
+
For an up-to-date listing of CPAN sites,
-see http://www.perl.com/perl/CPAN/SITES or ftp://www.perl.com/CPAN/SITES .
+see L<http://www.cpan.org/SITES> or L<ftp://www.cpan.org/SITES>.
=head1 Modules: Creation, Use, and Abuse
totally transparent to the user of the module. Likewise, the module
might set up an AUTOLOAD function to slurp in subroutine definitions on
demand, but this is also transparent. Only the F<.pm> file is required to
-exist. See L<perlsub>, L<perl
toot>, and L<AutoLoader> for details about
+exist. See L<perlsub>, L<perl
obj>, and L<AutoLoader> for details about
the AUTOLOAD mechanism.
=head2 Guidelines for Module Creation
=over 4
-=item Do similar modules already exist in some form?
+=item *
+
+Do similar modules already exist in some form?
If so, please try to reuse the existing modules either in whole or
by inheriting useful features into a new class. If this is not
helps if you follow the same naming scheme and module interaction
scheme as the original author.
-=item Try to design the new module to be easy to extend and reuse.
+=item *
+
+Try to design the new module to be easy to extend and reuse.
Try to C<use warnings;> (or C<use warnings qw(...);>).
Remember that you can add C<no warnings qw(...);> to individual blocks
class names as far as possible.
Avoid C<< $r->Class::func() >> where using C<@ISA=qw(... Class ...)> and
-C<< $r->func() >> would work (see L<perlbot> for more details).
+C<< $r->func() >> would work.
Use autosplit so little used or newly added functions won't be a
burden to programs that don't use them. Add test functions to
Does your module pass the 'empty subclass' test? If you say
C<@SUBCLASS::ISA = qw(YOURCLASS);> your applications should be able
to use SUBCLASS in exactly the same way as YOURCLASS. For example,
-does your application still work if you change: C<$obj = new YOURCLASS;>
-into: C<$obj = new SUBCLASS;> ?
+does your application still work if you change: C<< $obj = YOURCLASS->new(); >>
+into: C<< $obj = SUBCLASS->new(); >> ?
Avoid keeping any state information in your packages. It makes it
difficult for multiple other packages to use yours. Keep state
Always use B<-w>.
-Follow the guidelines in the perlstyle(1) manual.
+Follow the guidelines in L<perlstyle>.
Always use B<-w>.
-=item Some simple style guidelines
+=item *
+
+Some simple style guidelines
The perlstyle manual supplied with Perl has many helpful points.
You can use a leading underscore to indicate that a variable or
function should not be used outside the package that defined it.
-=item Select what to export.
+=item *
+
+Select what to export.
Do NOT export method names!
then export nothing. If it's just a collection of functions then
@EXPORT_OK anything but use @EXPORT with caution.
-=item Select a name for the module.
+=item *
+
+Select a name for the module.
This name should be as descriptive, accurate, and complete as
possible. Avoid any risk of ambiguity. Always try to use two or
Having 57 modules all called Sort will not make life easy for anyone
(though having 23 called Sort::Quick is only marginally better :-).
Imagine someone trying to install your module alongside many others.
-If in any doubt ask for suggestions in comp.lang.perl.misc.
If you are developing a suite of related modules/classes it's good
practice to use nested classes with a common prefix as this will
11 characters. If it might be used on MS-DOS then try to ensure each is
unique in the first 8 characters. Nested modules make this easier.
-=item Have you got it right?
+For additional guidance on the naming of modules, please consult:
+
+ http://pause.perl.org/pause/query?ACTION=pause_namingmodules
+
+or send mail to the <module-authors@perl.org> mailing list.
+
+=item *
+
+Have you got it right?
How do you know that you've made the right decisions? Have you
picked an interface design that will cause problems later? Have
you picked the most appropriate name? Do you have any questions?
The best way to know for sure, and pick up many helpful suggestions,
-is to ask someone who knows. Comp.lang.perl.misc is read by just about
-all the people who develop modules and it's the best place to ask.
+is to ask someone who knows. The <module-authors@perl.org> mailing list
+is useful for this purpose; it's also accessible via news interface as
+perl.module-authors at nntp.perl.org.
All you need to do is post a short summary of the module, its
purpose and interfaces. A few lines on each of the main methods is
ready - just say so in the message. It might be worth inviting
others to help you, they may be able to complete it for you!
-=item README and other Additional Files.
+=item *
+
+README and other Additional Files.
It's well known that software developers usually fully document the
software they write. If, however, the world is in urgent need of
=over 10
=item *
+
A description of the module/package/extension etc.
=item *
+
A copyright notice - see below.
=item *
+
Prerequisites - what else you may need to have.
=item *
+
How to build it - possible changes to Makefile.PL etc.
=item *
+
How to install it.
=item *
+
Recent changes in this release, especially incompatibilities
=item *
+
Changes / enhancements you plan to make in the future.
=back
=over 4
-=item Adding a Copyright Notice.
+=item *
+
+Adding a Copyright Notice.
How you choose to license your work is a personal decision.
The general mechanism is to assert your Copyright and then make
a declaration of how others may copy/use/modify your work.
-Perl, for example, is supplied with two types of licence: The GNU
-GPL and The Artistic Licence (see the files README, Copying, and
-Artistic). Larry has good reasons for NOT just using the GNU GPL.
+Perl, for example, is supplied with two types of licence: The GNU GPL
+and The Artistic Licence (see the files README, Copying, and Artistic,
+or L<perlgpl> and L<perlartistic>). Larry has good reasons for NOT
+just using the GNU GPL.
My personal recommendation, out of respect for Larry, Perl, and the
Perl community at large is to state something simply like:
also wish to include it in a Copying file and your source files.
Remember to include the other words in addition to the Copyright.
-=item Give the module a version/issue/release number.
+=item *
+
+Give the module a version/issue/release number.
To be fully compatible with the Exporter and MakeMaker modules you
should store your module's version number in a non-my package
-variable called $VERSION. This should be a floating point
+variable called $VERSION. This should be a positive floating point
number with at least two digits after the decimal (i.e., hundredths,
e.g, C<$VERSION = "0.01">). Don't use a "1.3.2" style version.
See L<Exporter> for details.
releasing the module (ModuleName-1.02.tar.Z).
See perldoc ExtUtils::MakeMaker.pm for details.
-=item How to release and distribute a module.
-
-It's good idea to post an announcement of the availability of your
-module (or the module itself if small) to the comp.lang.perl.announce
-Usenet newsgroup. This will at least ensure very wide once-off
-distribution.
-
-If possible, register the module with CPAN. You should
-include details of its location in your announcement.
-
-Some notes about ftp archives: Please use a long descriptive file
-name that includes the version number. Most incoming directories
-will not be readable/listable, i.e., you won't be able to see your
-file after uploading it. Remember to send your email notification
-message as soon as possible after uploading else your file may get
-deleted automatically. Allow time for the file to be processed
-and/or check the file has been processed before announcing its
-location.
+=item *
-FTP Archives for Perl Modules:
+How to release and distribute a module.
-Follow the instructions and links on:
+If possible, register the module with CPAN. Follow the instructions
+and links on:
- http://www.perl.com/CPAN/modules/00modlist.long.html
- http://www.perl.com/CPAN/modules/04pause.html
+ http://www.cpan.org/modules/04pause.html
-or upload to one of these sites:
+and upload to:
- https://pause.kbx.de/pause/
- http://pause.perl.org/pause/
+ http://pause.perl.org/
-and notify <modules@perl.org>.
+and notify <modules@perl.org>. This will allow anyone to install
+your module using the C<cpan> tool distributed with Perl.
By using the WWW interface you can ask the Upload Server to mirror
your modules from your ftp or WWW site into your own directory on
CPAN!
-Please remember to send me an updated entry for the Module list!
+=item *
-=item Take care when changing a released module.
+Take care when changing a released module.
Always strive to remain compatible with previous released versions.
Otherwise try to add a mechanism to revert to the
=over 4
-=item There is no requirement to convert anything.
+=item *
+
+There is no requirement to convert anything.
If it ain't broke, don't fix it! Perl 4 library scripts should
continue to work with no problems. You may need to make some minor
changes (like escaping non-array @'s in double quoted strings) but
there is no need to convert a .pl file into a Module for just that.
-=item Consider the implications.
+=item *
+
+Consider the implications.
All Perl applications that make use of the script will need to
be changed (slightly) if the script is converted into a module. Is
it worth it unless you plan to make other changes at the same time?
-=item Make the most of the opportunity.
+=item *
+
+Make the most of the opportunity.
If you are going to convert the script to a module you can use the
opportunity to redesign the interface. The guidelines for module
creation above include many of the issues you should consider.
-=item The pl2pm utility will get you started.
+=item *
+
+The pl2pm utility will get you started.
This utility will read *.pl files (given as parameters) and write
corresponding *.pm files. The pl2pm utilities does the following:
=over 10
=item *
+
Adds the standard Module prologue lines
=item *
+
Converts package specifiers from ' to ::
=item *
+
Converts die(...) to croak(...)
=item *
+
Several other minor changes
=back
=over 4
-=item Complete applications rarely belong in the Perl Module Library.
+=item *
+
+Complete applications rarely belong in the Perl Module Library.
+
+=item *
-=item Many applications contain some Perl code that could be reused.
+Many applications contain some Perl code that could be reused.
Help save the world! Share your code in a form that makes it easy
to reuse.
-=item Break-out the reusable code into one or more separate module files.
+=item *
+
+Break-out the reusable code into one or more separate module files.
+
+=item *
+
+Take the opportunity to reconsider and redesign the interfaces.
-=item Take the opportunity to reconsider and redesign the interfaces.
+=item *
-=item In some cases the 'application' can then be reduced to a small
+In some cases the 'application' can then be reduced to a small
fragment of code built on top of the reusable modules. In these cases
the application could invoked as:
written contract for the module (A.K.A. documentation) may make other
provisions. But then you know when you C<use RedefineTheWorld> that
you're redefining the world and willing to take the consequences.
-EOF
-close MANIFEST or warn "$0: failed to close MANIFEST (../MANIFEST): $!";
-close OUT or warn "$0: failed to close OUT (perlmodlib.tmp): $!";
+=cut
+read_only_bottom_close_and_rename($out);
https://perl5.git.perl.org / perl5.git / blobdiff