| 1 | package File::Spec::VMS; |
| 2 | |
| 3 | use strict; |
| 4 | use vars qw(@ISA $VERSION); |
| 5 | require File::Spec::Unix; |
| 6 | |
| 7 | $VERSION = '3.2701'; |
| 8 | |
| 9 | @ISA = qw(File::Spec::Unix); |
| 10 | |
| 11 | use File::Basename; |
| 12 | use VMS::Filespec; |
| 13 | |
| 14 | =head1 NAME |
| 15 | |
| 16 | File::Spec::VMS - methods for VMS file specs |
| 17 | |
| 18 | =head1 SYNOPSIS |
| 19 | |
| 20 | require File::Spec::VMS; # Done internally by File::Spec if needed |
| 21 | |
| 22 | =head1 DESCRIPTION |
| 23 | |
| 24 | See File::Spec::Unix for a documentation of the methods provided |
| 25 | there. This package overrides the implementation of these methods, not |
| 26 | the semantics. |
| 27 | |
| 28 | =over 4 |
| 29 | |
| 30 | =item canonpath (override) |
| 31 | |
| 32 | Removes redundant portions of file specifications according to VMS syntax. |
| 33 | |
| 34 | =cut |
| 35 | |
| 36 | sub canonpath { |
| 37 | my($self,$path) = @_; |
| 38 | |
| 39 | return undef unless defined $path; |
| 40 | |
| 41 | if ($path =~ m|/|) { # Fake Unix |
| 42 | my $pathify = $path =~ m|/\Z(?!\n)|; |
| 43 | $path = $self->SUPER::canonpath($path); |
| 44 | if ($pathify) { return vmspath($path); } |
| 45 | else { return vmsify($path); } |
| 46 | } |
| 47 | else { |
| 48 | $path =~ tr/<>/[]/; # < and > ==> [ and ] |
| 49 | $path =~ s/\]\[\./\.\]\[/g; # ][. ==> .][ |
| 50 | $path =~ s/\[000000\.\]\[/\[/g; # [000000.][ ==> [ |
| 51 | $path =~ s/\[000000\./\[/g; # [000000. ==> [ |
| 52 | $path =~ s/\.\]\[000000\]/\]/g; # .][000000] ==> ] |
| 53 | $path =~ s/\.\]\[/\./g; # foo.][bar ==> foo.bar |
| 54 | 1 while ($path =~ s/([\[\.])(-+)\.(-+)([\.\]])/$1$2$3$4/); |
| 55 | # That loop does the following |
| 56 | # with any amount of dashes: |
| 57 | # .-.-. ==> .--. |
| 58 | # [-.-. ==> [--. |
| 59 | # .-.-] ==> .--] |
| 60 | # [-.-] ==> [--] |
| 61 | 1 while ($path =~ s/([\[\.])[^\]\.]+\.-(-+)([\]\.])/$1$2$3/); |
| 62 | # That loop does the following |
| 63 | # with any amount (minimum 2) |
| 64 | # of dashes: |
| 65 | # .foo.--. ==> .-. |
| 66 | # .foo.--] ==> .-] |
| 67 | # [foo.--. ==> [-. |
| 68 | # [foo.--] ==> [-] |
| 69 | # |
| 70 | # And then, the remaining cases |
| 71 | $path =~ s/\[\.-/[-/; # [.- ==> [- |
| 72 | $path =~ s/\.[^\]\.]+\.-\./\./g; # .foo.-. ==> . |
| 73 | $path =~ s/\[[^\]\.]+\.-\./\[/g; # [foo.-. ==> [ |
| 74 | $path =~ s/\.[^\]\.]+\.-\]/\]/g; # .foo.-] ==> ] |
| 75 | $path =~ s/\[[^\]\.]+\.-\]/\[000000\]/g;# [foo.-] ==> [000000] |
| 76 | $path =~ s/\[\]// unless $path eq '[]'; # [] ==> |
| 77 | return $path; |
| 78 | } |
| 79 | } |
| 80 | |
| 81 | =item catdir (override) |
| 82 | |
| 83 | Concatenates a list of file specifications, and returns the result as a |
| 84 | VMS-syntax directory specification. No check is made for "impossible" |
| 85 | cases (e.g. elements other than the first being absolute filespecs). |
| 86 | |
| 87 | =cut |
| 88 | |
| 89 | sub catdir { |
| 90 | my $self = shift; |
| 91 | my $dir = pop; |
| 92 | my @dirs = grep {defined() && length()} @_; |
| 93 | |
| 94 | my $rslt; |
| 95 | if (@dirs) { |
| 96 | my $path = (@dirs == 1 ? $dirs[0] : $self->catdir(@dirs)); |
| 97 | my ($spath,$sdir) = ($path,$dir); |
| 98 | $spath =~ s/\.dir\Z(?!\n)//; $sdir =~ s/\.dir\Z(?!\n)//; |
| 99 | $sdir = $self->eliminate_macros($sdir) unless $sdir =~ /^[\w\-]+\Z(?!\n)/s; |
| 100 | $rslt = $self->fixpath($self->eliminate_macros($spath)."/$sdir",1); |
| 101 | |
| 102 | # Special case for VMS absolute directory specs: these will have had device |
| 103 | # prepended during trip through Unix syntax in eliminate_macros(), since |
| 104 | # Unix syntax has no way to express "absolute from the top of this device's |
| 105 | # directory tree". |
| 106 | if ($spath =~ /^[\[<][^.\-]/s) { $rslt =~ s/^[^\[<]+//s; } |
| 107 | } |
| 108 | else { |
| 109 | if (not defined $dir or not length $dir) { $rslt = ''; } |
| 110 | elsif ($dir =~ /^\$\([^\)]+\)\Z(?!\n)/s) { $rslt = $dir; } |
| 111 | else { $rslt = vmspath($dir); } |
| 112 | } |
| 113 | return $self->canonpath($rslt); |
| 114 | } |
| 115 | |
| 116 | =item catfile (override) |
| 117 | |
| 118 | Concatenates a list of file specifications, and returns the result as a |
| 119 | VMS-syntax file specification. |
| 120 | |
| 121 | =cut |
| 122 | |
| 123 | sub catfile { |
| 124 | my $self = shift; |
| 125 | my $file = $self->canonpath(pop()); |
| 126 | my @files = grep {defined() && length()} @_; |
| 127 | |
| 128 | my $rslt; |
| 129 | if (@files) { |
| 130 | my $path = (@files == 1 ? $files[0] : $self->catdir(@files)); |
| 131 | my $spath = $path; |
| 132 | $spath =~ s/\.dir\Z(?!\n)//; |
| 133 | if ($spath =~ /^[^\)\]\/:>]+\)\Z(?!\n)/s && basename($file) eq $file) { |
| 134 | $rslt = "$spath$file"; |
| 135 | } |
| 136 | else { |
| 137 | $rslt = $self->eliminate_macros($spath); |
| 138 | $rslt = vmsify($rslt.((defined $rslt) && ($rslt ne '') ? '/' : '').unixify($file)); |
| 139 | } |
| 140 | } |
| 141 | else { $rslt = (defined($file) && length($file)) ? vmsify($file) : ''; } |
| 142 | return $self->canonpath($rslt); |
| 143 | } |
| 144 | |
| 145 | |
| 146 | =item curdir (override) |
| 147 | |
| 148 | Returns a string representation of the current directory: '[]' |
| 149 | |
| 150 | =cut |
| 151 | |
| 152 | sub curdir { |
| 153 | return '[]'; |
| 154 | } |
| 155 | |
| 156 | =item devnull (override) |
| 157 | |
| 158 | Returns a string representation of the null device: '_NLA0:' |
| 159 | |
| 160 | =cut |
| 161 | |
| 162 | sub devnull { |
| 163 | return "_NLA0:"; |
| 164 | } |
| 165 | |
| 166 | =item rootdir (override) |
| 167 | |
| 168 | Returns a string representation of the root directory: 'SYS$DISK:[000000]' |
| 169 | |
| 170 | =cut |
| 171 | |
| 172 | sub rootdir { |
| 173 | return 'SYS$DISK:[000000]'; |
| 174 | } |
| 175 | |
| 176 | =item tmpdir (override) |
| 177 | |
| 178 | Returns a string representation of the first writable directory |
| 179 | from the following list or '' if none are writable: |
| 180 | |
| 181 | sys$scratch: |
| 182 | $ENV{TMPDIR} |
| 183 | |
| 184 | Since perl 5.8.0, if running under taint mode, and if $ENV{TMPDIR} |
| 185 | is tainted, it is not used. |
| 186 | |
| 187 | =cut |
| 188 | |
| 189 | my $tmpdir; |
| 190 | sub tmpdir { |
| 191 | return $tmpdir if defined $tmpdir; |
| 192 | $tmpdir = $_[0]->_tmpdir( 'sys$scratch:', $ENV{TMPDIR} ); |
| 193 | } |
| 194 | |
| 195 | =item updir (override) |
| 196 | |
| 197 | Returns a string representation of the parent directory: '[-]' |
| 198 | |
| 199 | =cut |
| 200 | |
| 201 | sub updir { |
| 202 | return '[-]'; |
| 203 | } |
| 204 | |
| 205 | =item case_tolerant (override) |
| 206 | |
| 207 | VMS file specification syntax is case-tolerant. |
| 208 | |
| 209 | =cut |
| 210 | |
| 211 | sub case_tolerant { |
| 212 | return 1; |
| 213 | } |
| 214 | |
| 215 | =item path (override) |
| 216 | |
| 217 | Translate logical name DCL$PATH as a searchlist, rather than trying |
| 218 | to C<split> string value of C<$ENV{'PATH'}>. |
| 219 | |
| 220 | =cut |
| 221 | |
| 222 | sub path { |
| 223 | my (@dirs,$dir,$i); |
| 224 | while ($dir = $ENV{'DCL$PATH;' . $i++}) { push(@dirs,$dir); } |
| 225 | return @dirs; |
| 226 | } |
| 227 | |
| 228 | =item file_name_is_absolute (override) |
| 229 | |
| 230 | Checks for VMS directory spec as well as Unix separators. |
| 231 | |
| 232 | =cut |
| 233 | |
| 234 | sub file_name_is_absolute { |
| 235 | my ($self,$file) = @_; |
| 236 | # If it's a logical name, expand it. |
| 237 | $file = $ENV{$file} while $file =~ /^[\w\$\-]+\Z(?!\n)/s && $ENV{$file}; |
| 238 | return scalar($file =~ m!^/!s || |
| 239 | $file =~ m![<\[][^.\-\]>]! || |
| 240 | $file =~ /:[^<\[]/); |
| 241 | } |
| 242 | |
| 243 | =item splitpath (override) |
| 244 | |
| 245 | Splits using VMS syntax. |
| 246 | |
| 247 | =cut |
| 248 | |
| 249 | sub splitpath { |
| 250 | my($self,$path) = @_; |
| 251 | my($dev,$dir,$file) = ('','',''); |
| 252 | |
| 253 | vmsify($path) =~ /(.+:)?([\[<].*[\]>])?(.*)/s; |
| 254 | return ($1 || '',$2 || '',$3); |
| 255 | } |
| 256 | |
| 257 | =item splitdir (override) |
| 258 | |
| 259 | Split dirspec using VMS syntax. |
| 260 | |
| 261 | =cut |
| 262 | |
| 263 | sub splitdir { |
| 264 | my($self,$dirspec) = @_; |
| 265 | my @dirs = (); |
| 266 | return @dirs if ( (!defined $dirspec) || ('' eq $dirspec) ); |
| 267 | $dirspec =~ tr/<>/[]/; # < and > ==> [ and ] |
| 268 | $dirspec =~ s/\]\[\./\.\]\[/g; # ][. ==> .][ |
| 269 | $dirspec =~ s/\[000000\.\]\[/\[/g; # [000000.][ ==> [ |
| 270 | $dirspec =~ s/\[000000\./\[/g; # [000000. ==> [ |
| 271 | $dirspec =~ s/\.\]\[000000\]/\]/g; # .][000000] ==> ] |
| 272 | $dirspec =~ s/\.\]\[/\./g; # foo.][bar ==> foo.bar |
| 273 | while ($dirspec =~ s/(^|[\[\<\.])\-(\-+)($|[\]\>\.])/$1-.$2$3/g) {} |
| 274 | # That loop does the following |
| 275 | # with any amount of dashes: |
| 276 | # .--. ==> .-.-. |
| 277 | # [--. ==> [-.-. |
| 278 | # .--] ==> .-.-] |
| 279 | # [--] ==> [-.-] |
| 280 | $dirspec = "[$dirspec]" unless $dirspec =~ /[\[<]/; # make legal |
| 281 | $dirspec =~ s/^(\[|<)\./$1/; |
| 282 | @dirs = split /(?<!\^)\./, vmspath($dirspec); |
| 283 | $dirs[0] =~ s/^[\[<]//s; $dirs[-1] =~ s/[\]>]\Z(?!\n)//s; |
| 284 | @dirs; |
| 285 | } |
| 286 | |
| 287 | |
| 288 | =item catpath (override) |
| 289 | |
| 290 | Construct a complete filespec using VMS syntax |
| 291 | |
| 292 | =cut |
| 293 | |
| 294 | sub catpath { |
| 295 | my($self,$dev,$dir,$file) = @_; |
| 296 | |
| 297 | # We look for a volume in $dev, then in $dir, but not both |
| 298 | my ($dir_volume, $dir_dir, $dir_file) = $self->splitpath($dir); |
| 299 | $dev = $dir_volume unless length $dev; |
| 300 | $dir = length $dir_file ? $self->catfile($dir_dir, $dir_file) : $dir_dir; |
| 301 | |
| 302 | if ($dev =~ m|^/+([^/]+)|) { $dev = "$1:"; } |
| 303 | else { $dev .= ':' unless $dev eq '' or $dev =~ /:\Z(?!\n)/; } |
| 304 | if (length($dev) or length($dir)) { |
| 305 | $dir = "[$dir]" unless $dir =~ /[\[<\/]/; |
| 306 | $dir = vmspath($dir); |
| 307 | } |
| 308 | "$dev$dir$file"; |
| 309 | } |
| 310 | |
| 311 | =item abs2rel (override) |
| 312 | |
| 313 | Use VMS syntax when converting filespecs. |
| 314 | |
| 315 | =cut |
| 316 | |
| 317 | sub abs2rel { |
| 318 | my $self = shift; |
| 319 | return vmspath(File::Spec::Unix::abs2rel( $self, @_ )) |
| 320 | if grep m{/}, @_; |
| 321 | |
| 322 | my($path,$base) = @_; |
| 323 | $base = $self->_cwd() unless defined $base and length $base; |
| 324 | |
| 325 | for ($path, $base) { $_ = $self->canonpath($_) } |
| 326 | |
| 327 | # Are we even starting $path on the same (node::)device as $base? Note that |
| 328 | # logical paths or nodename differences may be on the "same device" |
| 329 | # but the comparison that ignores device differences so as to concatenate |
| 330 | # [---] up directory specs is not even a good idea in cases where there is |
| 331 | # a logical path difference between $path and $base nodename and/or device. |
| 332 | # Hence we fall back to returning the absolute $path spec |
| 333 | # if there is a case blind device (or node) difference of any sort |
| 334 | # and we do not even try to call $parse() or consult %ENV for $trnlnm() |
| 335 | # (this module needs to run on non VMS platforms after all). |
| 336 | |
| 337 | my ($path_volume, $path_directories, $path_file) = $self->splitpath($path); |
| 338 | my ($base_volume, $base_directories, $base_file) = $self->splitpath($base); |
| 339 | return $path unless lc($path_volume) eq lc($base_volume); |
| 340 | |
| 341 | for ($path, $base) { $_ = $self->rel2abs($_) } |
| 342 | |
| 343 | # Now, remove all leading components that are the same |
| 344 | my @pathchunks = $self->splitdir( $path_directories ); |
| 345 | my $pathchunks = @pathchunks; |
| 346 | unshift(@pathchunks,'000000') unless $pathchunks[0] eq '000000'; |
| 347 | my @basechunks = $self->splitdir( $base_directories ); |
| 348 | my $basechunks = @basechunks; |
| 349 | unshift(@basechunks,'000000') unless $basechunks[0] eq '000000'; |
| 350 | |
| 351 | while ( @pathchunks && |
| 352 | @basechunks && |
| 353 | lc( $pathchunks[0] ) eq lc( $basechunks[0] ) |
| 354 | ) { |
| 355 | shift @pathchunks ; |
| 356 | shift @basechunks ; |
| 357 | } |
| 358 | |
| 359 | # @basechunks now contains the directories to climb out of, |
| 360 | # @pathchunks now has the directories to descend in to. |
| 361 | if ((@basechunks > 0) || ($basechunks != $pathchunks)) { |
| 362 | $path_directories = join '.', ('-' x @basechunks, @pathchunks) ; |
| 363 | } |
| 364 | else { |
| 365 | $path_directories = join '.', @pathchunks; |
| 366 | } |
| 367 | $path_directories = '['.$path_directories.']'; |
| 368 | return $self->canonpath( $self->catpath( '', $path_directories, $path_file ) ) ; |
| 369 | } |
| 370 | |
| 371 | |
| 372 | =item rel2abs (override) |
| 373 | |
| 374 | Use VMS syntax when converting filespecs. |
| 375 | |
| 376 | =cut |
| 377 | |
| 378 | sub rel2abs { |
| 379 | my $self = shift ; |
| 380 | my ($path,$base ) = @_; |
| 381 | return undef unless defined $path; |
| 382 | if ($path =~ m/\//) { |
| 383 | $path = ( -d $path || $path =~ m/\/\z/ # educated guessing about |
| 384 | ? vmspath($path) # whether it's a directory |
| 385 | : vmsify($path) ); |
| 386 | } |
| 387 | $base = vmspath($base) if defined $base && $base =~ m/\//; |
| 388 | # Clean up and split up $path |
| 389 | if ( ! $self->file_name_is_absolute( $path ) ) { |
| 390 | # Figure out the effective $base and clean it up. |
| 391 | if ( !defined( $base ) || $base eq '' ) { |
| 392 | $base = $self->_cwd; |
| 393 | } |
| 394 | elsif ( ! $self->file_name_is_absolute( $base ) ) { |
| 395 | $base = $self->rel2abs( $base ) ; |
| 396 | } |
| 397 | else { |
| 398 | $base = $self->canonpath( $base ) ; |
| 399 | } |
| 400 | |
| 401 | # Split up paths |
| 402 | my ( $path_directories, $path_file ) = |
| 403 | ($self->splitpath( $path ))[1,2] ; |
| 404 | |
| 405 | my ( $base_volume, $base_directories ) = |
| 406 | $self->splitpath( $base ) ; |
| 407 | |
| 408 | $path_directories = '' if $path_directories eq '[]' || |
| 409 | $path_directories eq '<>'; |
| 410 | my $sep = '' ; |
| 411 | $sep = '.' |
| 412 | if ( $base_directories =~ m{[^.\]>]\Z(?!\n)} && |
| 413 | $path_directories =~ m{^[^.\[<]}s |
| 414 | ) ; |
| 415 | $base_directories = "$base_directories$sep$path_directories"; |
| 416 | $base_directories =~ s{\.?[\]>][\[<]\.?}{.}; |
| 417 | |
| 418 | $path = $self->catpath( $base_volume, $base_directories, $path_file ); |
| 419 | } |
| 420 | |
| 421 | return $self->canonpath( $path ) ; |
| 422 | } |
| 423 | |
| 424 | |
| 425 | # eliminate_macros() and fixpath() are MakeMaker-specific methods |
| 426 | # which are used inside catfile() and catdir(). MakeMaker has its own |
| 427 | # copies as of 6.06_03 which are the canonical ones. We leave these |
| 428 | # here, in peace, so that File::Spec continues to work with MakeMakers |
| 429 | # prior to 6.06_03. |
| 430 | # |
| 431 | # Please consider these two methods deprecated. Do not patch them, |
| 432 | # patch the ones in ExtUtils::MM_VMS instead. |
| 433 | sub eliminate_macros { |
| 434 | my($self,$path) = @_; |
| 435 | return '' unless (defined $path) && ($path ne ''); |
| 436 | $self = {} unless ref $self; |
| 437 | |
| 438 | if ($path =~ /\s/) { |
| 439 | return join ' ', map { $self->eliminate_macros($_) } split /\s+/, $path; |
| 440 | } |
| 441 | |
| 442 | my($npath) = unixify($path); |
| 443 | my($complex) = 0; |
| 444 | my($head,$macro,$tail); |
| 445 | |
| 446 | # perform m##g in scalar context so it acts as an iterator |
| 447 | while ($npath =~ m#(.*?)\$\((\S+?)\)(.*)#gs) { |
| 448 | if ($self->{$2}) { |
| 449 | ($head,$macro,$tail) = ($1,$2,$3); |
| 450 | if (ref $self->{$macro}) { |
| 451 | if (ref $self->{$macro} eq 'ARRAY') { |
| 452 | $macro = join ' ', @{$self->{$macro}}; |
| 453 | } |
| 454 | else { |
| 455 | print "Note: can't expand macro \$($macro) containing ",ref($self->{$macro}), |
| 456 | "\n\t(using MMK-specific deferred substitutuon; MMS will break)\n"; |
| 457 | $macro = "\cB$macro\cB"; |
| 458 | $complex = 1; |
| 459 | } |
| 460 | } |
| 461 | else { ($macro = unixify($self->{$macro})) =~ s#/\Z(?!\n)##; } |
| 462 | $npath = "$head$macro$tail"; |
| 463 | } |
| 464 | } |
| 465 | if ($complex) { $npath =~ s#\cB(.*?)\cB#\${$1}#gs; } |
| 466 | $npath; |
| 467 | } |
| 468 | |
| 469 | # Deprecated. See the note above for eliminate_macros(). |
| 470 | sub fixpath { |
| 471 | my($self,$path,$force_path) = @_; |
| 472 | return '' unless $path; |
| 473 | $self = bless {} unless ref $self; |
| 474 | my($fixedpath,$prefix,$name); |
| 475 | |
| 476 | if ($path =~ /\s/) { |
| 477 | return join ' ', |
| 478 | map { $self->fixpath($_,$force_path) } |
| 479 | split /\s+/, $path; |
| 480 | } |
| 481 | |
| 482 | if ($path =~ m#^\$\([^\)]+\)\Z(?!\n)#s || $path =~ m#[/:>\]]#) { |
| 483 | if ($force_path or $path =~ /(?:DIR\)|\])\Z(?!\n)/) { |
| 484 | $fixedpath = vmspath($self->eliminate_macros($path)); |
| 485 | } |
| 486 | else { |
| 487 | $fixedpath = vmsify($self->eliminate_macros($path)); |
| 488 | } |
| 489 | } |
| 490 | elsif ((($prefix,$name) = ($path =~ m#^\$\(([^\)]+)\)(.+)#s)) && $self->{$prefix}) { |
| 491 | my($vmspre) = $self->eliminate_macros("\$($prefix)"); |
| 492 | # is it a dir or just a name? |
| 493 | $vmspre = ($vmspre =~ m|/| or $prefix =~ /DIR\Z(?!\n)/) ? vmspath($vmspre) : ''; |
| 494 | $fixedpath = ($vmspre ? $vmspre : $self->{$prefix}) . $name; |
| 495 | $fixedpath = vmspath($fixedpath) if $force_path; |
| 496 | } |
| 497 | else { |
| 498 | $fixedpath = $path; |
| 499 | $fixedpath = vmspath($fixedpath) if $force_path; |
| 500 | } |
| 501 | # No hints, so we try to guess |
| 502 | if (!defined($force_path) and $fixedpath !~ /[:>(.\]]/) { |
| 503 | $fixedpath = vmspath($fixedpath) if -d $fixedpath; |
| 504 | } |
| 505 | |
| 506 | # Trim off root dirname if it's had other dirs inserted in front of it. |
| 507 | $fixedpath =~ s/\.000000([\]>])/$1/; |
| 508 | # Special case for VMS absolute directory specs: these will have had device |
| 509 | # prepended during trip through Unix syntax in eliminate_macros(), since |
| 510 | # Unix syntax has no way to express "absolute from the top of this device's |
| 511 | # directory tree". |
| 512 | if ($path =~ /^[\[>][^.\-]/) { $fixedpath =~ s/^[^\[<]+//; } |
| 513 | $fixedpath; |
| 514 | } |
| 515 | |
| 516 | |
| 517 | =back |
| 518 | |
| 519 | =head1 COPYRIGHT |
| 520 | |
| 521 | Copyright (c) 2004 by the Perl 5 Porters. All rights reserved. |
| 522 | |
| 523 | This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify |
| 524 | it under the same terms as Perl itself. |
| 525 | |
| 526 | =head1 SEE ALSO |
| 527 | |
| 528 | See L<File::Spec> and L<File::Spec::Unix>. This package overrides the |
| 529 | implementation of these methods, not the semantics. |
| 530 | |
| 531 | An explanation of VMS file specs can be found at |
| 532 | L<"http://h71000.www7.hp.com/doc/731FINAL/4506/4506pro_014.html#apps_locating_naming_files">. |
| 533 | |
| 534 | =cut |
| 535 | |
| 536 | 1; |