Commit | Line | Data |
---|---|---|
fa7da8f7 NC |
1 | =encoding utf8 |
2 | ||
7120b314 NC |
3 | =head1 NAME |
4 | ||
5a00ee6a | 5 | perl5110delta - what is new for perl v5.11.0 |
7120b314 NC |
6 | |
7 | =head1 DESCRIPTION | |
8 | ||
5a00ee6a JV |
9 | This document describes differences between the 5.10.0 release and |
10 | the 5.11.0 development release. | |
7120b314 NC |
11 | |
12 | =head1 Incompatible Changes | |
13 | ||
6fa80ea2 YO |
14 | =head2 Unicode interpretation of \w, \d, \s, and the POSIX character classes redefined. |
15 | ||
16 | Previous versions of Perl tried to map POSIX style character class definitions onto | |
17 | Unicode property names so that patterns would "dwim" when matches were made against latin-1 or | |
18 | unicode strings. This proved to be a mistake, breaking character class negation, causing | |
19 | forward compatibility problems (as Unicode keeps updating their property definitions and adding | |
20 | new characters), and other problems. | |
21 | ||
22 | Therefore we have now defined a new set of artificial "unicode" property names which will be | |
23 | used to do unicode matching of patterns using POSIX style character classes and perl short-form | |
24 | escape character classes like \w and \d. | |
25 | ||
26 | The key change here is that \d will no longer match every digit in the unicode standard | |
27 | (there are thousands) nor will \w match every word character in the standard, instead they | |
28 | will match precisely their POSIX or Perl definition. | |
29 | ||
30 | Those needing to match based on Unicode properties can continue to do so by using the \p{} syntax | |
31 | to match whichever property they like, including the new artificial definitions. | |
32 | ||
33 | B<NOTE:> This is a backwards incompatible no-warning change in behaviour. If you are upgrading | |
34 | and you process large volumes of text look for POSIX and Perl style character classes and | |
35 | change them to the relevent property name (by removing the word 'Posix' from the current name). | |
36 | ||
37 | The following table maps the POSIX character class names, the escapes and the old and new | |
38 | Unicode property mappings: | |
39 | ||
40 | POSIX Esc Class New-Property ! Old-Property | |
41 | ----------------------------------------------+------------- | |
42 | alnum [0-9A-Za-z] IsPosixAlnum ! IsAlnum | |
43 | alpha [A-Za-z] IsPosixAlpha ! IsAlpha | |
44 | ascii [\000-\177] IsASCII = IsASCII | |
45 | blank [\011 ] IsPosixBlank ! | |
46 | cntrl [\0-\37\177] IsPosixCntrl ! IsCntrl | |
47 | digit \d [0-9] IsPosixDigit ! IsDigit | |
48 | graph [!-~] IsPosixGraph ! IsGraph | |
49 | lower [a-z] IsPosixLower ! IsLower | |
50 | print [ -~] IsPosixPrint ! IsPrint | |
51 | punct [!-/:-@[-`{-~] IsPosixPunct ! IsPunct | |
52 | space [\11-\15 ] IsPosixSpace ! IsSpace | |
53 | \s [\11\12\14\15 ] IsPerlSpace ! IsSpacePerl | |
54 | upper [A-Z] IsPosixUpper ! IsUpper | |
55 | word \w [0-9A-Z_a-z] IsPerlWord ! IsWord | |
56 | xdigit [0-9A-Fa-f] IsXDigit = IsXDigit | |
57 | ||
58 | If you wish to build perl with the old mapping you may do so by setting | |
59 | ||
60 | #define PERL_LEGACY_UNICODE_CHARCLASS_MAPPINGS 1 | |
61 | ||
62 | in regcomp.h, and then setting | |
63 | ||
64 | PERL_TEST_LEGACY_POSIX_CC | |
65 | ||
66 | to true your enviornment when testing. | |
67 | ||
68 | ||
c3e6c235 JV |
69 | =head2 @INC reorganization |
70 | ||
71 | In @INC, ARCHLIB and PRIVLIB now occur after after the current version's | |
72 | site_perl and vendor_perl. | |
ad1d1c50 | 73 | |
8b8da387 RGS |
74 | =head2 Switch statement changes |
75 | ||
76 | The handling of complex expressions by the C<given>/C<when> switch | |
a98ccf1e NC |
77 | statement has been enhanced. These enhancements are also available in |
78 | 5.10.1 and subsequent 5.10 releases. There are two new cases where C<when> now | |
412304fb | 79 | interprets its argument as a boolean, instead of an expression to be used |
8b8da387 RGS |
80 | in a smart match: |
81 | ||
82 | =over 4 | |
83 | ||
8b8da387 RGS |
84 | =item flip-flop operators |
85 | ||
98814a2b RGS |
86 | The C<..> and C<...> flip-flop operators are now evaluated in boolean |
87 | context, following their usual semantics; see L<perlop/"Range Operators">. | |
88 | ||
89 | Note that, as in perl 5.10.0, C<when (1..10)> will not work to test | |
90 | whether a given value is an integer between 1 and 10; you should use | |
91 | C<when ([1..10])> instead (note the array reference). | |
92 | ||
93 | However, contrary to 5.10.0, evaluating the flip-flop operators in boolean | |
94 | context ensures it can now be useful in a C<when()>, notably for | |
95 | implementing bistable conditions, like in: | |
96 | ||
5a00ee6a JV |
97 | when (/^=begin/ .. /^=end/) { |
98 | # do something | |
99 | } | |
8b8da387 RGS |
100 | |
101 | =item defined-or operator | |
102 | ||
103 | A compound expression involving the defined-or operator, as in | |
104 | C<when (expr1 // expr2)>, will be treated as boolean if the first | |
105 | expression is boolean. (This just extends the existing rule that applies | |
106 | to the regular or operator, as in C<when (expr1 || expr2)>.) | |
107 | ||
108 | =back | |
109 | ||
98814a2b | 110 | The next section details more changes brought to the semantics to |
8b8da387 RGS |
111 | the smart match operator, that naturally also modify the behaviour |
112 | of the switch statements where smart matching is implicitly used. | |
a98ccf1e NC |
113 | These changers were also made for the 5.10.1 release, and will remain in |
114 | subsequent 5.10 releases. | |
8b8da387 RGS |
115 | |
116 | =head2 Smart match changes | |
117 | ||
118 | =head3 Changes to type-based dispatch | |
119 | ||
120 | The smart match operator C<~~> is no longer commutative. The behaviour of | |
121 | a smart match now depends primarily on the type of its right hand | |
5a00ee6a | 122 | argument. Moreover, its semantics have been adjusted for greater |
ee18cc6c RGS |
123 | consistency or usefulness in several cases. While the general backwards |
124 | compatibility is maintained, several changes must be noted: | |
8b8da387 RGS |
125 | |
126 | =over 4 | |
127 | ||
128 | =item * | |
129 | ||
130 | Code references with an empty prototype are no longer treated specially. | |
131 | They are passed an argument like the other code references (even if they | |
132 | choose to ignore it). | |
133 | ||
134 | =item * | |
135 | ||
136 | C<%hash ~~ sub {}> and C<@array ~~ sub {}> now test that the subroutine | |
9091a618 | 137 | returns a true value for each key of the hash (or element of the |
8b8da387 RGS |
138 | array), instead of passing the whole hash or array as a reference to |
139 | the subroutine. | |
140 | ||
141 | =item * | |
142 | ||
ee18cc6c RGS |
143 | Due to the commutativity breakage, code references are no longer |
144 | treated specially when appearing on the left of the C<~~> operator, | |
145 | but like any vulgar scalar. | |
146 | ||
147 | =item * | |
148 | ||
8b8da387 RGS |
149 | C<undef ~~ %hash> is always false (since C<undef> can't be a key in a |
150 | hash). No implicit conversion to C<""> is done (as was the case in perl | |
151 | 5.10.0). | |
152 | ||
153 | =item * | |
154 | ||
155 | C<$scalar ~~ @array> now always distributes the smart match across the | |
156 | elements of the array. It's true if one element in @array verifies | |
157 | C<$scalar ~~ $element>. This is a generalization of the old behaviour | |
158 | that tested whether the array contained the scalar. | |
159 | ||
160 | =back | |
161 | ||
162 | The full dispatch table for the smart match operator is given in | |
163 | L<perlsyn/"Smart matching in detail">. | |
164 | ||
165 | =head3 Smart match and overloading | |
166 | ||
167 | According to the rule of dispatch based on the rightmost argument type, | |
168 | when an object overloading C<~~> appears on the right side of the | |
169 | operator, the overload routine will always be called (with a 3rd argument | |
170 | set to a true value, see L<overload>.) However, when the object will | |
171 | appear on the left, the overload routine will be called only when the | |
9091a618 | 172 | rightmost argument is a simple scalar. This way distributivity of smart match |
8b8da387 RGS |
173 | across arrays is not broken, as well as the other behaviours with complex |
174 | types (coderefs, hashes, regexes). Thus, writers of overloading routines | |
ee18cc6c RGS |
175 | for smart match mostly need to worry only with comparing against a scalar, |
176 | and possibly with stringification overloading; the other common cases | |
177 | will be automatically handled consistently. | |
8b8da387 RGS |
178 | |
179 | C<~~> will now refuse to work on objects that do not overload it (in order | |
665f5e98 RGS |
180 | to avoid relying on the object's underlying structure). (However, if the |
181 | object overloads the stringification or the numification operators, and | |
182 | if overload fallback is active, it will be used instead, as usual.) | |
8b8da387 | 183 | |
f71d6157 RGS |
184 | =head2 Labels can't be keywords |
185 | ||
186 | Labels used as targets for the C<goto>, C<last>, C<next> or C<redo> | |
187 | statements cannot be keywords anymore. This restriction will prevent | |
188 | potential confusion between the C<goto LABEL> and C<goto EXPR> syntaxes: | |
189 | for example, a statement like C<goto print> would jump to a label whose | |
7a4b5c08 | 190 | name would be the return value of C<print()>, (usually 1), instead of a |
f71d6157 RGS |
191 | label named C<print>. Moreover, the other control flow statements |
192 | would just ignore any keyword passed to them as a label name. Since | |
193 | such labels cannot be defined anymore, this kind of error will be | |
194 | avoided. | |
195 | ||
5a00ee6a JV |
196 | =head2 Other incompatible changes |
197 | ||
198 | =over 4 | |
199 | ||
200 | =item * | |
201 | ||
202 | The semantics of C<use feature :5.10*> have changed slightly. | |
203 | See L<"Modules and Pragmata"> for more information. | |
204 | ||
205 | =item * | |
206 | ||
207 | It is now a run-time error to use the smart match operator C<~~> | |
208 | with an object that has no overload defined for it. (This way | |
209 | C<~~> will not break encapsulation by matching against the | |
210 | object's internal representation as a reference.) | |
211 | ||
212 | =item * | |
213 | ||
214 | The version control system used for the development of the perl | |
215 | interpreter has been switched from Perforce to git. This is mainly an | |
216 | internal issue that only affects people actively working on the perl core; | |
217 | but it may have minor external visibility, for example in some of details | |
218 | of the output of C<perl -V>. See L<perlrepository> for more information. | |
219 | ||
220 | =item * | |
221 | ||
222 | The internal structure of the C<ext/> directory in the perl source has | |
223 | been reorganised. In general, a module C<Foo::Bar> whose source was | |
224 | stored under F<ext/Foo/Bar/> is now located under F<ext/Foo-Bar/>. Also, | |
429ee0aa NC |
225 | nearly all dual-life modules have been moved from F<lib/> to F<ext/>. This |
226 | is purely a source tarball change, and should make no difference to the | |
227 | compilation or installation of perl, unless you have a very customised build | |
228 | process that explicitly relies on this structure, or which hard-codes the | |
229 | C<nonxs_ext> F<Configure> parameter. Specifically, this change does not by | |
230 | default alter the location of any files in the final installation. | |
5a00ee6a JV |
231 | |
232 | =item * | |
233 | ||
234 | As part of the C<Test::Harness> 2.x to 3.x upgrade, the experimental | |
235 | C<Test::Harness::Straps> module has been removed. | |
236 | See L</"Updated Modules"> for more details. | |
237 | ||
238 | =item * | |
239 | ||
240 | As part of the C<ExtUtils::MakeMaker> upgrade, the | |
241 | C<ExtUtils::MakeMaker::bytes> and C<ExtUtils::MakeMaker::vmsish> modules | |
242 | have been removed from this distribution. | |
243 | ||
244 | =item * | |
245 | ||
246 | C<Module::CoreList> no longer contains the C<%:patchlevel> hash. | |
247 | ||
248 | =item * | |
249 | ||
250 | This one is actually a change introduced in 5.10.0, but it was missed | |
251 | from that release's perldelta, so it is mentioned here instead. | |
252 | ||
253 | A bugfix related to the handling of the C</m> modifier and C<qr> resulted | |
254 | in a change of behaviour between 5.8.x and 5.10.0: | |
255 | ||
256 | # matches in 5.8.x, doesn't match in 5.10.0 | |
257 | $re = qr/^bar/; "foo\nbar" =~ /$re/m; | |
258 | ||
ad1d1c50 JV |
259 | =item * |
260 | ||
261 | C<length undef> now returns undef. | |
262 | ||
7f0da121 JV |
263 | =item * |
264 | ||
265 | Unsupported private C API functions are now declared "static" to prevent | |
c3e6c235 | 266 | leakage to Perl's public API. |
7f0da121 JV |
267 | |
268 | =item * | |
269 | ||
c3e6c235 JV |
270 | To support the bootstrapping process, F<miniperl> no longer builds with |
271 | UTF-8 support in the regexp engine. | |
272 | ||
7f0da121 JV |
273 | This allows a build to complete with PERL_UNICODE set and a UTF-8 locale. |
274 | Without this there's a bootstrapping problem, as miniperl can't load the UTF-8 | |
275 | components of the regexp engine, because they're not yet built. | |
276 | ||
277 | =item * | |
278 | ||
279 | F<miniperl>'s @INC is now restricted to just -I..., the split of $ENV{PERL5LIB}, and "." | |
280 | ||
01ad23f5 JV |
281 | =item * |
282 | ||
283 | A space or a newline is now required after a C<"#line XXX"> directive. | |
284 | ||
fd99c0b9 JV |
285 | =item * |
286 | ||
287 | Tied filehandles now have an additional method EOF which provides the EOF type | |
288 | ||
289 | =item * | |
290 | ||
291 | To better match all other flow control statements, C<foreach> may no longer be used as an attribute. | |
7f0da121 | 292 | |
5a00ee6a JV |
293 | =back |
294 | ||
7120b314 NC |
295 | =head1 Core Enhancements |
296 | ||
5a00ee6a JV |
297 | =head2 Unicode Character Database 5.1.0 |
298 | ||
3141b5e1 | 299 | The copy of the Unicode Character Database included in Perl 5.11.0 has |
5a00ee6a JV |
300 | been updated to 5.1.0 from 5.0.0. See |
301 | L<http://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode5.1.0/#Notable_Changes> for the | |
302 | notable changes. | |
303 | ||
304 | =head2 A proper interface for pluggable Method Resolution Orders | |
305 | ||
3141b5e1 | 306 | As of Perl 5.11.0 there is a new interface for plugging and using method |
5a00ee6a JV |
307 | resolution orders other than the default (linear depth first search). |
308 | The C3 method resolution order added in 5.10.0 has been re-implemented as | |
309 | a plugin, without changing its Perl-space interface. See L<perlmroapi> for | |
310 | more information. | |
311 | ||
ef55af2a | 312 | =head2 The C<overloading> pragma |
1839a850 RGS |
313 | |
314 | This pragma allows you to lexically disable or enable overloading | |
315 | for some or all operations. (Yuval Kogman) | |
316 | ||
71e9c532 RGS |
317 | =head2 C<\N> regex escape |
318 | ||
319 | A new regex escape has been added, C<\N>. It will match any character that | |
320 | is not a newline, independently from the presence or absence of the single | |
321 | line match modifier C</s>. (If C<\N> is followed by an opening brace and | |
322 | by a letter, perl will still assume that a Unicode character name is | |
323 | coming, so compatibility is preserved.) (Rafael Garcia-Suarez) | |
324 | ||
4b3db487 RGS |
325 | =head2 Implicit strictures |
326 | ||
327 | Using the C<use VERSION> syntax with a version number greater or equal | |
328 | to 5.11.0 will also lexically enable strictures just like C<use strict> | |
329 | would do (in addition to enabling features.) So, the following: | |
330 | ||
331 | use 5.11.0; | |
332 | ||
333 | will now imply: | |
334 | ||
335 | use strict; | |
336 | use feature ':5.11'; | |
337 | ||
5ee651a9 NC |
338 | =head2 Parallel tests |
339 | ||
340 | The core distribution can now run its regression tests in parallel on | |
341 | Unix-like platforms. Instead of running C<make test>, set C<TEST_JOBS> in | |
342 | your environment to the number of tests to run in parallel, and run | |
343 | C<make test_harness>. On a Bourne-like shell, this can be done as | |
344 | ||
345 | TEST_JOBS=3 make test_harness # Run 3 tests in parallel | |
346 | ||
347 | An environment variable is used, rather than parallel make itself, because | |
348 | L<TAP::Harness> needs to be able to schedule individual non-conflicting test | |
349 | scripts itself, and there is no standard interface to C<make> utilities to | |
350 | interact with their job schedulers. | |
351 | ||
5a00ee6a JV |
352 | Note that currently some test scripts may fail when run in parallel (most |
353 | notably C<ext/IO/t/io_dir.t>). If necessary run just the failing scripts | |
354 | again sequentially and see if the failures go away. | |
355 | ||
044c880b RGS |
356 | =head2 The C<...> operator |
357 | ||
358 | A new operator, C<...>, nicknamed the Yada Yada operator, has been added. | |
359 | It is intended to mark placeholder code, that is not yet implemented. | |
360 | See L<perlop/"Yada Yada Operator">. (chromatic) | |
361 | ||
5a00ee6a JV |
362 | =head2 DTrace support |
363 | ||
364 | Some support for DTrace has been added. See "DTrace support" in F<INSTALL>. | |
365 | ||
366 | =head2 Support for C<configure_requires> in CPAN module metadata | |
367 | ||
368 | Both C<CPAN> and C<CPANPLUS> now support the C<configure_requires> keyword | |
038a5866 | 369 | in the F<META.yml> metadata file included in most recent CPAN distributions. |
5a00ee6a JV |
370 | This allows distribution authors to specify configuration prerequisites that |
371 | must be installed before running F<Makefile.PL> or F<Build.PL>. | |
372 | ||
373 | See the documentation for C<ExtUtils::MakeMaker> or C<Module::Build> for more | |
374 | on how to specify C<configure_requires> when creating a distribution for CPAN. | |
375 | ||
c3e6c235 JV |
376 | =head2 C<each> is now more flexible |
377 | ||
378 | The C<each> function can now operate on arrays. | |
379 | ||
380 | =head2 Y2038 compliance | |
381 | ||
382 | Perl's core time-related functions are now Y2038 compliant. (With 29 | |
383 | years to spare!) | |
384 | ||
278eac9e | 385 | =head2 C<$,> flexibility |
c3e6c235 JV |
386 | |
387 | The variable C<$,> may now be tied. | |
388 | ||
389 | =head2 // in where clauses | |
ad1d1c50 | 390 | |
c3e6c235 | 391 | // now behaves like || in when clauses |
ad1d1c50 | 392 | |
c3e6c235 | 393 | =head2 Enabling warnings from your shell environment |
ad1d1c50 | 394 | |
c3e6c235 | 395 | You can now set C<-W> from the C<PERL5OPT> environment variable |
ad1d1c50 | 396 | |
c3e6c235 JV |
397 | =head2 C<delete local> |
398 | ||
e74a3e73 | 399 | C<delete local> now allows you to locally delete a hash entry. |
c3e6c235 JV |
400 | |
401 | =head2 New support for Abstract namespace sockets | |
7f0da121 | 402 | |
7f0da121 JV |
403 | Abstract namespace sockets are Linux-specific socket type that live in |
404 | AF_UNIX family, slightly abusing it to be able to use arbitrary | |
405 | character arrays as addresses: They start with nul byte and are not | |
406 | terminated by nul byte, but with the length passed to the socket() | |
407 | system call. | |
ad1d1c50 | 408 | |
7120b314 NC |
409 | =head1 Modules and Pragmata |
410 | ||
7f0da121 JV |
411 | =head2 Dual-lifed modules moved |
412 | ||
18fd877a | 413 | Dual-lifed modules maintained primarily in the Perl core now live in dist/. |
7f0da121 JV |
414 | Dual-lifed modules maintained primarily on CPAN now live in cpan/ |
415 | ||
07e28eec | 416 | In previous releases of Perl, it was customary to enumerate all module |
6c79d1d2 JV |
417 | changes in this section of the C<perldelta> file. From 5.11.0 forward |
418 | only notable updates (such as new or deprecated modules ) will be | |
07e28eec | 419 | listed in this section. For a complete reference to the versions of |
6c79d1d2 JV |
420 | modules shipped in a given release of perl, please see L<Module::CoreList>. |
421 | ||
5a00ee6a JV |
422 | =head2 New Modules and Pragmata |
423 | ||
424 | =over 4 | |
425 | ||
426 | =item C<autodie> | |
427 | ||
428 | This is a new lexically-scoped alternative for the C<Fatal> module. | |
429 | The bundled version is 2.06_01. Note that in this release, using a string | |
430 | eval when C<autodie> is in effect can cause the autodie behaviour to leak | |
431 | into the surrounding scope. See L<autodie/"BUGS"> for more details. | |
432 | ||
433 | =item C<Compress::Raw::Bzip2> | |
434 | ||
435 | This has been added to the core (version 2.020). | |
436 | ||
437 | =item C<parent> | |
438 | ||
439 | This pragma establishes an ISA relationship with base classes at compile | |
440 | time. It provides the key feature of C<base> without the feature creep. | |
441 | ||
442 | =item C<Parse::CPAN::Meta> | |
443 | ||
444 | This has been added to the core (version 1.39). | |
445 | ||
446 | =back | |
447 | ||
1839a850 RGS |
448 | =head2 Pragmata Changes |
449 | ||
450 | =over 4 | |
451 | ||
452 | =item C<overloading> | |
453 | ||
454 | See L</"The C<overloading> pragma"> above. | |
455 | ||
5a00ee6a JV |
456 | =item C<attrs> |
457 | ||
42f099ed NC |
458 | The C<attrs> pragma has been removed. It had been marked as deprecated since |
459 | 5.6.0. | |
5a00ee6a | 460 | |
5a00ee6a JV |
461 | =item C<charnames> |
462 | ||
5a00ee6a JV |
463 | The Unicode F<NameAliases.txt> database file has been added. This has the |
464 | effect of adding some extra C<\N> character names that formerly wouldn't | |
465 | have been recognised; for example, C<"\N{LATIN CAPITAL LETTER GHA}">. | |
466 | ||
5a00ee6a JV |
467 | =item C<feature> |
468 | ||
469 | The meaning of the C<:5.10> and C<:5.10.X> feature bundles has | |
470 | changed slightly. The last component, if any (i.e. C<X>) is simply ignored. | |
471 | This is predicated on the assumption that new features will not, in | |
472 | general, be added to maintenance releases. So C<:5.10> and C<:5.10.X> | |
473 | have identical effect. This is a change to the behaviour documented for | |
474 | 5.10.0. | |
475 | ||
f7fa8439 NC |
476 | =item C<mro> |
477 | ||
478 | Upgraded from version 1.00 to 1.01. Performance for single inheritance is 40% | |
479 | faster - see L</"Performance Enhancements"> below. | |
480 | ||
481 | C<mro> is now implemented as an XS extension. The documented interface has not | |
482 | changed. Code relying on the implementation detail that some C<mro::> | |
483 | methods happened to be available at all times gets to "keep both pieces". | |
484 | ||
1839a850 RGS |
485 | =back |
486 | ||
5a00ee6a | 487 | =head2 Updated Modules |
02569b83 RGS |
488 | |
489 | =over 4 | |
490 | ||
5a00ee6a JV |
491 | =item C<ExtUtils::MakeMaker> |
492 | ||
493 | Upgraded from version 6.42 to 6.55_02. | |
494 | ||
495 | Note that C<ExtUtils::MakeMaker::bytes> and C<ExtUtils::MakeMaker::vmsish> | |
496 | have been removed from this distribution. | |
497 | ||
5a00ee6a JV |
498 | =item C<Test::Harness> |
499 | ||
500 | Upgraded from version 2.64 to 3.17. | |
501 | ||
502 | Note that one side-effect of the 2.x to 3.x upgrade is that the | |
503 | experimental C<Test::Harness::Straps> module (and its supporting | |
504 | C<Assert>, C<Iterator>, C<Point> and C<Results> modules) have been | |
505 | removed. If you still need this, then they are available in the | |
506 | (unmaintained) C<Test-Harness-Straps> distribution on CPAN. | |
507 | ||
5a00ee6a JV |
508 | =item C<UNIVERSAL> |
509 | ||
510 | Upgraded from version 1.04 to 1.05. | |
511 | ||
07e28eec | 512 | C<< UNIVERSAL-E<gt>import() >> is now deprecated. |
ad1d1c50 | 513 | |
5a00ee6a JV |
514 | =back |
515 | ||
516 | =head1 Utility Changes | |
517 | ||
518 | =over 4 | |
519 | ||
520 | =item F<h2ph> | |
521 | ||
522 | Now looks in C<include-fixed> too, which is a recent addition to gcc's | |
523 | search path. | |
524 | ||
525 | =item F<h2xs> | |
526 | ||
527 | No longer incorrectly treats enum values like macros (Daniel Burr). | |
528 | ||
529 | Now handles C++ style constants (C<//>) properly in enums. (A patch from | |
530 | Rainer Weikusat was used; Daniel Burr also proposed a similar fix). | |
531 | ||
532 | =item F<perl5db.pl> | |
533 | ||
534 | C<LVALUE> subroutines now work under the debugger. | |
535 | ||
536 | The debugger now correctly handles proxy constant subroutines, and | |
537 | subroutine stubs. | |
538 | ||
ad1d1c50 JV |
539 | =item F<perlbug> |
540 | ||
038a5866 | 541 | F<perlbug> now uses C<%Module::CoreList::bug_tracker> to print out upstream bug |
76e3c4a8 | 542 | tracker URLs. |
ad1d1c50 JV |
543 | |
544 | Where the user names a module that their bug report is about, and we know the | |
545 | URL for its upstream bug tracker, provide a message to the user explaining | |
546 | that the core copies the CPAN version directly, and provide the URL for | |
547 | reporting the bug directly to upstream. | |
548 | ||
5a00ee6a JV |
549 | =item F<perlthanks> |
550 | ||
3141b5e1 | 551 | Perl 5.11.0 added a new utility F<perlthanks>, which is a variant of |
5a00ee6a JV |
552 | F<perlbug>, but for sending non-bug-reports to the authors and maintainers |
553 | of Perl. Getting nothing but bug reports can become a bit demoralising: | |
554 | we'll see if this changes things. | |
555 | ||
556 | =back | |
557 | ||
558 | =head1 New Documentation | |
559 | ||
560 | =over 4 | |
561 | ||
562 | =item L<perlhaiku> | |
563 | ||
564 | This contains instructions on how to build perl for the Haiku platform. | |
565 | ||
566 | =item L<perlmroapi> | |
567 | ||
568 | This describes the new interface for pluggable Method Resolution Orders. | |
569 | ||
570 | =item L<perlperf> | |
571 | ||
572 | This document, by Richard Foley, provides an introduction to the use of | |
573 | performance and optimization techniques which can be used with particular | |
574 | reference to perl programs. | |
575 | ||
576 | =item L<perlrepository> | |
577 | ||
578 | This describes how to access the perl source using the I<git> version | |
579 | control system. | |
580 | ||
5a00ee6a JV |
581 | =back |
582 | ||
583 | =head1 Changes to Existing Documentation | |
584 | ||
76e3c4a8 | 585 | The various large F<Changes*> files (which listed every change made to perl |
5a00ee6a | 586 | over the last 18 years) have been removed, and replaced by a small file, |
76e3c4a8 | 587 | also called F<Changes>, which just explains how that same information may |
5a00ee6a JV |
588 | be extracted from the git version control system. |
589 | ||
590 | The file F<Porting/patching.pod> has been deleted, as it mainly described | |
591 | interacting with the old Perforce-based repository, which is now obsolete. | |
592 | Information still relevant has been moved to L<perlrepository>. | |
593 | ||
594 | L<perlapi>, L<perlintern>, L<perlmodlib> and L<perltoc> are now all | |
595 | generated at build time, rather than being shipped as part of the release. | |
596 | ||
c3e6c235 | 597 | =over |
ad1d1c50 | 598 | |
c3e6c235 | 599 | =item * |
ad1d1c50 | 600 | |
c3e6c235 | 601 | Documented -X overloading. |
ad1d1c50 | 602 | |
c3e6c235 | 603 | =item * |
ad1d1c50 | 604 | |
c3e6c235 | 605 | Documented that C<when()> treats specially most of the filetest operators |
ad1d1c50 | 606 | |
c3e6c235 JV |
607 | =item * |
608 | ||
609 | Documented when as a syntax modifier | |
610 | ||
611 | =item * | |
612 | ||
613 | Eliminated "Old Perl threads tutorial", which describes 5005 threads. | |
614 | ||
615 | F<pod/perlthrtut.pod> is the same material reworked for ithreads. | |
616 | ||
617 | =item * | |
618 | ||
619 | Correct previous documentation: v-strings are not deprecated | |
ad1d1c50 JV |
620 | |
621 | With version objects, we need them to use MODULE VERSION syntax. This | |
622 | patch removes the deprecation note. | |
623 | ||
c3e6c235 JV |
624 | =item * |
625 | ||
626 | Added security contact information to L<perlsec> | |
627 | ||
628 | =back | |
7f0da121 | 629 | |
5a00ee6a JV |
630 | =head1 Performance Enhancements |
631 | ||
c3e6c235 | 632 | |
5a00ee6a JV |
633 | =over 4 |
634 | ||
635 | =item * | |
636 | ||
637 | A new internal cache means that C<isa()> will often be faster. | |
638 | ||
639 | =item * | |
640 | ||
6f54462f | 641 | The implementation of C<C3> Method Resolution Order has been optimised - |
c3e6c235 | 642 | linearisation for classes with single inheritance is 40% faster. Performance |
6f54462f NC |
643 | for multiple inheritance is unchanged. |
644 | ||
645 | =item * | |
646 | ||
5a00ee6a JV |
647 | Under C<use locale>, the locale-relevant information is now cached on |
648 | read-only values, such as the list returned by C<keys %hash>. This makes | |
649 | operations such as C<sort keys %hash> in the scope of C<use locale> much | |
650 | faster. | |
651 | ||
652 | =item * | |
653 | ||
654 | Empty C<DESTROY> methods are no longer called. | |
655 | ||
ad1d1c50 JV |
656 | =item * |
657 | ||
7a4b5c08 | 658 | Faster C<Perl_sv_utf8_upgrade()> |
ad1d1c50 JV |
659 | |
660 | =item * | |
661 | ||
7a4b5c08 | 662 | Speed up C<keys> on empty hash |
ad1d1c50 | 663 | |
5a00ee6a JV |
664 | =back |
665 | ||
666 | =head1 Installation and Configuration Improvements | |
667 | ||
668 | =head2 F<ext/> reorganisation | |
669 | ||
670 | The layout of directories in F<ext> has been revised. Specifically, all | |
671 | extensions are now flat, and at the top level, with C</> in pathnames | |
672 | replaced by C<->, so that F<ext/Data/Dumper/> is now F<ext/Data-Dumper/>, | |
673 | etc. The names of the extensions as specified to F<Configure>, and as | |
674 | reported by C<%Config::Config> under the keys C<dynamic_ext>, | |
675 | C<known_extensions>, C<nonxs_ext> and C<static_ext> have not changed, and | |
676 | still use C</>. Hence this change will not have any affect once perl is | |
429ee0aa | 677 | installed. C<Safe> has been split out from being part of C<Opcode>, and |
c3e6c235 | 678 | C<mro> is now an extension in its own right. |
429ee0aa NC |
679 | |
680 | Nearly all dual-life modules have been moved from F<lib> to F<ext>, and will | |
681 | now appear as known C<nonxs_ext>. This will made no difference to the | |
682 | structure of an installed perl, nor will the modules installed differ, | |
683 | unless you run F<Configure> with options to specify an exact list of | |
684 | extensions to build. In this case, you will rapidly become aware that you | |
685 | need to add to your list, because various modules needed to complete the | |
686 | build, such as C<ExtUtils::ParseXS>, have now become extensions, and | |
687 | without them the build will fail well before it attempts to run the | |
688 | regression tests. | |
5a00ee6a JV |
689 | |
690 | =head2 Configuration improvements | |
691 | ||
692 | If C<vendorlib> and C<vendorarch> are the same, then they are only added to | |
693 | C<@INC> once. | |
694 | ||
695 | C<$Config{usedevel}> and the C-level C<PERL_USE_DEVEL> are now defined if | |
696 | perl is built with C<-Dusedevel>. | |
697 | ||
698 | F<Configure> will enable use of C<-fstack-protector>, to provide protection | |
699 | against stack-smashing attacks, if the compiler supports it. | |
700 | ||
701 | F<Configure> will now determine the correct prototypes for re-entrant | |
702 | functions, and for C<gconvert>, if you are using a C++ compiler rather | |
703 | than a C compiler. | |
704 | ||
705 | On Unix, if you build from a tree containing a git repository, the | |
706 | configuration process will note the commit hash you have checked out, for | |
707 | display in the output of C<perl -v> and C<perl -V>. Unpushed local commits | |
708 | are automatically added to the list of local patches displayed by | |
709 | C<perl -V>. | |
710 | ||
711 | =head2 Compilation improvements | |
712 | ||
713 | As part of the flattening of F<ext>, all extensions on all platforms are | |
714 | built by F<make_ext.pl>. This replaces the Unix-specific | |
715 | F<ext/util/make_ext>, VMS-specific F<make_ext.com> and Win32-specific | |
716 | F<win32/buildext.pl>. | |
717 | ||
718 | =head2 Platform Specific Changes | |
719 | ||
720 | =over 4 | |
721 | ||
722 | =item AIX | |
723 | ||
7a4b5c08 | 724 | Removed F<libbsd> for AIX 5L and 6.1. Only C<flock()> was used from F<libbsd>. |
5a00ee6a JV |
725 | |
726 | Removed F<libgdbm> for AIX 5L and 6.1. The F<libgdbm> is delivered as an | |
c3e6c235 | 727 | optional package with the AIX Toolbox. Unfortunately the 64 bit version |
5a00ee6a JV |
728 | is broken. |
729 | ||
730 | Hints changes mean that AIX 4.2 should work again. | |
731 | ||
732 | =item Cygwin | |
733 | ||
734 | On Cygwin we now strip the last number from the DLL. This has been the | |
735 | behaviour in the cygwin.com build for years. The hints files have been | |
736 | updated. | |
737 | ||
81afb674 JV |
738 | =item DomainOS |
739 | ||
740 | Support for Apollo DomainOS was removed in Perl 5.11.0 | |
741 | ||
5a00ee6a JV |
742 | =item FreeBSD |
743 | ||
744 | The hints files now identify the correct threading libraries on FreeBSD 7 | |
745 | and later. | |
746 | ||
747 | =item Irix | |
748 | ||
749 | We now work around a bizarre preprocessor bug in the Irix 6.5 compiler: | |
750 | C<cc -E -> unfortunately goes into K&R mode, but C<cc -E file.c> doesn't. | |
751 | ||
752 | =item Haiku | |
753 | ||
754 | Patches from the Haiku maintainers have been merged in. Perl should now | |
755 | build on Haiku. | |
756 | ||
7e35aa2a JV |
757 | =item MachTen |
758 | ||
759 | Support for Tenon Intersystems MachTen Unix layer for MacOS Classic was | |
760 | removed in Perl 5.11.0 | |
761 | ||
81afb674 JV |
762 | =item MiNT |
763 | ||
764 | Support for Atari MiNT was removed in Perl 5.11.0. | |
765 | ||
5a00ee6a JV |
766 | =item MirOS BSD |
767 | ||
768 | Perl should now build on MirOS BSD. | |
769 | ||
770 | =item NetBSD | |
771 | ||
772 | Hints now supports versions 5.*. | |
773 | ||
774 | =item Stratus VOS | |
775 | ||
776 | Various changes from Stratus have been merged in. | |
777 | ||
778 | =item Symbian | |
779 | ||
780 | There is now support for Symbian S60 3.2 SDK and S60 5.0 SDK. | |
781 | ||
782 | =item Win32 | |
783 | ||
784 | Improved message window handling means that C<alarm> and C<kill> messages | |
785 | will no longer be dropped under race conditions. | |
786 | ||
787 | =item VMS | |
788 | ||
789 | Reads from the in-memory temporary files of C<PerlIO::scalar> used to fail | |
790 | if C<$/> was set to a numeric reference (to indicate record-style reads). | |
791 | This is now fixed. | |
792 | ||
793 | VMS now supports C<getgrgid>. | |
794 | ||
795 | Many improvements and cleanups have been made to the VMS file name handling | |
796 | and conversion code. | |
797 | ||
798 | Enabling the C<PERL_VMS_POSIX_EXIT> logical name now encodes a POSIX exit | |
799 | status in a VMS condition value for better interaction with GNV's bash | |
800 | shell and other utilities that depend on POSIX exit values. See | |
801 | L<perlvms/"$?"> for details. | |
802 | ||
76e3c4a8 | 803 | C<File::Copy> now detects Unix compatibility mode on VMS. |
ad1d1c50 | 804 | |
5a00ee6a JV |
805 | =back |
806 | ||
807 | =head1 Selected Bug Fixes | |
808 | ||
809 | =over 4 | |
810 | ||
038a5866 | 811 | =item * |
5a00ee6a | 812 | |
ce979e27 | 813 | C<-I> on shebang line now adds directories in front of @INC |
5a00ee6a | 814 | as documented, and as does C<-I> when specified on the command-line. |
5a00ee6a | 815 | |
76e3c4a8 | 816 | =item * |
5a00ee6a | 817 | |
76e3c4a8 | 818 | C<kill> is now fatal when called on non-numeric process identifiers. |
5a00ee6a JV |
819 | Previously, an 'undef' process identifier would be interpreted as a request to |
820 | kill process "0", which would terminate the current process group on POSIX | |
821 | systems. Since process identifiers are always integers, killing a non-numeric | |
822 | process is now fatal. | |
823 | ||
824 | =item * | |
825 | ||
826 | 5.10.0 inadvertently disabled an optimisation, which caused a measurable | |
827 | performance drop in list assignment, such as is often used to assign | |
828 | function parameters from C<@_>. The optimisation has been re-instated, and | |
829 | the performance regression fixed. | |
830 | ||
831 | =item * | |
832 | ||
833 | Fixed memory leak on C<while (1) { map 1, 1 }> [RT #53038]. | |
834 | ||
835 | =item * | |
836 | ||
837 | Some potential coredumps in PerlIO fixed [RT #57322,54828]. | |
838 | ||
839 | =item * | |
840 | ||
841 | The debugger now works with lvalue subroutines. | |
842 | ||
843 | =item * | |
844 | ||
845 | The debugger's C<m> command was broken on modules that defined constants | |
846 | [RT #61222]. | |
847 | ||
848 | =item * | |
849 | ||
7a4b5c08 | 850 | C<crypt> and string complement could return tainted values for untainted |
5a00ee6a JV |
851 | arguments [RT #59998]. |
852 | ||
853 | =item * | |
854 | ||
038a5866 | 855 | The C<-i>I<.suffix> command-line switch now recreates the file using |
5a00ee6a JV |
856 | restricted permissions, before changing its mode to match the original |
857 | file. This eliminates a potential race condition [RT #60904]. | |
858 | ||
859 | =item * | |
860 | ||
e1020413 | 861 | On some Unix systems, the value in C<$?> would not have the top bit set |
5a00ee6a JV |
862 | (C<$? & 128>) even if the child core dumped. |
863 | ||
864 | =item * | |
865 | ||
038a5866 | 866 | Under some circumstances, C<$^R> could incorrectly become undefined |
5a00ee6a JV |
867 | [RT #57042]. |
868 | ||
869 | =item * | |
870 | ||
a048364f NC |
871 | In the XS API, various hash functions, when passed a pre-computed hash where |
872 | the key is UTF-8, might result in an incorrect lookup. | |
5a00ee6a JV |
873 | |
874 | =item * | |
875 | ||
a048364f | 876 | XS code including F<XSUB.h> before F<perl.h> gave a compile-time error |
5a00ee6a JV |
877 | [RT #57176]. |
878 | ||
879 | =item * | |
880 | ||
07e28eec | 881 | C<< $object-E<gt>isa('Foo') >> would report false if the package C<Foo> didn't |
5a00ee6a JV |
882 | exist, even if the object's C<@ISA> contained C<Foo>. |
883 | ||
884 | =item * | |
885 | ||
886 | Various bugs in the new-to 5.10.0 mro code, triggered by manipulating | |
887 | C<@ISA>, have been found and fixed. | |
888 | ||
889 | =item * | |
890 | ||
891 | Bitwise operations on references could crash the interpreter, e.g. | |
892 | C<$x=\$y; $x |= "foo"> [RT #54956]. | |
893 | ||
894 | =item * | |
895 | ||
896 | Patterns including alternation might be sensitive to the internal UTF-8 | |
897 | representation, e.g. | |
898 | ||
899 | my $byte = chr(192); | |
900 | my $utf8 = chr(192); utf8::upgrade($utf8); | |
901 | $utf8 =~ /$byte|X}/i; # failed in 5.10.0 | |
902 | ||
903 | =item * | |
904 | ||
905 | Within UTF8-encoded Perl source files (i.e. where C<use utf8> is in | |
906 | effect), double-quoted literal strings could be corrupted where a C<\xNN>, | |
907 | C<\0NNN> or C<\N{}> is followed by a literal character with ordinal value | |
908 | greater than 255 [RT #59908]. | |
909 | ||
910 | =item * | |
911 | ||
912 | C<B::Deparse> failed to correctly deparse various constructs: | |
913 | C<readpipe STRING> [RT #62428], C<CORE::require(STRING)> [RT #62488], | |
914 | C<sub foo(_)> [RT #62484]. | |
915 | ||
916 | =item * | |
917 | ||
7a4b5c08 | 918 | Using C<setpgrp> with no arguments could corrupt the perl stack. |
5a00ee6a JV |
919 | |
920 | =item * | |
921 | ||
922 | The block form of C<eval> is now specifically trappable by C<Safe> and | |
923 | C<ops>. Previously it was erroneously treated like string C<eval>. | |
924 | ||
925 | =item * | |
926 | ||
927 | In 5.10.0, the two characters C<[~> were sometimes parsed as the smart | |
928 | match operator (C<~~>) [RT #63854]. | |
929 | ||
930 | =item * | |
931 | ||
932 | In 5.10.0, the C<*> quantifier in patterns was sometimes treated as | |
933 | C<{0,32767}> [RT #60034, #60464]. For example, this match would fail: | |
934 | ||
935 | ("ab" x 32768) =~ /^(ab)*$/ | |
936 | ||
937 | =item * | |
938 | ||
939 | C<shmget> was limited to a 32 bit segment size on a 64 bit OS [RT #63924]. | |
940 | ||
941 | =item * | |
942 | ||
943 | Using C<next> or C<last> to exit a C<given> block no longer produces a | |
944 | spurious warning like the following: | |
945 | ||
946 | Exiting given via last at foo.pl line 123 | |
947 | ||
948 | =item * | |
949 | ||
950 | On Windows, C<'.\foo'> and C<'..\foo'> were treated differently than | |
951 | C<'./foo'> and C<'../foo'> by C<do> and C<require> [RT #63492]. | |
952 | ||
953 | =item * | |
954 | ||
955 | Assigning a format to a glob could corrupt the format; e.g.: | |
956 | ||
957 | *bar=*foo{FORMAT}; # foo format now bad | |
958 | ||
959 | =item * | |
960 | ||
961 | Attempting to coerce a typeglob to a string or number could cause an | |
962 | assertion failure. The correct error message is now generated, | |
963 | C<Can't coerce GLOB to I<$type>>. | |
964 | ||
965 | =item * | |
966 | ||
967 | Under C<use filetest 'access'>, C<-x> was using the wrong access mode. This | |
968 | has been fixed [RT #49003]. | |
969 | ||
970 | =item * | |
971 | ||
972 | C<length> on a tied scalar that returned a Unicode value would not be | |
973 | correct the first time. This has been fixed. | |
974 | ||
975 | =item * | |
976 | ||
977 | Using an array C<tie> inside in array C<tie> could SEGV. This has been | |
978 | fixed. [RT #51636] | |
979 | ||
980 | =item * | |
981 | ||
982 | A race condition inside C<PerlIOStdio_close()> has been identified and | |
983 | fixed. This used to cause various threading issues, including SEGVs. | |
984 | ||
985 | =item * | |
986 | ||
987 | In C<unpack>, the use of C<()> groups in scalar context was internally | |
988 | placing a list on the interpreter's stack, which manifested in various | |
989 | ways, including SEGVs. This is now fixed [RT #50256]. | |
990 | ||
991 | =item * | |
992 | ||
993 | Magic was called twice in C<substr>, C<\&$x>, C<tie $x, $m> and C<chop>. | |
994 | These have all been fixed. | |
995 | ||
996 | =item * | |
997 | ||
998 | A 5.10.0 optimisation to clear the temporary stack within the implicit | |
999 | loop of C<s///ge> has been reverted, as it turned out to be the cause of | |
c3e6c235 | 1000 | obscure bugs in seemingly unrelated parts of the interpreter [commit |
5a00ee6a JV |
1001 | ef0d4e17921ee3de]. |
1002 | ||
1003 | =item * | |
1004 | ||
1005 | The line numbers for warnings inside C<elsif> are now correct. | |
1006 | ||
1007 | =item * | |
1008 | ||
1009 | The C<..> operator now works correctly with ranges whose ends are at or | |
1010 | close to the values of the smallest and largest integers. | |
1011 | ||
1012 | =item * | |
1013 | ||
1014 | C<binmode STDIN, ':raw'> could lead to segmentation faults on some platforms. | |
1015 | This has been fixed [RT #54828]. | |
1016 | ||
1017 | =item * | |
1018 | ||
1019 | An off-by-one error meant that C<index $str, ...> was effectively being | |
1020 | executed as C<index "$str\0", ...>. This has been fixed [RT #53746]. | |
1021 | ||
1022 | =item * | |
1023 | ||
1024 | Various leaks associated with named captures in regexes have been fixed | |
1025 | [RT #57024]. | |
1026 | ||
1027 | =item * | |
1028 | ||
1029 | A weak reference to a hash would leak. This was affecting C<DBI> | |
1030 | [RT #56908]. | |
1031 | ||
1032 | =item * | |
1033 | ||
1034 | Using (?|) in a regex could cause a segfault [RT #59734]. | |
1035 | ||
1036 | =item * | |
1037 | ||
1038 | Use of a UTF-8 C<tr//> within a closure could cause a segfault [RT #61520]. | |
1039 | ||
1040 | =item * | |
1041 | ||
7a4b5c08 | 1042 | Calling C<Perl_sv_chop()> or otherwise upgrading an SV could result in an |
5a00ee6a JV |
1043 | unaligned 64-bit access on the SPARC architecture [RT #60574]. |
1044 | ||
1045 | =item * | |
1046 | ||
1047 | In the 5.10.0 release, C<inc_version_list> would incorrectly list | |
1048 | C<5.10.*> after C<5.8.*>; this affected the C<@INC> search order | |
1049 | [RT #67628]. | |
1050 | ||
1051 | =item * | |
1052 | ||
1053 | In 5.10.0, C<pack "a*", $tainted_value> returned a non-tainted value | |
1054 | [RT #52552]. | |
1055 | ||
1056 | =item * | |
1057 | ||
1058 | In 5.10.0, C<printf> and C<sprintf> could produce the fatal error | |
1059 | C<panic: utf8_mg_pos_cache_update> when printing UTF-8 strings | |
1060 | [RT #62666]. | |
1061 | ||
1062 | =item * | |
1063 | ||
1064 | In the 5.10.0 release, a dynamically created C<AUTOLOAD> method might be | |
1065 | missed (method cache issue) [RT #60220,60232]. | |
1066 | ||
1067 | =item * | |
1068 | ||
1069 | In the 5.10.0 release, a combination of C<use feature> and C<//ee> could | |
1070 | cause a memory leak [RT #63110]. | |
1071 | ||
1072 | =item * | |
1073 | ||
1074 | C<-C> on the shebang (C<#!>) line is once more permitted if it is also | |
1075 | specified on the command line. C<-C> on the shebang line used to be a | |
1076 | silent no-op I<if> it was not also on the command line, so perl 5.10.0 | |
1077 | disallowed it, which broke some scripts. Now perl checks whether it is | |
1078 | also on the command line and only dies if it is not [RT #67880]. | |
1079 | ||
1080 | =item * | |
1081 | ||
1082 | In 5.10.0, certain types of re-entrant regular expression could crash, | |
1083 | or cause the following assertion failure [RT #60508]: | |
1084 | ||
1085 | Assertion rx->sublen >= (s - rx->subbeg) + i failed | |
1086 | ||
7f0da121 JV |
1087 | =item * |
1088 | ||
1089 | Previously missing files from Unicode 5.1 Character Database are now included. | |
1090 | ||
01ad23f5 JV |
1091 | =item * |
1092 | ||
1093 | C<TMPDIR> is now honored when opening an anonymous temporary file | |
1094 | ||
5a00ee6a JV |
1095 | =back |
1096 | ||
1097 | =head1 New or Changed Diagnostics | |
1098 | ||
1099 | =over 4 | |
1100 | ||
1101 | =item C<panic: sv_chop %s> | |
1102 | ||
1103 | This new fatal error occurs when the C routine C<Perl_sv_chop()> was | |
1104 | passed a position that is not within the scalar's string buffer. This | |
1105 | could be caused by buggy XS code, and at this point recovery is not | |
1106 | possible. | |
1107 | ||
1108 | =item C<Can't locate package %s for the parents of %s> | |
1109 | ||
1110 | This warning has been removed. In general, it only got produced in | |
1111 | conjunction with other warnings, and removing it allowed an ISA lookup | |
1112 | optimisation to be added. | |
1113 | ||
1114 | =item C<v-string in use/require is non-portable> | |
1115 | ||
1116 | This warning has been removed. | |
1117 | ||
1118 | =item C<Deep recursion on subroutine "%s"> | |
1119 | ||
1120 | It is now possible to change the depth threshold for this warning from the | |
1121 | default of 100, by recompiling the F<perl> binary, setting the C | |
1122 | pre-processor macro C<PERL_SUB_DEPTH_WARN> to the desired value. | |
1123 | ||
1124 | =back | |
1125 | ||
1126 | =head1 Changed Internals | |
1127 | ||
1128 | =over 4 | |
1129 | ||
1130 | =item * | |
1131 | ||
ef87f8cb NC |
1132 | TODO: C<SVt_RV> is gone. RVs are now stored in IVs |
1133 | ||
1134 | =item * | |
1135 | ||
1136 | TODO: REGEXPs are first class | |
1137 | ||
1138 | =item * | |
1139 | ||
1140 | TODO: OOK is reworked, such that an OOKed scalar is PV not PVIV | |
1141 | ||
1142 | =item * | |
1143 | ||
5a00ee6a JV |
1144 | The J.R.R. Tolkien quotes at the head of C source file have been checked and |
1145 | proper citations added, thanks to a patch from Tom Christiansen. | |
1146 | ||
1147 | =item * | |
1148 | ||
7a4b5c08 | 1149 | C<Perl_vcroak()> now accepts a null first argument. In addition, a full audit |
5a00ee6a JV |
1150 | was made of the "not NULL" compiler annotations, and those for several |
1151 | other internal functions were corrected. | |
1152 | ||
1153 | =item * | |
1154 | ||
1155 | New macros C<dSAVEDERRNO>, C<dSAVE_ERRNO>, C<SAVE_ERRNO>, C<RESTORE_ERRNO> | |
1156 | have been added to formalise the temporary saving of the C<errno> | |
1157 | variable. | |
1158 | ||
1159 | =item * | |
1160 | ||
1161 | The function C<Perl_sv_insert_flags> has been added to augment | |
1162 | C<Perl_sv_insert>. | |
1163 | ||
1164 | =item * | |
1165 | ||
1166 | The function C<Perl_newSV_type(type)> has been added, equivalent to | |
1167 | C<Perl_newSV()> followed by C<Perl_sv_upgrade(type)>. | |
1168 | ||
1169 | =item * | |
1170 | ||
1171 | The function C<Perl_newSVpvn_flags()> has been added, equivalent to | |
1172 | C<Perl_newSVpvn()> and then performing the action relevant to the flag. | |
1173 | ||
1174 | Two flag bits are currently supported. | |
1175 | ||
1176 | =over 4 | |
1177 | ||
1178 | =item C<SVf_UTF8> | |
1179 | ||
1180 | This will call C<SvUTF8_on()> for you. (Note that this does not convert an | |
1181 | sequence of ISO 8859-1 characters to UTF-8). A wrapper, C<newSVpvn_utf8()> | |
1182 | is available for this. | |
1183 | ||
1184 | =item C<SVs_TEMP> | |
1185 | ||
7a4b5c08 | 1186 | Call C<Perl_sv_2mortal()> on the new SV. |
5a00ee6a JV |
1187 | |
1188 | =back | |
1189 | ||
1190 | There is also a wrapper that takes constant strings, C<newSVpvs_flags()>. | |
1191 | ||
1192 | =item * | |
1193 | ||
1194 | The function C<Perl_croak_xs_usage> has been added as a wrapper to | |
1195 | C<Perl_croak>. | |
1196 | ||
1197 | =item * | |
1198 | ||
1199 | The functions C<PerlIO_find_layer> and C<PerlIO_list_alloc> are now | |
1200 | exported. | |
1201 | ||
1202 | =item * | |
1203 | ||
1204 | C<PL_na> has been exterminated from the core code, replaced by local STRLEN | |
1205 | temporaries, or C<*_nolen()> calls. Either approach is faster than C<PL_na>, | |
1206 | which is a pointer deference into the interpreter structure under ithreads, | |
1207 | and a global variable otherwise. | |
1208 | ||
1209 | =item * | |
1210 | ||
7a4b5c08 | 1211 | C<Perl_mg_free()> used to leave freed memory accessible via C<SvMAGIC()> on |
5a00ee6a JV |
1212 | the scalar. It now updates the linked list to remove each piece of magic |
1213 | as it is freed. | |
1214 | ||
1215 | =item * | |
1216 | ||
1217 | Under ithreads, the regex in C<PL_reg_curpm> is now reference counted. This | |
1218 | eliminates a lot of hackish workarounds to cope with it not being reference | |
1219 | counted. | |
1220 | ||
1221 | =item * | |
1222 | ||
1223 | C<Perl_mg_magical()> would sometimes incorrectly turn on C<SvRMAGICAL()>. | |
1224 | This has been fixed. | |
1225 | ||
1226 | =item * | |
1227 | ||
1228 | The I<public> IV and NV flags are now not set if the string value has | |
1229 | trailing "garbage". This behaviour is consistent with not setting the | |
1230 | public IV or NV flags if the value is out of range for the type. | |
1231 | ||
1232 | =item * | |
1233 | ||
1234 | SV allocation tracing has been added to the diagnostics enabled by C<-Dm>. | |
1235 | The tracing can alternatively output via the C<PERL_MEM_LOG> mechanism, if | |
1236 | that was enabled when the F<perl> binary was compiled. | |
1237 | ||
1238 | =item * | |
1239 | ||
d7ea0f56 JV |
1240 | Smartmatch resolution tracing has been added as a new diagnostic. Use C<-DM> to |
1241 | enable it. | |
1242 | ||
7f0da121 JV |
1243 | |
1244 | =item * | |
1245 | ||
1246 | A new debugging flag C<-DB> now dumps subroutine definitions, leaving | |
1247 | C<-Dx> for its original purpose of dumping syntax trees. | |
1248 | ||
d7ea0f56 JV |
1249 | =item * |
1250 | ||
5a00ee6a JV |
1251 | Uses of C<Nullav>, C<Nullcv>, C<Nullhv>, C<Nullop>, C<Nullsv> etc have been |
1252 | replaced by C<NULL> in the core code, and non-dual-life modules, as C<NULL> | |
1253 | is clearer to those unfamiliar with the core code. | |
1254 | ||
1255 | =item * | |
1256 | ||
1257 | A macro C<MUTABLE_PTR(p)> has been added, which on (non-pedantic) gcc will | |
1258 | not cast away C<const>, returning a C<void *>. Macros C<MUTABLE_SV(av)>, | |
1259 | C<MUTABLE_SV(cv)> etc build on this, casting to C<AV *> etc without | |
1260 | casting away C<const>. This allows proper compile-time auditing of | |
1261 | C<const> correctness in the core, and helped picked up some errors (now | |
1262 | fixed). | |
1263 | ||
1264 | =item * | |
1265 | ||
1266 | Macros C<mPUSHs()> and C<mXPUSHs()> have been added, for pushing SVs on the | |
1267 | stack and mortalizing them. | |
1268 | ||
1269 | =item * | |
1270 | ||
1271 | Use of the private structure C<mro_meta> has changed slightly. Nothing | |
1272 | outside the core should be accessing this directly anyway. | |
1273 | ||
1274 | =item * | |
1275 | ||
76e3c4a8 | 1276 | A new tool, F<Porting/expand-macro.pl> has been added, that allows you |
5a00ee6a JV |
1277 | to view how a C preprocessor macro would be expanded when compiled. |
1278 | This is handy when trying to decode the macro hell that is the perl | |
1279 | guts. | |
1280 | ||
1281 | =back | |
1282 | ||
1283 | =head1 New Tests | |
1284 | ||
1285 | Many modules updated from CPAN incorporate new tests. | |
1286 | ||
1287 | Several tests that have the potential to hang forever if they fail now | |
1288 | incorporate a "watchdog" functionality that will kill them after a timeout, | |
1289 | which helps ensure that C<make test> and C<make test_harness> run to | |
1290 | completion automatically. (Jerry Hedden). | |
1291 | ||
1292 | Some core-specific tests have been added: | |
1293 | ||
1294 | =over 4 | |
1295 | ||
1296 | =item t/comp/retainedlines.t | |
1297 | ||
1298 | Check that the debugger can retain source lines from C<eval>. | |
1299 | ||
1300 | =item t/io/perlio_fail.t | |
1301 | ||
1302 | Check that bad layers fail. | |
1303 | ||
1304 | =item t/io/perlio_leaks.t | |
1305 | ||
1306 | Check that PerlIO layers are not leaking. | |
1307 | ||
1308 | =item t/io/perlio_open.t | |
1309 | ||
1310 | Check that certain special forms of open work. | |
1311 | ||
1312 | =item t/io/perlio.t | |
1313 | ||
1314 | General PerlIO tests. | |
1315 | ||
1316 | =item t/io/pvbm.t | |
1317 | ||
1318 | Check that there is no unexpected interaction between the internal types | |
1319 | C<PVBM> and C<PVGV>. | |
1320 | ||
1321 | =item t/mro/package_aliases.t | |
1322 | ||
1323 | Check that mro works properly in the presence of aliased packages. | |
1324 | ||
1325 | =item t/op/dbm.t | |
1326 | ||
1327 | Tests for C<dbmopen> and C<dbmclose>. | |
1328 | ||
1329 | =item t/op/index_thr.t | |
1330 | ||
1331 | Tests for the interaction of C<index> and threads. | |
1332 | ||
1333 | =item t/op/pat_thr.t | |
1334 | ||
1335 | Tests for the interaction of esoteric patterns and threads. | |
1336 | ||
1337 | =item t/op/qr_gc.t | |
1338 | ||
1339 | Test that C<qr> doesn't leak. | |
1340 | ||
1341 | =item t/op/reg_email_thr.t | |
1342 | ||
1343 | Tests for the interaction of regex recursion and threads. | |
1344 | ||
1345 | =item t/op/regexp_qr_embed_thr.t | |
1346 | ||
1347 | Tests for the interaction of patterns with embedded C<qr//> and threads. | |
1348 | ||
1349 | =item t/op/regexp_unicode_prop.t | |
1350 | ||
1351 | Tests for Unicode properties in regular expressions. | |
1352 | ||
1353 | =item t/op/regexp_unicode_prop_thr.t | |
1354 | ||
1355 | Tests for the interaction of Unicode properties and threads. | |
1356 | ||
1357 | =item t/op/reg_nc_tie.t | |
1358 | ||
1359 | Test the tied methods of C<Tie::Hash::NamedCapture>. | |
1360 | ||
eeab323f | 1361 | =item t/op/reg_posixcc.t |
5a00ee6a JV |
1362 | |
1363 | Check that POSIX character classes behave consistently. | |
1364 | ||
1365 | =item t/op/re.t | |
1366 | ||
1367 | Check that exportable C<re> functions in F<universal.c> work. | |
1368 | ||
1369 | =item t/op/setpgrpstack.t | |
1370 | ||
1371 | Check that C<setpgrp> works. | |
1372 | ||
1373 | =item t/op/substr_thr.t | |
1374 | ||
1375 | Tests for the interaction of C<substr> and threads. | |
1376 | ||
1377 | =item t/op/upgrade.t | |
1378 | ||
1379 | Check that upgrading and assigning scalars works. | |
1380 | ||
1381 | =item t/uni/lex_utf8.t | |
1382 | ||
1383 | Check that Unicode in the lexer works. | |
1384 | ||
1385 | =item t/uni/tie.t | |
1386 | ||
1387 | Check that Unicode and C<tie> work. | |
1388 | ||
1389 | =back | |
1390 | ||
1391 | =head1 Known Problems | |
1392 | ||
1393 | This is a list of some significant unfixed bugs, which are regressions | |
1394 | from either 5.10.0 or 5.8.x. | |
1395 | ||
1396 | =over 4 | |
1397 | ||
1398 | =item * | |
1399 | ||
1400 | C<List::Util::first> misbehaves in the presence of a lexical C<$_> | |
1401 | (typically introduced by C<my $_> or implicitly by C<given>). The variable | |
1402 | which gets set for each iteration is the package variable C<$_>, not the | |
1403 | lexical C<$_> [RT #67694]. | |
1404 | ||
1405 | A similar issue may occur in other modules that provide functions which | |
1406 | take a block as their first argument, like | |
1407 | ||
1408 | foo { ... $_ ...} list | |
1409 | ||
1410 | =item * | |
1411 | ||
1412 | The C<charnames> pragma may generate a run-time error when a regex is | |
1413 | interpolated [RT #56444]: | |
1414 | ||
1415 | use charnames ':full'; | |
1416 | my $r1 = qr/\N{THAI CHARACTER SARA I}/; | |
1417 | "foo" =~ $r1; # okay | |
1418 | "foo" =~ /$r1+/; # runtime error | |
1419 | ||
1420 | A workaround is to generate the character outside of the regex: | |
1421 | ||
1422 | my $a = "\N{THAI CHARACTER SARA I}"; | |
1423 | my $r1 = qr/$a/; | |
1424 | ||
1425 | =item * | |
1426 | ||
1427 | Some regexes may run much more slowly when run in a child thread compared | |
1428 | with the thread the pattern was compiled into [RT #55600]. | |
1429 | ||
5a00ee6a JV |
1430 | =back |
1431 | ||
1432 | =head1 Deprecations | |
1433 | ||
1434 | The following items are now deprecated. | |
1435 | ||
1436 | =over 4 | |
1437 | ||
1438 | =item * | |
1439 | ||
1440 | C<Switch> is buggy and should be avoided. From perl 5.11.0 onwards, it is | |
1441 | intended that any use of the core version of this module will emit a | |
1442 | warning, and that the module will eventually be removed from the core | |
1443 | (probably in perl 5.14.0). See L<perlsyn/"Switch statements"> for its | |
1444 | replacement. | |
1445 | ||
1446 | =item * | |
1447 | ||
0f97ff05 NC |
1448 | The following modules will be removed from the core distribution in a future |
1449 | release, and should be installed from CPAN instead. Distributions on CPAN | |
1450 | which require these should add them to their prerequisites. The core versions | |
1451 | of these modules warnings will issue a deprecation warning. | |
1452 | ||
1453 | =over | |
1454 | ||
1455 | =item * | |
1456 | ||
3f369777 NC |
1457 | C<Class::ISA> |
1458 | ||
1459 | =item * | |
1460 | ||
0f97ff05 NC |
1461 | C<Pod::Plainer> |
1462 | ||
3f369777 NC |
1463 | =item * |
1464 | ||
1465 | C<Shell> | |
1466 | ||
0f97ff05 NC |
1467 | =back |
1468 | ||
20e7cb7b NC |
1469 | Currently support to install from CPAN without a I<force> is C<TODO> in CPAN |
1470 | and CPANPLUS. This will be addressed before 5.12.0 ships. | |
1471 | ||
0f97ff05 NC |
1472 | =item * |
1473 | ||
ad1d1c50 | 1474 | C<suidperl> has been removed. It used to provide a mechanism to |
5a00ee6a JV |
1475 | emulate setuid permission bits on systems that don't support it properly. |
1476 | ||
ad1d1c50 JV |
1477 | =item * |
1478 | ||
1479 | Deprecate assignment to $[ | |
1480 | ||
1481 | =item * | |
1482 | ||
1483 | Remove attrs, which has been deprecated since 1999/10/02. | |
1484 | ||
1485 | =item * | |
1486 | ||
1487 | Deprecate use of the attribute :locked on subroutines. | |
1488 | ||
1489 | =item * | |
1490 | ||
1491 | Deprecate using "locked" with the attributes pragma. | |
1492 | ||
1493 | =item * | |
1494 | ||
1495 | Deprecate using "unique" with the attributes pragma. | |
1496 | ||
1497 | =item * | |
1498 | ||
c3e6c235 | 1499 | warn if ++ or -- are unable to change the value because it's beyond the limit of representation |
ad1d1c50 JV |
1500 | |
1501 | This uses a new warnings category: "imprecision". | |
1502 | ||
ad1d1c50 JV |
1503 | =item * |
1504 | ||
1505 | Make lc/uc/lcfirst/ucfirst warn when passed undef. | |
1506 | ||
1507 | =item * | |
1508 | ||
1509 | Show constant in "Useless use of a constant in void context" | |
1510 | ||
1511 | =item * | |
1512 | ||
1513 | Make the new warning report undef constants as undef | |
1514 | ||
1515 | =item * | |
1516 | ||
1517 | Add a new warning, "Prototype after '%s'" | |
1518 | ||
1519 | =item * | |
1520 | ||
1521 | Tweak the "Illegal character in prototype" warning so it's more precise when reporting illegal characters after _ | |
1522 | ||
1523 | =item * | |
1524 | ||
278eac9e | 1525 | Unintended interpolation of $\ in regex |
ad1d1c50 JV |
1526 | |
1527 | =item * | |
1528 | ||
1529 | Make overflow warnings in gmtime/localtime only occur when warnings are on | |
1530 | ||
1531 | =item * | |
1532 | ||
1533 | Improve mro merging error messages. | |
1534 | ||
1535 | They are now very similar to those produced by Algorithm::C3. | |
1536 | ||
1537 | =item * | |
1538 | ||
1539 | Amelioration of the error message "Unrecognized character %s in column %d" | |
1540 | ||
07e28eec JV |
1541 | Changes the error message to "Unrecognized character %s; marked by E<lt>-- |
1542 | HERE after %sE<lt>-- HERE near column %d". This should make it a little | |
ad1d1c50 JV |
1543 | simpler to spot and correct the suspicious character. |
1544 | ||
1545 | =item * | |
1546 | ||
1547 | Explicitely point to $. when it causes an uninitialized warning for ranges in scalar context | |
1548 | ||
d7ea0f56 | 1549 | |
c3e6c235 | 1550 | =item * |
d7ea0f56 JV |
1551 | |
1552 | Deprecated numerous Perl 4-era libraries: | |
1553 | ||
1554 | F<termcap.pl>, F<tainted.pl>, F<stat.pl>, F<shellwords.pl>, F<pwd.pl>, | |
1555 | F<open3.pl>, F<open2.pl>, F<newgetopt.pl>, F<look.pl>, F<find.pl>, | |
1556 | F<finddepth.pl>, F<importenv.pl>, F<hostname.pl>, F<getopts.pl>, | |
1557 | F<getopt.pl>, F<getcwd.pl>, F<flush.pl>, F<fastcwd.pl>, F<exceptions.pl>, | |
1558 | F<ctime.pl>, F<complete.pl>, F<cacheout.pl>, F<bigrat.pl>, F<bigint.pl>, | |
1559 | F<bigfloat.pl>, F<assert.pl>, F<abbrev.pl>, F<dotsh.pl>, and | |
1560 | F<timelocal.pl> are all now deprecated. Using them will incur a warning. | |
1561 | ||
5a00ee6a JV |
1562 | =back |
1563 | ||
1564 | =head1 Acknowledgements | |
1565 | ||
0cd7f36e NC |
1566 | Some of the work in this release was funded by a TPF grant funded by |
1567 | Dijkmat BV, The Netherlands. | |
5a00ee6a JV |
1568 | |
1569 | Steffen Mueller and David Golden in particular helped getting CPAN modules | |
1570 | polished and synchronised with their in-core equivalents. | |
1571 | ||
1572 | Craig Berry was tireless in getting maint to run under VMS, no matter how | |
1573 | many times we broke it for him. | |
1574 | ||
1575 | The other core committers contributed most of the changes, and applied most | |
1576 | of the patches sent in by the hundreds of contributors listed in F<AUTHORS>. | |
7120b314 | 1577 | |
ad1d1c50 JV |
1578 | Much of the work of categorizing changes in this perldelta file was contributed |
1579 | by the following porters using changelogger.bestpractical.com: | |
1580 | ||
1581 | Nicholas Clark, leon, shawn, alexm, rjbs, rafl, Pedro Melo, brunorc, | |
1582 | anonymous, ☄, Tom Hukins, anonymous, Jesse, dagolden, Moritz Onken, | |
1583 | Mark Fowler, chorny, anonymous, tmtm | |
1584 | ||
5a00ee6a JV |
1585 | Finally, thanks to Larry Wall, without whom none of this would be |
1586 | necessary. | |
7120b314 NC |
1587 | |
1588 | =head1 Reporting Bugs | |
1589 | ||
1590 | If you find what you think is a bug, you might check the articles | |
1591 | recently posted to the comp.lang.perl.misc newsgroup and the perl | |
5a00ee6a | 1592 | bug database at http://rt.perl.org/perlbug/ . There may also be |
7120b314 NC |
1593 | information at http://www.perl.org/ , the Perl Home Page. |
1594 | ||
1595 | If you believe you have an unreported bug, please run the B<perlbug> | |
1596 | program included with your release. Be sure to trim your bug down | |
1597 | to a tiny but sufficient test case. Your bug report, along with the | |
1598 | output of C<perl -V>, will be sent off to perlbug@perl.org to be | |
1599 | analysed by the Perl porting team. | |
1600 | ||
49f8307e NC |
1601 | If the bug you are reporting has security implications, which make it |
1602 | inappropriate to send to a publicly archived mailing list, then please send | |
1603 | it to perl5-security-report@perl.org. This points to a closed subscription | |
1604 | unarchived mailing list, which includes all the core committers, who be able | |
1605 | to help assess the impact of issues, figure out a resolution, and help | |
1606 | co-ordinate the release of patches to mitigate or fix the problem across all | |
5a00ee6a JV |
1607 | platforms on which Perl is supported. Please only use this address for |
1608 | security issues in the Perl core, not for modules independently | |
1609 | distributed on CPAN. | |
49f8307e | 1610 | |
7120b314 NC |
1611 | =head1 SEE ALSO |
1612 | ||
5a00ee6a JV |
1613 | The F<Changes> file for an explanation of how to view exhaustive details |
1614 | on what changed. | |
7120b314 NC |
1615 | |
1616 | The F<INSTALL> file for how to build Perl. | |
1617 | ||
1618 | The F<README> file for general stuff. | |
1619 | ||
1620 | The F<Artistic> and F<Copying> files for copyright information. | |
1621 | ||
1622 | =cut | |
ad1d1c50 JV |
1623 | |
1624 |