Commit | Line | Data |
---|---|---|
2e1d04bc JH |
1 | #!../miniperl |
2 | ||
1fa7ca25 JH |
3 | $ENV{LC_ALL} = 'C'; |
4 | ||
b7da254d | 5 | open (OUT, ">perlmodlib.pod") or die $!; |
1fa7ca25 | 6 | my (@pragma, @mod, @MANIFEST); |
4d671226 | 7 | |
2e1d04bc | 8 | open (MANIFEST, "../MANIFEST") or die $!; |
4d671226 | 9 | @MANIFEST = grep !m</(?:t|demo)/>, <MANIFEST>; |
7ef5744c RGS |
10 | push @MANIFEST, 'lib/Config.pod', 'lib/Errno.pm', 'lib/lib.pm', |
11 | 'lib/DynaLoader.pm', 'lib/XSLoader.pm'; | |
2e1d04bc | 12 | |
4d671226 | 13 | for (@MANIFEST) { |
2e1d04bc JH |
14 | my $filename; |
15 | next unless s|^lib/|| or m|^ext/|; | |
7ef5744c | 16 | my ($origfilename) = ($filename) = m|^(\S+)|; |
2e1d04bc | 17 | $filename =~ s|^[^/]+/|| if $filename =~ s|^ext/||; |
1fa7ca25 | 18 | next unless $filename =~ m!\.p(m|od)$!; |
7ef5744c RGS |
19 | unless (open (MOD, "../lib/$filename")) { |
20 | unless (open (MOD, "../$origfilename")) { | |
21 | warn "Couldn't open ../$origfilename: $!"; | |
22 | next; | |
23 | } | |
24 | $filename = $origfilename; | |
25 | } | |
4e860d0a | 26 | |
1fa7ca25 | 27 | |
2e1d04bc JH |
28 | my ($name, $thing); |
29 | my $foundit=0; | |
4e860d0a JH |
30 | { |
31 | local $/=""; | |
32 | while (<MOD>) { | |
33 | next unless /^=head1 NAME/; | |
34 | $foundit++; | |
35 | last; | |
36 | } | |
2e1d04bc | 37 | } |
4e860d0a | 38 | unless ($foundit) { |
1fa7ca25 | 39 | warn "$filename missing =head1 NAME (okay if there is respective .pod)\n"; |
4e860d0a | 40 | next; |
2e1d04bc | 41 | } |
2e1d04bc JH |
42 | my $title = <MOD>; |
43 | chomp($title); | |
44 | close MOD; | |
45 | ||
46 | my $perlname = $filename; | |
7ef5744c | 47 | $perlname =~ s!^.*\b(ext|lib)/!!; |
4e860d0a | 48 | $perlname =~ s!\.p(m|od)$!!; |
7ef5744c | 49 | $perlname =~ s!\b(\w+)/\1\b!$1!; |
4e860d0a JH |
50 | $perlname =~ s!/!::!g; |
51 | ||
52 | ($name, $thing) = split / --? /, $title, 2; | |
53 | ||
54 | unless ($name and $thing) { | |
55 | warn "$filename missing name\n" unless $name; | |
56 | warn "$filename missing thing\n" unless $thing; | |
57 | next; | |
58 | } | |
2e1d04bc | 59 | |
1fa7ca25 | 60 | |
4e860d0a JH |
61 | $thing =~ s/^perl pragma to //i; |
62 | $thing = ucfirst($thing); | |
2e1d04bc JH |
63 | $title = "=item $perlname\n\n$thing\n\n"; |
64 | ||
1fa7ca25 | 65 | if ($filename =~ /[A-Z]/) { |
2e1d04bc JH |
66 | push @mod, $title; |
67 | } else { | |
68 | push @pragma, $title; | |
69 | } | |
70 | } | |
71 | ||
72 | print OUT <<'EOF'; | |
c165c82a JH |
73 | =for maintainers |
74 | Generated by perlmodlib.PL -- DO NOT EDIT! | |
843dbe26 | 75 | |
2e1d04bc JH |
76 | =head1 NAME |
77 | ||
78 | perlmodlib - constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones | |
79 | ||
2e1d04bc JH |
80 | =head1 THE PERL MODULE LIBRARY |
81 | ||
7ef5744c | 82 | Many modules are included in the Perl distribution. These are described |
2e1d04bc | 83 | below, and all end in F<.pm>. You may discover compiled library |
7ef5744c | 84 | files (usually ending in F<.so>) or small pieces of modules to be |
2e1d04bc JH |
85 | autoloaded (ending in F<.al>); these were automatically generated |
86 | by the installation process. You may also discover files in the | |
87 | library directory that end in either F<.pl> or F<.ph>. These are | |
88 | old libraries supplied so that old programs that use them still | |
89 | run. The F<.pl> files will all eventually be converted into standard | |
90 | modules, and the F<.ph> files made by B<h2ph> will probably end up | |
91 | as extension modules made by B<h2xs>. (Some F<.ph> values may | |
92 | already be available through the POSIX, Errno, or Fcntl modules.) | |
93 | The B<pl2pm> file in the distribution may help in your conversion, | |
94 | but it's just a mechanical process and therefore far from bulletproof. | |
95 | ||
96 | =head2 Pragmatic Modules | |
97 | ||
98 | They work somewhat like compiler directives (pragmata) in that they | |
99 | tend to affect the compilation of your program, and thus will usually | |
100 | work well only when used within a C<use>, or C<no>. Most of these | |
101 | are lexically scoped, so an inner BLOCK may countermand them | |
102 | by saying: | |
103 | ||
104 | no integer; | |
105 | no strict 'refs'; | |
106 | no warnings; | |
107 | ||
108 | which lasts until the end of that BLOCK. | |
109 | ||
110 | Some pragmas are lexically scoped--typically those that affect the | |
111 | C<$^H> hints variable. Others affect the current package instead, | |
112 | like C<use vars> and C<use subs>, which allow you to predeclare a | |
113 | variables or subroutines within a particular I<file> rather than | |
114 | just a block. Such declarations are effective for the entire file | |
115 | for which they were declared. You cannot rescind them with C<no | |
116 | vars> or C<no subs>. | |
117 | ||
118 | The following pragmas are defined (and have their own documentation). | |
119 | ||
120 | =over 12 | |
121 | ||
122 | EOF | |
123 | ||
124 | print OUT $_ for (sort @pragma); | |
125 | ||
126 | print OUT <<EOF; | |
127 | =back | |
128 | ||
129 | =head2 Standard Modules | |
130 | ||
131 | Standard, bundled modules are all expected to behave in a well-defined | |
132 | manner with respect to namespace pollution because they use the | |
133 | Exporter module. See their own documentation for details. | |
134 | ||
7ef5744c RGS |
135 | It's possible that not all modules listed below are installed on your |
136 | system. For example, the GDBM_File module will not be installed if you | |
137 | don't have the gdbm library. | |
138 | ||
2e1d04bc JH |
139 | =over 12 |
140 | ||
141 | EOF | |
142 | ||
143 | print OUT $_ for (sort @mod); | |
144 | ||
145 | print OUT <<'EOF'; | |
146 | =back | |
147 | ||
148 | To find out I<all> modules installed on your system, including | |
149 | those without documentation or outside the standard release, | |
a4373870 CW |
150 | just use the following command (under the default win32 shell, |
151 | double quotes should be used instead of single quotes). | |
2e1d04bc | 152 | |
a4373870 CW |
153 | % perl -MFile::Find=find -MFile::Spec::Functions -Tlwe \ |
154 | 'find { wanted => sub { print canonpath $_ if /\.pm\z/ }, | |
155 | no_chdir => 1 }, @INC' | |
2e1d04bc | 156 | |
8518420c | 157 | (The -T is here to prevent '.' from being listed in @INC.) |
2e1d04bc JH |
158 | They should all have their own documentation installed and accessible |
159 | via your system man(1) command. If you do not have a B<find> | |
160 | program, you can use the Perl B<find2perl> program instead, which | |
161 | generates Perl code as output you can run through perl. If you | |
162 | have a B<man> program but it doesn't find your modules, you'll have | |
163 | to fix your manpath. See L<perl> for details. If you have no | |
164 | system B<man> command, you might try the B<perldoc> program. | |
165 | ||
8518420c RGS |
166 | Note also that the command C<perldoc perllocal> gives you a (possibly |
167 | incomplete) list of the modules that have been further installed on | |
168 | your system. (The perllocal.pod file is updated by the standard MakeMaker | |
169 | install process.) | |
170 | ||
2e1d04bc JH |
171 | =head2 Extension Modules |
172 | ||
173 | Extension modules are written in C (or a mix of Perl and C). They | |
174 | are usually dynamically loaded into Perl if and when you need them, | |
da75cd15 | 175 | but may also be linked in statically. Supported extension modules |
2e1d04bc JH |
176 | include Socket, Fcntl, and POSIX. |
177 | ||
178 | Many popular C extension modules do not come bundled (at least, not | |
179 | completely) due to their sizes, volatility, or simply lack of time | |
180 | for adequate testing and configuration across the multitude of | |
181 | platforms on which Perl was beta-tested. You are encouraged to | |
182 | look for them on CPAN (described below), or using web search engines | |
7ef5744c | 183 | like Alta Vista or Google. |
2e1d04bc JH |
184 | |
185 | =head1 CPAN | |
186 | ||
187 | CPAN stands for Comprehensive Perl Archive Network; it's a globally | |
188 | replicated trove of Perl materials, including documentation, style | |
189 | guides, tricks and traps, alternate ports to non-Unix systems and | |
190 | occasional binary distributions for these. Search engines for | |
1577cd80 | 191 | CPAN can be found at http://www.cpan.org/ |
2e1d04bc JH |
192 | |
193 | Most importantly, CPAN includes around a thousand unbundled modules, | |
194 | some of which require a C compiler to build. Major categories of | |
195 | modules are: | |
196 | ||
197 | =over | |
198 | ||
199 | =item * | |
ac634a9a | 200 | |
2e1d04bc JH |
201 | Language Extensions and Documentation Tools |
202 | ||
203 | =item * | |
ac634a9a | 204 | |
2e1d04bc JH |
205 | Development Support |
206 | ||
207 | =item * | |
ac634a9a | 208 | |
2e1d04bc JH |
209 | Operating System Interfaces |
210 | ||
211 | =item * | |
ac634a9a | 212 | |
2e1d04bc JH |
213 | Networking, Device Control (modems) and InterProcess Communication |
214 | ||
215 | =item * | |
ac634a9a | 216 | |
2e1d04bc JH |
217 | Data Types and Data Type Utilities |
218 | ||
219 | =item * | |
ac634a9a | 220 | |
2e1d04bc JH |
221 | Database Interfaces |
222 | ||
223 | =item * | |
ac634a9a | 224 | |
2e1d04bc JH |
225 | User Interfaces |
226 | ||
227 | =item * | |
ac634a9a | 228 | |
2e1d04bc JH |
229 | Interfaces to / Emulations of Other Programming Languages |
230 | ||
231 | =item * | |
ac634a9a | 232 | |
2e1d04bc JH |
233 | File Names, File Systems and File Locking (see also File Handles) |
234 | ||
235 | =item * | |
ac634a9a | 236 | |
2e1d04bc JH |
237 | String Processing, Language Text Processing, Parsing, and Searching |
238 | ||
239 | =item * | |
ac634a9a | 240 | |
2e1d04bc JH |
241 | Option, Argument, Parameter, and Configuration File Processing |
242 | ||
243 | =item * | |
ac634a9a | 244 | |
2e1d04bc JH |
245 | Internationalization and Locale |
246 | ||
247 | =item * | |
ac634a9a | 248 | |
2e1d04bc JH |
249 | Authentication, Security, and Encryption |
250 | ||
251 | =item * | |
ac634a9a | 252 | |
2e1d04bc JH |
253 | World Wide Web, HTML, HTTP, CGI, MIME |
254 | ||
255 | =item * | |
ac634a9a | 256 | |
2e1d04bc JH |
257 | Server and Daemon Utilities |
258 | ||
259 | =item * | |
ac634a9a | 260 | |
2e1d04bc JH |
261 | Archiving and Compression |
262 | ||
263 | =item * | |
ac634a9a | 264 | |
2e1d04bc JH |
265 | Images, Pixmap and Bitmap Manipulation, Drawing, and Graphing |
266 | ||
267 | =item * | |
ac634a9a | 268 | |
2e1d04bc JH |
269 | Mail and Usenet News |
270 | ||
271 | =item * | |
ac634a9a | 272 | |
2e1d04bc JH |
273 | Control Flow Utilities (callbacks and exceptions etc) |
274 | ||
275 | =item * | |
ac634a9a | 276 | |
2e1d04bc JH |
277 | File Handle and Input/Output Stream Utilities |
278 | ||
279 | =item * | |
ac634a9a | 280 | |
2e1d04bc JH |
281 | Miscellaneous Modules |
282 | ||
283 | =back | |
284 | ||
5df44211 JH |
285 | The list of the registered CPAN sites as of this writing follows. |
286 | Please note that the sorting order is alphabetical on fields: | |
287 | ||
288 | Continent | |
289 | | | |
290 | |-->Country | |
291 | | | |
292 | |-->[state/province] | |
293 | | | |
294 | |-->ftp | |
295 | | | |
296 | |-->[http] | |
297 | ||
298 | and thus the North American servers happen to be listed between the | |
299 | European and the South American sites. | |
300 | ||
301 | You should try to choose one close to you. | |
2e1d04bc | 302 | |
4e860d0a JH |
303 | =head2 Africa |
304 | ||
305 | =over 4 | |
306 | ||
5df44211 | 307 | =item South Africa |
4e860d0a | 308 | |
5c5c2539 JH |
309 | http://ftp.rucus.ru.ac.za/pub/perl/CPAN/ |
310 | ftp://ftp.rucus.ru.ac.za/pub/perl/CPAN/ | |
5df44211 | 311 | ftp://ftp.is.co.za/programming/perl/CPAN/ |
5df44211 JH |
312 | ftp://ftp.saix.net/pub/CPAN/ |
313 | ftp://ftp.sun.ac.za/CPAN/CPAN/ | |
4e860d0a JH |
314 | |
315 | =back | |
316 | ||
317 | =head2 Asia | |
318 | ||
319 | =over 4 | |
320 | ||
5df44211 | 321 | =item China |
4e860d0a | 322 | |
5c5c2539 | 323 | http://cpan.linuxforum.net/ |
5df44211 JH |
324 | http://cpan.shellhung.org/ |
325 | ftp://ftp.shellhung.org/pub/CPAN | |
5c5c2539 | 326 | ftp://mirrors.hknet.com/CPAN |
c165c82a | 327 | |
5df44211 | 328 | =item Indonesia |
c165c82a | 329 | |
5c5c2539 | 330 | http://mirrors.tf.itb.ac.id/cpan/ |
5df44211 JH |
331 | http://cpan.cbn.net.id/ |
332 | ftp://ftp.cbn.net.id/mirror/CPAN | |
c165c82a | 333 | |
5df44211 | 334 | =item Israel |
c165c82a | 335 | |
5df44211 JH |
336 | ftp://ftp.iglu.org.il/pub/CPAN/ |
337 | http://cpan.lerner.co.il/ | |
338 | http://bioinfo.weizmann.ac.il/pub/software/perl/CPAN/ | |
339 | ftp://bioinfo.weizmann.ac.il/pub/software/perl/CPAN/ | |
c165c82a | 340 | |
5df44211 | 341 | =item Japan |
c165c82a | 342 | |
5df44211 JH |
343 | ftp://ftp.u-aizu.ac.jp/pub/CPAN |
344 | ftp://ftp.kddlabs.co.jp/CPAN/ | |
5df44211 JH |
345 | ftp://ftp.ayamura.org/pub/CPAN/ |
346 | ftp://ftp.jaist.ac.jp/pub/lang/perl/CPAN/ | |
7a142657 JH |
347 | http://ftp.cpan.jp/ |
348 | ftp://ftp.cpan.jp/CPAN/ | |
5df44211 JH |
349 | ftp://ftp.dti.ad.jp/pub/lang/CPAN/ |
350 | ftp://ftp.ring.gr.jp/pub/lang/perl/CPAN/ | |
c165c82a | 351 | |
5c5c2539 | 352 | =item Malaysia |
c165c82a | 353 | |
5c5c2539 JH |
354 | http://cpan.MyBSD.org.my |
355 | http://mirror.leafbug.org/pub/CPAN | |
356 | http://ossig.mncc.com.my/mirror/pub/CPAN | |
4e860d0a | 357 | |
5df44211 | 358 | =item Russian Federation |
4e860d0a | 359 | |
5df44211 | 360 | http://cpan.tomsk.ru |
7a142657 | 361 | ftp://cpan.tomsk.ru/ |
4e860d0a | 362 | |
5df44211 | 363 | =item Saudi Arabia |
4e860d0a | 364 | |
5df44211 | 365 | ftp://ftp.isu.net.sa/pub/CPAN/ |
4e860d0a | 366 | |
5df44211 | 367 | =item Singapore |
4e860d0a | 368 | |
5c5c2539 JH |
369 | http://CPAN.en.com.sg/ |
370 | ftp://cpan.en.com.sg/ | |
5df44211 JH |
371 | http://mirror.averse.net/pub/CPAN |
372 | ftp://mirror.averse.net/pub/CPAN | |
5c5c2539 JH |
373 | http://cpan.oss.eznetsols.org |
374 | ftp://ftp.oss.eznetsols.org/cpan | |
4e860d0a | 375 | |
5df44211 | 376 | =item South Korea |
4e860d0a | 377 | |
5df44211 JH |
378 | http://CPAN.bora.net/ |
379 | ftp://ftp.bora.net/pub/CPAN/ | |
5c5c2539 JH |
380 | http://mirror.kr.FreeBSD.org/CPAN |
381 | ftp://ftp.kr.FreeBSD.org/pub/CPAN | |
4e860d0a | 382 | |
5df44211 | 383 | =item Taiwan |
4e860d0a | 384 | |
5df44211 | 385 | ftp://ftp.nctu.edu.tw/UNIX/perl/CPAN |
5c5c2539 JH |
386 | http://cpan.cdpa.nsysu.edu.tw/ |
387 | ftp://cpan.cdpa.nsysu.edu.tw/pub/CPAN | |
388 | http://ftp.isu.edu.tw/pub/CPAN | |
389 | ftp://ftp.isu.edu.tw/pub/CPAN | |
5df44211 JH |
390 | ftp://ftp1.sinica.edu.tw/pub1/perl/CPAN/ |
391 | http://ftp.tku.edu.tw/pub/CPAN/ | |
392 | ftp://ftp.tku.edu.tw/pub/CPAN/ | |
7a142657 | 393 | |
5df44211 | 394 | =item Thailand |
4e860d0a | 395 | |
5df44211 JH |
396 | ftp://ftp.loxinfo.co.th/pub/cpan/ |
397 | ftp://ftp.cs.riubon.ac.th/pub/mirrors/CPAN/ | |
4e860d0a JH |
398 | |
399 | =back | |
400 | ||
401 | =head2 Central America | |
402 | ||
403 | =over 4 | |
404 | ||
5df44211 | 405 | =item Costa Rica |
4e860d0a | 406 | |
5df44211 JH |
407 | http://ftp.ucr.ac.cr/Unix/CPAN/ |
408 | ftp://ftp.ucr.ac.cr/pub/Unix/CPAN/ | |
4e860d0a JH |
409 | |
410 | =back | |
411 | ||
412 | =head2 Europe | |
413 | ||
414 | =over 4 | |
415 | ||
5df44211 | 416 | =item Austria |
4e860d0a | 417 | |
2e75584a JH |
418 | http://cpan.inode.at/ |
419 | ftp://cpan.inode.at | |
5df44211 | 420 | ftp://ftp.tuwien.ac.at/pub/CPAN/ |
4e860d0a | 421 | |
5df44211 | 422 | =item Belgium |
4e860d0a | 423 | |
5df44211 JH |
424 | http://ftp.easynet.be/pub/CPAN/ |
425 | ftp://ftp.easynet.be/pub/CPAN/ | |
426 | http://cpan.skynet.be | |
5c5c2539 | 427 | ftp://ftp.cpan.skynet.be/pub/CPAN |
5df44211 | 428 | ftp://ftp.kulnet.kuleuven.ac.be/pub/mirror/CPAN/ |
4e860d0a | 429 | |
7a142657 JH |
430 | =item Bosnia and Herzegovina |
431 | ||
432 | http://cpan.blic.net/ | |
433 | ||
5df44211 | 434 | =item Bulgaria |
4e860d0a | 435 | |
5c5c2539 JH |
436 | http://cpan.online.bg |
437 | ftp://cpan.online.bg/cpan | |
438 | http://cpan.zadnik.org | |
439 | ftp://ftp.zadnik.org/mirrors/CPAN/ | |
5df44211 JH |
440 | http://cpan.lirex.net/ |
441 | ftp://ftp.lirex.net/pub/mirrors/CPAN | |
4e860d0a | 442 | |
5df44211 | 443 | =item Croatia |
4e860d0a | 444 | |
5df44211 JH |
445 | http://ftp.linux.hr/pub/CPAN/ |
446 | ftp://ftp.linux.hr/pub/CPAN/ | |
4e860d0a | 447 | |
5df44211 | 448 | =item Czech Republic |
4e860d0a | 449 | |
5df44211 JH |
450 | ftp://ftp.fi.muni.cz/pub/CPAN/ |
451 | ftp://sunsite.mff.cuni.cz/MIRRORS/ftp.funet.fi/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/ | |
4e860d0a | 452 | |
5df44211 | 453 | =item Denmark |
4e860d0a | 454 | |
5df44211 JH |
455 | http://mirrors.sunsite.dk/cpan/ |
456 | ftp://sunsite.dk/mirrors/cpan/ | |
457 | http://cpan.cybercity.dk | |
458 | http://www.cpan.dk/CPAN/ | |
459 | ftp://www.cpan.dk/ftp.cpan.org/CPAN/ | |
4e860d0a | 460 | |
5df44211 | 461 | =item Estonia |
4e860d0a | 462 | |
5df44211 | 463 | ftp://ftp.ut.ee/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/ |
4e860d0a | 464 | |
5df44211 | 465 | =item Finland |
4e860d0a | 466 | |
5df44211 | 467 | ftp://ftp.funet.fi/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/ |
5c5c2539 | 468 | http://mirror.eunet.fi/CPAN |
4e860d0a | 469 | |
5df44211 | 470 | =item France |
c165c82a | 471 | |
5c5c2539 | 472 | http://www.enstimac.fr/Perl/CPAN |
5df44211 JH |
473 | http://ftp.u-paris10.fr/perl/CPAN |
474 | ftp://ftp.u-paris10.fr/perl/CPAN | |
475 | http://cpan.mirrors.easynet.fr/ | |
476 | ftp://cpan.mirrors.easynet.fr/pub/ftp.cpan.org/ | |
477 | ftp://ftp.club-internet.fr/pub/perl/CPAN/ | |
478 | http://fr.cpan.org/ | |
479 | ftp://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/perl/CPAN/ | |
480 | ftp://ftp.oleane.net/pub/mirrors/CPAN/ | |
481 | ftp://ftp.pasteur.fr/pub/computing/CPAN/ | |
482 | http://mir2.ovh.net/ftp.cpan.org | |
483 | ftp://mir1.ovh.net/ftp.cpan.org | |
5c5c2539 JH |
484 | http://ftp.crihan.fr/mirrors/ftp.cpan.org/ |
485 | ftp://ftp.crihan.fr/mirrors/ftp.cpan.org/ | |
5df44211 JH |
486 | http://ftp.u-strasbg.fr/CPAN |
487 | ftp://ftp.u-strasbg.fr/CPAN | |
5df44211 JH |
488 | ftp://cpan.cict.fr/pub/CPAN/ |
489 | ftp://ftp.uvsq.fr/pub/perl/CPAN/ | |
c165c82a | 490 | |
5df44211 | 491 | =item Germany |
c165c82a | 492 | |
5c5c2539 | 493 | ftp://ftp.rub.de/pub/CPAN/ |
5df44211 JH |
494 | ftp://ftp.freenet.de/pub/ftp.cpan.org/pub/CPAN/ |
495 | ftp://ftp.uni-erlangen.de/pub/source/CPAN/ | |
496 | ftp://ftp-stud.fht-esslingen.de/pub/Mirrors/CPAN | |
497 | http://pandemonium.tiscali.de/pub/CPAN/ | |
498 | ftp://pandemonium.tiscali.de/pub/CPAN/ | |
499 | http://ftp.gwdg.de/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/ | |
500 | ftp://ftp.gwdg.de/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/ | |
501 | ftp://ftp.uni-hamburg.de/pub/soft/lang/perl/CPAN/ | |
502 | ftp://ftp.leo.org/pub/CPAN/ | |
503 | http://cpan.noris.de/ | |
504 | ftp://cpan.noris.de/pub/CPAN/ | |
505 | ftp://ftp.mpi-sb.mpg.de/pub/perl/CPAN/ | |
506 | ftp://ftp.gmd.de/mirrors/CPAN/ | |
4e860d0a | 507 | |
5df44211 | 508 | =item Greece |
4e860d0a | 509 | |
5c5c2539 | 510 | ftp://ftp.acn.gr/pub/lang/perl |
5df44211 JH |
511 | ftp://ftp.forthnet.gr/pub/languages/perl/CPAN |
512 | ftp://ftp.ntua.gr/pub/lang/perl/ | |
4e860d0a | 513 | |
5df44211 | 514 | =item Hungary |
4e860d0a | 515 | |
5df44211 JH |
516 | http://ftp.kfki.hu/packages/perl/CPAN/ |
517 | ftp://ftp.kfki.hu/pub/packages/perl/CPAN/ | |
4e860d0a | 518 | |
5df44211 | 519 | =item Iceland |
4e860d0a | 520 | |
5df44211 JH |
521 | http://ftp.rhnet.is/pub/CPAN/ |
522 | ftp://ftp.rhnet.is/pub/CPAN/ | |
4e860d0a | 523 | |
5df44211 | 524 | =item Ireland |
4e860d0a | 525 | |
5df44211 JH |
526 | http://cpan.indigo.ie/ |
527 | ftp://cpan.indigo.ie/pub/CPAN/ | |
5c5c2539 JH |
528 | http://ftp.heanet.ie/mirrors/ftp.perl.org/pub/CPAN |
529 | ftp://ftp.heanet.ie/mirrors/ftp.perl.org/pub/CPAN | |
5df44211 JH |
530 | http://sunsite.compapp.dcu.ie/pub/perl/ |
531 | ftp://sunsite.compapp.dcu.ie/pub/perl/ | |
4e860d0a | 532 | |
5df44211 | 533 | =item Italy |
4e860d0a | 534 | |
5df44211 JH |
535 | http://cpan.nettuno.it/ |
536 | http://gusp.dyndns.org/CPAN/ | |
537 | ftp://gusp.dyndns.org/pub/CPAN | |
538 | http://softcity.iol.it/cpan | |
539 | ftp://softcity.iol.it/pub/cpan | |
540 | ftp://ftp.unina.it/pub/Other/CPAN/CPAN/ | |
541 | ftp://ftp.unipi.it/pub/mirror/perl/CPAN/ | |
542 | ftp://cis.uniRoma2.it/CPAN/ | |
543 | ftp://ftp.edisontel.it/pub/CPAN_Mirror/ | |
5c5c2539 | 544 | http://cpan.flashnet.it/ |
5df44211 | 545 | ftp://ftp.flashnet.it/pub/CPAN/ |
4e860d0a | 546 | |
5df44211 | 547 | =item Latvia |
4e860d0a | 548 | |
5df44211 | 549 | http://kvin.lv/pub/CPAN/ |
4e860d0a | 550 | |
5df44211 | 551 | =item Lithuania |
4e860d0a | 552 | |
5df44211 | 553 | ftp://ftp.unix.lt/pub/CPAN/ |
4e860d0a | 554 | |
5df44211 | 555 | =item Netherlands |
4e860d0a | 556 | |
5df44211 JH |
557 | ftp://download.xs4all.nl/pub/mirror/CPAN/ |
558 | ftp://ftp.nl.uu.net/pub/CPAN/ | |
559 | ftp://ftp.nluug.nl/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/ | |
560 | http://cpan.cybercomm.nl/ | |
561 | ftp://mirror.cybercomm.nl/pub/CPAN | |
5c5c2539 | 562 | ftp://mirror.vuurwerk.nl/pub/CPAN/ |
5df44211 JH |
563 | ftp://ftp.cpan.nl/pub/CPAN/ |
564 | http://ftp.easynet.nl/mirror/CPAN | |
565 | ftp://ftp.easynet.nl/mirror/CPAN | |
566 | http://archive.cs.uu.nl/mirror/CPAN/ | |
567 | ftp://ftp.cs.uu.nl/mirror/CPAN/ | |
4e860d0a | 568 | |
5df44211 JH |
569 | =item Norway |
570 | ||
571 | ftp://ftp.uninett.no/pub/languages/perl/CPAN | |
572 | ftp://ftp.uit.no/pub/languages/perl/cpan/ | |
573 | ||
574 | =item Poland | |
575 | ||
2e75584a | 576 | ftp://ftp.mega.net.pl/CPAN |
5df44211 JH |
577 | ftp://ftp.man.torun.pl/pub/doc/CPAN/ |
578 | ftp://sunsite.icm.edu.pl/pub/CPAN/ | |
579 | ||
580 | =item Portugal | |
581 | ||
582 | ftp://ftp.ua.pt/pub/CPAN/ | |
583 | ftp://perl.di.uminho.pt/pub/CPAN/ | |
584 | http://cpan.dei.uc.pt/ | |
585 | ftp://ftp.dei.uc.pt/pub/CPAN | |
5c5c2539 JH |
586 | ftp://ftp.nfsi.pt/pub/CPAN |
587 | http://ftp.linux.pt/pub/mirrors/CPAN | |
588 | ftp://ftp.linux.pt/pub/mirrors/CPAN | |
5df44211 JH |
589 | http://cpan.ip.pt/ |
590 | ftp://cpan.ip.pt/pub/cpan/ | |
5c5c2539 JH |
591 | http://cpan.telepac.pt/ |
592 | ftp://ftp.telepac.pt/pub/cpan/ | |
4e860d0a | 593 | |
5df44211 | 594 | =item Romania |
4e860d0a | 595 | |
5c5c2539 | 596 | ftp://ftp.bio-net.ro/pub/CPAN |
5df44211 | 597 | ftp://ftp.kappa.ro/pub/mirrors/ftp.perl.org/pub/CPAN/ |
7a142657 | 598 | ftp://ftp.lug.ro/CPAN |
5c5c2539 | 599 | ftp://ftp.roedu.net/pub/CPAN/ |
5df44211 | 600 | ftp://ftp.dntis.ro/pub/cpan/ |
5c5c2539 JH |
601 | ftp://ftp.iasi.roedu.net/pub/mirrors/ftp.cpan.org/ |
602 | http://cpan.ambra.ro/ | |
603 | ftp://ftp.ambra.ro/pub/CPAN | |
5df44211 JH |
604 | ftp://ftp.dnttm.ro/pub/CPAN/ |
605 | ftp://ftp.lasting.ro/pub/CPAN | |
606 | ftp://ftp.timisoara.roedu.net/mirrors/CPAN/ | |
4e860d0a | 607 | |
5df44211 | 608 | =item Russia |
4e860d0a | 609 | |
5df44211 JH |
610 | ftp://ftp.chg.ru/pub/lang/perl/CPAN/ |
611 | http://cpan.rinet.ru/ | |
612 | ftp://cpan.rinet.ru/pub/mirror/CPAN/ | |
613 | ftp://ftp.aha.ru/pub/CPAN/ | |
7a142657 | 614 | ftp://ftp.corbina.ru/pub/CPAN/ |
5df44211 JH |
615 | http://cpan.sai.msu.ru/ |
616 | ftp://ftp.sai.msu.su/pub/lang/perl/CPAN/ | |
4e860d0a | 617 | |
5df44211 | 618 | =item Slovakia |
4e860d0a | 619 | |
5df44211 | 620 | ftp://ftp.cvt.stuba.sk/pub/CPAN/ |
4e860d0a | 621 | |
5df44211 | 622 | =item Slovenia |
4e860d0a | 623 | |
5df44211 | 624 | ftp://ftp.arnes.si/software/perl/CPAN/ |
4e860d0a | 625 | |
5df44211 | 626 | =item Spain |
4e860d0a | 627 | |
5df44211 JH |
628 | http://cpan.imasd.elmundo.es/ |
629 | ftp://ftp.rediris.es/mirror/CPAN/ | |
2e75584a | 630 | ftp://ftp.ri.telefonica-data.net/CPAN |
5df44211 | 631 | ftp://ftp.etse.urv.es/pub/perl/ |
4e860d0a | 632 | |
5df44211 | 633 | =item Sweden |
4e860d0a | 634 | |
5df44211 JH |
635 | http://ftp.du.se/CPAN/ |
636 | ftp://ftp.du.se/pub/CPAN/ | |
5c5c2539 | 637 | http://mirror.dataphone.se/CPAN |
5df44211 JH |
638 | ftp://mirror.dataphone.se/pub/CPAN |
639 | ftp://ftp.sunet.se/pub/lang/perl/CPAN/ | |
4e860d0a | 640 | |
5df44211 | 641 | =item Switzerland |
4e860d0a | 642 | |
7a142657 JH |
643 | http://cpan.mirror.solnet.ch/ |
644 | ftp://ftp.solnet.ch/mirror/CPAN/ | |
5df44211 JH |
645 | ftp://ftp.danyk.ch/CPAN/ |
646 | ftp://sunsite.cnlab-switch.ch/mirror/CPAN/ | |
4e860d0a | 647 | |
5df44211 | 648 | =item Turkey |
4e860d0a | 649 | |
5df44211 JH |
650 | http://ftp.ulak.net.tr/perl/CPAN/ |
651 | ftp://ftp.ulak.net.tr/perl/CPAN | |
652 | ftp://sunsite.bilkent.edu.tr/pub/languages/CPAN/ | |
c165c82a | 653 | |
5df44211 | 654 | =item Ukraine |
c165c82a | 655 | |
5df44211 JH |
656 | http://cpan.org.ua/ |
657 | ftp://cpan.org.ua/ | |
658 | ftp://ftp.perl.org.ua/pub/CPAN/ | |
5c5c2539 JH |
659 | http://no-more.kiev.ua/CPAN/ |
660 | ftp://no-more.kiev.ua/pub/CPAN/ | |
c165c82a | 661 | |
5df44211 | 662 | =item United Kingdom |
d4858812 | 663 | |
5df44211 JH |
664 | http://www.mirror.ac.uk/sites/ftp.funet.fi/pub/languages/perl/CPAN |
665 | ftp://ftp.mirror.ac.uk/sites/ftp.funet.fi/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/ | |
666 | http://cpan.teleglobe.net/ | |
667 | ftp://cpan.teleglobe.net/pub/CPAN | |
5c5c2539 JH |
668 | http://cpan.mirror.anlx.net/ |
669 | ftp://ftp.mirror.anlx.net/CPAN/ | |
7a142657 JH |
670 | http://cpan.etla.org/ |
671 | ftp://cpan.etla.org/pub/CPAN | |
5df44211 JH |
672 | ftp://ftp.demon.co.uk/pub/CPAN/ |
673 | http://cpan.m.flirble.org/ | |
674 | ftp://ftp.flirble.org/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/ | |
675 | ftp://ftp.plig.org/pub/CPAN/ | |
5c5c2539 | 676 | http://cpan.hambule.co.uk/ |
5df44211 JH |
677 | http://cpan.mirrors.clockerz.net/ |
678 | ftp://ftp.clockerz.net/pub/CPAN/ | |
679 | ftp://usit.shef.ac.uk/pub/packages/CPAN/ | |
d4858812 | 680 | |
4e860d0a JH |
681 | =back |
682 | ||
683 | =head2 North America | |
684 | ||
685 | =over 4 | |
686 | ||
5c5c2539 JH |
687 | =item Canada |
688 | ||
7a142657 | 689 | =over 8 |
5c5c2539 | 690 | |
5df44211 | 691 | =item Alberta |
4e860d0a | 692 | |
5c5c2539 JH |
693 | http://cpan.sunsite.ualberta.ca/ |
694 | ftp://cpan.sunsite.ualberta.ca/pub/CPAN/ | |
4e860d0a | 695 | |
5df44211 | 696 | =item Manitoba |
4e860d0a | 697 | |
5df44211 JH |
698 | http://theoryx5.uwinnipeg.ca/pub/CPAN/ |
699 | ftp://theoryx5.uwinnipeg.ca/pub/CPAN/ | |
4e860d0a | 700 | |
5df44211 | 701 | =item Nova Scotia |
4e860d0a | 702 | |
5df44211 | 703 | ftp://cpan.chebucto.ns.ca/pub/CPAN/ |
4e860d0a | 704 | |
5df44211 | 705 | =item Ontario |
4e860d0a | 706 | |
5c5c2539 | 707 | ftp://ftp.nrc.ca/pub/CPAN/ |
c165c82a | 708 | |
7a142657 JH |
709 | =back |
710 | ||
5df44211 | 711 | =item Mexico |
c165c82a | 712 | |
5df44211 JH |
713 | http://cpan.azc.uam.mx |
714 | ftp://cpan.azc.uam.mx/mirrors/CPAN | |
7a142657 JH |
715 | http://www.cpan.unam.mx/ |
716 | ftp://ftp.unam.mx/pub/CPAN | |
5df44211 JH |
717 | http://www.msg.com.mx/CPAN/ |
718 | ftp://ftp.msg.com.mx/pub/CPAN/ | |
c165c82a | 719 | |
5c5c2539 | 720 | =item United States |
d4858812 | 721 | |
7a142657 | 722 | =over 8 |
4e860d0a | 723 | |
5df44211 | 724 | =item Alabama |
4e860d0a | 725 | |
5df44211 JH |
726 | http://mirror.hiwaay.net/CPAN/ |
727 | ftp://mirror.hiwaay.net/CPAN/ | |
4e860d0a | 728 | |
5df44211 | 729 | =item California |
4e860d0a | 730 | |
5df44211 JH |
731 | http://cpan.develooper.com/ |
732 | http://www.cpan.org/ | |
733 | ftp://cpan.valueclick.com/pub/CPAN/ | |
7a142657 JH |
734 | http://www.mednor.net/ftp/pub/mirrors/CPAN/ |
735 | ftp://ftp.mednor.net/pub/mirrors/CPAN/ | |
5df44211 JH |
736 | http://mirrors.gossamer-threads.com/CPAN |
737 | ftp://cpan.nas.nasa.gov/pub/perl/CPAN/ | |
738 | http://mirrors.kernel.org/cpan/ | |
739 | ftp://mirrors.kernel.org/pub/CPAN | |
7a142657 JH |
740 | http://cpan-sj.viaverio.com/ |
741 | ftp://cpan-sj.viaverio.com/pub/CPAN/ | |
5df44211 JH |
742 | http://cpan.digisle.net/ |
743 | ftp://cpan.digisle.net/pub/CPAN | |
744 | http://www.perl.com/CPAN/ | |
7a142657 | 745 | http://www.uberlan.net/CPAN |
4e860d0a | 746 | |
5df44211 | 747 | =item Colorado |
4e860d0a | 748 | |
5df44211 | 749 | ftp://ftp.cs.colorado.edu/pub/perl/CPAN/ |
7a142657 | 750 | http://cpan.four10.com |
4e860d0a | 751 | |
5df44211 | 752 | =item Delaware |
4e860d0a | 753 | |
5df44211 JH |
754 | http://ftp.lug.udel.edu/pub/CPAN |
755 | ftp://ftp.lug.udel.edu/pub/CPAN | |
4e860d0a | 756 | |
5df44211 | 757 | =item District of Columbia |
4e860d0a | 758 | |
5df44211 | 759 | ftp://ftp.dc.aleron.net/pub/CPAN/ |
4e860d0a | 760 | |
5df44211 | 761 | =item Florida |
c165c82a | 762 | |
5df44211 JH |
763 | ftp://ftp.cise.ufl.edu/pub/mirrors/CPAN/ |
764 | http://mirror.csit.fsu.edu/pub/CPAN/ | |
765 | ftp://mirror.csit.fsu.edu/pub/CPAN/ | |
766 | http://cpan.mirrors.nks.net/ | |
c165c82a | 767 | |
5df44211 | 768 | =item Indiana |
4e860d0a | 769 | |
5df44211 JH |
770 | ftp://ftp.uwsg.iu.edu/pub/perl/CPAN/ |
771 | http://cpan.netnitco.net/ | |
772 | ftp://cpan.netnitco.net/pub/mirrors/CPAN/ | |
773 | http://archive.progeny.com/CPAN/ | |
774 | ftp://archive.progeny.com/CPAN/ | |
5c5c2539 JH |
775 | http://fx.saintjoe.edu/pub/CPAN |
776 | ftp://ftp.saintjoe.edu/pub/CPAN | |
5df44211 JH |
777 | http://csociety-ftp.ecn.purdue.edu/pub/CPAN |
778 | ftp://csociety-ftp.ecn.purdue.edu/pub/CPAN | |
4e860d0a | 779 | |
5df44211 | 780 | =item Kentucky |
4e860d0a | 781 | |
5df44211 JH |
782 | http://cpan.uky.edu/ |
783 | ftp://cpan.uky.edu/pub/CPAN/ | |
5c5c2539 JH |
784 | http://slugsite.louisville.edu/cpan |
785 | ftp://slugsite.louisville.edu/CPAN | |
4e860d0a | 786 | |
5df44211 | 787 | =item Massachusetts |
4e860d0a | 788 | |
5c5c2539 JH |
789 | http://mirrors.towardex.com/CPAN |
790 | ftp://mirrors.towardex.com/pub/CPAN | |
5df44211 | 791 | ftp://ftp.ccs.neu.edu/net/mirrors/ftp.funet.fi/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/ |
4e860d0a | 792 | |
5df44211 | 793 | =item Michigan |
4e860d0a | 794 | |
5df44211 | 795 | ftp://cpan.cse.msu.edu/ |
2e75584a JH |
796 | http://cpan.calvin.edu/pub/CPAN |
797 | ftp://cpan.calvin.edu/pub/CPAN | |
4e860d0a | 798 | |
5c5c2539 JH |
799 | =item Nevada |
800 | ||
801 | http://www.oss.redundant.com/pub/CPAN | |
802 | ftp://www.oss.redundant.com/pub/CPAN | |
803 | ||
5df44211 | 804 | =item New Jersey |
4e860d0a | 805 | |
5c5c2539 | 806 | http://ftp.cpanel.net/pub/CPAN/ |
5df44211 JH |
807 | ftp://ftp.cpanel.net/pub/CPAN/ |
808 | http://cpan.teleglobe.net/ | |
809 | ftp://cpan.teleglobe.net/pub/CPAN | |
4e860d0a | 810 | |
5df44211 | 811 | =item New York |
4e860d0a | 812 | |
5df44211 | 813 | http://cpan.belfry.net/ |
5c5c2539 JH |
814 | http://cpan.erlbaum.net/ |
815 | ftp://cpan.erlbaum.net/ | |
5df44211 JH |
816 | http://cpan.thepirtgroup.com/ |
817 | ftp://cpan.thepirtgroup.com/ | |
818 | ftp://ftp.stealth.net/pub/CPAN/ | |
819 | http://www.rge.com/pub/languages/perl/ | |
820 | ftp://ftp.rge.com/pub/languages/perl/ | |
4e860d0a | 821 | |
5df44211 | 822 | =item North Carolina |
4e860d0a | 823 | |
7a142657 JH |
824 | http://www.ibiblio.org/pub/languages/perl/CPAN |
825 | ftp://ftp.ibiblio.org/pub/languages/perl/CPAN | |
5df44211 | 826 | ftp://ftp.duke.edu/pub/perl/ |
5c5c2539 | 827 | ftp://ftp.ncsu.edu/pub/mirror/CPAN/ |
4e860d0a | 828 | |
5df44211 | 829 | =item Oklahoma |
4e860d0a | 830 | |
5df44211 | 831 | ftp://ftp.ou.edu/mirrors/CPAN/ |
4e860d0a | 832 | |
5df44211 | 833 | =item Oregon |
4e860d0a | 834 | |
5df44211 | 835 | ftp://ftp.orst.edu/pub/CPAN |
4e860d0a | 836 | |
5df44211 | 837 | =item Pennsylvania |
4e860d0a | 838 | |
5df44211 JH |
839 | http://ftp.epix.net/CPAN/ |
840 | ftp://ftp.epix.net/pub/languages/perl/ | |
841 | http://mirrors.phenominet.com/pub/CPAN/ | |
842 | ftp://mirrors.phenominet.com/pub/CPAN/ | |
843 | http://cpan.pair.com/ | |
844 | ftp://cpan.pair.com/pub/CPAN/ | |
845 | ftp://carroll.cac.psu.edu/pub/CPAN/ | |
4e860d0a | 846 | |
5df44211 | 847 | =item Tennessee |
4e860d0a | 848 | |
5df44211 | 849 | ftp://ftp.sunsite.utk.edu/pub/CPAN/ |
4e860d0a | 850 | |
5df44211 | 851 | =item Texas |
4e860d0a | 852 | |
5df44211 | 853 | http://ftp.sedl.org/pub/mirrors/CPAN/ |
5c5c2539 | 854 | http://www.binarycode.org/cpan |
5df44211 | 855 | ftp://mirror.telentente.com/pub/CPAN |
5c5c2539 | 856 | http://mirrors.theonlinerecordstore.com/CPAN |
4e860d0a | 857 | |
5df44211 | 858 | =item Utah |
4e860d0a | 859 | |
5df44211 | 860 | ftp://mirror.xmission.com/CPAN/ |
4e860d0a | 861 | |
5df44211 | 862 | =item Virginia |
4e860d0a | 863 | |
7a142657 JH |
864 | http://cpan-du.viaverio.com/ |
865 | ftp://cpan-du.viaverio.com/pub/CPAN/ | |
5df44211 JH |
866 | http://mirrors.rcn.net/pub/lang/CPAN/ |
867 | ftp://mirrors.rcn.net/pub/lang/CPAN/ | |
868 | http://perl.secsup.org/ | |
869 | ftp://perl.secsup.org/pub/perl/ | |
5c5c2539 | 870 | http://noc.cvaix.com/mirrors/CPAN/ |
4e860d0a | 871 | |
5c5c2539 | 872 | =item Washington |
4e860d0a | 873 | |
5df44211 JH |
874 | http://cpan.llarian.net/ |
875 | ftp://cpan.llarian.net/pub/CPAN/ | |
876 | http://cpan.mirrorcentral.com/ | |
877 | ftp://ftp.mirrorcentral.com/pub/CPAN/ | |
878 | ftp://ftp-mirror.internap.com/pub/CPAN/ | |
d4858812 | 879 | |
5df44211 | 880 | =item Wisconsin |
d4858812 | 881 | |
5df44211 JH |
882 | http://mirror.sit.wisc.edu/pub/CPAN/ |
883 | ftp://mirror.sit.wisc.edu/pub/CPAN/ | |
7a142657 JH |
884 | http://mirror.aphix.com/CPAN |
885 | ftp://mirror.aphix.com/pub/CPAN | |
4e860d0a JH |
886 | |
887 | =back | |
888 | ||
5c5c2539 JH |
889 | =back |
890 | ||
4e860d0a JH |
891 | =head2 Oceania |
892 | ||
893 | =over 4 | |
894 | ||
5df44211 | 895 | =item Australia |
4e860d0a | 896 | |
5df44211 JH |
897 | http://ftp.planetmirror.com/pub/CPAN/ |
898 | ftp://ftp.planetmirror.com/pub/CPAN/ | |
899 | ftp://mirror.aarnet.edu.au/pub/perl/CPAN/ | |
900 | ftp://cpan.topend.com.au/pub/CPAN/ | |
7a142657 | 901 | http://cpan.mirrors.ilisys.com.au |
4e860d0a | 902 | |
5df44211 | 903 | =item New Zealand |
d4858812 | 904 | |
5df44211 | 905 | ftp://ftp.auckland.ac.nz/pub/perl/CPAN/ |
5c5c2539 JH |
906 | |
907 | =item United States | |
908 | ||
909 | http://aniani.ifa.hawaii.edu/CPAN/ | |
910 | ftp://aniani.ifa.hawaii.edu/CPAN/ | |
4e860d0a JH |
911 | |
912 | =back | |
913 | ||
914 | =head2 South America | |
915 | ||
916 | =over 4 | |
917 | ||
5df44211 | 918 | =item Argentina |
4e860d0a | 919 | |
5df44211 | 920 | ftp://mirrors.bannerlandia.com.ar/mirrors/CPAN/ |
5c5c2539 JH |
921 | http://www.linux.org.ar/mirrors/cpan |
922 | ftp://ftp.linux.org.ar/mirrors/cpan | |
4e860d0a | 923 | |
5df44211 | 924 | =item Brazil |
4e860d0a | 925 | |
5df44211 JH |
926 | ftp://cpan.pop-mg.com.br/pub/CPAN/ |
927 | ftp://ftp.matrix.com.br/pub/perl/CPAN/ | |
5c5c2539 JH |
928 | http://cpan.hostsul.com.br/ |
929 | ftp://cpan.hostsul.com.br/ | |
4e860d0a | 930 | |
5df44211 | 931 | =item Chile |
4e860d0a | 932 | |
5df44211 JH |
933 | http://cpan.netglobalis.net/ |
934 | ftp://cpan.netglobalis.net/pub/CPAN/ | |
2e1d04bc JH |
935 | |
936 | =back | |
937 | ||
5df44211 JH |
938 | =head2 RSYNC Mirrors |
939 | ||
7a142657 JH |
940 | www.linux.org.ar::cpan |
941 | theoryx5.uwinnipeg.ca::CPAN | |
942 | ftp.shellhung.org::CPAN | |
943 | rsync.nic.funet.fi::CPAN | |
944 | ftp.u-paris10.fr::CPAN | |
945 | mir1.ovh.net::CPAN | |
946 | rsync://ftp.crihan.fr::CPAN | |
947 | ftp.gwdg.de::FTP/languages/perl/CPAN/ | |
948 | ftp.leo.org::CPAN | |
949 | ftp.cbn.net.id::CPAN | |
950 | rsync://ftp.heanet.ie/mirrors/ftp.perl.org/pub/CPAN | |
951 | ftp.iglu.org.il::CPAN | |
952 | gusp.dyndns.org::cpan | |
953 | ftp.kddlabs.co.jp::cpan | |
954 | ftp.ayamura.org::pub/CPAN/ | |
955 | mirror.leafbug.org::CPAN | |
956 | rsync.en.com.sg::CPAN | |
957 | mirror.averse.net::cpan | |
958 | rsync.oss.eznetsols.org | |
959 | ftp.kr.FreeBSD.org::CPAN | |
960 | ftp.solnet.ch::CPAN | |
961 | cpan.cdpa.nsysu.edu.tw::CPAN | |
962 | cpan.teleglobe.net::CPAN | |
963 | rsync://rsync.mirror.anlx.net::CPAN | |
964 | ftp.sedl.org::cpan | |
965 | ibiblio.org::CPAN | |
966 | cpan-du.viaverio.com::CPAN | |
967 | aniani.ifa.hawaii.edu::CPAN | |
968 | archive.progeny.com::CPAN | |
969 | rsync://slugsite.louisville.edu::CPAN | |
970 | mirror.aphix.com::CPAN | |
971 | cpan.teleglobe.net::CPAN | |
972 | ftp.lug.udel.edu::cpan | |
973 | mirrors.kernel.org::mirrors/CPAN | |
974 | mirrors.phenominet.com::CPAN | |
975 | cpan.pair.com::CPAN | |
976 | cpan-sj.viaverio.com::CPAN | |
977 | mirror.csit.fsu.edu::CPAN | |
978 | csociety-ftp.ecn.purdue.edu::CPAN | |
5df44211 | 979 | |
2e1d04bc | 980 | For an up-to-date listing of CPAN sites, |
4e860d0a | 981 | see http://www.cpan.org/SITES or ftp://www.cpan.org/SITES . |
2e1d04bc JH |
982 | |
983 | =head1 Modules: Creation, Use, and Abuse | |
984 | ||
985 | (The following section is borrowed directly from Tim Bunce's modules | |
986 | file, available at your nearest CPAN site.) | |
987 | ||
988 | Perl implements a class using a package, but the presence of a | |
989 | package doesn't imply the presence of a class. A package is just a | |
990 | namespace. A class is a package that provides subroutines that can be | |
991 | used as methods. A method is just a subroutine that expects, as its | |
992 | first argument, either the name of a package (for "static" methods), | |
993 | or a reference to something (for "virtual" methods). | |
994 | ||
995 | A module is a file that (by convention) provides a class of the same | |
996 | name (sans the .pm), plus an import method in that class that can be | |
997 | called to fetch exported symbols. This module may implement some of | |
998 | its methods by loading dynamic C or C++ objects, but that should be | |
999 | totally transparent to the user of the module. Likewise, the module | |
1000 | might set up an AUTOLOAD function to slurp in subroutine definitions on | |
1001 | demand, but this is also transparent. Only the F<.pm> file is required to | |
1002 | exist. See L<perlsub>, L<perltoot>, and L<AutoLoader> for details about | |
1003 | the AUTOLOAD mechanism. | |
1004 | ||
1005 | =head2 Guidelines for Module Creation | |
1006 | ||
1007 | =over 4 | |
1008 | ||
ac634a9a JH |
1009 | =item * |
1010 | ||
1011 | Do similar modules already exist in some form? | |
2e1d04bc JH |
1012 | |
1013 | If so, please try to reuse the existing modules either in whole or | |
1014 | by inheriting useful features into a new class. If this is not | |
1015 | practical try to get together with the module authors to work on | |
1016 | extending or enhancing the functionality of the existing modules. | |
1017 | A perfect example is the plethora of packages in perl4 for dealing | |
1018 | with command line options. | |
1019 | ||
1020 | If you are writing a module to expand an already existing set of | |
1021 | modules, please coordinate with the author of the package. It | |
1022 | helps if you follow the same naming scheme and module interaction | |
1023 | scheme as the original author. | |
1024 | ||
ac634a9a JH |
1025 | =item * |
1026 | ||
1027 | Try to design the new module to be easy to extend and reuse. | |
2e1d04bc JH |
1028 | |
1029 | Try to C<use warnings;> (or C<use warnings qw(...);>). | |
1030 | Remember that you can add C<no warnings qw(...);> to individual blocks | |
1031 | of code that need less warnings. | |
1032 | ||
1033 | Use blessed references. Use the two argument form of bless to bless | |
1034 | into the class name given as the first parameter of the constructor, | |
1035 | e.g.,: | |
1036 | ||
1037 | sub new { | |
1038 | my $class = shift; | |
1039 | return bless {}, $class; | |
1040 | } | |
1041 | ||
1042 | or even this if you'd like it to be used as either a static | |
1043 | or a virtual method. | |
1044 | ||
1045 | sub new { | |
1046 | my $self = shift; | |
1047 | my $class = ref($self) || $self; | |
1048 | return bless {}, $class; | |
1049 | } | |
1050 | ||
1051 | Pass arrays as references so more parameters can be added later | |
1052 | (it's also faster). Convert functions into methods where | |
1053 | appropriate. Split large methods into smaller more flexible ones. | |
1054 | Inherit methods from other modules if appropriate. | |
1055 | ||
1056 | Avoid class name tests like: C<die "Invalid" unless ref $ref eq 'FOO'>. | |
1057 | Generally you can delete the C<eq 'FOO'> part with no harm at all. | |
1058 | Let the objects look after themselves! Generally, avoid hard-wired | |
1059 | class names as far as possible. | |
1060 | ||
1061 | Avoid C<< $r->Class::func() >> where using C<@ISA=qw(... Class ...)> and | |
1062 | C<< $r->func() >> would work (see L<perlbot> for more details). | |
1063 | ||
1064 | Use autosplit so little used or newly added functions won't be a | |
1065 | burden to programs that don't use them. Add test functions to | |
1066 | the module after __END__ either using AutoSplit or by saying: | |
1067 | ||
1068 | eval join('',<main::DATA>) || die $@ unless caller(); | |
1069 | ||
1070 | Does your module pass the 'empty subclass' test? If you say | |
1071 | C<@SUBCLASS::ISA = qw(YOURCLASS);> your applications should be able | |
1072 | to use SUBCLASS in exactly the same way as YOURCLASS. For example, | |
1073 | does your application still work if you change: C<$obj = new YOURCLASS;> | |
1074 | into: C<$obj = new SUBCLASS;> ? | |
1075 | ||
1076 | Avoid keeping any state information in your packages. It makes it | |
1077 | difficult for multiple other packages to use yours. Keep state | |
1078 | information in objects. | |
1079 | ||
1080 | Always use B<-w>. | |
1081 | ||
1082 | Try to C<use strict;> (or C<use strict qw(...);>). | |
1083 | Remember that you can add C<no strict qw(...);> to individual blocks | |
1084 | of code that need less strictness. | |
1085 | ||
1086 | Always use B<-w>. | |
1087 | ||
1088 | Follow the guidelines in the perlstyle(1) manual. | |
1089 | ||
1090 | Always use B<-w>. | |
1091 | ||
ac634a9a JH |
1092 | =item * |
1093 | ||
1094 | Some simple style guidelines | |
2e1d04bc JH |
1095 | |
1096 | The perlstyle manual supplied with Perl has many helpful points. | |
1097 | ||
1098 | Coding style is a matter of personal taste. Many people evolve their | |
1099 | style over several years as they learn what helps them write and | |
1100 | maintain good code. Here's one set of assorted suggestions that | |
1101 | seem to be widely used by experienced developers: | |
1102 | ||
1103 | Use underscores to separate words. It is generally easier to read | |
1104 | $var_names_like_this than $VarNamesLikeThis, especially for | |
1105 | non-native speakers of English. It's also a simple rule that works | |
1106 | consistently with VAR_NAMES_LIKE_THIS. | |
1107 | ||
1108 | Package/Module names are an exception to this rule. Perl informally | |
1109 | reserves lowercase module names for 'pragma' modules like integer | |
1110 | and strict. Other modules normally begin with a capital letter and | |
1111 | use mixed case with no underscores (need to be short and portable). | |
1112 | ||
1113 | You may find it helpful to use letter case to indicate the scope | |
1114 | or nature of a variable. For example: | |
1115 | ||
1116 | $ALL_CAPS_HERE constants only (beware clashes with Perl vars) | |
1117 | $Some_Caps_Here package-wide global/static | |
1118 | $no_caps_here function scope my() or local() variables | |
1119 | ||
1120 | Function and method names seem to work best as all lowercase. | |
1121 | e.g., C<< $obj->as_string() >>. | |
1122 | ||
1123 | You can use a leading underscore to indicate that a variable or | |
1124 | function should not be used outside the package that defined it. | |
1125 | ||
ac634a9a JH |
1126 | =item * |
1127 | ||
1128 | Select what to export. | |
2e1d04bc JH |
1129 | |
1130 | Do NOT export method names! | |
1131 | ||
1132 | Do NOT export anything else by default without a good reason! | |
1133 | ||
1134 | Exports pollute the namespace of the module user. If you must | |
1135 | export try to use @EXPORT_OK in preference to @EXPORT and avoid | |
1136 | short or common names to reduce the risk of name clashes. | |
1137 | ||
1138 | Generally anything not exported is still accessible from outside the | |
1139 | module using the ModuleName::item_name (or C<< $blessed_ref->method >>) | |
1140 | syntax. By convention you can use a leading underscore on names to | |
1141 | indicate informally that they are 'internal' and not for public use. | |
1142 | ||
1143 | (It is actually possible to get private functions by saying: | |
1144 | C<my $subref = sub { ... }; &$subref;>. But there's no way to call that | |
1145 | directly as a method, because a method must have a name in the symbol | |
1146 | table.) | |
1147 | ||
1148 | As a general rule, if the module is trying to be object oriented | |
1149 | then export nothing. If it's just a collection of functions then | |
1150 | @EXPORT_OK anything but use @EXPORT with caution. | |
1151 | ||
ac634a9a JH |
1152 | =item * |
1153 | ||
1154 | Select a name for the module. | |
2e1d04bc JH |
1155 | |
1156 | This name should be as descriptive, accurate, and complete as | |
1157 | possible. Avoid any risk of ambiguity. Always try to use two or | |
1158 | more whole words. Generally the name should reflect what is special | |
1159 | about what the module does rather than how it does it. Please use | |
1160 | nested module names to group informally or categorize a module. | |
1161 | There should be a very good reason for a module not to have a nested name. | |
1162 | Module names should begin with a capital letter. | |
1163 | ||
1164 | Having 57 modules all called Sort will not make life easy for anyone | |
1165 | (though having 23 called Sort::Quick is only marginally better :-). | |
1166 | Imagine someone trying to install your module alongside many others. | |
1167 | If in any doubt ask for suggestions in comp.lang.perl.misc. | |
1168 | ||
1169 | If you are developing a suite of related modules/classes it's good | |
1170 | practice to use nested classes with a common prefix as this will | |
1171 | avoid namespace clashes. For example: Xyz::Control, Xyz::View, | |
1172 | Xyz::Model etc. Use the modules in this list as a naming guide. | |
1173 | ||
1174 | If adding a new module to a set, follow the original author's | |
1175 | standards for naming modules and the interface to methods in | |
1176 | those modules. | |
1177 | ||
4844a3be SP |
1178 | If developing modules for private internal or project specific use, |
1179 | that will never be released to the public, then you should ensure | |
1180 | that their names will not clash with any future public module. You | |
1181 | can do this either by using the reserved Local::* category or by | |
1182 | using a category name that includes an underscore like Foo_Corp::*. | |
1183 | ||
2e1d04bc JH |
1184 | To be portable each component of a module name should be limited to |
1185 | 11 characters. If it might be used on MS-DOS then try to ensure each is | |
1186 | unique in the first 8 characters. Nested modules make this easier. | |
1187 | ||
ac634a9a JH |
1188 | =item * |
1189 | ||
1190 | Have you got it right? | |
2e1d04bc JH |
1191 | |
1192 | How do you know that you've made the right decisions? Have you | |
1193 | picked an interface design that will cause problems later? Have | |
1194 | you picked the most appropriate name? Do you have any questions? | |
1195 | ||
1196 | The best way to know for sure, and pick up many helpful suggestions, | |
1197 | is to ask someone who knows. Comp.lang.perl.misc is read by just about | |
1198 | all the people who develop modules and it's the best place to ask. | |
1199 | ||
1200 | All you need to do is post a short summary of the module, its | |
1201 | purpose and interfaces. A few lines on each of the main methods is | |
1202 | probably enough. (If you post the whole module it might be ignored | |
1203 | by busy people - generally the very people you want to read it!) | |
1204 | ||
1205 | Don't worry about posting if you can't say when the module will be | |
1206 | ready - just say so in the message. It might be worth inviting | |
1207 | others to help you, they may be able to complete it for you! | |
1208 | ||
ac634a9a JH |
1209 | =item * |
1210 | ||
1211 | README and other Additional Files. | |
2e1d04bc JH |
1212 | |
1213 | It's well known that software developers usually fully document the | |
1214 | software they write. If, however, the world is in urgent need of | |
1215 | your software and there is not enough time to write the full | |
1216 | documentation please at least provide a README file containing: | |
1217 | ||
1218 | =over 10 | |
1219 | ||
1220 | =item * | |
ac634a9a | 1221 | |
2e1d04bc JH |
1222 | A description of the module/package/extension etc. |
1223 | ||
1224 | =item * | |
ac634a9a | 1225 | |
2e1d04bc JH |
1226 | A copyright notice - see below. |
1227 | ||
1228 | =item * | |
ac634a9a | 1229 | |
2e1d04bc JH |
1230 | Prerequisites - what else you may need to have. |
1231 | ||
1232 | =item * | |
ac634a9a | 1233 | |
2e1d04bc JH |
1234 | How to build it - possible changes to Makefile.PL etc. |
1235 | ||
1236 | =item * | |
ac634a9a | 1237 | |
2e1d04bc JH |
1238 | How to install it. |
1239 | ||
1240 | =item * | |
ac634a9a | 1241 | |
2e1d04bc JH |
1242 | Recent changes in this release, especially incompatibilities |
1243 | ||
1244 | =item * | |
ac634a9a | 1245 | |
2e1d04bc JH |
1246 | Changes / enhancements you plan to make in the future. |
1247 | ||
1248 | =back | |
1249 | ||
1250 | If the README file seems to be getting too large you may wish to | |
1251 | split out some of the sections into separate files: INSTALL, | |
1252 | Copying, ToDo etc. | |
1253 | ||
1254 | =over 4 | |
1255 | ||
c165c82a | 1256 | =item * |
2e1d04bc | 1257 | |
c165c82a | 1258 | Adding a Copyright Notice. |
ac634a9a | 1259 | |
2e1d04bc JH |
1260 | How you choose to license your work is a personal decision. |
1261 | The general mechanism is to assert your Copyright and then make | |
1262 | a declaration of how others may copy/use/modify your work. | |
1263 | ||
2a551100 JH |
1264 | Perl, for example, is supplied with two types of licence: The GNU GPL |
1265 | and The Artistic Licence (see the files README, Copying, and Artistic, | |
1266 | or L<perlgpl> and L<perlartistic>). Larry has good reasons for NOT | |
1267 | just using the GNU GPL. | |
2e1d04bc JH |
1268 | |
1269 | My personal recommendation, out of respect for Larry, Perl, and the | |
1270 | Perl community at large is to state something simply like: | |
1271 | ||
1272 | Copyright (c) 1995 Your Name. All rights reserved. | |
1273 | This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or | |
1274 | modify it under the same terms as Perl itself. | |
1275 | ||
1276 | This statement should at least appear in the README file. You may | |
1277 | also wish to include it in a Copying file and your source files. | |
1278 | Remember to include the other words in addition to the Copyright. | |
1279 | ||
ac634a9a JH |
1280 | =item * |
1281 | ||
1282 | Give the module a version/issue/release number. | |
2e1d04bc JH |
1283 | |
1284 | To be fully compatible with the Exporter and MakeMaker modules you | |
1285 | should store your module's version number in a non-my package | |
1286 | variable called $VERSION. This should be a floating point | |
1287 | number with at least two digits after the decimal (i.e., hundredths, | |
1288 | e.g, C<$VERSION = "0.01">). Don't use a "1.3.2" style version. | |
1289 | See L<Exporter> for details. | |
1290 | ||
1291 | It may be handy to add a function or method to retrieve the number. | |
1292 | Use the number in announcements and archive file names when | |
1293 | releasing the module (ModuleName-1.02.tar.Z). | |
1294 | See perldoc ExtUtils::MakeMaker.pm for details. | |
1295 | ||
ac634a9a JH |
1296 | =item * |
1297 | ||
1298 | How to release and distribute a module. | |
2e1d04bc JH |
1299 | |
1300 | It's good idea to post an announcement of the availability of your | |
1301 | module (or the module itself if small) to the comp.lang.perl.announce | |
1302 | Usenet newsgroup. This will at least ensure very wide once-off | |
1303 | distribution. | |
1304 | ||
1305 | If possible, register the module with CPAN. You should | |
1306 | include details of its location in your announcement. | |
1307 | ||
1308 | Some notes about ftp archives: Please use a long descriptive file | |
1309 | name that includes the version number. Most incoming directories | |
1310 | will not be readable/listable, i.e., you won't be able to see your | |
1311 | file after uploading it. Remember to send your email notification | |
1312 | message as soon as possible after uploading else your file may get | |
1313 | deleted automatically. Allow time for the file to be processed | |
1314 | and/or check the file has been processed before announcing its | |
1315 | location. | |
1316 | ||
1317 | FTP Archives for Perl Modules: | |
1318 | ||
1319 | Follow the instructions and links on: | |
1320 | ||
4e860d0a JH |
1321 | http://www.cpan.org/modules/00modlist.long.html |
1322 | http://www.cpan.org/modules/04pause.html | |
2e1d04bc JH |
1323 | |
1324 | or upload to one of these sites: | |
1325 | ||
1326 | https://pause.kbx.de/pause/ | |
1327 | http://pause.perl.org/pause/ | |
1328 | ||
1329 | and notify <modules@perl.org>. | |
1330 | ||
1331 | By using the WWW interface you can ask the Upload Server to mirror | |
1332 | your modules from your ftp or WWW site into your own directory on | |
1333 | CPAN! | |
1334 | ||
1335 | Please remember to send me an updated entry for the Module list! | |
1336 | ||
ac634a9a JH |
1337 | =item * |
1338 | ||
1339 | Take care when changing a released module. | |
2e1d04bc JH |
1340 | |
1341 | Always strive to remain compatible with previous released versions. | |
1342 | Otherwise try to add a mechanism to revert to the | |
1343 | old behavior if people rely on it. Document incompatible changes. | |
1344 | ||
1345 | =back | |
1346 | ||
1347 | =back | |
1348 | ||
1349 | =head2 Guidelines for Converting Perl 4 Library Scripts into Modules | |
1350 | ||
1351 | =over 4 | |
1352 | ||
ac634a9a JH |
1353 | =item * |
1354 | ||
1355 | There is no requirement to convert anything. | |
2e1d04bc JH |
1356 | |
1357 | If it ain't broke, don't fix it! Perl 4 library scripts should | |
1358 | continue to work with no problems. You may need to make some minor | |
1359 | changes (like escaping non-array @'s in double quoted strings) but | |
1360 | there is no need to convert a .pl file into a Module for just that. | |
1361 | ||
ac634a9a JH |
1362 | =item * |
1363 | ||
1364 | Consider the implications. | |
2e1d04bc JH |
1365 | |
1366 | All Perl applications that make use of the script will need to | |
1367 | be changed (slightly) if the script is converted into a module. Is | |
1368 | it worth it unless you plan to make other changes at the same time? | |
1369 | ||
ac634a9a JH |
1370 | =item * |
1371 | ||
1372 | Make the most of the opportunity. | |
2e1d04bc JH |
1373 | |
1374 | If you are going to convert the script to a module you can use the | |
1375 | opportunity to redesign the interface. The guidelines for module | |
1376 | creation above include many of the issues you should consider. | |
1377 | ||
ac634a9a JH |
1378 | =item * |
1379 | ||
1380 | The pl2pm utility will get you started. | |
2e1d04bc JH |
1381 | |
1382 | This utility will read *.pl files (given as parameters) and write | |
1383 | corresponding *.pm files. The pl2pm utilities does the following: | |
1384 | ||
1385 | =over 10 | |
1386 | ||
1387 | =item * | |
ac634a9a | 1388 | |
2e1d04bc JH |
1389 | Adds the standard Module prologue lines |
1390 | ||
1391 | =item * | |
ac634a9a | 1392 | |
2e1d04bc JH |
1393 | Converts package specifiers from ' to :: |
1394 | ||
1395 | =item * | |
ac634a9a | 1396 | |
2e1d04bc JH |
1397 | Converts die(...) to croak(...) |
1398 | ||
1399 | =item * | |
ac634a9a | 1400 | |
2e1d04bc JH |
1401 | Several other minor changes |
1402 | ||
1403 | =back | |
1404 | ||
1405 | Being a mechanical process pl2pm is not bullet proof. The converted | |
1406 | code will need careful checking, especially any package statements. | |
1407 | Don't delete the original .pl file till the new .pm one works! | |
1408 | ||
1409 | =back | |
1410 | ||
1411 | =head2 Guidelines for Reusing Application Code | |
1412 | ||
1413 | =over 4 | |
1414 | ||
ac634a9a JH |
1415 | =item * |
1416 | ||
1417 | Complete applications rarely belong in the Perl Module Library. | |
1418 | ||
1419 | =item * | |
2e1d04bc | 1420 | |
ac634a9a | 1421 | Many applications contain some Perl code that could be reused. |
2e1d04bc JH |
1422 | |
1423 | Help save the world! Share your code in a form that makes it easy | |
1424 | to reuse. | |
1425 | ||
ac634a9a JH |
1426 | =item * |
1427 | ||
1428 | Break-out the reusable code into one or more separate module files. | |
1429 | ||
1430 | =item * | |
1431 | ||
1432 | Take the opportunity to reconsider and redesign the interfaces. | |
2e1d04bc | 1433 | |
ac634a9a | 1434 | =item * |
2e1d04bc | 1435 | |
ac634a9a | 1436 | In some cases the 'application' can then be reduced to a small |
2e1d04bc JH |
1437 | |
1438 | fragment of code built on top of the reusable modules. In these cases | |
1439 | the application could invoked as: | |
1440 | ||
1441 | % perl -e 'use Module::Name; method(@ARGV)' ... | |
1442 | or | |
1443 | % perl -mModule::Name ... (in perl5.002 or higher) | |
1444 | ||
1445 | =back | |
1446 | ||
1447 | =head1 NOTE | |
1448 | ||
1449 | Perl does not enforce private and public parts of its modules as you may | |
1450 | have been used to in other languages like C++, Ada, or Modula-17. Perl | |
1451 | doesn't have an infatuation with enforced privacy. It would prefer | |
1452 | that you stayed out of its living room because you weren't invited, not | |
1453 | because it has a shotgun. | |
1454 | ||
1455 | The module and its user have a contract, part of which is common law, | |
1456 | and part of which is "written". Part of the common law contract is | |
1457 | that a module doesn't pollute any namespace it wasn't asked to. The | |
1458 | written contract for the module (A.K.A. documentation) may make other | |
1459 | provisions. But then you know when you C<use RedefineTheWorld> that | |
1460 | you're redefining the world and willing to take the consequences. | |
1461 | EOF | |
1462 | ||
1463 | close MANIFEST or warn "$0: failed to close MANIFEST (../MANIFEST): $!"; | |
b7da254d | 1464 | close OUT or warn "$0: failed to close OUT (perlmodlib.pod): $!"; |
2e1d04bc | 1465 |