This is a live mirror of the Perl 5 development currently hosted at https://github.com/perl/perl5
don't bother testing if we can flush all handles when fflush(stdin)
[perl5.git] / lib / Term / Cap.pm
CommitLineData
a0d0e21e 1package Term::Cap;
cb1a09d0 2use Carp;
85e6fe83 3
cb1a09d0 4# Last updated: Thu Dec 14 20:02:42 CST 1995 by sanders@bsdi.com
a687059c 5
cb1a09d0
AD
6# TODO:
7# support Berkeley DB termcaps
8# should probably be a .xs module
9# force $FH into callers package?
10# keep $FH in object at Tgetent time?
11
12=head1 NAME
13
14Term::Cap - Perl termcap interface
15
16=head1 SYNOPSIS
17
18 require Term::Cap;
19 $terminal = Tgetent Term::Cap { TERM => undef, OSPEED => $ospeed };
20 $terminal->Trequire(qw/ce ku kd/);
21 $terminal->Tgoto('cm', $col, $row, $FH);
22 $terminal->Tputs('dl', $count, $FH);
23 $terminal->Tpad($string, $count, $FH);
24
25=head1 DESCRIPTION
26
27These are low-level functions to extract and use capabilities from
28a terminal capability (termcap) database.
29
30The B<Tgetent> function extracts the entry of the specified terminal
31type I<TERM> (defaults to the environment variable I<TERM>) from the
32database.
33
34It will look in the environment for a I<TERMCAP> variable. If
35found, and the value does not begin with a slash, and the terminal
36type name is the same as the environment string I<TERM>, the
37I<TERMCAP> string is used instead of reading a termcap file. If
38it does begin with a slash, the string is used as a path name of
39the termcap file to search. If I<TERMCAP> does not begin with a
40slash and name is different from I<TERM>, B<Tgetent> searches the
41files F<$HOME/.termcap>, F</etc/termcap>, and F</usr/share/misc/termcap>,
42in that order, unless the environment variable I<TERMPATH> exists,
43in which case it specifies a list of file pathnames (separated by
44spaces or colons) to be searched B<instead>. Whenever multiple
45files are searched and a tc field occurs in the requested entry,
46the entry it names must be found in the same file or one of the
47succeeding files. If there is a C<:tc=...:> in the I<TERMCAP>
48environment variable string it will continue the search in the
49files as above.
50
51I<OSPEED> is the terminal output bit rate (often mistakenly called
52the baud rate). I<OSPEED> can be specified as either a POSIX
53termios/SYSV termio speeds (where 9600 equals 9600) or an old
54BSD-style speeds (where 13 equals 9600).
55
56B<Tgetent> returns a blessed object reference which the user can
57then use to send the control strings to the terminal using B<Tputs>
58and B<Tgoto>. It calls C<croak> on failure.
59
60B<Tgoto> decodes a cursor addressing string with the given parameters.
61
62The output strings for B<Tputs> are cached for counts of 1 for performance.
63B<Tgoto> and B<Tpad> do not cache. C<$self-E<gt>{_xx}> is the raw termcap
64data and C<$self-E<gt>{xx}> is the cached version.
65
66 print $terminal->Tpad($self->{_xx}, 1);
67
68B<Tgoto>, B<Tputs>, and B<Tpad> return the string and will also
69output the string to $FH if specified.
70
71The extracted termcap entry is available in the object
72as C<$self-E<gt>{TERMCAP}>.
73
74=head1 EXAMPLES
75
76 # Get terminal output speed
77 require POSIX;
78 my $termios = new POSIX::Termios;
79 $termios->getattr;
80 my $ospeed = $termios->getospeed;
81
82 # Old-style ioctl code to get ospeed:
83 # require 'ioctl.pl';
84 # ioctl(TTY,$TIOCGETP,$sgtty);
85 # ($ispeed,$ospeed) = unpack('cc',$sgtty);
86
87 # allocate and initialize a terminal structure
88 $terminal = Tgetent Term::Cap { TERM => undef, OSPEED => $ospeed };
89
90 # require certain capabilities to be available
91 $terminal->Trequire(qw/ce ku kd/);
92
93 # Output Routines, if $FH is undefined these just return the string
94
95 # Tgoto does the % expansion stuff with the given args
96 $terminal->Tgoto('cm', $col, $row, $FH);
97
98 # Tputs doesn't do any % expansion.
99 $terminal->Tputs('dl', $count = 1, $FH);
100
101=cut
102
103# Returns a list of termcap files to check.
104sub termcap_path { ## private
105 my @termcap_path;
106 # $TERMCAP, if it's a filespec
7a2e2cd6 107 push(@termcap_path, $ENV{TERMCAP})
108 if ((exists $ENV{TERMCAP}) &&
39e571d4 109 (($^O eq 'os2' || $^O eq 'MSWin32' || $^O eq 'dos')
fe6f1558
GS
110 ? $ENV{TERMCAP} =~ /^[a-z]:[\\\/]/is
111 : $ENV{TERMCAP} =~ /^\//s));
c07a80fd 112 if ((exists $ENV{TERMPATH}) && ($ENV{TERMPATH})) {
cb1a09d0
AD
113 # Add the users $TERMPATH
114 push(@termcap_path, split(/(:|\s+)/, $ENV{TERMPATH}))
115 }
116 else {
117 # Defaults
118 push(@termcap_path,
119 $ENV{'HOME'} . '/.termcap',
120 '/etc/termcap',
121 '/usr/share/misc/termcap',
122 );
a687059c 123 }
cb1a09d0 124 # return the list of those termcaps that exist
748a9306
LW
125 grep(-f, @termcap_path);
126}
127
cb1a09d0
AD
128sub Tgetent { ## public -- static method
129 my $class = shift;
130 my $self = bless shift, $class;
131 my($term,$cap,$search,$field,$max,$tmp_term,$TERMCAP);
132 local($termpat,$state,$first,$entry); # used inside eval
133 local $_;
134
135 # Compute PADDING factor from OSPEED (to be used by Tpad)
136 if (! $self->{OSPEED}) {
137 carp "OSPEED was not set, defaulting to 9600";
138 $self->{OSPEED} = 9600;
139 }
140 if ($self->{OSPEED} < 16) {
141 # delays for old style speeds
142 my @pad = (0,200,133.3,90.9,74.3,66.7,50,33.3,16.7,8.3,5.5,4.1,2,1,.5,.2);
143 $self->{PADDING} = $pad[$self->{OSPEED}];
144 }
145 else {
146 $self->{PADDING} = 10000 / $self->{OSPEED};
147 }
148
149 $self->{TERM} = ($self->{TERM} || $ENV{TERM} || croak "TERM not set");
150 $term = $self->{TERM}; # $term is the term type we are looking for
151
152 # $tmp_term is always the next term (possibly :tc=...:) we are looking for
153 $tmp_term = $self->{TERM};
154 # protect any pattern metacharacters in $tmp_term
155 $termpat = $tmp_term; $termpat =~ s/(\W)/\\$1/g;
156
c07a80fd 157 my $foo = (exists $ENV{TERMCAP} ? $ENV{TERMCAP} : '');
cb1a09d0
AD
158
159 # $entry is the extracted termcap entry
fe6f1558 160 if (($foo !~ m:^/:s) && ($foo =~ m/(^|\|)${termpat}[:|]/s)) {
cb1a09d0
AD
161 $entry = $foo;
162 }
163
164 my @termcap_path = termcap_path;
165 croak "Can't find a valid termcap file" unless @termcap_path || $entry;
166
167 $state = 1; # 0 == finished
168 # 1 == next file
169 # 2 == search again
170
171 $first = 0; # first entry (keeps term name)
172
173 $max = 32; # max :tc=...:'s
174
175 if ($entry) {
176 # ok, we're starting with $TERMCAP
177 $first++; # we're the first entry
178 # do we need to continue?
179 if ($entry =~ s/:tc=([^:]+):/:/) {
180 $tmp_term = $1;
181 # protect any pattern metacharacters in $tmp_term
182 $termpat = $tmp_term; $termpat =~ s/(\W)/\\$1/g;
183 }
184 else {
185 $state = 0; # we're already finished
186 }
187 }
188
189 # This is eval'ed inside the while loop for each file
190 $search = q{
54310121 191 while (<TERMCAP>) {
cb1a09d0
AD
192 next if /^\\t/ || /^#/;
193 if ($_ =~ m/(^|\\|)${termpat}[:|]/o) {
194 chomp;
195 s/^[^:]*:// if $first++;
196 $state = 0;
54310121 197 while ($_ =~ s/\\\\$//) {
198 defined(my $x = <TERMCAP>) or last;
199 $_ .= $x; chomp;
200 }
cb1a09d0 201 last;
748a9306 202 }
cb1a09d0 203 }
55497cff 204 defined $entry or $entry = '';
205 $entry .= $_;
cb1a09d0 206 };
748a9306 207
cb1a09d0
AD
208 while ($state != 0) {
209 if ($state == 1) {
210 # get the next TERMCAP
211 $TERMCAP = shift @termcap_path
212 || croak "failed termcap lookup on $tmp_term";
213 }
214 else {
215 # do the same file again
216 # prevent endless recursion
217 $max-- || croak "failed termcap loop at $tmp_term";
218 $state = 1; # ok, maybe do a new file next time
219 }
220
221 open(TERMCAP,"< $TERMCAP\0") || croak "open $TERMCAP: $!";
222 eval $search;
223 die $@ if $@;
224 close TERMCAP;
225
226 # If :tc=...: found then search this file again
227 $entry =~ s/:tc=([^:]+):/:/ && ($tmp_term = $1, $state = 2);
228 # protect any pattern metacharacters in $tmp_term
229 $termpat = $tmp_term; $termpat =~ s/(\W)/\\$1/g;
a687059c 230 }
cb1a09d0
AD
231
232 croak "Can't find $term" if $entry eq '';
233 $entry =~ s/:+\s*:+/:/g; # cleanup $entry
234 $entry =~ s/:+/:/g; # cleanup $entry
235 $self->{TERMCAP} = $entry; # save it
236 # print STDERR "DEBUG: $entry = ", $entry, "\n";
a687059c 237
748a9306 238 # Precompile $entry into the object
cb1a09d0 239 $entry =~ s/^[^:]*://;
748a9306 240 foreach $field (split(/:[\s:\\]*/,$entry)) {
cb1a09d0
AD
241 if ($field =~ /^(\w\w)$/) {
242 $self->{'_' . $field} = 1 unless defined $self->{'_' . $1};
243 # print STDERR "DEBUG: flag $1\n";
748a9306
LW
244 }
245 elsif ($field =~ /^(\w\w)\@/) {
cb1a09d0
AD
246 $self->{'_' . $1} = "";
247 # print STDERR "DEBUG: unset $1\n";
a687059c
LW
248 }
249 elsif ($field =~ /^(\w\w)#(.*)/) {
cb1a09d0
AD
250 $self->{'_' . $1} = $2 unless defined $self->{'_' . $1};
251 # print STDERR "DEBUG: numeric $1 = $2\n";
a687059c
LW
252 }
253 elsif ($field =~ /^(\w\w)=(.*)/) {
cb1a09d0
AD
254 # print STDERR "DEBUG: string $1 = $2\n";
255 next if defined $self->{'_' . ($cap = $1)};
a687059c
LW
256 $_ = $2;
257 s/\\E/\033/g;
ecfc5424 258 s/\\(\d\d\d)/pack('c',oct($1) & 0177)/eg;
a687059c
LW
259 s/\\n/\n/g;
260 s/\\r/\r/g;
261 s/\\t/\t/g;
262 s/\\b/\b/g;
263 s/\\f/\f/g;
264 s/\\\^/\377/g;
265 s/\^\?/\177/g;
63f2c1e1 266 s/\^(.)/pack('c',ord($1) & 31)/eg;
a687059c
LW
267 s/\\(.)/$1/g;
268 s/\377/^/g;
cb1a09d0 269 $self->{'_' . $cap} = $_;
a687059c 270 }
cb1a09d0 271 # else { carp "junk in $term ignored: $field"; }
a687059c 272 }
cb1a09d0
AD
273 $self->{'_pc'} = "\0" unless defined $self->{'_pc'};
274 $self->{'_bc'} = "\b" unless defined $self->{'_bc'};
275 $self;
a687059c
LW
276}
277
cb1a09d0
AD
278# $terminal->Tpad($string, $cnt, $FH);
279sub Tpad { ## public
280 my $self = shift;
281 my($string, $cnt, $FH) = @_;
282 my($decr, $ms);
a687059c 283
a687059c
LW
284 if ($string =~ /(^[\d.]+)(\*?)(.*)$/) {
285 $ms = $1;
748a9306 286 $ms *= $cnt if $2;
a687059c 287 $string = $3;
cb1a09d0 288 $decr = $self->{PADDING};
a687059c
LW
289 if ($decr > .1) {
290 $ms += $decr / 2;
cb1a09d0 291 $string .= $self->{'_pc'} x ($ms / $decr);
a687059c
LW
292 }
293 }
294 print $FH $string if $FH;
295 $string;
296}
297
cb1a09d0
AD
298# $terminal->Tputs($cap, $cnt, $FH);
299sub Tputs { ## public
300 my $self = shift;
301 my($cap, $cnt, $FH) = @_;
302 my $string;
748a9306
LW
303
304 if ($cnt > 1) {
cb1a09d0 305 $string = Tpad($self, $self->{'_' . $cap}, $cnt);
748a9306 306 } else {
cb1a09d0
AD
307 # cache result because Tpad can be slow
308 $string = defined $self->{$cap} ? $self->{$cap} :
309 ($self->{$cap} = Tpad($self, $self->{'_' . $cap}, 1));
748a9306
LW
310 }
311 print $FH $string if $FH;
312 $string;
313}
314
315# %% output `%'
316# %d output value as in printf %d
317# %2 output value as in printf %2d
318# %3 output value as in printf %3d
319# %. output value as in printf %c
320# %+x add x to value, then do %.
321#
322# %>xy if value > x then add y, no output
323# %r reverse order of two parameters, no output
324# %i increment by one, no output
325# %B BCD (16*(value/10)) + (value%10), no output
326#
327# %n exclusive-or all parameters with 0140 (Datamedia 2500)
328# %D Reverse coding (value - 2*(value%16)), no output (Delta Data)
329#
cb1a09d0
AD
330# $terminal->Tgoto($cap, $col, $row, $FH);
331sub Tgoto { ## public
332 my $self = shift;
333 my($cap, $code, $tmp, $FH) = @_;
334 my $string = $self->{'_' . $cap};
335 my $result = '';
336 my $after = '';
337 my $online = 0;
338 my @tmp = ($tmp,$code);
339 my $cnt = $code;
748a9306 340
a687059c
LW
341 while ($string =~ /^([^%]*)%(.)(.*)/) {
342 $result .= $1;
343 $code = $2;
344 $string = $3;
345 if ($code eq 'd') {
9f68db38 346 $result .= sprintf("%d",shift(@tmp));
a687059c
LW
347 }
348 elsif ($code eq '.') {
9f68db38 349 $tmp = shift(@tmp);
a687059c
LW
350 if ($tmp == 0 || $tmp == 4 || $tmp == 10) {
351 if ($online) {
cb1a09d0 352 ++$tmp, $after .= $self->{'_up'} if $self->{'_up'};
a687059c
LW
353 }
354 else {
cb1a09d0 355 ++$tmp, $after .= $self->{'_bc'};
a687059c
LW
356 }
357 }
358 $result .= sprintf("%c",$tmp);
359 $online = !$online;
360 }
361 elsif ($code eq '+') {
9f68db38 362 $result .= sprintf("%c",shift(@tmp)+ord($string));
a687059c
LW
363 $string = substr($string,1,99);
364 $online = !$online;
365 }
366 elsif ($code eq 'r') {
9f68db38
LW
367 ($code,$tmp) = @tmp;
368 @tmp = ($tmp,$code);
a687059c
LW
369 $online = !$online;
370 }
371 elsif ($code eq '>') {
372 ($code,$tmp,$string) = unpack("CCa99",$string);
9f68db38
LW
373 if ($tmp[$[] > $code) {
374 $tmp[$[] += $tmp;
a687059c
LW
375 }
376 }
377 elsif ($code eq '2') {
9f68db38 378 $result .= sprintf("%02d",shift(@tmp));
a687059c
LW
379 $online = !$online;
380 }
381 elsif ($code eq '3') {
9f68db38 382 $result .= sprintf("%03d",shift(@tmp));
a687059c
LW
383 $online = !$online;
384 }
385 elsif ($code eq 'i') {
9f68db38
LW
386 ($code,$tmp) = @tmp;
387 @tmp = ($code+1,$tmp+1);
a687059c
LW
388 }
389 else {
390 return "OOPS";
391 }
392 }
cb1a09d0 393 $string = Tpad($self, $result . $string . $after, $cnt);
748a9306
LW
394 print $FH $string if $FH;
395 $string;
396}
397
cb1a09d0
AD
398# $terminal->Trequire(qw/ce ku kd/);
399sub Trequire { ## public
400 my $self = shift;
401 my($cap,@undefined);
402 foreach $cap (@_) {
403 push(@undefined, $cap)
404 unless defined $self->{'_' . $cap} && $self->{'_' . $cap};
748a9306 405 }
cb1a09d0 406 croak "Terminal does not support: (@undefined)" if @undefined;
a687059c
LW
407}
408
4091;
cb1a09d0 410