Commit | Line | Data |
---|---|---|
2e1d04bc JH |
1 | #!../miniperl |
2 | ||
1fa7ca25 JH |
3 | $ENV{LC_ALL} = 'C'; |
4 | ||
b7da254d | 5 | open (OUT, ">perlmodlib.pod") or die $!; |
1fa7ca25 | 6 | my (@pragma, @mod, @MANIFEST); |
4d671226 | 7 | |
2e1d04bc | 8 | open (MANIFEST, "../MANIFEST") or die $!; |
4d671226 | 9 | @MANIFEST = grep !m</(?:t|demo)/>, <MANIFEST>; |
7ef5744c RGS |
10 | push @MANIFEST, 'lib/Config.pod', 'lib/Errno.pm', 'lib/lib.pm', |
11 | 'lib/DynaLoader.pm', 'lib/XSLoader.pm'; | |
2e1d04bc | 12 | |
4e42dfb1 JB |
13 | # If run in a clean source tree, these will be missing because they are |
14 | # generated by the build. | |
15 | my %generated = ( | |
16 | 'encoding' => 'Allows you to write your script in non-ascii or non-utf8', | |
17 | 'lib' => 'Manipulate @INC at compile time', | |
18 | 'ops' => 'Restrict unsafe operations when compiling', | |
19 | 'Config' => 'Access Perl configuration information', | |
20 | 'DynaLoader' => 'Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code', | |
21 | 'Errno' => 'System errno constants', | |
22 | 'O' => 'Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends', | |
23 | 'Safe' => 'Compile and execute code in restricted compartments', | |
24 | 'XSLoader' => 'Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code', | |
25 | ); | |
26 | ||
27 | # If run in a clean source tree, these should not be reported. | |
28 | # These are considered 'modules' by this script, but they really are not. | |
29 | my %suppressed = map {$_ => 1} qw( | |
30 | B::O | |
31 | Encode::encoding | |
32 | Opcode::Safe | |
33 | Opcode::ops | |
34 | ); | |
86cf5c17 | 35 | |
4d671226 | 36 | for (@MANIFEST) { |
4e42dfb1 JB |
37 | my $filename; |
38 | next unless s|^lib/|| or m|^ext/|; | |
39 | my ($origfilename) = ($filename) = m|^(\S+)|; | |
40 | $filename =~ s|^[^/]+/|| if $filename =~ s|^ext/||; | |
41 | next unless $filename =~ m!\.p(m|od)$!; | |
42 | unless (open (MOD, "../lib/$filename")) { | |
43 | unless (open (MOD, "../$origfilename")) { | |
44 | warn "Couldn't open ../$origfilename: $!"; | |
45 | next; | |
46 | } | |
47 | $filename = $origfilename; | |
48 | } | |
4e860d0a | 49 | |
1fa7ca25 | 50 | |
2e1d04bc JH |
51 | my ($name, $thing); |
52 | my $foundit=0; | |
4e860d0a | 53 | { |
4e42dfb1 JB |
54 | local $/=""; |
55 | while (<MOD>) { | |
56 | next unless /^=head1 NAME/; | |
57 | $foundit++; | |
58 | last; | |
59 | } | |
2e1d04bc | 60 | } |
4e860d0a | 61 | unless ($foundit) { |
4e42dfb1 JB |
62 | warn "$filename missing =head1 NAME (OK if respective .pod exists)\n"; |
63 | next; | |
2e1d04bc | 64 | } |
2e1d04bc JH |
65 | my $title = <MOD>; |
66 | chomp($title); | |
67 | close MOD; | |
68 | ||
69 | my $perlname = $filename; | |
7ef5744c | 70 | $perlname =~ s!^.*\b(ext|lib)/!!; |
4e860d0a | 71 | $perlname =~ s!\.p(m|od)$!!; |
7ef5744c | 72 | $perlname =~ s!\b(\w+)/\1\b!$1!; |
4e860d0a JH |
73 | $perlname =~ s!/!::!g; |
74 | ||
86cf5c17 RGS |
75 | # modules with non standard locations |
76 | $perlname =~ s{Base64::QuotedPrint}{QuotedPrint}; | |
77 | ||
4e860d0a JH |
78 | ($name, $thing) = split / --? /, $title, 2; |
79 | ||
80 | unless ($name and $thing) { | |
4e42dfb1 JB |
81 | warn "$filename missing name\n" unless $name; |
82 | warn "$filename missing thing\n" unless $thing; | |
83 | next; | |
4e860d0a | 84 | } |
2e1d04bc | 85 | |
4e42dfb1 | 86 | next if $suppressed{$perlname}; |
1fa7ca25 | 87 | |
4e860d0a JH |
88 | $thing =~ s/^perl pragma to //i; |
89 | $thing = ucfirst($thing); | |
2e1d04bc JH |
90 | $title = "=item $perlname\n\n$thing\n\n"; |
91 | ||
1fa7ca25 | 92 | if ($filename =~ /[A-Z]/) { |
2e1d04bc JH |
93 | push @mod, $title; |
94 | } else { | |
95 | push @pragma, $title; | |
96 | } | |
4e42dfb1 JB |
97 | |
98 | # if we find a generated one via the MANIFEST, no need to add later. | |
99 | delete $generated{$perlname}; | |
100 | } | |
101 | while (my ($name,$desc) = each %generated) { | |
102 | my $title = "=item $name\n\n$desc\n\n"; | |
103 | if ($name =~ /[A-Z]/) { | |
104 | push @mod, $title; | |
105 | } else { | |
106 | push @pragma, $title; | |
107 | } | |
2e1d04bc JH |
108 | } |
109 | ||
110 | print OUT <<'EOF'; | |
c165c82a JH |
111 | =for maintainers |
112 | Generated by perlmodlib.PL -- DO NOT EDIT! | |
843dbe26 | 113 | |
2e1d04bc JH |
114 | =head1 NAME |
115 | ||
116 | perlmodlib - constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones | |
117 | ||
2e1d04bc JH |
118 | =head1 THE PERL MODULE LIBRARY |
119 | ||
7ef5744c | 120 | Many modules are included in the Perl distribution. These are described |
2e1d04bc | 121 | below, and all end in F<.pm>. You may discover compiled library |
7ef5744c | 122 | files (usually ending in F<.so>) or small pieces of modules to be |
2e1d04bc JH |
123 | autoloaded (ending in F<.al>); these were automatically generated |
124 | by the installation process. You may also discover files in the | |
125 | library directory that end in either F<.pl> or F<.ph>. These are | |
126 | old libraries supplied so that old programs that use them still | |
127 | run. The F<.pl> files will all eventually be converted into standard | |
128 | modules, and the F<.ph> files made by B<h2ph> will probably end up | |
129 | as extension modules made by B<h2xs>. (Some F<.ph> values may | |
130 | already be available through the POSIX, Errno, or Fcntl modules.) | |
131 | The B<pl2pm> file in the distribution may help in your conversion, | |
132 | but it's just a mechanical process and therefore far from bulletproof. | |
133 | ||
134 | =head2 Pragmatic Modules | |
135 | ||
136 | They work somewhat like compiler directives (pragmata) in that they | |
137 | tend to affect the compilation of your program, and thus will usually | |
138 | work well only when used within a C<use>, or C<no>. Most of these | |
139 | are lexically scoped, so an inner BLOCK may countermand them | |
140 | by saying: | |
141 | ||
142 | no integer; | |
143 | no strict 'refs'; | |
144 | no warnings; | |
145 | ||
146 | which lasts until the end of that BLOCK. | |
147 | ||
148 | Some pragmas are lexically scoped--typically those that affect the | |
149 | C<$^H> hints variable. Others affect the current package instead, | |
150 | like C<use vars> and C<use subs>, which allow you to predeclare a | |
151 | variables or subroutines within a particular I<file> rather than | |
152 | just a block. Such declarations are effective for the entire file | |
153 | for which they were declared. You cannot rescind them with C<no | |
154 | vars> or C<no subs>. | |
155 | ||
156 | The following pragmas are defined (and have their own documentation). | |
157 | ||
158 | =over 12 | |
159 | ||
160 | EOF | |
161 | ||
162 | print OUT $_ for (sort @pragma); | |
163 | ||
164 | print OUT <<EOF; | |
165 | =back | |
166 | ||
167 | =head2 Standard Modules | |
168 | ||
169 | Standard, bundled modules are all expected to behave in a well-defined | |
170 | manner with respect to namespace pollution because they use the | |
171 | Exporter module. See their own documentation for details. | |
172 | ||
7ef5744c RGS |
173 | It's possible that not all modules listed below are installed on your |
174 | system. For example, the GDBM_File module will not be installed if you | |
175 | don't have the gdbm library. | |
176 | ||
2e1d04bc JH |
177 | =over 12 |
178 | ||
179 | EOF | |
180 | ||
181 | print OUT $_ for (sort @mod); | |
182 | ||
183 | print OUT <<'EOF'; | |
184 | =back | |
185 | ||
186 | To find out I<all> modules installed on your system, including | |
187 | those without documentation or outside the standard release, | |
a4373870 CW |
188 | just use the following command (under the default win32 shell, |
189 | double quotes should be used instead of single quotes). | |
2e1d04bc | 190 | |
a4373870 CW |
191 | % perl -MFile::Find=find -MFile::Spec::Functions -Tlwe \ |
192 | 'find { wanted => sub { print canonpath $_ if /\.pm\z/ }, | |
193 | no_chdir => 1 }, @INC' | |
2e1d04bc | 194 | |
8518420c | 195 | (The -T is here to prevent '.' from being listed in @INC.) |
2e1d04bc JH |
196 | They should all have their own documentation installed and accessible |
197 | via your system man(1) command. If you do not have a B<find> | |
198 | program, you can use the Perl B<find2perl> program instead, which | |
199 | generates Perl code as output you can run through perl. If you | |
200 | have a B<man> program but it doesn't find your modules, you'll have | |
201 | to fix your manpath. See L<perl> for details. If you have no | |
202 | system B<man> command, you might try the B<perldoc> program. | |
203 | ||
8518420c RGS |
204 | Note also that the command C<perldoc perllocal> gives you a (possibly |
205 | incomplete) list of the modules that have been further installed on | |
206 | your system. (The perllocal.pod file is updated by the standard MakeMaker | |
207 | install process.) | |
208 | ||
2e1d04bc JH |
209 | =head2 Extension Modules |
210 | ||
211 | Extension modules are written in C (or a mix of Perl and C). They | |
212 | are usually dynamically loaded into Perl if and when you need them, | |
da75cd15 | 213 | but may also be linked in statically. Supported extension modules |
2e1d04bc JH |
214 | include Socket, Fcntl, and POSIX. |
215 | ||
216 | Many popular C extension modules do not come bundled (at least, not | |
217 | completely) due to their sizes, volatility, or simply lack of time | |
218 | for adequate testing and configuration across the multitude of | |
219 | platforms on which Perl was beta-tested. You are encouraged to | |
220 | look for them on CPAN (described below), or using web search engines | |
7ef5744c | 221 | like Alta Vista or Google. |
2e1d04bc JH |
222 | |
223 | =head1 CPAN | |
224 | ||
225 | CPAN stands for Comprehensive Perl Archive Network; it's a globally | |
226 | replicated trove of Perl materials, including documentation, style | |
227 | guides, tricks and traps, alternate ports to non-Unix systems and | |
228 | occasional binary distributions for these. Search engines for | |
1577cd80 | 229 | CPAN can be found at http://www.cpan.org/ |
2e1d04bc JH |
230 | |
231 | Most importantly, CPAN includes around a thousand unbundled modules, | |
232 | some of which require a C compiler to build. Major categories of | |
233 | modules are: | |
234 | ||
235 | =over | |
236 | ||
237 | =item * | |
ac634a9a | 238 | |
2e1d04bc JH |
239 | Language Extensions and Documentation Tools |
240 | ||
241 | =item * | |
ac634a9a | 242 | |
2e1d04bc JH |
243 | Development Support |
244 | ||
245 | =item * | |
ac634a9a | 246 | |
2e1d04bc JH |
247 | Operating System Interfaces |
248 | ||
249 | =item * | |
ac634a9a | 250 | |
2e1d04bc JH |
251 | Networking, Device Control (modems) and InterProcess Communication |
252 | ||
253 | =item * | |
ac634a9a | 254 | |
2e1d04bc JH |
255 | Data Types and Data Type Utilities |
256 | ||
257 | =item * | |
ac634a9a | 258 | |
2e1d04bc JH |
259 | Database Interfaces |
260 | ||
261 | =item * | |
ac634a9a | 262 | |
2e1d04bc JH |
263 | User Interfaces |
264 | ||
265 | =item * | |
ac634a9a | 266 | |
2e1d04bc JH |
267 | Interfaces to / Emulations of Other Programming Languages |
268 | ||
269 | =item * | |
ac634a9a | 270 | |
2e1d04bc JH |
271 | File Names, File Systems and File Locking (see also File Handles) |
272 | ||
273 | =item * | |
ac634a9a | 274 | |
2e1d04bc JH |
275 | String Processing, Language Text Processing, Parsing, and Searching |
276 | ||
277 | =item * | |
ac634a9a | 278 | |
2e1d04bc JH |
279 | Option, Argument, Parameter, and Configuration File Processing |
280 | ||
281 | =item * | |
ac634a9a | 282 | |
2e1d04bc JH |
283 | Internationalization and Locale |
284 | ||
285 | =item * | |
ac634a9a | 286 | |
2e1d04bc JH |
287 | Authentication, Security, and Encryption |
288 | ||
289 | =item * | |
ac634a9a | 290 | |
2e1d04bc JH |
291 | World Wide Web, HTML, HTTP, CGI, MIME |
292 | ||
293 | =item * | |
ac634a9a | 294 | |
2e1d04bc JH |
295 | Server and Daemon Utilities |
296 | ||
297 | =item * | |
ac634a9a | 298 | |
2e1d04bc JH |
299 | Archiving and Compression |
300 | ||
301 | =item * | |
ac634a9a | 302 | |
2e1d04bc JH |
303 | Images, Pixmap and Bitmap Manipulation, Drawing, and Graphing |
304 | ||
305 | =item * | |
ac634a9a | 306 | |
2e1d04bc JH |
307 | Mail and Usenet News |
308 | ||
309 | =item * | |
ac634a9a | 310 | |
2e1d04bc JH |
311 | Control Flow Utilities (callbacks and exceptions etc) |
312 | ||
313 | =item * | |
ac634a9a | 314 | |
2e1d04bc JH |
315 | File Handle and Input/Output Stream Utilities |
316 | ||
317 | =item * | |
ac634a9a | 318 | |
2e1d04bc JH |
319 | Miscellaneous Modules |
320 | ||
321 | =back | |
322 | ||
5df44211 JH |
323 | The list of the registered CPAN sites as of this writing follows. |
324 | Please note that the sorting order is alphabetical on fields: | |
325 | ||
326 | Continent | |
327 | | | |
328 | |-->Country | |
329 | | | |
330 | |-->[state/province] | |
331 | | | |
332 | |-->ftp | |
333 | | | |
334 | |-->[http] | |
335 | ||
336 | and thus the North American servers happen to be listed between the | |
337 | European and the South American sites. | |
338 | ||
339 | You should try to choose one close to you. | |
2e1d04bc | 340 | |
4e860d0a JH |
341 | =head2 Africa |
342 | ||
343 | =over 4 | |
344 | ||
5df44211 | 345 | =item South Africa |
4e860d0a | 346 | |
5c5c2539 JH |
347 | http://ftp.rucus.ru.ac.za/pub/perl/CPAN/ |
348 | ftp://ftp.rucus.ru.ac.za/pub/perl/CPAN/ | |
5df44211 | 349 | ftp://ftp.is.co.za/programming/perl/CPAN/ |
5df44211 JH |
350 | ftp://ftp.saix.net/pub/CPAN/ |
351 | ftp://ftp.sun.ac.za/CPAN/CPAN/ | |
4e860d0a JH |
352 | |
353 | =back | |
354 | ||
355 | =head2 Asia | |
356 | ||
357 | =over 4 | |
358 | ||
5df44211 | 359 | =item China |
4e860d0a | 360 | |
5c5c2539 | 361 | http://cpan.linuxforum.net/ |
5df44211 JH |
362 | http://cpan.shellhung.org/ |
363 | ftp://ftp.shellhung.org/pub/CPAN | |
5c5c2539 | 364 | ftp://mirrors.hknet.com/CPAN |
c165c82a | 365 | |
5df44211 | 366 | =item Indonesia |
c165c82a | 367 | |
5c5c2539 | 368 | http://mirrors.tf.itb.ac.id/cpan/ |
5df44211 JH |
369 | http://cpan.cbn.net.id/ |
370 | ftp://ftp.cbn.net.id/mirror/CPAN | |
c165c82a | 371 | |
5df44211 | 372 | =item Israel |
c165c82a | 373 | |
5df44211 JH |
374 | ftp://ftp.iglu.org.il/pub/CPAN/ |
375 | http://cpan.lerner.co.il/ | |
376 | http://bioinfo.weizmann.ac.il/pub/software/perl/CPAN/ | |
377 | ftp://bioinfo.weizmann.ac.il/pub/software/perl/CPAN/ | |
c165c82a | 378 | |
5df44211 | 379 | =item Japan |
c165c82a | 380 | |
5df44211 JH |
381 | ftp://ftp.u-aizu.ac.jp/pub/CPAN |
382 | ftp://ftp.kddlabs.co.jp/CPAN/ | |
5df44211 JH |
383 | ftp://ftp.ayamura.org/pub/CPAN/ |
384 | ftp://ftp.jaist.ac.jp/pub/lang/perl/CPAN/ | |
7a142657 JH |
385 | http://ftp.cpan.jp/ |
386 | ftp://ftp.cpan.jp/CPAN/ | |
5df44211 JH |
387 | ftp://ftp.dti.ad.jp/pub/lang/CPAN/ |
388 | ftp://ftp.ring.gr.jp/pub/lang/perl/CPAN/ | |
c165c82a | 389 | |
5c5c2539 | 390 | =item Malaysia |
c165c82a | 391 | |
5c5c2539 JH |
392 | http://cpan.MyBSD.org.my |
393 | http://mirror.leafbug.org/pub/CPAN | |
394 | http://ossig.mncc.com.my/mirror/pub/CPAN | |
4e860d0a | 395 | |
5df44211 | 396 | =item Russian Federation |
4e860d0a | 397 | |
5df44211 | 398 | http://cpan.tomsk.ru |
7a142657 | 399 | ftp://cpan.tomsk.ru/ |
4e860d0a | 400 | |
5df44211 | 401 | =item Saudi Arabia |
4e860d0a | 402 | |
5df44211 | 403 | ftp://ftp.isu.net.sa/pub/CPAN/ |
4e860d0a | 404 | |
5df44211 | 405 | =item Singapore |
4e860d0a | 406 | |
5c5c2539 JH |
407 | http://CPAN.en.com.sg/ |
408 | ftp://cpan.en.com.sg/ | |
5df44211 JH |
409 | http://mirror.averse.net/pub/CPAN |
410 | ftp://mirror.averse.net/pub/CPAN | |
5c5c2539 JH |
411 | http://cpan.oss.eznetsols.org |
412 | ftp://ftp.oss.eznetsols.org/cpan | |
4e860d0a | 413 | |
5df44211 | 414 | =item South Korea |
4e860d0a | 415 | |
5df44211 JH |
416 | http://CPAN.bora.net/ |
417 | ftp://ftp.bora.net/pub/CPAN/ | |
5c5c2539 JH |
418 | http://mirror.kr.FreeBSD.org/CPAN |
419 | ftp://ftp.kr.FreeBSD.org/pub/CPAN | |
4e860d0a | 420 | |
5df44211 | 421 | =item Taiwan |
4e860d0a | 422 | |
5df44211 | 423 | ftp://ftp.nctu.edu.tw/UNIX/perl/CPAN |
5c5c2539 JH |
424 | http://cpan.cdpa.nsysu.edu.tw/ |
425 | ftp://cpan.cdpa.nsysu.edu.tw/pub/CPAN | |
426 | http://ftp.isu.edu.tw/pub/CPAN | |
427 | ftp://ftp.isu.edu.tw/pub/CPAN | |
5df44211 JH |
428 | ftp://ftp1.sinica.edu.tw/pub1/perl/CPAN/ |
429 | http://ftp.tku.edu.tw/pub/CPAN/ | |
430 | ftp://ftp.tku.edu.tw/pub/CPAN/ | |
7a142657 | 431 | |
5df44211 | 432 | =item Thailand |
4e860d0a | 433 | |
5df44211 JH |
434 | ftp://ftp.loxinfo.co.th/pub/cpan/ |
435 | ftp://ftp.cs.riubon.ac.th/pub/mirrors/CPAN/ | |
4e860d0a JH |
436 | |
437 | =back | |
438 | ||
439 | =head2 Central America | |
440 | ||
441 | =over 4 | |
442 | ||
5df44211 | 443 | =item Costa Rica |
4e860d0a | 444 | |
5df44211 JH |
445 | http://ftp.ucr.ac.cr/Unix/CPAN/ |
446 | ftp://ftp.ucr.ac.cr/pub/Unix/CPAN/ | |
4e860d0a JH |
447 | |
448 | =back | |
449 | ||
450 | =head2 Europe | |
451 | ||
452 | =over 4 | |
453 | ||
5df44211 | 454 | =item Austria |
4e860d0a | 455 | |
2e75584a JH |
456 | http://cpan.inode.at/ |
457 | ftp://cpan.inode.at | |
5df44211 | 458 | ftp://ftp.tuwien.ac.at/pub/CPAN/ |
4e860d0a | 459 | |
5df44211 | 460 | =item Belgium |
4e860d0a | 461 | |
5df44211 JH |
462 | http://ftp.easynet.be/pub/CPAN/ |
463 | ftp://ftp.easynet.be/pub/CPAN/ | |
464 | http://cpan.skynet.be | |
5c5c2539 | 465 | ftp://ftp.cpan.skynet.be/pub/CPAN |
5df44211 | 466 | ftp://ftp.kulnet.kuleuven.ac.be/pub/mirror/CPAN/ |
4e860d0a | 467 | |
7a142657 JH |
468 | =item Bosnia and Herzegovina |
469 | ||
470 | http://cpan.blic.net/ | |
471 | ||
5df44211 | 472 | =item Bulgaria |
4e860d0a | 473 | |
5c5c2539 JH |
474 | http://cpan.online.bg |
475 | ftp://cpan.online.bg/cpan | |
476 | http://cpan.zadnik.org | |
477 | ftp://ftp.zadnik.org/mirrors/CPAN/ | |
5df44211 JH |
478 | http://cpan.lirex.net/ |
479 | ftp://ftp.lirex.net/pub/mirrors/CPAN | |
4e860d0a | 480 | |
5df44211 | 481 | =item Croatia |
4e860d0a | 482 | |
5df44211 JH |
483 | http://ftp.linux.hr/pub/CPAN/ |
484 | ftp://ftp.linux.hr/pub/CPAN/ | |
4e860d0a | 485 | |
5df44211 | 486 | =item Czech Republic |
4e860d0a | 487 | |
5df44211 JH |
488 | ftp://ftp.fi.muni.cz/pub/CPAN/ |
489 | ftp://sunsite.mff.cuni.cz/MIRRORS/ftp.funet.fi/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/ | |
4e860d0a | 490 | |
5df44211 | 491 | =item Denmark |
4e860d0a | 492 | |
5df44211 JH |
493 | http://mirrors.sunsite.dk/cpan/ |
494 | ftp://sunsite.dk/mirrors/cpan/ | |
495 | http://cpan.cybercity.dk | |
496 | http://www.cpan.dk/CPAN/ | |
497 | ftp://www.cpan.dk/ftp.cpan.org/CPAN/ | |
4e860d0a | 498 | |
5df44211 | 499 | =item Estonia |
4e860d0a | 500 | |
5df44211 | 501 | ftp://ftp.ut.ee/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/ |
4e860d0a | 502 | |
5df44211 | 503 | =item Finland |
4e860d0a | 504 | |
5df44211 | 505 | ftp://ftp.funet.fi/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/ |
5c5c2539 | 506 | http://mirror.eunet.fi/CPAN |
4e860d0a | 507 | |
5df44211 | 508 | =item France |
c165c82a | 509 | |
5c5c2539 | 510 | http://www.enstimac.fr/Perl/CPAN |
5df44211 JH |
511 | http://ftp.u-paris10.fr/perl/CPAN |
512 | ftp://ftp.u-paris10.fr/perl/CPAN | |
513 | http://cpan.mirrors.easynet.fr/ | |
514 | ftp://cpan.mirrors.easynet.fr/pub/ftp.cpan.org/ | |
515 | ftp://ftp.club-internet.fr/pub/perl/CPAN/ | |
516 | http://fr.cpan.org/ | |
517 | ftp://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/perl/CPAN/ | |
518 | ftp://ftp.oleane.net/pub/mirrors/CPAN/ | |
519 | ftp://ftp.pasteur.fr/pub/computing/CPAN/ | |
520 | http://mir2.ovh.net/ftp.cpan.org | |
521 | ftp://mir1.ovh.net/ftp.cpan.org | |
5c5c2539 JH |
522 | http://ftp.crihan.fr/mirrors/ftp.cpan.org/ |
523 | ftp://ftp.crihan.fr/mirrors/ftp.cpan.org/ | |
5df44211 JH |
524 | http://ftp.u-strasbg.fr/CPAN |
525 | ftp://ftp.u-strasbg.fr/CPAN | |
5df44211 JH |
526 | ftp://cpan.cict.fr/pub/CPAN/ |
527 | ftp://ftp.uvsq.fr/pub/perl/CPAN/ | |
c165c82a | 528 | |
5df44211 | 529 | =item Germany |
c165c82a | 530 | |
5c5c2539 | 531 | ftp://ftp.rub.de/pub/CPAN/ |
5df44211 JH |
532 | ftp://ftp.freenet.de/pub/ftp.cpan.org/pub/CPAN/ |
533 | ftp://ftp.uni-erlangen.de/pub/source/CPAN/ | |
534 | ftp://ftp-stud.fht-esslingen.de/pub/Mirrors/CPAN | |
535 | http://pandemonium.tiscali.de/pub/CPAN/ | |
536 | ftp://pandemonium.tiscali.de/pub/CPAN/ | |
537 | http://ftp.gwdg.de/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/ | |
538 | ftp://ftp.gwdg.de/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/ | |
539 | ftp://ftp.uni-hamburg.de/pub/soft/lang/perl/CPAN/ | |
540 | ftp://ftp.leo.org/pub/CPAN/ | |
541 | http://cpan.noris.de/ | |
542 | ftp://cpan.noris.de/pub/CPAN/ | |
543 | ftp://ftp.mpi-sb.mpg.de/pub/perl/CPAN/ | |
544 | ftp://ftp.gmd.de/mirrors/CPAN/ | |
4e860d0a | 545 | |
5df44211 | 546 | =item Greece |
4e860d0a | 547 | |
5c5c2539 | 548 | ftp://ftp.acn.gr/pub/lang/perl |
5df44211 JH |
549 | ftp://ftp.forthnet.gr/pub/languages/perl/CPAN |
550 | ftp://ftp.ntua.gr/pub/lang/perl/ | |
4e860d0a | 551 | |
5df44211 | 552 | =item Hungary |
4e860d0a | 553 | |
5df44211 JH |
554 | http://ftp.kfki.hu/packages/perl/CPAN/ |
555 | ftp://ftp.kfki.hu/pub/packages/perl/CPAN/ | |
4e860d0a | 556 | |
5df44211 | 557 | =item Iceland |
4e860d0a | 558 | |
5df44211 JH |
559 | http://ftp.rhnet.is/pub/CPAN/ |
560 | ftp://ftp.rhnet.is/pub/CPAN/ | |
4e860d0a | 561 | |
5df44211 | 562 | =item Ireland |
4e860d0a | 563 | |
5df44211 JH |
564 | http://cpan.indigo.ie/ |
565 | ftp://cpan.indigo.ie/pub/CPAN/ | |
5c5c2539 JH |
566 | http://ftp.heanet.ie/mirrors/ftp.perl.org/pub/CPAN |
567 | ftp://ftp.heanet.ie/mirrors/ftp.perl.org/pub/CPAN | |
5df44211 JH |
568 | http://sunsite.compapp.dcu.ie/pub/perl/ |
569 | ftp://sunsite.compapp.dcu.ie/pub/perl/ | |
4e860d0a | 570 | |
5df44211 | 571 | =item Italy |
4e860d0a | 572 | |
5df44211 JH |
573 | http://cpan.nettuno.it/ |
574 | http://gusp.dyndns.org/CPAN/ | |
575 | ftp://gusp.dyndns.org/pub/CPAN | |
576 | http://softcity.iol.it/cpan | |
577 | ftp://softcity.iol.it/pub/cpan | |
578 | ftp://ftp.unina.it/pub/Other/CPAN/CPAN/ | |
579 | ftp://ftp.unipi.it/pub/mirror/perl/CPAN/ | |
580 | ftp://cis.uniRoma2.it/CPAN/ | |
581 | ftp://ftp.edisontel.it/pub/CPAN_Mirror/ | |
5c5c2539 | 582 | http://cpan.flashnet.it/ |
5df44211 | 583 | ftp://ftp.flashnet.it/pub/CPAN/ |
4e860d0a | 584 | |
5df44211 | 585 | =item Latvia |
4e860d0a | 586 | |
5df44211 | 587 | http://kvin.lv/pub/CPAN/ |
4e860d0a | 588 | |
5df44211 | 589 | =item Lithuania |
4e860d0a | 590 | |
5df44211 | 591 | ftp://ftp.unix.lt/pub/CPAN/ |
4e860d0a | 592 | |
5df44211 | 593 | =item Netherlands |
4e860d0a | 594 | |
5df44211 JH |
595 | ftp://download.xs4all.nl/pub/mirror/CPAN/ |
596 | ftp://ftp.nl.uu.net/pub/CPAN/ | |
597 | ftp://ftp.nluug.nl/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/ | |
598 | http://cpan.cybercomm.nl/ | |
599 | ftp://mirror.cybercomm.nl/pub/CPAN | |
5c5c2539 | 600 | ftp://mirror.vuurwerk.nl/pub/CPAN/ |
5df44211 JH |
601 | ftp://ftp.cpan.nl/pub/CPAN/ |
602 | http://ftp.easynet.nl/mirror/CPAN | |
603 | ftp://ftp.easynet.nl/mirror/CPAN | |
604 | http://archive.cs.uu.nl/mirror/CPAN/ | |
605 | ftp://ftp.cs.uu.nl/mirror/CPAN/ | |
4e860d0a | 606 | |
5df44211 JH |
607 | =item Norway |
608 | ||
609 | ftp://ftp.uninett.no/pub/languages/perl/CPAN | |
610 | ftp://ftp.uit.no/pub/languages/perl/cpan/ | |
611 | ||
612 | =item Poland | |
613 | ||
2e75584a | 614 | ftp://ftp.mega.net.pl/CPAN |
5df44211 JH |
615 | ftp://ftp.man.torun.pl/pub/doc/CPAN/ |
616 | ftp://sunsite.icm.edu.pl/pub/CPAN/ | |
617 | ||
618 | =item Portugal | |
619 | ||
620 | ftp://ftp.ua.pt/pub/CPAN/ | |
621 | ftp://perl.di.uminho.pt/pub/CPAN/ | |
622 | http://cpan.dei.uc.pt/ | |
623 | ftp://ftp.dei.uc.pt/pub/CPAN | |
5c5c2539 JH |
624 | ftp://ftp.nfsi.pt/pub/CPAN |
625 | http://ftp.linux.pt/pub/mirrors/CPAN | |
626 | ftp://ftp.linux.pt/pub/mirrors/CPAN | |
5df44211 JH |
627 | http://cpan.ip.pt/ |
628 | ftp://cpan.ip.pt/pub/cpan/ | |
5c5c2539 JH |
629 | http://cpan.telepac.pt/ |
630 | ftp://ftp.telepac.pt/pub/cpan/ | |
4e860d0a | 631 | |
5df44211 | 632 | =item Romania |
4e860d0a | 633 | |
5c5c2539 | 634 | ftp://ftp.bio-net.ro/pub/CPAN |
5df44211 | 635 | ftp://ftp.kappa.ro/pub/mirrors/ftp.perl.org/pub/CPAN/ |
7a142657 | 636 | ftp://ftp.lug.ro/CPAN |
5c5c2539 | 637 | ftp://ftp.roedu.net/pub/CPAN/ |
5df44211 | 638 | ftp://ftp.dntis.ro/pub/cpan/ |
5c5c2539 JH |
639 | ftp://ftp.iasi.roedu.net/pub/mirrors/ftp.cpan.org/ |
640 | http://cpan.ambra.ro/ | |
641 | ftp://ftp.ambra.ro/pub/CPAN | |
5df44211 JH |
642 | ftp://ftp.dnttm.ro/pub/CPAN/ |
643 | ftp://ftp.lasting.ro/pub/CPAN | |
644 | ftp://ftp.timisoara.roedu.net/mirrors/CPAN/ | |
4e860d0a | 645 | |
5df44211 | 646 | =item Russia |
4e860d0a | 647 | |
5df44211 JH |
648 | ftp://ftp.chg.ru/pub/lang/perl/CPAN/ |
649 | http://cpan.rinet.ru/ | |
650 | ftp://cpan.rinet.ru/pub/mirror/CPAN/ | |
651 | ftp://ftp.aha.ru/pub/CPAN/ | |
7a142657 | 652 | ftp://ftp.corbina.ru/pub/CPAN/ |
5df44211 JH |
653 | http://cpan.sai.msu.ru/ |
654 | ftp://ftp.sai.msu.su/pub/lang/perl/CPAN/ | |
4e860d0a | 655 | |
5df44211 | 656 | =item Slovakia |
4e860d0a | 657 | |
5df44211 | 658 | ftp://ftp.cvt.stuba.sk/pub/CPAN/ |
4e860d0a | 659 | |
5df44211 | 660 | =item Slovenia |
4e860d0a | 661 | |
5df44211 | 662 | ftp://ftp.arnes.si/software/perl/CPAN/ |
4e860d0a | 663 | |
5df44211 | 664 | =item Spain |
4e860d0a | 665 | |
5df44211 JH |
666 | http://cpan.imasd.elmundo.es/ |
667 | ftp://ftp.rediris.es/mirror/CPAN/ | |
2e75584a | 668 | ftp://ftp.ri.telefonica-data.net/CPAN |
5df44211 | 669 | ftp://ftp.etse.urv.es/pub/perl/ |
4e860d0a | 670 | |
5df44211 | 671 | =item Sweden |
4e860d0a | 672 | |
5df44211 JH |
673 | http://ftp.du.se/CPAN/ |
674 | ftp://ftp.du.se/pub/CPAN/ | |
5c5c2539 | 675 | http://mirror.dataphone.se/CPAN |
5df44211 JH |
676 | ftp://mirror.dataphone.se/pub/CPAN |
677 | ftp://ftp.sunet.se/pub/lang/perl/CPAN/ | |
4e860d0a | 678 | |
5df44211 | 679 | =item Switzerland |
4e860d0a | 680 | |
7a142657 JH |
681 | http://cpan.mirror.solnet.ch/ |
682 | ftp://ftp.solnet.ch/mirror/CPAN/ | |
5df44211 JH |
683 | ftp://ftp.danyk.ch/CPAN/ |
684 | ftp://sunsite.cnlab-switch.ch/mirror/CPAN/ | |
4e860d0a | 685 | |
5df44211 | 686 | =item Turkey |
4e860d0a | 687 | |
5df44211 JH |
688 | http://ftp.ulak.net.tr/perl/CPAN/ |
689 | ftp://ftp.ulak.net.tr/perl/CPAN | |
690 | ftp://sunsite.bilkent.edu.tr/pub/languages/CPAN/ | |
c165c82a | 691 | |
5df44211 | 692 | =item Ukraine |
c165c82a | 693 | |
5df44211 JH |
694 | http://cpan.org.ua/ |
695 | ftp://cpan.org.ua/ | |
696 | ftp://ftp.perl.org.ua/pub/CPAN/ | |
5c5c2539 JH |
697 | http://no-more.kiev.ua/CPAN/ |
698 | ftp://no-more.kiev.ua/pub/CPAN/ | |
c165c82a | 699 | |
5df44211 | 700 | =item United Kingdom |
d4858812 | 701 | |
5df44211 JH |
702 | http://www.mirror.ac.uk/sites/ftp.funet.fi/pub/languages/perl/CPAN |
703 | ftp://ftp.mirror.ac.uk/sites/ftp.funet.fi/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/ | |
704 | http://cpan.teleglobe.net/ | |
705 | ftp://cpan.teleglobe.net/pub/CPAN | |
5c5c2539 JH |
706 | http://cpan.mirror.anlx.net/ |
707 | ftp://ftp.mirror.anlx.net/CPAN/ | |
7a142657 JH |
708 | http://cpan.etla.org/ |
709 | ftp://cpan.etla.org/pub/CPAN | |
5df44211 JH |
710 | ftp://ftp.demon.co.uk/pub/CPAN/ |
711 | http://cpan.m.flirble.org/ | |
712 | ftp://ftp.flirble.org/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/ | |
713 | ftp://ftp.plig.org/pub/CPAN/ | |
5c5c2539 | 714 | http://cpan.hambule.co.uk/ |
5df44211 JH |
715 | http://cpan.mirrors.clockerz.net/ |
716 | ftp://ftp.clockerz.net/pub/CPAN/ | |
717 | ftp://usit.shef.ac.uk/pub/packages/CPAN/ | |
d4858812 | 718 | |
4e860d0a JH |
719 | =back |
720 | ||
721 | =head2 North America | |
722 | ||
723 | =over 4 | |
724 | ||
5c5c2539 JH |
725 | =item Canada |
726 | ||
7a142657 | 727 | =over 8 |
5c5c2539 | 728 | |
5df44211 | 729 | =item Alberta |
4e860d0a | 730 | |
5c5c2539 JH |
731 | http://cpan.sunsite.ualberta.ca/ |
732 | ftp://cpan.sunsite.ualberta.ca/pub/CPAN/ | |
4e860d0a | 733 | |
5df44211 | 734 | =item Manitoba |
4e860d0a | 735 | |
5df44211 JH |
736 | http://theoryx5.uwinnipeg.ca/pub/CPAN/ |
737 | ftp://theoryx5.uwinnipeg.ca/pub/CPAN/ | |
4e860d0a | 738 | |
5df44211 | 739 | =item Nova Scotia |
4e860d0a | 740 | |
5df44211 | 741 | ftp://cpan.chebucto.ns.ca/pub/CPAN/ |
4e860d0a | 742 | |
5df44211 | 743 | =item Ontario |
4e860d0a | 744 | |
5c5c2539 | 745 | ftp://ftp.nrc.ca/pub/CPAN/ |
c165c82a | 746 | |
7a142657 JH |
747 | =back |
748 | ||
5df44211 | 749 | =item Mexico |
c165c82a | 750 | |
5df44211 JH |
751 | http://cpan.azc.uam.mx |
752 | ftp://cpan.azc.uam.mx/mirrors/CPAN | |
7a142657 JH |
753 | http://www.cpan.unam.mx/ |
754 | ftp://ftp.unam.mx/pub/CPAN | |
5df44211 JH |
755 | http://www.msg.com.mx/CPAN/ |
756 | ftp://ftp.msg.com.mx/pub/CPAN/ | |
c165c82a | 757 | |
5c5c2539 | 758 | =item United States |
d4858812 | 759 | |
7a142657 | 760 | =over 8 |
4e860d0a | 761 | |
5df44211 | 762 | =item Alabama |
4e860d0a | 763 | |
5df44211 JH |
764 | http://mirror.hiwaay.net/CPAN/ |
765 | ftp://mirror.hiwaay.net/CPAN/ | |
4e860d0a | 766 | |
5df44211 | 767 | =item California |
4e860d0a | 768 | |
5df44211 JH |
769 | http://cpan.develooper.com/ |
770 | http://www.cpan.org/ | |
771 | ftp://cpan.valueclick.com/pub/CPAN/ | |
7a142657 JH |
772 | http://www.mednor.net/ftp/pub/mirrors/CPAN/ |
773 | ftp://ftp.mednor.net/pub/mirrors/CPAN/ | |
5df44211 JH |
774 | http://mirrors.gossamer-threads.com/CPAN |
775 | ftp://cpan.nas.nasa.gov/pub/perl/CPAN/ | |
776 | http://mirrors.kernel.org/cpan/ | |
777 | ftp://mirrors.kernel.org/pub/CPAN | |
7a142657 JH |
778 | http://cpan-sj.viaverio.com/ |
779 | ftp://cpan-sj.viaverio.com/pub/CPAN/ | |
5df44211 JH |
780 | http://cpan.digisle.net/ |
781 | ftp://cpan.digisle.net/pub/CPAN | |
782 | http://www.perl.com/CPAN/ | |
7a142657 | 783 | http://www.uberlan.net/CPAN |
4e860d0a | 784 | |
5df44211 | 785 | =item Colorado |
4e860d0a | 786 | |
5df44211 | 787 | ftp://ftp.cs.colorado.edu/pub/perl/CPAN/ |
7a142657 | 788 | http://cpan.four10.com |
4e860d0a | 789 | |
5df44211 | 790 | =item Delaware |
4e860d0a | 791 | |
5df44211 JH |
792 | http://ftp.lug.udel.edu/pub/CPAN |
793 | ftp://ftp.lug.udel.edu/pub/CPAN | |
4e860d0a | 794 | |
5df44211 | 795 | =item District of Columbia |
4e860d0a | 796 | |
5df44211 | 797 | ftp://ftp.dc.aleron.net/pub/CPAN/ |
4e860d0a | 798 | |
5df44211 | 799 | =item Florida |
c165c82a | 800 | |
5df44211 JH |
801 | ftp://ftp.cise.ufl.edu/pub/mirrors/CPAN/ |
802 | http://mirror.csit.fsu.edu/pub/CPAN/ | |
803 | ftp://mirror.csit.fsu.edu/pub/CPAN/ | |
804 | http://cpan.mirrors.nks.net/ | |
c165c82a | 805 | |
5df44211 | 806 | =item Indiana |
4e860d0a | 807 | |
5df44211 JH |
808 | ftp://ftp.uwsg.iu.edu/pub/perl/CPAN/ |
809 | http://cpan.netnitco.net/ | |
810 | ftp://cpan.netnitco.net/pub/mirrors/CPAN/ | |
811 | http://archive.progeny.com/CPAN/ | |
812 | ftp://archive.progeny.com/CPAN/ | |
5c5c2539 JH |
813 | http://fx.saintjoe.edu/pub/CPAN |
814 | ftp://ftp.saintjoe.edu/pub/CPAN | |
5df44211 JH |
815 | http://csociety-ftp.ecn.purdue.edu/pub/CPAN |
816 | ftp://csociety-ftp.ecn.purdue.edu/pub/CPAN | |
4e860d0a | 817 | |
5df44211 | 818 | =item Kentucky |
4e860d0a | 819 | |
5df44211 JH |
820 | http://cpan.uky.edu/ |
821 | ftp://cpan.uky.edu/pub/CPAN/ | |
5c5c2539 JH |
822 | http://slugsite.louisville.edu/cpan |
823 | ftp://slugsite.louisville.edu/CPAN | |
4e860d0a | 824 | |
5df44211 | 825 | =item Massachusetts |
4e860d0a | 826 | |
5c5c2539 JH |
827 | http://mirrors.towardex.com/CPAN |
828 | ftp://mirrors.towardex.com/pub/CPAN | |
5df44211 | 829 | ftp://ftp.ccs.neu.edu/net/mirrors/ftp.funet.fi/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/ |
4e860d0a | 830 | |
5df44211 | 831 | =item Michigan |
4e860d0a | 832 | |
5df44211 | 833 | ftp://cpan.cse.msu.edu/ |
2e75584a JH |
834 | http://cpan.calvin.edu/pub/CPAN |
835 | ftp://cpan.calvin.edu/pub/CPAN | |
4e860d0a | 836 | |
5c5c2539 JH |
837 | =item Nevada |
838 | ||
839 | http://www.oss.redundant.com/pub/CPAN | |
840 | ftp://www.oss.redundant.com/pub/CPAN | |
841 | ||
5df44211 | 842 | =item New Jersey |
4e860d0a | 843 | |
5c5c2539 | 844 | http://ftp.cpanel.net/pub/CPAN/ |
5df44211 JH |
845 | ftp://ftp.cpanel.net/pub/CPAN/ |
846 | http://cpan.teleglobe.net/ | |
847 | ftp://cpan.teleglobe.net/pub/CPAN | |
4e860d0a | 848 | |
5df44211 | 849 | =item New York |
4e860d0a | 850 | |
5df44211 | 851 | http://cpan.belfry.net/ |
5c5c2539 JH |
852 | http://cpan.erlbaum.net/ |
853 | ftp://cpan.erlbaum.net/ | |
5df44211 JH |
854 | http://cpan.thepirtgroup.com/ |
855 | ftp://cpan.thepirtgroup.com/ | |
856 | ftp://ftp.stealth.net/pub/CPAN/ | |
857 | http://www.rge.com/pub/languages/perl/ | |
858 | ftp://ftp.rge.com/pub/languages/perl/ | |
4e860d0a | 859 | |
5df44211 | 860 | =item North Carolina |
4e860d0a | 861 | |
7a142657 JH |
862 | http://www.ibiblio.org/pub/languages/perl/CPAN |
863 | ftp://ftp.ibiblio.org/pub/languages/perl/CPAN | |
5df44211 | 864 | ftp://ftp.duke.edu/pub/perl/ |
5c5c2539 | 865 | ftp://ftp.ncsu.edu/pub/mirror/CPAN/ |
4e860d0a | 866 | |
5df44211 | 867 | =item Oklahoma |
4e860d0a | 868 | |
5df44211 | 869 | ftp://ftp.ou.edu/mirrors/CPAN/ |
4e860d0a | 870 | |
5df44211 | 871 | =item Oregon |
4e860d0a | 872 | |
5df44211 | 873 | ftp://ftp.orst.edu/pub/CPAN |
4e860d0a | 874 | |
5df44211 | 875 | =item Pennsylvania |
4e860d0a | 876 | |
5df44211 JH |
877 | http://ftp.epix.net/CPAN/ |
878 | ftp://ftp.epix.net/pub/languages/perl/ | |
879 | http://mirrors.phenominet.com/pub/CPAN/ | |
880 | ftp://mirrors.phenominet.com/pub/CPAN/ | |
881 | http://cpan.pair.com/ | |
882 | ftp://cpan.pair.com/pub/CPAN/ | |
883 | ftp://carroll.cac.psu.edu/pub/CPAN/ | |
4e860d0a | 884 | |
5df44211 | 885 | =item Tennessee |
4e860d0a | 886 | |
5df44211 | 887 | ftp://ftp.sunsite.utk.edu/pub/CPAN/ |
4e860d0a | 888 | |
5df44211 | 889 | =item Texas |
4e860d0a | 890 | |
5df44211 | 891 | http://ftp.sedl.org/pub/mirrors/CPAN/ |
5c5c2539 | 892 | http://www.binarycode.org/cpan |
5df44211 | 893 | ftp://mirror.telentente.com/pub/CPAN |
5c5c2539 | 894 | http://mirrors.theonlinerecordstore.com/CPAN |
4e860d0a | 895 | |
5df44211 | 896 | =item Utah |
4e860d0a | 897 | |
5df44211 | 898 | ftp://mirror.xmission.com/CPAN/ |
4e860d0a | 899 | |
5df44211 | 900 | =item Virginia |
4e860d0a | 901 | |
7a142657 JH |
902 | http://cpan-du.viaverio.com/ |
903 | ftp://cpan-du.viaverio.com/pub/CPAN/ | |
5df44211 JH |
904 | http://mirrors.rcn.net/pub/lang/CPAN/ |
905 | ftp://mirrors.rcn.net/pub/lang/CPAN/ | |
906 | http://perl.secsup.org/ | |
907 | ftp://perl.secsup.org/pub/perl/ | |
5c5c2539 | 908 | http://noc.cvaix.com/mirrors/CPAN/ |
4e860d0a | 909 | |
5c5c2539 | 910 | =item Washington |
4e860d0a | 911 | |
5df44211 JH |
912 | http://cpan.llarian.net/ |
913 | ftp://cpan.llarian.net/pub/CPAN/ | |
914 | http://cpan.mirrorcentral.com/ | |
915 | ftp://ftp.mirrorcentral.com/pub/CPAN/ | |
916 | ftp://ftp-mirror.internap.com/pub/CPAN/ | |
d4858812 | 917 | |
5df44211 | 918 | =item Wisconsin |
d4858812 | 919 | |
5df44211 JH |
920 | http://mirror.sit.wisc.edu/pub/CPAN/ |
921 | ftp://mirror.sit.wisc.edu/pub/CPAN/ | |
7a142657 JH |
922 | http://mirror.aphix.com/CPAN |
923 | ftp://mirror.aphix.com/pub/CPAN | |
4e860d0a JH |
924 | |
925 | =back | |
926 | ||
5c5c2539 JH |
927 | =back |
928 | ||
4e860d0a JH |
929 | =head2 Oceania |
930 | ||
931 | =over 4 | |
932 | ||
5df44211 | 933 | =item Australia |
4e860d0a | 934 | |
5df44211 JH |
935 | http://ftp.planetmirror.com/pub/CPAN/ |
936 | ftp://ftp.planetmirror.com/pub/CPAN/ | |
937 | ftp://mirror.aarnet.edu.au/pub/perl/CPAN/ | |
938 | ftp://cpan.topend.com.au/pub/CPAN/ | |
7a142657 | 939 | http://cpan.mirrors.ilisys.com.au |
4e860d0a | 940 | |
5df44211 | 941 | =item New Zealand |
d4858812 | 942 | |
5df44211 | 943 | ftp://ftp.auckland.ac.nz/pub/perl/CPAN/ |
5c5c2539 JH |
944 | |
945 | =item United States | |
946 | ||
947 | http://aniani.ifa.hawaii.edu/CPAN/ | |
948 | ftp://aniani.ifa.hawaii.edu/CPAN/ | |
4e860d0a JH |
949 | |
950 | =back | |
951 | ||
952 | =head2 South America | |
953 | ||
954 | =over 4 | |
955 | ||
5df44211 | 956 | =item Argentina |
4e860d0a | 957 | |
5df44211 | 958 | ftp://mirrors.bannerlandia.com.ar/mirrors/CPAN/ |
5c5c2539 JH |
959 | http://www.linux.org.ar/mirrors/cpan |
960 | ftp://ftp.linux.org.ar/mirrors/cpan | |
4e860d0a | 961 | |
5df44211 | 962 | =item Brazil |
4e860d0a | 963 | |
5df44211 JH |
964 | ftp://cpan.pop-mg.com.br/pub/CPAN/ |
965 | ftp://ftp.matrix.com.br/pub/perl/CPAN/ | |
5c5c2539 JH |
966 | http://cpan.hostsul.com.br/ |
967 | ftp://cpan.hostsul.com.br/ | |
4e860d0a | 968 | |
5df44211 | 969 | =item Chile |
4e860d0a | 970 | |
5df44211 JH |
971 | http://cpan.netglobalis.net/ |
972 | ftp://cpan.netglobalis.net/pub/CPAN/ | |
2e1d04bc JH |
973 | |
974 | =back | |
975 | ||
5df44211 JH |
976 | =head2 RSYNC Mirrors |
977 | ||
7a142657 JH |
978 | www.linux.org.ar::cpan |
979 | theoryx5.uwinnipeg.ca::CPAN | |
980 | ftp.shellhung.org::CPAN | |
981 | rsync.nic.funet.fi::CPAN | |
982 | ftp.u-paris10.fr::CPAN | |
983 | mir1.ovh.net::CPAN | |
984 | rsync://ftp.crihan.fr::CPAN | |
985 | ftp.gwdg.de::FTP/languages/perl/CPAN/ | |
986 | ftp.leo.org::CPAN | |
987 | ftp.cbn.net.id::CPAN | |
988 | rsync://ftp.heanet.ie/mirrors/ftp.perl.org/pub/CPAN | |
989 | ftp.iglu.org.il::CPAN | |
990 | gusp.dyndns.org::cpan | |
991 | ftp.kddlabs.co.jp::cpan | |
992 | ftp.ayamura.org::pub/CPAN/ | |
993 | mirror.leafbug.org::CPAN | |
994 | rsync.en.com.sg::CPAN | |
995 | mirror.averse.net::cpan | |
996 | rsync.oss.eznetsols.org | |
997 | ftp.kr.FreeBSD.org::CPAN | |
998 | ftp.solnet.ch::CPAN | |
999 | cpan.cdpa.nsysu.edu.tw::CPAN | |
1000 | cpan.teleglobe.net::CPAN | |
1001 | rsync://rsync.mirror.anlx.net::CPAN | |
1002 | ftp.sedl.org::cpan | |
1003 | ibiblio.org::CPAN | |
1004 | cpan-du.viaverio.com::CPAN | |
1005 | aniani.ifa.hawaii.edu::CPAN | |
1006 | archive.progeny.com::CPAN | |
1007 | rsync://slugsite.louisville.edu::CPAN | |
1008 | mirror.aphix.com::CPAN | |
1009 | cpan.teleglobe.net::CPAN | |
1010 | ftp.lug.udel.edu::cpan | |
1011 | mirrors.kernel.org::mirrors/CPAN | |
1012 | mirrors.phenominet.com::CPAN | |
1013 | cpan.pair.com::CPAN | |
1014 | cpan-sj.viaverio.com::CPAN | |
1015 | mirror.csit.fsu.edu::CPAN | |
1016 | csociety-ftp.ecn.purdue.edu::CPAN | |
5df44211 | 1017 | |
2e1d04bc | 1018 | For an up-to-date listing of CPAN sites, |
4e860d0a | 1019 | see http://www.cpan.org/SITES or ftp://www.cpan.org/SITES . |
2e1d04bc JH |
1020 | |
1021 | =head1 Modules: Creation, Use, and Abuse | |
1022 | ||
1023 | (The following section is borrowed directly from Tim Bunce's modules | |
1024 | file, available at your nearest CPAN site.) | |
1025 | ||
1026 | Perl implements a class using a package, but the presence of a | |
1027 | package doesn't imply the presence of a class. A package is just a | |
1028 | namespace. A class is a package that provides subroutines that can be | |
1029 | used as methods. A method is just a subroutine that expects, as its | |
1030 | first argument, either the name of a package (for "static" methods), | |
1031 | or a reference to something (for "virtual" methods). | |
1032 | ||
1033 | A module is a file that (by convention) provides a class of the same | |
1034 | name (sans the .pm), plus an import method in that class that can be | |
1035 | called to fetch exported symbols. This module may implement some of | |
1036 | its methods by loading dynamic C or C++ objects, but that should be | |
1037 | totally transparent to the user of the module. Likewise, the module | |
1038 | might set up an AUTOLOAD function to slurp in subroutine definitions on | |
1039 | demand, but this is also transparent. Only the F<.pm> file is required to | |
1040 | exist. See L<perlsub>, L<perltoot>, and L<AutoLoader> for details about | |
1041 | the AUTOLOAD mechanism. | |
1042 | ||
1043 | =head2 Guidelines for Module Creation | |
1044 | ||
1045 | =over 4 | |
1046 | ||
ac634a9a JH |
1047 | =item * |
1048 | ||
1049 | Do similar modules already exist in some form? | |
2e1d04bc JH |
1050 | |
1051 | If so, please try to reuse the existing modules either in whole or | |
1052 | by inheriting useful features into a new class. If this is not | |
1053 | practical try to get together with the module authors to work on | |
1054 | extending or enhancing the functionality of the existing modules. | |
1055 | A perfect example is the plethora of packages in perl4 for dealing | |
1056 | with command line options. | |
1057 | ||
1058 | If you are writing a module to expand an already existing set of | |
1059 | modules, please coordinate with the author of the package. It | |
1060 | helps if you follow the same naming scheme and module interaction | |
1061 | scheme as the original author. | |
1062 | ||
ac634a9a JH |
1063 | =item * |
1064 | ||
1065 | Try to design the new module to be easy to extend and reuse. | |
2e1d04bc JH |
1066 | |
1067 | Try to C<use warnings;> (or C<use warnings qw(...);>). | |
1068 | Remember that you can add C<no warnings qw(...);> to individual blocks | |
1069 | of code that need less warnings. | |
1070 | ||
1071 | Use blessed references. Use the two argument form of bless to bless | |
1072 | into the class name given as the first parameter of the constructor, | |
1073 | e.g.,: | |
1074 | ||
1075 | sub new { | |
1076 | my $class = shift; | |
1077 | return bless {}, $class; | |
1078 | } | |
1079 | ||
1080 | or even this if you'd like it to be used as either a static | |
1081 | or a virtual method. | |
1082 | ||
1083 | sub new { | |
1084 | my $self = shift; | |
1085 | my $class = ref($self) || $self; | |
1086 | return bless {}, $class; | |
1087 | } | |
1088 | ||
1089 | Pass arrays as references so more parameters can be added later | |
1090 | (it's also faster). Convert functions into methods where | |
1091 | appropriate. Split large methods into smaller more flexible ones. | |
1092 | Inherit methods from other modules if appropriate. | |
1093 | ||
1094 | Avoid class name tests like: C<die "Invalid" unless ref $ref eq 'FOO'>. | |
1095 | Generally you can delete the C<eq 'FOO'> part with no harm at all. | |
1096 | Let the objects look after themselves! Generally, avoid hard-wired | |
1097 | class names as far as possible. | |
1098 | ||
1099 | Avoid C<< $r->Class::func() >> where using C<@ISA=qw(... Class ...)> and | |
1100 | C<< $r->func() >> would work (see L<perlbot> for more details). | |
1101 | ||
1102 | Use autosplit so little used or newly added functions won't be a | |
1103 | burden to programs that don't use them. Add test functions to | |
1104 | the module after __END__ either using AutoSplit or by saying: | |
1105 | ||
1106 | eval join('',<main::DATA>) || die $@ unless caller(); | |
1107 | ||
1108 | Does your module pass the 'empty subclass' test? If you say | |
1109 | C<@SUBCLASS::ISA = qw(YOURCLASS);> your applications should be able | |
1110 | to use SUBCLASS in exactly the same way as YOURCLASS. For example, | |
63acfd00 | 1111 | does your application still work if you change: C<< $obj = YOURCLASS->new(); >> |
1112 | into: C<< $obj = SUBCLASS->new(); >> ? | |
2e1d04bc JH |
1113 | |
1114 | Avoid keeping any state information in your packages. It makes it | |
1115 | difficult for multiple other packages to use yours. Keep state | |
1116 | information in objects. | |
1117 | ||
1118 | Always use B<-w>. | |
1119 | ||
1120 | Try to C<use strict;> (or C<use strict qw(...);>). | |
1121 | Remember that you can add C<no strict qw(...);> to individual blocks | |
1122 | of code that need less strictness. | |
1123 | ||
1124 | Always use B<-w>. | |
1125 | ||
1126 | Follow the guidelines in the perlstyle(1) manual. | |
1127 | ||
1128 | Always use B<-w>. | |
1129 | ||
ac634a9a JH |
1130 | =item * |
1131 | ||
1132 | Some simple style guidelines | |
2e1d04bc JH |
1133 | |
1134 | The perlstyle manual supplied with Perl has many helpful points. | |
1135 | ||
1136 | Coding style is a matter of personal taste. Many people evolve their | |
1137 | style over several years as they learn what helps them write and | |
1138 | maintain good code. Here's one set of assorted suggestions that | |
1139 | seem to be widely used by experienced developers: | |
1140 | ||
1141 | Use underscores to separate words. It is generally easier to read | |
1142 | $var_names_like_this than $VarNamesLikeThis, especially for | |
1143 | non-native speakers of English. It's also a simple rule that works | |
1144 | consistently with VAR_NAMES_LIKE_THIS. | |
1145 | ||
1146 | Package/Module names are an exception to this rule. Perl informally | |
1147 | reserves lowercase module names for 'pragma' modules like integer | |
1148 | and strict. Other modules normally begin with a capital letter and | |
1149 | use mixed case with no underscores (need to be short and portable). | |
1150 | ||
1151 | You may find it helpful to use letter case to indicate the scope | |
1152 | or nature of a variable. For example: | |
1153 | ||
1154 | $ALL_CAPS_HERE constants only (beware clashes with Perl vars) | |
1155 | $Some_Caps_Here package-wide global/static | |
1156 | $no_caps_here function scope my() or local() variables | |
1157 | ||
1158 | Function and method names seem to work best as all lowercase. | |
1159 | e.g., C<< $obj->as_string() >>. | |
1160 | ||
1161 | You can use a leading underscore to indicate that a variable or | |
1162 | function should not be used outside the package that defined it. | |
1163 | ||
ac634a9a JH |
1164 | =item * |
1165 | ||
1166 | Select what to export. | |
2e1d04bc JH |
1167 | |
1168 | Do NOT export method names! | |
1169 | ||
1170 | Do NOT export anything else by default without a good reason! | |
1171 | ||
1172 | Exports pollute the namespace of the module user. If you must | |
1173 | export try to use @EXPORT_OK in preference to @EXPORT and avoid | |
1174 | short or common names to reduce the risk of name clashes. | |
1175 | ||
1176 | Generally anything not exported is still accessible from outside the | |
1177 | module using the ModuleName::item_name (or C<< $blessed_ref->method >>) | |
1178 | syntax. By convention you can use a leading underscore on names to | |
1179 | indicate informally that they are 'internal' and not for public use. | |
1180 | ||
1181 | (It is actually possible to get private functions by saying: | |
1182 | C<my $subref = sub { ... }; &$subref;>. But there's no way to call that | |
1183 | directly as a method, because a method must have a name in the symbol | |
1184 | table.) | |
1185 | ||
1186 | As a general rule, if the module is trying to be object oriented | |
1187 | then export nothing. If it's just a collection of functions then | |
1188 | @EXPORT_OK anything but use @EXPORT with caution. | |
1189 | ||
ac634a9a JH |
1190 | =item * |
1191 | ||
1192 | Select a name for the module. | |
2e1d04bc JH |
1193 | |
1194 | This name should be as descriptive, accurate, and complete as | |
1195 | possible. Avoid any risk of ambiguity. Always try to use two or | |
1196 | more whole words. Generally the name should reflect what is special | |
1197 | about what the module does rather than how it does it. Please use | |
1198 | nested module names to group informally or categorize a module. | |
1199 | There should be a very good reason for a module not to have a nested name. | |
1200 | Module names should begin with a capital letter. | |
1201 | ||
1202 | Having 57 modules all called Sort will not make life easy for anyone | |
1203 | (though having 23 called Sort::Quick is only marginally better :-). | |
1204 | Imagine someone trying to install your module alongside many others. | |
1205 | If in any doubt ask for suggestions in comp.lang.perl.misc. | |
1206 | ||
1207 | If you are developing a suite of related modules/classes it's good | |
1208 | practice to use nested classes with a common prefix as this will | |
1209 | avoid namespace clashes. For example: Xyz::Control, Xyz::View, | |
1210 | Xyz::Model etc. Use the modules in this list as a naming guide. | |
1211 | ||
1212 | If adding a new module to a set, follow the original author's | |
1213 | standards for naming modules and the interface to methods in | |
1214 | those modules. | |
1215 | ||
4844a3be SP |
1216 | If developing modules for private internal or project specific use, |
1217 | that will never be released to the public, then you should ensure | |
1218 | that their names will not clash with any future public module. You | |
1219 | can do this either by using the reserved Local::* category or by | |
1220 | using a category name that includes an underscore like Foo_Corp::*. | |
1221 | ||
2e1d04bc JH |
1222 | To be portable each component of a module name should be limited to |
1223 | 11 characters. If it might be used on MS-DOS then try to ensure each is | |
1224 | unique in the first 8 characters. Nested modules make this easier. | |
1225 | ||
ac634a9a JH |
1226 | =item * |
1227 | ||
1228 | Have you got it right? | |
2e1d04bc JH |
1229 | |
1230 | How do you know that you've made the right decisions? Have you | |
1231 | picked an interface design that will cause problems later? Have | |
1232 | you picked the most appropriate name? Do you have any questions? | |
1233 | ||
1234 | The best way to know for sure, and pick up many helpful suggestions, | |
1235 | is to ask someone who knows. Comp.lang.perl.misc is read by just about | |
1236 | all the people who develop modules and it's the best place to ask. | |
1237 | ||
1238 | All you need to do is post a short summary of the module, its | |
1239 | purpose and interfaces. A few lines on each of the main methods is | |
1240 | probably enough. (If you post the whole module it might be ignored | |
1241 | by busy people - generally the very people you want to read it!) | |
1242 | ||
1243 | Don't worry about posting if you can't say when the module will be | |
1244 | ready - just say so in the message. It might be worth inviting | |
1245 | others to help you, they may be able to complete it for you! | |
1246 | ||
ac634a9a JH |
1247 | =item * |
1248 | ||
1249 | README and other Additional Files. | |
2e1d04bc JH |
1250 | |
1251 | It's well known that software developers usually fully document the | |
1252 | software they write. If, however, the world is in urgent need of | |
1253 | your software and there is not enough time to write the full | |
1254 | documentation please at least provide a README file containing: | |
1255 | ||
1256 | =over 10 | |
1257 | ||
1258 | =item * | |
ac634a9a | 1259 | |
2e1d04bc JH |
1260 | A description of the module/package/extension etc. |
1261 | ||
1262 | =item * | |
ac634a9a | 1263 | |
2e1d04bc JH |
1264 | A copyright notice - see below. |
1265 | ||
1266 | =item * | |
ac634a9a | 1267 | |
2e1d04bc JH |
1268 | Prerequisites - what else you may need to have. |
1269 | ||
1270 | =item * | |
ac634a9a | 1271 | |
2e1d04bc JH |
1272 | How to build it - possible changes to Makefile.PL etc. |
1273 | ||
1274 | =item * | |
ac634a9a | 1275 | |
2e1d04bc JH |
1276 | How to install it. |
1277 | ||
1278 | =item * | |
ac634a9a | 1279 | |
2e1d04bc JH |
1280 | Recent changes in this release, especially incompatibilities |
1281 | ||
1282 | =item * | |
ac634a9a | 1283 | |
2e1d04bc JH |
1284 | Changes / enhancements you plan to make in the future. |
1285 | ||
1286 | =back | |
1287 | ||
1288 | If the README file seems to be getting too large you may wish to | |
1289 | split out some of the sections into separate files: INSTALL, | |
1290 | Copying, ToDo etc. | |
1291 | ||
1292 | =over 4 | |
1293 | ||
c165c82a | 1294 | =item * |
2e1d04bc | 1295 | |
c165c82a | 1296 | Adding a Copyright Notice. |
ac634a9a | 1297 | |
2e1d04bc JH |
1298 | How you choose to license your work is a personal decision. |
1299 | The general mechanism is to assert your Copyright and then make | |
1300 | a declaration of how others may copy/use/modify your work. | |
1301 | ||
2a551100 JH |
1302 | Perl, for example, is supplied with two types of licence: The GNU GPL |
1303 | and The Artistic Licence (see the files README, Copying, and Artistic, | |
1304 | or L<perlgpl> and L<perlartistic>). Larry has good reasons for NOT | |
1305 | just using the GNU GPL. | |
2e1d04bc JH |
1306 | |
1307 | My personal recommendation, out of respect for Larry, Perl, and the | |
1308 | Perl community at large is to state something simply like: | |
1309 | ||
1310 | Copyright (c) 1995 Your Name. All rights reserved. | |
1311 | This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or | |
1312 | modify it under the same terms as Perl itself. | |
1313 | ||
1314 | This statement should at least appear in the README file. You may | |
1315 | also wish to include it in a Copying file and your source files. | |
1316 | Remember to include the other words in addition to the Copyright. | |
1317 | ||
ac634a9a JH |
1318 | =item * |
1319 | ||
1320 | Give the module a version/issue/release number. | |
2e1d04bc JH |
1321 | |
1322 | To be fully compatible with the Exporter and MakeMaker modules you | |
1323 | should store your module's version number in a non-my package | |
1324 | variable called $VERSION. This should be a floating point | |
1325 | number with at least two digits after the decimal (i.e., hundredths, | |
1326 | e.g, C<$VERSION = "0.01">). Don't use a "1.3.2" style version. | |
1327 | See L<Exporter> for details. | |
1328 | ||
1329 | It may be handy to add a function or method to retrieve the number. | |
1330 | Use the number in announcements and archive file names when | |
1331 | releasing the module (ModuleName-1.02.tar.Z). | |
1332 | See perldoc ExtUtils::MakeMaker.pm for details. | |
1333 | ||
ac634a9a JH |
1334 | =item * |
1335 | ||
1336 | How to release and distribute a module. | |
2e1d04bc JH |
1337 | |
1338 | It's good idea to post an announcement of the availability of your | |
1339 | module (or the module itself if small) to the comp.lang.perl.announce | |
1340 | Usenet newsgroup. This will at least ensure very wide once-off | |
1341 | distribution. | |
1342 | ||
1343 | If possible, register the module with CPAN. You should | |
1344 | include details of its location in your announcement. | |
1345 | ||
1346 | Some notes about ftp archives: Please use a long descriptive file | |
1347 | name that includes the version number. Most incoming directories | |
1348 | will not be readable/listable, i.e., you won't be able to see your | |
1349 | file after uploading it. Remember to send your email notification | |
1350 | message as soon as possible after uploading else your file may get | |
1351 | deleted automatically. Allow time for the file to be processed | |
1352 | and/or check the file has been processed before announcing its | |
1353 | location. | |
1354 | ||
1355 | FTP Archives for Perl Modules: | |
1356 | ||
1357 | Follow the instructions and links on: | |
1358 | ||
4e860d0a JH |
1359 | http://www.cpan.org/modules/00modlist.long.html |
1360 | http://www.cpan.org/modules/04pause.html | |
2e1d04bc JH |
1361 | |
1362 | or upload to one of these sites: | |
1363 | ||
1364 | https://pause.kbx.de/pause/ | |
1365 | http://pause.perl.org/pause/ | |
1366 | ||
1367 | and notify <modules@perl.org>. | |
1368 | ||
1369 | By using the WWW interface you can ask the Upload Server to mirror | |
1370 | your modules from your ftp or WWW site into your own directory on | |
1371 | CPAN! | |
1372 | ||
1373 | Please remember to send me an updated entry for the Module list! | |
1374 | ||
ac634a9a JH |
1375 | =item * |
1376 | ||
1377 | Take care when changing a released module. | |
2e1d04bc JH |
1378 | |
1379 | Always strive to remain compatible with previous released versions. | |
1380 | Otherwise try to add a mechanism to revert to the | |
1381 | old behavior if people rely on it. Document incompatible changes. | |
1382 | ||
1383 | =back | |
1384 | ||
1385 | =back | |
1386 | ||
1387 | =head2 Guidelines for Converting Perl 4 Library Scripts into Modules | |
1388 | ||
1389 | =over 4 | |
1390 | ||
ac634a9a JH |
1391 | =item * |
1392 | ||
1393 | There is no requirement to convert anything. | |
2e1d04bc JH |
1394 | |
1395 | If it ain't broke, don't fix it! Perl 4 library scripts should | |
1396 | continue to work with no problems. You may need to make some minor | |
1397 | changes (like escaping non-array @'s in double quoted strings) but | |
1398 | there is no need to convert a .pl file into a Module for just that. | |
1399 | ||
ac634a9a JH |
1400 | =item * |
1401 | ||
1402 | Consider the implications. | |
2e1d04bc JH |
1403 | |
1404 | All Perl applications that make use of the script will need to | |
1405 | be changed (slightly) if the script is converted into a module. Is | |
1406 | it worth it unless you plan to make other changes at the same time? | |
1407 | ||
ac634a9a JH |
1408 | =item * |
1409 | ||
1410 | Make the most of the opportunity. | |
2e1d04bc JH |
1411 | |
1412 | If you are going to convert the script to a module you can use the | |
1413 | opportunity to redesign the interface. The guidelines for module | |
1414 | creation above include many of the issues you should consider. | |
1415 | ||
ac634a9a JH |
1416 | =item * |
1417 | ||
1418 | The pl2pm utility will get you started. | |
2e1d04bc JH |
1419 | |
1420 | This utility will read *.pl files (given as parameters) and write | |
1421 | corresponding *.pm files. The pl2pm utilities does the following: | |
1422 | ||
1423 | =over 10 | |
1424 | ||
1425 | =item * | |
ac634a9a | 1426 | |
2e1d04bc JH |
1427 | Adds the standard Module prologue lines |
1428 | ||
1429 | =item * | |
ac634a9a | 1430 | |
2e1d04bc JH |
1431 | Converts package specifiers from ' to :: |
1432 | ||
1433 | =item * | |
ac634a9a | 1434 | |
2e1d04bc JH |
1435 | Converts die(...) to croak(...) |
1436 | ||
1437 | =item * | |
ac634a9a | 1438 | |
2e1d04bc JH |
1439 | Several other minor changes |
1440 | ||
1441 | =back | |
1442 | ||
1443 | Being a mechanical process pl2pm is not bullet proof. The converted | |
1444 | code will need careful checking, especially any package statements. | |
1445 | Don't delete the original .pl file till the new .pm one works! | |
1446 | ||
1447 | =back | |
1448 | ||
1449 | =head2 Guidelines for Reusing Application Code | |
1450 | ||
1451 | =over 4 | |
1452 | ||
ac634a9a JH |
1453 | =item * |
1454 | ||
1455 | Complete applications rarely belong in the Perl Module Library. | |
1456 | ||
1457 | =item * | |
2e1d04bc | 1458 | |
ac634a9a | 1459 | Many applications contain some Perl code that could be reused. |
2e1d04bc JH |
1460 | |
1461 | Help save the world! Share your code in a form that makes it easy | |
1462 | to reuse. | |
1463 | ||
ac634a9a JH |
1464 | =item * |
1465 | ||
1466 | Break-out the reusable code into one or more separate module files. | |
1467 | ||
1468 | =item * | |
1469 | ||
1470 | Take the opportunity to reconsider and redesign the interfaces. | |
2e1d04bc | 1471 | |
ac634a9a | 1472 | =item * |
2e1d04bc | 1473 | |
ac634a9a | 1474 | In some cases the 'application' can then be reduced to a small |
2e1d04bc JH |
1475 | |
1476 | fragment of code built on top of the reusable modules. In these cases | |
1477 | the application could invoked as: | |
1478 | ||
1479 | % perl -e 'use Module::Name; method(@ARGV)' ... | |
1480 | or | |
1481 | % perl -mModule::Name ... (in perl5.002 or higher) | |
1482 | ||
1483 | =back | |
1484 | ||
1485 | =head1 NOTE | |
1486 | ||
1487 | Perl does not enforce private and public parts of its modules as you may | |
1488 | have been used to in other languages like C++, Ada, or Modula-17. Perl | |
1489 | doesn't have an infatuation with enforced privacy. It would prefer | |
1490 | that you stayed out of its living room because you weren't invited, not | |
1491 | because it has a shotgun. | |
1492 | ||
1493 | The module and its user have a contract, part of which is common law, | |
1494 | and part of which is "written". Part of the common law contract is | |
1495 | that a module doesn't pollute any namespace it wasn't asked to. The | |
1496 | written contract for the module (A.K.A. documentation) may make other | |
1497 | provisions. But then you know when you C<use RedefineTheWorld> that | |
1498 | you're redefining the world and willing to take the consequences. | |
1499 | EOF | |
1500 | ||
1501 | close MANIFEST or warn "$0: failed to close MANIFEST (../MANIFEST): $!"; | |
b7da254d | 1502 | close OUT or warn "$0: failed to close OUT (perlmodlib.pod): $!"; |
2e1d04bc | 1503 |