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c2e66d9e | 1 | This document is written in pod format hence there are punctuation |
d1be9408 | 2 | characters in odd places. Do not worry, you've apparently got the |
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3 | ASCII->EBCDIC translation worked out correctly. You can read more |
4 | about pod in pod/perlpod.pod or the short summary in the INSTALL file. | |
5 | ||
6 | =head1 NAME | |
7 | ||
75b25ca1 | 8 | perlbs2000 - building and installing Perl for BS2000. |
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9 | |
10 | =head1 SYNOPSIS | |
11 | ||
12 | This document will help you Configure, build, test and install Perl | |
13 | on BS2000 in the POSIX subsystem. | |
14 | ||
15 | =head1 DESCRIPTION | |
16 | ||
17 | This is a ported perl for the POSIX subsystem in BS2000 VERSION OSD | |
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18 | V3.1A or later. It may work on other versions, but we started porting |
19 | and testing it with 3.1A and are currently using Version V4.0A. | |
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20 | |
21 | You may need the following GNU programs in order to install perl: | |
22 | ||
a83b6f46 | 23 | =head2 gzip on BS2000 |
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24 | |
25 | We used version 1.2.4, which could be installed out of the box with | |
26 | one failure during 'make check'. | |
27 | ||
a83b6f46 | 28 | =head2 bison on BS2000 |
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29 | |
30 | The yacc coming with BS2000 POSIX didn't work for us. So we had to | |
31 | use bison. We had to make a few changes to perl in order to use the | |
32 | pure (reentrant) parser of bison. We used version 1.25, but we had to | |
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33 | add a few changes due to EBCDIC. See below for more details |
34 | concerning yacc. | |
a1a0e61e | 35 | |
a83b6f46 | 36 | =head2 Unpacking Perl Distribution on BS2000 |
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37 | |
38 | To extract an ASCII tar archive on BS2000 POSIX you need an ASCII | |
39 | filesystem (we used the mountpoint /usr/local/ascii for this). Now | |
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40 | you extract the archive in the ASCII filesystem without |
41 | I/O-conversion: | |
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42 | |
43 | cd /usr/local/ascii | |
44 | export IO_CONVERSION=NO | |
45 | gunzip < /usr/local/src/perl.tar.gz | pax -r | |
46 | ||
47 | You may ignore the error message for the first element of the archive | |
48 | (this doesn't look like a tar archive / skipping to next file...), | |
c2e66d9e | 49 | it's only the directory which will be created automatically anyway. |
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50 | |
51 | After extracting the archive you copy the whole directory tree to your | |
c2e66d9e | 52 | EBCDIC filesystem. B<This time you use I/O-conversion>: |
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53 | |
54 | cd /usr/local/src | |
55 | IO_CONVERSION=YES | |
56 | cp -r /usr/local/ascii/perl5.005_02 ./ | |
57 | ||
a83b6f46 | 58 | =head2 Compiling Perl on BS2000 |
a1a0e61e | 59 | |
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60 | There is a "hints" file for BS2000 called hints.posix-bc (because |
61 | posix-bc is the OS name given by `uname`) that specifies the correct | |
62 | values for most things. The major problem is (of course) the EBCDIC | |
63 | character set. We have german EBCDIC version. | |
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64 | |
65 | Because of our problems with the native yacc we used GNU bison to | |
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66 | generate a pure (=reentrant) parser for perly.y. So our yacc is |
67 | really the following script: | |
a1a0e61e | 68 | |
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69 | -----8<-----/usr/local/bin/yacc-----8<----- |
70 | #! /usr/bin/sh | |
a1a0e61e | 71 | |
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72 | # Bison as a reentrant yacc: |
73 | ||
74 | # save parameters: | |
75 | params="" | |
76 | while [[ $# -gt 1 ]]; do | |
77 | params="$params $1" | |
78 | shift | |
79 | done | |
80 | ||
81 | # add flag %pure_parser: | |
82 | ||
83 | tmpfile=/tmp/bison.$$.y | |
84 | echo %pure_parser > $tmpfile | |
85 | cat $1 >> $tmpfile | |
86 | ||
87 | # call bison: | |
88 | ||
89 | echo "/usr/local/bin/bison --yacc $params $1\t\t\t(Pure Parser)" | |
90 | /usr/local/bin/bison --yacc $params $tmpfile | |
91 | ||
92 | # cleanup: | |
93 | ||
94 | rm -f $tmpfile | |
95 | -----8<----------8<----- | |
96 | ||
97 | We still use the normal yacc for a2p.y though!!! We made a softlink | |
98 | called byacc to distinguish between the two versions: | |
99 | ||
100 | ln -s /usr/bin/yacc /usr/local/bin/byacc | |
a1a0e61e | 101 | |
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102 | We build perl using GNU make. We tried the native make once and it |
103 | worked too. | |
a1a0e61e | 104 | |
a83b6f46 | 105 | =head2 Testing Perl on BS2000 |
a1a0e61e | 106 | |
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107 | We still got a few errors during C<make test>. Some of them are the |
108 | result of using bison. Bison prints I<parser error> instead of I<syntax | |
109 | error>, so we may ignore them. The following list shows | |
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110 | our errors, your results may differ: |
111 | ||
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112 | op/numconvert.......FAILED tests 1409-1440 |
113 | op/regexp...........FAILED tests 483, 496 | |
114 | op/regexp_noamp.....FAILED tests 483, 496 | |
a1a0e61e | 115 | pragma/overload.....FAILED tests 152-153, 170-171 |
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116 | pragma/warnings.....FAILED tests 14, 82, 129, 155, 192, 205, 207 |
117 | lib/bigfloat........FAILED tests 351-352, 355 | |
118 | lib/bigfltpm........FAILED tests 354-355, 358 | |
119 | lib/complex.........FAILED tests 267, 487 | |
120 | lib/dumper..........FAILED tests 43, 45 | |
121 | Failed 11/231 test scripts, 95.24% okay. 57/10595 subtests failed, 99.46% okay. | |
a1a0e61e | 122 | |
a83b6f46 | 123 | =head2 Installing Perl on BS2000 |
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124 | |
125 | We have no nroff on BS2000 POSIX (yet), so we ignored any errors while | |
126 | installing the documentation. | |
127 | ||
128 | ||
a83b6f46 | 129 | =head2 Using Perl in the Posix-Shell of BS2000 |
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130 | |
131 | BS2000 POSIX doesn't support the shebang notation | |
c2e66d9e | 132 | (C<#!/usr/local/bin/perl>), so you have to use the following lines |
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133 | instead: |
134 | ||
135 | : # use perl | |
136 | eval 'exec /usr/local/bin/perl -S $0 ${1+"$@"}' | |
137 | if $running_under_some_shell; | |
c2e66d9e | 138 | |
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139 | =head2 Using Perl in "native" BS2000 |
140 | ||
141 | We don't have much experience with this yet, but try the following: | |
142 | ||
143 | Copy your Perl executable to a BS2000 LLM using bs2cp: | |
144 | ||
145 | C<bs2cp /usr/local/bin/perl 'bs2:perl(perl,l)'> | |
146 | ||
147 | Now you can start it with the following (SDF) command: | |
148 | ||
149 | C</START-PROG FROM-FILE=*MODULE(PERL,PERL),PROG-MODE=*ANY,RUN-MODE=*ADV> | |
150 | ||
151 | First you get the BS2000 commandline prompt ('*'). Here you may enter | |
152 | your parameters, e.g. C<-e 'print "Hello World!\\n";'> (note the | |
153 | double backslash!) or C<-w> and the name of your Perl script. | |
d1be9408 | 154 | Filenames starting with C</> are searched in the Posix filesystem, |
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155 | others are searched in the BS2000 filesystem. You may even use |
156 | wildcards if you put a C<%> in front of your filename (e.g. C<-w | |
157 | checkfiles.pl %*.c>). Read your C/C++ manual for additional | |
158 | possibilities of the commandline prompt (look for | |
159 | PARAMETER-PROMPTING). | |
160 | ||
a83b6f46 | 161 | =head2 Floating point anomalies on BS2000 |
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162 | |
163 | There appears to be a bug in the floating point implementation on BS2000 POSIX | |
164 | systems such that calling int() on the product of a number and a small | |
165 | magnitude number is not the same as calling int() on the quotient of | |
166 | that number and a large magnitude number. For example, in the following | |
167 | Perl code: | |
168 | ||
169 | my $x = 100000.0; | |
170 | my $y = int($x * 1e-5) * 1e5; # '0' | |
171 | my $z = int($x / 1e+5) * 1e5; # '100000' | |
172 | print "\$y is $y and \$z is $z\n"; # $y is 0 and $z is 100000 | |
173 | ||
174 | Although one would expect the quantities $y and $z to be the same and equal | |
175 | to 100000 they will differ and instead will be 0 and 100000 respectively. | |
176 | ||
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177 | =head2 Using PerlIO and different encodings on ASCII and EBCDIC partitions |
178 | ||
179 | Since version 5.8 Perl uses the new PerlIO on BS2000. This enables | |
180 | you using different encodings per IO channel. For example you may use | |
181 | ||
182 | use Encode; | |
183 | open($f, ">:encoding(ascii)", "test.ascii"); | |
184 | print $f "Hello World!\n"; | |
185 | open($f, ">:encoding(posix-bc)", "test.ebcdic"); | |
186 | print $f "Hello World!\n"; | |
187 | open($f, ">:encoding(latin1)", "test.latin1"); | |
188 | print $f "Hello World!\n"; | |
189 | open($f, ">:encoding(utf8)", "test.utf8"); | |
190 | print $f "Hello World!\n"; | |
191 | ||
192 | to get two files containing "Hello World!\n" in ASCII, EBCDIC, ISO | |
193 | Latin-1 (in this example identical to ASCII) respective UTF-EBCDIC (in | |
194 | this example identical to normal EBCDIC). See the documentation of | |
195 | Encode::PerlIO for details. | |
196 | ||
197 | As the PerlIO layer uses raw IO internally, all this totally ignores | |
198 | the type of your filesystem (ASCII or EBCDIC) and the IO_CONVERSION | |
199 | environment variable. If you want to get the old behavior, that the | |
200 | BS2000 IO functions determine conversion depending on the filesystem | |
201 | PerlIO still is your friend. You use IO_CONVERSION as usual and tell | |
202 | Perl, that it should use the native IO layer: | |
203 | ||
204 | export IO_CONVERSION=YES | |
205 | export PERLIO=stdio | |
206 | ||
207 | Now your IO would be ASCII on ASCII partitions and EBCDIC on EBCDIC | |
208 | partitions. See the documentation of PerlIO (without C<Encode::>!) | |
f858446f | 209 | for further possibilities. |
756189a5 | 210 | |
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211 | =head1 AUTHORS |
212 | ||
213 | Thomas Dorner | |
214 | ||
215 | =head1 SEE ALSO | |
216 | ||
217 | L<INSTALL>, L<perlport>. | |
218 | ||
219 | =head2 Mailing list | |
220 | ||
043fec90 | 221 | If you are interested in the z/OS (formerly known as OS/390) |
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222 | and POSIX-BC (BS2000) ports of Perl then see the perl-mvs mailing list. |
223 | To subscribe, send an empty message to perl-mvs-subscribe@perl.org. | |
c2e66d9e | 224 | |
3f66d419 | 225 | See also: |
c2e66d9e | 226 | |
7d0fb9b8 | 227 | http://lists.perl.org/list/perl-mvs.html |
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228 | |
229 | There are web archives of the mailing list at: | |
230 | ||
231 | http://www.xray.mpe.mpg.de/mailing-lists/perl-mvs/ | |
232 | http://archive.develooper.com/perl-mvs@perl.org/ | |
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233 | |
234 | =head1 HISTORY | |
235 | ||
236 | This document was originally written by Thomas Dorner for the 5.005 | |
237 | release of Perl. | |
238 | ||
239 | This document was podified for the 5.6 release of perl 11 July 2000. | |
240 | ||
241 | =cut |