Fix two broken links in perldelta.

[perl5.git] / pod / perl5256delta.pod

=encoding utf8

=head1 NAME

perl5256delta - what is new for perl v5.25.6

=head1 DESCRIPTION

This document describes differences between the 5.25.5 release and the 5.25.6
release.

If you are upgrading from an earlier release such as 5.25.4, first read
L<perl5255delta>, which describes differences between 5.25.4 and 5.25.5.

=head1 Performance Enhancements

=over 4

=item *

Converting a single-digit string to a number is now substantially faster.

=item *

The internal op implementing the C<split> builtin has been simplified and
sped up. Firstly, it no longer requires a subsidiary internal C<pushre> op
to do its work. Secondly, code of the form C<my @x = split(...)> is now
optimised in the same way as C<@x = split(...)>, and is therefore a few
percent faster.

=back

=head1 Modules and Pragmata

=head2 Updated Modules and Pragmata

=over 4

=item *

L<Archive::Tar> has been upgraded from version 2.10 to 2.14.

=item *

L<attributes> has been upgraded from version 0.27 to 0.28.

=item *

L<B> has been upgraded from version 1.63 to 1.64.

=item *

L<B::Concise> has been upgraded from version 0.998 to 0.999.

Its output is now more descriptive for C<op_private> flags.

=item *

L<B::Deparse> has been upgraded from version 1.38 to 1.39.

=item *

L<Data::Dumper> has been upgraded from version 2.161 to 2.162.

=item *

L<Devel::Peek> has been upgraded from version 1.24 to 1.25.

=item *

L<HTTP::Tiny> has been upgraded from version 0.064 to 0.070.

Internal 599-series errors now include the redirect history.

=item *

L<List::Util> has been upgraded from version 1.45_01 to 1.46.

=item *

L<Module::CoreList> has been upgraded from version 5.20160920 to 5.20161020.

=item *

L<mro> has been upgraded from version 1.18 to 1.19.

=item *

L<Net::Ping> has been upgraded from version 2.44 to 2.51.

IPv6 addresses and C<AF_INET6> sockets are now supported, along with several
other enhancements.

=item *

L<Opcode> has been upgraded from version 1.37 to 1.38.

=item *

L<overload> has been upgraded from version 1.26 to 1.27.

Its compilation speed has been improved slightly.

=item *

L<parent> has been upgraded from version 0.234 to 0.236.

=item *

L<PerlIO::encoding> has been upgraded from version 0.24 to 0.25.

=item *

podlators has been upgraded from version 4.07 to 4.08.

=item *

L<POSIX> has been upgraded from version 1.72 to 1.73.

=item *

L<Scalar::Util> has been upgraded from version 1.45_01 to 1.46.

=item *

L<Storable> has been upgraded from version 2.57 to 2.58.

=item *

L<Test::Simple> has been upgraded from version 1.302056 to 1.302059.

=item *

L<Time::HiRes> has been upgraded from version 1.9739 to 1.9740_01.

It now builds on systems with C++11 compilers (such as G++ 6 and Clang++
3.9).

=item *

L<VMS::Stdio> has been upgraded from version 2.41 to 2.42.

=back

=head1 Diagnostics

The following additions or changes have been made to diagnostic output,
including warnings and fatal error messages.  For the complete list of
diagnostic messages, see L<perldiag>.

=head2 New Diagnostics

=head3 New Errors

=over 4

=item *

Using the empty pattern (which re-executes the last successfully-matched
pattern) inside a code block in another regex, as in C</(?{ s!!new! })/>, has
always previously yielded a segfault. It now produces an error: L<Use of the
empty pattern inside of a regex code block is forbidden|perldiag/"Use of the
empty pattern inside of a regex code block is forbidden">.

=back

=head2 Changes to Existing Diagnostics

=over 4

=item *

Details as to the exact problem have been added to the diagnostics that
occur when malformed UTF-8 is encountered when trying to convert to a
code point.

=item *

Executing C<undef $x> where C<$x> is tied or magical no longer incorrectly
blames the variable for an uninitialized-value warning encountered by the
tied/magical code.

=back

=head1 Configuration and Compilation

=over 4

=item *

Builds using C<USE_PAD_RESET> now work again; this configuration had
bit-rotted.

=back

=head1 Testing

=over 4

=item *

Some parts of the test suite that try to exhaustively test edge cases in the
regex implementation have been restricted to running for a maximum of five
minutes. On slow systems they could otherwise take several hours, without
significantly improving our understanding of the correctness of the code
under test.

In addition, some of those test cases have been split into more files, to
allow them to be run in parallel on suitable systems.

=item *

A new internal facility allows analysing the time taken by the individual
tests in Perl's own test suite; see F<Porting/harness-timer-report.pl>.

=back

=head1 Platform Support

=head2 New Platforms

=over 4

=item NetBSD/VAX

Perl now compiles under NetBSD on VAX machines.  However, it's not
possible for that platform to implement floating-point infinities and
NaNs compatibly with most modern systems, which implement the IEEE-754
floating point standard.  The hexadecimal floating point (C<0x...p[+-]n>
literals, C<printf %a>) is not implemented, either.
The C<make test> passes 98% of tests.

=back

=head1 Internal Changes

=over 4

=item *

The C<PADOFFSET> type has changed from being unsigned to signed, and
several pad-related variables such as C<PL_padix> have changed from being
of type C<I32> to type C<PADOFFSET>.

=item *

The function C<L<perlapi/utf8n_to_uvchr>> has been changed to not
abandon searching for other malformations when the first one is
encountered.  A call to it thus can generate multiple diagnostics,
instead of just one.

=item *

A new function, C<L<perlapi/utf8n_to_uvchr_error>>, has been added for
use by modules that need to know the details of UTF-8 malformations
beyond pass/fail.  Previously, the only ways to know why a sequence was
ill-formed was to capture and parse the generated diagnostics, or to do
your own analysis.

=item *

Several new functions for handling Unicode have been added to the API:
C<L<perlapi/is_strict_utf8_string>>,
C<L<perlapi/is_c9strict_utf8_string>>,
C<L<perlapi/is_utf8_string_flags>>,
C<L<perlapi/is_strict_utf8_string_loc>>,
C<L<perlapi/is_strict_utf8_string_loclen>>,
C<L<perlapi/is_c9strict_utf8_string_loc>>,
C<L<perlapi/is_c9strict_utf8_string_loclen>>,
C<L<perlapi/is_utf8_string_loc_flags>>,
C<L<perlapi/is_utf8_string_loclen_flags>>,
C<L<perlapi/is_utf8_fixed_width_buf_flags>>,
C<L<perlapi/is_utf8_fixed_width_buf_loc_flags>>,
C<L<perlapi/is_utf8_fixed_width_buf_loclen_flags>>.

These functions are all extensions of the C<is_utf8_string_*()> functions,
that apply various restrictions to the UTF-8 recognized as valid.

=item *

A new API function C<sv_setvpv_bufsize()> allows simultaneously setting the
length and allocated size of the buffer in an C<SV>, growing the buffer if
necessary.

=item *

A new API macro C<SvPVCLEAR()> sets its C<SV> argument to an empty string,
like Perl-space C<$x = ''>, but with several optimisations.

=item *

All parts of the internals now agree that the C<sassign> op is a C<BINOP>;
previously it was listed as a C<BASEOP> in F<regen/opcodes>, which meant
that several parts of the internals had to be special-cased to accommodate
it. This oddity's original motivation was to handle code like C<$x ||= 1>;
that is now handled in a simpler way.

=item *

Several new internal C macros have been added that take a string literal as
arguments, alongside existing routines that take the equivalent value as two
arguments, a character pointer and a length. The advantage of this is that
the length of the string is calculated automatically, rather than having to
be done manually. These routines are now used where appropriate across the
entire codebase.

=item *

The code in F<gv.c> that determines whether a variable has a special meaning
to Perl has been simplified.

=item *

The C<DEBUGGING>-mode output for regex compilation and execution has been
enhanced.

=back

=head1 Selected Bug Fixes

=over 4

=item *

A sub containing a "forward" declaration with the same name (e.g.,
C<sub c { sub c; }>) could sometimes crash or loop infinitely.  [perl
#129090]

=item *

A crash in executing a regex with a floating UTF-8 substring against a
target string that also used UTF-8 has been fixed. [perl #129350]

=item *

Previously, a shebang line like C<#!perl -i u> could be erroneously
interpreted as requesting the C<-u> option. This has been fixed. [perl
#129336]

=item *

The regex engine was previously producing incorrect results in some rare
situations when backtracking past a trie that matches only one thing; this
showed up as capture buffers (C<$1>, C<$2>, etc) erroneously containing data
from regex execution paths that weren't actually executed for the final
match.  [perl #129897]

=item *

Certain regexes making use of the experimental C<regex_sets> feature could
trigger an assertion failure. This has been fixed. [perl #129322]

=back

=head1 Acknowledgements

Perl 5.25.6 represents approximately 4 weeks of development since Perl 5.25.5
and contains approximately 16,000 lines of changes across 300 files from 23
authors.

Excluding auto-generated files, documentation and release tools, there were
approximately 10,000 lines of changes to 190 .pm, .t, .c and .h files.

Perl continues to flourish into its third decade thanks to a vibrant community
of users and developers. The following people are known to have contributed the
improvements that became Perl 5.25.6:

Aaron Crane, Andy Lester, Chris 'BinGOs' Williams, Dagfinn Ilmari Mannsåker,
Dan Collins, David Mitchell, François Perrad, Hugo van der Sanden, James E
Keenan, James Raspass, Jarkko Hietaniemi, Karl Williamson, Lukas Mai, Nicolas
R., Reini Urban, Sawyer X, Sergey Aleynikov, Stevan Little, Steve Hay, Steven
Humphrey, Thomas Sibley, Tony Cook, Yves Orton.

The list above is almost certainly incomplete as it is automatically generated
from version control history. In particular, it does not include the names of
the (very much appreciated) contributors who reported issues to the Perl bug
tracker.

Many of the changes included in this version originated in the CPAN modules
included in Perl's core. We're grateful to the entire CPAN community for
helping Perl to flourish.

For a more complete list of all of Perl's historical contributors, please see
the F<AUTHORS> file in the Perl source distribution.

=head1 Reporting Bugs

If you find what you think is a bug, you might check the perl bug database
at L<https://rt.perl.org/> .  There may also be information at
L<http://www.perl.org/> , the Perl Home Page.

If you believe you have an unreported bug, please run the L<perlbug> program
included with your release.  Be sure to trim your bug down to a tiny but
sufficient test case.  Your bug report, along with the output of C<perl -V>,
will be sent off to perlbug@perl.org to be analysed by the Perl porting team.

If the bug you are reporting has security implications which make it
inappropriate to send to a publicly archived mailing list, then see
L<perlsec/SECURITY VULNERABILITY CONTACT INFORMATION>
for details of how to report the issue.

=head1 SEE ALSO

The F<Changes> file for an explanation of how to view exhaustive details on
what changed.

The F<INSTALL> file for how to build Perl.

The F<README> file for general stuff.

The F<Artistic> and F<Copying> files for copyright information.

=cut