X-Git-Url: https://perl5.git.perl.org/perl5.git/blobdiff_plain/90b0b922bfc0b803c3769f65fbf086e6eab214fd..4ed8f5ed42a90a7dbd43926442681e37494b3477:/pod/perldelta.pod diff --git a/pod/perldelta.pod b/pod/perldelta.pod index 00a8e83..14d0a40 100644 --- a/pod/perldelta.pod +++ b/pod/perldelta.pod @@ -2,374 +2,57 @@ =head1 NAME -perldelta - what is new for perl v5.20.0 +[ this is a template for a new perldelta file. Any text flagged as XXX needs +to be processed before release. ] -=head1 DESCRIPTION - -This document describes differences between the 5.18.0 release and the -5.20.0 release. - -If you are upgrading from an earlier release such as 5.16.0, first read -L, which describes differences between 5.16.0 and 5.18.0. - -=head1 Core Enhancements - -=head2 Experimental Subroutine signatures - -Declarative syntax to unwrap argument list into lexical variables. -C checks the number of arguments and puts the -arguments into lexical variables. Signatures are not equivalent to -the existing idiom of C. Signatures -are only available by enabling a non-default feature, and generate -warnings about being experimental. The syntactic clash with -prototypes is managed by disabling the short prototype syntax when -signatures are enabled. - -See L for details. - -=head2 Cs now take a C attribute - -When declaring or defining a C, the prototype can now be specified inside -of a C attribute instead of in parens following the name. - -For example, C could be rewritten as -C. - -=head2 More consistent prototype parsing - -Multiple semicolons in subroutine prototypes have long been tolerated and -treated as a single semicolon. There was one case where this did not -happen. A subroutine whose prototype begins with "*" or ";*" can affect -whether a bareword is considered a method name or sub call. This now -applies also to ";;;*". - -Whitespace has long been allowed inside subroutine prototypes, so -C is equivalent to C, but until now it was stripped -when the subroutine was parsed. Hence, whitespace was I allowed in -prototypes set by C. Now it is permitted, -and the parser no longer strips whitespace. This means -C returns the original prototype, whitespace and all. - -=head2 C now uses a consistent random number generator - -Previously perl would use a platform specific random number generator, varying -between the libc rand(), random() or drand48(). - -This meant that the quality of perl's random numbers would vary from platform -to platform, from the 15 bits of rand() on Windows to 48-bits on POSIX -platforms such as Linux with drand48(). - -Perl now uses its own internal drand48() implementation on all platforms. This -does not make perl's C cryptographically secure. [perl #115928] - -=head2 New slice syntax - -The new C<%hash{...}> and C<%array[...]> syntax returns a list of key/value (or -index/value) pairs. See L. - -=head2 Experimental Postfix Dereferencing - -When the C feature is in effect, the following syntactical -equivalencies are set up: - - $sref->$*; # same as ${ $sref } # interpolates - $aref->@*; # same as @{ $aref } # interpolates - $href->%*; # same as %{ $href } - $cref->&*; # same as &{ $cref } - $gref->**; # same as *{ $gref } - - $aref->$#*; # same as $#{ $aref } - - $gref->*{ $slot }; # same as *{ $gref }{ $slot } - - $aref->@[ ... ]; # same as @$aref[ ... ] # interpolates - $href->@{ ... }; # same as @$href{ ... } # interpolates - $aref->%[ ... ]; # same as %$aref[ ... ] - $href->%{ ... }; # same as %$href{ ... } - -Those marked as interpolating only interpolate if the associated -C feature is also enabled. This feature is B and -will trigger C-category warnings when used, unless -they are suppressed. - -For more information, consult L. - -=head2 Unicode 6.3 now supported - -Perl now supports and is shipped with Unicode 6.3 (though Perl may be -recompiled with any previous Unicode release as well). A detailed list of -Unicode 6.3 changes is at L. - -=head2 New C<\p{Unicode}> regular expression pattern property - -This is a synonym for C<\p{Any}> and matches the set of Unicode-defined -code points 0 - 0x10FFFF. +perldelta - what is new for perl v5.21.1 -=head2 Better 64-bit support - -On 64-bit platforms, the internal array functions now use 64-bit offsets, -allowing Perl arrays to hold more than 2**31 elements, if you have the memory -available. - -The regular expression engine now supports strings longer than 2**31 -characters. [perl #112790, #116907] - -The functions PerlIO_get_bufsiz, PerlIO_get_cnt, PerlIO_set_cnt and -PerlIO_set_ptrcnt now have SSize_t, rather than int, return values and -parameters. - -=head2 C> now works on UTF-8 locales - -Until this release, only single-byte locales, such as the ISO 8859 -series were supported. Now, the increasingly common multi-byte UTF-8 -locales are also supported. A UTF-8 locale is one in which the -character set is Unicode and the encoding is UTF-8. The POSIX -C category operations (case changing (like C, C<"\U">), -and character classification (C<\w>, C<\D>, C)) under -such a locale work just as if not under locale, but instead as if under -C>, except taint rules are followed. -Sorting remains by code point order in this release. [perl #56820]. - -=head2 C> now compiles on systems without locale ability - -Previously doing this caused the program to not compile. Within its -scope the program behaves as if in the "C" locale. Thus programs -written for platforms that support locales can run on locale-less -platforms without change. Attempts to change the locale away from the -"C" locale will, of course, fail. - -=head2 More locale initialization fallback options - -If there was an error with locales during Perl start-up, it immediately -gave up and tried to use the C<"C"> locale. Now it first tries using -other locales given by the environment variables, as detailed in -L. For example, if C and C are -both set, and using the C locale fails, Perl will now try the -C locale, and only if that fails, will it fall back to C<"C">. On -Windows machines, Perl will try, ahead of using C<"C">, the system -default locale if all the locales given by environment variables fail. +=head1 DESCRIPTION -=head2 C<-DL> runtime option now added for tracing locale setting +This document describes differences between the 5.21.0 release and the 5.21.1 +release. -This is designed for Perl core developers to aid in field debugging bugs -regarding locales. +If you are upgrading from an earlier release such as 5.20.0, first read +L, which describes differences between 5.20.0 and 5.21.0. -=head2 B<-F> now implies B<-a> and B<-a> implies B<-n> +=head1 Notice -Previously B<-F> without B<-a> was a no-op, and B<-a> without B<-n> or B<-p> -was a no-op, with this change, if you supply B<-F> then both B<-a> and B<-n> -are implied and if you supply B<-a> then B<-n> is implied. +XXX Any important notices here -You can still use B<-p> for its extra behaviour. [perl #116190] +=head1 Core Enhancements -=head2 $a and $b warnings exemption +XXX New core language features go here. Summarize user-visible core language +enhancements. Particularly prominent performance optimisations could go +here, but most should go in the L section. -The special variables $a and $b, used in C, are now exempt from "used -once" warnings, even where C is not used. This makes it easier for -CPAN modules to provide functions using $a and $b for similar purposes. -[perl #120462] +[ List each enhancement as a =head2 entry ] =head1 Security -=head2 Avoid possible read of free()d memory during parsing +XXX Any security-related notices go here. In particular, any security +vulnerabilities closed should be noted here rather than in the +L section. -It was possible that free()d memory could be read during parsing in the unusual -circumstance of the Perl program ending with a heredoc and the last line of the -file on disk having no terminating newline character. This has now been fixed. +[ List each security issue as a =head2 entry ] =head1 Incompatible Changes -=head2 C can no longer be used to call subroutines - -The C form has resulted in a deprecation warning -since Perl v5.0.0, and is now a syntax error. - -=head2 Quote-like escape changes - -The character after C<\c> in a double-quoted string ("..." or qq(...)) -or regular expression must now be a printable character and may not be -C<{>. - -A literal C<{> after C<\B> or C<\b> is now fatal. - -These were deprecated in perl v5.14.0. - -=head2 Tainting happens under more circumstances; now conforms to documentation - -This affects regular expression matching and changing the case of a -string (C, C<"\U">, I.) within the scope of C. -The result is now tainted based on the operation, no matter what the -contents of the string were, as the documentation (L, -L) indicates it should. Previously, for the case -change operation, if the string contained no characters whose case -change could be affected by the locale, the result would not be tainted. -For example, the result of C on an empty string or one containing -only above-Latin1 code points is now tainted, and wasn't before. This -leads to more consistent tainting results. Regular expression patterns -taint their non-binary results (like C<$&>, C<$2>) if and only if the -pattern contains elements whose matching depends on the current -(potentially tainted) locale. Like the case changing functions, the -actual contents of the string being matched now do not matter, whereas -formerly it did. For example, if the pattern contains a C<\w>, the -results will be tainted even if the match did not have to use that -portion of the pattern to succeed or fail, because what a C<\w> matches -depends on locale. However, for example, a C<.> in a pattern will not -enable tainting, because the dot matches any single character, and what -the current locale is doesn't change in any way what matches and what -doesn't. - -=head2 C<\p{}>, C<\P{}> matching has changed for non-Unicode code -points. - -C<\p{}> and C<\P{}> are defined by Unicode only on Unicode-defined code -points (C through C). Their behavior on matching -these legal Unicode code points is unchanged, but there are changes for -code points C<0x110000> and above. Previously, Perl treated the result -of matching C<\p{}> and C<\P{}> against these as C, which -translates into "false". For C<\P{}>, this was then complemented into -"true". A warning was supposed to be raised when this happened. -However, various optimizations could prevent the warning, and the -results were often counter-intuitive, with both a match and its seeming -complement being false. Now all non-Unicode code points are treated as -typical unassigned Unicode code points. This generally is more -Do-What-I-Mean. A warning is raised only if the results are arguably -different from a strict Unicode approach, and from what Perl used to do. -Code that needs to be strictly Unicode compliant can make this warning -fatal, and then Perl always raises the warning. - -Details are in L. - -=head2 C<\p{All}> has been expanded to match all possible code points - -The Perl-defined regular expression pattern element C<\p{All}>, unused -on CPAN, used to match just the Unicode code points; now it matches all -possible code points; that is, it is equivalent to C. Thus -C<\p{All}> is no longer synonymous with C<\p{Any}>, which continues to -match just the Unicode code points, as Unicode says it should. - -=head2 Data::Dumper's output may change - -Depending on the data structures dumped and the settings set for -Data::Dumper, the dumped output may have changed from previous -versions. - -If you have tests that depend on the exact output of Data::Dumper, -they may fail. - -To avoid this problem in your code, test against the data structure -from evaluating the dumped structure, instead of the dump itself. - -=head2 Locale decimal point character no longer leaks outside of S> scope - -This is actually a bug fix, but some code has come to rely on the bug -being present, so this change is listed here. The current locale that -the program is running under is not supposed to be visible to Perl code -except within the scope of a S>. However, until now under -certain circumstances, the character used for a decimal point (often a -comma) leaked outside the scope. If your code is affected by this -change, simply add a S>. - -=head2 Assignments of Windows sockets error codes to $! now prefer F values over WSAGetLastError() values - -In previous versions of Perl, Windows sockets error codes as returned by -WSAGetLastError() were assigned to $!, and some constants such as ECONNABORTED, -not in F in VC++ (or the various Windows ports of gcc) were defined to -corresponding WSAE* values to allow $! to be tested against the E* constants -exported by L and L. - -This worked well until VC++ 2010 and later, which introduced new E* constants -with values E 100 into F, including some being (re)defined by perl -to WSAE* values. That caused problems when linking XS code against other -libraries which used the original definitions of F constants. - -To avoid this incompatibility, perl now maps WSAE* error codes to E* values -where possible, and assigns those values to $!. The E* constants exported by -L and L are updated to match so that testing $! against them, -wherever previously possible, will continue to work as expected, and all E* -constants found in F are now exported from those modules with their -original F values. - -In order to avoid breakage in existing Perl code which assigns WSAE* values to -$!, perl now intercepts the assignment and performs the same mapping to E* -values as it uses internally when assigning to $! itself. - -However, one backwards-incompatibility remains: existing Perl code which -compares $! against the numeric values of the WSAE* error codes that were -previously assigned to $! will now be broken in those cases where a -corresponding E* value has been assigned instead. This is only an issue for -those E* values E 100, which were always exported from L and -L with their original F values, and therefore could not be used -for WSAE* error code tests (e.g. WSAEINVAL is 10022, but the corresponding -EINVAL is 22). (E* values E 100, if present, were redefined to WSAE* -values anyway, so compatibility can be achieved by using the E* constants, -which will work both before and after this change, albeit using different -numeric values under the hood.) - -=head2 Functions C and C have been removed - -These two functions, undocumented, unused in CPAN, and problematic, have been -removed. - -=head1 Deprecations - -=head2 The C character class - -The C regular expression character class is deprecated. From perl -5.22 onwards it will generate a warning, and from perl 5.24 onwards it -will be a regular expression compiler error. If you need to examine the -individual bytes that make up a UTF8-encoded character, then use -C on the string (or a copy) first. - -=head2 Literal control characters in variable names +XXX For a release on a stable branch, this section aspires to be: -This deprecation affects things like $\cT, where \cT is a literal control (such -as a C or C character) in -the source code. Surprisingly, it appears that originally this was intended as -the canonical way of accessing variables like $^T, with the caret form only -being added as an alternative. + There are no changes intentionally incompatible with 5.XXX.XXX + If any exist, they are bugs, and we request that you submit a + report. See L below. -The literal control form is being deprecated for two main reasons. It has what -are likely unfixable bugs, such as $\cI not working as an alias for $^I, and -their usage not being portable to non-ASCII platforms: While $^T will work -everywhere, \cT is whitespace in EBCDIC. [perl #119123] +[ List each incompatible change as a =head2 entry ] -=head2 References to non-integers and non-positive integers in C<$/> - -Setting C<$/> to a reference to zero or a reference to a negative integer is -now deprecated, and will behave B as though it was set to C. -If you want slurp behavior set C<$/> to C explicitly. - -Setting C<$/> to a reference to a non integer is now forbidden and will -throw an error. Perl has never documented what would happen in this -context and while it used to behave the same as setting C<$/> to -the address of the references in future it may behave differently, so we -have forbidden this usage. - -=head2 Character matching routines in POSIX - -Use of any of these functions in the C module is now deprecated: -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, and C. The -functions are buggy and don't work on UTF-8 encoded strings. See their -entries in L for more information. - -A warning is raised on the first call to any of them from each place in -the code that they are called. (Hence a repeated statement in a loop -will raise just the one warning.) - -=head2 Interpreter-based threads are now I - -The "interpreter-based threads" provided by Perl are not the fast, lightweight -system for multitasking that one might expect or hope for. Threads are -implemented in a way that make them easy to misuse. Few people know how to -use them correctly or will be able to provide help. +=head1 Deprecations -The use of interpreter-based threads in perl is officially -L. +XXX Any deprecated features, syntax, modules etc. should be listed here. =head2 Module removals +XXX Remove this section if inapplicable. + The following modules will be removed from the core distribution in a future release, and will at that time need to be installed from CPAN. Distributions on CPAN which require these modules will need to list them as @@ -379,184 +62,54 @@ The core versions of these modules will now issue C<"deprecated">-category warnings to alert you to this fact. To silence these deprecation warnings, install the modules in question from CPAN. -Note that the planned removal of these modules from core does not reflect a -judgement about the quality of the code and should not be taken as a suggestion -that their use be halted. Their disinclusion from core primarily hinges on -their necessity to bootstrapping a fully functional, CPAN-capable Perl -installation, not on concerns over their design. +Note that these are (with rare exceptions) fine modules that you are encouraged +to continue to use. Their disinclusion from core primarily hinges on their +necessity to bootstrapping a fully functional, CPAN-capable Perl installation, +not usually on concerns over their design. =over -=item L and its associated CGI:: packages - -=item L +=item XXX -=item L - -=item L and its associated Module::Build:: packages +XXX Note that deprecated modules should be listed here even if they are listed +as an updated module in the L section. =back -=head1 Performance Enhancements - -=over 4 - -=item * - -Perl has a new copy-on-write mechanism that avoids the need to copy the -internal string buffer when assigning from one scalar to another. This -makes copying large strings appear much faster. Modifying one of the two -(or more) strings after an assignment will force a copy internally. This -makes it unnecessary to pass strings by reference for efficiency. - -This feature was already available in 5.18.0, but wasn't enabled by -default. It is the default now, and so you no longer need build perl with -the F argument: - - -Accflags=-DPERL_NEW_COPY_ON_WRITE - -It can be disabled (for now) in a perl build with: - - -Accflags=-DPERL_NO_COW - -On some operating systems Perl can be compiled in such a way that any -attempt to modify string buffers shared by multiple SVs will crash. This -way XS authors can test that their modules handle copy-on-write scalars -correctly. See L for detail. - -=item * - -Perl has an optimizer for regular expression patterns. It analyzes the pattern -to find things such as the minimum length a string has to be to match, etc. It -now better handles code points that are above the Latin1 range. - -=item * - -Executing a regex that contains the C<^> anchor (or its variant under the -C flag) has been made much faster in several situations. - -=item * - -Precomputed hash values are now used in more places during method lookup. - -=item * - -Constant hash key lookups (C<$hash{key}> as opposed to C<$hash{$key}>) have -long had the internal hash value computed at compile time, to speed up -lookup. This optimisation has only now been applied to hash slices as -well. - -=item * - -Combined C and C operators in void context, like those -generated for C<< unless ($a && $b) >> and C<< if ($a || b) >> now -short circuit directly to the end of the statement. [perl #120128] - -=item * - -In certain situations, when C is the last statement in a subroutine's -main scope, it will be optimized out. This means code like: - - sub baz { return $cat; } - -will now behave like: - - sub baz { $cat; } - -which is notably faster. - -[perl #120765] - -=item * - -Code like: - - my $x; # or @x, %x - my $y; - -is now optimized to: - - my ($x, $y); - -In combination with the L, this means longer uninitialized my -variable statements are also optimized, so: - - my $x; my @y; my %z; - -becomes: - - my ($x, @y, %z); - -[perl #121077] - -=item * - -The creation of certain sorts of lists, including array and hash slices, is now -faster. - -=item * - -The optimisation for arrays indexed with a small constant integer is now -applied for integers in the range -128..127, rather than 0..255. This should -speed up Perl code using expressions like C<$x[-1]>, at the expense of -(presumably much rarer) code using expressions like C<$x[200]>. - -=item * - -The first iteration over a large hash (using C or C) is now -faster. This is achieved by preallocating the hash's internal iterator -state, rather than lazily creating it when the hash is first iterated. (For -small hashes, the iterator is still created only when first needed. The -assumption is that small hashes are more likely to be used as objects, and -therefore never allocated. For large hashes, that's less likely to be true, -and the cost of allocating the iterator is swamped by the cost of allocating -space for the hash itself.) - -=item * - -When doing a global regex match on a string that came from the C -or CE> operator, the data is no longer copied unnecessarily. -[perl #121259] - -=item * - -Dereferencing (as in C<$obj-E[0]> or C<$obj-E{k}>) is now faster -when C<$obj> is an instance of a class that has overloaded methods, but -doesn't overload any of the dereferencing methods C<@{}>, C<%{}>, and so on. +[ List each other deprecation as a =head2 entry ] -=item * +=head1 Performance Enhancements -Perl's optimiser no longer skips optimising code that follows certain -C expressions (including those with an apparent infinite loop). +XXX Changes which enhance performance without changing behaviour go here. +There may well be none in a stable release. -=item * +[ List each enhancement as a =item entry ] -The implementation now does a better job of avoiding meaningless work at -runtime. Internal effect-free "null" operations (created as a side-effect of -parsing Perl programs) are normally deleted during compilation. That -deletion is now applied in some situations that weren't previously handled. +=over 4 =item * -Perl now does less disk I/O when dealing with Unicode properties that cover -up to three ranges of consecutive code points. +XXX =back =head1 Modules and Pragmata -=head2 New Modules and Pragmata +XXX All changes to installed files in F, F, F and F +go here. If Module::CoreList is updated, generate an initial draft of the +following sections using F. A paragraph summary +for important changes should then be added by hand. In an ideal world, +dual-life modules would have a F file that could be cribbed. -=over 4 +[ Within each section, list entries as a =item entry ] -=item * +=head2 New Modules and Pragmata -L 0.007 has been added to the Perl core. +=over 4 =item * -L 0.29 has been added to the Perl core. +XXX =back @@ -566,3104 +119,332 @@ L 0.29 has been added to the Perl core. =item * -L has been upgraded from version 1.90 to 1.96. - -=item * +L has been upgraded from version 1.3301 to 1.34. -L has been upgraded from version 0.06 to 0.07. +Carp::Heavy now ignores version mismatches with Carp if Carp is newer +than 1.12, since Carp::Heavy's guts were merged into Carp at that +point. +L<[perl #121574]|https://rt.perl.org/Ticket/Display.html?id=121574> =item * -L has been upgraded from version 0.94 to 0.96. - -=item * +L has been upgraded from version 5.88 to 5.91. -L has been upgraded from version 0.21 to 0.22. +Numerous enhancements, bug fixes and performance improvements have been made. +See the F file in the CPAN distribution for full details. =item * -L has been upgraded from version 2.13 to 2.23. - -=item * +L has been upgraded from version 1.9993 to 1.9994. -L has been upgraded from version 5.73 to 5.74. +Synchronize POD changes from the CPAN release. =item * -L has been upgraded from version 1.07 to 1.08. - -=item * +L has been upgraded from version 0.2606 to 0.2607. -L has been upgraded from version 1.42 to 1.48. +Synchronize POD changes from the CPAN release. =item * -L has been upgraded from version 0.95 to 0.992. +L has been upgraded from version 1.44 to 1.45. -=item * +fork() in the debugger under C will now create a new window for +the forked process. L<[perl +#121333]|https://rt.perl.org/Ticket/Display.html?id=121333> -L has been upgraded from version 1.18 to 1.19. +The debugger now saves the current working directory on startup and +restores it when you restart your program with C or . L<[perl +#121509]|https://rt.perl.org/Ticket/Display.html?id=121509> =item * -L has been upgraded from version 1.20 to 1.26. - -=item * +L has been upgraded from version 1.15 to 1.16. -L has been upgraded from version 2.18 to 2.22. +The last resort attempt to fake up a termcap from terminfo now works. =item * -L has been upgraded from version 1.15 to 1.18. +L has been upgraded from version 1.04 to 1.07. -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 0.33 to 0.37. +Version 0.67's improved discontiguous contractions is invalidated by default +and is supported as a parameter 'long_contraction'. =item * -L has been upgraded from version 1.29 to 1.3301. +L has been upgraded from version 1.17 to 1.18. -=item * +The XSUB implementation has been removed in favour of pure Perl. -L has been upgraded from version 3.63 to 3.65. -NOTE: L is deprecated and may be removed from a future version of Perl. +=back -=item * +=head2 Removed Modules and Pragmata -L has been upgraded from version 1.36 to 1.40. +=over 4 =item * -L has been upgraded from version 0.64 to 0.65. - -=item * +XXX -L has been upgraded from version 2.060 to 2.064. +=back -=item * +=head1 Documentation -L has been upgraded from version 2.060 to 2.065. +XXX Changes to files in F go here. Consider grouping entries by +file and be sure to link to the appropriate page, e.g. L. -=item * +=head2 New Documentation -L has been upgraded from version 0.17 to 0.20. +XXX Changes which create B files in F go here. -=item * +=head3 L -L has been upgraded from version 1.27 to 1.31. +XXX Description of the purpose of the new file here -=item * +=head2 Changes to Existing Documentation -L has been upgraded from version 2.00 to 2.05. +XXX Changes which significantly change existing files in F go here. +However, any changes to F should go in the L +section. -=item * +=head3 L -L has been upgraded from version 2.120921 to 2.140640. +=over 4 =item * -L has been upgraded from version 2.122 to 2.125. +XXX Description of the change here -=item * +=back -L has been upgraded from version 0.008 to 0.012. +=head1 Diagnostics -=item * +The following additions or changes have been made to diagnostic output, +including warnings and fatal error messages. For the complete list of +diagnostic messages, see L. -L has been upgraded from version 2.145 to 2.151. +XXX New or changed warnings emitted by the core's C code go here. Also +include any changes in L that reconcile it to the C code. -=item * +=head2 New Diagnostics -L has been upgraded from version 1.04 to 1.07. +XXX Newly added diagnostic messages go under here, separated into New Errors +and New Warnings -=item * +=head3 New Errors -L has been upgraded from version 1.827 to 1.831. +=over 4 =item * -L has been upgraded from version 0.05 to 0.06. - -=item * +XXX L -L has been upgraded from version 0.02 to 0.03. +=back -=item * +=head3 New Warnings -L has been upgraded from version 1.11 to 1.16. +=over 4 =item * -L has been upgraded from version 3.20 to 3.21. +XXX L -=item * +=back -L has been upgraded from version 1.31 to 1.34. +=head2 Changes to Existing Diagnostics -=item * +XXX Changes (i.e. rewording) of diagnostic messages go here -L has been upgraded from version 2.52 to 2.53. +=over 4 =item * -L has been upgraded from version 5.84 to 5.88. - -=item * +L -L has been upgraded from version 1.18 to 1.25. +This warning is now only produced when the newline is at the end of +the filename. -=item * +=back -L has been upgraded from version 2.49 to 2.60. +=head1 Utility Changes -=item * +XXX Changes to installed programs such as F and F go here. +Most of these are built within the directories F and F. -L has been upgraded from version 2.6_01 to 2.12. +[ List utility changes as a =head2 entry for each utility and =item +entries for each change +Use L with program names to get proper documentation linking. ] -=item * +=head2 L -L has been upgraded from version 1.06 to 1.09. +=over 4 =item * -L has been upgraded from version 1.18 to 1.20_03. - -=item * +XXX -L has been upgraded from version 5.68 to 5.70. +=back -=item * +=head1 Configuration and Compilation -L has been upgraded from version 0.280210 to 0.280216. +XXX Changes to F, F, F, and analogous tools +go here. Any other changes to the Perl build process should be listed here. +However, any platform-specific changes should be listed in the +L section, instead. -=item * +[ List changes as a =item entry ]. -L has been upgraded from version 1.17 to 1.18. +=over 4 =item * -L has been upgraded from version 1.30 to 1.32. +XXX -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 1.59 to 1.67. +=back -=item * +=head1 Testing -L has been upgraded from version 6.66 to 6.98. +XXX Any significant changes to the testing of a freshly built perl should be +listed here. Changes which create B files in F go here as do any +large changes to the testing harness (e.g. when parallel testing was added). +Changes to existing files in F aren't worth summarizing, although the bugs +that they represent may be covered elsewhere. -=item * +[ List each test improvement as a =item entry ] -L has been upgraded from version to 1.01. +=over 4 =item * -L has been upgraded from version 3.18 to 3.24. +XXX -=item * +=back -L has been upgraded from version 3.19 to 3.24. +=head1 Platform Support -=item * +XXX Any changes to platform support should be listed in the sections below. -L has been upgraded from version 1.2 to 1.3. +[ Within the sections, list each platform as a =item entry with specific +changes as paragraphs below it. ] -=item * +=head2 New Platforms -L has been upgraded from version 1.32 to 1.36. +XXX List any platforms that this version of perl compiles on, that previous +versions did not. These will either be enabled by new files in the F +directories, or new subdirectories and F files at the top level of the +source tree. -=item * +=over 4 -L has been upgraded from version 2.16 to 2.17. +=item XXX-some-platform -=item * +XXX -L has been upgraded from version 2.84 to 2.85. +=back -=item * +=head2 Discontinued Platforms -L has been upgraded from version 2.26 to 2.29. +XXX List any platforms that this version of perl no longer compiles on. -=item * +=over 4 -L has been upgraded from version 1.10 to 1.12. +=item XXX-some-platform -=item * +XXX -L has been upgraded from version 0.38 to 0.48. +=back -=item * +=head2 Platform-Specific Notes -L has been upgraded from version 1.23 to 1.27. +XXX List any changes for specific platforms. This could include configuration +and compilation changes or changes in portability/compatibility. However, +changes within modules for platforms should generally be listed in the +L section. -=item * +=over 4 -L has been upgraded from version 1.20 to 1.23. +=item XXX-some-platform -=item * +XXX -L has been upgraded from version 3.40 to 3.47. +=back -=item * +=head1 Internal Changes -L has been upgraded from version 0.23 to 0.2304. +XXX Changes which affect the interface available to C code go here. Other +significant internal changes for future core maintainers should be noted as +well. -=item * +[ List each change as a =item entry ] -L has been upgraded from version 1.08 to 1.09. +=over 4 =item * -L has been upgraded from version 0.89 to 0.91. - -=item * +XXX -L has been upgraded from version 1.45 to 1.49. +=back -=item * +=head1 Selected Bug Fixes -L has been upgraded from version 2.39 to 2.42. +XXX Important bug fixes in the core language are summarized here. Bug fixes in +files in F and F are best summarized in L. -=item * +[ List each fix as a =item entry ] -L has been upgraded from version 1.07 to 1.10. +=over 4 =item * -L has been upgraded from version 1.10 to 1.15. - -=item * +index() and rindex() no longer crash when used on strings over 2GB in +size. +L<[perl #121562]|https://rt.perl.org/Ticket/Display.html?id=121562>. -L has been upgraded from version 0.025 to 0.043. +=back -=item * +=head1 Known Problems -L has been upgraded from version 0.10 to 0.11. +XXX Descriptions of platform agnostic bugs we know we can't fix go here. Any +tests that had to be Ced for the release would be noted here. Unfixed +platform specific bugs also go here. -=item * +[ List each fix as a =item entry ] -L has been upgraded from version 0.39 to 0.40. +=over 4 =item * -L has been upgraded from version 0.0602 to 0.0603. +XXX -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 0.4003 to 0.4205. -NOTE: L is deprecated and may be removed from a future version of Perl. +=back -=item * +=head1 Errata From Previous Releases -L has been upgraded from version 1.00 to 1.01. +=over 4 =item * -L has been upgraded from version 1.28 to 1.31. - -=item * +XXX Add anything here that we forgot to add, or were mistaken about, in +the perldelta of a previous release. -L and friends have been upgraded from version 2.060 to -2.064. +=back -=item * +=head1 Obituary -L has been upgraded from version 0.80 to 0.92. +XXX If any significant core contributor has died, we've added a short obituary +here. -=item * +=head1 Acknowledgements -L has been upgraded from version 1.13 to 1.16. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 2.03 to 2.04. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 2.27202 to 2.27203. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 1.27 to 1.38. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 1.02 to 1.03. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 3.25 to 3.30. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 1.23 to 1.25. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 1.9991 to 1.9993. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 0.30 to 0.31. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 0.2604 to 0.2606. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 3.13 to 3.14. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 0.4003 to 0.4205. -NOTE: L is deprecated and may be removed from a future version of Perl. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 2.89 to 3.10. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 0.24 to 0.32. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 0.54 to 0.62. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 1.000011 to 1.000019. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 1.11 to 1.16. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 2.41 to 2.43. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 1.25 to 1.27. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 0.02 to 0.04. -NOTE: L is deprecated and may be removed from a future version of Perl. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 0.36 to 0.38. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 0.225 to 0.228. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 1.4404 to 1.4414. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 1.003 to 1.007. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 5.0150042 to 5.0150044. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 1.07 to 1.09. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 0.16 to 0.18. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 0.16 to 0.18. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 0.12 to 0.14. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 1.04 to 1.06. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 1.06 to 1.08. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 1.18 to 1.21. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 1.60 to 1.62. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 3.19 to 3.23. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 1.61 to 1.63. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 1.32 to 1.38_03. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 0.23 to 0.26. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 2.35 to 2.37. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 1.27 to 1.38. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 1.09 to 1.11. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 2.009 to 2.013. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 2.41 to 2.49. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 1.07 to 1.08. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 1.01 to 1.02. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 1.17 to 1.18. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 0.32 to 0.33. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 1.13 to 1.15. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 1.12 to 1.14. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 3.26 to 3.30. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 0.98 to 1.001002. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 3.28 to 3.29. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 2012.0818 to 2013.0523. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 2012.0818 to 2013.0523. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 3.02 to 3.04. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 3.02 to 3.05. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 1.86 to 1.93. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 1.43 to 1.46. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 1.05 to 1.06. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 0.99 to 1.00. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 1.04 to 1.05. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 1.02 to 1.03. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 4.3 to 4.4. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 1.9725 to 1.9726. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 1.20_01 to 1.27. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 0.97 to 1.04. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 1.16 to 1.17. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 0.51 to 0.57. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 1.10 to 1.13. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 0.9902 to 0.9908. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 1.03 to 1.04. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 1.18 to 1.23. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 0.47 to 0.49. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 0.10 to 0.13. - -=item * - -L has been upgraded from version 0.16 to 0.17. - -=back - -=head1 Documentation - -=head2 New Documentation - -=head3 L - -This document was removed (actually, renamed L and given a major -overhaul) in Perl v5.14, causing Perl documentation websites to show the now -out of date version in Perl v5.12 as the latest version. It has now been -restored in stub form, directing readers to current information. - -=head2 Changes to Existing Documentation - -=head3 L - -=over 4 - -=item * - -New sections have been added to document the new index/value array slice and -key/value hash slice syntax. - -=back - -=head3 L - -=over 4 - -=item * - -The C and C debugger subroutines are now documented. [perl -#77680] - -=back - -=head3 L - -=over - -=item * - -C<\s> matching C<\cK> is marked experimental. - -=item * - -ithreads were accepted in v5.8.0 (but are discouraged as of v5.20.0). - -=item * - -Long doubles are not considered experimental. - -=item * - -Code in regular expressions, regular expression backtracking verbs, -and lvalue subroutines are no longer listed as experimental. (This -also affects L and L.) - -=back - -=head3 L - -=over - -=item * - -C and C now note that they can reset the hash iterator. - -=item * - -C's handling of arguments is now more clearly documented. - -=item * - -C now has caveats about expanding floating point numbers in some -locales. - -=item * - -C is now documented to handle an expression that evalutes to a -code reference as if it was C. This behavior is at least ten -years old. - -=item * - -Since Perl v5.10, it has been possible for subroutines in C<@INC> to return -a reference to a scalar holding initial source code to prepend to the file. -This is now documented. - -=item * - -The documentation of C has been updated to recommend the use of -C, C and C when dealing with references to blessed -objects. - -=back - -=head3 L - -=over 4 - -=item * - -Numerous minor changes have been made to reflect changes made to the perl -internals in this release. - -=item * - -New sections on L and -L have been added. - -=back - -=head3 L - -=over 4 - -=item * - -The L section has -been updated. - -=back - -=head3 L - -=over 4 - -=item * - -The documentation has been updated to include some more examples of C -usage. - -=back - -=head2 L - -=over 4 - -=item * - -The L documentation used to describe the hierarchy of warning -categories understood by the L pragma. That description has now -been moved to the L documentation itself, leaving L -as a stub that points to it. This change consolidates all documentation for -lexical warnings in a single place. - -=back - -=head3 L - -=over - -=item * - -The documentation now mentions F and C<\F>, and includes many -clarifications and corrections in general. - -=back - -=head3 L - -=over 4 - -=item * - -The language design of Perl has always called for monomorphic operators. -This is now mentioned explicitly. - -=back - -=head3 L - -=over 4 - -=item * - -The C tutorial has been completely rewritten by Tom Christiansen, and now -focuses on covering only the basics, rather than providing a comprehensive -reference to all things openable. This rewrite came as the result of a -vigorous discussion on perl5-porters kicked off by a set of improvements -written by Alexander Hartmaier to the existing L. A "more than -you ever wanted to know about C" document may follow in subsequent -versions of perl. - -=back - -=head3 L - -=over 4 - -=item * - -The fact that the regexp engine makes no effort to call (?{}) and (??{}) -constructs any specified number of times (although it will basically DWIM -in case of a successful match) has been documented. - -=item * - -The C modifier (for non-destructive substitution) is now documented. [perl -#119151] - -=item * - -The documentation for C and C<(?# comment)> has been expanded and clarified. - -=back - -=head3 L - -=over 4 - -=item * - -The documentation has been updated in the light of recent changes to -F. - -=back - -=head3 L - -=over 4 - -=item * - -The need to predeclare recursive functions with prototypes in order for the -prototype to be honoured in the recursive call is now documented. [perl #2726] - -=item * - -A list of subroutine names used by the perl implementation is now included. -[perl #77680] - -=back - -=head3 L - -=over 4 - -=item * - -There is now a L section. - -=back - -=head3 L - -=over 4 - -=item * - -The documentation has been updated to reflect C changes in -Unicode 6.3. - -=back - -=head3 L - -=over 4 - -=item * - -A new section explaining the performance issues of $`, $& and $', including -workarounds and changes in different versions of Perl, has been added. - -=item * - -Three L variable names which have long been documented but do not -actually exist have been removed from the documentation. These were -C<$OLD_PERL_VERSION>, C<$OFMT>, and C<$ARRAY_BASE>. - -=back - -=head3 L - -=over 4 - -=item * - -Several problems in the C example have been fixed. - -=back - -=head1 Diagnostics - -The following additions or changes have been made to diagnostic output, -including warnings and fatal error messages. For the complete list of -diagnostic messages, see L. - -=head2 New Diagnostics - -=head3 New Errors - -=over 4 - -=item * - -Lvalue array slice, use array slice|perldiag/"delete argument is index/value array slice, use array slice"> - -(F) You used index/value array slice syntax (C<%array[...]>) as the argument to -C. You probably meant C<@array[...]> with an @ symbol instead. - -=item * - -Lvalue hash slice, use hash slice|perldiag/"delete argument is key/value hash slice, use hash slice"> - -(F) You used key/value hash slice syntax (C<%hash{...}>) as the argument to -C. You probably meant C<@hash{...}> with an @ symbol instead. - -=item * - -L - -(F) You assigned a magical array to a stash element, and then tried to use the -subroutine from the same slot. You are asking Perl to do something it cannot -do, details subject to change between Perl versions. - -=item * - -Added L to a %s reference is forbidden|perldiag/"Setting $E to %s reference is forbidden"> - -=back - -=head3 New Warnings - -=over 4 - -=item * - -L<%s on reference is experimental|perldiag/"push on reference is experimental">: - -The "auto-deref" feature is experimental. - -Starting in v5.14.0, it was possible to use push, pop, keys, and other -built-in functions not only on aggregate types, but on references to -them. The feature was not deployed to its original intended -specification, and now may become redundant to postfix dereferencing. -It has always been categorized as an experimental feature, and in -v5.20.0 is carries a warning as such. - -Warnings will now be issued at compile time when these operations are -detected. - - no if $] >= 5.01908, warnings => "experimental::autoderef"; - -Consider, though, replacing the use of these features, as they may -change behavior again before becoming stable. - -=item * - -L - -L - -These two deprecation warnings involving C<\N{...}> were incorrectly -implemented. They did not warn by default (now they do) and could not be -made fatal via C<< use warnings FATAL => 'deprecated' >> (now they can). - -=item * - -L - -(W misc) A sub was declared as C, for -example. Since each sub can only have one prototype, the earlier -declaration(s) are discarded while the last one is applied. - -=item * - -L - -(W syscalls) Embedded \0 characters in pathnames or other system call arguments -produce a warning as of 5.20. The parts after the \0 were formerly ignored by -system calls. - -=item * - -L. - -This replaces the message "Code point 0x%X is not Unicode, all \p{} matches -fail; all \P{} matches succeed". - -=item * - -L - -(W illegalproto) A grouping was started with C<[> but never closed with C<]>. - -=item * - -L - -(W syntax) There is a possible problem with the mixing of a control flow -operator (e.g. C) and a low-precedence operator like C. Consider: - - sub { return $a or $b; } - -This is parsed as: - - sub { (return $a) or $b; } - -Which is effectively just: - - sub { return $a; } - -Either use parentheses or the high-precedence variant of the operator. - -Note this may be also triggered for constructs like: - - sub { 1 if die; } - -=item * - -L - -(S experimental::postderef) This warning is emitted if you use the experimental -postfix dereference syntax. Simply suppress the warning if you want to use the -feature, but know that in doing so you are taking the risk of using an -experimental feature which may change or be removed in a future Perl version: - - no warnings "experimental::postderef"; - use feature "postderef", "postderef_qq"; - $ref->$*; - $aref->@*; - $aref->@[@indices]; - ... etc ... - -=item * - -L - -(W prototype) A prototype was declared in both the parentheses after the sub -name and via the prototype attribute. The prototype in parentheses is useless, -since it will be replaced by the prototype from the attribute before it's ever -used. - -=item * - -L - -(W syntax) In scalar context, you've used an array index/value slice (indicated -by %) to select a single element of an array. Generally it's better to ask for -a scalar value (indicated by $). The difference is that C<$foo[&bar]> always -behaves like a scalar, both in the value it returns and when evaluating its -argument, while C<%foo[&bar]> provides a list context to its subscript, which -can do weird things if you're expecting only one subscript. When called in -list context, it also returns the index (what C<&bar> returns) in addition to -the value. - -=item * - -L - -(W syntax) In scalar context, you've used a hash key/value slice (indicated by -%) to select a single element of a hash. Generally it's better to ask for a -scalar value (indicated by $). The difference is that C<$foo{&bar}> always -behaves like a scalar, both in the value it returns and when evaluating its -argument, while C<@foo{&bar}> and provides a list context to its subscript, -which can do weird things if you're expecting only one subscript. When called -in list context, it also returns the key in addition to the value. - -=item * - -L to a reference to %s as a form of slurp is deprecated, treating as undef|perldiag/"Setting $E to a reference to %s as a form of slurp is deprecated, treating as undef"> - -=item * - -L - -(S) exit() was called or the script otherwise finished gracefully when -C was set in C. - -=item * - -L - -(S) An uncaught die() was called when C was set in -C. - -=item * - -L - -(D deprecated) Using literal control characters in the source to refer to the -^FOO variables, like $^X and ${^GLOBAL_PHASE} is now deprecated. This only -affects code like $\cT, where \cT is a control (like a C) in the -source code: ${"\cT"} and $^T remain valid. - -=item * - -L - -This fixes [Perl #42957]. - -=back - -=head2 Changes to Existing Diagnostics - -=over 4 - -=item * - -Warnings and errors from the regexp engine are now UTF-8 clean. - -=item * - -The "Unknown switch condition" error message has some slight changes. This -error triggers when there is an unknown condition in a C<(?(foo))> conditional. -The error message used to read: - - Unknown switch condition (?(%s in regex; - -But what %s could be was mostly up to luck. For C<(?(foobar))>, you might have -seen "fo" or "f". For Unicode characters, you would generally get a corrupted -string. The message has been changed to read: - - Unknown switch condition (?(...)) in regex; - -Additionally, the C<'E-- HERE'> marker in the error will now point to the -correct spot in the regex. - -=item * - -The "%s "\x%X" does not map to Unicode" warning is now correctly listed as a -severe warning rather than as a fatal error. - -=item * - -Under rare circumstances, one could get a "Can't coerce readonly REF to -string" instead of the customary "Modification of a read-only value". This -alternate error message has been removed. - -=item * - -"Ambiguous use of * resolved as operator *": This and similar warnings -about "%" and "&" used to occur in some circumstances where there was no -operator of the type cited, so the warning was completely wrong. This has -been fixed [perl #117535, #76910]. - -=item * - -Warnings about malformed subroutine prototypes are now more consistent in -how the prototypes are rendered. Some of these warnings would truncate -prototypes containing nulls. In other cases one warning would suppress -another. The warning about illegal characters in prototypes no longer says -"after '_'" if the bad character came before the underscore. - -=item * - -L%sE|perldiag/"Perl folding rules are not up-to-date for 0x%X; -please use the perlbug utility to report; in regex; marked by <-- HERE in -m/%s/"> - -This message is now only in the regexp category, and not in the deprecated -category. It is still a default (i.e., severe) warning [perl #89648]. - -=item * - -L<%%s[%s] in scalar context better written as $%s[%s]|perldiag/"%%s[%s] in scalar context better written as $%s[%s]"> - -This warning now occurs for any C<%array[$index]> or C<%hash{key}> known to -be in scalar context at compile time. Previously it was worded "Scalar -value %%s[%s] better written as $%s[%s]". - -=item * - -L%sE|perldiag/"Switch condition not recognized in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/">: - -The description for this diagnostic has been extended to cover all cases where the warning may occur. -Issues with the positioning of the arrow indicator have also been resolved. - -=item * - -The error messages for C and C now mention "conditional -expression" and "do block", respectively, instead of reading 'Can't declare -null operation in "my"'. - -=item * - -When C executes a regex containing a backreference, the -debugging output now shows what string is being matched. - -=item * - -The now fatal error message C has been -reworded as C to emphasize -that in C<\cI>, I must be a I ASCII character. - -=back - -=head1 Utility Changes - -=head3 L - -=over 4 - -=item * - -A possible crash from an off-by-one error when trying to access before the -beginning of a buffer has been fixed. [perl #120244] - -=back - -=head3 F - -The git bisection tool F has had many enhancements. - -It is provided as part of the source distribution but not installed because -it is not self-contained as it relies on being run from within a git -checkout. Note also that it makes no attempt to fix tests, correct runtime -bugs or make something useful to install - its purpose is to make minimal -changes to get any historical revision of interest to build and run as close -as possible to "as-was", and thereby make C easy to use. - -=over 4 - -=item * - -Can optionally run the test case with a timeout. - -=item * - -Can now run in-place in a clean git checkout. - -=item * - -Can run the test case under C. - -=item * - -Can apply user supplied patches and fixes to the source checkout before -building. - -=item * - -Now has fixups to enable building several more historical ranges of bleadperl, -which can be useful for pinpointing the origins of bugs or behaviour changes. - -=back - -=head3 L - -=over 4 - -=item * - -L now handles C wildcards correctly. [perl #113054] - -=back - -=head3 L - -=over 4 - -=item * - -F now has a C<-p> option for attaching patches with a bug report. - -=item * - -L has been modified to supply the report template with CRLF line -endings on Windows. -[L] - -=item * - -L now makes as few assumptions as possible about the encoding of the -report. This will likely change in the future to assume UTF-8 by default but -allow a user override. - -=back - -=head1 Configuration and Compilation - -=over 4 - -=item * - -The F for L now generates a better F, which -avoids a race condition during parallel makes, which could cause the build to -fail. This is the last known parallel make problem (on *nix platforms), and -therefore we believe that a parallel make should now always be error free. - -=item * - -F and F's option handling has been refactored to use -L. Both are used by the F C targets, and -are not installed, so these changes are only likely to affect custom -installation scripts. - -=over 4 - -=item * - -Single letter options now also have long names. - -=item * - -Invalid options are now rejected. - -=item * - -Command line arguments that are not options are now rejected. - -=item * - -Each now has a C<--help> option to display the usage message. - -=back - -The behaviour for all valid documented invocations is unchanged. - -=item * - -Where possible, the build now avoids recursive invocations of F when -building pure-Perl extensions, without removing any parallelism from the -build. Currently around 80 extensions can be processed directly by the -F tool, meaning that 80 invocations of F and 160 -invocations of F are no longer made. - -=item * - -The build system now works correctly when compiling under GCC or Clang with -link-time optimization enabled (the C<-flto> option). [perl #113022] - -=item * - -Distinct library basenames with C. - -When compiling perl with this option, the library files for XS modules are -named something "unique" -- for example, Hash/Util/Util.so becomes -Hash/Util/PL_Hash__Util.so. This behavior is similar to what currently -happens on VMS, and serves as groundwork for the Android port. - -=item * - -C option to indicate the logical root directory under gcc and clang. - -When building with this option set, both Configure and the compilers search -for all headers and libraries under this new sysroot, instead of /. - -This is a huge time saver if cross-compiling, but can also help -on native builds if your toolchain's files have non-standard locations. - -=item * - -The cross-compilation model has been renovated. -There's several new options, and some backwards-incompatible changes: - -We now build binaries for miniperl and generate_uudmap to be used on the host, -rather than running every miniperl call on the target; this means that, short -of 'make test', we no longer need access to the target system once Configure is -done. You can provide already-built binaries through the C and -C options to Configure. - -Additionally, if targeting an EBCDIC platform from an ASCII host, -or viceversa, you'll need to run Configure with C<-Uhostgenerate>, to -indicate that generate_uudmap should be run on the target. - -Finally, there's also a way of having Configure end early, right after -building the host binaries, by cross-compiling without specifying a -C. - -The incompatible changes include no longer using xconfig.h, xlib, or -Cross.pm, so canned config files and Makefiles will have to be updated. - -=item * - -Related to the above, there is now a way of specifying the location of sh -(or equivalent) on the target system: C. - -For example, Android has its sh in /system/bin/sh, so if cross-compiling -from a more normal Unixy system with sh in /bin/sh, "targetsh" would end -up as /system/bin/sh, and "sh" as /bin/sh. - -=item * - -By default, B 4.9 does some optimizations that break perl. The B<-fwrapv> -option disables those optimizations (and probably others), so for B 4.3 -and later (since the there might be similar problems lurking on older versions -too, but B<-fwrapv> was broken before 4.3, and the optimizations probably won't -go away), F now adds B<-fwrapv> unless the user requests -B<-fno-wrapv>, which disables B<-fwrapv>, or B<-fsanitize=undefined>, which -turns the overflows B<-fwrapv> ignores into runtime errors. -[L] - -=back - -=head1 Testing - -=over 4 - -=item * - -The C make target now allows tests to be run in parallel. -This target allows Perl's test suite to be run under Valgrind, which detects -certain sorts of C programming errors, though at significant cost in running -time. On suitable hardware, allowing parallel execution claws back a lot of -that additional cost. [perl #121431] - -=item * - -Various tests in F are no longer skipped when the perl -F<.git> directory is outside the perl tree and pointed to by -C<$GIT_DIR>. [perl #120505] - -=item * - -The test suite no longer fails when the user's interactive shell maintains a -C<$PWD> environment variable, but the F used for running tests -doesn't. - -=back - -=head1 Platform Support - -=head2 New Platforms - -=over 4 - -=item Android - -Perl can now be built for Android, either natively or through -cross-compilation, for all three currently available architectures (ARM, -MIPS, and x86), on a wide range of versions. - -=item Bitrig - -Compile support has been added for Bitrig, a fork of OpenBSD. - -=item FreeMiNT - -Support has been added for FreeMiNT, a free open-source OS for the Atari ST -system and its successors, based on the original MiNT that was officially -adopted by Atari. - -=item Synology - -Synology ships its NAS boxes with a lean Linux distribution (DSM) on relative -cheap CPU's (like the Marvell Kirkwood mv6282 - ARMv5tel or Freescale QorIQ -P1022 ppc - e500v2) not meant for workstations or development. These boxes -should build now. The basic problems are the non-standard location for tools. - -=back - -=head2 Discontinued Platforms - -=over 4 - -=item C - -Code related to supporting the C I/O system has been removed. - -Perl 5.004 added support to use the native API of C, AT&T's Safe/Fast -I/O library. This code still built with v5.8.0, albeit with many regression -tests failing, but was inadvertently broken before the v5.8.1 release, -meaning that it has not worked on any version of Perl released since then. -In over a decade we have received no bug reports about this, hence it is clear -that no-one is using this functionality on any version of Perl that is still -supported to any degree. - -=item AT&T 3b1 - -Configure support for the 3b1, also known as the AT&T Unix PC (and the similar -AT&T 7300), has been removed. - -=item DG/UX - -DG/UX was a Unix sold by Data General. The last release was in April 2001. -It only runs on Data General's own hardware. - -=item EBCDIC - -In the absence of a regular source of smoke reports, code intended to support -native EBCDIC platforms will be removed from perl before 5.22.0. - -=back - -=head2 Platform-Specific Notes - -=over 4 - -=item Cygwin - -=over 4 - -=item * - -recv() on a connected handle would populate the returned sender -address with whatever happened to be in the working buffer. recv() -now uses a workaround similar to the Win32 recv() wrapper and returns -an empty string when recvfrom(2) doesn't modify the supplied address -length. [perl #118843] - -=item * - -Fixed a build error in cygwin.c on Cygwin 1.7.28. - -Tests now handle the errors that occur when C isn't -running. - -=back - -=item GNU/Hurd - -The BSD compatibility library C is no longer required for builds. - -=item Linux - -The hints file now looks for C only if C itself is -also wanted. The former is never useful without the latter, and in some -circumstances, including it could actually prevent building. - -=item Mac OS - -The build system now honors an C setting supplied by the user running -F. - -=item MidnightBSD - -C was removed from version 0.4-RELEASE of MidnightBSD and had been -deprecated on earlier versions. This caused the build environment to be -erroneously configured for C rather than C. This has been now -been corrected. - -=item Mixed-endian platforms - -The code supporting C and C operations on mixed endian -platforms has been removed. We believe that Perl has long been unable to -build on mixed endian architectures (such as PDP-11s), so we don't think -that this change will affect any platforms which were able to build v5.18.0. - -=item VMS - -=over 4 - -=item * - -The C feature to control the population of %ENV at perl -start-up was broken in Perl 5.16.0 but has now been fixed. - -=item * - -Skip access checks on remotes in opendir(). [perl #121002] - -=item * - -A check for glob metacharacters in a path returned by the -L|perlfunc/glob> operator has been replaced with a check for VMS -wildcard characters. This saves a significant number of unnecessary -L|perlfunc/lstat> calls such that some simple glob operations become -60-80% faster. - -=back - -=item Win32 - -=over 4 - -=item * - -C and C on Win32 now set $! to ENOSPC and EDQUOT when -appropriate. [perl #119857] - -=item * - -The BUILD_STATIC and ALL_STATIC makefile options for linking some or (nearly) -all extensions statically (into perl520.dll, and into a separate -perl-static.exe too) were broken for MinGW builds. This has now been fixed. - -The ALL_STATIC option has also been improved to include the Encode and Win32 -extensions (for both VC++ and MinGW builds). - -=item * - -Support for building with Visual C++ 2013 has been added. There are currently -two possible test failures (see L) which -will hopefully be resolved soon. - -=item * - -Experimental support for building with Intel C++ Compiler has been added. The -nmake makefile (win32/Makefile) and the dmake makefile (win32/makefile.mk) can -be used. A "nmake test" will not pass at this time due to F. - -=item * - -Killing a process tree with L and a negative signal, was broken -starting in 5.18.0. In this bug, C always returned 0 for a negative -signal even for valid PIDs, and no processes were terminated. This has been -fixed [perl #121230]. - -=item * - -The time taken to build perl on Windows has been reduced quite significantly -(time savings in the region of 30-40% are typically seen) by reducing the -number of, usually failing, I/O calls for each L|perlfunc/require> -(for B only). -[L] - -=item * - -About 15 minutes of idle sleeping was removed from running C due to -a bug in which the timeout monitor used for tests could not be cancelled once -the test completes, and the full timeout period elapsed before running the next -test file. -[L] - -=item * - -On a perl built without pseudo-fork (pseudo-fork builds were not affected by -this bug), killing a process tree with L|perlfunc/kill> and a negative -signal resulted in C inverting the returned value. For example, if -C killed 1 process tree PID then it returned 0 instead of 1, and if -C was passed 2 invalid PIDs then it returned 2 instead of 0. This has -probably been the case since the process tree kill feature was implemented on -Win32. It has now been corrected to follow the documented behaviour. -[L] - -=item * - -When building a 64-bit perl, an uninitialized memory read in B, -used during the build process, could lead to a 4GB B being created. -This has now been fixed. (Note that B itself was unaffected, but -obviously B would have been completely broken.) -[L] - -=item * - -Perl can now be built with B version 4.8.1 from L. -This was previously broken due to an incorrect definition of DllMain() in one -of perl's source files. Earlier B versions were also affected when using -version 4 of the w32api package. Versions of B available from -L were not affected. -[L] - -=item * - -The test harness now has no failures when perl is built on a FAT drive with the -Windows OS on an NTFS drive. -[L] - -=item * - -When cloning the context stack in fork() emulation, Perl_cx_dup() -would crash accessing parameter information for context stack entries -that included no parameters, as with C<&foo;>. -[L] - -=item * - -Introduced by -L, a memory -leak on every call to C and backticks (C< `` >), on most Win32 Perls -starting from 5.18.0 has been fixed. The memory leak only occurred if you -enabled psuedo-fork in your build of Win32 Perl, and were running that build on -Server 2003 R2 or newer OS. The leak does not appear on WinXP SP3. -[L] - -=back - -=item WinCE - -=over 4 - -=item * - -The building of XS modules has largely been restored. Several still cannot -(yet) be built but it is now possible to build Perl on WinCE with only a couple -of further patches (to L and L), hopefully to be -incorporated soon. - -=item * - -Perl can now be built in one shot with no user intervention on WinCE by running -C. - -Support for building with EVC (Embedded Visual C++) 4 has been restored. Perl -can also be built using Smart Devices for Visual C++ 2005 or 2008. - -=back - -=back - -=head1 Internal Changes - -=over 4 - -=item * - -The internal representation has changed for the match variables $1, $2 etc., -$`, $&, $', ${^PREMATCH}, ${^MATCH} and ${^POSTMATCH}. It uses slightly less -memory, avoids string comparisons and numeric conversions during lookup, and -uses 23 fewer lines of C. This change should not affect any external code. - -=item * - -Arrays now use NULL internally to represent unused slots, instead of -&PL_sv_undef. &PL_sv_undef is no longer treated as a special value, so -av_store(av, 0, &PL_sv_undef) will cause element 0 of that array to hold a -read-only undefined scalar. C<$array[0] = anything> will croak and -C<\$array[0]> will compare equal to C<\undef>. - -=item * - -The SV returned by HeSVKEY_force() now correctly reflects the UTF8ness of the -underlying hash key when that key is not stored as a SV. [perl #79074] - -=item * - -Certain rarely used functions and macros available to XS code are now -deprecated. These are: -C (use C instead), -C (use C instead), -C (this did not work properly anyway), -and C (this did not work properly anyway). - -Starting in this release, almost never does application code need to -distinguish between the platform's character set and Latin1, on which the -lowest 256 characters of Unicode are based. New code should not use -C (use C instead), -nor -C (use C instead), - -=item * - -The Makefile shortcut targets for many rarely (or never) used testing and -profiling targets have been removed, or merged into the only other Makefile -target that uses them. Specifically, these targets are gone, along with -documentation that referenced them or explained how to use them: - - check.third check.utf16 check.utf8 coretest minitest.prep - minitest.utf16 perl.config.dashg perl.config.dashpg - perl.config.gcov perl.gcov perl.gprof perl.gprof.config - perl.pixie perl.pixie.atom perl.pixie.config perl.pixie.irix - perl.third perl.third.config perl.valgrind.config purecovperl - pureperl quantperl test.deparse test.taintwarn test.third - test.torture test.utf16 test.utf8 test_notty.deparse - test_notty.third test_notty.valgrind test_prep.third - test_prep.valgrind torturetest ucheck ucheck.third ucheck.utf16 - ucheck.valgrind utest utest.third utest.utf16 utest.valgrind - -It's still possible to run the relevant commands by "hand" - no underlying -functionality has been removed. - -=item * - -It is now possible to keep Perl from initializing locale handling. -For the most part, Perl doesn't pay attention to locale. (See -L.) Nonetheless, until now, on startup, it has always -initialized locale handling to the system default, just in case the -program being executed ends up using locales. (This is one of the first -things a locale-aware program should do, long before Perl knows if it -will actually be needed or not.) This works well except when Perl is -embedded in another application which wants a locale that isn't the -system default. Now, if the environment variable -C is set at the time Perl is started, this -initialization step is skipped. Prior to this, on Windows platforms, -the only workaround for this deficiency was to use a hacked-up copy of -internal Perl code. Applications that need to use older Perls can -discover if the embedded Perl they are using needs the workaround by -testing that the C preprocessor symbol C is not -defined. [RT #38193] - -=item * - -C and C have been removed. They were not used anywhere -and are not part of the API. For XS modules, they are now #defined as 0. - -=item * - -C, which usually croaks on read-only values, used to allow -read-only values to be modified at compile time. This has been changed to -croak on read-only values regardless. This change uncovered several core -bugs. - -=item * - -Perl's new copy-on-write mechanism (which is now enabled by default), -allows any C scalar to be automatically upgraded to a copy-on-write -scalar when copied. A reference count on the string buffer is stored in -the string buffer itself. - -For example: - - $ perl -MDevel::Peek -e'$a="abc"; $b = $a; Dump $a; Dump $b' - SV = PV(0x260cd80) at 0x2620ad8 - REFCNT = 1 - FLAGS = (POK,IsCOW,pPOK) - PV = 0x2619bc0 "abc"\0 - CUR = 3 - LEN = 16 - COW_REFCNT = 1 - SV = PV(0x260ce30) at 0x2620b20 - REFCNT = 1 - FLAGS = (POK,IsCOW,pPOK) - PV = 0x2619bc0 "abc"\0 - CUR = 3 - LEN = 16 - COW_REFCNT = 1 - -Note that both scalars share the same PV buffer and have a COW_REFCNT -greater than zero. - -This means that XS code which wishes to modify the C buffer of an -SV should call C or similar first, to ensure a valid (and -unshared) buffer, and to call C afterwards. This in fact has -always been the case (for example hash keys were already copy-on-write); -this change just spreads the COW behaviour to a wider variety of SVs. - -One important difference is that before 5.18.0, shared hash-key scalars -used to have the C flag set; this is no longer the case. - -This new behaviour can still be disabled by running F with -B<-Accflags=-DPERL_NO_COW>. This option will probably be removed in Perl -5.22. - -=item * - -C is now a constant. The switch this variable provided -(to enable/disable the pre-match copy depending on whether C<$&> had been -seen) has been removed and replaced with copy-on-write, eliminating a few -bugs. - -The previous behaviour can still be enabled by running F with -B<-Accflags=-DPERL_SAWAMPERSAND>. - -=item * - -The functions C, C and C have been removed. -It is unclear why these functions were ever marked as I, part of the -API. XS code can't call them directly, as it can't rely on them being -compiled. Unsurprisingly, no code on CPAN references them. - -=item * - -The signature of the C regex function has changed; -the function pointer C in the regex engine plugin structure -has also changed accordingly. A new parameter, C has been added; -this has the same meaning as the same-named parameter in -C. Previously intuit would try to guess the start of -the string from the passed SV (if any), and would sometimes get it wrong -(e.g. with an overloaded SV). - -=item * - -The signature of the C regex function has -changed; the function pointer C in the regex engine plugin -structure has also changed to match. The C parameter now has -type C to better support 64-bit systems. - -=item * - -XS code may use various macros to change the case of a character or code -point (for example C). Only a couple of these were -documented until now; -and now they should be used in preference to calling the underlying -functions. See L. - -=item * - -The code dealt rather inconsistently with uids and gids. Some -places assumed that they could be safely stored in UVs, others -in IVs, others in ints. Four new macros are introduced: -SvUID(), sv_setuid(), SvGID(), and sv_setgid() - -=item * - -C has been added to the API. It is similar to C, -but supports long strings on 64-bit platforms. - -=item * - -C can now be used by perl embedders or other XS code to have -perl C or C on an attempted exit. [perl #52000] - -=item * - -Compiling with C<-Accflags=-PERL_BOOL_AS_CHAR> now allows C99 and C++ -compilers to emulate the aliasing of C to C that perl does for -C89 compilers. [perl #120314] - -=item * - -The C argument in L, L, -L, and L and their older wrappers -sv_2pv, sv_2iv, sv_2uv, sv_2nv, is now non-NULL. Passing NULL now will crash. -When the non-NULL marker was introduced en masse in 5.9.3 the functions -were marked non-NULL, but since the creation of the SV API in 5.0 alpha 2, if -NULL was passed, the functions returned 0 or false-type values. The code that -supports C argument being non-NULL dates to 5.0 alpha 2 directly, and -indirectly to Perl 1.0 (pre 5.0 api). The lack of documentation that the -functions accepted a NULL C was corrected in 5.11.0 and between 5.11.0 -and 5.19.5 the functions were marked NULLOK. As an optimization the NULLOK code -has now been removed, and the functions became non-NULL marked again, because -core getter-type macros never pass NULL to these functions and would crash -before ever passing NULL. - -The only way a NULL C can be passed to sv_2*v* functions is if XS code -directly calls sv_2*v*. This is unlikely as XS code uses Sv*V* macros to get -the underlying value out of the SV. One possible situation which leads to -a NULL C being passed to sv_2*v* functions, is if XS code defines its own -getter type Sv*V* macros, which check for NULL B dereferencing and -checking the SV's flags through public API Sv*OK* macros or directly using -private API C, and if C is NULL, then calling the sv_2*v functions -with a NULL litteral or passing the C containing a NULL value. - -=item * - -newATTRSUB is now a macro - -The public API newATTRSUB was previously a macro to the private -function Perl_newATTRSUB. Function Perl_newATTRSUB has been removed. newATTRSUB -is now macro to a different internal function. - -=item * - -Changes in warnings raised by C - -This bottom level function decodes the first character of a UTF-8 string -into a code point. It is accessible to C level code, but it's -discouraged from using it directly. There are higher level functions -that call this that should be used instead, such as -L. For completeness though, this documents -some changes to it. Now, tests for malformations are done before any -tests for other potential issues. One of those issues involves code -points so large that they have never appeared in any official standard -(the current standard has scaled back the highest acceptable code point -from earlier versions). It is possible (though not done in CPAN) to -warn and/or forbid these code points, while accepting smaller code -points that are still above the legal Unicode maximum. The warning -message for this now includes the code point if representable on the -machine. Previously it always displayed raw bytes, which is what it -still does for non-representable code points. - -=item * - -Regexp engine changes that affect the pluggable regex engine interface - -Many flags that used to be exposed via regexp.h and used to populate the -extflags member of struct regexp have been removed. These fields were -technically private to Perl's own regexp engine and should not have been -exposed there in the first place. - -The affected flags are: - - RXf_NOSCAN - RXf_CANY_SEEN - RXf_GPOS_SEEN - RXf_GPOS_FLOAT - RXf_ANCH_BOL - RXf_ANCH_MBOL - RXf_ANCH_SBOL - RXf_ANCH_GPOS - -As well as the follow flag masks: - - RXf_ANCH_SINGLE - RXf_ANCH - -All have been renamed to PREGf_ equivalents and moved to regcomp.h. - -The behavior previously achieved by setting one or more of the RXf_ANCH_ -flags (via the RXf_ANCH mask) have now been replaced by a *single* flag bit -in extflags: - - RXf_IS_ANCHORED - -pluggable regex engines which previously used to set these flags should -now set this flag ALONE. - -=item * - -The Perl core now consistently uses C ("the top index of an -array") as a more clearly-named synonym for C. - -=item * - -The obscure interpreter variable C is expected to be removed -early in the 5.21.x development series, so that Perl 5.22.0 will not provide -it to XS authors. While the variable still exists in 5.20.0, we hope that -this advance warning of the deprecation will help anyone who is using that -variable. - -=back - -=head1 Selected Bug Fixes - -=head2 Regular Expressions - -=over 4 - -=item * - -Fixed a small number of regexp constructions that could either fail to -match or crash perl when the string being matched against was -allocated above the 2GB line on 32-bit systems. [RT #118175] - -=item * - -Various memory leaks involving the parsing of the C<(?[...])> regular -expression construct have been fixed. - -=item * - -C<(?[...])> now allows interpolation of precompiled patterns consisting of -C<(?[...])> with bracketed character classes inside (C<$pat = -S S>). Formerly, the brackets would -confuse the regular expression parser. - -=item * - -The "Quantifier unexpected on zero-length expression" warning message could -appear twice starting in Perl v5.10 for a regular expression also -containing alternations (e.g., "a|b") triggering the trie optimisation. - -=item * - -Perl v5.18 inadvertently introduced a bug whereby interpolating mixed up- -and down-graded UTF-8 strings in a regex could result in malformed UTF-8 -in the pattern: specifically if a downgraded character in the range -C<\x80..\xff> followed a UTF-8 string, e.g. - - utf8::upgrade( my $u = "\x{e5}"); - utf8::downgrade(my $d = "\x{e5}"); - /$u$d/ - -[RT #118297] - -=item * - -In regular expressions containing multiple code blocks, the values of -C<$1>, C<$2>, etc., set by nested regular expression calls would leak from -one block to the next. Now these variables always refer to the outer -regular expression at the start of an embedded block [perl #117917]. - -=item * - -C was broken in Perl 5.18.0; the C

flag was ignored. This has been -fixed. [perl #118213] - -=item * - -Starting in Perl 5.18.0, a construct like C would have its C<#> -incorrectly interpreted as a comment. The code block would be skipped, -unparsed. This has been corrected. - -=item * - -Starting in Perl 5.001, a regular expression like C or C -would have its C<#> incorrectly interpreted as a comment, so the variable would -not interpolate. This has been corrected. [perl #45667] - -=item * - -Perl 5.18.0 inadvertently made dereferenced regular expressions -S<(C<${ qr// }>)> false as booleans. This has been fixed. - -=item * - -The use of C<\G> in regular expressions, where it's not at the start of the -pattern, is now slightly less buggy (although it is still somewhat -problematic). - -=item * - -Where a regular expression included code blocks (C), and where the -use of constant overloading triggered a re-compilation of the code block, the -second compilation didn't see its outer lexical scope. This was a regression -in Perl 5.18.0. - -=item * - -The string position set by C could shift if the string changed -representation internally to or from utf8. This could happen, e.g., with -references to objects with string overloading. - -=item * - -Taking references to the return values of two C calls with the same -argument, and then assigning a reference to one and C to the other, -could result in assertion failures or memory leaks. - -=item * - -Elements of @- and @+ now update correctly when they refer to non-existent -captures. Previously, a referenced element (C<$ref = \$-[1]>) could refer to -the wrong match after subsequent matches. - -=item * - -The code that parses regex backrefs (or ambiguous backref/octals) such as \123 -did a simple atoi(), which could wrap round to negative values on long digit -strings and cause segmentation faults. This has now been fixed. [perl -#119505] - -=item * - -Assigning another typeglob to C<*^R> no longer makes the regular expression -engine crash. - -=item * - -The C<\N> regular expression escape, when used without the curly braces (to -mean C<[^\n]>), was ignoring a following C<*> if followed by whitespace -under /x. It had been this way since C<\N> to mean C<[^\n]> was introduced -in 5.12.0. - -=item * - -C, C and C now work when a wide character is used as the -delimiter. [perl #120463] - -=item * - -Some cases of unterminated (?...) sequences in regular expressions (e.g., -C) have been fixed to produce the proper error message instead of -"panic: memory wrap". Other cases (e.g., C) have yet to be fixed. - -=item * - -When a reference to a reference to an overloaded object was returned from -a regular expression C<(??{...})> code block, an incorrect implicit -dereference could take place if the inner reference had been returned by -a code block previously. - -=item * - -A tied variable returned from C<(??{...})> sees the inner values of match -variables (i.e., the $1 etc. from any matches inside the block) in its -FETCH method. This was not the case if a reference to an overloaded object -was the last thing assigned to the tied variable. Instead, the match -variables referred to the outer pattern during the FETCH call. - -=item * - -Fix unexpected tainting via regexp using locale. Previously, under certain -conditions, the use of character classes could cause tainting when it -shouldn't. Some character classes are locale-dependent, but before this -patch, sometimes tainting was happening even for character classes that -don't depend on the locale. [perl #120675] - -=item * - -Under certain conditions, Perl would throw an error if in an lookbehind -assertion in a regexp, the assertion referred to a named subpattern, -complaining the lookbehind was variable when it wasn't. This has been -fixed. [perl #120600], [perl #120618]. The current fix may be improved -on in the future. - -=item * - -C<$^R> wasn't available outside of the regular expression that -initialized it. [perl #121070] - -=item * - -A large set of fixes and refactoring for re_intuit_start() was merged, -the highlights are: - -=over - -=item * - -Fixed a panic when compiling the regular expression -C. - -=item * - -Fixed a performance regression when performing a global pattern match -against a UTF-8 string. [perl #120692] - -=item * - -Fixed another performance issue where matching a regular expression -like C against a long UTF-8 string would unnecessarily -calculate byte offsets for a large portion of the string. [perl -#120692] - -=back - -=item * - -Fixed an alignment error when compiling regular expressions when built -with GCC on HP-UX 64-bit. - -=item * - -On 64-bit platforms C can now be set to a value higher than 2**31-1. -[perl #72766] - -=back - -=head2 Perl 5 Debugger and -d - -=over 4 - -=item * - -The debugger's C command been fixed. It was broken in the v5.18.0 -release. The C command is aliased to the names C and C - -all now work again. - -=item * - -C<@_> is now correctly visible in the debugger, fixing a regression -introduced in v5.18.0's debugger. [RT #118169] - -=item * - -Under copy-on-write builds (the default as of 5.20.0) C<< ${'_<-e'}[0] >> -no longer gets mangled. This is the first line of input saved for the -debugger's use for one-liners [perl #118627]. - -=item * - -On non-threaded builds, setting C<${"_Efilename"}> to a reference or -typeglob no longer causes C<__FILE__> and some error messages to produce a -corrupt string, and no longer prevents C<#line> directives in string evals from -providing the source lines to the debugger. Threaded builds were unaffected. - -=item * - -Starting with Perl 5.12, line numbers were off by one if the B<-d> switch was -used on the #! line. Now they are correct. - -=item * - -C<*DB::DB = sub {} if 0> no longer stops Perl's debugging mode from finding -C subs declared thereafter. - -=item * - -C<%{'_<...'}> hashes now set breakpoints on the corresponding C<@{'_<...'}> -rather than whichever array C<@DB::dbline> is aliased to. [perl #119799] - -=item * - -Call set-magic when setting $DB::sub. [perl #121255] - -=item * - -The debugger's "n" command now respects lvalue subroutines and steps over -them [perl #118839]. - -=back - -=head2 Lexical Subroutines - -=over 4 - -=item * - -Lexical constants (C) no longer crash when inlined. - -=item * - -Parameter prototypes attached to lexical subroutines are now respected when -compiling sub calls without parentheses. Previously, the prototypes were -honoured only for calls I parentheses. [RT #116735] - -=item * - -Syntax errors in lexical subroutines in combination with calls to the same -subroutines no longer cause crashes at compile time. - -=item * - -Deep recursion warnings no longer crash lexical subroutines. [RT #118521] - -=item * - -The dtrace sub-entry probe now works with lexical subs, instead of -crashing [perl #118305]. - -=item * - -Undefining an inlinable lexical subroutine (C) would result in a crash if warnings were turned on. - -=item * - -An undefined lexical sub used as an inherited method no longer crashes. - -=item * - -The presence of a lexical sub named "CORE" no longer stops the CORE:: -prefix from working. - -=back - -=head2 Everything Else - -=over 4 - -=item * - -The OP allocation code now returns correctly aligned memory in all cases -for C. Previously it could return memory only aligned to a -4-byte boundary, which is not correct for an ithreads build with 64 bit IVs -on some 32 bit platforms. Notably, this caused the build to fail completely -on sparc GNU/Linux. [RT #118055] - -=item * - -Evaluating large hashes in scalar context is now much faster, as the number -of used chains in the hash is now cached for larger hashes. Smaller hashes -continue not to store it and calculate it when needed, as this saves one IV. -That would be 1 IV overhead for every object built from a hash. [RT #114576] - -=item * - -Perl v5.16 inadvertently introduced a bug whereby calls to XSUBs that were -not visible at compile time were treated as lvalues and could be assigned -to, even when the subroutine was not an lvalue sub. This has been fixed. -[RT #117947] - -=item * - -In Perl v5.18.0 dualvars that had an empty string for the string part but a -non-zero number for the number part starting being treated as true. In -previous versions they were treated as false, the string representation -taking precedeence. The old behaviour has been restored. [RT #118159] - -=item * - -Since Perl v5.12, inlining of constants that override built-in keywords of -the same name had countermanded C, causing subsequent mentions of -the constant to use the built-in keyword instead. This has been fixed. - -=item * - -The warning produced by C<-l $handle> now applies to IO refs and globs, not -just to glob refs. That warning is also now UTF8-clean. [RT #117595] - -=item * - -C no longer leaks memory. - -=item * - -C and C followed by a keyword prefixed with C now -treat it as a keyword, and not as a subroutine or module name. [RT #24482] - -=item * - -Through certain conundrums, it is possible to cause the current package to -be freed. Certain operators (C, C, C, C) could -not cope and would crash. They have been made more resilient. [RT #117941] - -=item * - -Aliasing filehandles through glob-to-glob assignment would not update -internal method caches properly if a package of the same name as the -filehandle existed, resulting in filehandle method calls going to the -package instead. This has been fixed. - -=item * - -C<./Configure -de -Dusevendorprefix> didn't default. [RT #64126] - -=item * - -The C warning was listed in -L as an C-category warning, but was enabled and disabled -by the C category. On the other hand, the C category -controlled its fatal-ness. It is now entirely handled by the C -category. - -=item * - -The "Replacement list is longer that search list" warning for C and -C no longer occurs in the presence of the C flag. [RT #118047] - -=item * - -Stringification of NVs are not cached so that the lexical locale controls -stringification of the decimal point. [perl #108378] [perl #115800] - -=item * - -There have been several fixes related to Perl's handling of locales. perl -#38193 was described above in L. -Also fixed is -#118197, where the radix (decimal point) character had to be an ASCII -character (which doesn't work for some non-Western languages); -and #115808, in which C on failure returned an -C which didn't warn about not being defined even if those -warnings were enabled. - -=item * - -Compiling a C operator whose third argument is a named constant -evaulating to 0 no longer causes the constant's value to change. - -=item * - -A named constant used as the second argument to C no longer gets -coerced to a string if it is a reference, regular expression, dualvar, etc. - -=item * - -A named constant evaluating to the undefined value used as the second -argument to C no longer produces "uninitialized" warnings at compile -time. It will still produce them at run time. - -=item * - -When a scalar was returned from a subroutine in @INC, the referenced scalar -was magically converted into an IO thingy, possibly resulting in "Bizarre -copy" errors if that scalar continued to be used elsewhere. Now Perl uses -an internal copy of the scalar instead. - -=item * - -Certain uses of the C operator are optimised to modify an array in -place, such as C<@a = sort @a>. During the sorting, the array is made -read-only. If a sort block should happen to die, then the array remained -read-only even outside the C. This has been fixed. - -=item * - -C<$a> and C<$b> inside a sort block are aliased to the actual arguments to -C, so they can be modified through those two variables. This did not -always work, e.g., for lvalue subs and C<$#ary>, and probably many other -operators. It works now. - -=item * - -The arguments to C are now all in list context. If the C -itself were called in void or scalar context, then I, but not all, of -the arguments used to be in void or scalar context. - -=item * - -Subroutine prototypes with Unicode characters above U+00FF were getting -mangled during closure cloning. This would happen with subroutines closing -over lexical variables declared outside, and with lexical subs. - -=item * - -C now treats its first argument the same way that method -calls do: Typeglobs and glob references with non-empty IO slots are treated -as handles, and strings are treated as filehandles, rather than packages, -if a handle with that name exists [perl #113932]. - -=item * - -Method calls on typeglobs (e.g., C<< *ARGV->getline >>) used to stringify -the typeglob and then look it up again. Combined with changes in Perl -5.18.0, this allowed C<< *foo->bar >> to call methods on the "foo" package -(like C<< foo->bar >>). In some cases it could cause the method to be -called on the wrong handle. Now a typeglob argument is treated as a -handle (just like C<< (\*foo)->bar >>), or, if its IO slot is empty, an -error is raised. - -=item * - -Assigning a vstring to a tied variable or to a subroutine argument aliased -to a nonexistent hash or array element now works, without flattening the -vstring into a regular string. - -=item * - -C, C, C and C did not work -properly on subroutine arguments aliased to nonexistent -hash and array elements [perl #77814, #27010]. - -=item * - -The C<< => >> fat arrow operator can now quote built-in keywords even if it -occurs on the next line, making it consistent with how it treats other -barewords. - -=item * - -Autovivifying a subroutine stub via C<\&$glob> started causing crashes in Perl -5.18.0 if the $glob was merely a copy of a real glob, i.e., a scalar that had -had a glob assigned to it. This has been fixed. [perl #119051] - -=item * - -Perl used to leak an implementation detail when it came to referencing the -return values of certain operators. C used -to display two different memory addresses, because the C<\> operator was -copying the variable. Under threaded builds, it would also happen for -constants (C). This has been fixed. [perl #21979, #78194, -#89188, #109746, #114838, #115388] - -=item * - -The range operator C<..> was returning the same modifiable scalars with each -call, unless it was the only thing in a C loop header. This meant -that changes to values within the list returned would be visible the next time -the operator was executed. [perl #3105] - -=item * - -Constant folding and subroutine inlining no longer cause operations that would -normally return new modifiable scalars to return read-only values instead. - -=item * - -Closures of the form C are no longer inlined, -causing changes to the variable to be ignored by callers of the subroutine. -[perl #79908] - -=item * - -Return values of certain operators such as C would sometimes be shared -between recursive calls to the same subroutine, causing the inner call to -modify the value returned by C in the outer call. This has been fixed. - -=item * - -C<__PACKAGE__> and constants returning a package name or hash key are now -consistently read-only. In various previous Perl releases, they have become -mutable under certain circumstances. - -=item * - -Enabling "used once" warnings no longer causes crashes on stash circularities -created at compile time (C<*Foo::Bar::Foo:: = *Foo::>). - -=item * - -Undef constants used in hash keys (C undef; $h{+u}>) no -longer produce "uninitialized" warnings at compile time. - -=item * - -Modifying a substitution target inside the substitution replacement no longer -causes crashes. - -=item * - -The first statement inside a string eval used to use the wrong pragma setting -sometimes during constant folding. C would randomly choose -between Unicode, byte, and locale semantics. This has been fixed. - -=item * - -The handling of return values of @INC filters (subroutines returned by -subroutines in @INC) has been fixed in various ways. Previously tied variables -were mishandled, and setting $_ to a reference or typeglob could result in -crashes. - -=item * - -The C XS function has been fixed to work with tied scalars returning -something other than a string. It used to return utf8 in those cases where -C would. - -=item * - -Perl 5.18.0 inadvertently made C<--> and C<++> crash on dereferenced regular -expressions, and stopped C<++> from flattening vstrings. - -=item * - -C no longer dies with "Can't bless non-reference value" if its first -argument is a tied reference. - -=item * - -C with an argument no longer skips copy-on-write scalars, regular -expressions, typeglob copies, and vstrings. Also, when encountering those or -read-only values, it no longer skips any array or hash with the same name. - -=item * - -C with an argument now skips scalars aliased to typeglobs -(C). Previously it would corrupt memory or crash. - -=item * - -C and C were not respecting the bytes pragma. This was a -regression from Perl 5.12. [perl #117355] - -=item * - -Changes to C now update DESTROY caches in all classes, -instead of causing classes that have already had objects destroyed to continue -using the old sub. This was a regression in Perl 5.18. [perl #114864] - -=item * - -All known false-positive occurrences of the deprecation warning "Useless use of -'\'; doesn't escape metacharacter '%c'", added in Perl 5.18.0, have been -removed. [perl #119101] - -=item * - -The value of $^E is now saved across signal handlers on Windows. [perl #85104] - -=item * - -A lexical filehandle (as in C) is usually given a name based on -the current package and the name of the variable, e.g. "main::$fh". Under -recursion, the filehandle was losing the "$fh" part of the name. This has been -fixed. - -=item * - -Uninitialized values returned by XSUBs are no longer exempt from uninitialized -warnings. [perl #118693] - -=item * - -C no longer erroneously produces a warning about void context. -[perl #118753] - -=item * - -Passing C to a subroutine now causes @_ to contain the same read-only -undefined scalar that C returns. Furthermore, C will now -return true if C was the first argument. [perl #7508, #109726] - -=item * - -Passing a non-existent array element to a subroutine does not usually -autovivify it unless the subroutine modifies its argument. This did not work -correctly with negative indices and with non-existent elements within the -array. The element would be vivified immediately. The delayed vivification -has been extended to work with those. [perl #118691] - -=item * - -Assigning references or globs to the scalar returned by $#foo after the @foo -array has been freed no longer causes assertion failures on debugging builds -and memory leaks on regular builds. - -=item * - -On 64-bit platforms, large ranges like 1..1000000000000 no longer crash, but -eat up all your memory instead. [perl #119161] - -=item * - -C<__DATA__> now puts the C handle in the right package, even if the -current package has been renamed through glob assignment. - -=item * - -When C, C, C, C, C and C unwind the scope, -it is possible for C recursively to call a subroutine or format that -is currently being exited. It that case, sometimes the lexical variables -inside the sub would start out having values from the outer call, instead of -being undefined as they should. This has been fixed. [perl #119311] - -=item * - -${^MPEN} is no longer treated as a synonym for ${^MATCH}. - -=item * - -Perl now tries a little harder to return the correct line number in -C<(caller)[2]>. [perl #115768] - -=item * - -Line numbers inside multiline quote-like operators are now reported correctly. -[perl #3643] - -=item * - -C<#line> directives inside code embedded in quote-like operators are now -respected. - -=item * - -Line numbers are now correct inside the second here-doc when two here-doc -markers occur on the same line. - -=item * - -An optimization in Perl 5.18 made incorrect assumptions causing a bad -interaction with the L CPAN module. If the module was -loaded then lexical variables declared in separate statements following a -C list might fail to be cleared on scope exit. - -=item * - -C<&xsub> and C calls now allow the called subroutine to autovivify -elements of @_. - -=item * - -C<&xsub> and C no longer crash if *_ has been undefined and has no -ARRAY entry (i.e. @_ does not exist). - -=item * - -C<&xsub> and C now work with tied @_. - -=item * - -Overlong identifiers no longer cause a buffer overflow (and a crash). They -started doing so in Perl 5.18. - -=item * - -The warning "Scalar value @hash{foo} better written as $hash{foo}" now produces -far fewer false positives. In particular, C<@hash{+function_returning_a_list}> -and C<@hash{ qw "foo bar baz" }> no longer warn. The same applies to array -slices. [perl #28380, #114024] - -=item * - -C<$! = EINVAL; waitpid(0, WNOHANG);> no longer goes into an internal infinite -loop. [perl #85228] - -=item * - -A possible segmentation fault in filehandle duplication has been fixed. - -=item * - -A subroutine in @INC can return a reference to a scalar containing the initial -contents of the file. However, that scalar was freed prematurely if not -referenced elsewhere, giving random results. - -=item * - -C no longer returns values that the same statement has accumulated so -far, fixing amongst other things the long-standing bug that C -would try to return the @a, copying it like a scalar in the process and -resulting in the error, "Bizarre copy of ARRAY in last." [perl #3112] - -=item * - -In some cases, closing file handles opened to pipe to or from a process, which -had been duplicated into a standard handle, would call perl's internal waitpid -wrapper with a pid of zero. With the fix for [perl #85228] this zero pid was -passed to C, possibly blocking the process. This wait for process -zero no longer occurs. [perl #119893] - -=item * - -C blocking indefinitely rather than the expected sleep -time. This has now been fixed. [perl #120102] - -=item * - -The class name in C is now parsed correctly. In the case of -the second character of the class name being followed by a digit (e.g. 'a1b') -this used to give the error "Missing $ on loop variable". [perl #120112] - -=item * - -Perl 5.18.0 accidentally disallowed C<-bareword> under C and -C. This has been fixed. [perl #120288] - -=item * - -C<-a> at the start of a line (or a hyphen with any single letter that is -not a filetest operator) no longer produces an erroneous 'Use of "-a" -without parentheses is ambiguous' warning. [perl #120288] - -=item * - -Lvalue context is now properly propagated into bare blocks and C and -C blocks in lvalue subroutines. Previously, arrays and hashes would -sometimes incorrectly be flattened when returned in lvalue list context, or -"Bizarre copy" errors could occur. [perl #119797] - -=item * - -Lvalue context is now propagated to the branches of C<||> and C<&&> (and -their alphabetic equivalents, C and C). This means -C now allows C to be modified -through $_. - -=item * - -C and C remember the last handle used; the former -for the special C<_> filehandle, the latter for C<${^LAST_FH}>. -C where *foo was the last handle passed to C -or C could cause that handle to be forgotten if the -handle were not opened yet. This has been fixed. - -=item * - -Various cases of C, C etc. causing a crash -have been fixed. [perl #54044] - -=item * - -Setting C<$!> to EACCESS before calling C could affect -C's behaviour. This has been fixed. - -=item * - -The "Can't use \1 to mean $1 in expression" warning message now only occurs -on the right-hand (replacement) part of a substitution. Formerly it could -happen in code embedded in the left-hand side, or in any other quote-like -operator. - -=item * - -Blessing into a reference (C) has long been -disallowed, but magical scalars for the second like C<$/> and those tied -were exempt. They no longer are. [perl #119809] - -=item * - -Blessing into a reference was accidentally allowed in 5.18 if the class -argument were a blessed reference with stale method caches (i.e., whose -class had had subs defined since the last method call). They are -disallowed once more, as in 5.16. - -=item * - -C<< $x->{key} >> where $x was declared as C no longer crashes -if a Class::FIELDS subroutine stub has been declared. - -=item * - -C<@$obj{'key'}> and C<${$obj}{key}> used to be exempt from compile-time -field checking ("No such class field"; see L) but no longer are. - -=item * - -A nonexistent array element with a large index passed to a subroutine that -ties the array and then tries to access the element no longer results in a -crash. - -=item * - -Declaring a subroutine stub named NEGATIVE_INDICES no longer makes negative -array indices crash when the current package is a tied array class. - -=item * - -Declaring a C, C, or C subroutine stub in the -CORE::GLOBAL:: package no longer makes compilation of calls to the -corresponding functions crash. - -=item * - -Aliasing CORE::GLOBAL:: functions to constants stopped working in Perl 5.10 -but has now been fixed. - -=item * - -When C<`...`> or C calls a C override, double-quotish -interpolation now happens, as is the case when there is no override. -Previously, the presence of an override would make these quote-like -operators act like C, suppressing interpolation. [perl #115330] - -=item * - -C<<<<`...`> here-docs (with backticks as the delimiters) now call -C overrides. [perl #119827] - -=item * - -C<&CORE::exit()> and C<&CORE::die()> now respect L hints. - -=item * - -Undefining a glob that triggers a DESTROY method that undefines the same -glob is now safe. It used to produce "Attempt to free unreferenced glob -pointer" warnings and leak memory. - -=item * - -If subroutine redefinition (C or C for XS code) -triggers a DESTROY method on the sub that is being redefined, and that -method assigns a subroutine to the same slot (C<*foo = sub {}>), C<$_[0]> -is no longer left pointing to a freed scalar. Now DESTROY is delayed until -the new subroutine has been installed. - -=item * - -On Windows, perl no longer calls CloseHandle() on a socket handle. This makes -debugging easier on Windows by removing certain irrelevant bad handle -exceptions. It also fixes a race condition that made socket functions randomly -fail in a Perl process with multiple OS threads, and possible test failures in -F. [perl #120091/118059] - -=item * - -Formats involving UTF-8 encoded strings, or strange vars like ties, -overloads, or stringified refs (and in recent -perls, pure NOK vars) would generally do the wrong thing in formats -when the var is treated as a string and repeatedly chopped, as in -C<< ^<<<~~ >> and similar. This has now been resolved. -[perl #33832/45325/113868/119847/119849/119851] - -=item * - -C<< semctl(..., SETVAL, ...) >> would set the semaphore to the top -32-bits of the supplied integer instead of the bottom 32-bits on -64-bit big-endian systems. [perl #120635] - -=item * - -C<< readdir() >> now only sets C<$!> on error. C<$!> is no longer set -to C when then terminating C is read from the directory -unless the system call sets C<$!>. [perl #118651] - -=item * - -C<&CORE::glob> no longer causes an intermittent crash due to perl's stack -getting corrupted. [perl #119993] - -=item * - -C with layers that load modules (e.g., "<:encoding(utf8)") no longer -runs the risk of crashing due to stack corruption. - -=item * - -Perl 5.18 broke autoloading via C<< ->SUPER::foo >> method calls by looking -up AUTOLOAD from the current package rather than the current package's -superclass. This has been fixed. [perl #120694] - -=item * - -A longstanding bug causing C, where the constant -holds a true value, to read unallocated memory has been resolved. This -would usually happen after a syntax error. In past versions of Perl it has -crashed intermittently. [perl #72406] - -=item * - -Fix HP-UX C<$!> failure. HP-UX strerror() returns an empty string for an -unknown error code. This caused an assertion to fail under DEBUGGING -builds. Now instead, the returned string for C<"$!"> contains text -indicating the code is for an unknown error. - -=item * - -Individually-tied elements of @INC (as in C) are now -handled correctly. Formerly, whether a sub returned by such a tied element -would be treated as a sub depended on whether a FETCH had occurred -previously. - -=item * - -C on a byte-sized handle after the same C operator had been -used on a utf8 handle used to treat the bytes as utf8, resulting in erratic -behavior (e.g., malformed UTF-8 warnings). - -=item * - -An initial C<{> at the beginning of a format argument line was always -interpreted as the beginning of a block prior to v5.18. In Perl v5.18, it -started being treated as an ambiguous token. The parser would guess -whether it was supposed to be an anonymous hash constructor or a block -based on the contents. Now the previous behavious has been restored. -[perl #119973] - -=item * - -In Perl v5.18 C and C started -crashing. This has been fixed. [perl #119949] - -=item * - -Backticks (C< `` > or C< qx// >) combined with multiple threads on -Win32 could result in output sent to stdout on one thread being -captured by backticks of an external command in another thread. - -This could occur for pseudo-forked processes too, as Win32's -pseudo-fork is implemented in terms of threads. [perl #77672] - -=item * - -C<< open $fh, ">+", undef >> no longer leaks memory when TMPDIR is set -but points to a directory a temporary file cannot be created in. [perl -#120951] - -=item * - -C< for ( $h{k} || '' ) > no longer auto-vivifies C<$h{k}>. [perl -#120374] - -=item * - -On Windows machines, Perl now emulates the POSIX use of the environment -for locale initialization. Previously, the environment was ignored. -See L. - -=item * - -Fixed a crash when destroying a self-referencing GLOB. [perl #121242] - -=back - -=head1 Known Problems - -=over 4 - -=item * - -L is known to fail tests on AIX 5.3. There is -L in the request -tracker, #120835, which may be applied to future releases. - -=item * - -The following modules are known to have test failures with this version of -Perl. Patches have been submitted, so there will hopefully be new releases -soon: - -=over - -=item * - -L version 0.15 - -=item * - -L version 1.05 - -=item * - -L version 0.08. - -=back - -=back - -=head1 Obituary - -Diana Rosa, 27, of Rio de Janeiro, went to her long rest on May 10, -2014, along with the plush camel she kept hanging on her computer screen -all the time. She was a passionate Perl hacker who loved the language and its -community, and who never missed a Rio.pm event. She was a true artist, an -enthusiast about writing code, singing arias and graffiting walls. We'll never -forget you. - -=head1 Acknowledgements +XXX Generate this with: -Perl 5.20.0 represents approximately 12 months of development since Perl 5.18.0 -and contains approximately 470,000 lines of changes across 2,900 files from 124 -authors. - -Excluding auto-generated files, documentation and release tools, there were -approximately 280,000 lines of changes to 1,800 .pm, .t, .c and .h files. - -Perl continues to flourish into its third decade thanks to a vibrant community -of users and developers. The following people are known to have contributed the -improvements that became Perl 5.20.0: - -Aaron Crane, Abhijit Menon-Sen, Abigail, Abir Viqar, Alan Haggai Alavi, Alan -Hourihane, Alexander Voronov, Alexandr Ciornii, Andy Dougherty, Anno Siegel, -Aristotle Pagaltzis, Arthur Axel 'fREW' Schmidt, Brad Gilbert, Brendan Byrd, -Brian Childs, Brian Fraser, Brian Gottreu, Chris 'BinGOs' Williams, Christian -Millour, Colin Kuskie, Craig A. Berry, Dabrien 'Dabe' Murphy, Dagfinn Ilmari -Mannsåker, Daniel Dragan, Darin McBride, David Golden, David Leadbeater, David -Mitchell, David Nicol, David Steinbrunner, Dennis Kaarsemaker, Dominic -Hargreaves, Ed Avis, Eric Brine, Evan Zacks, Father Chrysostomos, Florian -Ragwitz, François Perrad, Gavin Shelley, Gideon Israel Dsouza, Gisle Aas, -Graham Knop, H.Merijn Brand, Hauke D, Heiko Eissfeldt, Hiroo Hayashi, Hojung -Youn, James E Keenan, Jarkko Hietaniemi, Jerry D. Hedden, Jess Robinson, Jesse -Luehrs, Johan Vromans, John Gardiner Myers, John Goodyear, John P. Linderman, -John Peacock, kafka, Kang-min Liu, Karen Etheridge, Karl Williamson, Keedi Kim, -Kent Fredric, kevin dawson, Kevin Falcone, Kevin Ryde, Leon Timmermans, Lukas -Mai, Marc Simpson, Marcel Grünauer, Marco Peereboom, Marcus Holland-Moritz, -Mark Jason Dominus, Martin McGrath, Matthew Horsfall, Max Maischein, Mike -Doherty, Moritz Lenz, Nathan Glenn, Nathan Trapuzzano, Neil Bowers, Neil -Williams, Nicholas Clark, Niels Thykier, Niko Tyni, Olivier Mengué, Owain G. -Ainsworth, Paul Green, Paul Johnson, Peter John Acklam, Peter Martini, Peter -Rabbitson, Petr Písař, Philip Boulain, Philip Guenther, Piotr Roszatycki, -Rafael Garcia-Suarez, Reini Urban, Reuben Thomas, Ricardo Signes, Ruslan -Zakirov, Sergey Alekseev, Shirakata Kentaro, Shlomi Fish, Slaven Rezic, -Smylers, Steffen Müller, Steve Hay, Sullivan Beck, Thomas Sibley, Tobias -Leich, Toby Inkster, Tokuhiro Matsuno, Tom Christiansen, Tom Hukins, Tony Cook, -Victor Efimov, Viktor Turskyi, Vladimir Timofeev, YAMASHINA Hio, Yves Orton, -Zefram, Zsbán Ambrus, Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason. - -The list above is almost certainly incomplete as it is automatically generated -from version control history. In particular, it does not include the names of -the (very much appreciated) contributors who reported issues to the Perl bug -tracker. - -Many of the changes included in this version originated in the CPAN modules -included in Perl's core. We're grateful to the entire CPAN community for -helping Perl to flourish. - -For a more complete list of all of Perl's historical contributors, please see -the F file in the Perl source distribution. + perl Porting/acknowledgements.pl v5.21.1..HEAD =head1 Reporting Bugs If you find what you think is a bug, you might check the articles recently posted to the comp.lang.perl.misc newsgroup and the perl bug database at -http://rt.perl.org/perlbug/ . There may also be information at +https://rt.perl.org/ . There may also be information at http://www.perl.org/ , the Perl Home Page. If you believe you have an unreported bug, please run the L program