X-Git-Url: https://perl5.git.perl.org/perl5.git/blobdiff_plain/873b149f049701f76396c28e70d7cccfec0b011f..f2861c9b15e4f5ce914d945a2d354a93a9fff926:/README.cygwin diff --git a/README.cygwin b/README.cygwin index fb93ac5..90fb14b 100644 --- a/README.cygwin +++ b/README.cygwin @@ -1,505 +1,781 @@ If you read this file _as_is_, just ignore the funny characters you -see. It is written in the POD format (see pod/perlpod.pod) which is +see. It is written in the POD format (see F) which is specially designed to be readable as is. =head1 NAME -README.cygwin - notes about porting Perl to Cygwin +perlcygwin - Perl for Cygwin =head1 SYNOPSIS -=over +This document will help you configure, make, test and install Perl +on Cygwin. This document also describes features of Cygwin that will +affect how Perl behaves at runtime. -=item Cygwin +B There are pre-built Perl packages available for Cygwin and a +version of Perl is provided in the normal Cygwin install. If you do +not need to customize the configuration, consider using one of those +packages. -The Cygwin tools are ports of the popular GNU development tools for -Windows NT, 95, and 98. They run thanks to the Cygwin library which -provides the UNIX system calls and environment these programs expect. -More info about this project can be found at its home page -http://sourceware.cygnus.com/cygwin/ -=item libperl.dll +=head1 PREREQUISITES FOR COMPILING PERL ON CYGWIN -These instructions and the default cygwin hints build a shared -libperl.dll Perl library and enables dynamically loaded extensions. +=head2 Cygwin = GNU+Cygnus+Windows (Don't leave UNIX without it) -=back +The Cygwin tools are ports of the popular GNU development tools for Win32 +platforms. They run thanks to the Cygwin library which provides the UNIX +system calls and environment these programs expect. More information +about this project can be found at: + +L + +A recent net or commercial release of Cygwin is required. + +At the time this document was last updated, Cygwin 1.7.16 was current. + + +=head2 Cygwin Configuration + +While building Perl some changes may be necessary to your Cygwin setup so +that Perl builds cleanly. These changes are B required for normal +Perl usage. + +B The binaries that are built will run on all Win32 versions. +They do not depend on your host system (WinXP/Win2K/Win7) or your +Cygwin configuration (binary/text mounts, cvgserver). +The only dependencies come from hard-coded pathnames like F. +However, your host system and Cygwin configuration will affect Perl's +runtime behavior (see L). -=head1 BUILDING - -=head2 Prerequisites - -=over - -=item Cygwin b20.1 - -The latest stable Cygwin suite is beta20.1. It may be -downloaded from ftp://go.cygnus.com/pub/sourceware.cygnus.com/cygwin/latest/ -or many mirror sites around the world. - -=item egcs-1.1.2 - -This port was built with egcs-1.1.2 downloaded from -ftp://ftp.xraylith.wisc.edu/pub/khan/gnu-win32/cygwin/egcs-1.1.2/ - -=item install executable - -To make life easier, you should download -ftp://ftp.franken.de/pub/win32/develop/gnuwin32/cygwin/porters/Humblet_Pierre_A/install-cygwin-b20.sh, -and use it as your install "executable." Just follow the instructions -that are embedded as comments in the .sh file. - -=item Windows NT notes - -You should execute a 'chmod -R +w *' on the entire perl source directory. -The configuration process creates new files (and thus needs write access -to the directory) and sometimes, especially if you make repeated builds -in the same directory, overwrites old files. If you do not enable write -access, you're just asking for trouble. Reminder for B20.1: unless 'ntea' -is included in the CYGWIN environment variable settings, chmod has no -effect. See "environment," below. - -It is best if you build, test, and install as a normal user, not as -Administrator or as any member of the Administrators group. There is -a well-known NT-ism that affects Cygwin: all files that are created -by any member of the Administrators B are B owned by -that member. The ownership of those files is assigned to the -Administrators group, instead. If the default access mode for new files -is -rw-r--r--, then the original creator of the file cannot overwrite -it: he no longer owns the file, no B does. It is owned by the -group, but group members don't have write access to it. This causes -any number of problems, including make test / perl harness failures, -installation failures, etc. - -In some cases, however, it is necessary to install as Administrator. For -instance, if normal users are not allowed write access to the install -directory. My solution, in this case, was to transfer ownership of the -install directory tree (/usr/local) to a single, normal user, and -set permissions to -rw-r--r-- (drwxr-xr-x for directories, of course). -If you read the preceeding paragraph carefully, you might suspect that -changing the permissions on the entire tree to -rw-rw-r--, but allowing -the Administrators group to keep ownership should solve the problem. -However, newly created directories (and the perl install creates a lot -of them) will not allow group write access. Setting umask will not -fix this problem, because umask is a B operator; it only -specifies the types of accesses that will NOT be allowed on new files. -For instance, umask u=rwx,g=rwx,o=rx means that world ('Bthers') will -never be allowed write access, but owner ('Bser') and Broup B -be allowed write access. Everybody (u, g, and o) Bbe allowed -read access. - -In any case, Corinna Vinschen's ntsec patches B eventually -alleviate this whole mess, and are included in the development -snapshots as of 24 May 1999. You will need to include 'ntsec' as -one of the items in the CYGWIN variable setting. However, initial -tests indicate some incompatibility the 0524 snapshot and this perl -build. - -=item environment - -I (csw) found the following steps necessary for a successful build: - -=over - -=item path - -I set my path so that none of the windows directories showed up - -otherwise Configure found the wrong executables (find, grep, etc). -It is, however, important that '.' be in the path, because otherwise -the build process can't execute the ld2 script that is created. - -=item mounts - -I had to unmount my f: drive. I have cygwin installed under -F:\cygnus\cygwin-b20\, which is mounted as \. I also ordinarily -have F:\ mounted as /f (i.e. mounted onto the empty directory -F:\cygnus\cygwin-b20\f\ ). However, this causes Configure to -"locate" the awk, tr, sed, etc. programs at -/f/cygnus/cygwin-b20/usr/bin instead of /usr/bin. -This ended up causing problems. - -I built and tested perl using all binary mounts. However, Eric Fifer -has built and tested it using text mounts, but reported more failures -during make test and perl harness. Based on his findings, and experiments -performed by Sebastien Barre with the static build of perl, I can -report that these test failures are B due to any differences in -the perl executable. Most of the failures encountered during a make test -on text mounts can be eliminated by remounting as binary, and re-running -the tests using the same executable. These test failures are due to -problems in the test scripts, not the executable. See Appendix. - -One observation from experience with the static build of perl is that -it's a bad idea to a mix a perl executable that was compiled using binary -mounts with modules compiled using text mounts, and vice versa. Make -sure your mount environment matches. This observation has not been -confirmed with respect to the dynamically linked build of perl. - -=item environment variables - -For NT users, the CYGWIN variable should include the 'ntea' setting. -However, if you have FAT drives on your system, as opposed to NTFS, -please read the Cygwin FAQ concerning ntea before including it in -your system settings. If you do not use ntea, you will encounter a -few extra make test and/or perl harness failures. These are not -indicative of a faulty perl executable, but only that your system -settings do not allow the types of file access and ownership checking -that the test scripts are attempting to verify. See Appendix. - -I unset INCLUDE and LIB (these two variables are set by MSVC5, and -inherited from my Windows environment by cygwin). I'm not sure this made -a difference, but it has caused problems in the past... +=over 4 + +=item * C + +Set the C environment variable so that Configure finds the Cygwin +versions of programs. Any not-needed Windows directories should be removed or +moved to the end of your C. + +=item * I + +If you do not have I (which is part of the I package), +Configure will B prompt you to install I pages. =back -=item crypt library +=head1 CONFIGURE PERL ON CYGWIN -http://miracle.geol.msu.ru/sos/ points to two different crypt -libraries ported to cygwin. This has been tested with the libcrypt.tgz -by Andy Piper. His home page can be found at -http://www.xemacs.freeserve.co.uk/ +The default options gathered by Configure with the assistance of +F will build a Perl that supports dynamic loading +(which requires a shared F). -=item hacks that should be revisited after the next cygwin release +This will run Configure and keep a record: -Some of the failures we encountered when running make test and/or perl harness -are due to bugs in the cygwin b20.1 distribution. We sometimes found it -necessary to use dirty little hacks to persuade make test and perl harness -to play nicely. Since cygwin is in active development, many of these hacks -may not be necessary in the future. These include: + ./Configure 2>&1 | tee log.configure -=over +If you are willing to accept all the defaults run Configure with B<-de>. +However, several useful customizations are available. -=item fix for pragma/locale +=head2 Stripping Perl Binaries on Cygwin -the line '#undef MB_CUR_MAX' was added to ex/POSIX/POSIX.xs. This fixes -a failure in the pragma/locale.t test, which before this fix resulted in a -coredump. It appears that MB_CUR_MAX is #defined __mb_cur_max, and __mb_cur_max -is declared 'extern' in Cygwin b20.1's stdlib.c, but is never defined. Thus, -the error. +It is possible to strip the EXEs and DLLs created by the build process. +The resulting binaries will be significantly smaller. If you want the +binaries to be stripped, you can either add a B<-s> option when Configure +prompts you, -=item fix for lib/io_sock + Any additional ld flags (NOT including libraries)? [none] -s + Any special flags to pass to g++ to create a dynamically loaded + library? + [none] -s + Any special flags to pass to gcc to use dynamic linking? [none] -s -there is a rather extensive patch to t/lib/io_sock.t which works around -a failure related to fork() in the cygwin environment. Cygwin b20.1 does not -properly remap manually loaded DLLs in the child after a fork. +or you can edit F and uncomment the relevant variables +near the end of the file. -=item fix for lib/filehand +=head2 Optional Libraries for Perl on Cygwin -during the make test/perl harness steps, a win32 popup complains about -a "perl.exe Application Error - illegal memory access." This is due to to -a test in t/lib/filehand.t, and is related to the fork + dll problem. +Several Perl functions and modules depend on the existence of +some optional libraries. Configure will find them if they are +installed in one of the directories listed as being used for library +searches. Pre-built packages for most of these are available from +the Cygwin installer. -=item fix for environ +=over 4 -there are a number of changes to miniperlmain.c, util.c, and mg.c that -are there to work around a Cygwin problem relating to environ. +=item * C<-lcrypt> -=item fix for lib/posix +The crypt package distributed with Cygwin is a Linux compatible 56-bit +DES crypt port by Corinna Vinschen. -the following line was added to t/lib/posix.t to work around a Cygwin bug. +Alternatively, the crypt libraries in GNU libc have been ported to Cygwin. -=begin text +As of libcrypt 1.3 (March 2016), you will need to install the +libcrypt-devel package for Configure to detect crypt(). -kill 'CONT', $$ if($^O =~ /cygwin/); # XXX: Cygwin bug INT signal gets stuck +=item * C<-lgdbm_compat> (C) -=end text +GDBM is available for Cygwin. -=back +NOTE: The GDBM library only works on NTFS partitions. + +=item * C<-ldb> (C) + +BerkeleyDB is available for Cygwin. + +NOTE: The BerkeleyDB library only completely works on NTFS partitions. + +=item * C (C) + +A port of SysV IPC is available for Cygwin. + +NOTE: This has B been extensively tested. In particular, +C is undefined because it fails a Configure test +and on Win9x the I functions seem to hang. It also creates +a compile time dependency because F includes F<> +and F<> (which will be required in the future when compiling +CPAN modules). CURRENTLY NOT SUPPORTED! + +=item * C<-lutil> + +Included with the standard Cygwin netrelease is the inetutils package +which includes libutil.a. =back -=head2 Configure +=head2 Configure-time Options for Perl on Cygwin + +The F document describes several Configure-time options. Some of +these will work with Cygwin, others are not yet possible. Also, some of +these are experimental. You can either select an option when Configure +prompts you or you can define (undefine) symbols on the command line. + +=over 4 + +=item * C<-Uusedl> -Check hints/cygwin.sh for any system specific settings. In -particular change libpth to point to the correct location of -...../i586-cygwin32/lib. +Undefining this symbol forces Perl to be compiled statically. -run "sh Configure". +=item * C<-Dusemymalloc> -When confronted with this prompt: +By default Perl does not use the C included with the Perl source, +because it was slower and not entirely thread-safe. If you want to force +Perl to build with the old -Dusemymalloc define this. -=begin text +=item * C<-Uuseperlio> - First time through, eh? I have some defaults handy for the - following systems: - . - . - . - Which of these apply, if any? +Undefining this symbol disables the PerlIO abstraction. PerlIO is now the +default; it is not recommended to disable PerlIO. -=end text +=item * C<-Dusemultiplicity> -select "cygwin". +Multiplicity is required when embedding Perl in a C program and using +more than one interpreter instance. This is only required when you build +a not-threaded perl with C<-Uuseithreads>. -Do not use the malloc that comes with perl--using the perl malloc -collides with some cygwin startup routines. +=item * C<-Uuse64bitint> -=head2 make +By default Perl uses 64 bit integers. If you want to use smaller 32 bit +integers, define this symbol. -Run "make". If you're really feeling adventurous, type -"make 2>&1 | tee make-log.txt". +=item * C<-Duselongdouble> -=over +I supports long doubles (12 bytes). However, several additional +long double math functions are necessary to use them within Perl +(I<{atan2, cos, exp, floor, fmod, frexp, isnan, log, modf, pow, sin, sqrt}l, +strtold>). +These are B yet available with newlib, the Cygwin libc. -=item ld2 +=item * C<-Uuseithreads> -The make script will install ld2 into your $installbin directory (i.e. -wherever you said to put the perl.exe) during the *make* process. It -does not wait until the *make install* process to install the ld2 script. -This is because the remainder of the make refers to ld2 without fully -specifying its path, and does this from multiple subdirectories (so ./ld2 -won't work.) The assumption here is that $installbin is in your current -$PATH. If this is not the case, or if you do not have an install -executable, the make will fail at some point. Don't panic. Just manually -copy ld2 from the source directory to someplace in your path. +Define this symbol if you want not-threaded faster perl. -This cannot be done prior to make, because ld2 is created during the -make process. +=item * C<-Duselargefiles> + +Cygwin uses 64-bit integers for internal size and position calculations, +this will be correctly detected and defined by Configure. + +=item * C<-Dmksymlinks> + +Use this to build perl outside of the source tree. Details can be +found in the F document. This is the recommended way to +build perl from sources. =back -=head2 make test +=head2 Suspicious Warnings on Cygwin + +You may see some messages during Configure that seem suspicious. -Run "make test" to see how stable your system is. I (csw) got the -following errors/warnings: +=over 4 -=over +=item * Win9x and C -=item op/taint +Win9x does not correctly report C with a non-blocking read on a +closed pipe. You will see the following messages: -Got two "missing cygwin1.dll" warning popups. This is because -op/taint wants cygwin1.dll to be somewhere in the system path -(\WINDOWS\SYSTEM, etc) or in the build directory. Can be ignored. + But it also returns -1 to signal EOF, so be careful! + WARNING: you can't distinguish between EOF and no data! -=item lib/filehand + *** WHOA THERE!!! *** + The recommended value for $d_eofnblk on this machine was + "define"! + Keep the recommended value? [y] -Got an "Application Error - memory could not be read" popup. While -this looks alarming, it can be ignored - just click OK. It is -because Cygwin B20.1 doesn't properly remap manually loaded DLLs -in the child after a fork. +At least for consistency with WinNT, you should keep the recommended +value. -=item lib/io_sock +=item * Compiler/Preprocessor defines -Got an "Application Error - memory could not be read" popup. Again, -just click OK and ignore it. +The following error occurs because of the Cygwin C<#define> of +C<_LONG_DOUBLE>: + + Guessing which symbols your C compiler and preprocessor define... + try.c:: missing binary operator + +This failure does not seem to cause any problems. With older gcc +versions, "parse error" is reported instead of "missing binary +operator". =back -=head2 perl harness +=head1 MAKE ON CYGWIN -Once you've run make test, then cd into the t/ subdirectory and -execute './perl harness'. I (csw) got the following results: +Simply run I and wait: -=over + make 2>&1 | tee log.make -=item op/taint +=head1 TEST ON CYGWIN -Got four "missing cygwin1.dll" warning popups. Click OK and -ignore. +There are two steps to running the test suite: -=item lib/filehand + make test 2>&1 | tee log.make-test -Got an "Application Error - memory could not be read" popup. Again, -click OK and ignore. + cd t; ./perl harness 2>&1 | tee ../log.harness -=item lib/io_sock +The same tests are run both times, but more information is provided when +running as C<./perl harness>. -Got an "Application Error - memory could not be read" popup. Again, -clock OK and ignore. +Test results vary depending on your host system and your Cygwin +configuration. If a test can pass in some Cygwin setup, it is always +attempted and explainable test failures are documented. It is possible +for Perl to pass all the tests, but it is more likely that some tests +will fail for one of the reasons listed below. -=item final results +=head2 File Permissions on Cygwin -After the ./perl harness, I got the following results summary. +UNIX file permissions are based on sets of mode bits for +{read,write,execute} for each {user,group,other}. By default Cygwin +only tracks the Win32 read-only attribute represented as the UNIX file +user write bit (files are always readable, files are executable if they +have a F<.{com,bat,exe}> extension or begin with C<#!>, directories are +always readable and executable). On WinNT with the I C +setting, the additional mode bits are stored as extended file attributes. +On WinNT with the default I C setting, permissions use the +standard WinNT security descriptors and access control lists. Without one of +these options, these tests will fail (listing not updated yet): - Failed Test Status Wstat Total Fail Failed List of failed - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - op/taint.t 149 3 2.01% 1, 3, 31 - 9 tests skipped, plus 35 subtests skipped. - Failed 1/190 test scripts, 99.47% okay. 3/6452 subtests failed, 99.95% okay. + Failed Test List of failed + ------------------------------------ + io/fs.t 5, 7, 9-10 + lib/anydbm.t 2 + lib/db-btree.t 20 + lib/db-hash.t 16 + lib/db-recno.t 18 + lib/gdbm.t 2 + lib/ndbm.t 2 + lib/odbm.t 2 + lib/sdbm.t 2 + op/stat.t 9, 20 (.tmp not an executable extension) -=back +=head2 NDBM_File and ODBM_File do not work on FAT filesystems -=head2 make install +Do not use NDBM_File or ODBM_File on FAT filesystem. They can be +built on a FAT filesystem, but many tests will fail: -Finally, run "make install". In my case, the install process was unable -to copy the files from /pod/* to /usr/local/lib/perl5/5.00503/pod/. -I (csw) just copied them by hand after the install finished. I believe -this is because I'm using Sergey Okhapkin's coolview version of the -cygwin1.dll, which provides case sensitivity. The directory is created -as "/usr/local/lib/perl5/5.00503/Pod" but the copy is done into -"/usr/local/lib/perl5/5.00503/pod". This fails -- but probably won't -fail if you're using the default cygwin1.dll. + ../ext/NDBM_File/ndbm.t 13 3328 71 59 83.10% 1-2 4 16-71 + ../ext/ODBM_File/odbm.t 255 65280 ?? ?? % ?? + ../lib/AnyDBM_File.t 2 512 12 2 16.67% 1 4 + ../lib/Memoize/t/errors.t 0 139 11 5 45.45% 7-11 + ../lib/Memoize/t/tie_ndbm.t 13 3328 4 4 100.00% 1-4 + run/fresh_perl.t 97 1 1.03% 91 -=head1 BUGS +If you intend to run only on FAT (or if using AnyDBM_File on FAT), +run Configure with the -Ui_ndbm and -Ui_dbm options to prevent +NDBM_File and ODBM_File being built. -A lot of warnings about incompatible pointer types and comparison -lacking a cast. This is because of __declspec(dllimport). +With NTFS (and no CYGWIN=nontsec), there should be no problems even if +perl was built on FAT. -Upon each start, make warns that a rule for perlmain.o is overrided. -Yes, it is. In order to use libperl.dll, perlmain needs to import -symbols from there. According to alex smishlajev, there seems to be -no better solution than adding an explicit define to the rule. +=head2 C failures in io_* tests -make clean does not remove library .def and .exe.core files. +A C failure may result in the following tests failing: -ld2 script is installed with reference to source directory. You should -change this to /usr/local/bin (or whatever) after install. + ext/IO/lib/IO/t/io_multihomed.t + ext/IO/lib/IO/t/io_sock.t + ext/IO/lib/IO/t/io_unix.t -.bat wrappers for installed utility scripts are not made during installation. +See comment on fork in L below. -=head1 AUTHOR +=head1 Specific features of the Cygwin port -alexander smishlajev +=head2 Script Portability on Cygwin -=head1 DISCLAIMER +Cygwin does an outstanding job of providing UNIX-like semantics on top of +Win32 systems. However, in addition to the items noted above, there are +some differences that you should know about. This is a very brief guide +to portability, more information can be found in the Cygwin documentation. -I (alex) am not going to maintain this document or this port. I only wanted -to make perl porting a bit easier. If failed, I can't be helpful for you. -Contact one of the others listed in the history section. +=over 4 -=head1 HISTORY +=item * Pathnames -=over +Cygwin pathnames are separated by forward (F) slashes, Universal +Naming Codes (F) are also supported Since cygwin-1.7 non-POSIX +pathnames are discouraged. Names may contain all printable +characters. -=item Release 1.4.1: 28-May-1999 +File names are case insensitive, but case preserving. A pathname that +contains a backslash or drive letter is a Win32 pathname, and not +subject to the translations applied to POSIX style pathnames, but +cygwin will warn you, so better convert them to POSIX. -Charles Wilson - cwilson@ece.gatech.edu +For conversion we have C and +C. - Configure minor fix for spaces in $PATH - documentation updates +Since cygwin-1.7 pathnames are UTF-8 encoded. -=item Release 1.4: 26-May-1999 +=item * Text/Binary -Charles Wilson - cwilson@ece.gatech.edu +Since cygwin-1.7 textmounts are deprecated and strongly discouraged. - From Eric Fifer: - hints/cygwin32.sh -L. and --export-dynamic not needed - cygwin32/Makefile.SHs no value needed for -DUSEIMPORTLIB - t/lib/io_sock.t -I../lib so "make test" works - t/lib/posix.t workaround a Cygwin bug so test works - doio.c/perl.h cleanup gcc warning "doio.c:789: warning: - pointer/integer type mismatch in - conditional expression" - From Charles Wilson: - Configure changes to findhdr script - documentation updates - built binary kit for release +When a file is opened it is in either text or binary mode. In text mode +a file is subject to CR/LF/Ctrl-Z translations. With Cygwin, the default +mode for an C is determined by the mode of the mount that underlies +the file. See L(). Perl provides a C function +to set binary mode on files that otherwise would be treated as text. +C with the C flag sets text mode on files that otherwise +would be treated as binary: -=item Release 1.3: 26-May-1999 + sysopen(FOO, "bar", O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_TEXT) -Charles Wilson - cwilson@ece.gatech.edu +C, C and C only work with files opened in binary +mode. - Changes to Cwd.pm to correct lib/findbin.t test failure from Eric Fifer - Changes to t/op/magic.t to correct a test failure from Eric Fifer - Changes to miniperlmain.c, util.c, and mg.c to correct t/op/magic.t #29 - test failure, from Eric Fifer - more documentatino updates, patch merging, and a change to - cygwin/Makefile.SHs -- cw. - 99.95% okay!!! +The text/binary issue is covered at length in the Cygwin documentation. -=item Release 1.2: 25-May-1999 +=item * PerlIO -Charles Wilson - cwilson@ece.gatech.edu +PerlIO overrides the default Cygwin Text/Binary behaviour. A file will +always be treated as binary, regardless of the mode of the mount it lives +on, just like it is in UNIX. So CR/LF translation needs to be requested in +either the C call like this: - fixes for lib/io_sock and pragma/locale from Eric Fifer - fixes for Configure, Makefile.SH, and cygwin32/Makefile.SHs from - alex smishlajev - documentation updates, and other fixes to the fixes from cw. - 99.91% okay!!! + open(FH, ">:crlf", "out.txt"); -=item Release 1.1: 21-May-1999 +which will do conversion from LF to CR/LF on the output, or in the +environment settings (add this to your .bashrc): -Charles Wilson - cwilson@ece.gatech.edu + export PERLIO=crlf -minor change to Configure script, reversed a few changes made by -alexander's patch (made DOSISH #undefined again) and moved code -by alexander from dosish.h to perl.h. Reversed a change in -pp_hot.c +which will pull in the crlf PerlIO layer which does LF -> CRLF conversion +on every output generated by perl. -=item Release 1.0: 16-May-1999 +=item * F<.exe> -Charles Wilson - cwilson@ece.gatech.edu +The Cygwin C, C and C functions make the F<.exe> +extension transparent by looking for F when you ask for F +(unless a F also exists). Cygwin does not require a F<.exe> +extension, but I adds it automatically when building a program. +However, when accessing an executable as a normal file (e.g., I +in a makefile) the F<.exe> is not transparent. The I program +included with Cygwin automatically appends a F<.exe> when necessary. -Merged alexander's patch and Eric's patch into a single -monolithic patch. Minor cleanup. Built binary for distribution. -perl5.005_03-dynamic-patch-v1.0 +=item * Cygwin vs. Windows process ids -=item Pre-release 3: 12-May-1999 +Cygwin processes have their own pid, which is different from the +underlying windows pid. Most posix compliant Proc functions expect +the cygwin pid, but several Win32::Process functions expect the +winpid. E.g. C<$$> is the cygwin pid of F, which is not +the winpid. Use C and C +to translate between them. -Eric Fifer - efifer@sanwaint.com +=item * Cygwin vs. Windows errors -Removed all references to the impure_ptr hack since it is no longer -needed. Some minor cleanup of alexander smishlajev's work and a few -bug fixes. +Under Cygwin, $^E is the same as $!. When using L, +use C to get the last Windows error. -=item Pre-release 2 (initial dynamic build): 17..25-apr-1999 +=item * rebase errors on fork or system -alexander smishlajev - als@turnher.com +Using C or C out to another perl after loading multiple dlls +may result on a DLL baseaddress conflict. The internal cygwin error +looks like like the following: -perl 5.005_03. cygwin b20.1 egcs 1.1.2. far 1.60. nescafe classic. + 0 [main] perl 8916 child_info_fork::abort: data segment start: + parent (0xC1A000) != child(0xA6A000) -=item Pre-release 1 (static build): 5-Mar-1999 +or: -Charles Wilson - cwilson@ece.gatech.edu + 183 [main] perl 3588 C:\cygwin\bin\perl.exe: *** fatal error - + unable to remap C:\cygwin\bin\cygsvn_subr-1-0.dll to same address + as parent(0x6FB30000) != 0x6FE60000 46 [main] perl 3488 fork: child + 3588 - died waiting for dll loading, errno11 -Collected various patches that had been floating around the net, along -with build instructions. Original authorship credit for those patches -goes to: +See L +It helps if not too many DLLs are loaded in memory so the available address space is larger, +e.g. stopping the MS Internet Explorer might help. - Steven Morlock - newspost@morlock.net - Sebastien Barre - Sebastien.Barre@utc.fr - Teun Burgers - burgers@ecn.nl +Use the perlrebase or rebase utilities to resolve the conflicting dll addresses. +The rebase package is included in the Cygwin setup. Use F +from L to install it. -Created a monolithic patchkit (perl5.005_03-static-patch) and build -instructions for cygwin (beta 20.1). Also created a binary distribution -of the resulting static perl build. +1. kill all perl processes and run C or + +2. kill all cygwin processes and services, start dash from cmd.exe and run C. + +=item * C + +On WinNT C can change a file's user and group IDs. On Win9x C +is a no-op, although this is appropriate since there is no security model. + +=item * Miscellaneous + +File locking using the C command to C is a stub that +returns C. + +Win9x can not C an open file (although WinNT can). + +The Cygwin C implementation has holes (it can not restrict file +access by native Win32 programs). + +Inplace editing C of files doesn't work without doing a backup +of the file being edited C because of windowish restrictions, +therefore Perl adds the suffix C<.bak> automatically if you use C +without specifying a backup extension. =back -=head1 APPENDIX +=head2 Prebuilt methods: + +=over 4 + +=item C + +Returns the current working directory. + +=item C + +Translates a cygwin pid to the corresponding Windows pid (which may or +may not be the same). + +=item C + +Translates a Windows pid to the corresponding cygwin pid (if any). + +=item C -Perl harness results from Eric Fifer, under various environments. The same -executable was used in all cases. The last item is a different executable -on a different machine, built by Charles Wilson. +Translates a Windows path to the corresponding cygwin path respecting +the current mount points. With a second non-null argument returns an +absolute path. Double-byte characters will not be translated. -There are a number of very good questions one could ask about anomalies -in the test results presented below. "Why do the last two show different -results?" "Why did op/stat.t #18 pass in the first two tests and fail in -the third?" Short answer: I don't know. Long answer: I really have no -idea. +=item C -=over +Translates a cygwin path to the corresponding cygwin path respecting +the current mount points. With a second non-null argument returns an +absolute path. Double-byte characters will not be translated. -=item text mounts, no 'ntea' +=item C - Failed Test Status Wstat Total Fail Failed List of failed - ------------------------------------------------------------ - lib/anydbm.t 2 512 12 8 66.67% 5-12 - lib/sdbm.t 2 512 18 15 83.33% 2, 5-18 - op/split.t 25 1 4.00% 11 - op/stat.t 58 3 5.17% 9, 19, 26 - op/taint.t 149 3 2.01% 1, 3, 31 +Returns an array of [mnt_dir, mnt_fsname, mnt_type, mnt_opts]. -=item binary mounts, no 'ntea' + perl -e 'for $i (Cygwin::mount_table) {print join(" ",@$i),"\n";}' + /bin c:\cygwin\bin system binmode,cygexec + /usr/bin c:\cygwin\bin system binmode + /usr/lib c:\cygwin\lib system binmode + / c:\cygwin system binmode + /cygdrive/c c: system binmode,noumount + /cygdrive/d d: system binmode,noumount + /cygdrive/e e: system binmode,noumount - Failed Test Status Wstat Total Fail Failed List of failed - ------------------------------------------------------------ - lib/sdbm.t 18 1 5.56% 2 - op/stat.t 58 3 5.17% 9, 19, 26 - op/taint.t 149 3 2.01% 1, 3, 31 +=item C -=item binary mounts, 'ntea' +Returns the mount type and flags for a specified mount point. +A comma-separated string of mntent->mnt_type (always +"system" or "user"), then the mntent->mnt_opts, where +the first is always "binmode" or "textmode". - Failed Test Status Wstat Total Fail Failed List of failed - ------------------------------------------------------------ - op/stat.t 58 3 5.17% 18-19, 26 - op/taint.t 149 3 2.01% 1, 3, 31 + system|user,binmode|textmode,exec,cygexec,cygdrive,mixed, + notexec,managed,nosuid,devfs,proc,noumount -=item binary mounts, ntea (csw build) +If the argument is "/cygdrive", then just the volume mount settings, +and the cygdrive mount prefix are returned. - Failed Test Status Wstat Total Fail Failed List of failed - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - op/taint.t 149 3 2.01% 1, 3, 31 +User mounts override system mounts. + + $ perl -e 'print Cygwin::mount_flags "/usr/bin"' + system,binmode,cygexec + $ perl -e 'print Cygwin::mount_flags "/cygdrive"' + binmode,cygdrive,/cygdrive + +=item C + +Returns true if the given cygwin path is binary mounted, false if the +path is mounted in textmode. + +=item C + +Cygwin does not initialize all original Win32 environment variables. +See the bottom of this page L +for "Restricted Win32 environment". + +Certain Win32 programs called from cygwin programs might need some environment +variable, such as e.g. ADODB needs %COMMONPROGRAMFILES%. +Call Cygwin::sync_winenv() to copy all Win32 environment variables to your +process and note that cygwin will warn on every encounter of non-POSIX paths. =back -=cut +=head1 INSTALL PERL ON CYGWIN + +This will install Perl, including I pages. + + make install 2>&1 | tee log.make-install + +NOTE: If C is redirected C will B prompt +you to install I into F. + +You may need to be I to run C. If you +are not, you must have write access to the directories in question. + +Information on installing the Perl documentation in HTML format can be +found in the F document. + +=head1 MANIFEST ON CYGWIN + +These are the files in the Perl release that contain references to Cygwin. +These very brief notes attempt to explain the reason for all conditional +code. Hopefully, keeping this up to date will allow the Cygwin port to +be kept as clean as possible. + +=over 4 + +=item Documentation + + INSTALL README.cygwin README.win32 MANIFEST + pod/perl.pod pod/perlport.pod pod/perlfaq3.pod + pod/perldelta.pod pod/perl5004delta.pod pod/perl56delta.pod + pod/perl561delta.pod pod/perl570delta.pod pod/perl572delta.pod + pod/perl573delta.pod pod/perl58delta.pod pod/perl581delta.pod + pod/perl590delta.pod pod/perlhist.pod pod/perlmodlib.pod + pod/perltoc.pod Porting/Glossary pod/perlgit.pod + Porting/checkAUTHORS.pl + dist/Cwd/Changes ext/Compress-Raw-Zlib/Changes + dist/Time-HiRes/Changes + ext/Compress-Raw-Zlib/README ext/Compress-Zlib/Changes + ext/DB_File/Changes ext/Encode/Changes ext/Sys-Syslog/Changes + ext/Win32API-File/Changes + lib/ExtUtils/CBuilder/Changes lib/ExtUtils/Changes + lib/ExtUtils/NOTES lib/ExtUtils/PATCHING lib/ExtUtils/README + lib/Net/Ping/Changes lib/Test/Harness/Changes + lib/Term/ANSIColor/ChangeLog lib/Term/ANSIColor/README + README.symbian symbian/TODO + +=item Build, Configure, Make, Install + + cygwin/Makefile.SHs + ext/IPC/SysV/hints/cygwin.pl + ext/NDBM_File/hints/cygwin.pl + ext/ODBM_File/hints/cygwin.pl + hints/cygwin.sh + Configure - help finding hints from uname, + shared libperl required for dynamic loading + Makefile.SH Cross/Makefile-cross-SH + - linklibperl + Porting/patchls - cygwin in port list + installman - man pages with :: translated to . + installperl - install dll, install to 'pods' + makedepend.SH - uwinfix + regen_lib.pl - file permissions + + NetWare/Makefile + plan9/mkfile + symbian/sanity.pl symbian/sisify.pl + hints/uwin.sh + vms/descrip_mms.template + win32/Makefile win32/makefile.mk + +=item Tests + + t/io/fs.t - no file mode checks if not ntsec + skip rename() check when not + check_case:relaxed + t/io/tell.t - binmode + t/lib/cygwin.t - builtin cygwin function tests + t/op/groups.t - basegroup has ID = 0 + t/op/magic.t - $^X/symlink WORKAROUND, s/.exe// + t/op/stat.t - no /dev, skip Win32 ftCreationTime quirk + (cache manager sometimes preserves ctime of + file previously created and deleted), no -u + (setuid) + t/op/taint.t - can't use empty path under Cygwin Perl + t/op/time.t - no tzset() + +=item Compiled Perl Source + + EXTERN.h - __declspec(dllimport) + XSUB.h - __declspec(dllexport) + cygwin/cygwin.c - os_extras (getcwd, spawn, and several + Cygwin:: functions) + perl.c - os_extras, -i.bak + perl.h - binmode + doio.c - win9x can not rename a file when it is open + pp_sys.c - do not define h_errno, init + _pwent_struct.pw_comment + util.c - use setenv + util.h - PERL_FILE_IS_ABSOLUTE macro + pp.c - Comment about Posix vs IEEE math under + Cygwin + perlio.c - CR/LF mode + perliol.c - Comment about EXTCONST under Cygwin + +=item Compiled Module Source + + ext/Compress-Raw-Zlib/Makefile.PL + - Can't install via CPAN shell under Cygwin + ext/Compress-Raw-Zlib/zlib-src/zutil.h + - Cygwin is Unix-like and has vsnprintf + ext/Errno/Errno_pm.PL - Special handling for Win32 Perl under + Cygwin + ext/POSIX/POSIX.xs - tzname defined externally + ext/SDBM_File/sdbm/pair.c + - EXTCONST needs to be redefined from + EXTERN.h + ext/SDBM_File/sdbm/sdbm.c + - binary open + ext/Sys/Syslog/Syslog.xs + - Cygwin has syslog.h + ext/Sys/Syslog/win32/compile.pl + - Convert paths to Windows paths + ext/Time-HiRes/HiRes.xs + - Various timers not available + ext/Time-HiRes/Makefile.PL + - Find w32api/windows.h + ext/Win32/Makefile.PL - Use various libraries under Cygwin + ext/Win32/Win32.xs - Child dir and child env under Cygwin + ext/Win32API-File/File.xs + - _open_osfhandle not implemented under + Cygwin + ext/Win32CORE/Win32CORE.c + - __declspec(dllexport) + +=item Perl Modules/Scripts + + ext/B/t/OptreeCheck.pm - Comment about stderr/stdout order under + Cygwin + ext/Digest-SHA/bin/shasum + - Use binary mode under Cygwin + ext/Sys/Syslog/win32/Win32.pm + - Convert paths to Windows paths + ext/Time-HiRes/HiRes.pm + - Comment about various timers not available + ext/Win32API-File/File.pm + - _open_osfhandle not implemented under + Cygwin + ext/Win32CORE/Win32CORE.pm + - History of Win32CORE under Cygwin + lib/Cwd.pm - hook to internal Cwd::cwd + lib/ExtUtils/CBuilder/Platform/cygwin.pm + - use gcc for ld, and link to libperl.dll.a + lib/ExtUtils/CBuilder.pm + - Cygwin is Unix-like + lib/ExtUtils/Install.pm - Install and rename issues under Cygwin + lib/ExtUtils/MM.pm - OS classifications + lib/ExtUtils/MM_Any.pm - Example for Cygwin + lib/ExtUtils/MakeMaker.pm + - require MM_Cygwin.pm + lib/ExtUtils/MM_Cygwin.pm + - canonpath, cflags, manifypods, perl_archive + lib/File/Fetch.pm - Comment about quotes using a Cygwin example + lib/File/Find.pm - on remote drives stat() always sets + st_nlink to 1 + lib/File/Spec/Cygwin.pm - case_tolerant + lib/File/Spec/Unix.pm - preserve //unc + lib/File/Spec/Win32.pm - References a message on cygwin.com + lib/File/Spec.pm - Pulls in lib/File/Spec/Cygwin.pm + lib/File/Temp.pm - no directory sticky bit + lib/Module/CoreList.pm - List of all module files and versions + lib/Net/Domain.pm - No domainname command under Cygwin + lib/Net/Netrc.pm - Bypass using stat() under Cygwin + lib/Net/Ping.pm - ECONREFUSED is EAGAIN under Cygwin + lib/Pod/Find.pm - Set 'pods' dir + lib/Pod/Perldoc/ToMan.pm - '-c' switch for pod2man + lib/Pod/Perldoc.pm - Use 'less' pager, and use .exe extension + lib/Term/ANSIColor.pm - Cygwin terminal info + lib/perl5db.pl - use stdin not /dev/tty + utils/perlbug.PL - Add CYGWIN environment variable to report + +=item Perl Module Tests + + dist/Cwd/t/cwd.t + ext/Compress-Zlib/t/14gzopen.t + ext/DB_File/t/db-btree.t + ext/DB_File/t/db-hash.t + ext/DB_File/t/db-recno.t + ext/DynaLoader/t/DynaLoader.t + ext/File-Glob/t/basic.t + ext/GDBM_File/t/gdbm.t + ext/POSIX/t/sysconf.t + ext/POSIX/t/time.t + ext/SDBM_File/t/sdbm.t + ext/Sys/Syslog/t/syslog.t + ext/Time-HiRes/t/HiRes.t + ext/Win32/t/Unicode.t + ext/Win32API-File/t/file.t + ext/Win32CORE/t/win32core.t + lib/AnyDBM_File.t + lib/Archive/Extract/t/01_Archive-Extract.t + lib/Archive/Tar/t/02_methods.t + lib/ExtUtils/t/Embed.t + lib/ExtUtils/t/eu_command.t + lib/ExtUtils/t/MM_Cygwin.t + lib/ExtUtils/t/MM_Unix.t + lib/File/Compare.t + lib/File/Copy.t + lib/File/Find/t/find.t + lib/File/Path.t + lib/File/Spec/t/crossplatform.t + lib/File/Spec/t/Spec.t + lib/Net/hostent.t + lib/Net/Ping/t/110_icmp_inst.t + lib/Net/Ping/t/500_ping_icmp.t + lib/Net/t/netrc.t + lib/Pod/Simple/t/perlcyg.pod + lib/Pod/Simple/t/perlcygo.txt + lib/Pod/Simple/t/perlfaq.pod + lib/Pod/Simple/t/perlfaqo.txt + lib/User/grent.t + lib/User/pwent.t + +=back + +=head1 BUGS ON CYGWIN + +Support for swapping real and effective user and group IDs is incomplete. +On WinNT Cygwin provides C, C, C and C. +However, additional Cygwin calls for manipulating WinNT access tokens +and security contexts are required. + +=head1 AUTHORS + +Charles Wilson , +Eric Fifer , +alexander smishlajev , +Steven Morlock , +Sebastien Barre , +Teun Burgers , +Gerrit P. Haase , +Reini Urban , +Jan Dubois , +Jerry D. Hedden . + +=head1 HISTORY + +Last updated: 2012-02-08