X-Git-Url: https://perl5.git.perl.org/perl5.git/blobdiff_plain/5a7d6335190115924fb02ebaba4cc17bde07c125..f688e3acac1195ff1fc1037245fc7d642c63538d:/malloc.c diff --git a/malloc.c b/malloc.c index 2716045..6a2ff15 100644 --- a/malloc.c +++ b/malloc.c @@ -125,6 +125,9 @@ # Type of size argument for allocation functions MEM_SIZE unsigned long + # size of void* + PTRSIZE 4 + # Maximal value in LONG LONG_MAX 0x7FFFFFFF @@ -143,9 +146,15 @@ # Fatal error reporting function croak(format, arg) warn(idem) + exit(1) + # Fatal error reporting function + croak2(format, arg1, arg2) warn2(idem) + exit(1) + # Error reporting function warn(format, arg) fprintf(stderr, idem) + # Error reporting function + warn2(format, arg1, arg2) fprintf(stderr, idem) + # Locking/unlocking for MT operation MALLOC_LOCK MUTEX_LOCK(&PL_malloc_mutex) MALLOC_UNLOCK MUTEX_UNLOCK(&PL_malloc_mutex) @@ -213,7 +222,7 @@ * This is designed for use in a program that uses vast quantities of memory, * but bombs when it runs out. * - * Modifications Copyright Ilya Zakharevich 1996-98. + * Modifications Copyright Ilya Zakharevich 1996-99. * * Still very quick, but much more thrifty. (Std config is 10% slower * than it was, and takes 67% of old heap size for typical usage.) @@ -227,7 +236,17 @@ #ifdef PERL_CORE # include "EXTERN.h" +# define PERL_IN_MALLOC_C # include "perl.h" +# if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT) +# define croak Perl_croak_nocontext +# define croak2 Perl_croak_nocontext +# define warn Perl_warn_nocontext +# define warn2 Perl_warn_nocontext +# else +# define croak2 croak +# define warn2 warn +# endif #else # ifdef PERL_FOR_X2P # include "../EXTERN.h" @@ -240,6 +259,9 @@ # ifndef Malloc_t # define Malloc_t void * # endif +# ifndef PTRSIZE +# define PTRSIZE 4 +# endif # ifndef MEM_SIZE # define MEM_SIZE unsigned long # endif @@ -263,9 +285,15 @@ # ifndef croak /* make depend */ # define croak(mess, arg) (warn((mess), (arg)), exit(1)) # endif +# ifndef croak2 /* make depend */ +# define croak2(mess, arg1, arg2) (warn2((mess), (arg1), (arg2)), exit(1)) +# endif # ifndef warn # define warn(mess, arg) fprintf(stderr, (mess), (arg)) # endif +# ifndef warn2 +# define warn2(mess, arg1) fprintf(stderr, (mess), (arg1), (arg2)) +# endif # ifdef DEBUG_m # undef DEBUG_m # endif @@ -273,6 +301,34 @@ # ifdef DEBUGGING # undef DEBUGGING # endif +# ifndef pTHX +# define pTHX void +# define pTHX_ +# ifdef HASATTRIBUTE +# define dTHX extern int Perl___notused PERL_UNUSED_DECL +# else +# define dTHX extern int Perl___notused +# endif +# define WITH_THX(s) s +# endif +# ifndef PERL_GET_INTERP +# define PERL_GET_INTERP PL_curinterp +# endif +# ifndef Perl_malloc +# define Perl_malloc malloc +# endif +# ifndef Perl_mfree +# define Perl_mfree free +# endif +# ifndef Perl_realloc +# define Perl_realloc realloc +# endif +# ifndef Perl_calloc +# define Perl_calloc calloc +# endif +# ifndef Perl_strdup +# define Perl_strdup strdup +# endif #endif #ifndef MUTEX_LOCK @@ -297,8 +353,18 @@ #ifdef DEBUGGING # undef DEBUG_m -# define DEBUG_m(a) if (PL_debug & 128) a +# define DEBUG_m(a) \ + STMT_START { \ + if (PERL_GET_INTERP) { dTHX; if (DEBUG_m_TEST) { a; } } \ + } STMT_END +#endif + +#ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT +# define PERL_IS_ALIVE aTHX +#else +# define PERL_IS_ALIVE TRUE #endif + /* * Layout of memory: @@ -308,7 +374,7 @@ * of such *unused* blocks are kept in nextf[i] with big enough i. (nextf * is an array of linked lists.) (Addresses of used blocks are not known.) * - * Moreover, since the algorithm may try to "bite" smaller blocks of out + * Moreover, since the algorithm may try to "bite" smaller blocks out * of unused bigger ones, there are also regions of "irregular" size, * managed separately, by a linked list chunk_chain. * @@ -367,13 +433,11 @@ #define u_char unsigned char #define u_int unsigned int - -#ifdef HAS_QUAD -# define u_bigint UV /* Needs to eat *void. */ -#else /* needed? */ -# define u_bigint unsigned long /* Needs to eat *void. */ -#endif - +/* + * I removed the definition of u_bigint which appeared to be u_bigint = UV + * u_bigint was only used in TWOK_MASKED and TWOK_SHIFT + * where I have used PTR2UV. RMB + */ #define u_short unsigned short /* 286 and atarist like big chunks, which gives too much overhead. */ @@ -398,8 +462,13 @@ union overhead { double strut; /* alignment problems */ #endif struct { - u_char ovu_magic; /* magic number */ +/* + * Keep the ovu_index and ovu_magic in this order, having a char + * field first gives alignment indigestion in some systems, such as + * MachTen. + */ u_char ovu_index; /* bucket # */ + u_char ovu_magic; /* magic number */ #ifdef RCHECK u_short ovu_size; /* actual block size */ u_int ovu_rmagic; /* range magic number */ @@ -411,13 +480,6 @@ union overhead { #define ov_rmagic ovu.ovu_rmagic }; -#ifdef DEBUGGING -static void botch _((char *diag, char *s)); -#endif -static void morecore _((int bucket)); -static int findbucket _((union overhead *freep, int srchlen)); -static void add_to_chain(void *p, MEM_SIZE size, MEM_SIZE chip); - #define MAGIC 0xff /* magic # on accounting info */ #define RMAGIC 0x55555555 /* magic # on range info */ #define RMAGIC_C 0x55 /* magic # on range info */ @@ -479,36 +541,128 @@ static u_short buck_size[MAX_BUCKET_BY_TABLE + 1] = #ifdef PACK_MALLOC -/* In this case it is assumed that if we do sbrk() in 2K units, we - * will get 2K aligned arenas (at least after some initial - * alignment). The bucket number of the given subblock is on the start - * of 2K arena which contains the subblock. Several following bytes - * contain the magic numbers for the subblocks in the block. +/* In this case there are several possible layout of arenas depending + * on the size. Arenas are of sizes multiple to 2K, 2K-aligned, and + * have a size close to a power of 2. * - * Sizes of chunks are powers of 2 for chunks in buckets <= - * MAX_PACKED, after this they are (2^n - sizeof(union overhead)) (to - * get alignment right). + * Arenas of the size >= 4K keep one chunk only. Arenas of size 2K + * may keep one chunk or multiple chunks. Here are the possible + * layouts of arenas: * - * Consider an arena for 2^n with n>MAX_PACKED. We suppose that - * starts of all the chunks in a 2K arena are in different - * 2^n-byte-long chunks. If the top of the last chunk is aligned on a - * boundary of 2K block, this means that sizeof(union - * overhead)*"number of chunks" < 2^n, or sizeof(union overhead)*2K < - * 4^n, or n > 6 + log2(sizeof()/2)/2, since a chunk of size 2^n - - * overhead is used. Since this rules out n = 7 for 8 byte alignment, - * we specialcase allocation of the first of 16 128-byte-long chunks. + * # One chunk only, chunksize 2^k + SOMETHING - ALIGN, k >= 11 * - * Note that with the above assumption we automatically have enough - * place for MAGIC at the start of 2K block. Note also that we - * overlay union overhead over the chunk, thus the start of small chunks - * is immediately overwritten after freeing. */ + * INDEX MAGIC1 UNUSED CHUNK1 + * + * # Multichunk with sanity checking and chunksize 2^k-ALIGN, k>7 + * + * INDEX MAGIC1 MAGIC2 MAGIC3 UNUSED CHUNK1 CHUNK2 CHUNK3 ... + * + * # Multichunk with sanity checking and size 2^k-ALIGN, k=7 + * + * INDEX MAGIC1 MAGIC2 MAGIC3 UNUSED CHUNK1 UNUSED CHUNK2 CHUNK3 ... + * + * # Multichunk with sanity checking and size up to 80 + * + * INDEX UNUSED MAGIC1 UNUSED MAGIC2 UNUSED ... CHUNK1 CHUNK2 CHUNK3 ... + * + * # No sanity check (usually up to 48=byte-long buckets) + * INDEX UNUSED CHUNK1 CHUNK2 ... + * + * Above INDEX and MAGIC are one-byte-long. Sizes of UNUSED are + * appropriate to keep algorithms simple and memory aligned. INDEX + * encodes the size of the chunk, while MAGICn encodes state (used, + * free or non-managed-by-us-so-it-indicates-a-bug) of CHUNKn. MAGIC + * is used for sanity checking purposes only. SOMETHING is 0 or 4K + * (to make size of big CHUNK accomodate allocations for powers of two + * better). + * + * [There is no need to alignment between chunks, since C rules ensure + * that structs which need 2^k alignment have sizeof which is + * divisible by 2^k. Thus as far as the last chunk is aligned at the + * end of the arena, and 2K-alignment does not contradict things, + * everything is going to be OK for sizes of chunks 2^n and 2^n + + * 2^k. Say, 80-bit buckets will be 16-bit aligned, and as far as we + * put allocations for requests in 65..80 range, all is fine. + * + * Note, however, that standard malloc() puts more strict + * requirements than the above C rules. Moreover, our algorithms of + * realloc() may break this idyll, but we suppose that realloc() does + * need not change alignment.] + * + * Is very important to make calculation of the offset of MAGICm as + * quick as possible, since it is done on each malloc()/free(). In + * fact it is so quick that it has quite little effect on the speed of + * doing malloc()/free(). [By default] We forego such calculations + * for small chunks, but only to save extra 3% of memory, not because + * of speed considerations. + * + * Here is the algorithm [which is the same for all the allocations + * schemes above], see OV_MAGIC(block,bucket). Let OFFSETm be the + * offset of the CHUNKm from the start of ARENA. Then offset of + * MAGICm is (OFFSET1 >> SHIFT) + ADDOFFSET. Here SHIFT and ADDOFFSET + * are numbers which depend on the size of the chunks only. + * + * Let as check some sanity conditions. Numbers OFFSETm>>SHIFT are + * different for all the chunks in the arena if 2^SHIFT is not greater + * than size of the chunks in the arena. MAGIC1 will not overwrite + * INDEX provided ADDOFFSET is >0 if OFFSET1 < 2^SHIFT. MAGIClast + * will not overwrite CHUNK1 if OFFSET1 > (OFFSETlast >> SHIFT) + + * ADDOFFSET. + * + * Make SHIFT the maximal possible (there is no point in making it + * smaller). Since OFFSETlast is 2K - CHUNKSIZE, above restrictions + * give restrictions on OFFSET1 and on ADDOFFSET. + * + * In particular, for chunks of size 2^k with k>=6 we can put + * ADDOFFSET to be from 0 to 2^k - 2^(11-k), and have + * OFFSET1==chunksize. For chunks of size 80 OFFSET1 of 2K%80=48 is + * large enough to have ADDOFFSET between 1 and 16 (similarly for 96, + * when ADDOFFSET should be 1). In particular, keeping MAGICs for + * these sizes gives no additional size penalty. + * + * However, for chunks of size 2^k with k<=5 this gives OFFSET1 >= + * ADDOFSET + 2^(11-k). Keeping ADDOFFSET 0 allows for 2^(11-k)-2^(11-2k) + * chunks per arena. This is smaller than 2^(11-k) - 1 which are + * needed if no MAGIC is kept. [In fact, having a negative ADDOFFSET + * would allow for slightly more buckets per arena for k=2,3.] + * + * Similarly, for chunks of size 3/2*2^k with k<=5 MAGICs would span + * the area up to 2^(11-k)+ADDOFFSET. For k=4 this give optimal + * ADDOFFSET as -7..0. For k=3 ADDOFFSET can go up to 4 (with tiny + * savings for negative ADDOFFSET). For k=5 ADDOFFSET can go -1..16 + * (with no savings for negative values). + * + * In particular, keeping ADDOFFSET 0 for sizes of chunks up to 2^6 + * leads to tiny pessimizations in case of sizes 4, 8, 12, 24, and + * leads to no contradictions except for size=80 (or 96.) + * + * However, it also makes sense to keep no magic for sizes 48 or less. + * This is what we do. In this case one needs ADDOFFSET>=1 also for + * chunksizes 12, 24, and 48, unless one gets one less chunk per + * arena. + * + * The algo of OV_MAGIC(block,bucket) keeps ADDOFFSET 0 until + * chunksize of 64, then makes it 1. + * + * This allows for an additional optimization: the above scheme leads + * to giant overheads for sizes 128 or more (one whole chunk needs to + * be sacrifised to keep INDEX). Instead we use chunks not of size + * 2^k, but of size 2^k-ALIGN. If we pack these chunks at the end of + * the arena, then the beginnings are still in different 2^k-long + * sections of the arena if k>=7 for ALIGN==4, and k>=8 if ALIGN=8. + * Thus for k>7 the above algo of calculating the offset of the magic + * will still give different answers for different chunks. And to + * avoid the overrun of MAGIC1 into INDEX, one needs ADDOFFSET of >=1. + * In the case k=7 we just move the first chunk an extra ALIGN + * backward inside the ARENA (this is done once per arena lifetime, + * thus is not a big overhead). */ # define MAX_PACKED_POW2 6 # define MAX_PACKED (MAX_PACKED_POW2 * BUCKETS_PER_POW2 + BUCKET_POW2_SHIFT) # define MAX_POW2_ALGO ((1<<(MAX_PACKED_POW2 + 1)) - M_OVERHEAD) # define TWOK_MASK ((1<> \ @@ -700,11 +854,17 @@ static char bucket_of[] = # define SBRK_FAILURE_PRICE 50 #endif -#if defined(PERL_EMERGENCY_SBRK) && defined(PERL_CORE) +static void morecore (register int bucket); +# if defined(DEBUGGING) +static void botch (char *diag, char *s); +# endif +static void add_to_chain (void *p, MEM_SIZE size, MEM_SIZE chip); +static void* get_from_chain (MEM_SIZE size); +static void* get_from_bigger_buckets(int bucket, MEM_SIZE size); +static union overhead *getpages (MEM_SIZE needed, int *nblksp, int bucket); +static int getpages_adjacent(MEM_SIZE require); -# ifndef BIG_SIZE -# define BIG_SIZE (1<<16) /* 64K */ -# endif +#ifdef PERL_CORE #ifdef I_MACH_CTHREADS # undef MUTEX_LOCK @@ -713,19 +873,66 @@ static char bucket_of[] = # define MUTEX_UNLOCK(m) STMT_START { if (*m) mutex_unlock(*m); } STMT_END #endif +#ifndef BITS_IN_PTR +# define BITS_IN_PTR (8*PTRSIZE) +#endif + +/* + * nextf[i] is the pointer to the next free block of size 2^i. The + * smallest allocatable block is 8 bytes. The overhead information + * precedes the data area returned to the user. + */ +#define NBUCKETS (BITS_IN_PTR*BUCKETS_PER_POW2 + 1) +static union overhead *nextf[NBUCKETS]; + +#if defined(PURIFY) && !defined(USE_PERL_SBRK) +# define USE_PERL_SBRK +#endif + +#ifdef USE_PERL_SBRK +# define sbrk(a) Perl_sbrk(a) +Malloc_t Perl_sbrk (int size); +#else +# ifndef HAS_SBRK_PROTO /* usually takes care of this */ +extern Malloc_t sbrk(int); +# endif +#endif + +#ifdef DEBUGGING_MSTATS +/* + * nmalloc[i] is the difference between the number of mallocs and frees + * for a given block size. + */ +static u_int nmalloc[NBUCKETS]; +static u_int sbrk_slack; +static u_int start_slack; +#else /* !( defined DEBUGGING_MSTATS ) */ +# define sbrk_slack 0 +#endif + +static u_int goodsbrk; + +# ifdef PERL_EMERGENCY_SBRK + +# ifndef BIG_SIZE +# define BIG_SIZE (1<<16) /* 64K */ +# endif + static char *emergency_buffer; static MEM_SIZE emergency_buffer_size; -static Malloc_t emergency_sbrk(MEM_SIZE size); +static int no_mem; /* 0 if the last request for more memory succeeded. + Otherwise the size of the failing request. */ static Malloc_t emergency_sbrk(MEM_SIZE size) { MEM_SIZE rsize = (((size - 1)>>LOG_OF_MIN_ARENA) + 1)<= BIG_SIZE) { - /* Give the possibility to recover: */ + if (size >= BIG_SIZE && (!no_mem || (size < no_mem))) { + /* Give the possibility to recover, but avoid an infinite cycle. */ MALLOC_UNLOCK; - croak("Out of memory during \"large\" request for %i bytes", size); + no_mem = size; + croak2("Out of memory during \"large\" request for %"UVuf" bytes, total sbrk() is %"UVuf" bytes", (UV)size, (UV)(goodsbrk + sbrk_slack)); } if (emergency_buffer_size >= rsize) { @@ -735,7 +942,7 @@ emergency_sbrk(MEM_SIZE size) emergency_buffer += rsize; return old; } else { - dTHR; + dTHX; /* First offense, give a possibility to recover by dieing. */ /* No malloc involved here: */ GV **gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(PL_defstash, "^M", 2, 0); @@ -760,7 +967,7 @@ emergency_sbrk(MEM_SIZE size) /* Got it, now detach SvPV: */ pv = SvPV(sv, n_a); /* Check alignment: */ - if (((UV)(pv - sizeof(union overhead))) & (NEEDED_ALIGNMENT - 1)) { + if ((PTR2UV(pv) - sizeof(union overhead)) & (NEEDED_ALIGNMENT - 1)) { PerlIO_puts(PerlIO_stderr(),"Bad alignment of $^M!\n"); return (char *)-1; /* die die die */ } @@ -773,45 +980,15 @@ emergency_sbrk(MEM_SIZE size) } do_croak: MALLOC_UNLOCK; - croak("Out of memory during request for %i bytes", size); + croak("Out of memory during request for %"UVuf" bytes, total sbrk() is %"UVuf" bytes", (UV)size, (UV)(goodsbrk + sbrk_slack)); + /* NOTREACHED */ + return Nullch; } -#else /* !(defined(PERL_EMERGENCY_SBRK) && defined(PERL_CORE)) */ +# else /* !defined(PERL_EMERGENCY_SBRK) */ # define emergency_sbrk(size) -1 -#endif /* !(defined(PERL_EMERGENCY_SBRK) && defined(PERL_CORE)) */ - -/* - * nextf[i] is the pointer to the next free block of size 2^i. The - * smallest allocatable block is 8 bytes. The overhead information - * precedes the data area returned to the user. - */ -#define NBUCKETS (32*BUCKETS_PER_POW2 + 1) -static union overhead *nextf[NBUCKETS]; - -#ifdef USE_PERL_SBRK -#define sbrk(a) Perl_sbrk(a) -Malloc_t Perl_sbrk _((int size)); -#else -#ifdef DONT_DECLARE_STD -#ifdef I_UNISTD -#include -#endif -#else -extern Malloc_t sbrk(int); -#endif -#endif - -#ifdef DEBUGGING_MSTATS -/* - * nmalloc[i] is the difference between the number of mallocs and frees - * for a given block size. - */ -static u_int nmalloc[NBUCKETS]; -static u_int sbrk_slack; -static u_int start_slack; -#endif - -static u_int goodsbrk; +# endif +#endif /* ifdef PERL_CORE */ #ifdef DEBUGGING #undef ASSERT @@ -819,6 +996,7 @@ static u_int goodsbrk; static void botch(char *diag, char *s) { + dTHX; PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stderr(), "assertion botched (%s?): %s\n", diag, s); PerlProc_abort(); } @@ -840,10 +1018,9 @@ Perl_malloc(register size_t nbytes) BARK_64K_LIMIT("Allocation",nbytes,nbytes); #ifdef DEBUGGING if ((long)nbytes < 0) - croak("%s", "panic: malloc"); + croak("%s", "panic: malloc"); #endif - MALLOC_LOCK; /* * Convert amount of memory requested into * closest block size stored in hash buckets @@ -868,13 +1045,16 @@ Perl_malloc(register size_t nbytes) POW2_OPTIMIZE_ADJUST(nbytes); nbytes += M_OVERHEAD; nbytes = (nbytes + 3) &~ 3; +#if defined(PACK_MALLOC) && !defined(SMALL_BUCKET_VIA_TABLE) do_shifts: +#endif shiftr = (nbytes - 1) >> START_SHIFT; bucket = START_SHIFTS_BUCKET; /* apart from this loop, this is O(1) */ while (shiftr >>= 1) bucket += BUCKETS_PER_POW2; } + MALLOC_LOCK; /* * If nothing in hash bucket right now, * request more memory from the system. @@ -884,27 +1064,67 @@ Perl_malloc(register size_t nbytes) if ((p = nextf[bucket]) == NULL) { MALLOC_UNLOCK; #ifdef PERL_CORE - if (!PL_nomemok) { - PerlIO_puts(PerlIO_stderr(),"Out of memory!\n"); - my_exit(1); - } + { + dTHX; + if (!PL_nomemok) { +#if defined(PLAIN_MALLOC) && defined(NO_FANCY_MALLOC) + PerlIO_puts(PerlIO_stderr(),"Out of memory!\n"); #else - return (NULL); + char buff[80]; + char *eb = buff + sizeof(buff) - 1; + char *s = eb; + size_t n = nbytes; + + PerlIO_puts(PerlIO_stderr(),"Out of memory during request for "); +#if defined(DEBUGGING) || defined(RCHECK) + n = size; #endif + *s = 0; + do { + *--s = '0' + (n % 10); + } while (n /= 10); + PerlIO_puts(PerlIO_stderr(),s); + PerlIO_puts(PerlIO_stderr()," bytes, total sbrk() is "); + s = eb; + n = goodsbrk + sbrk_slack; + do { + *--s = '0' + (n % 10); + } while (n /= 10); + PerlIO_puts(PerlIO_stderr(),s); + PerlIO_puts(PerlIO_stderr()," bytes!\n"); +#endif /* defined(PLAIN_MALLOC) && defined(NO_FANCY_MALLOC) */ + my_exit(1); + } + } +#endif + return (NULL); } DEBUG_m(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, - "0x%lx: (%05lu) malloc %ld bytes\n", - (unsigned long)(p+1), (unsigned long)(PL_an++), + "0x%"UVxf": (%05lu) malloc %ld bytes\n", + PTR2UV(p), (unsigned long)(PL_an++), (long)size)); /* remove from linked list */ #if defined(RCHECK) - if (((UV)p) & (MEM_ALIGNBYTES - 1)) - PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stderr(), "Corrupt malloc ptr 0x%lx at 0x%lx\n", - (unsigned long)*((int*)p),(unsigned long)p); + if ((PTR2UV(p)) & (MEM_ALIGNBYTES - 1)) { + dTHX; + PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stderr(), + "Unaligned pointer in the free chain 0x%"UVxf"\n", + PTR2UV(p)); + } + if ((PTR2UV(p->ov_next)) & (MEM_ALIGNBYTES - 1)) { + dTHX; + PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stderr(), + "Unaligned `next' pointer in the free " + "chain 0x%"UVxf" at 0x%"UVxf"\n", + PTR2UV(p->ov_next), PTR2UV(p)); + } #endif nextf[bucket] = p->ov_next; + + MALLOC_UNLOCK; + #ifdef IGNORE_SMALL_BAD_FREE if (bucket >= FIRST_BUCKET_WITH_CHECK) #endif @@ -932,7 +1152,6 @@ Perl_malloc(register size_t nbytes) *((u_int *)((caddr_t)p + nbytes - RSLOP)) = RMAGIC; } #endif - MALLOC_UNLOCK; return ((Malloc_t)(p + CHUNK_SHIFT)); } @@ -1036,14 +1255,14 @@ get_from_bigger_buckets(int bucket, MEM_SIZE size) } static union overhead * -getpages(int needed, int *nblksp, int bucket) +getpages(MEM_SIZE needed, int *nblksp, int bucket) { /* Need to do (possibly expensive) system call. Try to optimize it for rare calling. */ MEM_SIZE require = needed - sbrked_remains; char *cp; union overhead *ovp; - int slack = 0; + MEM_SIZE slack = 0; if (sbrk_good > 0) { if (!last_sbrk_top && require < FIRST_SBRK) @@ -1097,8 +1316,8 @@ getpages(int needed, int *nblksp, int bucket) # ifndef I286 /* The sbrk(0) call on the I286 always returns the next segment */ /* WANTED_ALIGNMENT may be more than NEEDED_ALIGNMENT, but this may improve performance of memory access. */ - if ((UV)cp & (WANTED_ALIGNMENT - 1)) { /* Not aligned. */ - slack = WANTED_ALIGNMENT - ((UV)cp & (WANTED_ALIGNMENT - 1)); + if (PTR2UV(cp) & (WANTED_ALIGNMENT - 1)) { /* Not aligned. */ + slack = WANTED_ALIGNMENT - (PTR2UV(cp) & (WANTED_ALIGNMENT - 1)); add += slack; } # endif @@ -1159,16 +1378,16 @@ getpages(int needed, int *nblksp, int bucket) */ # if NEEDED_ALIGNMENT > MEM_ALIGNBYTES - if ((UV)ovp & (NEEDED_ALIGNMENT - 1)) + if (PTR2UV(ovp) & (NEEDED_ALIGNMENT - 1)) fatalcroak("Misalignment of sbrk()\n"); else # endif #ifndef I286 /* Again, this should always be ok on an 80286 */ - if ((UV)ovp & (MEM_ALIGNBYTES - 1)) { + if (PTR2UV(ovp) & (MEM_ALIGNBYTES - 1)) { DEBUG_m(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "fixing sbrk(): %d bytes off machine alignement\n", - (int)((UV)ovp & (MEM_ALIGNBYTES - 1)))); - ovp = (union overhead *)(((UV)ovp + MEM_ALIGNBYTES) & + (int)(PTR2UV(ovp) & (MEM_ALIGNBYTES - 1)))); + ovp = INT2PTR(union overhead *,(PTR2UV(ovp) + MEM_ALIGNBYTES) & (MEM_ALIGNBYTES - 1)); (*nblksp)--; # if defined(DEBUGGING_MSTATS) @@ -1181,6 +1400,9 @@ getpages(int needed, int *nblksp, int bucket) sbrked_remains = require - needed; last_op = cp; } +#if !defined(PLAIN_MALLOC) && !defined(NO_FANCY_MALLOC) + no_mem = 0; +#endif last_sbrk_top = cp + require; #ifdef DEBUGGING_MSTATS goodsbrk += require; @@ -1189,7 +1411,7 @@ getpages(int needed, int *nblksp, int bucket) } static int -getpages_adjacent(int require) +getpages_adjacent(MEM_SIZE require) { if (require <= sbrked_remains) { sbrked_remains -= require; @@ -1331,7 +1553,7 @@ morecore(register int bucket) Free_t Perl_mfree(void *mp) -{ +{ register MEM_SIZE size; register union overhead *ovp; char *cp = (char*)mp; @@ -1340,8 +1562,8 @@ Perl_mfree(void *mp) #endif DEBUG_m(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, - "0x%lx: (%05lu) free\n", - (unsigned long)cp, (unsigned long)(PL_an++))); + "0x%"UVxf": (%05lu) free\n", + PTR2UV(cp), (unsigned long)(PL_an++))); if (cp == NULL) return; @@ -1359,20 +1581,38 @@ Perl_mfree(void *mp) { static int bad_free_warn = -1; if (bad_free_warn == -1) { + dTHX; char *pbf = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_BADFREE"); bad_free_warn = (pbf) ? atoi(pbf) : 1; } if (!bad_free_warn) return; #ifdef RCHECK +#ifdef PERL_CORE + { + dTHX; + if (!PERL_IS_ALIVE || !PL_curcop || ckWARN_d(WARN_MALLOC)) + Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_MALLOC, "%s free() ignored", + ovp->ov_rmagic == RMAGIC - 1 ? + "Duplicate" : "Bad"); + } +#else warn("%s free() ignored", ovp->ov_rmagic == RMAGIC - 1 ? "Duplicate" : "Bad"); +#endif +#else +#ifdef PERL_CORE + { + dTHX; + if (!PERL_IS_ALIVE || !PL_curcop || ckWARN_d(WARN_MALLOC)) + Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_MALLOC, "%s", "Bad free() ignored"); + } #else warn("%s", "Bad free() ignored"); #endif +#endif return; /* sanity */ } - MALLOC_LOCK; #ifdef RCHECK ASSERT(ovp->ov_rmagic == RMAGIC, "chunk's head overwrite"); if (OV_INDEX(ovp) <= MAX_SHORT_BUCKET) { @@ -1393,74 +1633,90 @@ Perl_mfree(void *mp) #endif ASSERT(OV_INDEX(ovp) < NBUCKETS, "chunk's head overwrite"); size = OV_INDEX(ovp); + + MALLOC_LOCK; ovp->ov_next = nextf[size]; nextf[size] = ovp; MALLOC_UNLOCK; } -/* - * When a program attempts "storage compaction" as mentioned in the - * old malloc man page, it realloc's an already freed block. Usually - * this is the last block it freed; occasionally it might be farther - * back. We have to search all the free lists for the block in order - * to determine its bucket: 1st we make one pass thru the lists - * checking only the first block in each; if that fails we search - * ``reall_srchlen'' blocks in each list for a match (the variable - * is extern so the caller can modify it). If that fails we just copy - * however many bytes was given to realloc() and hope it's not huge. - */ -#define reall_srchlen 4 /* 4 should be plenty, -1 =>'s whole list */ +/* There is no need to do any locking in realloc (with an exception of + trying to grow in place if we are at the end of the chain). + If somebody calls us from a different thread with the same address, + we are sole anyway. */ Malloc_t Perl_realloc(void *mp, size_t nbytes) -{ +{ register MEM_SIZE onb; union overhead *ovp; char *res; int prev_bucket; register int bucket; - int was_alloced = 0, incr; + int incr; /* 1 if does not fit, -1 if "easily" fits in a + smaller bucket, otherwise 0. */ char *cp = (char*)mp; #if defined(DEBUGGING) || !defined(PERL_CORE) MEM_SIZE size = nbytes; if ((long)nbytes < 0) - croak("%s", "panic: realloc"); + croak("%s", "panic: realloc"); #endif BARK_64K_LIMIT("Reallocation",nbytes,size); if (!cp) return Perl_malloc(nbytes); - MALLOC_LOCK; ovp = (union overhead *)((caddr_t)cp - sizeof (union overhead) * CHUNK_SHIFT); bucket = OV_INDEX(ovp); + #ifdef IGNORE_SMALL_BAD_FREE - if ((bucket < FIRST_BUCKET_WITH_CHECK) - || (OV_MAGIC(ovp, bucket) == MAGIC)) + if ((bucket >= FIRST_BUCKET_WITH_CHECK) + && (OV_MAGIC(ovp, bucket) != MAGIC)) #else - if (OV_MAGIC(ovp, bucket) == MAGIC) + if (OV_MAGIC(ovp, bucket) != MAGIC) #endif - { - was_alloced = 1; - } else { - /* - * Already free, doing "compaction". - * - * Search for the old block of memory on the - * free list. First, check the most common - * case (last element free'd), then (this failing) - * the last ``reall_srchlen'' items free'd. - * If all lookups fail, then assume the size of - * the memory block being realloc'd is the - * smallest possible. - */ - if ((bucket = findbucket(ovp, 1)) < 0 && - (bucket = findbucket(ovp, reall_srchlen)) < 0) - bucket = 0; - } + { + static int bad_free_warn = -1; + if (bad_free_warn == -1) { + dTHX; + char *pbf = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_BADFREE"); + bad_free_warn = (pbf) ? atoi(pbf) : 1; + } + if (!bad_free_warn) + return Nullch; +#ifdef RCHECK +#ifdef PERL_CORE + { + dTHX; + if (!PERL_IS_ALIVE || !PL_curcop || ckWARN_d(WARN_MALLOC)) + Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_MALLOC, "%srealloc() %signored", + (ovp->ov_rmagic == RMAGIC - 1 ? "" : "Bad "), + ovp->ov_rmagic == RMAGIC - 1 + ? "of freed memory " : ""); + } +#else + warn("%srealloc() %signored", + (ovp->ov_rmagic == RMAGIC - 1 ? "" : "Bad "), + ovp->ov_rmagic == RMAGIC - 1 ? "of freed memory " : ""); +#endif +#else +#ifdef PERL_CORE + { + dTHX; + if (!PERL_IS_ALIVE || !PL_curcop || ckWARN_d(WARN_MALLOC)) + Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_MALLOC, "%s", + "Bad realloc() ignored"); + } +#else + warn("%s", "Bad realloc() ignored"); +#endif +#endif + return Nullch; /* sanity */ + } + onb = BUCKET_SIZE_REAL(bucket); /* * avoid the copy if same size block. @@ -1489,12 +1745,10 @@ Perl_realloc(void *mp, size_t nbytes) incr = 0; else incr = -1; } - if (!was_alloced #ifdef STRESS_REALLOC - || 1 /* always do it the hard way */ + goto hard_way; #endif - ) goto hard_way; - else if (incr == 0) { + if (incr == 0) { inplace_label: #ifdef RCHECK /* @@ -1531,10 +1785,9 @@ Perl_realloc(void *mp, size_t nbytes) } #endif res = cp; - MALLOC_UNLOCK; DEBUG_m(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, - "0x%lx: (%05lu) realloc %ld bytes inplace\n", - (unsigned long)res,(unsigned long)(PL_an++), + "0x%"UVxf": (%05lu) realloc %ld bytes inplace\n", + PTR2UV(res),(unsigned long)(PL_an++), (long)size)); } else if (incr == 1 && (cp - M_OVERHEAD == last_op) && (onb > (1 << LOG_OF_MIN_ARENA))) { @@ -1552,54 +1805,35 @@ Perl_realloc(void *mp, size_t nbytes) newarena = (1 << pow) + POW2_OPTIMIZE_SURPLUS(pow * BUCKETS_PER_POW2); require = newarena - onb - M_OVERHEAD; - if (getpages_adjacent(require)) { + MALLOC_LOCK; + if (cp - M_OVERHEAD == last_op /* We *still* are the last chunk */ + && getpages_adjacent(require)) { #ifdef DEBUGGING_MSTATS nmalloc[bucket]--; nmalloc[pow * BUCKETS_PER_POW2]++; #endif *(cp - M_OVERHEAD) = pow * BUCKETS_PER_POW2; /* Fill index. */ + MALLOC_UNLOCK; goto inplace_label; - } else + } else { + MALLOC_UNLOCK; goto hard_way; + } } else { hard_way: - MALLOC_UNLOCK; DEBUG_m(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, - "0x%lx: (%05lu) realloc %ld bytes the hard way\n", - (unsigned long)cp,(unsigned long)(PL_an++), + "0x%"UVxf": (%05lu) realloc %ld bytes the hard way\n", + PTR2UV(cp),(unsigned long)(PL_an++), (long)size)); if ((res = (char*)Perl_malloc(nbytes)) == NULL) return (NULL); if (cp != res) /* common optimization */ Copy(cp, res, (MEM_SIZE)(nbytesov_next) { - if (p == freep) - return (i); - j++; - } - } - return (-1); -} - Malloc_t Perl_calloc(register size_t elements, register size_t size) { @@ -1612,8 +1846,48 @@ Perl_calloc(register size_t elements, register size_t size) return p; } +char * +Perl_strdup(const char *s) +{ + MEM_SIZE l = strlen(s); + char *s1 = (char *)Perl_malloc(l+1); + + Copy(s, s1, (MEM_SIZE)(l+1), char); + return s1; +} + +#ifdef PERL_CORE +int +Perl_putenv(char *a) +{ + /* Sometimes system's putenv conflicts with my_setenv() - this is system + malloc vs Perl's free(). */ + dTHX; + char *var; + char *val = a; + MEM_SIZE l; + char buf[80]; + + while (*val && *val != '=') + val++; + if (!*val) + return -1; + l = val - a; + if (l < sizeof(buf)) + var = buf; + else + var = Perl_malloc(l + 1); + Copy(a, var, l, char); + var[l + 1] = 0; + my_setenv(var, val+1); + if (var != buf) + Perl_mfree(var); + return 0; +} +# endif + MEM_SIZE -malloced_size(void *p) +Perl_malloced_size(void *p) { union overhead *ovp = (union overhead *) ((caddr_t)p - sizeof (union overhead) * CHUNK_SHIFT); @@ -1630,116 +1904,139 @@ malloced_size(void *p) return BUCKET_SIZE_REAL(bucket); } -#ifdef DEBUGGING_MSTATS - # ifdef BUCKETS_ROOT2 # define MIN_EVEN_REPORT 6 # else # define MIN_EVEN_REPORT MIN_BUCKET # endif -/* - * mstats - print out statistics about malloc - * - * Prints two lines of numbers, one showing the length of the free list - * for each size category, the second showing the number of mallocs - - * frees for each size category. - */ -void -dump_mstats(char *s) + +int +Perl_get_mstats(pTHX_ perl_mstats_t *buf, int buflen, int level) { +#ifdef DEBUGGING_MSTATS register int i, j; register union overhead *p; - int topbucket=0, topbucket_ev=0, topbucket_odd=0, totfree=0, total=0; - u_int nfree[NBUCKETS]; - int total_chain = 0; - struct chunk_chain_s* nextchain = chunk_chain; + struct chunk_chain_s* nextchain; + buf->topbucket = buf->topbucket_ev = buf->topbucket_odd + = buf->totfree = buf->total = buf->total_chain = 0; + + buf->minbucket = MIN_BUCKET; + MALLOC_LOCK; for (i = MIN_BUCKET ; i < NBUCKETS; i++) { for (j = 0, p = nextf[i]; p; p = p->ov_next, j++) ; - nfree[i] = j; - totfree += nfree[i] * BUCKET_SIZE_REAL(i); - total += nmalloc[i] * BUCKET_SIZE_REAL(i); + if (i < buflen) { + buf->nfree[i] = j; + buf->ntotal[i] = nmalloc[i]; + } + buf->totfree += j * BUCKET_SIZE_REAL(i); + buf->total += nmalloc[i] * BUCKET_SIZE_REAL(i); if (nmalloc[i]) { - i % 2 ? (topbucket_odd = i) : (topbucket_ev = i); - topbucket = i; + i % 2 ? (buf->topbucket_odd = i) : (buf->topbucket_ev = i); + buf->topbucket = i; } } + nextchain = chunk_chain; + while (nextchain) { + buf->total_chain += nextchain->size; + nextchain = nextchain->next; + } + buf->total_sbrk = goodsbrk + sbrk_slack; + buf->sbrks = sbrks; + buf->sbrk_good = sbrk_good; + buf->sbrk_slack = sbrk_slack; + buf->start_slack = start_slack; + buf->sbrked_remains = sbrked_remains; + MALLOC_UNLOCK; + buf->nbuckets = NBUCKETS; + if (level) { + for (i = MIN_BUCKET ; i < NBUCKETS; i++) { + if (i >= buflen) + break; + buf->bucket_mem_size[i] = BUCKET_SIZE(i); + buf->bucket_available_size[i] = BUCKET_SIZE_REAL(i); + } + } +#endif /* defined DEBUGGING_MSTATS */ + return 0; /* XXX unused */ +} +/* + * mstats - print out statistics about malloc + * + * Prints two lines of numbers, one showing the length of the free list + * for each size category, the second showing the number of mallocs - + * frees for each size category. + */ +void +Perl_dump_mstats(pTHX_ char *s) +{ +#ifdef DEBUGGING_MSTATS + register int i; + perl_mstats_t buffer; + UV nf[NBUCKETS]; + UV nt[NBUCKETS]; + + buffer.nfree = nf; + buffer.ntotal = nt; + get_mstats(&buffer, NBUCKETS, 0); + if (s) - PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stderr(), - "Memory allocation statistics %s (buckets %ld(%ld)..%ld(%ld)\n", + PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, + "Memory allocation statistics %s (buckets %"IVdf"(%"IVdf")..%"IVdf"(%"IVdf")\n", s, - (long)BUCKET_SIZE_REAL(MIN_BUCKET), - (long)BUCKET_SIZE(MIN_BUCKET), - (long)BUCKET_SIZE_REAL(topbucket), (long)BUCKET_SIZE(topbucket)); - PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stderr(), "%8d free:", totfree); - for (i = MIN_EVEN_REPORT; i <= topbucket; i += BUCKETS_PER_POW2) { - PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stderr(), + (IV)BUCKET_SIZE_REAL(MIN_BUCKET), + (IV)BUCKET_SIZE(MIN_BUCKET), + (IV)BUCKET_SIZE_REAL(buffer.topbucket), + (IV)BUCKET_SIZE(buffer.topbucket)); + PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "%8"IVdf" free:", buffer.totfree); + for (i = MIN_EVEN_REPORT; i <= buffer.topbucket; i += BUCKETS_PER_POW2) { + PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, ((i < 8*BUCKETS_PER_POW2 || i == 10*BUCKETS_PER_POW2) - ? " %5d" - : ((i < 12*BUCKETS_PER_POW2) ? " %3d" : " %d")), - nfree[i]); + ? " %5"UVuf + : ((i < 12*BUCKETS_PER_POW2) ? " %3"UVuf : " %"UVuf)), + buffer.nfree[i]); } #ifdef BUCKETS_ROOT2 - PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stderr(), "\n\t "); - for (i = MIN_BUCKET + 1; i <= topbucket_odd; i += BUCKETS_PER_POW2) { - PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stderr(), + PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "\n\t "); + for (i = MIN_BUCKET + 1; i <= buffer.topbucket_odd; i += BUCKETS_PER_POW2) { + PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, ((i < 8*BUCKETS_PER_POW2 || i == 10*BUCKETS_PER_POW2) - ? " %5d" - : ((i < 12*BUCKETS_PER_POW2) ? " %3d" : " %d")), - nfree[i]); + ? " %5"UVuf + : ((i < 12*BUCKETS_PER_POW2) ? " %3"UVuf : " %"UVuf)), + buffer.nfree[i]); } #endif - PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stderr(), "\n%8d used:", total - totfree); - for (i = MIN_EVEN_REPORT; i <= topbucket; i += BUCKETS_PER_POW2) { - PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stderr(), + PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "\n%8"IVdf" used:", buffer.total - buffer.totfree); + for (i = MIN_EVEN_REPORT; i <= buffer.topbucket; i += BUCKETS_PER_POW2) { + PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, ((i < 8*BUCKETS_PER_POW2 || i == 10*BUCKETS_PER_POW2) - ? " %5d" - : ((i < 12*BUCKETS_PER_POW2) ? " %3d" : " %d")), - nmalloc[i] - nfree[i]); + ? " %5"IVdf + : ((i < 12*BUCKETS_PER_POW2) ? " %3"IVdf : " %"IVdf)), + buffer.ntotal[i] - buffer.nfree[i]); } #ifdef BUCKETS_ROOT2 - PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stderr(), "\n\t "); - for (i = MIN_BUCKET + 1; i <= topbucket_odd; i += BUCKETS_PER_POW2) { - PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stderr(), + PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "\n\t "); + for (i = MIN_BUCKET + 1; i <= buffer.topbucket_odd; i += BUCKETS_PER_POW2) { + PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, ((i < 8*BUCKETS_PER_POW2 || i == 10*BUCKETS_PER_POW2) - ? " %5d" - : ((i < 12*BUCKETS_PER_POW2) ? " %3d" : " %d")), - nmalloc[i] - nfree[i]); + ? " %5"IVdf + : ((i < 12*BUCKETS_PER_POW2) ? " %3"IVdf : " %"IVdf)), + buffer.ntotal[i] - buffer.nfree[i]); } #endif - while (nextchain) { - total_chain += nextchain->size; - nextchain = nextchain->next; - } - PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stderr(), "\nTotal sbrk(): %d/%d:%d. Odd ends: pad+heads+chain+tail: %d+%d+%d+%d.\n", - goodsbrk + sbrk_slack, sbrks, sbrk_good, sbrk_slack, - start_slack, total_chain, sbrked_remains); + PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "\nTotal sbrk(): %"IVdf"/%"IVdf":%"IVdf". Odd ends: pad+heads+chain+tail: %"IVdf"+%"IVdf"+%"IVdf"+%"IVdf".\n", + buffer.total_sbrk, buffer.sbrks, buffer.sbrk_good, + buffer.sbrk_slack, buffer.start_slack, + buffer.total_chain, buffer.sbrked_remains); +#endif /* DEBUGGING_MSTATS */ } -#else -void -dump_mstats(char *s) -{ -} -#endif #endif /* lint */ - #ifdef USE_PERL_SBRK -# if defined(__MACHTEN_PPC__) || defined(__NeXT__) +# if defined(__MACHTEN_PPC__) || defined(NeXT) || defined(__NeXT__) || defined(PURIFY) # define PERL_SBRK_VIA_MALLOC -/* - * MachTen's malloc() returns a buffer aligned on a two-byte boundary. - * While this is adequate, it may slow down access to longer data - * types by forcing multiple memory accesses. It also causes - * complaints when RCHECK is in force. So we allocate six bytes - * more than we need to, and return an address rounded up to an - * eight-byte boundary. - * - * 980701 Dominic Dunlop - */ -# define SYSTEM_ALLOC_ALIGNMENT 2 # endif # ifdef PERL_SBRK_VIA_MALLOC @@ -1802,8 +2099,8 @@ Perl_sbrk(int size) } } - DEBUG_m(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "sbrk malloc size %ld (reqsize %ld), left size %ld, give addr 0x%lx\n", - size, reqsize, Perl_sbrk_oldsize, got)); + DEBUG_m(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "sbrk malloc size %ld (reqsize %ld), left size %ld, give addr 0x%"UVxf"\n", + size, reqsize, Perl_sbrk_oldsize, PTR2UV(got))); return (void *)got; }