X-Git-Url: https://perl5.git.perl.org/perl5.git/blobdiff_plain/1fdc5aa6cb28b98c33ebf0779a57b3e0077d71b7..6aee8cc40635577b66291b2b8fea08d3acbffb23:/pod/perltoc.pod diff --git a/pod/perltoc.pod b/pod/perltoc.pod index e111bb6..a2b4503 100644 --- a/pod/perltoc.pod +++ b/pod/perltoc.pod @@ -1,4 +1,8 @@ +# !!!!!!! DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE !!!!!!! +# This file is autogenerated by buildtoc from all the other pods. +# Edit those files and run buildtoc --build-toc to effect changes. + =head1 NAME perltoc - perl documentation table of contents @@ -23,10 +27,14 @@ through to locate the proper section you're looking for. =item Tutorials +=item Reference Manual + =item Internals and C Language Interface =item Miscellaneous +=item Language-Specific + =item Platform-Specific =back @@ -99,274 +107,270 @@ Parentheses for capturing, Other regexp features =back -=head2 perlfaq - frequently asked questions about Perl ($Date: 2001/10/16 -13:27:22 $) +=head2 perlreftut - Mark's very short tutorial about references =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over 4 +=item Who Needs Complicated Data Structures? -=item perlfaq: Structural overview of the FAQ. +=item The Solution -=item L: General Questions About Perl +=item Syntax -=item L: Obtaining and Learning about Perl +=over 4 -=item L: Programming Tools +=item Making References -=item L: Data Manipulation +=item Using References -=item L: Files and Formats +=item An Example -=item L: Regexps +=item Arrow Rule -=item L: General Perl Language Issues +=back -=item L: System Interaction +=item Solution -=item L: Networking +=item The Rest -=back +=item Summary -=item About the perlfaq documents +=item Credits =over 4 -=item Where to get the perlfaq - -=item How to contribute to the perlfaq - -=item What will happen if you mail your Perl programming problems to the -authors +=item Distribution Conditions =back -=item Credits +=back -=item Author and Copyright Information +=head2 perldsc - Perl Data Structures Cookbook =over 4 -=item Bundled Distributions +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Disclaimer +arrays of arrays, hashes of arrays, arrays of hashes, hashes of hashes, +more elaborate constructs -=back +=item REFERENCES -=item Changes +=item COMMON MISTAKES -1/November/2000, 23/May/99, 13/April/99, 7/January/99, 22/June/98, -24/April/97, 23/April/97, 25/March/97, 18/March/97, 17/March/97 Version, -Initial Release: 11/March/97 +=item CAVEAT ON PRECEDENCE -=back +=item WHY YOU SHOULD ALWAYS C -=head2 perlbook - Perl book information +=item DEBUGGING -=over 4 +=item CODE EXAMPLES -=item DESCRIPTION +=item ARRAYS OF ARRAYS -=back +=over 4 -=head2 perlsyn - Perl syntax +=item Declaration of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS -=over 4 +=item Generation of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS -=over 4 +=back -=item Declarations +=item HASHES OF ARRAYS -=item Simple statements +=over 4 -=item Compound statements +=item Declaration of a HASH OF ARRAYS -=item Loop Control +=item Generation of a HASH OF ARRAYS -=item For Loops +=item Access and Printing of a HASH OF ARRAYS -=item Foreach Loops +=back -=item Basic BLOCKs and Switch Statements +=item ARRAYS OF HASHES -=item Goto +=over 4 -=item PODs: Embedded Documentation +=item Declaration of an ARRAY OF HASHES -=item Plain Old Comments (Not!) +=item Generation of an ARRAY OF HASHES -=back +=item Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF HASHES =back -=head2 perldata - Perl data types +=item HASHES OF HASHES =over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Declaration of a HASH OF HASHES -=over 4 +=item Generation of a HASH OF HASHES -=item Variable names +=item Access and Printing of a HASH OF HASHES -=item Context +=back -=item Scalar values +=item MORE ELABORATE RECORDS -=item Scalar value constructors +=over 4 -=item List value constructors +=item Declaration of MORE ELABORATE RECORDS -=item Slices +=item Declaration of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS -=item Typeglobs and Filehandles +=item Generation of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS =back +=item Database Ties + =item SEE ALSO +=item AUTHOR + =back -=head2 perlop - Perl operators and precedence +=head2 perllol - Manipulating Arrays of Arrays in Perl =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS - =item DESCRIPTION =over 4 -=item Terms and List Operators (Leftward) +=item Declaration and Access of Arrays of Arrays -=item The Arrow Operator +=item Growing Your Own -=item Auto-increment and Auto-decrement +=item Access and Printing -=item Exponentiation +=item Slices -=item Symbolic Unary Operators +=back -=item Binding Operators +=item SEE ALSO -=item Multiplicative Operators +=item AUTHOR -=item Additive Operators +=back -=item Shift Operators +=head2 perlrequick - Perl regular expressions quick start -=item Named Unary Operators +=over 4 -=item Relational Operators +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Equality Operators +=item The Guide -=item Bitwise And +=over 4 -=item Bitwise Or and Exclusive Or +=item Simple word matching -=item C-style Logical And +=item Using character classes -=item C-style Logical Or +=item Matching this or that -=item Range Operators +=item Grouping things and hierarchical matching -=item Conditional Operator +=item Extracting matches -=item Assignment Operators +=item Matching repetitions -=item Comma Operator +=item More matching -=item List Operators (Rightward) +=item Search and replace -=item Logical Not +=item The split operator -=item Logical And +=back -=item Logical or and Exclusive Or +=item BUGS -=item C Operators Missing From Perl +=item SEE ALSO -unary &, unary *, (TYPE) +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT -=item Quote and Quote-like Operators +=over 4 -=item Regexp Quote-Like Operators +=item Acknowledgments -?PATTERN?, m/PATTERN/cgimosx, /PATTERN/cgimosx, q/STRING/, C<'STRING'>, -qq/STRING/, "STRING", qr/STRING/imosx, qx/STRING/, `STRING`, qw/STRING/, -s/PATTERN/REPLACEMENT/egimosx, tr/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds, -y/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds, <, C, C, C, C, C<''>, C, C<"">, -C<``>, C, C, C<< >>, C, C, C, -C,, Interpolation of regular expressions, Optimization of -regular expressions +=head2 perlretut - Perl regular expressions tutorial -=item I/O Operators +=over 4 -=item Constant Folding +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Bitwise String Operators +=item Part 1: The basics -=item Integer Arithmetic +=over 4 -=item Floating-point Arithmetic +=item Simple word matching -=item Bigger Numbers +=item Using character classes -=back +=item Matching this or that + +=item Grouping things and hierarchical matching + +=item Extracting matches + +=item Matching repetitions + +=item Building a regexp + +=item Using regular expressions in Perl =back -=head2 perlsub - Perl subroutines +=item Part 2: Power tools =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item More on characters, strings, and character classes -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Compiling and saving regular expressions -=over 4 +=item Embedding comments and modifiers in a regular expression -=item Private Variables via my() +=item Non-capturing groupings -=item Persistent Private Variables +=item Looking ahead and looking behind -=item Temporary Values via local() +=item Using independent subexpressions to prevent backtracking -=item Lvalue subroutines +=item Conditional expressions -=item Passing Symbol Table Entries (typeglobs) +=item A bit of magic: executing Perl code in a regular expression -=item When to Still Use local() +=item Pragmas and debugging -=item Pass by Reference +=back -=item Prototypes +=item BUGS -=item Constant Functions +=item SEE ALSO -=item Overriding Built-in Functions +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT -=item Autoloading +=over 4 -=item Subroutine Attributes +=item Acknowledgments =back -=item SEE ALSO - =back -=head2 perlfunc - Perl builtin functions +=head2 perlboot - Beginner's Object-Oriented Tutorial =over 4 @@ -374,352 +378,243 @@ regular expressions =over 4 -=item Perl Functions by Category +=item If we could talk to the animals... -Functions for SCALARs or strings, Regular expressions and pattern matching, -Numeric functions, Functions for real @ARRAYs, Functions for list data, -Functions for real %HASHes, Input and output functions, Functions for fixed -length data or records, Functions for filehandles, files, or directories, -Keywords related to the control flow of your perl program, Keywords related -to scoping, Miscellaneous functions, Functions for processes and process -groups, Keywords related to perl modules, Keywords related to classes and -object-orientedness, Low-level socket functions, System V interprocess -communication functions, Fetching user and group info, Fetching network -info, Time-related functions, Functions new in perl5, Functions obsoleted -in perl5 +=item Introducing the method invocation arrow -=item Portability +=item Invoking a barnyard -=item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions +=item The extra parameter of method invocation -I<-X> FILEHANDLE, I<-X> EXPR, I<-X>, abs VALUE, abs, accept -NEWSOCKET,GENERICSOCKET, alarm SECONDS, alarm, atan2 Y,X, bind SOCKET,NAME, -binmode FILEHANDLE, DISCIPLINE, binmode FILEHANDLE, bless REF,CLASSNAME, -bless REF, caller EXPR, caller, chdir EXPR, chmod LIST, chomp VARIABLE, -chomp LIST, chomp, chop VARIABLE, chop LIST, chop, chown LIST, chr NUMBER, -chr, chroot FILENAME, chroot, close FILEHANDLE, close, closedir DIRHANDLE, -connect SOCKET,NAME, continue BLOCK, cos EXPR, cos, crypt PLAINTEXT,SALT, -dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MASK, defined EXPR, defined, delete -EXPR, die LIST, do BLOCK, do SUBROUTINE(LIST), do EXPR, dump LABEL, dump, -each HASH, eof FILEHANDLE, eof (), eof, eval EXPR, eval BLOCK, exec LIST, -exec PROGRAM LIST, exists EXPR, exit EXPR, exp EXPR, exp, fcntl -FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, fileno FILEHANDLE, flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, -fork, format, formline PICTURE,LIST, getc FILEHANDLE, getc, getlogin, -getpeername SOCKET, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority WHICH,WHO, getpwnam -NAME, getgrnam NAME, gethostbyname NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getprotobyname -NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getservbyname NAME,PROTO, gethostbyaddr -ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER, -getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent, gethostent, getnetent, -getprotoent, getservent, setpwent, setgrent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent -STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent, -endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockname SOCKET, -getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob, gmtime EXPR, goto LABEL, -goto EXPR, goto &NAME, grep BLOCK LIST, grep EXPR,LIST, hex EXPR, hex, -import, index STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, index STR,SUBSTR, int EXPR, int, ioctl -FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, join EXPR,LIST, keys HASH, kill SIGNAL, LIST, -last LABEL, last, lc EXPR, lc, lcfirst EXPR, lcfirst, length EXPR, length, -link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, listen SOCKET,QUEUESIZE, local EXPR, localtime EXPR, -lock, log EXPR, log, lstat EXPR, lstat, m//, map BLOCK LIST, map EXPR,LIST, -mkdir FILENAME,MASK, mkdir FILENAME, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS, -msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, my EXPR, my EXPR : -ATTRIBUTES, next LABEL, next, no Module LIST, oct EXPR, oct, open -FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR,LIST, -open FILEHANDLE, opendir DIRHANDLE,EXPR, ord EXPR, ord, our EXPR, our EXPR -: ATTRIBUTES, pack TEMPLATE,LIST, package NAMESPACE, package, pipe -READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, pop ARRAY, pop, pos SCALAR, pos, print FILEHANDLE -LIST, print LIST, print, printf FILEHANDLE FORMAT, LIST, printf FORMAT, -LIST, prototype FUNCTION, push ARRAY,LIST, q/STRING/, qq/STRING/, -qr/STRING/, qx/STRING/, qw/STRING/, quotemeta EXPR, quotemeta, rand EXPR, -rand, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, -readdir DIRHANDLE, readline EXPR, readlink EXPR, readlink, readpipe EXPR, -recv SOCKET,SCALAR,LENGTH,FLAGS, redo LABEL, redo, ref EXPR, ref, rename -OLDNAME,NEWNAME, require VERSION, require EXPR, require, reset EXPR, reset, -return EXPR, return, reverse LIST, rewinddir DIRHANDLE, rindex -STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, rindex STR,SUBSTR, rmdir FILENAME, rmdir, s///, scalar -EXPR, seek FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, seekdir DIRHANDLE,POS, select -FILEHANDLE, select, select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctl -ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, send -SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS,TO, send SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS, setpgrp PID,PGRP, setpriority -WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shift ARRAY, -shift, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE, -shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, shutdown SOCKET,HOW, sin EXPR, sin, sleep -EXPR, sleep, sockatmark SOCKET, socket SOCKET,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, -socketpair SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, sort SUBNAME LIST, sort -BLOCK LIST, sort LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,LIST, splice -ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH, splice ARRAY,OFFSET, splice ARRAY, split -/PATTERN/,EXPR,LIMIT, split /PATTERN/,EXPR, split /PATTERN/, split, sprintf -FORMAT, LIST, sqrt EXPR, sqrt, srand EXPR, srand, stat FILEHANDLE, stat -EXPR, stat, study SCALAR, study, sub BLOCK, sub NAME, sub NAME BLOCK, -substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH,REPLACEMENT, substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH, substr -EXPR,OFFSET, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen -FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE, sysopen FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, sysread -FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, sysread FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, sysseek -FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, system LIST, system PROGRAM LIST, syswrite -FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, -syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR, tell FILEHANDLE, tell, telldir DIRHANDLE, tie -VARIABLE,CLASSNAME,LIST, tied VARIABLE, time, times, tr///, truncate -FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, uc EXPR, uc, ucfirst EXPR, -ucfirst, umask EXPR, umask, undef EXPR, undef, unlink LIST, unlink, unpack -TEMPLATE,EXPR, untie VARIABLE, unshift ARRAY,LIST, use Module VERSION LIST, -use Module VERSION, use Module LIST, use Module, use VERSION, utime LIST, -values HASH, vec EXPR,OFFSET,BITS, wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS, wantarray, warn -LIST, write FILEHANDLE, write EXPR, write, y/// - -=back +=item Calling a second method to simplify things -=back +=item Inheriting the windpipes -=head2 perlreftut - Mark's very short tutorial about references +=item A few notes about @ISA -=over 4 +=item Overriding the methods -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Starting the search from a different place -=item Who Needs Complicated Data Structures? +=item The SUPER way of doing things -=item The Solution +=item Where we're at so far... -=item Syntax +=item A horse is a horse, of course of course -- or is it? -=over 4 +=item Invoking an instance method -=item Making References +=item Accessing the instance data -=item Using References +=item How to build a horse -=back +=item Inheriting the constructor -=item An Example +=item Making a method work with either classes or instances -=item Arrow Rule +=item Adding parameters to a method -=item Solution +=item More interesting instances -=item The Rest +=item A horse of a different color =item Summary -=item Credits - -=over 4 +=back -=item Distribution Conditions +=item SEE ALSO -=back +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 perldsc - Perl Data Structures Cookbook +=head2 perltoot - Tom's object-oriented tutorial for perl =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -arrays of arrays, hashes of arrays, arrays of hashes, hashes of hashes, -more elaborate constructs +=item Creating a Class -=item REFERENCES +=over 4 -=item COMMON MISTAKES +=item Object Representation -=item CAVEAT ON PRECEDENCE +=item Class Interface -=item WHY YOU SHOULD ALWAYS C +=item Constructors and Instance Methods -=item DEBUGGING +=item Planning for the Future: Better Constructors -=item CODE EXAMPLES +=item Destructors -=item ARRAYS OF ARRAYS +=item Other Object Methods + +=back + +=item Class Data =over 4 -=item Declaration of a ARRAY OF ARRAYS +=item Accessing Class Data + +=item Debugging Methods -=item Generation of a ARRAY OF ARRAYS +=item Class Destructors -=item Access and Printing of a ARRAY OF ARRAYS +=item Documenting the Interface =back -=item HASHES OF ARRAYS +=item Aggregation + +=item Inheritance =over 4 -=item Declaration of a HASH OF ARRAYS +=item Overridden Methods -=item Generation of a HASH OF ARRAYS +=item Multiple Inheritance -=item Access and Printing of a HASH OF ARRAYS +=item UNIVERSAL: The Root of All Objects =back -=item ARRAYS OF HASHES +=item Alternate Object Representations =over 4 -=item Declaration of a ARRAY OF HASHES - -=item Generation of a ARRAY OF HASHES +=item Arrays as Objects -=item Access and Printing of a ARRAY OF HASHES +=item Closures as Objects =back -=item HASHES OF HASHES +=item AUTOLOAD: Proxy Methods =over 4 -=item Declaration of a HASH OF HASHES - -=item Generation of a HASH OF HASHES +=item Autoloaded Data Methods -=item Access and Printing of a HASH OF HASHES +=item Inherited Autoloaded Data Methods =back -=item MORE ELABORATE RECORDS +=item Metaclassical Tools =over 4 -=item Declaration of MORE ELABORATE RECORDS - -=item Declaration of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS +=item Class::Struct -=item Generation of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS +=item Data Members as Variables =back -=item Database Ties +=item NOTES -=item SEE ALSO +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR +=item Object Terminology =back -=head2 perlrequick - Perl regular expressions quick start - -=over 4 +=item SEE ALSO -=item DESCRIPTION +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT -=item The Guide +=item COPYRIGHT =over 4 -=item Simple word matching - -=item Using character classes +=item Acknowledgments -=item Matching this or that +=back -=item Grouping things and hierarchical matching +=back -=item Extracting matches +=head2 perltooc - Tom's OO Tutorial for Class Data in Perl -=item Matching repetitions +=over 4 -=item More matching +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Search and replace +=item Class Data in a Can -=item The split operator +=item Class Data as Package Variables -=back +=over 4 -=item BUGS +=item Putting All Your Eggs in One Basket -=item SEE ALSO +=item Inheritance Concerns -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item The Eponymous Meta-Object -=over 4 +=item Indirect References to Class Data -=item Acknowledgments +=item Monadic Classes -=back +=item Translucent Attributes =back -=head2 perlpod - the Plain Old Documentation format - -=over 4 - -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Class Data as Lexical Variables =over 4 -=item Ordinary Paragraph - -=item Verbatim Paragraph +=item Privacy and Responsibility -=item Command Paragraph +=item File-Scoped Lexicals -C<=head1 I>, C<=head2 I>, C<=head3 I>, C<=head4 I>, C<=over I>, C<=item -I>, C<=back>, C<=cut>, C<=pod>, C<=begin I>, C<=end -I>, C<=for I I> +=item More Inheritance Concerns -=item Formatting Codes +=item Locking the Door and Throwing Away the Key -CtextE> -- italic text, CtextE> -- bold text, -CcodeE> -- code text, CnameE> -- a hyperlink, -CescapeE> -- a character escape, CfilenameE> -- used -for filenames, CtextE> -- text contains non-breaking spaces, -Ctopic nameE> -- an index entry, CE> -- a null -(zero-effect) formatting code +=item Translucency Revisited -=item The Intent +=back -=item Embedding Pods in Perl Modules +=item NOTES -=item Hints for Writing Pod +=item SEE ALSO -=back +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT -=item SEE ALSO +=item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -=item AUTHOR +=item HISTORY =back -=head2 perlpodspec - Plain Old Documentation: format specification and -notes +=head2 perlbot - Bag'o Object Tricks (the BOT) =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=item Pod Definitions +=item OO SCALING TIPS -=item Pod Commands +=item INSTANCE VARIABLES -"=head1", "=head2", "=head3", "=head4", "=pod", "=cut", "=over", "=item", -"=back", "=begin formatname", "=end formatname", "=for formatname text..." +=item SCALAR INSTANCE VARIABLES -=item Pod Formatting Codes +=item INSTANCE VARIABLE INHERITANCE -CtextE> -- italic text, CtextE> -- bold text, -CcodeE> -- code text, CfilenameE> -- style for -filenames, Ctopic nameE> -- an index entry, CE> -- a -null (zero-effect) formatting code, CnameE> -- a hyperlink, -CescapeE> -- a character escape, CtextE> -- text -contains non-breaking spaces +=item OBJECT RELATIONSHIPS -=item Notes on Implementing Pod Processors +=item OVERRIDING SUPERCLASS METHODS -=item About LE...E Codes +=item USING RELATIONSHIP WITH SDBM -First:, Second:, Third:, Fourth:, Fifth:, Sixth: +=item THINKING OF CODE REUSE -=item About =over...=back Regions +=item CLASS CONTEXT AND THE OBJECT -=item About Data Paragraphs and "=begin/=end" Regions +=item INHERITING A CONSTRUCTOR -=item SEE ALSO +=item DELEGATION -=item AUTHOR +=item SEE ALSO =back @@ -731,7 +626,7 @@ First:, Second:, Third:, Fourth:, Fifth:, Sixth: =back -=head2 perltrap - Perl traps for the unwary +=head2 perlcheat - Perl 5 Cheat Sheet =over 4 @@ -739,13 +634,33 @@ First:, Second:, Third:, Fourth:, Fifth:, Sixth: =over 4 -=item Awk Traps +=item The sheet -=item C Traps +=back -=item Sed Traps +=item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -=item Shell Traps +=item AUTHOR + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 perltrap - Perl traps for the unwary + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Awk Traps + +=item C/C++ Traps + +=item Sed Traps + +=item Shell Traps =item Perl Traps @@ -764,7 +679,7 @@ Discontinuance, Deprecation, Discontinuance, Discontinuance =item Parsing Traps -Parsing, Parsing, Parsing, Parsing +Parsing, Parsing, Parsing, Parsing, Parsing =item Numerical Traps @@ -788,7 +703,7 @@ Precedence Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, -Regular Expression +Regular Expression, Regular Expression =item Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps @@ -816,51 +731,42 @@ LIMIT specified =back -=head2 perlrun - how to execute the Perl interpreter +=head2 perldebtut - Perl debugging tutorial =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS - =item DESCRIPTION -=over 4 +=item use strict -=item #! and quoting on non-Unix systems +=item Looking at data and -w and v -OS/2, MS-DOS, Win95/NT, Macintosh, VMS +=item help -=item Location of Perl +=item Stepping through code -=item Command Switches +=item Placeholder for a, w, t, T -B<-0>[I], B<-a>, B<-C>, B<-c>, B<-d>, B<-d:>I, -B<-D>I, B<-D>I, B<-e> I, B<-F>I, -B<-h>, B<-i>[I], B<-I>I, B<-l>[I], -B<-m>[B<->]I, B<-M>[B<->]I, B<-M>[B<->]I<'module ...'>, -B<-[mM]>[B<->]I, B<-n>, B<-p>, B<-P>, B<-s>, B<-S>, -B<-T>, B<-u>, B<-U>, B<-v>, B<-V>, B<-V:>I, B<-w>, B<-W>, B<-X>, -B<-x> I +=item REGULAR EXPRESSIONS -=back +=item OUTPUT TIPS -=item ENVIRONMENT +=item CGI -HOME, LOGDIR, PATH, PERL5LIB, PERL5OPT, PERLLIB, PERL5DB, PERL5SHELL -(specific to the Win32 port), PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS, PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL, -PERL_ROOT (specific to the VMS port), SYS$LOGIN (specific to the VMS port) +=item GUIs -=back +=item SUMMARY -=head2 perldiag - various Perl diagnostics +=item SEE ALSO -=over 4 +=item AUTHOR -=item DESCRIPTION +=item CONTRIBUTORS =back -=head2 perllexwarn - Perl Lexical Warnings +=head2 perlfaq - frequently asked questions about Perl ($Date: 2004/10/05 +22:15:44 $) =over 4 @@ -868,126 +774,112 @@ PERL_ROOT (specific to the VMS port), SYS$LOGIN (specific to the VMS port) =over 4 -=item Default Warnings and Optional Warnings - -=item What's wrong with B<-w> and C<$^W> - -=item Controlling Warnings from the Command Line - -B<-w>, B<-W>, B<-X> - -=item Backward Compatibility - -=item Category Hierarchy +=item Where to get the perlfaq -=item Fatal Warnings +=item How to contribute to the perlfaq -=item Reporting Warnings from a Module +=item What will happen if you mail your Perl programming problems to the +authors =back -=item TODO +=item Credits -=item SEE ALSO +=item Author and Copyright Information -=item AUTHOR +=over 4 -=back +=item Bundled Distributions -=head2 perldebtut - Perl debugging tutorial +=item Disclaimer -=over 4 +=back -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Table of Contents -=item use strict +perlfaq - this document, perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl, perlfaq2 +- Obtaining and Learning about Perl, perlfaq3 - Programming Tools, perlfaq4 +- Data Manipulation, perlfaq5 - Files and Formats, perlfaq6 - Regular +Expressions, perlfaq7 - General Perl Language Issues, perlfaq8 - System +Interaction, perlfaq9 - Networking -=item Looking at data and -w and w +=item The Questions -=item help +=over 4 -=item Stepping through code +=item L: General Questions About Perl -=item Placeholder for a, w, t, T +=item L: Obtaining and Learning about Perl -=item REGULAR EXPRESSIONS +=item L: Programming Tools -=item OUTPUT TIPS +=item L: Data Manipulation -=item CGI +=item L: Files and Formats -=item GUIs +=item L: Regular Expressions -=item SUMMARY +=item L: General Perl Language Issues -=item SEE ALSO +=item L: System Interaction -=item AUTHOR +=item L: Networking -=item CONTRIBUTORS +=back =back -=head2 perldebug - Perl debugging +=head2 perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl ($Revision: 1.15 $, $Date: +2004/10/11 05:06:29 $) =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=item The Perl Debugger - =over 4 -=item Debugger Commands +=item What is Perl? -h [command], p expr, x expr, V [pkg [vars]], X [vars], T, s [expr], n -[expr], r, , c [line|sub], l, l min+incr, l min-max, l line, l subname, --, w [line], f filename, /pattern/, ?pattern?, L, S [[!]regex], t, t expr, -b [line] [condition], b subname [condition], b postpone subname -[condition], b load filename, b compile subname, d [line], D, a [line] -command, a [line], A, W expr, W, O booloption .., O anyoption? .., O -option=value .., < ?, < [ command ], << command, > ?, > command, >> -command, { ?, { [ command ], {{ command, ! number, ! -number, ! pattern, !! -cmd, @ file, H -number, q or ^D, R, |dbcmd, ||dbcmd, command, m expr, man -[manpage] +=item Who supports Perl? Who develops it? Why is it free? -=item Configurable Options +=item Which version of Perl should I use? -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C +=item What are perl4 and perl5? -=item Debugger input/output +=item What is Ponie? -Prompt, Multiline commands, Stack backtrace, Line Listing Format, Frame -listing +=item What is perl6? -=item Debugging compile-time statements +=item How stable is Perl? -=item Debugger Customization +=item Is Perl difficult to learn? -=item Readline Support +=item How does Perl compare with other languages like Java, Python, REXX, +Scheme, or Tcl? -=item Editor Support for Debugging +=item Can I do [task] in Perl? -=item The Perl Profiler +=item When shouldn't I program in Perl? -=back +=item What's the difference between "perl" and "Perl"? -=item Debugging regular expressions +=item Is it a Perl program or a Perl script? -=item Debugging memory usage +=item What is a JAPH? -=item SEE ALSO +=item Where can I get a list of Larry Wall witticisms? -=item BUGS +=item How can I convince my sysadmin/supervisor/employees to use version +5/5.6.1/Perl instead of some other language? =back -=head2 perlvar - Perl predefined variables +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT + +=back + +=head2 perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl ($Revision: 1.29 $, +$Date: 2004/10/25 18:37:23 $) =over 4 @@ -995,524 +887,525 @@ listing =over 4 -=item Predefined Names +=item What machines support Perl? Where do I get it? -$ARG, $_, $a, $b, $>, $MATCH, $&, $PREMATCH, $`, $POSTMATCH, $', -$LAST_PAREN_MATCH, $+, $^N, @LAST_MATCH_END, @+, $MULTILINE_MATCHING, $*, -HANDLE->input_line_number(EXPR), $INPUT_LINE_NUMBER, $NR, $, -IO::Handle->input_record_separator(EXPR), $INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $RS, $/, -HANDLE->autoflush(EXPR), $OUTPUT_AUTOFLUSH, $|, -IO::Handle->output_field_separator EXPR, $OUTPUT_FIELD_SEPARATOR, $OFS, $,, -IO::Handle->output_record_separator EXPR, $OUTPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $ORS, -$\, $LIST_SEPARATOR, $", $SUBSCRIPT_SEPARATOR, $SUBSEP, $;, $OFMT, $#, -HANDLE->format_page_number(EXPR), $FORMAT_PAGE_NUMBER, $%, -HANDLE->format_lines_per_page(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_PER_PAGE, $=, -HANDLE->format_lines_left(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_LEFT, $-, @LAST_MATCH_START, -@-, C<$`> is the same as C, C<$&> is the same as -C, C<$'> is the same as C, C<$1> is the same as C, C<$2> -is the same as C, C<$3> is the same as -C, HANDLE->format_name(EXPR), -$FORMAT_NAME, $~, HANDLE->format_top_name(EXPR), $FORMAT_TOP_NAME, $^, -IO::Handle->format_line_break_characters EXPR, -$FORMAT_LINE_BREAK_CHARACTERS, $:, IO::Handle->format_formfeed EXPR, -$FORMAT_FORMFEED, $^L, $ACCUMULATOR, $^A, $CHILD_ERROR, $?, $OS_ERROR, -$ERRNO, $!, $EXTENDED_OS_ERROR, $^E, $EVAL_ERROR, $@, $PROCESS_ID, $PID, -$$, $REAL_USER_ID, $UID, $<, $EFFECTIVE_USER_ID, $EUID, $>, $REAL_GROUP_ID, -$GID, $(, $EFFECTIVE_GROUP_ID, $EGID, $), $PROGRAM_NAME, $0, $[, $], -$COMPILING, $^C, $DEBUGGING, $^D, $SYSTEM_FD_MAX, $^F, $^H, %^H, -$INPLACE_EDIT, $^I, $^M, $OSNAME, $^O, $PERLDB, $^P, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, -0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80, 0x100, 0x200, $LAST_REGEXP_CODE_RESULT, $^R, -$EXCEPTIONS_BEING_CAUGHT, $^S, $BASETIME, $^T, ${^TAINT}, $PERL_VERSION, -$^V, $WARNING, $^W, ${^WARNING_BITS}, ${^WIDE_SYSTEM_CALLS}, -$EXECUTABLE_NAME, $^X, ARGV, $ARGV, @ARGV, @F, @INC, @_, %INC, %ENV, -$ENV{expr}, %SIG, $SIG{expr} +=item How can I get a binary version of Perl? -=item Error Indicators +=item I don't have a C compiler on my system. How can I compile perl? -=item Technical Note on the Syntax of Variable Names +=item I copied the Perl binary from one machine to another, but scripts +don't work. -=back +=item I grabbed the sources and tried to compile but gdbm/dynamic +loading/malloc/linking/... failed. How do I make it work? -=item BUGS +=item What modules and extensions are available for Perl? What is CPAN? +What does CPAN/src/... mean? -=back +=item Is there an ISO or ANSI certified version of Perl? -=head2 perllol - Manipulating Arrays of Arrays in Perl +=item Where can I get information on Perl? -=over 4 +=item What are the Perl newsgroups on Usenet? Where do I post questions? -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Where should I post source code? -=over 4 +=item Perl Books -=item Declaration and Access of Arrays of Arrays +References, Tutorials, Task-Oriented, Special Topics -=item Growing Your Own +=item Perl in Magazines -=item Access and Printing +=item Perl on the Net: FTP and WWW Access -=item Slices +=item What mailing lists are there for Perl? -=back +=item Archives of comp.lang.perl.misc -=item SEE ALSO +=item Where can I buy a commercial version of Perl? -=item AUTHOR +=item Where do I send bug reports? + +=item What is perl.com? Perl Mongers? pm.org? perl.org? cpan.org? =back -=head2 perlopentut - tutorial on opening things in Perl +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT + +=back + +=head2 perlfaq3 - Programming Tools ($Revision: 1.41 $, $Date: 2004/11/03 +22:45:32 $) =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=item Open E la shell - =over 4 -=item Simple Opens +=item How do I do (anything)? -=item Pipe Opens +=item How can I use Perl interactively? -=item The Minus File +=item Is there a Perl shell? -=item Mixing Reads and Writes +=item How do I find which modules are installed on my system? -=item Filters +=item How do I debug my Perl programs? -=back +=item How do I profile my Perl programs? -=item Open E la C +=item How do I cross-reference my Perl programs? -=over 4 +=item Is there a pretty-printer (formatter) for Perl? -=item Permissions E la mode +=item Is there a ctags for Perl? -=back +=item Is there an IDE or Windows Perl Editor? -=item Obscure Open Tricks +Eclipse, Komodo, Open Perl IDE, OptiPerl, PerlBuilder, visiPerl+, Visual +Perl, GNU Emacs, MicroEMACS, XEmacs, Jed, Elvis, Vile, Vim, Codewright, +MultiEdit, SlickEdit, Bash, Ksh, Tcsh, Zsh, Affrus, Alpha, BBEdit and +BBEdit Lite -=over 4 +=item Where can I get Perl macros for vi? -=item Re-Opening Files (dups) +=item Where can I get perl-mode for emacs? -=item Dispelling the Dweomer +=item How can I use curses with Perl? -=item Paths as Opens +=item How can I use X or Tk with Perl? -=item Single Argument Open +=item How can I generate simple menus without using CGI or Tk? -=item Playing with STDIN and STDOUT +=item How can I make my Perl program run faster? -=back +=item How can I make my Perl program take less memory? -=item Other I/O Issues +Don't slurp!, Use map and grep selectively, Avoid unnecessary quotes and +stringification, Pass by reference, Tie large variables to disk -=over 4 +=item Is it safe to return a reference to local or lexical data? -=item Opening Non-File Files +=item How can I free an array or hash so my program shrinks? -=item Binary Files +=item How can I make my CGI script more efficient? -=item File Locking +=item How can I hide the source for my Perl program? -=back +=item How can I compile my Perl program into byte code or C? -=item SEE ALSO +=item How can I compile Perl into Java? -=item AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT +=item How can I get C<#!perl> to work on [MS-DOS,NT,...]? -=item HISTORY +=item Can I write useful Perl programs on the command line? -=back +=item Why don't Perl one-liners work on my DOS/Mac/VMS system? -=head2 perlretut - Perl regular expressions tutorial +=item Where can I learn about CGI or Web programming in Perl? -=over 4 +=item Where can I learn about object-oriented Perl programming? -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Where can I learn about linking C with Perl? [h2xs, xsubpp] -=item Part 1: The basics +=item I've read perlembed, perlguts, etc., but I can't embed perl in +my C program; what am I doing wrong? -=over 4 +=item When I tried to run my script, I got this message. What does it mean? -=item Simple word matching +=item What's MakeMaker? -=item Using character classes +=back -=item Matching this or that +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT -=item Grouping things and hierarchical matching +=back -=item Extracting matches +=head2 perlfaq4 - Data Manipulation ($Revision: 1.56 $, $Date: 2004/11/03 +22:47:56 $) -=item Matching repetitions +=over 4 -=item Building a regexp +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Using regular expressions in Perl +=item Data: Numbers -=back +=over 4 -=item Part 2: Power tools +=item Why am I getting long decimals (eg, 19.9499999999999) instead of the +numbers I should be getting (eg, 19.95)? -=over 4 +=item Why is int() broken? -=item More on characters, strings, and character classes +=item Why isn't my octal data interpreted correctly? -=item Compiling and saving regular expressions +=item Does Perl have a round() function? What about ceil() and floor()? +Trig functions? -=item Embedding comments and modifiers in a regular expression +=item How do I convert between numeric representations/bases/radixes? -=item Non-capturing groupings +How do I convert hexadecimal into decimal, How do I convert from decimal to +hexadecimal, How do I convert from octal to decimal, How do I convert from +decimal to octal, How do I convert from binary to decimal, How do I convert +from decimal to binary -=item Looking ahead and looking behind +=item Why doesn't & work the way I want it to? -=item Using independent subexpressions to prevent backtracking +=item How do I multiply matrices? -=item Conditional expressions +=item How do I perform an operation on a series of integers? -=item A bit of magic: executing Perl code in a regular expression +=item How can I output Roman numerals? -=item Pragmas and debugging +=item Why aren't my random numbers random? + +=item How do I get a random number between X and Y? =back -=item BUGS +=item Data: Dates -=item SEE ALSO +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item How do I find the day or week of the year? -=over 4 +=item How do I find the current century or millennium? -=item Acknowledgments +=item How can I compare two dates and find the difference? -=back +=item How can I take a string and turn it into epoch seconds? -=back +=item How can I find the Julian Day? -=head2 perlre - Perl regular expressions +=item How do I find yesterday's date? -=over 4 +=item Does Perl have a Year 2000 problem? Is Perl Y2K compliant? -=item DESCRIPTION +=back -i, m, s, x +=item Data: Strings =over 4 -=item Regular Expressions - -cntrl, graph, print, punct, xdigit +=item How do I validate input? -=item Extended Patterns +=item How do I unescape a string? -C<(?#text)>, C<(?imsx-imsx)>, C<(?:pattern)>, C<(?imsx-imsx:pattern)>, -C<(?=pattern)>, C<(?!pattern)>, C<(?<=pattern)>, C<(?, C<(?{ -code })>, C<(??{ code })>, C<< (?>pattern) >>, -C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)>, C<(?(condition)yes-pattern)> +=item How do I remove consecutive pairs of characters? -=item Backtracking +=item How do I expand function calls in a string? -=item Version 8 Regular Expressions +=item How do I find matching/nesting anything? -=item Warning on \1 vs $1 +=item How do I reverse a string? -=item Repeated patterns matching zero-length substring +=item How do I expand tabs in a string? -=item Combining pieces together +=item How do I reformat a paragraph? -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C<< (?>S) >>, C<(?=S)>, C<(?<=S)>, -C<(?!S)>, C<(?, C<(??{ EXPR })>, -C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)> +=item How can I access or change N characters of a string? -=item Creating custom RE engines +=item How do I change the Nth occurrence of something? -=back +=item How can I count the number of occurrences of a substring within a +string? -=item BUGS +=item How do I capitalize all the words on one line? -=item SEE ALSO +=item How can I split a [character] delimited string except when inside +[character]? -=back +=item How do I strip blank space from the beginning/end of a string? -=head2 perlref - Perl references and nested data structures +=item How do I pad a string with blanks or pad a number with zeroes? -=over 4 +=item How do I extract selected columns from a string? -=item NOTE +=item How do I find the soundex value of a string? -=item DESCRIPTION +=item How can I expand variables in text strings? -=over 4 +=item What's wrong with always quoting "$vars"? -=item Making References +=item Why don't my EEHERE documents work? -=item Using References +There must be no space after the EE part, There (probably) should +be a semicolon at the end, You can't (easily) have any space in front of +the tag -=item Symbolic references +=back -=item Not-so-symbolic references +=item Data: Arrays -=item Pseudo-hashes: Using an array as a hash +=over 4 -=item Function Templates +=item What is the difference between a list and an array? -=back +=item What is the difference between $array[1] and @array[1]? -=item WARNING +=item How can I remove duplicate elements from a list or array? -=item SEE ALSO +a), b), c), d), e) -=back +=item How can I tell whether a certain element is contained in a list or +array? -=head2 perlform - Perl formats +=item How do I compute the difference of two arrays? How do I compute the +intersection of two arrays? -=over 4 +=item How do I test whether two arrays or hashes are equal? -=item DESCRIPTION +=item How do I find the first array element for which a condition is true? -=over 4 +=item How do I handle linked lists? -=item Format Variables +=item How do I handle circular lists? -=back +=item How do I shuffle an array randomly? -=item NOTES +=item How do I process/modify each element of an array? -=over 4 +=item How do I select a random element from an array? -=item Footers +=item How do I permute N elements of a list? -=item Accessing Formatting Internals +=item How do I sort an array by (anything)? -=back +=item How do I manipulate arrays of bits? -=item WARNINGS +=item Why does defined() return true on empty arrays and hashes? =back -=head2 perlboot - Beginner's Object-Oriented Tutorial +=item Data: Hashes (Associative Arrays) =over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item How do I process an entire hash? -=over 4 +=item What happens if I add or remove keys from a hash while iterating over +it? -=item If we could talk to the animals... +=item How do I look up a hash element by value? -=item Introducing the method invocation arrow +=item How can I know how many entries are in a hash? -=item Invoking a barnyard +=item How do I sort a hash (optionally by value instead of key)? -=item The extra parameter of method invocation +=item How can I always keep my hash sorted? -=item Calling a second method to simplify things +=item What's the difference between "delete" and "undef" with hashes? -=item Inheriting the windpipes +=item Why don't my tied hashes make the defined/exists distinction? -=item A few notes about @ISA +=item How do I reset an each() operation part-way through? -=item Overriding the methods +=item How can I get the unique keys from two hashes? -=item Starting the search from a different place +=item How can I store a multidimensional array in a DBM file? -=item The SUPER way of doing things +=item How can I make my hash remember the order I put elements into it? -=item Where we're at so far... +=item Why does passing a subroutine an undefined element in a hash create +it? -=item A horse is a horse, of course of course -- or is it? +=item How can I make the Perl equivalent of a C structure/C++ class/hash or +array of hashes or arrays? -=item Invoking an instance method +=item How can I use a reference as a hash key? -=item Accessing the instance data +=back -=item How to build a horse +=item Data: Misc -=item Inheriting the constructor +=over 4 -=item Making a method work with either classes or instances +=item How do I handle binary data correctly? -=item Adding parameters to a method +=item How do I determine whether a scalar is a number/whole/integer/float? -=item More interesting instances +=item How do I keep persistent data across program calls? -=item A horse of a different color +=item How do I print out or copy a recursive data structure? -=item Summary +=item How do I define methods for every class/object? -=back +=item How do I verify a credit card checksum? -=item SEE ALSO +=item How do I pack arrays of doubles or floats for XS code? -=item COPYRIGHT +=back + +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 perltoot - Tom's object-oriented tutorial for perl +=head2 perlfaq5 - Files and Formats ($Revision: 1.31 $, $Date: 2004/02/07 +04:29:50 $) =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=item Creating a Class - =over 4 -=item Object Representation +=item How do I flush/unbuffer an output filehandle? Why must I do this? -=item Class Interface +=item How do I change one line in a file/delete a line in a file/insert a +line in the middle of a file/append to the beginning of a file? -=item Constructors and Instance Methods +=item How do I count the number of lines in a file? -=item Planning for the Future: Better Constructors +=item How can I use Perl's C<-i> option from within a program? -=item Destructors +=item How do I make a temporary file name? -=item Other Object Methods +=item How can I manipulate fixed-record-length files? -=back +=item How can I make a filehandle local to a subroutine? How do I pass +filehandles between subroutines? How do I make an array of filehandles? -=item Class Data +=item How can I use a filehandle indirectly? -=over 4 +=item How can I set up a footer format to be used with write()? -=item Accessing Class Data +=item How can I write() into a string? -=item Debugging Methods +=item How can I output my numbers with commas added? -=item Class Destructors +=item How can I translate tildes (~) in a filename? -=item Documenting the Interface +=item How come when I open a file read-write it wipes it out? -=back +=item Why do I sometimes get an "Argument list too long" when I use +E*E? -=item Aggregation +=item Is there a leak/bug in glob()? -=item Inheritance +=item How can I open a file with a leading ">" or trailing blanks? -=over 4 +=item How can I reliably rename a file? -=item Overridden Methods +=item How can I lock a file? -=item Multiple Inheritance +=item Why can't I just open(FH, "Efile.lock")? -=item UNIVERSAL: The Root of All Objects +=item I still don't get locking. I just want to increment the number in +the file. How can I do this? -=back +=item All I want to do is append a small amount of text to the end of a +file. Do I still have to use locking? -=item Alternate Object Representations +=item How do I randomly update a binary file? -=over 4 +=item How do I get a file's timestamp in perl? -=item Arrays as Objects +=item How do I set a file's timestamp in perl? -=item Closures as Objects +=item How do I print to more than one file at once? -=back +=item How can I read in an entire file all at once? -=item AUTOLOAD: Proxy Methods +=item How can I read in a file by paragraphs? -=over 4 +=item How can I read a single character from a file? From the keyboard? -=item Autoloaded Data Methods +=item How can I tell whether there's a character waiting on a filehandle? -=item Inherited Autoloaded Data Methods +=item How do I do a C in perl? -=back +=item How do I dup() a filehandle in Perl? -=item Metaclassical Tools +=item How do I close a file descriptor by number? -=over 4 +=item Why can't I use "C:\temp\foo" in DOS paths? Why doesn't +`C:\temp\foo.exe` work? -=item Class::Struct +=item Why doesn't glob("*.*") get all the files? -=item Data Members as Variables +=item Why does Perl let me delete read-only files? Why does C<-i> clobber +protected files? Isn't this a bug in Perl? -=back +=item How do I select a random line from a file? -=item NOTES +=item Why do I get weird spaces when I print an array of lines? -=over 4 +=back -=item Object Terminology +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT =back -=item SEE ALSO +=head2 perlfaq6 - Regular Expressions ($Revision: 1.27 $, $Date: 2004/11/03 +22:52:16 $) -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=over 4 -=item COPYRIGHT +=item DESCRIPTION =over 4 -=item Acknowledgments - -=back +=item How can I hope to use regular expressions without creating illegible +and unmaintainable code? -=back +Comments Outside the Regex, Comments Inside the Regex, Different Delimiters -=head2 perltooc - Tom's OO Tutorial for Class Data in Perl +=item I'm having trouble matching over more than one line. What's wrong? -=over 4 +=item How can I pull out lines between two patterns that are themselves on +different lines? -=item DESCRIPTION +=item I put a regular expression into $/ but it didn't work. What's wrong? -=item Class Data in a Can +=item How do I substitute case insensitively on the LHS while preserving +case on the RHS? -=item Class Data as Package Variables +=item How can I make C<\w> match national character sets? -=over 4 +=item How can I match a locale-smart version of C? -=item Putting All Your Eggs in One Basket +=item How can I quote a variable to use in a regex? -=item Inheritance Concerns +=item What is C really for? -=item The Eponymous Meta-Object +=item How do I use a regular expression to strip C style comments from a +file? -=item Indirect References to Class Data +=item Can I use Perl regular expressions to match balanced text? -=item Monadic Classes +=item What does it mean that regexes are greedy? How can I get around it? -=item Translucent Attributes +=item How do I process each word on each line? -=back +=item How can I print out a word-frequency or line-frequency summary? -=item Class Data as Lexical Variables +=item How can I do approximate matching? -=over 4 +=item How do I efficiently match many regular expressions at once? -=item Privacy and Responsibility +=item Why don't word-boundary searches with C<\b> work for me? -=item File-Scoped Lexicals +=item Why does using $&, $`, or $' slow my program down? -=item More Inheritance Concerns +=item What good is C<\G> in a regular expression? -=item Locking the Door and Throwing Away the Key +=item Are Perl regexes DFAs or NFAs? Are they POSIX compliant? -=item Translucency Revisited +=item What's wrong with using grep in a void context? -=back +=item How can I match strings with multibyte characters? -=item NOTES +=item How do I match a pattern that is supplied by the user? -=item SEE ALSO +=back =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT -=item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS - -=item HISTORY - =back -=head2 perlobj - Perl objects +=head2 perlfaq7 - General Perl Language Issues ($Revision: 1.18 $, $Date: +2004/11/03 22:54:08 $) =over 4 @@ -1520,798 +1413,883 @@ C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)> =over 4 -=item An Object is Simply a Reference +=item Can I get a BNF/yacc/RE for the Perl language? -=item A Class is Simply a Package +=item What are all these $@%&* punctuation signs, and how do I know when to +use them? -=item A Method is Simply a Subroutine +=item Do I always/never have to quote my strings or use semicolons and +commas? -=item Method Invocation +=item How do I skip some return values? -=item Indirect Object Syntax +=item How do I temporarily block warnings? -=item Default UNIVERSAL methods +=item What's an extension? -isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] ) +=item Why do Perl operators have different precedence than C operators? -=item Destructors +=item How do I declare/create a structure? -=item Summary +=item How do I create a module? -=item Two-Phased Garbage Collection +=item How do I create a class? -=back +=item How can I tell if a variable is tainted? -=item SEE ALSO +=item What's a closure? -=back +=item What is variable suicide and how can I prevent it? -=head2 perlbot - Bag'o Object Tricks (the BOT) +=item How can I pass/return a {Function, FileHandle, Array, Hash, Method, +Regex}? -=over 4 +Passing Variables and Functions, Passing Filehandles, Passing Regexes, +Passing Methods -=item DESCRIPTION +=item How do I create a static variable? -=item OO SCALING TIPS +=item What's the difference between dynamic and lexical (static) scoping? +Between local() and my()? -=item INSTANCE VARIABLES +=item How can I access a dynamic variable while a similarly named lexical +is in scope? -=item SCALAR INSTANCE VARIABLES +=item What's the difference between deep and shallow binding? -=item INSTANCE VARIABLE INHERITANCE +=item Why doesn't "my($foo) = EFILEE;" work right? -=item OBJECT RELATIONSHIPS +=item How do I redefine a builtin function, operator, or method? -=item OVERRIDING SUPERCLASS METHODS +=item What's the difference between calling a function as &foo and foo()? -=item USING RELATIONSHIP WITH SDBM +=item How do I create a switch or case statement? -=item THINKING OF CODE REUSE +=item How can I catch accesses to undefined variables, functions, or +methods? -=item CLASS CONTEXT AND THE OBJECT +=item Why can't a method included in this same file be found? -=item INHERITING A CONSTRUCTOR +=item How can I find out my current package? -=item DELEGATION +=item How can I comment out a large block of perl code? + +=item How do I clear a package? + +=item How can I use a variable as a variable name? + +=item What does "bad interpreter" mean? =back -=head2 perltie - how to hide an object class in a simple variable +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT -=over 4 +=back -=item SYNOPSIS +=head2 perlfaq8 - System Interaction ($Revision: 1.22 $, $Date: 2004/10/05 +22:13:49 $) + +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION =over 4 -=item Tying Scalars +=item How do I find out which operating system I'm running under? -TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, UNTIE this, -DESTROY this +=item How come exec() doesn't return? -=item Tying Arrays +=item How do I do fancy stuff with the keyboard/screen/mouse? -TIEARRAY classname, LIST, FETCH this, index, STORE this, index, value, -FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE this, count, EXTEND this, count, EXISTS this, -key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, PUSH this, LIST, POP this, SHIFT this, -UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST, UNTIE this, DESTROY -this +Keyboard, Screen, Mouse -=item Tying Hashes +=item How do I print something out in color? -USER, HOME, CLOBBER, LIST, TIEHASH classname, LIST, FETCH this, key, STORE -this, key, value, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, EXISTS this, key, FIRSTKEY -this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, UNTIE this, DESTROY this +=item How do I read just one key without waiting for a return key? -=item Tying FileHandles +=item How do I check whether input is ready on the keyboard? -TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this, -LIST, READ this, LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, UNTIE this, -DESTROY this +=item How do I clear the screen? -=item UNTIE this +=item How do I get the screen size? -=item The C Gotcha +=item How do I ask the user for a password? -=back +=item How do I read and write the serial port? -=item SEE ALSO +lockfiles, open mode, end of line, flushing output, non-blocking input -=item BUGS +=item How do I decode encrypted password files? -=item AUTHOR +=item How do I start a process in the background? -=back +STDIN, STDOUT, and STDERR are shared, Signals, Zombies -=head2 perlipc - Perl interprocess communication (signals, fifos, pipes, -safe subprocesses, sockets, and semaphores) +=item How do I trap control characters/signals? -=over 4 +=item How do I modify the shadow password file on a Unix system? -=item DESCRIPTION +=item How do I set the time and date? -=item Signals +=item How can I sleep() or alarm() for under a second? -=item Named Pipes +=item How can I measure time under a second? -=over 4 +=item How can I do an atexit() or setjmp()/longjmp()? (Exception handling) -=item WARNING +=item Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)? What +does the error message "Protocol not supported" mean? -=back +=item How can I call my system's unique C functions from Perl? -=item Using open() for IPC +=item Where do I get the include files to do ioctl() or syscall()? -=over 4 +=item Why do setuid perl scripts complain about kernel problems? -=item Filehandles +=item How can I open a pipe both to and from a command? -=item Background Processes +=item Why can't I get the output of a command with system()? -=item Complete Dissociation of Child from Parent +=item How can I capture STDERR from an external command? -=item Safe Pipe Opens +=item Why doesn't open() return an error when a pipe open fails? -=item Bidirectional Communication with Another Process +=item What's wrong with using backticks in a void context? -=item Bidirectional Communication with Yourself +=item How can I call backticks without shell processing? -=back +=item Why can't my script read from STDIN after I gave it EOF (^D on Unix, +^Z on MS-DOS)? -=item Sockets: Client/Server Communication +=item How can I convert my shell script to perl? -=over 4 +=item Can I use perl to run a telnet or ftp session? -=item Internet Line Terminators +=item How can I write expect in Perl? -=item Internet TCP Clients and Servers +=item Is there a way to hide perl's command line from programs such as +"ps"? -=item Unix-Domain TCP Clients and Servers +=item I {changed directory, modified my environment} in a perl script. How +come the change disappeared when I exited the script? How do I get my +changes to be visible? -=back +Unix -=item TCP Clients with IO::Socket +=item How do I close a process's filehandle without waiting for it to +complete? -=over 4 +=item How do I fork a daemon process? -=item A Simple Client +=item How do I find out if I'm running interactively or not? -C, C, C +=item How do I timeout a slow event? -=item A Webget Client +=item How do I set CPU limits? -=item Interactive Client with IO::Socket +=item How do I avoid zombies on a Unix system? -=back +=item How do I use an SQL database? -=item TCP Servers with IO::Socket +=item How do I make a system() exit on control-C? -Proto, LocalPort, Listen, Reuse +=item How do I open a file without blocking? -=item UDP: Message Passing +=item How do I tell the difference between errors from the shell and perl? -=item SysV IPC +=item How do I install a module from CPAN? -=item NOTES +=item What's the difference between require and use? -=item BUGS +=item How do I keep my own module/library directory? -=item AUTHOR +=item How do I add the directory my program lives in to the module/library +search path? -=item SEE ALSO +=item How do I add a directory to my include path (@INC) at runtime? + +=item What is socket.ph and where do I get it? =back -=head2 perlfork - Perl's fork() emulation (EXPERIMENTAL, subject to change) +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT -=over 4 +=back -=item SYNOPSIS +=head2 perlfaq9 - Networking ($Revision: 1.16 $, $Date: 2004/10/30 12:20:59 +$) + +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION =over 4 -=item Behavior of other Perl features in forked pseudo-processes +=item What is the correct form of response from a CGI script? -$$ or $PROCESS_ID, %ENV, chdir() and all other builtins that accept -filenames, wait() and waitpid(), kill(), exec(), exit(), Open handles to -files, directories and network sockets +=item My CGI script runs from the command line but not the browser. (500 +Server Error) -=item Resource limits +=item How can I get better error messages from a CGI program? -=item Killing the parent process +=item How do I remove HTML from a string? -=item Lifetime of the parent process and pseudo-processes +=item How do I extract URLs? -=item CAVEATS AND LIMITATIONS +=item How do I download a file from the user's machine? How do I open a +file on another machine? -BEGIN blocks, Open filehandles, Forking pipe open() not yet implemented, -Global state maintained by XSUBs, Interpreter embedded in larger -application, Thread-safety of extensions +=item How do I make a pop-up menu in HTML? -=back +=item How do I fetch an HTML file? -=item BUGS +=item How do I automate an HTML form submission? -=item AUTHOR +=item How do I decode or create those %-encodings on the web? -=item SEE ALSO +=item How do I redirect to another page? -=back +=item How do I put a password on my web pages? -=head2 perlnumber - semantics of numbers and numeric operations in Perl +=item How do I edit my .htpasswd and .htgroup files with Perl? -=over 4 +=item How do I make sure users can't enter values into a form that cause my +CGI script to do bad things? -=item SYNOPSIS +=item How do I parse a mail header? -=item DESCRIPTION +=item How do I decode a CGI form? -=item Storing numbers +=item How do I check a valid mail address? -=item Numeric operators and numeric conversions +=item How do I decode a MIME/BASE64 string? -=item Flavors of Perl numeric operations +=item How do I return the user's mail address? -Arithmetic operators except, C, Arithmetic operators except, -C, Bitwise operators, C, Bitwise operators, C, Operators which expect an integer, Operators which expect a -string +=item How do I send mail? -=item AUTHOR +=item How do I use MIME to make an attachment to a mail message? -=item SEE ALSO +=item How do I read mail? -=back +=item How do I find out my hostname/domainname/IP address? -=head2 perlthrtut - tutorial on threads in Perl +=item How do I fetch a news article or the active newsgroups? -=over 4 +=item How do I fetch/put an FTP file? -=item DESCRIPTION +=item How can I do RPC in Perl? =back -=head2 perlothrtut - old tutorial on threads in Perl +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT -=over 4 +=back -=item DESCRIPTION +=head2 perlsyn - Perl syntax -=item What Is A Thread Anyway? +=over 4 -=item Threaded Program Models +=item DESCRIPTION =over 4 -=item Boss/Worker - -=item Work Crew +=item Declarations -=item Pipeline +=item Comments -=back +=item Simple Statements -=item Native threads +=item Truth and Falsehood -=item What kind of threads are perl threads? +=item Statement Modifiers -=item Threadsafe Modules +=item Compound Statements -=item Thread Basics +=item Loop Control -=over 4 +=item For Loops -=item Basic Thread Support +=item Foreach Loops -=item Creating Threads +=item Basic BLOCKs and Switch Statements -=item Giving up control +=item Goto -=item Waiting For A Thread To Exit +=item PODs: Embedded Documentation -=item Errors In Threads +=item Plain Old Comments (Not!) -=item Ignoring A Thread +=back =back -=item Threads And Data +=head2 perldata - Perl data types =over 4 -=item Shared And Unshared Data - -=item Thread Pitfall: Races - -=item Controlling access: lock() +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Thread Pitfall: Deadlocks +=over 4 -=item Queues: Passing Data Around +=item Variable names -=back +=item Context -=item Threads And Code +=item Scalar values -=over 4 +=item Scalar value constructors -=item Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access +=item List value constructors -Basic semaphores, Advanced Semaphores +=item Subscripts -=item Attributes: Restricting Access To Subroutines +=item Slices -=item Subroutine Locks +=item Typeglobs and Filehandles -=item Methods +=back -=item Locking A Subroutine +=item SEE ALSO =back -=item General Thread Utility Routines +=head2 perlop - Perl operators and precedence =over 4 -=item What Thread Am I In? - -=item Thread IDs +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Are These Threads The Same? +=over 4 -=item What Threads Are Running? +=item Operator Precedence and Associativity -=back +=item Terms and List Operators (Leftward) -=item A Complete Example +=item The Arrow Operator -=item Conclusion +=item Auto-increment and Auto-decrement -=item Bibliography +=item Exponentiation -=over 4 +=item Symbolic Unary Operators -=item Introductory Texts +=item Binding Operators -=item OS-Related References +=item Multiplicative Operators -=item Other References +=item Additive Operators -=back +=item Shift Operators -=item Acknowledgements +=item Named Unary Operators -=item AUTHOR +=item Relational Operators -=item Copyrights +=item Equality Operators -=back +=item Bitwise And -=head2 perlport - Writing portable Perl +=item Bitwise Or and Exclusive Or -=over 4 +=item C-style Logical And -=item DESCRIPTION +=item C-style Logical Or -Not all Perl programs have to be portable, Nearly all of Perl already I -portable +=item C-style Logical Defined-Or -=item ISSUES +=item Range Operators -=over 4 +=item Conditional Operator -=item Newlines +=item Assignment Operators -=item Numbers endianness and Width +=item Comma Operator -=item Files and Filesystems +=item List Operators (Rightward) -=item System Interaction +=item Logical Not -=item Interprocess Communication (IPC) +=item Logical And -=item External Subroutines (XS) +=item Logical or, Defined or, and Exclusive Or -=item Standard Modules +=item C Operators Missing From Perl -=item Time and Date +unary &, unary *, (TYPE) -=item Character sets and character encoding +=item Quote and Quote-like Operators -=item Internationalisation +=item Regexp Quote-Like Operators -=item System Resources +?PATTERN?, m/PATTERN/cgimosx, /PATTERN/cgimosx, q/STRING/, C<'STRING'>, +qq/STRING/, "STRING", qr/STRING/imosx, qx/STRING/, `STRING`, qw/STRING/, +s/PATTERN/REPLACEMENT/egimosx, tr/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds, +y/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds, <, C, C, C, C, C<''>, C, C<"">, +C<``>, C, C, C<< >>, C, C, C, +C,, Interpolation of regular expressions, Optimization of +regular expressions -Mailing list: cpan-testers@perl.org, Testing results: -http://testers.cpan.org/ +=item I/O Operators -=item PLATFORMS +=item Constant Folding -=over 4 +=item No-ops -=item Unix +=item Bitwise String Operators -=item DOS and Derivatives +=item Integer Arithmetic -=item S +=item Floating-point Arithmetic -=item VMS +=item Bigger Numbers -=item VOS +=back -=item EBCDIC Platforms +=back -=item Acorn RISC OS +=head2 perlsub - Perl subroutines -=item Other perls +=over 4 -=back +=item SYNOPSIS -=item FUNCTION IMPLEMENTATIONS +=item DESCRIPTION =over 4 -=item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions +=item Private Variables via my() --I FILEHANDLE, -I EXPR, -I, alarm SECONDS, alarm, binmode -FILEHANDLE, chmod LIST, chown LIST, chroot FILENAME, chroot, crypt -PLAINTEXT,SALT, dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MODE, dump LABEL, exec -LIST, fcntl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, fork, -getlogin, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority WHICH,WHO, getpwnam NAME, -getgrnam NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getnetbyaddr -ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER, getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, -getgrent, gethostent, getnetent, getprotoent, getservent, setpwent, -setgrent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, -setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent, endhostent, endnetent, -endprotoent, endservent, exit EXPR, exit, getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, -glob EXPR, glob, ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, kill SIGNAL, LIST, link -OLDFILE,NEWFILE, lstat FILEHANDLE, lstat EXPR, lstat, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, -msgget KEY,FLAGS, msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, open -FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE, pipe READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, readlink -EXPR, readlink, select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, -semget KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, setgrent, setpgrp PID,PGRP, -setpriority WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setpwent, setsockopt -SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, -shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE, shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, sockatmark SOCKET, -socketpair SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, stat FILEHANDLE, stat -EXPR, stat, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen -FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, system LIST, times, truncate -FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, umask EXPR, umask, utime LIST, -wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS +=item Persistent Private Variables -=back +=item Temporary Values via local() -=item CHANGES +=item Lvalue subroutines -v1.48, 02 February 2001, v1.47, 22 March 2000, v1.46, 12 February 2000, -v1.45, 20 December 1999, v1.44, 19 July 1999, v1.43, 24 May 1999, v1.42, 22 -May 1999, v1.41, 19 May 1999, v1.40, 11 April 1999, v1.39, 11 February -1999, v1.38, 31 December 1998, v1.37, 19 December 1998, v1.36, 9 September -1998, v1.35, 13 August 1998, v1.33, 06 August 1998, v1.32, 05 August 1998, -v1.30, 03 August 1998, v1.23, 10 July 1998 +Lvalue subroutines are EXPERIMENTAL -=item Supported Platforms +=item Passing Symbol Table Entries (typeglobs) -=item SEE ALSO +=item When to Still Use local() -=item AUTHORS / CONTRIBUTORS +=item Pass by Reference -=item VERSION +=item Prototypes -=back +=item Constant Functions -=head2 perllocale - Perl locale handling (internationalization and -localization) +=item Overriding Built-in Functions -=over 4 +=item Autoloading -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Subroutine Attributes -=item PREPARING TO USE LOCALES +=back -=item USING LOCALES +=item SEE ALSO -=over 4 +=back -=item The use locale pragma +=head2 perlfunc - Perl builtin functions -=item The setlocale function +=over 4 -=item Finding locales +=item DESCRIPTION -=item LOCALE PROBLEMS +=over 4 -=item Temporarily fixing locale problems +=item Perl Functions by Category -=item Permanently fixing locale problems +Functions for SCALARs or strings, Regular expressions and pattern matching, +Numeric functions, Functions for real @ARRAYs, Functions for list data, +Functions for real %HASHes, Input and output functions, Functions for fixed +length data or records, Functions for filehandles, files, or directories, +Keywords related to the control flow of your perl program, Keywords related +to scoping, Miscellaneous functions, Functions for processes and process +groups, Keywords related to perl modules, Keywords related to classes and +object-orientedness, Low-level socket functions, System V interprocess +communication functions, Fetching user and group info, Fetching network +info, Time-related functions, Functions new in perl5, Functions obsoleted +in perl5 -=item Permanently fixing your system's locale configuration +=item Portability -=item Fixing system locale configuration +=item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions -=item The localeconv function +-I FILEHANDLE, -I EXPR, -I, abs VALUE, abs, accept +NEWSOCKET,GENERICSOCKET, alarm SECONDS, alarm, atan2 Y,X, bind SOCKET,NAME, +binmode FILEHANDLE, LAYER, binmode FILEHANDLE, bless REF,CLASSNAME, bless +REF, caller EXPR, caller, chdir EXPR, chmod LIST, chomp VARIABLE, chomp( +LIST ), chomp, chop VARIABLE, chop( LIST ), chop, chown LIST, chr NUMBER, +chr, chroot FILENAME, chroot, close FILEHANDLE, close, closedir DIRHANDLE, +connect SOCKET,NAME, continue BLOCK, cos EXPR, cos, crypt PLAINTEXT,SALT, +dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MASK, defined EXPR, defined, delete +EXPR, die LIST, do BLOCK, do SUBROUTINE(LIST), do EXPR, dump LABEL, dump, +each HASH, eof FILEHANDLE, eof (), eof, eval EXPR, eval BLOCK, exec LIST, +exec PROGRAM LIST, exists EXPR, exit EXPR, exp EXPR, exp, fcntl +FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, fileno FILEHANDLE, flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, +fork, format, formline PICTURE,LIST, getc FILEHANDLE, getc, getlogin, +getpeername SOCKET, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority WHICH,WHO, getpwnam +NAME, getgrnam NAME, gethostbyname NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getprotobyname +NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getservbyname NAME,PROTO, gethostbyaddr +ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER, +getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent, gethostent, getnetent, +getprotoent, getservent, setpwent, setgrent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent +STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent, +endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockname SOCKET, +getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob, gmtime EXPR, goto LABEL, +goto EXPR, goto &NAME, grep BLOCK LIST, grep EXPR,LIST, hex EXPR, hex, +import, index STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, index STR,SUBSTR, int EXPR, int, ioctl +FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, join EXPR,LIST, keys HASH, kill SIGNAL, LIST, +last LABEL, last, lc EXPR, lc, lcfirst EXPR, lcfirst, length EXPR, length, +link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, listen SOCKET,QUEUESIZE, local EXPR, localtime EXPR, +lock THING, log EXPR, log, lstat EXPR, lstat, m//, map BLOCK LIST, map +EXPR,LIST, mkdir FILENAME,MASK, mkdir FILENAME, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget +KEY,FLAGS, msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, my EXPR, my +TYPE EXPR, my EXPR : ATTRS, my TYPE EXPR : ATTRS, next LABEL, next, no +Module VERSION LIST, no Module VERSION, no Module LIST, no Module, oct +EXPR, oct, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR, open +FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR,LIST, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,REFERENCE, open FILEHANDLE, +opendir DIRHANDLE,EXPR, ord EXPR, ord, our EXPR, our EXPR TYPE, our EXPR : +ATTRS, our TYPE EXPR : ATTRS, pack TEMPLATE,LIST, package NAMESPACE, +package, pipe READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, pop ARRAY, pop, pos SCALAR, pos, +print FILEHANDLE LIST, print LIST, print, printf FILEHANDLE FORMAT, LIST, +printf FORMAT, LIST, prototype FUNCTION, push ARRAY,LIST, q/STRING/, +qq/STRING/, qr/STRING/, qx/STRING/, qw/STRING/, quotemeta EXPR, quotemeta, +rand EXPR, rand, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, read +FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, readdir DIRHANDLE, readline EXPR, readlink EXPR, +readlink, readpipe EXPR, recv SOCKET,SCALAR,LENGTH,FLAGS, redo LABEL, redo, +ref EXPR, ref, rename OLDNAME,NEWNAME, require VERSION, require EXPR, +require, reset EXPR, reset, return EXPR, return, reverse LIST, rewinddir +DIRHANDLE, rindex STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, rindex STR,SUBSTR, rmdir FILENAME, +rmdir, s///, scalar EXPR, seek FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, seekdir +DIRHANDLE,POS, select FILEHANDLE, select, select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, +semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, send +SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS,TO, send SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS, setpgrp PID,PGRP, setpriority +WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shift ARRAY, +shift, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE, +shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, shutdown SOCKET,HOW, sin EXPR, sin, sleep +EXPR, sleep, socket SOCKET,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, socketpair +SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, sort SUBNAME LIST, sort BLOCK LIST, +sort LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH, +splice ARRAY,OFFSET, splice ARRAY, split /PATTERN/,EXPR,LIMIT, split +/PATTERN/,EXPR, split /PATTERN/, split, sprintf FORMAT, LIST, format +parameter index, flags, vector flag, (minimum) width, precision, or maximum +width, size, order of arguments, sqrt EXPR, sqrt, srand EXPR, srand, stat +FILEHANDLE, stat EXPR, stat, study SCALAR, study, sub NAME BLOCK, sub NAME +(PROTO) BLOCK, sub NAME : ATTRS BLOCK, sub NAME (PROTO) : ATTRS BLOCK, +substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH,REPLACEMENT, substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH, substr +EXPR,OFFSET, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall NUMBER, LIST, sysopen +FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE, sysopen FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, sysread +FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, sysread FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, sysseek +FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, system LIST, system PROGRAM LIST, syswrite +FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, +syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR, tell FILEHANDLE, tell, telldir DIRHANDLE, tie +VARIABLE,CLASSNAME,LIST, tied VARIABLE, time, times, tr///, truncate +FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, uc EXPR, uc, ucfirst EXPR, +ucfirst, umask EXPR, umask, undef EXPR, undef, unlink LIST, unlink, unpack +TEMPLATE,EXPR, unpack TEMPLATE, untie VARIABLE, unshift ARRAY,LIST, use +Module VERSION LIST, use Module VERSION, use Module LIST, use Module, use +VERSION, utime LIST, values HASH, vec EXPR,OFFSET,BITS, wait, waitpid +PID,FLAGS, wantarray, warn LIST, write FILEHANDLE, write EXPR, write, y/// -=item I18N::Langinfo +=back =back -=item LOCALE CATEGORIES +=head2 perlopentut - tutorial on opening things in Perl =over 4 -=item Category LC_COLLATE: Collation +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Category LC_CTYPE: Character Types +=item Open E la shell -=item Category LC_NUMERIC: Numeric Formatting +=over 4 -=item Category LC_MONETARY: Formatting of monetary amounts +=item Simple Opens -=item LC_TIME +=item Indirect Filehandles -=item Other categories +=item Pipe Opens -=back +=item The Minus File -=item SECURITY +=item Mixing Reads and Writes -=item ENVIRONMENT +=item Filters -PERL_BADLANG, LC_ALL, LANGUAGE, LC_CTYPE, LC_COLLATE, LC_MONETARY, -LC_NUMERIC, LC_TIME, LANG +=back -=item NOTES +=item Open E la C =over 4 -=item Backward compatibility - -=item I18N:Collate obsolete - -=item Sort speed and memory use impacts - -=item write() and LC_NUMERIC - -=item Freely available locale definitions - -=item I18n and l10n - -=item An imperfect standard +=item Permissions E la mode =back -=item BUGS +=item Obscure Open Tricks =over 4 -=item Broken systems - -=back +=item Re-Opening Files (dups) -=item SEE ALSO +=item Dispelling the Dweomer -=item HISTORY +=item Paths as Opens -=back +=item Single Argument Open -=head2 perlunicode - Unicode support in Perl +=item Playing with STDIN and STDOUT -=over 4 +=back -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Other I/O Issues =over 4 -=item Important Caveats - -Input and Output Disciplines, Regular Expressions, C still needed -to enable UTF-8/UTF-EBCDIC in scripts +=item Opening Non-File Files -=item Byte and Character semantics +=item Opening Named Pipes -=item Effects of character semantics +=item Opening Sockets -=item Scripts +=item Binary Files -=item Blocks +=item File Locking -=item Character encodings for input and output +=item IO Layers =back -=item CAVEATS +=item SEE ALSO -=item UNICODE REGULAR EXPRESSION SUPPORT LEVEL +=item AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT -=item SEE ALSO +=item HISTORY =back -=head2 perlebcdic - Considerations for running Perl on EBCDIC platforms +=head2 perlpacktut - tutorial on C and C =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=item COMMON CHARACTER CODE SETS +=item The Basic Principle + +=item Packing Text + +=item Packing Numbers =over 4 -=item ASCII +=item Integers -=item ISO 8859 +=item Unpacking a Stack Frame -=item Latin 1 (ISO 8859-1) +=item How to Eat an Egg on a Net -=item EBCDIC +=item Byte-order modifiers -=item 13 variant characters +=item Floating point Numbers -=item 0037 +=back -=item 1047 +=item Exotic Templates -=item POSIX-BC +=over 4 -=item Unicode and UTF +=item Bit Strings -=back +=item Uuencoding -=item SINGLE OCTET TABLES +=item Doing Sums -recipe 0, recipe 1, recipe 2, recipe 3, recipe 4, recipe 5, recipe 6 +=item Unicode -=item IDENTIFYING CHARACTER CODE SETS +=item Another Portable Binary Encoding -=item CONVERSIONS +=back + +=item Template Grouping + +=item Lengths and Widths =over 4 -=item tr/// +=item String Lengths -=item iconv +=item Dynamic Templates -=item C RTL +=item Counting Repetitions =back -=item OPERATOR DIFFERENCES +=item Packing and Unpacking C Structures -=item FUNCTION DIFFERENCES +=over 4 -chr(), ord(), pack(), print(), printf(), sort(), sprintf(), unpack() +=item The Alignment Pit -=item REGULAR EXPRESSION DIFFERENCES +=item Dealing with Endian-ness -=item SOCKETS +=item Alignment, Take 2 -=item SORTING +=item Alignment, Take 3 -=over 4 +=item Pointers for How to Use Them -=item Ignore ASCII vs. EBCDIC sort differences. +=back -=item MONO CASE then sort data. +=item Pack Recipes -=item Convert, sort data, then re convert. +=item Funnies Section -=item Perform sorting on one type of machine only. +=item Authors =back -=item TRANSFORMATION FORMATS +=head2 perlpod - the Plain Old Documentation format =over 4 -=item URL decoding and encoding +=item DESCRIPTION -=item uu encoding and decoding +=over 4 -=item Quoted-Printable encoding and decoding +=item Ordinary Paragraph -=item Caesarian ciphers +=item Verbatim Paragraph -=back - -=item Hashing order and checksums - -=item I18N AND L10N - -=item MULTI OCTET CHARACTER SETS - -=item OS ISSUES - -=over 4 +=item Command Paragraph -=item OS/400 +C<=head1 I>, C<=head2 I>, C<=head3 I>, C<=head4 I>, C<=over I>, C<=item +I>, C<=back>, C<=cut>, C<=pod>, C<=begin I>, C<=end +I>, C<=for I I>, C<=encoding +I> -IFS access +=item Formatting Codes -=item OS/390, z/OS +CtextE> -- italic text, CtextE> -- bold text, +CcodeE> -- code text, CnameE> -- a hyperlink, +CescapeE> -- a character escape, CfilenameE> -- used +for filenames, CtextE> -- text contains non-breaking spaces, +Ctopic nameE> -- an index entry, CE> -- a null +(zero-effect) formatting code -chcp, dataset access, OS/390, z/OS iconv, locales +=item The Intent -=item VM/ESA? +=item Embedding Pods in Perl Modules -=item POSIX-BC? +=item Hints for Writing Pod =back -=item BUGS - =item SEE ALSO -=item REFERENCES - -=item HISTORY - =item AUTHOR =back -=head2 perlsec - Perl security +=head2 perlpodspec - Plain Old Documentation: format specification and +notes =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over 4 +=item Pod Definitions -=item Laundering and Detecting Tainted Data +=item Pod Commands -=item Switches On the "#!" Line +"=head1", "=head2", "=head3", "=head4", "=pod", "=cut", "=over", "=item", +"=back", "=begin formatname", "=end formatname", "=for formatname text...", +"=encoding encodingname" -=item Cleaning Up Your Path +=item Pod Formatting Codes -=item Security Bugs +CtextE> -- italic text, CtextE> -- bold text, +CcodeE> -- code text, CfilenameE> -- style for +filenames, Ctopic nameE> -- an index entry, CE> -- a +null (zero-effect) formatting code, CnameE> -- a hyperlink, +CescapeE> -- a character escape, CtextE> -- text +contains non-breaking spaces -=item Protecting Your Programs +=item Notes on Implementing Pod Processors -=back +=item About LE...E Codes + +First:, Second:, Third:, Fourth:, Fifth:, Sixth: + +=item About =over...=back Regions + +=item About Data Paragraphs and "=begin/=end" Regions =item SEE ALSO +=item AUTHOR + =back -=head2 perlmod - Perl modules (packages and symbol tables) +=head2 perlrun - how to execute the Perl interpreter =over 4 +=item SYNOPSIS + =item DESCRIPTION =over 4 -=item Packages +=item #! and quoting on non-Unix systems -=item Symbol Tables +OS/2, MS-DOS, Win95/NT, Macintosh, VMS -=item Package Constructors and Destructors +=item Location of Perl -=item Perl Classes +=item Command Switches -=item Perl Modules +B<-0>[I], B<-A [I]>, B<-a>, B<-C +[I]>, B<-c>, B<-d>, B<-dt>, B<-d:>I, +B<-dt:>I, B<-D>I, B<-D>I, B<-e> +I, B<-F>I, B<-h>, B<-i>[I], +B<-I>I, B<-l>[I], B<-m>[B<->]I, +B<-M>[B<->]I, B<-M>[B<->]I<'module ...'>, +B<-[mM]>[B<->]I, B<-n>, B<-p>, B<-P>, B<-s>, B<-S>, +B<-t>, B<-T>, B<-u>, B<-U>, B<-v>, B<-V>, B<-V:>I, B<-w>, B<-W>, +B<-X>, B<-x>, B<-x> I -=item Making your module threadsafe +=back + +=item ENVIRONMENT + +HOME, LOGDIR, PATH, PERL5LIB, PERL5OPT, PERLIO, :bytes, :crlf, :mmap, +:perlio, :pop, :raw, :stdio, :unix, :utf8, :win32, PERLIO_DEBUG, PERLLIB, +PERL5DB, PERL5DB_THREADED, PERL5SHELL (specific to the Win32 port), +PERL_ALLOW_NON_IFS_LSP (specific to the Win32 port), PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS, +PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL, PERL_DL_NONLAZY, PERL_ENCODING, PERL_HASH_SEED, +PERL_HASH_SEED_DEBUG, PERL_ROOT (specific to the VMS port), PERL_SIGNALS, +PERL_UNICODE, SYS$LOGIN (specific to the VMS port) =back -=item SEE ALSO +=head2 perldiag - various Perl diagnostics + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION =back -=head2 perlmodinstall - Installing CPAN Modules +=head2 perllexwarn - Perl Lexical Warnings =over 4 @@ -2319,228 +2297,260 @@ chcp, dataset access, OS/390, z/OS iconv, locales =over 4 -=item PREAMBLE +=item Default Warnings and Optional Warnings -B the file, B the file into a directory, B the -module (sometimes unnecessary), B the module +=item What's wrong with B<-w> and C<$^W> + +=item Controlling Warnings from the Command Line + +B<-w>, B<-W>, B<-X> + +=item Backward Compatibility + +=item Category Hierarchy + +=item Fatal Warnings + +=item Reporting Warnings from a Module =back -=item PORTABILITY +=item TODO -=item HEY +=item SEE ALSO =item AUTHOR -=item COPYRIGHT - =back -=head2 perlmodlib - constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones +=head2 perldebug - Perl debugging =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=item THE PERL MODULE LIBRARY +=item The Perl Debugger =over 4 -=item Pragmatic Modules +=item Debugger Commands -attributes, attrs, autouse, base, blib, bytes, charnames, constant, -diagnostics, fields, filetest, integer, less, locale, open, ops, overload, -re, sigtrap, strict, subs, threads, utf8, vars, warnings, -warnings::register +h, h [command], h h, p expr, x [maxdepth] expr, V [pkg [vars]], X [vars], y +[level [vars]], T, s [expr], n [expr], r, , c [line|sub], l, l +min+incr, l min-max, l line, l subname, -, v [line], f filename, /pattern/, +?pattern?, L [abw], S [[!]regex], t, t expr, b, b [line] [condition], b +subname [condition], b postpone subname [condition], b load filename, b +compile subname, B line, B *, a [line] command, A line, A *, w expr, W +expr, W *, o, o booloption .., o anyoption? .., o option=value .., < ?, < [ +command ], < *, << command, > ?, > command, > *, >> command, { ?, { [ +command ], { *, {{ command, ! number, ! -number, ! pattern, !! cmd, source +file, H -number, q or ^D, R, |dbcmd, ||dbcmd, command, m expr, M, man +[manpage] -=item Standard Modules +=item Configurable Options -AnyDBM_File, Attribute::Handlers, AutoLoader, AutoSplit, B, B::Asmdata, -B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Concise, B::Debug, -B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex, B::Stackobj, B::Stash, -B::Terse, B::Xref, Benchmark, ByteLoader, CGI, CGI::Apache, CGI::Carp, -CGI::Cookie, CGI::Fast, CGI::Pretty, CGI::Push, CGI::Switch, CGI::Util, -CPAN, CPAN::FirstTime, CPAN::Nox, Carp, Carp::Heavy, Class::ISA, -Class::Struct, Cwd, DB, DB_File, Devel::SelfStubber, Digest, DirHandle, -Dumpvalue, Encode, Encode::EncodeFormat, Encode::Tcl, English, Env, -Exporter, Exporter::Heavy, ExtUtils::Command, ExtUtils::Constant, -ExtUtils::Embed, ExtUtils::Install, ExtUtils::Installed, ExtUtils::Liblist, -ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin, ExtUtils::MM_NW5, ExtUtils::MM_OS2, ExtUtils::MM_Unix, -ExtUtils::MM_VMS, ExtUtils::MM_Win32, ExtUtils::MakeMaker, -ExtUtils::Manifest, ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap, ExtUtils::Mksymlists, -ExtUtils::Packlist, ExtUtils::testlib, Fatal, Fcntl, File::Basename, -File::CheckTree, File::Compare, File::Copy, File::DosGlob, File::Find, -File::Path, File::Spec, File::Spec::Epoc, File::Spec::Functions, -File::Spec::Mac, File::Spec::OS2, File::Spec::Unix, File::Spec::VMS, -File::Spec::Win32, File::Temp, File::stat, FileCache, FileHandle, -Filter::Simple, FindBin, Getopt::Long, Getopt::Std, I18N::Collate, -I18N::LangTags, I18N::LangTags::List, IO, IPC::Open2, IPC::Open3, -Lingua::KO::Hangul::Util, Locale::Constants, Locale::Country, -Locale::Currency, Locale::Language, Locale::Maketext, -Locale::Maketext::TPJ13, Math::BigFloat, Math::BigInt, Math::BigInt::Calc, -Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Memoize, Memoize::AnyDBM_File, Memoize::Expire, -Memoize::ExpireFile, Memoize::ExpireTest, Memoize::NDBM_File, -Memoize::SDBM_File, Memoize::Saves, Memoize::Storable, NDBM_File, NEXT, -Net::Cmd, Net::Config, Net::Domain, Net::FTP, Net::NNTP, Net::Netrc, -Net::POP3, Net::Ping, Net::SMTP, Net::Time, Net::hostent, Net::libnetFAQ, -Net::netent, Net::protoent, Net::servent, O, ODBM_File, Opcode, POSIX, -PerlIO, Pod::Checker, Pod::Find, Pod::Html, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::LaTeX, -Pod::Man, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Parser, Pod::Plainer, Pod::Select, -Pod::Text, Pod::Text::Color, Pod::Text::Overstrike, Pod::Text::Termcap, -Pod::Usage, SDBM_File, Safe, Search::Dict, SelectSaver, SelfLoader, Shell, -Socket, Storable, Switch, Symbol, Term::ANSIColor, Term::Cap, -Term::Complete, Term::ReadLine, Test, Test::Harness, Test::More, -Test::Simple, Test::Tutorial, Text::Abbrev, Text::Balanced, -Text::ParseWords, Text::Soundex, Text::Tabs, Text::Wrap, Tie::Array, -Tie::Handle, Tie::Hash, Tie::RefHash, Tie::Scalar, Tie::SubstrHash, -Time::Local, Time::gmtime, Time::localtime, Time::tm, UNIVERSAL, -Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Normalize, Unicode::UCD, User::grent, -User::pwent, Win32 +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C -=item Extension Modules +=item Debugger input/output -=back +Prompt, Multiline commands, Stack backtrace, Line Listing Format, Frame +listing -=item CPAN +=item Debugging compile-time statements -=over 4 +=item Debugger Customization -=item Africa +=item Readline Support -=item Asia +=item Editor Support for Debugging -=item Central America +=item The Perl Profiler -=item Europe +=back -=item North America +=item Debugging regular expressions -=item Oceania +=item Debugging memory usage -=item South America +=item SEE ALSO + +=item BUGS =back -=item Modules: Creation, Use, and Abuse +=head2 perlvar - Perl predefined variables =over 4 -=item Guidelines for Module Creation +=item DESCRIPTION -Adding a Copyright Notice +=over 4 -=item Guidelines for Converting Perl 4 Library Scripts into Modules +=item Predefined Names -=item Guidelines for Reusing Application Code +$ARG, $_, $a, $b, $>, $MATCH, $&, $PREMATCH, $`, $POSTMATCH, $', +$LAST_PAREN_MATCH, $+, $^N, @LAST_MATCH_END, @+, +HANDLE->input_line_number(EXPR), $INPUT_LINE_NUMBER, $NR, $, +IO::Handle->input_record_separator(EXPR), $INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $RS, $/, +HANDLE->autoflush(EXPR), $OUTPUT_AUTOFLUSH, $|, +IO::Handle->output_field_separator EXPR, $OUTPUT_FIELD_SEPARATOR, $OFS, $,, +IO::Handle->output_record_separator EXPR, $OUTPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $ORS, +$\, $LIST_SEPARATOR, $", $SUBSCRIPT_SEPARATOR, $SUBSEP, $;, $#, +HANDLE->format_page_number(EXPR), $FORMAT_PAGE_NUMBER, $%, +HANDLE->format_lines_per_page(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_PER_PAGE, $=, +HANDLE->format_lines_left(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_LEFT, $-, @LAST_MATCH_START, +@-, C<$`> is the same as C, C<$&> is the same as +C, C<$'> is the same as C, C<$1> is the same as C, C<$2> +is the same as C, C<$3> is the same as +C, HANDLE->format_name(EXPR), +$FORMAT_NAME, $~, HANDLE->format_top_name(EXPR), $FORMAT_TOP_NAME, $^, +IO::Handle->format_line_break_characters EXPR, +$FORMAT_LINE_BREAK_CHARACTERS, $:, IO::Handle->format_formfeed EXPR, +$FORMAT_FORMFEED, $^L, $ACCUMULATOR, $^A, $CHILD_ERROR, $?, ${^ENCODING}, +$OS_ERROR, $ERRNO, $!, %!, $EXTENDED_OS_ERROR, $^E, $EVAL_ERROR, $@, +$PROCESS_ID, $PID, $$, $REAL_USER_ID, $UID, $<, $EFFECTIVE_USER_ID, $EUID, +$>, $REAL_GROUP_ID, $GID, $(, $EFFECTIVE_GROUP_ID, $EGID, $), +$PROGRAM_NAME, $0, $[, $], $COMPILING, $^C, $DEBUGGING, $^D, +$SYSTEM_FD_MAX, $^F, $^H, %^H, $INPLACE_EDIT, $^I, $^M, $OSNAME, $^O, +${^OPEN}, $PERLDB, $^P, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80, +0x100, 0x200, 0x400, $LAST_REGEXP_CODE_RESULT, $^R, +$EXCEPTIONS_BEING_CAUGHT, $^S, $BASETIME, $^T, ${^TAINT}, ${^UNICODE}, +$PERL_VERSION, $^V, $WARNING, $^W, ${^WARNING_BITS}, $EXECUTABLE_NAME, $^X, +ARGV, $ARGV, @ARGV, ARGVOUT, @F, @INC, @_, %INC, %ENV, $ENV{expr}, %SIG, +$SIG{expr} + +=item Error Indicators + +=item Technical Note on the Syntax of Variable Names =back -=item NOTE +=item BUGS =back -=head2 perlmodstyle - Perl module style guide +=head2 perlre - Perl regular expressions =over 4 -=item INTRODUCTION +=item DESCRIPTION -=item QUICK CHECKLIST +i, m, s, x =over 4 -=item Before you start +=item Regular Expressions -=item The API +[1], [2], [3], cntrl, graph, print, punct, xdigit -=item Stability +=item Extended Patterns -=item Documentation +C<(?#text)>, C<(?imsx-imsx)>, C<(?:pattern)>, C<(?imsx-imsx:pattern)>, +C<(?=pattern)>, C<(?!pattern)>, C<(?<=pattern)>, C<(?, C<(?{ +code })>, C<(??{ code })>, C<< (?>pattern) >>, +C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)>, C<(?(condition)yes-pattern)> -=item Release considerations +=item Backtracking -=back +=item Version 8 Regular Expressions -=item BEFORE YOU START WRITING A MODULE +=item Warning on \1 vs $1 -=over 4 +=item Repeated patterns matching zero-length substring -=item Has it been done before? +=item Combining pieces together -=item Do one thing and do it well +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C<< (?>S) >>, C<(?=S)>, C<(?<=S)>, +C<(?!S)>, C<(?, C<(??{ EXPR })>, +C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)> -=item What's in a name? +=item Creating custom RE engines =back -=item DESIGNING AND WRITING YOUR MODULE +=item BUGS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 perlreref - Perl Regular Expressions Reference =over 4 -=item To OO or not to OO? +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Designing your API +=over 4 -Write simple routines to do simple things, Separate functionality from -output, Provide sensible shortcuts and defaults, Naming conventions, -Parameter passing +=item OPERATORS -=item Strictness and warnings +=item SYNTAX -=item Backwards compatibility +=item ESCAPE SEQUENCES -=item Error handling and messages +=item CHARACTER CLASSES -=back +=item ANCHORS -=item DOCUMENTING YOUR MODULE +=item QUANTIFIERS -=over 4 +=item EXTENDED CONSTRUCTS -=item POD +=item VARIABLES -=item README, INSTALL, release notes, changelogs +=item FUNCTIONS + +=item TERMINOLOGY =back -=item RELEASE CONSIDERATIONS +=item AUTHOR -=over 4 +=item SEE ALSO -=item Version numbering +=item THANKS -=item Pre-requisites - -=item Testing +=back -=item Packaging +=head2 perlref - Perl references and nested data structures -=item Licensing +=over 4 -=back +=item NOTE -=item COMMON PITFALLS +=item DESCRIPTION =over 4 -=item Reinventing the wheel +=item Making References -=item Trying to do too much +=item Using References -=item Inappropriate documentation +=item Symbolic references -=back +=item Not-so-symbolic references -=item SEE ALSO +=item Pseudo-hashes: Using an array as a hash -L, L, L, L, Testing tools, -http://pause.perl.org/, Any good book on software engineering +=item Function Templates -=item AUTHOR +=back + +=item WARNING + +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 perlnewmod - preparing a new module for distribution +=head2 perlform - Perl formats =over 4 @@ -2548,805 +2558,809 @@ http://pause.perl.org/, Any good book on software engineering =over 4 -=item Warning - -=item What should I make into a module? +=item Text Fields -=item Step-by-step: Preparing the ground +=item Numeric Fields -Look around, Check it's new, Discuss the need, Choose a name, Check again +=item The Field @* for Variable Width Multi-Line Text -=item Step-by-step: Making the module +=item The Field ^* for Variable Width One-line-at-a-time Text -Start with F, Use L and L, Use -L, Use L - wisely!, Use L, Write tests, Write the README +=item Specifying Values -=item Step-by-step: Distributing your module +=item Using Fill Mode -Get a CPAN user ID, C, Upload the -tarball, Announce to the modules list, Announce to clpa, Fix bugs! +=item Suppressing Lines Where All Fields Are Void -=back +=item Repeating Format Lines -=item AUTHOR +=item Top of Form Processing -=item SEE ALSO +=item Format Variables =back -=head2 perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl ($Revision: 1.1 $, $Date: -2001/09/20 03:03:00 $) +=item NOTES =over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Footers -=over 4 +=item Accessing Formatting Internals -=item What is Perl? +=back -=item Who supports Perl? Who develops it? Why is it free? +=item WARNINGS -=item Which version of Perl should I use? +=back -=item What are perl4 and perl5? +=head2 perlobj - Perl objects -=item What is perl6? +=over 4 -=item How stable is Perl? +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Is Perl difficult to learn? +=over 4 -=item How does Perl compare with other languages like Java, Python, REXX, -Scheme, or Tcl? +=item An Object is Simply a Reference -=item Can I do [task] in Perl? +=item A Class is Simply a Package -=item When shouldn't I program in Perl? +=item A Method is Simply a Subroutine -=item What's the difference between "perl" and "Perl"? +=item Method Invocation -=item Is it a Perl program or a Perl script? +=item Indirect Object Syntax -=item What is a JAPH? +=item Default UNIVERSAL methods -=item Where can I get a list of Larry Wall witticisms? +isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] ) -=item How can I convince my sysadmin/supervisor/employees to use version -5/5.005/Perl instead of some other language? +=item Destructors + +=item Summary + +=item Two-Phased Garbage Collection =back -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl ($Revision: 1.2 $, -$Date: 2001/10/16 13:27:22 $) +=head2 perltie - how to hide an object class in a simple variable =over 4 +=item SYNOPSIS + =item DESCRIPTION =over 4 -=item What machines support Perl? Where do I get it? +=item Tying Scalars -=item How can I get a binary version of Perl? +TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, UNTIE this, +DESTROY this -=item I don't have a C compiler on my system. How can I compile perl? +=item Tying Arrays -=item I copied the Perl binary from one machine to another, but scripts -don't work. +TIEARRAY classname, LIST, FETCH this, index, STORE this, index, value, +FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE this, count, EXTEND this, count, EXISTS this, +key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, PUSH this, LIST, POP this, SHIFT this, +UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST, UNTIE this, DESTROY +this -=item I grabbed the sources and tried to compile but gdbm/dynamic -loading/malloc/linking/... failed. How do I make it work? +=item Tying Hashes -=item What modules and extensions are available for Perl? What is CPAN? -What does CPAN/src/... mean? +USER, HOME, CLOBBER, LIST, TIEHASH classname, LIST, FETCH this, key, STORE +this, key, value, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, EXISTS this, key, FIRSTKEY +this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, SCALAR this, UNTIE this, DESTROY this -=item Is there an ISO or ANSI certified version of Perl? +=item Tying FileHandles -=item Where can I get information on Perl? +TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this, +LIST, READ this, LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, UNTIE this, +DESTROY this -=item What are the Perl newsgroups on Usenet? Where do I post questions? +=item UNTIE this -=item Where should I post source code? +=item The C Gotcha -=item Perl Books +=back -References, Tutorials, Task-Oriented, Special Topics +=item SEE ALSO -=item Perl in Magazines +=item BUGS -=item Perl on the Net: FTP and WWW Access +=item AUTHOR -=item What mailing lists are there for Perl? +=back -=item Archives of comp.lang.perl.misc +=head2 perldbmfilter - Perl DBM Filters -=item Where can I buy a commercial version of Perl? +=over 4 -=item Where do I send bug reports? +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +B, B, B, +B + +=over 4 + +=item The Filter + +=item An Example -- the NULL termination problem. -=item What is perl.com? Perl Mongers? pm.org? perl.org? +=item Another Example -- Key is a C int. =back -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 perlfaq3 - Programming Tools ($Revision: 1.8 $, $Date: 2001/10/17 -14:14:20 $) +=head2 perlipc - Perl interprocess communication (signals, fifos, pipes, +safe subprocesses, sockets, and semaphores) =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION +=item Signals + =over 4 -=item How do I do (anything)? +=item Handling the SIGHUP Signal in Daemons -=item How can I use Perl interactively? +=back -=item Is there a Perl shell? +=item Named Pipes -=item How do I debug my Perl programs? +=over 4 -=item How do I profile my Perl programs? +=item Deferred Signals (Safe Signals) -=item How do I cross-reference my Perl programs? +Long running opcodes, Interrupting IO, Restartable system calls, Signals as +"faults", Signals triggered by operating system state -=item Is there a pretty-printer (formatter) for Perl? +=back -=item Is there a ctags for Perl? +=item Using open() for IPC -=item Is there an IDE or Windows Perl Editor? +=over 4 -Komodo, The Object System, Open Perl IDE, PerlBuilder, visiPerl+, -CodeMagicCD, GNU Emacs, MicroEMACS, XEmacs, Elvis, Vile, Vim, Codewright, -MultiEdit, SlickEdit, Bash, Ksh, Tcsh, Zsh, BBEdit and BBEdit Lite, Alpha +=item Filehandles -=item Where can I get Perl macros for vi? +=item Background Processes -=item Where can I get perl-mode for emacs? +=item Complete Dissociation of Child from Parent -=item How can I use curses with Perl? +=item Safe Pipe Opens -=item How can I use X or Tk with Perl? +=item Bidirectional Communication with Another Process -=item How can I generate simple menus without using CGI or Tk? +=item Bidirectional Communication with Yourself -=item What is undump? +=back -=item How can I make my Perl program run faster? +=item Sockets: Client/Server Communication -=item How can I make my Perl program take less memory? +=over 4 -Don't slurp!, Use map and grep selectively, Avoid unnecessary quotes and -stringification, Pass by reference, Tie large variables to disk +=item Internet Line Terminators -=item Is it unsafe to return a pointer to local data? +=item Internet TCP Clients and Servers -=item How can I free an array or hash so my program shrinks? +=item Unix-Domain TCP Clients and Servers -=item How can I make my CGI script more efficient? +=back -=item How can I hide the source for my Perl program? +=item TCP Clients with IO::Socket -=item How can I compile my Perl program into byte code or C? +=over 4 -=item How can I compile Perl into Java? +=item A Simple Client -=item How can I get C<#!perl> to work on [MS-DOS,NT,...]? +C, C, C -=item Can I write useful Perl programs on the command line? +=item A Webget Client -=item Why don't Perl one-liners work on my DOS/Mac/VMS system? +=item Interactive Client with IO::Socket -=item Where can I learn about CGI or Web programming in Perl? +=back -=item Where can I learn about linking C with Perl? [h2xs, xsubpp] +=item TCP Servers with IO::Socket -=item I've read perlembed, perlguts, etc., but I can't embed perl in -my C program; what am I doing wrong? +Proto, LocalPort, Listen, Reuse -=item When I tried to run my script, I got this message. What does it -mean? +=item UDP: Message Passing -=item What's MakeMaker? +=item SysV IPC -=back +=item NOTES -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item BUGS + +=item AUTHOR + +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 perlfaq4 - Data Manipulation ($Revision: 1.7 $, $Date: 2001/10/26 -19:46:03 $) +=head2 perlfork - Perl's fork() emulation =over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Data: Numbers +=item DESCRIPTION =over 4 -=item Why am I getting long decimals (eg, 19.9499999999999) instead of the -numbers I should be getting (eg, 19.95)? +=item Behavior of other Perl features in forked pseudo-processes -=item Why isn't my octal data interpreted correctly? +$$ or $PROCESS_ID, %ENV, chdir() and all other builtins that accept +filenames, wait() and waitpid(), kill(), exec(), exit(), Open handles to +files, directories and network sockets -=item Does Perl have a round() function? What about ceil() and floor()? -Trig functions? +=item Resource limits + +=item Killing the parent process -=item How do I convert between numeric representations: +=item Lifetime of the parent process and pseudo-processes -B, B, B, B, B, B +=item CAVEATS AND LIMITATIONS -=item Why doesn't & work the way I want it to? +BEGIN blocks, Open filehandles, Forking pipe open() not yet implemented, +Global state maintained by XSUBs, Interpreter embedded in larger +application, Thread-safety of extensions -=item How do I multiply matrices? +=back -=item How do I perform an operation on a series of integers? +=item BUGS -=item How can I output Roman numerals? +=item AUTHOR -=item Why aren't my random numbers random? +=item SEE ALSO =back -=item Data: Dates +=head2 perlnumber - semantics of numbers and numeric operations in Perl =over 4 -=item How do I find the week-of-the-year/day-of-the-year? +=item SYNOPSIS -=item How do I find the current century or millennium? +=item DESCRIPTION -=item How can I compare two dates and find the difference? +=item Storing numbers -=item How can I take a string and turn it into epoch seconds? +=item Numeric operators and numeric conversions -=item How can I find the Julian Day? +=item Flavors of Perl numeric operations -=item How do I find yesterday's date? +Arithmetic operators, ++, Arithmetic operators during C, Other +mathematical operators, Bitwise operators, Bitwise operators during C, Operators which expect an integer, Operators which expect a +string -=item Does Perl have a Year 2000 problem? Is Perl Y2K compliant? +=item AUTHOR + +=item SEE ALSO =back -=item Data: Strings +=head2 perlthrtut - tutorial on threads in Perl =over 4 -=item How do I validate input? - -=item How do I unescape a string? - -=item How do I remove consecutive pairs of characters? - -=item How do I expand function calls in a string? +=item DESCRIPTION -=item How do I find matching/nesting anything? +=item Status -=item How do I reverse a string? +=item What Is A Thread Anyway? -=item How do I expand tabs in a string? +=item Threaded Program Models -=item How do I reformat a paragraph? +=over 4 -=item How can I access/change the first N letters of a string? +=item Boss/Worker -=item How do I change the Nth occurrence of something? +=item Work Crew -=item How can I count the number of occurrences of a substring within a -string? +=item Pipeline -=item How do I capitalize all the words on one line? +=back -=item How can I split a [character] delimited string except when inside -[character]? (Comma-separated files) +=item What kind of threads are Perl threads? -=item How do I strip blank space from the beginning/end of a string? +=item Thread-Safe Modules -=item How do I pad a string with blanks or pad a number with zeroes? +=item Thread Basics -=item How do I extract selected columns from a string? +=over 4 -=item How do I find the soundex value of a string? +=item Basic Thread Support -=item How can I expand variables in text strings? +=item A Note about the Examples -=item What's wrong with always quoting "$vars"? +=item Creating Threads -=item Why don't my <? +=back -=item Is there a leak/bug in glob()? +=item Threads And Code -=item How can I open a file with a leading ">" or trailing blanks? +=over 4 -=item How can I reliably rename a file? +=item Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access -=item How can I lock a file? +Basic semaphores, Advanced Semaphores -=item Why can't I just open(FH, ">file.lock")? +=item Attributes: Restricting Access To Subroutines -=item I still don't get locking. I just want to increment the number in -the file. How can I do this? +=item Subroutine Locks -=item All I want to do is append a small amount of text to the end of a -file. Do I still have to use locking? +=item Methods -=item How do I randomly update a binary file? +=item Locking A Subroutine -=item How do I get a file's timestamp in perl? +=back -=item How do I set a file's timestamp in perl? +=item General Thread Utility Routines -=item How do I print to more than one file at once? +=over 4 -=item How can I read in an entire file all at once? +=item What Thread Am I In? -=item How can I read in a file by paragraphs? +=item Thread IDs -=item How can I read a single character from a file? From the keyboard? +=item Are These Threads The Same? -=item How can I tell whether there's a character waiting on a filehandle? +=item What Threads Are Running? -=item How do I do a C in perl? +=back -=item How do I dup() a filehandle in Perl? +=item A Complete Example -=item How do I close a file descriptor by number? +=item Conclusion -=item Why can't I use "C:\temp\foo" in DOS paths? What doesn't -`C:\temp\foo.exe` work? +=item Bibliography -=item Why doesn't glob("*.*") get all the files? +=over 4 -=item Why does Perl let me delete read-only files? Why does C<-i> clobber -protected files? Isn't this a bug in Perl? +=item Introductory Texts -=item How do I select a random line from a file? +=item OS-Related References -=item Why do I get weird spaces when I print an array of lines? +=item Other References =back -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item Acknowledgements + +=item AUTHOR + +=item Copyrights =back -=head2 perlfaq6 - Regexes ($Revision: 1.3 $, $Date: 2001/10/16 13:27:22 $) +=head2 perlport - Writing portable Perl =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over 4 +Not all Perl programs have to be portable, Nearly all of Perl already I +portable -=item How can I hope to use regular expressions without creating illegible -and unmaintainable code? +=item ISSUES -Comments Outside the Regex, Comments Inside the Regex, Different Delimiters +=over 4 -=item I'm having trouble matching over more than one line. What's wrong? +=item Newlines -=item How can I pull out lines between two patterns that are themselves on -different lines? +=item Numbers endianness and Width -=item I put a regular expression into $/ but it didn't work. What's wrong? +=item Files and Filesystems -=item How do I substitute case insensitively on the LHS while preserving -case on the RHS? +=item System Interaction -=item How can I make C<\w> match national character sets? +=item Command names versus file pathnames -=item How can I match a locale-smart version of C? +=item Networking -=item How can I quote a variable to use in a regex? +=item Interprocess Communication (IPC) -=item What is C really for? - -=item How do I use a regular expression to strip C style comments from a -file? - -=item Can I use Perl regular expressions to match balanced text? - -=item What does it mean that regexes are greedy? How can I get around it? - -=item How do I process each word on each line? - -=item How can I print out a word-frequency or line-frequency summary? - -=item How can I do approximate matching? - -=item How do I efficiently match many regular expressions at once? - -=item Why don't word-boundary searches with C<\b> work for me? - -=item Why does using $&, $`, or $' slow my program down? +=item External Subroutines (XS) -=item What good is C<\G> in a regular expression? +=item Standard Modules -=item Are Perl regexes DFAs or NFAs? Are they POSIX compliant? +=item Time and Date -=item What's wrong with using grep or map in a void context? +=item Character sets and character encoding -=item How can I match strings with multibyte characters? +=item Internationalisation -=item How do I match a pattern that is supplied by the user? +=item System Resources -=back +=item Security -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item Style =back -=head2 perlfaq7 - Perl Language Issues ($Revision: 1.3 $, $Date: 2001/10/19 -14:39:24 $) +=item CPAN Testers -=over 4 +Mailing list: cpan-testers@perl.org, Testing results: +http://testers.cpan.org/ -=item DESCRIPTION +=item PLATFORMS =over 4 -=item Can I get a BNF/yacc/RE for the Perl language? +=item Unix -=item What are all these $@%&* punctuation signs, and how do I know when to -use them? +=item DOS and Derivatives -=item Do I always/never have to quote my strings or use semicolons and -commas? +=item S -=item How do I skip some return values? +=item VMS -=item How do I temporarily block warnings? +=item VOS -=item What's an extension? +=item EBCDIC Platforms -=item Why do Perl operators have different precedence than C operators? +=item Acorn RISC OS -=item How do I declare/create a structure? +=item Other perls -=item How do I create a module? +=back -=item How do I create a class? +=item FUNCTION IMPLEMENTATIONS -=item How can I tell if a variable is tainted? +=over 4 -=item What's a closure? +=item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions -=item What is variable suicide and how can I prevent it? +-I FILEHANDLE, -I EXPR, -I, binmode FILEHANDLE, chmod LIST, chown +LIST, chroot FILENAME, chroot, crypt PLAINTEXT,SALT, dbmclose HASH, dbmopen +HASH,DBNAME,MODE, dump LABEL, exec LIST, exit EXPR, exit, fcntl +FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, fork, getlogin, +getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority WHICH,WHO, getpwnam NAME, getgrnam NAME, +getnetbyname NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, +getprotobynumber NUMBER, getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent, +gethostbyname, gethostent, getnetent, getprotoent, getservent, sethostent +STAYOPEN, setnetent STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent STAYOPEN, +endpwent, endgrent, endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, +getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob, ioctl +FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, kill SIGNAL, LIST, link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, lstat +FILEHANDLE, lstat EXPR, lstat, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS, msgsnd +ID,MSG,FLAGS, msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open +FILEHANDLE, pipe READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, readlink EXPR, readlink, select +RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget +KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, setgrent, setpgrp PID,PGRP, +setpriority WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setpwent, setsockopt +SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, +shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE, shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, sockatmark SOCKET, +socketpair SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, stat FILEHANDLE, stat +EXPR, stat, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen +FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, system LIST, times, truncate +FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, umask EXPR, umask, utime LIST, +wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS -=item How can I pass/return a {Function, FileHandle, Array, Hash, Method, -Regex}? +=back -Passing Variables and Functions, Passing Filehandles, Passing Regexes, -Passing Methods +=item CHANGES -=item How do I create a static variable? +v1.49, 12 August 2002, v1.48, 02 February 2001, v1.47, 22 March 2000, +v1.46, 12 February 2000, v1.45, 20 December 1999, v1.44, 19 July 1999, +v1.43, 24 May 1999, v1.42, 22 May 1999, v1.41, 19 May 1999, v1.40, 11 April +1999, v1.39, 11 February 1999, v1.38, 31 December 1998, v1.37, 19 December +1998, v1.36, 9 September 1998, v1.35, 13 August 1998, v1.33, 06 August +1998, v1.32, 05 August 1998, v1.30, 03 August 1998, v1.23, 10 July 1998 -=item What's the difference between dynamic and lexical (static) scoping? -Between local() and my()? +=item Supported Platforms -=item How can I access a dynamic variable while a similarly named lexical -is in scope? +=item SEE ALSO -=item What's the difference between deep and shallow binding? +=item AUTHORS / CONTRIBUTORS -=item Why doesn't "my($foo) = ;" work right? +=back -=item How do I redefine a builtin function, operator, or method? +=head2 perllocale - Perl locale handling (internationalization and +localization) -=item What's the difference between calling a function as &foo and foo()? +=over 4 -=item How do I create a switch or case statement? +=item DESCRIPTION -=item How can I catch accesses to undefined variables/functions/methods? +=item PREPARING TO USE LOCALES -=item Why can't a method included in this same file be found? +=item USING LOCALES -=item How can I find out my current package? +=over 4 -=item How can I comment out a large block of perl code? +=item The use locale pragma -=item How do I clear a package? +=item The setlocale function -=item How can I use a variable as a variable name? +=item Finding locales -=back +=item LOCALE PROBLEMS -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item Temporarily fixing locale problems -=back +=item Permanently fixing locale problems -=head2 perlfaq8 - System Interaction ($Revision: 1.2 $, $Date: 2001/10/16 -13:27:22 $) +=item Permanently fixing your system's locale configuration -=over 4 +=item Fixing system locale configuration -=item DESCRIPTION +=item The localeconv function -=over 4 +=item I18N::Langinfo -=item How do I find out which operating system I'm running under? +=back -=item How come exec() doesn't return? +=item LOCALE CATEGORIES -=item How do I do fancy stuff with the keyboard/screen/mouse? +=over 4 -Keyboard, Screen, Mouse +=item Category LC_COLLATE: Collation -=item How do I print something out in color? +=item Category LC_CTYPE: Character Types -=item How do I read just one key without waiting for a return key? +=item Category LC_NUMERIC: Numeric Formatting -=item How do I check whether input is ready on the keyboard? +=item Category LC_MONETARY: Formatting of monetary amounts -=item How do I clear the screen? +=item LC_TIME -=item How do I get the screen size? +=item Other categories -=item How do I ask the user for a password? +=back -=item How do I read and write the serial port? +=item SECURITY -lockfiles, open mode, end of line, flushing output, non-blocking input +=item ENVIRONMENT -=item How do I decode encrypted password files? +PERL_BADLANG, LC_ALL, LANGUAGE, LC_CTYPE, LC_COLLATE, LC_MONETARY, +LC_NUMERIC, LC_TIME, LANG -=item How do I start a process in the background? +=item NOTES -STDIN, STDOUT, and STDERR are shared, Signals, Zombies +=over 4 -=item How do I trap control characters/signals? +=item Backward compatibility -=item How do I modify the shadow password file on a Unix system? +=item I18N:Collate obsolete -=item How do I set the time and date? +=item Sort speed and memory use impacts -=item How can I sleep() or alarm() for under a second? +=item write() and LC_NUMERIC -=item How can I measure time under a second? +=item Freely available locale definitions -=item How can I do an atexit() or setjmp()/longjmp()? (Exception handling) +=item I18n and l10n -=item Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)? What -does the error message "Protocol not supported" mean? +=item An imperfect standard -=item How can I call my system's unique C functions from Perl? +=back -=item Where do I get the include files to do ioctl() or syscall()? +=item Unicode and UTF-8 -=item Why do setuid perl scripts complain about kernel problems? +=item BUGS -=item How can I open a pipe both to and from a command? +=over 4 -=item Why can't I get the output of a command with system()? +=item Broken systems -=item How can I capture STDERR from an external command? +=back -=item Why doesn't open() return an error when a pipe open fails? +=item SEE ALSO -=item What's wrong with using backticks in a void context? +=item HISTORY -=item How can I call backticks without shell processing? +=back -=item Why can't my script read from STDIN after I gave it EOF (^D on Unix, -^Z on MS-DOS)? +=head2 perluniintro - Perl Unicode introduction -=item How can I convert my shell script to perl? +=over 4 -=item Can I use perl to run a telnet or ftp session? +=item DESCRIPTION -=item How can I write expect in Perl? +=over 4 -=item Is there a way to hide perl's command line from programs such as -"ps"? +=item Unicode -=item I {changed directory, modified my environment} in a perl script. How -come the change disappeared when I exited the script? How do I get my -changes to be visible? +=item Perl's Unicode Support -Unix +=item Perl's Unicode Model -=item How do I close a process's filehandle without waiting for it to -complete? +=item Unicode and EBCDIC -=item How do I fork a daemon process? +=item Creating Unicode -=item How do I find out if I'm running interactively or not? +=item Handling Unicode -=item How do I timeout a slow event? +=item Legacy Encodings -=item How do I set CPU limits? +=item Unicode I/O -=item How do I avoid zombies on a Unix system? +=item Displaying Unicode As Text -=item How do I use an SQL database? +=item Special Cases -=item How do I make a system() exit on control-C? +=item Advanced Topics -=item How do I open a file without blocking? +=item Miscellaneous -=item How do I install a module from CPAN? +=item Questions With Answers -=item What's the difference between require and use? +=item Hexadecimal Notation -=item How do I keep my own module/library directory? +=item Further Resources -=item How do I add the directory my program lives in to the module/library -search path? +=back -=item How do I add a directory to my include path at runtime? +=item UNICODE IN OLDER PERLS -=item What is socket.ph and where do I get it? +=item SEE ALSO -=back +=item ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item AUTHOR, COPYRIGHT, AND LICENSE =back -=head2 perlfaq9 - Networking ($Revision: 1.3 $, $Date: 2001/10/16 13:27:22 -$) +=head2 perlunicode - Unicode support in Perl =over 4 @@ -3354,211 +3368,211 @@ $) =over 4 -=item What is the correct form of response from a CGI script? +=item Important Caveats -=item My CGI script runs from the command line but not the browser. (500 -Server Error) +Input and Output Layers, Regular Expressions, C still needed to +enable UTF-8/UTF-EBCDIC in scripts, BOM-marked scripts and UTF-16 scripts +autodetected, C needed to upgrade non-Latin-1 byte strings -=item How can I get better error messages from a CGI program? +=item Byte and Character Semantics -=item How do I remove HTML from a string? +=item Effects of Character Semantics -=item How do I extract URLs? +=item Scripts -=item How do I download a file from the user's machine? How do I open a -file on another machine? +=item Blocks -=item How do I make a pop-up menu in HTML? +=item User-Defined Character Properties -=item How do I fetch an HTML file? +=item Character Encodings for Input and Output -=item How do I automate an HTML form submission? +=item Unicode Regular Expression Support Level -=item How do I decode or create those %-encodings on the web? +=item Unicode Encodings -=item How do I redirect to another page? +=item Security Implications of Unicode -=item How do I put a password on my web pages? +=item Unicode in Perl on EBCDIC -=item How do I edit my .htpasswd and .htgroup files with Perl? +=item Locales -=item How do I make sure users can't enter values into a form that cause my -CGI script to do bad things? +=item When Unicode Does Not Happen -=item How do I parse a mail header? +=item Forcing Unicode in Perl (Or Unforcing Unicode in Perl) -=item How do I decode a CGI form? +=item Using Unicode in XS -=item How do I check a valid mail address? +=back -=item How do I decode a MIME/BASE64 string? +=item BUGS -=item How do I return the user's mail address? +=over 4 -=item How do I send mail? +=item Interaction with Locales -=item How do I use MIME to make an attachment to a mail message? +=item Interaction with Extensions -=item How do I read mail? +=item Speed -=item How do I find out my hostname/domainname/IP address? - -=item How do I fetch a news article or the active newsgroups? - -=item How do I fetch/put an FTP file? - -=item How can I do RPC in Perl? +=item Porting code from perl-5.6.X =back -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 perlcompile - Introduction to the Perl Compiler-Translator +=head2 perlebcdic - Considerations for running Perl on EBCDIC platforms =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over 4 +=item COMMON CHARACTER CODE SETS -=item Layout +=over 4 -B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Lint, B::Deparse, B::Xref +=item ASCII -=back +=item ISO 8859 -=item Using The Back Ends +=item Latin 1 (ISO 8859-1) -=over 4 +=item EBCDIC -=item The Cross Referencing Back End +=item 13 variant characters -i, &, s, r +=item 0037 -=item The Decompiling Back End +=item 1047 -=item The Lint Back End +=item POSIX-BC -=item The Simple C Back End +=item Unicode code points versus EBCDIC code points -=item The Bytecode Back End +=item Remaining Perl Unicode problems in EBCDIC -=item The Optimized C Back End +=item Unicode and UTF -B, O, B::Asmdata, B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, -B::Debug, B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex, B::Stackobj, -B::Stash, B::Terse, B::Xref +=item Using Encode =back -=item KNOWN PROBLEMS +=item SINGLE OCTET TABLES -=item AUTHOR +recipe 0, recipe 1, recipe 2, recipe 3, recipe 4, recipe 5, recipe 6 -=back +=item IDENTIFYING CHARACTER CODE SETS -=head2 perlembed - how to embed perl in your C program +=item CONVERSIONS =over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item tr/// -=over 4 +=item iconv -=item PREAMBLE +=item C RTL -B, B, B, B, B +=back -=item ROADMAP +=item OPERATOR DIFFERENCES -=item Compiling your C program +=item FUNCTION DIFFERENCES -=item Adding a Perl interpreter to your C program +chr(), ord(), pack(), print(), printf(), sort(), sprintf(), unpack() -=item Calling a Perl subroutine from your C program +=item REGULAR EXPRESSION DIFFERENCES -=item Evaluating a Perl statement from your C program +=item SOCKETS -=item Performing Perl pattern matches and substitutions from your C program +=item SORTING -=item Fiddling with the Perl stack from your C program +=over 4 -=item Maintaining a persistent interpreter +=item Ignore ASCII vs. EBCDIC sort differences. -=item Execution of END blocks +=item MONO CASE then sort data. -=item Maintaining multiple interpreter instances +=item Convert, sort data, then re convert. -=item Using Perl modules, which themselves use C libraries, from your C -program +=item Perform sorting on one type of machine only. =back -=item Embedding Perl under Win32 +=item TRANSFORMATION FORMATS -=item MORAL +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR +=item URL decoding and encoding -=item COPYRIGHT +=item uu encoding and decoding + +=item Quoted-Printable encoding and decoding + +=item Caesarian ciphers =back -=head2 perldebguts - Guts of Perl debugging +=item Hashing order and checksums -=over 4 +=item I18N AND L10N -=item DESCRIPTION +=item MULTI OCTET CHARACTER SETS -=item Debugger Internals +=item OS ISSUES =over 4 -=item Writing Your Own Debugger +=item OS/400 -=back +PASE, IFS access -=item Frame Listing Output Examples +=item OS/390, z/OS -=item Debugging regular expressions +chcp, dataset access, OS/390, z/OS iconv, locales -=over 4 +=item VM/ESA? -=item Compile-time output +=item POSIX-BC? -C I C I, C I C -I, C, C, C -I, C, C, C, C, C, C, -C +=back -=item Types of nodes +=item BUGS -=item Run-time output +=item SEE ALSO + +=item REFERENCES + +=item HISTORY + +=item AUTHOR =back -=item Debugging Perl memory usage +=head2 perlsec - Perl security =over 4 -=item Using C<$ENV{PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS}> +=item DESCRIPTION -C, Free/Used, C, C, C, C, C +=over 4 -=item Example of using B<-DL> switch +=item Laundering and Detecting Tainted Data -C<717>, C<002>, C<054>, C<602>, C<702>, C<704> +=item Switches On the "#!" Line -=item B<-DL> details +=item Taint mode and @INC -C, C, C +=item Cleaning Up Your Path -=item Limitations of B<-DL> statistics +=item Security Bugs + +=item Protecting Your Programs + +=item Unicode + +=item Algorithmic Complexity Attacks =back @@ -3566,197 +3580,288 @@ C, C, C =back -=head2 perlxstut, perlXStut - Tutorial for writing XSUBs +=head2 perlmod - Perl modules (packages and symbol tables) =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=item SPECIAL NOTES - =over 4 -=item make +=item Packages -=item Version caveat +=item Symbol Tables -=item Dynamic Loading versus Static Loading +=item BEGIN, CHECK, INIT and END + +=item Perl Classes + +=item Perl Modules + +=item Making your module threadsafe =back -=item TUTORIAL +=item SEE ALSO -=over 4 +=back -=item EXAMPLE 1 +=head2 perlmodlib - constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones -=item EXAMPLE 2 +=over 4 -=item What has gone on? +=item THE PERL MODULE LIBRARY -=item Writing good test scripts +=over 4 -=item EXAMPLE 3 +=item Pragmatic Modules -=item What's new here? +assertions, assertions::activate, attributes, attrs, autouse, base, bigint, +bignum, bigrat, blib, bytes, charnames, constant, diagnostics, encoding, +fields, filetest, if, integer, less, lib, locale, open, ops, overload, re, +sigtrap, sort, strict, subs, threads, threads::shared, utf8, vars, version, +vmsish, warnings, warnings::register -=item Input and Output Parameters +=item Standard Modules -=item The XSUBPP Program +AnyDBM_File, Attribute::Handlers, AutoLoader, AutoSplit, B, B::Asmdata, +B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Concise, B::Debug, +B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex, B::Stackobj, B::Stash, +B::Terse, B::Xref, Benchmark, ByteLoader, CGI, CGI::Apache, CGI::Carp, +CGI::Cookie, CGI::Fast, CGI::Pretty, CGI::Push, CGI::Switch, CGI::Util, +CPAN, CPAN::FirstTime, CPAN::Nox, Carp, Carp::Heavy, Class::ISA, +Class::Struct, Config, Cwd, DB, DBM_Filter, DB_File, Data::Dumper, +Devel::DProf, Devel::PPPort, Devel::Peek, Devel::SelfStubber, Digest, +Digest::MD5, Digest::base, DirHandle, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, Encode, +Encode::Alias, Encode::Byte, Encode::CJKConstants, Encode::CN, +Encode::CN::HZ, Encode::Config, Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Encoder, +Encode::Encoding, Encode::Guess, Encode::JP, Encode::JP::H2Z, +Encode::JP::JIS7, Encode::KR, Encode::KR::2022_KR, Encode::MIME::Header, +Encode::PerlIO, Encode::Supported, Encode::Symbol, Encode::TW, +Encode::Unicode, Encode::Unicode::UTF7, English, Env, Errno, Exporter, +Exporter::Heavy, ExtUtils::Command, ExtUtils::Command::MM, +ExtUtils::Constant, ExtUtils::Embed, ExtUtils::Install, +ExtUtils::Installed, ExtUtils::Liblist, ExtUtils::MM, ExtUtils::MM_Any, +ExtUtils::MM_BeOS, ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin, ExtUtils::MM_DOS, +ExtUtils::MM_MacOS, ExtUtils::MM_NW5, ExtUtils::MM_OS2, ExtUtils::MM_UWIN, +ExtUtils::MM_Unix, ExtUtils::MM_VMS, ExtUtils::MM_Win32, +ExtUtils::MM_Win95, ExtUtils::MY, ExtUtils::MakeMaker, +ExtUtils::MakeMaker::FAQ, ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Tutorial, +ExtUtils::MakeMaker::bytes, ExtUtils::MakeMaker::vmsish, +ExtUtils::Manifest, ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap, ExtUtils::Mksymlists, +ExtUtils::Packlist, ExtUtils::testlib, Fatal, Fcntl, File::Basename, +File::CheckTree, File::Compare, File::Copy, File::DosGlob, File::Find, +File::Glob, File::Path, File::Spec, File::Spec::Cygwin, File::Spec::Epoc, +File::Spec::Functions, File::Spec::Mac, File::Spec::OS2, File::Spec::Unix, +File::Spec::VMS, File::Spec::Win32, File::Temp, File::stat, FileCache, +FileHandle, Filter::Simple, Filter::Util::Call, FindBin, GDBM_File, +Getopt::Long, Getopt::Std, Hash::Util, I18N::Collate, I18N::LangTags, +I18N::LangTags::List, I18N::Langinfo, IO, IO::Dir, IO::File, IO::Handle, +IO::Pipe, IO::Poll, IO::Seekable, IO::Select, IO::Socket, IO::Socket::INET, +IO::Socket::UNIX, IPC::Open2, IPC::Open3, IPC::SysV, IPC::SysV::Msg, +IPC::SysV::Semaphore, List::Util, Locale::Constants, Locale::Country, +Locale::Currency, Locale::Language, Locale::Maketext, +Locale::Maketext::TPJ13, Locale::Script, MIME::Base64, +MIME::Base64::QuotedPrint, Math::BigFloat, Math::BigInt, +Math::BigInt::Calc, Math::BigInt::CalcEmu, Math::BigRat, Math::Complex, +Math::Trig, Memoize, Memoize::AnyDBM_File, Memoize::Expire, +Memoize::ExpireFile, Memoize::ExpireTest, Memoize::NDBM_File, +Memoize::SDBM_File, Memoize::Storable, NDBM_File, NEXT, Net::Cmd, +Net::Config, Net::Domain, Net::FTP, Net::NNTP, Net::Netrc, Net::POP3, +Net::Ping, Net::SMTP, Net::Time, Net::hostent, Net::libnetFAQ, Net::netent, +Net::protoent, Net::servent, O, ODBM_File, Opcode, POSIX, PerlIO, +PerlIO::encoding, PerlIO::scalar, PerlIO::via, PerlIO::via::QuotedPrint, +Pod::Checker, Pod::Find, Pod::Functions, Pod::Html, Pod::InputObjects, +Pod::LaTeX, Pod::Man, Pod::ParseLink, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Parser, +Pod::Perldoc::ToChecker, Pod::Perldoc::ToMan, Pod::Perldoc::ToNroff, +Pod::Perldoc::ToPod, Pod::Perldoc::ToRtf, Pod::Perldoc::ToText, +Pod::Perldoc::ToTk, Pod::Perldoc::ToXml, Pod::PlainText, Pod::Plainer, +Pod::Select, Pod::Text, Pod::Text::Color, Pod::Text::Overstrike, +Pod::Text::Termcap, Pod::Usage, SDBM_File, Safe, Scalar::Util, +Search::Dict, SelectSaver, SelfLoader, Shell, Socket, Storable, Switch, +Symbol, Sys::Hostname, Sys::Syslog, Term::ANSIColor, Term::Cap, +Term::Complete, Term::ReadLine, Test, Test::Builder, Test::Harness, +Test::Harness::Assert, Test::Harness::Iterator, Test::Harness::Straps, +Test::More, Test::Simple, Test::Tutorial, Text::Abbrev, Text::Balanced, +Text::ParseWords, Text::Soundex, Text::Tabs, Text::Wrap, Thread, +Thread::Queue, Thread::Semaphore, Thread::Signal, Thread::Specific, +Tie::Array, Tie::File, Tie::Handle, Tie::Hash, Tie::Memoize, Tie::RefHash, +Tie::Scalar, Tie::SubstrHash, Time::HiRes, Time::Local, Time::gmtime, +Time::localtime, Time::tm, UNIVERSAL, Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Normalize, +Unicode::UCD, User::grent, User::pwent, Win32, XS::APItest, XS::Typemap, +XSLoader -=item The TYPEMAP file +=item Extension Modules -=item Warning about Output Arguments +=back -=item EXAMPLE 4 +=item CPAN -=item What has happened here? +=over 4 -=item Anatomy of .xs file +=item Africa -=item Getting the fat out of XSUBs +South Africa -=item More about XSUB arguments +=item Asia -=item The Argument Stack +China, Indonesia, Israel, Japan, Malaysia, Russian Federation, Saudi +Arabia, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand -=item Extending your Extension +=item Central America -=item Documenting your Extension +Costa Rica -=item Installing your Extension +=item Europe -=item EXAMPLE 5 +Austria, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech +Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, +Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, +Portugal, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, +Turkey, Ukraine, United Kingdom -=item New Things in this Example +=item North America -=item EXAMPLE 6 +Canada, Alberta, Manitoba, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Mexico, United States, +Alabama, California, Colorado, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, +Indiana, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Michigan, Nevada, New Jersey, New York, +North Carolina, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, +Virginia, Washington, Wisconsin -=item New Things in this Example +=item Oceania -=item EXAMPLE 7 (Coming Soon) +Australia, New Zealand, United States -=item EXAMPLE 8 (Coming Soon) +=item South America -=item EXAMPLE 9 (Coming Soon) +Argentina, Brazil, Chile -=item Troubleshooting these Examples +=item RSYNC Mirrors =back -=item See also - -=item Author +=item Modules: Creation, Use, and Abuse =over 4 -=item Last Changed +=item Guidelines for Module Creation + +=item Guidelines for Converting Perl 4 Library Scripts into Modules + +=item Guidelines for Reusing Application Code =back +=item NOTE + =back -=head2 perlxs - XS language reference manual +=head2 perlmodstyle - Perl module style guide =over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item INTRODUCTION + +=item QUICK CHECKLIST =over 4 -=item Introduction +=item Before you start -=item On The Road +=item The API -=item The Anatomy of an XSUB +=item Stability -=item The Argument Stack +=item Documentation -=item The RETVAL Variable +=item Release considerations -=item The MODULE Keyword +=back -=item The PACKAGE Keyword +=item BEFORE YOU START WRITING A MODULE -=item The PREFIX Keyword +=over 4 -=item The OUTPUT: Keyword +=item Has it been done before? -=item The NO_OUTPUT Keyword +=item Do one thing and do it well -=item The CODE: Keyword +=item What's in a name? -=item The INIT: Keyword - -=item The NO_INIT Keyword +=back -=item Initializing Function Parameters +=item DESIGNING AND WRITING YOUR MODULE -=item Default Parameter Values +=over 4 -=item The PREINIT: Keyword +=item To OO or not to OO? -=item The SCOPE: Keyword +=item Designing your API -=item The INPUT: Keyword +Write simple routines to do simple things, Separate functionality from +output, Provide sensible shortcuts and defaults, Naming conventions, +Parameter passing -=item The IN/OUTLIST/IN_OUTLIST/OUT/IN_OUT Keywords +=item Strictness and warnings -=item Variable-length Parameter Lists +=item Backwards compatibility -=item The C_ARGS: Keyword +=item Error handling and messages -=item The PPCODE: Keyword +=back -=item Returning Undef And Empty Lists +=item DOCUMENTING YOUR MODULE -=item The REQUIRE: Keyword +=over 4 -=item The CLEANUP: Keyword +=item POD -=item The POSTCALL: Keyword +=item README, INSTALL, release notes, changelogs -=item The BOOT: Keyword +perl Makefile.PL, make, make test, make install, perl Build.PL, perl Build, +perl Build test, perl Build install -=item The VERSIONCHECK: Keyword +=back -=item The PROTOTYPES: Keyword +=item RELEASE CONSIDERATIONS -=item The PROTOTYPE: Keyword +=over 4 -=item The ALIAS: Keyword +=item Version numbering -=item The INTERFACE: Keyword +=item Pre-requisites -=item The INTERFACE_MACRO: Keyword +=item Testing -=item The INCLUDE: Keyword +=item Packaging -=item The CASE: Keyword +=item Licensing -=item The & Unary Operator +=back -=item Inserting POD, Comments and C Preprocessor Directives +=item COMMON PITFALLS -=item Using XS With C++ +=over 4 -=item Interface Strategy +=item Reinventing the wheel -=item Perl Objects And C Structures +=item Trying to do too much -=item The Typemap +=item Inappropriate documentation =back -=item EXAMPLES +=item SEE ALSO -=item XS VERSION +L, L, L, L, Packaging Tools, +Testing tools, http://pause.perl.org/, Any good book on software +engineering =item AUTHOR =back -=head2 perlclib - Internal replacements for standard C library functions +=head2 perlmodinstall - Installing CPAN Modules =over 4 @@ -3764,1929 +3869,1878 @@ C, C, C =over 4 -=item Conventions - -C, C

, C, C - -=item File Operations - -=item File Input and Output - -=item File Positioning +=item PREAMBLE -=item Memory Management and String Handling +B the file, B the file into a directory, B the +module (sometimes unnecessary), B the module -=item Character Class Tests +=back -=item F functions +=item PORTABILITY -=item Miscellaneous functions +=item HEY -=back +=item AUTHOR -=item SEE ALSO +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 perlguts - Introduction to the Perl API +=head2 perlnewmod - preparing a new module for distribution =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=item Variables - =over 4 -=item Datatypes +=item Warning -=item What is an "IV"? +=item What should I make into a module? -=item Working with SVs +=item Step-by-step: Preparing the ground -=item Offsets +Look around, Check it's new, Discuss the need, Choose a name, Check again -=item What's Really Stored in an SV? +=item Step-by-step: Making the module -=item Working with AVs +Start with F or F, Use L and +L, Use L, Use L - wisely!, +Use L, Write tests, Write the README -=item Working with HVs +=item Step-by-step: Distributing your module -=item Hash API Extensions +Get a CPAN user ID, C, Upload the +tarball, Announce to the modules list, Announce to clpa, Fix bugs! -=item References +=back -=item Blessed References and Class Objects +=item AUTHOR -=item Creating New Variables +=item SEE ALSO -=item Reference Counts and Mortality +=back -=item Stashes and Globs +=head2 perlutil - utilities packaged with the Perl distribution -=item Double-Typed SVs +=over 4 -=item Magic Variables +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Assigning Magic +=over 4 -=item Magic Virtual Tables +=item DOCUMENTATION -=item Finding Magic +L, L and L, +L and L, L, +L, L, L, +L -=item Understanding the Magic of Tied Hashes and Arrays +=item CONVERTORS -=item Localizing changes +L, L, L -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, -C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, -C, C, C +=item Administration -=back +L -=item Subroutines +=item Development -=over 4 +L, L, L and L, +L, L, L -=item XSUBs and the Argument Stack +=item SEE ALSO -=item Calling Perl Routines from within C Programs +=back -=item Memory Allocation +=back -=item PerlIO +=head2 perlcompile - Introduction to the Perl Compiler-Translator -=item Putting a C value on Perl stack +=over 4 -=item Scratchpads +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Scratchpads and recursion +=over 4 + +=item Layout + +B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Lint, B::Deparse, B::Xref =back -=item Compiled code +=item Using The Back Ends =over 4 -=item Code tree +=item The Cross Referencing Back End -=item Examining the tree +i, &, s, r -=item Compile pass 1: check routines +=item The Decompiling Back End -=item Compile pass 1a: constant folding +=item The Lint Back End -=item Compile pass 2: context propagation +=item The Simple C Back End -=item Compile pass 3: peephole optimization +=item The Bytecode Back End -=item Pluggable runops +=item The Optimized C Back End =back -=item Examining internal data structures with the C functions - -=item How multiple interpreters and concurrency are supported - -=over 4 - -=item Background and PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT - -=item So what happened to dTHR? +=item Module List for the Compiler Suite -=item How do I use all this in extensions? +B, O, B::Asmdata, B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, +B::Concise, B::Debug, B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex, +B::Stackobj, B::Stash, B::Terse, B::Xref -=item Should I do anything special if I call perl from multiple threads? +=item KNOWN PROBLEMS -=item Future Plans and PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS +=item AUTHOR =back -=item Internal Functions - -A, p, d, s, n, r, f, M, o, j, x +=head2 perlfilter - Source Filters =over 4 -=item Formatted Printing of IVs, UVs, and NVs - -=item Pointer-To-Integer and Integer-To-Pointer +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Source Documentation +=item CONCEPTS -=back +=item USING FILTERS -=item Unicode Support +=item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER -=over 4 +=item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN C -=item What B Unicode, anyway? +B -=item How can I recognise a UTF8 string? +=item CREATING A SOURCE FILTER AS A SEPARATE EXECUTABLE -=item How does UTF8 represent Unicode characters? +=item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN PERL -=item How does Perl store UTF8 strings? +=item USING CONTEXT: THE DEBUG FILTER -=item How do I convert a string to UTF8? +=item CONCLUSION -=item Is there anything else I need to know? +=item THINGS TO LOOK OUT FOR -=back +Some Filters Clobber the C Handle -=item Custom Operators +=item REQUIREMENTS -=item AUTHORS +=item AUTHOR -=item SEE ALSO +=item Copyrights =back -=head2 perlcall - Perl calling conventions from C +=head2 perlembed - how to embed perl in your C program =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -An Error Handler, An Event Driven Program +=over 4 -=item THE CALL_ FUNCTIONS +=item PREAMBLE -call_sv, call_pv, call_method, call_argv +B, B, B, B, B -=item FLAG VALUES +=item ROADMAP -=over 4 +=item Compiling your C program -=item G_VOID +=item Adding a Perl interpreter to your C program -=item G_SCALAR +=item Calling a Perl subroutine from your C program -=item G_ARRAY +=item Evaluating a Perl statement from your C program -=item G_DISCARD +=item Performing Perl pattern matches and substitutions from your C program -=item G_NOARGS +=item Fiddling with the Perl stack from your C program -=item G_EVAL +=item Maintaining a persistent interpreter -=item G_KEEPERR +=item Execution of END blocks -=item Determining the Context +=item Maintaining multiple interpreter instances + +=item Using Perl modules, which themselves use C libraries, from your C +program =back -=item KNOWN PROBLEMS +=item Embedding Perl under Win32 -=item EXAMPLES +=item Hiding Perl_ -=over 4 +=item MORAL -=item No Parameters, Nothing returned +=item AUTHOR -=item Passing Parameters +=item COPYRIGHT -=item Returning a Scalar +=back -=item Returning a list of values +=head2 perldebguts - Guts of Perl debugging -=item Returning a list in a scalar context +=over 4 -=item Returning Data from Perl via the parameter list +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Using G_EVAL +=item Debugger Internals -=item Using G_KEEPERR +=over 4 -=item Using call_sv +=item Writing Your Own Debugger -=item Using call_argv +=back -=item Using call_method +=item Frame Listing Output Examples -=item Using GIMME_V +=item Debugging regular expressions -=item Using Perl to dispose of temporaries +=over 4 -=item Strategies for storing Callback Context Information +=item Compile-time output -1. Ignore the problem - Allow only 1 callback, 2. Create a sequence of -callbacks - hard wired limit, 3. Use a parameter to map to the Perl -callback +C I C I, C I C +I, C, C, C +I, C, C, C, C, C, C, +C -=item Alternate Stack Manipulation +=item Types of nodes -=item Creating and calling an anonymous subroutine in C +=item Run-time output =back -=item SEE ALSO +=item Debugging Perl memory usage -=item AUTHOR +=over 4 -=item DATE +=item Using C<$ENV{PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS}> -=back +C, Free/Used, C, C, C, C, C -=head2 perlutil - utilities packaged with the Perl distribution +=item Example of using B<-DL> switch -=over 4 +C<717>, C<002>, C<054>, C<602>, C<702>, C<704> -=item DESCRIPTION +=item B<-DL> details -=over 4 +C, C, C -=item DOCUMENTATION +=item Limitations of B<-DL> statistics -L, L and L, -L and L, L, -L, L, L, -L +=back -=item CONVERTORS +=item SEE ALSO -L, L, L +=back -=item Administration +=head2 perlxstut, perlXStut - Tutorial for writing XSUBs -L +=over 4 -=item Development +=item DESCRIPTION -L, L, L and L, -L, L, L +=item SPECIAL NOTES -=item SEE ALSO +=over 4 -=back +=item make + +=item Version caveat + +=item Dynamic Loading versus Static Loading =back -=head2 perlfilter - Source Filters +=item TUTORIAL =over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item EXAMPLE 1 -=item CONCEPTS +=item EXAMPLE 2 -=item USING FILTERS +=item What has gone on? -=item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER +=item Writing good test scripts -=item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN C +=item EXAMPLE 3 -B +=item What's new here? -=item CREATING A SOURCE FILTER AS A SEPARATE EXECUTABLE +=item Input and Output Parameters -=item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN PERL +=item The XSUBPP Program -=item USING CONTEXT: THE DEBUG FILTER +=item The TYPEMAP file -=item CONCLUSION +=item Warning about Output Arguments -=item REQUIREMENTS +=item EXAMPLE 4 -=item AUTHOR +=item What has happened here? -=item Copyrights +=item Anatomy of .xs file -=back +=item Getting the fat out of XSUBs -=head2 perldbmfilter - Perl DBM Filters +=item More about XSUB arguments -=over 4 +=item The Argument Stack -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Extending your Extension -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Documenting your Extension -B, B, B, -B +=item Installing your Extension -=over 4 +=item EXAMPLE 5 -=item The Filter +=item New Things in this Example -=item An Example -- the NULL termination problem. +=item EXAMPLE 6 -=item Another Example -- Key is a C int. +=item New Things in this Example -=back +=item EXAMPLE 7 (Coming Soon) -=item SEE ALSO +=item EXAMPLE 8 (Coming Soon) -=item AUTHOR +=item EXAMPLE 9 Passing open files to XSes -=back +=item Troubleshooting these Examples -=head2 perlapi - autogenerated documentation for the perl public API +=back -=over 4 +=item See also -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Author -AvFILL, av_clear, av_delete, av_exists, av_extend, av_fetch, av_fill, -av_len, av_make, av_pop, av_push, av_shift, av_store, av_undef, av_unshift, -ax, bytes_from_utf8, bytes_to_utf8, call_argv, call_method, call_pv, -call_sv, CLASS, Copy, croak, CvSTASH, cv_const_sv, dAX, dITEMS, dMARK, -dORIGMARK, dSP, dXSARGS, dXSI32, ENTER, eval_pv, eval_sv, EXTEND, -fbm_compile, fbm_instr, FREETMPS, getcwd_sv, get_av, get_cv, get_hv, -get_sv, GIMME, GIMME_V, grok_bin, grok_hex, grok_number, -grok_numeric_radix, grok_oct, GvSV, gv_fetchmeth, gv_fetchmethod, -gv_fetchmethod_autoload, gv_stashpv, gv_stashsv, G_ARRAY, G_DISCARD, -G_EVAL, G_NOARGS, G_SCALAR, G_VOID, HEf_SVKEY, HeHASH, HeKEY, HeKLEN, HePV, -HeSVKEY, HeSVKEY_force, HeSVKEY_set, HeVAL, HvNAME, hv_clear, hv_delete, -hv_delete_ent, hv_exists, hv_exists_ent, hv_fetch, hv_fetch_ent, -hv_iterinit, hv_iterkey, hv_iterkeysv, hv_iternext, hv_iternextsv, -hv_iterval, hv_magic, hv_store, hv_store_ent, hv_undef, isALNUM, isALPHA, -isDIGIT, isLOWER, isSPACE, isUPPER, is_utf8_char, is_utf8_string, items, -ix, LEAVE, load_module, looks_like_number, MARK, mg_clear, mg_copy, -mg_find, mg_free, mg_get, mg_length, mg_magical, mg_set, Move, New, newAV, -Newc, newCONSTSUB, newHV, newRV_inc, newRV_noinc, newSV, NEWSV, newSViv, -newSVnv, newSVpv, newSVpvf, newSVpvn, newSVpvn_share, newSVrv, newSVsv, -newSVuv, newXS, newXSproto, Newz, Nullav, Nullch, Nullcv, Nullhv, Nullsv, -ORIGMARK, perl_alloc, perl_clone, perl_construct, perl_destruct, perl_free, -perl_parse, perl_run, PL_modglobal, PL_na, PL_sv_no, PL_sv_undef, -PL_sv_yes, POPi, POPl, POPn, POPp, POPpbytex, POPpx, POPs, PUSHi, PUSHMARK, -PUSHn, PUSHp, PUSHs, PUSHu, PUTBACK, Renew, Renewc, require_pv, RETVAL, -Safefree, savepv, savepvn, SAVETMPS, scan_bin, scan_hex, scan_oct, -sharedsv_find, sharedsv_init, sharedsv_lock, sharedsv_new, -sharedsv_thrcnt_dec, sharedsv_thrcnt_inc, sharedsv_unlock, sortsv, SP, -SPAGAIN, ST, strEQ, strGE, strGT, strLE, strLT, strNE, strnEQ, strnNE, -StructCopy, SvCUR, SvCUR_set, SvEND, SvGETMAGIC, SvGROW, SvIOK, SvIOKp, -SvIOK_notUV, SvIOK_off, SvIOK_on, SvIOK_only, SvIOK_only_UV, SvIOK_UV, -SvIV, SvIVX, SvIVx, SvLEN, SvNIOK, SvNIOKp, SvNIOK_off, SvNOK, SvNOKp, -SvNOK_off, SvNOK_on, SvNOK_only, SvNV, SvNVX, SvNVx, SvOK, SvOOK, SvPOK, -SvPOKp, SvPOK_off, SvPOK_on, SvPOK_only, SvPOK_only_UTF8, SvPV, SvPVbyte, -SvPVbytex, SvPVbytex_force, SvPVbyte_force, SvPVbyte_nolen, SvPVutf8, -SvPVutf8x, SvPVutf8x_force, SvPVutf8_force, SvPVutf8_nolen, SvPVx, SvPVX, -SvPV_force, SvPV_force_nomg, SvPV_nolen, SvREFCNT, SvREFCNT_dec, -SvREFCNT_inc, SvROK, SvROK_off, SvROK_on, SvRV, SvSETMAGIC, SvSetMagicSV, -SvSetMagicSV_nosteal, SvSetSV, SvSetSV_nosteal, SvSTASH, SvTAINT, -SvTAINTED, SvTAINTED_off, SvTAINTED_on, SvTRUE, SvTYPE, svtype, SVt_IV, -SVt_NV, SVt_PV, SVt_PVAV, SVt_PVCV, SVt_PVHV, SVt_PVMG, SvUOK, SvUPGRADE, -SvUTF8, SvUTF8_off, SvUTF8_on, SvUV, SvUVX, SvUVx, sv_2bool, sv_2cv, -sv_2io, sv_2iv, sv_2mortal, sv_2nv, sv_2pvbyte, sv_2pvbyte_nolen, -sv_2pvutf8, sv_2pvutf8_nolen, sv_2pv_flags, sv_2pv_nolen, sv_2uv, -sv_backoff, sv_bless, sv_catpv, sv_catpvf, sv_catpvf_mg, sv_catpvn, -sv_catpvn_flags, sv_catpvn_mg, sv_catpv_mg, sv_catsv, sv_catsv_flags, -sv_catsv_mg, sv_chop, sv_clear, sv_cmp, sv_cmp_locale, sv_collxfrm, sv_dec, -sv_derived_from, sv_eq, sv_force_normal, sv_force_normal_flags, sv_free, -sv_gets, sv_grow, sv_inc, sv_insert, sv_isa, sv_isobject, sv_iv, sv_len, -sv_len_utf8, sv_magic, sv_mortalcopy, sv_newmortal, sv_newref, sv_nv, -sv_pos_b2u, sv_pos_u2b, sv_pv, sv_pvbyte, sv_pvbyten, sv_pvbyten_force, -sv_pvn, sv_pvn_force, sv_pvn_force_flags, sv_pvutf8, sv_pvutf8n, -sv_pvutf8n_force, sv_reftype, sv_replace, sv_report_used, sv_reset, -sv_rvweaken, sv_setiv, sv_setiv_mg, sv_setnv, sv_setnv_mg, sv_setpv, -sv_setpvf, sv_setpvf_mg, sv_setpviv, sv_setpviv_mg, sv_setpvn, -sv_setpvn_mg, sv_setpv_mg, sv_setref_iv, sv_setref_nv, sv_setref_pv, -sv_setref_pvn, sv_setref_uv, sv_setsv, sv_setsv_flags, sv_setsv_mg, -sv_setuv, sv_setuv_mg, sv_taint, sv_tainted, sv_true, sv_unmagic, sv_unref, -sv_unref_flags, sv_untaint, sv_upgrade, sv_usepvn, sv_usepvn_mg, -sv_utf8_decode, sv_utf8_downgrade, sv_utf8_encode, sv_utf8_upgrade, -sv_utf8_upgrade_flags, sv_uv, sv_vcatpvfn, sv_vsetpvfn, THIS, toLOWER, -toUPPER, utf8n_to_uvchr, utf8n_to_uvuni, utf8_distance, utf8_hop, -utf8_length, utf8_to_bytes, utf8_to_uvchr, utf8_to_uvuni, uvchr_to_utf8, -uvuni_to_utf8, warn, XPUSHi, XPUSHn, XPUSHp, XPUSHs, XPUSHu, XS, XSRETURN, -XSRETURN_EMPTY, XSRETURN_IV, XSRETURN_NO, XSRETURN_NV, XSRETURN_PV, -XSRETURN_UNDEF, XSRETURN_YES, XST_mIV, XST_mNO, XST_mNV, XST_mPV, -XST_mUNDEF, XST_mYES, XS_VERSION, XS_VERSION_BOOTCHECK, Zero +=over 4 -=item AUTHORS +=item Last Changed -=item SEE ALSO +=back =back -=head2 perlintern - autogenerated documentation of purely B - Perl functions +=head2 perlxs - XS language reference manual =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -djSP, is_gv_magical, LVRET, PL_DBsingle, PL_DBsub, PL_DBtrace, PL_dowarn, -PL_last_in_gv, PL_ofs_sv, PL_rs, report_uninit, start_glob, sv_add_arena, -sv_clean_all, sv_clean_objs, sv_free_arenas +=over 4 -=item AUTHORS +=item Introduction -=item SEE ALSO +=item On The Road -=back +=item The Anatomy of an XSUB -=head2 perliol - C API for Perl's implementation of IO in Layers. +=item The Argument Stack -=over 4 +=item The RETVAL Variable -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Returning SVs, AVs and HVs through RETVAL -=item DESCRIPTION +=item The MODULE Keyword -=over 4 +=item The PACKAGE Keyword -=item History and Background +=item The PREFIX Keyword -=item Layers vs Disciplines +=item The OUTPUT: Keyword -=item Data Structures +=item The NO_OUTPUT Keyword -1. The functions and attributes of the "layer class", 2. The per-instance -data for a particular handle +=item The CODE: Keyword -=item Functions and Attributes +=item The INIT: Keyword -=item Per-instance Data +=item The NO_INIT Keyword -=item Layers in action. +=item Initializing Function Parameters -=item Per-instance flag bits +=item Default Parameter Values -PERLIO_F_EOF, PERLIO_F_CANWRITE, PERLIO_F_CANREAD, PERLIO_F_ERROR, -PERLIO_F_TRUNCATE, PERLIO_F_APPEND, PERLIO_F_CRLF, PERLIO_F_UTF8, -PERLIO_F_UNBUF, PERLIO_F_WRBUF, PERLIO_F_RDBUF, PERLIO_F_LINEBUF, -PERLIO_F_TEMP, PERLIO_F_OPEN, PERLIO_F_FASTGETS +=item The PREINIT: Keyword -=item Methods in Detail +=item The SCOPE: Keyword - IV (*Pushed)(PerlIO *f,const char *mode, SV *arg);, IV - (*Popped)(PerlIO *f);, PerlIO * (*Open)(...);, SV * -(*Getarg)(PerlIO *f);, IV (*Fileno)(PerlIO *f);, SSize_t -(*Read)(PerlIO *f, void *vbuf, Size_t count);, SSize_t (*Unread)(PerlIO -*f, const void *vbuf, Size_t count);, SSize_t (*Write)(PerlIO *f, const -void *vbuf, Size_t count);, IV (*Seek)(PerlIO *f, Off_t -offset, int whence);, Off_t (*Tell)(PerlIO *f);, IV - (*Close)(PerlIO *f);, IV (*Flush)(PerlIO *f);, IV - (*Fill)(PerlIO *f);, IV (*Eof)(PerlIO *f);, IV - (*Error)(PerlIO *f);, void (*Clearerr)(PerlIO *f);, void - (*Setlinebuf)(PerlIO *f);, STDCHAR * (*Get_base)(PerlIO *f);, -Size_t (*Get_bufsiz)(PerlIO *f);, STDCHAR * -(*Get_ptr)(PerlIO *f);, SSize_t (*Get_cnt)(PerlIO *f);, void - (*Set_ptrcnt)(PerlIO *f,STDCHAR *ptr,SSize_t cnt); +=item The INPUT: Keyword -=item Core Layers +=item The IN/OUTLIST/IN_OUTLIST/OUT/IN_OUT Keywords -"unix", "perlio", "stdio", "crlf", "mmap", "pending", "raw", "utf8" +=item The C Keyword -=item Extension Layers +=item Variable-length Parameter Lists -":encoding", ":Scalar", ":Object" or ":Perl" +=item The C_ARGS: Keyword -=back +=item The PPCODE: Keyword -=back +=item Returning Undef And Empty Lists -=head2 perlapio - perl's IO abstraction interface. +=item The REQUIRE: Keyword -=over 4 +=item The CLEANUP: Keyword -=item SYNOPSIS +=item The POSTCALL: Keyword -=item DESCRIPTION +=item The BOOT: Keyword -1. USE_STDIO, 2. USE_SFIO, 3. USE_PERLIO, B, -B, B, B, -B, B, -B, B, -B, B, -B, B, B, -B, B, B, -B, B, B, -B, B, B, -B, B, B, -B, B, B +=item The VERSIONCHECK: Keyword -=over 4 +=item The PROTOTYPES: Keyword -=item Co-existence with stdio +=item The PROTOTYPE: Keyword -B, B, -B, B +=item The ALIAS: Keyword -=item "Fast gets" Functions +=item The OVERLOAD: Keyword -B, B, B, -B, B, B, -B, B, B, -B +=item The FALLBACK: Keyword -=item Other Functions +=item The INTERFACE: Keyword -PerlIO_apply_layers(f,mode,layers), PerlIO_binmode(f,ptype,imode,layers), -'E' read, 'E' write, '+' read/write, PerlIO_debug(fmt,...) +=item The INTERFACE_MACRO: Keyword -=back +=item The INCLUDE: Keyword -=back +=item The CASE: Keyword -=head2 perltodo - Perl TO-DO List +=item The & Unary Operator -=over 4 +=item Inserting POD, Comments and C Preprocessor Directives -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Using XS With C++ -=item To do during 5.6.x +=item Interface Strategy -=over 4 +=item Perl Objects And C Structures + +=item The Typemap -=item Support for I/O disciplines +=item Safely Storing Static Data in XS -=item Autoload bytes.pm +MY_CXT_KEY, typedef my_cxt_t, START_MY_CXT, MY_CXT_INIT, dMY_CXT, MY_CXT -=item Make "\u{XXXX}" et al work +=back -=item Create a char *sv_pvprintify(sv, STRLEN *lenp, UV flags) +=item EXAMPLES -=item Overloadable regex assertions +=item XS VERSION -=item Unicode +=item AUTHOR -=item use Thread for iThreads +=back -=item make perl_clone optionally clone ops +=head2 perlclib - Internal replacements for standard C library functions -=item Work out exit/die semantics for threads +=over 4 -=item Typed lexicals for compiler +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Compiler workarounds for Win32 +=over 4 -=item AUTOLOADing in the compiler +=item Conventions -=item Fixing comppadlist when compiling +C, C

, C, C -=item Cleaning up exported namespace +=item File Operations -=item Complete signal handling +=item File Input and Output -=item Out-of-source builds +=item File Positioning -=item POSIX realtime support +=item Memory Management and String Handling -=item UNIX98 support +=item Character Class Tests -=item IPv6 Support +=item F functions -=item Long double conversion +=item Miscellaneous functions -=item Locales +=back -=item Thread-safe regexes +=item SEE ALSO -=item Arithmetic on non-Arabic numerals +=back -=item POSIX Unicode character classes +=head2 perlguts - Introduction to the Perl API -=item Factoring out common suffices/prefices in regexps (trie optimization) +=over 4 -=item Security audit shipped utilities +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Custom opcodes +=item Variables -=item spawnvp() on Win32 +=over 4 -=item DLL Versioning +=item Datatypes -=item Introduce @( and @) +=item What is an "IV"? -=item Floating point handling +=item Working with SVs -=item IV/UV preservation +=item Offsets -=item Replace pod2html with something using Pod::Parser +=item What's Really Stored in an SV? -=item Automate module testing on CPAN +=item Working with AVs -=item sendmsg and recvmsg +=item Working with HVs -=item Rewrite perlre documentation +=item Hash API Extensions -=item Convert example code to IO::Handle filehandles +=item AVs, HVs and undefined values -=item Document Win32 choices +=item References -=item Check new modules +=item Blessed References and Class Objects -=item Make roffitall find pods and libs itself +=item Creating New Variables -=back +GV_ADDMULTI, GV_ADDWARN -=item To do at some point +=item Reference Counts and Mortality -=over 4 +=item Stashes and Globs -=item Remove regular expression recursion +=item Double-Typed SVs -=item Memory leaks after failed eval +=item Magic Variables -=item pack "(stuff)*" +=item Assigning Magic -=item bitfields in pack +=item Magic Virtual Tables -=item Cross compilation +=item Finding Magic -=item Perl preprocessor / macros +=item Understanding the Magic of Tied Hashes and Arrays -=item Perl lexer in Perl +=item Localizing changes -=item Using POSIX calls internally +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, +C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, +C, C, C -=item -i rename file when changed +=back -=item All ARGV input should act like EE +=item Subroutines -=item Support for rerunning debugger +=over 4 -=item Test Suite for the Debugger +=item XSUBs and the Argument Stack -=item my sub foo { } +=item Calling Perl Routines from within C Programs -=item One-pass global destruction +=item Memory Allocation -=item Rewrite regexp parser +=item PerlIO -=item Cache recently used regexps +=item Putting a C value on Perl stack -=item Re-entrant functions +=item Scratchpads -=item Cross-compilation support +=item Scratchpads and recursion -=item Bit-shifting bitvectors +=back -=item debugger pragma +=item Compiled code -=item use less pragma +=over 4 -=item switch structures +=item Code tree -=item Cache eval tree +=item Examining the tree -=item rcatmaybe +=item Compile pass 1: check routines -=item Shrink opcode tables +=item Compile pass 1a: constant folding -=item Optimize away @_ +=item Compile pass 2: context propagation -=item Prototypes versus indirect objects +=item Compile pass 3: peephole optimization -=item Install HMTL +=item Pluggable runops -=item Prototype method calls +=back -=item Return context prototype declarations +=item Examining internal data structures with the C functions -=item magic_setisa +=item How multiple interpreters and concurrency are supported -=item Garbage collection +=over 4 -=item IO tutorial +=item Background and PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT -=item pack/unpack tutorial +=item So what happened to dTHR? -=item Rewrite perldoc +=item How do I use all this in extensions? -=item Install .3p manpages +=item Should I do anything special if I call perl from multiple threads? -=item Unicode tutorial +=item Future Plans and PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS -=item Update POSIX.pm for 1003.1-2 +=back -=item Retargetable installation +=item Internal Functions -=item POSIX emulation on non-POSIX systems +A, p, d, s, n, r, f, M, o, x, m, X, E, b -=item Rename Win32 headers +=over 4 -=item Finish off lvalue functions +=item Formatted Printing of IVs, UVs, and NVs -=item Update sprintf documentation +=item Pointer-To-Integer and Integer-To-Pointer -=item Use fchown/fchmod internally +=item Source Documentation =back -=item Vague ideas +=item Unicode Support =over 4 -=item ref() in list context - -=item Make tr/// return histogram of characters in list context - -=item Compile to real threaded code - -=item Structured types +=item What B Unicode, anyway? -=item Modifiable $1 et al. +=item How can I recognise a UTF-8 string? -=item Procedural interfaces for IO::*, etc. +=item How does UTF-8 represent Unicode characters? -=item RPC modules +=item How does Perl store UTF-8 strings? -=item Attach/detach debugger from running program +=item How do I convert a string to UTF-8? -=item Alternative RE syntax module +=item Is there anything else I need to know? -=item GUI::Native +=back -=item foreach(reverse ...) +=item Custom Operators -=item Constant function cache +=item AUTHORS -=item Approximate regular expression matching +=item SEE ALSO =back -=item Ongoing +=head2 perlcall - Perl calling conventions from C =over 4 -=item Update guts documentation +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Add more tests +An Error Handler, An Event Driven Program -=item Update auxiliary tools +=item THE CALL_ FUNCTIONS -=back +call_sv, call_pv, call_method, call_argv -=item Recently done things +=item FLAG VALUES =over 4 -=item Safe signal handling +=item G_VOID + +=item G_SCALAR + +=item G_ARRAY -=item Tie Modules +=item G_DISCARD -=item gettimeofday +=item G_NOARGS -=item setitimer and getimiter +=item G_EVAL -=item Testing __DIE__ hook +=item G_KEEPERR -=item CPP equivalent in Perl +=item Determining the Context -=item Explicit switch statements +=back -=item autocroak +=item KNOWN PROBLEMS -=item UTF/EBCDIC +=item EXAMPLES -=item UTF Regexes +=over 4 -=item perlcc to produce executable +=item No Parameters, Nothing returned -=item END blocks saved in compiled output +=item Passing Parameters -=item Secure temporary file module +=item Returning a Scalar -=item Integrate Time::HiRes +=item Returning a list of values -=item Turn Cwd into XS +=item Returning a list in a scalar context -=item Mmap for input +=item Returning Data from Perl via the parameter list -=item Byte to/from UTF8 and UTF8 to/from local conversion +=item Using G_EVAL -=item Add sockatmark support +=item Using G_KEEPERR -=item Mailing list archives +=item Using call_sv -=item Bug tracking +=item Using call_argv -=item Integrate MacPerl +=item Using call_method -=item Web "nerve center" for Perl +=item Using GIMME_V -=item Regular expression tutorial +=item Using Perl to dispose of temporaries -=item Debugging Tutorial +=item Strategies for storing Callback Context Information -=item Integrate new modules +1. Ignore the problem - Allow only 1 callback, 2. Create a sequence of +callbacks - hard wired limit, 3. Use a parameter to map to the Perl +callback -=item Integrate profiler +=item Alternate Stack Manipulation -=item Y2K error detection +=item Creating and calling an anonymous subroutine in C -=item Regular expression debugger +=back -=item POD checker +=item SEE ALSO -=item "Dynamic" lexicals +=item AUTHOR -=item Cache precompiled modules +=item DATE =back -=item Deprecated Wishes +=head2 perlapi - autogenerated documentation for the perl public API =over 4 -=item Loop control on do{} - -=item Lexically scoped typeglobs +=item DESCRIPTION -=item format BOTTOM +=item "Gimme" Values -=item report HANDLE +GIMME, GIMME_V, G_ARRAY, G_DISCARD, G_EVAL, G_NOARGS, G_SCALAR, G_VOID -=item Generalised want()/caller()) +=item Array Manipulation Functions -=item Named prototypes +AvFILL, av_clear, av_delete, av_exists, av_extend, av_fetch, av_fill, +av_len, av_make, av_pop, av_push, av_shift, av_store, av_undef, av_unshift, +get_av, newAV, sortsv -=item Built-in globbing +=item Callback Functions -=item Regression tests for suidperl +call_argv, call_method, call_pv, call_sv, ENTER, eval_pv, eval_sv, +FREETMPS, LEAVE, SAVETMPS -=item Cached hash values +=item Character classes -=item Add compression modules +isALNUM, isALPHA, isDIGIT, isLOWER, isSPACE, isUPPER, toLOWER, toUPPER -=item Reorganise documentation into tutorials/references +=item Cloning an interpreter -=item Remove distinction between functions and operators +perl_clone -=item Make XS easier to use +=item CV Manipulation Functions -=item Make embedding easier to use +CvSTASH, get_cv -=item man for perl +=item Embedding Functions -=item my $Package::variable +cv_undef, load_module, nothreadhook, perl_alloc, perl_construct, +perl_destruct, perl_free, perl_parse, perl_run, require_pv -=item "or" tests defined, not truth +=item Functions in file pp_pack.c -=item "class"-based lexicals +packlist, pack_cat, unpackstring, unpack_str -=item byteperl +=item Global Variables -=item Lazy evaluation / tail recursion removal +PL_modglobal, PL_na, PL_sv_no, PL_sv_undef, PL_sv_yes -=item Make "use utf8" the default +=item GV Functions -=item Unicode collation and normalization +GvSV, gv_fetchmeth, gv_fetchmethod, gv_fetchmethod_autoload, +gv_fetchmeth_autoload, gv_stashpv, gv_stashsv -=item Create debugging macros +=item Handy Values -=back +Nullav, Nullch, Nullcv, Nullhv, Nullsv -=back +=item Hash Manipulation Functions -=head2 perlhack - How to hack at the Perl internals +get_hv, HEf_SVKEY, HeHASH, HeKEY, HeKLEN, HePV, HeSVKEY, HeSVKEY_force, +HeSVKEY_set, HeVAL, HvNAME, hv_assert, hv_clear, hv_clear_placeholders, +hv_delete, hv_delete_ent, hv_exists, hv_exists_ent, hv_fetch, hv_fetch_ent, +hv_iterinit, hv_iterkey, hv_iterkeysv, hv_iternext, hv_iternextsv, +hv_iternext_flags, hv_iterval, hv_magic, hv_scalar, hv_store, hv_store_ent, +hv_undef, newHV -=over 4 +=item Magical Functions -=item DESCRIPTION +mg_clear, mg_copy, mg_find, mg_free, mg_get, mg_length, mg_magical, mg_set, +SvGETMAGIC, SvLOCK, SvSETMAGIC, SvSetMagicSV, SvSetMagicSV_nosteal, +SvSetSV, SvSetSV_nosteal, SvSHARE, SvUNLOCK -Does concept match the general goals of Perl?, Where is the -implementation?, Backwards compatibility, Could it be a module instead?, Is -the feature generic enough?, Does it potentially introduce new bugs?, Does -it preclude other desirable features?, Is the implementation robust?, Is -the implementation generic enough to be portable?, Is there enough -documentation?, Is there another way to do it?, Does it create too much -work?, Patches speak louder than words +=item Memory Management -=over 4 +Copy, CopyD, Move, MoveD, New, Newc, Newz, Poison, Renew, Renewc, Safefree, +savepv, savepvn, savesharedpv, StructCopy, Zero, ZeroD -=item Keeping in sync +=item Miscellaneous Functions -rsync'ing the source tree, Using rsync over the LAN, Using pushing over the -NFS, rsync'ing the patches +fbm_compile, fbm_instr, form, getcwd_sv, new_version, scan_version, strEQ, +strGE, strGT, strLE, strLT, strNE, strnEQ, strnNE, sv_nolocking, +sv_nosharing, sv_nounlocking, upg_version, vcmp, vnormal, vnumify, +vstringify -=item Why rsync the source tree +=item Numeric functions -It's easier to rsync the source tree, It's more recent, It's more reliable +grok_bin, grok_hex, grok_number, grok_numeric_radix, grok_oct, scan_bin, +scan_hex, scan_oct -=item Why rsync the patches +=item Optree Manipulation Functions -It's easier to rsync the patches, It's a good reference, Finding a start -point, Finding how to fix a bug, Finding the source of misbehaviour +cv_const_sv, newCONSTSUB, newXS -=item Perlbug remote interface +=item Pad Data Structures -1 http://bugs.perl.org, 2 bugdb@perl.org, 3 -commands_and_bugdids@bugs.perl.org, notes, patches, tests +pad_sv -=item Submitting patches +=item Stack Manipulation Macros -L, L and L, L, -F, The perl5-porters FAQ +dMARK, dORIGMARK, dSP, EXTEND, MARK, mPUSHi, mPUSHn, mPUSHp, mPUSHu, +mXPUSHi, mXPUSHn, mXPUSHp, mXPUSHu, ORIGMARK, POPi, POPl, POPn, POPp, +POPpbytex, POPpx, POPs, PUSHi, PUSHMARK, PUSHmortal, PUSHn, PUSHp, PUSHs, +PUSHu, PUTBACK, SP, SPAGAIN, XPUSHi, XPUSHmortal, XPUSHn, XPUSHp, XPUSHs, +XPUSHu, XSRETURN, XSRETURN_EMPTY, XSRETURN_IV, XSRETURN_NO, XSRETURN_NV, +XSRETURN_PV, XSRETURN_UNDEF, XSRETURN_UV, XSRETURN_YES, XST_mIV, XST_mNO, +XST_mNV, XST_mPV, XST_mUNDEF, XST_mYES -=item Finding Your Way Around +=item SV Flags -Core modules, Tests, Documentation, Configure, Interpreter +svtype, SVt_IV, SVt_NV, SVt_PV, SVt_PVAV, SVt_PVCV, SVt_PVHV, SVt_PVMG -=item Elements of the interpreter +=item SV Manipulation Functions -Startup, Parsing, Optimization, Running +get_sv, looks_like_number, newRV_inc, newRV_noinc, NEWSV, newSV, newSViv, +newSVnv, newSVpv, newSVpvf, newSVpvn, newSVpvn_share, newSVrv, newSVsv, +newSVuv, SvCUR, SvCUR_set, SvEND, SvGROW, SvIOK, SvIOKp, SvIOK_notUV, +SvIOK_off, SvIOK_on, SvIOK_only, SvIOK_only_UV, SvIOK_UV, SvIsCOW, +SvIsCOW_shared_hash, SvIV, SvIVx, SvIVX, SvIV_nomg, SvLEN, SvNIOK, SvNIOKp, +SvNIOK_off, SvNOK, SvNOKp, SvNOK_off, SvNOK_on, SvNOK_only, SvNV, SvNVX, +SvNVx, SvOK, SvOOK, SvPOK, SvPOKp, SvPOK_off, SvPOK_on, SvPOK_only, +SvPOK_only_UTF8, SvPV, SvPVbyte, SvPVbytex, SvPVbytex_force, +SvPVbyte_force, SvPVbyte_nolen, SvPVutf8, SvPVutf8x, SvPVutf8x_force, +SvPVutf8_force, SvPVutf8_nolen, SvPVx, SvPVX, SvPV_force, SvPV_force_nomg, +SvPV_nolen, SvPV_nomg, SvREFCNT, SvREFCNT_dec, SvREFCNT_inc, SvROK, +SvROK_off, SvROK_on, SvRV, SvSTASH, SvTAINT, SvTAINTED, SvTAINTED_off, +SvTAINTED_on, SvTRUE, SvTYPE, SvUOK, SvUPGRADE, SvUTF8, SvUTF8_off, +SvUTF8_on, SvUV, SvUVX, SvUVx, SvUV_nomg, SvVOK, sv_2bool, sv_2cv, sv_2io, +sv_2iv_flags, sv_2mortal, sv_2nv, sv_2pvbyte, sv_2pvbyte_nolen, sv_2pvutf8, +sv_2pvutf8_nolen, sv_2pv_flags, sv_2pv_nolen, sv_2uv_flags, sv_backoff, +sv_bless, sv_catpv, sv_catpvf, sv_catpvf_mg, sv_catpvn, sv_catpvn_flags, +sv_catpvn_mg, sv_catpvn_nomg, sv_catpv_mg, sv_catsv, sv_catsv_flags, +sv_catsv_mg, sv_catsv_nomg, sv_chop, sv_clear, sv_cmp, sv_cmp_locale, +sv_collxfrm, sv_copypv, sv_dec, sv_derived_from, sv_eq, sv_force_normal, +sv_force_normal_flags, sv_free, sv_gets, sv_grow, sv_inc, sv_insert, +sv_isa, sv_isobject, sv_iv, sv_len, sv_len_utf8, sv_magic, sv_magicext, +sv_mortalcopy, sv_newmortal, sv_newref, sv_nv, sv_pos_b2u, sv_pos_u2b, +sv_pv, sv_pvbyte, sv_pvbyten, sv_pvbyten_force, sv_pvn, sv_pvn_force, +sv_pvn_force_flags, sv_pvutf8, sv_pvutf8n, sv_pvutf8n_force, sv_reftype, +sv_replace, sv_report_used, sv_reset, sv_rvweaken, sv_setiv, sv_setiv_mg, +sv_setnv, sv_setnv_mg, sv_setpv, sv_setpvf, sv_setpvf_mg, sv_setpviv, +sv_setpviv_mg, sv_setpvn, sv_setpvn_mg, sv_setpv_mg, sv_setref_iv, +sv_setref_nv, sv_setref_pv, sv_setref_pvn, sv_setref_uv, sv_setsv, +sv_setsv_flags, sv_setsv_mg, sv_setsv_nomg, sv_setuv, sv_setuv_mg, +sv_taint, sv_tainted, sv_true, sv_unmagic, sv_unref, sv_unref_flags, +sv_untaint, sv_upgrade, sv_usepvn, sv_usepvn_mg, sv_utf8_decode, +sv_utf8_downgrade, sv_utf8_encode, sv_utf8_upgrade, sv_utf8_upgrade_flags, +sv_uv, sv_vcatpvf, sv_vcatpvfn, sv_vcatpvf_mg, sv_vsetpvf, sv_vsetpvfn, +sv_vsetpvf_mg -=item Internal Variable Types +=item Unicode Support -=item Op Trees +bytes_from_utf8, bytes_to_utf8, ibcmp_utf8, is_utf8_char, is_utf8_string, +is_utf8_string_loc, pv_uni_display, sv_cat_decode, sv_recode_to_utf8, +sv_uni_display, to_utf8_case, to_utf8_fold, to_utf8_lower, to_utf8_title, +to_utf8_upper, utf8n_to_uvchr, utf8n_to_uvuni, utf8_distance, utf8_hop, +utf8_length, utf8_to_bytes, utf8_to_uvchr, utf8_to_uvuni, uvchr_to_utf8, +uvuni_to_utf8_flags -=item Stacks +=item Variables created by C and C internal functions -Argument stack, Mark stack, Save stack +ax, CLASS, dAX, dITEMS, dUNDERBAR, dXSARGS, dXSI32, items, ix, newXSproto, +RETVAL, ST, THIS, UNDERBAR, XS, XS_VERSION, XS_VERSION_BOOTCHECK -=item Millions of Macros +=item Warning and Dieing -=item Poking at Perl +croak, warn -=item Using a source-level debugger +=item AUTHORS -run [args], break function_name, break source.c:xxx, step, next, continue, -finish, 'enter', print +=item SEE ALSO -=item Dumping Perl Data Structures +=back -=item Patching +=head2 perlintern - autogenerated documentation of purely B + Perl functions -=item Patching a core module +=over 4 -=item Adding a new function to the core +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Writing a test +=item CV reference counts and CvOUTSIDE -F, F, F, F, F, F, -F, F +CvWEAKOUTSIDE -=back +=item Functions in file pad.h -=item EXTERNAL TOOLS FOR DEBUGGING PERL +CX_CURPAD_SAVE, CX_CURPAD_SV, PAD_BASE_SV, PAD_CLONE_VARS, +PAD_COMPNAME_FLAGS, PAD_COMPNAME_GEN, PAD_COMPNAME_OURSTASH, +PAD_COMPNAME_PV, PAD_COMPNAME_TYPE, PAD_DUP, PAD_RESTORE_LOCAL, +PAD_SAVE_LOCAL, PAD_SAVE_SETNULLPAD, PAD_SETSV, PAD_SET_CUR, +PAD_SET_CUR_NOSAVE, PAD_SV, PAD_SVl, SAVECLEARSV, SAVECOMPPAD, SAVEPADSV -=over 4 +=item Functions in file pp_ctl.c -=item Rational Software's Purify +find_runcv -=item Purify on Unix +=item Global Variables --Accflags=-DPURIFY, -Doptimize='-g', -Uusemymalloc, -Dusemultiplicity +PL_DBsingle, PL_DBsub, PL_DBtrace, PL_dowarn, PL_last_in_gv, PL_ofs_sv, +PL_rs -=item Purify on NT +=item GV Functions -DEFINES, USE_MULTI = define, #PERL_MALLOC = define, CFG = Debug +is_gv_magical -=item Compaq's/Digital's Third Degree +=item IO Functions -=item PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL +start_glob -=item Profiling +=item Pad Data Structures -=item Gprof Profiling +CvPADLIST, cv_clone, cv_dump, do_dump_pad, intro_my, pad_add_anon, +pad_add_name, pad_alloc, pad_block_start, pad_check_dup, pad_findlex, +pad_findmy, pad_fixup_inner_anons, pad_free, pad_leavemy, pad_new, +pad_push, pad_reset, pad_setsv, pad_swipe, pad_tidy, pad_undef --a, -b, -e routine, -f routine, -s, -z +=item Stack Manipulation Macros -=item GCC gcov Profiling +djSP, LVRET -=item Pixie Profiling +=item SV Manipulation Functions --h, -l, -p[rocedures], -h[eavy], -i[nvocations], -l[ines], -testcoverage, --z[ero] +find_uninit_var, report_uninit, sv_add_arena, sv_clean_all, sv_clean_objs, +sv_free_arenas -=item CONCLUSION +=item AUTHORS -I +=item SEE ALSO =back -=item AUTHOR +=head2 perliol - C API for Perl's implementation of IO in Layers. -=back +=over 4 -=head2 perlhist - the Perl history records +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION =over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item History and Background -=item INTRODUCTION +=item Basic Structure -=item THE KEEPERS OF THE PUMPKIN +=item Layers vs Disciplines -=over 4 +=item Data Structures -=item PUMPKIN? +=item Functions and Attributes -=back +=item Per-instance Data -=item THE RECORDS +=item Layers in action. -=over 4 +=item Per-instance flag bits -=item SELECTED RELEASE SIZES +PERLIO_F_EOF, PERLIO_F_CANWRITE, PERLIO_F_CANREAD, PERLIO_F_ERROR, +PERLIO_F_TRUNCATE, PERLIO_F_APPEND, PERLIO_F_CRLF, PERLIO_F_UTF8, +PERLIO_F_UNBUF, PERLIO_F_WRBUF, PERLIO_F_RDBUF, PERLIO_F_LINEBUF, +PERLIO_F_TEMP, PERLIO_F_OPEN, PERLIO_F_FASTGETS -=item SELECTED PATCH SIZES +=item Methods in Detail -=back +fsize, name, size, kind, PERLIO_K_BUFFERED, PERLIO_K_RAW, PERLIO_K_CANCRLF, +PERLIO_K_FASTGETS, PERLIO_K_MULTIARG, Pushed, Popped, Open, Binmode, +Getarg, Fileno, Dup, Read, Write, Seek, Tell, Close, Flush, Fill, Eof, +Error, Clearerr, Setlinebuf, Get_base, Get_bufsiz, Get_ptr, Get_cnt, +Set_ptrcnt -=item THE KEEPERS OF THE RECORDS +=item Utilities -=back +=item Implementing PerlIO Layers -=head2 perldelta - what will be new for perl v5.8.0 +C implementations, Perl implementations -=over 4 +=item Core Layers -=item DESCRIPTION +"unix", "perlio", "stdio", "crlf", "mmap", "pending", "raw", "utf8" -=item Reporting Bugs +=item Extension Layers -=item SEE ALSO +":encoding", ":scalar", ":via" -=item HISTORY +=back + +=item TODO =back -=head2 perl572delta - what's new for perl v5.7.2 +=head2 perlapio - perl's IO abstraction interface. =over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Security Vulnerability Closed +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Incompatible Changes +1. USE_STDIO, 2. USE_SFIO, 3. USE_PERLIO, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, +B, B, +B, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, B =over 4 -=item 64-bit platforms and malloc +=item Co-existence with stdio -=item AIX Dynaloading +B, B, +B, B -=item Socket Extension Dynamic in VMS +=item "Fast gets" Functions -=item Different Definition of the Unicode Character Classes \p{In...} +B, B, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, B, +B -=item Deprecations +=item Other Functions + +PerlIO_apply_layers(f,mode,layers), PerlIO_binmode(f,ptype,imode,layers), +'E' read, 'E' write, '+' read/write, PerlIO_debug(fmt,...) =back -=item Core Enhancements +=back -=item Modules and Pragmata +=head2 perlhack - How to hack at the Perl internals =over 4 -=item New Modules and Distributions +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata +Does concept match the general goals of Perl?, Where is the +implementation?, Backwards compatibility, Could it be a module instead?, Is +the feature generic enough?, Does it potentially introduce new bugs?, Does +it preclude other desirable features?, Is the implementation robust?, Is +the implementation generic enough to be portable?, Is the implementation +tested?, Is there enough documentation?, Is there another way to do it?, +Does it create too much work?, Patches speak louder than words -=back +=over 4 -=item Utility Changes +=item Keeping in sync -=item New Documentation +rsync'ing the source tree, Using rsync over the LAN, Using pushing over the +NFS, rsync'ing the patches -=item Installation and Configuration Improvements +=item Why rsync the source tree -=over 4 +It's easier to rsync the source tree, It's more reliable -=item New Or Improved Platforms +=item Why rsync the patches -=item Generic Improvements +It's easier to rsync the patches, It's a good reference, Finding a start +point, Finding how to fix a bug, Finding the source of misbehaviour -=back +=item Working with the source -=item Selected Bug Fixes +=item Perlbug administration -=over 4 +=item Submitting patches -=item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes +L, L and L, L, +F, The perl5-porters FAQ -=back +=item Finding Your Way Around -=item New or Changed Diagnostics +Core modules, Tests, Documentation, Configure, Interpreter -=item Source Code Enhancements +=item Elements of the interpreter -=over 4 +Startup, Parsing, Optimization, Running -=item MAGIC constants +=item Internal Variable Types -=item Better commented code +=item Op Trees -=item Regex pre-/post-compilation items matched up +=item Stacks -=item gcc -Wall +Argument stack, Mark stack, Save stack -=back +=item Millions of Macros -=item New Tests +=item The .i Targets -=item Known Problems +=item Poking at Perl -=over 4 +=item Using a source-level debugger -=item AIX +run [args], break function_name, break source.c:xxx, step, next, continue, +finish, 'enter', print -=item Amiga Perl Invoking Mystery +=item gdb macro support -=item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure' +=item Dumping Perl Data Structures -=item Cygwin intermittent failures of lib/Memoize/t/expire_file 11 and 12 +=item Patching -=item HP-UX lib/io_multihomed Fails When LP64-Configur +=item Patching a core module -=item HP-UX lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails When LP64-Configured +=item Adding a new function to the core -=item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48 +=item Writing a test -=item OS/390 +F, F, F, F, F, F, +F, F, F, F, F, t/base t/comp, +t/cmd t/run t/io t/op, t/lib ext lib -=item op/sprintf tests 129 and 130 +=item Special Make Test Targets -=item Failure of Thread tests +coretest, test.deparse, test.taintwarn, minitest, test.valgrind +check.valgrind utest.valgrind ucheck.valgrind, test.third check.third +utest.third ucheck.third, test.torture torturetest, utest ucheck test.utf8 +check.utf8, minitest.utf16 test.utf16, test_harness -=item UNICOS +=item Running tests by hand -=item UTS +PERL_CORE=1, PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL=2, PERL, PERL_SKIP_TTY_TEST -=item VMS +=back -=item Win32 +=item EXTERNAL TOOLS FOR DEBUGGING PERL -=item Localising a Tied Variable Leaks Memory +=over 4 -=item Self-tying of Arrays and Hashes Is Forbidden +=item Rational Software's Purify -=item Variable Attributes are not Currently Usable for Tieing +=item Purify on Unix -=item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles +-Accflags=-DPURIFY, -Doptimize='-g', -Uusemymalloc, -Dusemultiplicity -=item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental +=item Purify on NT -=item The Long Double Support is Still Experimental +DEFINES, USE_MULTI = define, #PERL_MALLOC = define, CFG = Debug -=back +=item valgrind -=item Reporting Bugs +=item Compaq's/Digital's/HP's Third Degree -=item SEE ALSO +=item PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL -=item HISTORY +=item Profiling -=back +=item Gprof Profiling -=head2 perl571delta - what's new for perl v5.7.1 +-a, -b, -e routine, -f routine, -s, -z -=over 4 +=item GCC gcov Profiling -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Pixie Profiling -=item Security Vulnerability Closed +-h, -l, -p[rocedures], -h[eavy], -i[nvocations], -l[ines], -testcoverage, +-z[ero] -=item Incompatible Changes +=item Miscellaneous tricks -=item Core Enhancements +=item CONCLUSION -=over 4 +I -=item AUTOLOAD Is Now Lvaluable +=back -=item PerlIO is Now The Default +=item AUTHOR -=item Signals Are Now Safe +=back + +=head2 perlbook - Perl book information + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION =back -=item Modules and Pragmata +=head2 perltodo - Perl TO-DO List =over 4 -=item New Modules +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata +=item assertions -=back +=item iCOW -=item Performance Enhancements +=item (?{...}) closures in regexps -=item Utility Changes +=item A re-entrant regexp engine -=item New Documentation +=item pragmata =over 4 -=item perlclib - -=item perliol +=item lexical pragmas -=item README.aix +=item use less 'memory' -=item README.bs2000 +=back -=item README.macos +=item prototypes and functions -=item README.mpeix +=over 4 -=item README.solaris +=item _ prototype character -=item README.vos +=item inlining autoloaded constants -=item Porting/repository.pod +=item Finish off lvalue functions =back -=item Installation and Configuration Improvements +=item Unicode and UTF8 =over 4 -=item New Or Improved Platforms +=item Implicit Latin 1 => Unicode translation -=item Generic Improvements +=item UTF8 caching code -d_cmsghdr, d_fcntl_can_lock, d_fsync, d_getitimer, d_getpagsz, d_msghdr_s, -need_va_copy, d_readv, d_recvmsg, d_sendmsg, sig_size, d_sockatmark, -d_strtoq, d_u32align, d_ualarm, d_usleep +=item Unicode in Filenames + +=item Unicode in %ENV =back -=item Selected Bug Fixes +=item Regexps =over 4 -=item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes +=item regexp optimiser optional + +=item common suffices/prefices in regexps (trie optimization) =back -=item New or Changed Diagnostics +=item POD -=item Changed Internals +=over 4 -=item New Tests +=item POD -> HTML conversion still sucks -=item Known Problems +=back + +=item Misc medium sized projects =over 4 -=item AIX vac 5.0.0.0 May Produce Buggy Code For Perl +=item UNITCHECK -=item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure' +=item optional optimizer -=item lib/io_multihomed Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX +=item You WANT *how* many -=item Test lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX +=item lexical aliases -=item lib/b test 19 +=item no 6 -=item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48 +=item IPv6 -=item sigaction test 13 in VMS +=item entersub XS vs Perl -=item sprintf tests 129 and 130 +=item @INC source filter to Filter::Simple -=item Failure of Thread tests +=item bincompat functions -=item Localising a Tied Variable Leaks Memory +=item Use fchown/fchmod internally -=item Self-tying of Arrays and Hashes Is Forbidden +=back -=item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles +=item Tests -=item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental +=over 4 -=back +=item Make Schwern poorer -=item Reporting Bugs +=item test B -=item SEE ALSO +=item Improve tests for Config.pm -=item HISTORY +=item common test code for timed bailout =back -=head2 perl570delta - what's new for perl v5.7.0 +=item Installation =over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item compressed man pages -=item Security Vulnerability Closed +=item Make Config.pm cope with differences between build and installed perl -=item Incompatible Changes +=item Relocatable perl -=item Core Enhancements - -=item Modules and Pragmata - -=over 4 - -=item New Modules +=item make HTML install work -=item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata +=item put patchlevel in -v =back -=item Utility Changes +=item Incremental things -=item New Documentation +=over 4 -=item Performance Enhancements +=item autovivification -=item Installation and Configuration Improvements +=item fix tainting bugs -=over 4 +=item Make tainting consistent -=item Generic Improvements +=item Dual life everything =back -=item Selected Bug Fixes +=item Vague things =over 4 -=item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes - -=back - -=item New or Changed Diagnostics +=item threads -=item Changed Internals +=item POSIX memory footprint -=item Known Problems +=item Optimize away @_ -=over 4 +=item switch ops -=item Unicode Support Still Far From Perfect +=item Attach/detach debugger from running program -=item EBCDIC Still A Lost Platform +=item A decent benchmark -=item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles +=item readpipe(LIST) -=item ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure' +=back -=item Test lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX +=back -=item Long Doubles Still Don't Work In Solaris +=head2 perldoc - Look up Perl documentation in Pod format. -=item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48 +=over 4 -=item Storable tests fail in some platforms +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Threads Are Still Experimental +=item DESCRIPTION -=item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental +=item OPTIONS -=back +B<-h>, B<-v>, B<-t>, B<-u>, B<-m> I, B<-l>, B<-F>, B<-f> +I, B<-q> I, B<-T>, B<-d> +I, B<-o> I, B<-M> I, +B<-w> I or B<-w> I

    tag), 4. end_ul() (generates +a
tag) -=item SYNOPSIS +=back -=item DESCRIPTION +=item GENERATING DYNAMIC DOCUMENTS =over 4 -=item DBM Comparisons +=item CREATING A STANDARD HTTP HEADER: -[0], [1], [2], [3] +=item GENERATING A REDIRECTION HEADER -=back +=item CREATING THE HTML DOCUMENT HEADER -=item SEE ALSO +B, 4, 5, 6.. -=back +=item ENDING THE HTML DOCUMENT: -=head2 Attribute::Handlers - Simpler definition of attribute handlers +=item CREATING A SELF-REFERENCING URL THAT PRESERVES STATE INFORMATION: -=over 4 +=item OBTAINING THE SCRIPT'S URL -=item VERSION +B<-absolute>, B<-relative>, B<-full>, B<-path> (B<-path_info>), B<-query> +(B<-query_string>), B<-base> -=item SYNOPSIS +=item MIXING POST AND URL PARAMETERS -=item DESCRIPTION +=back -[0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5] +=item CREATING STANDARD HTML ELEMENTS: =over 4 -=item Typed lexicals +=item PROVIDING ARGUMENTS TO HTML SHORTCUTS -=item Type-specific attribute handlers +=item THE DISTRIBUTIVE PROPERTY OF HTML SHORTCUTS + +=item HTML SHORTCUTS AND LIST INTERPOLATION + +=item NON-STANDARD HTML SHORTCUTS -=item Non-interpretive attribute handlers +=item AUTOESCAPING HTML -=item Phase-specific attribute handlers +$escaped_string = escapeHTML("unescaped string");, $charset = +charset([$charset]);, $flag = autoEscape([$flag]); -=item Attributes as C interfaces +=item PRETTY-PRINTING HTML =back -=item EXAMPLES - -=item DIAGNOSTICS +=item CREATING FILL-OUT FORMS: -C, C, C, C, -C, C +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR +=item CREATING AN ISINDEX TAG -=item BUGS +=item STARTING AND ENDING A FORM -=item COPYRIGHT +B, B -=back +=item CREATING A TEXT FIELD -=head2 AutoLoader - load subroutines only on demand +B -=over 4 +=item CREATING A BIG TEXT FIELD -=item SYNOPSIS +=item CREATING A PASSWORD FIELD -=item DESCRIPTION +=item CREATING A FILE UPLOAD FIELD -=over 4 +B -=item Subroutine Stubs +=item CREATING A POPUP MENU -=item Using B's AUTOLOAD Subroutine +=item CREATING AN OPTION GROUP -=item Overriding B's AUTOLOAD Subroutine +=item CREATING A SCROLLING LIST -=item Package Lexicals +B -=item Not Using AutoLoader +=item CREATING A GROUP OF RELATED CHECKBOXES -=item B vs. B +B -=back +=item CREATING A STANDALONE CHECKBOX -=item CAVEATS +B -=item SEE ALSO +=item CREATING A RADIO BUTTON GROUP -=back +B -=head2 AutoSplit - split a package for autoloading +=item CREATING A SUBMIT BUTTON -=over 4 +B -=item SYNOPSIS +=item CREATING A RESET BUTTON -=item DESCRIPTION +=item CREATING A DEFAULT BUTTON -$keep, $check, $modtime +=item CREATING A HIDDEN FIELD -=over 4 +B -=item Multiple packages +=item CREATING A CLICKABLE IMAGE BUTTON -=back +B, 3. The third option (-align, optional) is an alignment +type, and may be TOP, BOTTOM or MIDDLE -=item DIAGNOSTICS +=item CREATING A JAVASCRIPT ACTION BUTTON =back -=head2 B - The Perl Compiler +=item HTTP COOKIES -=over 4 +1. an expiration time, 2. a domain, 3. a path, 4. a "secure" flag, +B<-name>, B<-value>, B<-path>, B<-domain>, B<-expires>, B<-secure> -=item SYNOPSIS +=item WORKING WITH FRAMES -=item DESCRIPTION +1. Create a document, 2. Specify the destination for the +document in the HTTP header, 3. Specify the destination for the document in +the
tag -=item OVERVIEW OF CLASSES +=item LIMITED SUPPORT FOR CASCADING STYLE SHEETS + +=item DEBUGGING =over 4 -=item SV-RELATED CLASSES +=item DUMPING OUT ALL THE NAME/VALUE PAIRS -=item B::SV METHODS +=back -REFCNT, FLAGS +=item FETCHING ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES -=item B::IV METHODS +B, B, B, B, +B, B, B Return the script +name as a partial URL, for self-refering scripts, B, B, B, B, B, +B, B, B, B, B, B, B, B -IV, IVX, UVX, int_value, needs64bits, packiv +=item USING NPH SCRIPTS -=item B::NV METHODS +In the B statement, By calling the B method:, By using B<-nph> +parameters -NV, NVX +=item Server Push -=item B::RV METHODS +multipart_init(), multipart_start(), multipart_end(), multipart_final() -RV +=item Avoiding Denial of Service Attacks -=item B::PV METHODS +B<$CGI::POST_MAX>, B<$CGI::DISABLE_UPLOADS>, B<1. On a script-by-script +basis>, B<2. Globally for all scripts> -PV, PVX +=item COMPATIBILITY WITH CGI-LIB.PL -=item B::PVMG METHODS +=item AUTHOR INFORMATION -MAGIC, SvSTASH +=item CREDITS -=item B::MAGIC METHODS +Matt Heffron (heffron@falstaff.css.beckman.com), James Taylor +(james.taylor@srs.gov), Scott Anguish , Mike Jewell +(mlj3u@virginia.edu), Timothy Shimmin (tes@kbs.citri.edu.au), Joergen Haegg +(jh@axis.se), Laurent Delfosse (delfosse@delfosse.com), Richard Resnick +(applepi1@aol.com), Craig Bishop (csb@barwonwater.vic.gov.au), Tony Curtis +(tc@vcpc.univie.ac.at), Tim Bunce (Tim.Bunce@ig.co.uk), Tom Christiansen +(tchrist@convex.com), Andreas Koenig (k@franz.ww.TU-Berlin.DE), Tim +MacKenzie (Tim.MacKenzie@fulcrum.com.au), Kevin B. Hendricks +(kbhend@dogwood.tyler.wm.edu), Stephen Dahmen (joyfire@inxpress.net), Ed +Jordan (ed@fidalgo.net), David Alan Pisoni (david@cnation.com), Doug +MacEachern (dougm@opengroup.org), Robin Houston (robin@oneworld.org), +...and many many more.. -MOREMAGIC, PRIVATE, TYPE, FLAGS, OBJ, PTR +=item A COMPLETE EXAMPLE OF A SIMPLE FORM-BASED SCRIPT -=item B::PVLV METHODS +=item BUGS -TARGOFF, TARGLEN, TYPE, TARG +=item SEE ALSO -=item B::BM METHODS +=back -USEFUL, PREVIOUS, RARE, TABLE +=head2 CGI::Apache - Backward compatibility module for CGI.pm -=item B::GV METHODS +=over 4 -is_empty, NAME, SAFENAME, STASH, SV, IO, FORM, AV, HV, EGV, CV, CVGEN, -LINE, FILE, FILEGV, GvREFCNT, FLAGS +=item SYNOPSIS -=item B::IO METHODS +=item ABSTRACT -LINES, PAGE, PAGE_LEN, LINES_LEFT, TOP_NAME, TOP_GV, FMT_NAME, FMT_GV, -BOTTOM_NAME, BOTTOM_GV, SUBPROCESS, IoTYPE, IoFLAGS +=item DESCRIPTION -=item B::AV METHODS +=item AUTHOR INFORMATION -FILL, MAX, OFF, ARRAY, AvFLAGS +=item BUGS -=item B::CV METHODS +=item SEE ALSO -STASH, START, ROOT, GV, FILE, DEPTH, PADLIST, OUTSIDE, XSUB, XSUBANY, -CvFLAGS, const_sv +=back -=item B::HV METHODS +=head2 CGI::Carp, B - CGI routines for writing to the HTTPD (or +other) error log -FILL, MAX, KEYS, RITER, NAME, PMROOT, ARRAY +=over 4 -=item OP-RELATED CLASSES +=item SYNOPSIS -=item B::OP METHODS +=item DESCRIPTION -next, sibling, name, ppaddr, desc, targ, type, seq, flags, private +=item REDIRECTING ERROR MESSAGES -=item B::UNOP METHOD +=item MAKING PERL ERRORS APPEAR IN THE BROWSER WINDOW -first +=over 4 -=item B::BINOP METHOD +=item Changing the default message -last +=back -=item B::LOGOP METHOD +=item MAKING WARNINGS APPEAR AS HTML COMMENTS -other +=item OVERRIDING THE NAME OF THE PROGRAM -=item B::LISTOP METHOD +=item AUTHORS -children +=item SEE ALSO -=item B::PMOP METHODS +=back -pmreplroot, pmreplstart, pmnext, pmregexp, pmflags, pmpermflags, precomp +=head2 CGI::Cookie - Interface to Netscape Cookies -=item B::SVOP METHOD +=over 4 -sv, gv +=item SYNOPSIS -=item B::PADOP METHOD +=item DESCRIPTION -padix +=item USING CGI::Cookie -=item B::PVOP METHOD +B<1. expiration date>, B<2. domain>, B<3. path>, B<4. secure flag> -pv +=over 4 -=item B::LOOP METHODS +=item Creating New Cookies -redoop, nextop, lastop +=item Sending the Cookie to the Browser + +=item Recovering Previous Cookies -=item B::COP METHODS +=item Manipulating Cookies -label, stash, file, cop_seq, arybase, line +B, B, B, B, B =back -=item FUNCTIONS EXPORTED BY C +=item AUTHOR INFORMATION -main_cv, init_av, main_root, main_start, comppadlist, sv_undef, sv_yes, -sv_no, amagic_generation, walkoptree(OP, METHOD), walkoptree_debug(DEBUG), -walksymtable(SYMREF, METHOD, RECURSE, PREFIX), svref_2object(SV), -ppname(OPNUM), hash(STR), cast_I32(I), minus_c, cstring(STR), class(OBJ), -threadsv_names +=item BUGS -=item AUTHOR +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 B::Asmdata - Autogenerated data about Perl ops, used to generate -bytecode +=head2 CGI::Fast - CGI Interface for Fast CGI =over 4 @@ -7968,35 +11274,29 @@ bytecode =item DESCRIPTION -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 B::Assembler - Assemble Perl bytecode - -=over 4 +=item OTHER PIECES OF THE PUZZLE -=item SYNOPSIS +=item WRITING FASTCGI PERL SCRIPTS -=item DESCRIPTION +=item INSTALLING FASTCGI SCRIPTS -=item AUTHORS +=item USING FASTCGI SCRIPTS AS CGI SCRIPTS -=back +=item EXTERNAL FASTCGI SERVER INVOCATION -=head2 B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks +FCGI_SOCKET_PATH, FCGI_LISTEN_QUEUE -=over 4 +=item CAVEATS -=item SYNOPSIS +=item AUTHOR INFORMATION -=item DESCRIPTION +=item BUGS -=item AUTHOR +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend +=head2 CGI::Pretty - module to produce nicely formatted HTML code =over 4 @@ -8004,21 +11304,23 @@ bytecode =item DESCRIPTION -=item OPTIONS +=over 4 -B<-ofilename>, B<-afilename>, B<-->, B<-f>, B<-fcompress-nullops>, -B<-fomit-sequence-numbers>, B<-fbypass-nullops>, B<-On>, B<-D>, B<-Do>, -B<-Db>, B<-Da>, B<-DC>, B<-S>, B<-upackage> +=item Tags that won't be formatted -=item EXAMPLES +=item Customizing the Indenting + +=back =item BUGS -=item AUTHORS +=item AUTHOR + +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 B::C - Perl compiler's C backend +=head2 CGI::Push - Simple Interface to Server Push =over 4 @@ -8026,146 +11328,181 @@ B<-Db>, B<-Da>, B<-DC>, B<-S>, B<-upackage> =item DESCRIPTION -=item OPTIONS +=item USING CGI::Push -B<-ofilename>, B<-v>, B<-->, B<-uPackname>, B<-D>, B<-Do>, B<-Dc>, B<-DA>, -B<-DC>, B<-DM>, B<-f>, B<-fcog>, B<-fno-cog>, B<-On>, B<-llimit> +-next_page, -last_page, -type, -delay, -cookie, -target, -expires, -nph -=item EXAMPLES +=over 4 + +=item Heterogeneous Pages + +=item Changing the Page Delay on the Fly + +=back + +=item INSTALLING CGI::Push SCRIPTS + +=item AUTHOR INFORMATION =item BUGS -=item AUTHOR +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 B::CC - Perl compiler's optimized C translation backend +=head2 CGI::Switch - Backward compatibility module for defunct CGI::Switch =over 4 =item SYNOPSIS -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item OPTIONS +=item ABSTRACT -B<-ofilename>, B<-v>, B<-->, B<-uPackname>, B<-mModulename>, B<-D>, B<-Dr>, -B<-DO>, B<-Ds>, B<-Dp>, B<-Dq>, B<-Dl>, B<-Dt>, B<-f>, -B<-ffreetmps-each-bblock>, B<-ffreetmps-each-loop>, B<-fomit-taint>, B<-On> +=item DESCRIPTION -=item EXAMPLES +=item AUTHOR INFORMATION =item BUGS -=item DIFFERENCES +=item SEE ALSO -=over 4 +=back -=item Loops +=head2 CGI::Util - Internal utilities used by CGI module -=item Context of ".." +=over 4 -=item Arithmetic +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Deprecated features +=item DESCRIPTION -=back +=item AUTHOR INFORMATION -=item AUTHOR +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 B::Concise - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing concise info about ops +=head2 CPAN - query, download and build perl modules from CPAN sites =over 4 =item SYNOPSIS +=item STATUS + =item DESCRIPTION -=item OPTIONS +=over 4 -B<-basic>, B<-exec>, B<-tree>, B<-compact>, B<-loose>, B<-vt>, B<-ascii>, -B<-main>, B<-base>I, B<-bigendian>, B<-littleendian>, B<-concise>, -B<-terse>, B<-linenoise>, B<-debug>, B<-env> +=item Interactive Mode -=item FORMATTING SPECIFICATIONS +Searching for authors, bundles, distribution files and modules, make, test, +install, clean modules or distributions, get, readme, look module or +distribution, ls author, Signals -B<(x(>IB<;>IB<)x)>, B<(*(>IB<)*)>, -B<(*(>IB<;>IB<)*)>, B<(?(>IB<#>IIB<)?)>, -B<#>I, B<#>II, B<~>, B<#addr>, B<#arg>, B<#class>, -B<#classym>, B<#coplabel>, B<#exname>, B<#extarg>, B<#firstaddr>, -B<#flags>, B<#flagval>, B<#hyphenseq>, B<#label>, B<#lastaddr>, B<#name>, -B<#NAME>, B<#next>, B<#nextaddr>, B<#noise>, B<#private>, B<#privval>, -B<#seq>, B<#seqnum>, B<#sibaddr>, B<#svaddr>, B<#svclass>, B<#svval>, -B<#targ>, B<#targarg>, B<#targarglife>, B<#typenum> +=item CPAN::Shell -=item ABBREVIATIONS +=item autobundle -=over 4 +=item recompile -=item OP flags abbreviations +=item The four C Classes: Author, Bundle, Module, Distribution -=item OP class abbreviations +=item Programmer's interface -=back +expand($type,@things), expandany(@things), Programming Examples -=item Using B::Concise outside of the O framework +=item Methods in the other Classes -=item AUTHOR +CPAN::Author::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Author::as_string(), +CPAN::Author::email(), CPAN::Author::fullname(), CPAN::Author::name(), +CPAN::Bundle::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Bundle::as_string(), +CPAN::Bundle::clean(), CPAN::Bundle::contains(), +CPAN::Bundle::force($method,@args), CPAN::Bundle::get(), +CPAN::Bundle::inst_file(), CPAN::Bundle::inst_version(), +CPAN::Bundle::uptodate(), CPAN::Bundle::install(), CPAN::Bundle::make(), +CPAN::Bundle::readme(), CPAN::Bundle::test(), +CPAN::Distribution::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Distribution::as_string(), +CPAN::Distribution::clean(), CPAN::Distribution::containsmods(), +CPAN::Distribution::cvs_import(), CPAN::Distribution::dir(), +CPAN::Distribution::force($method,@args), CPAN::Distribution::get(), +CPAN::Distribution::install(), CPAN::Distribution::isa_perl(), +CPAN::Distribution::look(), CPAN::Distribution::make(), +CPAN::Distribution::prereq_pm(), CPAN::Distribution::readme(), +CPAN::Distribution::test(), CPAN::Distribution::uptodate(), +CPAN::Index::force_reload(), CPAN::Index::reload(), CPAN::InfoObj::dump(), +CPAN::Module::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Module::as_string(), +CPAN::Module::clean(), CPAN::Module::cpan_file(), +CPAN::Module::cpan_version(), CPAN::Module::cvs_import(), +CPAN::Module::description(), CPAN::Module::force($method,@args), +CPAN::Module::get(), CPAN::Module::inst_file(), +CPAN::Module::inst_version(), CPAN::Module::install(), +CPAN::Module::look(), CPAN::Module::make(), +CPAN::Module::manpage_headline(), CPAN::Module::readme(), +CPAN::Module::test(), CPAN::Module::uptodate(), CPAN::Module::userid() -=back +=item Cache Manager -=head2 B::Debug - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing debug info about ops +=item Bundles -=over 4 +=item Prerequisites -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Finding packages and VERSION -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Debugging -=item AUTHOR +=item Floppy, Zip, Offline Mode =back -=head2 B::Deparse - Perl compiler backend to produce perl code +=item CONFIGURATION -=over 4 +Cscalar optionE>, Cscalar optionE +EvalueE>, Clist optionE>, Clist +optionE [shift|pop]>, Clist optionE +[unshift|push|splice] ElistE> -=item SYNOPSIS +=over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Note on urllist parameter's format -=item OPTIONS +=item urllist parameter has CD-ROM support -B<-l>, B<-p>, B<-q>, B<-f>I, B<-s>I, B, BI, -B, BIB<.>, B<-x>I +=back -=item USING B::Deparse AS A MODULE +=item SECURITY -=over 4 +=item EXPORT -=item Synopsis +=item POPULATE AN INSTALLATION WITH LOTS OF MODULES -=item Description +=item WORKING WITH CPAN.pm BEHIND FIREWALLS -=item new +=over 4 -=item ambient_pragmas +=item Three basic types of firewalls -strict, $[, bytes, utf8, integer, re, warnings, hint_bits, warning_bits +http firewall, ftp firewall, One way visibility, SOCKS, IP Masquerade -=item coderef2text +=item Configuring lynx or ncftp for going through a firewall =back +=item FAQ + +1), 2), 3), 4), 5), 6), 7), 8), 9), 10) + =item BUGS =item AUTHOR +=item TRANSLATIONS + +=item SEE ALSO + =back -=head2 B::Disassembler - Disassemble Perl bytecode +=head2 CPAN::FirstTime - Utility for CPAN::Config file Initialization =over 4 @@ -8173,11 +11510,10 @@ strict, $[, bytes, utf8, integer, re, warnings, hint_bits, warning_bits =item DESCRIPTION -=item AUTHOR - =back -=head2 B::Lint - Perl lint +=head2 CPANox, CPAN::Nox - Wrapper around CPAN.pm without using any XS +module =over 4 @@ -8185,22 +11521,11 @@ strict, $[, bytes, utf8, integer, re, warnings, hint_bits, warning_bits =item DESCRIPTION -=item OPTIONS AND LINT CHECKS - -B, B and B, B, -B, B, B, B, B - -=item NON LINT-CHECK OPTIONS - -B<-u Package> - -=item BUGS - -=item AUTHOR +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 B::O, O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends +=head2 Carp, carp - warn of errors (from perspective of caller) =over 4 @@ -8208,41 +11533,43 @@ B<-u Package> =item DESCRIPTION -=item CONVENTIONS +=over 4 -=item IMPLEMENTATION +=item Forcing a Stack Trace -=item AUTHOR +=back =back -=head2 B::Showlex - Show lexical variables used in functions or files +=over 4 + +=item GLOBAL VARIABLES =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item $Carp::CarpLevel -=item DESCRIPTION +=item $Carp::MaxEvalLen -=item AUTHOR +=item $Carp::MaxArgLen -=back +=item $Carp::MaxArgNums -=head2 B::Stackobj - Helper module for CC backend +=item $Carp::Verbose -=over 4 +=back -=item SYNOPSIS +=back -=item DESCRIPTION +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR +=item BUGS =back -=head2 B::Stash - show what stashes are loaded +=head2 Carp::Heavy - heavy machinery, no user serviceable parts inside -=head2 B::Terse - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing terse info about ops +=head2 Class::ISA -- report the search path for a class's ISA tree =over 4 @@ -8250,11 +11577,21 @@ B<-u Package> =item DESCRIPTION +=item FUNCTIONS + +the function Class::ISA::super_path($CLASS), the function +Class::ISA::self_and_super_path($CLASS), the function +Class::ISA::self_and_super_versions($CLASS) + +=item CAUTIONARY NOTES + +=item COPYRIGHT + =item AUTHOR =back -=head2 B::Xref - Generates cross reference reports for Perl programs +=head2 Class::Struct - declare struct-like datatypes as Perl classes =over 4 @@ -8262,29 +11599,30 @@ B<-u Package> =item DESCRIPTION -=item OPTIONS +=over 4 -C<-oFILENAME>, C<-r>, C<-D[tO]> +=item The C function -=item BUGS +=item Class Creation at Compile Time -=item AUTHOR +=item Element Types and Accessor Methods -=back +Scalar (C<'$'> or C<'*$'>), Array (C<'@'> or C<'*@'>), Hash (C<'%'> or +C<'*%'>), Class (C<'Class_Name'> or C<'*Class_Name'>) -=head2 Bblock, B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks +=item Initializing with C -=over 4 +=back -=item SYNOPSIS +=item EXAMPLES -=item DESCRIPTION +Example 1, Example 2, Example 3 -=item AUTHOR +=item Author and Modification History =back -=head2 Benchmark - benchmark running times of Perl code +=head2 Config - access Perl configuration information =over 4 @@ -8292,399 +11630,603 @@ C<-oFILENAME>, C<-r>, C<-D[tO]> =item DESCRIPTION -=over 4 +myconfig(), config_sh(), config_re($regex), config_vars(@names) -=item Methods +=item EXAMPLE -new, debug, iters +=item WARNING -=item Standard Exports +=item GLOSSARY -timeit(COUNT, CODE), timethis ( COUNT, CODE, [ TITLE, [ STYLE ]] ), -timethese ( COUNT, CODEHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), timediff ( T1, T2 ), timestr ( -TIMEDIFF, [ STYLE, [ FORMAT ] ] ) +=over 4 -=item Optional Exports +=item _ -clearcache ( COUNT ), clearallcache ( ), cmpthese ( COUT, CODEHASHREF, [ -STYLE ] ), cmpthese ( RESULTSHASHREF ), countit(TIME, CODE), disablecache ( -), enablecache ( ), timesum ( T1, T2 ) +C<_a>, C<_exe>, C<_o> -=back +=item a -=item NOTES +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C -=item EXAMPLES +=item b -=item INHERITANCE +C, C, C, C, C, C, C -=item CAVEATS +=item c -=item SEE ALSO +C, C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C -=item AUTHORS +=item d -=item MODIFICATION HISTORY +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C -=back +=item e -=head2 ByteLoader - load byte compiled perl code +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C -=over 4 +=item f + +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C + +=item g + +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C -=item SYNOPSIS +=item h -=item DESCRIPTION +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C -=item AUTHOR +=item i -=item SEE ALSO +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C -=back +=item k -=head2 Bytecode, B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend +C, C -=over 4 +=item l -=item SYNOPSIS +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C -=item DESCRIPTION +=item m -=item OPTIONS +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C -B<-ofilename>, B<-afilename>, B<-->, B<-f>, B<-fcompress-nullops>, -B<-fomit-sequence-numbers>, B<-fbypass-nullops>, B<-On>, B<-D>, B<-Do>, -B<-Db>, B<-Da>, B<-DC>, B<-S>, B<-upackage> +=item M -=item EXAMPLES +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C -=item BUGS +=item n -=item AUTHORS +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C -=back +=item o -=head2 CGI - Simple Common Gateway Interface Class +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C -=over 4 +=item p -=item SYNOPSIS +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C -=item ABSTRACT +=item P -=item DESCRIPTION +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C -=over 4 +=item q -=item PROGRAMMING STYLE +C, C -=item CALLING CGI.PM ROUTINES +=item r -=item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT (OBJECT-ORIENTED STYLE): +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C -=item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT FROM AN INPUT FILE +=item s -=item FETCHING A LIST OF KEYWORDS FROM THE QUERY: +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C -=item FETCHING THE NAMES OF ALL THE PARAMETERS PASSED TO YOUR SCRIPT: +=item t -=item FETCHING THE VALUE OR VALUES OF A SINGLE NAMED PARAMETER: +C, C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, C, +C -=item SETTING THE VALUE(S) OF A NAMED PARAMETER: +=item u -=item APPENDING ADDITIONAL VALUES TO A NAMED PARAMETER: +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C -=item IMPORTING ALL PARAMETERS INTO A NAMESPACE: +=item v -=item DELETING A PARAMETER COMPLETELY: +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C -=item DELETING ALL PARAMETERS: +=item x -=item DIRECT ACCESS TO THE PARAMETER LIST: +C -=item FETCHING THE PARAMETER LIST AS A HASH: +=item y -=item SAVING THE STATE OF THE SCRIPT TO A FILE: +C, C -=item RETRIEVING CGI ERRORS +=item z -=item USING THE FUNCTION-ORIENTED INTERFACE +C, C -B<:cgi>, B<:form>, B<:html2>, B<:html3>, B<:netscape>, B<:html>, -B<:standard>, B<:all> +=back -=item PRAGMAS +=item NOTE --any, -compile, -nosticky, -no_undef_params, -no_xhtml, -nph, --newstyle_urls, -oldstyle_urls, -autoload, -no_debug, -debug, --private_tempfiles +=back -=item SPECIAL FORMS FOR IMPORTING HTML-TAG FUNCTIONS +=head2 Cwd - get pathname of current working directory -1. start_table() (generates a tag), 2. end_table() (generates a -
tag), 3. start_ul() (generates a
    tag), 4. end_ul() (generates -a
tag) +=over 4 -=back +=item SYNOPSIS -=item GENERATING DYNAMIC DOCUMENTS +=item DESCRIPTION =over 4 -=item CREATING A STANDARD HTTP HEADER: +=item getcwd and friends -=item GENERATING A REDIRECTION HEADER +getcwd, cwd, fastcwd, fastgetcwd, getdcwd -=item CREATING THE HTML DOCUMENT HEADER +=item abs_path and friends -B, 4, 5, 6.. +abs_path, realpath, fast_abs_path -=item ENDING THE HTML DOCUMENT: +=item $ENV{PWD} -=item CREATING A SELF-REFERENCING URL THAT PRESERVES STATE INFORMATION: +=back -=item OBTAINING THE SCRIPT'S URL +=item NOTES -B<-absolute>, B<-relative>, B<-full>, B<-path> (B<-path_info>), B<-query> -(B<-query_string>), B<-base> +=item AUTHOR -=item MIXING POST AND URL PARAMETERS +=item SEE ALSO =back -=item CREATING STANDARD HTML ELEMENTS: +=head2 DB - programmatic interface to the Perl debugging API (draft, +subject to +change) =over 4 -=item PROVIDING ARGUMENTS TO HTML SHORTCUTS +=item SYNOPSIS -=item THE DISTRIBUTIVE PROPERTY OF HTML SHORTCUTS +=item DESCRIPTION -=item HTML SHORTCUTS AND LIST INTERPOLATION +=over 4 -=item NON-STANDARD HTML SHORTCUTS +=item Global Variables -=item AUTOESCAPING HTML + $DB::sub, %DB::sub, $DB::single, $DB::signal, $DB::trace, @DB::args, +@DB::dbline, %DB::dbline, $DB::package, $DB::filename, $DB::subname, +$DB::lineno -$escaped_string = escapeHTML("unescaped string");, $charset = -charset([$charset]);, $flag = autoEscape([$flag]); +=item API Methods -=item PRETTY-PRINTING HTML +CLIENT->register(), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->skippkg('D::hide'), +CLIENT->run(), CLIENT->step(), CLIENT->next(), CLIENT->done() -=back +=item Client Callback Methods -=item CREATING FILL-OUT FORMS: +CLIENT->init(), CLIENT->prestop([STRING]), CLIENT->stop(), CLIENT->idle(), +CLIENT->poststop([STRING]), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->cleanup(), +CLIENT->output(LIST) -=over 4 +=back -=item CREATING AN ISINDEX TAG +=item BUGS -=item STARTING AND ENDING A FORM +=item AUTHOR -B, B +=back -=item CREATING A TEXT FIELD +=head2 DBM_Filter -- Filter DBM keys/values -B +=over 4 -=item CREATING A BIG TEXT FIELD +=item SYNOPSIS -=item CREATING A PASSWORD FIELD +=item DESCRIPTION -=item CREATING A FILE UPLOAD FIELD +=item What is a DBM Filter? -B +=over 4 -=item CREATING A POPUP MENU +=item So what's new? -=item CREATING A SCROLLING LIST +=back -B +=item METHODS -=item CREATING A GROUP OF RELATED CHECKBOXES +=over 4 -B +=item $db->Filter_Push() -=item CREATING A STANDALONE CHECKBOX +=item $db->Filter_Key_Push() -B +=item $db->Filter_Value_Push() -=item CREATING A RADIO BUTTON GROUP +Filter_Push, Filter_Key_Push, Filter_Value_Push -B +=item $db->Filter_Pop() -=item CREATING A SUBMIT BUTTON +=item $db->Filtered() -B +=back -=item CREATING A RESET BUTTON +=item Writing a Filter -=item CREATING A DEFAULT BUTTON +=over 4 -=item CREATING A HIDDEN FIELD +=item Immediate Filters -B +=item Canned Filters -=item CREATING A CLICKABLE IMAGE BUTTON +"name", params -B +=back -=item CREATING A JAVASCRIPT ACTION BUTTON +=item Filters Included -=back +utf8, encode, compress, int32, null -=item HTTP COOKIES +=item NOTES -1. an expiration time, 2. a domain, 3. a path, 4. a "secure" flag, -B<-name>, B<-value>, B<-path>, B<-domain>, B<-expires>, B<-secure> +=over 4 -=item WORKING WITH FRAMES +=item Maintain Round Trip Integrity -1. Create a document, 2. Specify the destination for the -document in the HTTP header, 3. Specify the destination for the document in -the tag +=item Don't mix filtered & non-filtered data in the same database file. -=item LIMITED SUPPORT FOR CASCADING STYLE SHEETS +=back -=item DEBUGGING +=item EXAMPLE -=over 4 +=item SEE ALSO -=item DUMPING OUT ALL THE NAME/VALUE PAIRS +=item AUTHOR =back -=item FETCHING ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES +=head2 DB_File - Perl5 access to Berkeley DB version 1.x -B, B, B, B, -B, B, B, B, -B, B, B, B, -B, B, B, -B, B, B, B +=over 4 -=item USING NPH SCRIPTS +=item SYNOPSIS -In the B statement, By calling the B method:, By using B<-nph> -parameters +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Server Push +B, B, B -multipart_init(), multipart_start(), multipart_end(), multipart_final() +=over 4 -=item Avoiding Denial of Service Attacks +=item Using DB_File with Berkeley DB version 2 or greater -B<$CGI::POST_MAX>, B<$CGI::DISABLE_UPLOADS>, B<1. On a script-by-script -basis>, B<2. Globally for all scripts> +=item Interface to Berkeley DB -=item COMPATIBILITY WITH CGI-LIB.PL +=item Opening a Berkeley DB Database File -=item AUTHOR INFORMATION +=item Default Parameters -=item CREDITS +=item In Memory Databases -Matt Heffron (heffron@falstaff.css.beckman.com), James Taylor -(james.taylor@srs.gov), Scott Anguish , Mike Jewell -(mlj3u@virginia.edu), Timothy Shimmin (tes@kbs.citri.edu.au), Joergen Haegg -(jh@axis.se), Laurent Delfosse (delfosse@delfosse.com), Richard Resnick -(applepi1@aol.com), Craig Bishop (csb@barwonwater.vic.gov.au), Tony Curtis -(tc@vcpc.univie.ac.at), Tim Bunce (Tim.Bunce@ig.co.uk), Tom Christiansen -(tchrist@convex.com), Andreas Koenig (k@franz.ww.TU-Berlin.DE), Tim -MacKenzie (Tim.MacKenzie@fulcrum.com.au), Kevin B. Hendricks -(kbhend@dogwood.tyler.wm.edu), Stephen Dahmen (joyfire@inxpress.net), Ed -Jordan (ed@fidalgo.net), David Alan Pisoni (david@cnation.com), Doug -MacEachern (dougm@opengroup.org), Robin Houston (robin@oneworld.org), -...and many many more.. +=back -=item A COMPLETE EXAMPLE OF A SIMPLE FORM-BASED SCRIPT +=item DB_HASH -=item BUGS +=over 4 -=item SEE ALSO +=item A Simple Example =back -=head2 CGI::Apache - Backward compatibility module for CGI.pm +=item DB_BTREE =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Changing the BTREE sort order -=item ABSTRACT +=item Handling Duplicate Keys -=item DESCRIPTION +=item The get_dup() Method -=item AUTHOR INFORMATION +=item The find_dup() Method -=item BUGS +=item The del_dup() Method -=item SEE ALSO +=item Matching Partial Keys =back -=head2 CGI::Carp, B - CGI routines for writing to the HTTPD (or -other) error log +=item DB_RECNO =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION +=item The 'bval' Option -=item REDIRECTING ERROR MESSAGES +=item A Simple Example -=item MAKING PERL ERRORS APPEAR IN THE BROWSER WINDOW +=item Extra RECNO Methods -=over 4 +B<$X-Epush(list) ;>, B<$value = $X-Epop ;>, B<$X-Eshift>, +B<$X-Eunshift(list) ;>, B<$X-Elength>, B<$X-Esplice(offset, +length, elements);> -=item Changing the default message +=item Another Example =back -=item MAKING WARNINGS APPEAR AS HTML COMMENTS +=item THE API INTERFACE + +B<$status = $X-Eget($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status = +$X-Eput($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-Edel($key [, +$flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-Efd ;>, B<$status = $X-Eseq($key, +$value, $flags) ;>, B<$status = $X-Esync([$flags]) ;> -=item CHANGE LOG +=item DBM FILTERS -=item AUTHORS +B, B, B, +B -=item SEE ALSO +=over 4 + +=item The Filter + +=item An Example -- the NULL termination problem. + +=item Another Example -- Key is a C int. =back -=head2 CGI::Cookie - Interface to Netscape Cookies +=item HINTS AND TIPS =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Locking: The Trouble with fd -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Safe ways to lock a database -=item USING CGI::Cookie +B, B, B -B<1. expiration date>, B<2. domain>, B<3. path>, B<4. secure flag> +=item Sharing Databases With C Applications -=over 4 +=item The untie() Gotcha -=item Creating New Cookies +=back -=item Sending the Cookie to the Browser +=item COMMON QUESTIONS -=item Recovering Previous Cookies +=over 4 -=item Manipulating Cookies +=item Why is there Perl source in my database? -B, B, B, B, B +=item How do I store complex data structures with DB_File? + +=item What does "Invalid Argument" mean? + +=item What does "Bareword 'DB_File' not allowed" mean? =back -=item AUTHOR INFORMATION +=item REFERENCES + +=item HISTORY =item BUGS +=item AVAILABILITY + +=item COPYRIGHT + =item SEE ALSO +=item AUTHOR + =back -=head2 CGI::Fast - CGI Interface for Fast CGI +=head2 Data::Dumper - stringified perl data structures, suitable for both +printing and C =over 4 @@ -8692,29 +12234,46 @@ B, B, B, B, B =item DESCRIPTION -=item OTHER PIECES OF THE PUZZLE +=over 4 -=item WRITING FASTCGI PERL SCRIPTS +=item Methods -=item INSTALLING FASTCGI SCRIPTS +I->new(I, I), I<$OBJ>->Dump I +I->Dump(I, I), I<$OBJ>->Seen(I<[HASHREF]>), +I<$OBJ>->Values(I<[ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Names(I<[ARRAYREF]>), +I<$OBJ>->Reset -=item USING FASTCGI SCRIPTS AS CGI SCRIPTS +=item Functions -=item EXTERNAL FASTCGI SERVER INVOCATION +Dumper(I) -FCGI_SOCKET_PATH, FCGI_LISTEN_QUEUE +=item Configuration Variables or Methods -=item CAVEATS +=item Exports -=item AUTHOR INFORMATION +Dumper + +=back + +=item EXAMPLES =item BUGS +=over 4 + +=item NOTE + +=back + +=item AUTHOR + +=item VERSION + =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 CGI::Pretty - module to produce nicely formatted HTML code +=head2 Devel::DProf - a Perl code profiler =over 4 @@ -8722,23 +12281,19 @@ FCGI_SOCKET_PATH, FCGI_LISTEN_QUEUE =item DESCRIPTION -=over 4 - -=item Tags that won't be formatted +=item PROFILE FORMAT -=item Customizing the Indenting +=item AUTOLOAD -=back +=item ENVIRONMENT =item BUGS -=item AUTHOR - =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 CGI::Push - Simple Interface to Server Push +=head2 Devel::PPPort - Perl/Pollution/Portability =over 4 @@ -8746,47 +12301,53 @@ FCGI_SOCKET_PATH, FCGI_LISTEN_QUEUE =item DESCRIPTION -=item USING CGI::Push +=over 4 --next_page, -last_page, -type, -delay, -cookie, -target, -expires, -nph +=item Why use ppport.h? -=over 4 +You should use F in modern code so that your code will work +with the widest range of Perl interpreters possible, without significant +additional work. -=item Heterogeneous Pages +=item How to use ppport.h -=item Changing the Page Delay on the Fly +=item Running ppport.h =back -=item INSTALLING CGI::Push SCRIPTS - -=item AUTHOR INFORMATION +=item FUNCTIONS -=item BUGS +=over 4 -=item SEE ALSO +=item WriteFile =back -=head2 CGI::Switch - Backward compatibility module for defunct CGI::Switch +=item COMPATIBILITY =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Provided Perl compatibility API -=item ABSTRACT +=item Perl API not supported by ppport.h -=item DESCRIPTION +perl 5.9.2, perl 5.9.1, perl 5.9.0, perl 5.8.3, perl 5.8.1, perl 5.8.0, +perl 5.7.3, perl 5.7.2, perl 5.7.1, perl 5.6.1, perl 5.6.0, perl 5.005_03, +perl 5.005, perl 5.004_05, perl 5.004_04, perl 5.004 -=item AUTHOR INFORMATION +=back =item BUGS +=item AUTHORS + +=item COPYRIGHT + =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 CGI::Util - Internal utilities used by CGI module +=head2 Devel::Peek - A data debugging tool for the XS programmer =over 4 @@ -8794,142 +12355,125 @@ FCGI_SOCKET_PATH, FCGI_LISTEN_QUEUE =item DESCRIPTION -=item AUTHOR INFORMATION +=over 4 -=item SEE ALSO +=item Runtime debugging + +=item Memory footprint debugging =back -=head2 CPAN - query, download and build perl modules from CPAN sites +=item EXAMPLES =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item A simple scalar string -=item DESCRIPTION +=item A simple scalar number -=over 4 +=item A simple scalar with an extra reference -=item Interactive Mode +=item A reference to a simple scalar -Searching for authors, bundles, distribution files and modules, make, test, -install, clean modules or distributions, get, readme, look module or -distribution, ls author, Signals +=item A reference to an array -=item CPAN::Shell +=item A reference to a hash -=item autobundle +=item Dumping a large array or hash -=item recompile +=item A reference to an SV which holds a C pointer -=item The four C Classes: Author, Bundle, Module, Distribution +=item A reference to a subroutine -=item Programmer's interface +=back -expand($type,@things), expandany(@things), Programming Examples +=item EXPORTS -=item Methods in the other Classes +=item BUGS -CPAN::Author::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Author::as_string(), -CPAN::Author::email(), CPAN::Author::fullname(), CPAN::Author::name(), -CPAN::Bundle::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Bundle::as_string(), -CPAN::Bundle::clean(), CPAN::Bundle::contains(), -CPAN::Bundle::force($method,@args), CPAN::Bundle::get(), -CPAN::Bundle::inst_file(), CPAN::Bundle::inst_version(), -CPAN::Bundle::uptodate(), CPAN::Bundle::install(), CPAN::Bundle::make(), -CPAN::Bundle::readme(), CPAN::Bundle::test(), -CPAN::Distribution::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Distribution::as_string(), -CPAN::Distribution::clean(), CPAN::Distribution::containsmods(), -CPAN::Distribution::cvs_import(), CPAN::Distribution::dir(), -CPAN::Distribution::force($method,@args), CPAN::Distribution::get(), -CPAN::Distribution::install(), CPAN::Distribution::isa_perl(), -CPAN::Distribution::look(), CPAN::Distribution::make(), -CPAN::Distribution::prereq_pm(), CPAN::Distribution::readme(), -CPAN::Distribution::test(), CPAN::Distribution::uptodate(), -CPAN::Index::force_reload(), CPAN::Index::reload(), CPAN::InfoObj::dump(), -CPAN::Module::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Module::as_string(), -CPAN::Module::clean(), CPAN::Module::cpan_file(), -CPAN::Module::cpan_version(), CPAN::Module::cvs_import(), -CPAN::Module::description(), CPAN::Module::force($method,@args), -CPAN::Module::get(), CPAN::Module::inst_file(), -CPAN::Module::inst_version(), CPAN::Module::install(), -CPAN::Module::look(), CPAN::Module::make(), -CPAN::Module::manpage_headline(), CPAN::Module::readme(), -CPAN::Module::test(), CPAN::Module::uptodate(), CPAN::Module::userid() +=item AUTHOR -=item Cache Manager +=item SEE ALSO -=item Bundles +=back -=item Prerequisites +=head2 Devel::SelfStubber - generate stubs for a SelfLoading module -=item Finding packages and VERSION +=over 4 -=item Debugging +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Floppy, Zip, Offline Mode +=item DESCRIPTION =back -=item CONFIGURATION - -Cscalar optionE>, Cscalar optionE -EvalueE>, Clist optionE>, Clist -optionE [shift|pop]>, Clist optionE -[unshift|push|splice] ElistE> +=head2 Digest - Modules that calculate message digests =over 4 -=item Note on urllist parameter's format +=item SYNOPSIS -=item urllist parameter has CD-ROM support +=item DESCRIPTION -=back +I, I, I -=item SECURITY +=item OO INTERFACE + +$ctx = Digest->XXX($arg,...), $ctx = Digest->new(XXX => $arg,...), $ctx = +Digest::XXX->new($arg,...), $other_ctx = $ctx->clone, $ctx->reset, +$ctx->add( $data, ... ), $ctx->addfile( $io_handle ), $ctx->add_bits( +$data, $nbits ), $ctx->add_bits( $bitstring ), $ctx->digest, +$ctx->hexdigest, $ctx->b64digest + +=item Digest speed + +=item SEE ALSO -=item EXPORT +=item AUTHOR -=item POPULATE AN INSTALLATION WITH LOTS OF MODULES +=back -=item WORKING WITH CPAN.pm BEHIND FIREWALLS +=head2 Digest::MD5 - Perl interface to the MD5 Algorithm =over 4 -=item Three basic types of firewalls +=item SYNOPSIS -http firewall, ftp firewall, One way visibility, SOCKS, IP Masquerade +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Configuring lynx or ncftp for going through a firewall +=item FUNCTIONS -=back +md5($data,...), md5_hex($data,...), md5_base64($data,...) -=item FAQ +=item METHODS -1), 2), 3), 4), 5), 6), 7), 8), 9), 10) +$md5 = Digest::MD5->new, $md5->reset, $md5->clone, $md5->add($data,...), +$md5->addfile($io_handle), $md5->add_bits($data, $nbits), +$md5->add_bits($bitstring), $md5->digest, $md5->hexdigest, $md5->b64digest -=item BUGS +=item EXAMPLES -=item AUTHOR +=item SEE ALSO -=item TRANSLATIONS +=item COPYRIGHT -=item SEE ALSO +=item AUTHORS =back -=head2 CPAN::FirstTime - Utility for CPAN::Config file Initialization +=head2 Digest::base - Digest base class =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item SYNPOSIS =item DESCRIPTION +=item SEE ALSO + =back -=head2 CPANox, CPAN::Nox - Wrapper around CPAN.pm without using any XS -module +=head2 DirHandle - supply object methods for directory handles =over 4 @@ -8937,11 +12481,11 @@ module =item DESCRIPTION -=item SEE ALSO +=item NOTES =back -=head2 Carp, carp - warn of errors (from perspective of caller) +=head2 Dumpvalue - provides screen dump of Perl data. =over 4 @@ -8951,17 +12495,23 @@ module =over 4 -=item Forcing a Stack Trace +=item Creation -=back +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, unctrl, subdump, bareStringify, quoteHighBit, +stopDbSignal -=item BUGS +=item Methods + +dumpValue, dumpValues, stringify, dumpvars, set_quote, set_unctrl, +compactDump, veryCompact, set, get =back -=head2 Carp::Heavy, Carp heavy machinery - no user serviceable parts inside +=back -=head2 Class::ISA -- report the search path for a class's ISA tree +=head2 DynaLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code =over 4 @@ -8969,21 +12519,18 @@ module =item DESCRIPTION -=item FUNCTIONS - -the function Class::ISA::super_path($CLASS), the function -Class::ISA::self_and_super_path($CLASS), the function -Class::ISA::self_and_super_versions($CLASS) - -=item CAUTIONARY NOTES - -=item COPYRIGHT +@dl_library_path, @dl_resolve_using, @dl_require_symbols, @dl_librefs, +@dl_modules, @dl_shared_objects, dl_error(), $dl_debug, dl_findfile(), +dl_expandspec(), dl_load_file(), dl_unload_file(), dl_load_flags(), +dl_find_symbol(), dl_find_symbol_anywhere(), dl_undef_symbols(), +dl_install_xsub(), bootstrap() =item AUTHOR =back -=head2 Class::Struct - declare struct-like datatypes as Perl classes +=head2 DynaLoader::XSLoader, XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into +Perl code =over 4 @@ -8993,315 +12540,169 @@ Class::ISA::self_and_super_versions($CLASS) =over 4 -=item The C function +=item Migration from C -=item Class Creation at Compile Time +=item Backward compatible boilerplate -=item Element Types and Accessor Methods +=back -Scalar (C<'$'> or C<'*$'>), Array (C<'@'> or C<'*@'>), Hash (C<'%'> or -C<'*%'>), Class (C<'Class_Name'> or C<'*Class_Name'>) +=item Order of initialization: early load() -=item Initializing with C +=over 4 -=back +=item The most hairy case -=item EXAMPLES +=back -Example 1, Example 2, Example 3 +=item LIMITATIONS -=item Author and Modification History +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 Config - access Perl configuration information +=head2 Encode - character encodings =over 4 =item SYNOPSIS -=item DESCRIPTION - -myconfig(), config_sh(), config_vars(@names) +=over 4 -=item EXAMPLE +=item Table of Contents -=item WARNING +=back -=item GLOSSARY +=item DESCRIPTION =over 4 -=item _ +=item TERMINOLOGY -C<_a>, C<_exe>, C<_o> +=back -=item a +=item PERL ENCODING API -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C +$octets = encode(ENCODING, $string [, CHECK]), $string = decode(ENCODING, +$octets [, CHECK]), [$length =] from_to($octets, FROM_ENC, TO_ENC [, +CHECK]), $octets = encode_utf8($string);, $string = decode_utf8($octets [, +CHECK]); -=item b +=over 4 -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C +=item Listing available encodings -=item c +=item Defining Aliases -C, C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C +=back -=item d +=item Encoding via PerlIO -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C +=item Handling Malformed Data -=item e +B Not all encoding suppport this feature, I = +Encode::FB_DEFAULT ( == 0), I = Encode::FB_CROAK ( == 1), I = +Encode::FB_QUIET, I = Encode::FB_WARN, perlqq mode (I = +Encode::FB_PERLQQ), HTML charref mode (I = Encode::FB_HTMLCREF), XML +charref mode (I = Encode::FB_XMLCREF), The bitmask -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C +=over 4 -=item f +=item Unimplemented fallback schemes -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C +=back -=item g +=item Defining Encodings -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C +=item The UTF-8 flag -=item h +Goal #1:, Goal #2:, Goal #3:, Goal #4: -C, C, C, C +=over 4 -=item i +=item Messing with Perl's Internals -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C +is_utf8(STRING [, CHECK]), _utf8_on(STRING), _utf8_off(STRING) -=item k +=back -C, C +=item SEE ALSO -=item l +=item MAINTAINER -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C +=back -=item m +=head2 Encode::Alias - alias definitions to encodings -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C +=over 4 -=item M +=item SYNOPSIS -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C +=item DESCRIPTION -=item n +As a simple string, As a qr// compiled regular expression, e.g.:, As a code +reference, e.g.: -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C +=over 4 -=item o +=item Alias overloading -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C +=back -=item p +=item SEE ALSO -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C +=back -=item P +=head2 Encode::Byte - Single Byte Encodings -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C +=over 4 -=item q +=item SYNOPSIS -C, C +=item ABSTRACT -=item r +=item DESCRIPTION -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C +=item SEE ALSO -=item s +=back -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C +=head2 Encode::CJKConstants -- Internally used by Encode::??::ISO_2022_* -=item t +=head2 Encode::CN - China-based Chinese Encodings -C, C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C +=over 4 -=item u +=item SYNOPSIS -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C +=item DESCRIPTION -=item v +=item NOTES -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C, C, C +=item BUGS -=item x +=item SEE ALSO -C, C +=back -=item y +=head2 Encode::CN::HZ -- internally used by Encode::CN -C, C +=head2 Encode::Config -- internally used by Encode -=item z +=head2 Encode::EBCDIC - EBCDIC Encodings -C, C +=over 4 -=back +=item SYNOPSIS -=item NOTE +=item ABSTRACT + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 Cwd - get pathname of current working directory +=head2 Encode::Encoding - Encode Implementation Base Class =over 4 @@ -9311,255 +12712,290 @@ C, C =over 4 -=item getcwd and friends +=item Methods you should implement -getcwd, cwd, fastcwd, fastgetcwd +-Eencode($string [,$check]), -Edecode($octets [,$check]), +-Ecat_decode($destination, $octets, $offset, $terminator [,$check]) -=item abs_path and friends +=item Other methods defined in Encode::Encodings -abs_path, realpath, fast_abs_path +-Ename, -Erenew, -Erenewed, -Eperlio_ok(), +-Eneeds_lines() -=item $ENV{PWD} +=item Example: Encode::ROT13 + +=back + +=item Why the heck Encode API is different? + +=over 4 + +=item Compiled Encodings + +=back + +=item SEE ALSO + +Scheme 1, Scheme 2, Other Schemes + +=back + +=head2 Encode::Guess -- Guesses encoding from data + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item ABSTRACT + +=item DESCRIPTION + +Encode::Guess->set_suspects, Encode::Guess->add_suspects, +Encode::decode("Guess" ...), Encode::Guess->guess($data), +guess_encoding($data, [, I]) -=back +=item CAVEATS -=item NOTES +=item TO DO =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 DB - programmatic interface to the Perl debugging API (draft, -subject to -change) +=head2 Encode::JP - Japanese Encodings =over 4 =item SYNOPSIS +=item ABSTRACT + =item DESCRIPTION -=over 4 +=item Note on ISO-2022-JP(-1)? -=item Global Variables +=item BUGS - $DB::sub, %DB::sub, $DB::single, $DB::signal, $DB::trace, @DB::args, -@DB::dbline, %DB::dbline, $DB::package, $DB::filename, $DB::subname, -$DB::lineno +=item SEE ALSO -=item API Methods +=back -CLIENT->register(), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->skippkg('D::hide'), -CLIENT->run(), CLIENT->step(), CLIENT->next(), CLIENT->done() +=head2 Encode::JP::H2Z -- internally used by Encode::JP::2022_JP* -=item Client Callback Methods +=head2 Encode::JP::JIS7 -- internally used by Encode::JP -CLIENT->init(), CLIENT->prestop([STRING]), CLIENT->stop(), CLIENT->idle(), -CLIENT->poststop([STRING]), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->cleanup(), -CLIENT->output(LIST) +=head2 Encode::KR - Korean Encodings -=back +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION =item BUGS -=item AUTHOR +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 DB_File - Perl5 access to Berkeley DB version 1.x +=head2 Encode::KR::2022_KR -- internally used by Encode::KR + +=head2 Encode::MIME::Header -- MIME 'B' and 'Q' header encoding =over 4 =item SYNOPSIS -=item DESCRIPTION +=item ABSTRACT -B, B, B +=item DESCRIPTION -=over 4 +=item BUGS -=item Using DB_File with Berkeley DB version 2 or greater +=item SEE ALSO -=item Interface to Berkeley DB +=back -=item Opening a Berkeley DB Database File +=head2 Encode::PerlIO -- a detailed document on Encode and PerlIO -=item Default Parameters +=over 4 -=item In Memory Databases +=item Overview -=back +=item How does it work? -=item DB_HASH +=item Line Buffering =over 4 -=item A Simple Example +=item How can I tell whether my encoding fully supports PerlIO ? =back -=item DB_BTREE - -=over 4 +=item SEE ALSO -=item Changing the BTREE sort order +=back -=item Handling Duplicate Keys +=head2 Encode::Supported -- Encodings supported by Encode -=item The get_dup() Method +=over 4 -=item The find_dup() Method +=item DESCRIPTION -=item The del_dup() Method +=over 4 -=item Matching Partial Keys +=item Encoding Names =back -=item DB_RECNO +=item Supported Encodings =over 4 -=item The 'bval' Option +=item Built-in Encodings -=item A Simple Example +=item Encode::Unicode -- other Unicode encodings -=item Extra RECNO Methods +=item Encode::Byte -- Extended ASCII -B<$X-Epush(list) ;>, B<$value = $X-Epop ;>, B<$X-Eshift>, -B<$X-Eunshift(list) ;>, B<$X-Elength>, B<$X-Esplice(offset, -length, elements);> +ISO-8859 and corresponding vendor mappings, KOI8 - De Facto Standard for +the Cyrillic world, gsm0338 - Hentai Latin 1 -=item Another Example +=item CJK: Chinese, Japanese, Korean (Multibyte) + +Encode::CN -- Continental China, Encode::JP -- Japan, Encode::KR -- Korea, +Encode::TW -- Taiwan, Encode::HanExtra -- More Chinese via CPAN, +Encode::JIS2K -- JIS X 0213 encodings via CPAN + +=item Miscellaneous encodings + +Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Symbols, Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::Guess =back -=item THE API INTERFACE +=item Unsupported encodings -B<$status = $X-Eget($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status = -$X-Eput($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-Edel($key [, -$flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-Efd ;>, B<$status = $X-Eseq($key, -$value, $flags) ;>, B<$status = $X-Esync([$flags]) ;> + ISO-2022-JP-2 [RFC1554], ISO-2022-CN [RFC1922], Various HP-UX encodings, +Cyrillic encoding ISO-IR-111, ISO-8859-8-1 [Hebrew], ISIRI 3342, Iran +System, ISIRI 2900 [Farsi], Thai encoding TCVN, Vietnamese encodings VPS, +Various Mac encodings, (Mac) Indic encodings -=item DBM FILTERS +=item Encoding vs. Charset -- terminology -B, B, B, -B +=item Encoding Classification (by Anton Tagunov and Dan Kogai) =over 4 -=item The Filter - -=item An Example -- the NULL termination problem. +=item Microsoft-related naming mess -=item Another Example -- Key is a C int. +KS_C_5601-1987, GB2312, Big5, Shift_JIS =back -=item HINTS AND TIPS +=item Glossary + +character repertoire, coded character set (CCS), character encoding scheme +(CES), charset (in MIME context), EUC, ISO-2022, UCS, UCS-2, Unicode, UTF, +UTF-16 + +=item See Also + +=item References + +ECMA, ECMA-035 (eq C), IANA, Assigned Charset Names by IANA, ISO, +RFC, UC, Unicode Glossary =over 4 -=item Locking: The Trouble with fd +=item Other Notable Sites -=item Safe ways to lock a database +czyborra.com, CJK.inf, Jungshik Shin's Hangul FAQ, debian.org: +"Introduction to i18n" -B, B, B +=item Offline sources -=item Sharing Databases With C Applications +C by Ken Lunde -=item The untie() Gotcha +=back =back -=item COMMON QUESTIONS +=head2 Encode::Symbol - Symbol Encodings =over 4 -=item Why is there Perl source in my database? +=item SYNOPSIS -=item How do I store complex data structures with DB_File? +=item ABSTRACT -=item What does "Invalid Argument" mean? +=item DESCRIPTION -=item What does "Bareword 'DB_File' not allowed" mean? +=item SEE ALSO =back -=item REFERENCES +=head2 Encode::TW - Taiwan-based Chinese Encodings -=item HISTORY +=over 4 -=item BUGS +=item SYNOPSIS -=item AVAILABILITY +=item DESCRIPTION -=item COPYRIGHT +=item NOTES -=item SEE ALSO +=item BUGS -=item AUTHOR +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 Data::Dumper - stringified perl data structures, suitable for both -printing and C +=head2 Encode::Unicode -- Various Unicode Transformation Formats =over 4 =item SYNOPSIS -=item DESCRIPTION +=item ABSTRACT -=over 4 +L says:, Quick Reference -=item Methods +=item Size, Endianness, and BOM -I->new(I, I), I<$OBJ>->Dump I -I->Dump(I, I), I<$OBJ>->Seen(I<[HASHREF]>), -I<$OBJ>->Values(I<[ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Names(I<[ARRAYREF]>), -I<$OBJ>->Reset +=over 4 -=item Functions +=item by size -Dumper(I) +=item by endianness -=item Configuration Variables or Methods +BOM as integer when fetched in network byte order -$Data::Dumper::Indent I I<$OBJ>->Indent(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Purity I I<$OBJ>->Purity(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Pad I I<$OBJ>->Pad(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Varname I I<$OBJ>->Varname(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Useqq I I<$OBJ>->Useqq(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Terse I I<$OBJ>->Terse(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Freezer I $I->Freezer(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Toaster I $I->Toaster(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Deepcopy I $I->Deepcopy(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Quotekeys I $I->Quotekeys(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Bless I $I->Bless(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Maxdepth I $I->Maxdepth(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Useperl I $I->Useperl(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Sortkeys I $I->Sortkeys(I<[NEWVAL]>) +=back -=item Exports +=item Surrogate Pairs -Dumper +=item Error Checking + +=item SEE ALSO =back -=item EXAMPLES +=head2 Encode::Unicode::UTF7 -- UTF-7 encoding -=item BUGS +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR +=item SYNOPSIS -=item VERSION +=item ABSTRACT + +=item In Practice =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 Devel::DProf - a Perl code profiler +=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Alias, Encode::Alias - alias definitions to +encodings =over 4 @@ -9567,19 +13003,30 @@ Dumper =item DESCRIPTION -=item PROFILE FORMAT +As a simple string, As a qr// compiled regular expression, e.g.:, As a code +reference, e.g.: -=item AUTOLOAD +=over 4 -=item ENVIRONMENT +=item Alias overloading -=item BUGS +=back =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 Devel::Peek - A data debugging tool for the XS programmer +=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::CJKConstants, Encode::CJKConstants.pm -- +Internally used by Encode::??::ISO_2022_* + +=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::CN::HZ, Encode::CN::HZ -- internally used by +Encode::CN + +=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Config, Encode::Config -- internally used by +Encode + +=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Encoding, Encode::Encoding - Encode +Implementation Base Class =over 4 @@ -9589,290 +13036,325 @@ Dumper =over 4 -=item Memory footprint debugging +=item Methods you should implement + +-Eencode($string [,$check]), -Edecode($octets [,$check]), +-Ecat_decode($destination, $octets, $offset, $terminator [,$check]) + +=item Other methods defined in Encode::Encodings + +-Ename, -Erenew, -Erenewed, -Eperlio_ok(), +-Eneeds_lines() + +=item Example: Encode::ROT13 =back -=item EXAMPLES +=item Why the heck Encode API is different? =over 4 -=item A simple scalar string +=item Compiled Encodings -=item A simple scalar number +=back -=item A simple scalar with an extra reference +=item SEE ALSO -=item A reference to a simple scalar +Scheme 1, Scheme 2, Other Schemes -=item A reference to an array +=back -=item A reference to a hash +=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Guess, Encode::Guess -- Guesses encoding from +data -=item Dumping a large array or hash +=over 4 -=item A reference to an SV which holds a C pointer +=item SYNOPSIS -=item A reference to a subroutine +=item ABSTRACT -=back +=item DESCRIPTION -=item EXPORTS +Encode::Guess->set_suspects, Encode::Guess->add_suspects, +Encode::decode("Guess" ...), Encode::Guess->guess($data), +guess_encoding($data, [, I]) -=item BUGS +=item CAVEATS -=item AUTHOR +=item TO DO =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 Devel::SelfStubber - generate stubs for a SelfLoading module +=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::JP::H2Z, Encode::JP::H2Z -- internally used by +Encode::JP::2022_JP* + +=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::JP::JIS7, Encode::JP::JIS7 -- internally used +by Encode::JP + +=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::KR::2022_KR, Encode::KR::2022_KR -- internally +used by Encode::KR + +=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::MIME::Header -- MIME 'B' +and 'Q' header encoding =over 4 =item SYNOPSIS +=item ABSTRACT + =item DESCRIPTION +=item BUGS + +=item SEE ALSO + =back -=head2 Digest:: - Modules that calculate message digests +=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::PerlIO, Encode::PerlIO -- a detailed document +on Encode and PerlIO =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Overview -=item DESCRIPTION +=item How does it work? -I, I, I +=item Line Buffering -=item OO INTERFACE +=over 4 -$ctx = Digest->XXX($arg,...), $ctx = Digest->new(XXX => $arg,...), $ctx = -Digest::XXX->new($arg,...), $ctx->reset, $ctx->add($data,...), -$ctx->addfile($io_handle), $ctx->digest, $ctx->hexdigest, $ctx->b64digest +=item How can I tell whether my encoding fully supports PerlIO ? -=item SEE ALSO +=back -=item AUTHOR +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 Digest::MD5 - Perl interface to the MD5 Algorithm +=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Supported, Encode::Supported -- Encodings +supported by Encode =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS - =item DESCRIPTION -=item FUNCTIONS - -md5($data,...), md5_hex($data,...), md5_base64($data,...) +=over 4 -=item METHODS +=item Encoding Names -$md5 = Digest::MD5->new, $md5->reset, $md5->add($data,...), -$md5->addfile($io_handle), $md5->digest, $md5->hexdigest, $md5->b64digest +=back -=item EXAMPLES +=item Supported Encodings -=item SEE ALSO +=over 4 -=item COPYRIGHT +=item Built-in Encodings -=item AUTHORS +=item Encode::Unicode -- other Unicode encodings -=back +=item Encode::Byte -- Extended ASCII -=head2 DirHandle - supply object methods for directory handles +ISO-8859 and corresponding vendor mappings, KOI8 - De Facto Standard for +the Cyrillic world, gsm0338 - Hentai Latin 1 -=over 4 +=item CJK: Chinese, Japanese, Korean (Multibyte) -=item SYNOPSIS +Encode::CN -- Continental China, Encode::JP -- Japan, Encode::KR -- Korea, +Encode::TW -- Taiwan, Encode::HanExtra -- More Chinese via CPAN, +Encode::JIS2K -- JIS X 0213 encodings via CPAN -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Miscellaneous encodings -=item NOTES +Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Symbols, Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::Guess =back -=head2 Dumpvalue - provides screen dump of Perl data. +=item Unsupported encodings -=over 4 + ISO-2022-JP-2 [RFC1554], ISO-2022-CN [RFC1922], Various HP-UX encodings, +Cyrillic encoding ISO-IR-111, ISO-8859-8-1 [Hebrew], ISIRI 3342, Iran +System, ISIRI 2900 [Farsi], Thai encoding TCVN, Vietnamese encodings VPS, +Various Mac encodings, (Mac) Indic encodings -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Encoding vs. Charset -- terminology -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Encoding Classification (by Anton Tagunov and Dan Kogai) =over 4 -=item Creation +=item Microsoft-related naming mess -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, unctrl, subdump, bareStringify, quoteHighBit, -stopDbSignal +KS_C_5601-1987, GB2312, Big5, Shift_JIS -=item Methods +=back -dumpValue, dumpValues, dumpvars, set_quote, set_unctrl, compactDump, -veryCompact, set, get +=item Glossary -=back +character repertoire, coded character set (CCS), character encoding scheme +(CES), charset (in MIME context), EUC, ISO-2022, UCS, UCS-2, Unicode, UTF, +UTF-16 -=back +=item See Also -=head2 DynaLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code +=item References + +ECMA, ECMA-035 (eq C), IANA, Assigned Charset Names by IANA, ISO, +RFC, UC, Unicode Glossary =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Other Notable Sites -=item DESCRIPTION +czyborra.com, CJK.inf, Jungshik Shin's Hangul FAQ, debian.org: +"Introduction to i18n" -@dl_library_path, @dl_resolve_using, @dl_require_symbols, @dl_librefs, -@dl_modules, dl_error(), $dl_debug, dl_findfile(), dl_expandspec(), -dl_load_file(), dl_unload_file(), dl_loadflags(), dl_find_symbol(), -dl_find_symbol_anywhere(), dl_undef_symbols(), dl_install_xsub(), -bootstrap() +=item Offline sources -=item AUTHOR +C by Ken Lunde + +=back =back -=head2 DynaLoader::XSLoader, XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into -Perl code +=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Unicode::UTF7, Encode::Unicode::UTF7 -- UTF-7 +encoding =over 4 =item SYNOPSIS -=item DESCRIPTION +=item ABSTRACT -=item AUTHOR +=item In Practice + +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 Encode - character encodings +=head2 Encode::lib::Encoder, Encode::Encoder -- Object Oriented Encoder =over 4 =item SYNOPSIS -=item DESCRIPTION +=item ABSTRACT + +=item Description =over 4 -=item TERMINOLOGY +=item Predefined Methods -=back +$e = Encode::Encoder-Enew([$data, $encoding]);, encoder(), +$e-Edata([$data]), $e-Eencoding([$encoding]), +$e-Ebytes([$encoding]) -=item ENCODINGS +=item Example: base64 transcoder -=over 4 +=item Operator Overloading -=item Characteristics of an Encoding +=back -=item Types of Encodings +=item SEE ALSO -Fixed length 8-bit (or less) encodings, Fixed length 16-bit encodings, -Fixed length 32-bit encodings, Multi-byte encodings, "Escape" encodings +=back -=item Specifying Encodings +=head2 Encodencoding, encoding - allows you to write your script in +non-ascii or non-utf8 -1. By name, 2. As an object +=over 4 -=item Encoding Names +=item SYNOPSIS -The MIME name as defined in IETF RFC-XXXX, The name in the IANA registry, -The name used by the the organization that defined it +=item ABSTRACT -=back +=over 4 -=item PERL ENCODING API +=item Literal Conversions -=over 4 +=item PerlIO layers for C -=item Generic Encoding Interface +=item Implicit upgrading for byte strings -=item Handling Malformed Data +=back -Scheme 1, Scheme 2, Other Schemes +=item FEATURES THAT REQUIRE 5.8.1 -=item UTF-8 / utf8 +"NON-EUC" doublebyte encodings, tr//, DATA pseudo-filehandle -=item Other Encodings of Unicode +=item USAGE -=item Listing available encodings +use encoding [I] ;, use encoding I [ STDIN =E +I ...] ;, use encoding I Filter=E1;, no encoding; -=item Defining Aliases +=item The Filter Option -As a simple string, As a qr// compiled regular expression, e.g.:, As a code -reference, e.g.: +=over 4 -=item Defining Encodings +=item Filter-related changes at Encode version 1.87 =back -=item Encoding and IO +=item CAVEATS + +=over 4 -=item Encoding How to ... +=item NOT SCOPED -IO with mixed content (faking iso-2020-*), MIME's Content-Length:, UTF-8 -strings in binary data, Perl/Encode wrappers on non-Unicode XS modules +=item DO NOT MIX MULTIPLE ENCODINGS -=item Messing with Perl's Internals +=item tr/// with ranges -is_utf8(STRING [, CHECK]), valid_utf8(STRING) +Legend of characters above -=item IMPLEMENTATION CLASSES +=back --Ename, -Enew_sequence, -Eencode($string,$check), --Edecode($octets,$check) +=item EXAMPLE - Greekperl -=over 4 +=item KNOWN PROBLEMS -=item Compiled Encodings +literals in regex that are longer than 127 bytes, EBCDIC, format -.enc, .ucm, .ucm, .c, .xs, ascii and iso-8859-*, IBM-1047 and two other -variants of EBCDIC, symbol and dingbats as used by Tk on X11 +=over 4 + +=item The Logic of :locale =back +=item HISTORY + =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 Encode::EncodeFormat, EncodeFormat - the format of encoding tables -of the Encode extension +=head2 Encoder, Encode::Encoder -- Object Oriented Encoder =over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION - -[1] B, [2] B, [3] B, [4] B - -=item KEYWORDS +=item SYNOPSIS -=item COPYRIGHT +=item ABSTRACT -=back +=item Description -=head2 Encode::Tcl - Tcl encodings +=over 4 -=head2 EncodeFormat - the format of encoding tables of the Encode extension +=item Predefined Methods -=over 4 +$e = Encode::Encoder-Enew([$data, $encoding]);, encoder(), +$e-Edata([$data]), $e-Eencoding([$encoding]), +$e-Ebytes([$encoding]) -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Example: base64 transcoder -[1] B, [2] B, [3] B, [4] B +=item Operator Overloading -=item KEYWORDS +=back -=item COPYRIGHT +=item SEE ALSO =back @@ -9904,6 +13386,22 @@ arrays =back +=head2 Errno - System errno constants + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item CAVEATS + +=item AUTHOR + +=item COPYRIGHT + +=back + =head2 Exporter - Implements default import method for modules =over 4 @@ -9918,9 +13416,21 @@ arrays =item Selecting What To Export +=item How to Import + +C, C, C + +=back + +=item Advanced features + +=over 4 + =item Specialised Import Lists -=item Exporting without using Export's import method +=item Exporting without using Exporter's import method + +=item Exporting without inheriting from Exporter =item Module Version Checking @@ -9928,6 +13438,10 @@ arrays =item Tag Handling Utility Functions +=item Generating combined tags + +=item Ced Constants + =back =back @@ -9936,7 +13450,7 @@ arrays =over 4 -=item SYNOPIS +=item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION @@ -9973,6 +13487,8 @@ mkpath directory.. test_f file +dos2unix + =over 4 =item BUGS @@ -9983,6 +13499,26 @@ test_f file =back +=head2 ExtUtils::Command::MM - Commands for the MM's to use in Makefiles + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +B + +=back + +B + +B + +B + +B + =head2 ExtUtils::Constant - generate XS code to import C header constants =over 4 @@ -10001,6 +13537,8 @@ IV, UV, NV, PV, PVN, SV, YES, NO, UNDEF C_stringify NAME +perl_stringify NAME + constant_types memEQ_clause NAME, CHECKED_AT, INDENT @@ -10018,7 +13556,7 @@ dump_names dogfood C_constant, name, type, value, macro, default, pre, post, def_pre =item -def_post +def_post, utf8 XS_constant PACKAGE, TYPES, SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME @@ -10050,15 +13588,206 @@ BREAKOUT_AT, NAMES, C_FILE, XS_FILE, SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME xsinit(), Examples, ldopts(), Examples, perl_inc(), ccflags(), ccdlflags(), ccopts(), xsi_header(), xsi_protos(@modules), xsi_body(@modules) -=item EXAMPLES +=item EXAMPLES + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 ExtUtils::Install - install files from here to there + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Functions + +B + +=back + +=back + +B I + +B + +B + +_autosplit + +=over 4 + +=item ENVIRONMENT + +B + +=item AUTHOR + +=item LICENSE + +=back + +=head2 ExtUtils::Installed - Inventory management of installed modules + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item USAGE + +=item FUNCTIONS + +new(), modules(), files(), directories(), directory_tree(), validate(), +packlist(), version() + +=item EXAMPLE + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 ExtUtils::Liblist - determine libraries to use and how to use them + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +For static extensions, For dynamic extensions at build/link time, For +dynamic extensions at load time + +=over 4 + +=item EXTRALIBS + +=item LDLOADLIBS and LD_RUN_PATH + +=item BSLOADLIBS + +=back + +=item PORTABILITY + +=over 4 + +=item VMS implementation + +=item Win32 implementation + +=back + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 ExtUtils::MM - OS adjusted ExtUtils::MakeMaker subclass + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=back + +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Any - Platform-agnostic MM methods + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item Inherently Cross-Platform Methods + +installvars + +=back + +os_flavor_is + +blibdirs_target (o) + +=over 4 + +=item File::Spec wrappers + +catfile + +=back + +=over 4 + +=item Thought To Be Cross-Platform Methods + +B + +=back + +B + +init_VERSION + +wraplist + +manifypods + +manifypods_target + +makemakerdflt_target + +special_targets + +POD2MAN_macro + +test_via_harness + +test_via_script + +libscan + +tool_autosplit + +all_target + +metafile_target + +signature_target + +metafile_addtomanifest_target + +signature_addtomanifest_target + +=over 4 + +=item Abstract methods + +oneliner, B, B, max_exec_len, +B, init_DIRFILESEP, init_linker, init_platform, +platform_constants + +=back -=item SEE ALSO +os_flavor + +=over 4 =item AUTHOR =back -=head2 ExtUtils::Install - install files from here to there +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_BeOS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in +ExtUtils::MakeMaker =over 4 @@ -10068,7 +13797,12 @@ ccopts(), xsi_header(), xsi_protos(@modules), xsi_body(@modules) =back -=head2 ExtUtils::Installed - Inventory management of installed modules +os_flavor (o) + +init_linker + +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin - methods to override UN*X behaviour in +ExtUtils::MakeMaker =over 4 @@ -10076,20 +13810,17 @@ ccopts(), xsi_header(), xsi_protos(@modules), xsi_body(@modules) =item DESCRIPTION -=item USAGE - -=item FUNCTIONS +os_flavor (o) -new(), modules(), files(), directories(), directory_tree(), validate(), -packlist(), version() +=back -=item EXAMPLE +cflags (o) -=item AUTHOR +replace_manpage_separator (o) -=back +init_linker -=head2 ExtUtils::Liblist - determine libraries to use and how to use them +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_DOS - DOS specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix =over 4 @@ -10097,33 +13828,27 @@ packlist(), version() =item DESCRIPTION -For static extensions, For dynamic extensions, For dynamic extensions - =over 4 -=item EXTRALIBS +=item Overridden methods -=item LDLOADLIBS and LD_RUN_PATH +os_flavor -=item BSLOADLIBS +=back =back -=item PORTABILITY +B =over 4 -=item VMS implementation - -=item Win32 implementation - -=back +=item AUTHOR =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin - methods to override UN*X behaviour in +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_MacOS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker =over 4 @@ -10132,56 +13857,68 @@ ExtUtils::MakeMaker =item DESCRIPTION -canonpath, cflags, manifypods, perl_archive - =back -=head2 ExtUtils::MM_NW5 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in -ExtUtils::MakeMaker +maybe_command -=over 4 +guess_name -=item SYNOPSIS +macify -=item DESCRIPTION +patternify -=back +init_main -catfile +init_others -constants (o) +init_platform, platform_constants -static_lib (o) +init_dirscan -dynamic_bs (o) +init_VERSION (o) -dynamic_lib (o) +special_targets (o) -canonpath +static (o) -perl_script +dlsyms (o) -pm_to_blib +dynamic (o) -test_via_harness (o) +clean (o) -tool_autosplit (override) +clean_subdirs_target -tools_other (o) +realclean (o) -xs_o (o) +realclean_subdirs_target -top_targets (o) +rulez (o) -htmlifypods (o) +processPL (o) -manifypods (o) +os_flavor -dist_ci (o) +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_NW5 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in +ExtUtils::MakeMaker -dist_core (o) +=over 4 -pasthru (o) +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=back + +os_flavor + +init_platform (o), platform_constants + +const_cccmd (o) + +static_lib (o) + +dynamic_lib (o) =head2 ExtUtils::MM_OS2 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker @@ -10194,11 +13931,15 @@ ExtUtils::MakeMaker =item METHODS +init_dist (o) + =back -perl_archive_after +init_linker -=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Unix - methods used by ExtUtils::MakeMaker +os_flavor + +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_UWIN - U/WIN specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix =over 4 @@ -10206,40 +13947,54 @@ perl_archive_after =item DESCRIPTION -=item METHODS - =over 4 -=item Preloaded methods +=item Overridden methods -canonpath +os_flavor =back =back -catdir +B -catfile +=over 4 -curdir +=item AUTHOR -rootdir +=item SEE ALSO -updir +=back + +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Unix - methods used by ExtUtils::MakeMaker =over 4 -=item SelfLoaded methods +=item SYNOPSIS -c_o (o) +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item METHODS + +=back + +=over 4 + +=item Methods + +os_flavor (o) =back +c_o (o) + cflags (o) clean (o) +clean_subdirs_target + const_cccmd (o) const_config (o) @@ -10250,7 +14005,11 @@ constants (o) depend (o) -dir_target (o) +dir_target B + +init_DEST + +init_dist dist (o) @@ -10260,9 +14019,23 @@ dist_ci (o) dist_core (o) -dist_dir (o) +B + +B + +B -dist_test (o) +B + +zipfile_target + +uutardist_target + +shdist_target + +distdir + +dist_test dlsyms (o) @@ -10276,10 +14049,10 @@ exescan extliblist -file_name_is_absolute - find_perl +find_tests + =over 4 =item Methods to actually produce chunks of text for the Makefile @@ -10294,20 +14067,34 @@ guess_name has_link_code -htmlifypods (o) - init_dirscan +init_DIRFILESEP + init_main init_others +init_INST + +init_INSTALL + +init_linker + +init_lib2arch + +init_PERL + +init_platform (o), platform_constants (o) + +init_PERM + +init_xs + install (o) installbin (o) -libscan (o) - linkext (o) lsdir @@ -10318,30 +14105,22 @@ makeaperl (o) makefile (o) -manifypods (o) - maybe_command -maybe_command_in_dirs - needs_linking (o) nicetext -parse_version - parse_abstract -pasthru (o) +parse_version -path +pasthru (o) perl_script perldepend (o) -ppd - perm_rw (o) perm_rwx (o) @@ -10354,14 +14133,28 @@ post_initialize (o) postamble (o) +ppd + prefixify processPL (o) +quote_paren + realclean (o) +realclean_subdirs_target + replace_manpage_separator +oneliner (o) + +quote_literal + +escape_newlines + +max_exec_len + static (o) static_lib (o) @@ -10374,16 +14167,16 @@ subdirs (o) test (o) -test_via_harness (o) - -test_via_script (o) +test_via_harness (override) -tool_autosplit (o) +test_via_script (override) tools_other (o) tool_xsubpp (o) +all_target + top_targets (o) writedoc @@ -10394,12 +14187,6 @@ xs_cpp (o) xs_o (o) -perl_archive - -perl_archive_after - -export_list - =over 4 =item SEE ALSO @@ -10425,11 +14212,9 @@ wraplist =back -rootdir (override) - =over 4 -=item SelfLoaded methods +=item Methods guess_name (override) @@ -10437,37 +14222,39 @@ guess_name (override) find_perl (override) -path (override) - maybe_command (override) -maybe_command_in_dirs (override) - perl_script (override) -file_name_is_absolute (override) - replace_manpage_separator +init_DEST + +init_DIRFILESEP + +init_main (override) + init_others (override) +init_platform (override) + +platform_constants + +init_VERSION (override) + constants (override) +special_targets + cflags (override) const_cccmd (override) -pm_to_blib (override) - -tool_autosplit (override) - tool_sxubpp (override) -xsubpp_version (override) - tools_other (override) -dist (override) +init_dist (override) c_o (override) @@ -10475,8 +14262,6 @@ xs_c (override) xs_o (override) -top_targets (override) - dlsyms (override) dynamic_lib (override) @@ -10485,8 +14270,6 @@ dynamic_bs (override) static_lib (override) -manifypods (override) - processPL (override) installbin (override) @@ -10495,13 +14278,11 @@ subdir_x (override) clean (override) -realclean (override) - -dist_basics (override) +clean_subdirs_target -dist_core (override) +realclean (override) -dist_dir (override) +zipfile_target (o), tarfile_target (o), shdist_target (o) dist_test (override) @@ -10511,16 +14292,36 @@ perldepend (override) makefile (override) -test (override) - -test_via_harness (override) +find_tests (override) -test_via_script (override) +test (override) makeaperl (override) nicetext (override) +prefixify (override) + +oneliner (o) + +B (o) + +quote_literal + +escape_newlines + +max_exec_len + +init_linker (o) + +eliminate_macros + +fixpath + +os_flavor + +blibdirs_target (override) + =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Win32 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker @@ -10532,43 +14333,99 @@ ExtUtils::MakeMaker =back -catfile +=over 4 -constants (o) +=item Overridden methods -static_lib (o) +B -dynamic_bs (o) +=back + +replace_manpage_separator + +B + +B + +B + +B + +init_platform (o), platform_constants (o) + +special_targets (o) + +static_lib (o) dynamic_lib (o) -canonpath +clean + +init_linker perl_script -pm_to_blib +xs_o (o) -test_via_harness (o) +pasthru (o) -tool_autosplit (override) +oneliner (o) -tools_other (o) +max_exec_len -xs_o (o) +os_flavor -top_targets (o) +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Win95 - method to customize MakeMaker for Win9X + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Overriden methods + +dist_test + +=back + +=back + +subdir_x + +xs_c + +xs_cpp + +xs_o + +clean_subdirs_target + +realclean_subdirs_target + +max_exec_len + +os_flavor + +=over 4 + +=item AUTHOR + +=back -htmlifypods (o) +=head2 ExtUtils::MY - ExtUtils::MakeMaker subclass for customization -manifypods (o) +=over 4 -dist_ci (o) +=item SYNOPSIS -dist_core (o) +=item DESCRIPTION -pasthru (o) +=back -=head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker - create an extension Makefile +=head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker - Create a module Makefile =over 4 @@ -10601,38 +14458,51 @@ pasthru (o) =item Using Attributes and Parameters ABSTRACT, ABSTRACT_FROM, AUTHOR, BINARY_LOCATION, C, CCFLAGS, CONFIG, -CONFIGURE, DEFINE, DIR, DISTNAME, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, EXCLUDE_EXT, -EXE_FILES, FIRST_MAKEFILE, FULLPERL, FUNCLIST, H, HTMLLIBPODS, -HTMLSCRIPTPODS, IMPORTS, INC, INCLUDE_EXT, INSTALLARCHLIB, INSTALLBIN, -INSTALLDIRS, INSTALLHTMLPRIVLIBDIR, INSTALLHTMLSCRIPTDIR, -INSTALLHTMLSITELIBDIR, INSTALLMAN1DIR, INSTALLMAN3DIR, INSTALLPRIVLIB, -INSTALLSCRIPT, INSTALLSITEARCH, INSTALLSITELIB, INST_ARCHLIB, INST_BIN, -INST_EXE, INST_HTMLLIBDIR, INST_HTMLSCRIPTDIR, INST_LIB, INST_MAN1DIR, -INST_MAN3DIR, INST_SCRIPT, LDFROM, LIB, LIBPERL_A, LIBS, LINKTYPE, -MAKEAPERL, MAKEFILE, MAN1PODS, MAN3PODS, MAP_TARGET, MYEXTLIB, NAME, -NEEDS_LINKING, NOECHO, NORECURS, NO_VC, OBJECT, OPTIMIZE, PERL, PERL_CORE, -PERLMAINCC, PERL_ARCHLIB, PERL_LIB, PERL_MALLOC_OK, PERLRUN, PERM_RW, +CONFIGURE, DEFINE, DESTDIR, DIR, DISTNAME, DISTVNAME, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, +EXCLUDE_EXT, EXE_FILES, FIRST_MAKEFILE, FULLPERL, FULLPERLRUN, +FULLPERLRUNINST, FUNCLIST, H, IMPORTS, INC, INCLUDE_EXT, INSTALLARCHLIB, +INSTALLBIN, INSTALLDIRS, INSTALLMAN1DIR, INSTALLMAN3DIR, INSTALLPRIVLIB, +INSTALLSCRIPT, INSTALLSITEARCH, INSTALLSITEBIN, INSTALLSITELIB, +INSTALLSITEMAN1DIR, INSTALLSITEMAN3DIR, INSTALLVENDORARCH, +INSTALLVENDORBIN, INSTALLVENDORLIB, INSTALLVENDORMAN1DIR, +INSTALLVENDORMAN3DIR, INST_ARCHLIB, INST_BIN, INST_LIB, INST_MAN1DIR, +INST_MAN3DIR, INST_SCRIPT, LD, LDDLFLAGS, LDFROM, LIB, LIBPERL_A, LIBS, +LINKTYPE, MAKEAPERL, MAKEFILE_OLD, MAN1PODS, MAN3PODS, MAP_TARGET, +MYEXTLIB, NAME, NEEDS_LINKING, NOECHO, NORECURS, NO_META, NO_VC, OBJECT, +OPTIMIZE, PERL, PERL_CORE, PERLMAINCC, PERL_ARCHLIB, PERL_LIB, +PERL_MALLOC_OK, PERLPREFIX, PERLRUN, PERLRUNINST, PERL_SRC, PERM_RW, PERM_RWX, PL_FILES, PM, PMLIBDIRS, PM_FILTER, POLLUTE, PPM_INSTALL_EXEC, -PPM_INSTALL_SCRIPT, PREFIX, PREREQ_PM, PREREQ_FATAL, SKIP, TEST_LIBS, -VERSION, VERSION_FROM, XS, XSOPT, XSPROTOARG, XS_VERSION +PPM_INSTALL_SCRIPT, PREFIX, PREREQ_FATAL, PREREQ_PM, PREREQ_PRINT, +PRINT_PREREQ, SITEPREFIX, SIGN, SKIP, TYPEMAPS, VENDORPREFIX, VERBINST, +VERSION, VERSION_FROM, VERSION_SYM, XS, XSOPT, XSPROTOARG, XS_VERSION =item Additional lowercase attributes -clean, depend, dist, dynamic_lib, linkext, macro, realclean, test, -tool_autosplit +clean, depend, dist, dynamic_lib, linkext, macro, postamble, realclean, +test, tool_autosplit =item Overriding MakeMaker Methods +=item The End Of Cargo Cult Programming + +C< ' '>> + =item Hintsfile support =item Distribution Support make distcheck, make skipcheck, make distclean, make manifest, - make distdir, make tardist, make dist, make uutardist, make -shdist, make zipdist, make ci + make distdir, make disttest, make tardist, make dist, make +uutardist, make shdist, make zipdist, make ci + +=item Module Meta-Data =item Disabling an extension +=item Other Handy Functions + +prompt + =back =item ENVIRONMENT @@ -10643,6 +14513,92 @@ PERL_MM_OPT, PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT =item AUTHORS +=item LICENSE + +=back + +=head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::FAQ - Frequently Asked Questions About +MakeMaker + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Module Installation + +How do I keep from installing man pages?, How do I use a module without +installing it? + +=item Philosophy and History + +Why not just use ?, What is +Module::Build and how does it relate to MakeMaker?, pure perl. no make, no +shell commands, easier to customize, cleaner internals, less cruft + +=item Module Writing + +How do I keep my $VERSION up to date without resetting it manually?, What's +this F thing and how did it get in my F?! + +=item XS + +How to I prevent "object version X.XX does not match bootstrap parameter +Y.YY" errors?, How do I make two or more XS files coexist in the same +directory? + +=back + +=item PATCHING + +=item AUTHOR + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Tutorial - Writing a module with MakeMaker + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item The Mantra + +=item The Layout + +Makefile.PL, MANIFEST, lib/, t/, Changes, README, INSTALL, MANIFEST.SKIP, +bin/ + +=back + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::bytes - Version-agnostic bytes.pm + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=back + +=head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::vmsish - Platform-agnostic vmsish.pm + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + =back =head2 ExtUtils::Manifest - utilities to write and check a MANIFEST file @@ -10653,16 +14609,50 @@ PERL_MM_OPT, PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT =item DESCRIPTION +=over 4 + +=item Functions + +mkmanifest + +=back + +=back + +manifind + +manicheck + +filecheck + +fullcheck + +skipcheck + +maniread + +manicopy + +maniadd + +=over 4 + +=item MANIFEST + =item MANIFEST.SKIP =item EXPORT_OK =item GLOBAL VARIABLES +=back + +=over 4 + =item DIAGNOSTICS -C I, C I, C I<$!>, -C I +C I, C I, C I, +C I<$!>, C I =item ENVIRONMENT @@ -10793,6 +14783,10 @@ C, C =item DESCRIPTION +=item AUTHOR + +=item HISTORY + =back =head2 File::Compare - Compare files or filehandles @@ -10855,7 +14849,7 @@ rmscopy($from,$to[,$date_flag]) =back -=head2 File::Find, find - traverse a file tree +=head2 File::Find - Traverse a directory tree. =over 4 @@ -10863,16 +14857,34 @@ rmscopy($from,$to[,$date_flag]) =item DESCRIPTION +B, B + +=over 4 + +=item %options + C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C +=item The wanted function + +C<$File::Find::dir> is the current directory name,, C<$_> is the current +filename within that directory, C<$File::Find::name> is the complete +pathname to the file + +=back + +=item WARNINGS + =item CAVEAT $dont_use_nlink, symlinks =item NOTES +=item BUGS AND CAVEATS + =item HISTORY =back @@ -10907,6 +14919,8 @@ C, C =item DESCRIPTION +=item DIAGNOSTICS + =item AUTHORS =back @@ -10927,11 +14941,11 @@ splitdir, catpath(), abs2rel, rel2abs() =item SEE ALSO -=item AUTHORS +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 File::Spec::Epoc - methods for Epoc file specs +=head2 File::Spec::Cygwin - methods for Cygwin file specs =over 4 @@ -10939,25 +14953,27 @@ splitdir, catpath(), abs2rel, rel2abs() =item DESCRIPTION -devnull - =back -tmpdir +canonpath -path +file_name_is_absolute -canonpath() +tmpdir (override) -splitpath +=head2 File::Spec::Epoc - methods for Epoc file specs -splitdir +=over 4 -catpath +=item SYNOPSIS -abs2rel +=item DESCRIPTION -rel2abs() +=item AUTHORS + +=back + +canonpath() =over 4 @@ -11041,6 +15057,8 @@ rel2abs =item DESCRIPTION +tmpdir, splitpath + =back =head2 File::Spec::Unix - File::Spec for Unix, base for other File::Spec @@ -11182,6 +15200,12 @@ catpath =over 4 +=item Note For File::Spec::Win32 Maintainers + +=back + +=over 4 + =item SEE ALSO =back @@ -11200,6 +15224,18 @@ catpath =over 4 +=item OO INTERFACE + +B + +=back + +B + +B + +=over 4 + =item FUNCTIONS B @@ -11248,6 +15284,10 @@ B =back +B + +B + =over 4 =item PACKAGE VARIABLES @@ -11284,6 +15324,8 @@ TopSystemUID =item DESCRIPTION +=item BUGS + =item NOTE =item AUTHOR @@ -11298,6 +15340,10 @@ TopSystemUID =item DESCRIPTION +cacheout EXPR, cacheout MODE, EXPR + +=item CAVEATS + =item BUGS =back @@ -11334,6 +15380,21 @@ $fh->print, $fh->printf, $fh->getline, $fh->getlines =item All-in-one interface +=item Filtering only specific components of source code + +C<"code">, C<"executable">, C<"quotelike">, C<"string">, C<"regex">, +C<"all"> + +=item Filtering only the code parts of source code + +Most source code ceases to be grammatically correct when it is broken up +into the pieces between string literals and regexes. So the C<'code'> +component filter behaves slightly differently from the other partial +filters +described in the previous section. + +=item Using Filter::Simple with an explicit C subroutine + =item Using Filter::Simple and Exporter together =item How it works @@ -11458,7 +15519,8 @@ B<$_>, B<$status>, B and B, B =item Summary of Option Specifications -!, +, s, i, o, f, : I [ I ] +!, +, s, i, o, f, : I [ I ], : I [ I ], : ++ [ I ] =back @@ -11468,6 +15530,8 @@ B<$_>, B<$status>, B and B, B =item Object oriented interface +=item Thread Safety + =item Documentation and help texts =item Storing options in a hash @@ -11485,9 +15549,14 @@ B<$_>, B<$status>, B and B, B default, posix_default, auto_abbrev, getopt_compat, gnu_compat, gnu_getopt, require_order, permute, bundling (default: disabled), bundling_override (default: disabled), ignore_case (default: enabled), ignore_case_always -(default: disabled), pass_through (default: disabled), prefix, +(default: disabled), auto_version (default:disabled), auto_help +(default:disabled), pass_through (default: disabled), prefix, prefix_pattern, debug (default: disabled) +=item Exportable Methods + +VersionMessage, C<-message>, C<-msg>, C<-exitval>, C<-output>, HelpMessage + =item Return values and Errors =item Legacy @@ -11506,13 +15575,13 @@ prefix_pattern, debug (default: disabled) =over 4 -=item Warning: Ignoring '!' modifier for short option - =item GetOptions does not return a false result when an option is not supplied =item GetOptions does not split the command line correctly +=item Undefined subroutine &main::GetOptions called + =item How do I put a "-?" option into a Getopt::Long? =back @@ -11523,8 +15592,20 @@ supplied =back -=head2 Getopt::Std, getopt - Process single-character switches with switch -clustering +=head2 Getopt::Std, getopt, getopts - Process single-character switches +with switch clustering + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item C<--help> and C<--version> + +=back + +=head2 Hash::Util - A selection of general-utility hash subroutines =over 4 @@ -11532,6 +15613,30 @@ clustering =item DESCRIPTION +=over 4 + +=item Restricted hashes + +lock_keys, unlock_keys + +=back + +=back + +lock_value, unlock_value + +B, B + +B + +=over 4 + +=item CAVEATS + +=item AUTHOR + +=item SEE ALSO + =back =head2 I18N::Collate - compare 8-bit scalar data according to the current @@ -11576,6 +15681,9 @@ the function alternate_language_tags($lang1) the function @langs = panic_languages(@accept_languages) +the function implicate_supers( ...languages... ), the function +implicate_supers_strictly( ...languages... ) + =over 4 =item ABOUT LOWERCASING @@ -11590,6 +15698,26 @@ the function @langs = panic_languages(@accept_languages) =back +=head2 I18N::LangTags::Detect - detect the user's language preferences + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item FUNCTIONS + +=item ENVIRONMENT + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item COPYRIGHT + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + =head2 I18N::LangTags::List -- tags and names for human languages =over 4 @@ -11602,88 +15730,93 @@ the function @langs = panic_languages(@accept_languages) =item LIST OF LANGUAGES -{ab} : Abkhazian, {ace} : Achinese, {ach} : Acoli, {ada} : Adangme, {aa} : -Afar, {afh} : Afrihili, {af} : Afrikaans, [{afa} : Afro-Asiatic (Other)], -{aka} : Akan, {akk} : Akkadian, {sq} : Albanian, {ale} : Aleut, [{alg} : -Algonquian languages], [{tut} : Altaic (Other)], {am} : Amharic, {i-ami} : -Ami, [{apa} : Apache languages], {ar} : Arabic, {arc} : Aramaic, {arp} : -Arapaho, {arn} : Araucanian, {arw} : Arawak, {hy} : Armenian, [{art} : -Artificial (Other)], {as} : Assamese, [{ath} : Athapascan languages], -[{aus} : Australian languages], [{map} : Austronesian (Other)], {ava} : -Avaric, {ae} : Avestan, {awa} : Awadhi, {ay} : Aymara, {az} : Azerbaijani, -{ban} : Balinese, [{bat} : Baltic (Other)], {bal} : Baluchi, {bam} : -Bambara, [{bai} : Bamileke languages], {bad} : Banda, [{bnt} : Bantu -(Other)], {bas} : Basa, {ba} : Bashkir, {eu} : Basque, {btk} : Batak -(Indonesia), {bej} : Beja, {be} : Belarusian, {bem} : Bemba, {bn} : -Bengali, [{ber} : Berber (Other)], {bho} : Bhojpuri, {bh} : Bihari, {bik} : -Bikol, {bin} : Bini, {bi} : Bislama, {bs} : Bosnian, {bra} : Braj, {br} : -Breton, {bug} : Buginese, {bg} : Bulgarian, {i-bnn} : Bunun, {bua} : -Buriat, {my} : Burmese, {cad} : Caddo, {car} : Carib, {ca} : Catalan, -[{cau} : Caucasian (Other)], {ceb} : Cebuano, [{cel} : Celtic (Other)], -[{cai} : Central American Indian (Other)], {chg} : Chagatai, [{cmc} : -Chamic languages], {ch} : Chamorro, {ce} : Chechen, {chr} : Cherokee, {chy} -: Cheyenne, {chb} : Chibcha, {ny} : Chichewa, {zh} : Chinese, {chn} : -Chinook Jargon, {chp} : Chipewyan, {cho} : Choctaw, {cu} : Church Slavic, -{chk} : Chuukese, {cv} : Chuvash, {cop} : Coptic, {kw} : Cornish, {co} : -Corsican, {cre} : Cree, {mus} : Creek, [{cpe} : English-based Creoles and -pidgins (Other)], [{cpf} : French-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], -[{cpp} : Portuguese-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{crp} : Creoles -and pidgins (Other)], {hr} : Croatian, [{cus} : Cushitic (Other)], {cs} : -Czech, {dak} : Dakota, {da} : Danish, {day} : Dayak, {i-default} : Default -(Fallthru) Language, {del} : Delaware, {din} : Dinka, {div} : Divehi, {doi} -: Dogri, {dgr} : Dogrib, [{dra} : Dravidian (Other)], {dua} : Duala, {nl} : -Dutch, {dum} : Middle Dutch (ca.1050-1350), {dyu} : Dyula, {dz} : Dzongkha, -{efi} : Efik, {egy} : Ancient Egyptian, {eka} : Ekajuk, {elx} : Elamite, -{en} : English, {enm} : Old English (1100-1500), {ang} : Old English -(ca.450-1100), {eo} : Esperanto, {et} : Estonian, {ewe} : Ewe, {ewo} : -Ewondo, {fan} : Fang, {fat} : Fanti, {fo} : Faroese, {fj} : Fijian, {fi} : -Finnish, [{fiu} : Finno-Ugrian (Other)], {fon} : Fon, {fr} : French, {frm} -: Middle French (ca.1400-1600), {fro} : Old French (842-ca.1400), {fy} : -Frisian, {fur} : Friulian, {ful} : Fulah, {gaa} : Ga, {gd} : Scots Gaelic, -{gl} : Gallegan, {lug} : Ganda, {gay} : Gayo, {gba} : Gbaya, {gez} : Geez, -{ka} : Georgian, {de} : German, {gmh} : Middle High German (ca.1050-1500), -{goh} : Old High German (ca.750-1050), [{gem} : Germanic (Other)], {gil} : -Gilbertese, {gon} : Gondi, {gor} : Gorontalo, {got} : Gothic, {grb} : -Grebo, {grc} : Ancient Greek, {el} : Modern Greek, {gn} : Guarani, {gu} : -Gujarati, {gwi} : Gwich'in, {hai} : Haida, {ha} : Hausa, {haw} : Hawaiian, +{ab} : Abkhazian, {ace} : Achinese, {ach} : Acoli, {ada} : Adangme, {ady} : +Adyghe, {aa} : Afar, {afh} : Afrihili, {af} : Afrikaans, [{afa} : +Afro-Asiatic (Other)], {ak} : Akan, {akk} : Akkadian, {sq} : Albanian, +{ale} : Aleut, [{alg} : Algonquian languages], [{tut} : Altaic (Other)], +{am} : Amharic, {i-ami} : Ami, [{apa} : Apache languages], {ar} : Arabic, +{arc} : Aramaic, {arp} : Arapaho, {arn} : Araucanian, {arw} : Arawak, {hy} +: Armenian, {an} : Aragonese, [{art} : Artificial (Other)], {ast} : +Asturian, {as} : Assamese, [{ath} : Athapascan languages], [{aus} : +Australian languages], [{map} : Austronesian (Other)], {av} : Avaric, {ae} +: Avestan, {awa} : Awadhi, {ay} : Aymara, {az} : Azerbaijani, {ban} : +Balinese, [{bat} : Baltic (Other)], {bal} : Baluchi, {bm} : Bambara, [{bai} +: Bamileke languages], {bad} : Banda, [{bnt} : Bantu (Other)], {bas} : +Basa, {ba} : Bashkir, {eu} : Basque, {btk} : Batak (Indonesia), {bej} : +Beja, {be} : Belarusian, {bem} : Bemba, {bn} : Bengali, [{ber} : Berber +(Other)], {bho} : Bhojpuri, {bh} : Bihari, {bik} : Bikol, {bin} : Bini, +{bi} : Bislama, {bs} : Bosnian, {bra} : Braj, {br} : Breton, {bug} : +Buginese, {bg} : Bulgarian, {i-bnn} : Bunun, {bua} : Buriat, {my} : +Burmese, {cad} : Caddo, {car} : Carib, {ca} : Catalan, [{cau} : Caucasian +(Other)], {ceb} : Cebuano, [{cel} : Celtic (Other)], [{cai} : Central +American Indian (Other)], {chg} : Chagatai, [{cmc} : Chamic languages], +{ch} : Chamorro, {ce} : Chechen, {chr} : Cherokee, {chy} : Cheyenne, {chb} +: Chibcha, {ny} : Chichewa, {zh} : Chinese, {chn} : Chinook Jargon, {chp} : +Chipewyan, {cho} : Choctaw, {cu} : Church Slavic, {chk} : Chuukese, {cv} : +Chuvash, {cop} : Coptic, {kw} : Cornish, {co} : Corsican, {cr} : Cree, +{mus} : Creek, [{cpe} : English-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{cpf} +: French-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{cpp} : Portuguese-based +Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{crp} : Creoles and pidgins (Other)], {hr} : +Croatian, [{cus} : Cushitic (Other)], {cs} : Czech, {dak} : Dakota, {da} : +Danish, {dar} : Dargwa, {day} : Dayak, {i-default} : Default (Fallthru) +Language, {del} : Delaware, {din} : Dinka, {dv} : Divehi, {doi} : Dogri, +{dgr} : Dogrib, [{dra} : Dravidian (Other)], {dua} : Duala, {nl} : Dutch, +{dum} : Middle Dutch (ca.1050-1350), {dyu} : Dyula, {dz} : Dzongkha, {efi} +: Efik, {egy} : Ancient Egyptian, {eka} : Ekajuk, {elx} : Elamite, {en} : +English, {enm} : Old English (1100-1500), {ang} : Old English +(ca.450-1100), {i-enochian} : Enochian (Artificial), {myv} : Erzya, {eo} : +Esperanto, {et} : Estonian, {ee} : Ewe, {ewo} : Ewondo, {fan} : Fang, {fat} +: Fanti, {fo} : Faroese, {fj} : Fijian, {fi} : Finnish, [{fiu} : +Finno-Ugrian (Other)], {fon} : Fon, {fr} : French, {frm} : Middle French +(ca.1400-1600), {fro} : Old French (842-ca.1400), {fy} : Frisian, {fur} : +Friulian, {ff} : Fulah, {gaa} : Ga, {gd} : Scots Gaelic, {gl} : Gallegan, +{lg} : Ganda, {gay} : Gayo, {gba} : Gbaya, {gez} : Geez, {ka} : Georgian, +{de} : German, {gmh} : Middle High German (ca.1050-1500), {goh} : Old High +German (ca.750-1050), [{gem} : Germanic (Other)], {gil} : Gilbertese, {gon} +: Gondi, {gor} : Gorontalo, {got} : Gothic, {grb} : Grebo, {grc} : Ancient +Greek, {el} : Modern Greek, {gn} : Guarani, {gu} : Gujarati, {gwi} : +Gwich'in, {hai} : Haida, {ht} : Haitian, {ha} : Hausa, {haw} : Hawaiian, {he} : Hebrew, {hz} : Herero, {hil} : Hiligaynon, {him} : Himachali, {hi} : Hindi, {ho} : Hiri Motu, {hit} : Hittite, {hmn} : Hmong, {hu} : Hungarian, -{hup} : Hupa, {iba} : Iban, {is} : Icelandic, {ibo} : Igbo, {ijo} : Ijo, -{ilo} : Iloko, [{inc} : Indic (Other)], [{ine} : Indo-European (Other)], -{id} : Indonesian, {ia} : Interlingua (International Auxiliary Language -Association), {ie} : Interlingue, {iu} : Inuktitut, {ik} : Inupiaq, [{ira} -: Iranian (Other)], {ga} : Irish, {mga} : Middle Irish (900-1200), {sga} : -Old Irish (to 900), [{iro} : Iroquoian languages], {it} : Italian, {ja} : -Japanese, {jw} : Javanese, {jrb} : Judeo-Arabic, {jpr} : Judeo-Persian, -{kab} : Kabyle, {kac} : Kachin, {kl} : Kalaallisut, {kam} : Kamba, {kn} : -Kannada, {kau} : Kanuri, {kaa} : Kara-Kalpak, {kar} : Karen, {ks} : -Kashmiri, {kaw} : Kawi, {kk} : Kazakh, {kha} : Khasi, {km} : Khmer, [{khi} -: Khoisan (Other)], {kho} : Khotanese, {ki} : Kikuyu, {kmb} : Kimbundu, -{rw} : Kinyarwanda, {ky} : Kirghiz, {i-klingon} : Klingon, {kv} : Komi, -{kon} : Kongo, {kok} : Konkani, {ko} : Korean, {kos} : Kosraean, {kpe} : -Kpelle, {kro} : Kru, {kj} : Kuanyama, {kum} : Kumyk, {ku} : Kurdish, {kru} -: Kurukh, {kut} : Kutenai, {lad} : Ladino, {lah} : Lahnda, {lam} : Lamba, -{lo} : Lao, {la} : Latin, {lv} : Latvian, {lb} : Letzeburgesch, {lez} : -Lezghian, {ln} : Lingala, {lt} : Lithuanian, {nds} : Low German, {loz} : -Lozi, {lub} : Luba-Katanga, {lua} : Luba-Lulua, {lui} : Luiseno, {lun} : -Lunda, {luo} : Luo (Kenya and Tanzania), {lus} : Lushai, {mk} : Macedonian, -{mad} : Madurese, {mag} : Magahi, {mai} : Maithili, {mak} : Makasar, {mg} : -Malagasy, {ms} : Malay, {ml} : Malayalam, {mt} : Maltese, {mnc} : Manchu, -{mdr} : Mandar, {man} : Mandingo, {mni} : Manipuri, [{mno} : Manobo -languages], {gv} : Manx, {mi} : Maori, {mr} : Marathi, {chm} : Mari, {mh} : -Marshall, {mwr} : Marwari, {mas} : Masai, [{myn} : Mayan languages], {men} -: Mende, {mic} : Micmac, {min} : Minangkabau, {i-mingo} : Mingo, [{mis} : -Miscellaneous languages], {moh} : Mohawk, {mo} : Moldavian, [{mkh} : -Mon-Khmer (Other)], {lol} : Mongo, {mn} : Mongolian, {mos} : Mossi, [{mul} -: Multiple languages], [{mun} : Munda languages], {nah} : Nahuatl, {na} : -Nauru, {nv} : Navajo, {nd} : North Ndebele, {nr} : South Ndebele, {ng} : -Ndonga, {ne} : Nepali, {new} : Newari, {nia} : Nias, [{nic} : +{hup} : Hupa, {iba} : Iban, {is} : Icelandic, {io} : Ido, {ig} : Igbo, +{ijo} : Ijo, {ilo} : Iloko, [{inc} : Indic (Other)], [{ine} : Indo-European +(Other)], {id} : Indonesian, {inh} : Ingush, {ia} : Interlingua +(International Auxiliary Language Association), {ie} : Interlingue, {iu} : +Inuktitut, {ik} : Inupiaq, [{ira} : Iranian (Other)], {ga} : Irish, {mga} : +Middle Irish (900-1200), {sga} : Old Irish (to 900), [{iro} : Iroquoian +languages], {it} : Italian, {ja} : Japanese, {jv} : Javanese, {jrb} : +Judeo-Arabic, {jpr} : Judeo-Persian, {kbd} : Kabardian, {kab} : Kabyle, +{kac} : Kachin, {kl} : Kalaallisut, {xal} : Kalmyk, {kam} : Kamba, {kn} : +Kannada, {kr} : Kanuri, {krc} : Karachay-Balkar, {kaa} : Kara-Kalpak, {kar} +: Karen, {ks} : Kashmiri, {csb} : Kashubian, {kaw} : Kawi, {kk} : Kazakh, +{kha} : Khasi, {km} : Khmer, [{khi} : Khoisan (Other)], {kho} : Khotanese, +{ki} : Kikuyu, {kmb} : Kimbundu, {rw} : Kinyarwanda, {ky} : Kirghiz, +{i-klingon} : Klingon, {kv} : Komi, {kg} : Kongo, {kok} : Konkani, {ko} : +Korean, {kos} : Kosraean, {kpe} : Kpelle, {kro} : Kru, {kj} : Kuanyama, +{kum} : Kumyk, {ku} : Kurdish, {kru} : Kurukh, {kut} : Kutenai, {lad} : +Ladino, {lah} : Lahnda, {lam} : Lamba, {lo} : Lao, {la} : Latin, {lv} : +Latvian, {lb} : Letzeburgesch, {lez} : Lezghian, {li} : Limburgish, {ln} : +Lingala, {lt} : Lithuanian, {nds} : Low German, {art-lojban} : Lojban +(Artificial), {loz} : Lozi, {lu} : Luba-Katanga, {lua} : Luba-Lulua, {lui} +: Luiseno, {lun} : Lunda, {luo} : Luo (Kenya and Tanzania), {lus} : Lushai, +{mk} : Macedonian, {mad} : Madurese, {mag} : Magahi, {mai} : Maithili, +{mak} : Makasar, {mg} : Malagasy, {ms} : Malay, {ml} : Malayalam, {mt} : +Maltese, {mnc} : Manchu, {mdr} : Mandar, {man} : Mandingo, {mni} : +Manipuri, [{mno} : Manobo languages], {gv} : Manx, {mi} : Maori, {mr} : +Marathi, {chm} : Mari, {mh} : Marshall, {mwr} : Marwari, {mas} : Masai, +[{myn} : Mayan languages], {men} : Mende, {mic} : Micmac, {min} : +Minangkabau, {i-mingo} : Mingo, [{mis} : Miscellaneous languages], {moh} : +Mohawk, {mdf} : Moksha, {mo} : Moldavian, [{mkh} : Mon-Khmer (Other)], +{lol} : Mongo, {mn} : Mongolian, {mos} : Mossi, [{mul} : Multiple +languages], [{mun} : Munda languages], {nah} : Nahuatl, {nap} : Neapolitan, +{na} : Nauru, {nv} : Navajo, {nd} : North Ndebele, {nr} : South Ndebele, +{ng} : Ndonga, {ne} : Nepali, {new} : Newari, {nia} : Nias, [{nic} : Niger-Kordofanian (Other)], [{ssa} : Nilo-Saharan (Other)], {niu} : Niuean, -{non} : Old Norse, [{nai} : North American Indian], {se} : Northern Sami, -{no} : Norwegian, {nb} : Norwegian Bokmal, {nn} : Norwegian Nynorsk, [{nub} -: Nubian languages], {nym} : Nyamwezi, {nyn} : Nyankole, {nyo} : Nyoro, -{nzi} : Nzima, {oc} : Occitan (post 1500), {oji} : Ojibwa, {or} : Oriya, -{om} : Oromo, {osa} : Osage, {os} : Ossetian; Ossetic, [{oto} : Otomian +{nog} : Nogai, {non} : Old Norse, [{nai} : North American Indian], {no} : +Norwegian, {nb} : Norwegian Bokmal, {nn} : Norwegian Nynorsk, [{nub} : +Nubian languages], {nym} : Nyamwezi, {nyn} : Nyankole, {nyo} : Nyoro, {nzi} +: Nzima, {oc} : Occitan (post 1500), {oj} : Ojibwa, {or} : Oriya, {om} : +Oromo, {osa} : Osage, {os} : Ossetian; Ossetic, [{oto} : Otomian languages], {pal} : Pahlavi, {i-pwn} : Paiwan, {pau} : Palauan, {pi} : Pali, {pam} : Pampanga, {pag} : Pangasinan, {pa} : Panjabi, {pap} : Papiamento, [{paa} : Papuan (Other)], {fa} : Persian, {peo} : Old Persian @@ -11693,34 +15826,37 @@ Papiamento, [{paa} : Papuan (Other)], {fa} : Persian, {peo} : Old Persian Raeto-Romance, {raj} : Rajasthani, {rap} : Rapanui, {rar} : Rarotongan, [{qaa - qtz} : Reserved for local use.], [{roa} : Romance (Other)], {ro} : Romanian, {rom} : Romany, {rn} : Rundi, {ru} : Russian, [{sal} : Salishan -languages], {sam} : Samaritan Aramaic, [{smi} : Sami languages (Other)], -{sm} : Samoan, {sad} : Sandawe, {sg} : Sango, {sa} : Sanskrit, {sat} : -Santali, {sc} : Sardinian, {sas} : Sasak, {sco} : Scots, {sel} : Selkup, -[{sem} : Semitic (Other)], {sr} : Serbian, {srr} : Serer, {shn} : Shan, -{sn} : Shona, {sid} : Sidamo, {sgn-...} : Sign Languages, {bla} : Siksika, -{sd} : Sindhi, {si} : Sinhalese, [{sit} : Sino-Tibetan (Other)], [{sio} : -Siouan languages], {den} : Slave (Athapascan), [{sla} : Slavic (Other)], -{sk} : Slovak, {sl} : Slovenian, {sog} : Sogdian, {so} : Somali, {son} : -Songhai, {snk} : Soninke, {wen} : Sorbian languages, {nso} : Northern -Sotho, {st} : Southern Sotho, [{sai} : South American Indian (Other)], {es} -: Spanish, {suk} : Sukuma, {sux} : Sumerian, {su} : Sundanese, {sus} : -Susu, {sw} : Swahili, {ss} : Swati, {sv} : Swedish, {syr} : Syriac, {tl} : -Tagalog, {ty} : Tahitian, [{tai} : Tai (Other)], {tg} : Tajik, {tmh} : -Tamashek, {ta} : Tamil, {i-tao} : Tao, {tt} : Tatar, {i-tay} : Tayal, {te} -: Telugu, {ter} : Tereno, {tet} : Tetum, {th} : Thai, {bo} : Tibetan, {tig} -: Tigre, {ti} : Tigrinya, {tem} : Timne, {tiv} : Tiv, {tli} : Tlingit, -{tpi} : Tok Pisin, {tkl} : Tokelau, {tog} : Tonga (Nyasa), {to} : Tonga -(Tonga Islands), {tsi} : Tsimshian, {ts} : Tsonga, {i-tsu} : Tsou, {tn} : -Tswana, {tum} : Tumbuka, {tr} : Turkish, {ota} : Ottoman Turkish -(1500-1928), {tk} : Turkmen, {tvl} : Tuvalu, {tyv} : Tuvinian, {tw} : Twi, -{uga} : Ugaritic, {ug} : Uighur, {uk} : Ukrainian, {umb} : Umbundu, {und} : -Undetermined, {ur} : Urdu, {uz} : Uzbek, {vai} : Vai, {ven} : Venda, {vi} : -Vietnamese, {vo} : Volapuk, {vot} : Votic, [{wak} : Wakashan languages], -{wal} : Walamo, {war} : Waray, {was} : Washo, {cy} : Welsh, {wo} : Wolof, -{x-...} : Unregistered (Semi-Private Use), {xh} : Xhosa, {sah} : Yakut, -{yao} : Yao, {yap} : Yapese, {yi} : Yiddish, {yo} : Yoruba, [{ypk} : Yupik -languages], {znd} : Zande, [{zap} : Zapotec], {zen} : Zenaga, {za} : -Zhuang, {zu} : Zulu, {zun} : Zuni +languages], {sam} : Samaritan Aramaic, {se} : Northern Sami, {sma} : +Southern Sami, {smn} : Inari Sami, {smj} : Lule Sami, {sms} : Skolt Sami, +[{smi} : Sami languages (Other)], {sm} : Samoan, {sad} : Sandawe, {sg} : +Sango, {sa} : Sanskrit, {sat} : Santali, {sc} : Sardinian, {sas} : Sasak, +{sco} : Scots, {sel} : Selkup, [{sem} : Semitic (Other)], {sr} : Serbian, +{srr} : Serer, {shn} : Shan, {sn} : Shona, {sid} : Sidamo, {sgn-...} : Sign +Languages, {bla} : Siksika, {sd} : Sindhi, {si} : Sinhalese, [{sit} : +Sino-Tibetan (Other)], [{sio} : Siouan languages], {den} : Slave +(Athapascan), [{sla} : Slavic (Other)], {sk} : Slovak, {sl} : Slovenian, +{sog} : Sogdian, {so} : Somali, {son} : Songhai, {snk} : Soninke, {wen} : +Sorbian languages, {nso} : Northern Sotho, {st} : Southern Sotho, [{sai} : +South American Indian (Other)], {es} : Spanish, {suk} : Sukuma, {sux} : +Sumerian, {su} : Sundanese, {sus} : Susu, {sw} : Swahili, {ss} : Swati, +{sv} : Swedish, {syr} : Syriac, {tl} : Tagalog, {ty} : Tahitian, [{tai} : +Tai (Other)], {tg} : Tajik, {tmh} : Tamashek, {ta} : Tamil, {i-tao} : Tao, +{tt} : Tatar, {i-tay} : Tayal, {te} : Telugu, {ter} : Tereno, {tet} : +Tetum, {th} : Thai, {bo} : Tibetan, {tig} : Tigre, {ti} : Tigrinya, {tem} : +Timne, {tiv} : Tiv, {tli} : Tlingit, {tpi} : Tok Pisin, {tkl} : Tokelau, +{tog} : Tonga (Nyasa), {to} : Tonga (Tonga Islands), {tsi} : Tsimshian, +{ts} : Tsonga, {i-tsu} : Tsou, {tn} : Tswana, {tum} : Tumbuka, [{tup} : +Tupi languages], {tr} : Turkish, {ota} : Ottoman Turkish (1500-1928), {crh} +: Crimean Turkish, {tk} : Turkmen, {tvl} : Tuvalu, {tyv} : Tuvinian, {tw} : +Twi, {udm} : Udmurt, {uga} : Ugaritic, {ug} : Uighur, {uk} : Ukrainian, +{umb} : Umbundu, {und} : Undetermined, {ur} : Urdu, {uz} : Uzbek, {vai} : +Vai, {ve} : Venda, {vi} : Vietnamese, {vo} : Volapuk, {vot} : Votic, [{wak} +: Wakashan languages], {wa} : Walloon, {wal} : Walamo, {war} : Waray, {was} +: Washo, {cy} : Welsh, {wo} : Wolof, {x-...} : Unregistered (Semi-Private +Use), {xh} : Xhosa, {sah} : Yakut, {yao} : Yao, {yap} : Yapese, {ii} : +Sichuan Yi, {yi} : Yiddish, {yo} : Yoruba, [{ypk} : Yupik languages], {znd} +: Zande, [{zap} : Zapotec], {zen} : Zenaga, {za} : Zhuang, {zu} : Zulu, +{zun} : Zuni =item SEE ALSO @@ -11760,6 +15896,8 @@ Zhuang, {zu} : Zulu, {zun} : Zuni =item DESCRIPTION +=item DEPRECATED + =back =head2 IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory handles @@ -11771,7 +15909,7 @@ Zhuang, {zu} : Zulu, {zun} : Zuni =item DESCRIPTION new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (), -rewind (), close (), tie %hash, IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ] +rewind (), close (), tie %hash, 'IO::Dir', DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ] =item SEE ALSO @@ -11795,7 +15933,8 @@ new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile =item METHODS -open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ) +open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), open( FILENAME, IOLAYERS ), binmode( +[LAYER] ) =item SEE ALSO @@ -11911,7 +16050,7 @@ new ( [ HANDLES ] ) add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), -count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, ERROR [, TIMEOUT ] ) +count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, EXCEPTION [, TIMEOUT ] ) =item EXAMPLE @@ -12009,7 +16148,7 @@ handles =item DESCRIPTION new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (), -rewind (), close (), tie %hash, IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ] +rewind (), close (), tie %hash, 'IO::Dir', DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ] =item SEE ALSO @@ -12033,7 +16172,8 @@ new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile =item METHODS -open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ) +open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), open( FILENAME, IOLAYERS ), binmode( +[LAYER] ) =item SEE ALSO @@ -12152,7 +16292,7 @@ new ( [ HANDLES ] ) add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), -count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, ERROR [, TIMEOUT ] ) +count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, EXCEPTION [, TIMEOUT ] ) =item EXAMPLE @@ -12364,52 +16504,18 @@ class =item DESCRIPTION -=item METHODS - -new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ), -getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ), -set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N -, VALUE ), stat - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item AUTHOR - -=item COPYRIGHT - -=back - -=head2 Lingua::KO::Hangul::Util - utility functions for Hangul Syllables - -=over 4 - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=over 4 - -=item Composition and Decomposition - -C<$string_decomposed = decomposeHangul($codepoint)>, C<@codepoints = -decomposeHangul($codepoint)>, C<$string_composed = -composeHangul($src_string)>, C<@codepoints_composed = -composeHangul($src_string)> - -=item Hangul Syllable Name - -C<$name = getHangulName($codepoint)>, C<$codepoint = -parseHangulName($name)> - -=item EXPORT - -=back +=item METHODS -=item AUTHOR +new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ), +getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ), +set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N +, VALUE ), stat =item SEE ALSO -http://www.unicode.org/unicode/reports/tr15 +=item AUTHOR + +=item COPYRIGHT =back @@ -12424,6 +16530,8 @@ http://www.unicode.org/unicode/reports/tr15 first BLOCK LIST, max LIST, maxstr LIST, min LIST, minstr LIST, reduce BLOCK LIST, shuffle LIST, sum LIST +=item KNOWN BUGS + =item SUGGESTED ADDITIONS =item COPYRIGHT @@ -12442,6 +16550,8 @@ general-utility list subroutines first BLOCK LIST, max LIST, maxstr LIST, min LIST, minstr LIST, reduce BLOCK LIST, shuffle LIST, sum LIST +=item KNOWN BUGS + =item SUGGESTED ADDITIONS =item COPYRIGHT @@ -12457,8 +16567,11 @@ general-utility scalar subroutines =item DESCRIPTION -blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isweak EXPR, readonly SCALAR, reftype -EXPR, tainted EXPR, weaken REF +blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isvstring EXPR, isweak EXPR, +looks_like_number EXPR, openhandle FH, refaddr EXPR, reftype EXPR, +set_prototype CODEREF, PROTOTYPE, tainted EXPR, weaken REF + +=item KNOWN BUGS =item COPYRIGHT @@ -12478,7 +16591,7 @@ EXPR, tainted EXPR, weaken REF =item SEE ALSO -Locale::Language, Locale::Country, Locale::Currency +Locale::Language, Locale::Country, Locale::Script, Locale::Currency =item AUTHOR @@ -12492,40 +16605,28 @@ Locale::Language, Locale::Country, Locale::Currency =item SYNOPSIS -=back - -=over 4 - =item DESCRIPTION B, B, B -=back - -=over 4 - =item CONVERSION ROUTINES code2country( CODE, [ CODESET ] ), country2code( STRING, [ CODESET ] ), country_code2code( CODE, CODESET, CODESET ) -=back - -=over 4 - =item QUERY ROUTINES C, C -=back +=item SEMI-PRIVATE ROUTINES =over 4 -=item CODE ALIASING +=item alias_code -=back +=item rename_country -=over 4 +=back =item EXAMPLES @@ -12535,10 +16636,10 @@ C, C =item SEE ALSO -Locale::Language, Locale::Currency, ISO 3166, -http://www.din.de/gremien/nas/nabd/iso3166ma/, +Locale::Language, Locale::Script, Locale::Currency, Locale::SubCountry, ISO +3166-1, http://www.iso.org/iso/en/prods-services/iso3166ma/index.html, http://www.egt.ie/standards/iso3166/iso3166-1-en.html, -http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/docs/app-f.html +http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/docs/app-d-1.html =item AUTHOR @@ -12553,41 +16654,26 @@ identification (ISO 4217) =item SYNOPSIS -=back - -=over 4 - =item DESCRIPTION XTS, XXX -=back - -=over 4 - =item CONVERSION ROUTINES code2currency(), currency2code() -=back - -=over 4 - =item QUERY ROUTINES C, C -=back - -=over 4 - =item EXAMPLES =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS =item SEE ALSO -Locale::Country, ISO 4217:1995, http://www.bsi-global.com/iso4217currency +Locale::Country, Locale::Script, ISO 4217:1995, +http://www.bsi-global.com/iso4217currency =item AUTHOR @@ -12602,39 +16688,23 @@ Locale::Country, ISO 4217:1995, http://www.bsi-global.com/iso4217currency =item SYNOPSIS -=back - -=over 4 - =item DESCRIPTION -=back - -=over 4 - =item CONVERSION ROUTINES code2language(), language2code() -=back - -=over 4 - =item QUERY ROUTINES C, C -=back - -=over 4 - =item EXAMPLES =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS =item SEE ALSO -Locale::Country, Locale::Currency, ISO 639:1988 (E/F), +Locale::Country, Locale::Script, Locale::Currency, ISO 639:1988 (E/F), http://lcweb.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/langhome.html =item AUTHOR @@ -12643,7 +16713,7 @@ http://lcweb.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/langhome.html =back -=head2 Locale::Maketext -- framework for localization +=head2 Locale::Maketext - framework for localization =over 4 @@ -12732,6 +16802,46 @@ $language->language_tag(), $language->encoding() =back +=head2 Locale::Script - ISO codes for script identification (ISO 15924) + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +B, B, B + +=over 4 + +=item SPECIAL CODES + +=back + +=item CONVERSION ROUTINES + +code2script( CODE, [ CODESET ] ), script2code( STRING, [ CODESET ] ), +script_code2code( CODE, CODESET, CODESET ) + +=item QUERY ROUTINES + +C, C + +=item EXAMPLES + +=item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS + +=item SEE ALSO + +Locale::Language, Locale::Currency, Locale::Country, ISO 15924, +http://www.evertype.com/standards/iso15924/ + +=item AUTHOR + +=item COPYRIGHT + +=back + =head2 MIME::Base64 - Encoding and decoding of base64 strings =over 4 @@ -12740,7 +16850,7 @@ $language->language_tag(), $language->encoding() =item DESCRIPTION -encode_base64($str, [$eol]), decode_base64($str) +encode_base64($str), encode_base64($str, $eol);, decode_base64($str) =item DIAGNOSTICS @@ -12750,6 +16860,8 @@ Premature end of base64 data, Premature padding of base64 data =item COPYRIGHT +=item SEE ALSO + =back =head2 MIME::Base64::QuotedPrint, MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding @@ -12761,10 +16873,13 @@ of quoted-printable strings =item DESCRIPTION -encode_qp($str), decode_qp($str); +encode_qp($str), encode_qp($str, $eol), encode_qp($str, $eol, $binmode), +decode_qp($str); =item COPYRIGHT +=item SEE ALSO + =back =head2 MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding of quoted-printable @@ -12776,10 +16891,13 @@ strings =item DESCRIPTION -encode_qp($str), decode_qp($str); +encode_qp($str), encode_qp($str, $eol), encode_qp($str, $eol, $binmode), +decode_qp($str); =item COPYRIGHT +=item SEE ALSO + =back =head2 Math::BigFloat - Arbitrary size floating point math package @@ -12813,12 +16931,22 @@ ffround ( +$scale ), ffround ( -$scale ), ffround ( 0 ), fround ( +$scale =item Autocreating constants +=over 4 + +=item Math library + +=item Using Math::BigInt::Lite + +=back + =item BUGS -=item CAVEAT +=item CAVEATS stringify, bstr(), bdiv, Modifying and =, bpow +=item SEE ALSO + =item LICENSE =item AUTHORS @@ -12833,7 +16961,122 @@ stringify, bstr(), bdiv, Modifying and =, bpow =item DESCRIPTION -Canonical notation, Input, Output +Input, Output + +=item METHODS + +=over 4 + +=item config + +=item accuracy + +=item precision + +=item brsft + +=item new + +=item bnan + +=item bzero + +=item binf + +=item bone + +=item is_one()/is_zero()/is_nan()/is_inf() + +=item is_pos()/is_neg() + + $x->is_pos(); # true if >= 0 + $x->is_neg(); # true if < 0 + +=item is_odd()/is_even()/is_int() + +=item bcmp + +=item bacmp + +=item sign + +=item digit + +=item bneg + +=item babs + +=item bnorm + +=item bnot + +=item binc + +=item bdec + +=item badd + +=item bsub + +=item bmul + +=item bdiv + +=item bmod + +=item bmodinv + +=item bmodpow + +=item bpow + +=item blsft + +=item brsft + +=item band + +=item bior + +=item bxor + +=item bnot + +=item bsqrt + +=item bfac + +=item round + +=item bround + +=item bfround + +=item bfloor + +=item bceil + +=item bgcd + +=item blcm + +=item exponent + +=item mantissa + +=item parts + +=item copy + +=item as_int + +=item bsstr + +=item as_hex + +=item as_bin + +=back =item ACCURACY and PRECISION @@ -12868,7 +17111,7 @@ Remarks =item EXAMPLES - use Math::BigInt qw(bstr); + use Math::BigInt; =item Autocreating constants @@ -12878,16 +17121,32 @@ Remarks =item Alternative math libraries +=item SUBCLASSING + +=back + +=item Subclassing Math::BigInt + +=item UPGRADING + +=over 4 + +=item Auto-upgrade + +bsqrt(), div(), blog() + =back =item BUGS -Out of Memory!, Fails to load Calc on Perl prior 5.6.0 +broot() does not work, Out of Memory!, Fails to load Calc on Perl prior +5.6.0 =item CAVEATS -stringify, bstr(), bsstr() and 'cmp', int(), bdiv, bdiv, Modifying and =, -bpow, Overloading -$x, Mixing different object types, bsqrt() +bstr(), bsstr() and 'cmp', int(), length, bdiv, infinity handling, +Modifying and =, bpow, Overloading -$x, Mixing different object types, +bsqrt(), brsft() =item LICENSE @@ -12905,7 +17164,9 @@ bpow, Overloading -$x, Mixing different object types, bsqrt() =item DESCRIPTION -=item EXPORT +=item STORAGE + +=item METHODS =item WRAP YOUR OWN @@ -12921,6 +17182,108 @@ the same terms as Perl itself. =back +=head2 Math::BigInt::CalcEmu - Emulate low-level math with BigInt code + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item METHODS + +=item LICENSE + +This program is free software; you may redistribute it and/or modify it +under +the same terms as Perl itself. + +=item AUTHORS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 Math::BigRat - arbitrarily big rational numbers + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item MATH LIBRARY + +=back + +=item METHODS + +=over 4 + +=item new() + +=item numerator() + +=item denominator() + + $d = $x->denominator(); + +=item parts() + +=item as_number() + +=item bfac() + +=item blog() + +=item bround()/round()/bfround() + +=item bmod() + +=item is_one() + +=item is_zero() + +=item is_positive() + +=item is_negative() + +=item is_int() + +=item is_odd() + +=item is_even() + +=item bceil() + +=item bfloor() + + $x->bfloor(); + +=item bsqrt() + + $x->bsqrt(); + +=item config + +=back + +=item BUGS + +inf handling (partial), NaN handling (partial), rounding (not implemented +except for bceil/bfloor), $x ** $y where $y is not an integer, bmod(), +blog(), bmodinv() and bmodpow() (partial) + +=item LICENSE + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHORS + +=back + =head2 Math::Complex - complex numbers and associated mathematical functions @@ -13005,7 +17368,7 @@ cylindrical_to_spherical, spherical_to_cartesian, spherical_to_cylindrical =back -=head2 Memoize - Make your functions faster by trading space for time +=head2 Memoize - Make functions faster by trading space for time =over 4 @@ -13123,23 +17486,6 @@ Storable use =back -=head2 Memoize::Saves - Plug-in module to specify which return values -should be memoized - -=over 4 - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item CAVEATS - -=item AUTHOR - -=item SEE ALSO - -=back - =head2 Memoize::Storable - store Memoized data in Storable database =over 4 @@ -13170,7 +17516,8 @@ C, C, C =back -=head2 NEXT - Provide a pseudo-class NEXT that allows method redispatch +=head2 NEXT - Provide a pseudo-class NEXT (et al) that allows method +redispatch =over 4 @@ -13178,6 +17525,18 @@ C, C, C =item DESCRIPTION +=over 4 + +=item Enforcing redispatch + +=item Avoiding repetitions + +=item Invoking all versions of a method with a single call + +=item Using C methods + +=back + =item AUTHOR =item BUGS AND IRRITATIONS @@ -13203,7 +17562,7 @@ dataend () debug_print ( DIR, TEXT ), debug_text ( TEXT ), command ( CMD [, ARGS, ... ]), unsupported (), response (), parse_response ( TEXT ), getline (), -ungetline ( TEXT ), read_until_dot () +ungetline ( TEXT ), rawdatasend ( DATA ), read_until_dot (), tied_fh () =item EXPORTS @@ -13262,23 +17621,23 @@ hostfqdn (), hostname (), hostdomain () =item CONSTRUCTOR -new (HOST [,OPTIONS]) +new ([ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ]) =item METHODS login ([LOGIN [,PASSWORD [, ACCOUNT] ] ]), authorize ( [AUTH [, RESP]]), -site (ARGS), type (TYPE [, ARGS]), ascii ([ARGS]) binary([ARGS]) -ebcdic([ARGS]) byte([ARGS]), rename ( OLDNAME, NEWNAME ), delete ( FILENAME -), cwd ( [ DIR ] ), cdup (), pwd (), restart ( WHERE ), rmdir ( DIR ), -mkdir ( DIR [, RECURSE ]), ls ( [ DIR ] ), dir ( [ DIR ] ), get ( -REMOTE_FILE [, LOCAL_FILE [, WHERE]] ), put ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] -), put_unique ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] ), append ( LOCAL_FILE [, -REMOTE_FILE ] ), unique_name (), mdtm ( FILE ), size ( FILE ), supported ( -CMD ), hash ( [FILEHANDLE_GLOB_REF],[ BYTES_PER_HASH_MARK] ), nlst ( [ DIR -] ), list ( [ DIR ] ), retr ( FILE ), stor ( FILE ), stou ( FILE ), appe ( -FILE ), port ( [ PORT ] ), pasv (), pasv_xfer ( SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [, -DEST_FILE ] ), pasv_xfer_unique ( SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [, DEST_FILE ] ), -pasv_wait ( NON_PASV_SERVER ), abort (), quit () +site (ARGS), ascii, binary, rename ( OLDNAME, NEWNAME ), delete ( FILENAME +), cwd ( [ DIR ] ), cdup (), pwd (), restart ( WHERE ), rmdir ( DIR [, +RECURSE ]), mkdir ( DIR [, RECURSE ]), alloc ( SIZE [, RECORD_SIZE] ), ls ( +[ DIR ] ), dir ( [ DIR ] ), get ( REMOTE_FILE [, LOCAL_FILE [, WHERE]] ), +put ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] ), put_unique ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE +] ), append ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] ), unique_name (), mdtm ( FILE ), +size ( FILE ), supported ( CMD ), hash ( [FILEHANDLE_GLOB_REF],[ +BYTES_PER_HASH_MARK] ), nlst ( [ DIR ] ), list ( [ DIR ] ), retr ( FILE ), +stor ( FILE ), stou ( FILE ), appe ( FILE ), port ( [ PORT ] ), pasv (), +pasv_xfer ( SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [, DEST_FILE ] ), pasv_xfer_unique ( +SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [, DEST_FILE ] ), pasv_wait ( NON_PASV_SERVER ), +abort (), quit () =over 4 @@ -13295,7 +17654,7 @@ bytes_read (), abort (), close () =item UNIMPLEMENTED -B, B, B, B, B, B, B, B +B, B, B, B, B, B, B =item REPORTING BUGS @@ -13305,7 +17664,7 @@ B, B, B, B, B, B, B, B =item USE EXAMPLES -http://www.csh.rit.edu/~adam/Progs/autoftp-2.0.tar.gz +http://www.csh.rit.edu/~adam/Progs/ =item CREDITS @@ -13328,11 +17687,12 @@ new ( [ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ]) =item METHODS article ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), body ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), head ( -[ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), nntpstat ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), group ( [ GROUP ] -), ihave ( MSGID [, MESSAGE ]), last (), date (), postok (), authinfo ( -USER, PASS ), list (), newgroups ( SINCE [, DISTRIBUTIONS ]), newnews ( -SINCE [, GROUPS [, DISTRIBUTIONS ]]), next (), post ( [ MESSAGE ] ), slave -(), quit () +[ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), articlefh ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), bodyfh ( [ +MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), headfh ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), nntpstat ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] +), group ( [ GROUP ] ), ihave ( MSGID [, MESSAGE ]), last (), date (), +postok (), authinfo ( USER, PASS ), list (), newgroups ( SINCE [, +DISTRIBUTIONS ]), newnews ( SINCE [, GROUPS [, DISTRIBUTIONS ]]), next (), +post ( [ MESSAGE ] ), postfh (), slave (), quit () =over 4 @@ -13360,7 +17720,7 @@ MESSAGE-SPEC, PATTERN, Examples, C<[^]-]>, C<*bdc>, C<[0-9a-zA-Z]>, C =back -=head2 Net::POP3 - Post Office Protocol 3 Client class (RFC1081) +=head2 Net::POP3 - Post Office Protocol 3 Client class (RFC1939) =over 4 @@ -13368,18 +17728,17 @@ MESSAGE-SPEC, PATTERN, Examples, C<[^]-]>, C<*bdc>, C<[0-9a-zA-Z]>, C =item DESCRIPTION -=item EXAMPLES - =item CONSTRUCTOR -new ( [ HOST, ] [ OPTIONS ] ) +new ( [ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ] 0 =item METHODS -user ( USER ), pass ( PASS ), login ( [ USER [, PASS ]] ), apop ( USER, -PASS ), top ( MSGNUM [, NUMLINES ] ), list ( [ MSGNUM ] ), get ( MSGNUM [, -FH ] ), last (), popstat (), ping ( USER ), uidl ( [ MSGNUM ] ), delete ( -MSGNUM ), reset (), quit () +auth ( USERNAME, PASSWORD ), user ( USER ), pass ( PASS ), login ( [ USER +[, PASS ]] ), apop ( [ USER [, PASS ]] ), banner (), capa (), capabilities +(), top ( MSGNUM [, NUMLINES ] ), list ( [ MSGNUM ] ), get ( MSGNUM [, FH ] +), getfh ( MSGNUM ), last (), popstat (), ping ( USER ), uidl ( [ MSGNUM ] +), delete ( MSGNUM ), reset (), quit () =item NOTES @@ -13399,19 +17758,29 @@ MSGNUM ), reset (), quit () =item DESCRIPTION -icmp, udp, tcp, stream, external - =over 4 =item Functions -Net::Ping->new([$proto [, $def_timeout [, $bytes]]]);, $p->ping($host [, -$timeout]);, $p->open($host);, $p->close();, pingecho($host [, $timeout]); +Net::Ping->new([$proto [, $def_timeout [, $bytes [, $device [, $tos +]]]]]);, $p->ping($host [, $timeout]);, $p->source_verify( { 0 | 1 } );, +$p->service_check( { 0 | 1 } );, $p->tcp_service_check( { 0 | 1 } );, +$p->hires( { 0 | 1 } );, $p->bind($local_addr);, $p->open($host);, $p->ack( +[ $host ] );, $p->nack( $failed_ack_host );, $p->close();, pingecho($host +[, $timeout]); =back =item NOTES +=item INSTALL + +=item BUGS + +=item AUTHORS + +=item COPYRIGHT + =back =head2 Net::SMTP - Simple Mail Transfer Protocol Client @@ -13426,16 +17795,19 @@ $timeout]);, $p->open($host);, $p->close();, pingecho($host [, $timeout]); =item CONSTRUCTOR -new Net::SMTP [ HOST, ] [ OPTIONS ] +new ( [ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ] ) =item METHODS -banner (), domain (), hello ( DOMAIN ), etrn ( DOMAIN ), mail ( ADDRESS [, -OPTIONS] ), send ( ADDRESS ), send_or_mail ( ADDRESS ), send_and_mail ( -ADDRESS ), reset (), recipient ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [ ...]] [, OPTIONS ] ), -to ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), cc ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), bcc ( -ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), data ( [ DATA ] ), expand ( ADDRESS ), verify -( ADDRESS ), help ( [ $subject ] ), quit () +banner (), domain (), hello ( DOMAIN ), host (), etrn ( DOMAIN ), auth ( +USERNAME, PASSWORD ), mail ( ADDRESS [, OPTIONS] ), send ( ADDRESS ), +send_or_mail ( ADDRESS ), send_and_mail ( ADDRESS ), reset (), recipient ( +ADDRESS [, ADDRESS, [...]] [, OPTIONS ] ), to ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] +), cc ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), bcc ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), +data ( [ DATA ] ), expand ( ADDRESS ), verify ( ADDRESS ), help ( [ +$subject ] ), quit () + +=item ADDRESSES =item SEE ALSO @@ -13521,7 +17893,7 @@ functions =over 4 -=item How do I download files from a FTP server ? +=item How do I download files from an FTP server ? =item How do I transfer files in binary mode ? @@ -13534,13 +17906,13 @@ functions =item Can I do a reget operation like the ftp command ? -=item How do I get a directory listing from a FTP server ? +=item How do I get a directory listing from an FTP server ? -=item Changeing directory to "" does not fail ? +=item Changing directory to "" does not fail ? =item I am behind a SOCKS firewall, but the Firewall option does not work ? -=item I am behind a FTP proxy firewall, but cannot access machines outside +=item I am behind an FTP proxy firewall, but cannot access machines outside ? =item My ftp proxy firewall does not listen on port 21 @@ -13670,6 +18042,8 @@ login (), password (), account (), lpa () =item IMPLEMENTATION +=item BUGS + =item AUTHOR =back @@ -13809,17 +18183,17 @@ cuserid, difftime, div, dup, dup2, errno, execl, execle, execlp, execv, execve, execvp, exit, exp, fabs, fclose, fcntl, fdopen, feof, ferror, fflush, fgetc, fgetpos, fgets, fileno, floor, fmod, fopen, fork, fpathconf, fprintf, fputc, fputs, fread, free, freopen, frexp, fscanf, fseek, fsetpos, -fstat, ftell, fwrite, getc, getchar, getcwd, getegid, getenv, geteuid, -getgid, getgrgid, getgrnam, getgroups, getlogin, getpgrp, getpid, getppid, -getpwnam, getpwuid, gets, getuid, gmtime, isalnum, isalpha, isatty, -iscntrl, isdigit, isgraph, islower, isprint, ispunct, isspace, isupper, -isxdigit, kill, labs, ldexp, ldiv, link, localeconv, localtime, log, log10, -longjmp, lseek, malloc, mblen, mbstowcs, mbtowc, memchr, memcmp, memcpy, -memmove, memset, mkdir, mkfifo, mktime, modf, nice, offsetof, open, -opendir, pathconf, pause, perror, pipe, pow, printf, putc, putchar, puts, -qsort, raise, rand, read, readdir, realloc, remove, rename, rewind, -rewinddir, rmdir, scanf, setgid, setjmp, setlocale, setpgid, setsid, -setuid, sigaction, siglongjmp, sigpending, sigprocmask, sigsetjmp, +fstat, fsync, ftell, fwrite, getc, getchar, getcwd, getegid, getenv, +geteuid, getgid, getgrgid, getgrnam, getgroups, getlogin, getpgrp, getpid, +getppid, getpwnam, getpwuid, gets, getuid, gmtime, isalnum, isalpha, +isatty, iscntrl, isdigit, isgraph, islower, isprint, ispunct, isspace, +isupper, isxdigit, kill, labs, ldexp, ldiv, link, localeconv, localtime, +log, log10, longjmp, lseek, malloc, mblen, mbstowcs, mbtowc, memchr, +memcmp, memcpy, memmove, memset, mkdir, mkfifo, mktime, modf, nice, +offsetof, open, opendir, pathconf, pause, perror, pipe, pow, printf, putc, +putchar, puts, qsort, raise, rand, read, readdir, realloc, remove, rename, +rewind, rewinddir, rmdir, scanf, setgid, setjmp, setlocale, setpgid, +setsid, setuid, sigaction, siglongjmp, sigpending, sigprocmask, sigsetjmp, sigsuspend, sin, sinh, sleep, sprintf, sqrt, srand, sscanf, stat, strcat, strchr, strcmp, strcoll, strcpy, strcspn, strerror, strftime, strlen, strncat, strncmp, strncpy, strpbrk, strrchr, strspn, strstr, strtod, @@ -13835,7 +18209,7 @@ wctomb, write =item POSIX::SigAction -new +new, handler, mask, flags, safe =item POSIX::SigSet @@ -13913,7 +18287,8 @@ Constants =item WAIT -Constants, Macros +Constants, WNOHANG, WUNTRACED, Macros, WIFEXITED, WEXITSTATUS, WIFSIGNALED, +WTERMSIG, WIFSTOPPED, WSTOPSIG =back @@ -13926,12 +18301,20 @@ name space =item DESCRIPTION -unix, stdio, perlio, crlf, utf8, raw +:unix, :stdio, :perlio, :crlf, :mmap, :utf8, :bytes, :raw, :pop, :win32 =over 4 +=item Custom Layers + +:encoding, :via + +=item Alternatives to raw + =item Defaults and how to override them +=item Querying the layers of filehandles + =back =item AUTHOR @@ -13940,7 +18323,19 @@ unix, stdio, perlio, crlf, utf8, raw =back -=head2 PerlIO::Scalar - support module for in-memory IO. +=head2 PerlIO::encoding - encoding layer + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 PerlIO::scalar - in-memory IO, scalar IO =over 4 @@ -13948,9 +18343,11 @@ unix, stdio, perlio, crlf, utf8, raw =item DESCRIPTION +=item IMPLEMENTATION NOTE + =back -=head2 PerlIO::Via - Helper class for PerlIO layers implemented in perl +=head2 PerlIO::via - Helper class for PerlIO layers implemented in perl =over 4 @@ -13958,14 +18355,43 @@ unix, stdio, perlio, crlf, utf8, raw =item DESCRIPTION -$class->PUSHED([$mode][,$fh]), $obj->POPPED([$fh]), -$class->OPEN($path,$mode[,$fh]), $class->FDOPEN($fd), -$class->SYSOPEN($path,$imode,$perm,$fh), $obj->FILENO($fh), +=item EXPECTED METHODS + +$class->PUSHED([$mode[,$fh]]), $obj->POPPED([$fh]), +$obj->UTF8($bellowFlag,[$fh]), $obj->OPEN($path,$mode[,$fh]), +$obj->BINMODE([,$fh]), $obj->FDOPEN($fd[,$fh]), +$obj->SYSOPEN($path,$imode,$perm,[,$fh]), $obj->FILENO($fh), $obj->READ($buffer,$len,$fh), $obj->WRITE($buffer,$fh), $obj->FILL($fh), $obj->CLOSE($fh), $obj->SEEK($posn,$whence,$fh), $obj->TELL($fh), $obj->UNREAD($buffer,$fh), $obj->FLUSH($fh), $obj->SETLINEBUF($fh), $obj->CLEARERR($fh), $obj->ERROR($fh), $obj->EOF($fh) +=item EXAMPLES + +=over 4 + +=item Example - a Hexadecimal Handle + +=back + +=back + +=head2 PerlIO::via::QuotedPrint - PerlIO layer for quoted-printable strings + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item REQUIRED MODULES + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS + +=item COPYRIGHT + =back =head2 Pod::Checker, podchecker() - check pod documents for syntax errors @@ -14004,12 +18430,13 @@ after =back =item Warnings -multiple occurence of link target I, line containing nothing but +multiple occurrence of link target I, line containing nothing but whitespace in paragraph, file does not start with =head, previous =item has no contents, preceding non-item paragraph(s), =item type mismatch (I vs. I), I unescaped CE> in paragraph, Unknown entity, No items in =over, No argument for =item, empty section in previous paragraph, -Verbatim paragraph in NAME section +Verbatim paragraph in NAME section, =headI without preceding higher +level =item Hyperlinks @@ -14033,6 +18460,8 @@ C<$checker-Epoderror( @args )>, C<$checker-Epoderror( {%opts}, C<$checker-Enum_errors()> +C<$checker-Enum_warnings()> + C<$checker-Ename()> C<$checker-Enode()> @@ -14105,9 +18534,9 @@ C<-inc =E 1>, C<-dirs =E [ $dir1, $dir2, ... ]>, C<-verbose =E =item ARGUMENTS -backlink, cachedir, css, flush, header, help, htmldir, htmlroot, index, -infile, libpods, netscape, outfile, podpath, podroot, quiet, recurse, -title, verbose +backlink, cachedir, css, flush, header, help, hiddendirs, htmldir, +htmlroot, index, infile, libpods, netscape, outfile, podpath, podroot, +quiet, recurse, title, verbose =item EXAMPLE @@ -14449,12 +18878,16 @@ B<_output> B<_replace_special_chars> +B<_replace_special_chars_late> + B<_create_label> B<_create_index> B<_clean_latex_commands> +B<_split_delimited> + =over 4 =item NOTES @@ -14477,17 +18910,36 @@ B<_clean_latex_commands> =item DESCRIPTION -center, date, fixed, fixedbold, fixeditalic, fixedbolditalic, quotes, +center, date, fixed, fixedbold, fixeditalic, fixedbolditalic, name, quotes, release, section =item DIAGNOSTICS roff font should be 1 or 2 chars, not "%s", Invalid link %s, Invalid quote specification "%s", %s:%d: Unknown command paragraph "%s", %s:%d: Unknown -escape EE%sE, %s:%d: Unknown sequence %s, %s:%d: Unmatched =back +escape EE%sE, %s:%d: Unknown formatting code %s, %s:%d: Unmatched +=back =item BUGS +=item CAVEATS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHOR + +=item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE + +=back + +=head2 Pod::ParseLink - Parse an LEE formatting code in POD text + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + =item SEE ALSO =item AUTHOR @@ -14839,6 +19291,163 @@ I|I =back +=head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToChecker - let Perldoc check Pod for errors + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToMan - let Perldoc render Pod as man pages + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item CAVEAT + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToNroff - let Perldoc convert Pod to nroff + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item CAVEAT + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToPod - let Perldoc render Pod as ... Pod! + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToRtf - let Perldoc render Pod as RTF + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToText - let Perldoc render Pod as plaintext + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item CAVEAT + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToTk - let Perldoc use Tk::Pod to render Pod + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToXml - let Perldoc render Pod as XML + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 Pod::PlainText - Convert POD data to formatted ASCII text + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +alt, indent, loose, sentence, width + +=item DIAGNOSTICS + +Bizarre space in item, Can't open %s for reading: %s, Unknown escape: %s, +Unknown sequence: %s, Unmatched =back + +=item RESTRICTIONS + +=item NOTES + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + =head2 Pod::Plainer - Perl extension for converting Pod to old style Pod. =over 4 @@ -14974,13 +19583,13 @@ B<-output>, B<-sections>, B<-ranges> =item DESCRIPTION -alt, code, indent, loose, quotes, sentence, width +alt, code, indent, loose, margin, quotes, sentence, width =item DIAGNOSTICS Bizarre space in item, Item called without tag, Can't open %s for reading: -%s, Invalid quote specification "%s", %s:%d: Unknown command paragraph -"%s", %s:%d: Unknown escape: %s, %s:%d: Unknown sequence: %s, %s:%d: +%s, Invalid quote specification "%s", %s:%d: Unknown command paragraph: %s, +%s:%d: Unknown escape: %s, %s:%d: Unknown formatting code: %s, %s:%d: Unmatched =back =item RESTRICTIONS @@ -15032,8 +19641,8 @@ text =back -=head2 Pod::Text::Termcap, Pod::Text::Color - Convert POD data to ASCII -text with format escapes +=head2 Pod::Text::Termcap - Convert POD data to ASCII text with format +escapes =over 4 @@ -15041,6 +19650,8 @@ text with format escapes =item DESCRIPTION +=item NOTES + =item SEE ALSO =item AUTHOR @@ -15142,8 +19753,11 @@ Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes =item DESCRIPTION -blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isweak EXPR, readonly SCALAR, reftype -EXPR, tainted EXPR, weaken REF +blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isvstring EXPR, isweak EXPR, +looks_like_number EXPR, openhandle FH, refaddr EXPR, reftype EXPR, +set_prototype CODEREF, PROTOTYPE, tainted EXPR, weaken REF + +=item KNOWN BUGS =item COPYRIGHT @@ -15209,10 +19823,16 @@ EXPR, tainted EXPR, weaken REF =over 4 -=item OBJECT ORIENTED SYNTAX +=item Caveats + +=item Escaping Magic Characters + +=item Configuration =back +=item BUGS + =item AUTHOR =back @@ -15227,14 +19847,14 @@ socket.h defines and structure manipulators =item DESCRIPTION inet_aton HOSTNAME, inet_ntoa IP_ADDRESS, INADDR_ANY, INADDR_BROADCAST, -INADDR_LOOPBACK, INADDR_NONE, sockaddr_in PORT, ADDRESS, sockaddr_in -SOCKADDR_IN, pack_sockaddr_in PORT, IP_ADDRESS, unpack_sockaddr_in -SOCKADDR_IN, sockaddr_un PATHNAME, sockaddr_un SOCKADDR_UN, -pack_sockaddr_un PATH, unpack_sockaddr_un SOCKADDR_UN +INADDR_LOOPBACK, INADDR_NONE, sockaddr_family SOCKADDR, sockaddr_in PORT, +ADDRESS, sockaddr_in SOCKADDR_IN, pack_sockaddr_in PORT, IP_ADDRESS, +unpack_sockaddr_in SOCKADDR_IN, sockaddr_un PATHNAME, sockaddr_un +SOCKADDR_UN, pack_sockaddr_un PATH, unpack_sockaddr_un SOCKADDR_UN =back -=head2 Storable - persistency for perl data structures +=head2 Storable - persistence for Perl data structures =over 4 @@ -15250,6 +19870,12 @@ pack_sockaddr_un PATH, unpack_sockaddr_un SOCKADDR_UN =item CANONICAL REPRESENTATION +=item CODE REFERENCES + +=item FORWARD COMPATIBILITY + +utf8 data, restricted hashes, files from future versions of Storable + =item ERROR REPORTING =item WIZARDS ONLY @@ -15272,16 +19898,22 @@ C =back +=item Storable magic + =item EXAMPLES =item WARNING =item BUGS +=over 4 + +=item 64 bit data in perl 5.6.0 and 5.6.1 + +=back + =item CREDITS -=item TRANSLATIONS - =item AUTHOR =item SEE ALSO @@ -15318,6 +19950,8 @@ C =item BUGS +=item LIMITATIONS + =item COPYRIGHT =back @@ -15330,6 +19964,8 @@ C =item DESCRIPTION +=item BUGS + =back =head2 Sys::Hostname - Try every conceivable way to get hostname @@ -15354,8 +19990,8 @@ interface to the UNIX syslog(3) calls =item DESCRIPTION openlog $ident, $logopt, $facility, syslog $priority, $format, @args, -setlogmask $mask_priority, setlogsock $sock_type (added in 5.004_02), -closelog +setlogmask $mask_priority, setlogsock $sock_type [$stream_location] (added +in 5.004_02), closelog =item EXAMPLES @@ -15375,8 +20011,8 @@ Perl interface to the UNIX syslog(3) calls =item DESCRIPTION openlog $ident, $logopt, $facility, syslog $priority, $format, @args, -setlogmask $mask_priority, setlogsock $sock_type (added in 5.004_02), -closelog +setlogmask $mask_priority, setlogsock $sock_type [$stream_location] (added +in 5.004_02), closelog =item EXAMPLES @@ -15412,7 +20048,7 @@ ANSI_COLORS_DISABLED =item AUTHORS -=item LICENSE +=item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE =back @@ -15424,8 +20060,34 @@ ANSI_COLORS_DISABLED =item DESCRIPTION +=over 4 + +=item METHODS + +=back + +=back + +B, OSPEED, TERM + +B, B<$string>, B<$cnt>, B<$FH> + +B, B<$cap>, B<$cnt>, B<$FH> + +B, B<$cap>, B<$col>, B<$row>, B<$FH> + +B + +=over 4 + =item EXAMPLES +=item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE + +=item AUTHOR + +=item SEE ALSO + =back =head2 Term::Complete - Perl word completion module @@ -15446,8 +20108,8 @@ EtabE, ^D, ^U, EdelE, EbsE =back -=head2 Term::ReadLine - Perl interface to various C packages. If -no real package is found, substitutes stubs instead of basic functions. +=head2 Term::ReadLine - Perl interface to various C packages. +If no real package is found, substitutes stubs instead of basic functions. =over 4 @@ -15457,8 +20119,8 @@ no real package is found, substitutes stubs instead of basic functions. =item Minimal set of supported functions -C, C, C, C, C, $C, -C, C, Attribs, C +C, C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, Attribs, C =item Additional supported functions @@ -15480,11 +20142,14 @@ C, C, C =item DESCRIPTION +=item QUICK START GUIDE + =over 4 =item Functions -B +C, C I>, C [I<1,5,14>]>, +C sub { ... }>, C \&some_sub> =back @@ -15492,7 +20157,9 @@ B B<_to_value> -B +C + +C, I)> =over 4 @@ -15504,7 +20171,9 @@ NORMAL TESTS, SKIPPED TESTS, TODO TESTS =item BUGS and CAVEATS -=item TODO +=item ENVIRONMENT + +=item NOTE =item SEE ALSO @@ -15530,6 +20199,8 @@ B =back +B + =over 4 =item Setting up tests @@ -15544,6 +20215,8 @@ B B +B + B =over 4 @@ -15556,10 +20229,20 @@ B B, B -B +B, B + +B, B + +B + +B + +B B +B + B =over 4 @@ -15570,116 +20253,339 @@ B =back -B +B + +B, B + +=over 4 + +=item Output + +B + +=back + +B<_print> + +B<_print_diag> + +B, B, B + +=over 4 + +=item Test Status and Info + +B + +=back + +B + +B
+ +B + +B + +B<_sanity_check> + +B<_whoa> + +B<_my_exit> + +=over 4 + +=item EXIT CODES + +=item THREADS + +=item EXAMPLES + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHORS + +=item COPYRIGHT + +=back + +=head2 Test::Harness - Run Perl standard test scripts with statistics + +=over 4 + +=item VERSION + +=back + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item The test script output + +B<'1..M'>, B<'ok', 'not ok'. Ok?>, B, B, +B, B, B, B, B + +=item Taint mode + +=item Configuration variables. + +B<$Test::Harness::Verbose>, B<$Test::Harness::switches> + +=item Failure + +B, B, B, B, B, B, B + +=item Functions + +B + +=back + +=back + +B<_all_ok> + +B<_globdir> + +B<_run_all_tests> + +B<_mk_leader> + +B<_leader_width> + +=over 4 + +=item EXPORT + +=item DIAGNOSTICS + +C, C, C, C, C, C + +=item ENVIRONMENT + +C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C + +=item EXAMPLE + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHORS + +=item LICENSE + +=item TODO + +=item BUGS + +=item AUTHORS + +=item COPYRIGHT + +=back + +=head2 Test::Harness::Assert - simple assert + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item FUNCTIONS + +=over 4 + +=item C + +=back + +=back + +=over 4 + +=item AUTHOR + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 Test::Harness::Iterator - Internal Test::Harness Iterator + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item new() + +=item next() + +=back + +=back + +=head2 Test::Harness::Straps - detailed analysis of test results + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item Construction + +=over 4 + +=item C + +=back + +=back + +=over 4 + +=item C<_init> + +=back + +=over 4 + +=item Analysis + +=over 4 + +=item C + +=back + +=back + +=over 4 + +=item C + +=back + +=over 4 + +=item C + +=back + +=over 4 + +=item C<_command_line( $file )> + +=back + +=over 4 -B, B +=item C<_command> -=over 4 +=back -=item Output +=over 4 -B +=item C<_switches> =back -B<_print> +=over 4 -B, B, B +=item C<_cleaned_switches> -=over 4 +=back -=item Test Status and Info +=over 4 -B +=item C<_INC2PERL5LIB> =back -B +=over 4 -B
I, B +=item C<_filtered_INC> -B +=back -B<_sanity_check> +=over 4 -B<_whoa> +=item C<_restore_PERL5LIB> -B<_my_exit> +=back =over 4 -=item EXAMPLES +=item Parsing -=item AUTHOR +=over 4 -=item SEE ALSO +=item C<_is_comment> =back -=head2 Test::Harness - run perl standard test scripts with statistics +=back =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item C<_is_header> -=item DESCRIPTION +=back =over 4 -=item The test script output - -B<'1..M'>, B<'ok', 'not ok'. Ok?>, B, -B<$Test::Harness::verbose>, B<$Test::Harness::switches>, B, -B, B, B, B - -=item Failure +=item C<_is_test> -B, B, B, B, B, B, B +=back -=item Functions +=over 4 -B +=item C<_is_bail_out> =back -=back +=over 4 -B<_all_ok> +=item C<_reset_file_state> -B<_globdir> +=back -B<_run_all_tests> +=over 4 -B<_mk_leader> +=item Results =over 4 -=item EXPORT +=item C<_detailize> -=item DIAGNOSTICS +=back -C, C, C, C, C, C +=back -=item ENVIRONMENT +=over 4 -C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C +=item EXAMPLES -=item EXAMPLE +=item AUTHOR =item SEE ALSO -=item AUTHORS - -=item TODO - -=item BUGS - =back =head2 Test::More - yet another framework for writing test scripts @@ -15712,6 +20618,10 @@ B, B B +B + +B + B B @@ -15720,6 +20630,14 @@ B, B =over 4 +=item Diagnostics + +B + +=back + +=over 4 + =item Module tests B @@ -15736,11 +20654,13 @@ B =back -B +B, B + +When do I use SKIP vs. TODO? =over 4 -=item Comparision functions +=item Comparison functions B @@ -15754,19 +20674,30 @@ B =over 4 -=item NOTES +=item Extending and Embedding Test::More -=item BUGS and CAVEATS +B -Making your own ok(), The eq_* family have some caveats, Test::Harness -upgrades +=back -=item AUTHOR +=over 4 + +=item EXIT CODES + +=item CAVEATS and NOTES + +Backwards compatibility, Overloaded objects, Threads, Test::Harness upgrade =item HISTORY =item SEE ALSO +=item AUTHORS + +=item BUGS + +=item COPYRIGHT + =back =head2 Test::Simple - Basic utilities for writing tests. @@ -15791,13 +20722,15 @@ B =item HISTORY -=item AUTHOR - =item SEE ALSO -L, L, L, L, L, +L, L, L, L, L, L +=item AUTHORS + +=item COPYRIGHT + =back =head2 Test::Tutorial - A tutorial about writing really basic tests @@ -15832,6 +20765,10 @@ L =item FOOTNOTES +=item AUTHORS + +=item COPYRIGHT + =back =head2 Text::Abbrev, abbrev - create an abbreviation table from a list @@ -15868,6 +20805,10 @@ L =item C +=item C + +[0], [1], [2] + =item C C $listref>, C $listref>, C $str>, @@ -15978,8 +20919,7 @@ unexpand(1) =back -=head2 Thread - manipulate threads in Perl (EXPERIMENTAL, subject to -change) +=head2 Thread - manipulate threads in Perl (for old code only) =over 4 @@ -15991,9 +20931,9 @@ change) =item FUNCTIONS -new \&start_sub, new \&start_sub, LIST, lock VARIABLE, async BLOCK;, -Thread->self, Thread->list, cond_wait VARIABLE, cond_signal VARIABLE, -cond_broadcast VARIABLE, yield +$thread = Thread->new(\&start_sub), $thread = Thread->new(\&start_sub, +LIST), lock VARIABLE, async BLOCK;, Thread->self, cond_wait VARIABLE, +cond_signal VARIABLE, cond_broadcast VARIABLE, yield =item METHODS @@ -16036,9 +20976,12 @@ new, new NUMBER, down, down NUMBER, up, up NUMBER =back =head2 Thread::Signal - Start a thread which runs signal handlers reliably +(for old code) =over 4 +=item CAVEAT + =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION @@ -16076,6 +21019,74 @@ SHIFT this, UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST =back +=head2 Tie::File - Access the lines of a disk file via a Perl array + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item C + +=item C + +=item C + +=item C + +=item C + +=item Option Format + +=back + +=item Public Methods + +=over 4 + +=item C + +=item C + +=item C, C, C, and C + +=item C + +=back + +=item Tying to an already-opened filehandle + +=item Deferred Writing + +=over 4 + +=item Autodeferring + +=back + +=item CONCURRENT ACCESS TO FILES + +=item CAVEATS + +=item SUBCLASSING + +=item WHAT ABOUT C? + +=item AUTHOR + +=item LICENSE + +=item WARRANTY + +=item THANKS + +=item TODO + +=back + =head2 Tie::Handle, Tie::StdHandle - base class definitions for tied handles @@ -16096,7 +21107,8 @@ EOF this, TELL this, SEEK this, offset, whence, DESTROY this =back -=head2 Tie::Hash, Tie::StdHash - base class definitions for tied hashes +=head2 Tie::Hash, Tie::StdHash, Tie::ExtraHash - base class definitions for +tied hashes =over 4 @@ -16105,14 +21117,37 @@ EOF this, TELL this, SEEK this, offset, whence, DESTROY this =item DESCRIPTION TIEHASH classname, LIST, STORE this, key, value, FETCH this, key, FIRSTKEY -this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, EXISTS this, key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this +this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, EXISTS this, key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR +this, SCALAR this -=item CAVEATS +=item Inheriting from B + +=item Inheriting from B + +=item C, C and C =item MORE INFORMATION =back +=head2 Tie::Memoize - add data to hash when needed + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item Inheriting from B + +=item EXAMPLE + +=item BUGS + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + =head2 Tie::RefHash - use references as hash keys =over 4 @@ -16169,20 +21204,29 @@ timers gettimeofday (), usleep ( $useconds ), ualarm ( $useconds [, $interval_useconds ] ), tv_interval, time (), sleep ( $floating_seconds ), -alarm ( $floating_seconds [, $interval_floating_seconds ] ), setitimer, -getitimer ( $which ) +alarm ( $floating_seconds [, $interval_floating_seconds ] ), setitimer ( +$which, $floating_seconds [, $interval_floating_seconds ] ), getitimer ( +$which ) =item EXAMPLES =item C API +=item DIAGNOSTICS + +=over 4 + +=item negative time not invented yet + +=item internal error: useconds < 0 (unsigned ... signed ...) + +=back + =item CAVEATS =item AUTHORS -=item REVISION - -=item COPYRIGHT +=item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE =back @@ -16194,10 +21238,24 @@ getitimer ( $which ) =item DESCRIPTION +=over 4 + +=item Ambiguous Local Times (DST) + +=item Non-Existent Local Times (DST) + +=item Negative Epoch Values + +=back + =item IMPLEMENTATION =item BUGS +=item SUPPORT + +=item AUTHOR + =back =head2 Time::gmtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gmtime() @@ -16250,12 +21308,15 @@ function =item DESCRIPTION -isa ( TYPE ), can ( METHOD ), VERSION ( [ REQUIRE ] ), UNIVERSAL::isa ( -VAL, TYPE ), UNIVERSAL::can ( VAL, METHOD ) +C<< $obj->isa( TYPE ) >>, C<< CLASS->isa( TYPE ) >>, C, +C, C<$obj>, C, C, C<< $obj->can( METHOD ) >>, C<< +CLASS->can( METHOD ) >>, C, C + +=item EXPORTS =back -=head2 Unicode::Collate - use UCA (Unicode Collation Algorithm) +=head2 Unicode::Collate - Unicode Collation Algorithm =over 4 @@ -16267,33 +21328,55 @@ VAL, TYPE ), UNIVERSAL::can ( VAL, METHOD ) =item Constructor and Tailoring -alternate, backwards, entry, ignoreName, ignoreChar, level, normalization, -overrideCJK, overrideHangul, preprocess, rearrange, table, undefName, -undefChar, katakana_before_hiragana, upper_before_lower +UCA_Version, backwards, entry, hangul_terminator, ignoreName, ignoreChar, +level, normalization, overrideCJK, overrideHangul, preprocess, rearrange, +table, undefName, undefChar, katakana_before_hiragana, upper_before_lower, +variable, alternate -=item Other methods +=item Methods for Collation -C<@sorted = $UCA-Esort(@not_sorted)>, C<$result = $UCA-Ecmp($a, -$b)>, C<$sortKey = $UCA-EgetSortKey($string)>, C<$position = -$UCA-Eindex($string, $substring)>, C<($position, $length) = -$UCA-Eindex($string, $substring)> +C<@sorted = $Collator-Esort(@not_sorted)>, C<$result = +$Collator-Ecmp($a, $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-Eeq($a, $b)>, +C<$result = $Collator-Ene($a, $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-Elt($a, +$b)>, C<$result = $Collator-Ele($a, $b)>, C<$result = +$Collator-Egt($a, $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-Ege($a, $b)>, +C<$sortKey = $Collator-EgetSortKey($string)>, C<$sortKeyForm = +$Collator-EviewSortKey($string)> + +=item Methods for Searching + +C<$position = $Collator-Eindex($string, $substring[, $position])>, +C<($position, $length) = $Collator-Eindex($string, $substring[, +$position])>, C<$match_ref = $Collator-Ematch($string, $substring)>, +C<($match) = $Collator-Ematch($string, $substring)>, C<@match = +$Collator-Egmatch($string, $substring)>, C<$count = +$Collator-Esubst($string, $substring, $replacement)>, C<$count = +$Collator-Egsubst($string, $substring, $replacement)> + +=item Other Methods + +C<%old_tailoring = $Collator-Echange(%new_tailoring)>, C<$version = +$Collator-Eversion()>, C, C =item EXPORT =item CAVEAT +=item Conformance Test + =back =item AUTHOR =item SEE ALSO -L, L, Unicode Collation -Algorithm - Unicode TR #10 +Unicode Collation Algorithm - UTS #10, The Default Unicode Collation +Element Table (DUCET), The conformance test for the UCA, Hangul Syllable +Type, Unicode Normalization Forms - UAX #15, L =back -=head2 Unicode::Normalize - normalized forms of Unicode text +=head2 Unicode::Normalize - Unicode Normalization Forms =over 4 @@ -16301,12 +21384,38 @@ Algorithm - Unicode TR #10 =item DESCRIPTION -C<$string_NFD = NFD($raw_string)>, C<$string_NFC = NFC($raw_string)>, -C<$string_NFKD = NFKD($raw_string)>, C<$string_NFKC = NFKC($raw_string)>, -C<$normalized_string = normalize($form_name, $raw_string)> - =over 4 +=item Normalization Forms + +C<$NFD_string = NFD($string)>, C<$NFC_string = NFC($string)>, +C<$NFKD_string = NFKD($string)>, C<$NFKC_string = NFKC($string)>, +C<$FCD_string = FCD($string)>, C<$FCC_string = FCC($string)>, +C<$normalized_string = normalize($form_name, $string)> + +=item Decomposition and Composition + +C<$decomposed_string = decompose($string)>, C<$decomposed_string = +decompose($string, $useCompatMapping)>, C<$reordered_string = +reorder($string)>, C<$composed_string = compose($string)> + +=item Quick Check + +C<$result = checkNFD($string)>, C<$result = checkNFC($string)>, C<$result = +checkNFKD($string)>, C<$result = checkNFKC($string)>, C<$result = +checkFCD($string)>, C<$result = checkFCC($string)>, C<$result = +check($form_name, $string)> + +=item Character Data + +C<$canonical_decomposed = getCanon($codepoint)>, +C<$compatibility_decomposed = getCompat($codepoint)>, +C<$codepoint_composite = getComposite($codepoint_here, $codepoint_next)>, +C<$combining_class = getCombinClass($codepoint)>, C<$is_exclusion = +isExclusion($codepoint)>, C<$is_singleton = isSingleton($codepoint)>, +C<$is_non_starter_decomposition = isNonStDecomp($codepoint)>, +C<$may_be_composed_with_prev_char = isComp2nd($codepoint)> + =item EXPORT =back @@ -16315,7 +21424,9 @@ C<$normalized_string = normalize($form_name, $raw_string)> =item SEE ALSO -L, http://www.unicode.org/unicode/reports/tr15/ +http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr15/, +http://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/DerivedNormalizationProps.txt, +http://www.unicode.org/notes/tn5/ =back @@ -16403,6 +21514,8 @@ L, http://www.unicode.org/unicode/reports/tr15/ =over 4 +=item BUGS + =item AUTHOR =back @@ -16447,38 +21560,7 @@ March 18th, 2000 =back -=head2 Win32 - Interfaces to some Win32 API Functions - -=over 4 - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=over 4 - -=item Alphabetical Listing of Win32 Functions - -Win32::AbortSystemShutdown(MACHINE), Win32::BuildNumber(), -Win32::CopyFile(FROM, TO, OVERWRITE), Win32::DomainName(), -Win32::ExpandEnvironmentStrings(STRING), Win32::FormatMessage(ERRORCODE), -Win32::FsType(), Win32::FreeLibrary(HANDLE), Win32::GetArchName(), -Win32::GetChipName(), Win32::GetCwd(), Win32::GetFullPathName(FILENAME), -Win32::GetLastError(), Win32::GetLongPathName(PATHNAME), -Win32::GetNextAvailDrive(), Win32::GetOSVersion(), -Win32::GetShortPathName(PATHNAME), Win32::GetProcAddress(INSTANCE, -PROCNAME), Win32::GetTickCount(), Win32::InitiateSystemShutdown, -Win32::IsWinNT(), Win32::IsWin95(), Win32::LoadLibrary(LIBNAME), -Win32::LoginName(), Win32::LookupAccountName(SYSTEM, ACCOUNT, DOMAIN, SID, -SIDTYPE), Win32::LookupAccountSID(SYSTEM, SID, ACCOUNT, DOMAIN, SIDTYPE), -Win32::MsgBox(MESSAGE [, FLAGS [, TITLE]]), Win32::NodeName(), -Win32::RegisterServer(LIBRARYNAME), Win32::SetCwd(NEWDIRECTORY), -Win32::SetLastError(ERROR), Win32::Sleep(TIME), Win32::Spawn(COMMAND, ARGS, -PID), Win32::UnregisterServer(LIBRARYNAME) - -=back - -=back - -=head2 XS::Typemap - module to test the XS typemaps distributed with perl +=head2 XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code =over 4 @@ -16486,23 +21568,23 @@ PID), Win32::UnregisterServer(LIBRARYNAME) =item DESCRIPTION -=back - =over 4 -=item NOTES +=item Migration from C -=item AUTHOR +=item Backward compatible boilerplate =back -=head2 XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code +=item Order of initialization: early load() =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item The most hairy case -=item DESCRIPTION +=back + +=item LIMITATIONS =item AUTHOR @@ -16517,21 +21599,29 @@ don't all have manual pages yet: =item a2p -=item s2p +=item c2ph -=item find2perl +=item dprofpp =item h2ph -=item c2ph - =item h2xs -=item xsubpp +=item perlbug + +=item perldoc + +=item pl2pm + +=item pod2html =item pod2man -=item wrapsuid +=item s2p + +=item splain + +=item xsubpp =back