X-Git-Url: https://perl5.git.perl.org/perl5.git/blobdiff_plain/092bebab2f702b0ac392b3259fc90294ab403f4b..6055f9d42166344699550b8045e96c47c97d767c:/perl.c

diff --git a/perl.c b/perl.c
index 33a1667..3a3505d 100644
--- a/perl.c
+++ b/perl.c
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*    perl.c
  *
- *    Copyright (c) 1987-1998 Larry Wall
+ *    Copyright (c) 1987-1999 Larry Wall
  *
  *    You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
  *    License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
@@ -12,8 +12,8 @@
  */
 
 #include "EXTERN.h"
+#define PERL_IN_PERL_C
 #include "perl.h"
-#include "patchlevel.h"
 
 /* XXX If this causes problems, set i_unistd=undef in the hint file.  */
 #ifdef I_UNISTD
@@ -21,9 +21,11 @@
 #endif
 
 #if !defined(STANDARD_C) && !defined(HAS_GETENV_PROTOTYPE)
-char *getenv _((char *)); /* Usually in <stdlib.h> */
+char *getenv (char *); /* Usually in <stdlib.h> */
 #endif
 
+static I32 read_e_script(pTHXo_ int idx, SV *buf_sv, int maxlen);
+
 #ifdef I_FCNTL
 #include <fcntl.h>
 #endif
@@ -44,33 +46,8 @@ char *getenv _((char *)); /* Usually in <stdlib.h> */
 #endif
 
 #ifdef PERL_OBJECT
-static I32 read_e_script _((CPerlObj* pPerl, int idx, SV *buf_sv, int maxlen));
-#else
-static void find_beginning _((void));
-static void forbid_setid _((char *));
-static void incpush _((char *, int));
-static void init_interp _((void));
-static void init_ids _((void));
-static void init_debugger _((void));
-static void init_lexer _((void));
-static void init_main_stash _((void));
-#ifdef USE_THREADS
-static struct perl_thread * init_main_thread _((void));
-#endif /* USE_THREADS */
-static void init_perllib _((void));
-static void init_postdump_symbols _((int, char **, char **));
-static void init_predump_symbols _((void));
-static void my_exit_jump _((void)) __attribute__((noreturn));
-static void nuke_stacks _((void));
-static void open_script _((char *, bool, SV *, int *fd));
-static void usage _((char *));
-static void validate_suid _((char *, char*, int));
-static I32 read_e_script _((int idx, SV *buf_sv, int maxlen));
-#endif
-
-#ifdef PERL_OBJECT
 CPerlObj* perl_alloc(IPerlMem* ipM, IPerlEnv* ipE, IPerlStdIO* ipStd,
-					     IPerlLIO* ipLIO, IPerlDir* ipD, IPerlSock* ipS, IPerlProc* ipP)
+		     IPerlLIO* ipLIO, IPerlDir* ipD, IPerlSock* ipS, IPerlProc* ipP)
 {
     CPerlObj* pPerl = new(ipM) CPerlObj(ipM, ipE, ipStd, ipLIO, ipD, ipS, ipP);
     if(pPerl != NULL)
@@ -82,20 +59,16 @@ CPerlObj* perl_alloc(IPerlMem* ipM, IPerlEnv* ipE, IPerlStdIO* ipStd,
 PerlInterpreter *
 perl_alloc(void)
 {
-    PerlInterpreter *sv_interp;
+    PerlInterpreter *my_perl;
 
-    PL_curinterp = 0;
-    New(53, sv_interp, 1, PerlInterpreter);
-    return sv_interp;
+    New(53, my_perl, 1, PerlInterpreter);
+    PERL_SET_INTERP(my_perl);
+    return my_perl;
 }
 #endif /* PERL_OBJECT */
 
 void
-#ifdef PERL_OBJECT
-CPerlObj::perl_construct(void)
-#else
-perl_construct(register PerlInterpreter *sv_interp)
-#endif
+perl_construct(pTHXx)
 {
 #ifdef USE_THREADS
     int i;
@@ -104,14 +77,8 @@ perl_construct(register PerlInterpreter *sv_interp)
 #endif /* FAKE_THREADS */
 #endif /* USE_THREADS */
     
-#ifndef PERL_OBJECT
-    if (!(PL_curinterp = sv_interp))
-	return;
-#endif
-
 #ifdef MULTIPLICITY
-    ++PL_ninterps;
-    Zero(sv_interp, 1, PerlInterpreter);
+    Zero(my_perl, 1, PerlInterpreter);
 #endif
 
    /* Init the real globals (and main thread)? */
@@ -123,7 +90,7 @@ perl_construct(register PerlInterpreter *sv_interp)
         ALLOC_THREAD_KEY;
 #else
 	if (pthread_key_create(&PL_thr_key, 0))
-	    croak("panic: pthread_key_create");
+	    Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: pthread_key_create");
 #endif
 	MUTEX_INIT(&PL_sv_mutex);
 	/*
@@ -143,6 +110,8 @@ perl_construct(register PerlInterpreter *sv_interp)
 	thr = init_main_thread();
 #endif /* USE_THREADS */
 
+	PL_protect = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_default_protect); /* for exceptions */
+
 	PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;	/* needed by ckWARN, right away */
 
 	PL_linestr = NEWSV(65,79);
@@ -170,7 +139,7 @@ perl_construct(register PerlInterpreter *sv_interp)
 	/* TODO: */
 	/* PL_sighandlerp = sighandler; */
 #else
-	PL_sighandlerp = sighandler;
+	PL_sighandlerp = Perl_sighandler;
 #endif
 	PL_pidstatus = newHV();
 
@@ -185,10 +154,10 @@ perl_construct(register PerlInterpreter *sv_interp)
 #endif
     }
 
-    PL_nrs = newSVpv("\n", 1);
+    PL_nrs = newSVpvn("\n", 1);
     PL_rs = SvREFCNT_inc(PL_nrs);
 
-    init_stacks(ARGS);
+    init_stacks();
 #ifdef MULTIPLICITY
     init_interp();
     PL_perl_destruct_level = 1; 
@@ -200,20 +169,18 @@ perl_construct(register PerlInterpreter *sv_interp)
     init_ids();
     PL_lex_state = LEX_NOTPARSING;
 
-    PL_start_env.je_prev = NULL;
-    PL_start_env.je_ret = -1;
-    PL_start_env.je_mustcatch = TRUE;
-    PL_top_env     = &PL_start_env;
+    JMPENV_BOOTSTRAP;
     STATUS_ALL_SUCCESS;
 
+    init_i18nl10n(1);
     SET_NUMERIC_STANDARD();
-#if defined(SUBVERSION) && SUBVERSION > 0
-    sprintf(PL_patchlevel, "%7.5f",   (double) 5 
-				+ ((double) PATCHLEVEL / (double) 1000)
-				+ ((double) SUBVERSION / (double) 100000));
+#if defined(PERL_SUBVERSION) && PERL_SUBVERSION > 0
+    sprintf(PL_patchlevel, "%7.5f",   (double) PERL_REVISION
+				+ ((double) PERL_VERSION / (double) 1000)
+				+ ((double) PERL_SUBVERSION / (double) 100000));
 #else
-    sprintf(PL_patchlevel, "%5.3f", (double) 5 +
-				((double) PATCHLEVEL / (double) 1000));
+    sprintf(PL_patchlevel, "%5.3f", (double) PERL_REVISION +
+				((double) PERL_VERSION / (double) 1000));
 #endif
 
 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
@@ -234,11 +201,7 @@ perl_construct(register PerlInterpreter *sv_interp)
 }
 
 void
-#ifdef PERL_OBJECT
-CPerlObj::perl_destruct(void)
-#else
-perl_destruct(register PerlInterpreter *sv_interp)
-#endif
+perl_destruct(pTHXx)
 {
     dTHR;
     int destruct_level;  /* 0=none, 1=full, 2=full with checks */
@@ -246,13 +209,9 @@ perl_destruct(register PerlInterpreter *sv_interp)
     HV *hv;
 #ifdef USE_THREADS
     Thread t;
+    dTHX;
 #endif /* USE_THREADS */
 
-#ifndef PERL_OBJECT
-    if (!(PL_curinterp = sv_interp))
-	return;
-#endif
-
 #ifdef USE_THREADS
 #ifndef FAKE_THREADS
     /* Pass 1 on any remaining threads: detach joinables, join zombies */
@@ -338,10 +297,6 @@ perl_destruct(register PerlInterpreter *sv_interp)
     LEAVE;
     FREETMPS;
 
-#ifdef MULTIPLICITY
-    --PL_ninterps;
-#endif
-
     /* We must account for everything.  */
 
     /* Destroy the main CV and syntax tree */
@@ -354,6 +309,7 @@ perl_destruct(register PerlInterpreter *sv_interp)
     PL_main_start = Nullop;
     SvREFCNT_dec(PL_main_cv);
     PL_main_cv = Nullcv;
+    PL_dirty = TRUE;
 
     if (PL_sv_objcount) {
 	/*
@@ -361,8 +317,6 @@ perl_destruct(register PerlInterpreter *sv_interp)
 	 * destructors and destructees still exist.  Some sv's might remain.
 	 * Non-referenced objects are on their own.
 	 */
-    
-	PL_dirty = TRUE;
 	sv_clean_objs();
     }
 
@@ -376,7 +330,7 @@ perl_destruct(register PerlInterpreter *sv_interp)
 
     /* call exit list functions */
     while (PL_exitlistlen-- > 0)
-	PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].fn(PERL_OBJECT_THIS_ PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].ptr);
+	PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].fn(aTHXo_ PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].ptr);
 
     Safefree(PL_exitlist);
 
@@ -482,18 +436,20 @@ perl_destruct(register PerlInterpreter *sv_interp)
     SvREFCNT_dec(hv);
 
     FREETMPS;
-    if (destruct_level >= 2) {
+    if (destruct_level >= 2 && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL)) {
 	if (PL_scopestack_ix != 0)
-	    warn("Unbalanced scopes: %ld more ENTERs than LEAVEs\n",
+	    Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_INTERNAL,
+	         "Unbalanced scopes: %ld more ENTERs than LEAVEs\n",
 		 (long)PL_scopestack_ix);
 	if (PL_savestack_ix != 0)
-	    warn("Unbalanced saves: %ld more saves than restores\n",
+	    Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_INTERNAL,
+		 "Unbalanced saves: %ld more saves than restores\n",
 		 (long)PL_savestack_ix);
 	if (PL_tmps_floor != -1)
-	    warn("Unbalanced tmps: %ld more allocs than frees\n",
+	    Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_INTERNAL,"Unbalanced tmps: %ld more allocs than frees\n",
 		 (long)PL_tmps_floor + 1);
 	if (cxstack_ix != -1)
-	    warn("Unbalanced context: %ld more PUSHes than POPs\n",
+	    Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_INTERNAL,"Unbalanced context: %ld more PUSHes than POPs\n",
 		 (long)cxstack_ix + 1);
     }
 
@@ -522,8 +478,9 @@ perl_destruct(register PerlInterpreter *sv_interp)
 	array = HvARRAY(PL_strtab);
 	hent = array[0];
 	for (;;) {
-	    if (hent) {
-		warn("Unbalanced string table refcount: (%d) for \"%s\"",
+	    if (hent && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL)) {
+		Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_INTERNAL,
+		     "Unbalanced string table refcount: (%d) for \"%s\"",
 		     HeVAL(hent) - Nullsv, HeKEY(hent));
 		HeVAL(hent) = Nullsv;
 		hent = HeNEXT(hent);
@@ -537,8 +494,8 @@ perl_destruct(register PerlInterpreter *sv_interp)
     }
     SvREFCNT_dec(PL_strtab);
 
-    if (PL_sv_count != 0)
-	warn("Scalars leaked: %ld\n", (long)PL_sv_count);
+    if (PL_sv_count != 0 && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
+	Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_INTERNAL,"Scalars leaked: %ld\n", (long)PL_sv_count);
 
     sv_free_arenas();
 
@@ -548,6 +505,8 @@ perl_destruct(register PerlInterpreter *sv_interp)
     Safefree(PL_origfilename);
     Safefree(PL_archpat_auto);
     Safefree(PL_reg_start_tmp);
+    if (PL_reg_curpm)
+	Safefree(PL_reg_curpm);
     Safefree(HeKEY_hek(&PL_hv_fetch_ent_mh));
     Safefree(PL_op_mask);
     nuke_stacks();
@@ -560,6 +519,9 @@ perl_destruct(register PerlInterpreter *sv_interp)
     MUTEX_DESTROY(&PL_eval_mutex);
     MUTEX_DESTROY(&PL_cred_mutex);
     COND_DESTROY(&PL_eval_cond);
+#ifdef EMULATE_ATOMIC_REFCOUNTS
+    MUTEX_DESTROY(&PL_svref_mutex);
+#endif /* EMULATE_ATOMIC_REFCOUNTS */
 
     /* As the penultimate thing, free the non-arena SV for thrsv */
     Safefree(SvPVX(PL_thrsv));
@@ -592,27 +554,17 @@ perl_destruct(register PerlInterpreter *sv_interp)
 }
 
 void
-#ifdef PERL_OBJECT
-CPerlObj::perl_free(void)
-#else
-perl_free(PerlInterpreter *sv_interp)
-#endif
+perl_free(pTHXx)
 {
-#ifdef PERL_OBJECT
-	Safefree(this);
+#if defined(PERL_OBJECT)
+    Safefree(this);
 #else
-    if (!(PL_curinterp = sv_interp))
-	return;
-    Safefree(sv_interp);
+    Safefree(aTHXx);
 #endif
 }
 
 void
-#ifdef PERL_OBJECT
-CPerlObj::perl_atexit(void (*fn) (CPerlObj*,void *), void *ptr)
-#else
-perl_atexit(void (*fn) (void *), void *ptr)
-#endif
+Perl_call_atexit(pTHX_ ATEXIT_t fn, void *ptr)
 {
     Renew(PL_exitlist, PL_exitlistlen+1, PerlExitListEntry);
     PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].fn = fn;
@@ -621,38 +573,24 @@ perl_atexit(void (*fn) (void *), void *ptr)
 }
 
 int
-#ifdef PERL_OBJECT
-CPerlObj::perl_parse(void (*xsinit) (CPerlObj*), int argc, char **argv, char **env)
-#else
-perl_parse(PerlInterpreter *sv_interp, void (*xsinit) (void), int argc, char **argv, char **env)
-#endif
+perl_parse(pTHXx_ XSINIT_t xsinit, int argc, char **argv, char **env)
 {
     dTHR;
-    register SV *sv;
-    register char *s;
-    char *scriptname = NULL;
-    VOL bool dosearch = FALSE;
-    char *validarg = "";
     I32 oldscope;
-    AV* comppadlist;
-    dJMPENV;
     int ret;
-    int fdscript = -1;
+#ifdef USE_THREADS
+    dTHX;
+#endif
 
 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
 #ifdef IAMSUID
 #undef IAMSUID
-    croak("suidperl is no longer needed since the kernel can now execute\n\
+    Perl_croak(aTHX_ "suidperl is no longer needed since the kernel can now execute\n\
 setuid perl scripts securely.\n");
 #endif
 #endif
 
-#ifndef PERL_OBJECT
-    if (!(PL_curinterp = sv_interp))
-	return 255;
-#endif
-
-#if defined(NeXT) && defined(__DYNAMIC__)
+#if defined(__DYNAMIC__) && (defined(NeXT) || defined(__NeXT__))
     _dyld_lookup_and_bind
 	("__environ", (unsigned long *) &environ_pointer, NULL);
 #endif /* environ */
@@ -688,8 +626,10 @@ setuid perl scripts securely.\n");
     oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
     PL_dowarn = G_WARN_OFF;
 
-    JMPENV_PUSH(ret);
+    CALLPROTECT(aTHX_ &ret, MEMBER_TO_FPTR(S_parse_body), env, xsinit);
     switch (ret) {
+    case 0:
+	return 0;
     case 1:
 	STATUS_ALL_FAILURE;
 	/* FALL THROUGH */
@@ -701,16 +641,33 @@ setuid perl scripts securely.\n");
 	PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
 	if (PL_endav)
 	    call_list(oldscope, PL_endav);
-	JMPENV_POP;
 	return STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
     case 3:
-	JMPENV_POP;
 	PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stderr(), "panic: top_env\n");
 	return 1;
     }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+STATIC void *
+S_parse_body(pTHX_ va_list args)
+{
+    dTHR;
+    int argc = PL_origargc;
+    char **argv = PL_origargv;
+    char **env = va_arg(args, char**);
+    char *scriptname = NULL;
+    int fdscript = -1;
+    VOL bool dosearch = FALSE;
+    char *validarg = "";
+    AV* comppadlist;
+    register SV *sv;
+    register char *s;
+
+    XSINIT_t xsinit = va_arg(args, XSINIT_t);
 
     sv_setpvn(PL_linestr,"",0);
-    sv = newSVpv("",0);		/* first used for -I flags */
+    sv = newSVpvn("",0);		/* first used for -I flags */
     SAVEFREESV(sv);
     init_main_stash();
 
@@ -726,6 +683,9 @@ setuid perl scripts securely.\n");
 	s = argv[0]+1;
       reswitch:
 	switch (*s) {
+#ifndef PERL_STRICT_CR
+	case '\r':
+#endif
 	case ' ':
 	case '0':
 	case 'F':
@@ -758,9 +718,9 @@ setuid perl scripts securely.\n");
 
 	case 'e':
 	    if (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid)
-		croak("No -e allowed in setuid scripts");
+		Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No -e allowed in setuid scripts");
 	    if (!PL_e_script) {
-		PL_e_script = newSVpv("",0);
+		PL_e_script = newSVpvn("",0);
 		filter_add(read_e_script, NULL);
 	    }
 	    if (*++s)
@@ -770,7 +730,7 @@ setuid perl scripts securely.\n");
 		argc--,argv++;
 	    }
 	    else
-		croak("No code specified for -e");
+		Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No code specified for -e");
 	    sv_catpv(PL_e_script, "\n");
 	    break;
 
@@ -813,14 +773,11 @@ setuid perl scripts securely.\n");
 #else
 		sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"print \"\\nCharacteristics of this binary (from libperl): \\n\",");
 #endif
-#if defined(DEBUGGING) || defined(NO_EMBED) || defined(MULTIPLICITY)
+#if defined(DEBUGGING) || defined(MULTIPLICITY)
 		sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"\"  Compile-time options:");
 #  ifdef DEBUGGING
 		sv_catpv(PL_Sv," DEBUGGING");
 #  endif
-#  ifdef NO_EMBED
-		sv_catpv(PL_Sv," NO_EMBED");
-#  endif
 #  ifdef MULTIPLICITY
 		sv_catpv(PL_Sv," MULTIPLICITY");
 #  endif
@@ -832,16 +789,16 @@ setuid perl scripts securely.\n");
 		    sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"\"  Locally applied patches:\\n\",");
 		    for (i = 1; i <= LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT; i++) {
 			if (PL_localpatches[i])
-			    sv_catpvf(PL_Sv,"\"  \\t%s\\n\",",PL_localpatches[i]);
+			    Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,"q\"  \t%s\n\",",PL_localpatches[i]);
 		    }
 		}
 #endif
-		sv_catpvf(PL_Sv,"\"  Built under %s\\n\"",OSNAME);
+		Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,"\"  Built under %s\\n\"",OSNAME);
 #ifdef __DATE__
 #  ifdef __TIME__
-		sv_catpvf(PL_Sv,",\"  Compiled at %s %s\\n\"",__DATE__,__TIME__);
+		Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,",\"  Compiled at %s %s\\n\"",__DATE__,__TIME__);
 #  else
-		sv_catpvf(PL_Sv,",\"  Compiled on %s\\n\"",__DATE__);
+		Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,",\"  Compiled on %s\\n\"",__DATE__);
 #  endif
 #endif
 		sv_catpv(PL_Sv, "; \
@@ -884,25 +841,35 @@ print \"  \\@INC:\\n    @INC\\n\";");
 	    s--;
 	    /* FALL THROUGH */
 	default:
-	    croak("Unrecognized switch: -%s  (-h will show valid options)",s);
+	    Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Unrecognized switch: -%s  (-h will show valid options)",s);
 	}
     }
   switch_end:
 
-    if (!PL_tainting && (s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL5OPT"))) {
-	while (s && *s) {
-	    while (isSPACE(*s))
-		s++;
-	    if (*s == '-') {
-		s++;
-		if (isSPACE(*s))
-		    continue;
+    if (
+#ifndef SECURE_INTERNAL_GETENV
+        !PL_tainting &&
+#endif
+                        (s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL5OPT"))) {
+	while (isSPACE(*s))
+	    s++;
+	if (*s == '-' && *(s+1) == 'T')
+	    PL_tainting = TRUE;
+	else {
+	    while (s && *s) {
+		while (isSPACE(*s))
+		    s++;
+		if (*s == '-') {
+		    s++;
+		    if (isSPACE(*s))
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (!*s)
+		    break;
+		if (!strchr("DIMUdmw", *s))
+		    Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Illegal switch in PERL5OPT: -%c", *s);
+		s = moreswitches(s);
 	    }
-	    if (!*s)
-		break;
-	    if (!strchr("DIMUdmw", *s))
-		croak("Illegal switch in PERL5OPT: -%c", *s);
-	    s = moreswitches(s);
 	}
     }
 
@@ -941,7 +908,7 @@ print \"  \\@INC:\\n    @INC\\n\";");
     PL_min_intro_pending = 0;
     PL_padix = 0;
 #ifdef USE_THREADS
-    av_store(PL_comppad_name, 0, newSVpv("@_", 2));
+    av_store(PL_comppad_name, 0, newSVpvn("@_", 2));
     PL_curpad[0] = (SV*)newAV();
     SvPADMY_on(PL_curpad[0]);	/* XXX Needed? */
     CvOWNER(PL_compcv) = 0;
@@ -958,11 +925,15 @@ print \"  \\@INC:\\n    @INC\\n\";");
     boot_core_UNIVERSAL();
 
     if (xsinit)
-	(*xsinit)(PERL_OBJECT_THIS);	/* in case linked C routines want magical variables */
+	(*xsinit)(aTHXo);	/* in case linked C routines want magical variables */
 #if defined(VMS) || defined(WIN32) || defined(DJGPP)
     init_os_extras();
 #endif
 
+#ifdef USE_SOCKS
+    SOCKSinit(argv[0]);
+#endif    
+
     init_predump_symbols();
     /* init_postdump_symbols not currently designed to be called */
     /* more than once (ENV isn't cleared first, for example)	 */
@@ -978,10 +949,10 @@ print \"  \\@INC:\\n    @INC\\n\";");
     PL_error_count = 0;
     if (yyparse() || PL_error_count) {
 	if (PL_minus_c)
-	    croak("%s had compilation errors.\n", PL_origfilename);
+	    Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s had compilation errors.\n", PL_origfilename);
 	else {
-	    croak("Execution of %s aborted due to compilation errors.\n",
-		PL_origfilename);
+	    Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Execution of %s aborted due to compilation errors.\n",
+		       PL_origfilename);
 	}
     }
     PL_curcop->cop_line = 0;
@@ -995,11 +966,11 @@ print \"  \\@INC:\\n    @INC\\n\";");
     /* now that script is parsed, we can modify record separator */
     SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rs);
     PL_rs = SvREFCNT_inc(PL_nrs);
-    sv_setsv(perl_get_sv("/", TRUE), PL_rs);
+    sv_setsv(get_sv("/", TRUE), PL_rs);
     if (PL_do_undump)
 	my_unexec();
 
-    if (ckWARN(WARN_ONCE))
+    if (isWARN_ONCE)
 	gv_check(PL_defstash);
 
     LEAVE;
@@ -1012,36 +983,29 @@ print \"  \\@INC:\\n    @INC\\n\";");
 
     ENTER;
     PL_restartop = 0;
-    JMPENV_POP;
-    return 0;
+    return NULL;
 }
 
 int
-#ifdef PERL_OBJECT
-CPerlObj::perl_run(void)
-#else
-perl_run(PerlInterpreter *sv_interp)
-#endif
+perl_run(pTHXx)
 {
-    dSP;
+    dTHR;
     I32 oldscope;
-    dJMPENV;
     int ret;
-
-#ifndef PERL_OBJECT
-    if (!(PL_curinterp = sv_interp))
-	return 255;
+#ifdef USE_THREADS
+    dTHX;
 #endif
 
     oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
 
-    JMPENV_PUSH(ret);
+ redo_body:
+    CALLPROTECT(aTHX_ &ret, MEMBER_TO_FPTR(S_run_body), oldscope);
     switch (ret) {
     case 1:
 	cxstack_ix = -1;		/* start context stack again */
-	break;
-    case 2:
-	/* my_exit() was called */
+	goto redo_body;
+    case 0:  /* normal completion */
+    case 2:  /* my_exit() */
 	while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
 	    LEAVE;
 	FREETMPS;
@@ -1052,19 +1016,27 @@ perl_run(PerlInterpreter *sv_interp)
 	if (PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS"))
 	    dump_mstats("after execution:  ");
 #endif
-	JMPENV_POP;
 	return STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
     case 3:
-	if (!PL_restartop) {
-	    PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stderr(), "panic: restartop\n");
-	    FREETMPS;
-	    JMPENV_POP;
-	    return 1;
+	if (PL_restartop) {
+	    POPSTACK_TO(PL_mainstack);
+	    goto redo_body;
 	}
-	POPSTACK_TO(PL_mainstack);
-	break;
+	PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stderr(), "panic: restartop\n");
+	FREETMPS;
+	return 1;
     }
 
+    /* NOTREACHED */
+    return 0;
+}
+
+STATIC void *
+S_run_body(pTHX_ va_list args)
+{
+    dTHR;
+    I32 oldscope = va_arg(args, I32);
+
     DEBUG_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "%s $` $& $' support.\n",
                     PL_sawampersand ? "Enabling" : "Omitting"));
 
@@ -1079,7 +1051,7 @@ perl_run(PerlInterpreter *sv_interp)
 	    my_exit(0);
 	}
 	if (PERLDB_SINGLE && PL_DBsingle)
-	   sv_setiv(PL_DBsingle, 1); 
+	    sv_setiv(PL_DBsingle, 1); 
 	if (PL_initav)
 	    call_list(oldscope, PL_initav);
     }
@@ -1089,21 +1061,21 @@ perl_run(PerlInterpreter *sv_interp)
     if (PL_restartop) {
 	PL_op = PL_restartop;
 	PL_restartop = 0;
-	CALLRUNOPS();
+	CALLRUNOPS(aTHX);
     }
     else if (PL_main_start) {
 	CvDEPTH(PL_main_cv) = 1;
 	PL_op = PL_main_start;
-	CALLRUNOPS();
+	CALLRUNOPS(aTHX);
     }
 
     my_exit(0);
     /* NOTREACHED */
-    return 0;
+    return NULL;
 }
 
 SV*
-perl_get_sv(char *name, I32 create)
+Perl_get_sv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
 {
     GV *gv;
 #ifdef USE_THREADS
@@ -1122,7 +1094,7 @@ perl_get_sv(char *name, I32 create)
 }
 
 AV*
-perl_get_av(char *name, I32 create)
+Perl_get_av(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
 {
     GV* gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVAV);
     if (create)
@@ -1133,7 +1105,7 @@ perl_get_av(char *name, I32 create)
 }
 
 HV*
-perl_get_hv(char *name, I32 create)
+Perl_get_hv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
 {
     GV* gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVHV);
     if (create)
@@ -1144,9 +1116,13 @@ perl_get_hv(char *name, I32 create)
 }
 
 CV*
-perl_get_cv(char *name, I32 create)
+Perl_get_cv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
 {
     GV* gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVCV);
+    /* XXX unsafe for threads if eval_owner isn't held */
+    /* XXX this is probably not what they think they're getting.
+     * It has the same effect as "sub name;", i.e. just a forward
+     * declaration! */
     if (create && !GvCVu(gv))
     	return newSUB(start_subparse(FALSE, 0),
 		      newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSVpv(name,0)),
@@ -1160,7 +1136,7 @@ perl_get_cv(char *name, I32 create)
 /* Be sure to refetch the stack pointer after calling these routines. */
 
 I32
-perl_call_argv(char *sub_name, I32 flags, register char **argv)
+Perl_call_argv(pTHX_ const char *sub_name, I32 flags, register char **argv)
               
           		/* See G_* flags in cop.h */
                      	/* null terminated arg list */
@@ -1175,19 +1151,19 @@ perl_call_argv(char *sub_name, I32 flags, register char **argv)
 	}
 	PUTBACK;
     }
-    return perl_call_pv(sub_name, flags);
+    return call_pv(sub_name, flags);
 }
 
 I32
-perl_call_pv(char *sub_name, I32 flags)
+Perl_call_pv(pTHX_ const char *sub_name, I32 flags)
               		/* name of the subroutine */
           		/* See G_* flags in cop.h */
 {
-    return perl_call_sv((SV*)perl_get_cv(sub_name, TRUE), flags);
+    return call_sv((SV*)get_cv(sub_name, TRUE), flags);
 }
 
 I32
-perl_call_method(char *methname, I32 flags)
+Perl_call_method(pTHX_ const char *methname, I32 flags)
                		/* name of the subroutine */
           		/* See G_* flags in cop.h */
 {
@@ -1197,15 +1173,15 @@ perl_call_method(char *methname, I32 flags)
 	PL_op = &myop;
     XPUSHs(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(methname,0)));
     PUTBACK;
-    pp_method(ARGS);
+    pp_method();
 	if(PL_op == &myop)
 		PL_op = Nullop;
-    return perl_call_sv(*PL_stack_sp--, flags);
+    return call_sv(*PL_stack_sp--, flags);
 }
 
 /* May be called with any of a CV, a GV, or an SV containing the name. */
 I32
-perl_call_sv(SV *sv, I32 flags)
+Perl_call_sv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
        
           		/* See G_* flags in cop.h */
 {
@@ -1215,7 +1191,6 @@ perl_call_sv(SV *sv, I32 flags)
     I32 retval;
     I32 oldscope;
     bool oldcatch = CATCH_GET;
-    dJMPENV;
     int ret;
     OP* oldop = PL_op;
 
@@ -1248,7 +1223,13 @@ perl_call_sv(SV *sv, I32 flags)
 	  && !(flags & G_NODEBUG))
 	PL_op->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
 
-    if (flags & G_EVAL) {
+    if (!(flags & G_EVAL)) {
+	CATCH_SET(TRUE);
+	call_xbody((OP*)&myop, FALSE);
+	retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
+	CATCH_SET(FALSE);
+    }
+    else {
 	cLOGOP->op_other = PL_op;
 	PL_markstack_ptr--;
 	/* we're trying to emulate pp_entertry() here */
@@ -1264,17 +1245,21 @@ perl_call_sv(SV *sv, I32 flags)
 	    PUSHEVAL(cx, 0, 0);
 	    PL_eval_root = PL_op;             /* Only needed so that goto works right. */
 	    
-	    PL_in_eval = 1;
+	    PL_in_eval = EVAL_INEVAL;
 	    if (flags & G_KEEPERR)
-		PL_in_eval |= 4;
+		PL_in_eval |= EVAL_KEEPERR;
 	    else
 		sv_setpv(ERRSV,"");
 	}
 	PL_markstack_ptr++;
 
-	JMPENV_PUSH(ret);
+  redo_body:
+	CALLPROTECT(aTHX_ &ret, MEMBER_TO_FPTR(S_call_body), (OP*)&myop, FALSE);
 	switch (ret) {
 	case 0:
+	    retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
+	    if (!(flags & G_KEEPERR))
+		sv_setpv(ERRSV,"");
 	    break;
 	case 1:
 	    STATUS_ALL_FAILURE;
@@ -1283,16 +1268,15 @@ perl_call_sv(SV *sv, I32 flags)
 	    /* my_exit() was called */
 	    PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
 	    FREETMPS;
-	    JMPENV_POP;
 	    if (PL_statusvalue)
-		croak("Callback called exit");
+		Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Callback called exit");
 	    my_exit_jump();
 	    /* NOTREACHED */
 	case 3:
 	    if (PL_restartop) {
 		PL_op = PL_restartop;
 		PL_restartop = 0;
-		break;
+		goto redo_body;
 	    }
 	    PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
 	    if (flags & G_ARRAY)
@@ -1301,22 +1285,9 @@ perl_call_sv(SV *sv, I32 flags)
 		retval = 1;
 		*++PL_stack_sp = &PL_sv_undef;
 	    }
-	    goto cleanup;
+	    break;
 	}
-    }
-    else
-	CATCH_SET(TRUE);
 
-    if (PL_op == (OP*)&myop)
-	PL_op = pp_entersub(ARGS);
-    if (PL_op)
-	CALLRUNOPS();
-    retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
-    if ((flags & G_EVAL) && !(flags & G_KEEPERR))
-	sv_setpv(ERRSV,"");
-
-  cleanup:
-    if (flags & G_EVAL) {
 	if (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope) {
 	    SV **newsp;
 	    PMOP *newpm;
@@ -1330,10 +1301,7 @@ perl_call_sv(SV *sv, I32 flags)
 	    PL_curpm = newpm;
 	    LEAVE;
 	}
-	JMPENV_POP;
     }
-    else
-	CATCH_SET(oldcatch);
 
     if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
 	PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
@@ -1345,10 +1313,35 @@ perl_call_sv(SV *sv, I32 flags)
     return retval;
 }
 
+STATIC void *
+S_call_body(pTHX_ va_list args)
+{
+    OP *myop = va_arg(args, OP*);
+    int is_eval = va_arg(args, int);
+
+    call_xbody(myop, is_eval);
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+STATIC void
+S_call_xbody(pTHX_ OP *myop, int is_eval)
+{
+    dTHR;
+
+    if (PL_op == myop) {
+	if (is_eval)
+	    PL_op = Perl_pp_entereval(aTHX);
+	else
+	    PL_op = Perl_pp_entersub(aTHX);
+    }
+    if (PL_op)
+	CALLRUNOPS(aTHX);
+}
+
 /* Eval a string. The G_EVAL flag is always assumed. */
 
 I32
-perl_eval_sv(SV *sv, I32 flags)
+Perl_eval_sv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
        
           		/* See G_* flags in cop.h */
 {
@@ -1357,7 +1350,6 @@ perl_eval_sv(SV *sv, I32 flags)
     I32 oldmark = SP - PL_stack_base;
     I32 retval;
     I32 oldscope;
-    dJMPENV;
     int ret;
     OP* oldop = PL_op;
 
@@ -1383,9 +1375,13 @@ perl_eval_sv(SV *sv, I32 flags)
     if (flags & G_KEEPERR)
 	myop.op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL;
 
-    JMPENV_PUSH(ret);
+ redo_body:
+    CALLPROTECT(aTHX_ &ret, MEMBER_TO_FPTR(S_call_body), (OP*)&myop, TRUE);
     switch (ret) {
     case 0:
+	retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
+	if (!(flags & G_KEEPERR))
+	    sv_setpv(ERRSV,"");
 	break;
     case 1:
 	STATUS_ALL_FAILURE;
@@ -1394,16 +1390,15 @@ perl_eval_sv(SV *sv, I32 flags)
 	/* my_exit() was called */
 	PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
 	FREETMPS;
-	JMPENV_POP;
 	if (PL_statusvalue)
-	    croak("Callback called exit");
+	    Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Callback called exit");
 	my_exit_jump();
 	/* NOTREACHED */
     case 3:
 	if (PL_restartop) {
 	    PL_op = PL_restartop;
 	    PL_restartop = 0;
-	    break;
+	    goto redo_body;
 	}
 	PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
 	if (flags & G_ARRAY)
@@ -1412,19 +1407,9 @@ perl_eval_sv(SV *sv, I32 flags)
 	    retval = 1;
 	    *++PL_stack_sp = &PL_sv_undef;
 	}
-	goto cleanup;
+	break;
     }
 
-    if (PL_op == (OP*)&myop)
-	PL_op = pp_entereval(ARGS);
-    if (PL_op)
-	CALLRUNOPS();
-    retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
-    if (!(flags & G_KEEPERR))
-	sv_setpv(ERRSV,"");
-
-  cleanup:
-    JMPENV_POP;
     if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
 	PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
 	retval = 0;
@@ -1436,21 +1421,23 @@ perl_eval_sv(SV *sv, I32 flags)
 }
 
 SV*
-perl_eval_pv(char *p, I32 croak_on_error)
+Perl_eval_pv(pTHX_ const char *p, I32 croak_on_error)
 {
     dSP;
     SV* sv = newSVpv(p, 0);
 
     PUSHMARK(SP);
-    perl_eval_sv(sv, G_SCALAR);
+    eval_sv(sv, G_SCALAR);
     SvREFCNT_dec(sv);
 
     SPAGAIN;
     sv = POPs;
     PUTBACK;
 
-    if (croak_on_error && SvTRUE(ERRSV))
-	croak(SvPVx(ERRSV, PL_na));
+    if (croak_on_error && SvTRUE(ERRSV)) {
+	STRLEN n_a;
+	Perl_croak(aTHX_ SvPVx(ERRSV, n_a));
+    }
 
     return sv;
 }
@@ -1458,7 +1445,7 @@ perl_eval_pv(char *p, I32 croak_on_error)
 /* Require a module. */
 
 void
-perl_require_pv(char *pv)
+Perl_require_pv(pTHX_ const char *pv)
 {
     SV* sv;
     dSP;
@@ -1468,13 +1455,13 @@ perl_require_pv(char *pv)
     sv_setpv(sv, "require '");
     sv_catpv(sv, pv);
     sv_catpv(sv, "'");
-    perl_eval_sv(sv, G_DISCARD);
+    eval_sv(sv, G_DISCARD);
     SPAGAIN;
     POPSTACK;
 }
 
 void
-magicname(char *sym, char *name, I32 namlen)
+Perl_magicname(pTHX_ char *sym, char *name, I32 namlen)
 {
     register GV *gv;
 
@@ -1483,8 +1470,7 @@ magicname(char *sym, char *name, I32 namlen)
 }
 
 STATIC void
-usage(char *name)		/* XXX move this out into a module ? */
-           
+S_usage(pTHX_ char *name)		/* XXX move this out into a module ? */
 {
     /* This message really ought to be max 23 lines.
      * Removed -h because the user already knows that opton. Others? */
@@ -1493,25 +1479,25 @@ usage(char *name)		/* XXX move this out into a module ? */
 "-0[octal]       specify record separator (\\0, if no argument)",
 "-a              autosplit mode with -n or -p (splits $_ into @F)",
 "-c              check syntax only (runs BEGIN and END blocks)",
-"-d[:debugger]   run scripts under debugger",
-"-D[number/list] set debugging flags (argument is a bit mask or flags)",
-"-e 'command'    one line of script. Several -e's allowed. Omit [programfile].",
-"-F/pattern/     split() pattern for autosplit (-a). The //'s are optional.",
-"-i[extension]   edit <> files in place (make backup if extension supplied)",
-"-Idirectory     specify @INC/#include directory (may be used more than once)",
+"-d[:debugger]   run program under debugger",
+"-D[number/list] set debugging flags (argument is a bit mask or alphabets)",
+"-e 'command'    one line of program (several -e's allowed, omit programfile)",
+"-F/pattern/     split() pattern for -a switch (//'s are optional)",
+"-i[extension]   edit <> files in place (makes backup if extension supplied)",
+"-Idirectory     specify @INC/#include directory (several -I's allowed)",
 "-l[octal]       enable line ending processing, specifies line terminator",
-"-[mM][-]module.. executes `use/no module...' before executing your script.",
-"-n              assume 'while (<>) { ... }' loop around your script",
-"-p              assume loop like -n but print line also like sed",
-"-P              run script through C preprocessor before compilation",
-"-s              enable some switch parsing for switches after script name",
-"-S              look for the script using PATH environment variable",
-"-T              turn on tainting checks",
-"-u              dump core after parsing script",
+"-[mM][-]module  execute `use/no module...' before executing program",
+"-n              assume 'while (<>) { ... }' loop around program",
+"-p              assume loop like -n but print line also, like sed",
+"-P              run program through C preprocessor before compilation",
+"-s              enable rudimentary parsing for switches after programfile",
+"-S              look for programfile using PATH environment variable",
+"-T              enable tainting checks",
+"-u              dump core after parsing program",
 "-U              allow unsafe operations",
-"-v              print version number, patchlevel plus VERY IMPORTANT perl info",
-"-V[:variable]   print perl configuration information",
-"-w              TURN WARNINGS ON FOR COMPILATION OF YOUR SCRIPT. Recommended.",
+"-v              print version, subversion (includes VERY IMPORTANT perl info)",
+"-V[:variable]   print configuration summary (or a single Config.pm variable)",
+"-w              enable many useful warnings (RECOMMENDED)",
 "-x[directory]   strip off text before #!perl line and perhaps cd to directory",
 "\n",
 NULL
@@ -1526,7 +1512,7 @@ NULL
 /* This routine handles any switches that can be given during run */
 
 char *
-moreswitches(char *s)
+Perl_moreswitches(pTHX_ char *s)
 {
     I32 numlen;
     U32 rschar;
@@ -1540,10 +1526,10 @@ moreswitches(char *s)
 	if (rschar & ~((U8)~0))
 	    PL_nrs = &PL_sv_undef;
 	else if (!rschar && numlen >= 2)
-	    PL_nrs = newSVpv("", 0);
+	    PL_nrs = newSVpvn("", 0);
 	else {
 	    char ch = rschar;
-	    PL_nrs = newSVpv(&ch, 1);
+	    PL_nrs = newSVpvn(&ch, 1);
 	}
 	return s + numlen;
     }
@@ -1564,7 +1550,7 @@ moreswitches(char *s)
 	forbid_setid("-d");
 	s++;
 	if (*s == ':' || *s == '=')  {
-	    my_setenv("PERL5DB", form("use Devel::%s;", ++s));
+	    my_setenv("PERL5DB", Perl_form(aTHX_ "use Devel::%s;", ++s));
 	    s += strlen(s);
 	}
 	if (!PL_perldb) {
@@ -1573,6 +1559,7 @@ moreswitches(char *s)
 	}
 	return s;
     case 'D':
+    {	
 #ifdef DEBUGGING
 	forbid_setid("-D");
 	if (isALPHA(s[1])) {
@@ -1588,11 +1575,15 @@ moreswitches(char *s)
 	}
 	PL_debug |= 0x80000000;
 #else
-	warn("Recompile perl with -DDEBUGGING to use -D switch\n");
+	dTHR;
+	if (ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
+	    Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_DEBUGGING,
+	           "Recompile perl with -DDEBUGGING to use -D switch\n");
 	for (s++; isALNUM(*s); s++) ;
 #endif
 	/*SUPPRESS 530*/
 	return s;
+    }	
     case 'h':
 	usage(PL_origargv[0]);    
 	PerlProc_exit(0);
@@ -1622,7 +1613,7 @@ moreswitches(char *s)
 	    s = e;
 	}
 	else
-	    croak("No space allowed after -I");
+	    Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No space allowed after -I");
 	return s;
     case 'l':
 	PL_minus_l = TRUE;
@@ -1665,7 +1656,7 @@ moreswitches(char *s)
 		sv_catpv(sv, start);
 		if (*(start-1) == 'm') {
 		    if (*s != '\0')
-			croak("Can't use '%c' after -mname", *s);
+			Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use '%c' after -mname", *s);
 		    sv_catpv( sv, " ()");
 		}
 	    } else {
@@ -1680,7 +1671,7 @@ moreswitches(char *s)
 	    av_push(PL_preambleav, sv);
 	}
 	else
-	    croak("No space allowed after -%c", *(s-1));
+	    Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No space allowed after -%c", *(s-1));
 	return s;
     case 'n':
 	PL_minus_n = TRUE;
@@ -1697,7 +1688,7 @@ moreswitches(char *s)
 	return s;
     case 'T':
 	if (!PL_tainting)
-	    croak("Too late for \"-T\" option");
+	    Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Too late for \"-T\" option");
 	s++;
 	return s;
     case 'u':
@@ -1709,9 +1700,9 @@ moreswitches(char *s)
 	s++;
 	return s;
     case 'v':
-#if defined(SUBVERSION) && SUBVERSION > 0
-	printf("\nThis is perl, version 5.%03d_%02d built for %s",
-	    PATCHLEVEL, SUBVERSION, ARCHNAME);
+#if defined(PERL_SUBVERSION) && PERL_SUBVERSION > 0
+	printf("\nThis is perl, version %d.%03d_%02d built for %s",
+	    PERL_REVISION, PERL_VERSION, PERL_SUBVERSION, ARCHNAME);
 #else
 	printf("\nThis is perl, version %s built for %s",
 		PL_patchlevel, ARCHNAME);
@@ -1722,35 +1713,41 @@ moreswitches(char *s)
 		LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT, (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT!=1) ? "es" : "");
 #endif
 
-	printf("\n\nCopyright 1987-1998, Larry Wall\n");
+	printf("\n\nCopyright 1987-1999, Larry Wall\n");
 #ifdef MSDOS
 	printf("\nMS-DOS port Copyright (c) 1989, 1990, Diomidis Spinellis\n");
 #endif
 #ifdef DJGPP
 	printf("djgpp v2 port (jpl5003c) by Hirofumi Watanabe, 1996\n");
-	printf("djgpp v2 port (perl5004+) by Laszlo Molnar, 1997-1998\n");
+	printf("djgpp v2 port (perl5004+) by Laszlo Molnar, 1997-1999\n");
 #endif
 #ifdef OS2
 	printf("\n\nOS/2 port Copyright (c) 1990, 1991, Raymond Chen, Kai Uwe Rommel\n"
-	    "Version 5 port Copyright (c) 1994-1998, Andreas Kaiser, Ilya Zakharevich\n");
+	    "Version 5 port Copyright (c) 1994-1999, Andreas Kaiser, Ilya Zakharevich\n");
 #endif
 #ifdef atarist
 	printf("atariST series port, ++jrb  bammi@cadence.com\n");
 #endif
 #ifdef __BEOS__
-	printf("BeOS port Copyright Tom Spindler, 1997-1998\n");
+	printf("BeOS port Copyright Tom Spindler, 1997-1999\n");
 #endif
 #ifdef MPE
-	printf("MPE/iX port Copyright by Mark Klein and Mark Bixby, 1996-1998\n");
+	printf("MPE/iX port Copyright by Mark Klein and Mark Bixby, 1996-1999\n");
 #endif
 #ifdef OEMVS
-	printf("MVS (OS390) port by Mortice Kern Systems, 1997-1998\n");
+	printf("MVS (OS390) port by Mortice Kern Systems, 1997-1999\n");
 #endif
 #ifdef __VOS__
-	printf("Stratus VOS port by Paul_Green@stratus.com, 1997-1998\n");
+	printf("Stratus VOS port by Paul_Green@stratus.com, 1997-1999\n");
 #endif
 #ifdef __OPEN_VM
-	printf("VM/ESA port by Neale Ferguson, 1998\n");
+	printf("VM/ESA port by Neale Ferguson, 1998-1999\n");
+#endif
+#ifdef POSIX_BC
+	printf("BS2000 (POSIX) port by Start Amadeus GmbH, 1998-1999\n");
+#endif
+#ifdef __MINT__
+	printf("MiNT port by Guido Flohr, 1997-1999\n");
 #endif
 #ifdef BINARY_BUILD_NOTICE
 	BINARY_BUILD_NOTICE;
@@ -1799,7 +1796,7 @@ Internet, point your browser at http://www.perl.com/, the Perl Home Page.\n\n");
 	    return s+1;
 	/* FALL THROUGH */
     default:
-	croak("Can't emulate -%.1s on #! line",s);
+	Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't emulate -%.1s on #! line",s);
     }
     return Nullch;
 }
@@ -1810,7 +1807,7 @@ Internet, point your browser at http://www.perl.com/, the Perl Home Page.\n\n");
 /* Known to work with -DUNEXEC and using unexelf.c from GNU emacs-20.2 */
 
 void
-my_unexec(void)
+Perl_my_unexec(pTHX)
 {
 #ifdef UNEXEC
     SV*    prog;
@@ -1838,7 +1835,7 @@ my_unexec(void)
 
 /* initialize curinterp */
 STATIC void
-init_interp(void)
+S_init_interp(pTHX)
 {
 
 #ifdef PERL_OBJECT		/* XXX kludge */
@@ -1850,6 +1847,7 @@ init_interp(void)
     PL_curcopdb		= NULL;		\
     PL_dbargs		= 0;		\
     PL_dlmax		= 128;		\
+    PL_dumpindent	= 4;		\
     PL_laststatval	= -1;		\
     PL_laststype	= OP_STAT;	\
     PL_maxscream	= -1;		\
@@ -1872,22 +1870,31 @@ init_interp(void)
     PL_profiledata	= NULL;		\
     PL_rsfp		= Nullfp;	\
     PL_rsfp_filters	= Nullav;	\
+    PL_dirty		= FALSE;	\
   } STMT_END
     I_REINIT;
 #else
 #  ifdef MULTIPLICITY
 #    define PERLVAR(var,type)
-#    define PERLVARI(var,type,init)	PL_curinterp->var = init;
-#    define PERLVARIC(var,type,init)	PL_curinterp->var = init;
+#    define PERLVARA(var,n,type)
+#    if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
+#      define PERLVARI(var,type,init)	my_perl->var = init;
+#      define PERLVARIC(var,type,init)	my_perl->var = init;
+#    else
+#      define PERLVARI(var,type,init)	PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
+#      define PERLVARIC(var,type,init)	PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
+#    endif
 #    include "intrpvar.h"
 #    ifndef USE_THREADS
 #      include "thrdvar.h"
 #    endif
 #    undef PERLVAR
+#    undef PERLVARA
 #    undef PERLVARI
 #    undef PERLVARIC
-#    else
+#  else
 #    define PERLVAR(var,type)
+#    define PERLVARA(var,n,type)
 #    define PERLVARI(var,type,init)	PL_##var = init;
 #    define PERLVARIC(var,type,init)	PL_##var = init;
 #    include "intrpvar.h"
@@ -1895,6 +1902,7 @@ init_interp(void)
 #      include "thrdvar.h"
 #    endif
 #    undef PERLVAR
+#    undef PERLVARA
 #    undef PERLVARI
 #    undef PERLVARIC
 #  endif
@@ -1903,7 +1911,7 @@ init_interp(void)
 }
 
 STATIC void
-init_main_stash(void)
+S_init_main_stash(pTHX)
 {
     dTHR;
     GV *gv;
@@ -1919,7 +1927,7 @@ init_main_stash(void)
     hv_ksplit(PL_strtab, 512);
     
     PL_curstash = PL_defstash = newHV();
-    PL_curstname = newSVpv("main",4);
+    PL_curstname = newSVpvn("main",4);
     gv = gv_fetchpv("main::",TRUE, SVt_PVHV);
     SvREFCNT_dec(GvHV(gv));
     GvHV(gv) = (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(PL_defstash);
@@ -1934,7 +1942,7 @@ init_main_stash(void)
     GvMULTI_on(PL_errgv);
     PL_replgv = gv_fetchpv("\022", TRUE, SVt_PV); /* ^R */
     GvMULTI_on(PL_replgv);
-    (void)form("%240s","");	/* Preallocate temp - for immediate signals. */
+    (void)Perl_form(aTHX_ "%240s","");	/* Preallocate temp - for immediate signals. */
     sv_grow(ERRSV, 240);	/* Preallocate - for immediate signals. */
     sv_setpvn(ERRSV, "", 0);
     PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
@@ -1942,11 +1950,11 @@ init_main_stash(void)
     PL_debstash = GvHV(gv_fetchpv("DB::", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
     PL_globalstash = GvHV(gv_fetchpv("CORE::GLOBAL::", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
     /* We must init $/ before switches are processed. */
-    sv_setpvn(perl_get_sv("/", TRUE), "\n", 1);
+    sv_setpvn(get_sv("/", TRUE), "\n", 1);
 }
 
 STATIC void
-open_script(char *scriptname, bool dosearch, SV *sv, int *fdscript)
+S_open_script(pTHX_ char *scriptname, bool dosearch, SV *sv, int *fdscript)
 {
     dTHR;
     register char *s;
@@ -1985,18 +1993,18 @@ open_script(char *scriptname, bool dosearch, SV *sv, int *fdscript)
     }
     else if (PL_preprocess) {
 	char *cpp_cfg = CPPSTDIN;
-	SV *cpp = newSVpv("",0);
+	SV *cpp = newSVpvn("",0);
 	SV *cmd = NEWSV(0,0);
 
 	if (strEQ(cpp_cfg, "cppstdin"))
-	    sv_catpvf(cpp, "%s/", BIN_EXP);
+	    Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ cpp, "%s/", BIN_EXP);
 	sv_catpv(cpp, cpp_cfg);
 
 	sv_catpv(sv,"-I");
 	sv_catpv(sv,PRIVLIB_EXP);
 
 #ifdef MSDOS
-	sv_setpvf(cmd, "\
+	Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ cmd, "\
 sed %s -e \"/^[^#]/b\" \
  -e \"/^#[ 	]*include[ 	]/b\" \
  -e \"/^#[ 	]*define[ 	]/b\" \
@@ -2012,7 +2020,7 @@ sed %s -e \"/^[^#]/b\" \
 	  (PL_doextract ? "-e \"1,/^#/d\n\"" : ""),
 #else
 #  ifdef __OPEN_VM
-	sv_setpvf(cmd, "\
+	Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ cmd, "\
 %s %s -e '/^[^#]/b' \
  -e '/^#[ 	]*include[ 	]/b' \
  -e '/^#[ 	]*define[ 	]/b' \
@@ -2026,7 +2034,7 @@ sed %s -e \"/^[^#]/b\" \
  -e 's/^[ 	]*#.*//' \
  %s | %_ %_ %s",
 #  else
-	sv_setpvf(cmd, "\
+	Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ cmd, "\
 %s %s -e '/^[^#]/b' \
  -e '/^#[ 	]*include[ 	]/b' \
  -e '/^#[ 	]*define[ 	]/b' \
@@ -2065,7 +2073,7 @@ sed %s -e \"/^[^#]/b\" \
 #endif
 #endif
 	    if (PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_uid)
-		croak("Can't do seteuid!\n");
+		Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do seteuid!\n");
 	}
 #endif /* IAMSUID */
 	PL_rsfp = PerlProc_popen(SvPVX(cmd), "r");
@@ -2091,18 +2099,89 @@ sed %s -e \"/^[^#]/b\" \
 	    PL_statbuf.st_mode & (S_ISUID|S_ISGID))
 	{
 	    /* try again */
-	    PerlProc_execv(form("%s/sperl%s", BIN_EXP, PL_patchlevel), PL_origargv);
-	    croak("Can't do setuid\n");
+	    PerlProc_execv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s/sperl%s", BIN_EXP, PL_patchlevel), PL_origargv);
+	    Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setuid\n");
 	}
 #endif
 #endif
-	croak("Can't open perl script \"%s\": %s\n",
+	Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't open perl script \"%s\": %s\n",
 	  SvPVX(GvSV(PL_curcop->cop_filegv)), Strerror(errno));
     }
 }
 
+/* Mention
+ * I_SYSSTATVFS	HAS_FSTATVFS
+ * I_SYSMOUNT
+ * I_STATFS	HAS_FSTATFS
+ * I_MNTENT	HAS_GETMNTENT	HAS_HASMNTOPT
+ * here so that metaconfig picks them up. */
+
+#ifdef IAMSUID
+STATIC int
+S_fd_on_nosuid_fs(pTHX_ int fd)
+{
+    int on_nosuid  = 0;
+    int check_okay = 0;
+/*
+ * Preferred order: fstatvfs(), fstatfs(), getmntent().
+ * fstatvfs() is UNIX98.
+ * fstatfs() is BSD.
+ * getmntent() is O(number-of-mounted-filesystems) and can hang.
+ */
+
+#   ifdef HAS_FSTATVFS
+    struct statvfs stfs;
+    check_okay = fstatvfs(fd, &stfs) == 0;
+    on_nosuid  = check_okay && (stfs.f_flag  & ST_NOSUID);
+#   else
+#       if defined(HAS_FSTATFS) && defined(HAS_STRUCT_STATFS_FLAGS)
+    struct statfs  stfs;
+    check_okay = fstatfs(fd, &stfs)  == 0;
+#           undef PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID
+#           if !defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID) && defined(MNT_NOSUID)
+#              define PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID MNT_NOSUID
+#           endif
+#           if !defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID) && defined(MS_NOSUID)
+#              define PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID MS_NOSUID
+#           endif
+#           if !defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID) && defined(M_NOSUID)
+#              define PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID M_NOSUID
+#           endif
+#           ifdef PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID
+    on_nosuid  = check_okay && (stfs.f_flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID);
+#           endif
+#       else
+#           if defined(HAS_GETMNTENT) && defined(HAS_HASMNTOPT) && defined(MNTOPT_NOSUID)
+    FILE		*mtab = fopen("/etc/mtab", "r");
+    struct mntent	*entry;
+    struct stat		stb, fsb;
+
+    if (mtab && (fstat(fd, &stb) == 0)) {
+	while (entry = getmntent(mtab)) {
+	    if (stat(entry->mnt_dir, &fsb) == 0
+		&& fsb.st_dev == stb.st_dev)
+	    {
+		/* found the filesystem */
+		check_okay = 1;
+		if (hasmntopt(entry, MNTOPT_NOSUID))
+		    on_nosuid = 1;
+		break;
+	    } /* A single fs may well fail its stat(). */
+	}
+    }
+    if (mtab)
+	fclose(mtab);
+#           endif /* mntent */
+#       endif /* statfs */
+#   endif /* statvfs */
+    if (!check_okay) 
+	Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't check filesystem of script \"%s\"", PL_origfilename);
+    return on_nosuid;
+}
+#endif /* IAMSUID */
+
 STATIC void
-validate_suid(char *validarg, char *scriptname, int fdscript)
+S_validate_suid(pTHX_ char *validarg, char *scriptname, int fdscript)
 {
     int which;
 
@@ -2131,9 +2210,10 @@ validate_suid(char *validarg, char *scriptname, int fdscript)
     char *s, *s2;
 
     if (PerlLIO_fstat(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),&PL_statbuf) < 0)	/* normal stat is insecure */
-	croak("Can't stat script \"%s\"",PL_origfilename);
+	Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't stat script \"%s\"",PL_origfilename);
     if (fdscript < 0 && PL_statbuf.st_mode & (S_ISUID|S_ISGID)) {
 	I32 len;
+	STRLEN n_a;
 
 #ifdef IAMSUID
 #ifndef HAS_SETREUID
@@ -2146,7 +2226,7 @@ validate_suid(char *validarg, char *scriptname, int fdscript)
 	 * it says access() is useful in setuid programs.
 	 */
 	if (PerlLIO_access(SvPVX(GvSV(PL_curcop->cop_filegv)),1)) /*double check*/
-	    croak("Permission denied");
+	    Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Permission denied");
 #else
 	/* If we can swap euid and uid, then we can determine access rights
 	 * with a simple stat of the file, and then compare device and
@@ -2165,9 +2245,13 @@ validate_suid(char *validarg, char *scriptname, int fdscript)
 # endif
 #endif
 		|| PerlProc_getuid() != PL_euid || PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_uid)
-		croak("Can't swap uid and euid");	/* really paranoid */
+		Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't swap uid and euid");	/* really paranoid */
 	    if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(GvSV(PL_curcop->cop_filegv)),&tmpstatbuf) < 0)
-		croak("Permission denied");	/* testing full pathname here */
+		Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Permission denied");	/* testing full pathname here */
+#if defined(IAMSUID) && !defined(NO_NOSUID_CHECK)
+	    if (fd_on_nosuid_fs(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp)))
+		Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Permission denied");
+#endif
 	    if (tmpstatbuf.st_dev != PL_statbuf.st_dev ||
 		tmpstatbuf.st_ino != PL_statbuf.st_ino) {
 		(void)PerlIO_close(PL_rsfp);
@@ -2181,7 +2265,7 @@ validate_suid(char *validarg, char *scriptname, int fdscript)
 			(long)PL_statbuf.st_uid, (long)PL_statbuf.st_gid);
 		    (void)PerlProc_pclose(PL_rsfp);
 		}
-		croak("Permission denied\n");
+		Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Permission denied\n");
 	    }
 	    if (
 #ifdef HAS_SETREUID
@@ -2192,29 +2276,29 @@ validate_suid(char *validarg, char *scriptname, int fdscript)
 # endif
 #endif
               || PerlProc_getuid() != PL_uid || PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_euid)
-		croak("Can't reswap uid and euid");
+		Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't reswap uid and euid");
 	    if (!cando(S_IXUSR,FALSE,&PL_statbuf))		/* can real uid exec? */
-		croak("Permission denied\n");
+		Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Permission denied\n");
 	}
 #endif /* HAS_SETREUID */
 #endif /* IAMSUID */
 
 	if (!S_ISREG(PL_statbuf.st_mode))
-	    croak("Permission denied");
+	    Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Permission denied");
 	if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_IWOTH)
-	    croak("Setuid/gid script is writable by world");
+	    Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid/gid script is writable by world");
 	PL_doswitches = FALSE;		/* -s is insecure in suid */
 	PL_curcop->cop_line++;
 	if (sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0) == Nullch ||
-	  strnNE(SvPV(PL_linestr,PL_na),"#!",2) )	/* required even on Sys V */
-	    croak("No #! line");
-	s = SvPV(PL_linestr,PL_na)+2;
+	  strnNE(SvPV(PL_linestr,n_a),"#!",2) )	/* required even on Sys V */
+	    Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No #! line");
+	s = SvPV(PL_linestr,n_a)+2;
 	if (*s == ' ') s++;
 	while (!isSPACE(*s)) s++;
-	for (s2 = s;  (s2 > SvPV(PL_linestr,PL_na)+2 &&
+	for (s2 = s;  (s2 > SvPV(PL_linestr,n_a)+2 &&
 		       (isDIGIT(s2[-1]) || strchr("._-", s2[-1])));  s2--) ;
 	if (strnNE(s2-4,"perl",4) && strnNE(s-9,"perl",4))  /* sanity check */
-	    croak("Not a perl script");
+	    Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Not a perl script");
 	while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t') s++;
 	/*
 	 * #! arg must be what we saw above.  They can invoke it by
@@ -2224,13 +2308,13 @@ validate_suid(char *validarg, char *scriptname, int fdscript)
 	len = strlen(validarg);
 	if (strEQ(validarg," PHOOEY ") ||
 	    strnNE(s,validarg,len) || !isSPACE(s[len]))
-	    croak("Args must match #! line");
+	    Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Args must match #! line");
 
 #ifndef IAMSUID
 	if (PL_euid != PL_uid && (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID) &&
 	    PL_euid == PL_statbuf.st_uid)
 	    if (!PL_do_undump)
-		croak("YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET!\n\
+		Perl_croak(aTHX_ "YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET!\n\
 FIX YOUR KERNEL, PUT A C WRAPPER AROUND THIS SCRIPT, OR USE -u AND UNDUMP!\n");
 #endif /* IAMSUID */
 
@@ -2238,9 +2322,9 @@ FIX YOUR KERNEL, PUT A C WRAPPER AROUND THIS SCRIPT, OR USE -u AND UNDUMP!\n");
 	    (void)PerlIO_close(PL_rsfp);
 #ifndef IAMSUID
 	    /* try again */
-	    PerlProc_execv(form("%s/sperl%s", BIN_EXP, PL_patchlevel), PL_origargv);
+	    PerlProc_execv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s/sperl%s", BIN_EXP, PL_patchlevel), PL_origargv);
 #endif
-	    croak("Can't do setuid\n");
+	    Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setuid\n");
 	}
 
 	if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISGID && PL_statbuf.st_gid != PL_egid) {
@@ -2258,7 +2342,7 @@ FIX YOUR KERNEL, PUT A C WRAPPER AROUND THIS SCRIPT, OR USE -u AND UNDUMP!\n");
 #endif
 #endif
 	    if (PerlProc_getegid() != PL_statbuf.st_gid)
-		croak("Can't do setegid!\n");
+		Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setegid!\n");
 	}
 	if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID) {
 	    if (PL_statbuf.st_uid != PL_euid)
@@ -2276,7 +2360,7 @@ FIX YOUR KERNEL, PUT A C WRAPPER AROUND THIS SCRIPT, OR USE -u AND UNDUMP!\n");
 #endif
 #endif
 	    if (PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_statbuf.st_uid)
-		croak("Can't do seteuid!\n");
+		Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do seteuid!\n");
 	}
 	else if (PL_uid) {			/* oops, mustn't run as root */
 #ifdef HAS_SETEUID
@@ -2293,19 +2377,19 @@ FIX YOUR KERNEL, PUT A C WRAPPER AROUND THIS SCRIPT, OR USE -u AND UNDUMP!\n");
 #endif
 #endif
 	    if (PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_uid)
-		croak("Can't do seteuid!\n");
+		Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do seteuid!\n");
 	}
 	init_ids();
 	if (!cando(S_IXUSR,TRUE,&PL_statbuf))
-	    croak("Permission denied\n");	/* they can't do this */
+	    Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Permission denied\n");	/* they can't do this */
     }
 #ifdef IAMSUID
     else if (PL_preprocess)
-	croak("-P not allowed for setuid/setgid script\n");
+	Perl_croak(aTHX_ "-P not allowed for setuid/setgid script\n");
     else if (fdscript >= 0)
-	croak("fd script not allowed in suidperl\n");
+	Perl_croak(aTHX_ "fd script not allowed in suidperl\n");
     else
-	croak("Script is not setuid/setgid in suidperl\n");
+	Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Script is not setuid/setgid in suidperl\n");
 
     /* We absolutely must clear out any saved ids here, so we */
     /* exec the real perl, substituting fd script for scriptname. */
@@ -2314,14 +2398,14 @@ FIX YOUR KERNEL, PUT A C WRAPPER AROUND THIS SCRIPT, OR USE -u AND UNDUMP!\n");
     PerlLIO_lseek(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),(Off_t)0,0);  /* just in case rewind didn't */
     for (which = 1; PL_origargv[which] && PL_origargv[which] != scriptname; which++) ;
     if (!PL_origargv[which])
-	croak("Permission denied");
-    PL_origargv[which] = savepv(form("/dev/fd/%d/%s",
+	Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Permission denied");
+    PL_origargv[which] = savepv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "/dev/fd/%d/%s",
 				  PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp), PL_origargv[which]));
 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
     fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,0);	/* ensure no close-on-exec */
 #endif
-    PerlProc_execv(form("%s/perl%s", BIN_EXP, PL_patchlevel), PL_origargv);/* try again */
-    croak("Can't do setuid\n");
+    PerlProc_execv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s/perl%s", BIN_EXP, PL_patchlevel), PL_origargv);/* try again */
+    Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setuid\n");
 #endif /* IAMSUID */
 #else /* !DOSUID */
     if (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid) {	/* (suidperl doesn't exist, in fact) */
@@ -2333,7 +2417,7 @@ FIX YOUR KERNEL, PUT A C WRAPPER AROUND THIS SCRIPT, OR USE -u AND UNDUMP!\n");
 	    (PL_egid != PL_gid && PL_egid == PL_statbuf.st_gid && PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISGID)
 	   )
 	    if (!PL_do_undump)
-		croak("YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET!\n\
+		Perl_croak(aTHX_ "YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET!\n\
 FIX YOUR KERNEL, PUT A C WRAPPER AROUND THIS SCRIPT, OR USE -u AND UNDUMP!\n");
 #endif /* SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW */
 	/* not set-id, must be wrapped */
@@ -2342,7 +2426,7 @@ FIX YOUR KERNEL, PUT A C WRAPPER AROUND THIS SCRIPT, OR USE -u AND UNDUMP!\n");
 }
 
 STATIC void
-find_beginning(void)
+S_find_beginning(pTHX)
 {
     register char *s, *s2;
 
@@ -2351,7 +2435,7 @@ find_beginning(void)
     forbid_setid("-x");
     while (PL_doextract) {
 	if ((s = sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0)) == Nullch)
-	    croak("No Perl script found in input\n");
+	    Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No Perl script found in input\n");
 	if (*s == '#' && s[1] == '!' && (s = instr(s,"perl"))) {
 	    PerlIO_ungetc(PL_rsfp, '\n');		/* to keep line count right */
 	    PL_doextract = FALSE;
@@ -2365,14 +2449,14 @@ find_beginning(void)
 		    while (s = moreswitches(s)) ;
 	    }
 	    if (PL_cddir && PerlDir_chdir(PL_cddir) < 0)
-		croak("Can't chdir to %s",PL_cddir);
+		Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't chdir to %s",PL_cddir);
 	}
     }
 }
 
 
 STATIC void
-init_ids(void)
+S_init_ids(pTHX)
 {
     PL_uid = (int)PerlProc_getuid();
     PL_euid = (int)PerlProc_geteuid();
@@ -2386,31 +2470,34 @@ init_ids(void)
 }
 
 STATIC void
-forbid_setid(char *s)
+S_forbid_setid(pTHX_ char *s)
 {
     if (PL_euid != PL_uid)
-        croak("No %s allowed while running setuid", s);
+        Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed while running setuid", s);
     if (PL_egid != PL_gid)
-        croak("No %s allowed while running setgid", s);
+        Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed while running setgid", s);
 }
 
-STATIC void
-init_debugger(void)
+void
+Perl_init_debugger(pTHX)
 {
     dTHR;
+    HV *ostash = PL_curstash;
+
     PL_curstash = PL_debstash;
     PL_dbargs = GvAV(gv_AVadd((gv_fetchpv("args", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVAV))));
     AvREAL_off(PL_dbargs);
     PL_DBgv = gv_fetchpv("DB", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVGV);
     PL_DBline = gv_fetchpv("dbline", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVAV);
     PL_DBsub = gv_HVadd(gv_fetchpv("sub", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
+    sv_upgrade(GvSV(PL_DBsub), SVt_IV);	/* IVX accessed if PERLDB_SUB_NN */
     PL_DBsingle = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("single", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
     sv_setiv(PL_DBsingle, 0); 
     PL_DBtrace = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("trace", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
     sv_setiv(PL_DBtrace, 0); 
     PL_DBsignal = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("signal", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
     sv_setiv(PL_DBsignal, 0); 
-    PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
+    PL_curstash = ostash;
 }
 
 #ifndef STRESS_REALLOC
@@ -2420,7 +2507,7 @@ init_debugger(void)
 #endif
 
 void
-init_stacks(ARGSproto)
+Perl_init_stacks(pTHX)
 {
     /* start with 128-item stack and 8K cxstack */
     PL_curstackinfo = new_stackinfo(REASONABLE(128),
@@ -2460,7 +2547,7 @@ init_stacks(ARGSproto)
 #undef REASONABLE
 
 STATIC void
-nuke_stacks(void)
+S_nuke_stacks(pTHX)
 {
     dTHR;
     while (PL_curstackinfo->si_next)
@@ -2488,7 +2575,7 @@ static PerlIO *tmpfp;  /* moved outside init_lexer() because of UNICOS bug */
 #endif
 
 STATIC void
-init_lexer(void)
+S_init_lexer(pTHX)
 {
 #ifdef PERL_OBJECT
 	PerlIO *tmpfp;
@@ -2497,38 +2584,42 @@ init_lexer(void)
     PL_rsfp = Nullfp;
     lex_start(PL_linestr);
     PL_rsfp = tmpfp;
-    PL_subname = newSVpv("main",4);
+    PL_subname = newSVpvn("main",4);
 }
 
 STATIC void
-init_predump_symbols(void)
+S_init_predump_symbols(pTHX)
 {
     dTHR;
     GV *tmpgv;
     GV *othergv;
+    IO *io;
 
-    sv_setpvn(perl_get_sv("\"", TRUE), " ", 1);
+    sv_setpvn(get_sv("\"", TRUE), " ", 1);
     PL_stdingv = gv_fetchpv("STDIN",TRUE, SVt_PVIO);
     GvMULTI_on(PL_stdingv);
-    IoIFP(GvIOp(PL_stdingv)) = PerlIO_stdin();
+    io = GvIOp(PL_stdingv);
+    IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stdin();
     tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("stdin",TRUE, SVt_PV);
     GvMULTI_on(tmpgv);
-    GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(GvIOp(PL_stdingv));
+    GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(io);
 
     tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("STDOUT",TRUE, SVt_PVIO);
     GvMULTI_on(tmpgv);
-    IoOFP(GvIOp(tmpgv)) = IoIFP(GvIOp(tmpgv)) = PerlIO_stdout();
+    io = GvIOp(tmpgv);
+    IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stdout();
     setdefout(tmpgv);
     tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("stdout",TRUE, SVt_PV);
     GvMULTI_on(tmpgv);
-    GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(GvIOp(PL_defoutgv));
+    GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(io);
 
     othergv = gv_fetchpv("STDERR",TRUE, SVt_PVIO);
     GvMULTI_on(othergv);
-    IoOFP(GvIOp(othergv)) = IoIFP(GvIOp(othergv)) = PerlIO_stderr();
+    io = GvIOp(othergv);
+    IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stderr();
     tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("stderr",TRUE, SVt_PV);
     GvMULTI_on(tmpgv);
-    GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(GvIOp(othergv));
+    GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(io);
 
     PL_statname = NEWSV(66,0);		/* last filename we did stat on */
 
@@ -2537,7 +2628,7 @@ init_predump_symbols(void)
 }
 
 STATIC void
-init_postdump_symbols(register int argc, register char **argv, register char **env)
+S_init_postdump_symbols(pTHX_ register int argc, register char **argv, register char **env)
 {
     dTHR;
     char *s;
@@ -2589,7 +2680,7 @@ init_postdump_symbols(register int argc, register char **argv, register char **e
 	GvMULTI_on(PL_envgv);
 	hv = GvHVn(PL_envgv);
 	hv_magic(hv, PL_envgv, 'E');
-#ifndef VMS  /* VMS doesn't have environ array */
+#if !defined( VMS) && !defined(EPOC)  /* VMS doesn't have environ array */
 	/* Note that if the supplied env parameter is actually a copy
 	   of the global environ then it may now point to free'd memory
 	   if the environment has been modified since. To avoid this
@@ -2625,7 +2716,7 @@ init_postdump_symbols(register int argc, register char **argv, register char **e
 }
 
 STATIC void
-init_perllib(void)
+S_init_perllib(pTHX)
 {
     char *s;
     if (!PL_tainting) {
@@ -2678,6 +2769,13 @@ init_perllib(void)
     incpush(SITELIB_EXP, FALSE);
 #endif
 #endif
+#if defined(PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP)
+#if defined(WIN32) 
+    incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP, TRUE);
+#else
+    incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP, FALSE);
+#endif
+#endif
     if (!PL_tainting)
 	incpush(".", FALSE);
 }
@@ -2696,7 +2794,7 @@ init_perllib(void)
 #endif 
 
 STATIC void
-incpush(char *p, int addsubdirs)
+S_incpush(pTHX_ char *p, int addsubdirs)
 {
     SV *subdir = Nullsv;
 
@@ -2726,7 +2824,7 @@ incpush(char *p, int addsubdirs)
 	/* skip any consecutive separators */
 	while ( *p == PERLLIB_SEP ) {
 	    /* Uncomment the next line for PATH semantics */
-	    /* av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), newSVpv(".", 1)); */
+	    /* av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), newSVpvn(".", 1)); */
 	    p++;
 	}
 
@@ -2750,7 +2848,7 @@ incpush(char *p, int addsubdirs)
 	    char *unix;
 	    STRLEN len;
 
-	    if ((unix = tounixspec_ts(SvPV(libdir,PL_na),Nullch)) != Nullch) {
+	    if ((unix = tounixspec_ts(SvPV(libdir,len),Nullch)) != Nullch) {
 		len = strlen(unix);
 		while (unix[len-1] == '/') len--;  /* Cosmetic */
 		sv_usepvn(libdir,unix,len);
@@ -2758,7 +2856,7 @@ incpush(char *p, int addsubdirs)
 	    else
 		PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stderr(),
 		              "Failed to unixify @INC element \"%s\"\n",
-			      SvPV(libdir,PL_na));
+			      SvPV(libdir,len));
 #endif
 	    /* .../archname/version if -d .../archname/version/auto */
 	    sv_setsv(subdir, libdir);
@@ -2766,7 +2864,7 @@ incpush(char *p, int addsubdirs)
 	    if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(subdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 &&
 		  S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
 		av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv),
-			newSVpv(SvPVX(subdir), SvCUR(subdir) - sizeof "auto"));
+			newSVpvn(SvPVX(subdir), SvCUR(subdir) - sizeof "auto"));
 
 	    /* .../archname if -d .../archname/auto */
 	    sv_insert(subdir, SvCUR(libdir) + sizeof(ARCHNAME),
@@ -2774,7 +2872,7 @@ incpush(char *p, int addsubdirs)
 	    if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(subdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 &&
 		  S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
 		av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv),
-			newSVpv(SvPVX(subdir), SvCUR(subdir) - sizeof "auto"));
+			newSVpvn(SvPVX(subdir), SvCUR(subdir) - sizeof "auto"));
 	}
 
 	/* finally push this lib directory on the end of @INC */
@@ -2784,13 +2882,16 @@ incpush(char *p, int addsubdirs)
 
 #ifdef USE_THREADS
 STATIC struct perl_thread *
-init_main_thread()
+S_init_main_thread(pTHX)
 {
+#if !defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
     struct perl_thread *thr;
+#endif
     XPV *xpv;
 
     Newz(53, thr, 1, struct perl_thread);
     PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
+    thr->interp = PERL_GET_INTERP;
     thr->cvcache = newHV();
     thr->threadsv = newAV();
     /* thr->threadsvp is set when find_threadsv is called */
@@ -2810,6 +2911,7 @@ init_main_thread()
     *SvEND(PL_thrsv) = '\0';	/* in the trailing_nul field */
     thr->oursv = PL_thrsv;
     PL_chopset = " \n-";
+    PL_dumpindent = 4;
 
     MUTEX_LOCK(&PL_threads_mutex);
     PL_nthreads++;
@@ -2819,7 +2921,7 @@ init_main_thread()
     MUTEX_UNLOCK(&PL_threads_mutex);
 
 #ifdef HAVE_THREAD_INTERN
-    init_thread_intern(thr);
+    Perl_init_thread_intern(thr);
 #endif
 
 #ifdef SET_THREAD_SELF
@@ -2840,12 +2942,15 @@ init_main_thread()
     sv_upgrade(PL_bodytarget, SVt_PVFM);
     sv_setpvn(PL_bodytarget, "", 0);
     PL_formtarget = PL_bodytarget;
-    thr->errsv = newSVpv("", 0);
+    thr->errsv = newSVpvn("", 0);
     (void) find_threadsv("@");	/* Ensure $@ is initialised early */
 
     PL_maxscream = -1;
-    PL_regcompp = FUNC_NAME_TO_PTR(pregcomp);
-    PL_regexecp = FUNC_NAME_TO_PTR(regexec_flags);
+    PL_regcompp = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_pregcomp);
+    PL_regexecp = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_regexec_flags);
+    PL_regint_start = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_re_intuit_start);
+    PL_regint_string = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_re_intuit_string);
+    PL_regfree = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_pregfree);
     PL_regindent = 0;
     PL_reginterp_cnt = 0;
 
@@ -2854,38 +2959,32 @@ init_main_thread()
 #endif /* USE_THREADS */
 
 void
-call_list(I32 oldscope, AV *paramList)
+Perl_call_list(pTHX_ I32 oldscope, AV *paramList)
 {
     dTHR;
+    SV *atsv = ERRSV;
     line_t oldline = PL_curcop->cop_line;
+    CV *cv;
     STRLEN len;
-    dJMPENV;
     int ret;
 
     while (AvFILL(paramList) >= 0) {
-	CV *cv = (CV*)av_shift(paramList);
-
+	cv = (CV*)av_shift(paramList);
 	SAVEFREESV(cv);
-
-	JMPENV_PUSH(ret);
+	CALLPROTECT(aTHX_ &ret, MEMBER_TO_FPTR(S_call_list_body), cv);
 	switch (ret) {
-	case 0: {
-		SV* atsv = ERRSV;
-		PUSHMARK(PL_stack_sp);
-		perl_call_sv((SV*)cv, G_EVAL|G_DISCARD);
-		(void)SvPV(atsv, len);
-		if (len) {
-		    JMPENV_POP;
-		    PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
-		    PL_curcop->cop_line = oldline;
-		    if (paramList == PL_beginav)
-			sv_catpv(atsv, "BEGIN failed--compilation aborted");
-		    else
-			sv_catpv(atsv, "END failed--cleanup aborted");
-		    while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
-			LEAVE;
-		    croak("%s", SvPVX(atsv));
-		}
+	case 0:
+	    (void)SvPV(atsv, len);
+	    if (len) {
+		PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
+		PL_curcop->cop_line = oldline;
+		if (paramList == PL_beginav)
+		    sv_catpv(atsv, "BEGIN failed--compilation aborted");
+		else
+		    sv_catpv(atsv, "END failed--cleanup aborted");
+		while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
+		    LEAVE;
+		Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s", SvPVX(atsv));
 	    }
 	    break;
 	case 1:
@@ -2899,34 +2998,42 @@ call_list(I32 oldscope, AV *paramList)
 	    PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
 	    if (PL_endav)
 		call_list(oldscope, PL_endav);
-	    JMPENV_POP;
 	    PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
 	    PL_curcop->cop_line = oldline;
 	    if (PL_statusvalue) {
 		if (paramList == PL_beginav)
-		    croak("BEGIN failed--compilation aborted");
+		    Perl_croak(aTHX_ "BEGIN failed--compilation aborted");
 		else
-		    croak("END failed--cleanup aborted");
+		    Perl_croak(aTHX_ "END failed--cleanup aborted");
 	    }
 	    my_exit_jump();
 	    /* NOTREACHED */
 	case 3:
-	    if (!PL_restartop) {
-		PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stderr(), "panic: restartop\n");
-		FREETMPS;
-		break;
+	    if (PL_restartop) {
+		PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
+		PL_curcop->cop_line = oldline;
+		JMPENV_JUMP(3);
 	    }
-	    JMPENV_POP;
-	    PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
-	    PL_curcop->cop_line = oldline;
-	    JMPENV_JUMP(3);
+	    PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stderr(), "panic: restartop\n");
+	    FREETMPS;
+	    break;
 	}
-	JMPENV_POP;
     }
 }
 
+STATIC void *
+S_call_list_body(pTHX_ va_list args)
+{
+    dTHR;
+    CV *cv = va_arg(args, CV*);
+
+    PUSHMARK(PL_stack_sp);
+    call_sv((SV*)cv, G_EVAL|G_DISCARD);
+    return NULL;
+}
+
 void
-my_exit(U32 status)
+Perl_my_exit(pTHX_ U32 status)
 {
     dTHR;
 
@@ -2947,7 +3054,7 @@ my_exit(U32 status)
 }
 
 void
-my_failure_exit(void)
+Perl_my_failure_exit(pTHX)
 {
 #ifdef VMS
     if (vaxc$errno & 1) {
@@ -2976,9 +3083,9 @@ my_failure_exit(void)
 }
 
 STATIC void
-my_exit_jump(void)
+S_my_exit_jump(pTHX)
 {
-    dSP;
+    dTHR;
     register PERL_CONTEXT *cx;
     I32 gimme;
     SV **newsp;
@@ -3001,16 +3108,11 @@ my_exit_jump(void)
 
 #ifdef PERL_OBJECT
 #define NO_XSLOCKS
-#endif  /* PERL_OBJECT */
-
 #include "XSUB.h"
+#endif
 
 static I32
-#ifdef PERL_OBJECT
-read_e_script(CPerlObj *pPerl, int idx, SV *buf_sv, int maxlen)
-#else
-read_e_script(int idx, SV *buf_sv, int maxlen)
-#endif
+read_e_script(pTHXo_ int idx, SV *buf_sv, int maxlen)
 {
     char *p, *nl;
     p  = SvPVX(PL_e_script);