This is a live mirror of the Perl 5 development currently hosted at https://github.com/perl/perl5
Use SvTAIL() instead of BmFLAGS(). The core no longer uses BmFLAGS().
[perl5.git] / regexec.c
index 0fc5057..7587a7d 100644 (file)
--- a/regexec.c
+++ b/regexec.c
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@
 #  include "regcomp.h"
 #endif
 
-#define RF_tainted     1               /* tainted information used? */
+#define RF_tainted     1       /* tainted information used? e.g. locale */
 #define RF_warned      2               /* warned about big count? */
 
 #define RF_utf8                8               /* Pattern contains multibyte chars? */
@@ -94,9 +94,9 @@
 #define        STATIC  static
 #endif
 
-/* Valid for non-utf8 strings only: avoids the reginclass call if there are no
- * complications: i.e., if everything matchable is straight forward in the
- * bitmap */
+/* Valid for non-utf8 strings, non-ANYOFV nodes only: avoids the reginclass
+ * call if there are no complications: i.e., if everything matchable is
+ * straight forward in the bitmap */
 #define REGINCLASS(prog,p,c)  (ANYOF_FLAGS(p) ? reginclass(prog,p,c,0,0)   \
                                              : ANYOF_BITMAP_TEST(p,*(c)))
 
 
 /* these are unrolled below in the CCC_TRY_XXX defined */
 #define LOAD_UTF8_CHARCLASS(class,str) STMT_START { \
-    if (!CAT2(PL_utf8_,class)) { bool ok; ENTER; save_re_context(); ok=CAT2(is_utf8_,class)((const U8*)str); assert(ok); LEAVE; } } STMT_END
+    if (!CAT2(PL_utf8_,class)) { \
+       bool ok; \
+       ENTER; save_re_context(); \
+       ok=CAT2(is_utf8_,class)((const U8*)str); \
+       assert(ok); LEAVE; } } STMT_END
 
 /* Doesn't do an assert to verify that is correct */
 #define LOAD_UTF8_CHARCLASS_NO_CHECK(class) STMT_START { \
-    if (!CAT2(PL_utf8_,class)) { bool ok; ENTER; save_re_context(); ok=CAT2(is_utf8_,class)((const U8*)" "); LEAVE; } } STMT_END
+    if (!CAT2(PL_utf8_,class)) { \
+       bool throw_away __attribute__unused__; \
+       ENTER; save_re_context(); \
+       throw_away = CAT2(is_utf8_,class)((const U8*)" "); \
+       LEAVE; } } STMT_END
 
 #define LOAD_UTF8_CHARCLASS_ALNUM() LOAD_UTF8_CHARCLASS(alnum,"a")
 #define LOAD_UTF8_CHARCLASS_DIGIT() LOAD_UTF8_CHARCLASS(digit,"0")
        LOAD_UTF8_CHARCLASS_NO_CHECK(X_T);      /* U+11A8 "\xe1\x86\xa8" */ \
        LOAD_UTF8_CHARCLASS_NO_CHECK(X_V)       /* U+1160 "\xe1\x85\xa0" */  
 
-/* 
-   We dont use PERL_LEGACY_UNICODE_CHARCLASS_MAPPINGS as the direct test
-   so that it is possible to override the option here without having to 
-   rebuild the entire core. as we are required to do if we change regcomp.h
-   which is where PERL_LEGACY_UNICODE_CHARCLASS_MAPPINGS is defined.
-*/
-#if PERL_LEGACY_UNICODE_CHARCLASS_MAPPINGS
-#define BROKEN_UNICODE_CHARCLASS_MAPPINGS
-#endif
-
-#ifdef BROKEN_UNICODE_CHARCLASS_MAPPINGS
-#define LOAD_UTF8_CHARCLASS_PERL_WORD()   LOAD_UTF8_CHARCLASS_ALNUM()
-#define LOAD_UTF8_CHARCLASS_PERL_SPACE()  LOAD_UTF8_CHARCLASS_SPACE()
-#define LOAD_UTF8_CHARCLASS_POSIX_DIGIT() LOAD_UTF8_CHARCLASS_DIGIT()
-#define RE_utf8_perl_word   PL_utf8_alnum
-#define RE_utf8_perl_space  PL_utf8_space
-#define RE_utf8_posix_digit PL_utf8_digit
-#define perl_word  alnum
-#define perl_space space
-#define posix_digit digit
-#else
-#define LOAD_UTF8_CHARCLASS_PERL_WORD()   LOAD_UTF8_CHARCLASS(perl_word,"a")
-#define LOAD_UTF8_CHARCLASS_PERL_SPACE()  LOAD_UTF8_CHARCLASS(perl_space," ")
-#define LOAD_UTF8_CHARCLASS_POSIX_DIGIT() LOAD_UTF8_CHARCLASS(posix_digit,"0")
-#define RE_utf8_perl_word   PL_utf8_perl_word
-#define RE_utf8_perl_space  PL_utf8_perl_space
-#define RE_utf8_posix_digit PL_utf8_posix_digit
-#endif
-
-
-#define _CCC_TRY_AFF_COMMON(NAME,NAMEL,CLASS,STR,LCFUNC_utf8,FUNC)          \
-        case NAMEL:                                                         \
-            PL_reg_flags |= RF_tainted;                                     \
-            /* FALL THROUGH */                                              \
-        case NAME:                                                          \
-            if (!nextchr)                                                   \
-                sayNO;                                                      \
-            if (utf8_target && UTF8_IS_CONTINUED(nextchr)) {                \
-                if (!CAT2(PL_utf8_,CLASS)) {                                \
-                    bool ok;                                                \
-                    ENTER;                                                  \
-                    save_re_context();                                      \
-                    ok=CAT2(is_utf8_,CLASS)((const U8*)STR);                \
-                    assert(ok);                                             \
-                    LEAVE;                                                  \
-                }                                                           \
-                if (!(OP(scan) == NAME                                      \
-                    ? cBOOL(swash_fetch(CAT2(PL_utf8_,CLASS), (U8*)locinput, utf8_target))  \
-                    : LCFUNC_utf8((U8*)locinput)))                          \
-                {                                                           \
-                    sayNO;                                                  \
-                }                                                           \
-                locinput += PL_utf8skip[nextchr];                           \
-                nextchr = UCHARAT(locinput);                                \
-                break;                                                      \
-            }                                                               \
-           /* Drops through to the macro that calls this one */
-
-#define CCC_TRY_AFF(NAME,NAMEL,CLASS,STR,LCFUNC_utf8,FUNC,LCFUNC)           \
-    _CCC_TRY_AFF_COMMON(NAME,NAMEL,CLASS,STR,LCFUNC_utf8,FUNC)              \
-            if (!(OP(scan) == NAME ? FUNC(nextchr) : LCFUNC(nextchr)))      \
-                sayNO;                                                      \
-            nextchr = UCHARAT(++locinput);                                  \
-            break
-
-/* Almost identical to the above, but has a case for a node that matches chars
- * between 128 and 255 using Unicode (latin1) semantics. */
-#define CCC_TRY_AFF_U(NAME,NAMEL,CLASS,STR,LCFUNC_utf8,FUNCU,LCFUNC)         \
-    _CCC_TRY_AFF_COMMON(NAME,NAMEL,CLASS,STR,LCFUNC_utf8,FUNC)               \
-            if (!(OP(scan) == NAMEL ? LCFUNC(nextchr) : (FUNCU(nextchr) && (isASCII(nextchr) || (FLAGS(scan) & USE_UNI))))) \
-                sayNO;                                                       \
-            nextchr = UCHARAT(++locinput);                                   \
-            break
-
-#define _CCC_TRY_NEG_COMMON(NAME,NAMEL,CLASS,STR,LCFUNC_utf8,FUNC)           \
-        case NAMEL:                                                          \
-            PL_reg_flags |= RF_tainted;                                      \
-            /* FALL THROUGH */                                               \
-        case NAME :                                                          \
-            if (!nextchr && locinput >= PL_regeol)                           \
-                sayNO;                                                       \
-            if (utf8_target && UTF8_IS_CONTINUED(nextchr)) {                 \
-                if (!CAT2(PL_utf8_,CLASS)) {                                 \
-                    bool ok;                                                 \
-                    ENTER;                                                   \
-                    save_re_context();                                       \
-                    ok=CAT2(is_utf8_,CLASS)((const U8*)STR);                 \
-                    assert(ok);                                              \
-                    LEAVE;                                                   \
-                }                                                            \
-                if ((OP(scan) == NAME                                        \
-                    ? cBOOL(swash_fetch(CAT2(PL_utf8_,CLASS), (U8*)locinput, utf8_target))  \
-                    : LCFUNC_utf8((U8*)locinput)))                           \
-                {                                                            \
-                    sayNO;                                                   \
-                }                                                            \
-                locinput += PL_utf8skip[nextchr];                            \
-                nextchr = UCHARAT(locinput);                                 \
-                break;                                                       \
-            }
-
-#define CCC_TRY_NEG(NAME,NAMEL,CLASS,STR,LCFUNC_utf8,FUNC,LCFUNC)            \
-    _CCC_TRY_NEG_COMMON(NAME,NAMEL,CLASS,STR,LCFUNC_utf8,FUNC)               \
-            if ((OP(scan) == NAME ? FUNC(nextchr) : LCFUNC(nextchr)))        \
-                sayNO;                                                       \
-            nextchr = UCHARAT(++locinput);                                   \
-            break
-
-
-#define CCC_TRY_NEG_U(NAME,NAMEL,CLASS,STR,LCFUNC_utf8,FUNCU,LCFUNC)         \
-    _CCC_TRY_NEG_COMMON(NAME,NAMEL,CLASS,STR,LCFUNC_utf8,FUNCU)              \
-            if ((OP(scan) == NAMEL ? LCFUNC(nextchr) : (FUNCU(nextchr) && (isASCII(nextchr) || (FLAGS(scan) & USE_UNI))))) \
-                sayNO;                                                       \
-            nextchr = UCHARAT(++locinput);                                   \
-            break
-
-
+#define PLACEHOLDER    /* Something for the preprocessor to grab onto */
+
+/* The actual code for CCC_TRY, which uses several variables from the routine
+ * it's callable from.  It is designed to be the bulk of a case statement.
+ * FUNC is the macro or function to call on non-utf8 targets that indicate if
+ *      nextchr matches the class.
+ * UTF8_TEST is the whole test string to use for utf8 targets
+ * LOAD is what to use to test, and if not present to load in the swash for the
+ *     class
+ * POS_OR_NEG is either empty or ! to complement the results of FUNC or
+ *     UTF8_TEST test.
+ * The logic is: Fail if we're at the end-of-string; otherwise if the target is
+ * utf8 and a variant, load the swash if necessary and test using the utf8
+ * test.  Advance to the next character if test is ok, otherwise fail; If not
+ * utf8 or an invariant under utf8, use the non-utf8 test, and fail if it
+ * fails, or advance to the next character */
+
+#define _CCC_TRY_CODE(POS_OR_NEG, FUNC, UTF8_TEST, CLASS, STR)                \
+    if (locinput >= PL_regeol) {                                              \
+       sayNO;                                                                \
+    }                                                                         \
+    if (utf8_target && UTF8_IS_CONTINUED(nextchr)) {                          \
+       LOAD_UTF8_CHARCLASS(CLASS, STR);                                      \
+       if (POS_OR_NEG (UTF8_TEST)) {                                         \
+           sayNO;                                                            \
+       }                                                                     \
+       locinput += PL_utf8skip[nextchr];                                     \
+       nextchr = UCHARAT(locinput);                                          \
+       break;                                                                \
+    }                                                                         \
+    if (POS_OR_NEG (FUNC(nextchr))) {                                         \
+       sayNO;                                                                \
+    }                                                                         \
+    nextchr = UCHARAT(++locinput);                                            \
+    break;
+
+/* Handle the non-locale cases for a character class and its complement.  It
+ * calls _CCC_TRY_CODE with a ! to complement the test for the character class.
+ * This is because that code fails when the test succeeds, so we want to have
+ * the test fail so that the code succeeds.  The swash is stored in a
+ * predictable PL_ place */
+#define _CCC_TRY_NONLOCALE(NAME,  NNAME,  FUNC,                               \
+                          CLASS, STR)                                        \
+    case NAME:                                                                \
+       _CCC_TRY_CODE( !, FUNC,                                               \
+                         cBOOL(swash_fetch(CAT2(PL_utf8_,CLASS),             \
+                                           (U8*)locinput, TRUE)),            \
+                         CLASS, STR)                                         \
+    case NNAME:                                                               \
+       _CCC_TRY_CODE(  PLACEHOLDER , FUNC,                                   \
+                         cBOOL(swash_fetch(CAT2(PL_utf8_,CLASS),             \
+                                           (U8*)locinput, TRUE)),            \
+                         CLASS, STR)                                         \
+
+/* Generate the case statements for both locale and non-locale character
+ * classes in regmatch for classes that don't have special unicode semantics.
+ * Locales don't use an immediate swash, but an intermediary special locale
+ * function that is called on the pointer to the current place in the input
+ * string.  That function will resolve to needing the same swash.  One might
+ * think that because we don't know what the locale will match, we shouldn't
+ * check with the swash loading function that it loaded properly; ie, that we
+ * should use LOAD_UTF8_CHARCLASS_NO_CHECK for those, but what is passed to the
+ * regular LOAD_UTF8_CHARCLASS is in non-locale terms, and so locale is
+ * irrelevant here */
+#define CCC_TRY(NAME,  NNAME,  FUNC,                                          \
+               NAMEL, NNAMEL, LCFUNC, LCFUNC_utf8,                           \
+               NAMEA, NNAMEA, FUNCA,                                         \
+               CLASS, STR)                                                   \
+    case NAMEL:                                                               \
+       PL_reg_flags |= RF_tainted;                                           \
+       _CCC_TRY_CODE( !, LCFUNC, LCFUNC_utf8((U8*)locinput), CLASS, STR)     \
+    case NNAMEL:                                                              \
+       PL_reg_flags |= RF_tainted;                                           \
+       _CCC_TRY_CODE( PLACEHOLDER, LCFUNC, LCFUNC_utf8((U8*)locinput),       \
+                      CLASS, STR)                                            \
+    case NAMEA:                                                               \
+       if (locinput >= PL_regeol || ! FUNCA(nextchr)) {                      \
+           sayNO;                                                            \
+       }                                                                     \
+       /* Matched a utf8-invariant, so don't have to worry about utf8 */     \
+       nextchr = UCHARAT(++locinput);                                        \
+       break;                                                                \
+    case NNAMEA:                                                              \
+       if (locinput >= PL_regeol || FUNCA(nextchr)) {                        \
+           sayNO;                                                            \
+       }                                                                     \
+       if (utf8_target) {                                                    \
+           locinput += PL_utf8skip[nextchr];                                 \
+           nextchr = UCHARAT(locinput);                                      \
+       }                                                                     \
+       else {                                                                \
+           nextchr = UCHARAT(++locinput);                                    \
+       }                                                                     \
+       break;                                                                \
+    /* Generate the non-locale cases */                                       \
+    _CCC_TRY_NONLOCALE(NAME, NNAME, FUNC, CLASS, STR)
+
+/* This is like CCC_TRY, but has an extra set of parameters for generating case
+ * statements to handle separate Unicode semantics nodes */
+#define CCC_TRY_U(NAME,  NNAME,  FUNC,                                         \
+                 NAMEL, NNAMEL, LCFUNC, LCFUNC_utf8,                          \
+                 NAMEU, NNAMEU, FUNCU,                                        \
+                 NAMEA, NNAMEA, FUNCA,                                        \
+                 CLASS, STR)                                                  \
+    CCC_TRY(NAME, NNAME, FUNC,                                                 \
+           NAMEL, NNAMEL, LCFUNC, LCFUNC_utf8,                                \
+           NAMEA, NNAMEA, FUNCA,                                              \
+           CLASS, STR)                                                        \
+    _CCC_TRY_NONLOCALE(NAMEU, NNAMEU, FUNCU, CLASS, STR)
 
 /* TODO: Combine JUMPABLE and HAS_TEXT to cache OP(rn) */
 
 /* Currently these are only used when PL_regkind[OP(rn)] == EXACT so
    we don't need this definition. */
 #define IS_TEXT(rn)   ( OP(rn)==EXACT   || OP(rn)==REF   || OP(rn)==NREF   )
-#define IS_TEXTF(rn)  ( OP(rn)==EXACTF  || OP(rn)==REFF  || OP(rn)==NREFF  )
+#define IS_TEXTF(rn)  ( (OP(rn)==EXACTFU || OP(rn)==EXACTFA ||  OP(rn)==EXACTF)  || OP(rn)==REFF  || OP(rn)==NREFF )
 #define IS_TEXTFL(rn) ( OP(rn)==EXACTFL || OP(rn)==REFFL || OP(rn)==NREFFL )
 
 #else
 /* ... so we use this as its faster. */
 #define IS_TEXT(rn)   ( OP(rn)==EXACT   )
+#define IS_TEXTFU(rn)  ( OP(rn)==EXACTFU || OP(rn) == EXACTFA)
 #define IS_TEXTF(rn)  ( OP(rn)==EXACTF  )
 #define IS_TEXTFL(rn) ( OP(rn)==EXACTFL )
 
@@ -527,7 +528,7 @@ Perl_pregexec(pTHX_ REGEXP * const prog, char* stringarg, register char *strend,
        a) Anchored substring;
        b) Fixed substring;
        c) Whether we are anchored (beginning-of-line or \G);
-       d) First node (of those at offset 0) which may distingush positions;
+       d) First node (of those at offset 0) which may distinguish positions;
    We use a)b)d) and multiline-part of c), and try to find a position in the
    string which does not contradict any of them.
  */
@@ -1028,7 +1029,7 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_ REGEXP * const rx, SV *sv, char *strpos,
            prog->float_substr = prog->float_utf8 = NULL;       /* clear */
            check = NULL;                       /* abort */
            s = strpos;
-           /* XXXX If the check string was an implicit check MBOL, then we need to unset the relevent flag
+           /* XXXX If the check string was an implicit check MBOL, then we need to unset the relevant flag
                    see http://bugs.activestate.com/show_bug.cgi?id=87173 */
            if (prog->intflags & PREGf_IMPLICIT)
                prog->extflags &= ~RXf_ANCH_MBOL;
@@ -1054,7 +1055,7 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_ REGEXP * const rx, SV *sv, char *strpos,
           even for \b or \B.  But (minlen? 1 : 0) below assumes that
           regstclass does not come from lookahead...  */
        /* If regstclass takes bytelength more than 1: If charlength==1, OK.
-          This leaves EXACTF only, which is dealt with in find_byclass().  */
+          This leaves EXACTF-ish only, which are dealt with in find_byclass().  */
         const U8* const str = (U8*)STRING(progi->regstclass);
         const int cl_l = (PL_regkind[OP(progi->regstclass)] == EXACT
                    ? CHR_DIST(str+STR_LEN(progi->regstclass), str)
@@ -1129,7 +1130,7 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_ REGEXP * const rx, SV *sv, char *strpos,
            }
            if (!(utf8_target ? prog->float_utf8 : prog->float_substr)) /* Could have been deleted */
                goto fail;
-           /* Check is floating subtring. */
+           /* Check is floating substring. */
          retry_floating_check:
            t = check_at - start_shift;
            DEBUG_EXECUTE_r( what = "floating" );
@@ -1218,38 +1219,12 @@ uvc, charid, foldlen, foldbuf, uniflags) STMT_START {                       \
     }                                                                       \
 } STMT_END
 
-#define REXEC_FBC_EXACTISH_CHECK(CoNd)                 \
-{                                                      \
-    char *my_strend= (char *)strend;                   \
-    if ( (CoNd)                                        \
-        && (ln == len ||                              \
-            foldEQ_utf8(s, &my_strend, 0,  utf8_target,   \
-                       m, NULL, ln, cBOOL(UTF_PATTERN)))      \
-        && (!reginfo || regtry(reginfo, &s)) )        \
-       goto got_it;                                   \
-    else {                                             \
-        U8 foldbuf[UTF8_MAXBYTES_CASE+1];             \
-        uvchr_to_utf8(tmpbuf, c);                     \
-        f = to_utf8_fold(tmpbuf, foldbuf, &foldlen);  \
-        if ( f != c                                   \
-             && (f == c1 || f == c2)                  \
-             && (ln == len ||                         \
-               foldEQ_utf8(s, &my_strend, 0,  utf8_target,\
-                             m, NULL, ln, cBOOL(UTF_PATTERN)))\
-             && (!reginfo || regtry(reginfo, &s)) )   \
-             goto got_it;                             \
-    }                                                  \
-}                                                      \
-s += len
-
 #define REXEC_FBC_EXACTISH_SCAN(CoNd)                     \
 STMT_START {                                              \
     while (s <= e) {                                      \
        if ( (CoNd)                                       \
-            && (ln == 1 || (OP(c) == EXACTF             \
-                             ? foldEQ(s, m, ln)           \
-                             : foldEQ_locale(s, m, ln)))  \
-            && (!reginfo || regtry(reginfo, &s)) )        \
+            && (ln == 1 || folder(s, pat_string, ln))    \
+            && (!reginfo || regtry(reginfo, &s)) )       \
            goto got_it;                                  \
        s++;                                              \
     }                                                     \
@@ -1305,8 +1280,7 @@ if ((!reginfo || regtry(reginfo, &s))) \
     }                                                          \
     else {                                                     \
        REXEC_FBC_CLASS_SCAN(CoNd);                            \
-    }                                                          \
-    break
+    }
     
 #define REXEC_FBC_CSCAN_PRELOAD(UtFpReLoAd,CoNdUtF8,CoNd)      \
     if (utf8_target) {                                             \
@@ -1315,8 +1289,7 @@ if ((!reginfo || regtry(reginfo, &s))) \
     }                                                          \
     else {                                                     \
        REXEC_FBC_CLASS_SCAN(CoNd);                            \
-    }                                                          \
-    break
+    }
 
 #define REXEC_FBC_CSCAN_TAINT(CoNdUtF8,CoNd)                   \
     PL_reg_flags |= RF_tainted;                                \
@@ -1325,12 +1298,91 @@ if ((!reginfo || regtry(reginfo, &s))) \
     }                                                          \
     else {                                                     \
        REXEC_FBC_CLASS_SCAN(CoNd);                            \
-    }                                                          \
-    break
+    }
 
 #define DUMP_EXEC_POS(li,s,doutf8) \
     dump_exec_pos(li,s,(PL_regeol),(PL_bostr),(PL_reg_starttry),doutf8)
 
+
+#define UTF8_NOLOAD(TEST_NON_UTF8, IF_SUCCESS, IF_FAIL) \
+       tmp = (s != PL_bostr) ? UCHARAT(s - 1) : '\n';                         \
+       tmp = TEST_NON_UTF8(tmp);                                              \
+       REXEC_FBC_UTF8_SCAN(                                                   \
+           if (tmp == ! TEST_NON_UTF8((U8) *s)) { \
+               tmp = !tmp;                                                    \
+               IF_SUCCESS;                                                    \
+           }                                                                  \
+           else {                                                             \
+               IF_FAIL;                                                       \
+           }                                                                  \
+       );                                                                     \
+
+#define UTF8_LOAD(TeSt1_UtF8, TeSt2_UtF8, IF_SUCCESS, IF_FAIL) \
+       if (s == PL_bostr) {                                                   \
+           tmp = '\n';                                                        \
+       }                                                                      \
+       else {                                                                 \
+           U8 * const r = reghop3((U8*)s, -1, (U8*)PL_bostr);                 \
+           tmp = utf8n_to_uvchr(r, UTF8SKIP(r), 0, UTF8_ALLOW_DEFAULT);       \
+       }                                                                      \
+       tmp = TeSt1_UtF8;                                                      \
+       LOAD_UTF8_CHARCLASS_ALNUM();                                                                \
+       REXEC_FBC_UTF8_SCAN(                                                   \
+           if (tmp == ! (TeSt2_UtF8)) { \
+               tmp = !tmp;                                                    \
+               IF_SUCCESS;                                                    \
+           }                                                                  \
+           else {                                                             \
+               IF_FAIL;                                                       \
+           }                                                                  \
+       );                                                                     \
+
+/* The only difference between the BOUND and NBOUND cases is that
+ * REXEC_FBC_TRYIT is called when matched in BOUND, and when non-matched in
+ * NBOUND.  This is accomplished by passing it in either the if or else clause,
+ * with the other one being empty */
+#define FBC_BOUND(TEST_NON_UTF8, TEST1_UTF8, TEST2_UTF8) \
+    FBC_BOUND_COMMON(UTF8_LOAD(TEST1_UTF8, TEST2_UTF8, REXEC_FBC_TRYIT, PLACEHOLDER), TEST_NON_UTF8, REXEC_FBC_TRYIT, PLACEHOLDER)
+
+#define FBC_BOUND_NOLOAD(TEST_NON_UTF8, TEST1_UTF8, TEST2_UTF8) \
+    FBC_BOUND_COMMON(UTF8_NOLOAD(TEST_NON_UTF8, REXEC_FBC_TRYIT, PLACEHOLDER), TEST_NON_UTF8, REXEC_FBC_TRYIT, PLACEHOLDER)
+
+#define FBC_NBOUND(TEST_NON_UTF8, TEST1_UTF8, TEST2_UTF8) \
+    FBC_BOUND_COMMON(UTF8_LOAD(TEST1_UTF8, TEST2_UTF8, PLACEHOLDER, REXEC_FBC_TRYIT), TEST_NON_UTF8, PLACEHOLDER, REXEC_FBC_TRYIT)
+
+#define FBC_NBOUND_NOLOAD(TEST_NON_UTF8, TEST1_UTF8, TEST2_UTF8) \
+    FBC_BOUND_COMMON(UTF8_NOLOAD(TEST_NON_UTF8, PLACEHOLDER, REXEC_FBC_TRYIT), TEST_NON_UTF8, PLACEHOLDER, REXEC_FBC_TRYIT)
+
+
+/* Common to the BOUND and NBOUND cases.  Unfortunately the UTF8 tests need to
+ * be passed in completely with the variable name being tested, which isn't
+ * such a clean interface, but this is easier to read than it was before.  We
+ * are looking for the boundary (or non-boundary between a word and non-word
+ * character.  The utf8 and non-utf8 cases have the same logic, but the details
+ * must be different.  Find the "wordness" of the character just prior to this
+ * one, and compare it with the wordness of this one.  If they differ, we have
+ * a boundary.  At the beginning of the string, pretend that the previous
+ * character was a new-line */
+#define FBC_BOUND_COMMON(UTF8_CODE, TEST_NON_UTF8, IF_SUCCESS, IF_FAIL) \
+    if (utf8_target) {                                                         \
+               UTF8_CODE \
+    }                                                                          \
+    else {  /* Not utf8 */                                                     \
+       tmp = (s != PL_bostr) ? UCHARAT(s - 1) : '\n';                         \
+       tmp = TEST_NON_UTF8(tmp);                                              \
+       REXEC_FBC_SCAN(                                                        \
+           if (tmp == ! TEST_NON_UTF8((U8) *s)) {                             \
+               tmp = !tmp;                                                    \
+               IF_SUCCESS;                                                    \
+           }                                                                  \
+           else {                                                             \
+               IF_FAIL;                                                       \
+           }                                                                  \
+       );                                                                     \
+    }                                                                          \
+    if ((!prog->minlen && tmp) && (!reginfo || regtry(reginfo, &s)))           \
+       goto got_it;
+
 /* We know what class REx starts with.  Try to find this position... */
 /* if reginfo is NULL, its a dryrun */
 /* annoyingly all the vars in this routine have different names from their counterparts
@@ -1342,46 +1394,34 @@ S_find_byclass(pTHX_ regexp * prog, const regnode *c, char *s,
 {
        dVAR;
        const I32 doevery = (prog->intflags & PREGf_SKIP) == 0;
-       char *m;
+       char *pat_string;   /* The pattern's exactish string */
+       char *pat_end;      /* ptr to end char of pat_string */
+       re_fold_t folder;       /* Function for computing non-utf8 folds */
+       const U8 *fold_array;   /* array for folding ords < 256 */
        STRLEN ln;
        STRLEN lnc;
        register STRLEN uskip;
-       unsigned int c1;
-       unsigned int c2;
+       U8 c1;
+       U8 c2;
        char *e;
        register I32 tmp = 1;   /* Scratch variable? */
        register const bool utf8_target = PL_reg_match_utf8;
+       UV utf8_fold_flags = 0;
         RXi_GET_DECL(prog,progi);
 
        PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_FIND_BYCLASS;
         
        /* We know what class it must start with. */
        switch (OP(c)) {
+       case ANYOFV:
        case ANYOF:
-           if (utf8_target) {
-                REXEC_FBC_UTF8_CLASS_SCAN((ANYOF_FLAGS(c) & ANYOF_UNICODE) ||
-                         !UTF8_IS_INVARIANT((U8)s[0]) ?
-                         reginclass(prog, c, (U8*)s, 0, utf8_target) :
-                         REGINCLASS(prog, c, (U8*)s));
+           if (utf8_target || OP(c) == ANYOFV) {
+               STRLEN inclasslen = strend - s;
+               REXEC_FBC_UTF8_CLASS_SCAN(
+                          reginclass(prog, c, (U8*)s, &inclasslen, utf8_target));
            }
            else {
-                while (s < strend) {
-                     STRLEN skip = 1;
-
-                     if (REGINCLASS(prog, c, (U8*)s) ||
-                         (ANYOF_FOLD_SHARP_S(c, s, strend) &&
-                          /* The assignment of 2 is intentional:
-                           * for the folded sharp s, the skip is 2. */
-                          (skip = SHARP_S_SKIP))) {
-                          if (tmp && (!reginfo || regtry(reginfo, &s)))
-                               goto got_it;
-                          else
-                               tmp = doevery;
-                     }
-                     else 
-                          tmp = 1;
-                     s += skip;
-                }
+               REXEC_FBC_CLASS_SCAN(REGINCLASS(prog, c, (U8*)s));
            }
            break;
        case CANY:
@@ -1392,301 +1432,317 @@ S_find_byclass(pTHX_ regexp * prog, const regnode *c, char *s,
                    tmp = doevery;
            );
            break;
-       case EXACTF:
-           m   = STRING(c);
-           ln  = STR_LEN(c);   /* length to match in octets/bytes */
-           lnc = (I32) ln;     /* length to match in characters */
-           if (UTF_PATTERN) {
-               STRLEN ulen1, ulen2;
-               U8 *sm = (U8 *) m;
-               U8 tmpbuf1[UTF8_MAXBYTES_CASE+1];
-               U8 tmpbuf2[UTF8_MAXBYTES_CASE+1];
-               /* used by commented-out code below */
-               /*const U32 uniflags = UTF8_ALLOW_DEFAULT;*/
-               
-                /* XXX: Since the node will be case folded at compile
-                   time this logic is a little odd, although im not 
-                   sure that its actually wrong. --dmq */
-                   
-               c1 = to_utf8_lower((U8*)m, tmpbuf1, &ulen1);
-               c2 = to_utf8_upper((U8*)m, tmpbuf2, &ulen2);
-
-               /* XXX: This is kinda strange. to_utf8_XYZ returns the 
-                   codepoint of the first character in the converted
-                   form, yet originally we did the extra step. 
-                   No tests fail by commenting this code out however
-                   so Ive left it out. -- dmq.
-                   
-               c1 = utf8n_to_uvchr(tmpbuf1, UTF8_MAXBYTES_CASE, 
-                                   0, uniflags);
-               c2 = utf8n_to_uvchr(tmpbuf2, UTF8_MAXBYTES_CASE,
-                                   0, uniflags);
-                */
-                
-               lnc = 0;
-               while (sm < ((U8 *) m + ln)) {
-                   lnc++;
-                   sm += UTF8SKIP(sm);
-               }
+
+       case EXACTFA:
+           if (UTF_PATTERN || utf8_target) {
+               utf8_fold_flags = FOLDEQ_UTF8_NOMIX_ASCII;
+               goto do_exactf_utf8;
            }
-           else {
-               c1 = *(U8*)m;
-               c2 = PL_fold[c1];
+           fold_array = PL_fold_latin1;    /* Latin1 folds are not affected by */
+           folder = foldEQ_latin1;         /* /a, except the sharp s one which */
+           goto do_exactf_non_utf8;        /* isn't dealt with by these */
+
+       case EXACTFU:
+           if (UTF_PATTERN || utf8_target) {
+               utf8_fold_flags = 0;
+               goto do_exactf_utf8;
            }
-           goto do_exactf;
+           fold_array = PL_fold_latin1;
+           folder = foldEQ_latin1;
+           /* XXX This uses the full utf8 fold because if the pattern contains
+            * 'ss' it could match LATIN_SMALL_LETTER SHARP_S in the string.
+            * There could be a new node type, say EXACTFU_SS, which is
+            * generated by regcomp only if there is an 'ss', and then every
+            * other case could goto do_exactf_non_utf8;*/
+           goto do_exactf_utf8;
+
+       case EXACTF:
+           if (UTF_PATTERN || utf8_target) {
+               utf8_fold_flags = 0;
+               goto do_exactf_utf8;
+           }
+           fold_array = PL_fold;
+           folder = foldEQ;
+           goto do_exactf_non_utf8;
+
        case EXACTFL:
-           m   = STRING(c);
-           ln  = STR_LEN(c);
-           lnc = (I32) ln;
-           c1 = *(U8*)m;
-           c2 = PL_fold_locale[c1];
-         do_exactf:
-           e = HOP3c(strend, -((I32)lnc), s);
+           if (UTF_PATTERN || utf8_target) {
+               utf8_fold_flags = FOLDEQ_UTF8_LOCALE;
+               goto do_exactf_utf8;
+           }
+           fold_array = PL_fold_locale;
+           folder = foldEQ_locale;
 
-           if (!reginfo && e < s)
-               e = s;                  /* Due to minlen logic of intuit() */
+           /* FALL THROUGH */
 
-           /* The idea in the EXACTF* cases is to first find the
-            * first character of the EXACTF* node and then, if
-            * necessary, case-insensitively compare the full
-            * text of the node.  The c1 and c2 are the first
-            * characters (though in Unicode it gets a bit
-            * more complicated because there are more cases
-            * than just upper and lower: one needs to use
-            * the so-called folding case for case-insensitive
-            * matching (called "loose matching" in Unicode).
-            * foldEQ_utf8() will do just that. */
+       do_exactf_non_utf8: /* Neither pattern nor string are UTF8 */
 
-           if (utf8_target || UTF_PATTERN) {
-               UV c, f;
-               U8 tmpbuf [UTF8_MAXBYTES+1];
-               STRLEN len = 1;
-               STRLEN foldlen;
-               const U32 uniflags = UTF8_ALLOW_DEFAULT;
-               if (c1 == c2) {
-                   /* Upper and lower of 1st char are equal -
-                    * probably not a "letter". */
-                   while (s <= e) {
-                       if (utf8_target) {
-                           c = utf8n_to_uvchr((U8*)s, UTF8_MAXBYTES, &len,
-                                          uniflags);
-                        } else {
-                            c = *((U8*)s);
-                        }                                        
-                       REXEC_FBC_EXACTISH_CHECK(c == c1);
-                   }
-               }
-               else {
-                   while (s <= e) {
-                       if (utf8_target) {
-                           c = utf8n_to_uvchr((U8*)s, UTF8_MAXBYTES, &len,
-                                          uniflags);
-                        } else {
-                            c = *((U8*)s);
-                        }
+           /* The idea in the non-utf8 EXACTF* cases is to first find the
+            * first character of the EXACTF* node and then, if necessary,
+            * case-insensitively compare the full text of the node.  c1 is the
+            * first character.  c2 is its fold.  This logic will not work for
+            * Unicode semantics and the german sharp ss, which hence should
+            * not be compiled into a node that gets here. */
+           pat_string = STRING(c);
+           ln  = STR_LEN(c);   /* length to match in octets/bytes */
 
-                       /* Handle some of the three Greek sigmas cases.
-                        * Note that not all the possible combinations
-                        * are handled here: some of them are handled
-                        * by the standard folding rules, and some of
-                        * them (the character class or ANYOF cases)
-                        * are handled during compiletime in
-                        * regexec.c:S_regclass(). */
-                       if (c == (UV)UNICODE_GREEK_CAPITAL_LETTER_SIGMA ||
-                           c == (UV)UNICODE_GREEK_SMALL_LETTER_FINAL_SIGMA)
-                           c = (UV)UNICODE_GREEK_SMALL_LETTER_SIGMA;
-
-                       REXEC_FBC_EXACTISH_CHECK(c == c1 || c == c2);
-                   }
-               }
+           e = HOP3c(strend, -((I32)ln), s);
+
+           if (!reginfo && e < s) {
+               e = s;                  /* Due to minlen logic of intuit() */
+           }
+
+           c1 = *pat_string;
+           c2 = fold_array[c1];
+           if (c1 == c2) { /* If char and fold are the same */
+               REXEC_FBC_EXACTISH_SCAN(*(U8*)s == c1);
            }
            else {
-               /* Neither pattern nor string are UTF8 */
-               if (c1 == c2)
-                   REXEC_FBC_EXACTISH_SCAN(*(U8*)s == c1);
-               else
-                   REXEC_FBC_EXACTISH_SCAN(*(U8*)s == c1 || *(U8*)s == c2);
+               REXEC_FBC_EXACTISH_SCAN(*(U8*)s == c1 || *(U8*)s == c2);
            }
            break;
-       case BOUNDL:
-           PL_reg_flags |= RF_tainted;
-           /* FALL THROUGH */
-       case BOUND:
-           if (utf8_target) {
-               if (s == PL_bostr)
-                   tmp = '\n';
-               else {
-                   U8 * const r = reghop3((U8*)s, -1, (U8*)PL_bostr);
-                   tmp = utf8n_to_uvchr(r, UTF8SKIP(r), 0, UTF8_ALLOW_DEFAULT);
-               }
-               tmp = ((OP(c) == BOUND ?
-                       isALNUM_uni(tmp) : isALNUM_LC_uvchr(UNI_TO_NATIVE(tmp))) != 0);
-               LOAD_UTF8_CHARCLASS_ALNUM();
-               REXEC_FBC_UTF8_SCAN(
-                   if (tmp == !(OP(c) == BOUND ?
-                                cBOOL(swash_fetch(PL_utf8_alnum, (U8*)s, utf8_target)) :
-                                isALNUM_LC_utf8((U8*)s)))
-                   {
-                       tmp = !tmp;
-                       REXEC_FBC_TRYIT;
-               }
-               );
+
+       do_exactf_utf8:
+
+           /* If one of the operands is in utf8, we can't use the simpler
+            * folding above, due to the fact that many different characters
+            * can have the same fold, or portion of a fold, or different-
+            * length fold */
+           pat_string = STRING(c);
+           ln  = STR_LEN(c);   /* length to match in octets/bytes */
+           pat_end = pat_string + ln;
+           lnc = (UTF_PATTERN) /* length to match in characters */
+                   ? utf8_length((U8 *) pat_string, (U8 *) pat_end)
+                   : ln;
+
+           e = HOP3c(strend, -((I32)lnc), s);
+
+           if (!reginfo && e < s) {
+               e = s;                  /* Due to minlen logic of intuit() */
            }
-            else {  /* Not utf8 */
-               tmp = (s != PL_bostr) ? UCHARAT(s - 1) : '\n';
-                tmp = cBOOL((OP(c) == BOUNDL)
-                            ? isALNUM_LC(tmp)
-                            : (isWORDCHAR_L1(tmp)
-                               && (isASCII(tmp) || (FLAGS(c) & USE_UNI))));
-               REXEC_FBC_SCAN(
-                   if (tmp ==
-                        !((OP(c) == BOUNDL)
-                          ? isALNUM_LC(*s)
-                          : (isWORDCHAR_L1((U8) *s)
-                             && (isASCII((U8) *s) || (FLAGS(c) & USE_UNI)))))
-                   {
-                       tmp = !tmp;
-                       REXEC_FBC_TRYIT;
+
+           while (s <= e) {
+               char *my_strend= (char *)strend;
+               if (foldEQ_utf8_flags(s, &my_strend, 0,  utf8_target,
+                     pat_string, NULL, ln, cBOOL(UTF_PATTERN), utf8_fold_flags)
+                   && (!reginfo || regtry(reginfo, &s)) )
+               {
+                   goto got_it;
                }
-               );
+               s += UTF8SKIP(s);
            }
-           if ((!prog->minlen && tmp) && (!reginfo || regtry(reginfo, &s)))
-               goto got_it;
+           break;
+       case BOUNDL:
+           PL_reg_flags |= RF_tainted;
+           FBC_BOUND(isALNUM_LC,
+                     isALNUM_LC_uvchr(UNI_TO_NATIVE(tmp)),
+                     isALNUM_LC_utf8((U8*)s));
            break;
        case NBOUNDL:
            PL_reg_flags |= RF_tainted;
-           /* FALL THROUGH */
+           FBC_NBOUND(isALNUM_LC,
+                      isALNUM_LC_uvchr(UNI_TO_NATIVE(tmp)),
+                      isALNUM_LC_utf8((U8*)s));
+           break;
+       case BOUND:
+           FBC_BOUND(isWORDCHAR,
+                     isALNUM_uni(tmp),
+                     cBOOL(swash_fetch(PL_utf8_alnum, (U8*)s, utf8_target)));
+           break;
+       case BOUNDA:
+           FBC_BOUND_NOLOAD(isWORDCHAR_A,
+                            isWORDCHAR_A(tmp),
+                            isWORDCHAR_A((U8*)s));
+           break;
        case NBOUND:
-           if (utf8_target) {
-               if (s == PL_bostr)
-                   tmp = '\n';
-               else {
-                   U8 * const r = reghop3((U8*)s, -1, (U8*)PL_bostr);
-                   tmp = utf8n_to_uvchr(r, UTF8SKIP(r), 0, UTF8_ALLOW_DEFAULT);
-               }
-               tmp = ((OP(c) == NBOUND ?
-                       isALNUM_uni(tmp) : isALNUM_LC_uvchr(UNI_TO_NATIVE(tmp))) != 0);
-               LOAD_UTF8_CHARCLASS_ALNUM();
-               REXEC_FBC_UTF8_SCAN(
-                   if (tmp == !(OP(c) == NBOUND ?
-                                cBOOL(swash_fetch(PL_utf8_alnum, (U8*)s, utf8_target)) :
-                                isALNUM_LC_utf8((U8*)s)))
-                       tmp = !tmp;
-                   else REXEC_FBC_TRYIT;
-               );
-           }
-           else {
-               tmp = (s != PL_bostr) ? UCHARAT(s - 1) : '\n';
-                tmp = cBOOL((OP(c) == NBOUNDL)
-                            ? isALNUM_LC(tmp)
-                            : (isWORDCHAR_L1(tmp)
-                               && (isASCII(tmp) || (FLAGS(c) & USE_UNI))));
-               REXEC_FBC_SCAN(
-                   if (tmp == ! cBOOL(
-                            (OP(c) == NBOUNDL)
-                            ? isALNUM_LC(*s)
-                            : (isWORDCHAR_L1((U8) *s)
-                               && (isASCII((U8) *s) || (FLAGS(c) & USE_UNI)))))
-                    {
-                       tmp = !tmp;
-                    }
-                   else REXEC_FBC_TRYIT;
-               );
-           }
-           if ((!prog->minlen && !tmp) && (!reginfo || regtry(reginfo, &s)))
-               goto got_it;
+           FBC_NBOUND(isWORDCHAR,
+                      isALNUM_uni(tmp),
+                      cBOOL(swash_fetch(PL_utf8_alnum, (U8*)s, utf8_target)));
+           break;
+       case NBOUNDA:
+           FBC_NBOUND_NOLOAD(isWORDCHAR_A,
+                             isWORDCHAR_A(tmp),
+                             isWORDCHAR_A((U8*)s));
+           break;
+       case BOUNDU:
+           FBC_BOUND(isWORDCHAR_L1,
+                     isALNUM_uni(tmp),
+                     cBOOL(swash_fetch(PL_utf8_alnum, (U8*)s, utf8_target)));
+           break;
+       case NBOUNDU:
+           FBC_NBOUND(isWORDCHAR_L1,
+                      isALNUM_uni(tmp),
+                      cBOOL(swash_fetch(PL_utf8_alnum, (U8*)s, utf8_target)));
            break;
-       case ALNUM:
-           REXEC_FBC_CSCAN_PRELOAD(
-               LOAD_UTF8_CHARCLASS_PERL_WORD(),
-               swash_fetch(RE_utf8_perl_word, (U8*)s, utf8_target),
-                (FLAGS(c) & USE_UNI) ? isWORDCHAR_L1((U8) *s) : isALNUM(*s)
-           );
        case ALNUML:
            REXEC_FBC_CSCAN_TAINT(
                isALNUM_LC_utf8((U8*)s),
                isALNUM_LC(*s)
            );
+           break;
+       case ALNUMU:
+           REXEC_FBC_CSCAN_PRELOAD(
+               LOAD_UTF8_CHARCLASS_ALNUM(),
+               swash_fetch(PL_utf8_alnum,(U8*)s, utf8_target),
+                isWORDCHAR_L1((U8) *s)
+           );
+           break;
+       case ALNUM:
+           REXEC_FBC_CSCAN_PRELOAD(
+               LOAD_UTF8_CHARCLASS_ALNUM(),
+               swash_fetch(PL_utf8_alnum,(U8*)s, utf8_target),
+                isWORDCHAR((U8) *s)
+           );
+           break;
+       case ALNUMA:
+           /* Don't need to worry about utf8, as it can match only a single
+            * byte invariant character */
+           REXEC_FBC_CLASS_SCAN( isWORDCHAR_A(*s));
+           break;
+       case NALNUMU:
+           REXEC_FBC_CSCAN_PRELOAD(
+               LOAD_UTF8_CHARCLASS_ALNUM(),
+               !swash_fetch(PL_utf8_alnum,(U8*)s, utf8_target),
+                ! isWORDCHAR_L1((U8) *s)
+           );
+           break;
        case NALNUM:
            REXEC_FBC_CSCAN_PRELOAD(
-               LOAD_UTF8_CHARCLASS_PERL_WORD(),
-               !swash_fetch(RE_utf8_perl_word, (U8*)s, utf8_target),
-                ! ((FLAGS(c) & USE_UNI) ? isWORDCHAR_L1((U8) *s) : isALNUM(*s))
+               LOAD_UTF8_CHARCLASS_ALNUM(),
+               !swash_fetch(PL_utf8_alnum, (U8*)s, utf8_target),
+                ! isALNUM(*s)
            );
+           break;
+       case NALNUMA:
+           REXEC_FBC_CSCAN(
+               !isWORDCHAR_A(*s),
+               !isWORDCHAR_A(*s)
+           );
+           break;
        case NALNUML:
            REXEC_FBC_CSCAN_TAINT(
                !isALNUM_LC_utf8((U8*)s),
                !isALNUM_LC(*s)
            );
+           break;
+       case SPACEU:
+           REXEC_FBC_CSCAN_PRELOAD(
+               LOAD_UTF8_CHARCLASS_SPACE(),
+               *s == ' ' || swash_fetch(PL_utf8_space,(U8*)s, utf8_target),
+                isSPACE_L1((U8) *s)
+           );
+           break;
        case SPACE:
            REXEC_FBC_CSCAN_PRELOAD(
-               LOAD_UTF8_CHARCLASS_PERL_SPACE(),
-               *s == ' ' || swash_fetch(RE_utf8_perl_space,(U8*)s, utf8_target),
-                isSPACE_L1((U8) *s) && (isASCII((U8) *s) || (FLAGS(c) & USE_UNI))
+               LOAD_UTF8_CHARCLASS_SPACE(),
+               *s == ' ' || swash_fetch(PL_utf8_space,(U8*)s, utf8_target),
+                isSPACE((U8) *s)
            );
+           break;
+       case SPACEA:
+           /* Don't need to worry about utf8, as it can match only a single
+            * byte invariant character */
+           REXEC_FBC_CLASS_SCAN( isSPACE_A(*s));
+           break;
        case SPACEL:
            REXEC_FBC_CSCAN_TAINT(
-               *s == ' ' || isSPACE_LC_utf8((U8*)s),
+               isSPACE_LC_utf8((U8*)s),
                isSPACE_LC(*s)
            );
+           break;
+       case NSPACEU:
+           REXEC_FBC_CSCAN_PRELOAD(
+               LOAD_UTF8_CHARCLASS_SPACE(),
+               !( *s == ' ' || swash_fetch(PL_utf8_space,(U8*)s, utf8_target)),
+                ! isSPACE_L1((U8) *s)
+           );
+           break;
        case NSPACE:
            REXEC_FBC_CSCAN_PRELOAD(
-               LOAD_UTF8_CHARCLASS_PERL_SPACE(),
-               !(*s == ' ' || swash_fetch(RE_utf8_perl_space,(U8*)s, utf8_target)),
-                !(isSPACE_L1((U8) *s) && (isASCII((U8) *s) || (FLAGS(c) & USE_UNI)))
+               LOAD_UTF8_CHARCLASS_SPACE(),
+               !(*s == ' ' || swash_fetch(PL_utf8_space,(U8*)s, utf8_target)),
+                ! isSPACE((U8) *s)
            );
+           break;
+       case NSPACEA:
+           REXEC_FBC_CSCAN(
+               !isSPACE_A(*s),
+               !isSPACE_A(*s)
+           );
+           break;
        case NSPACEL:
            REXEC_FBC_CSCAN_TAINT(
-               !(*s == ' ' || isSPACE_LC_utf8((U8*)s)),
+               !isSPACE_LC_utf8((U8*)s),
                !isSPACE_LC(*s)
            );
+           break;
        case DIGIT:
            REXEC_FBC_CSCAN_PRELOAD(
-               LOAD_UTF8_CHARCLASS_POSIX_DIGIT(),
-               swash_fetch(RE_utf8_posix_digit,(U8*)s, utf8_target),
+               LOAD_UTF8_CHARCLASS_DIGIT(),
+               swash_fetch(PL_utf8_digit,(U8*)s, utf8_target),
                isDIGIT(*s)
            );
+           break;
+       case DIGITA:
+           /* Don't need to worry about utf8, as it can match only a single
+            * byte invariant character */
+           REXEC_FBC_CLASS_SCAN( isDIGIT_A(*s));
+           break;
        case DIGITL:
            REXEC_FBC_CSCAN_TAINT(
                isDIGIT_LC_utf8((U8*)s),
                isDIGIT_LC(*s)
            );
+           break;
        case NDIGIT:
            REXEC_FBC_CSCAN_PRELOAD(
-               LOAD_UTF8_CHARCLASS_POSIX_DIGIT(),
-               !swash_fetch(RE_utf8_posix_digit,(U8*)s, utf8_target),
+               LOAD_UTF8_CHARCLASS_DIGIT(),
+               !swash_fetch(PL_utf8_digit,(U8*)s, utf8_target),
                !isDIGIT(*s)
            );
+           break;
+       case NDIGITA:
+           REXEC_FBC_CSCAN(
+               !isDIGIT_A(*s),
+               !isDIGIT_A(*s)
+           );
+           break;
        case NDIGITL:
            REXEC_FBC_CSCAN_TAINT(
                !isDIGIT_LC_utf8((U8*)s),
                !isDIGIT_LC(*s)
            );
+           break;
        case LNBREAK:
            REXEC_FBC_CSCAN(
                is_LNBREAK_utf8(s),
                is_LNBREAK_latin1(s)
            );
+           break;
        case VERTWS:
            REXEC_FBC_CSCAN(
                is_VERTWS_utf8(s),
                is_VERTWS_latin1(s)
            );
+           break;
        case NVERTWS:
            REXEC_FBC_CSCAN(
                !is_VERTWS_utf8(s),
                !is_VERTWS_latin1(s)
            );
+           break;
        case HORIZWS:
            REXEC_FBC_CSCAN(
                is_HORIZWS_utf8(s),
                is_HORIZWS_latin1(s)
            );
+           break;
        case NHORIZWS:
            REXEC_FBC_CSCAN(
                !is_HORIZWS_utf8(s),
                !is_HORIZWS_latin1(s)
            );      
+           break;
        case AHOCORASICKC:
        case AHOCORASICK: 
            {
@@ -1780,10 +1836,16 @@ S_find_byclass(pTHX_ regexp * prog, const regnode *c, char *s,
                                         PerlIO_printf( Perl_debug_log,
                                             " Scanning for legal start char...\n");
                                     }
-                                );            
-                                while ( uc <= (U8*)last_start  && !BITMAP_TEST(bitmap,*uc) ) {
-                                    uc++;
-                                }
+                                );
+                               if (utf8_target) {
+                                   while ( uc <= (U8*)last_start && !BITMAP_TEST(bitmap,*uc) ) {
+                                       uc += UTF8SKIP(uc);
+                                   }
+                               } else {
+                                   while ( uc <= (U8*)last_start  && !BITMAP_TEST(bitmap,*uc) ) {
+                                       uc++;
+                                   }
+                               }
                                 s= (char *)uc;
                             }
                             if (uc >(U8*)last_start) break;
@@ -2131,7 +2193,7 @@ Perl_regexec_flags(pTHX_ REGEXP * const rx, char *stringarg, register char *stre
        goto phooey;
     } else if (RXf_GPOS_CHECK == (prog->extflags & RXf_GPOS_CHECK)) 
     {
-        /* the warning about reginfo.ganch being used without intialization
+        /* the warning about reginfo.ganch being used without initialization
            is bogus -- we set it above, when prog->extflags & RXf_GPOS_SEEN 
            and we only enter this block when the same bit is set. */
         char *tmp_s = reginfo.ganch - prog->gofs;
@@ -2501,7 +2563,7 @@ S_regtry(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, char **startpos)
        /* This is safe against NULLs: */
        ReREFCNT_dec(PM_GETRE(PL_reg_curpm));
        /* PM_reg_curpm owns a reference to this regexp.  */
-       ReREFCNT_inc(rx);
+       (void)ReREFCNT_inc(rx);
 #endif
        PM_SETRE(PL_reg_curpm, rx);
        PL_reg_oldcurpm = PL_curpm;
@@ -2758,7 +2820,7 @@ The only exceptions to this are lookahead/behind assertions and the cut,
 (?>A), which pop all the backtrack states associated with A before
 continuing.
  
-Bascktrack state structs are allocated in slabs of about 4K in size.
+Backtrack state structs are allocated in slabs of about 4K in size.
 PL_regmatch_state and st always point to the currently active state,
 and PL_regmatch_slab points to the slab currently containing
 PL_regmatch_state.  The first time regmatch() is called, the first slab is
@@ -2977,7 +3039,7 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, regnode *prog)
     SV *popmark = NULL;     /* are we looking for a mark? */
     SV *sv_commit = NULL;   /* last mark name seen in failure */
     SV *sv_yes_mark = NULL; /* last mark name we have seen 
-                               during a successfull match */
+                               during a successful match */
     U32 lastopen = 0;       /* last open we saw */
     bool has_cutgroup = RX_HAS_CUTGROUP(rex) ? 1 : 0;   
     SV* const oreplsv = GvSV(PL_replgv);
@@ -3217,7 +3279,8 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, regnode *prog)
                                          "%*s  %smatched empty string...%s\n",
                                          REPORT_CODE_OFF+depth*2, "", PL_colors[4], PL_colors[5])
                         );
-                       break;
+                       if (!trie->jump)
+                           break;
                    } else {
                        DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(
                             PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
@@ -3467,7 +3530,7 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, regnode *prog)
                    ST.nextword,
                    tmp ? pv_pretty(sv, SvPV_nolen_const(*tmp), SvCUR(*tmp), 0,
                            PL_colors[0], PL_colors[1],
-                           (SvUTF8(*tmp) ? PERL_PV_ESCAPE_UNI : 0)
+                           (SvUTF8(*tmp) ? PERL_PV_ESCAPE_UNI : 0)|PERL_PV_ESCAPE_NONASCII
                        ) 
                    : "not compiled under -Dr",
                    PL_colors[5] );
@@ -3531,11 +3594,37 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, regnode *prog)
            nextchr = UCHARAT(locinput);
            break;
            }
-       case EXACTFL:
+       case EXACTFL: {
+           re_fold_t folder;
+           const U8 * fold_array;
+           const char * s;
+           U32 fold_utf8_flags;
+
            PL_reg_flags |= RF_tainted;
-           /* FALL THROUGH */
-       case EXACTF: {
-           char * const s = STRING(scan);
+           folder = foldEQ_locale;
+           fold_array = PL_fold_locale;
+           fold_utf8_flags = FOLDEQ_UTF8_LOCALE;
+           goto do_exactf;
+
+       case EXACTFU:
+           folder = foldEQ_latin1;
+           fold_array = PL_fold_latin1;
+           fold_utf8_flags = 0;
+           goto do_exactf;
+
+       case EXACTFA:
+           folder = foldEQ_latin1;
+           fold_array = PL_fold_latin1;
+           fold_utf8_flags = FOLDEQ_UTF8_NOMIX_ASCII;
+           goto do_exactf;
+
+       case EXACTF:
+           folder = foldEQ;
+           fold_array = PL_fold;
+           fold_utf8_flags = 0;
+
+         do_exactf:
+           s = STRING(scan);
            ln = STR_LEN(scan);
 
            if (utf8_target || UTF_PATTERN) {
@@ -3543,52 +3632,46 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, regnode *prog)
                const char * const l = locinput;
                char *e = PL_regeol;
 
-               if (! foldEQ_utf8(s, 0,  ln, cBOOL(UTF_PATTERN),
-                              l, &e, 0,  utf8_target)) {
-                    /* One more case for the sharp s:
-                     * pack("U0U*", 0xDF) =~ /ss/i,
-                     * the 0xC3 0x9F are the UTF-8
-                     * byte sequence for the U+00DF. */
-
-                    if (!(utf8_target &&
-                          toLOWER(s[0]) == 's' &&
-                          ln >= 2 &&
-                          toLOWER(s[1]) == 's' &&
-                          (U8)l[0] == 0xC3 &&
-                          e - l >= 2 &&
-                          (U8)l[1] == 0x9F))
-                         sayNO;
+               if (! foldEQ_utf8_flags(s, 0,  ln, cBOOL(UTF_PATTERN),
+                              l, &e, 0,  utf8_target, fold_utf8_flags))
+               {
+                   sayNO;
                }
                locinput = e;
                nextchr = UCHARAT(locinput);
                break;
            }
 
-           /* Neither the target and the pattern are utf8. */
-
-           /* Inline the first character, for speed. */
+           /* Neither the target nor the pattern are utf8 */
            if (UCHARAT(s) != nextchr &&
-               UCHARAT(s) != ((OP(scan) == EXACTF)
-                              ? PL_fold : PL_fold_locale)[nextchr])
+               UCHARAT(s) != fold_array[nextchr])
+           {
                sayNO;
+           }
            if (PL_regeol - locinput < ln)
                sayNO;
-           if (ln > 1 && (OP(scan) == EXACTF
-                          ? ! foldEQ(s, locinput, ln)
-                          : ! foldEQ_locale(s, locinput, ln)))
+           if (ln > 1 && ! folder(s, locinput, ln))
                sayNO;
            locinput += ln;
            nextchr = UCHARAT(locinput);
            break;
-           }
+       }
+
+       /* XXX Could improve efficiency by separating these all out using a
+        * macro or in-line function.  At that point regcomp.c would no longer
+        * have to set the FLAGS fields of these */
        case BOUNDL:
        case NBOUNDL:
            PL_reg_flags |= RF_tainted;
            /* FALL THROUGH */
        case BOUND:
+       case BOUNDU:
+       case BOUNDA:
        case NBOUND:
+       case NBOUNDU:
+       case NBOUNDA:
            /* was last char in word? */
-           if (utf8_target) {
+           if (utf8_target && FLAGS(scan) != REGEX_ASCII_RESTRICTED_CHARSET) {
                if (locinput == PL_bostr)
                    ln = '\n';
                else {
@@ -3596,7 +3679,7 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, regnode *prog)
 
                    ln = utf8n_to_uvchr(r, UTF8SKIP(r), 0, uniflags);
                }
-               if (OP(scan) == BOUND || OP(scan) == NBOUND) {
+               if (FLAGS(scan) != REGEX_LOCALE_CHARSET) {
                    ln = isALNUM_uni(ln);
                    LOAD_UTF8_CHARCLASS_ALNUM();
                    n = swash_fetch(PL_utf8_alnum, (U8*)locinput, utf8_target);
@@ -3607,36 +3690,56 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, regnode *prog)
                }
            }
            else {
+
+               /* Here the string isn't utf8, or is utf8 and only ascii
+                * characters are to match \w.  In the latter case looking at
+                * the byte just prior to the current one may be just the final
+                * byte of a multi-byte character.  This is ok.  There are two
+                * cases:
+                * 1) it is a single byte character, and then the test is doing
+                *      just what it's supposed to.
+                * 2) it is a multi-byte character, in which case the final
+                *      byte is never mistakable for ASCII, and so the test
+                *      will say it is not a word character, which is the
+                *      correct answer. */
                ln = (locinput != PL_bostr) ?
                    UCHARAT(locinput - 1) : '\n';
-               if (FLAGS(scan) & USE_UNI) {
-
-                    /* Here, can't be BOUNDL or NBOUNDL because they never set
-                     * the flags to USE_UNI */
-                    ln = isWORDCHAR_L1(ln);
-                    n = isWORDCHAR_L1(nextchr);
-                }
-                else if (OP(scan) == BOUND || OP(scan) == NBOUND) {
-                   ln = isALNUM(ln);
-                   n = isALNUM(nextchr);
-               }
-               else {
-                   ln = isALNUM_LC(ln);
-                   n = isALNUM_LC(nextchr);
+               switch (FLAGS(scan)) {
+                   case REGEX_UNICODE_CHARSET:
+                       ln = isWORDCHAR_L1(ln);
+                       n = isWORDCHAR_L1(nextchr);
+                       break;
+                   case REGEX_LOCALE_CHARSET:
+                       ln = isALNUM_LC(ln);
+                       n = isALNUM_LC(nextchr);
+                       break;
+                   case REGEX_DEPENDS_CHARSET:
+                       ln = isALNUM(ln);
+                       n = isALNUM(nextchr);
+                       break;
+                   case REGEX_ASCII_RESTRICTED_CHARSET:
+                       ln = isWORDCHAR_A(ln);
+                       n = isWORDCHAR_A(nextchr);
+                       break;
+                   default:
+                       Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: Unexpected FLAGS %u in op %u", FLAGS(scan), OP(scan));
+                       break;
                }
            }
-           if (((!ln) == (!n)) == (OP(scan) == BOUND ||
-                                   OP(scan) == BOUNDL))
+           /* Note requires that all BOUNDs be lower than all NBOUNDs in
+            * regcomp.sym */
+           if (((!ln) == (!n)) == (OP(scan) < NBOUND))
                    sayNO;
            break;
+       case ANYOFV:
        case ANYOF:
-           if (utf8_target) {
+           if (utf8_target || state_num == ANYOFV) {
                STRLEN inclasslen = PL_regeol - locinput;
                if (locinput >= PL_regeol)
                    sayNO;
 
                if (!reginclass(rex, scan, (U8*)locinput, &inclasslen, utf8_target))
-                   goto anyof_fail;
+                   sayNO;
                locinput += inclasslen;
                nextchr = UCHARAT(locinput);
                break;
@@ -3647,30 +3750,28 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, regnode *prog)
                if (!nextchr && locinput >= PL_regeol)
                    sayNO;
                if (!REGINCLASS(rex, scan, (U8*)locinput))
-                   goto anyof_fail;
+                   sayNO;
                nextchr = UCHARAT(++locinput);
                break;
            }
-       anyof_fail:
-           /* If we might have the case of the German sharp s
-            * in a casefolding Unicode character class. */
-
-           if (ANYOF_FOLD_SHARP_S(scan, locinput, PL_regeol)) {
-                locinput += SHARP_S_SKIP;
-                nextchr = UCHARAT(locinput);
-           }
-           else
-                sayNO;
            break;
        /* Special char classes - The defines start on line 129 or so */
-        CCC_TRY_AFF_U( ALNUM,  ALNUML, perl_word,   "a", isALNUM_LC_utf8, isWORDCHAR_L1, isALNUM_LC);
-        CCC_TRY_NEG_U(NALNUM, NALNUML, perl_word,   "a", isALNUM_LC_utf8, isWORDCHAR_L1, isALNUM_LC);
-
-        CCC_TRY_AFF_U( SPACE,  SPACEL, perl_space,  " ", isSPACE_LC_utf8, isSPACE_L1, isSPACE_LC);
-        CCC_TRY_NEG_U(NSPACE, NSPACEL, perl_space,  " ", isSPACE_LC_utf8, isSPACE_L1, isSPACE_LC);
-
-       CCC_TRY_AFF( DIGIT,  DIGITL, posix_digit, "0", isDIGIT_LC_utf8, isDIGIT, isDIGIT_LC);
-       CCC_TRY_NEG(NDIGIT, NDIGITL, posix_digit, "0", isDIGIT_LC_utf8, isDIGIT, isDIGIT_LC);
+        CCC_TRY_U(ALNUM,  NALNUM,  isWORDCHAR,
+                 ALNUML, NALNUML, isALNUM_LC, isALNUM_LC_utf8,
+                 ALNUMU, NALNUMU, isWORDCHAR_L1,
+                 ALNUMA, NALNUMA, isWORDCHAR_A,
+                 alnum, "a");
+
+        CCC_TRY_U(SPACE,  NSPACE,  isSPACE,
+                 SPACEL, NSPACEL, isSPACE_LC, isSPACE_LC_utf8,
+                 SPACEU, NSPACEU, isSPACE_L1,
+                 SPACEA, NSPACEA, isSPACE_A,
+                 space, " ");
+
+        CCC_TRY(DIGIT,  NDIGIT,  isDIGIT,
+               DIGITL, NDIGITL, isDIGIT_LC, isDIGIT_LC_utf8,
+               DIGITA, NDIGITA, isDIGIT_A,
+               digit, "0");
 
        case CLUMP: /* Match \X: logical Unicode character.  This is defined as
                       a Unicode extended Grapheme Cluster */
@@ -3886,31 +3987,97 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, regnode *prog)
            break;
             
        case NREFFL:
-       {
+       {   /* The capture buffer cases.  The ones beginning with N for the
+              named buffers just convert to the equivalent numbered and
+              pretend they were called as the corresponding numbered buffer
+              op.  */
+           /* don't initialize these in the declaration, it makes C++
+              unhappy */
            char *s;
            char type;
+           re_fold_t folder;
+           const U8 *fold_array;
+           UV utf8_fold_flags;
+
            PL_reg_flags |= RF_tainted;
-           /* FALL THROUGH */
-       case NREF:
+           folder = foldEQ_locale;
+           fold_array = PL_fold_locale;
+           type = REFFL;
+           utf8_fold_flags = FOLDEQ_UTF8_LOCALE;
+           goto do_nref;
+
+       case NREFFA:
+           folder = foldEQ_latin1;
+           fold_array = PL_fold_latin1;
+           type = REFFA;
+           utf8_fold_flags = FOLDEQ_UTF8_NOMIX_ASCII;
+           goto do_nref;
+
+       case NREFFU:
+           folder = foldEQ_latin1;
+           fold_array = PL_fold_latin1;
+           type = REFFU;
+           utf8_fold_flags = 0;
+           goto do_nref;
+
        case NREFF:
-           type = OP(scan);
+           folder = foldEQ;
+           fold_array = PL_fold;
+           type = REFF;
+           utf8_fold_flags = 0;
+           goto do_nref;
+
+       case NREF:
+           type = REF;
+           folder = NULL;
+           fold_array = NULL;
+           utf8_fold_flags = 0;
+         do_nref:
+
+           /* For the named back references, find the corresponding buffer
+            * number */
            n = reg_check_named_buff_matched(rex,scan);
 
-            if ( n ) {
-                type = REF + ( type - NREF );
-                goto do_ref;
-            } else {
+            if ( ! n ) {
                 sayNO;
-            }
-            /* unreached */
+           }
+           goto do_nref_ref_common;
+
        case REFFL:
            PL_reg_flags |= RF_tainted;
-           /* FALL THROUGH */
+           folder = foldEQ_locale;
+           fold_array = PL_fold_locale;
+           utf8_fold_flags = FOLDEQ_UTF8_LOCALE;
+           goto do_ref;
+
+       case REFFA:
+           folder = foldEQ_latin1;
+           fold_array = PL_fold_latin1;
+           utf8_fold_flags = FOLDEQ_UTF8_NOMIX_ASCII;
+           goto do_ref;
+
+       case REFFU:
+           folder = foldEQ_latin1;
+           fold_array = PL_fold_latin1;
+           utf8_fold_flags = 0;
+           goto do_ref;
+
+       case REFF:
+           folder = foldEQ;
+           fold_array = PL_fold;
+           utf8_fold_flags = 0;
+           goto do_ref;
+
         case REF:
-       case REFF: 
-           n = ARG(scan);  /* which paren pair */
+           folder = NULL;
+           fold_array = NULL;
+           utf8_fold_flags = 0;
+
+         do_ref:
            type = OP(scan);
-         do_ref:  
+           n = ARG(scan);  /* which paren pair */
+
+         do_nref_ref_common:
            ln = PL_regoffs[n].start;
            PL_reg_leftiter = PL_reg_maxiter;           /* Void cache */
            if (*PL_reglastparen < n || ln == -1)
@@ -3919,49 +4086,37 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, regnode *prog)
                break;
 
            s = PL_bostr + ln;
-           if (utf8_target && type != REF) {   /* REF can do byte comparison */
-               char *l = locinput;
-               const char *e = PL_bostr + PL_regoffs[n].end;
-               /*
-                * Note that we can't do the "other character" lookup trick as
-                * in the 8-bit case (no pun intended) because in Unicode we
-                * have to map both upper and title case to lower case.
-                */
-               if (type == REFF) {
-                   while (s < e) {
-                       STRLEN ulen1, ulen2;
-                       U8 tmpbuf1[UTF8_MAXBYTES_CASE+1];
-                       U8 tmpbuf2[UTF8_MAXBYTES_CASE+1];
-
-                       if (l >= PL_regeol)
-                           sayNO;
-                       toLOWER_utf8((U8*)s, tmpbuf1, &ulen1);
-                       toLOWER_utf8((U8*)l, tmpbuf2, &ulen2);
-                       if (ulen1 != ulen2 || memNE((char *)tmpbuf1, (char *)tmpbuf2, ulen1))
-                           sayNO;
-                       s += ulen1;
-                       l += ulen2;
-                   }
+           if (type != REF     /* REF can do byte comparison */
+               && (utf8_target || type == REFFU))
+           { /* XXX handle REFFL better */
+               char * limit = PL_regeol;
+
+               /* This call case insensitively compares the entire buffer
+                   * at s, with the current input starting at locinput, but
+                   * not going off the end given by PL_regeol, and returns in
+                   * limit upon success, how much of the current input was
+                   * matched */
+               if (! foldEQ_utf8_flags(s, NULL, PL_regoffs[n].end - ln, utf8_target,
+                                   locinput, &limit, 0, utf8_target, utf8_fold_flags))
+               {
+                   sayNO;
                }
-               locinput = l;
+               locinput = limit;
                nextchr = UCHARAT(locinput);
                break;
            }
 
-           /* Inline the first character, for speed. */
+           /* Not utf8:  Inline the first character, for speed. */
            if (UCHARAT(s) != nextchr &&
                (type == REF ||
-                (UCHARAT(s) != (type == REFF
-                                 ? PL_fold : PL_fold_locale)[nextchr])))
+                UCHARAT(s) != fold_array[nextchr]))
                sayNO;
            ln = PL_regoffs[n].end - ln;
            if (locinput + ln > PL_regeol)
                sayNO;
            if (ln > 1 && (type == REF
                           ? memNE(s, locinput, ln)
-                          : (type == REFF
-                             ? ! foldEQ(s, locinput, ln)
-                             : ! foldEQ_locale(s, locinput, ln))))
+                          : ! folder(s, locinput, ln)))
                sayNO;
            locinput += ln;
            nextchr = UCHARAT(locinput);
@@ -4490,7 +4645,10 @@ NULL
            /* First just match a string of min A's. */
 
            if (n < min) {
+               ST.cp = regcppush(cur_curlyx->u.curlyx.parenfloor);
                cur_curlyx->u.curlyx.lastloc = locinput;
+               REGCP_SET(ST.lastcp);
+
                PUSH_STATE_GOTO(WHILEM_A_pre, A);
                /* NOTREACHED */
            }
@@ -4596,10 +4754,10 @@ NULL
            /* NOTREACHED */
 
        case WHILEM_A_min_fail: /* just failed to match A in a minimal match */
-           REGCP_UNWIND(ST.lastcp);
-           regcppop(rex);
            /* FALL THROUGH */
        case WHILEM_A_pre_fail: /* just failed to match even minimal A */
+           REGCP_UNWIND(ST.lastcp);
+           regcppop(rex);
            cur_curlyx->u.curlyx.lastloc = ST.save_lastloc;
            cur_curlyx->u.curlyx.count--;
            CACHEsayNO;
@@ -4843,12 +5001,13 @@ NULL
                    {
                        
                        ST.c1 = (U8)*STRING(text_node);
-                       ST.c2 =
-                           (IS_TEXTF(text_node))
-                           ? PL_fold[ST.c1]
-                           : (IS_TEXTFL(text_node))
-                               ? PL_fold_locale[ST.c1]
-                               : ST.c1;
+                       switch (OP(text_node)) {
+                           case EXACTF: ST.c2 = PL_fold[ST.c1]; break;
+                           case EXACTFA:
+                           case EXACTFU: ST.c2 = PL_fold_latin1[ST.c1]; break;
+                           case EXACTFL: ST.c2 = PL_fold_locale[ST.c1]; break;
+                           default: ST.c2 = ST.c1;
+                       }
                    }
                }
            }
@@ -4995,14 +5154,17 @@ NULL
                         if this changes back then the macro for IS_TEXT and 
                         friends need to change. */
                    if (!UTF_PATTERN) {
-                       ST.c2 = ST.c1 = *s;
-                       if (IS_TEXTF(text_node))
-                           ST.c2 = PL_fold[ST.c1];
-                       else if (IS_TEXTFL(text_node))
-                           ST.c2 = PL_fold_locale[ST.c1];
+                       ST.c1 = *s;
+                       switch (OP(text_node)) {
+                           case EXACTF: ST.c2 = PL_fold[ST.c1]; break;
+                           case EXACTFA:
+                           case EXACTFU: ST.c2 = PL_fold_latin1[ST.c1]; break;
+                           case EXACTFL: ST.c2 = PL_fold_locale[ST.c1]; break;
+                           default: ST.c2 = ST.c1; break;
+                       }
                    }
                    else { /* UTF_PATTERN */
-                       if (IS_TEXTF(text_node)) {
+                       if (IS_TEXTFU(text_node) || IS_TEXTF(text_node)) {
                             STRLEN ulen1, ulen2;
                             U8 tmpbuf1[UTF8_MAXBYTES_CASE+1];
                             U8 tmpbuf2[UTF8_MAXBYTES_CASE+1];
@@ -5247,7 +5409,7 @@ NULL
                rex = (struct regexp *)SvANY(rex_sv);
                rexi = RXi_GET(rex);
                cur_curlyx = cur_eval->u.eval.prev_curlyx;
-               ReREFCNT_inc(rex_sv);
+               (void)ReREFCNT_inc(rex_sv);
                st->u.eval.cp = regcppush(0);   /* Save *all* the positions. */
 
                /* rex was changed so update the pointer in PL_reglastparen and PL_reglastcloseparen */
@@ -5468,7 +5630,7 @@ NULL
             n = ARG(scan);
             if ( n == (U32)what_len_TRICKYFOLD(locinput,utf8_target,ln) ) {
                 locinput += ln;
-            } else if ( 0xDF == n && !utf8_target && !UTF_PATTERN ) {
+            } else if ( LATIN_SMALL_LETTER_SHARP_S == n && !utf8_target && !UTF_PATTERN ) {
                 sayNO;
             } else  {
                 U8 folded[UTF8_MAXBYTES_CASE+1];
@@ -5716,6 +5878,7 @@ S_regrepeat(pTHX_ const regexp *prog, const regnode *p, I32 max, int depth)
     register char *loceol = PL_regeol;
     register I32 hardcount = 0;
     register bool utf8_target = PL_reg_match_utf8;
+    UV utf8_flags;
 #ifndef DEBUGGING
     PERL_UNUSED_ARG(depth);
 #endif
@@ -5754,113 +5917,116 @@ S_regrepeat(pTHX_ const regexp *prog, const regnode *p, I32 max, int depth)
     case CANY:
        scan = loceol;
        break;
-    case EXACTFL:
-       PL_reg_flags |= RF_tainted;
-       /* FALL THROUGH */
     case EXACT:
-    case EXACTF:
-       /* To get here, EXACTish nodes must have *byte* length == 1.  That means
-        * they match only characters in the string that can be expressed as a
-        * single byte.  For non-utf8 strings, that means a simple match.  For
-        * utf8 strings, the character matched must be an invariant, or
+       /* To get here, EXACTish nodes must have *byte* length == 1.  That
+        * means they match only characters in the string that can be expressed
+        * as a single byte.  For non-utf8 strings, that means a simple match.
+        * For utf8 strings, the character matched must be an invariant, or
         * downgradable to a single byte.  The pattern's utf8ness is
-        * irrelevant, as it must be a single byte, so either it isn't utf8, or
-        * if it is it's an invariant */
+        * irrelevant, as since it's a single byte, it either isn't utf8, or if
+        * it is, it's an invariant */
 
        c = (U8)*STRING(p);
        assert(! UTF_PATTERN || UNI_IS_INVARIANT(c));
 
-       if ((! utf8_target) || UNI_IS_INVARIANT(c)) {
-
-           /* Here, the string isn't utf8, or the character in the EXACT
-            * node is the same in utf8 as not, so can just do equality.
-            * Each matching char must be 1 byte long */
-           switch (OP(p)) {
-           case EXACT:
-               while (scan < loceol && UCHARAT(scan) == c) {
-                   scan++;
-               }
-               break;
-           case EXACTF:
-               while (scan < loceol &&
-                   (UCHARAT(scan) == c || UCHARAT(scan) == PL_fold[c]))
-               {
-                   scan++;
-               }
-               break;
-           case EXACTFL:
-               while (scan < loceol &&
-                   (UCHARAT(scan) == c || UCHARAT(scan) == PL_fold_locale[c]))
-               {
-                   scan++;
-               }
-               break;
-           default:
-               Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: Unexpected op %u", OP(p));
+       if (! utf8_target || UNI_IS_INVARIANT(c)) {
+           while (scan < loceol && UCHARAT(scan) == c) {
+               scan++;
            }
        }
        else {
 
            /* Here, the string is utf8, and the pattern char is different
-            * in utf8 than not.  */
+            * in utf8 than not, so can't compare them directly.  Outside the
+            * loop, find find the two utf8 bytes that represent c, and then
+            * look for those in sequence in the utf8 string */
+           U8 high = UTF8_TWO_BYTE_HI(c);
+           U8 low = UTF8_TWO_BYTE_LO(c);
+           loceol = PL_regeol;
 
-           switch (OP(p)) {
-           case EXACT:
-               {
-                   /* Fastest to find the two utf8 bytes that represent c, and
-                    * then look for those in sequence in the utf8 string */
-                   U8 high = UTF8_TWO_BYTE_HI(c);
-                   U8 low = UTF8_TWO_BYTE_LO(c);
-                   loceol = PL_regeol;
-
-                   while (hardcount < max
-                          && scan + 1 < loceol
-                          && UCHARAT(scan) == high
-                          && UCHARAT(scan + 1) == low)
-                   {
-                       scan += 2;
-                       hardcount++;
-                   }
-               }
-               break;
-           case EXACTFL:   /* Doesn't really make sense, but is best we can
-                              do.  The documents warn against mixing locale
-                              and utf8 */
-           case EXACTF:
-               {   /* utf8 string, so use utf8 foldEQ */
-                   char *tmpeol = loceol;
-                   while (hardcount < max
-                          && foldEQ_utf8(scan, &tmpeol, 0, utf8_target,
-                                         STRING(p), NULL, 1, UTF_PATTERN))
-                   {
-                       scan = tmpeol;
-                       tmpeol = loceol;
-                       hardcount++;
-                   }
+           while (hardcount < max
+                   && scan + 1 < loceol
+                   && UCHARAT(scan) == high
+                   && UCHARAT(scan + 1) == low)
+           {
+               scan += 2;
+               hardcount++;
+           }
+       }
+       break;
+    case EXACTFA:
+       utf8_flags = FOLDEQ_UTF8_NOMIX_ASCII;
+       goto do_exactf;
 
-                   /* XXX Note that the above handles properly the German
-                    * sharp ss in the pattern matching ss in the string.  But
-                    * it doesn't handle properly cases where the string
-                    * contains say 'LIGATURE ff' and the pattern is 'f+'.
-                    * This would require, say, a new function or revised
-                    * interface to foldEQ_utf8(), in which the maximum number
-                    * of characters to match could be passed and it would
-                    * return how many actually did.  This is just one of many
-                    * cases where multi-char folds don't work properly, and so
-                    * the fix is being deferred */
-               }
-               break;
-           default:
-               Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: Unexpected op %u", OP(p));
+    case EXACTFL:
+       PL_reg_flags |= RF_tainted;
+       utf8_flags = FOLDEQ_UTF8_LOCALE;
+       goto do_exactf;
+
+    case EXACTF:
+    case EXACTFU:
+       utf8_flags = 0;
+
+       /* The comments for the EXACT case above apply as well to these fold
+        * ones */
+
+    do_exactf:
+       c = (U8)*STRING(p);
+       assert(! UTF_PATTERN || UNI_IS_INVARIANT(c));
+
+       if (utf8_target) { /* Use full Unicode fold matching */
+           char *tmpeol = loceol;
+           while (hardcount < max
+                   && foldEQ_utf8_flags(scan, &tmpeol, 0, utf8_target,
+                                  STRING(p), NULL, 1, cBOOL(UTF_PATTERN), utf8_flags))
+           {
+               scan = tmpeol;
+               tmpeol = loceol;
+               hardcount++;
+           }
+
+           /* XXX Note that the above handles properly the German sharp s in
+            * the pattern matching ss in the string.  But it doesn't handle
+            * properly cases where the string contains say 'LIGATURE ff' and
+            * the pattern is 'f+'.  This would require, say, a new function or
+            * revised interface to foldEQ_utf8(), in which the maximum number
+            * of characters to match could be passed and it would return how
+            * many actually did.  This is just one of many cases where
+            * multi-char folds don't work properly, and so the fix is being
+            * deferred */
+       }
+       else {
+           U8 folded;
+
+           /* Here, the string isn't utf8 and c is a single byte; and either
+            * the pattern isn't utf8 or c is an invariant, so its utf8ness
+            * doesn't affect c.  Can just do simple comparisons for exact or
+            * fold matching. */
+           switch (OP(p)) {
+               case EXACTF: folded = PL_fold[c]; break;
+               case EXACTFA:
+               case EXACTFU: folded = PL_fold_latin1[c]; break;
+               case EXACTFL: folded = PL_fold_locale[c]; break;
+               default: Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: Unexpected op %u", OP(p));
+           }
+           while (scan < loceol &&
+                  (UCHARAT(scan) == c || UCHARAT(scan) == folded))
+           {
+               scan++;
            }
        }
        break;
+    case ANYOFV:
     case ANYOF:
-       if (utf8_target) {
+       if (utf8_target || OP(p) == ANYOFV) {
+           STRLEN inclasslen;
            loceol = PL_regeol;
-           while (hardcount < max && scan < loceol &&
-                  reginclass(prog, p, (U8*)scan, 0, utf8_target)) {
-               scan += UTF8SKIP(scan);
+           inclasslen = loceol - scan;
+           while (hardcount < max
+                  && ((inclasslen = loceol - scan) > 0)
+                  && reginclass(prog, p, (U8*)scan, &inclasslen, utf8_target))
+           {
+               scan += inclasslen;
                hardcount++;
            }
        } else {
@@ -5868,8 +6034,9 @@ S_regrepeat(pTHX_ const regexp *prog, const regnode *p, I32 max, int depth)
                scan++;
        }
        break;
-    case ALNUM:
+    case ALNUMU:
        if (utf8_target) {
+    utf8_wordchar:
            loceol = PL_regeol;
            LOAD_UTF8_CHARCLASS_ALNUM();
            while (hardcount < max && scan < loceol &&
@@ -5878,14 +6045,22 @@ S_regrepeat(pTHX_ const regexp *prog, const regnode *p, I32 max, int depth)
                scan += UTF8SKIP(scan);
                hardcount++;
            }
-        } else if (FLAGS(p) & USE_UNI) {
+        } else {
             while (scan < loceol && isWORDCHAR_L1((U8) *scan)) {
                 scan++;
             }
-       } else {
-            while (scan < loceol && isALNUM((U8) *scan)) {
-                scan++;
-            }
+       }
+       break;
+    case ALNUM:
+       if (utf8_target)
+           goto utf8_wordchar;
+       while (scan < loceol && isALNUM((U8) *scan)) {
+           scan++;
+       }
+       break;
+    case ALNUMA:
+       while (scan < loceol && isWORDCHAR_A((U8) *scan)) {
+           scan++;
        }
        break;
     case ALNUML:
@@ -5902,24 +6077,42 @@ S_regrepeat(pTHX_ const regexp *prog, const regnode *p, I32 max, int depth)
                scan++;
        }
        break;
-    case NALNUM:
+    case NALNUMU:
        if (utf8_target) {
+
+    utf8_Nwordchar:
+
            loceol = PL_regeol;
            LOAD_UTF8_CHARCLASS_ALNUM();
            while (hardcount < max && scan < loceol &&
-                   !swash_fetch(PL_utf8_alnum, (U8*)scan, utf8_target))
+                   ! swash_fetch(PL_utf8_alnum, (U8*)scan, utf8_target))
             {
                scan += UTF8SKIP(scan);
                hardcount++;
            }
-        } else if (FLAGS(p) & USE_UNI) {
+        } else {
             while (scan < loceol && ! isWORDCHAR_L1((U8) *scan)) {
                 scan++;
             }
-       } else {
-            while (scan < loceol && ! isALNUM((U8) *scan)) {
-                scan++;
-            }
+       }
+       break;
+    case NALNUM:
+       if (utf8_target)
+           goto utf8_Nwordchar;
+       while (scan < loceol && ! isALNUM((U8) *scan)) {
+           scan++;
+       }
+       break;
+    case NALNUMA:
+       if (utf8_target) {
+           while (scan < loceol && ! isWORDCHAR_A((U8) *scan)) {
+               scan += UTF8SKIP(scan);
+           }
+       }
+       else {
+           while (scan < loceol && ! isWORDCHAR_A((U8) *scan)) {
+               scan++;
+           }
        }
        break;
     case NALNUML:
@@ -5936,8 +6129,11 @@ S_regrepeat(pTHX_ const regexp *prog, const regnode *p, I32 max, int depth)
                scan++;
        }
        break;
-    case SPACE:
+    case SPACEU:
        if (utf8_target) {
+
+    utf8_space:
+
            loceol = PL_regeol;
            LOAD_UTF8_CHARCLASS_SPACE();
            while (hardcount < max && scan < loceol &&
@@ -5947,13 +6143,25 @@ S_regrepeat(pTHX_ const regexp *prog, const regnode *p, I32 max, int depth)
                scan += UTF8SKIP(scan);
                hardcount++;
            }
-        } else if (FLAGS(p) & USE_UNI) {
+           break;
+       }
+       else {
             while (scan < loceol && isSPACE_L1((U8) *scan)) {
                 scan++;
             }
-       } else {
-            while (scan < loceol && isSPACE((U8) *scan))
-                scan++;
+           break;
+       }
+    case SPACE:
+       if (utf8_target)
+           goto utf8_space;
+
+       while (scan < loceol && isSPACE((U8) *scan)) {
+           scan++;
+       }
+       break;
+    case SPACEA:
+       while (scan < loceol && isSPACE_A((U8) *scan)) {
+           scan++;
        }
        break;
     case SPACEL:
@@ -5961,7 +6169,7 @@ S_regrepeat(pTHX_ const regexp *prog, const regnode *p, I32 max, int depth)
        if (utf8_target) {
            loceol = PL_regeol;
            while (hardcount < max && scan < loceol &&
-                  (*scan == ' ' || isSPACE_LC_utf8((U8*)scan))) {
+                  isSPACE_LC_utf8((U8*)scan)) {
                scan += UTF8SKIP(scan);
                hardcount++;
            }
@@ -5970,25 +6178,46 @@ S_regrepeat(pTHX_ const regexp *prog, const regnode *p, I32 max, int depth)
                scan++;
        }
        break;
-    case NSPACE:
+    case NSPACEU:
        if (utf8_target) {
+
+    utf8_Nspace:
+
            loceol = PL_regeol;
            LOAD_UTF8_CHARCLASS_SPACE();
            while (hardcount < max && scan < loceol &&
-                  !(*scan == ' ' ||
-                     swash_fetch(PL_utf8_space,(U8*)scan, utf8_target)))
+                  ! (*scan == ' ' ||
+                      swash_fetch(PL_utf8_space,(U8*)scan, utf8_target)))
             {
                scan += UTF8SKIP(scan);
                hardcount++;
            }
-        } else if (FLAGS(p) & USE_UNI) {
+           break;
+       }
+       else {
             while (scan < loceol && ! isSPACE_L1((U8) *scan)) {
                 scan++;
             }
-       } else {
-            while (scan < loceol && ! isSPACE((U8) *scan)) {
-                scan++;
-            }
+       }
+       break;
+    case NSPACE:
+       if (utf8_target)
+           goto utf8_Nspace;
+
+       while (scan < loceol && ! isSPACE((U8) *scan)) {
+           scan++;
+       }
+       break;
+    case NSPACEA:
+       if (utf8_target) {
+           while (scan < loceol && ! isSPACE_A((U8) *scan)) {
+               scan += UTF8SKIP(scan);
+           }
+       }
+       else {
+           while (scan < loceol && ! isSPACE_A((U8) *scan)) {
+               scan++;
+           }
        }
        break;
     case NSPACEL:
@@ -5996,7 +6225,7 @@ S_regrepeat(pTHX_ const regexp *prog, const regnode *p, I32 max, int depth)
        if (utf8_target) {
            loceol = PL_regeol;
            while (hardcount < max && scan < loceol &&
-                  !(*scan == ' ' || isSPACE_LC_utf8((U8*)scan))) {
+                  !isSPACE_LC_utf8((U8*)scan)) {
                scan += UTF8SKIP(scan);
                hardcount++;
            }
@@ -6019,6 +6248,25 @@ S_regrepeat(pTHX_ const regexp *prog, const regnode *p, I32 max, int depth)
                scan++;
        }
        break;
+    case DIGITA:
+       while (scan < loceol && isDIGIT_A((U8) *scan)) {
+           scan++;
+       }
+       break;
+    case DIGITL:
+       PL_reg_flags |= RF_tainted;
+       if (utf8_target) {
+           loceol = PL_regeol;
+           while (hardcount < max && scan < loceol &&
+                  isDIGIT_LC_utf8((U8*)scan)) {
+               scan += UTF8SKIP(scan);
+               hardcount++;
+           }
+       } else {
+           while (scan < loceol && isDIGIT_LC(*scan))
+               scan++;
+       }
+       break;
     case NDIGIT:
        if (utf8_target) {
            loceol = PL_regeol;
@@ -6032,6 +6280,33 @@ S_regrepeat(pTHX_ const regexp *prog, const regnode *p, I32 max, int depth)
            while (scan < loceol && !isDIGIT(*scan))
                scan++;
        }
+       break;
+    case NDIGITA:
+       if (utf8_target) {
+           while (scan < loceol && ! isDIGIT_A((U8) *scan)) {
+               scan += UTF8SKIP(scan);
+           }
+       }
+       else {
+           while (scan < loceol && ! isDIGIT_A((U8) *scan)) {
+               scan++;
+           }
+       }
+       break;
+    case NDIGITL:
+       PL_reg_flags |= RF_tainted;
+       if (utf8_target) {
+           loceol = PL_regeol;
+           while (hardcount < max && scan < loceol &&
+                  !isDIGIT_LC_utf8((U8*)scan)) {
+               scan += UTF8SKIP(scan);
+               hardcount++;
+           }
+       } else {
+           while (scan < loceol && !isDIGIT_LC(*scan))
+               scan++;
+       }
+       break;
     case LNBREAK:
         if (utf8_target) {
            loceol = PL_regeol;
@@ -6145,6 +6420,8 @@ Perl_regclass_swash(pTHX_ const regexp *prog, register const regnode* node, bool
 
     PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_REGCLASS_SWASH;
 
+    assert(ANYOF_NONBITMAP(node));
+
     if (data && data->count) {
        const U32 n = ARG(node);
 
@@ -6196,6 +6473,10 @@ Perl_regclass_swash(pTHX_ const regexp *prog, register const regnode* node, bool
   bytes in p were matched.  If there was no match, the value is undefined,
   possibly changed from the input.
 
+  Note that this can be a synthetic start class, a combination of various
+  nodes, so things you think might be mutually exclusive, such as locale,
+  aren't.  It can match both locale and non-locale
+
  */
 
 STATIC bool
@@ -6236,49 +6517,243 @@ S_reginclass(pTHX_ const regexp * const prog, register const regnode * const n,
        maxlen = c_len;
     }
 
-    if (utf8_target || (flags & ANYOF_UNICODE)) {
-       if (utf8_target && !ANYOF_RUNTIME(n)) {
-           if (c < 256 && ANYOF_BITMAP_TEST(n, c))
+    /* If this character is potentially in the bitmap, check it */
+    if (c < 256) {
+       if (ANYOF_BITMAP_TEST(n, c))
+           match = TRUE;
+       else if (flags & ANYOF_NON_UTF8_LATIN1_ALL
+               && ! utf8_target
+               && ! isASCII(c))
+       {
+           match = TRUE;
+       }
+
+       else if (flags & ANYOF_LOCALE) {
+           PL_reg_flags |= RF_tainted;
+
+           if ((flags & ANYOF_LOC_NONBITMAP_FOLD)
+                && ANYOF_BITMAP_TEST(n, PL_fold_locale[c]))
+           {
+               match = TRUE;
+           }
+           else if (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST_ANY_SET(n) &&
+                    ((ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_ALNUM)   &&  isALNUM_LC(c))  ||
+                     (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_NALNUM)  && !isALNUM_LC(c))  ||
+                     (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_SPACE)   &&  isSPACE_LC(c))  ||
+                     (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_NSPACE)  && !isSPACE_LC(c))  ||
+                     (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_DIGIT)   &&  isDIGIT_LC(c))  ||
+                     (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_NDIGIT)  && !isDIGIT_LC(c))  ||
+                     (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_ALNUMC)  &&  isALNUMC_LC(c)) ||
+                     (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_NALNUMC) && !isALNUMC_LC(c)) ||
+                     (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_ALPHA)   &&  isALPHA_LC(c))  ||
+                     (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_NALPHA)  && !isALPHA_LC(c))  ||
+                     (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_ASCII)   &&  isASCII(c))     ||
+                     (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_NASCII)  && !isASCII(c))     ||
+                     (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_CNTRL)   &&  isCNTRL_LC(c))  ||
+                     (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_NCNTRL)  && !isCNTRL_LC(c))  ||
+                     (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_GRAPH)   &&  isGRAPH_LC(c))  ||
+                     (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_NGRAPH)  && !isGRAPH_LC(c))  ||
+                     (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_LOWER)   &&  isLOWER_LC(c))  ||
+                     (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_NLOWER)  && !isLOWER_LC(c))  ||
+                     (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_PRINT)   &&  isPRINT_LC(c))  ||
+                     (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_NPRINT)  && !isPRINT_LC(c))  ||
+                     (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_PUNCT)   &&  isPUNCT_LC(c))  ||
+                     (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_NPUNCT)  && !isPUNCT_LC(c))  ||
+                     (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_UPPER)   &&  isUPPER_LC(c))  ||
+                     (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_NUPPER)  && !isUPPER_LC(c))  ||
+                     (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_XDIGIT)  &&  isXDIGIT(c))    ||
+                     (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_NXDIGIT) && !isXDIGIT(c))    ||
+                     (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_PSXSPC)  &&  isPSXSPC(c))    ||
+                     (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_NPSXSPC) && !isPSXSPC(c))    ||
+                     (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_BLANK)   &&  isBLANK(c))     ||
+                     (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_NBLANK)  && !isBLANK(c))
+                    ) /* How's that for a conditional? */
+           ) {
                match = TRUE;
+           }
        }
-       if (!match && utf8_target && (flags & ANYOF_UNICODE_ALL) && c >= 256)
-           match = TRUE;
-       if (!match) {
+    }
+
+    /* If the bitmap didn't (or couldn't) match, and something outside the
+     * bitmap could match, try that.  Locale nodes specifiy completely the
+     * behavior of code points in the bit map (otherwise, a utf8 target would
+     * cause them to be treated as Unicode and not locale), except in
+     * the very unlikely event when this node is a synthetic start class, which
+     * could be a combination of locale and non-locale nodes.  So allow locale
+     * to match for the synthetic start class, which will give a false
+     * positive that will be resolved when the match is done again as not part
+     * of the synthetic start class */
+    if (!match) {
+       if (utf8_target && (flags & ANYOF_UNICODE_ALL) && c >= 256) {
+           match = TRUE;       /* Everything above 255 matches */
+       }
+       else if (ANYOF_NONBITMAP(n)
+                && ((flags & ANYOF_NONBITMAP_NON_UTF8)
+                    || (utf8_target
+                        && (c >=256
+                            || (! (flags & ANYOF_LOCALE))
+                            || (flags & ANYOF_IS_SYNTHETIC)))))
+       {
            AV *av;
            SV * const sw = regclass_swash(prog, n, TRUE, 0, (SV**)&av);
-       
+
            if (sw) {
                U8 * utf8_p;
                if (utf8_target) {
                    utf8_p = (U8 *) p;
                } else {
-                   STRLEN len = 1;
+
+                   /* Not utf8.  Convert as much of the string as available up
+                    * to the limit of how far the (single) character in the
+                    * pattern can possibly match (no need to go further).  If
+                    * the node is a straight ANYOF or not folding, it can't
+                    * match more than one.  Otherwise, It can match up to how
+                    * far a single char can fold to.  Since not utf8, each
+                    * character is a single byte, so the max it can be in
+                    * bytes is the same as the max it can be in characters */
+                   STRLEN len = (OP(n) == ANYOF
+                                 || ! (flags & ANYOF_LOC_NONBITMAP_FOLD))
+                                 ? 1
+                                 : (maxlen < UTF8_MAX_FOLD_CHAR_EXPAND)
+                                   ? maxlen
+                                   : UTF8_MAX_FOLD_CHAR_EXPAND;
                    utf8_p = bytes_to_utf8(p, &len);
                }
-               if (swash_fetch(sw, utf8_p, 1))
+
+               if (swash_fetch(sw, utf8_p, TRUE))
                    match = TRUE;
-               else if (flags & ANYOF_FOLD) {
-                   if (!match && lenp && av) {
+               else if (flags & ANYOF_LOC_NONBITMAP_FOLD) {
+
+                   /* Here, we need to test if the fold of the target string
+                    * matches.  The non-multi char folds have all been moved to
+                     * the compilation phase, and the multi-char folds have
+                     * been stored by regcomp into 'av'; we linearly check to
+                     * see if any match the target string (folded).   We know
+                     * that the originals were each one character, but we don't
+                     * currently know how many characters/bytes each folded to,
+                     * except we do know that there are small limits imposed by
+                     * Unicode.  XXX A performance enhancement would be to have
+                     * regcomp.c store the max number of chars/bytes that are
+                     * in an av entry, as, say the 0th element.  Even better
+                     * would be to have a hash of the few characters that can
+                     * start a multi-char fold to the max number of chars of
+                     * those folds.
+                    *
+                    * If there is a match, we will need to advance (if lenp is
+                    * specified) the match pointer in the target string.  But
+                    * what we are comparing here isn't that string directly,
+                    * but its fold, whose length may differ from the original.
+                    * As we go along in constructing the fold, therefore, we
+                    * create a map so that we know how many bytes in the
+                    * source to advance given that we have matched a certain
+                    * number of bytes in the fold.  This map is stored in
+                    * 'map_fold_len_back'.  Let n mean the number of bytes in
+                    * the fold of the first character that we are folding.
+                    * Then map_fold_len_back[n] is set to the number of bytes
+                    * in that first character.  Similarly let m be the
+                    * corresponding number for the second character to be
+                    * folded.  Then map_fold_len_back[n+m] is set to the
+                    * number of bytes occupied by the first two source
+                    * characters. ... */
+                   U8 map_fold_len_back[UTF8_MAXBYTES_CASE+1] = { 0 };
+                   U8 folded[UTF8_MAXBYTES_CASE+1];
+                   STRLEN foldlen = 0; /* num bytes in fold of 1st char */
+                   STRLEN total_foldlen = 0; /* num bytes in fold of all
+                                                 chars */
+
+                   if (OP(n) == ANYOF || maxlen == 1 || ! lenp || ! av) {
+
+                       /* Here, only need to fold the first char of the target
+                        * string.  It the source wasn't utf8, is 1 byte long */
+                       to_utf8_fold(utf8_p, folded, &foldlen);
+                       total_foldlen = foldlen;
+                       map_fold_len_back[foldlen] = (utf8_target)
+                                                    ? UTF8SKIP(utf8_p)
+                                                    : 1;
+                   }
+                   else {
+
+                       /* Here, need to fold more than the first char.  Do so
+                        * up to the limits */
+                       U8* source_ptr = utf8_p;    /* The source for the fold
+                                                      is the regex target
+                                                      string */
+                       U8* folded_ptr = folded;
+                       U8* e = utf8_p + maxlen;    /* Can't go beyond last
+                                                      available byte in the
+                                                      target string */
+                       U8 i;
+                       for (i = 0;
+                            i < UTF8_MAX_FOLD_CHAR_EXPAND && source_ptr < e;
+                            i++)
+                       {
+
+                           /* Fold the next character */
+                           U8 this_char_folded[UTF8_MAXBYTES_CASE+1];
+                           STRLEN this_char_foldlen;
+                           to_utf8_fold(source_ptr,
+                                        this_char_folded,
+                                        &this_char_foldlen);
+
+                           /* Bail if it would exceed the byte limit for
+                            * folding a single char. */
+                           if (this_char_foldlen + folded_ptr - folded >
+                                                           UTF8_MAXBYTES_CASE)
+                           {
+                               break;
+                           }
+
+                           /* Add the fold of this character */
+                           Copy(this_char_folded,
+                                folded_ptr,
+                                this_char_foldlen,
+                                U8);
+                           source_ptr += UTF8SKIP(source_ptr);
+                           folded_ptr += this_char_foldlen;
+                           total_foldlen = folded_ptr - folded;
+
+                           /* Create map from the number of bytes in the fold
+                            * back to the number of bytes in the source.  If
+                            * the source isn't utf8, the byte count is just
+                            * the number of characters so far */
+                           map_fold_len_back[total_foldlen]
+                                                     = (utf8_target)
+                                                       ? source_ptr - utf8_p
+                                                       : i + 1;
+                       }
+                       *folded_ptr = '\0';
+                   }
+
+
+                   /* Do the linear search to see if the fold is in the list
+                    * of multi-char folds. */
+                   if (av) {
                        I32 i;
                        for (i = 0; i <= av_len(av); i++) {
                            SV* const sv = *av_fetch(av, i, FALSE);
                            STRLEN len;
                            const char * const s = SvPV_const(sv, len);
-                           if (len <= maxlen && memEQ(s, (char*)utf8_p, len)) {
-                               *lenp = len;
+
+                           if (len <= total_foldlen
+                               && memEQ(s, (char*)folded, len)
+
+                                  /* If 0, means matched a partial char. See
+                                   * [perl #90536] */
+                               && map_fold_len_back[len])
+                           {
+
+                               /* Advance the target string ptr to account for
+                                * this fold, but have to translate from the
+                                * folded length to the corresponding source
+                                * length. */
+                               if (lenp) {
+                                   *lenp = map_fold_len_back[len];
+                               }
                                match = TRUE;
                                break;
                            }
                        }
                    }
-                   if (!match) {
-                       U8 tmpbuf[UTF8_MAXBYTES_CASE+1];
-
-                       STRLEN tmplen;
-                       to_utf8_fold(utf8_p, tmpbuf, &tmplen);
-                       if (swash_fetch(sw, tmpbuf, 1))
-                           match = TRUE;
-                   }
                }
 
                /* If we allocated a string above, free it */
@@ -6286,61 +6761,6 @@ S_reginclass(pTHX_ const regexp * const prog, register const regnode * const n,
            }
        }
     }
-    if (!match && c < 256) {
-       if (ANYOF_BITMAP_TEST(n, c))
-           match = TRUE;
-       else if (flags & ANYOF_FOLD) {
-           U8 f;
-
-           if (flags & ANYOF_LOCALE) {
-               PL_reg_flags |= RF_tainted;
-               f = PL_fold_locale[c];
-           }
-           else
-               f = PL_fold[c];
-           if (f != c && ANYOF_BITMAP_TEST(n, f))
-               match = TRUE;
-       }
-       
-       if (!match && (flags & ANYOF_CLASS)) {
-           PL_reg_flags |= RF_tainted;
-           if (
-               (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_ALNUM)   &&  isALNUM_LC(c))  ||
-               (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_NALNUM)  && !isALNUM_LC(c))  ||
-               (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_SPACE)   &&  isSPACE_LC(c))  ||
-               (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_NSPACE)  && !isSPACE_LC(c))  ||
-               (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_DIGIT)   &&  isDIGIT_LC(c))  ||
-               (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_NDIGIT)  && !isDIGIT_LC(c))  ||
-               (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_ALNUMC)  &&  isALNUMC_LC(c)) ||
-               (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_NALNUMC) && !isALNUMC_LC(c)) ||
-               (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_ALPHA)   &&  isALPHA_LC(c))  ||
-               (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_NALPHA)  && !isALPHA_LC(c))  ||
-               (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_ASCII)   &&  isASCII(c))     ||
-               (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_NASCII)  && !isASCII(c))     ||
-               (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_CNTRL)   &&  isCNTRL_LC(c))  ||
-               (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_NCNTRL)  && !isCNTRL_LC(c))  ||
-               (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_GRAPH)   &&  isGRAPH_LC(c))  ||
-               (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_NGRAPH)  && !isGRAPH_LC(c))  ||
-               (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_LOWER)   &&  isLOWER_LC(c))  ||
-               (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_NLOWER)  && !isLOWER_LC(c))  ||
-               (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_PRINT)   &&  isPRINT_LC(c))  ||
-               (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_NPRINT)  && !isPRINT_LC(c))  ||
-               (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_PUNCT)   &&  isPUNCT_LC(c))  ||
-               (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_NPUNCT)  && !isPUNCT_LC(c))  ||
-               (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_UPPER)   &&  isUPPER_LC(c))  ||
-               (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_NUPPER)  && !isUPPER_LC(c))  ||
-               (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_XDIGIT)  &&  isXDIGIT(c))    ||
-               (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_NXDIGIT) && !isXDIGIT(c))    ||
-               (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_PSXSPC)  &&  isPSXSPC(c))    ||
-               (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_NPSXSPC) && !isPSXSPC(c))    ||
-               (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_BLANK)   &&  isBLANK(c))     ||
-               (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_NBLANK)  && !isBLANK(c))
-               ) /* How's that for a conditional? */
-           {
-               match = TRUE;
-           }
-       }
-    }
 
     return (flags & ANYOF_INVERT) ? !match : match;
 }
@@ -6467,16 +6887,16 @@ S_to_utf8_substr(pTHX_ register regexp *prog)
            prog->substrs->data[i].utf8_substr = sv;
            sv_utf8_upgrade(sv);
            if (SvVALID(prog->substrs->data[i].substr)) {
-               const U8 flags = BmFLAGS(prog->substrs->data[i].substr);
-               if (flags & FBMcf_TAIL) {
+               if (SvTAIL(prog->substrs->data[i].substr)) {
                    /* Trim the trailing \n that fbm_compile added last
                       time.  */
                    SvCUR_set(sv, SvCUR(sv) - 1);
                    /* Whilst this makes the SV technically "invalid" (as its
                       buffer is no longer followed by "\0") when fbm_compile()
                       adds the "\n" back, a "\0" is restored.  */
-               }
-               fbm_compile(sv, flags);
+                   fbm_compile(sv, FBMcf_TAIL);
+               } else
+                   fbm_compile(sv, 0);
            }
            if (prog->substrs->data[i].substr == prog->check_substr)
                prog->check_utf8 = sv;
@@ -6498,15 +6918,14 @@ S_to_byte_substr(pTHX_ register regexp *prog)
            SV* sv = newSVsv(prog->substrs->data[i].utf8_substr);
            if (sv_utf8_downgrade(sv, TRUE)) {
                if (SvVALID(prog->substrs->data[i].utf8_substr)) {
-                   const U8 flags
-                       = BmFLAGS(prog->substrs->data[i].utf8_substr);
-                   if (flags & FBMcf_TAIL) {
+                   if (SvTAIL(prog->substrs->data[i].utf8_substr)) {
                        /* Trim the trailing \n that fbm_compile added last
                           time.  */
                        SvCUR_set(sv, SvCUR(sv) - 1);
-                   }
-                   fbm_compile(sv, flags);
-               }           
+                       fbm_compile(sv, FBMcf_TAIL);
+                   } else
+                       fbm_compile(sv, 0);
+               }
            } else {
                SvREFCNT_dec(sv);
                sv = &PL_sv_undef;