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regcomp.c: Fix upper loop limit
[perl5.git] / regcomp.c
index aeebaf3..a6090ed 100644 (file)
--- a/regcomp.c
+++ b/regcomp.c
@@ -91,12 +91,6 @@ extern const struct regexp_engine my_reg_engine;
 #include "inline_invlist.c"
 #include "unicode_constants.h"
 
-#ifdef HAS_ISBLANK
-#   define hasISBLANK 1
-#else
-#   define hasISBLANK 0
-#endif
-
 #define HAS_NONLATIN1_FOLD_CLOSURE(i) _HAS_NONLATIN1_FOLD_CLOSURE_ONLY_FOR_USE_BY_REGCOMP_DOT_C_AND_REGEXEC_DOT_C(i)
 #define IS_NON_FINAL_FOLD(c) _IS_NON_FINAL_FOLD_ONLY_FOR_USE_BY_REGCOMP_DOT_C(c)
 #define IS_IN_SOME_FOLD_L1(c) _IS_IN_SOME_FOLD_ONLY_FOR_USE_BY_REGCOMP_DOT_C(c)
@@ -755,6 +749,17 @@ S_scan_commit(pTHX_ const RExC_state_t *pRExC_state, scan_data_t *data, I32 *min
     DEBUG_STUDYDATA("commit: ",data,0);
 }
 
+/* These macros set, clear and test whether the synthetic start class ('ssc',
+ * given by the parameter) matches an empty string (EOS).  This uses the
+ * 'next_off' field in the node, to save a bit in the flags field.  The ssc
+ * stands alone, so there is never a next_off, so this field is otherwise
+ * unused.  The EOS information is used only for compilation, but theoretically
+ * it could be passed on to the execution code.  This could be used to store
+ * more than one bit of information, but only this one is currently used. */
+#define SET_SSC_EOS(node)   STMT_START { (node)->next_off = TRUE; } STMT_END
+#define CLEAR_SSC_EOS(node) STMT_START { (node)->next_off = FALSE; } STMT_END
+#define TEST_SSC_EOS(node)  cBOOL((node)->next_off)
+
 /* Can match anything (initialization) */
 STATIC void
 S_cl_anything(const RExC_state_t *pRExC_state, struct regnode_charclass_class *cl)
@@ -762,8 +767,8 @@ S_cl_anything(const RExC_state_t *pRExC_state, struct regnode_charclass_class *c
     PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CL_ANYTHING;
 
     ANYOF_BITMAP_SETALL(cl);
-    cl->flags = ANYOF_CLASS|ANYOF_EOS|ANYOF_UNICODE_ALL
-               |ANYOF_NON_UTF8_LATIN1_ALL;
+    cl->flags = ANYOF_UNICODE_ALL;
+    SET_SSC_EOS(cl);
 
     /* If any portion of the regex is to operate under locale rules,
      * initialization includes it.  The reason this isn't done for all regexes
@@ -774,7 +779,7 @@ S_cl_anything(const RExC_state_t *pRExC_state, struct regnode_charclass_class *c
      * necessary. */
     if (RExC_contains_locale) {
        ANYOF_CLASS_SETALL(cl);     /* /l uses class */
-       cl->flags |= ANYOF_LOCALE|ANYOF_LOC_FOLD;
+       cl->flags |= ANYOF_LOCALE|ANYOF_CLASS|ANYOF_LOC_FOLD;
     }
     else {
        ANYOF_CLASS_ZERO(cl);       /* Only /l uses class now */
@@ -789,7 +794,7 @@ S_cl_is_anything(const struct regnode_charclass_class *cl)
 
     PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CL_IS_ANYTHING;
 
-    for (value = 0; value <= ANYOF_MAX; value += 2)
+    for (value = 0; value < ANYOF_MAX; value += 2)
        if (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(cl, value) && ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(cl, value + 1))
            return 1;
     if (!(cl->flags & ANYOF_UNICODE_ALL))
@@ -823,7 +828,7 @@ S_cl_and(struct regnode_charclass_class *cl,
 {
     PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CL_AND;
 
-    assert(and_with->type == ANYOF);
+    assert(PL_regkind[and_with->type] == ANYOF);
 
     /* I (khw) am not sure all these restrictions are necessary XXX */
     if (!(ANYOF_CLASS_TEST_ANY_SET(and_with))
@@ -2448,7 +2453,7 @@ S_make_trie(pTHX_ RExC_state_t *pRExC_state, regnode *startbranch, regnode *firs
     RExC_rxi->data->data[ data_slot + TRIE_WORDS_OFFSET ] = (void*)trie_words;
     RExC_rxi->data->data[ data_slot + 3 ] = (void*)revcharmap;
 #else
-    SvREFCNT_dec(revcharmap);
+    SvREFCNT_dec_NN(revcharmap);
 #endif
     return trie->jump 
            ? MADE_JUMP_TRIE 
@@ -2956,34 +2961,6 @@ typedef struct scan_frame {
 
 #define SCAN_COMMIT(s, data, m) scan_commit(s, data, m, is_inf)
 
-#define CASE_SYNST_FNC(nAmE)                                       \
-case nAmE:                                                         \
-    if (flags & SCF_DO_STCLASS_AND) {                              \
-           for (value = 0; value < 256; value++)                  \
-               if (!is_ ## nAmE ## _cp(value))                       \
-                   ANYOF_BITMAP_CLEAR(data->start_class, value);  \
-    }                                                              \
-    else {                                                         \
-           for (value = 0; value < 256; value++)                  \
-               if (is_ ## nAmE ## _cp(value))                        \
-                   ANYOF_BITMAP_SET(data->start_class, value);    \
-    }                                                              \
-    break;                                                         \
-case N ## nAmE:                                                    \
-    if (flags & SCF_DO_STCLASS_AND) {                              \
-           for (value = 0; value < 256; value++)                   \
-               if (is_ ## nAmE ## _cp(value))                         \
-                   ANYOF_BITMAP_CLEAR(data->start_class, value);   \
-    }                                                               \
-    else {                                                          \
-           for (value = 0; value < 256; value++)                   \
-               if (!is_ ## nAmE ## _cp(value))                        \
-                   ANYOF_BITMAP_SET(data->start_class, value);     \
-    }                                                               \
-    break
-
-
-
 STATIC I32
 S_study_chunk(pTHX_ RExC_state_t *pRExC_state, regnode **scanp,
                         I32 *minlenp, I32 *deltap,
@@ -3175,7 +3152,7 @@ S_study_chunk(pTHX_ RExC_state_t *pRExC_state, regnode **scanp,
                        StructCopy(&accum, data->start_class,
                                   struct regnode_charclass_class);
                        flags |= SCF_DO_STCLASS_OR;
-                       data->start_class->flags |= ANYOF_EOS;
+                        SET_SSC_EOS(data->start_class);
                    }
                }
 
@@ -3583,7 +3560,7 @@ S_study_chunk(pTHX_ RExC_state_t *pRExC_state, regnode **scanp,
                 * utf8 string, so accept a possible false positive for
                 * latin1-range folds */
                if (uc >= 0x100 ||
-                   (!(data->start_class->flags & (ANYOF_CLASS | ANYOF_LOCALE))
+                   (!(data->start_class->flags & ANYOF_LOCALE)
                    && !ANYOF_BITMAP_TEST(data->start_class, uc)
                    && (!(data->start_class->flags & ANYOF_LOC_FOLD)
                        || !ANYOF_BITMAP_TEST(data->start_class, PL_fold_latin1[uc])))
@@ -3611,7 +3588,7 @@ S_study_chunk(pTHX_ RExC_state_t *pRExC_state, regnode **scanp,
                        }
                    }
                }
-               data->start_class->flags &= ~ANYOF_EOS;
+                CLEAR_SSC_EOS(data->start_class);
                if (uc < 0x100)
                  data->start_class->flags &= ~ANYOF_UNICODE_ALL;
            }
@@ -3621,7 +3598,7 @@ S_study_chunk(pTHX_ RExC_state_t *pRExC_state, regnode **scanp,
                    ANYOF_BITMAP_SET(data->start_class, uc);
                else
                    data->start_class->flags |= ANYOF_UNICODE_ALL;
-               data->start_class->flags &= ~ANYOF_EOS;
+                CLEAR_SSC_EOS(data->start_class);
                cl_and(data->start_class, and_withp);
            }
            flags &= ~SCF_DO_STCLASS;
@@ -3660,7 +3637,7 @@ S_study_chunk(pTHX_ RExC_state_t *pRExC_state, regnode **scanp,
                /* Check whether it is compatible with what we know already! */
                int compat = 1;
                if (uc >= 0x100 ||
-                (!(data->start_class->flags & (ANYOF_CLASS | ANYOF_LOCALE))
+                (!(data->start_class->flags & ANYOF_LOCALE)
                  && !ANYOF_BITMAP_TEST(data->start_class, uc)
                  && !ANYOF_BITMAP_TEST(data->start_class, PL_fold_latin1[uc])))
                {
@@ -3670,7 +3647,7 @@ S_study_chunk(pTHX_ RExC_state_t *pRExC_state, regnode **scanp,
                ANYOF_BITMAP_ZERO(data->start_class);
                if (compat) {
                    ANYOF_BITMAP_SET(data->start_class, uc);
-                   data->start_class->flags &= ~ANYOF_EOS;
+                    CLEAR_SSC_EOS(data->start_class);
                    if (OP(scan) == EXACTFL) {
                        /* XXX This set is probably no longer necessary, and
                         * probably wrong as LOCALE now is on in the initial
@@ -3737,7 +3714,7 @@ S_study_chunk(pTHX_ RExC_state_t *pRExC_state, regnode **scanp,
                            }
                         }
                    }
-                   data->start_class->flags &= ~ANYOF_EOS;
+                    CLEAR_SSC_EOS(data->start_class);
                }
                cl_and(data->start_class, and_withp);
            }
@@ -3854,7 +3831,7 @@ S_study_chunk(pTHX_ RExC_state_t *pRExC_state, regnode **scanp,
                        StructCopy(&this_class, data->start_class,
                                   struct regnode_charclass_class);
                        flags |= SCF_DO_STCLASS_OR;
-                       data->start_class->flags |= ANYOF_EOS;
+                        SET_SSC_EOS(data->start_class);
                    }
                } else {                /* Non-zero len */
                    if (flags & SCF_DO_STCLASS_OR) {
@@ -4120,7 +4097,7 @@ S_study_chunk(pTHX_ RExC_state_t *pRExC_state, regnode **scanp,
        else if (OP(scan) == LNBREAK) {
            if (flags & SCF_DO_STCLASS) {
                int value = 0;
-               data->start_class->flags &= ~ANYOF_EOS; /* No match on empty */
+                CLEAR_SSC_EOS(data->start_class); /* No match on empty */
                if (flags & SCF_DO_STCLASS_AND) {
                     for (value = 0; value < 256; value++)
                         if (!is_VERTWS_cp(value))
@@ -4153,15 +4130,20 @@ S_study_chunk(pTHX_ RExC_state_t *pRExC_state, regnode **scanp,
            }
            min++;
            if (flags & SCF_DO_STCLASS) {
-               data->start_class->flags &= ~ANYOF_EOS; /* No match on empty */
+                int loop_max = 256;
+                CLEAR_SSC_EOS(data->start_class); /* No match on empty */
 
                /* Some of the logic below assumes that switching
                   locale on will only add false positives. */
                switch (PL_regkind[OP(scan)]) {
+                    U8 classnum;
+
                case SANY:
                default:
-                 do_default:
-                   /* Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: unexpected simple REx opcode %d", OP(scan)); */
+#ifdef DEBUGGING
+                   Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: unexpected simple REx opcode %d", OP(scan));
+#endif
+                 do_default:
                    if (flags & SCF_DO_STCLASS_OR) /* Allow everything */
                        cl_anything(pRExC_state, data->start_class);
                    break;
@@ -4170,7 +4152,7 @@ S_study_chunk(pTHX_ RExC_state_t *pRExC_state, regnode **scanp,
                        goto do_default;
                    if (flags & SCF_DO_STCLASS_OR) { /* Everything but \n */
                        value = (ANYOF_BITMAP_TEST(data->start_class,'\n')
-                                || ANYOF_CLASS_TEST_ANY_SET(data->start_class));
+                               || ANYOF_CLASS_TEST_ANY_SET(data->start_class));
                        cl_anything(pRExC_state, data->start_class);
                    }
                    if (flags & SCF_DO_STCLASS_AND || !value)
@@ -4184,200 +4166,77 @@ S_study_chunk(pTHX_ RExC_state_t *pRExC_state, regnode **scanp,
                        cl_or(pRExC_state, data->start_class,
                              (struct regnode_charclass_class*)scan);
                    break;
-               case ALNUM:
+               case POSIXA:
+                    loop_max = 128;
+                    /* FALL THROUGH */
+               case POSIXL:
+               case POSIXD:
+               case POSIXU:
+                    classnum = FLAGS(scan);
                    if (flags & SCF_DO_STCLASS_AND) {
                        if (!(data->start_class->flags & ANYOF_LOCALE)) {
-                           ANYOF_CLASS_CLEAR(data->start_class,ANYOF_NWORDCHAR);
-                            if (OP(scan) == ALNUMU) {
-                                for (value = 0; value < 256; value++) {
-                                    if (!isWORDCHAR_L1(value)) {
-                                        ANYOF_BITMAP_CLEAR(data->start_class, value);
-                                    }
-                                }
-                            } else {
-                                for (value = 0; value < 256; value++) {
-                                    if (!isALNUM(value)) {
-                                        ANYOF_BITMAP_CLEAR(data->start_class, value);
-                                    }
+                           ANYOF_CLASS_CLEAR(data->start_class, classnum_to_namedclass(classnum) + 1);
+                            for (value = 0; value < loop_max; value++) {
+                                if (! _generic_isCC(UNI_TO_NATIVE(value), classnum)) {
+                                    ANYOF_BITMAP_CLEAR(data->start_class, UNI_TO_NATIVE(value));
                                 }
                             }
                        }
                    }
                    else {
-                       if (data->start_class->flags & ANYOF_LOCALE)
-                           ANYOF_CLASS_SET(data->start_class,ANYOF_WORDCHAR);
+                       if (data->start_class->flags & ANYOF_LOCALE) {
+                           ANYOF_CLASS_SET(data->start_class, classnum_to_namedclass(classnum));
+                        }
+                        else {
 
                        /* Even if under locale, set the bits for non-locale
                         * in case it isn't a true locale-node.  This will
                         * create false positives if it truly is locale */
-                        if (OP(scan) == ALNUMU) {
-                            for (value = 0; value < 256; value++) {
-                                if (isWORDCHAR_L1(value)) {
-                                    ANYOF_BITMAP_SET(data->start_class, value);
-                                }
-                            }
-                        } else {
-                            for (value = 0; value < 256; value++) {
-                                if (isALNUM(value)) {
-                                    ANYOF_BITMAP_SET(data->start_class, value);
-                                }
+                        for (value = 0; value < loop_max; value++) {
+                            if (_generic_isCC(UNI_TO_NATIVE(value), classnum)) {
+                                ANYOF_BITMAP_SET(data->start_class, UNI_TO_NATIVE(value));
                             }
                         }
+                        }
                    }
                    break;
-               case NALNUM:
+               case NPOSIXA:
+                    loop_max = 128;
+                    /* FALL THROUGH */
+               case NPOSIXL:
+               case NPOSIXU:
+               case NPOSIXD:
+                    classnum = FLAGS(scan);
                    if (flags & SCF_DO_STCLASS_AND) {
                        if (!(data->start_class->flags & ANYOF_LOCALE)) {
-                           ANYOF_CLASS_CLEAR(data->start_class,ANYOF_WORDCHAR);
-                            if (OP(scan) == NALNUMU) {
-                                for (value = 0; value < 256; value++) {
-                                    if (isWORDCHAR_L1(value)) {
-                                        ANYOF_BITMAP_CLEAR(data->start_class, value);
-                                    }
-                                }
-                            } else {
-                                for (value = 0; value < 256; value++) {
-                                    if (isALNUM(value)) {
-                                        ANYOF_BITMAP_CLEAR(data->start_class, value);
-                                    }
+                           ANYOF_CLASS_CLEAR(data->start_class, classnum_to_namedclass(classnum));
+                            for (value = 0; value < loop_max; value++) {
+                                if (_generic_isCC(UNI_TO_NATIVE(value), classnum)) {
+                                    ANYOF_BITMAP_CLEAR(data->start_class, UNI_TO_NATIVE(value));
                                 }
-                           }
+                            }
                        }
                    }
                    else {
-                       if (data->start_class->flags & ANYOF_LOCALE)
-                           ANYOF_CLASS_SET(data->start_class,ANYOF_NWORDCHAR);
+                       if (data->start_class->flags & ANYOF_LOCALE) {
+                           ANYOF_CLASS_SET(data->start_class, classnum_to_namedclass(classnum) + 1);
+                        }
+                        else {
 
                        /* Even if under locale, set the bits for non-locale in
                         * case it isn't a true locale-node.  This will create
                         * false positives if it truly is locale */
-                       if (OP(scan) == NALNUMU) {
-                           for (value = 0; value < 256; value++) {
-                               if (! isWORDCHAR_L1(value)) {
-                                   ANYOF_BITMAP_SET(data->start_class, value);
-                               }
-                           }
-                       } else {
-                           for (value = 0; value < 256; value++) {
-                               if (! isALNUM(value)) {
-                                   ANYOF_BITMAP_SET(data->start_class, value);
-                               }
-                           }
-                       }
-                   }
-                   break;
-               case SPACE:
-                   if (flags & SCF_DO_STCLASS_AND) {
-                       if (!(data->start_class->flags & ANYOF_LOCALE)) {
-                           ANYOF_CLASS_CLEAR(data->start_class,ANYOF_NSPACE);
-                           if (OP(scan) == SPACEU) {
-                                for (value = 0; value < 256; value++) {
-                                    if (!isSPACE_L1(value)) {
-                                        ANYOF_BITMAP_CLEAR(data->start_class, value);
-                                    }
-                                }
-                            } else {
-                                for (value = 0; value < 256; value++) {
-                                    if (!isSPACE(value)) {
-                                        ANYOF_BITMAP_CLEAR(data->start_class, value);
-                                    }
-                                }
+                        for (value = 0; value < loop_max; value++) {
+                            if (! _generic_isCC(UNI_TO_NATIVE(value), classnum)) {
+                                ANYOF_BITMAP_SET(data->start_class, UNI_TO_NATIVE(value));
                             }
-                       }
-                   }
-                   else {
-                        if (data->start_class->flags & ANYOF_LOCALE) {
-                           ANYOF_CLASS_SET(data->start_class,ANYOF_SPACE);
                         }
-                        if (OP(scan) == SPACEU) {
-                            for (value = 0; value < 256; value++) {
-                                if (isSPACE_L1(value)) {
-                                    ANYOF_BITMAP_SET(data->start_class, value);
-                                }
-                            }
-                        } else {
-                            for (value = 0; value < 256; value++) {
-                                if (isSPACE(value)) {
-                                    ANYOF_BITMAP_SET(data->start_class, value);
-                                }
-                            }
-                       }
-                   }
-                   break;
-               case NSPACE:
-                   if (flags & SCF_DO_STCLASS_AND) {
-                       if (!(data->start_class->flags & ANYOF_LOCALE)) {
-                           ANYOF_CLASS_CLEAR(data->start_class,ANYOF_SPACE);
-                            if (OP(scan) == NSPACEU) {
-                                for (value = 0; value < 256; value++) {
-                                    if (isSPACE_L1(value)) {
-                                        ANYOF_BITMAP_CLEAR(data->start_class, value);
-                                    }
-                                }
-                            } else {
-                                for (value = 0; value < 256; value++) {
-                                    if (isSPACE(value)) {
-                                        ANYOF_BITMAP_CLEAR(data->start_class, value);
-                                    }
-                                }
-                            }
-                       }
-                   }
-                   else {
-                       if (data->start_class->flags & ANYOF_LOCALE)
-                           ANYOF_CLASS_SET(data->start_class,ANYOF_NSPACE);
-                        if (OP(scan) == NSPACEU) {
-                            for (value = 0; value < 256; value++) {
-                                if (!isSPACE_L1(value)) {
-                                    ANYOF_BITMAP_SET(data->start_class, value);
-                                }
-                            }
+                        if (PL_regkind[OP(scan)] == NPOSIXD) {
+                            data->start_class->flags |= ANYOF_NON_UTF8_LATIN1_ALL;
                         }
-                        else {
-                            for (value = 0; value < 256; value++) {
-                                if (!isSPACE(value)) {
-                                    ANYOF_BITMAP_SET(data->start_class, value);
-                                }
-                            }
                         }
                    }
                    break;
-               case DIGIT:
-                   if (flags & SCF_DO_STCLASS_AND) {
-                       if (!(data->start_class->flags & ANYOF_LOCALE)) {
-                            ANYOF_CLASS_CLEAR(data->start_class,ANYOF_NDIGIT);
-                           for (value = 0; value < 256; value++)
-                               if (!isDIGIT(value))
-                                   ANYOF_BITMAP_CLEAR(data->start_class, value);
-                       }
-                   }
-                   else {
-                       if (data->start_class->flags & ANYOF_LOCALE)
-                           ANYOF_CLASS_SET(data->start_class,ANYOF_DIGIT);
-                       for (value = 0; value < 256; value++)
-                           if (isDIGIT(value))
-                               ANYOF_BITMAP_SET(data->start_class, value);
-                   }
-                   break;
-               case NDIGIT:
-                   if (flags & SCF_DO_STCLASS_AND) {
-                       if (!(data->start_class->flags & ANYOF_LOCALE))
-                            ANYOF_CLASS_CLEAR(data->start_class,ANYOF_DIGIT);
-                       for (value = 0; value < 256; value++)
-                           if (isDIGIT(value))
-                               ANYOF_BITMAP_CLEAR(data->start_class, value);
-                   }
-                   else {
-                       if (data->start_class->flags & ANYOF_LOCALE)
-                           ANYOF_CLASS_SET(data->start_class,ANYOF_NDIGIT);
-                       for (value = 0; value < 256; value++)
-                           if (!isDIGIT(value))
-                               ANYOF_BITMAP_SET(data->start_class, value);
-                   }
-                   break;
-               CASE_SYNST_FNC(VERTWS);
-               CASE_SYNST_FNC(HORIZWS);
-
                }
                if (flags & SCF_DO_STCLASS_OR)
                    cl_and(data->start_class, and_withp);
@@ -4480,11 +4339,11 @@ S_study_chunk(pTHX_ RExC_state_t *pRExC_state, regnode **scanp,
                        cl_init(pRExC_state, data->start_class);
                    }  else {
                        /* AND before and after: combine and continue */
-                       const int was = (data->start_class->flags & ANYOF_EOS);
+                       const int was = TEST_SSC_EOS(data->start_class);
 
                        cl_and(data->start_class, &intrnl);
                        if (was)
-                           data->start_class->flags |= ANYOF_EOS;
+                            SET_SSC_EOS(data->start_class);
                    }
                 }
            }
@@ -4552,11 +4411,11 @@ S_study_chunk(pTHX_ RExC_state_t *pRExC_state, regnode **scanp,
                 *minnextp += min;
 
                 if (f & SCF_DO_STCLASS_AND) {
-                    const int was = (data->start_class->flags & ANYOF_EOS);
+                    const int was = TEST_SSC_EOS(data.start_class);
 
                     cl_and(data->start_class, &intrnl);
                     if (was)
-                        data->start_class->flags |= ANYOF_EOS;
+                        SET_SSC_EOS(data->start_class);
                 }
                 if (data) {
                     if (data_fake.flags & (SF_HAS_PAR|SF_IN_PAR))
@@ -4568,7 +4427,7 @@ S_study_chunk(pTHX_ RExC_state_t *pRExC_state, regnode **scanp,
                         if (RExC_rx->minlen<*minnextp)
                             RExC_rx->minlen=*minnextp;
                         SCAN_COMMIT(pRExC_state, &data_fake, minnextp);
-                        SvREFCNT_dec(data_fake.last_found);
+                        SvREFCNT_dec_NN(data_fake.last_found);
                         
                         if ( data_fake.minlen_fixed != minlenp ) 
                         {
@@ -4759,7 +4618,7 @@ S_study_chunk(pTHX_ RExC_state_t *pRExC_state, regnode **scanp,
                     StructCopy(&accum, data->start_class,
                                struct regnode_charclass_class);
                     flags |= SCF_DO_STCLASS_OR;
-                    data->start_class->flags |= ANYOF_EOS;
+                    SET_SSC_EOS(data->start_class);
                 }
             }
             scan= tail;
@@ -5099,7 +4958,7 @@ S_compile_runtime_code(pTHX_ RExC_state_t * const pRExC_state,
         * handling */
        PL_reg_state.re_reparsing = TRUE;
        eval_sv(sv, G_SCALAR);
-       SvREFCNT_dec(sv);
+       SvREFCNT_dec_NN(sv);
        SPAGAIN;
        qr_ref = POPs;
        PUTBACK;
@@ -5145,7 +5004,7 @@ S_compile_runtime_code(pTHX_ RExC_state_t * const pRExC_state,
 
        if (!r2->num_code_blocks) /* we guessed wrong */
        {
-           SvREFCNT_dec(qr);
+           SvREFCNT_dec_NN(qr);
            return 1;
        }
 
@@ -5194,7 +5053,7 @@ S_compile_runtime_code(pTHX_ RExC_state_t * const pRExC_state,
        r1->code_blocks = new_block;
     }
 
-    SvREFCNT_dec(qr);
+    SvREFCNT_dec_NN(qr);
     return 1;
 }
 
@@ -5341,49 +5200,54 @@ Perl_re_op_compile(pTHX_ SV ** const patternp, int pat_count,
 
        PL_L1Posix_ptrs[_CC_ALPHANUMERIC]
                                 = _new_invlist_C_array(L1PosixAlnum_invlist);
-       PL_PosixAlnum = _new_invlist_C_array(PosixAlnum_invlist);
+       PL_Posix_ptrs[_CC_ALPHANUMERIC]
+                                = _new_invlist_C_array(PosixAlnum_invlist);
 
        PL_L1Posix_ptrs[_CC_ALPHA]
                                 = _new_invlist_C_array(L1PosixAlpha_invlist);
-       PL_PosixAlpha = _new_invlist_C_array(PosixAlpha_invlist);
+       PL_Posix_ptrs[_CC_ALPHA] = _new_invlist_C_array(PosixAlpha_invlist);
+
+       PL_Posix_ptrs[_CC_BLANK] = _new_invlist_C_array(PosixBlank_invlist);
+       PL_XPosix_ptrs[_CC_BLANK] = _new_invlist_C_array(XPosixBlank_invlist);
 
-       PL_PosixBlank = _new_invlist_C_array(PosixBlank_invlist);
-       PL_XPosixBlank = _new_invlist_C_array(XPosixBlank_invlist);
-       PL_L1Cased = _new_invlist_C_array(L1Cased_invlist);
+        /* Cased is the same as Alpha in the ASCII range */
+       PL_L1Posix_ptrs[_CC_CASED] =  _new_invlist_C_array(L1Cased_invlist);
+       PL_Posix_ptrs[_CC_CASED] =  _new_invlist_C_array(PosixAlpha_invlist);
 
-       PL_PosixCntrl = _new_invlist_C_array(PosixCntrl_invlist);
-       PL_XPosixCntrl = _new_invlist_C_array(XPosixCntrl_invlist);
+       PL_Posix_ptrs[_CC_CNTRL] = _new_invlist_C_array(PosixCntrl_invlist);
+       PL_XPosix_ptrs[_CC_CNTRL] = _new_invlist_C_array(XPosixCntrl_invlist);
 
-       PL_PosixDigit = _new_invlist_C_array(PosixDigit_invlist);
+       PL_Posix_ptrs[_CC_DIGIT] = _new_invlist_C_array(PosixDigit_invlist);
+       PL_L1Posix_ptrs[_CC_DIGIT] = _new_invlist_C_array(PosixDigit_invlist);
 
        PL_L1Posix_ptrs[_CC_GRAPH] = _new_invlist_C_array(L1PosixGraph_invlist);
-       PL_PosixGraph = _new_invlist_C_array(PosixGraph_invlist);
+       PL_Posix_ptrs[_CC_GRAPH] = _new_invlist_C_array(PosixGraph_invlist);
 
        PL_L1Posix_ptrs[_CC_LOWER] = _new_invlist_C_array(L1PosixLower_invlist);
-       PL_PosixLower = _new_invlist_C_array(PosixLower_invlist);
+       PL_Posix_ptrs[_CC_LOWER] = _new_invlist_C_array(PosixLower_invlist);
 
        PL_L1Posix_ptrs[_CC_PRINT] = _new_invlist_C_array(L1PosixPrint_invlist);
-       PL_PosixPrint = _new_invlist_C_array(PosixPrint_invlist);
+       PL_Posix_ptrs[_CC_PRINT] = _new_invlist_C_array(PosixPrint_invlist);
 
        PL_L1Posix_ptrs[_CC_PUNCT] = _new_invlist_C_array(L1PosixPunct_invlist);
-       PL_PosixPunct = _new_invlist_C_array(PosixPunct_invlist);
+       PL_Posix_ptrs[_CC_PUNCT] = _new_invlist_C_array(PosixPunct_invlist);
 
-       PL_PerlSpace = _new_invlist_C_array(PerlSpace_invlist);
-       PL_XPerlSpace = _new_invlist_C_array(XPerlSpace_invlist);
-       PL_PosixSpace = _new_invlist_C_array(PosixSpace_invlist);
-       PL_XPosixSpace = _new_invlist_C_array(XPosixSpace_invlist);
+       PL_Posix_ptrs[_CC_SPACE] = _new_invlist_C_array(PerlSpace_invlist);
+       PL_XPosix_ptrs[_CC_SPACE] = _new_invlist_C_array(XPerlSpace_invlist);
+       PL_Posix_ptrs[_CC_PSXSPC] = _new_invlist_C_array(PosixSpace_invlist);
+       PL_XPosix_ptrs[_CC_PSXSPC] = _new_invlist_C_array(XPosixSpace_invlist);
 
        PL_L1Posix_ptrs[_CC_UPPER] = _new_invlist_C_array(L1PosixUpper_invlist);
-       PL_PosixUpper = _new_invlist_C_array(PosixUpper_invlist);
+       PL_Posix_ptrs[_CC_UPPER] = _new_invlist_C_array(PosixUpper_invlist);
 
-       PL_VertSpace = _new_invlist_C_array(VertSpace_invlist);
+        PL_XPosix_ptrs[_CC_VERTSPACE] = _new_invlist_C_array(VertSpace_invlist);
 
-       PL_PosixWord = _new_invlist_C_array(PosixWord_invlist);
+       PL_Posix_ptrs[_CC_WORDCHAR] = _new_invlist_C_array(PosixWord_invlist);
        PL_L1Posix_ptrs[_CC_WORDCHAR]
                                 = _new_invlist_C_array(L1PosixWord_invlist);
 
-       PL_PosixXDigit = _new_invlist_C_array(PosixXDigit_invlist);
-       PL_XPosixXDigit = _new_invlist_C_array(XPosixXDigit_invlist);
+       PL_Posix_ptrs[_CC_XDIGIT] = _new_invlist_C_array(PosixXDigit_invlist);
+       PL_XPosix_ptrs[_CC_XDIGIT] = _new_invlist_C_array(XPosixXDigit_invlist);
 
         PL_HasMultiCharFold = _new_invlist_C_array(_Perl_Multi_Char_Folds_invlist);
     }
@@ -6304,11 +6168,11 @@ reStudy:
 
        if ((!(r->anchored_substr || r->anchored_utf8) || r->anchored_offset)
            && stclass_flag
-           && !(data.start_class->flags & ANYOF_EOS)
+           && ! TEST_SSC_EOS(data.start_class)
            && !cl_is_anything(data.start_class))
        {
            const U32 n = add_data(pRExC_state, 1, "f");
-           data.start_class->flags |= ANYOF_IS_SYNTHETIC;
+           OP(data.start_class) = ANYOF_SYNTHETIC;
 
            Newx(RExC_rxi->data->data[n], 1,
                struct regnode_charclass_class);
@@ -6376,11 +6240,11 @@ reStudy:
        r->check_substr = r->check_utf8 = r->anchored_substr = r->anchored_utf8
                = r->float_substr = r->float_utf8 = NULL;
 
-       if (!(data.start_class->flags & ANYOF_EOS)
+       if (! TEST_SSC_EOS(data.start_class)
            && !cl_is_anything(data.start_class))
        {
            const U32 n = add_data(pRExC_state, 1, "f");
-           data.start_class->flags |= ANYOF_IS_SYNTHETIC;
+           OP(data.start_class) = ANYOF_SYNTHETIC;
 
            Newx(RExC_rxi->data->data[n], 1,
                struct regnode_charclass_class);
@@ -6445,7 +6309,7 @@ reStudy:
             r->extflags |= RXf_NULL;
         else if (PL_regkind[fop] == BOL && OP(NEXTOPER(first)) == END)
             r->extflags |= RXf_START_ONLY;
-        else if (fop == PLUS && OP(NEXTOPER(first)) == SPACE
+        else if (fop == PLUS && PL_regkind[OP(NEXTOPER(first))] == POSIXD && FLAGS(NEXTOPER(first)) == _CC_SPACE
                             && OP(regnext(first)) == END)
             r->extflags |= RXf_WHITE;    
     }
@@ -6589,7 +6453,7 @@ Perl_reg_named_buff_exists(pTHX_ REGEXP * const r, SV * const key,
         } else {
            SV *sv = CALLREG_NAMED_BUFF_FETCH(r, key, flags);
             if (sv) {
-               SvREFCNT_dec(sv);
+               SvREFCNT_dec_NN(sv);
                 return TRUE;
             } else {
                 return FALSE;
@@ -6666,7 +6530,7 @@ Perl_reg_named_buff_scalar(pTHX_ REGEXP * const r, const U32 flags)
             ret = CALLREG_NAMED_BUFF_ALL(r, (flags | RXapif_REGNAMES));
             av = MUTABLE_AV(SvRV(ret));
             length = av_len(av);
-           SvREFCNT_dec(ret);
+           SvREFCNT_dec_NN(ret);
             return newSViv(length + 1);
         } else {
             Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: Unknown flags %d in named_buff_scalar", (int)flags);
@@ -6935,11 +6799,11 @@ S_reg_scan_name(pTHX_ RExC_state_t *pRExC_state, U32 flags)
        if (UTF)
            do {
                RExC_parse += UTF8SKIP(RExC_parse);
-           } while (isALNUM_utf8((U8*)RExC_parse));
+           } while (isWORDCHAR_utf8((U8*)RExC_parse));
        else
            do {
                RExC_parse++;
-           } while (isALNUM(*RExC_parse));
+           } while (isWORDCHAR(*RExC_parse));
     } else {
        RExC_parse++; /* so the <- from the vFAIL is after the offending character */
         vFAIL("Group name must start with a non-digit word character");
@@ -7060,7 +6924,6 @@ S_reg_scan_name(pTHX_ RExC_state_t *pRExC_state, U32 flags)
  * should eventually be made public */
 
 /* The header definitions are in F<inline_invlist.c> */
-
 #define TO_INTERNAL_SIZE(x) ((x + HEADER_LENGTH) * sizeof(UV))
 #define FROM_INTERNAL_SIZE(x) ((x / sizeof(UV)) - HEADER_LENGTH)
 
@@ -7179,7 +7042,9 @@ S_invlist_max(pTHX_ SV* const invlist)
 
     PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_INVLIST_MAX;
 
-    return FROM_INTERNAL_SIZE(SvLEN(invlist));
+    return SvLEN(invlist) == 0  /* This happens under _new_invlist_C_array */
+           ? _invlist_len(invlist)
+           : FROM_INTERNAL_SIZE(SvLEN(invlist));
 }
 
 PERL_STATIC_INLINE UV*
@@ -7252,6 +7117,13 @@ S__new_invlist_C_array(pTHX_ UV* list)
         Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: Incorrect version for previously generated inversion list");
     }
 
+    /* Initialize the iteration pointer.
+     * XXX This could be done at compile time in charclass_invlists.h, but I
+     * (khw) am not confident that the suffixes for specifying the C constant
+     * UV_MAX are portable, e.g.  'ull' on a 32 bit machine that is configured
+     * to use 64 bits; might need a Configure probe */
+    invlist_iterfinish(invlist);
+
     return invlist;
 }
 
@@ -7380,9 +7252,7 @@ Perl__invlist_search(pTHX_ SV* const invlist, const UV cp)
        return -1;
     }
 
-    /* If the code point is before the first element, return failure.  (We
-     * can't combine this with the test above, because we can't get the array
-     * unless we know the list is non-empty) */
+    /* (We can't get the array unless we know the list is non-empty) */
     array = invlist_array(invlist);
 
     mid = invlist_previous_index(invlist);
@@ -7593,7 +7463,7 @@ Perl__invlist_union_maybe_complement_2nd(pTHX_ SV* const a, SV* const b, bool co
     if (a == NULL || ((len_a = _invlist_len(a)) == 0)) {
        if (*output == a) {
             if (a != NULL) {
-                SvREFCNT_dec(a);
+                SvREFCNT_dec_NN(a);
             }
        }
        if (*output != b) {
@@ -7606,14 +7476,14 @@ Perl__invlist_union_maybe_complement_2nd(pTHX_ SV* const a, SV* const b, bool co
     }
     else if ((len_b = _invlist_len(b)) == 0) {
        if (*output == b) {
-           SvREFCNT_dec(b);
+           SvREFCNT_dec_NN(b);
        }
 
         /* The complement of an empty list is a list that has everything in it,
          * so the union with <a> includes everything too */
         if (complement_b) {
             if (a == *output) {
-                SvREFCNT_dec(a);
+                SvREFCNT_dec_NN(a);
             }
             *output = _new_invlist(1);
             _append_range_to_invlist(*output, 0, UV_MAX);
@@ -7769,7 +7639,8 @@ Perl__invlist_union_maybe_complement_2nd(pTHX_ SV* const a, SV* const b, bool co
 
     /*  We may be removing a reference to one of the inputs */
     if (a == *output || b == *output) {
-       SvREFCNT_dec(*output);
+        assert(! invlist_is_iterating(*output));
+       SvREFCNT_dec_NN(*output);
     }
 
     /* If we've changed b, restore it */
@@ -7837,7 +7708,7 @@ Perl__invlist_intersection_maybe_complement_2nd(pTHX_ SV* const a, SV* const b,
                 *i = invlist_clone(a);
 
                 if (*i == b) {
-                    SvREFCNT_dec(b);
+                    SvREFCNT_dec_NN(b);
                 }
             }
             /* else *i is already 'a' */
@@ -7847,10 +7718,10 @@ Perl__invlist_intersection_maybe_complement_2nd(pTHX_ SV* const a, SV* const b,
         /* Here, 'a' or 'b' is empty and not using the complement of 'b'.  The
          * intersection must be empty */
        if (*i == a) {
-           SvREFCNT_dec(a);
+           SvREFCNT_dec_NN(a);
        }
        else if (*i == b) {
-           SvREFCNT_dec(b);
+           SvREFCNT_dec_NN(b);
        }
        *i = _new_invlist(0);
        return;
@@ -7990,7 +7861,8 @@ Perl__invlist_intersection_maybe_complement_2nd(pTHX_ SV* const a, SV* const b,
 
     /*  We may be removing a reference to one of the inputs */
     if (a == *i || b == *i) {
-       SvREFCNT_dec(*i);
+        assert(! invlist_is_iterating(*i));
+       SvREFCNT_dec_NN(*i);
     }
 
     /* If we've changed b, restore it */
@@ -8039,7 +7911,7 @@ Perl__add_range_to_invlist(pTHX_ SV* invlist, const UV start, const UV end)
     _invlist_union(invlist, range_invlist, &invlist);
 
     /* The temporary can be freed */
-    SvREFCNT_dec(range_invlist);
+    SvREFCNT_dec_NN(range_invlist);
 
     return invlist;
 }
@@ -8063,6 +7935,8 @@ Perl__invlist_invert(pTHX_ SV* const invlist)
 
     PERL_ARGS_ASSERT__INVLIST_INVERT;
 
+    assert(! invlist_is_iterating(invlist));
+
     /* The inverse of matching nothing is matching everything */
     if (*len_pos == 0) {
        _append_range_to_invlist(invlist, 0, UV_MAX);
@@ -8168,6 +8042,22 @@ S_invlist_iterinit(pTHX_ SV* invlist)    /* Initialize iterator for invlist */
     *get_invlist_iter_addr(invlist) = 0;
 }
 
+PERL_STATIC_INLINE void
+S_invlist_iterfinish(pTHX_ SV* invlist)
+{
+    /* Terminate iterator for invlist.  This is to catch development errors.
+     * Any iteration that is interrupted before completed should call this
+     * function.  Functions that add code points anywhere else but to the end
+     * of an inversion list assert that they are not in the middle of an
+     * iteration.  If they were, the addition would make the iteration
+     * problematical: if the iteration hadn't reached the place where things
+     * were being added, it would be ok */
+
+    PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_INVLIST_ITERFINISH;
+
+    *get_invlist_iter_addr(invlist) = UV_MAX;
+}
+
 STATIC bool
 S_invlist_iternext(pTHX_ SV* invlist, UV* start, UV* end)
 {
@@ -8185,7 +8075,7 @@ S_invlist_iternext(pTHX_ SV* invlist, UV* start, UV* end)
     PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_INVLIST_ITERNEXT;
 
     if (*pos >= len) {
-       *pos = UV_MAX;  /* Force iternit() to be required next time */
+       *pos = UV_MAX;  /* Force iterinit() to be required next time */
        return FALSE;
     }
 
@@ -8203,6 +8093,14 @@ S_invlist_iternext(pTHX_ SV* invlist, UV* start, UV* end)
     return TRUE;
 }
 
+PERL_STATIC_INLINE bool
+S_invlist_is_iterating(pTHX_ SV* const invlist)
+{
+    PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_INVLIST_IS_ITERATING;
+
+    return *(get_invlist_iter_addr(invlist)) < UV_MAX;
+}
+
 PERL_STATIC_INLINE UV
 S_invlist_highest(pTHX_ SV* const invlist)
 {
@@ -8246,6 +8144,8 @@ Perl__invlist_contents(pTHX_ SV* const invlist)
 
     PERL_ARGS_ASSERT__INVLIST_CONTENTS;
 
+    assert(! invlist_is_iterating(invlist));
+
     invlist_iterinit(invlist);
     while (invlist_iternext(invlist, &start, &end)) {
        if (end == UV_MAX) {
@@ -8278,6 +8178,11 @@ Perl__invlist_dump(pTHX_ SV* const invlist, const char * const header)
     if (header && strlen(header)) {
        PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "%s\n", header);
     }
+    if (invlist_is_iterating(invlist)) {
+        PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "Can't dump because is in middle of iterating\n");
+        return;
+    }
+
     invlist_iterinit(invlist);
     while (invlist_iternext(invlist, &start, &end)) {
        if (end == UV_MAX) {
@@ -8373,6 +8278,7 @@ S__invlistEQ(pTHX_ SV* const a, SV* const b, bool complement_b)
 #undef INVLIST_ZERO_OFFSET
 #undef INVLIST_ITER_OFFSET
 #undef INVLIST_VERSION_ID
+#undef INVLIST_PREVIOUS_INDEX_OFFSET
 
 /* End of inversion list object */
 
@@ -8665,7 +8571,7 @@ S_reg(pTHX_ RExC_state_t *pRExC_state, I32 paren, I32 *flagp,U32 depth)
 #ifdef DEBUGGING
                        /* Yes this does cause a memory leak in debugging Perls */
                         if (!av_store(RExC_paren_name_list, RExC_npar, SvREFCNT_inc(svname)))
-                            SvREFCNT_dec(svname);
+                            SvREFCNT_dec_NN(svname);
 #endif
 
                         /*sv_dump(sv_dat);*/
@@ -9558,6 +9464,16 @@ S_regpiece(pTHX_ RExC_state_t *pRExC_state, I32 *flagp, U32 depth)
                 ret = reg_node(pRExC_state, OPFAIL);
                 return ret;
             }
+            else if (max == 0) {    /* replace {0} with a nothing node */
+                if (SIZE_ONLY) {
+                    RExC_size = PREVOPER(RExC_size) - regarglen[(U8)NOTHING];
+                }
+                else {
+                    RExC_emit = orig_emit;
+                }
+                ret = reg_node(pRExC_state, NOTHING);
+                return ret;
+            }
 
        do_curly:
            if ((flags&SIMPLE)) {
@@ -10125,10 +10041,14 @@ S_regatom(pTHX_ RExC_state_t *pRExC_state, I32 *flagp, U32 depth)
     I32 flags;
     char *parse_start = RExC_parse;
     U8 op;
+    int invert = 0;
+
     GET_RE_DEBUG_FLAGS_DECL;
-    DEBUG_PARSE("atom");
+
     *flagp = WORST;            /* Tentatively. */
 
+    DEBUG_PARSE("atom");
+
     PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_REGATOM;
 
 tryagain:
@@ -10223,6 +10143,7 @@ tryagain:
           literal text handling code.
        */
        switch ((U8)*++RExC_parse) {
+            U8 arg;
        /* Special Escapes */
        case 'A':
            RExC_seen_zerolen++;
@@ -10263,22 +10184,14 @@ tryagain:
            ret = reg_node(pRExC_state, CLUMP);
            *flagp |= HASWIDTH;
            goto finish_meta_pat;
-       case 'w':
-           op = ALNUM + get_regex_charset(RExC_flags);
-            if (op > ALNUMA) {  /* /aa is same as /a */
-                op = ALNUMA;
-            }
-           ret = reg_node(pRExC_state, op);
-           *flagp |= HASWIDTH|SIMPLE;
-           goto finish_meta_pat;
+
        case 'W':
-           op = NALNUM + get_regex_charset(RExC_flags);
-            if (op > NALNUMA) { /* /aa is same as /a */
-                op = NALNUMA;
-            }
-           ret = reg_node(pRExC_state, op);
-           *flagp |= HASWIDTH|SIMPLE;
-           goto finish_meta_pat;
+            invert = 1;
+            /* FALLTHROUGH */
+       case 'w':
+            arg = ANYOF_WORDCHAR;
+            goto join_posix;
+
        case 'b':
            RExC_seen_zerolen++;
            RExC_seen |= REG_SEEN_LOOKBEHIND;
@@ -10301,60 +10214,62 @@ tryagain:
            FLAGS(ret) = get_regex_charset(RExC_flags);
            *flagp |= SIMPLE;
            goto finish_meta_pat;
-       case 's':
-           op = SPACE + get_regex_charset(RExC_flags);
-            if (op > SPACEA) {  /* /aa is same as /a */
-                op = SPACEA;
-            }
-           ret = reg_node(pRExC_state, op);
-           *flagp |= HASWIDTH|SIMPLE;
-           goto finish_meta_pat;
-       case 'S':
-           op = NSPACE + get_regex_charset(RExC_flags);
-            if (op > NSPACEA) { /* /aa is same as /a */
-                op = NSPACEA;
-            }
-           ret = reg_node(pRExC_state, op);
-           *flagp |= HASWIDTH|SIMPLE;
-           goto finish_meta_pat;
+
        case 'D':
-            op = NDIGIT;
-            goto join_D_and_d;
+            invert = 1;
+            /* FALLTHROUGH */
        case 'd':
-            op = DIGIT;
-        join_D_and_d:
-            {
-                U8 offset = get_regex_charset(RExC_flags);
-                if (offset == REGEX_UNICODE_CHARSET) {
-                    offset = REGEX_DEPENDS_CHARSET;
-                }
-                else if (offset == REGEX_ASCII_MORE_RESTRICTED_CHARSET) {
-                    offset = REGEX_ASCII_RESTRICTED_CHARSET;
-                }
-                op += offset;
-            }
-           ret = reg_node(pRExC_state, op);
-           *flagp |= HASWIDTH|SIMPLE;
-           goto finish_meta_pat;
+            arg = ANYOF_DIGIT;
+            goto join_posix;
+
        case 'R':
            ret = reg_node(pRExC_state, LNBREAK);
            *flagp |= HASWIDTH|SIMPLE;
            goto finish_meta_pat;
-       case 'h':
-           ret = reg_node(pRExC_state, HORIZWS);
-           *flagp |= HASWIDTH|SIMPLE;
-           goto finish_meta_pat;
+
        case 'H':
-           ret = reg_node(pRExC_state, NHORIZWS);
-           *flagp |= HASWIDTH|SIMPLE;
-           goto finish_meta_pat;
-       case 'v':
-           ret = reg_node(pRExC_state, VERTWS);
-           *flagp |= HASWIDTH|SIMPLE;
-           goto finish_meta_pat;
+            invert = 1;
+            /* FALLTHROUGH */
+       case 'h':
+           arg = ANYOF_BLANK;
+            op = POSIXU;
+            goto join_posix_op_known;
+
        case 'V':
-           ret = reg_node(pRExC_state, NVERTWS);
+            invert = 1;
+            /* FALLTHROUGH */
+       case 'v':
+           arg = ANYOF_VERTWS;
+            op = POSIXU;
+            goto join_posix_op_known;
+
+       case 'S':
+            invert = 1;
+            /* FALLTHROUGH */
+       case 's':
+            arg = ANYOF_SPACE;
+
+        join_posix:
+
+           op = POSIXD + get_regex_charset(RExC_flags);
+            if (op > POSIXA) {  /* /aa is same as /a */
+                op = POSIXA;
+            }
+
+        join_posix_op_known:
+
+            if (invert) {
+                op += NPOSIXD - POSIXD;
+            }
+
+           ret = reg_node(pRExC_state, op);
+            if (! SIZE_ONLY) {
+                FLAGS(ret) = namedclass_to_classnum(arg);
+            }
+
            *flagp |= HASWIDTH|SIMPLE;
+            /* FALL THROUGH */
+
          finish_meta_pat:          
            nextchar(pRExC_state);
             Set_Node_Length(ret, 2); /* MJD */
@@ -10899,7 +10814,7 @@ tryagain:
                                                            &PL_sv_undef, 1, 0);
                                         PL_utf8_foldable =
                                                     _get_swash_invlist(swash);
-                                        SvREFCNT_dec(swash);
+                                        SvREFCNT_dec_NN(swash);
                                     }
                                     if (_invlist_contains_cp(PL_utf8_foldable,
                                                              ender))
@@ -11255,9 +11170,9 @@ S_regpposixcc(pTHX_ RExC_state_t *pRExC_state, I32 value, SV *free_me)
                            break;
                        case 'r':
                            if (memEQ(posixcc, "lowe", 4)) /* lower */
-                               namedclass = ANYOF_LOWER;
+                               namedclass = (FOLD) ? ANYOF_CASED : ANYOF_LOWER;
                            else if (memEQ(posixcc, "uppe", 4)) /* upper */
-                               namedclass = ANYOF_UPPER;
+                               namedclass = (FOLD) ? ANYOF_CASED : ANYOF_UPPER;
                            break;
                        case 't':
                            if (memEQ(posixcc, "digi", 4)) /* digit */
@@ -11307,153 +11222,6 @@ S_regpposixcc(pTHX_ RExC_state_t *pRExC_state, I32 value, SV *free_me)
     return namedclass;
 }
 
-/* Generate the code to add a full posix character <class> to the bracketed
- * character class given by <node>.  (<node> is needed only under locale rules)
- * destlist     is the inversion list for non-locale rules that this class is
- *              to be added to
- * sourcelist   is the ASCII-range inversion list to add under /a rules
- * Xsourcelist  is the full Unicode range list to use otherwise. */
-#define DO_POSIX(node, class, destlist, sourcelist, Xsourcelist)           \
-    if (LOC) {                                                             \
-       SV* scratch_list = NULL;                                           \
-                                                                           \
-        /* Set this class in the node for runtime matching */              \
-        ANYOF_CLASS_SET(node, class);                                      \
-                                                                           \
-        /* For above Latin1 code points, we use the full Unicode range */  \
-        _invlist_intersection(PL_AboveLatin1,                              \
-                              Xsourcelist,                                 \
-                              &scratch_list);                              \
-        /* And set the output to it, adding instead if there already is an \
-        * output.  Checking if <destlist> is NULL first saves an extra    \
-        * clone.  Its reference count will be decremented at the next     \
-        * union, etc, or if this is the only instance, at the end of the  \
-        * routine */                                                      \
-        if (! destlist) {                                                  \
-            destlist = scratch_list;                                       \
-        }                                                                  \
-        else {                                                             \
-            _invlist_union(destlist, scratch_list, &destlist);             \
-            SvREFCNT_dec(scratch_list);                                    \
-        }                                                                  \
-    }                                                                      \
-    else {                                                                 \
-        /* For non-locale, just add it to any existing list */             \
-        _invlist_union(destlist,                                           \
-                       (AT_LEAST_ASCII_RESTRICTED)                         \
-                           ? sourcelist                                    \
-                           : Xsourcelist,                                  \
-                       &destlist);                                         \
-    }
-
-/* Like DO_POSIX, but matches the complement of <sourcelist> and <Xsourcelist>.
- */
-#define DO_N_POSIX(node, class, destlist, sourcelist, Xsourcelist)         \
-    if (LOC) {                                                             \
-        SV* scratch_list = NULL;                                           \
-        ANYOF_CLASS_SET(node, class);                                     \
-        _invlist_subtract(PL_AboveLatin1, Xsourcelist, &scratch_list);    \
-        if (! destlist) {                                                 \
-            destlist = scratch_list;                                      \
-        }                                                                  \
-        else {                                                             \
-            _invlist_union(destlist, scratch_list, &destlist);             \
-            SvREFCNT_dec(scratch_list);                                    \
-        }                                                                  \
-    }                                                                      \
-    else {                                                                 \
-        _invlist_union_complement_2nd(destlist,                            \
-                                    (AT_LEAST_ASCII_RESTRICTED)            \
-                                        ? sourcelist                       \
-                                        : Xsourcelist,                     \
-                                    &destlist);                            \
-        /* Under /d, everything in the upper half of the Latin1 range      \
-         * matches this complement */                                      \
-        if (DEPENDS_SEMANTICS) {                                           \
-            ANYOF_FLAGS(node) |= ANYOF_NON_UTF8_LATIN1_ALL;                \
-        }                                                                  \
-    }
-
-/* Generate the code to add a posix character <class> to the bracketed
- * character class given by <node>.  (<node> is needed only under locale rules)
- * destlist       is the inversion list for non-locale rules that this class is
- *                to be added to
- * sourcelist     is the ASCII-range inversion list to add under /a rules
- * swash          points to the swash that contains the whole inversion list for
- *                this class.  If NULL, it means that the swash has not been
- *                computed yet.  This macro does not do the large amount of
- *                work necessary to compute it, but instead uses the inversion
- *                list from the next parameter so that all of Latin1 is known
- *                at compile time, and the rest is deferred until run-time, as
- *                defined by the final two parameters.  In other words, it may
- *                be that the swash has already been loaded by the time this
- *                macro is called, in which case we use it; but if not loaded,
- *                we don't take the time to compute it now.
- * l1_sourcelist  is the Latin1 range list.
- * Xpropertyname  is the name to add to <run_time_list> of the property to
- *                specify the code points above Latin1 that will have to be
- *                determined at run-time
- * run_time_list  is a SV* that contains text names of properties that are to
- *                be computed at run time.  This concatenates <Xpropertyname>
- *                to it, appropriately
- * This is essentially DO_POSIX, but we know only the Latin1 values at compile
- * time */
-#define DO_POSIX_LATIN1_ONLY_KNOWN(node, class, destlist, sourcelist,      \
-                       swash, l1_sourcelist, Xpropertyname, run_time_list) \
-       /* First, resolve whether to use the ASCII-only list or the L1     \
-        * list */                                                         \
-        DO_POSIX_LATIN1_ONLY_KNOWN_L1_RESOLVED(node, class, destlist,      \
-                ((AT_LEAST_ASCII_RESTRICTED) ? sourcelist : l1_sourcelist),\
-                swash, Xpropertyname, run_time_list)
-
-#define DO_POSIX_LATIN1_ONLY_KNOWN_L1_RESOLVED(node, class, destlist, sourcelist, \
-                swash, Xpropertyname, run_time_list)                       \
-    /* If not /a matching, there are going to be code points we will have  \
-     * to defer to runtime to look-up */                                   \
-    if (! AT_LEAST_ASCII_RESTRICTED && swash) {                            \
-            DO_POSIX(node, class, destlist, sourcelist, _swash_to_invlist(swash)); \
-    }                                                                  \
-    else {                                                                 \
-        if (! AT_LEAST_ASCII_RESTRICTED) {                        \
-            Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ run_time_list, "+utf8::%s\n", Xpropertyname); \
-        }                                                                  \
-        if (LOC) {                                                         \
-            ANYOF_CLASS_SET(node, class);                                  \
-        }                                                                  \
-        else {                                                             \
-            _invlist_union(destlist, sourcelist, &destlist);               \
-        }                                                                  \
-    }
-
-/* Like DO_POSIX_LATIN1_ONLY_KNOWN, but for the complement.  A combination of
- * this and DO_N_POSIX.  Sets <matches_above_unicode> only if it can; unchanged
- * otherwise */
-#define DO_N_POSIX_LATIN1_ONLY_KNOWN(node, class, destlist, sourcelist,    \
-       l1_sourcelist, Xpropertyname, run_time_list, matches_above_unicode) \
-    if (AT_LEAST_ASCII_RESTRICTED) {                                       \
-        _invlist_union_complement_2nd(destlist, sourcelist, &destlist);    \
-    }                                                                      \
-    else {                                                                 \
-        Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ run_time_list, "!utf8::%s\n", Xpropertyname); \
-        matches_above_unicode = TRUE;                                      \
-       if (LOC) {                                                         \
-            ANYOF_CLASS_SET(node, namedclass);                            \
-       }                                                                  \
-       else {                                                             \
-            SV* scratch_list = NULL;                                       \
-           _invlist_subtract(PL_Latin1, l1_sourcelist, &scratch_list);    \
-           if (! destlist) {                                              \
-               destlist = scratch_list;                                   \
-           }                                                              \
-           else {                                                         \
-               _invlist_union(destlist, scratch_list, &destlist);         \
-               SvREFCNT_dec(scratch_list);                                \
-           }                                                              \
-           if (DEPENDS_SEMANTICS) {                                       \
-               ANYOF_FLAGS(node) |= ANYOF_NON_UTF8_LATIN1_ALL;            \
-           }                                                              \
-       }                                                                  \
-    }
 
 /* The names of properties whose definitions are not known at compile time are
  * stored in this SV, after a constant heading.  So if the length has been
@@ -11584,7 +11352,7 @@ S_regclass(pTHX_ RExC_state_t *pRExC_state, I32 *flagp, U32 depth)
        const char *s = RExC_parse;
        const char  c = *s++;
 
-       while (isALNUM(*s))
+       while (isWORDCHAR(*s))
            s++;
        if (*s && c == *s && s[1] == ']') {
            SAVEFREESV(RExC_rx_sv);
@@ -11699,7 +11467,11 @@ parseit:
                    if (UCHARAT(RExC_parse) == '^') {
                         RExC_parse++;
                         n--;
-                        value = value == 'p' ? 'P' : 'p'; /* toggle */
+                         /* toggle.  (The rhs xor gets the single bit that
+                          * differs between P and p; the other xor inverts just
+                          * that bit) */
+                         value ^= 'P' ^ 'p';
+
                         while (isSPACE(UCHARAT(RExC_parse))) {
                              RExC_parse++;
                              n--;
@@ -11722,7 +11494,7 @@ parseit:
                     /* Look up the property name, and get its swash and
                      * inversion list, if the property is found  */
                     if (swash) {
-                        SvREFCNT_dec(swash);
+                        SvREFCNT_dec_NN(swash);
                     }
                     swash = _core_swash_init("utf8", name, &PL_sv_undef,
                                              1, /* binary */
@@ -11732,7 +11504,7 @@ parseit:
                                             );
                     if (! swash || ! (invlist = _get_swash_invlist(swash))) {
                         if (swash) {
-                            SvREFCNT_dec(swash);
+                            SvREFCNT_dec_NN(swash);
                             swash = NULL;
                         }
 
@@ -11771,7 +11543,7 @@ parseit:
                             /* The swash can't be used as-is, because we've
                             * inverted things; delay removing it to here after
                             * have copied its invlist above */
-                            SvREFCNT_dec(swash);
+                            SvREFCNT_dec_NN(swash);
                             swash = NULL;
                         }
                         else {
@@ -11855,7 +11627,7 @@ parseit:
                }
            default:
                /* Allow \_ to not give an error */
-               if (!SIZE_ONLY && isALNUM(value) && value != '_') {
+               if (!SIZE_ONLY && isWORDCHAR(value) && value != '_') {
                    SAVEFREESV(RExC_rx_sv);
                    SAVEFREESV(listsv);
                    ckWARN2reg(RExC_parse,
@@ -11924,283 +11696,251 @@ parseit:
 
            if (! SIZE_ONLY) {
                 U8 classnum = namedclass_to_classnum(namedclass);
-               switch ((I32)namedclass) {
+                if (namedclass >= ANYOF_MAX) {  /* If a special class */
+                    if (namedclass != ANYOF_UNIPROP) { /* UNIPROP = \p and \P */
+
+                        /* Here, should be \h, \H, \v, or \V.  Neither /d nor
+                         * /l make a difference in what these match.  There
+                         * would be problems if these characters had folds
+                         * other than themselves, as cp_list is subject to
+                         * folding. */
+                        if (classnum != _CC_VERTSPACE) {
+                            assert(   namedclass == ANYOF_HORIZWS
+                                   || namedclass == ANYOF_NHORIZWS);
+
+                            /* It turns out that \h is just a synonym for
+                             * XPosixBlank */
+                            classnum = _CC_BLANK;
+                        }
 
-               case ANYOF_ALPHANUMERIC: /* C's alnum, in contrast to \w */
-                   DO_POSIX_LATIN1_ONLY_KNOWN(ret, namedclass, posixes,
-                        PL_PosixAlnum, PL_utf8_swash_ptrs[classnum], PL_L1Posix_ptrs[classnum], swash_property_names[classnum], listsv);
-                   break;
-               case ANYOF_NALPHANUMERIC:
-                   DO_N_POSIX_LATIN1_ONLY_KNOWN(ret, namedclass, posixes,
-                        PL_PosixAlnum, PL_L1Posix_ptrs[classnum], swash_property_names[classnum], listsv,
-                        runtime_posix_matches_above_Unicode);
-                   break;
-               case ANYOF_ALPHA:
-                   DO_POSIX_LATIN1_ONLY_KNOWN(ret, namedclass, posixes,
-                        PL_PosixAlpha, PL_utf8_swash_ptrs[classnum], PL_L1Posix_ptrs[classnum], swash_property_names[classnum], listsv);
-                   break;
-               case ANYOF_NALPHA:
-                   DO_N_POSIX_LATIN1_ONLY_KNOWN(ret, namedclass, posixes,
-                        PL_PosixAlpha, PL_L1Posix_ptrs[classnum], swash_property_names[classnum], listsv,
-                        runtime_posix_matches_above_Unicode);
-                   break;
-               case ANYOF_ASCII:
+                        _invlist_union_maybe_complement_2nd(
+                                cp_list,
+                                PL_XPosix_ptrs[classnum],
+                                namedclass % 2,  /* Complement if odd
+                                                    (NHORIZWS, NVERTWS) */
+                                &cp_list);
+                    }
+                }
+                else if (classnum == _CC_ASCII) {
 #ifdef HAS_ISASCII
-                   if (LOC) {
-                       ANYOF_CLASS_SET(ret, namedclass);
-                   }
+                    if (LOC) {
+                        ANYOF_CLASS_SET(ret, namedclass);
+                    }
                     else
 #endif  /* Not isascii(); just use the hard-coded definition for it */
-                        _invlist_union(posixes, PL_ASCII, &posixes);
-                   break;
-               case ANYOF_NASCII:
-#ifdef HAS_ISASCII
-                   if (LOC) {
-                       ANYOF_CLASS_SET(ret, namedclass);
-                   }
-                    else {
-#endif
-                        _invlist_union_complement_2nd(posixes,
-                                                    PL_ASCII, &posixes);
-                        if (DEPENDS_SEMANTICS) {
-                            ANYOF_FLAGS(ret) |= ANYOF_NON_UTF8_LATIN1_ALL;
+                        _invlist_union_maybe_complement_2nd(
+                                posixes,
+                                PL_ASCII,
+                                namedclass % 2, /* Complement if odd (NASCII) */
+                                &posixes);
+                }
+                else {  /* Garden variety class */
+
+                    /* The ascii range inversion list */
+                    SV* ascii_source = PL_Posix_ptrs[classnum];
+
+                    /* The full Latin1 range inversion list */
+                    SV* l1_source = PL_L1Posix_ptrs[classnum];
+
+                    /* This code is structured into two major clauses.  The
+                     * first is for classes whose complete definitions may not
+                     * already be known.  It not, the Latin1 definition
+                     * (guaranteed to already known) is used plus code is
+                     * generated to load the rest at run-time (only if needed).
+                     * If the complete definition is known, it drops down to
+                     * the second clause, where the complete definition is
+                     * known */
+
+                    if (classnum < _FIRST_NON_SWASH_CC) {
+
+                        /* Here, the class has a swash, which may or not
+                         * already be loaded */
+
+                        /* The name of the property to use to match the full
+                         * eXtended Unicode range swash for this character
+                         * class */
+                        const char *Xname = swash_property_names[classnum];
+
+                        if ( !  PL_utf8_swash_ptrs[classnum]) {
+                            if (namedclass % 2 == 0) { /* A non-complemented
+                                                          class */
+                                /* If not /a matching, there are code points we
+                                 * don't know at compile time.  Arrange for the
+                                 * unknown matches to be loaded at run-time, if
+                                 * needed */
+                                if (! AT_LEAST_ASCII_RESTRICTED) {
+                                    Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ listsv, "+utf8::%s\n",
+                                                                 Xname);
+                                }
+                                if (LOC) {  /* Under locale, set run-time
+                                               lookup */
+                                    ANYOF_CLASS_SET(ret, namedclass);
+                                }
+                                else {
+                                    /* Add the current class's code points to
+                                     * the running total */
+                                    _invlist_union(posixes,
+                                                   (AT_LEAST_ASCII_RESTRICTED)
+                                                        ? ascii_source
+                                                        : l1_source,
+                                                   &posixes);
+                                }
+                            }
+                            else {  /* A complemented class */
+                                if (AT_LEAST_ASCII_RESTRICTED) {
+                                    /* Under /a should match everything above
+                                     * ASCII, plus the complement of the set's
+                                     * ASCII matches */
+                                    _invlist_union_complement_2nd(posixes,
+                                                                  ascii_source,
+                                                                  &posixes);
+                                }
+                                else {
+                                    /* Arrange for the unknown matches to be
+                                     * loaded at run-time, if needed */
+                                    Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ listsv, "!utf8::%s\n",
+                                                                 Xname);
+                                    runtime_posix_matches_above_Unicode = TRUE;
+                                    if (LOC) {
+                                        ANYOF_CLASS_SET(ret, namedclass);
+                                    }
+                                    else {
+
+                                        /* We want to match everything in
+                                         * Latin1, except those things that
+                                         * l1_source matches */
+                                        SV* scratch_list = NULL;
+                                        _invlist_subtract(PL_Latin1, l1_source,
+                                                          &scratch_list);
+
+                                        /* Add the list from this class to the
+                                         * running total */
+                                        if (! posixes) {
+                                            posixes = scratch_list;
+                                        }
+                                        else {
+                                            _invlist_union(posixes,
+                                                           scratch_list,
+                                                           &posixes);
+                                            SvREFCNT_dec_NN(scratch_list);
+                                        }
+                                        if (DEPENDS_SEMANTICS) {
+                                            ANYOF_FLAGS(ret)
+                                                  |= ANYOF_NON_UTF8_LATIN1_ALL;
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            }
+                            goto namedclass_done;
+                        }
+
+                        /* Here, there is a swash loaded for the class.  If no
+                         * inversion list for it yet, get it */
+                        if (! PL_XPosix_ptrs[classnum]) {
+                            PL_XPosix_ptrs[classnum]
+                             = _swash_to_invlist(PL_utf8_swash_ptrs[classnum]);
                         }
-#ifdef HAS_ISASCII
-                    }
-#endif
-                   break;
-               case ANYOF_BLANK:
-                    if (hasISBLANK || ! LOC) {
-                        DO_POSIX(ret, namedclass, posixes,
-                                            PL_PosixBlank, PL_XPosixBlank);
                     }
-                    else { /* There is no isblank() and we are in locale:  We
-                              use the ASCII range and the above-Latin1 range
-                              code points */
-                        SV* scratch_list = NULL;
-
-                        /* Include all above-Latin1 blanks */
-                        _invlist_intersection(PL_AboveLatin1,
-                                              PL_XPosixBlank,
-                                              &scratch_list);
-                        /* Add it to the running total of posix classes */
-                        if (! posixes) {
-                            posixes = scratch_list;
+
+                    /* Here there is an inversion list already loaded for the
+                     * entire class */
+
+                    if (namedclass % 2 == 0) {  /* A non-complemented class,
+                                                   like ANYOF_PUNCT */
+                        if (! LOC) {
+                            /* For non-locale, just add it to any existing list
+                             * */
+                            _invlist_union(posixes,
+                                           (AT_LEAST_ASCII_RESTRICTED)
+                                               ? ascii_source
+                                               : PL_XPosix_ptrs[classnum],
+                                           &posixes);
                         }
-                        else {
-                            _invlist_union(posixes, scratch_list, &posixes);
-                            SvREFCNT_dec(scratch_list);
+                        else {  /* Locale */
+                            SV* scratch_list = NULL;
+
+                            /* For above Latin1 code points, we use the full
+                             * Unicode range */
+                            _invlist_intersection(PL_AboveLatin1,
+                                                  PL_XPosix_ptrs[classnum],
+                                                  &scratch_list);
+                            /* And set the output to it, adding instead if
+                             * there already is an output.  Checking if
+                             * 'posixes' is NULL first saves an extra clone.
+                             * Its reference count will be decremented at the
+                             * next union, etc, or if this is the only
+                             * instance, at the end of the routine */
+                            if (! posixes) {
+                                posixes = scratch_list;
+                            }
+                            else {
+                                _invlist_union(posixes, scratch_list, &posixes);
+                                SvREFCNT_dec_NN(scratch_list);
+                            }
+
+#ifndef HAS_ISBLANK
+                            if (namedclass != ANYOF_BLANK) {
+#endif
+                                /* Set this class in the node for runtime
+                                 * matching */
+                                ANYOF_CLASS_SET(ret, namedclass);
+#ifndef HAS_ISBLANK
+                            }
+                            else {
+                                /* No isblank(), use the hard-coded ASCII-range
+                                 * blanks, adding them to the running total. */
+
+                                _invlist_union(posixes, ascii_source, &posixes);
+                            }
+#endif
                         }
-                        /* Add the ASCII-range blanks to the running total. */
-                        _invlist_union(posixes, PL_PosixBlank, &posixes);
-                    }
-                   break;
-               case ANYOF_NBLANK:
-                    if (hasISBLANK || ! LOC) {
-                        DO_N_POSIX(ret, namedclass, posixes,
-                                                PL_PosixBlank, PL_XPosixBlank);
                     }
-                    else { /* There is no isblank() and we are in locale */
-                        SV* scratch_list = NULL;
-
-                        /* Include all above-Latin1 non-blanks */
-                        _invlist_subtract(PL_AboveLatin1, PL_XPosixBlank,
-                                          &scratch_list);
-
-                        /* Add them to the running total of posix classes */
-                        _invlist_subtract(PL_AboveLatin1, PL_XPosixBlank,
-                                          &scratch_list);
-                        if (! posixes) {
-                            posixes = scratch_list;
+                    else {  /* A complemented class, like ANYOF_NPUNCT */
+                        if (! LOC) {
+                            _invlist_union_complement_2nd(
+                                                posixes,
+                                                (AT_LEAST_ASCII_RESTRICTED)
+                                                    ? ascii_source
+                                                    : PL_XPosix_ptrs[classnum],
+                                                &posixes);
+                            /* Under /d, everything in the upper half of the
+                             * Latin1 range matches this complement */
+                            if (DEPENDS_SEMANTICS) {
+                                ANYOF_FLAGS(ret) |= ANYOF_NON_UTF8_LATIN1_ALL;
+                            }
                         }
-                        else {
-                            _invlist_union(posixes, scratch_list, &posixes);
-                            SvREFCNT_dec(scratch_list);
+                        else {  /* Locale */
+                            SV* scratch_list = NULL;
+                            _invlist_subtract(PL_AboveLatin1,
+                                              PL_XPosix_ptrs[classnum],
+                                              &scratch_list);
+                            if (! posixes) {
+                                posixes = scratch_list;
+                            }
+                            else {
+                                _invlist_union(posixes, scratch_list, &posixes);
+                                SvREFCNT_dec_NN(scratch_list);
+                            }
+#ifndef HAS_ISBLANK
+                            if (namedclass != ANYOF_NBLANK) {
+#endif
+                                ANYOF_CLASS_SET(ret, namedclass);
+#ifndef HAS_ISBLANK
+                            }
+                            else {
+                                /* Get the list of all code points in Latin1
+                                 * that are not ASCII blanks, and add them to
+                                 * the running total */
+                                _invlist_subtract(PL_Latin1, ascii_source,
+                                                  &scratch_list);
+                                _invlist_union(posixes, scratch_list, &posixes);
+                                SvREFCNT_dec_NN(scratch_list);
+                            }
+#endif
                         }
-
-                        /* Get the list of all non-ASCII-blanks in Latin 1, and
-                         * add them to the running total */
-                        _invlist_subtract(PL_Latin1, PL_PosixBlank,
-                                          &scratch_list);
-                        _invlist_union(posixes, scratch_list, &posixes);
-                        SvREFCNT_dec(scratch_list);
                     }
-                   break;
-               case ANYOF_CNTRL:
-                    DO_POSIX(ret, namedclass, posixes,
-                                            PL_PosixCntrl, PL_XPosixCntrl);
-                   break;
-               case ANYOF_NCNTRL:
-                    DO_N_POSIX(ret, namedclass, posixes,
-                                            PL_PosixCntrl, PL_XPosixCntrl);
-                   break;
-               case ANYOF_DIGIT:
-                   /* There are no digits in the Latin1 range outside of
-                    * ASCII, so call the macro that doesn't have to resolve
-                    * them */
-                   DO_POSIX_LATIN1_ONLY_KNOWN_L1_RESOLVED(ret, namedclass, posixes,
-                        PL_PosixDigit, PL_utf8_swash_ptrs[classnum], swash_property_names[classnum], listsv);
-                   break;
-               case ANYOF_NDIGIT:
-                   DO_N_POSIX_LATIN1_ONLY_KNOWN(ret, namedclass, posixes,
-                        PL_PosixDigit, PL_PosixDigit, swash_property_names[classnum], listsv,
-                        runtime_posix_matches_above_Unicode);
-                   break;
-               case ANYOF_GRAPH:
-                   DO_POSIX_LATIN1_ONLY_KNOWN(ret, namedclass, posixes,
-                        PL_PosixGraph, PL_utf8_swash_ptrs[classnum], PL_L1Posix_ptrs[classnum], swash_property_names[classnum], listsv);
-                   break;
-               case ANYOF_NGRAPH:
-                   DO_N_POSIX_LATIN1_ONLY_KNOWN(ret, namedclass, posixes,
-                        PL_PosixGraph, PL_L1Posix_ptrs[classnum], swash_property_names[classnum], listsv,
-                        runtime_posix_matches_above_Unicode);
-                   break;
-               case ANYOF_HORIZWS:
-                   /* For these, we use the cp_list, as /d doesn't make a
-                    * difference in what these match.  There would be problems
-                    * if these characters had folds other than themselves, as
-                    * cp_list is subject to folding.  It turns out that \h
-                    * is just a synonym for XPosixBlank */
-                   _invlist_union(cp_list, PL_XPosixBlank, &cp_list);
-                   break;
-               case ANYOF_NHORIZWS:
-                    _invlist_union_complement_2nd(cp_list,
-                                                 PL_XPosixBlank, &cp_list);
-                   break;
-               case ANYOF_LOWER:
-               case ANYOF_NLOWER:
-                {   /* These require special handling, as they differ under
-                      folding, matching Cased there (which in the ASCII range
-                      is the same as Alpha */
-
-                   SV* ascii_source;
-                   SV* l1_source;
-                   const char *Xname;
-                    SV* swash;
-
-                   if (FOLD && ! LOC) {
-                       ascii_source = PL_PosixAlpha;
-                       l1_source = PL_L1Cased;
-                       Xname = "Cased";
-                        swash = NULL;
-                   }
-                   else {
-                       ascii_source = PL_PosixLower;
-                       l1_source = PL_L1Posix_ptrs[classnum];
-                       Xname = swash_property_names[classnum];
-                        swash = PL_utf8_swash_ptrs[classnum];
-                   }
-                   if (namedclass == ANYOF_LOWER) {
-                       DO_POSIX_LATIN1_ONLY_KNOWN(ret, namedclass, posixes,
-                                    ascii_source, swash, l1_source, Xname, listsv);
-                   }
-                   else {
-                       DO_N_POSIX_LATIN1_ONLY_KNOWN(ret, namedclass,
-                            posixes, ascii_source, l1_source, Xname, listsv,
-                            runtime_posix_matches_above_Unicode);
-                   }
-                   break;
-               }
-               case ANYOF_PRINT:
-                   DO_POSIX_LATIN1_ONLY_KNOWN(ret, namedclass, posixes,
-                        PL_PosixPrint, PL_utf8_swash_ptrs[classnum], PL_L1Posix_ptrs[classnum], swash_property_names[classnum], listsv);
-                   break;
-               case ANYOF_NPRINT:
-                   DO_N_POSIX_LATIN1_ONLY_KNOWN(ret, namedclass, posixes,
-                        PL_PosixPrint, PL_L1Posix_ptrs[classnum], swash_property_names[classnum], listsv,
-                        runtime_posix_matches_above_Unicode);
-                   break;
-               case ANYOF_PUNCT:
-                   DO_POSIX_LATIN1_ONLY_KNOWN(ret, namedclass, posixes,
-                        PL_PosixPunct, PL_utf8_swash_ptrs[classnum], PL_L1Posix_ptrs[classnum], swash_property_names[classnum], listsv);
-                   break;
-               case ANYOF_NPUNCT:
-                   DO_N_POSIX_LATIN1_ONLY_KNOWN(ret, namedclass, posixes,
-                        PL_PosixPunct, PL_L1Posix_ptrs[classnum], swash_property_names[classnum], listsv,
-                        runtime_posix_matches_above_Unicode);
-                   break;
-               case ANYOF_PSXSPC:
-                    DO_POSIX(ret, namedclass, posixes,
-                                            PL_PosixSpace, PL_XPosixSpace);
-                   break;
-               case ANYOF_NPSXSPC:
-                    DO_N_POSIX(ret, namedclass, posixes,
-                                            PL_PosixSpace, PL_XPosixSpace);
-                   break;
-               case ANYOF_SPACE:
-                    DO_POSIX(ret, namedclass, posixes,
-                                            PL_PerlSpace, PL_XPerlSpace);
-                   break;
-               case ANYOF_NSPACE:
-                    DO_N_POSIX(ret, namedclass, posixes,
-                                            PL_PerlSpace, PL_XPerlSpace);
-                   break;
-               case ANYOF_UPPER:   /* Same as LOWER, above */
-               case ANYOF_NUPPER:
-               {
-                   SV* ascii_source;
-                   SV* l1_source;
-                   const char *Xname;
-                    SV* swash;
-
-                   if (FOLD && ! LOC) {
-                       ascii_source = PL_PosixAlpha;
-                       l1_source = PL_L1Cased;
-                       Xname = "Cased";
-                        swash = NULL;
-                   }
-                   else {
-                       ascii_source = PL_PosixUpper;
-                       l1_source = PL_L1Posix_ptrs[classnum];
-                       Xname = swash_property_names[classnum];
-                        swash = PL_utf8_swash_ptrs[classnum];
-                   }
-                   if (namedclass == ANYOF_UPPER) {
-                       DO_POSIX_LATIN1_ONLY_KNOWN(ret, namedclass, posixes,
-                                    ascii_source, swash, l1_source, Xname, listsv);
-                   }
-                   else {
-                       DO_N_POSIX_LATIN1_ONLY_KNOWN(ret, namedclass,
-                        posixes, ascii_source, l1_source, Xname, listsv,
-                        runtime_posix_matches_above_Unicode);
-                   }
-                   break;
-               }
-               case ANYOF_WORDCHAR:
-                   DO_POSIX_LATIN1_ONLY_KNOWN(ret, namedclass, posixes,
-                            PL_PosixWord, PL_utf8_swash_ptrs[classnum], PL_L1Posix_ptrs[classnum], swash_property_names[classnum], listsv);
-                   break;
-               case ANYOF_NWORDCHAR:
-                   DO_N_POSIX_LATIN1_ONLY_KNOWN(ret, namedclass, posixes,
-                            PL_PosixWord, PL_L1Posix_ptrs[classnum], swash_property_names[classnum], listsv,
-                            runtime_posix_matches_above_Unicode);
-                   break;
-               case ANYOF_VERTWS:
-                   /* For these, we use the cp_list, as /d doesn't make a
-                    * difference in what these match.  There would be problems
-                    * if these characters had folds other than themselves, as
-                    * cp_list is subject to folding */
-                   _invlist_union(cp_list, PL_VertSpace, &cp_list);
-                   break;
-               case ANYOF_NVERTWS:
-                    _invlist_union_complement_2nd(cp_list,
-                                                    PL_VertSpace, &cp_list);
-                   break;
-               case ANYOF_XDIGIT:
-                    DO_POSIX(ret, namedclass, posixes,
-                                            PL_PosixXDigit, PL_XPosixXDigit);
-                   break;
-               case ANYOF_NXDIGIT:
-                    DO_N_POSIX(ret, namedclass, posixes,
-                                            PL_PosixXDigit, PL_XPosixXDigit);
-                   break;
-               case ANYOF_UNIPROP: /* this is to handle \p and \P */
-                   break;
-               default:
-                   vFAIL("Invalid [::] class");
-                   break;
-               }
-
+                }
+              namedclass_done:
                continue;   /* Go get next character */
            }
        } /* end of namedclass \blah */
@@ -12445,8 +12185,8 @@ parseit:
        RExC_parse = save_parse;
        RExC_end = save_end;
        RExC_in_multi_char_class = 0;
-        SvREFCNT_dec(multi_char_matches);
-        SvREFCNT_dec(listsv);
+        SvREFCNT_dec_NN(multi_char_matches);
+        SvREFCNT_dec_NN(listsv);
         return ret;
     }
 
@@ -12460,110 +12200,77 @@ parseit:
         if (namedclass > OOB_NAMEDCLASS) { /* this is a named class, like \w or
                                               [:digit:] or \p{foo} */
 
-            /* Certain named classes have equivalents that can appear outside a
-             * character class, e.g. \w, \H.  We use these instead of a
-             * character class. */
+            /* All named classes are mapped into POSIXish nodes, with its FLAG
+             * argument giving which class it is */
             switch ((I32)namedclass) {
-                U8 offset;
-
-                /* The first group is for node types that depend on the charset
-                 * modifier to the regex.  We first calculate the base node
-                 * type, and if it should be inverted */
-
-                case ANYOF_NWORDCHAR:
-                    invert = ! invert;
-                    /* FALLTHROUGH */
-                case ANYOF_WORDCHAR:
-                    op = ALNUM;
-                    goto join_charset_classes;
-
-                case ANYOF_NSPACE:
-                    invert = ! invert;
-                    /* FALLTHROUGH */
-                case ANYOF_SPACE:
-                    op = SPACE;
-                    goto join_charset_classes;
-
-                case ANYOF_NDIGIT:
-                    invert = ! invert;
-                    /* FALLTHROUGH */
-                case ANYOF_DIGIT:
-                    op = DIGIT;
-
-                  join_charset_classes:
-
-                    /* Now that we have the base node type, we take advantage
-                     * of the enum ordering of the charset modifiers to get the
-                     * exact node type,  For example the base SPACE also has
-                     * SPACEL, SPACEU, and SPACEA */
-
-                    offset = get_regex_charset(RExC_flags);
-
-                    /* /aa is the same as /a for these */
-                    if (offset == REGEX_ASCII_MORE_RESTRICTED_CHARSET) {
-                        offset = REGEX_ASCII_RESTRICTED_CHARSET;
-                    }
-                    else if (op == DIGIT && offset == REGEX_UNICODE_CHARSET) {
-                        offset = REGEX_DEPENDS_CHARSET; /* There is no DIGITU */
-                    }
-
-                    op += offset;
-
-                    /* The number of varieties of each of these is the same,
-                     * hence, so is the delta between the normal and
-                     * complemented nodes */
-                    if (invert) {
-                        op += NALNUM - ALNUM;
-                    }
-                    *flagp |= HASWIDTH|SIMPLE;
+                case ANYOF_UNIPROP:
                     break;
 
-                /* The second group doesn't depend of the charset modifiers.
-                 * We just have normal and complemented */
+                /* These don't depend on the charset modifiers.  They always
+                 * match under /u rules */
                 case ANYOF_NHORIZWS:
-                    invert = ! invert;
-                    /* FALLTHROUGH */
                 case ANYOF_HORIZWS:
-                  is_horizws:
-                    op = (invert) ? NHORIZWS : HORIZWS;
-                    *flagp |= HASWIDTH|SIMPLE;
-                    break;
+                    namedclass = ANYOF_BLANK + namedclass - ANYOF_HORIZWS;
+                    /* FALLTHROUGH */
 
                 case ANYOF_NVERTWS:
-                    invert = ! invert;
-                    /* FALLTHROUGH */
                 case ANYOF_VERTWS:
-                    op = (invert) ? NVERTWS : VERTWS;
-                    *flagp |= HASWIDTH|SIMPLE;
-                    break;
-
-                case ANYOF_UNIPROP:
-                    break;
-
-                case ANYOF_NBLANK:
-                    invert = ! invert;
-                    /* FALLTHROUGH */
-                case ANYOF_BLANK:
-                    if (AT_LEAST_UNI_SEMANTICS && ! AT_LEAST_ASCII_RESTRICTED) {
-                        goto is_horizws;
+                    op = POSIXU;
+                    goto join_posix;
+
+                /* The actual POSIXish node for all the rest depends on the
+                 * charset modifier.  The ones in the first set depend only on
+                 * ASCII or, if available on this platform, locale */
+                case ANYOF_ASCII:
+                case ANYOF_NASCII:
+#ifdef HAS_ISASCII
+                    op = (LOC) ? POSIXL : POSIXA;
+#else
+                    op = POSIXA;
+#endif
+                    goto join_posix;
+
+                case ANYOF_NCASED:
+                case ANYOF_LOWER:
+                case ANYOF_NLOWER:
+                case ANYOF_UPPER:
+                case ANYOF_NUPPER:
+                    /* under /a could be alpha */
+                    if (FOLD) {
+                        if (ASCII_RESTRICTED) {
+                            namedclass = ANYOF_ALPHA + (namedclass % 2);
+                        }
+                        else if (! LOC) {
+                            break;
+                        }
                     }
                     /* FALLTHROUGH */
+
+                /* The rest have more possibilities depending on the charset.  We
+                 * take advantage of the enum ordering of the charset modifiers to
+                 * get the exact node type, */
                 default:
-                    /* A generic posix class.  All the /a ones can be handled
-                     * by the POSIXA opcode.  And all are closed under folding
-                     * in the ASCII range, so FOLD doesn't matter */
-                    if (AT_LEAST_ASCII_RESTRICTED
-                        || (! LOC && namedclass == ANYOF_ASCII))
+                    op = POSIXD + get_regex_charset(RExC_flags);
+                    if (op > POSIXA) { /* /aa is same as /a */
+                        op = POSIXA;
+                    }
+#ifndef HAS_ISBLANK
+                    if (op == POSIXL
+                        && (namedclass == ANYOF_BLANK
+                            || namedclass == ANYOF_NBLANK))
                     {
-                        /* The odd numbered ones are the complements of the
-                         * next-lower even number one */
-                        if (namedclass % 2 == 1) {
-                            invert = ! invert;
-                            namedclass--;
-                        }
-                        arg = namedclass_to_classnum(namedclass);
-                        op = (invert) ? NPOSIXA : POSIXA;
+                        op = POSIXA;
+                    }
+#endif
+
+                join_posix:
+                    /* The odd numbered ones are the complements of the
+                     * next-lower even number one */
+                    if (namedclass % 2 == 1) {
+                        invert = ! invert;
+                        namedclass--;
                     }
+                    arg = namedclass_to_classnum(namedclass);
                     break;
             }
         }
@@ -12588,8 +12295,8 @@ parseit:
         else if (! LOC) {   /* locale could vary these */
             if (prevvalue == '0') {
                 if (value == '9') {
-                    op = (invert) ? NDIGITA : DIGITA;
-                    *flagp |= HASWIDTH|SIMPLE;
+                    arg = _CC_DIGIT;
+                    op = POSIXA;
                 }
             }
         }
@@ -12615,6 +12322,11 @@ parseit:
             }
             else {
                 RExC_emit = (regnode *)orig_emit;
+                if (PL_regkind[op] == POSIXD) {
+                    if (invert) {
+                        op += NPOSIXD - POSIXD;
+                    }
+                }
             }
 
             ret = reg_node(pRExC_state, op);
@@ -12632,7 +12344,7 @@ parseit:
             RExC_parse = (char *) cur_parse;
 
             SvREFCNT_dec(posixes);
-            SvREFCNT_dec(listsv);
+            SvREFCNT_dec_NN(listsv);
             SvREFCNT_dec(cp_list);
             return ret;
         }
@@ -12666,7 +12378,7 @@ parseit:
                 SV* swash = swash_init("utf8", "_Perl_Any_Folds",
                                        &PL_sv_undef, 1, 0);
                 PL_utf8_foldable = _get_swash_invlist(swash);
-                SvREFCNT_dec(swash);
+                SvREFCNT_dec_NN(swash);
             }
 
             /* This is a hash that for a particular fold gives all characters
@@ -12868,7 +12580,7 @@ parseit:
                 }
             }
        }
-       SvREFCNT_dec(fold_intersection);
+       SvREFCNT_dec_NN(fold_intersection);
     }
 
     /* And combine the result (if any) with any inversion list from posix
@@ -12879,7 +12591,7 @@ parseit:
         if (! DEPENDS_SEMANTICS) {
             if (cp_list) {
                 _invlist_union(cp_list, posixes, &cp_list);
-                SvREFCNT_dec(posixes);
+                SvREFCNT_dec_NN(posixes);
             }
             else {
                 cp_list = posixes;
@@ -12897,7 +12609,7 @@ parseit:
                               &posixes);
             if (cp_list) {
                 _invlist_union(cp_list, posixes, &cp_list);
-                SvREFCNT_dec(posixes);
+                SvREFCNT_dec_NN(posixes);
             }
             else {
                 cp_list = posixes;
@@ -12906,7 +12618,7 @@ parseit:
             if (depends_list) {
                 _invlist_union(depends_list, nonascii_but_latin1_properties,
                                &depends_list);
-                SvREFCNT_dec(nonascii_but_latin1_properties);
+                SvREFCNT_dec_NN(nonascii_but_latin1_properties);
             }
             else {
                 depends_list = nonascii_but_latin1_properties;
@@ -12948,14 +12660,14 @@ parseit:
             }
 
             _invlist_union(properties, cp_list, &cp_list);
-            SvREFCNT_dec(properties);
+            SvREFCNT_dec_NN(properties);
         }
         else {
             cp_list = properties;
         }
 
         if (warn_super) {
-            ANYOF_FLAGS(ret) |= ANYOF_WARN_SUPER;
+            OP(ret) = ANYOF_WARN_SUPER;
         }
     }
 
@@ -12981,7 +12693,7 @@ parseit:
 
         /* Any swash can't be used as-is, because we've inverted things */
         if (swash) {
-            SvREFCNT_dec(swash);
+            SvREFCNT_dec_NN(swash);
             swash = NULL;
         }
 
@@ -13019,12 +12731,12 @@ parseit:
         && ! (ANYOF_FLAGS(ret) & ANYOF_CLASS)
         && ! HAS_NONLOCALE_RUNTIME_PROPERTY_DEFINITION)
     {
-       UV start, end;
-       U8 op = END;  /* The optimzation node-type */
+        UV start, end;
+        U8 op = END;  /* The optimzation node-type */
         const char * cur_parse= RExC_parse;
 
-       invlist_iterinit(cp_list);
-       if (! invlist_iternext(cp_list, &start, &end)) {
+        invlist_iterinit(cp_list);
+        if (! invlist_iternext(cp_list, &start, &end)) {
 
             /* Here, the list is empty.  This happens, for example, when a
              * Unicode property is the only thing in the character class, and
@@ -13075,7 +12787,7 @@ parseit:
                             SV* swash = swash_init("utf8", "_Perl_Any_Folds",
                                                 &PL_sv_undef, 1, 0);
                             PL_utf8_foldable = _get_swash_invlist(swash);
-                            SvREFCNT_dec(swash);
+                            SvREFCNT_dec_NN(swash);
                         }
                         if (_invlist_contains_cp(PL_utf8_foldable, value)) {
                             op = EXACT;
@@ -13105,6 +12817,7 @@ parseit:
                 RExC_naughty++;
             }
         }
+        invlist_iterfinish(cp_list);
 
         if (op != END) {
             RExC_parse = (char *)orig_parse;
@@ -13118,8 +12831,8 @@ parseit:
                 alloc_maybe_populate_EXACT(pRExC_state, ret, flagp, 0, value);
             }
 
-            SvREFCNT_dec(cp_list);
-            SvREFCNT_dec(listsv);
+            SvREFCNT_dec_NN(cp_list);
+            SvREFCNT_dec_NN(listsv);
             return ret;
         }
     }
@@ -13164,6 +12877,7 @@ parseit:
                }
            }
        }
+       invlist_iterfinish(cp_list);
 
         /* Done with loop; remove any code points that are in the bitmap from
          * <cp_list> */
@@ -13173,7 +12887,7 @@ parseit:
 
        /* If have completely emptied it, remove it completely */
        if (_invlist_len(cp_list) == 0) {
-           SvREFCNT_dec(cp_list);
+           SvREFCNT_dec_NN(cp_list);
            cp_list = NULL;
        }
     }
@@ -13188,7 +12902,7 @@ parseit:
     if (depends_list) {
        if (cp_list) {
            _invlist_union(cp_list, depends_list, &cp_list);
-           SvREFCNT_dec(depends_list);
+           SvREFCNT_dec_NN(depends_list);
        }
        else {
            cp_list = depends_list;
@@ -13198,7 +12912,7 @@ parseit:
     /* If there is a swash and more than one element, we can't use the swash in
      * the optimization below. */
     if (swash && element_count > 1) {
-       SvREFCNT_dec(swash);
+       SvREFCNT_dec_NN(swash);
        swash = NULL;
     }
 
@@ -13206,7 +12920,7 @@ parseit:
        && ! HAS_NONLOCALE_RUNTIME_PROPERTY_DEFINITION)
     {
        ARG_SET(ret, ANYOF_NONBITMAP_EMPTY);
-       SvREFCNT_dec(listsv);
+       SvREFCNT_dec_NN(listsv);
     }
     else {
        /* av[0] stores the character class description in its textual form:
@@ -13224,10 +12938,10 @@ parseit:
 
        av_store(av, 0, (HAS_NONLOCALE_RUNTIME_PROPERTY_DEFINITION)
                        ? listsv
-                       : (SvREFCNT_dec(listsv), &PL_sv_undef));
+                       : (SvREFCNT_dec_NN(listsv), &PL_sv_undef));
        if (swash) {
            av_store(av, 1, swash);
-           SvREFCNT_dec(cp_list);
+           SvREFCNT_dec_NN(cp_list);
        }
        else {
            av_store(av, 1, NULL);
@@ -13844,10 +13558,11 @@ Perl_regprop(pTHX_ const regexp *prog, SV *sv, const regnode *o)
     /* Should be synchronized with * ANYOF_ #xdefines in regcomp.h */
     static const char * const anyofs[] = {
 #if _CC_WORDCHAR != 0 || _CC_DIGIT != 1 || _CC_ALPHA != 2 || _CC_LOWER != 3 \
-    || _CC_UPPER != 4 || _CC_PUNCT != 5 || _CC_PRINT != 6 \
-    || _CC_ALPHANUMERIC != 7 || _CC_GRAPH != 8 || _CC_SPACE != 9 \
-    || _CC_BLANK != 10 || _CC_XDIGIT != 11 || _CC_PSXSPC != 12 \
-    || _CC_CNTRL != 13 || _CC_ASCII != 14 || _CC_VERTSPACE != 15
+    || _CC_UPPER != 4 || _CC_PUNCT != 5 || _CC_PRINT != 6                   \
+    || _CC_ALPHANUMERIC != 7 || _CC_GRAPH != 8 || _CC_CASED != 9            \
+    || _CC_SPACE != 10 || _CC_BLANK != 11 || _CC_XDIGIT != 12               \
+    || _CC_PSXSPC != 13 || _CC_CNTRL != 14 || _CC_ASCII != 15               \
+    || _CC_VERTSPACE != 16
   #error Need to adjust order of anyofs[]
 #endif
         "[\\w]",
@@ -13868,6 +13583,8 @@ Perl_regprop(pTHX_ const regexp *prog, SV *sv, const regnode *o)
         "[:^alnum:]",
         "[:graph:]",
         "[:^graph:]",
+        "[:cased:]",
+        "[:^cased:]",
         "[\\s]",
         "[\\S]",
         "[:blank:]",
@@ -14134,7 +13851,7 @@ Perl_regprop(pTHX_ const regexp *prog, SV *sv, const regnode *o)
 
                    Safefree(origs);
                }
-               SvREFCNT_dec(lv);
+               SvREFCNT_dec_NN(lv);
            }
        }
 
@@ -14278,7 +13995,7 @@ Perl_reg_temp_copy (pTHX_ REGEXP *ret_x, REGEXP *rx)
            ret_x->sv_u.svu_rx = temp->sv_any;
            temp->sv_any = NULL;
            SvFLAGS(temp) = (SvFLAGS(temp) & ~SVTYPEMASK) | SVt_NULL;
-           SvREFCNT_dec(temp);
+           SvREFCNT_dec_NN(temp);
            /* SvCUR still resides in the xpvlv struct, so the regexp copy-
               ing below will not set it. */
            SvCUR_set(ret_x, SvCUR(rx));