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Fix \xa0 matching both [\s] [\S], et.al.
[perl5.git] / regexec.c
index 867965a..be0feeb 100644 (file)
--- a/regexec.c
+++ b/regexec.c
 #define        STATIC  static
 #endif
 
-#define REGINCLASS(prog,p,c)  (ANYOF_FLAGS(p) ? reginclass(prog,p,c,0,0) : ANYOF_BITMAP_TEST(p,*(c)))
+/* Valid for non-utf8 strings only: avoids the reginclass call if there are no
+ * complications: i.e., if everything matchable is straight forward in the
+ * bitmap */
+#define REGINCLASS(prog,p,c)  (ANYOF_FLAGS(p) ? reginclass(prog,p,c,0,0)   \
+                                             : ANYOF_BITMAP_TEST(p,*(c)))
 
 /*
  * Forwards.
 #endif
 
 
-#define CCC_TRY_AFF(NAME,NAMEL,CLASS,STR,LCFUNC_utf8,FUNC,LCFUNC)                          \
-        case NAMEL:                                                              \
-            PL_reg_flags |= RF_tainted;                                                 \
-            /* FALL THROUGH */                                                          \
-        case NAME:                                                                     \
-            if (!nextchr)                                                               \
-                sayNO;                                                                  \
-            if (utf8_target && UTF8_IS_CONTINUED(nextchr)) {                                \
-                if (!CAT2(PL_utf8_,CLASS)) {                                            \
-                    bool ok;                                                            \
-                    ENTER;                                                              \
-                    save_re_context();                                                  \
-                    ok=CAT2(is_utf8_,CLASS)((const U8*)STR);                            \
-                    assert(ok);                                                         \
-                    LEAVE;                                                              \
-                }                                                                       \
-                if (!(OP(scan) == NAME                                                  \
+#define _CCC_TRY_AFF_COMMON(NAME,NAMEL,CLASS,STR,LCFUNC_utf8,FUNC)          \
+        case NAMEL:                                                         \
+            PL_reg_flags |= RF_tainted;                                     \
+            /* FALL THROUGH */                                              \
+        case NAME:                                                          \
+            if (!nextchr)                                                   \
+                sayNO;                                                      \
+            if (utf8_target && UTF8_IS_CONTINUED(nextchr)) {                \
+                if (!CAT2(PL_utf8_,CLASS)) {                                \
+                    bool ok;                                                \
+                    ENTER;                                                  \
+                    save_re_context();                                      \
+                    ok=CAT2(is_utf8_,CLASS)((const U8*)STR);                \
+                    assert(ok);                                             \
+                    LEAVE;                                                  \
+                }                                                           \
+                if (!(OP(scan) == NAME                                      \
                     ? cBOOL(swash_fetch(CAT2(PL_utf8_,CLASS), (U8*)locinput, utf8_target))  \
-                    : LCFUNC_utf8((U8*)locinput)))                                      \
-                {                                                                       \
-                    sayNO;                                                              \
-                }                                                                       \
-                locinput += PL_utf8skip[nextchr];                                       \
-                nextchr = UCHARAT(locinput);                                            \
-                break;                                                                  \
-            }                                                                           \
-            if (!(OP(scan) == NAME ? FUNC(nextchr) : LCFUNC(nextchr)))                  \
-                sayNO;                                                                  \
-            nextchr = UCHARAT(++locinput);                                              \
+                    : LCFUNC_utf8((U8*)locinput)))                          \
+                {                                                           \
+                    sayNO;                                                  \
+                }                                                           \
+                locinput += PL_utf8skip[nextchr];                           \
+                nextchr = UCHARAT(locinput);                                \
+                break;                                                      \
+            }                                                               \
+           /* Drops through to the macro that calls this one */
+
+#define CCC_TRY_AFF(NAME,NAMEL,CLASS,STR,LCFUNC_utf8,FUNC,LCFUNC)           \
+    _CCC_TRY_AFF_COMMON(NAME,NAMEL,CLASS,STR,LCFUNC_utf8,FUNC)              \
+            if (!(OP(scan) == NAME ? FUNC(nextchr) : LCFUNC(nextchr)))      \
+                sayNO;                                                      \
+            nextchr = UCHARAT(++locinput);                                  \
             break
 
-#define CCC_TRY_NEG(NAME,NAMEL,CLASS,STR,LCFUNC_utf8,FUNC,LCFUNC)                        \
-        case NAMEL:                                                              \
-            PL_reg_flags |= RF_tainted;                                                 \
-            /* FALL THROUGH */                                                          \
-        case NAME :                                                                     \
-            if (!nextchr && locinput >= PL_regeol)                                      \
-                sayNO;                                                                  \
-            if (utf8_target && UTF8_IS_CONTINUED(nextchr)) {                                \
-                if (!CAT2(PL_utf8_,CLASS)) {                                            \
-                    bool ok;                                                            \
-                    ENTER;                                                              \
-                    save_re_context();                                                  \
-                    ok=CAT2(is_utf8_,CLASS)((const U8*)STR);                            \
-                    assert(ok);                                                         \
-                    LEAVE;                                                              \
-                }                                                                       \
-                if ((OP(scan) == NAME                                                  \
+/* Almost identical to the above, but has a case for a node that matches chars
+ * between 128 and 255 using Unicode (latin1) semantics. */
+#define CCC_TRY_AFF_U(NAME,NAMEL,CLASS,STR,LCFUNC_utf8,FUNCU,LCFUNC)         \
+    _CCC_TRY_AFF_COMMON(NAME,NAMEL,CLASS,STR,LCFUNC_utf8,FUNC)               \
+            if (!(OP(scan) == NAMEL ? LCFUNC(nextchr) : (FUNCU(nextchr) && (isASCII(nextchr) || (FLAGS(scan) & USE_UNI))))) \
+                sayNO;                                                       \
+            nextchr = UCHARAT(++locinput);                                   \
+            break
+
+#define _CCC_TRY_NEG_COMMON(NAME,NAMEL,CLASS,STR,LCFUNC_utf8,FUNC)           \
+        case NAMEL:                                                          \
+            PL_reg_flags |= RF_tainted;                                      \
+            /* FALL THROUGH */                                               \
+        case NAME :                                                          \
+            if (!nextchr && locinput >= PL_regeol)                           \
+                sayNO;                                                       \
+            if (utf8_target && UTF8_IS_CONTINUED(nextchr)) {                 \
+                if (!CAT2(PL_utf8_,CLASS)) {                                 \
+                    bool ok;                                                 \
+                    ENTER;                                                   \
+                    save_re_context();                                       \
+                    ok=CAT2(is_utf8_,CLASS)((const U8*)STR);                 \
+                    assert(ok);                                              \
+                    LEAVE;                                                   \
+                }                                                            \
+                if ((OP(scan) == NAME                                        \
                     ? cBOOL(swash_fetch(CAT2(PL_utf8_,CLASS), (U8*)locinput, utf8_target))  \
-                    : LCFUNC_utf8((U8*)locinput)))                                      \
-                {                                                                       \
-                    sayNO;                                                              \
-                }                                                                       \
-                locinput += PL_utf8skip[nextchr];                                       \
-                nextchr = UCHARAT(locinput);                                            \
-                break;                                                                  \
-            }                                                                           \
-            if ((OP(scan) == NAME ? FUNC(nextchr) : LCFUNC(nextchr)))                   \
-                sayNO;                                                                  \
-            nextchr = UCHARAT(++locinput);                                              \
+                    : LCFUNC_utf8((U8*)locinput)))                           \
+                {                                                            \
+                    sayNO;                                                   \
+                }                                                            \
+                locinput += PL_utf8skip[nextchr];                            \
+                nextchr = UCHARAT(locinput);                                 \
+                break;                                                       \
+            }
+
+#define CCC_TRY_NEG(NAME,NAMEL,CLASS,STR,LCFUNC_utf8,FUNC,LCFUNC)            \
+    _CCC_TRY_NEG_COMMON(NAME,NAMEL,CLASS,STR,LCFUNC_utf8,FUNC)               \
+            if ((OP(scan) == NAME ? FUNC(nextchr) : LCFUNC(nextchr)))        \
+                sayNO;                                                       \
+            nextchr = UCHARAT(++locinput);                                   \
             break
 
 
+#define CCC_TRY_NEG_U(NAME,NAMEL,CLASS,STR,LCFUNC_utf8,FUNCU,LCFUNC)         \
+    _CCC_TRY_NEG_COMMON(NAME,NAMEL,CLASS,STR,LCFUNC_utf8,FUNCU)              \
+            if ((OP(scan) == NAMEL ? LCFUNC(nextchr) : (FUNCU(nextchr) && (isASCII(nextchr) || (FLAGS(scan) & USE_UNI))))) \
+                sayNO;                                                       \
+            nextchr = UCHARAT(++locinput);                                   \
+            break
 
 
 
 /* Currently these are only used when PL_regkind[OP(rn)] == EXACT so
    we don't need this definition. */
 #define IS_TEXT(rn)   ( OP(rn)==EXACT   || OP(rn)==REF   || OP(rn)==NREF   )
-#define IS_TEXTF(rn)  ( OP(rn)==EXACTF  || OP(rn)==REFF  || OP(rn)==NREFF  )
+#define IS_TEXTF(rn)  ( (OP(rn)==EXACTFU ||  OP(rn)==EXACTF)  || OP(rn)==REFF  || OP(rn)==NREFF )
 #define IS_TEXTFL(rn) ( OP(rn)==EXACTFL || OP(rn)==REFFL || OP(rn)==NREFFL )
 
 #else
 /* ... so we use this as its faster. */
 #define IS_TEXT(rn)   ( OP(rn)==EXACT   )
+#define IS_TEXTFU(rn)  ( OP(rn)==EXACTFU )
 #define IS_TEXTF(rn)  ( OP(rn)==EXACTF  )
 #define IS_TEXTFL(rn) ( OP(rn)==EXACTFL )
 
@@ -501,7 +528,7 @@ Perl_pregexec(pTHX_ REGEXP * const prog, char* stringarg, register char *strend,
        a) Anchored substring;
        b) Fixed substring;
        c) Whether we are anchored (beginning-of-line or \G);
-       d) First node (of those at offset 0) which may distingush positions;
+       d) First node (of those at offset 0) which may distinguish positions;
    We use a)b)d) and multiline-part of c), and try to find a position in the
    string which does not contradict any of them.
  */
@@ -1002,7 +1029,7 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_ REGEXP * const rx, SV *sv, char *strpos,
            prog->float_substr = prog->float_utf8 = NULL;       /* clear */
            check = NULL;                       /* abort */
            s = strpos;
-           /* XXXX If the check string was an implicit check MBOL, then we need to unset the relevent flag
+           /* XXXX If the check string was an implicit check MBOL, then we need to unset the relevant flag
                    see http://bugs.activestate.com/show_bug.cgi?id=87173 */
            if (prog->intflags & PREGf_IMPLICIT)
                prog->extflags &= ~RXf_ANCH_MBOL;
@@ -1028,7 +1055,7 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_ REGEXP * const rx, SV *sv, char *strpos,
           even for \b or \B.  But (minlen? 1 : 0) below assumes that
           regstclass does not come from lookahead...  */
        /* If regstclass takes bytelength more than 1: If charlength==1, OK.
-          This leaves EXACTF only, which is dealt with in find_byclass().  */
+          This leaves EXACTF, EXACTFU only, which are dealt with in find_byclass().  */
         const U8* const str = (U8*)STRING(progi->regstclass);
         const int cl_l = (PL_regkind[OP(progi->regstclass)] == EXACT
                    ? CHR_DIST(str+STR_LEN(progi->regstclass), str)
@@ -1103,7 +1130,7 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_ REGEXP * const rx, SV *sv, char *strpos,
            }
            if (!(utf8_target ? prog->float_utf8 : prog->float_substr)) /* Could have been deleted */
                goto fail;
-           /* Check is floating subtring. */
+           /* Check is floating substring. */
          retry_floating_check:
            t = check_at - start_shift;
            DEBUG_EXECUTE_r( what = "floating" );
@@ -1218,12 +1245,18 @@ s += len
 
 #define REXEC_FBC_EXACTISH_SCAN(CoNd)                     \
 STMT_START {                                              \
+    re_fold_t folder;                                   \
+    switch (OP(c)) {                                      \
+       case EXACTFU: folder = foldEQ_latin1; break;      \
+       case EXACTFL: folder = foldEQ_locale; break;      \
+       case EXACTF:  folder = foldEQ; break;             \
+       default:                                          \
+           Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: Unexpected op %u", OP(c)); \
+    }                                                     \
     while (s <= e) {                                      \
        if ( (CoNd)                                       \
-            && (ln == 1 || (OP(c) == EXACTF             \
-                             ? foldEQ(s, m, ln)           \
-                             : foldEQ_locale(s, m, ln)))  \
-            && (!reginfo || regtry(reginfo, &s)) )        \
+            && (ln == 1 || folder(s, m, ln))             \
+            && (!reginfo || regtry(reginfo, &s)) )       \
            goto got_it;                                  \
        s++;                                              \
     }                                                     \
@@ -1331,9 +1364,10 @@ S_find_byclass(pTHX_ regexp * prog, const regnode *c, char *s,
         
        /* We know what class it must start with. */
        switch (OP(c)) {
+       case ANYOFV:
        case ANYOF:
-           if (utf8_target) {
-                REXEC_FBC_UTF8_CLASS_SCAN((ANYOF_FLAGS(c) & ANYOF_UNICODE) ||
+           if (utf8_target || OP(c) == ANYOFV) {
+                REXEC_FBC_UTF8_CLASS_SCAN((ANYOF_FLAGS(c) & ANYOF_NONBITMAP) ||
                          !UTF8_IS_INVARIANT((U8)s[0]) ?
                          reginclass(prog, c, (U8*)s, 0, utf8_target) :
                          REGINCLASS(prog, c, (U8*)s));
@@ -1366,6 +1400,7 @@ S_find_byclass(pTHX_ regexp * prog, const regnode *c, char *s,
                    tmp = doevery;
            );
            break;
+       case EXACTFU:
        case EXACTF:
            m   = STRING(c);
            ln  = STR_LEN(c);   /* length to match in octets/bytes */
@@ -1405,7 +1440,18 @@ S_find_byclass(pTHX_ regexp * prog, const regnode *c, char *s,
            }
            else {
                c1 = *(U8*)m;
-               c2 = PL_fold[c1];
+               if (utf8_target || OP(c) == EXACTFU) {
+
+                   /* Micro sign folds to GREEK SMALL LETTER MU;
+                      LATIN_SMALL_LETTER_SHARP_S folds to 'ss', and this sets
+                      c2 to the first 's' of the pair, and the code below will
+                      look for others */
+                   c2 = (c1 == MICRO_SIGN)
+                       ? GREEK_SMALL_LETTER_MU
+                       : (c1 == LATIN_SMALL_LETTER_SHARP_S)
+                          ? 's'
+                          : PL_fold_latin1[c1];
+               } else c2 = PL_fold[c1];
            }
            goto do_exactf;
        case EXACTFL:
@@ -1506,12 +1552,19 @@ S_find_byclass(pTHX_ regexp * prog, const regnode *c, char *s,
                }
                );
            }
-           else {
+            else {  /* Not utf8 */
                tmp = (s != PL_bostr) ? UCHARAT(s - 1) : '\n';
-               tmp = ((OP(c) == BOUND ? isALNUM(tmp) : isALNUM_LC(tmp)) != 0);
+                tmp = cBOOL((OP(c) == BOUNDL)
+                            ? isALNUM_LC(tmp)
+                            : (isWORDCHAR_L1(tmp)
+                               && (isASCII(tmp) || (FLAGS(c) & USE_UNI))));
                REXEC_FBC_SCAN(
                    if (tmp ==
-                       !(OP(c) == BOUND ? isALNUM(*s) : isALNUM_LC(*s))) {
+                        !((OP(c) == BOUNDL)
+                          ? isALNUM_LC(*s)
+                          : (isWORDCHAR_L1((U8) *s)
+                             && (isASCII((U8) *s) || (FLAGS(c) & USE_UNI)))))
+                   {
                        tmp = !tmp;
                        REXEC_FBC_TRYIT;
                }
@@ -1544,12 +1597,19 @@ S_find_byclass(pTHX_ regexp * prog, const regnode *c, char *s,
            }
            else {
                tmp = (s != PL_bostr) ? UCHARAT(s - 1) : '\n';
-               tmp = ((OP(c) == NBOUND ?
-                       isALNUM(tmp) : isALNUM_LC(tmp)) != 0);
+                tmp = cBOOL((OP(c) == NBOUNDL)
+                            ? isALNUM_LC(tmp)
+                            : (isWORDCHAR_L1(tmp)
+                               && (isASCII(tmp) || (FLAGS(c) & USE_UNI))));
                REXEC_FBC_SCAN(
-                   if (tmp ==
-                       !(OP(c) == NBOUND ? isALNUM(*s) : isALNUM_LC(*s)))
+                   if (tmp == ! cBOOL(
+                            (OP(c) == NBOUNDL)
+                            ? isALNUM_LC(*s)
+                            : (isWORDCHAR_L1((U8) *s)
+                               && (isASCII((U8) *s) || (FLAGS(c) & USE_UNI)))))
+                    {
                        tmp = !tmp;
+                    }
                    else REXEC_FBC_TRYIT;
                );
            }
@@ -1560,7 +1620,7 @@ S_find_byclass(pTHX_ regexp * prog, const regnode *c, char *s,
            REXEC_FBC_CSCAN_PRELOAD(
                LOAD_UTF8_CHARCLASS_PERL_WORD(),
                swash_fetch(RE_utf8_perl_word, (U8*)s, utf8_target),
-               isALNUM(*s)
+                (FLAGS(c) & USE_UNI) ? isWORDCHAR_L1((U8) *s) : isALNUM(*s)
            );
        case ALNUML:
            REXEC_FBC_CSCAN_TAINT(
@@ -1571,7 +1631,7 @@ S_find_byclass(pTHX_ regexp * prog, const regnode *c, char *s,
            REXEC_FBC_CSCAN_PRELOAD(
                LOAD_UTF8_CHARCLASS_PERL_WORD(),
                !swash_fetch(RE_utf8_perl_word, (U8*)s, utf8_target),
-               !isALNUM(*s)
+                ! ((FLAGS(c) & USE_UNI) ? isWORDCHAR_L1((U8) *s) : isALNUM(*s))
            );
        case NALNUML:
            REXEC_FBC_CSCAN_TAINT(
@@ -1582,22 +1642,22 @@ S_find_byclass(pTHX_ regexp * prog, const regnode *c, char *s,
            REXEC_FBC_CSCAN_PRELOAD(
                LOAD_UTF8_CHARCLASS_PERL_SPACE(),
                *s == ' ' || swash_fetch(RE_utf8_perl_space,(U8*)s, utf8_target),
-               isSPACE(*s)
+                isSPACE_L1((U8) *s) && (isASCII((U8) *s) || (FLAGS(c) & USE_UNI))
            );
        case SPACEL:
            REXEC_FBC_CSCAN_TAINT(
-               *s == ' ' || isSPACE_LC_utf8((U8*)s),
+               isSPACE_LC_utf8((U8*)s),
                isSPACE_LC(*s)
            );
        case NSPACE:
            REXEC_FBC_CSCAN_PRELOAD(
                LOAD_UTF8_CHARCLASS_PERL_SPACE(),
                !(*s == ' ' || swash_fetch(RE_utf8_perl_space,(U8*)s, utf8_target)),
-               !isSPACE(*s)
+                !(isSPACE_L1((U8) *s) && (isASCII((U8) *s) || (FLAGS(c) & USE_UNI)))
            );
        case NSPACEL:
            REXEC_FBC_CSCAN_TAINT(
-               !(*s == ' ' || isSPACE_LC_utf8((U8*)s)),
+               !isSPACE_LC_utf8((U8*)s),
                !isSPACE_LC(*s)
            );
        case DIGIT:
@@ -1740,10 +1800,16 @@ S_find_byclass(pTHX_ regexp * prog, const regnode *c, char *s,
                                         PerlIO_printf( Perl_debug_log,
                                             " Scanning for legal start char...\n");
                                     }
-                                );            
-                                while ( uc <= (U8*)last_start  && !BITMAP_TEST(bitmap,*uc) ) {
-                                    uc++;
-                                }
+                                );
+                               if (utf8_target) {
+                                   while ( uc <= (U8*)last_start && !BITMAP_TEST(bitmap,*uc) ) {
+                                       uc += UTF8SKIP(uc);
+                                   }
+                               } else {
+                                   while ( uc <= (U8*)last_start  && !BITMAP_TEST(bitmap,*uc) ) {
+                                       uc++;
+                                   }
+                               }
                                 s= (char *)uc;
                             }
                             if (uc >(U8*)last_start) break;
@@ -2091,7 +2157,7 @@ Perl_regexec_flags(pTHX_ REGEXP * const rx, char *stringarg, register char *stre
        goto phooey;
     } else if (RXf_GPOS_CHECK == (prog->extflags & RXf_GPOS_CHECK)) 
     {
-        /* the warning about reginfo.ganch being used without intialization
+        /* the warning about reginfo.ganch being used without initialization
            is bogus -- we set it above, when prog->extflags & RXf_GPOS_SEEN 
            and we only enter this block when the same bit is set. */
         char *tmp_s = reginfo.ganch - prog->gofs;
@@ -2718,7 +2784,7 @@ The only exceptions to this are lookahead/behind assertions and the cut,
 (?>A), which pop all the backtrack states associated with A before
 continuing.
  
-Bascktrack state structs are allocated in slabs of about 4K in size.
+Backtrack state structs are allocated in slabs of about 4K in size.
 PL_regmatch_state and st always point to the currently active state,
 and PL_regmatch_slab points to the slab currently containing
 PL_regmatch_state.  The first time regmatch() is called, the first slab is
@@ -2937,7 +3003,7 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, regnode *prog)
     SV *popmark = NULL;     /* are we looking for a mark? */
     SV *sv_commit = NULL;   /* last mark name seen in failure */
     SV *sv_yes_mark = NULL; /* last mark name we have seen 
-                               during a successfull match */
+                               during a successful match */
     U32 lastopen = 0;       /* last open we saw */
     bool has_cutgroup = RX_HAS_CUTGROUP(rex) ? 1 : 0;   
     SV* const oreplsv = GvSV(PL_replgv);
@@ -3177,7 +3243,8 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, regnode *prog)
                                          "%*s  %smatched empty string...%s\n",
                                          REPORT_CODE_OFF+depth*2, "", PL_colors[4], PL_colors[5])
                         );
-                       break;
+                       if (!trie->jump)
+                           break;
                    } else {
                        DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(
                             PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
@@ -3427,7 +3494,7 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, regnode *prog)
                    ST.nextword,
                    tmp ? pv_pretty(sv, SvPV_nolen_const(*tmp), SvCUR(*tmp), 0,
                            PL_colors[0], PL_colors[1],
-                           (SvUTF8(*tmp) ? PERL_PV_ESCAPE_UNI : 0)
+                           (SvUTF8(*tmp) ? PERL_PV_ESCAPE_UNI : 0)|PERL_PV_ESCAPE_NONASCII
                        ) 
                    : "not compiled under -Dr",
                    PL_colors[5] );
@@ -3491,11 +3558,27 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, regnode *prog)
            nextchr = UCHARAT(locinput);
            break;
            }
-       case EXACTFL:
+       case EXACTFL: {
+           re_fold_t folder;
+           const U8 * fold_array;
+           const char * s;
+
            PL_reg_flags |= RF_tainted;
-           /* FALL THROUGH */
-       case EXACTF: {
-           char * const s = STRING(scan);
+           folder = foldEQ_locale;
+           fold_array = PL_fold_locale;
+           goto do_exactf;
+
+       case EXACTFU:
+           folder = foldEQ_latin1;
+           fold_array = PL_fold_latin1;
+           goto do_exactf;
+
+       case EXACTF:
+           folder = foldEQ;
+           fold_array = PL_fold;
+
+         do_exactf:
+           s = STRING(scan);
            ln = STR_LEN(scan);
 
            if (utf8_target || UTF_PATTERN) {
@@ -3528,19 +3611,18 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, regnode *prog)
 
            /* Inline the first character, for speed. */
            if (UCHARAT(s) != nextchr &&
-               UCHARAT(s) != ((OP(scan) == EXACTF)
-                              ? PL_fold : PL_fold_locale)[nextchr])
+               UCHARAT(s) != fold_array[nextchr])
+           {
                sayNO;
+           }
            if (PL_regeol - locinput < ln)
                sayNO;
-           if (ln > 1 && (OP(scan) == EXACTF
-                          ? ! foldEQ(s, locinput, ln)
-                          : ! foldEQ_locale(s, locinput, ln)))
+           if (ln > 1 && ! folder(s, locinput, ln))
                sayNO;
            locinput += ln;
            nextchr = UCHARAT(locinput);
            break;
-           }
+       }
        case BOUNDL:
        case NBOUNDL:
            PL_reg_flags |= RF_tainted;
@@ -3569,7 +3651,14 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, regnode *prog)
            else {
                ln = (locinput != PL_bostr) ?
                    UCHARAT(locinput - 1) : '\n';
-               if (OP(scan) == BOUND || OP(scan) == NBOUND) {
+               if (FLAGS(scan) & USE_UNI) {
+
+                    /* Here, can't be BOUNDL or NBOUNDL because they never set
+                     * the flags to USE_UNI */
+                    ln = isWORDCHAR_L1(ln);
+                    n = isWORDCHAR_L1(nextchr);
+                }
+                else if (OP(scan) == BOUND || OP(scan) == NBOUND) {
                    ln = isALNUM(ln);
                    n = isALNUM(nextchr);
                }
@@ -3582,45 +3671,36 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, regnode *prog)
                                    OP(scan) == BOUNDL))
                    sayNO;
            break;
+       case ANYOFV:
        case ANYOF:
-           if (utf8_target) {
+           if (utf8_target || state_num == ANYOFV) {
                STRLEN inclasslen = PL_regeol - locinput;
+               if (locinput >= PL_regeol)
+                   sayNO;
 
                if (!reginclass(rex, scan, (U8*)locinput, &inclasslen, utf8_target))
-                   goto anyof_fail;
-               if (locinput >= PL_regeol)
                    sayNO;
-               locinput += inclasslen ? inclasslen : UTF8SKIP(locinput);
+               locinput += inclasslen;
                nextchr = UCHARAT(locinput);
                break;
            }
            else {
                if (nextchr < 0)
                    nextchr = UCHARAT(locinput);
-               if (!REGINCLASS(rex, scan, (U8*)locinput))
-                   goto anyof_fail;
                if (!nextchr && locinput >= PL_regeol)
                    sayNO;
+               if (!REGINCLASS(rex, scan, (U8*)locinput))
+                   sayNO;
                nextchr = UCHARAT(++locinput);
                break;
            }
-       anyof_fail:
-           /* If we might have the case of the German sharp s
-            * in a casefolding Unicode character class. */
-
-           if (ANYOF_FOLD_SHARP_S(scan, locinput, PL_regeol)) {
-                locinput += SHARP_S_SKIP;
-                nextchr = UCHARAT(locinput);
-           }
-           else
-                sayNO;
            break;
        /* Special char classes - The defines start on line 129 or so */
-       CCC_TRY_AFF( ALNUM,  ALNUML, perl_word,   "a", isALNUM_LC_utf8, isALNUM, isALNUM_LC);
-       CCC_TRY_NEG(NALNUM, NALNUML, perl_word,   "a", isALNUM_LC_utf8, isALNUM, isALNUM_LC);
+        CCC_TRY_AFF_U( ALNUM,  ALNUML, perl_word,   "a", isALNUM_LC_utf8, isWORDCHAR_L1, isALNUM_LC);
+        CCC_TRY_NEG_U(NALNUM, NALNUML, perl_word,   "a", isALNUM_LC_utf8, isWORDCHAR_L1, isALNUM_LC);
 
-       CCC_TRY_AFF( SPACE,  SPACEL, perl_space,  " ", isSPACE_LC_utf8, isSPACE, isSPACE_LC);
-       CCC_TRY_NEG(NSPACE, NSPACEL, perl_space,  " ", isSPACE_LC_utf8, isSPACE, isSPACE_LC);
+        CCC_TRY_AFF_U( SPACE,  SPACEL, perl_space,  " ", isSPACE_LC_utf8, isSPACE_L1, isSPACE_LC);
+        CCC_TRY_NEG_U(NSPACE, NSPACEL, perl_space,  " ", isSPACE_LC_utf8, isSPACE_L1, isSPACE_LC);
 
        CCC_TRY_AFF( DIGIT,  DIGITL, posix_digit, "0", isDIGIT_LC_utf8, isDIGIT, isDIGIT_LC);
        CCC_TRY_NEG(NDIGIT, NDIGITL, posix_digit, "0", isDIGIT_LC_utf8, isDIGIT, isDIGIT_LC);
@@ -3839,31 +3919,74 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, regnode *prog)
            break;
             
        case NREFFL:
-       {
+       {   /* The capture buffer cases.  The ones beginning with N for the
+              named buffers just convert to the equivalent numbered and
+              pretend they were called as the corresponding numbered buffer
+              op.  */
+           /* don't initialize these, it makes C++ unhappy */
            char *s;
            char type;
+           re_fold_t folder;
+           const U8 *fold_array;
+
            PL_reg_flags |= RF_tainted;
-           /* FALL THROUGH */
-       case NREF:
+           folder = foldEQ_locale;
+           fold_array = PL_fold_locale;
+           type = REFFL;
+           goto do_nref;
+
+       case NREFFU:
+           folder = foldEQ_latin1;
+           fold_array = PL_fold_latin1;
+           type = REFFU;
+           goto do_nref;
+
        case NREFF:
-           type = OP(scan);
+           folder = foldEQ;
+           fold_array = PL_fold;
+           type = REFF;
+           goto do_nref;
+
+       case NREF:
+           type = REF;
+           folder = NULL;
+           fold_array = NULL;
+         do_nref:
+
+           /* For the named back references, find the corresponding buffer
+            * number */
            n = reg_check_named_buff_matched(rex,scan);
 
-            if ( n ) {
-                type = REF + ( type - NREF );
-                goto do_ref;
-            } else {
+            if ( ! n ) {
                 sayNO;
-            }
-            /* unreached */
+           }
+           goto do_nref_ref_common;
+
        case REFFL:
            PL_reg_flags |= RF_tainted;
-           /* FALL THROUGH */
+           folder = foldEQ_locale;
+           fold_array = PL_fold_locale;
+           goto do_ref;
+
+       case REFFU:
+           folder = foldEQ_latin1;
+           fold_array = PL_fold_latin1;
+           goto do_ref;
+
+       case REFF:
+           folder = foldEQ;
+           fold_array = PL_fold;
+           goto do_ref;
+
         case REF:
-       case REFF: 
-           n = ARG(scan);  /* which paren pair */
+           folder = NULL;
+           fold_array = NULL;
+
+         do_ref:
            type = OP(scan);
-         do_ref:  
+           n = ARG(scan);  /* which paren pair */
+
+         do_nref_ref_common:
            ln = PL_regoffs[n].start;
            PL_reg_leftiter = PL_reg_maxiter;           /* Void cache */
            if (*PL_reglastparen < n || ln == -1)
@@ -3872,49 +3995,40 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, regnode *prog)
                break;
 
            s = PL_bostr + ln;
-           if (utf8_target && type != REF) {   /* REF can do byte comparison */
-               char *l = locinput;
-               const char *e = PL_bostr + PL_regoffs[n].end;
-               /*
-                * Note that we can't do the "other character" lookup trick as
-                * in the 8-bit case (no pun intended) because in Unicode we
-                * have to map both upper and title case to lower case.
-                */
-               if (type == REFF) {
-                   while (s < e) {
-                       STRLEN ulen1, ulen2;
-                       U8 tmpbuf1[UTF8_MAXBYTES_CASE+1];
-                       U8 tmpbuf2[UTF8_MAXBYTES_CASE+1];
-
-                       if (l >= PL_regeol)
-                           sayNO;
-                       toLOWER_utf8((U8*)s, tmpbuf1, &ulen1);
-                       toLOWER_utf8((U8*)l, tmpbuf2, &ulen2);
-                       if (ulen1 != ulen2 || memNE((char *)tmpbuf1, (char *)tmpbuf2, ulen1))
-                           sayNO;
-                       s += ulen1;
-                       l += ulen2;
-                   }
+           if (type != REF     /* REF can do byte comparison */
+               && (utf8_target
+                    || (type == REFFU
+                        && (*s == (char) LATIN_SMALL_LETTER_SHARP_S
+                            || *locinput == (char) LATIN_SMALL_LETTER_SHARP_S))))
+           { /* XXX handle REFFL better */
+               char * limit = PL_regeol;
+
+               /* This call case insensitively compares the entire buffer
+                   * at s, with the current input starting at locinput, but
+                   * not going off the end given by PL_regeol, and returns in
+                   * limit upon success, how much of the current input was
+                   * matched */
+               if (! foldEQ_utf8(s, NULL, PL_regoffs[n].end - ln, utf8_target,
+                                   locinput, &limit, 0, utf8_target))
+               {
+                   sayNO;
                }
-               locinput = l;
+               locinput = limit;
                nextchr = UCHARAT(locinput);
                break;
            }
 
-           /* Inline the first character, for speed. */
+           /* Not utf8:  Inline the first character, for speed. */
            if (UCHARAT(s) != nextchr &&
                (type == REF ||
-                (UCHARAT(s) != (type == REFF
-                                 ? PL_fold : PL_fold_locale)[nextchr])))
+                UCHARAT(s) != fold_array[nextchr]))
                sayNO;
            ln = PL_regoffs[n].end - ln;
            if (locinput + ln > PL_regeol)
                sayNO;
            if (ln > 1 && (type == REF
                           ? memNE(s, locinput, ln)
-                          : (type == REFF
-                             ? ! foldEQ(s, locinput, ln)
-                             : ! foldEQ_locale(s, locinput, ln))))
+                          : ! folder(s, locinput, ln)))
                sayNO;
            locinput += ln;
            nextchr = UCHARAT(locinput);
@@ -3977,6 +4091,20 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ regmatch_info *reginfo, regnode *prog)
                char *saved_regeol = PL_regeol;
                struct re_save_state saved_state;
 
+               /* To not corrupt the existing regex state while executing the
+                * eval we would normally put it on the save stack, like with
+                * save_re_context. However, re-evals have a weird scoping so we
+                * can't just add ENTER/LEAVE here. With that, things like
+                *
+                *    (?{$a=2})(a(?{local$a=$a+1}))*aak*c(?{$b=$a})
+                *
+                * would break, as they expect the localisation to be unwound
+                * only when the re-engine backtracks through the bit that
+                * localised it.
+                *
+                * What we do instead is just saving the state in a local c
+                * variable.
+                */
                Copy(&PL_reg_state, &saved_state, 1, struct re_save_state);
 
                n = ARG(scan);
@@ -4782,12 +4910,12 @@ NULL
                    {
                        
                        ST.c1 = (U8)*STRING(text_node);
-                       ST.c2 =
-                           (IS_TEXTF(text_node))
-                           ? PL_fold[ST.c1]
-                           : (IS_TEXTFL(text_node))
-                               ? PL_fold_locale[ST.c1]
-                               : ST.c1;
+                       switch (OP(text_node)) {
+                           case EXACTF: ST.c2 = PL_fold[ST.c1]; break;
+                           case EXACTFU: ST.c2 = PL_fold_latin1[ST.c1]; break;
+                           case EXACTFL: ST.c2 = PL_fold_locale[ST.c1]; break;
+                           default: ST.c2 = ST.c1;
+                       }
                    }
                }
            }
@@ -4934,14 +5062,16 @@ NULL
                         if this changes back then the macro for IS_TEXT and 
                         friends need to change. */
                    if (!UTF_PATTERN) {
-                       ST.c2 = ST.c1 = *s;
-                       if (IS_TEXTF(text_node))
-                           ST.c2 = PL_fold[ST.c1];
-                       else if (IS_TEXTFL(text_node))
-                           ST.c2 = PL_fold_locale[ST.c1];
+                       ST.c1 = *s;
+                       switch (OP(text_node)) {
+                           case EXACTF: ST.c2 = PL_fold[ST.c1]; break;
+                           case EXACTFU: ST.c2 = PL_fold_latin1[ST.c1]; break;
+                           case EXACTFL: ST.c2 = PL_fold_locale[ST.c1]; break;
+                           default: ST.c2 = ST.c1; break;
+                       }
                    }
                    else { /* UTF_PATTERN */
-                       if (IS_TEXTF(text_node)) {
+                       if (IS_TEXTFU(text_node) || IS_TEXTF(text_node)) {
                             STRLEN ulen1, ulen2;
                             U8 tmpbuf1[UTF8_MAXBYTES_CASE+1];
                             U8 tmpbuf2[UTF8_MAXBYTES_CASE+1];
@@ -5407,7 +5537,7 @@ NULL
             n = ARG(scan);
             if ( n == (U32)what_len_TRICKYFOLD(locinput,utf8_target,ln) ) {
                 locinput += ln;
-            } else if ( 0xDF == n && !utf8_target && !UTF_PATTERN ) {
+            } else if ( LATIN_SMALL_LETTER_SHARP_S == n && !utf8_target && !UTF_PATTERN ) {
                 sayNO;
             } else  {
                 U8 folded[UTF8_MAXBYTES_CASE+1];
@@ -5693,24 +5823,102 @@ S_regrepeat(pTHX_ const regexp *prog, const regnode *p, I32 max, int depth)
     case CANY:
        scan = loceol;
        break;
-    case EXACT:                /* length of string is 1 */
-       c = (U8)*STRING(p);
-       while (scan < loceol && UCHARAT(scan) == c)
-           scan++;
-       break;
-    case EXACTF:       /* length of string is 1 */
+    case EXACT:
+       /* To get here, EXACTish nodes must have *byte* length == 1.  That
+        * means they match only characters in the string that can be expressed
+        * as a single byte.  For non-utf8 strings, that means a simple match.
+        * For utf8 strings, the character matched must be an invariant, or
+        * downgradable to a single byte.  The pattern's utf8ness is
+        * irrelevant, as since it's a single byte, it either isn't utf8, or if
+        * it is, it's an invariant */
+
        c = (U8)*STRING(p);
-       while (scan < loceol &&
-              (UCHARAT(scan) == c || UCHARAT(scan) == PL_fold[c]))
-           scan++;
+       assert(! UTF_PATTERN || UNI_IS_INVARIANT(c));
+
+       if (! utf8_target || UNI_IS_INVARIANT(c)) {
+           while (scan < loceol && UCHARAT(scan) == c) {
+               scan++;
+           }
+       }
+       else {
+
+           /* Here, the string is utf8, and the pattern char is different
+            * in utf8 than not, so can't compare them directly.  Outside the
+            * loop, find find the two utf8 bytes that represent c, and then
+            * look for those in sequence in the utf8 string */
+           U8 high = UTF8_TWO_BYTE_HI(c);
+           U8 low = UTF8_TWO_BYTE_LO(c);
+           loceol = PL_regeol;
+
+           while (hardcount < max
+                   && scan + 1 < loceol
+                   && UCHARAT(scan) == high
+                   && UCHARAT(scan + 1) == low)
+           {
+               scan += 2;
+               hardcount++;
+           }
+       }
        break;
-    case EXACTFL:      /* length of string is 1 */
+    case EXACTFL:
        PL_reg_flags |= RF_tainted;
+       /* FALL THROUGH */
+    case EXACTF:
+    case EXACTFU:
+
+       /* The comments for the EXACT case above apply as well to these fold
+        * ones */
+
        c = (U8)*STRING(p);
-       while (scan < loceol &&
-              (UCHARAT(scan) == c || UCHARAT(scan) == PL_fold_locale[c]))
-           scan++;
+       assert(! UTF_PATTERN || UNI_IS_INVARIANT(c));
+
+       if (utf8_target) { /* Use full Unicode fold matching */
+
+           /* For the EXACTFL case, It doesn't really make sense to compare
+            * locale and utf8, but it is best we can do.  The documents warn
+            * against mixing them */
+
+           char *tmpeol = loceol;
+           while (hardcount < max
+                   && foldEQ_utf8(scan, &tmpeol, 0, utf8_target,
+                                  STRING(p), NULL, 1, cBOOL(UTF_PATTERN)))
+           {
+               scan = tmpeol;
+               tmpeol = loceol;
+               hardcount++;
+           }
+
+           /* XXX Note that the above handles properly the German sharp s in
+            * the pattern matching ss in the string.  But it doesn't handle
+            * properly cases where the string contains say 'LIGATURE ff' and
+            * the pattern is 'f+'.  This would require, say, a new function or
+            * revised interface to foldEQ_utf8(), in which the maximum number
+            * of characters to match could be passed and it would return how
+            * many actually did.  This is just one of many cases where
+            * multi-char folds don't work properly, and so the fix is being
+            * deferred */
+       }
+       else {
+           U8 folded;
+
+           /* Here, the string isn't utf8 and c is a single byte; and either
+            * the pattern isn't utf8 or c is an invariant, so its utf8ness
+            * doesn't affect c.  Can just do simple comparisons for exact or
+            * fold matching. */
+           switch (OP(p)) {
+               case EXACTF: folded = PL_fold[c]; break;
+               case EXACTFU: folded = PL_fold_latin1[c]; break;
+               case EXACTFL: folded = PL_fold_locale[c]; break;
+               default: Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: Unexpected op %u", OP(p));
+           }
+           while (scan < loceol &&
+                  (UCHARAT(scan) == c || UCHARAT(scan) == folded))
+           {
+               scan++;
+           }
+       }
        break;
+    case ANYOFV:
     case ANYOF:
        if (utf8_target) {
            loceol = PL_regeol;
@@ -5729,13 +5937,19 @@ S_regrepeat(pTHX_ const regexp *prog, const regnode *p, I32 max, int depth)
            loceol = PL_regeol;
            LOAD_UTF8_CHARCLASS_ALNUM();
            while (hardcount < max && scan < loceol &&
-                  swash_fetch(PL_utf8_alnum, (U8*)scan, utf8_target)) {
+                   swash_fetch(PL_utf8_alnum, (U8*)scan, utf8_target))
+            {
                scan += UTF8SKIP(scan);
                hardcount++;
            }
+        } else if (FLAGS(p) & USE_UNI) {
+            while (scan < loceol && isWORDCHAR_L1((U8) *scan)) {
+                scan++;
+            }
        } else {
-           while (scan < loceol && isALNUM(*scan))
-               scan++;
+            while (scan < loceol && isALNUM((U8) *scan)) {
+                scan++;
+            }
        }
        break;
     case ALNUML:
@@ -5757,13 +5971,19 @@ S_regrepeat(pTHX_ const regexp *prog, const regnode *p, I32 max, int depth)
            loceol = PL_regeol;
            LOAD_UTF8_CHARCLASS_ALNUM();
            while (hardcount < max && scan < loceol &&
-                  !swash_fetch(PL_utf8_alnum, (U8*)scan, utf8_target)) {
+                   !swash_fetch(PL_utf8_alnum, (U8*)scan, utf8_target))
+            {
                scan += UTF8SKIP(scan);
                hardcount++;
            }
+        } else if (FLAGS(p) & USE_UNI) {
+            while (scan < loceol && ! isWORDCHAR_L1((U8) *scan)) {
+                scan++;
+            }
        } else {
-           while (scan < loceol && !isALNUM(*scan))
-               scan++;
+            while (scan < loceol && ! isALNUM((U8) *scan)) {
+                scan++;
+            }
        }
        break;
     case NALNUML:
@@ -5786,13 +6006,18 @@ S_regrepeat(pTHX_ const regexp *prog, const regnode *p, I32 max, int depth)
            LOAD_UTF8_CHARCLASS_SPACE();
            while (hardcount < max && scan < loceol &&
                   (*scan == ' ' ||
-                   swash_fetch(PL_utf8_space,(U8*)scan, utf8_target))) {
+                    swash_fetch(PL_utf8_space,(U8*)scan, utf8_target)))
+            {
                scan += UTF8SKIP(scan);
                hardcount++;
            }
+        } else if (FLAGS(p) & USE_UNI) {
+            while (scan < loceol && isSPACE_L1((U8) *scan)) {
+                scan++;
+            }
        } else {
-           while (scan < loceol && isSPACE(*scan))
-               scan++;
+            while (scan < loceol && isSPACE((U8) *scan))
+                scan++;
        }
        break;
     case SPACEL:
@@ -5800,7 +6025,7 @@ S_regrepeat(pTHX_ const regexp *prog, const regnode *p, I32 max, int depth)
        if (utf8_target) {
            loceol = PL_regeol;
            while (hardcount < max && scan < loceol &&
-                  (*scan == ' ' || isSPACE_LC_utf8((U8*)scan))) {
+                  isSPACE_LC_utf8((U8*)scan)) {
                scan += UTF8SKIP(scan);
                hardcount++;
            }
@@ -5815,13 +6040,19 @@ S_regrepeat(pTHX_ const regexp *prog, const regnode *p, I32 max, int depth)
            LOAD_UTF8_CHARCLASS_SPACE();
            while (hardcount < max && scan < loceol &&
                   !(*scan == ' ' ||
-                    swash_fetch(PL_utf8_space,(U8*)scan, utf8_target))) {
+                     swash_fetch(PL_utf8_space,(U8*)scan, utf8_target)))
+            {
                scan += UTF8SKIP(scan);
                hardcount++;
            }
+        } else if (FLAGS(p) & USE_UNI) {
+            while (scan < loceol && ! isSPACE_L1((U8) *scan)) {
+                scan++;
+            }
        } else {
-           while (scan < loceol && !isSPACE(*scan))
-               scan++;
+            while (scan < loceol && ! isSPACE((U8) *scan)) {
+                scan++;
+            }
        }
        break;
     case NSPACEL:
@@ -5829,7 +6060,7 @@ S_regrepeat(pTHX_ const regexp *prog, const regnode *p, I32 max, int depth)
        if (utf8_target) {
            loceol = PL_regeol;
            while (hardcount < max && scan < loceol &&
-                  !(*scan == ' ' || isSPACE_LC_utf8((U8*)scan))) {
+                  !isSPACE_LC_utf8((U8*)scan)) {
                scan += UTF8SKIP(scan);
                hardcount++;
            }
@@ -5852,6 +6083,20 @@ S_regrepeat(pTHX_ const regexp *prog, const regnode *p, I32 max, int depth)
                scan++;
        }
        break;
+    case DIGITL:
+       PL_reg_flags |= RF_tainted;
+       if (utf8_target) {
+           loceol = PL_regeol;
+           while (hardcount < max && scan < loceol &&
+                  isDIGIT_LC_utf8((U8*)scan)) {
+               scan += UTF8SKIP(scan);
+               hardcount++;
+           }
+       } else {
+           while (scan < loceol && isDIGIT_LC(*scan))
+               scan++;
+       }
+       break;
     case NDIGIT:
        if (utf8_target) {
            loceol = PL_regeol;
@@ -5865,6 +6110,20 @@ S_regrepeat(pTHX_ const regexp *prog, const regnode *p, I32 max, int depth)
            while (scan < loceol && !isDIGIT(*scan))
                scan++;
        }
+    case NDIGITL:
+       PL_reg_flags |= RF_tainted;
+       if (utf8_target) {
+           loceol = PL_regeol;
+           while (hardcount < max && scan < loceol &&
+                  !isDIGIT_LC_utf8((U8*)scan)) {
+               scan += UTF8SKIP(scan);
+               hardcount++;
+           }
+       } else {
+           while (scan < loceol && !isDIGIT_LC(*scan))
+               scan++;
+       }
+       break;
     case LNBREAK:
         if (utf8_target) {
            loceol = PL_regeol;
@@ -6017,80 +6276,364 @@ Perl_regclass_swash(pTHX_ const regexp *prog, register const regnode* node, bool
 /*
  - reginclass - determine if a character falls into a character class
  
-  The n is the ANYOF regnode, the p is the target string, lenp
-  is pointer to the maximum length of how far to go in the p
-  (if the lenp is zero, UTF8SKIP(p) is used),
-  utf8_target tells whether the target string is in UTF-8.
+  n is the ANYOF regnode
+  p is the target string
+  lenp is pointer to the maximum number of bytes of how far to go in p
+    (This is assumed wthout checking to always be at least the current
+    character's size)
+  utf8_target tells whether p is in UTF-8.
+
+  Returns true if matched; false otherwise.  If lenp is not NULL, on return
+  from a successful match, the value it points to will be updated to how many
+  bytes in p were matched.  If there was no match, the value is undefined,
+  possibly changed from the input.
+
+  Note that this can be a synthetic start class, a combination of various
+  nodes, so things you think might be mutually exclusive, such as locale,
+  aren't.  It can match both locale and non-locale
 
  */
 
 STATIC bool
-S_reginclass(pTHX_ const regexp *prog, register const regnode *n, register const U8* p, STRLEN* lenp, register bool utf8_target)
+S_reginclass(pTHX_ const regexp * const prog, register const regnode * const n, register const U8* const p, STRLEN* lenp, register const bool utf8_target)
 {
     dVAR;
     const char flags = ANYOF_FLAGS(n);
     bool match = FALSE;
     UV c = *p;
-    STRLEN len = 0;
-    STRLEN plen;
+    STRLEN c_len = 0;
+    STRLEN maxlen;
 
     PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_REGINCLASS;
 
+    /* If c is not already the code point, get it */
     if (utf8_target && !UTF8_IS_INVARIANT(c)) {
-       c = utf8n_to_uvchr(p, UTF8_MAXBYTES, &len,
+       c = utf8n_to_uvchr(p, UTF8_MAXBYTES, &c_len,
                (UTF8_ALLOW_DEFAULT & UTF8_ALLOW_ANYUV)
                | UTF8_ALLOW_FFFF | UTF8_CHECK_ONLY);
                /* see [perl #37836] for UTF8_ALLOW_ANYUV; [perl #38293] for
                 * UTF8_ALLOW_FFFF */
-       if (len == (STRLEN)-1) 
+       if (c_len == (STRLEN)-1)
            Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Malformed UTF-8 character (fatal)");
     }
+    else {
+       c_len = 1;
+    }
+
+    /* Use passed in max length, or one character if none passed in or less
+     * than one character.  And assume will match just one character.  This is
+     * overwritten later if matched more. */
+    if (lenp) {
+       maxlen = (*lenp > c_len) ? *lenp : c_len;
+       *lenp = c_len;
+
+    }
+    else {
+       maxlen = c_len;
+    }
+
+    /* If this character is potentially in the bitmap, check it */
+    if (c < 256) {
+       if (ANYOF_BITMAP_TEST(n, c))
+           match = TRUE;
+       else if (flags & ANYOF_NON_UTF8_LATIN1_ALL
+               && ! utf8_target
+               && ! isASCII(c))
+       {
+           match = TRUE;
+       }
 
-    plen = lenp ? *lenp : UNISKIP(NATIVE_TO_UNI(c));
-    if (utf8_target || (flags & ANYOF_UNICODE)) {
-        if (lenp)
-           *lenp = 0;
-       if (utf8_target && !ANYOF_RUNTIME(n)) {
-           if (len != (STRLEN)-1 && c < 256 && ANYOF_BITMAP_TEST(n, c))
+       else if (flags & ANYOF_LOCALE) {
+           PL_reg_flags |= RF_tainted;
+
+           if ((flags & ANYOF_LOC_NONBITMAP_FOLD)
+                && ANYOF_BITMAP_TEST(n, PL_fold_locale[c]))
+           {
                match = TRUE;
+           }
+           else if (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST_ANY_SET(n) &&
+                    ((ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_ALNUM)   &&  isALNUM_LC(c))  ||
+                     (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_NALNUM)  && !isALNUM_LC(c))  ||
+                     (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_SPACE)   &&  isSPACE_LC(c))  ||
+                     (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_NSPACE)  && !isSPACE_LC(c))  ||
+                     (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_DIGIT)   &&  isDIGIT_LC(c))  ||
+                     (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_NDIGIT)  && !isDIGIT_LC(c))  ||
+                     (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_ALNUMC)  &&  isALNUMC_LC(c)) ||
+                     (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_NALNUMC) && !isALNUMC_LC(c)) ||
+                     (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_ALPHA)   &&  isALPHA_LC(c))  ||
+                     (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_NALPHA)  && !isALPHA_LC(c))  ||
+                     (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_ASCII)   &&  isASCII(c))     ||
+                     (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_NASCII)  && !isASCII(c))     ||
+                     (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_CNTRL)   &&  isCNTRL_LC(c))  ||
+                     (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_NCNTRL)  && !isCNTRL_LC(c))  ||
+                     (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_GRAPH)   &&  isGRAPH_LC(c))  ||
+                     (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_NGRAPH)  && !isGRAPH_LC(c))  ||
+                     (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_LOWER)   &&  isLOWER_LC(c))  ||
+                     (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_NLOWER)  && !isLOWER_LC(c))  ||
+                     (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_PRINT)   &&  isPRINT_LC(c))  ||
+                     (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_NPRINT)  && !isPRINT_LC(c))  ||
+                     (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_PUNCT)   &&  isPUNCT_LC(c))  ||
+                     (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_NPUNCT)  && !isPUNCT_LC(c))  ||
+                     (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_UPPER)   &&  isUPPER_LC(c))  ||
+                     (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_NUPPER)  && !isUPPER_LC(c))  ||
+                     (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_XDIGIT)  &&  isXDIGIT(c))    ||
+                     (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_NXDIGIT) && !isXDIGIT(c))    ||
+                     (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_PSXSPC)  &&  isPSXSPC(c))    ||
+                     (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_NPSXSPC) && !isPSXSPC(c))    ||
+                     (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_BLANK)   &&  isBLANK(c))     ||
+                     (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_NBLANK)  && !isBLANK(c))
+                    ) /* How's that for a conditional? */
+           ) {
+               match = TRUE;
+           }
        }
-       if (!match && utf8_target && (flags & ANYOF_UNICODE_ALL) && c >= 256)
-           match = TRUE;
-       if (!match) {
+    }
+
+    /* If the bitmap didn't (or couldn't) match, and something outside the
+     * bitmap could match, try that */
+    if (!match) {
+       if (utf8_target && (flags & ANYOF_UNICODE_ALL)) {
+           if (c >= 256
+               || ((flags & ANYOF_LOC_NONBITMAP_FOLD) /* Latin1 1 that has a
+                                                         non-Latin1 fold
+                                                         should match */
+                   && _HAS_NONLATIN1_FOLD_CLOSURE_ONLY_FOR_USE_BY_REGCOMP_DOT_C_AND_REGEXEC_DOT_C(c)))
+           {
+               match = TRUE;
+           }
+       }
+       if (!match && ((flags & ANYOF_NONBITMAP_NON_UTF8)
+                      || (utf8_target && flags & ANYOF_UTF8)))
+       {
            AV *av;
            SV * const sw = regclass_swash(prog, n, TRUE, 0, (SV**)&av);
-       
+
            if (sw) {
                U8 * utf8_p;
                if (utf8_target) {
                    utf8_p = (U8 *) p;
                } else {
-                   STRLEN len = 1;
+
+                   /* Not utf8.  Convert as much of the string as available up
+                    * to the limit of how far the (single) character in the
+                    * pattern can possibly match (no need to go further).  If
+                    * the node is a straight ANYOF or not folding, it can't
+                    * match more than one.  Otherwise, It can match up to how
+                    * far a single char can fold to.  Since not utf8, each
+                    * character is a single byte, so the max it can be in
+                    * bytes is the same as the max it can be in characters */
+                   STRLEN len = (OP(n) == ANYOF
+                                 || ! (flags & ANYOF_LOC_NONBITMAP_FOLD))
+                                 ? 1
+                                 : (maxlen < UTF8_MAX_FOLD_CHAR_EXPAND)
+                                   ? maxlen
+                                   : UTF8_MAX_FOLD_CHAR_EXPAND;
                    utf8_p = bytes_to_utf8(p, &len);
                }
-               if (swash_fetch(sw, utf8_p, 1))
+
+               if (swash_fetch(sw, utf8_p, 1)) /* See if in the swash */
                    match = TRUE;
-               else if (flags & ANYOF_FOLD) {
-                   if (!match && lenp && av) {
+               else if (flags & ANYOF_LOC_NONBITMAP_FOLD) {
+
+                   /* Here, we need to test if the fold of the target string
+                    * matches.  In the case of a multi-char fold that is
+                    * caught by regcomp.c, it has stored all such folds into
+                    * 'av'; we linearly check to see if any match the target
+                    * string (folded).   We know that the originals were each
+                    * one character, but we don't currently know how many
+                    * characters/bytes each folded to, except we do know that
+                    * there are small limits imposed by Unicode.  XXX A
+                    * performance enhancement would be to have regcomp.c store
+                    * the max number of chars/bytes that are in an av entry,
+                    * as, say the 0th element.  Even better would be to have a
+                    * hash of the few characters that can start a multi-char
+                    * fold to the max number of chars of those folds.
+                    *
+                    * Further down, if there isn't a
+                    * match in the av, we will check if there is another
+                    * fold-type match.  For that, we also need the fold, but
+                    * only the first character.  No sense in folding it twice,
+                    * so we do it here, even if there isn't any multi-char
+                    * fold, so we always fold at least the first character.
+                    * If the node is a straight ANYOF node, or there is only
+                    * one character available in the string, or if there isn't
+                    * any av, that's all we have to fold.  In the case of a
+                    * multi-char fold, we do have guarantees in Unicode that
+                    * it can only expand up to so many characters and so many
+                    * bytes.  We keep track so don't exceed either.
+                    *
+                    * If there is a match, we will need to advance (if lenp is
+                    * specified) the match pointer in the target string.  But
+                    * what we are comparing here isn't that string directly,
+                    * but its fold, whose length may differ from the original.
+                    * As we go along in constructing the fold, therefore, we
+                    * create a map so that we know how many bytes in the
+                    * source to advance given that we have matched a certain
+                    * number of bytes in the fold.  This map is stored in
+                    * 'map_fold_len_back'.  The first character in the fold
+                    * has array element 1 contain the number of bytes in the
+                    * source that folded to it; the 2nd is the cumulative
+                    * number to match it; ... */
+                   U8 map_fold_len_back[UTF8_MAX_FOLD_CHAR_EXPAND] = { 0 };
+                   U8 folded[UTF8_MAXBYTES_CASE+1];
+                   STRLEN foldlen = 0; /* num bytes in fold of 1st char */
+                   STRLEN foldlen_for_av; /* num bytes in fold of all chars */
+
+                   if (OP(n) == ANYOF || maxlen == 1 || ! lenp || ! av) {
+
+                       /* Here, only need to fold the first char of the target
+                        * string */
+                       to_utf8_fold(utf8_p, folded, &foldlen);
+                       foldlen_for_av = foldlen;
+                       map_fold_len_back[1] = UTF8SKIP(utf8_p);
+                   }
+                   else {
+
+                       /* Here, need to fold more than the first char.  Do so
+                        * up to the limits */
+                       UV which_char = 0;
+                       U8* source_ptr = utf8_p;    /* The source for the fold
+                                                      is the regex target
+                                                      string */
+                       U8* folded_ptr = folded;
+                       U8* e = utf8_p + maxlen;    /* Can't go beyond last
+                                                      available byte in the
+                                                      target string */
+                       while (which_char < UTF8_MAX_FOLD_CHAR_EXPAND
+                              && source_ptr < e)
+                       {
+
+                           /* Fold the next character */
+                           U8 this_char_folded[UTF8_MAXBYTES_CASE+1];
+                           STRLEN this_char_foldlen;
+                           to_utf8_fold(source_ptr,
+                                        this_char_folded,
+                                        &this_char_foldlen);
+
+                           /* Bail if it would exceed the byte limit for
+                            * folding a single char. */
+                           if (this_char_foldlen + folded_ptr - folded >
+                                                           UTF8_MAXBYTES_CASE)
+                           {
+                               break;
+                           }
+
+                           /* Save the first character's folded length, in
+                            * case we have to use it later */
+                           if (! foldlen) {
+                               foldlen = this_char_foldlen;
+                           }
+
+                           /* Here, add the fold of this character */
+                           Copy(this_char_folded,
+                                folded_ptr,
+                                this_char_foldlen,
+                                U8);
+                           which_char++;
+                           map_fold_len_back[which_char] =
+                               map_fold_len_back[which_char - 1]
+                               + UTF8SKIP(source_ptr);
+                           folded_ptr += this_char_foldlen;
+                           source_ptr += UTF8SKIP(source_ptr);
+                       }
+                       *folded_ptr = '\0';
+                       foldlen_for_av = folded_ptr - folded;
+                   }
+
+
+                   /* Do the linear search to see if the fold is in the list
+                    * of multi-char folds.  (Useless to look if won't be able
+                    * to store that it is a multi-char fold in *lenp) */
+                   if (lenp && av) {
                        I32 i;
                        for (i = 0; i <= av_len(av); i++) {
                            SV* const sv = *av_fetch(av, i, FALSE);
                            STRLEN len;
                            const char * const s = SvPV_const(sv, len);
-                           if (len <= plen && memEQ(s, (char*)utf8_p, len)) {
-                               *lenp = len;
+                           if (len <= foldlen_for_av && memEQ(s,
+                                                              (char*)folded,
+                                                              len))
+                           {
+
+                               /* Advance the target string ptr to account for
+                                * this fold, but have to translate from the
+                                * folded length to the corresponding source
+                                * length.  The array is indexed by how many
+                                * characters in the match */
+                               *lenp = map_fold_len_back[
+                                       utf8_length(folded, folded + len)];
                                match = TRUE;
                                break;
                            }
                        }
                    }
-                   if (!match) {
-                       U8 tmpbuf[UTF8_MAXBYTES_CASE+1];
+                   if (!match) { /* See if the folded version matches */
+                       SV** listp;
+
+                       /* Consider "k" =~ /[K]/i.  The line above would have
+                        * just folded the 'k' to itself, and that isn't going
+                        * to match 'K'.  So we look through the closure of
+                        * everything that folds to 'k'.  That will find the
+                        * 'K'.  Initialize the list, if necessary */
+                       if (! PL_utf8_foldclosures) {
+
+                           /* If the folds haven't been read in, call a fold
+                            * function to force that */
+                           if (! PL_utf8_tofold) {
+                               U8 dummy[UTF8_MAXBYTES+1];
+                               STRLEN dummy_len;
+                               to_utf8_fold((U8*) "A", dummy, &dummy_len);
+                           }
+                           PL_utf8_foldclosures =
+                                 _swash_inversion_hash(PL_utf8_tofold);
+                       }
 
-                       STRLEN tmplen;
-                       to_utf8_fold(utf8_p, tmpbuf, &tmplen);
-                       if (swash_fetch(sw, tmpbuf, 1))
-                           match = TRUE;
+                       /* The data structure is a hash with the keys every
+                        * character that is folded to, like 'k', and the
+                        * values each an array of everything that folds to its
+                        * key.  e.g. [ 'k', 'K', KELVIN_SIGN ] */
+                       if ((listp = hv_fetch(PL_utf8_foldclosures,
+                                     (char *) folded, foldlen, FALSE)))
+                       {
+                           AV* list = (AV*) *listp;
+                           IV i;
+                           for (i = 0; i <= av_len(list); i++) {
+                               SV** try_p = av_fetch(list, i, FALSE);
+                               char* try_c;
+                               if (try_p == NULL) {
+                                   Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: invalid PL_utf8_foldclosures structure");
+                               }
+                               /* Don't have to worry about embedded nulls
+                                * since NULL isn't folded or foldable */
+                               try_c = SvPVX(*try_p);
+
+                               /* The fold in a few cases  of an above Latin1
+                                * char is in the Latin1 range, and hence may
+                                * be in the bitmap */
+                               if (UTF8_IS_INVARIANT(*try_c)
+                                   && ANYOF_BITMAP_TEST(n,
+                                                   UNI_TO_NATIVE(*try_c)))
+                               {
+                                   match = TRUE;
+                                   break;
+                               }
+                               else if
+                                   (UTF8_IS_DOWNGRADEABLE_START(*try_c)
+                                    && ANYOF_BITMAP_TEST(n, UNI_TO_NATIVE(
+                                               TWO_BYTE_UTF8_TO_UNI(try_c[0],
+                                                                   try_c[1]))))
+                               {
+                                  /* Since the fold comes from internally
+                                   * generated data, we can safely assume it
+                                   * is valid utf8 in the test above */
+                                   match = TRUE;
+                                   break;
+                               } else if (swash_fetch(sw, (U8*) try_c, 1)) {
+                                   match = TRUE;
+                                   break;
+                               }
+                           }
+                       }
                    }
                }
 
@@ -6098,63 +6641,6 @@ S_reginclass(pTHX_ const regexp *prog, register const regnode *n, register const
                if (! utf8_target) Safefree(utf8_p);
            }
        }
-       if (match && lenp && *lenp == 0)
-           *lenp = UNISKIP(NATIVE_TO_UNI(c));
-    }
-    if (!match && c < 256) {
-       if (ANYOF_BITMAP_TEST(n, c))
-           match = TRUE;
-       else if (flags & ANYOF_FOLD) {
-           U8 f;
-
-           if (flags & ANYOF_LOCALE) {
-               PL_reg_flags |= RF_tainted;
-               f = PL_fold_locale[c];
-           }
-           else
-               f = PL_fold[c];
-           if (f != c && ANYOF_BITMAP_TEST(n, f))
-               match = TRUE;
-       }
-       
-       if (!match && (flags & ANYOF_CLASS)) {
-           PL_reg_flags |= RF_tainted;
-           if (
-               (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_ALNUM)   &&  isALNUM_LC(c))  ||
-               (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_NALNUM)  && !isALNUM_LC(c))  ||
-               (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_SPACE)   &&  isSPACE_LC(c))  ||
-               (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_NSPACE)  && !isSPACE_LC(c))  ||
-               (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_DIGIT)   &&  isDIGIT_LC(c))  ||
-               (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_NDIGIT)  && !isDIGIT_LC(c))  ||
-               (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_ALNUMC)  &&  isALNUMC_LC(c)) ||
-               (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_NALNUMC) && !isALNUMC_LC(c)) ||
-               (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_ALPHA)   &&  isALPHA_LC(c))  ||
-               (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_NALPHA)  && !isALPHA_LC(c))  ||
-               (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_ASCII)   &&  isASCII(c))     ||
-               (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_NASCII)  && !isASCII(c))     ||
-               (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_CNTRL)   &&  isCNTRL_LC(c))  ||
-               (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_NCNTRL)  && !isCNTRL_LC(c))  ||
-               (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_GRAPH)   &&  isGRAPH_LC(c))  ||
-               (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_NGRAPH)  && !isGRAPH_LC(c))  ||
-               (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_LOWER)   &&  isLOWER_LC(c))  ||
-               (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_NLOWER)  && !isLOWER_LC(c))  ||
-               (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_PRINT)   &&  isPRINT_LC(c))  ||
-               (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_NPRINT)  && !isPRINT_LC(c))  ||
-               (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_PUNCT)   &&  isPUNCT_LC(c))  ||
-               (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_NPUNCT)  && !isPUNCT_LC(c))  ||
-               (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_UPPER)   &&  isUPPER_LC(c))  ||
-               (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_NUPPER)  && !isUPPER_LC(c))  ||
-               (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_XDIGIT)  &&  isXDIGIT(c))    ||
-               (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_NXDIGIT) && !isXDIGIT(c))    ||
-               (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_PSXSPC)  &&  isPSXSPC(c))    ||
-               (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_NPSXSPC) && !isPSXSPC(c))    ||
-               (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_BLANK)   &&  isBLANK(c))     ||
-               (ANYOF_CLASS_TEST(n, ANYOF_NBLANK)  && !isBLANK(c))
-               ) /* How's that for a conditional? */
-           {
-               match = TRUE;
-           }
-       }
     }
 
     return (flags & ANYOF_INVERT) ? !match : match;