=head1 DESCRIPTION
-The single feature most sorely lacking in the Perl programming language
-prior to its 5.0 release was complex data structures. Even without direct
-language support, some valiant programmers did manage to emulate them, but
-it was hard work and not for the faint of heart. You could occasionally
-get away with the C<$m{$AoA,$b}> notation borrowed from B<awk> in which the
-keys are actually more like a single concatenated string C<"$AoA$b">, but
-traversal and sorting were difficult. More desperate programmers even
-hacked Perl's internal symbol table directly, a strategy that proved hard
-to develop and maintain--to put it mildly.
-
-The 5.0 release of Perl let us have complex data structures. You
-may now write something like this and all of a sudden, you'd have an array
-with three dimensions!
+Perl lets us have complex data structures. You can write something like
+this and all of a sudden, you'd have an array with three dimensions!
for $x (1 .. 10) {
for $y (1 .. 10) {
confusing. If so, just think of it as the difference between a structure
and a pointer to a structure.
-You can (and should) read more about references in the perlref(1) man
-page. Briefly, references are rather like pointers that know what they
+You can (and should) read more about references in L<perlref>.
+Briefly, references are rather like pointers that know what they
point to. (Objects are also a kind of reference, but we won't be needing
them right away--if ever.) This means that when you have something which
looks to you like an access to a two-or-more-dimensional array and/or hash,
X<array of arrays, debugging> X<hash of arrays, debugging>
X<array of hashes, debugging> X<hash of hashes, debugging>
-Before version 5.002, the standard Perl debugger didn't do a very nice job of
-printing out complex data structures. With 5.002 or above, the
-debugger includes several new features, including command line editing as
-well as the C<x> command to dump out complex data structures. For
-example, given the assignment to $AoA above, here's the debugger output:
+You can use the debugger's C<x> command to dump out complex data structures.
+For example, given the assignment to $AoA above, here's the debugger output:
DB<1> x $AoA
$AoA = ARRAY(0x13b5a0)
=head1 SEE ALSO
-perlref(1), perllol(1), perldata(1), perlobj(1)
+L<perlref>, L<perllol>, L<perldata>, L<perlobj>
=head1 AUTHOR
Tom Christiansen <F<tchrist@perl.com>>
-
-Last update:
-Wed Oct 23 04:57:50 MET DST 1996