-
-This document is written in pod format hence there are punctuation
-characters in odd places. Do not worry, you've apparently got
-the ASCII->EBCDIC translation worked out correctly. You can read
-more about pod in pod/perlpod.pod or the short summary in the
-INSTALL file.
+This document is written in pod format hence there are punctuation
+characters in odd places. Do not worry, you've apparently got the
+ASCII->EBCDIC translation worked out correctly. You can read more
+about pod in pod/perlpod.pod or the short summary in the INSTALL file.
=head1 NAME
-README.os390 - building and installing Perl for OS/390.
+README.os390 - building and installing Perl for OS/390 and z/OS
=head1 SYNOPSIS
This document will help you Configure, build, test and install Perl
-on OS/390 Unix System Services.
+on OS/390 (aka z/OS) Unix System Services.
=head1 DESCRIPTION
-This is a fully ported Perl for OS/390 Version 2 Release 3, 5, 6, 7,
-8, and 9. It may work on other versions or releases, but those are
+This is a fully ported Perl for OS/390 Version 2 Release 3, 5, 6, 7,
+8, and 9. It may work on other versions or releases, but those are
the ones we've tested it on.
-You may need to carry out some system configuration tasks before
-running the Configure script for Perl.
+You may need to carry out some system configuration tasks before
+running the Configure script for Perl.
+
+
+=head2 Tools
+
+The z/OS Unix Tools and Toys list may prove helpful and contains links
+to ports of much of the software helpful for building Perl.
+http://www-1.ibm.com/servers/eserver/zseries/zos/unix/bpxa1toy.html
-=head2 Unpacking
+
+=head2 Unpacking Perl distribution on OS/390
+
+If using ftp remember to transfer the distribution in binary format.
Gunzip/gzip for OS/390 is discussed at:
- http://www.s390.ibm.com/products/oe/bpxqp1.html
+ http://www-1.ibm.com/servers/eserver/zseries/zos/unix/faq/bpxqp1.html
to extract an ASCII tar archive on OS/390, try this:
pax -o to=IBM-1047,from=ISO8859-1 -r < latest.tar
-=head2 Setup and utilities
+If you get lots of errors of the form
+
+ tar: FSUM7171 ...: cannot set uid/gid: EDC5139I Operation not permitted.
+ tar: FSUM7148 cannot create file "...": EDC5111I Permission denied.
+
+you didn't read the above and tried to use tar instead of pax, you'll
+first have to remove the (now corrupt) perl directory
+
+ rm -rf perl-...
+
+and then use pax.
+
+=head2 Setup and utilities for Perl on OS/390
Be sure that your yacc installation is in place including any necessary
parser template files. If you have not already done so then be sure to:
cp /samples/yyparse.c /etc
-This may also be a good time to ensure that your /etc/protocol file
+This may also be a good time to ensure that your /etc/protocol file
and either your /etc/resolv.conf or /etc/hosts files are in place.
The IBM document that described such USS system setup issues was
SC28-1890-07 "OS/390 UNIX System Services Planning", in particular
Chapter 6 on customizing the OE shell.
-GNU make for OS/390, which is recommended for the build of perl (as well as
-building CPAN modules and extensions), is available from:
-
- http://www.mks.com/s390/gnu/index.htm
+GNU make for OS/390, which is recommended for the build of perl (as
+well as building CPAN modules and extensions), is available from the
+L</Tools>.
-Some people have reported encountering "Out of memory!" errors while
-trying to build Perl using GNU make binaries. If you encounter such
-trouble then try to download the source code kit and build GNU make
-from source to eliminate any such trouble. You might also find GNU make
-(as well as Perl and Apache) in the red-piece/book "Open Source Software
+Some people have reported encountering "Out of memory!" errors while
+trying to build Perl using GNU make binaries. If you encounter such
+trouble then try to download the source code kit and build GNU make
+from source to eliminate any such trouble. You might also find GNU make
+(as well as Perl and Apache) in the red-piece/book "Open Source Software
for OS/390 UNIX", SG24-5944-00 from IBM.
-If instead of the recommended GNU make you would like to use the system
-supplied make program then be sure to install the default rules file
+If instead of the recommended GNU make you would like to use the system
+supplied make program then be sure to install the default rules file
properly via the shell command:
cp /samples/startup.mk /etc
#define SO_REUSEPORT 0x0200 /* allow local address & port
reuse */ /
-You could edit that header yourself to remove that last '/', or you might
-note that Language Environment (LE) APAR PQ39997 describes the problem
+You could edit that header yourself to remove that last '/', or you might
+note that Language Environment (LE) APAR PQ39997 describes the problem
and PTF's UQ46272 and UQ46271 are the (R8 at least) fixes and apply them.
-If left unattended that syntax error will turn up as an inability for Perl
+If left unattended that syntax error will turn up as an inability for Perl
to build its "Socket" extension.
-For successful testing you may need to turn on the sticky bit for your
+For successful testing you may need to turn on the sticky bit for your
world readable /tmp directory if you have not already done so (see man chmod).
-=head2 Configure
+=head2 Configure Perl on OS/390
-Once you've unpacked the distribution, run "sh Configure" (see INSTALL
-for a full discussion of the Configure options). There is a "hints" file
+Once you've unpacked the distribution, run "sh Configure" (see INSTALL
+for a full discussion of the Configure options). There is a "hints" file
for os390 that specifies the correct values for most things. Some things
to watch out for include:
Some of the parser default template files in /samples are needed in /etc.
In particular be sure that you at least copy /samples/yyparse.c to /etc
before running Perl's Configure. This step ensures successful extraction
-of EBCDIC versions of parser files such as perly.c. This has to be done
-before running Configure the first time. If you failed to do so then the
-easiest way to re-Configure Perl is to delete your misconfigured build root
-and re extract the source from the tar ball. If for some reason you do not
-want to do that then, after ensuring that /etc/yyparse.c is properly in place
-run the following commands from within the Perl build directory:
-
- rm -f y.tab.c y.tab.h
- yacc -d perly.y
- mv -f y.tab.c perly.c
- chmod u+w perly.c
- sed -e '/^#include "perl\.h"/a\
- \
- #define yydebug PL_yydebug\
- #define yynerrs PL_yynerrs\
- #define yyerrflag PL_yyerrflag\
- #define yychar PL_yychar\
- #define yyval PL_yyval\
- #define yylval PL_yylval' \
- -e '/YYSTYPE *yyval;/D' \
- -e '/YYSTYPE *yylval;/D' \
- -e '/int yychar,/,/yynerrs;/D' \
- -e 's/int yydebug = 0;/yydebug = 0;/' \
- -e 's/[^_]realloc(/PerlMem_realloc(/g' \
- -e 's/fprintf *( *stderr *,/PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,/g' \
- -e 's/y\.tab/perly/g' perly.c >perly.tmp
- mv -f perly.tmp perly.c
- mv -f y.tab.h perly.h
- cd x2p
- rm -f y.tab.c y.tab.h
- yacc a2p.y
- mv -f y.tab.c a2p.c
- chmod u+w a2p.c
- sed -e 's/fprintf *( *stderr *,/PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,/g' \
- -e 's/y\.tab/a2p/g' a2p.c >a2p.tmp
- mv -f a2p.tmp a2p.c
- mv -f y.tab.h a2p.h
- cd ..
-
-There, easy huh? If you find typing all that in difficult then perhaps
-you should reconsider the rm -rf of the perl build directory and
-re extraction of the source tar ball.
+of EBCDIC versions of parser files such as perly.c, perly.h, and x2p/a2p.c.
+This has to be done before running Configure the first time. If you failed
+to do so then the easiest way to re-Configure Perl is to delete your
+misconfigured build root and re-extract the source from the tar ball.
+Then you must ensure that /etc/yyparse.c is properly in place before
+attempting to re-run Configure.
=item *
If you build with dynamic loading then you will need to add the
$archlibexp/CORE directory to your LIBPATH environment variable in order
for perl to work. See the config.sh file for the value of $archlibexp.
+If in trying to use Perl you see an error message similar to:
+
+ CEE3501S The module libperl.dll was not found.
+ From entry point __dllstaticinit at compile unit offset +00000194 at
+
+then your LIBPATH does not have the location of libperl.x and either
+libperl.dll or libperl.so in it. Add that directory to your LIBPATH and
+proceed.
=item *
gethostbyname() works, and make sure that the file
/etc/proto has been renamed to /etc/protocol (NOT
/etc/protocols, as used by other Unix systems).
+You may have to look for things like HOSTNAME and DOMAINORIGIN
+in the "//'SYS1.TCPPARMS(TCPDATA)'" PDS member in order to
+properly set up your /etc networking files.
=back
-=head2 Build, test, install
+=head2 Build, Test, Install Perl on OS/390
Simply put:
on how you answered the questions that Configure asked and whether
or not you have write access to the directories you specified.
-=head2 build anomalies
+=head2 Build Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
"Out of memory!" messages during the build of Perl are most often fixed
by re building the GNU make utility for OS/390 from a source code kit.
Another memory limiting item to check is your MAXASSIZE parameter in your
'SYS1.PARMLIB(BPXPRMxx)' data set (note too that as of V2R8 address space
-limits can be set on a per user ID basis in the USS segment of a RACF
+limits can be set on a per user ID basis in the USS segment of a RACF
profile). People have reported successful builds of Perl with MAXASSIZE
parameters as small as 503316480 (and it may be possible to build Perl
with a MAXASSIZE smaller than that).
-Within USS your /etc/profile or $HOME/.profile may limit your ulimit
+Within USS your /etc/profile or $HOME/.profile may limit your ulimit
settings. Check that the following command returns reasonable values:
ulimit -a
Socket extension then be sure to fix the syntax error in the system
header /usr/include/sys/socket.h.
-=head2 testing anomalies
+=head2 Testing Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
The `make test` step runs a Perl Verification Procedure, usually before
installation. You might encounter STDERR messages even during a successful
from an account with write access to the directory entry for /tmp.
+=item *
+
+Out of Memory!
+
+Recent perl test suite is quite memory hunrgy. In addition to the comments
+above on memory limitations it is also worth checking for _CEE_RUNOPTS
+in your environment. Perl now has (in miniperlmain.c) a C #pragma
+to set CEE run options, but the environment variable wins.
+
+The C code asks for:
+
+ #pragma runopts(HEAP(2M,500K,ANYWHERE,KEEP,8K,4K) STACK(,,ANY,) ALL31(ON))
+
+The important parts of that are the second argument (the increment) to HEAP,
+and allowing the stack to be "Above the (16M) line". If the heap
+increment is too small then when perl (for example loading unicode/Name.pl) tries
+to create a "big" (400K+) string it cannot fit in a single segment
+and you get "Out of Memory!" - even if there is still plenty of memory
+available.
+
+A related issue is use with perl's malloc. Perl's malloc uses C<sbrk()>
+to get memory, and C<sbrk()> is limited to the first allocation so in this
+case something like:
+
+ HEAP(8M,500K,ANYWHERE,KEEP,8K,4K)
+
+is needed to get through the test suite.
+
+
=back
-=head2 installation anomalies
+=head2 Installation Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
The installman script will try to run on OS/390. There will be fewer errors
-if you have a roff utility installed. You can obtain GNU groff from the
+if you have a roff utility installed. You can obtain GNU groff from the
Redbook SG24-5944-00 ftp site.
-=head2 Usage Hints
+=head2 Usage Hints for Perl on OS/390
When using perl on OS/390 please keep in mind that the EBCDIC and ASCII
-character sets are different. See perlebcdic.pod for more on such character
-set issues. Perl builtin functions that may behave differently under
+character sets are different. See perlebcdic.pod for more on such character
+set issues. Perl builtin functions that may behave differently under
EBCDIC are also mentioned in the perlport.pod document.
-Open Edition (UNIX System Services) from V2R8 onward does support
-#!/path/to/perl script invocation. There is a PTF available from
+Open Edition (UNIX System Services) from V2R8 onward does support
+#!/path/to/perl script invocation. There is a PTF available from
IBM for V2R7 that will allow shell/kernel support for #!. USS
-releases prior to V2R7 did not support the #! means of script invocation.
+releases prior to V2R7 did not support the #! means of script invocation.
If you are running V2R6 or earlier then see:
head `whence perldoc`
for an example of how to use the "eval exec" trick to ask the shell to
have Perl run your scripts on those older releases of Unix System Services.
-=head2 Floating point anomalies
+If you are having trouble with square brackets then consider switching your
+rlogin or telnet client. Try to avoid older 3270 emulators and ISHELL for
+working with Perl on USS.
-There appears to be a bug in the floating point implementation on S/390
-systems such that calling int() on the product of a number and a small
-magnitude number is not the same as calling int() on the quotient of
-that number and a large magnitude number. For example, in the following
+=head2 Floating Point Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
+
+There appears to be a bug in the floating point implementation on S/390
+systems such that calling int() on the product of a number and a small
+magnitude number is not the same as calling int() on the quotient of
+that number and a large magnitude number. For example, in the following
Perl code:
my $x = 100000.0;
my $z = int($x / 1e+5) * 1e5; # '100000'
print "\$y is $y and \$z is $z\n"; # $y is 0 and $z is 100000
-Although one would expect the quantities $y and $z to be the same and equal
+Although one would expect the quantities $y and $z to be the same and equal
to 100000 they will differ and instead will be 0 and 100000 respectively.
The problem can be further examined in a roughly equivalent C program:
/* y is 0.000000e+00 and z is 1.000000e+05 (with c89) */
}
-=head2 Modules and Extensions
+=head2 Modules and Extensions for Perl on OS/390
Pure pure (that is non xs) modules may be installed via the usual:
If you built perl with dynamic loading capability then that would also
be the way to build xs based extensions. However, if you built perl with
-the default static linking you can still build xs based extensions for OS/390
-but you will need to follow the instructions in ExtUtils::MakeMaker for building
-statically linked perl binaries. In the simplest configurations building
-a static perl + xs extension boils down to:
+the default static linking you can still build xs based extensions for OS/390
+but you will need to follow the instructions in ExtUtils::MakeMaker for
+building statically linked perl binaries. In the simplest configurations
+building a static perl + xs extension boils down to:
perl Makefile.PL
make
make install
make -f Makefile.aperl inst_perl MAP_TARGET=perl
-In most cases people have reported better results with GNU make rather
+In most cases people have reported better results with GNU make rather
than the system's /bin/make program, whether for plain modules or for
xs based extensions.
L<INSTALL>, L<perlport>, L<perlebcdic>, L<ExtUtils::MakeMaker>.
- http://www.mks.com/s390/gnu/index.htm
+ http://www-1.ibm.com/servers/eserver/zseries/zos/unix/bpxa1toy.html
http://www.redbooks.ibm.com/abstracts/sg245944.html
- http://www.s390.ibm.com/products/oe/bpxa1ty1.html#opensrc
-
- http://www.s390.ibm.com/products/oe/portbk/bpxacenv.html
+ http://www-1.ibm.com/servers/eserver/zseries/zos/unix/bpxa1ty1.html#opensrc
http://www.xray.mpe.mpg.de/mailing-lists/perl-mvs/
-=head2 Mailing list
+ http://publibz.boulder.ibm.com:80/cgi-bin/bookmgr_OS390/BOOKS/ceea3030/
-The Perl Institute (http://www.perl.org/) maintains a perl-mvs
-mailing list of interest to all folks building and/or
-using perl on all EBCDIC platforms (not just OS/390).
-To subscribe, send a message of:
+ http://publibz.boulder.ibm.com:80/cgi-bin/bookmgr_OS390/BOOKS/CBCUG030/
- subscribe perl-mvs
+=head2 Mailing list for Perl on OS/390
-to majordomo@perl.org. See also:
+If you are interested in the VM/ESA, z/OS (formerly known as OS/390)
+and POSIX-BC (BS2000) ports of Perl then see the perl-mvs mailing list.
+To subscribe, send an empty message to perl-mvs-subscribe@perl.org.
+
+See also:
http://lists.perl.org/showlist.cgi?name=perl-mvs
This document was podified for the 5.005_03 release of Perl 11 March 1999.
+Updated 28 November 2001 for broken URLs.
+
Updated 12 November 2000 for the 5.7.1 release of Perl.
Updated 15 January 2001 for the 5.7.1 release of Perl.
Updated 24 January 2001 to mention dynamic loading.
+Updated 12 March 2001 to mention //'SYS1.TCPPARMS(TCPDATA)'.
+
=cut
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