/* utf8.h
*
- * Copyright (c) 1998-2001, Larry Wall
+ * Copyright (C) 2000, 2001, 2002, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009 by Larry Wall and others
*
* You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
* License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
*
*/
+/* Use UTF-8 as the default script encoding?
+ * Turning this on will break scripts having non-UTF-8 binary
+ * data (such as Latin-1) in string literals. */
+#ifdef USE_UTF8_SCRIPTS
+# define USE_UTF8_IN_NAMES (!IN_BYTES)
+#else
+# define USE_UTF8_IN_NAMES (PL_hints & HINT_UTF8)
+#endif
+
+/* Source backward compatibility. */
+#define uvuni_to_utf8(d, uv) uvuni_to_utf8_flags(d, uv, 0)
+#define is_utf8_string_loc(s, len, ep) is_utf8_string_loclen(s, len, ep, 0)
+
+/*
+=for apidoc ibcmp_utf8
+
+This is a synonym for (! foldEQ_utf8())
+
+=cut
+*/
+#define ibcmp_utf8(s1, pe1, l1, u1, s2, pe2, l2, u2) \
+ cBOOL(! foldEQ_utf8(s1, pe1, l1, u1, s2, pe2, l2, u2))
+
+#ifdef EBCDIC
+/* The equivalent of these macros but implementing UTF-EBCDIC
+ are in the following header file:
+ */
+
+#include "utfebcdic.h"
+
+#else /* ! EBCDIC */
START_EXTERN_C
#ifdef DOINIT
END_EXTERN_C
-#define UTF8_MAXLEN 13 /* how wide can a single UTF8 encoded character become */
+/* Native character to iso-8859-1 */
+#define NATIVE_TO_ASCII(ch) (ch)
+#define ASCII_TO_NATIVE(ch) (ch)
+/* Transform after encoding */
+#define NATIVE_TO_UTF(ch) (ch)
+#define UTF_TO_NATIVE(ch) (ch)
+/* Transforms in wide UV chars */
+#define UNI_TO_NATIVE(ch) (ch)
+#define NATIVE_TO_UNI(ch) (ch)
+/* Transforms in invariant space */
+#define NATIVE_TO_NEED(enc,ch) (ch)
+#define ASCII_TO_NEED(enc,ch) (ch)
-/* #define IN_UTF8 (PL_curcop->op_private & HINT_UTF8) */
-#define IN_BYTE (PL_curcop->op_private & HINT_BYTE)
-#define DO_UTF8(sv) (SvUTF8(sv) && !IN_BYTE)
+/* As there are no translations, avoid the function wrapper */
+#define utf8n_to_uvchr utf8n_to_uvuni
+#define uvchr_to_utf8 uvuni_to_utf8
-#define UTF8_ALLOW_EMPTY 0x0001
-#define UTF8_ALLOW_CONTINUATION 0x0002
-#define UTF8_ALLOW_NON_CONTINUATION 0x0004
-#define UTF8_ALLOW_FE_FF 0x0008
-#define UTF8_ALLOW_SHORT 0x0010
-#define UTF8_ALLOW_SURROGATE 0x0020
-#define UTF8_ALLOW_BOM 0x0040
-#define UTF8_ALLOW_FFFF 0x0080
-#define UTF8_ALLOW_LONG 0x0100
-#define UTF8_ALLOW_ANYUV (UTF8_ALLOW_EMPTY|UTF8_ALLOW_FE_FF|\
- UTF8_ALLOW_SURROGATE|UTF8_ALLOW_BOM|\
- UTF8_ALLOW_FFFF|UTF8_ALLOW_LONG)
-#define UTF8_ALLOW_ANY 0x00ff
-#define UTF8_CHECK_ONLY 0x0100
+/*
-#define UNICODE_SURROGATE_FIRST 0xd800
-#define UNICODE_SURROGATE_LAST 0xdfff
-#define UNICODE_REPLACEMENT 0xfffd
-#define UNICODE_BYTER_ORDER_MARK 0xfffe
-#define UNICODE_ILLEGAL 0xffff
+ The following table is from Unicode 3.2.
-#define UNICODE_IS_SURROGATE(c) ((c) >= UNICODE_SURROGATE_FIRST && \
- (c) <= UNICODE_SURROGATE_LAST)
-#define UNICODE_IS_REPLACEMENT(c) ((c) == UNICODE_REPLACMENT)
-#define UNICODE_IS_BYTE_ORDER_MARK(c) ((c) == UNICODE_BYTER_ORDER_MARK)
-#define UNICODE_IS_ILLEGAL(c) ((c) == UNICODE_ILLEGAL)
+ Code Points 1st Byte 2nd Byte 3rd Byte 4th Byte
-#define UTF8SKIP(s) PL_utf8skip[*(U8*)s]
+ U+0000..U+007F 00..7F
+ U+0080..U+07FF * C2..DF 80..BF
+ U+0800..U+0FFF E0 * A0..BF 80..BF
+ U+1000..U+CFFF E1..EC 80..BF 80..BF
+ U+D000..U+D7FF ED 80..9F 80..BF
+ U+D800..U+DFFF +++++++ utf16 surrogates, not legal utf8 +++++++
+ U+E000..U+FFFF EE..EF 80..BF 80..BF
+ U+10000..U+3FFFF F0 * 90..BF 80..BF 80..BF
+ U+40000..U+FFFFF F1..F3 80..BF 80..BF 80..BF
+ U+100000..U+10FFFF F4 80..8F 80..BF 80..BF
-#define UTF8_QUAD_MAX UINT64_C(0x1000000000)
+Note the gaps before several of the byte entries above marked by '*'. These are
+caused by legal UTF-8 avoiding non-shortest encodings: it is technically
+possible to UTF-8-encode a single code point in different ways, but that is
+explicitly forbidden, and the shortest possible encoding should always be used
+(and that is what Perl does).
+
+ */
/*
-
- The following table is from Unicode 3.1.
+ Another way to look at it, as bits:
- Code Points 1st Byte 2nd Byte 3rd Byte 4th Byte
+ Code Points 1st Byte 2nd Byte 3rd Byte 4th Byte
- U+0000..U+007F 00..7F
- U+0080..U+07FF C2..DF 80..BF
- U+0800..U+0FFF E0 A0..BF 80..BF
- U+1000..U+FFFF E1..EF 80..BF 80..BF
- U+10000..U+3FFFF F0 90..BF 80..BF 80..BF
- U+40000..U+FFFFF F1..F3 80..BF 80..BF 80..BF
- U+100000..U+10FFFF F4 80..8F 80..BF 80..BF
+ 0aaaaaaa 0aaaaaaa
+ 00000bbbbbaaaaaa 110bbbbb 10aaaaaa
+ ccccbbbbbbaaaaaa 1110cccc 10bbbbbb 10aaaaaa
+ 00000dddccccccbbbbbbaaaaaa 11110ddd 10cccccc 10bbbbbb 10aaaaaa
- */
+As you can see, the continuation bytes all begin with C<10>, and the
+leading bits of the start byte tell how many bytes there are in the
+encoded character.
+
+Perl's extended UTF-8 means we can have start bytes up to FF.
-#define UTF8_IS_ASCII(c) (((U8)c) < 0x80)
-#define UTF8_IS_START(c) (((U8)c) >= 0xc0 && (((U8)c) <= 0xfd))
+*/
+
+
+#define UNI_IS_INVARIANT(c) (((UV)c) < 0x80)
+/* Note that C0 and C1 are invalid in legal UTF8, so the lower bound of the
+ * below might ought to be C2 */
+#define UTF8_IS_START(c) (((U8)c) >= 0xc0)
#define UTF8_IS_CONTINUATION(c) (((U8)c) >= 0x80 && (((U8)c) <= 0xbf))
#define UTF8_IS_CONTINUED(c) (((U8)c) & 0x80)
-#define UTF8_IS_DOWNGRADEABLE_START(c) (((U8)c & 0xfc) != 0xc0)
+#define UTF8_IS_DOWNGRADEABLE_START(c) (((U8)c & 0xfc) == 0xc0)
-#define UTF8_CONTINUATION_MASK ((U8)0x3f)
-#define UTF8_ACCUMULATION_SHIFT 6
-#define UTF8_ACCUMULATE(old, new) ((old) << UTF8_ACCUMULATION_SHIFT | (((U8)new) & UTF8_CONTINUATION_MASK))
+#define UTF_START_MARK(len) (((len) > 7) ? 0xFF : (0xFE << (7-(len))))
+#define UTF_START_MASK(len) (((len) >= 7) ? 0x00 : (0x1F >> ((len)-2)))
-#define UTF8_EIGHT_BIT_HI(c) ( (((U8)(c))>>6) |0xc0)
-#define UTF8_EIGHT_BIT_LO(c) (((((U8)(c)) )&0x3f)|0x80)
+#define UTF_CONTINUATION_MARK 0x80
+#define UTF_ACCUMULATION_SHIFT 6
+#define UTF_CONTINUATION_MASK ((U8)0x3f)
#ifdef HAS_QUAD
#define UNISKIP(uv) ( (uv) < 0x80 ? 1 : \
(uv) < 0x200000 ? 4 : \
(uv) < 0x4000000 ? 5 : \
(uv) < 0x80000000 ? 6 : \
- (uv) < UTF8_QUAD_MAX ? 7 : 13 )
+ (uv) < UTF8_QUAD_MAX ? 7 : 13 )
#else
/* No, I'm not even going to *TRY* putting #ifdef inside a #define */
#define UNISKIP(uv) ( (uv) < 0x80 ? 1 : \
(uv) < 0x80000000 ? 6 : 7 )
#endif
+#endif /* EBCDIC vs ASCII */
+
+/* Rest of these are attributes of Unicode and perl's internals rather than the
+ * encoding, or happen to be the same in both ASCII and EBCDIC (at least at
+ * this level; the macros that some of these call may have different
+ * definitions in the two encodings */
+
+#define NATIVE8_TO_UNI(ch) NATIVE_TO_ASCII(ch) /* a clearer synonym */
+
+#define UTF8_ACCUMULATE(old, new) (((old) << UTF_ACCUMULATION_SHIFT) | (((U8)new) & UTF_CONTINUATION_MASK))
+
+/* Convert a two (not one) byte utf8 character to a unicode code point value.
+ * Needs just one iteration of accumulate. Should not be used unless it is
+ * known that the two bytes are legal: 1) two-byte start, and 2) continuation.
+ * Note that the result can be larger than 255 if the input character is not
+ * downgradable */
+#define TWO_BYTE_UTF8_TO_UNI(HI, LO) \
+ UTF8_ACCUMULATE((NATIVE_TO_UTF(HI) & UTF_START_MASK(2)), \
+ NATIVE_TO_UTF(LO))
+
+#define UTF8SKIP(s) PL_utf8skip[*(const U8*)(s)]
+
+#define UTF8_IS_INVARIANT(c) UNI_IS_INVARIANT(NATIVE_TO_UTF(c))
+#define NATIVE_IS_INVARIANT(c) UNI_IS_INVARIANT(NATIVE8_TO_UNI(c))
+
+#define MAX_PORTABLE_UTF8_TWO_BYTE 0x3FF /* constrained by EBCDIC */
+
+/* The macros in the next sets are used to generate the two utf8 or utfebcdic
+ * bytes from an ordinal that is known to fit into two bytes; it must be less
+ * than 0x3FF to work across both encodings. */
+/* Nocast allows these to be used in the case label of a switch statement */
+#define UTF8_TWO_BYTE_HI_nocast(c) UTF_TO_NATIVE(((c) >> UTF_ACCUMULATION_SHIFT) | (0xFF & UTF_START_MARK(2)))
+#define UTF8_TWO_BYTE_LO_nocast(c) UTF_TO_NATIVE(((c) & UTF_CONTINUATION_MASK) | UTF_CONTINUATION_MARK)
+
+#define UTF8_TWO_BYTE_HI(c) ((U8) (UTF8_TWO_BYTE_HI_nocast(c)))
+#define UTF8_TWO_BYTE_LO(c) ((U8) (UTF8_TWO_BYTE_LO_nocast(c)))
+
+/* This name is used when the source is a single byte */
+#define UTF8_EIGHT_BIT_HI(c) UTF8_TWO_BYTE_HI((U8)(c))
+#define UTF8_EIGHT_BIT_LO(c) UTF8_TWO_BYTE_LO((U8)(c))
/*
* Note: we try to be careful never to call the isXXX_utf8() functions
- * unless we're pretty sure we've seen the beginning of a UTF-8 character
- * (that is, the two high bits are set). Otherwise we risk loading in the
- * heavy-duty SWASHINIT and SWASHGET routines unnecessarily.
+ * unless we're pretty sure we've seen the beginning of a UTF-8 or UTFEBCDIC
+ * character. Otherwise we risk loading in the heavy-duty swash_init and
+ * swash_fetch routines unnecessarily.
*/
-#ifdef EBCDIC
-#define isIDFIRST_lazy_if(p,c) isIDFIRST(*(p))
-#define isALNUM_lazy_if(p,c) isALNUM(*(p))
-#else
-#define isIDFIRST_lazy_if(p,c) ((IN_BYTE || (!c || (*((U8*)p) < 0xc0))) \
+#define isIDFIRST_lazy_if(p,c) ((IN_BYTES || (!c || ! UTF8_IS_START(*((const U8*)p)))) \
? isIDFIRST(*(p)) \
- : isIDFIRST_utf8((U8*)p))
-#define isALNUM_lazy_if(p,c) ((IN_BYTE || (!c || (*((U8*)p) < 0xc0))) \
+ : isIDFIRST_utf8((const U8*)p))
+#define isALNUM_lazy_if(p,c) ((IN_BYTES || (!c || ! UTF8_IS_START(*((const U8*)p)))) \
? isALNUM(*(p)) \
- : isALNUM_utf8((U8*)p))
-#endif
+ : isALNUM_utf8((const U8*)p))
+
#define isIDFIRST_lazy(p) isIDFIRST_lazy_if(p,1)
#define isALNUM_lazy(p) isALNUM_lazy_if(p,1)
+
+#define UTF8_MAXBYTES 13
+/* How wide can a single UTF-8 encoded character become in bytes.
+ * NOTE: Strictly speaking Perl's UTF-8 should not be called UTF-8
+ * since UTF-8 is an encoding of Unicode and given Unicode's current
+ * upper limit only four bytes is possible. Perl thinks of UTF-8
+ * as a way to encode non-negative integers in a binary format. */
+#define UTF8_MAXLEN UTF8_MAXBYTES
+
+/* The maximum number of UTF-8 bytes a single Unicode character can
+ * uppercase/lowercase/fold into; this number depends on the Unicode
+ * version. An example of maximal expansion is the U+03B0 which
+ * uppercases to U+03C5 U+0308 U+0301. The Unicode databases that
+ * tell these things are UnicodeData.txt, CaseFolding.txt, and
+ * SpecialCasing.txt. */
+#define UTF8_MAXBYTES_CASE 6
+
+#define IN_BYTES (CopHINTS_get(PL_curcop) & HINT_BYTES)
+#define DO_UTF8(sv) (SvUTF8(sv) && !IN_BYTES)
+#define IN_UNI_8_BIT ( (CopHINTS_get(PL_curcop) & HINT_UNI_8_BIT) \
+ && ! IN_LOCALE_RUNTIME && ! IN_BYTES)
+
+#define UTF8_ALLOW_EMPTY 0x0001
+#define UTF8_ALLOW_CONTINUATION 0x0002
+#define UTF8_ALLOW_NON_CONTINUATION 0x0004
+#define UTF8_ALLOW_FE_FF 0x0008 /* Allow FE or FF start bytes, \
+ yields above 0x7fffFFFF = 31 bits */
+#define UTF8_ALLOW_SHORT 0x0010 /* expecting more bytes */
+#define UTF8_ALLOW_SURROGATE 0x0020
+#define UTF8_ALLOW_FFFF 0x0040 /* Allow UNICODE_ILLEGAL */
+#define UTF8_ALLOW_LONG 0x0080 /* expecting fewer bytes */
+#define UTF8_ALLOW_ANYUV (UTF8_ALLOW_EMPTY|UTF8_ALLOW_FE_FF|\
+ UTF8_ALLOW_SURROGATE|UTF8_ALLOW_FFFF)
+#define UTF8_ALLOW_ANY 0x00FF
+#define UTF8_CHECK_ONLY 0x0200
+#define UTF8_ALLOW_DEFAULT (ckWARN(WARN_UTF8) ? 0 : \
+ UTF8_ALLOW_ANYUV)
+
+#define UNICODE_SURROGATE_FIRST 0xD800
+#define UNICODE_SURROGATE_LAST 0xDFFF
+#define UNICODE_REPLACEMENT 0xFFFD
+#define UNICODE_BYTE_ORDER_MARK 0xFEFF
+#define UNICODE_ILLEGAL 0xFFFF
+
+/* Though our UTF-8 encoding can go beyond this,
+ * let's be conservative and do as Unicode 5.1 says. */
+#define PERL_UNICODE_MAX 0x10FFFF
+
+#define UNICODE_ALLOW_SURROGATE 0x0001 /* Allow UTF-16 surrogates (EVIL) */
+#define UNICODE_ALLOW_FDD0 0x0002 /* Allow the U+FDD0...U+FDEF */
+#define UNICODE_ALLOW_FFFF 0x0004 /* Allow U+FFF[EF], U+1FFF[EF], ... */
+#define UNICODE_ALLOW_SUPER 0x0008 /* Allow past 0x10FFFF */
+#define UNICODE_ALLOW_ANY 0x000F
+
+#define UNICODE_IS_SURROGATE(c) ((c) >= UNICODE_SURROGATE_FIRST && \
+ (c) <= UNICODE_SURROGATE_LAST)
+#define UNICODE_IS_REPLACEMENT(c) ((c) == UNICODE_REPLACEMENT)
+#define UNICODE_IS_BYTE_ORDER_MARK(c) ((c) == UNICODE_BYTE_ORDER_MARK)
+#define UNICODE_IS_ILLEGAL(c) ((c) == UNICODE_ILLEGAL)
+
+#ifdef HAS_QUAD
+# define UTF8_QUAD_MAX UINT64_C(0x1000000000)
+#endif
+
+#define UNICODE_GREEK_CAPITAL_LETTER_SIGMA 0x03A3
+#define UNICODE_GREEK_SMALL_LETTER_FINAL_SIGMA 0x03C2
+#define UNICODE_GREEK_SMALL_LETTER_SIGMA 0x03C3
+#define GREEK_SMALL_LETTER_MU 0x03BC
+
+#define UNI_DISPLAY_ISPRINT 0x0001
+#define UNI_DISPLAY_BACKSLASH 0x0002
+#define UNI_DISPLAY_QQ (UNI_DISPLAY_ISPRINT|UNI_DISPLAY_BACKSLASH)
+#define UNI_DISPLAY_REGEX (UNI_DISPLAY_ISPRINT|UNI_DISPLAY_BACKSLASH)
+
+#ifndef EBCDIC
+# define LATIN_SMALL_LETTER_SHARP_S 0x00DF
+# define LATIN_SMALL_LETTER_Y_WITH_DIAERESIS 0x00FF
+# define MICRO_SIGN 0x00B5
+#endif
+
+#define ANYOF_FOLD_SHARP_S(node, input, end) \
+ (ANYOF_BITMAP_TEST(node, LATIN_SMALL_LETTER_SHARP_S) && \
+ (ANYOF_FLAGS(node) & ANYOF_NONBITMAP) && \
+ (ANYOF_FLAGS(node) & ANYOF_FOLD) && \
+ ((end) > (input) + 1) && \
+ toLOWER((input)[0]) == 's' && \
+ toLOWER((input)[1]) == 's')
+#define SHARP_S_SKIP 2
+
+#ifdef EBCDIC
+/* IS_UTF8_CHAR() is not ported to EBCDIC */
+#else
+#define IS_UTF8_CHAR_1(p) \
+ ((p)[0] <= 0x7F)
+#define IS_UTF8_CHAR_2(p) \
+ ((p)[0] >= 0xC2 && (p)[0] <= 0xDF && \
+ (p)[1] >= 0x80 && (p)[1] <= 0xBF)
+#define IS_UTF8_CHAR_3a(p) \
+ ((p)[0] == 0xE0 && \
+ (p)[1] >= 0xA0 && (p)[1] <= 0xBF && \
+ (p)[2] >= 0x80 && (p)[2] <= 0xBF)
+#define IS_UTF8_CHAR_3b(p) \
+ ((p)[0] >= 0xE1 && (p)[0] <= 0xEC && \
+ (p)[1] >= 0x80 && (p)[1] <= 0xBF && \
+ (p)[2] >= 0x80 && (p)[2] <= 0xBF)
+#define IS_UTF8_CHAR_3c(p) \
+ ((p)[0] == 0xED && \
+ (p)[1] >= 0x80 && (p)[1] <= 0xBF && \
+ (p)[2] >= 0x80 && (p)[2] <= 0xBF)
+/* In IS_UTF8_CHAR_3c(p) one could use
+ * (p)[1] >= 0x80 && (p)[1] <= 0x9F
+ * if one wanted to exclude surrogates. */
+#define IS_UTF8_CHAR_3d(p) \
+ ((p)[0] >= 0xEE && (p)[0] <= 0xEF && \
+ (p)[1] >= 0x80 && (p)[1] <= 0xBF && \
+ (p)[2] >= 0x80 && (p)[2] <= 0xBF)
+#define IS_UTF8_CHAR_4a(p) \
+ ((p)[0] == 0xF0 && \
+ (p)[1] >= 0x90 && (p)[1] <= 0xBF && \
+ (p)[2] >= 0x80 && (p)[2] <= 0xBF && \
+ (p)[3] >= 0x80 && (p)[3] <= 0xBF)
+#define IS_UTF8_CHAR_4b(p) \
+ ((p)[0] >= 0xF1 && (p)[0] <= 0xF3 && \
+ (p)[1] >= 0x80 && (p)[1] <= 0xBF && \
+ (p)[2] >= 0x80 && (p)[2] <= 0xBF && \
+ (p)[3] >= 0x80 && (p)[3] <= 0xBF)
+/* In IS_UTF8_CHAR_4c(p) one could use
+ * (p)[0] == 0xF4
+ * if one wanted to stop at the Unicode limit U+10FFFF.
+ * The 0xF7 allows us to go to 0x1fffff (0x200000 would
+ * require five bytes). Not doing any further code points
+ * since that is not needed (and that would not be strict
+ * UTF-8, anyway). The "slow path" in Perl_is_utf8_char()
+ * will take care of the "extended UTF-8". */
+#define IS_UTF8_CHAR_4c(p) \
+ ((p)[0] == 0xF4 && (p)[0] <= 0xF7 && \
+ (p)[1] >= 0x80 && (p)[1] <= 0xBF && \
+ (p)[2] >= 0x80 && (p)[2] <= 0xBF && \
+ (p)[3] >= 0x80 && (p)[3] <= 0xBF)
+
+#define IS_UTF8_CHAR_3(p) \
+ (IS_UTF8_CHAR_3a(p) || \
+ IS_UTF8_CHAR_3b(p) || \
+ IS_UTF8_CHAR_3c(p) || \
+ IS_UTF8_CHAR_3d(p))
+#define IS_UTF8_CHAR_4(p) \
+ (IS_UTF8_CHAR_4a(p) || \
+ IS_UTF8_CHAR_4b(p) || \
+ IS_UTF8_CHAR_4c(p))
+
+/* IS_UTF8_CHAR(p) is strictly speaking wrong (not UTF-8) because it
+ * (1) allows UTF-8 encoded UTF-16 surrogates
+ * (2) it allows code points past U+10FFFF.
+ * The Perl_is_utf8_char() full "slow" code will handle the Perl
+ * "extended UTF-8". */
+#define IS_UTF8_CHAR(p, n) \
+ ((n) == 1 ? IS_UTF8_CHAR_1(p) : \
+ (n) == 2 ? IS_UTF8_CHAR_2(p) : \
+ (n) == 3 ? IS_UTF8_CHAR_3(p) : \
+ (n) == 4 ? IS_UTF8_CHAR_4(p) : 0)
+
+#define IS_UTF8_CHAR_FAST(n) ((n) <= 4)
+
+#endif /* IS_UTF8_CHAR() for UTF-8 */
+
+/*
+ * Local variables:
+ * c-indentation-style: bsd
+ * c-basic-offset: 4
+ * indent-tabs-mode: t
+ * End:
+ *
+ * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 noet:
+ */
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