This is a live mirror of the Perl 5 development currently hosted at https://github.com/perl/perl5
remove REGMATCH detritus and shrink the size of the backtrack structure
[perl5.git] / regexec.c
index 9dbc60a..d11fe19 100644 (file)
--- a/regexec.c
+++ b/regexec.c
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@
 
 #define RF_tainted     1               /* tainted information used? */
 #define RF_warned      2               /* warned about big count? */
-#define RF_evaled      4               /* Did an EVAL with setting? */
+
 #define RF_utf8                8               /* Pattern contains multibyte chars? */
 
 #define UTF ((PL_reg_flags & RF_utf8) != 0)
                ? (U8*)pos - off                \
                : NULL)
 
-#define HOP3(pos,off,lim) (PL_reg_match_utf8 ? reghop3((U8*)pos, off, (U8*)lim) : (U8*)(pos + off))
+#define HOP3(pos,off,lim) (PL_reg_match_utf8 ? reghop3((U8*)(pos), off, (U8*)(lim)) : (U8*)(pos + off))
 #define HOP3c(pos,off,lim) ((char*)HOP3(pos,off,lim))
 
 #define LOAD_UTF8_CHARCLASS(class,str) STMT_START { \
     } \
 } STMT_END 
 
+
 static void restore_pos(pTHX_ void *arg);
 
 STATIC CHECKPOINT
@@ -165,7 +166,7 @@ S_regcppush(pTHX_ I32 parenfloor)
     if (paren_elems_to_push < 0)
        Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: paren_elems_to_push < 0");
 
-#define REGCP_OTHER_ELEMS 6
+#define REGCP_OTHER_ELEMS 8
     SSGROW(paren_elems_to_push + REGCP_OTHER_ELEMS);
     for (p = PL_regsize; p > parenfloor; p--) {
 /* REGCP_PARENS_ELEMS are pushed per pairs of parentheses. */
@@ -181,6 +182,8 @@ S_regcppush(pTHX_ I32 parenfloor)
        ));
     }
 /* REGCP_OTHER_ELEMS are pushed in any case, parentheses or no. */
+    SSPUSHPTR(PL_regstartp);
+    SSPUSHPTR(PL_regendp);
     SSPUSHINT(PL_regsize);
     SSPUSHINT(*PL_reglastparen);
     SSPUSHINT(*PL_reglastcloseparen);
@@ -227,7 +230,10 @@ S_regcppop(pTHX_ const regexp *rex)
     *PL_reglastcloseparen = SSPOPINT;
     *PL_reglastparen = SSPOPINT;
     PL_regsize = SSPOPINT;
+    PL_regendp=(I32 *) SSPOPPTR;
+    PL_regstartp=(I32 *) SSPOPPTR;
 
+    
     /* Now restore the parentheses context. */
     for (i -= (REGCP_OTHER_ELEMS - REGCP_FRAME_ELEMS);
         i > 0; i -= REGCP_PAREN_ELEMS) {
@@ -356,7 +362,7 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_ regexp *prog, SV *sv, char *strpos,
     register SV *check;
     char *strbeg;
     char *t;
-    const int do_utf8 = sv ? SvUTF8(sv) : 0;   /* if no sv we have to assume bytes */
+    const bool do_utf8 = (sv && SvUTF8(sv)) ? 1 : 0; /* if no sv we have to assume bytes */
     I32 ml_anch;
     register char *other_last = NULL;  /* other substr checked before this */
     char *check_at = NULL;             /* check substr found at this pos */
@@ -374,7 +380,8 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_ regexp *prog, SV *sv, char *strpos,
     }
     DEBUG_EXECUTE_r( 
         debug_start_match(prog, do_utf8, strpos, strend, 
-            "Guessing start of match for");
+            sv ? "Guessing start of match in sv for"
+               : "Guessing start of match in string for");
              );
 
     /* CHR_DIST() would be more correct here but it makes things slow. */
@@ -383,6 +390,7 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_ regexp *prog, SV *sv, char *strpos,
                              "String too short... [re_intuit_start]\n"));
        goto fail;
     }
+                
     strbeg = (sv && SvPOK(sv)) ? strend - SvCUR(sv) : strpos;
     PL_regeol = strend;
     if (do_utf8) {
@@ -394,9 +402,9 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_ regexp *prog, SV *sv, char *strpos,
            to_byte_substr(prog);
        check = prog->check_substr;
     }
-   if (check == &PL_sv_undef) {
+    if (check == &PL_sv_undef) {
        DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
-               "Non-utf string cannot match utf check string\n"));
+               "Non-utf8 string cannot match utf8 check string\n"));
        goto fail;
     }
     if (prog->reganch & ROPT_ANCH) {   /* Match at beg-of-str or after \n */
@@ -419,6 +427,7 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_ regexp *prog, SV *sv, char *strpos,
            I32 slen;
 
            s = HOP3c(strpos, prog->check_offset_min, strend);
+           
            if (SvTAIL(check)) {
                slen = SvCUR(check);    /* >= 1 */
 
@@ -448,8 +457,8 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_ regexp *prog, SV *sv, char *strpos,
        /* Match is anchored, but substr is not anchored wrt beg-of-str. */
        s = strpos;
        start_shift = prog->check_offset_min; /* okay to underestimate on CC */
-       end_shift = prog->minlen - start_shift -
-           CHR_SVLEN(check) + (SvTAIL(check) != 0);
+       end_shift = prog->check_end_shift;
+       
        if (!ml_anch) {
            const I32 end = prog->check_offset_max + CHR_SVLEN(check)
                                         - (SvTAIL(check) != 0);
@@ -462,20 +471,37 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_ regexp *prog, SV *sv, char *strpos,
     else {                             /* Can match at random position */
        ml_anch = 0;
        s = strpos;
-       start_shift = prog->check_offset_min; /* okay to underestimate on CC */
-       /* Should be nonnegative! */
-       end_shift = prog->minlen - start_shift -
-           CHR_SVLEN(check) + (SvTAIL(check) != 0);
+       start_shift = prog->check_offset_min;  /* okay to underestimate on CC */
+       end_shift = prog->check_end_shift;
+       
+       /* end shift should be non negative here */
     }
 
 #ifdef DEBUGGING       /* 7/99: reports of failure (with the older version) */
     if (end_shift < 0)
-       Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: end_shift");
+       Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: end_shift: %"IVdf" pattern:\n%s\n ",
+                  (IV)end_shift, prog->precomp);
 #endif
 
   restart:
     /* Find a possible match in the region s..strend by looking for
        the "check" substring in the region corrected by start/end_shift. */
+    
+    {
+        I32 srch_start_shift = start_shift;
+        I32 srch_end_shift = end_shift;
+        if (srch_start_shift < 0 && strbeg - s > srch_start_shift) {
+           srch_end_shift -= ((strbeg - s) - srch_start_shift); 
+           srch_start_shift = strbeg - s;
+       }
+    DEBUG_OPTIMISE_MORE_r({
+        PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "Check offset min: %"IVdf" Start shift: %"IVdf" End shift %"IVdf" Real End Shift: %"IVdf"\n",
+            (IV)prog->check_offset_min,
+            (IV)srch_start_shift,
+            (IV)srch_end_shift, 
+            (IV)prog->check_end_shift);
+    });       
+        
     if (flags & REXEC_SCREAM) {
        I32 p = -1;                     /* Internal iterator of scream. */
        I32 * const pp = data ? data->scream_pos : &p;
@@ -485,7 +511,7 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_ regexp *prog, SV *sv, char *strpos,
                 && (BmPREVIOUS(check) == SvCUR(check) - 1)
                 && SvTAIL(check) ))
            s = screaminstr(sv, check,
-                           start_shift + (s - strbeg), end_shift, pp, 0);
+                           srch_start_shift + (s - strbeg), srch_end_shift, pp, 0);
        else
            goto fail_finish;
        /* we may be pointing at the wrong string */
@@ -494,15 +520,27 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_ regexp *prog, SV *sv, char *strpos,
        if (data)
            *data->scream_olds = s;
     }
-    else if (prog->reganch & ROPT_CANY_SEEN)
-       s = fbm_instr((U8*)(s + start_shift),
-                     (U8*)(strend - end_shift),
-                     check, multiline ? FBMrf_MULTILINE : 0);
-    else
-       s = fbm_instr(HOP3(s, start_shift, strend),
-                     HOP3(strend, -end_shift, strbeg),
+    else {
+        U8* start_point;
+        U8* end_point;
+        if (prog->reganch & ROPT_CANY_SEEN) {
+            start_point= (U8*)(s + srch_start_shift);
+            end_point= (U8*)(strend - srch_end_shift);
+        } else {
+           start_point= HOP3(s, srch_start_shift, srch_start_shift < 0 ? strbeg : strend);
+            end_point= HOP3(strend, -srch_end_shift, strbeg);
+       }
+       DEBUG_OPTIMISE_MORE_r({
+            PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "fbm_instr len=%d str=<%.*s>\n", 
+                (int)(end_point - start_point),
+                (int)(end_point - start_point) > 20 ? 20 : (int)(end_point - start_point), 
+                start_point);
+        });
+
+       s = fbm_instr( start_point, end_point,
                      check, multiline ? FBMrf_MULTILINE : 0);
-
+    }
+    }
     /* Update the count-of-usability, remove useless subpatterns,
        unshift s.  */
 
@@ -520,12 +558,20 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_ regexp *prog, SV *sv, char *strpos,
 
     if (!s)
        goto fail_finish;
-
-    check_at = s;
-
     /* Finish the diagnostic message */
     DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "%ld...\n", (long)(s - i_strpos)) );
 
+    /* XXX dmq: first branch is for positive lookbehind...
+       Our check string is offset from the beginning of the pattern.
+       So we need to do any stclass tests offset forward from that 
+       point. I think. :-(
+     */
+    
+        
+    
+    check_at=s;
+     
+
     /* Got a candidate.  Check MBOL anchoring, and the *other* substr.
        Start with the other substr.
        XXXX no SCREAM optimization yet - and a very coarse implementation
@@ -534,7 +580,9 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_ regexp *prog, SV *sv, char *strpos,
        Probably it is right to do no SCREAM here...
      */
 
-    if (do_utf8 ? (prog->float_utf8 && prog->anchored_utf8) : (prog->float_substr && prog->anchored_substr)) {
+    if (do_utf8 ? (prog->float_utf8 && prog->anchored_utf8) 
+                : (prog->float_substr && prog->anchored_substr)) 
+    {
        /* Take into account the "other" substring. */
        /* XXXX May be hopelessly wrong for UTF... */
        if (!other_last)
@@ -561,12 +609,17 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_ regexp *prog, SV *sv, char *strpos,
                last2 = last1 = HOP3c(strend, -prog->minlen, strbeg);
                if (last < last1)
                    last1 = last;
- /* XXXX It is not documented what units *_offsets are in.  Assume bytes.  */
+                /* XXXX It is not documented what units *_offsets are in.  
+                   We assume bytes, but this is clearly wrong. 
+                   Meaning this code needs to be carefully reviewed for errors.
+                   dmq.
+                  */
                /* On end-of-str: see comment below. */
                must = do_utf8 ? prog->anchored_utf8 : prog->anchored_substr;
                if (must == &PL_sv_undef) {
                    s = (char*)NULL;
-                   DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(must = prog->anchored_utf8);        /* for debug */
+                   DEBUG_r(must = prog->anchored_utf8);        /* for debug */
                }
                else
                    s = fbm_instr(
@@ -630,7 +683,7 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_ regexp *prog, SV *sv, char *strpos,
               and end-of-str is not later than strend we are OK. */
            if (must == &PL_sv_undef) {
                s = (char*)NULL;
-               DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(must = prog->float_utf8);       /* for debug message */
+               DEBUG_r(must = prog->float_utf8);       /* for debug message */
            }
            else
                s = fbm_instr((unsigned char*)s,
@@ -669,11 +722,26 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_ regexp *prog, SV *sv, char *strpos,
        }
     }
 
-    t = s - prog->check_offset_max;
+    
+    t= (char*)HOP3( s, -prog->check_offset_max, (prog->check_offset_max<0) ? strend : strpos);
+        
+    DEBUG_OPTIMISE_MORE_r(
+        PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, 
+            "Check offset min:%"IVdf" max:%"IVdf" S:%"IVdf" t:%"IVdf" D:%"IVdf" end:%"IVdf"\n",
+            (IV)prog->check_offset_min,
+            (IV)prog->check_offset_max,
+            (IV)(s-strpos),
+            (IV)(t-strpos),
+            (IV)(t-s),
+            (IV)(strend-strpos)
+        )
+    );
+
     if (s - strpos > prog->check_offset_max  /* signed-corrected t > strpos */
         && (!do_utf8
-           || ((t = (char*)reghopmaybe3((U8*)s, -prog->check_offset_max, (U8*)strpos))
-                && t > strpos))) {
+           || ((t = (char*)reghopmaybe3((U8*)s, -prog->check_offset_max, (U8*) ((prog->check_offset_max<0) ? strend : strpos)))
+                && t > strpos))) 
+    {
        /* Fixed substring is found far enough so that the match
           cannot start at strpos. */
       try_at_offset:
@@ -782,6 +850,8 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_ regexp *prog, SV *sv, char *strpos,
 
     /* Last resort... */
     /* XXXX BmUSEFUL already changed, maybe multiple change is meaningful... */
+    /* trie stclasses are too expensive to use here, we are better off to
+       leave it to regmatch itself */
     if (prog->regstclass && PL_regkind[OP(prog->regstclass)]!=TRIE) {
        /* minlen == 0 is possible if regstclass is \b or \B,
           and the fixed substr is ''$.
@@ -795,14 +865,17 @@ Perl_re_intuit_start(pTHX_ regexp *prog, SV *sv, char *strpos,
         const int cl_l = (PL_regkind[OP(prog->regstclass)] == EXACT
                    ? CHR_DIST(str+STR_LEN(prog->regstclass), str)
                    : 1);
-       const char * endpos = (prog->anchored_substr || prog->anchored_utf8 || ml_anch)
-               ? HOP3c(s, (prog->minlen ? cl_l : 0), strend)
-               : (prog->float_substr || prog->float_utf8
-                  ? HOP3c(HOP3c(check_at, -start_shift, strbeg),
-                          cl_l, strend)
-                  : strend);
-        /*if (OP(prog->regstclass) == TRIE)
-            endpos++;*/
+       char * endpos;
+       if (prog->anchored_substr || prog->anchored_utf8 || ml_anch)
+            endpos= HOP3c(s, (prog->minlen ? cl_l : 0), strend);
+        else if (prog->float_substr || prog->float_utf8)
+           endpos= HOP3c(HOP3c(check_at, -start_shift, strbeg), cl_l, strend);
+        else 
+            endpos= strend;
+                   
+        DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "start_shift: %"IVdf" check_at: %d s: %d endpos: %d\n",
+                                     (IV)start_shift, check_at - strbeg, s - strbeg, endpos - strbeg));
+       
        t = s;
         s = find_byclass(prog, prog->regstclass, s, endpos, NULL);
        if (!s) {
@@ -1329,8 +1402,8 @@ S_find_byclass(pTHX_ regexp * prog, const regnode *c, char *s,
                !isDIGIT_LC_utf8((U8*)s),
                !isDIGIT_LC(*s)
            );
-       case TRIEC:
-       case TRIE
+       case AHOCORASICKC:
+       case AHOCORASICK
            {
                const enum { trie_plain, trie_utf8, trie_utf8_fold }
                    trie_type = do_utf8 ?
@@ -1369,7 +1442,9 @@ S_find_byclass(pTHX_ regexp * prog, const regnode *c, char *s,
                 SvPOK_on(sv_points);
                 sv_2mortal(sv_points);
                 points=(U8**)SvPV_nolen(sv_points );
-                if ( trie_type != trie_utf8_fold && (trie->bitmap || OP(c)==TRIEC) ) {
+                if ( trie_type != trie_utf8_fold 
+                     && (trie->bitmap || OP(c)==AHOCORASICKC) ) 
+                {
                     if (trie->bitmap) 
                         bitmap=(U8*)trie->bitmap;
                     else
@@ -1412,19 +1487,21 @@ S_find_byclass(pTHX_ regexp * prog, const regnode *c, char *s,
                         int failed=0;
                         U32 word = aho->states[ state ].wordnum;
 
-                        if( state==1 && bitmap ) {
-                            DEBUG_TRIE_EXECUTE_r(
-                                if ( uc <= (U8*)last_start && !BITMAP_TEST(bitmap,*uc) ) {
-                                    dump_exec_pos( (char *)uc, c, strend, real_start, 
-                                        (char*)uc, do_utf8 );
-                                    PerlIO_printf( Perl_debug_log,
-                                        " Scanning for legal start char...\n");
+                        if( state==1 ) {
+                            if ( bitmap ) {
+                                DEBUG_TRIE_EXECUTE_r(
+                                    if ( uc <= (U8*)last_start && !BITMAP_TEST(bitmap,*uc) ) {
+                                        dump_exec_pos( (char *)uc, c, strend, real_start, 
+                                            (char *)uc, do_utf8 );
+                                        PerlIO_printf( Perl_debug_log,
+                                            " Scanning for legal start char...\n");
+                                    }
+                                );            
+                                while ( uc <= (U8*)last_start  && !BITMAP_TEST(bitmap,*uc) ) {
+                                    uc++;
                                 }
-                            );            
-                            while ( uc <= (U8*)last_start  && !BITMAP_TEST(bitmap,*uc) ) {
-                                uc++;
+                                s= (char *)uc;
                             }
-                            s= (char *)uc;    
                             if (uc >(U8*)last_start) break;
                         }
                                             
@@ -1566,7 +1643,7 @@ Perl_regexec_flags(pTHX_ register regexp *prog, char *stringarg, register char *
     I32 scream_pos = -1;               /* Internal iterator of scream. */
     char *scream_olds = NULL;
     SV* const oreplsv = GvSV(PL_replgv);
-    const bool do_utf8 = DO_UTF8(sv);
+    const bool do_utf8 = (bool)DO_UTF8(sv);
     I32 multiline;
 
     regmatch_info reginfo;  /* create some info to pass to regtry etc */
@@ -1585,14 +1662,20 @@ Perl_regexec_flags(pTHX_ register regexp *prog, char *stringarg, register char *
     reginfo.prog = prog;
 
     RX_MATCH_UTF8_set(prog, do_utf8);
+    DEBUG_EXECUTE_r( 
+        debug_start_match(prog, do_utf8, startpos, strend, 
+        "Matching");
+    );
 
     minlen = prog->minlen;
-    if (strend - startpos < minlen) {
+    
+    if (strend - startpos < (minlen+(prog->check_offset_min<0?prog->check_offset_min:0))) {
         DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
                              "String too short [regexec_flags]...\n"));
        goto phooey;
     }
 
+    
     /* Check validity of program. */
     if (UCHARAT(prog->program) != REG_MAGIC) {
        Perl_croak(aTHX_ "corrupted regexp program");
@@ -1651,10 +1734,7 @@ Perl_regexec_flags(pTHX_ register regexp *prog, char *stringarg, register char *
        }
     }
 
-    DEBUG_EXECUTE_r( 
-        debug_start_match(prog, do_utf8, startpos, strend, 
-            "Matching");
-             );
+
 
     /* Simplest case:  anchored match need be tried only once. */
     /*  [unless only anchor is BOL and multiline is set] */
@@ -1699,7 +1779,11 @@ Perl_regexec_flags(pTHX_ register regexp *prog, char *stringarg, register char *
            }
        }
        goto phooey;
-    } else if (prog->reganch & ROPT_ANCH_GPOS) {
+    } else if (ROPT_GPOS_CHECK == (prog->reganch & ROPT_GPOS_CHECK)) 
+    {
+        /* the warning about reginfo.ganch being used without intialization
+           is bogus -- we set it above, when prog->reganch & ROPT_GPOS_SEEN 
+           and we only enter this block when the same bit is set. */
        if (regtry(&reginfo, reginfo.ganch))
            goto got_it;
        goto phooey;
@@ -1768,14 +1852,19 @@ Perl_regexec_flags(pTHX_ register regexp *prog, char *stringarg, register char *
            back_max = prog->float_max_offset;
            back_min = prog->float_min_offset;
        }
+       
+           
        if (must == &PL_sv_undef)
            /* could not downgrade utf8 check substring, so must fail */
            goto phooey;
 
-       last = HOP3c(strend,    /* Cannot start after this */
-                         -(I32)(CHR_SVLEN(must)
-                                - (SvTAIL(must) != 0) + back_min), strbeg);
-
+        if (back_min<0) {
+           last = strend;
+       } else {
+            last = HOP3c(strend,       /* Cannot start after this */
+                 -(I32)(CHR_SVLEN(must)
+                        - (SvTAIL(must) != 0) + back_min), strbeg);
+        }
        if (s > PL_bostr)
            last1 = HOPc(s, -1);
        else
@@ -1788,9 +1877,9 @@ Perl_regexec_flags(pTHX_ register regexp *prog, char *stringarg, register char *
        strend = HOPc(strend, -dontbother);
        while ( (s <= last) &&
                ((flags & REXEC_SCREAM)
-                ? (s = screaminstr(sv, must, HOP3c(s, back_min, strend) - strbeg,
+                ? (s = screaminstr(sv, must, HOP3c(s, back_min, (back_min<0 ? strbeg : strend)) - strbeg,
                                    end_shift, &scream_pos, 0))
-                : (s = fbm_instr((unsigned char*)HOP3(s, back_min, strend),
+                : (s = fbm_instr((unsigned char*)HOP3(s, back_min, (back_min<0 ? strbeg : strend)),
                                  (unsigned char*)strend, must,
                                  multiline ? FBMrf_MULTILINE : 0))) ) {
            /* we may be pointing at the wrong string */
@@ -1896,9 +1985,10 @@ Perl_regexec_flags(pTHX_ register regexp *prog, char *stringarg, register char *
                }
            }
            if (last == NULL) {
-               DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
-                                     "%sCan't trim the tail, match fails (should not happen)%s\n",
-                                     PL_colors[4], PL_colors[5]));
+               DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(
+                   PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+                       "%sCan't trim the tail, match fails (should not happen)%s\n",
+                       PL_colors[4], PL_colors[5]));
                goto phooey; /* Should not happen! */
            }
            dontbother = strend - last + prog->float_min_offset;
@@ -1980,6 +2070,7 @@ phooey:
     return 0;
 }
 
+
 /*
  - regtry - try match at specific point
  */
@@ -1993,9 +2084,6 @@ S_regtry(pTHX_ const regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos)
     regexp *prog = reginfo->prog;
     GET_RE_DEBUG_FLAGS_DECL;
 
-#ifdef DEBUGGING
-    PL_regindent = 0;  /* XXXX Not good when matches are reenterable... */
-#endif
     if ((prog->reganch & ROPT_EVAL_SEEN) && !PL_reg_eval_set) {
        MAGIC *mg;
 
@@ -2066,16 +2154,16 @@ S_regtry(pTHX_ const regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos)
        prog->subbeg = PL_bostr;
        prog->sublen = PL_regeol - PL_bostr; /* strend may have been modified */
     }
+    DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PL_reg_starttry = startpos);
     prog->startp[0] = startpos - PL_bostr;
     PL_reginput = startpos;
-    PL_regstartp = prog->startp;
-    PL_regendp = prog->endp;
     PL_reglastparen = &prog->lastparen;
     PL_reglastcloseparen = &prog->lastcloseparen;
     prog->lastparen = 0;
     prog->lastcloseparen = 0;
     PL_regsize = 0;
-    DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PL_reg_starttry = startpos);
+    PL_regstartp = prog->startp;
+    PL_regendp = prog->endp;
     if (PL_reg_start_tmpl <= prog->nparens) {
        PL_reg_start_tmpl = prog->nparens*3/2 + 3;
         if(PL_reg_start_tmp)
@@ -2121,27 +2209,20 @@ S_regtry(pTHX_ const regmatch_info *reginfo, char *startpos)
 
 #define sayYES goto yes
 #define sayNO goto no
-#define sayNO_ANYOF goto no_anyof
-#define sayYES_FINAL goto yes_final
-#define sayNO_FINAL  goto no_final
-#define sayNO_SILENT goto do_no
-#define saySAME(x) if (x) goto yes; else goto no
-
-#define CACHEsayNO STMT_START { \
-    if (st->u.whilem.cache_offset | st->u.whilem.cache_bit) \
-       PL_reg_poscache[st->u.whilem.cache_offset] |= \
-           (1<<st->u.whilem.cache_bit); \
-    sayNO; \
-} STMT_END
+#define sayNO_SILENT goto no_silent
 
+/* we dont use STMT_START/END here because it leads to 
+   "unreachable code" warnings, which are bogus, but distracting. */
+#define CACHEsayNO \
+    if (ST.cache_mask) \
+       PL_reg_poscache[ST.cache_offset] |= ST.cache_mask; \
+    sayNO
 
 /* this is used to determine how far from the left messages like
-   'failed...' are printed. Currently 29 makes these messages line
-   up with the opcode they refer to. Earlier perls used 25 which
-   left these messages outdented making reviewing a debug output
-   quite difficult.
+   'failed...' are printed. It should be set such that messages 
+   are inline with the regop output that created them.
 */
-#define REPORT_CODE_OFF 29
+#define REPORT_CODE_OFF 32
 
 
 /* Make sure there is a test for this +1 options in re_tests */
@@ -2172,14 +2253,6 @@ S_push_slab(pTHX)
     return SLAB_FIRST(s);
 }
 
-/* simulate a recursive call to regmatch */
-
-#define REGMATCH(ns, where) \
-    st->scan = scan; \
-    scan = (ns); \
-    st->resume_state = resume_##where; \
-    goto start_recurse; \
-    resume_point_##where:
 
 /* push a new state then goto it */
 
@@ -2302,37 +2375,21 @@ S_push_slab(pTHX)
  * allocated since entry are freed.
  */
  
-/* *** every FOO_fail should = FOO+1 */
-#define TRIE_next              (REGNODE_MAX+1)
-#define TRIE_next_fail         (REGNODE_MAX+2)
-#define EVAL_A                 (REGNODE_MAX+3)
-#define EVAL_A_fail            (REGNODE_MAX+4)
-#define resume_CURLYX          (REGNODE_MAX+5)
-#define resume_WHILEM1         (REGNODE_MAX+6)
-#define resume_WHILEM2         (REGNODE_MAX+7)
-#define resume_WHILEM3         (REGNODE_MAX+8)
-#define resume_WHILEM4         (REGNODE_MAX+9)
-#define resume_WHILEM5         (REGNODE_MAX+10)
-#define resume_WHILEM6         (REGNODE_MAX+11)
-#define BRANCH_next            (REGNODE_MAX+12)
-#define BRANCH_next_fail       (REGNODE_MAX+13)
-#define CURLYM_A               (REGNODE_MAX+14)
-#define CURLYM_A_fail          (REGNODE_MAX+15)
-#define CURLYM_B               (REGNODE_MAX+16)
-#define CURLYM_B_fail          (REGNODE_MAX+17)
-#define IFMATCH_A              (REGNODE_MAX+18)
-#define IFMATCH_A_fail         (REGNODE_MAX+19)
-#define CURLY_B_min_known      (REGNODE_MAX+20)
-#define CURLY_B_min_known_fail (REGNODE_MAX+21)
-#define CURLY_B_min            (REGNODE_MAX+22)
-#define CURLY_B_min_fail       (REGNODE_MAX+23)
-#define CURLY_B_max            (REGNODE_MAX+24)
-#define CURLY_B_max_fail       (REGNODE_MAX+25)
+
+#define DEBUG_STATE_pp(pp)                                 \
+    DEBUG_STATE_r({                                        \
+       DUMP_EXEC_POS(locinput, scan, do_utf8);             \
+       PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,                       \
+           "    %*s"pp" %s\n",                             \
+           depth*2, "",                                    \
+           reg_name[st->resume_state] );   \
+    });
 
 
 #define REG_NODE_NUM(x) ((x) ? (int)((x)-prog) : -1)
 
 #ifdef DEBUGGING
+
 STATIC void
 S_debug_start_match(pTHX_ const regexp *prog, const bool do_utf8, 
     const char *start, const char *end, const char *blurb)
@@ -2352,9 +2409,10 @@ S_debug_start_match(pTHX_ const regexp *prog, const bool do_utf8,
                       PL_colors[4], blurb, PL_colors[5], s0, s1); 
         
         if (do_utf8||utf8_pat) 
-            PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "UTF-8 %s...\n",
-                !do_utf8 ? "pattern" : !utf8_pat ? "string" : 
-                    "pattern and string"
+            PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "UTF-8 %s%s%s...\n",
+                utf8_pat ? "pattern" : "",
+                utf8_pat && do_utf8 ? " and " : "",
+                do_utf8 ? "string" : ""
             ); 
     }
 }
@@ -2396,15 +2454,16 @@ S_dump_exec_pos(pTHX_ const char *locinput,
        const int is_uni = (do_utf8 && OP(scan) != CANY) ? 1 : 0;
 
        RE_PV_COLOR_DECL(s0,len0,is_uni,PERL_DEBUG_PAD(0),
-           (locinput - pref_len),pref0_len, pref0_len, 4, 5);
+           (locinput - pref_len),pref0_len, 60, 4, 5);
        
        RE_PV_COLOR_DECL(s1,len1,is_uni,PERL_DEBUG_PAD(1),
                    (locinput - pref_len + pref0_len),
-                   pref_len - pref0_len, pref_len - pref0_len, 2, 3);
+                   pref_len - pref0_len, 60, 2, 3);
        
        RE_PV_COLOR_DECL(s2,len2,is_uni,PERL_DEBUG_PAD(2),
-                   locinput, loc_regeol - locinput, l, 0, 1);
+                   locinput, loc_regeol - locinput, 10, 0, 1);
 
+       const STRLEN tlen=len0+len1+len2;
        PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
                    "%4"IVdf" <%.*s%.*s%s%.*s>%*s|",
                    (IV)(locinput - loc_bostr),
@@ -2412,7 +2471,7 @@ S_dump_exec_pos(pTHX_ const char *locinput,
                    len1, s1,
                    (docolor ? "" : "> <"),
                    len2, s2,
-                   15 - l - pref_len + 1,
+                   (int)(tlen > 19 ? 0 :  19 - tlen),
                    "");
     }
 }
@@ -2440,22 +2499,37 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ const regmatch_info *reginfo, regnode *prog)
     /* cache heavy used fields of st in registers */
     register regnode *scan;
     register regnode *next;
-    register I32 n = 0;        /* initialize to shut up compiler warning */
+    register I32 n = 0;        /* general value; init to avoid compiler warning */
+    register I32 ln = 0; /* len or last;  init to avoid compiler warning */
     register char *locinput = PL_reginput;
-
-    /* these variables are NOT saved during a recusive RFEGMATCH: */
     register I32 nextchr;   /* is always set to UCHARAT(locinput) */
+
     bool result = 0;       /* return value of S_regmatch */
-    int depth = 0;         /* depth of recursion */
+    int depth = 0;         /* depth of backtrack stack */
+    int nochange_depth = 0; /* depth of RECURSE recursion with nochange*/
     regmatch_state *yes_state = NULL; /* state to pop to on success of
                                                            subpattern */
+    regmatch_state *cur_eval = NULL; /* most recent EVAL_AB state */
+    struct regmatch_state  *cur_curlyx = NULL; /* most recent curlyx */
     U32 state_num;
-    
-    I32 parenfloor = 0;
+
+    /* these three flags are set by various ops to signal information to
+     * the very next op. They have a useful lifetime of exactly one loop
+     * iteration, and are not preserved or restored by state pushes/pops
+     */
+    bool sw = 0;           /* the condition value in (?(cond)a|b) */
+    bool minmod = 0;       /* the next "{n,m}" is a "{n,m}?" */
+    int logical = 0;       /* the following EVAL is:
+                               0: (?{...})
+                               1: (?(?{...})X|Y)
+                               2: (??{...})
+                              or the following IFMATCH/UNLESSM is:
+                               false: plain (?=foo)
+                               true:  used as a condition: (?(?=foo))
+                           */
 
 #ifdef DEBUGGING
     GET_RE_DEBUG_FLAGS_DECL;
-    PL_regindent++;
 #endif
 
     /* on first ever call to regmatch, allocate first slab */
@@ -2476,11 +2550,6 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ const regmatch_info *reginfo, regnode *prog)
     if (st >  SLAB_LAST(PL_regmatch_slab))
        st = PL_regmatch_state = S_push_slab(aTHX);
 
-    st->minmod = 0;
-    st->sw = 0;
-    st->logical = 0;
-    st->cc = NULL;
-
     /* Note that nextchr is a byte even in UTF */
     nextchr = UCHARAT(locinput);
     scan = prog;
@@ -2488,14 +2557,16 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ const regmatch_info *reginfo, regnode *prog)
 
         DEBUG_EXECUTE_r( {
            SV * const prop = sv_newmortal();
+           regnode *rnext=regnext(scan);
            DUMP_EXEC_POS( locinput, scan, do_utf8 );
            regprop(rex, prop, scan);
             
            PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
                    "%3"IVdf":%*s%s(%"IVdf")\n",
-                   (IV)(scan - rex->program), PL_regindent*2, "",
+                   (IV)(scan - rex->program), depth*2, "",
                    SvPVX_const(prop),
-                   PL_regkind[OP(scan)] == END ? 0 : (IV)(regnext(scan) - rex->program));
+                   (PL_regkind[OP(scan)] == END || !rnext) ? 
+                       0 : (IV)(rnext - rex->program));
        });
 
        next = scan + NEXT_OFF(scan);
@@ -2585,7 +2656,7 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ const regmatch_info *reginfo, regnode *prog)
                     DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(
                         PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
                                  "%*s  %sfailed to match trie start class...%s\n",
-                                 REPORT_CODE_OFF+PL_regindent*2, "", PL_colors[4], PL_colors[5])
+                                 REPORT_CODE_OFF+depth*2, "", PL_colors[4], PL_colors[5])
                     );
                     sayNO_SILENT;
                     /* NOTREACHED */
@@ -2612,14 +2683,14 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ const regmatch_info *reginfo, regnode *prog)
                         DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(
                             PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
                                          "%*s  %smatched empty string...%s\n",
-                                         REPORT_CODE_OFF+PL_regindent*2, "", PL_colors[4], PL_colors[5])
+                                         REPORT_CODE_OFF+depth*2, "", PL_colors[4], PL_colors[5])
                         );
                        break;
                    } else {
                        DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(
                             PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
                                          "%*s  %sfailed to match trie start class...%s\n",
-                                         REPORT_CODE_OFF+PL_regindent*2, "", PL_colors[4], PL_colors[5])
+                                         REPORT_CODE_OFF+depth*2, "", PL_colors[4], PL_colors[5])
                         );
                        sayNO_SILENT;
                   }
@@ -2652,7 +2723,7 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ const regmatch_info *reginfo, regnode *prog)
 
                while ( state && uc <= (U8*)PL_regeol ) {
                     U32 base = trie->states[ state ].trans.base;
-                    UV uvc;
+                    UV uvc = 0;
                     U16 charid;
                     /* We use charid to hold the wordnum as we don't use it
                        for charid until after we have done the wordnum logic. 
@@ -2698,7 +2769,7 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ const regmatch_info *reginfo, regnode *prog)
                                DUMP_EXEC_POS( (char *)uc, scan, do_utf8 );
                                PerlIO_printf( Perl_debug_log,
                                    "%*s  %sState: %4"UVxf" Accepted: %4"UVxf" ",
-                                   2+PL_regindent * 2, "", PL_colors[4],
+                                   2+depth * 2, "", PL_colors[4],
                                    (UV)state, (UV)ST.accepted );
                    });
 
@@ -2737,7 +2808,7 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ const regmatch_info *reginfo, regnode *prog)
                DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(
                    PerlIO_printf( Perl_debug_log,
                        "%*s  %sgot %"IVdf" possible matches%s\n",
-                       REPORT_CODE_OFF + PL_regindent * 2, "",
+                       REPORT_CODE_OFF + depth * 2, "",
                        PL_colors[4], (IV)ST.accepted, PL_colors[5] );
                );
            }}
@@ -2756,7 +2827,7 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ const regmatch_info *reginfo, regnode *prog)
                                    : NULL;
                    PerlIO_printf( Perl_debug_log,
                        "%*s  %sonly one match left: #%d <%s>%s\n",
-                       REPORT_CODE_OFF+PL_regindent*2, "", PL_colors[4],
+                       REPORT_CODE_OFF+depth*2, "", PL_colors[4],
                        ST.accept_buff[ 0 ].wordnum,
                        tmp ? SvPV_nolen_const( *tmp ) : "not compiled under -Dr",
                        PL_colors[5] );
@@ -2802,7 +2873,7 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ const regmatch_info *reginfo, regnode *prog)
                    DEBUG_TRIE_EXECUTE_r(
                        PerlIO_printf( Perl_debug_log,
                            "%*s  %sgot %"IVdf" (%d) as best, looking at %"IVdf" (%d)%s\n",
-                           REPORT_CODE_OFF + PL_regindent * 2, "", PL_colors[4],
+                           REPORT_CODE_OFF + depth * 2, "", PL_colors[4],
                            (IV)best, ST.accept_buff[ best ].wordnum, (IV)cur,
                            ST.accept_buff[ cur ].wordnum, PL_colors[5] );
                    );
@@ -2818,10 +2889,15 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ const regmatch_info *reginfo, regnode *prog)
                    SV ** const tmp = RX_DEBUG(reginfo->prog)
                                ? av_fetch( trie->words, ST.accept_buff[ best ].wordnum - 1, 0 )
                                : NULL;
-                   PerlIO_printf( Perl_debug_log, "%*s  %strying alternation #%d <%s> at node #%d %s\n",
-                       REPORT_CODE_OFF+PL_regindent*2, "", PL_colors[4],
+                   regnode *nextop=!ST.jump ? 
+                                   ST.B : 
+                                   ST.B - ST.jump[ST.accept_buff[best].wordnum];    
+                   PerlIO_printf( Perl_debug_log, 
+                       "%*s  %strying alternation #%d <%s> at node #%d %s\n",
+                       REPORT_CODE_OFF+depth*2, "", PL_colors[4],
                        ST.accept_buff[best].wordnum,
-                       tmp ? SvPV_nolen_const( *tmp ) : "not compiled under -Dr", REG_NODE_NUM(scan),
+                       tmp ? SvPV_nolen_const( *tmp ) : "not compiled under -Dr", 
+                           REG_NODE_NUM(nextop),
                        PL_colors[5] );
                });
 
@@ -2847,11 +2923,11 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ const regmatch_info *reginfo, regnode *prog)
 
        case EXACT: {
            char *s = STRING(scan);
-           st->ln = STR_LEN(scan);
+           ln = STR_LEN(scan);
            if (do_utf8 != UTF) {
                /* The target and the pattern have differing utf8ness. */
                char *l = locinput;
-               const char * const e = s + st->ln;
+               const char * const e = s + ln;
 
                if (do_utf8) {
                    /* The target is utf8, the pattern is not utf8. */
@@ -2889,11 +2965,11 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ const regmatch_info *reginfo, regnode *prog)
            /* Inline the first character, for speed. */
            if (UCHARAT(s) != nextchr)
                sayNO;
-           if (PL_regeol - locinput < st->ln)
+           if (PL_regeol - locinput < ln)
                sayNO;
-           if (st->ln > 1 && memNE(s, locinput, st->ln))
+           if (ln > 1 && memNE(s, locinput, ln))
                sayNO;
-           locinput += st->ln;
+           locinput += ln;
            nextchr = UCHARAT(locinput);
            break;
            }
@@ -2902,14 +2978,14 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ const regmatch_info *reginfo, regnode *prog)
            /* FALL THROUGH */
        case EXACTF: {
            char * const s = STRING(scan);
-           st->ln = STR_LEN(scan);
+           ln = STR_LEN(scan);
 
            if (do_utf8 || UTF) {
              /* Either target or the pattern are utf8. */
                const char * const l = locinput;
                char *e = PL_regeol;
 
-               if (ibcmp_utf8(s, 0,  st->ln, (bool)UTF,
+               if (ibcmp_utf8(s, 0,  ln, (bool)UTF,
                               l, &e, 0,  do_utf8)) {
                     /* One more case for the sharp s:
                      * pack("U0U*", 0xDF) =~ /ss/i,
@@ -2917,7 +2993,7 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ const regmatch_info *reginfo, regnode *prog)
                      * byte sequence for the U+00DF. */
                     if (!(do_utf8 &&
                           toLOWER(s[0]) == 's' &&
-                          st->ln >= 2 &&
+                          ln >= 2 &&
                           toLOWER(s[1]) == 's' &&
                           (U8)l[0] == 0xC3 &&
                           e - l >= 2 &&
@@ -2936,13 +3012,13 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ const regmatch_info *reginfo, regnode *prog)
                UCHARAT(s) != ((OP(scan) == EXACTF)
                               ? PL_fold : PL_fold_locale)[nextchr])
                sayNO;
-           if (PL_regeol - locinput < st->ln)
+           if (PL_regeol - locinput < ln)
                sayNO;
-           if (st->ln > 1 && (OP(scan) == EXACTF
-                          ? ibcmp(s, locinput, st->ln)
-                          : ibcmp_locale(s, locinput, st->ln)))
+           if (ln > 1 && (OP(scan) == EXACTF
+                          ? ibcmp(s, locinput, ln)
+                          : ibcmp_locale(s, locinput, ln)))
                sayNO;
-           locinput += st->ln;
+           locinput += ln;
            nextchr = UCHARAT(locinput);
            break;
            }
@@ -2951,7 +3027,7 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ const regmatch_info *reginfo, regnode *prog)
                STRLEN inclasslen = PL_regeol - locinput;
 
                if (!reginclass(rex, scan, (U8*)locinput, &inclasslen, do_utf8))
-                   sayNO_ANYOF;
+                   goto anyof_fail;
                if (locinput >= PL_regeol)
                    sayNO;
                locinput += inclasslen ? inclasslen : UTF8SKIP(locinput);
@@ -2962,13 +3038,13 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ const regmatch_info *reginfo, regnode *prog)
                if (nextchr < 0)
                    nextchr = UCHARAT(locinput);
                if (!REGINCLASS(rex, scan, (U8*)locinput))
-                   sayNO_ANYOF;
+                   goto anyof_fail;
                if (!nextchr && locinput >= PL_regeol)
                    sayNO;
                nextchr = UCHARAT(++locinput);
                break;
            }
-       no_anyof:
+       anyof_fail:
            /* If we might have the case of the German sharp s
             * in a casefolding Unicode character class. */
 
@@ -3034,35 +3110,35 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ const regmatch_info *reginfo, regnode *prog)
            /* was last char in word? */
            if (do_utf8) {
                if (locinput == PL_bostr)
-                   st->ln = '\n';
+                   ln = '\n';
                else {
                    const U8 * const r = reghop3((U8*)locinput, -1, (U8*)PL_bostr);
                
-                   st->ln = utf8n_to_uvchr(r, UTF8SKIP(r), 0, uniflags);
+                   ln = utf8n_to_uvchr(r, UTF8SKIP(r), 0, uniflags);
                }
                if (OP(scan) == BOUND || OP(scan) == NBOUND) {
-                   st->ln = isALNUM_uni(st->ln);
+                   ln = isALNUM_uni(ln);
                    LOAD_UTF8_CHARCLASS_ALNUM();
                    n = swash_fetch(PL_utf8_alnum, (U8*)locinput, do_utf8);
                }
                else {
-                   st->ln = isALNUM_LC_uvchr(UNI_TO_NATIVE(st->ln));
+                   ln = isALNUM_LC_uvchr(UNI_TO_NATIVE(ln));
                    n = isALNUM_LC_utf8((U8*)locinput);
                }
            }
            else {
-               st->ln = (locinput != PL_bostr) ?
+               ln = (locinput != PL_bostr) ?
                    UCHARAT(locinput - 1) : '\n';
                if (OP(scan) == BOUND || OP(scan) == NBOUND) {
-                   st->ln = isALNUM(st->ln);
+                   ln = isALNUM(ln);
                    n = isALNUM(nextchr);
                }
                else {
-                   st->ln = isALNUM_LC(st->ln);
+                   ln = isALNUM_LC(ln);
                    n = isALNUM_LC(nextchr);
                }
            }
-           if (((!st->ln) == (!n)) == (OP(scan) == BOUND ||
+           if (((!ln) == (!n)) == (OP(scan) == BOUND ||
                                    OP(scan) == BOUNDL))
                    sayNO;
            break;
@@ -3191,14 +3267,14 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ const regmatch_info *reginfo, regnode *prog)
        case REFF: {
            char *s;
            n = ARG(scan);  /* which paren pair */
-           st->ln = PL_regstartp[n];
+           ln = PL_regstartp[n];
            PL_reg_leftiter = PL_reg_maxiter;           /* Void cache */
-           if ((I32)*PL_reglastparen < n || st->ln == -1)
+           if ((I32)*PL_reglastparen < n || ln == -1)
                sayNO;                  /* Do not match unless seen CLOSEn. */
-           if (st->ln == PL_regendp[n])
+           if (ln == PL_regendp[n])
                break;
 
-           s = PL_bostr + st->ln;
+           s = PL_bostr + ln;
            if (do_utf8 && OP(scan) != REF) {   /* REF can do byte comparison */
                char *l = locinput;
                const char *e = PL_bostr + PL_regendp[n];
@@ -3234,16 +3310,16 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ const regmatch_info *reginfo, regnode *prog)
                 (UCHARAT(s) != ((OP(scan) == REFF
                                  ? PL_fold : PL_fold_locale)[nextchr]))))
                sayNO;
-           st->ln = PL_regendp[n] - st->ln;
-           if (locinput + st->ln > PL_regeol)
+           ln = PL_regendp[n] - ln;
+           if (locinput + ln > PL_regeol)
                sayNO;
-           if (st->ln > 1 && (OP(scan) == REF
-                          ? memNE(s, locinput, st->ln)
+           if (ln > 1 && (OP(scan) == REF
+                          ? memNE(s, locinput, ln)
                           : (OP(scan) == REFF
-                             ? ibcmp(s, locinput, st->ln)
-                             : ibcmp_locale(s, locinput, st->ln))))
+                             ? ibcmp(s, locinput, ln)
+                             : ibcmp_locale(s, locinput, ln))))
                sayNO;
-           locinput += st->ln;
+           locinput += ln;
            nextchr = UCHARAT(locinput);
            break;
            }
@@ -3256,10 +3332,39 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ const regmatch_info *reginfo, regnode *prog)
 
 #undef  ST
 #define ST st->u.eval
-
-       case EVAL:  /*   /(?{A})B/   /(??{A})B/  and /(?(?{A})X|Y)B/   */
        {
            SV *ret;
+            regexp *re;
+            regnode *startpoint;           
+            
+        case SRECURSE:
+       case RECURSE: /*    /(...(?1))/      */
+            if (cur_eval && cur_eval->locinput==locinput) {
+                if (cur_eval->u.eval.close_paren == ARG(scan)) 
+                    Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Infinite recursion in RECURSE in regexp");
+                if ( ++nochange_depth > MAX_RECURSE_EVAL_NOCHANGE_DEPTH ) 
+                    Perl_croak(aTHX_ "RECURSE without pos change exceeded limit in regexp");
+            } else {
+                nochange_depth = 0;
+            }    
+            re = rex;
+            (void)ReREFCNT_inc(rex);
+            if (OP(scan)==RECURSE) {
+                startpoint = scan + ARG2L(scan);
+                ST.close_paren = ARG(scan);
+            } else {
+                startpoint = re->program+1;
+                ST.close_paren = 0;
+            }
+            goto eval_recurse_doit;
+            /* NOTREACHED */
+        case EVAL:  /*   /(?{A})B/   /(??{A})B/  and /(?(?{A})X|Y)B/   */        
+            if (cur_eval && cur_eval->locinput==locinput) {
+                if ( ++nochange_depth > MAX_RECURSE_EVAL_NOCHANGE_DEPTH ) 
+                    Perl_croak(aTHX_ "EVAL without pos change exceeded limit in regexp");
+            } else {
+                nochange_depth = 0;
+            }    
            {
                /* execute the code in the {...} */
                dSP;
@@ -3286,14 +3391,14 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ const regmatch_info *reginfo, regnode *prog)
                PL_op = oop;
                PAD_RESTORE_LOCAL(old_comppad);
                PL_curcop = ocurcop;
-               if (!st->logical) {
+               if (!logical) {
                    /* /(?{...})/ */
                    sv_setsv(save_scalar(PL_replgv), ret);
                    break;
                }
            }
-           if (st->logical == 2) { /* Postponed subexpression: /(??{...})/ */
-               regexp *re;
+           if (logical == 2) { /* Postponed subexpression: /(??{...})/ */
+               logical = 0;
                {
                    /* extract RE object from returned value; compiling if
                     * necessary */
@@ -3321,7 +3426,7 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ const regmatch_info *reginfo, regnode *prog)
 
                        Zero(&pm, 1, PMOP);
                        if (DO_UTF8(ret)) pm.op_pmdynflags |= PMdf_DYN_UTF8;
-                       re = CALLREGCOMP(aTHX_ (char*)t, (char*)t + len, &pm);
+                       re = CALLREGCOMP((char*)t, (char*)t + len, &pm);
                        if (!(SvFLAGS(ret)
                              & (SVs_TEMP | SVs_PADTMP | SVf_READONLY
                                | SVs_GMG)))
@@ -3330,15 +3435,29 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ const regmatch_info *reginfo, regnode *prog)
                        PL_regsize = osize;
                    }
                }
-
-               /* run the pattern returned from (??{...}) */
-               DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(
+                DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(
                     debug_start_match(re, do_utf8, locinput, PL_regeol, 
                         "Matching embedded");
-                   );
+               );              
+               startpoint = re->program + 1;
+                       ST.close_paren = 0; /* only used for RECURSE */
+                       /* borrowed from regtry */
+                if (PL_reg_start_tmpl <= re->nparens) {
+                    PL_reg_start_tmpl = re->nparens*3/2 + 3;
+                    if(PL_reg_start_tmp)
+                        Renew(PL_reg_start_tmp, PL_reg_start_tmpl, char*);
+                    else
+                        Newx(PL_reg_start_tmp, PL_reg_start_tmpl, char*);
+                }                      
 
+        eval_recurse_doit: /* Share code with RECURSE below this line */                               
+               /* run the pattern returned from (??{...}) */
                ST.cp = regcppush(0);   /* Save *all* the positions. */
                REGCP_SET(ST.lastcp);
+               
+               PL_regstartp = re->startp; /* essentially NOOP on RECURSE */
+               PL_regendp = re->endp;     /* essentially NOOP on RECURSE */
+               
                *PL_reglastparen = 0;
                *PL_reglastcloseparen = 0;
                PL_reginput = locinput;
@@ -3346,59 +3465,56 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ const regmatch_info *reginfo, regnode *prog)
                /* XXXX This is too dramatic a measure... */
                PL_reg_maxiter = 0;
 
-               st->logical = 0;
-               ST.toggleutf = ((PL_reg_flags & RF_utf8) != 0) ^
-                           ((re->reganch & ROPT_UTF8) != 0);
-               if (ST.toggleutf) PL_reg_flags ^= RF_utf8;
+               ST.toggle_reg_flags = PL_reg_flags;
+               if (re->reganch & ROPT_UTF8)
+                   PL_reg_flags |= RF_utf8;
+               else
+                   PL_reg_flags &= ~RF_utf8;
+               ST.toggle_reg_flags ^= PL_reg_flags; /* diff of old and new */
+
                ST.prev_rex = rex;
+               ST.prev_curlyx = cur_curlyx;
                rex = re;
-
+               cur_curlyx = NULL;
                ST.B = next;
-               /* now continue  from first node in postoned RE */
-               PUSH_YES_STATE_GOTO(EVAL_A, re->program + 1);
+               ST.prev_eval = cur_eval;
+               cur_eval = st;
+               /* now continue from first node in postoned RE */
+               PUSH_YES_STATE_GOTO(EVAL_AB, startpoint);
                /* NOTREACHED */
            }
-           /* /(?(?{...})X|Y)/ */
-           st->sw = SvTRUE(ret);
-           st->logical = 0;
+           /* logical is 1,   /(?(?{...})X|Y)/ */
+           sw = (bool)SvTRUE(ret);
+           logical = 0;
            break;
        }
 
-       case EVAL_A: /* successfully ran inner rex (??{rex}) */
-           if (ST.toggleutf)
-               PL_reg_flags ^= RF_utf8;
+       case EVAL_AB: /* cleanup after a successful (??{A})B */
+           /* note: this is called twice; first after popping B, then A */
+           PL_reg_flags ^= ST.toggle_reg_flags; 
            ReREFCNT_dec(rex);
            rex = ST.prev_rex;
+           regcpblow(ST.cp);
+           cur_eval = ST.prev_eval;
+           cur_curlyx = ST.prev_curlyx;
            /* XXXX This is too dramatic a measure... */
            PL_reg_maxiter = 0;
-           /* Restore parens of the caller without popping the
-            * savestack */
-           {
-               const I32 tmp = PL_savestack_ix;
-               PL_savestack_ix = ST.lastcp;
-               regcppop(rex);
-               PL_savestack_ix = tmp;
-           }
-           PL_reginput = locinput;
-            /* continue at the node following the (??{...}) */
-           scan = ST.B;
-           continue;
+           sayYES;
+
 
-       case EVAL_A_fail: /* unsuccessfully ran inner rex (??{rex}) */
-           /* Restore state to the outer re then re-throw the failure */
-           if (ST.toggleutf)
-               PL_reg_flags ^= RF_utf8;
+       case EVAL_AB_fail: /* unsuccessfully ran A or B in (??{A})B */
+           /* note: this is called twice; first after popping B, then A */
+           PL_reg_flags ^= ST.toggle_reg_flags; 
            ReREFCNT_dec(rex);
            rex = ST.prev_rex;
-
-           /* XXXX This is too dramatic a measure... */
-           PL_reg_maxiter = 0;
-
            PL_reginput = locinput;
            REGCP_UNWIND(ST.lastcp);
            regcppop(rex);
+           cur_eval = ST.prev_eval;
+           cur_curlyx = ST.prev_curlyx;
+           /* XXXX This is too dramatic a measure... */
+           PL_reg_maxiter = 0;
            sayNO_SILENT;
-
 #undef ST
 
        case OPEN:
@@ -3414,14 +3530,17 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ const regmatch_info *reginfo, regnode *prog)
            if (n > (I32)*PL_reglastparen)
                *PL_reglastparen = n;
            *PL_reglastcloseparen = n;
+            if (cur_eval && cur_eval->u.eval.close_paren == (U32)n) {
+               goto fake_end;
+           }    
            break;
        case GROUPP:
            n = ARG(scan);  /* which paren pair */
-           st->sw = ((I32)*PL_reglastparen >= n && PL_regendp[n] != -1);
+           sw = (bool)((I32)*PL_reglastparen >= n && PL_regendp[n] != -1);
            break;
        case IFTHEN:
            PL_reg_leftiter = PL_reg_maxiter;           /* Void cache */
-           if (st->sw)
+           if (sw)
                next = NEXTOPER(NEXTOPER(scan));
            else {
                next = scan + ARG(scan);
@@ -3430,213 +3549,199 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ const regmatch_info *reginfo, regnode *prog)
            }
            break;
        case LOGICAL:
-           st->logical = scan->flags;
+           logical = scan->flags;
            break;
+
 /*******************************************************************
- cc points to the regmatch_state associated with the most recent CURLYX.
- This struct contains info about the innermost (...)* loop (an
- "infoblock"), and a pointer to the next outer cc.
 
- Here is how Y(A)*Z is processed (if it is compiled into CURLYX/WHILEM):
+The CURLYX/WHILEM pair of ops handle the most generic case of the /A*B/
+pattern, where A and B are subpatterns. (For simple A, CURLYM or
+STAR/PLUS/CURLY/CURLYN are used instead.)
 
-   1) After matching Y, regnode for CURLYX is processed;
+A*B is compiled as <CURLYX><A><WHILEM><B>
 
-   2) This regnode populates cc, and calls regmatch() recursively
-      with the starting point at WHILEM node;
+On entry to the subpattern, CURLYX is called. This pushes a CURLYX
+state, which contains the current count, initialised to -1. It also sets
+cur_curlyx to point to this state, with any previous value saved in the
+state block.
 
-   3) Each hit of WHILEM node tries to match A and Z (in the order
-      depending on the current iteration, min/max of {min,max} and
-      greediness).  The information about where are nodes for "A"
-      and "Z" is read from cc, as is info on how many times "A"
-      was already matched, and greediness.
+CURLYX then jumps straight to the WHILEM op, rather than executing A,
+since the pattern may possibly match zero times (i.e. it's a while {} loop
+rather than a do {} while loop).
 
-   4) After A matches, the same WHILEM node is hit again.
+Each entry to WHILEM represents a successful match of A. The count in the
+CURLYX block is incremented, another WHILEM state is pushed, and execution
+passes to A or B depending on greediness and the current count.
 
-   5) Each time WHILEM is hit, cc is the infoblock created by CURLYX
-      of the same pair.  Thus when WHILEM tries to match Z, it temporarily
-      resets cc, since this Y(A)*Z can be a part of some other loop:
-      as in (Y(A)*Z)*.  If Z matches, the automaton will hit the WHILEM node
-      of the external loop.
+For example, if matching against the string a1a2a3b (where the aN are
+substrings that match /A/), then the match progresses as follows: (the
+pushed states are interspersed with the bits of strings matched so far):
 
- Currently present infoblocks form a tree with a stem formed by st->cc
- and whatever it mentions via ->next, and additional attached trees
- corresponding to temporarily unset infoblocks as in "5" above.
+    <CURLYX cnt=-1>
+    <CURLYX cnt=0><WHILEM>
+    <CURLYX cnt=1><WHILEM> a1 <WHILEM>
+    <CURLYX cnt=2><WHILEM> a1 <WHILEM> a2 <WHILEM>
+    <CURLYX cnt=3><WHILEM> a1 <WHILEM> a2 <WHILEM> a3 <WHILEM>
+    <CURLYX cnt=3><WHILEM> a1 <WHILEM> a2 <WHILEM> a3 <WHILEM> b
 
- In the following picture, infoblocks for outer loop of
- (Y(A)*?Z)*?T are denoted O, for inner I.  NULL starting block
- is denoted by x.  The matched string is YAAZYAZT.  Temporarily postponed
- infoblocks are drawn below the "reset" infoblock.
+(Contrast this with something like CURLYM, which maintains only a single
+backtrack state:
 
- In fact in the picture below we do not show failed matches for Z and T
- by WHILEM blocks.  [We illustrate minimal matches, since for them it is
- more obvious *why* one needs to *temporary* unset infoblocks.]
+    <CURLYM cnt=0> a1
+    a1 <CURLYM cnt=1> a2
+    a1 a2 <CURLYM cnt=2> a3
+    a1 a2 a3 <CURLYM cnt=3> b
+)
 
-  Matched      REx position    InfoBlocks      Comment
-               (Y(A)*?Z)*?T    x
-               Y(A)*?Z)*?T     x <- O
-  Y            (A)*?Z)*?T      x <- O
-  Y            A)*?Z)*?T       x <- O <- I
-  YA           )*?Z)*?T        x <- O <- I
-  YA           A)*?Z)*?T       x <- O <- I
-  YAA          )*?Z)*?T        x <- O <- I
-  YAA          Z)*?T           x <- O          # Temporary unset I
-                                    I
+Each WHILEM state block marks a point to backtrack to upon partial failure
+of A or B, and also contains some minor state data related to that
+iteration.  The CURLYX block, pointed to by cur_curlyx, contains the
+overall state, such as the count, and pointers to the A and B ops.
 
-  YAAZ         Y(A)*?Z)*?T     x <- O
-                                    I
+This is complicated slightly by nested CURLYX/WHILEM's. Since cur_curlyx
+must always point to the *current* CURLYX block, the rules are:
 
-  YAAZY                (A)*?Z)*?T      x <- O
-                                    I
+When executing CURLYX, save the old cur_curlyx in the CURLYX state block,
+and set cur_curlyx to point the new block.
 
-  YAAZY                A)*?Z)*?T       x <- O <- I
-                                    I
+When popping the CURLYX block after a successful or unsuccessful match,
+restore the previous cur_curlyx.
 
-  YAAZYA       )*?Z)*?T        x <- O <- I     
-                                    I
+When WHILEM is about to execute B, save the current cur_curlyx, and set it
+to the outer one saved in the CURLYX block.
 
-  YAAZYA       Z)*?T           x <- O          # Temporary unset I
-                                    I,I
+When popping the WHILEM block after a successful or unsuccessful B match,
+restore the previous cur_curlyx.
 
-  YAAZYAZ      )*?T            x <- O
-                                    I,I
+Here's an example for the pattern (AI* BI)*BO
+I and O refer to inner and outer, C and W refer to CURLYX and WHILEM:
 
-  YAAZYAZ      T               x               # Temporary unset O
-                               O
-                               I,I
+cur_
+curlyx backtrack stack
+------ ---------------
+NULL   
+CO     <CO prev=NULL> <WO>
+CI     <CO prev=NULL> <WO> <CI prev=CO> <WI> ai 
+CO     <CO prev=NULL> <WO> <CI prev=CO> <WI> ai <WI prev=CI> bi 
+NULL   <CO prev=NULL> <WO> <CI prev=CO> <WI> ai <WI prev=CI> bi <WO prev=CO> bo
 
-  YAAZYAZT                     x
-                               O
-                               I,I
- *******************************************************************/
+At this point the pattern succeeds, and we work back down the stack to
+clean up, restoring as we go:
 
-       case CURLYX: {
-               /* No need to save/restore up to this paren */
-               parenfloor = scan->flags;
-               
-               /* Dave says:
-                  
-                  CURLYX and WHILEM are always paired: they're the moral
-                  equivalent of pp_enteriter anbd pp_iter.
-
-                  The only time next could be null is if the node tree is
-                  corrupt. This was mentioned on p5p a few days ago.
-
-                  See http://www.xray.mpe.mpg.de/mailing-lists/perl5-porters/2006-04/msg00556.html
-                  So we'll assert that this is true:
-               */
-               assert(next);
-               if (OP(PREVOPER(next)) == NOTHING) /* LONGJMP */
-                   next += ARG(next);
-               /* XXXX Probably it is better to teach regpush to support
-                  parenfloor > PL_regsize... */
-               if (parenfloor > (I32)*PL_reglastparen)
-                   parenfloor = *PL_reglastparen; /* Pessimization... */
-
-               st->u.curlyx.cp = PL_savestack_ix;
-               st->u.curlyx.outercc = st->cc;
-               st->cc = st;
-               /* these fields contain the state of the current curly.
-                * they are accessed by subsequent WHILEMs;
-                * cur and lastloc are also updated by WHILEM */
-               st->u.curlyx.parenfloor = parenfloor;
-               st->u.curlyx.cur = -1; /* this will be updated by WHILEM */
-               st->u.curlyx.min = ARG1(scan);
-               st->u.curlyx.max  = ARG2(scan);
-               st->u.curlyx.scan = NEXTOPER(scan) + EXTRA_STEP_2ARGS;
-               st->u.curlyx.lastloc = 0;
-               /* st->next and st->minmod are also read by WHILEM */
+CO     <CO prev=NULL> <WO> <CI prev=CO> <WI> ai <WI prev=CI> bi 
+CI     <CO prev=NULL> <WO> <CI prev=CO> <WI> ai 
+CO     <CO prev=NULL> <WO>
+NULL   
 
-               PL_reginput = locinput;
-               REGMATCH(PREVOPER(next), CURLYX); /* start on the WHILEM */
-               /*** all unsaved local vars undefined at this point */
-               regcpblow(st->u.curlyx.cp);
-               st->cc = st->u.curlyx.outercc;
-               saySAME(result);
-           }
+*******************************************************************/
+
+#define ST st->u.curlyx
+
+       case CURLYX:    /* start of /A*B/  (for complex A) */
+       {
+           /* No need to save/restore up to this paren */
+           I32 parenfloor = scan->flags;
+           
+           assert(next); /* keep Coverity happy */
+           if (OP(PREVOPER(next)) == NOTHING) /* LONGJMP */
+               next += ARG(next);
+
+           /* XXXX Probably it is better to teach regpush to support
+              parenfloor > PL_regsize... */
+           if (parenfloor > (I32)*PL_reglastparen)
+               parenfloor = *PL_reglastparen; /* Pessimization... */
+
+           ST.prev_curlyx= cur_curlyx;
+           cur_curlyx = st;
+           ST.cp = PL_savestack_ix;
+
+           /* these fields contain the state of the current curly.
+            * they are accessed by subsequent WHILEMs */
+           ST.parenfloor = parenfloor;
+           ST.min = ARG1(scan);
+           ST.max = ARG2(scan);
+           ST.A = NEXTOPER(scan) + EXTRA_STEP_2ARGS;
+           ST.B = next;
+           ST.minmod = minmod;
+           minmod = 0;
+           ST.count = -1;      /* this will be updated by WHILEM */
+           ST.lastloc = NULL;  /* this will be updated by WHILEM */
+
+           PL_reginput = locinput;
+           PUSH_YES_STATE_GOTO(CURLYX_end, PREVOPER(next));
            /* NOTREACHED */
-       case WHILEM: {
-               /*
-                * This is really hard to understand, because after we match
-                * what we're trying to match, we must make sure the rest of
-                * the REx is going to match for sure, and to do that we have
-                * to go back UP the parse tree by recursing ever deeper.  And
-                * if it fails, we have to reset our parent's current state
-                * that we can try again after backing off.
-                */
+       }
 
-               /* Dave says:
-
-                  st->cc gets initialised by CURLYX ready for use by WHILEM.
-                  So again, unless somethings been corrupted, st->cc cannot
-                  be null at that point in WHILEM.
-                  
-                  See http://www.xray.mpe.mpg.de/mailing-lists/perl5-porters/2006-04/msg00556.html
-                  So we'll assert that this is true:
-               */
-               assert(st->cc);
-               st->u.whilem.lastloc = st->cc->u.curlyx.lastloc; /* Detection of 0-len. */
-               st->u.whilem.cache_offset = 0;
-               st->u.whilem.cache_bit = 0;
-               
-               n = st->cc->u.curlyx.cur + 1; /* how many we know we matched */
-               PL_reginput = locinput;
+       case CURLYX_end: /* just finished matching all of A*B */
+           regcpblow(ST.cp);
+           cur_curlyx = ST.prev_curlyx;
+           sayYES;
+           /* NOTREACHED */
 
-               DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(
-                   PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
-                                 "%*s  %ld out of %ld..%ld  cc=%"UVxf"\n",
-                                 REPORT_CODE_OFF+PL_regindent*2, "",
-                                 (long)n, (long)st->cc->u.curlyx.min,
-                                 (long)st->cc->u.curlyx.max, PTR2UV(st->cc))
-                   );
+       case CURLYX_end_fail: /* just failed to match all of A*B */
+           regcpblow(ST.cp);
+           cur_curlyx = ST.prev_curlyx;
+           sayNO;
+           /* NOTREACHED */
 
-               /* If degenerate scan matches "", assume scan done. */
-
-               if (locinput == st->cc->u.curlyx.lastloc && n >= st->cc->u.curlyx.min) {
-                   st->u.whilem.savecc = st->cc;
-                   st->cc = st->cc->u.curlyx.outercc;
-                   if (st->cc)
-                       st->ln = st->cc->u.curlyx.cur;
-                   DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(
-                       PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
-                          "%*s  empty match detected, try continuation...\n",
-                          REPORT_CODE_OFF+PL_regindent*2, "")
-                       );
-                   REGMATCH(st->u.whilem.savecc->next, WHILEM1);
-                   /*** all unsaved local vars undefined at this point */
-                   st->cc = st->u.whilem.savecc;
-                   if (result)
-                       sayYES;
-                   if (st->cc->u.curlyx.outercc)
-                       st->cc->u.curlyx.outercc->u.curlyx.cur = st->ln;
-                   sayNO;
-               }
 
-               /* First just match a string of min scans. */
+#undef ST
+#define ST st->u.whilem
 
-               if (n < st->cc->u.curlyx.min) {
-                   st->cc->u.curlyx.cur = n;
-                   st->cc->u.curlyx.lastloc = locinput;
-                   REGMATCH(st->cc->u.curlyx.scan, WHILEM2);
-                   /*** all unsaved local vars undefined at this point */
-                   if (result)
-                       sayYES;
-                   st->cc->u.curlyx.cur = n - 1;
-                   st->cc->u.curlyx.lastloc = st->u.whilem.lastloc;
-                   sayNO;
-               }
+       case WHILEM:     /* just matched an A in /A*B/  (for complex A) */
+       {
+           /* see the discussion above about CURLYX/WHILEM */
+
+           I32 n;
+           assert(cur_curlyx); /* keep Coverity happy */
+           n = ++cur_curlyx->u.curlyx.count; /* how many A's matched */
+           ST.save_lastloc = cur_curlyx->u.curlyx.lastloc;
+           ST.cache_offset = 0;
+           ST.cache_mask = 0;
+           
+           PL_reginput = locinput;
+
+           DEBUG_EXECUTE_r( PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+                 "%*s  whilem: matched %ld out of %ld..%ld\n",
+                 REPORT_CODE_OFF+depth*2, "", (long)n,
+                 (long)cur_curlyx->u.curlyx.min,
+                 (long)cur_curlyx->u.curlyx.max)
+           );
+
+           /* First just match a string of min A's. */
+
+           if (n < cur_curlyx->u.curlyx.min) {
+               cur_curlyx->u.curlyx.lastloc = locinput;
+               PUSH_STATE_GOTO(WHILEM_A_pre, cur_curlyx->u.curlyx.A);
+               /* NOTREACHED */
+           }
+
+           /* If degenerate A matches "", assume A done. */
+
+           if (locinput == cur_curlyx->u.curlyx.lastloc) {
+               DEBUG_EXECUTE_r( PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+                  "%*s  whilem: empty match detected, trying continuation...\n",
+                  REPORT_CODE_OFF+depth*2, "")
+               );
+               goto do_whilem_B_max;
+           }
+
+           /* super-linear cache processing */
+
+           if (scan->flags) {
 
-               if (scan->flags) {
-                   /* Check whether we already were at this position.
-                       Postpone detection until we know the match is not
-                       *that* much linear. */
                if (!PL_reg_maxiter) {
+                   /* start the countdown: Postpone detection until we
+                    * know the match is not *that* much linear. */
                    PL_reg_maxiter = (PL_regeol - PL_bostr + 1) * (scan->flags>>4);
                    /* possible overflow for long strings and many CURLYX's */
                    if (PL_reg_maxiter < 0)
                        PL_reg_maxiter = I32_MAX;
                    PL_reg_leftiter = PL_reg_maxiter;
                }
+
                if (PL_reg_leftiter-- == 0) {
+                   /* initialise cache */
                    const I32 size = (PL_reg_maxiter + 7)/8;
                    if (PL_reg_poscache) {
                        if ((I32)PL_reg_poscache_size < size) {
@@ -3649,132 +3754,133 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ const regmatch_info *reginfo, regnode *prog)
                        PL_reg_poscache_size = size;
                        Newxz(PL_reg_poscache, size, char);
                    }
-                   DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(
-                       PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
-             "%sDetected a super-linear match, switching on caching%s...\n",
-                                     PL_colors[4], PL_colors[5])
-                       );
+                   DEBUG_EXECUTE_r( PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+      "%swhilem: Detected a super-linear match, switching on caching%s...\n",
+                             PL_colors[4], PL_colors[5])
+                   );
                }
+
                if (PL_reg_leftiter < 0) {
-                   st->u.whilem.cache_offset = locinput - PL_bostr;
-
-                   st->u.whilem.cache_offset = (scan->flags & 0xf) - 1
-                           + st->u.whilem.cache_offset * (scan->flags>>4);
-                   st->u.whilem.cache_bit = st->u.whilem.cache_offset % 8;
-                   st->u.whilem.cache_offset /= 8;
-                   if (PL_reg_poscache[st->u.whilem.cache_offset] & (1<<st->u.whilem.cache_bit)) {
-                   DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(
-                       PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
-                                     "%*s  already tried at this position...\n",
-                                     REPORT_CODE_OFF+PL_regindent*2, "")
+                   /* have we already failed at this position? */
+                   I32 offset, mask;
+                   offset  = (scan->flags & 0xf) - 1
+                               + (locinput - PL_bostr)  * (scan->flags>>4);
+                   mask    = 1 << (offset % 8);
+                   offset /= 8;
+                   if (PL_reg_poscache[offset] & mask) {
+                       DEBUG_EXECUTE_r( PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+                           "%*s  whilem: (cache) already tried at this position...\n",
+                           REPORT_CODE_OFF+depth*2, "")
                        );
                        sayNO; /* cache records failure */
                    }
+                   ST.cache_offset = offset;
+                   ST.cache_mask   = mask;
                }
-               }
+           }
 
-               /* Prefer next over scan for minimal matching. */
-
-               if (st->cc->minmod) {
-                   st->u.whilem.savecc = st->cc;
-                   st->cc = st->cc->u.curlyx.outercc;
-                   if (st->cc)
-                       st->ln = st->cc->u.curlyx.cur;
-                   st->u.whilem.cp = regcppush(st->u.whilem.savecc->u.curlyx.parenfloor);
-                   REGCP_SET(st->u.whilem.lastcp);
-                   REGMATCH(st->u.whilem.savecc->next, WHILEM3);
-                   /*** all unsaved local vars undefined at this point */
-                   st->cc = st->u.whilem.savecc;
-                   if (result) {
-                       regcpblow(st->u.whilem.cp);
-                       sayYES; /* All done. */
-                   }
-                   REGCP_UNWIND(st->u.whilem.lastcp);
-                   regcppop(rex);
-                   if (st->cc->u.curlyx.outercc)
-                       st->cc->u.curlyx.outercc->u.curlyx.cur = st->ln;
-
-                   if (n >= st->cc->u.curlyx.max) { /* Maximum greed exceeded? */
-                       if (ckWARN(WARN_REGEXP) && n >= REG_INFTY
-                           && !(PL_reg_flags & RF_warned)) {
-                           PL_reg_flags |= RF_warned;
-                           Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_REGEXP), "%s limit (%d) exceeded",
-                                "Complex regular subexpression recursion",
-                                REG_INFTY - 1);
-                       }
-                       CACHEsayNO;
-                   }
+           /* Prefer B over A for minimal matching. */
 
-                   DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(
-                       PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
-                                     "%*s  trying longer...\n",
-                                     REPORT_CODE_OFF+PL_regindent*2, "")
-                       );
-                   /* Try scanning more and see if it helps. */
-                   PL_reginput = locinput;
-                   st->cc->u.curlyx.cur = n;
-                   st->cc->u.curlyx.lastloc = locinput;
-                   st->u.whilem.cp = regcppush(st->cc->u.curlyx.parenfloor);
-                   REGCP_SET(st->u.whilem.lastcp);
-                   REGMATCH(st->cc->u.curlyx.scan, WHILEM4);
-                   /*** all unsaved local vars undefined at this point */
-                   if (result) {
-                       regcpblow(st->u.whilem.cp);
-                       sayYES;
-                   }
-                   REGCP_UNWIND(st->u.whilem.lastcp);
-                   regcppop(rex);
-                   st->cc->u.curlyx.cur = n - 1;
-                   st->cc->u.curlyx.lastloc = st->u.whilem.lastloc;
-                   CACHEsayNO;
-               }
+           if (cur_curlyx->u.curlyx.minmod) {
+               ST.save_curlyx = cur_curlyx;
+               cur_curlyx = cur_curlyx->u.curlyx.prev_curlyx;
+               ST.cp = regcppush(ST.save_curlyx->u.curlyx.parenfloor);
+               REGCP_SET(ST.lastcp);
+               PUSH_YES_STATE_GOTO(WHILEM_B_min, ST.save_curlyx->u.curlyx.B);
+               /* NOTREACHED */
+           }
 
-               /* Prefer scan over next for maximal matching. */
-
-               if (n < st->cc->u.curlyx.max) { /* More greed allowed? */
-                   st->u.whilem.cp = regcppush(st->cc->u.curlyx.parenfloor);
-                   st->cc->u.curlyx.cur = n;
-                   st->cc->u.curlyx.lastloc = locinput;
-                   REGCP_SET(st->u.whilem.lastcp);
-                   REGMATCH(st->cc->u.curlyx.scan, WHILEM5);
-                   /*** all unsaved local vars undefined at this point */
-                   if (result) {
-                       regcpblow(st->u.whilem.cp);
-                       sayYES;
-                   }
-                   REGCP_UNWIND(st->u.whilem.lastcp);
-                   regcppop(rex);      /* Restore some previous $<digit>s? */
-                   PL_reginput = locinput;
-                   DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(
-                       PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
-                                     "%*s  failed, try continuation...\n",
-                                     REPORT_CODE_OFF+PL_regindent*2, "")
-                       );
-               }
-               if (ckWARN(WARN_REGEXP) && n >= REG_INFTY
-                       && !(PL_reg_flags & RF_warned)) {
+           /* Prefer A over B for maximal matching. */
+
+           if (n < cur_curlyx->u.curlyx.max) { /* More greed allowed? */
+               ST.cp = regcppush(cur_curlyx->u.curlyx.parenfloor);
+               cur_curlyx->u.curlyx.lastloc = locinput;
+               REGCP_SET(ST.lastcp);
+               PUSH_STATE_GOTO(WHILEM_A_max, cur_curlyx->u.curlyx.A);
+               /* NOTREACHED */
+           }
+           goto do_whilem_B_max;
+       }
+       /* NOTREACHED */
+
+       case WHILEM_B_min: /* just matched B in a minimal match */
+       case WHILEM_B_max: /* just matched B in a maximal match */
+           cur_curlyx = ST.save_curlyx;
+           sayYES;
+           /* NOTREACHED */
+
+       case WHILEM_B_max_fail: /* just failed to match B in a maximal match */
+           cur_curlyx = ST.save_curlyx;
+           cur_curlyx->u.curlyx.lastloc = ST.save_lastloc;
+           cur_curlyx->u.curlyx.count--;
+           CACHEsayNO;
+           /* NOTREACHED */
+
+       case WHILEM_A_min_fail: /* just failed to match A in a minimal match */
+           REGCP_UNWIND(ST.lastcp);
+           regcppop(rex);
+           /* FALL THROUGH */
+       case WHILEM_A_pre_fail: /* just failed to match even minimal A */
+           cur_curlyx->u.curlyx.lastloc = ST.save_lastloc;
+           cur_curlyx->u.curlyx.count--;
+           CACHEsayNO;
+           /* NOTREACHED */
+
+       case WHILEM_A_max_fail: /* just failed to match A in a maximal match */
+           REGCP_UNWIND(ST.lastcp);
+           regcppop(rex);      /* Restore some previous $<digit>s? */
+           PL_reginput = locinput;
+           DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+               "%*s  whilem: failed, trying continuation...\n",
+               REPORT_CODE_OFF+depth*2, "")
+           );
+         do_whilem_B_max:
+           if (cur_curlyx->u.curlyx.count >= REG_INFTY
+               && ckWARN(WARN_REGEXP)
+               && !(PL_reg_flags & RF_warned))
+           {
+               PL_reg_flags |= RF_warned;
+               Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_REGEXP), "%s limit (%d) exceeded",
+                    "Complex regular subexpression recursion",
+                    REG_INFTY - 1);
+           }
+
+           /* now try B */
+           ST.save_curlyx = cur_curlyx;
+           cur_curlyx = cur_curlyx->u.curlyx.prev_curlyx;
+           PUSH_YES_STATE_GOTO(WHILEM_B_max, ST.save_curlyx->u.curlyx.B);
+           /* NOTREACHED */
+
+       case WHILEM_B_min_fail: /* just failed to match B in a minimal match */
+           cur_curlyx = ST.save_curlyx;
+           REGCP_UNWIND(ST.lastcp);
+           regcppop(rex);
+
+           if (cur_curlyx->u.curlyx.count >= cur_curlyx->u.curlyx.max) {
+               /* Maximum greed exceeded */
+               if (cur_curlyx->u.curlyx.count >= REG_INFTY
+                   && ckWARN(WARN_REGEXP)
+                   && !(PL_reg_flags & RF_warned))
+               {
                    PL_reg_flags |= RF_warned;
-                   Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_REGEXP), "%s limit (%d) exceeded",
-                        "Complex regular subexpression recursion",
-                        REG_INFTY - 1);
+                   Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_REGEXP),
+                       "%s limit (%d) exceeded",
+                       "Complex regular subexpression recursion",
+                       REG_INFTY - 1);
                }
-
-               /* Failed deeper matches of scan, so see if this one works. */
-               st->u.whilem.savecc = st->cc;
-               st->cc = st->cc->u.curlyx.outercc;
-               if (st->cc)
-                   st->ln = st->cc->u.curlyx.cur;
-               REGMATCH(st->u.whilem.savecc->next, WHILEM6);
-               /*** all unsaved local vars undefined at this point */
-               st->cc = st->u.whilem.savecc;
-               if (result)
-                   sayYES;
-               if (st->cc->u.curlyx.outercc)
-                   st->cc->u.curlyx.outercc->u.curlyx.cur = st->ln;
-               st->cc->u.curlyx.cur = n - 1;
-               st->cc->u.curlyx.lastloc = st->u.whilem.lastloc;
+               cur_curlyx->u.curlyx.count--;
                CACHEsayNO;
            }
+
+           DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
+               "%*s  trying longer...\n", REPORT_CODE_OFF+depth*2, "")
+           );
+           /* Try grabbing another A and see if it helps. */
+           PL_reginput = locinput;
+           cur_curlyx->u.curlyx.lastloc = locinput;
+           ST.cp = regcppush(cur_curlyx->u.curlyx.parenfloor);
+           REGCP_SET(ST.lastcp);
+           PUSH_STATE_GOTO(WHILEM_A_min, ST.save_curlyx->u.curlyx.A);
            /* NOTREACHED */
 
 #undef  ST
@@ -3814,7 +3920,7 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ const regmatch_info *reginfo, regnode *prog)
            /* NOTREACHED */
     
        case MINMOD:
-           st->minmod = 1;
+           minmod = 1;
            break;
 
 #undef  ST
@@ -3844,8 +3950,8 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ const regmatch_info *reginfo, regnode *prog)
            ST.B = next;
            ST.alen = 0;
            ST.count = 0;
-           ST.minmod = st->minmod;
-           st->minmod = 0;
+           ST.minmod = minmod;
+           minmod = 0;
            ST.c1 = CHRTEST_UNINIT;
            REGCP_SET(ST.cp);
 
@@ -3880,7 +3986,7 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ const regmatch_info *reginfo, regnode *prog)
            DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(
                PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
                          "%*s  CURLYM now matched %"IVdf" times, len=%"IVdf"...\n",
-                         (int)(REPORT_CODE_OFF+(PL_regindent*2)), "",
+                         (int)(REPORT_CODE_OFF+(depth*2)), "",
                          (IV) ST.count, (IV)ST.alen)
            );
 
@@ -3921,7 +4027,7 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ const regmatch_info *reginfo, regnode *prog)
            DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(
                PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
                    "%*s  CURLYM trying tail with matches=%"IVdf"...\n",
-                   (int)(REPORT_CODE_OFF+(PL_regindent*2)),
+                   (int)(REPORT_CODE_OFF+(depth*2)),
                    "", (IV)ST.count)
                );
            if (ST.c1 != CHRTEST_VOID
@@ -4073,8 +4179,8 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ const regmatch_info *reginfo, regnode *prog)
            ST.A = scan;
            ST.B = next;
            PL_reginput = locinput;
-           if (st->minmod) {
-               st->minmod = 0;
+           if (minmod) {
+               minmod = 0;
                if (ST.min && regrepeat(rex, ST.A, ST.min) < ST.min)
                    sayNO;
                ST.count = ST.min;
@@ -4259,6 +4365,40 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ const regmatch_info *reginfo, regnode *prog)
 
 
        case END:
+           fake_end:
+           if (cur_eval) {
+               /* we've just finished A in /(??{A})B/; now continue with B */
+               I32 tmpix;
+
+
+               st->u.eval.toggle_reg_flags
+                           = cur_eval->u.eval.toggle_reg_flags;
+               PL_reg_flags ^= st->u.eval.toggle_reg_flags; 
+
+               st->u.eval.prev_rex = rex;              /* inner */
+               rex    = cur_eval->u.eval.prev_rex;     /* outer */
+               cur_curlyx = cur_eval->u.eval.prev_curlyx;
+               ReREFCNT_inc(rex);
+               st->u.eval.cp = regcppush(0);   /* Save *all* the positions. */
+               REGCP_SET(st->u.eval.lastcp);
+               PL_reginput = locinput;
+
+               /* Restore parens of the outer rex without popping the
+                * savestack */
+               tmpix = PL_savestack_ix;
+               PL_savestack_ix = cur_eval->u.eval.lastcp;
+               regcppop(rex);
+               PL_savestack_ix = tmpix;
+
+               st->u.eval.prev_eval = cur_eval;
+               cur_eval = cur_eval->u.eval.prev_eval;
+               DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(
+                   PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "%*s  EVAL trying tail ... %x\n",
+                                     REPORT_CODE_OFF+depth*2, "",(int)cur_eval););
+               PUSH_YES_STATE_GOTO(EVAL_AB,
+                       st->u.eval.prev_eval->u.eval.B); /* match B */
+           }
+
            if (locinput < reginfo->till) {
                DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
                                      "%sMatch possible, but length=%ld is smaller than requested=%ld, failing!%s\n",
@@ -4266,18 +4406,18 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ const regmatch_info *reginfo, regnode *prog)
                                      (long)(locinput - PL_reg_starttry),
                                      (long)(reginfo->till - PL_reg_starttry),
                                      PL_colors[5]));
-               sayNO_FINAL;            /* Cannot match: too short. */
+               sayNO_SILENT;           /* Cannot match: too short. */
            }
            PL_reginput = locinput;     /* put where regtry can find it */
-           sayYES_FINAL;               /* Success! */
+           sayYES;                     /* Success! */
 
        case SUCCEED: /* successful SUSPEND/UNLESSM/IFMATCH/CURLYM */
            DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(
            PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
                "%*s  %ssubpattern success...%s\n",
-               REPORT_CODE_OFF+PL_regindent*2, "", PL_colors[4], PL_colors[5]));
+               REPORT_CODE_OFF+depth*2, "", PL_colors[4], PL_colors[5]));
            PL_reginput = locinput;     /* put where regtry can find it */
-           sayYES_FINAL;               /* Success! */
+           sayYES;                     /* Success! */
 
 #undef  ST
 #define ST st->u.ifmatch
@@ -4298,9 +4438,9 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ const regmatch_info *reginfo, regnode *prog)
                char * const s = HOPBACKc(locinput, scan->flags);
                if (!s) {
                    /* trivial fail */
-                   if (st->logical) {
-                       st->logical = 0;
-                       st->sw = 1 - (bool)ST.wanted;
+                   if (logical) {
+                       logical = 0;
+                       sw = 1 - (bool)ST.wanted;
                    }
                    else if (ST.wanted)
                        sayNO;
@@ -4316,6 +4456,7 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ const regmatch_info *reginfo, regnode *prog)
 
          do_ifmatch:
            ST.me = scan;
+           ST.logical = logical;
            /* execute body of (?...A) */
            PUSH_YES_STATE_GOTO(IFMATCH_A, NEXTOPER(NEXTOPER(scan)));
            /* NOTREACHED */
@@ -4325,9 +4466,8 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ const regmatch_info *reginfo, regnode *prog)
            /* FALL THROUGH */
 
        case IFMATCH_A: /* body of (?...A) succeeded */
-           if (st->logical) {
-               st->logical = 0;
-               st->sw = (bool)ST.wanted;
+           if (ST.logical) {
+               sw = (bool)ST.wanted;
            }
            else if (!ST.wanted)
                sayNO;
@@ -4370,20 +4510,13 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ const regmatch_info *reginfo, regnode *prog)
        {
            regmatch_state *newst;
 
+           DEBUG_STATE_pp("push");
            depth++;
-           DEBUG_STATE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
-                       "PUSH STATE(%d)\n", depth));
            st->locinput = locinput;
            newst = st+1; 
            if (newst >  SLAB_LAST(PL_regmatch_slab))
                newst = S_push_slab(aTHX);
            PL_regmatch_state = newst;
-           newst->cc = st->cc;
-           /* XXX probably don't need to initialise these */
-           newst->minmod = 0;
-           newst->sw = 0;
-           newst->logical = 0;
-
 
            locinput = PL_reginput;
            nextchr = UCHARAT(locinput);
@@ -4391,45 +4524,8 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ const regmatch_info *reginfo, regnode *prog)
            continue;
            /* NOTREACHED */
        }
-
-       /* simulate recursively calling regmatch(), but without actually
-        * recursing - ie save the current state on the heap rather than on
-        * the stack, then re-enter the loop. This avoids complex regexes
-        * blowing the processor stack */
-
-      start_recurse:
-       {
-           /* push new state */
-           regmatch_state *oldst = st;
-
-           depth++;
-           DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "PUSH RECURSE STATE(%d)\n", depth));
-
-           /* grab the next free state slot */
-           st++;
-           if (st >  SLAB_LAST(PL_regmatch_slab))
-               st = S_push_slab(aTHX);
-           PL_regmatch_state = st;
-
-           oldst->next = next;
-           oldst->n = n;
-           oldst->locinput = locinput;
-
-           st->cc = oldst->cc;
-           locinput = PL_reginput;
-           nextchr = UCHARAT(locinput);
-           st->minmod = 0;
-           st->sw = 0;
-           st->logical = 0;
-           
-#ifdef DEBUGGING
-           PL_regindent++;
-#endif
-       }
     }
 
-
-
     /*
     * We get here only if there's trouble -- normally "case END" is
     * the terminating point.
@@ -4438,13 +4534,22 @@ S_regmatch(pTHX_ const regmatch_info *reginfo, regnode *prog)
     /*NOTREACHED*/
     sayNO;
 
-yes_final:
-
+yes:
     if (yes_state) {
        /* we have successfully completed a subexpression, but we must now
         * pop to the state marked by yes_state and continue from there */
-
        assert(st != yes_state);
+#ifdef DEBUGGING
+       while (st != yes_state) {
+           st--;
+           if (st < SLAB_FIRST(PL_regmatch_slab)) {
+               PL_regmatch_slab = PL_regmatch_slab->prev;
+               st = SLAB_LAST(PL_regmatch_slab);
+           }
+           DEBUG_STATE_pp("pop (yes)");
+           depth--;
+       }
+#else
        while (yes_state < SLAB_FIRST(PL_regmatch_slab)
            || yes_state > SLAB_LAST(PL_regmatch_slab))
        {
@@ -4454,154 +4559,52 @@ yes_final:
            st = SLAB_LAST(PL_regmatch_slab);
        }
        depth -= (st - yes_state);
-       DEBUG_STATE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "POP STATES (%"UVuf"..%"UVuf")\n",
-           (UV)(depth+1), (UV)(depth+(st - yes_state))));
+#endif
        st = yes_state;
        yes_state = st->u.yes.prev_yes_state;
        PL_regmatch_state = st;
 
-       switch (st->resume_state) {
-       case IFMATCH_A:
-       case CURLYM_A:
-       case EVAL_A:
-           state_num = st->resume_state;
-           goto reenter_switch;
-
-       case CURLYM_B:
-       case BRANCH_next:
-       case TRIE_next:
-       case CURLY_B_max:
-       default:
-           Perl_croak(aTHX_ "unexpected yes resume state");
-       }
+       state_num = st->resume_state;
+       goto reenter_switch;
     }
 
     DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "%sMatch successful!%s\n",
                          PL_colors[4], PL_colors[5]));
-yes:
-#ifdef DEBUGGING
-    PL_regindent--;
-#endif
 
     result = 1;
-    /* XXX this is duplicate(ish) code to that in the do_no section.
-     * will disappear when REGFMATCH goes */
-    if (depth) {
-       /* restore previous state and re-enter */
-       DEBUG_STATE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "POP STATE(%d)\n", depth));
-       depth--;
-       st--;
-       if (st < SLAB_FIRST(PL_regmatch_slab)) {
-           PL_regmatch_slab = PL_regmatch_slab->prev;
-           st = SLAB_LAST(PL_regmatch_slab);
-       }
-       PL_regmatch_state = st;
-       scan    = st->scan;
-       next    = st->next;
-       n       = st->n;
-       locinput= st->locinput;
-       nextchr = UCHARAT(locinput);
-
-       switch (st->resume_state) {
-       case resume_CURLYX:
-           goto resume_point_CURLYX;
-       case resume_WHILEM1:
-           goto resume_point_WHILEM1;
-       case resume_WHILEM2:
-           goto resume_point_WHILEM2;
-       case resume_WHILEM3:
-           goto resume_point_WHILEM3;
-       case resume_WHILEM4:
-           goto resume_point_WHILEM4;
-       case resume_WHILEM5:
-           goto resume_point_WHILEM5;
-       case resume_WHILEM6:
-           goto resume_point_WHILEM6;
-
-       case TRIE_next:
-       case CURLYM_A:
-       case CURLYM_B:
-       case EVAL_A:
-       case IFMATCH_A:
-       case BRANCH_next:
-       case CURLY_B_max:
-       case CURLY_B_min:
-       case CURLY_B_min_known:
-           break;
-
-       default:
-           Perl_croak(aTHX_ "regexp resume memory corruption");
-       }
-    }
     goto final_exit;
 
 no:
     DEBUG_EXECUTE_r(
        PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
             "%*s  %sfailed...%s\n",
-            REPORT_CODE_OFF+PL_regindent*2, "", 
+            REPORT_CODE_OFF+depth*2, "", 
             PL_colors[4], PL_colors[5])
        );
-no_final:
-do_no:
-
-#ifdef DEBUGGING
-    PL_regindent--;
-#endif
-    result = 0;
 
+no_silent:
     if (depth) {
        /* there's a previous state to backtrack to */
-       DEBUG_STATE_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "POP STATE(%d)\n", depth));
-       depth--;
        st--;
        if (st < SLAB_FIRST(PL_regmatch_slab)) {
            PL_regmatch_slab = PL_regmatch_slab->prev;
            st = SLAB_LAST(PL_regmatch_slab);
        }
        PL_regmatch_state = st;
-       scan    = st->scan;
-       next    = st->next;
-       n       = st->n;
        locinput= st->locinput;
        nextchr = UCHARAT(locinput);
 
-       switch (st->resume_state) {
-       case resume_CURLYX:
-           goto resume_point_CURLYX;
-       case resume_WHILEM1:
-           goto resume_point_WHILEM1;
-       case resume_WHILEM2:
-           goto resume_point_WHILEM2;
-       case resume_WHILEM3:
-           goto resume_point_WHILEM3;
-       case resume_WHILEM4:
-           goto resume_point_WHILEM4;
-       case resume_WHILEM5:
-           goto resume_point_WHILEM5;
-       case resume_WHILEM6:
-           goto resume_point_WHILEM6;
-
-       case TRIE_next:
-       case EVAL_A:
-       case BRANCH_next:
-       case CURLYM_A:
-       case CURLYM_B:
-       case IFMATCH_A:
-       case CURLY_B_max:
-       case CURLY_B_min:
-       case CURLY_B_min_known:
-           if (yes_state == st)
-               yes_state = st->u.yes.prev_yes_state;
-           state_num = st->resume_state + 1; /* failure = success + 1 */
-           goto reenter_switch;
+       DEBUG_STATE_pp("pop");
+       depth--;
+       if (yes_state == st)
+           yes_state = st->u.yes.prev_yes_state;
 
-       default:
-           Perl_croak(aTHX_ "regexp resume memory corruption");
-       }
+       state_num = st->resume_state + 1; /* failure = success + 1 */
+       goto reenter_switch;
     }
+    result = 0;
 
-final_exit:
+  final_exit:
 
     /* restore original high-water mark */
     PL_regmatch_slab  = orig_slab;
@@ -4619,7 +4622,6 @@ final_exit:
     }
 
     return result;
-
 }
 
 /*
@@ -4944,7 +4946,7 @@ S_reginclass(pTHX_ const regexp *prog, register const regnode *n, register const
        c = utf8n_to_uvchr(p, UTF8_MAXBYTES, &len,
                (UTF8_ALLOW_DEFAULT & UTF8_ALLOW_ANYUV) | UTF8_CHECK_ONLY);
                /* see [perl #37836] for UTF8_ALLOW_ANYUV */
-       if (len == (STRLEN)-1)
+       if (len == (STRLEN)-1) 
            Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Malformed UTF-8 character (fatal)");
     }
 
@@ -5064,20 +5066,47 @@ S_reghop3(U8 *s, I32 off, const U8* lim)
        }
     }
     else {
-       while (off++) {
-           if (s > lim) {
-               s--;
-               if (UTF8_IS_CONTINUED(*s)) {
-                   while (s > (U8*)lim && UTF8_IS_CONTINUATION(*s))
-                       s--;
-               }
-               /* XXX could check well-formedness here */
+        while (off++ && s > lim) {
+            s--;
+            if (UTF8_IS_CONTINUED(*s)) {
+                while (s > lim && UTF8_IS_CONTINUATION(*s))
+                    s--;
            }
+            /* XXX could check well-formedness here */
        }
     }
     return s;
 }
 
+#ifdef XXX_dmq
+/* there are a bunch of places where we use two reghop3's that should
+   be replaced with this routine. but since thats not done yet 
+   we ifdef it out - dmq
+*/
+STATIC U8 *
+S_reghop4(U8 *s, I32 off, const U8* llim, const U8* rlim)
+{
+    dVAR;
+    if (off >= 0) {
+        while (off-- && s < rlim) {
+            /* XXX could check well-formedness here */
+            s += UTF8SKIP(s);
+        }
+    }
+    else {
+        while (off++ && s > llim) {
+            s--;
+            if (UTF8_IS_CONTINUED(*s)) {
+                while (s > llim && UTF8_IS_CONTINUATION(*s))
+                    s--;
+            }
+            /* XXX could check well-formedness here */
+        }
+    }
+    return s;
+}
+#endif
+
 STATIC U8 *
 S_reghopmaybe3(U8* s, I32 off, const U8* lim)
 {
@@ -5091,17 +5120,13 @@ S_reghopmaybe3(U8* s, I32 off, const U8* lim)
            return NULL;
     }
     else {
-       while (off++) {
-           if (s > lim) {
-               s--;
-               if (UTF8_IS_CONTINUED(*s)) {
-                   while (s > (U8*)lim && UTF8_IS_CONTINUATION(*s))
-                       s--;
-               }
-               /* XXX could check well-formedness here */
+        while (off++ && s > lim) {
+            s--;
+            if (UTF8_IS_CONTINUED(*s)) {
+                while (s > lim && UTF8_IS_CONTINUATION(*s))
+                    s--;
            }
-           else
-               break;
+            /* XXX could check well-formedness here */
        }
        if (off <= 0)
            return NULL;