If you read this file _as_is_, just ignore the funny characters you
-see. It is written in the POD format (see pod/perlpod.pod) which is
+see. It is written in the POD format (see F<pod/perlpod.pod>) which is
specially designed to be readable as is.
=head1 NAME
-README.cygwin - Perl for Cygwin
+perlcygwin - Perl for Cygwin
=head1 SYNOPSIS
A recent net or commercial release of Cygwin is required.
-At the time this document was last updated, Cygwin 1.5.24 was current.
+At the time this document was last updated, Cygwin 1.7.10 was current.
=head2 Cygwin Configuration
Perl usage.
B<NOTE:> The binaries that are built will run on all Win32 versions.
-They do not depend on your host system (Win9x/WinME, WinNT/Win2K)
-or your Cygwin configuration (I<ntea>, I<ntsec>, binary/text mounts).
+They do not depend on your host system (WinXP/Win2K/Win7) or your
+Cygwin configuration (binary/text mounts, cvgserver).
The only dependencies come from hard-coded pathnames like C</usr/local>.
However, your host system and Cygwin configuration will affect Perl's
runtime behavior (see L</"TEST">).
=item * C<PATH>
Set the C<PATH> environment variable so that Configure finds the Cygwin
-versions of programs. Any Windows directories should be removed or
+versions of programs. Any not-needed Windows directories should be removed or
moved to the end of your C<PATH>.
=item * I<nroff>
If you do not have I<nroff> (which is part of the I<groff> package),
Configure will B<not> prompt you to install I<man> pages.
-=item * Permissions
-
-On WinNT with either the I<ntea> or I<ntsec> C<CYGWIN> settings, directory
-and file permissions may not be set correctly. Since the build process
-creates directories and files, to be safe you may want to run a
-C<chmod -R +w *> on the entire Perl source tree.
-
-Also, it is a well known WinNT "feature" that files created by a login
-that is a member of the I<Administrators> group will be owned by the
-I<Administrators> group. Depending on your umask, you may find that you
-can not write to files that you just created (because you are no longer
-the owner). When using the I<ntsec> C<CYGWIN> setting, this is not an
-issue because it "corrects" the ownership to what you would expect on
-a UNIX system.
-
=back
=head1 CONFIGURE PERL ON CYGWIN
The default options gathered by Configure with the assistance of
F<hints/cygwin.sh> will build a Perl that supports dynamic loading
-(which requires a shared F<libperl.dll>).
+(which requires a shared F<cygperl5_16.dll>).
This will run Configure and keep a record:
Alternatively, the crypt libraries in GNU libc have been ported to Cygwin.
-The DES based Ultra Fast Crypt port was done by Alexey Truhan:
-
- ftp://ftp.franken.de/pub/win32/develop/gnuwin32/cygwin/porters/Okhapkin_Sergey/cw32crypt-dist-0.tgz
-
-NOTE: There are various export restrictions on DES implementations,
-see the glibc README for more details.
-
-The MD5 port was done by Andy Piper:
-
- ftp://ftp.franken.de/pub/win32/develop/gnuwin32/cygwin/porters/Okhapkin_Sergey/libcrypt.tgz
-
=item * C<-lgdbm_compat> (C<use GDBM_File>)
GDBM is available for Cygwin.
BerkeleyDB is available for Cygwin.
-NOTE: The BerkeleyDB library only completely works on NTFS partitions
-and db-4.3 is flawed.
+NOTE: The BerkeleyDB library only completely works on NTFS partitions.
=item * C<cygserver> (C<use IPC::SysV>)
Undefining this symbol forces Perl to be compiled statically.
-=item * C<-Uusemymalloc>
+=item * C<-Dusemymalloc>
-By default Perl uses the C<malloc()> included with the Perl source. If you
-want to force Perl to build with the system C<malloc()> undefine this symbol.
+By default Perl does not use the C<malloc()> included with the Perl source,
+because it was slower and not entirely thread-safe. If you want to force
+Perl to build with the old -Dusemymalloc define this.
=item * C<-Uuseperlio>
=item * C<-Dusemultiplicity>
Multiplicity is required when embedding Perl in a C program and using
-more than one interpreter instance. This works with the Cygwin port.
+more than one interpreter instance. This is only required when you build
+a not-threaded perl with C<-Uuseithreads>.
-=item * C<-Duse64bitint>
+=item * C<-Uuse64bitint>
-By default Perl uses 32 bit integers. If you want to use larger 64
-bit integers, define this symbol.
+By default Perl uses 64 bit integers. If you want to use smaller 32 bit
+integers, define this symbol.
=item * C<-Duselongdouble>
long double math functions are necessary to use them within Perl
(I<{atan2, cos, exp, floor, fmod, frexp, isnan, log, modf, pow, sin, sqrt}l,
strtold>).
-These are B<not> yet available with Cygwin.
+These are B<not> yet available with newlib, the Cygwin libc.
-=item * C<-Dusethreads>
+=item * C<-Uuseithreads>
-POSIX threads are implemented in Cygwin, define this symbol if you want
-a threaded perl.
+Define this symbol if you want not-threaded faster perl.
=item * C<-Duselargefiles>
=item * C<-Dmksymlinks>
-Use this to build perl outside of the source tree. This works with Cygwin.
-Details can be found in the F<INSTALL> document. This is the recommended
-way to build perl from sources.
+Use this to build perl outside of the source tree. Details can be
+found in the F<INSTALL> document. This is the recommended way to
+build perl from sources.
=back
=item * Pathnames
-Cygwin pathnames can be separated by forward (F</>) or backward (F<\\>)
-slashes. They may also begin with drive letters (F<C:>) or Universal
-Naming Codes (F<//UNC>). DOS device names (F<aux>, F<con>, F<prn>,
-F<com*>, F<lpt?>, F<nul>) are invalid as base filenames. However, they
-can be used in extensions (e.g., F<hello.aux>). Names may contain all
-printable characters except these:
-
- : * ? " < > |
+Cygwin pathnames are separated by forward (F</>) slashes, Universal
+Naming Codes (F<//UNC>) are also supported Since cygwin-1.7 non-POSIX
+pathnames are disencouraged. Names may contain all printable
+characters.
File names are case insensitive, but case preserving. A pathname that
-contains a backslash or drive letter is a Win32 pathname (and not subject
-to the translations applied to POSIX style pathnames).
+contains a backslash or drive letter is a Win32 pathname, and not
+subject to the translations applied to POSIX style pathnames, but
+cygwin will warn you, so better convert them to POSIX.
For conversion we have C<Cygwin::win_to_posix_path()> and
C<Cygwin::posix_to_win_path()>.
-Pathnames may not contain Unicode characters. C<Cygwin> still uses the
-ANSI API calls and no Unicode calls because of newlib deficiencies.
-There's an unofficial unicode patch for cygwin at
-L<http://www.okisoft.co.jp/esc/utf8-cygwin/>
+Since cygwin-1.7 pathnames are UTF-8 encoded.
=item * Text/Binary
+Since cywgin-1.7 textmounts are deprecated and stronlgy discouraged.
+
When a file is opened it is in either text or binary mode. In text mode
a file is subject to CR/LF/Ctrl-Z translations. With Cygwin, the default
mode for an C<open()> is determined by the mode of the mount that underlies
(unless a F<foo> also exists). Cygwin does not require a F<.exe>
extension, but I<gcc> adds it automatically when building a program.
However, when accessing an executable as a normal file (e.g., I<cp>
-in a makefile) the F<.exe> is not transparent. The I<install> included
-with Cygwin automatically appends a F<.exe> when necessary.
+in a makefile) the F<.exe> is not transparent. The I<install> program
+included with Cygwin automatically appends a F<.exe> when necessary.
=item * Cygwin vs. Windows process ids
Under Cygwin, $^E is the same as $!. When using L<Win32 API Functions|Win32>,
use C<Win32::GetLastError()> to get the last Windows error.
+=item * rebase errors on fork or system
+
+Using C<fork()> or C<system()> out to another perl after loading multiple dlls
+may result on a DLL baseaddress conflict. The internal cygwin error
+looks like like the following:
+
+ 0 [main] perl 8916 child_info_fork::abort: data segment start: parent
+ (0xC1A000) != child(0xA6A000)
+
+or:
+
+ 183 [main] perl 3588 C:\cygwin\bin\perl.exe: *** fatal error - unable to remap C:\cygwin\bin\cygsvn_subr-1-0.dll to same address as parent(0x6FB30000) != 0x6FE60000
+ 46 [main] perl 3488 fork: child 3588 - died waiting for dll loading, errno11
+
+See L<http://cygwin.com/faq/faq-nochunks.html#faq.using.fixing-fork-failures>
+It helps if not too many DLLs are loaded in memory so the available address space is larger,
+e.g. stopping the MS Internet Explorer might help.
+
+Use the perlrebase or rebase utilities to resolve the conflicting dll addresses.
+The rebase package is included in the Cygwin setup. Use F<setup.exe>
+from L<http://www.cygwin.com/setup.exe> to install it.
+
+1. kill all perl processes and run C<perlrebase> or
+
+2. kill all cygwin processes and services, start dash from cmd.exe and run C<rebaseall>.
+
=item * C<chown()>
On WinNT C<chown()> can change a file's user and group IDs. On Win9x C<chown()>
therefore Perl adds the suffix C<.bak> automatically if you use C<perl -i>
without specifying a backup extension.
-Using C<fork()> after loading multiple dlls may fail with an internal cygwin
-error like the following:
-
- C:\CYGWIN\BIN\PERL.EXE: *** couldn't allocate memory 0x10000(4128768) for 'C:\CYGWIN\LIB\PERL5\5.6.1\CYGWIN-MULTI\AUTO\SOCKET\SOCKET.DLL' alignment, Win32 error 8
-
- 200 [main] perl 377147 sync_with_child: child -395691(0xB8) died before initialization with status code 0x1
- 1370 [main] perl 377147 sync_with_child: *** child state child loading dlls
-
-Use the rebase utility to resolve the conflicting dll addresses. The
-rebase package is included in the Cygwin netrelease. Use setup.exe from
-L<http://www.cygwin.com/setup.exe> to install it and run rebaseall.
-
=back
=head2 Prebuilt methods:
Returns true if the given cygwin path is binary mounted, false if the
path is mounted in textmode.
+=item C<Cygwin::sync_winenv>
+
+Cygwin does not initialize all original Win32 environment variables.
+See the bottom of this page L<http://cygwin.com/cygwin-ug-net/setup-env.html>
+for "Restricted Win32 environment".
+
+Certain Win32 programs called from cygwin programs might need some environment
+variable, such as e.g. ADODB needs %COMMONPROGRAMFILES%.
+Call Cygwin::sync_winenv() to copy all Win32 environment variables to your
+process and note that cygwin will warn on every encounter of non-POSIX paths.
+
=back
=head1 INSTALL PERL ON CYGWIN
pod/perl561delta.pod pod/perl570delta.pod pod/perl572delta.pod
pod/perl573delta.pod pod/perl58delta.pod pod/perl581delta.pod
pod/perl590delta.pod pod/perlhist.pod pod/perlmodlib.pod
- pod/perltoc.pod pod.lst Porting/Glossary pod/perlgit.pod
+ pod/perltoc.pod Porting/Glossary pod/perlgit.pod
Porting/checkAUTHORS.pl
dist/Cwd/Changes ext/Compress-Raw-Zlib/Changes
ext/Compress-Raw-Zlib/README ext/Compress-Zlib/Changes
=head1 HISTORY
-Last updated: 2007-09-25
+Last updated: 2012-02-08
https://perl5.git.perl.org / perl5.git / blobdiff