If you read this file _as_is_, just ignore the funny characters you see. It is written in the POD format (see pod/perlpod.pod) which is specially designed to be readable as is. =head1 NAME README.aix - Perl version 5 on IBM Unix (AIX) systems =head1 DESCRIPTION This document describes various features of IBM's Unix operating system (AIX) that will affect how Perl version 5 (hereafter just Perl) is compiled and/or runs. =head2 Compiling Perl 5 on AIX When compiling Perl, you must use an ANSI C compiler. AIX does not ship an ANSI compliant C-compiler with AIX by default, but binary builds of gcc for AIX are widely available. At the moment of writing, AIX supports two different native C compilers, for which you have to pay: B and B. If you decide to use either of these two (which is quite a lot easier than using gcc), be sure to upgrade to the latest available patch level. Currently: xlC.C 3.1.4.0 vac.C 4.4.0.3 or 5.0.2.0 Perl can be compiled with either IBM's ANSI C compiler or with gcc. The former is recommended, as not only can it compile Perl with no difficulty, but also can take advantage of features listed later that require the use of IBM compiler-specific command-line flags. The IBM's compiler patch levels 5.0.0.0 and 5.0.1.0 have compiler optimization bugs that affect compiling perl.c and regcomp.c, respectively. If Perl's configuration detects those compiler patch levels, optimization is turned off for the said source code files. Upgrading to at least 5.0.2.0 is recommended. If you decide to use gcc, make sure your installation is recent and complete, and be sure to read the Perl README file for more gcc-specific details. Please report any hoops you had to jump through to the development team. =head2 OS level Before installing the patches to the IBM C-compiler you need to know the level of patching for the Operating System. IBM's command 'oslevel' will show the base, but is not always complete: # oslevel 4.3.0.0 # lslpp -l | grep 'bos.rte ' bos.rte 4.3.2.1 COMMITTED Base Operating System Runtime bos.rte 4.3.2.0 COMMITTED Base Operating System Runtime # =head2 Building Dynamic Extensions on AIX AIX supports dynamically loadable objects as well as shared libraries. Shared libraries by convention end with the suffix .a, which is a bit misleading, as an archive can contain static as well as dynamic members. For perl dynamically loaded objects we use the .so suffix also used on many other platforms. Note that starting from Perl 5.7.2 (and consequently 5.8.0) and AIX 4.3 or newer Perl uses the AIX native dynamic loading interface in the so called runtime linking mode instead of the emulated interface that was used in Perl releases 5.6.1 and earlier or, for AIX releases 4.2 and earlier. This change does break backward compatibility with compiled modules from earlier perl releases. The change was made to make Perl more compliant with other applications like Apache/modperl which are using the AIX native interface. This change also enables the use of C++ code with static constructors and destructors in perl extensions, which was not possible using the emulated interface. =head2 The IBM ANSI C Compiler All defaults for Configure can be used. If you've chosen to use vac 4, be sure to run 4.4.0.3. Older versions will turn up nasty later on. For vac 5 be sure to run at least 5.0.1.0. Here's a brief lead of how to upgrade the compiler to the latest level. Of course this is subject to changes. You can only upgrade versions from ftp-available updates if the first three digit groups are the same (in where you can skip intermediate unlike the patches in the developer snapshots of perl), or to one version up where the `base' is available. In other words, the AIX compiler patches are cumulative. vac.C.4.4.0.1 => vac.C.4.4.0.3 is OK (vac.C.4.4.0.2 not needed) xlC.C.3.1.3.3 => xlC.C.3.1.4.10 is NOT OK (xlC.C.3.1.4.0 is not available) # ftp ftp.software.ibm.com Connected to service.boulder.ibm.com. : welcome message ... Name (ftp.software.ibm.com:merijn): anonymous 331 Guest login ok, send your complete e-mail address as password. Password: ... accepted login stuff ftp> cd /aix/fixes/v4/ ftp> dir other other.ll output to local-file: other.ll? y 200 PORT command successful. 150 Opening ASCII mode data connection for /bin/ls. 226 Transfer complete. ftp> dir xlc xlc.ll output to local-file: xlc.ll? y 200 PORT command successful. 150 Opening ASCII mode data connection for /bin/ls. 226 Transfer complete. ftp> bye ... goodbye messages # ls -l *.ll -rw-rw-rw- 1 merijn system 1169432 Nov 2 17:29 other.ll -rw-rw-rw- 1 merijn system 29170 Nov 2 17:29 xlc.ll On AIX 4.2 using xlC, we continue: # lslpp -l | fgrep 'xlC.C ' xlC.C 3.1.4.9 COMMITTED C for AIX Compiler xlC.C 3.1.4.0 COMMITTED C for AIX Compiler # grep 'xlC.C.3.1.4.*.bff' xlc.ll -rw-r--r-- 1 45776101 1 6286336 Jul 22 1996 xlC.C.3.1.4.1.bff -rw-rw-r-- 1 45776101 1 6173696 Aug 24 1998 xlC.C.3.1.4.10.bff -rw-r--r-- 1 45776101 1 6319104 Aug 14 1996 xlC.C.3.1.4.2.bff -rw-r--r-- 1 45776101 1 6316032 Oct 21 1996 xlC.C.3.1.4.3.bff -rw-r--r-- 1 45776101 1 6315008 Dec 20 1996 xlC.C.3.1.4.4.bff -rw-rw-r-- 1 45776101 1 6178816 Mar 28 1997 xlC.C.3.1.4.5.bff -rw-rw-r-- 1 45776101 1 6188032 May 22 1997 xlC.C.3.1.4.6.bff -rw-rw-r-- 1 45776101 1 6191104 Sep 5 1997 xlC.C.3.1.4.7.bff -rw-rw-r-- 1 45776101 1 6185984 Jan 13 1998 xlC.C.3.1.4.8.bff -rw-rw-r-- 1 45776101 1 6169600 May 27 1998 xlC.C.3.1.4.9.bff # wget ftp://ftp.software.ibm.com/aix/fixes/v4/xlc/xlC.C.3.1.4.10.bff # On AIX 4.3 using vac, we continue: # lslpp -l | fgrep 'vac.C ' vac.C 4.4.0.2 COMMITTED C for AIX Compiler vac.C 4.4.0.0 COMMITTED C for AIX Compiler # grep 'vac.C.4.4.0.*.bff' other.ll -rw-rw-r-- 1 45776101 1 13466624 May 26 1999 vac.C.4.4.0.1.bff -rw-rw-r-- 1 45776101 1 13473792 Aug 31 1999 vac.C.4.4.0.2.bff -rw-rw-r-- 1 45776101 1 13480960 May 19 20:32 vac.C.4.4.0.3.bff # wget ftp://ftp.software.ibm.com/aix/fixes/v4/other/vac.C.4.4.0.3.bff # Then execute the following command, and fill in its choices # smit install_update -> Install and Update from LATEST Available Software * INPUT device / directory for software [ vac.C.4.4.0.3.bff ] [ OK ] [ OK ] Follow the messages ... and you're done. =head2 Using GNU's gcc for building perl We're working on this using gcc-3.0 ... (any input highly appreciated) =head2 Using Large Files with Perl Should yield no problems. =head2 Threaded Perl Threads seem to work OK, though at the moment not all tests pass when threads are used in combination with 64bit configurations. =head2 64-bit Perl If your AIX is installed with 64-bit support, you can expect 64bit configurations to work. In combination with threads some tests might still fail. =head2 AIX 4.2 and extensions using C++ with statics In AIX 4.2 Perl extensions that use C++ functions that use statics may have problems in that the statics are not getting initialized. In newer AIX releases this has been solved by linking Perl with the libC_r library, but unfortunately in AIX 4.2 the said library has an obscure bug where the various functions related to time (such as time() and gettimeofday()) return broken values, and therefore in AIX 4.2 Perl is not linked against the libC_r. =head1 AUTHOR H.Merijn Brand Structure copied from README.hpux =head1 DATE Version 0.0.3: 12 Jul 2001 =cut