3 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000,
4 * 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009 by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * 'Mercy!' cried Gandalf. 'If the giving of information is to be the cure
13 * of your inquisitiveness, I shall spend all the rest of my days in answering
14 * you. What more do you want to know?'
15 * 'The names of all the stars, and of all living things, and the whole
16 * history of Middle-earth and Over-heaven and of the Sundering Seas,'
19 * [p.599 of _The Lord of the Rings_, III/xi: "The PalantÃr"]
25 A GV is a structure which corresponds to to a Perl typeglob, ie *foo.
26 It is a structure that holds a pointer to a scalar, an array, a hash etc,
27 corresponding to $foo, @foo, %foo.
29 GVs are usually found as values in stashes (symbol table hashes) where
30 Perl stores its global variables.
42 static const char S_autoload[] = "AUTOLOAD";
43 static const STRLEN S_autolen = sizeof(S_autoload)-1;
46 Perl_gv_add_by_type(pTHX_ GV *gv, svtype type)
53 SvTYPE((const SV *)gv) != SVt_PVGV
54 && SvTYPE((const SV *)gv) != SVt_PVLV
58 if (type == SVt_PVIO) {
60 * if it walks like a dirhandle, then let's assume that
61 * this is a dirhandle.
63 what = OP_IS_DIRHOP(PL_op->op_type) ?
64 "dirhandle" : "filehandle";
65 } else if (type == SVt_PVHV) {
68 what = type == SVt_PVAV ? "array" : "scalar";
70 /* diag_listed_as: Bad symbol for filehandle */
71 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for %s", what);
74 if (type == SVt_PVHV) {
75 where = (SV **)&GvHV(gv);
76 } else if (type == SVt_PVAV) {
77 where = (SV **)&GvAV(gv);
78 } else if (type == SVt_PVIO) {
79 where = (SV **)&GvIOp(gv);
85 *where = newSV_type(type);
90 Perl_gv_fetchfile(pTHX_ const char *name)
92 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHFILE;
93 return gv_fetchfile_flags(name, strlen(name), 0);
97 Perl_gv_fetchfile_flags(pTHX_ const char *const name, const STRLEN namelen,
103 const STRLEN tmplen = namelen + 2;
106 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHFILE_FLAGS;
107 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
112 if (tmplen <= sizeof smallbuf)
115 Newx(tmpbuf, tmplen, char);
116 /* This is where the debugger's %{"::_<$filename"} hash is created */
119 memcpy(tmpbuf + 2, name, namelen);
120 gv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, TRUE);
122 gv_init(gv, PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, FALSE);
123 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
124 GvSV(gv) = newSVpvn(name, namelen);
126 sv_setpvn(GvSV(gv), name, namelen);
129 if ((PERLDB_LINE || PERLDB_SAVESRC) && !GvAV(gv))
130 hv_magic(GvHVn(gv_AVadd(gv)), NULL, PERL_MAGIC_dbfile);
131 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
137 =for apidoc gv_const_sv
139 If C<gv> is a typeglob whose subroutine entry is a constant sub eligible for
140 inlining, or C<gv> is a placeholder reference that would be promoted to such
141 a typeglob, then returns the value returned by the sub. Otherwise, returns
148 Perl_gv_const_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv)
150 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_CONST_SV;
152 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV)
153 return cv_const_sv(GvCVu(gv));
154 return SvROK(gv) ? SvRV(gv) : NULL;
158 Perl_newGP(pTHX_ GV *const gv)
163 const char *const file
164 = (PL_curcop && CopFILE(PL_curcop)) ? CopFILE(PL_curcop) : "";
165 const STRLEN len = strlen(file);
167 SV *const temp_sv = CopFILESV(PL_curcop);
171 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWGP;
174 file = SvPVX(temp_sv);
175 len = SvCUR(temp_sv);
182 PERL_HASH(hash, file, len);
186 #ifndef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
187 gp->gp_sv = newSV(0);
190 gp->gp_line = PL_curcop ? CopLINE(PL_curcop) : 0;
191 /* XXX Ideally this cast would be replaced with a change to const char*
193 gp->gp_file_hek = share_hek(file, len, hash);
200 /* Assign CvGV(cv) = gv, handling weak references.
201 * See also S_anonymise_cv_maybe */
204 Perl_cvgv_set(pTHX_ CV* cv, GV* gv)
206 GV * const oldgv = CvGV(cv);
207 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CVGV_SET;
218 sv_del_backref(MUTABLE_SV(oldgv), MUTABLE_SV(cv));
222 SvANY(cv)->xcv_gv = gv;
223 assert(!CvCVGV_RC(cv));
228 if (isGV_with_GP(gv) && GvGP(gv) && (GvCV(gv) == cv || GvFORM(gv) == cv))
229 Perl_sv_add_backref(aTHX_ MUTABLE_SV(gv), MUTABLE_SV(cv));
232 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN(gv);
236 /* Assign CvSTASH(cv) = st, handling weak references. */
239 Perl_cvstash_set(pTHX_ CV *cv, HV *st)
241 HV *oldst = CvSTASH(cv);
242 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CVSTASH_SET;
246 sv_del_backref(MUTABLE_SV(oldst), MUTABLE_SV(cv));
247 SvANY(cv)->xcv_stash = st;
249 Perl_sv_add_backref(aTHX_ MUTABLE_SV(st), MUTABLE_SV(cv));
253 =for apidoc gv_init_pvn
255 Converts a scalar into a typeglob. This is an incoercible typeglob;
256 assigning a reference to it will assign to one of its slots, instead of
257 overwriting it as happens with typeglobs created by SvSetSV. Converting
258 any scalar that is SvOK() may produce unpredictable results and is reserved
259 for perl's internal use.
261 C<gv> is the scalar to be converted.
263 C<stash> is the parent stash/package, if any.
265 C<name> and C<len> give the name. The name must be unqualified;
266 that is, it must not include the package name. If C<gv> is a
267 stash element, it is the caller's responsibility to ensure that the name
268 passed to this function matches the name of the element. If it does not
269 match, perl's internal bookkeeping will get out of sync.
271 C<flags> can be set to SVf_UTF8 if C<name> is a UTF8 string, or
272 the return value of SvUTF8(sv). It can also take the
273 GV_ADDMULTI flag, which means to pretend that the GV has been
274 seen before (i.e., suppress "Used once" warnings).
278 The old form of gv_init_pvn(). It does not work with UTF8 strings, as it
279 has no flags parameter. If the C<multi> parameter is set, the
280 GV_ADDMULTI flag will be passed to gv_init_pvn().
282 =for apidoc gv_init_pv
284 Same as gv_init_pvn(), but takes a nul-terminated string for the name
285 instead of separate char * and length parameters.
287 =for apidoc gv_init_sv
289 Same as gv_init_pvn(), but takes an SV * for the name instead of separate
290 char * and length parameters. C<flags> is currently unused.
296 Perl_gv_init_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv, HV *stash, SV* namesv, U32 flags)
300 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_INIT_SV;
301 namepv = SvPV(namesv, namelen);
304 gv_init_pvn(gv, stash, namepv, namelen, flags);
308 Perl_gv_init_pv(pTHX_ GV *gv, HV *stash, const char *name, U32 flags)
310 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_INIT_PV;
311 gv_init_pvn(gv, stash, name, strlen(name), flags);
315 Perl_gv_init_pvn(pTHX_ GV *gv, HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, U32 flags)
318 const U32 old_type = SvTYPE(gv);
319 const bool doproto = old_type > SVt_NULL;
320 char * const proto = (doproto && SvPOK(gv))
321 ? ((void)(SvIsCOW(gv) && (sv_force_normal((SV *)gv), 0)), SvPVX(gv))
323 const STRLEN protolen = proto ? SvCUR(gv) : 0;
324 const U32 proto_utf8 = proto ? SvUTF8(gv) : 0;
325 SV *const has_constant = doproto && SvROK(gv) ? SvRV(gv) : NULL;
326 const U32 exported_constant = has_constant ? SvPCS_IMPORTED(gv) : 0;
328 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_INIT_PVN;
329 assert (!(proto && has_constant));
332 /* The constant has to be a simple scalar type. */
333 switch (SvTYPE(has_constant)) {
339 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Cannot convert a reference to %s to typeglob",
340 sv_reftype(has_constant, 0));
348 if (old_type < SVt_PVGV) {
349 if (old_type >= SVt_PV)
351 sv_upgrade(MUTABLE_SV(gv), SVt_PVGV);
359 Safefree(SvPVX_mutable(gv));
364 GvGP_set(gv, Perl_newGP(aTHX_ gv));
367 Perl_sv_add_backref(aTHX_ MUTABLE_SV(stash), MUTABLE_SV(gv));
368 gv_name_set(gv, name, len, GV_ADD | ( flags & SVf_UTF8 ? SVf_UTF8 : 0 ));
369 if (flags & GV_ADDMULTI || doproto) /* doproto means it */
370 GvMULTI_on(gv); /* _was_ mentioned */
371 if (doproto) { /* Replicate part of newSUB here. */
375 /* newCONSTSUB takes ownership of the reference from us. */
376 cv = newCONSTSUB_flags(stash, name, len, flags, has_constant);
377 /* In case op.c:S_process_special_blocks stole it: */
379 GvCV_set(gv, (CV *)SvREFCNT_inc_simple_NN(cv));
380 assert(GvCV(gv) == cv); /* newCONSTSUB should have set this */
381 /* If this reference was a copy of another, then the subroutine
382 must have been "imported", by a Perl space assignment to a GV
383 from a reference to CV. */
384 if (exported_constant)
385 GvIMPORTED_CV_on(gv);
387 (void) start_subparse(0,0); /* Create empty CV in compcv. */
393 mro_method_changed_in(GvSTASH(gv)); /* sub Foo::bar($) { (shift) } sub ASDF::baz($); *ASDF::baz = \&Foo::bar */
395 CvFILE_set_from_cop(cv, PL_curcop);
396 CvSTASH_set(cv, PL_curstash);
398 sv_usepvn_flags(MUTABLE_SV(cv), proto, protolen,
399 SV_HAS_TRAILING_NUL);
400 if ( proto_utf8 ) SvUTF8_on(MUTABLE_SV(cv));
406 S_gv_init_svtype(pTHX_ GV *gv, const svtype sv_type)
408 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_INIT_SVTYPE;
420 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
428 /* Work round what appears to be a bug in Sun C++ 5.8 2005/10/13
429 If we just cast GvSVn(gv) to void, it ignores evaluating it for
436 static void core_xsub(pTHX_ CV* cv);
439 S_maybe_add_coresub(pTHX_ HV * const stash, GV *gv,
440 const char * const name, const STRLEN len)
442 const int code = keyword(name, len, 1);
443 static const char file[] = __FILE__;
444 CV *cv, *oldcompcv = NULL;
447 bool ampable = TRUE; /* &{}-able */
448 COP *oldcurcop = NULL;
449 yy_parser *oldparser = NULL;
450 I32 oldsavestack_ix = 0;
455 if (code >= 0) return NULL; /* not overridable */
457 /* no support for \&CORE::infix;
458 no support for funcs that take labels, as their parsing is
460 case KEY_and: case KEY_cmp: case KEY_CORE: case KEY_dump:
461 case KEY_eq: case KEY_ge:
462 case KEY_gt: case KEY_le: case KEY_lt: case KEY_ne:
463 case KEY_or: case KEY_x: case KEY_xor:
466 case KEY_chomp: case KEY_chop:
467 case KEY_each: case KEY_eof: case KEY_exec:
476 case KEY_truncate: case KEY_unlink:
483 gv_init(gv, stash, name, len, TRUE);
488 oldcurcop = PL_curcop;
489 oldparser = PL_parser;
490 lex_start(NULL, NULL, 0);
491 oldcompcv = PL_compcv;
492 PL_compcv = NULL; /* Prevent start_subparse from setting
494 oldsavestack_ix = start_subparse(FALSE,0);
498 /* Avoid calling newXS, as it calls us, and things start to
500 cv = MUTABLE_CV(newSV_type(SVt_PVCV));
503 mro_method_changed_in(GvSTASH(gv));
505 CvXSUB(cv) = core_xsub;
507 CvGV_set(cv, gv); /* This stops new ATTRSUB from setting CvFILE
509 (void)gv_fetchfile(file);
510 CvFILE(cv) = (char *)file;
511 /* XXX This is inefficient, as doing things this order causes
512 a prototype check in newATTRSUB. But we have to do
513 it this order as we need an op number before calling
515 (void)core_prototype((SV *)cv, name, code, &opnum);
517 (void)hv_store(stash,name,len,(SV *)gv,0);
521 oldsavestack_ix, (OP *)gv,
526 : newSVpvn(name,len),
531 assert(GvCV(gv) == cv);
532 if (opnum != OP_VEC && opnum != OP_SUBSTR)
533 CvLVALUE_off(cv); /* Now *that* was a neat trick. */
535 PL_parser = oldparser;
536 PL_curcop = oldcurcop;
537 PL_compcv = oldcompcv;
539 opnumsv = opnum ? newSVuv((UV)opnum) : (SV *)NULL;
541 cv, Perl_ck_entersub_args_core, opnumsv ? opnumsv : (SV *)cv
543 SvREFCNT_dec(opnumsv);
548 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth
550 Like L</gv_fetchmeth_pvn>, but lacks a flags parameter.
552 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_sv
554 Exactly like L</gv_fetchmeth_pvn>, but takes the name string in the form
555 of an SV instead of a string/length pair.
561 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_sv(pTHX_ HV *stash, SV *namesv, I32 level, U32 flags)
565 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETH_SV;
566 namepv = SvPV(namesv, namelen);
569 return gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, namepv, namelen, level, flags);
573 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_pv
575 Exactly like L</gv_fetchmeth_pvn>, but takes a nul-terminated string
576 instead of a string/length pair.
582 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_pv(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, I32 level, U32 flags)
584 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETH_PV;
585 return gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, name, strlen(name), level, flags);
589 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_pvn
591 Returns the glob with the given C<name> and a defined subroutine or
592 C<NULL>. The glob lives in the given C<stash>, or in the stashes
593 accessible via @ISA and UNIVERSAL::.
595 The argument C<level> should be either 0 or -1. If C<level==0>, as a
596 side-effect creates a glob with the given C<name> in the given C<stash>
597 which in the case of success contains an alias for the subroutine, and sets
598 up caching info for this glob.
600 Currently, the only significant value for C<flags> is SVf_UTF8.
602 This function grants C<"SUPER"> token as a postfix of the stash name. The
603 GV returned from C<gv_fetchmeth> may be a method cache entry, which is not
604 visible to Perl code. So when calling C<call_sv>, you should not use
605 the GV directly; instead, you should use the method's CV, which can be
606 obtained from the GV with the C<GvCV> macro.
611 /* NOTE: No support for tied ISA */
614 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_pvn(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level, U32 flags)
622 GV* candidate = NULL;
626 I32 create = (level >= 0) ? 1 : 0;
630 U32 is_utf8 = flags & SVf_UTF8;
632 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETH_PVN;
634 /* UNIVERSAL methods should be callable without a stash */
636 create = 0; /* probably appropriate */
637 if(!(stash = gv_stashpvs("UNIVERSAL", 0)))
643 hvname = HvNAME_get(stash);
645 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use anonymous symbol table for method lookup");
650 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Looking for method %s in package %s\n",name,hvname) );
652 topgen_cmp = HvMROMETA(stash)->cache_gen + PL_sub_generation;
654 /* check locally for a real method or a cache entry */
655 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, name, is_utf8 ? -(I32)len : (I32)len, create);
660 if (SvTYPE(topgv) != SVt_PVGV)
661 gv_init_pvn(topgv, stash, name, len, GV_ADDMULTI|is_utf8);
662 if ((cand_cv = GvCV(topgv))) {
663 /* If genuine method or valid cache entry, use it */
664 if (!GvCVGEN(topgv) || GvCVGEN(topgv) == topgen_cmp) {
668 /* stale cache entry, junk it and move on */
669 SvREFCNT_dec(cand_cv);
670 GvCV_set(topgv, NULL);
675 else if (GvCVGEN(topgv) == topgen_cmp) {
676 /* cache indicates no such method definitively */
679 else if (len > 1 /* shortest is uc */ && HvNAMELEN_get(stash) == 4
680 && strnEQ(hvname, "CORE", 4)
681 && S_maybe_add_coresub(aTHX_ NULL,topgv,name,len))
685 packlen = HvNAMELEN_get(stash);
686 if (packlen >= 7 && strEQ(hvname + packlen - 7, "::SUPER")) {
689 basestash = gv_stashpvn(hvname, packlen,
690 GV_ADD | (HvNAMEUTF8(stash) ? SVf_UTF8 : 0));
691 linear_av = mro_get_linear_isa(basestash);
694 linear_av = mro_get_linear_isa(stash); /* has ourselves at the top of the list */
697 linear_svp = AvARRAY(linear_av) + 1; /* skip over self */
698 items = AvFILLp(linear_av); /* no +1, to skip over self */
700 linear_sv = *linear_svp++;
702 cstash = gv_stashsv(linear_sv, 0);
705 Perl_ck_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SYNTAX),
706 "Can't locate package %"SVf" for @%"HEKf"::ISA",
708 HEKfARG(HvNAME_HEK(stash)));
714 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(cstash, name, is_utf8 ? -(I32)len : (I32)len, 0);
716 if (len > 1 && HvNAMELEN_get(cstash) == 4) {
717 const char *hvname = HvNAME(cstash); assert(hvname);
718 if (strnEQ(hvname, "CORE", 4)
720 S_maybe_add_coresub(aTHX_ cstash,NULL,name,len)
726 else candidate = *gvp;
729 if (SvTYPE(candidate) != SVt_PVGV)
730 gv_init_pvn(candidate, cstash, name, len, GV_ADDMULTI|is_utf8);
731 if (SvTYPE(candidate) == SVt_PVGV && (cand_cv = GvCV(candidate)) && !GvCVGEN(candidate)) {
733 * Found real method, cache method in topgv if:
734 * 1. topgv has no synonyms (else inheritance crosses wires)
735 * 2. method isn't a stub (else AUTOLOAD fails spectacularly)
737 if (topgv && (GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) && (CvROOT(cand_cv) || CvXSUB(cand_cv))) {
738 CV *old_cv = GvCV(topgv);
739 SvREFCNT_dec(old_cv);
740 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN(cand_cv);
741 GvCV_set(topgv, cand_cv);
742 GvCVGEN(topgv) = topgen_cmp;
748 /* Check UNIVERSAL without caching */
749 if(level == 0 || level == -1) {
750 candidate = gv_fetchmeth_pvn(NULL, name, len, 1, flags);
752 cand_cv = GvCV(candidate);
753 if (topgv && (GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) && (CvROOT(cand_cv) || CvXSUB(cand_cv))) {
754 CV *old_cv = GvCV(topgv);
755 SvREFCNT_dec(old_cv);
756 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN(cand_cv);
757 GvCV_set(topgv, cand_cv);
758 GvCVGEN(topgv) = topgen_cmp;
764 if (topgv && GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) {
765 /* cache the fact that the method is not defined */
766 GvCVGEN(topgv) = topgen_cmp;
773 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_autoload
775 This is the old form of L</gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload>, which has no flags
778 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_sv_autoload
780 Exactly like L</gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload>, but takes the name string in the form
781 of an SV instead of a string/length pair.
787 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_sv_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, SV *namesv, I32 level, U32 flags)
791 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETH_SV_AUTOLOAD;
792 namepv = SvPV(namesv, namelen);
795 return gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload(stash, namepv, namelen, level, flags);
799 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_pv_autoload
801 Exactly like L</gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload>, but takes a nul-terminated string
802 instead of a string/length pair.
808 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_pv_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, I32 level, U32 flags)
810 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETH_PV_AUTOLOAD;
811 return gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload(stash, name, strlen(name), level, flags);
815 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload
817 Same as gv_fetchmeth_pvn(), but looks for autoloaded subroutines too.
818 Returns a glob for the subroutine.
820 For an autoloaded subroutine without a GV, will create a GV even
821 if C<level < 0>. For an autoloaded subroutine without a stub, GvCV()
822 of the result may be zero.
824 Currently, the only significant value for C<flags> is SVf_UTF8.
830 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level, U32 flags)
832 GV *gv = gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, name, len, level, flags);
834 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETH_PVN_AUTOLOAD;
841 return NULL; /* UNIVERSAL::AUTOLOAD could cause trouble */
842 if (len == S_autolen && memEQ(name, S_autoload, S_autolen))
844 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE, flags)))
847 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
849 /* Have an autoload */
850 if (level < 0) /* Cannot do without a stub */
851 gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, name, len, 0, flags);
852 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, name,
853 (flags & SVf_UTF8) ? -(I32)len : (I32)len, (level >= 0));
862 =for apidoc gv_fetchmethod_autoload
864 Returns the glob which contains the subroutine to call to invoke the method
865 on the C<stash>. In fact in the presence of autoloading this may be the
866 glob for "AUTOLOAD". In this case the corresponding variable $AUTOLOAD is
869 The third parameter of C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload> determines whether
870 AUTOLOAD lookup is performed if the given method is not present: non-zero
871 means yes, look for AUTOLOAD; zero means no, don't look for AUTOLOAD.
872 Calling C<gv_fetchmethod> is equivalent to calling C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload>
873 with a non-zero C<autoload> parameter.
875 These functions grant C<"SUPER"> token as a prefix of the method name. Note
876 that if you want to keep the returned glob for a long time, you need to
877 check for it being "AUTOLOAD", since at the later time the call may load a
878 different subroutine due to $AUTOLOAD changing its value. Use the glob
879 created via a side effect to do this.
881 These functions have the same side-effects and as C<gv_fetchmeth> with
882 C<level==0>. C<name> should be writable if contains C<':'> or C<'
883 ''>. The warning against passing the GV returned by C<gv_fetchmeth> to
884 C<call_sv> apply equally to these functions.
890 S_gv_get_super_pkg(pTHX_ const char* name, I32 namelen, U32 flags)
897 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_GET_SUPER_PKG;
899 stash = gv_stashpvn(name, namelen, flags);
900 if(stash) return stash;
902 /* If we must create it, give it an @ISA array containing
903 the real package this SUPER is for, so that it's tied
904 into the cache invalidation code correctly */
905 stash = gv_stashpvn(name, namelen, GV_ADD | flags);
906 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetchs(stash, "ISA", TRUE);
908 gv_init(gv, stash, "ISA", 3, TRUE);
909 superisa = GvAVn(gv);
911 sv_magic(MUTABLE_SV(superisa), MUTABLE_SV(gv), PERL_MAGIC_isa, NULL, 0);
913 av_push(superisa, newSVpvn_flags(CopSTASHPV(PL_curcop),
914 CopSTASH_len(PL_curcop) < 0
915 ? -CopSTASH_len(PL_curcop)
916 : CopSTASH_len(PL_curcop),
917 SVf_UTF8*(CopSTASH_len(PL_curcop) < 0)
920 av_push(superisa, newSVhek(CopSTASH(PL_curcop)
921 ? HvNAME_HEK(CopSTASH(PL_curcop)) : NULL));
928 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, I32 autoload)
930 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETHOD_AUTOLOAD;
932 return gv_fetchmethod_flags(stash, name, autoload ? GV_AUTOLOAD : 0);
936 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_sv_flags(pTHX_ HV *stash, SV *namesv, U32 flags)
940 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETHOD_SV_FLAGS;
941 namepv = SvPV(namesv, namelen);
944 return gv_fetchmethod_pvn_flags(stash, namepv, namelen, flags);
948 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_pv_flags(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, U32 flags)
950 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETHOD_PV_FLAGS;
951 return gv_fetchmethod_pvn_flags(stash, name, strlen(name), flags);
954 /* Don't merge this yet, as it's likely to get a len parameter, and possibly
957 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_pvn_flags(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, const STRLEN len, U32 flags)
960 register const char *nend;
961 const char *nsplit = NULL;
964 const char * const origname = name;
965 SV *const error_report = MUTABLE_SV(stash);
966 const U32 autoload = flags & GV_AUTOLOAD;
967 const U32 do_croak = flags & GV_CROAK;
968 const U32 is_utf8 = flags & SVf_UTF8;
970 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETHOD_PVN_FLAGS;
972 if (SvTYPE(stash) < SVt_PVHV)
975 /* The only way stash can become NULL later on is if nsplit is set,
976 which in turn means that there is no need for a SVt_PVHV case
977 the error reporting code. */
980 for (nend = name; *nend || nend != (origname + len); nend++) {
985 else if (*nend == ':' && *(nend + 1) == ':') {
991 if ((nsplit - origname) == 5 && memEQ(origname, "SUPER", 5)) {
992 /* ->SUPER::method should really be looked up in original stash */
993 SV * const tmpstr = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_
995 HEKfARG(HvNAME_HEK((HV*)CopSTASH(PL_curcop)))
997 /* __PACKAGE__::SUPER stash should be autovivified */
998 stash = gv_get_super_pkg(SvPVX_const(tmpstr), SvCUR(tmpstr), SvUTF8(tmpstr));
999 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Treating %s as %s::%s\n",
1000 origname, HvNAME_get(stash), name) );
1003 /* don't autovifify if ->NoSuchStash::method */
1004 stash = gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname, is_utf8);
1006 /* however, explicit calls to Pkg::SUPER::method may
1007 happen, and may require autovivification to work */
1008 if (!stash && (nsplit - origname) >= 7 &&
1009 strnEQ(nsplit - 7, "::SUPER", 7) &&
1010 gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname - 7, is_utf8))
1011 stash = gv_get_super_pkg(origname, nsplit - origname, flags);
1016 gv = gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, name, nend - name, 0, flags);
1018 if (strEQ(name,"import") || strEQ(name,"unimport"))
1019 gv = MUTABLE_GV(&PL_sv_yes);
1021 gv = gv_autoload_pvn(
1022 ostash, name, nend - name, GV_AUTOLOAD_ISMETHOD|flags
1024 if (!gv && do_croak) {
1025 /* Right now this is exclusively for the benefit of S_method_common
1028 /* If we can't find an IO::File method, it might be a call on
1029 * a filehandle. If IO:File has not been loaded, try to
1030 * require it first instead of croaking */
1031 const char *stash_name = HvNAME_get(stash);
1032 if (stash_name && memEQs(stash_name, HvNAMELEN_get(stash), "IO::File")
1033 && !Perl_hv_common(aTHX_ GvHVn(PL_incgv), NULL,
1034 STR_WITH_LEN("IO/File.pm"), 0,
1035 HV_FETCH_ISEXISTS, NULL, 0)
1037 require_pv("IO/File.pm");
1038 gv = gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, name, nend - name, 0, flags);
1043 "Can't locate object method \"%"SVf
1044 "\" via package \"%"HEKf"\"",
1045 SVfARG(newSVpvn_flags(name, nend - name,
1046 SVs_TEMP | is_utf8)),
1047 HEKfARG(HvNAME_HEK(stash)));
1053 packnamesv = newSVpvn_flags(origname, nsplit - origname,
1054 SVs_TEMP | is_utf8);
1056 packnamesv = sv_2mortal(newSVsv(error_report));
1060 "Can't locate object method \"%"SVf"\" via package \"%"SVf"\""
1061 " (perhaps you forgot to load \"%"SVf"\"?)",
1062 SVfARG(newSVpvn_flags(name, nend - name,
1063 SVs_TEMP | is_utf8)),
1064 SVfARG(packnamesv), SVfARG(packnamesv));
1068 else if (autoload) {
1069 CV* const cv = GvCV(gv);
1070 if (!CvROOT(cv) && !CvXSUB(cv)) {
1078 if (GvCV(stubgv) != cv) /* orphaned import */
1081 autogv = gv_autoload_pvn(GvSTASH(stubgv),
1082 GvNAME(stubgv), GvNAMELEN(stubgv),
1083 GV_AUTOLOAD_ISMETHOD
1084 | (GvNAMEUTF8(stubgv) ? SVf_UTF8 : 0));
1094 Perl_gv_autoload_sv(pTHX_ HV *stash, SV* namesv, U32 flags)
1098 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_AUTOLOAD_SV;
1099 namepv = SvPV(namesv, namelen);
1102 return gv_autoload_pvn(stash, namepv, namelen, flags);
1106 Perl_gv_autoload_pv(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *namepv, U32 flags)
1108 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_AUTOLOAD_PV;
1109 return gv_autoload_pvn(stash, namepv, strlen(namepv), flags);
1113 Perl_gv_autoload_pvn(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, U32 flags)
1121 SV *packname = NULL;
1122 U32 is_utf8 = flags & SVf_UTF8 ? SVf_UTF8 : 0;
1124 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_AUTOLOAD_PVN;
1126 if (len == S_autolen && memEQ(name, S_autoload, S_autolen))
1129 if (SvTYPE(stash) < SVt_PVHV) {
1130 STRLEN packname_len = 0;
1131 const char * const packname_ptr = SvPV_const(MUTABLE_SV(stash), packname_len);
1132 packname = newSVpvn_flags(packname_ptr, packname_len,
1133 SVs_TEMP | SvUTF8(stash));
1137 packname = sv_2mortal(newSVhek(HvNAME_HEK(stash)));
1139 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE, is_utf8)))
1143 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
1147 * Inheriting AUTOLOAD for non-methods works ... for now.
1150 !(flags & GV_AUTOLOAD_ISMETHOD)
1151 && (GvCVGEN(gv) || GvSTASH(gv) != stash)
1153 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEPRECATED),
1154 "Use of inherited AUTOLOAD for non-method %"SVf"::%"SVf"() is deprecated",
1156 SVfARG(newSVpvn_flags(name, len, SVs_TEMP | is_utf8)));
1159 /* Instead of forcing the XSUB do another lookup for $AUTOLOAD
1160 * and split that value on the last '::', pass along the same data
1161 * via the SvPVX field in the CV, and the stash in CvSTASH.
1163 * Due to an unfortunate accident of history, the SvPVX field
1164 * serves two purposes. It is also used for the subroutine's pro-
1165 * type. Since SvPVX has been documented as returning the sub name
1166 * for a long time, but not as returning the prototype, we have
1167 * to preserve the SvPVX AUTOLOAD behaviour and put the prototype
1170 * We put the prototype in the same allocated buffer, but after
1171 * the sub name. The SvPOK flag indicates the presence of a proto-
1172 * type. The CvAUTOLOAD flag indicates the presence of a sub name.
1173 * If both flags are on, then SvLEN is used to indicate the end of
1174 * the prototype (artificially lower than what is actually allo-
1175 * cated), at the risk of having to reallocate a few bytes unneces-
1176 * sarily--but that should happen very rarely, if ever.
1178 * We use SvUTF8 for both prototypes and sub names, so if one is
1179 * UTF8, the other must be upgraded.
1181 CvSTASH_set(cv, stash);
1182 if (SvPOK(cv)) { /* Ouch! */
1183 SV *tmpsv = newSVpvn_flags(name, len, is_utf8);
1185 const char *proto = CvPROTO(cv);
1188 sv_utf8_upgrade_flags_grow(tmpsv, 0, CvPROTOLEN(cv) + 2);
1189 ulen = SvCUR(tmpsv);
1190 SvCUR(tmpsv)++; /* include null in string */
1192 tmpsv, proto, CvPROTOLEN(cv), SV_CATBYTES*!SvUTF8(cv)
1194 SvTEMP_on(tmpsv); /* Allow theft */
1195 sv_setsv_nomg((SV *)cv, tmpsv);
1197 SvREFCNT_dec(tmpsv);
1198 SvLEN(cv) = SvCUR(cv) + 1;
1202 sv_setpvn((SV *)cv, name, len);
1206 else SvUTF8_off(cv);
1212 * Given &FOO::AUTOLOAD, set $FOO::AUTOLOAD to desired function name.
1213 * The subroutine's original name may not be "AUTOLOAD", so we don't
1214 * use that, but for lack of anything better we will use the sub's
1215 * original package to look up $AUTOLOAD.
1217 varstash = GvSTASH(CvGV(cv));
1218 vargv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(varstash, S_autoload, S_autolen, TRUE);
1222 gv_init_pvn(vargv, varstash, S_autoload, S_autolen, 0);
1223 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
1224 GvSV(vargv) = newSV(0);
1228 varsv = GvSVn(vargv);
1229 sv_setsv(varsv, packname);
1230 sv_catpvs(varsv, "::");
1231 /* Ensure SvSETMAGIC() is called if necessary. In particular, to clear
1232 tainting if $FOO::AUTOLOAD was previously tainted, but is not now. */
1235 SV_SMAGIC|(is_utf8 ? SV_CATUTF8 : SV_CATBYTES)
1243 /* require_tie_mod() internal routine for requiring a module
1244 * that implements the logic of automatic ties like %! and %-
1246 * The "gv" parameter should be the glob.
1247 * "varpv" holds the name of the var, used for error messages.
1248 * "namesv" holds the module name. Its refcount will be decremented.
1249 * "methpv" holds the method name to test for to check that things
1250 * are working reasonably close to as expected.
1251 * "flags": if flag & 1 then save the scalar before loading.
1252 * For the protection of $! to work (it is set by this routine)
1253 * the sv slot must already be magicalized.
1256 S_require_tie_mod(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *varpv, SV* namesv, const char *methpv,const U32 flags)
1259 HV* stash = gv_stashsv(namesv, 0);
1261 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_REQUIRE_TIE_MOD;
1263 if (!stash || !(gv_fetchmethod_autoload(stash, methpv, FALSE))) {
1264 SV *module = newSVsv(namesv);
1265 char varname = *varpv; /* varpv might be clobbered by load_module,
1266 so save it. For the moment it's always
1268 const char type = varname == '[' ? '$' : '%';
1273 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_MAGIC);
1274 Perl_load_module(aTHX_ PERL_LOADMOD_NOIMPORT, module, NULL);
1278 stash = gv_stashsv(namesv, 0);
1280 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: Can't use %c%c because %"SVf" is not available",
1281 type, varname, SVfARG(namesv));
1282 else if (!gv_fetchmethod(stash, methpv))
1283 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: Can't use %c%c because %"SVf" does not support method %s",
1284 type, varname, SVfARG(namesv), methpv);
1286 SvREFCNT_dec(namesv);
1291 =for apidoc gv_stashpv
1293 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. Uses C<strlen> to
1294 determine the length of C<name>, then calls C<gv_stashpvn()>.
1300 Perl_gv_stashpv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
1302 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_STASHPV;
1303 return gv_stashpvn(name, strlen(name), create);
1307 =for apidoc gv_stashpvn
1309 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. The C<namelen>
1310 parameter indicates the length of the C<name>, in bytes. C<flags> is passed
1311 to C<gv_fetchpvn_flags()>, so if set to C<GV_ADD> then the package will be
1312 created if it does not already exist. If the package does not exist and
1313 C<flags> is 0 (or any other setting that does not create packages) then NULL
1321 Perl_gv_stashpvn(pTHX_ const char *name, U32 namelen, I32 flags)
1327 U32 tmplen = namelen + 2;
1329 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_STASHPVN;
1331 if (tmplen <= sizeof smallbuf)
1334 Newx(tmpbuf, tmplen, char);
1335 Copy(name, tmpbuf, namelen, char);
1336 tmpbuf[namelen] = ':';
1337 tmpbuf[namelen+1] = ':';
1338 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvn_flags(tmpbuf, tmplen, flags, SVt_PVHV);
1339 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
1343 stash = GvHV(tmpgv);
1344 if (!(flags & ~GV_NOADD_MASK) && !stash) return NULL;
1346 if (!HvNAME_get(stash)) {
1347 hv_name_set(stash, name, namelen, flags & SVf_UTF8 ? SVf_UTF8 : 0 );
1349 /* FIXME: This is a repeat of logic in gv_fetchpvn_flags */
1350 /* If the containing stash has multiple effective
1351 names, see that this one gets them, too. */
1352 if (HvAUX(GvSTASH(tmpgv))->xhv_name_count)
1353 mro_package_moved(stash, NULL, tmpgv, 1);
1359 =for apidoc gv_stashsv
1361 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. See C<gv_stashpvn>.
1367 Perl_gv_stashsv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
1370 const char * const ptr = SvPV_const(sv,len);
1372 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_STASHSV;
1374 return gv_stashpvn(ptr, len, flags | SvUTF8(sv));
1379 Perl_gv_fetchpv(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, I32 add, const svtype sv_type) {
1380 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHPV;
1381 return gv_fetchpvn_flags(nambeg, strlen(nambeg), add, sv_type);
1385 Perl_gv_fetchsv(pTHX_ SV *name, I32 flags, const svtype sv_type) {
1387 const char * const nambeg =
1388 SvPV_flags_const(name, len, flags & GV_NO_SVGMAGIC ? 0 : SV_GMAGIC);
1389 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHSV;
1390 return gv_fetchpvn_flags(nambeg, len, flags | SvUTF8(name), sv_type);
1394 S_gv_magicalize_isa(pTHX_ GV *gv)
1398 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_MAGICALIZE_ISA;
1402 sv_magic(MUTABLE_SV(av), MUTABLE_SV(gv), PERL_MAGIC_isa,
1407 Perl_gv_fetchpvn_flags(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, STRLEN full_len, I32 flags,
1408 const svtype sv_type)
1411 register const char *name = nambeg;
1412 register GV *gv = NULL;
1415 register const char *name_cursor;
1417 const I32 no_init = flags & (GV_NOADD_NOINIT | GV_NOINIT);
1418 const I32 no_expand = flags & GV_NOEXPAND;
1419 const I32 add = flags & ~GV_NOADD_MASK;
1420 const U32 is_utf8 = flags & SVf_UTF8;
1421 bool addmg = !!(flags & GV_ADDMG);
1422 const char *const name_end = nambeg + full_len;
1423 const char *const name_em1 = name_end - 1;
1426 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHPVN_FLAGS;
1428 if (flags & GV_NOTQUAL) {
1429 /* Caller promised that there is no stash, so we can skip the check. */
1434 if (full_len > 2 && *name == '*' && isIDFIRST_lazy_if(name + 1, is_utf8)) {
1435 /* accidental stringify on a GV? */
1439 for (name_cursor = name; name_cursor < name_end; name_cursor++) {
1440 if (name_cursor < name_em1 &&
1441 ((*name_cursor == ':'
1442 && name_cursor[1] == ':')
1443 || *name_cursor == '\''))
1446 stash = PL_defstash;
1447 if (!stash || !SvREFCNT(stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
1450 len = name_cursor - name;
1451 if (name_cursor > nambeg) { /* Skip for initial :: or ' */
1453 if (*name_cursor == ':') {
1458 Newx(tmpbuf, len+2, char);
1459 Copy(name, tmpbuf, len, char);
1460 tmpbuf[len++] = ':';
1461 tmpbuf[len++] = ':';
1464 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, key, is_utf8 ? -len : len, add);
1465 gv = gvp ? *gvp : NULL;
1466 if (gv && gv != (const GV *)&PL_sv_undef) {
1467 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV)
1468 gv_init_pvn(gv, stash, key, len, (add & GV_ADDMULTI)|is_utf8);
1474 if (!gv || gv == (const GV *)&PL_sv_undef)
1477 if (!(stash = GvHV(gv)))
1479 stash = GvHV(gv) = newHV();
1480 if (!HvNAME_get(stash)) {
1481 if (GvSTASH(gv) == PL_defstash && len == 6
1482 && strnEQ(name, "CORE", 4))
1483 hv_name_set(stash, "CORE", 4, 0);
1486 stash, nambeg, name_cursor-nambeg, is_utf8
1488 /* If the containing stash has multiple effective
1489 names, see that this one gets them, too. */
1490 if (HvAUX(GvSTASH(gv))->xhv_name_count)
1491 mro_package_moved(stash, NULL, gv, 1);
1494 else if (!HvNAME_get(stash))
1495 hv_name_set(stash, nambeg, name_cursor - nambeg, is_utf8);
1498 if (*name_cursor == ':')
1500 name = name_cursor+1;
1501 if (name == name_end)
1503 ? gv : MUTABLE_GV(*hv_fetchs(PL_defstash, "main::", TRUE));
1506 len = name_cursor - name;
1508 /* No stash in name, so see how we can default */
1512 if (len && isIDFIRST_lazy(name)) {
1513 bool global = FALSE;
1521 if ((name[0] == 'I' && name[1] == 'N' && name[2] == 'C')
1522 || (name[0] == 'E' && name[1] == 'N' && name[2] == 'V')
1523 || (name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'I' && name[2] == 'G'))
1527 if (name[0] == 'A' && name[1] == 'R' && name[2] == 'G'
1532 if (name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'T' && name[2] == 'D'
1533 && name[3] == 'I' && name[4] == 'N')
1537 if ((name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'T' && name[2] == 'D')
1538 &&((name[3] == 'O' && name[4] == 'U' && name[5] == 'T')
1539 ||(name[3] == 'E' && name[4] == 'R' && name[5] == 'R')))
1543 if (name[0] == 'A' && name[1] == 'R' && name[2] == 'G'
1544 && name[3] == 'V' && name[4] == 'O' && name[5] == 'U'
1551 stash = PL_defstash;
1552 else if (IN_PERL_COMPILETIME) {
1553 stash = PL_curstash;
1554 if (add && (PL_hints & HINT_STRICT_VARS) &&
1555 sv_type != SVt_PVCV &&
1556 sv_type != SVt_PVGV &&
1557 sv_type != SVt_PVFM &&
1558 sv_type != SVt_PVIO &&
1559 !(len == 1 && sv_type == SVt_PV &&
1560 (*name == 'a' || *name == 'b')) )
1562 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,is_utf8 ? -len : len,0);
1564 *gvp == (const GV *)&PL_sv_undef ||
1565 SvTYPE(*gvp) != SVt_PVGV)
1569 else if ((sv_type == SVt_PV && !GvIMPORTED_SV(*gvp)) ||
1570 (sv_type == SVt_PVAV && !GvIMPORTED_AV(*gvp)) ||
1571 (sv_type == SVt_PVHV && !GvIMPORTED_HV(*gvp)) )
1573 SV* namesv = newSVpvn_flags(name, len, SVs_TEMP | is_utf8);
1574 /* diag_listed_as: Variable "%s" is not imported%s */
1576 aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_MISC),
1577 "Variable \"%c%"SVf"\" is not imported",
1578 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? '@' :
1579 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? '%' : '$',
1583 aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_MISC),
1584 "\t(Did you mean &%"SVf" instead?)\n", SVfARG(namesv)
1591 stash = CopSTASH(PL_curcop);
1594 stash = PL_defstash;
1597 /* By this point we should have a stash and a name */
1601 SV * const err = Perl_mess(aTHX_
1602 "Global symbol \"%s%"SVf"\" requires explicit package name",
1603 (sv_type == SVt_PV ? "$"
1604 : sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? "@"
1605 : sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? "%"
1606 : ""), SVfARG(newSVpvn_flags(name, len, SVs_TEMP | is_utf8)));
1608 if (USE_UTF8_IN_NAMES)
1611 gv = gv_fetchpvs("<none>::", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV);
1613 /* symbol table under destruction */
1622 if (!SvREFCNT(stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
1625 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,is_utf8 ? -len : len,add);
1626 if (!gvp || *gvp == (const GV *)&PL_sv_undef) {
1627 if (addmg) gv = (GV *)newSV(0);
1630 else gv = *gvp, addmg = 0;
1631 /* From this point on, addmg means gv has not been inserted in the
1634 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV) {
1637 gv_init_svtype(gv, sv_type);
1638 if (len == 1 && stash == PL_defstash) {
1639 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV) {
1641 require_tie_mod(gv, "!", newSVpvs("Errno"), "TIEHASH", 1);
1642 else if (*name == '-' || *name == '+')
1643 require_tie_mod(gv, name, newSVpvs("Tie::Hash::NamedCapture"), "TIEHASH", 0);
1645 if (sv_type==SVt_PV || sv_type==SVt_PVGV) {
1647 require_tie_mod(gv,name,newSVpvs("arybase"),"FETCH",0);
1648 else if (*name == '&' || *name == '`' || *name == '\'') {
1649 PL_sawampersand = TRUE;
1654 else if (len == 3 && sv_type == SVt_PVAV
1655 && strnEQ(name, "ISA", 3)
1656 && (!GvAV(gv) || !SvSMAGICAL(GvAV(gv))))
1657 gv_magicalize_isa(gv);
1660 } else if (no_init) {
1663 } else if (no_expand && SvROK(gv)) {
1668 /* Adding a new symbol.
1669 Unless of course there was already something non-GV here, in which case
1670 we want to behave as if there was always a GV here, containing some sort
1672 Otherwise we run the risk of creating things like GvIO, which can cause
1673 subtle bugs. eg the one that tripped up SQL::Translator */
1675 faking_it = SvOK(gv);
1677 if (add & GV_ADDWARN)
1678 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL), "Had to create %"SVf" unexpectedly",
1679 SVfARG(newSVpvn_flags(nambeg, name_end-nambeg, SVs_TEMP | is_utf8 )));
1680 gv_init_pvn(gv, stash, name, len, (add & GV_ADDMULTI)|is_utf8);
1682 if ( isIDFIRST_lazy_if(name, is_utf8)
1683 && ! (isLEXWARN_on ? ckWARN(WARN_ONCE) : (PL_dowarn & G_WARN_ON ) ) )
1686 /* set up magic where warranted */
1687 if (stash != PL_defstash) { /* not the main stash */
1688 /* We only have to check for three names here: EXPORT, ISA
1689 and VERSION. All the others apply only to the main stash or to
1690 CORE (which is checked right after this). */
1692 const char * const name2 = name + 1;
1695 if (strnEQ(name2, "XPORT", 5))
1699 if (strEQ(name2, "SA"))
1700 gv_magicalize_isa(gv);
1703 if (strEQ(name2, "ERSION"))
1709 goto add_magical_gv;
1712 if (len > 1 /* shortest is uc */ && HvNAMELEN_get(stash) == 4) {
1713 /* Avoid null warning: */
1714 const char * const stashname = HvNAME(stash); assert(stashname);
1715 if (strnEQ(stashname, "CORE", 4))
1716 S_maybe_add_coresub(aTHX_ 0, gv, name, len);
1723 /* Nothing else to do.
1724 The compiler will probably turn the switch statement into a
1725 branch table. Make sure we avoid even that small overhead for
1726 the common case of lower case variable names. */
1730 const char * const name2 = name + 1;
1733 if (strEQ(name2, "RGV")) {
1734 IoFLAGS(GvIOn(gv)) |= IOf_ARGV|IOf_START;
1736 else if (strEQ(name2, "RGVOUT")) {
1741 if (strnEQ(name2, "XPORT", 5))
1745 if (strEQ(name2, "SA")) {
1746 gv_magicalize_isa(gv);
1750 if (strEQ(name2, "IG")) {
1753 if (!PL_psig_name) {
1754 Newxz(PL_psig_name, 2 * SIG_SIZE, SV*);
1755 Newxz(PL_psig_pend, SIG_SIZE, int);
1756 PL_psig_ptr = PL_psig_name + SIG_SIZE;
1758 /* I think that the only way to get here is to re-use an
1759 embedded perl interpreter, where the previous
1760 use didn't clean up fully because
1761 PL_perl_destruct_level was 0. I'm not sure that we
1762 "support" that, in that I suspect in that scenario
1763 there are sufficient other garbage values left in the
1764 interpreter structure that something else will crash
1765 before we get here. I suspect that this is one of
1766 those "doctor, it hurts when I do this" bugs. */
1767 Zero(PL_psig_name, 2 * SIG_SIZE, SV*);
1768 Zero(PL_psig_pend, SIG_SIZE, int);
1772 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_sig);
1773 for (i = 1; i < SIG_SIZE; i++) {
1774 SV * const * const init = hv_fetch(hv, PL_sig_name[i], strlen(PL_sig_name[i]), 1);
1776 sv_setsv(*init, &PL_sv_undef);
1781 if (strEQ(name2, "ERSION"))
1784 case '\003': /* $^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE */
1785 if (strEQ(name2, "HILD_ERROR_NATIVE"))
1788 case '\005': /* $^ENCODING */
1789 if (strEQ(name2, "NCODING"))
1792 case '\007': /* $^GLOBAL_PHASE */
1793 if (strEQ(name2, "LOBAL_PHASE"))
1796 case '\015': /* $^MATCH */
1797 if (strEQ(name2, "ATCH"))
1799 case '\017': /* $^OPEN */
1800 if (strEQ(name2, "PEN"))
1803 case '\020': /* $^PREMATCH $^POSTMATCH */
1804 if (strEQ(name2, "REMATCH") || strEQ(name2, "OSTMATCH"))
1807 case '\024': /* ${^TAINT} */
1808 if (strEQ(name2, "AINT"))
1811 case '\025': /* ${^UNICODE}, ${^UTF8LOCALE} */
1812 if (strEQ(name2, "NICODE"))
1814 if (strEQ(name2, "TF8LOCALE"))
1816 if (strEQ(name2, "TF8CACHE"))
1819 case '\027': /* $^WARNING_BITS */
1820 if (strEQ(name2, "ARNING_BITS"))
1833 /* Ensures that we have an all-digit variable, ${"1foo"} fails
1835 /* This snippet is taken from is_gv_magical */
1836 const char *end = name + len;
1837 while (--end > name) {
1838 if (!isDIGIT(*end)) goto add_magical_gv;
1845 /* Names of length 1. (Or 0. But name is NUL terminated, so that will
1846 be case '\0' in this switch statement (ie a default case) */
1852 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ||
1853 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ||
1854 sv_type == SVt_PVCV ||
1855 sv_type == SVt_PVFM ||
1857 )) { PL_sawampersand = TRUE; }
1861 sv_setpv(GvSVn(gv),PL_chopset);
1865 #ifdef COMPLEX_STATUS
1866 SvUPGRADE(GvSVn(gv), SVt_PVLV);
1872 /* If %! has been used, automatically load Errno.pm. */
1874 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), MUTABLE_SV(gv), PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1876 /* magicalization must be done before require_tie_mod is called */
1877 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV)
1879 if (addmg) (void)hv_store(stash,name,len,(SV *)gv,0);
1881 require_tie_mod(gv, "!", newSVpvs("Errno"), "TIEHASH", 1);
1887 GvMULTI_on(gv); /* no used once warnings here */
1889 AV* const av = GvAVn(gv);
1890 SV* const avc = (*name == '+') ? MUTABLE_SV(av) : NULL;
1892 sv_magic(MUTABLE_SV(av), avc, PERL_MAGIC_regdata, NULL, 0);
1893 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), MUTABLE_SV(gv), PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1895 SvREADONLY_on(GvSVn(gv));
1898 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV)
1900 if (addmg) (void)hv_store(stash,name,len,(SV *)gv,0);
1902 require_tie_mod(gv, name, newSVpvs("Tie::Hash::NamedCapture"), "TIEHASH", 0);
1909 if (sv_type == SVt_PV)
1910 /* diag_listed_as: $* is no longer supported */
1911 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
1912 "$%c is no longer supported", *name);
1915 sv_setiv(GvSVn(gv), (IV)(IoFLAGS(GvIOp(PL_defoutgv)) & IOf_FLUSH) != 0);
1918 case '\010': /* $^H */
1920 HV *const hv = GvHVn(gv);
1921 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_hints);
1925 if ((sv_type == SVt_PV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV)
1926 && FEATURE_ARYBASE_IS_ENABLED) {
1927 if (addmg) (void)hv_store(stash,name,len,(SV *)gv,0);
1928 require_tie_mod(gv,name,newSVpvs("arybase"),"FETCH",0);
1931 else goto magicalize;
1933 case '\023': /* $^S */
1935 SvREADONLY_on(GvSVn(gv));
1959 case '\001': /* $^A */
1960 case '\003': /* $^C */
1961 case '\004': /* $^D */
1962 case '\005': /* $^E */
1963 case '\006': /* $^F */
1964 case '\011': /* $^I, NOT \t in EBCDIC */
1965 case '\016': /* $^N */
1966 case '\017': /* $^O */
1967 case '\020': /* $^P */
1968 case '\024': /* $^T */
1969 case '\027': /* $^W */
1971 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), MUTABLE_SV(gv), PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1974 case '\014': /* $^L */
1975 sv_setpvs(GvSVn(gv),"\f");
1976 PL_formfeed = GvSVn(gv);
1979 sv_setpvs(GvSVn(gv),"\034");
1983 SV * const sv = GvSV(gv);
1984 if (!sv_derived_from(PL_patchlevel, "version"))
1985 upg_version(PL_patchlevel, TRUE);
1986 GvSV(gv) = vnumify(PL_patchlevel);
1987 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
1991 case '\026': /* $^V */
1993 SV * const sv = GvSV(gv);
1994 GvSV(gv) = new_version(PL_patchlevel);
1995 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
2003 if (GvAV(gv) || GvHV(gv) || GvIO(gv) || GvCV(gv) || (
2004 GvSV(gv) && (SvOK(GvSV(gv)) || SvMAGICAL(GvSV(gv)))
2006 (void)hv_store(stash,name,len,(SV *)gv,0);
2007 else SvREFCNT_dec(gv), gv = NULL;
2009 if (gv) gv_init_svtype(gv, faking_it ? SVt_PVCV : sv_type);
2014 Perl_gv_fullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, const GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
2017 const HV * const hv = GvSTASH(gv);
2019 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FULLNAME4;
2021 sv_setpv(sv, prefix ? prefix : "");
2023 if (hv && (name = HvNAME(hv))) {
2024 const STRLEN len = HvNAMELEN(hv);
2025 if (keepmain || strnNE(name, "main", len)) {
2026 sv_catpvn_flags(sv,name,len,HvNAMEUTF8(hv)?SV_CATUTF8:SV_CATBYTES);
2030 else sv_catpvs(sv,"__ANON__::");
2031 sv_catsv(sv,sv_2mortal(newSVhek(GvNAME_HEK(gv))));
2035 Perl_gv_efullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, const GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
2037 const GV * const egv = GvEGVx(gv);
2039 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_EFULLNAME4;
2041 gv_fullname4(sv, egv ? egv : gv, prefix, keepmain);
2045 Perl_gv_check(pTHX_ const HV *stash)
2050 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_CHECK;
2052 if (!HvARRAY(stash))
2054 for (i = 0; i <= (I32) HvMAX(stash); i++) {
2056 for (entry = HvARRAY(stash)[i]; entry; entry = HeNEXT(entry)) {
2059 if (HeKEY(entry)[HeKLEN(entry)-1] == ':' &&
2060 (gv = MUTABLE_GV(HeVAL(entry))) && isGV(gv) && (hv = GvHV(gv)))
2062 if (hv != PL_defstash && hv != stash)
2063 gv_check(hv); /* nested package */
2065 else if ( *HeKEY(entry) != '_'
2066 && isIDFIRST_lazy_if(HeKEY(entry), HeUTF8(entry)) ) {
2068 gv = MUTABLE_GV(HeVAL(entry));
2069 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV || GvMULTI(gv))
2072 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, GvLINE(gv));
2074 CopFILE(PL_curcop) = (char *)file; /* set for warning */
2076 CopFILEGV(PL_curcop)
2077 = gv_fetchfile_flags(file, HEK_LEN(GvFILE_HEK(gv)), 0);
2079 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_ONCE),
2080 "Name \"%"HEKf"::%"HEKf
2081 "\" used only once: possible typo",
2082 HEKfARG(HvNAME_HEK(stash)),
2083 HEKfARG(GvNAME_HEK(gv)));
2090 Perl_newGVgen_flags(pTHX_ const char *pack, U32 flags)
2093 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWGVGEN_FLAGS;
2095 return gv_fetchpv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%"SVf"::_GEN_%ld",
2096 SVfARG(newSVpvn_flags(pack, strlen(pack),
2102 /* hopefully this is only called on local symbol table entries */
2105 Perl_gp_ref(pTHX_ GP *gp)
2113 /* If the GP they asked for a reference to contains
2114 a method cache entry, clear it first, so that we
2115 don't infect them with our cached entry */
2116 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_cv);
2125 Perl_gp_free(pTHX_ GV *gv)
2131 if (!gv || !isGV_with_GP(gv) || !(gp = GvGP(gv)))
2133 if (gp->gp_refcnt == 0) {
2134 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
2135 "Attempt to free unreferenced glob pointers"
2136 pTHX__FORMAT pTHX__VALUE);
2139 if (--gp->gp_refcnt > 0) {
2140 if (gp->gp_egv == gv)
2147 /* Copy and null out all the glob slots, so destructors do not see
2149 HEK * const file_hek = gp->gp_file_hek;
2150 SV * const sv = gp->gp_sv;
2151 AV * const av = gp->gp_av;
2152 HV * const hv = gp->gp_hv;
2153 IO * const io = gp->gp_io;
2154 CV * const cv = gp->gp_cv;
2155 CV * const form = gp->gp_form;
2157 gp->gp_file_hek = NULL;
2166 unshare_hek(file_hek);
2170 /* FIXME - another reference loop GV -> symtab -> GV ?
2171 Somehow gp->gp_hv can end up pointing at freed garbage. */
2172 if (hv && SvTYPE(hv) == SVt_PVHV) {
2173 const HEK *hvname_hek = HvNAME_HEK(hv);
2174 if (PL_stashcache && hvname_hek)
2175 (void)hv_delete(PL_stashcache, HEK_KEY(hvname_hek),
2176 (HEK_UTF8(hvname_hek) ? -HEK_LEN(hvname_hek) : HEK_LEN(hvname_hek)),
2184 if (!gp->gp_file_hek
2190 && !gp->gp_form) break;
2192 if (--attempts == 0) {
2194 "panic: gp_free failed to free glob pointer - "
2195 "something is repeatedly re-creating entries"
2205 Perl_magic_freeovrld(pTHX_ SV *sv, MAGIC *mg)
2207 AMT * const amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
2208 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(sv);
2210 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_MAGIC_FREEOVRLD;
2212 if (amtp && AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
2214 for (i = 1; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
2215 CV * const cv = amtp->table[i];
2217 SvREFCNT_dec(MUTABLE_SV(cv));
2218 amtp->table[i] = NULL;
2225 /* Updates and caches the CV's */
2227 * 1 on success and there is some overload
2228 * 0 if there is no overload
2229 * -1 if some error occurred and it couldn't croak
2233 Perl_Gv_AMupdate(pTHX_ HV *stash, bool destructing)
2236 MAGIC* const mg = mg_find((const SV *)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
2238 const struct mro_meta* stash_meta = HvMROMETA(stash);
2241 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_AMUPDATE;
2243 newgen = PL_sub_generation + stash_meta->pkg_gen + stash_meta->cache_gen;
2245 const AMT * const amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
2246 if (amtp->was_ok_am == PL_amagic_generation
2247 && amtp->was_ok_sub == newgen) {
2248 return AMT_OVERLOADED(amtp) ? 1 : 0;
2250 sv_unmagic(MUTABLE_SV(stash), PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
2253 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Recalcing overload magic in package %s\n",HvNAME_get(stash)) );
2256 amt.was_ok_am = PL_amagic_generation;
2257 amt.was_ok_sub = newgen;
2258 amt.fallback = AMGfallNO;
2262 int filled = 0, have_ovl = 0;
2265 /* The first key in PL_AMG_names is the overloadedness indicator, which
2266 allows us to skip overloading entries for non-overloaded classes. */
2268 /* Try to find via inheritance. */
2269 GV *gv = gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, PL_AMG_names[0], 2, -1, 0);
2273 lim = DESTROY_amg; /* Skip overloading entries. */
2277 /* The "fallback" key is special-cased here, being absent from the
2278 list in PL_AMG_names. */
2281 gv = gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, "(fallback", 9, -1, 0);
2283 if (!gv || !(sv = GvSV(gv)))
2284 NOOP; /* Equivalent to !SvTRUE and !SvOK */
2285 else if (SvTRUE(sv))
2286 amt.fallback=AMGfallYES;
2288 amt.fallback=AMGfallNEVER;
2291 for (i = 1; i < lim; i++)
2292 amt.table[i] = NULL;
2293 for (; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
2294 const char * const cooky = PL_AMG_names[i];
2295 /* Human-readable form, for debugging: */
2296 const char * const cp = (i >= DESTROY_amg ? cooky : AMG_id2name(i));
2297 const STRLEN l = PL_AMG_namelens[i];
2299 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Checking overloading of \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\"\n",
2300 cp, HvNAME_get(stash)) );
2301 /* don't fill the cache while looking up!
2302 Creation of inheritance stubs in intermediate packages may
2303 conflict with the logic of runtime method substitution.
2304 Indeed, for inheritance A -> B -> C, if C overloads "+0",
2305 then we could have created stubs for "(+0" in A and C too.
2306 But if B overloads "bool", we may want to use it for
2307 numifying instead of C's "+0". */
2308 if (i >= DESTROY_amg)
2309 gv = Perl_gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload(aTHX_ stash, cooky, l, 0, 0);
2310 else /* Autoload taken care of below */
2311 gv = Perl_gv_fetchmeth_pvn(aTHX_ stash, cooky, l, -1, 0);
2313 if (gv && (cv = GvCV(gv))) {
2314 if(GvNAMELEN(CvGV(cv)) == 3 && strEQ(GvNAME(CvGV(cv)), "nil")){
2315 const char * const hvname = HvNAME_get(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv)));
2316 if (hvname && HEK_LEN(HvNAME_HEK(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv)))) == 8
2317 && strEQ(hvname, "overload")) {
2318 /* This is a hack to support autoloading..., while
2319 knowing *which* methods were declared as overloaded. */
2320 /* GvSV contains the name of the method. */
2322 SV *gvsv = GvSV(gv);
2324 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Resolving method \"%"SVf256\
2325 "\" for overloaded \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\"\n",
2326 (void*)GvSV(gv), cp, HvNAME(stash)) );
2327 if (!gvsv || !SvPOK(gvsv)
2328 || !(ngv = gv_fetchmethod_sv_flags(stash, gvsv, 0)))
2330 /* Can be an import stub (created by "can"). */
2335 const SV * const name = (gvsv && SvPOK(gvsv))
2337 : newSVpvs_flags("???", SVs_TEMP);
2338 /* diag_listed_as: Can't resolve method "%s" overloading "%s" in package "%s" */
2339 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s method \"%"SVf256
2340 "\" overloading \"%s\" "\
2341 "in package \"%"HEKf256"\"",
2342 (GvCVGEN(gv) ? "Stub found while resolving"
2350 cv = GvCV(gv = ngv);
2353 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Overloading \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\" via \"%.256s::%.256s\"\n",
2354 cp, HvNAME_get(stash), HvNAME_get(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))),
2355 GvNAME(CvGV(cv))) );
2357 if (i < DESTROY_amg)
2359 } else if (gv) { /* Autoloaded... */
2360 cv = MUTABLE_CV(gv);
2363 amt.table[i]=MUTABLE_CV(SvREFCNT_inc_simple(cv));
2366 AMT_AMAGIC_on(&amt);
2368 AMT_OVERLOADED_on(&amt);
2369 sv_magic(MUTABLE_SV(stash), 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
2370 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMT));
2374 /* Here we have no table: */
2376 AMT_AMAGIC_off(&amt);
2377 sv_magic(MUTABLE_SV(stash), 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
2378 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMTS));
2384 Perl_gv_handler(pTHX_ HV *stash, I32 id)
2390 struct mro_meta* stash_meta;
2392 if (!stash || !HvNAME_get(stash))
2395 stash_meta = HvMROMETA(stash);
2396 newgen = PL_sub_generation + stash_meta->pkg_gen + stash_meta->cache_gen;
2398 mg = mg_find((const SV *)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
2401 /* If we're looking up a destructor to invoke, we must avoid
2402 * that Gv_AMupdate croaks, because we might be dying already */
2403 if (Gv_AMupdate(stash, cBOOL(id == DESTROY_amg)) == -1) {
2404 /* and if it didn't found a destructor, we fall back
2405 * to a simpler method that will only look for the
2406 * destructor instead of the whole magic */
2407 if (id == DESTROY_amg) {
2408 GV * const gv = gv_fetchmethod(stash, "DESTROY");
2414 mg = mg_find((const SV *)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
2417 amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
2418 if ( amtp->was_ok_am != PL_amagic_generation
2419 || amtp->was_ok_sub != newgen )
2421 if (AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
2422 CV * const ret = amtp->table[id];
2423 if (ret && isGV(ret)) { /* Autoloading stab */
2424 /* Passing it through may have resulted in a warning
2425 "Inherited AUTOLOAD for a non-method deprecated", since
2426 our caller is going through a function call, not a method call.
2427 So return the CV for AUTOLOAD, setting $AUTOLOAD. */
2428 GV * const gv = gv_fetchmethod(stash, PL_AMG_names[id]);
2440 /* Implement tryAMAGICun_MG macro.
2441 Do get magic, then see if the stack arg is overloaded and if so call it.
2443 AMGf_set return the arg using SETs rather than assigning to
2445 AMGf_numeric apply sv_2num to the stack arg.
2449 Perl_try_amagic_un(pTHX_ int method, int flags) {
2453 SV* const arg = TOPs;
2457 if (SvAMAGIC(arg) && (tmpsv = amagic_call(arg, &PL_sv_undef, method,
2458 AMGf_noright | AMGf_unary))) {
2459 if (flags & AMGf_set) {
2464 if (SvPADMY(TARG)) {
2465 sv_setsv(TARG, tmpsv);
2475 if ((flags & AMGf_numeric) && SvROK(arg))
2481 /* Implement tryAMAGICbin_MG macro.
2482 Do get magic, then see if the two stack args are overloaded and if so
2485 AMGf_set return the arg using SETs rather than assigning to
2487 AMGf_assign op may be called as mutator (eg +=)
2488 AMGf_numeric apply sv_2num to the stack arg.
2492 Perl_try_amagic_bin(pTHX_ int method, int flags) {
2495 SV* const left = TOPm1s;
2496 SV* const right = TOPs;
2502 if (SvAMAGIC(left) || SvAMAGIC(right)) {
2503 SV * const tmpsv = amagic_call(left, right, method,
2504 ((flags & AMGf_assign) && opASSIGN ? AMGf_assign: 0));
2506 if (flags & AMGf_set) {
2513 if (opASSIGN || SvPADMY(TARG)) {
2514 sv_setsv(TARG, tmpsv);
2524 if(left==right && SvGMAGICAL(left)) {
2525 SV * const left = sv_newmortal();
2527 /* Print the uninitialized warning now, so it includes the vari-
2530 if (ckWARN(WARN_UNINITIALIZED)) report_uninit(right);
2531 sv_setsv_flags(left, &PL_sv_no, 0);
2533 else sv_setsv_flags(left, right, 0);
2536 if (flags & AMGf_numeric) {
2538 *(sp-1) = sv_2num(TOPm1s);
2540 *sp = sv_2num(right);
2546 Perl_amagic_deref_call(pTHX_ SV *ref, int method) {
2549 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_AMAGIC_DEREF_CALL;
2551 while (SvAMAGIC(ref) &&
2552 (tmpsv = amagic_call(ref, &PL_sv_undef, method,
2553 AMGf_noright | AMGf_unary))) {
2555 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Overloaded dereference did not return a reference");
2556 if (tmpsv == ref || SvRV(tmpsv) == SvRV(ref)) {
2557 /* Bail out if it returns us the same reference. */
2562 return tmpsv ? tmpsv : ref;
2566 Perl_amagic_is_enabled(pTHX_ int method)
2568 SV *lex_mask = cop_hints_fetch_pvs(PL_curcop, "overloading", 0);
2570 assert(PL_curcop->cop_hints & HINT_NO_AMAGIC);
2572 if ( !lex_mask || !SvOK(lex_mask) )
2573 /* overloading lexically disabled */
2575 else if ( lex_mask && SvPOK(lex_mask) ) {
2576 /* we have an entry in the hints hash, check if method has been
2577 * masked by overloading.pm */
2579 const int offset = method / 8;
2580 const int bit = method % 8;
2581 char *pv = SvPV(lex_mask, len);
2583 /* Bit set, so this overloading operator is disabled */
2584 if ( (STRLEN)offset < len && pv[offset] & ( 1 << bit ) )
2591 Perl_amagic_call(pTHX_ SV *left, SV *right, int method, int flags)
2596 CV **cvp=NULL, **ocvp=NULL;
2597 AMT *amtp=NULL, *oamtp=NULL;
2598 int off = 0, off1, lr = 0, notfound = 0;
2599 int postpr = 0, force_cpy = 0;
2600 int assign = AMGf_assign & flags;
2601 const int assignshift = assign ? 1 : 0;
2602 int use_default_op = 0;
2608 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_AMAGIC_CALL;
2610 if ( PL_curcop->cop_hints & HINT_NO_AMAGIC ) {
2611 if (!amagic_is_enabled(method)) return NULL;
2614 if (!(AMGf_noleft & flags) && SvAMAGIC(left)
2615 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(left))) && Gv_AMG(stash)
2616 && (mg = mg_find((const SV *)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
2617 && (ocvp = cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
2618 ? (oamtp = amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
2620 && ((cv = cvp[off=method+assignshift])
2621 || (assign && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && /* fallback to
2627 cv = cvp[off=method])))) {
2628 lr = -1; /* Call method for left argument */
2630 if (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && flags & AMGf_unary) {
2633 /* look for substituted methods */
2634 /* In all the covered cases we should be called with assign==0. */
2638 if ((cv = cvp[off=add_ass_amg])
2639 || ((cv = cvp[off = add_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr = 1))) {
2640 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
2645 if ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_ass_amg])
2646 || ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr=1))) {
2647 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
2651 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
2654 (void)((cv = cvp[off=string_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
2657 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
2660 (void)((cv = cvp[off=bool__amg])
2661 || (cv = cvp[off=numer_amg])
2662 || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
2669 * SV* ref causes confusion with the interpreter variable of
2672 SV* const tmpRef=SvRV(left);
2673 if (!SvROK(tmpRef) && SvTYPE(tmpRef) <= SVt_PVMG) {
2675 * Just to be extra cautious. Maybe in some
2676 * additional cases sv_setsv is safe, too.
2678 SV* const newref = newSVsv(tmpRef);
2679 SvOBJECT_on(newref);
2680 /* No need to do SvAMAGIC_on here, as SvAMAGIC macros
2681 delegate to the stash. */
2682 SvSTASH_set(newref, MUTABLE_HV(SvREFCNT_inc(SvSTASH(tmpRef))));
2688 if ((cvp[off1=lt_amg] || cvp[off1=ncmp_amg])
2689 && ((cv = cvp[off=neg_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg]))) {
2690 SV* const nullsv=sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
2692 SV* const lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
2693 lt_amg,AMGf_noright);
2694 logic = SvTRUE(lessp);
2696 SV* const lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
2697 ncmp_amg,AMGf_noright);
2698 logic = (SvNV(lessp) < 0);
2701 if (off==subtr_amg) {
2712 if ((cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg])) {
2714 left = sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
2719 case iter_amg: /* XXXX Eventually should do to_gv. */
2720 case ftest_amg: /* XXXX Eventually should do to_gv. */
2723 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
2731 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
2736 if (!cv) goto not_found;
2737 } else if (!(AMGf_noright & flags) && SvAMAGIC(right)
2738 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(right))) && Gv_AMG(stash)
2739 && (mg = mg_find((const SV *)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
2740 && (cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
2741 ? (amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
2743 && ((cv = cvp[off=method+assignshift])
2744 || (assign && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && /* fallback to
2750 cv = cvp[off=method])))) { /* Method for right
2753 } else if (((cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER)
2754 || (ocvp && oamtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER))
2755 && !(flags & AMGf_unary)) {
2756 /* We look for substitution for
2757 * comparison operations and
2759 if (method==concat_amg || method==concat_ass_amg
2760 || method==repeat_amg || method==repeat_ass_amg) {
2761 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to string conversion */
2783 if (ocvp && (oamtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER)) {
2787 if (!cv && (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER)) {
2797 not_found: /* No method found, either report or croak */
2805 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
2808 if (ocvp && (cv=ocvp[nomethod_amg])) { /* Call report method */
2809 notfound = 1; lr = -1;
2810 } else if (cvp && (cv=cvp[nomethod_amg])) {
2811 notfound = 1; lr = 1;
2812 } else if ((use_default_op =
2813 (!ocvp || oamtp->fallback >= AMGfallYES)
2814 && (!cvp || amtp->fallback >= AMGfallYES))
2816 /* Skip generating the "no method found" message. */
2820 if (off==-1) off=method;
2821 msg = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_
2822 "Operation \"%s\": no method found,%sargument %s%"SVf"%s%"SVf,
2823 AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),
2824 (flags & AMGf_unary ? " " : "\n\tleft "),
2826 "in overloaded package ":
2827 "has no overloaded magic",
2829 SVfARG(sv_2mortal(newSVhek(HvNAME_HEK(SvSTASH(SvRV(left)))))):
2832 ",\n\tright argument in overloaded package ":
2835 : ",\n\tright argument has no overloaded magic"),
2837 SVfARG(sv_2mortal(newSVhek(HvNAME_HEK(SvSTASH(SvRV(right)))))):
2838 SVfARG(&PL_sv_no)));
2839 if (use_default_op) {
2840 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "%"SVf, SVfARG(msg)) );
2842 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf, SVfARG(msg));
2846 force_cpy = force_cpy || assign;
2851 DEBUG_o(Perl_deb(aTHX_
2852 "Overloaded operator \"%s\"%s%s%s:\n\tmethod%s found%s in package %"SVf"%s\n",
2854 method+assignshift==off? "" :
2856 method+assignshift==off? "" :
2857 AMG_id2name(method+assignshift),
2858 method+assignshift==off? "" : "\")",
2859 flags & AMGf_unary? "" :
2860 lr==1 ? " for right argument": " for left argument",
2861 flags & AMGf_unary? " for argument" : "",
2862 stash ? SVfARG(sv_2mortal(newSVhek(HvNAME_HEK(stash)))) : SVfARG(newSVpvs_flags("null", SVs_TEMP)),
2863 fl? ",\n\tassignment variant used": "") );
2866 /* Since we use shallow copy during assignment, we need
2867 * to dublicate the contents, probably calling user-supplied
2868 * version of copy operator
2870 /* We need to copy in following cases:
2871 * a) Assignment form was called.
2872 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 == off
2873 * b) Increment or decrement, called directly.
2874 * assignshift==0, assign==0, method + 0 == off
2875 * c) Increment or decrement, translated to assignment add/subtr.
2876 * assignshift==0, assign==T,
2878 * d) Increment or decrement, translated to nomethod.
2879 * assignshift==0, assign==0,
2881 * e) Assignment form translated to nomethod.
2882 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 != off
2885 /* off is method, method+assignshift, or a result of opcode substitution.
2886 * In the latter case assignshift==0, so only notfound case is important.
2888 if ( (lr == -1) && ( ( (method + assignshift == off)
2889 && (assign || (method == inc_amg) || (method == dec_amg)))
2892 /* newSVsv does not behave as advertised, so we copy missing
2893 * information by hand */
2894 SV *tmpRef = SvRV(left);
2896 if (SvREFCNT(tmpRef) > 1 && (rv_copy = AMG_CALLunary(left,copy_amg))) {
2897 SvRV_set(left, rv_copy);
2899 SvREFCNT_dec(tmpRef);
2907 const bool oldcatch = CATCH_GET;
2910 Zero(&myop, 1, BINOP);
2911 myop.op_last = (OP *) &myop;
2912 myop.op_next = NULL;
2913 myop.op_flags = OPf_WANT_SCALAR | OPf_STACKED;
2915 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_OVERLOAD);
2918 PL_op = (OP *) &myop;
2919 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash)
2920 PL_op->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
2922 Perl_pp_pushmark(aTHX);
2924 EXTEND(SP, notfound + 5);
2925 PUSHs(lr>0? right: left);
2926 PUSHs(lr>0? left: right);
2927 PUSHs( lr > 0 ? &PL_sv_yes : ( assign ? &PL_sv_undef : &PL_sv_no ));
2929 PUSHs(newSVpvn_flags(AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),
2930 AMG_id2namelen(method + assignshift), SVs_TEMP));
2932 PUSHs(MUTABLE_SV(cv));
2935 if ((PL_op = PL_ppaddr[OP_ENTERSUB](aTHX)))
2943 CATCH_SET(oldcatch);
2950 ans=SvIV(res)<=0; break;
2953 ans=SvIV(res)<0; break;
2956 ans=SvIV(res)>=0; break;
2959 ans=SvIV(res)>0; break;
2962 ans=SvIV(res)==0; break;
2965 ans=SvIV(res)!=0; break;
2968 SvSetSV(left,res); return left;
2970 ans=!SvTRUE(res); break;
2975 } else if (method==copy_amg) {
2977 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Copy method did not return a reference");
2979 return SvREFCNT_inc(SvRV(res));
2987 Perl_gv_name_set(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *name, U32 len, U32 flags)
2992 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_NAME_SET;
2995 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: gv name too long (%"UVuf")", (UV) len);
2997 if (!(flags & GV_ADD) && GvNAME_HEK(gv)) {
2998 unshare_hek(GvNAME_HEK(gv));
3001 PERL_HASH(hash, name, len);
3002 GvNAME_HEK(gv) = share_hek(name, (flags & SVf_UTF8 ? -(I32)len : (I32)len), hash);
3006 =for apidoc gv_try_downgrade
3008 If the typeglob C<gv> can be expressed more succinctly, by having
3009 something other than a real GV in its place in the stash, replace it
3010 with the optimised form. Basic requirements for this are that C<gv>
3011 is a real typeglob, is sufficiently ordinary, and is only referenced
3012 from its package. This function is meant to be used when a GV has been
3013 looked up in part to see what was there, causing upgrading, but based
3014 on what was found it turns out that the real GV isn't required after all.
3016 If C<gv> is a completely empty typeglob, it is deleted from the stash.
3018 If C<gv> is a typeglob containing only a sufficiently-ordinary constant
3019 sub, the typeglob is replaced with a scalar-reference placeholder that
3020 more compactly represents the same thing.
3026 Perl_gv_try_downgrade(pTHX_ GV *gv)
3032 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_TRY_DOWNGRADE;
3034 /* XXX Why and where does this leave dangling pointers during global
3036 if (PL_phase == PERL_PHASE_DESTRUCT) return;
3038 if (!(SvREFCNT(gv) == 1 && SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV && !SvFAKE(gv) &&
3039 !SvOBJECT(gv) && !SvREADONLY(gv) &&
3040 isGV_with_GP(gv) && GvGP(gv) &&
3041 !GvINTRO(gv) && GvREFCNT(gv) == 1 &&
3042 !GvSV(gv) && !GvAV(gv) && !GvHV(gv) && !GvIOp(gv) && !GvFORM(gv) &&
3043 GvEGVx(gv) == gv && (stash = GvSTASH(gv))))
3045 if (SvMAGICAL(gv)) {
3047 /* only backref magic is allowed */
3048 if (SvGMAGICAL(gv) || SvSMAGICAL(gv))
3050 for (mg = SvMAGIC(gv); mg; mg = mg->mg_moremagic) {
3051 if (mg->mg_type != PERL_MAGIC_backref)
3057 HEK *gvnhek = GvNAME_HEK(gv);
3058 (void)hv_delete(stash, HEK_KEY(gvnhek),
3059 HEK_UTF8(gvnhek) ? -HEK_LEN(gvnhek) : HEK_LEN(gvnhek), G_DISCARD);
3060 } else if (GvMULTI(gv) && cv &&
3061 !SvOBJECT(cv) && !SvMAGICAL(cv) && !SvREADONLY(cv) &&
3062 CvSTASH(cv) == stash && CvGV(cv) == gv &&
3063 CvCONST(cv) && !CvMETHOD(cv) && !CvLVALUE(cv) && !CvUNIQUE(cv) &&
3064 !CvNODEBUG(cv) && !CvCLONE(cv) && !CvCLONED(cv) && !CvANON(cv) &&
3065 (namehek = GvNAME_HEK(gv)) &&
3066 (gvp = hv_fetch(stash, HEK_KEY(namehek),
3067 HEK_LEN(namehek)*(HEK_UTF8(namehek) ? -1 : 1), 0)) &&
3069 SV *value = SvREFCNT_inc(CvXSUBANY(cv).any_ptr);
3073 SvFLAGS(gv) = SVt_IV|SVf_ROK;
3074 SvANY(gv) = (XPVGV*)((char*)&(gv->sv_u.svu_iv) -
3075 STRUCT_OFFSET(XPVIV, xiv_iv));
3076 SvRV_set(gv, value);
3083 core_xsub(pTHX_ CV* cv)
3086 "&CORE::%s cannot be called directly", GvNAME(CvGV(cv))
3092 * c-indentation-style: bsd
3094 * indent-tabs-mode: t
3097 * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 noet: