3 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000,
4 * 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008 by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * Far below them they saw the white waters pour into a foaming bowl, and
13 * then swirl darkly about a deep oval basin in the rocks, until they found
14 * their way out again through a narrow gate, and flowed away, fuming and
15 * chattering, into calmer and more level reaches.
17 * [p.684 of _The Lord of the Rings_, IV/vi: "The Forbidden Pool"]
20 /* This file contains functions that do the actual I/O on behalf of ops.
21 * For example, pp_print() calls the do_print() function in this file for
22 * each argument needing printing.
26 #define PERL_IN_DOIO_C
29 #if defined(HAS_MSG) || defined(HAS_SEM) || defined(HAS_SHM)
38 # ifndef HAS_SHMAT_PROTOTYPE
39 extern Shmat_t shmat (int, char *, int);
45 # if defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__MINGW32__)
46 # include <sys/utime.h>
53 # define OPEN_EXCL O_EXCL
58 #define PERL_MODE_MAX 8
59 #define PERL_FLAGS_MAX 10
64 S_openn_setup(pTHX_ GV *gv, char *mode, PerlIO **saveifp, PerlIO **saveofp,
65 int *savefd, char *savetype)
67 IO * const io = GvIOn(gv);
69 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_OPENN_SETUP;
74 *savetype = IoTYPE_CLOSED;
76 Zero(mode,sizeof(mode),char);
77 PL_forkprocess = 1; /* assume true if no fork */
79 /* If currently open - close before we re-open */
81 if (IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_STD) {
82 /* This is a clone of one of STD* handles */
85 const int old_fd = PerlIO_fileno(IoIFP(io));
87 if (old_fd >= 0 && old_fd <= PL_maxsysfd) {
88 /* This is one of the original STD* handles */
91 *savetype = IoTYPE(io);
97 if (IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_PIPE)
98 result = PerlProc_pclose(IoIFP(io));
99 else if (IoIFP(io) != IoOFP(io)) {
101 result = PerlIO_close(IoOFP(io));
102 PerlIO_close(IoIFP(io)); /* clear stdio, fd already closed */
105 result = PerlIO_close(IoIFP(io));
108 result = PerlIO_close(IoIFP(io));
110 if (result == EOF && old_fd > PL_maxsysfd) {
111 /* Why is this not Perl_warn*() call ? */
112 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log,
113 "Warning: unable to close filehandle %"HEKf" properly.\n",
114 HEKfARG(GvENAME_HEK(gv))
119 IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = NULL;
125 Perl_do_openn(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *oname, I32 len, int as_raw,
126 int rawmode, int rawperm, PerlIO *supplied_fp, SV **svp,
129 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_DO_OPENN;
132 /* sysopen style args, i.e. integer mode and permissions */
135 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: sysopen with multiple args, num_svs=%ld",
138 return do_open_raw(gv, oname, len, rawmode, rawperm);
140 return do_open6(gv, oname, len, supplied_fp, svp, num_svs);
144 Perl_do_open_raw(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *oname, STRLEN len,
145 int rawmode, int rawperm)
151 char mode[PERL_MODE_MAX]; /* file mode ("r\0", "rb\0", "ab\0" etc.) */
152 IO * const io = openn_setup(gv, mode, &saveifp, &saveofp, &savefd, &savetype);
156 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_DO_OPEN_RAW;
158 /* For ease of blame back to 5.000, keep the existing indenting. */
160 /* sysopen style args, i.e. integer mode and permissions */
162 const int appendtrunc =
164 #ifdef O_APPEND /* Not fully portable. */
167 #ifdef O_TRUNC /* Not fully portable. */
171 const int modifyingmode = O_WRONLY|O_RDWR|O_CREAT|appendtrunc;
181 It might be (in OS/390 and Mac OS Classic it is)
187 This means that simple & with O_RDWR would look
188 like O_RDONLY is present. Therefore we have to
191 if ((ismodifying = (rawmode & modifyingmode))) {
192 if ((ismodifying & O_WRONLY) == O_WRONLY ||
193 (ismodifying & O_RDWR) == O_RDWR ||
194 (ismodifying & (O_CREAT|appendtrunc)))
195 TAINT_PROPER("sysopen");
197 mode[ix++] = IoTYPE_NUMERIC; /* Marker to openn to use numeric "sysopen" */
199 #if defined(USE_64_BIT_RAWIO) && defined(O_LARGEFILE)
200 rawmode |= O_LARGEFILE; /* Transparently largefiley. */
203 IoTYPE(io) = PerlIO_intmode2str(rawmode, &mode[ix], &writing);
205 namesv = newSVpvn_flags(oname, len, SVs_TEMP);
206 fp = PerlIO_openn(aTHX_ NULL, mode, -1, rawmode, rawperm, NULL, 1, &namesv);
208 return openn_cleanup(gv, io, fp, mode, oname, saveifp, saveofp, savefd,
209 savetype, writing, 0, NULL);
213 Perl_do_open6(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *oname, STRLEN len,
214 PerlIO *supplied_fp, SV **svp, U32 num_svs)
220 char mode[PERL_MODE_MAX]; /* file mode ("r\0", "rb\0", "ab\0" etc.) */
221 IO * const io = openn_setup(gv, mode, &saveifp, &saveofp, &savefd, &savetype);
224 bool was_fdopen = FALSE;
227 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_DO_OPEN6;
229 /* For ease of blame back to 5.000, keep the existing indenting. */
231 /* Regular (non-sys) open */
236 bool in_raw = 0, in_crlf = 0, out_raw = 0, out_crlf = 0;
238 /* Collect default raw/crlf info from the op */
239 if (PL_op && PL_op->op_type == OP_OPEN) {
240 /* set up IO layers */
241 const U8 flags = PL_op->op_private;
242 in_raw = (flags & OPpOPEN_IN_RAW);
243 in_crlf = (flags & OPpOPEN_IN_CRLF);
244 out_raw = (flags & OPpOPEN_OUT_RAW);
245 out_crlf = (flags & OPpOPEN_OUT_CRLF);
248 type = savepvn(oname, len);
252 /* Lose leading and trailing white space */
253 while (isSPACE(*type))
255 while (tend > type && isSPACE(tend[-1]))
261 /* New style explicit name, type is just mode and layer info */
263 if (SvROK(*svp) && !strchr(oname,'&')) {
265 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_IO),
266 "Can't open a reference");
267 SETERRNO(EINVAL, LIB_INVARG);
271 #endif /* USE_STDIO */
272 p = (SvOK(*svp) || SvGMAGICAL(*svp)) ? SvPV(*svp, nlen) : NULL;
274 if (p && !IS_SAFE_PATHNAME(p, nlen, "open")) {
279 name = p ? savepvn(p, nlen) : savepvs("");
288 if ((*type == IoTYPE_RDWR) && /* scary */
289 (*(type+1) == IoTYPE_RDONLY || *(type+1) == IoTYPE_WRONLY) &&
290 ((!num_svs || (tend > type+1 && tend[-1] != IoTYPE_PIPE)))) {
291 TAINT_PROPER("open");
296 if (*type == IoTYPE_PIPE) {
298 if (type[1] != IoTYPE_STD) {
300 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Unknown open() mode '%.*s'", (int)olen, oname);
306 } while (isSPACE(*type));
312 /* command is missing 19990114 */
313 if (ckWARN(WARN_PIPE))
314 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_PIPE), "Missing command in piped open");
319 if (!(*name == '-' && name[1] == '\0') || num_svs)
321 TAINT_PROPER("piped open");
322 if (!num_svs && name[len-1] == '|') {
324 if (ckWARN(WARN_PIPE))
325 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_PIPE), "Can't open bidirectional pipe");
334 fp = PerlProc_popen_list(mode, num_svs, svp);
337 fp = PerlProc_popen(name,mode);
341 if (PerlIO_apply_layers(aTHX_ fp, mode, type) != 0) {
348 else if (*type == IoTYPE_WRONLY) {
349 TAINT_PROPER("open");
351 if (*type == IoTYPE_WRONLY) {
352 /* Two IoTYPE_WRONLYs in a row make for an IoTYPE_APPEND. */
353 mode[0] = IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_APPEND;
367 dodup = PERLIO_DUP_FD;
373 if (!num_svs && !*type && supplied_fp) {
374 /* "<+&" etc. is used by typemaps */
378 PerlIO *that_fp = NULL;
381 /* diag_listed_as: More than one argument to '%s' open */
382 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "More than one argument to '%c&' open",IoTYPE(io));
384 while (isSPACE(*type))
388 || (SvPOKp(*svp) && looks_like_number(*svp))
390 wanted_fd = SvUV(*svp);
393 else if (isDIGIT(*type)) {
394 wanted_fd = grok_atou(type, NULL);
399 thatio = sv_2io(*svp);
402 GV * const thatgv = gv_fetchpvn_flags(type, tend - type,
404 thatio = GvIO(thatgv);
408 SETERRNO(EINVAL,SS_IVCHAN);
413 if ((that_fp = IoIFP(thatio))) {
414 /* Flush stdio buffer before dup. --mjd
415 * Unfortunately SEEK_CURing 0 seems to
416 * be optimized away on most platforms;
417 * only Solaris and Linux seem to flush
419 /* On the other hand, do all platforms
420 * take gracefully to flushing a read-only
421 * filehandle? Perhaps we should do
422 * fsetpos(src)+fgetpos(dst)? --nik */
423 PerlIO_flush(that_fp);
424 wanted_fd = PerlIO_fileno(that_fp);
425 /* When dup()ing STDIN, STDOUT or STDERR
426 * explicitly set appropriate access mode */
427 if (that_fp == PerlIO_stdout()
428 || that_fp == PerlIO_stderr())
429 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_WRONLY;
430 else if (that_fp == PerlIO_stdin())
431 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_RDONLY;
432 /* When dup()ing a socket, say result is
434 else if (IoTYPE(thatio) == IoTYPE_SOCKET)
435 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_SOCKET;
443 fp = PerlIO_fdupopen(aTHX_ that_fp, NULL, dodup);
447 wanted_fd = PerlLIO_dup(wanted_fd);
450 if (!(fp = PerlIO_openn(aTHX_ type,mode,wanted_fd,0,0,NULL,num_svs,svp))) {
451 if (dodup && wanted_fd >= 0)
452 PerlLIO_close(wanted_fd);
458 while (isSPACE(*type))
460 if (*type == IoTYPE_STD && (!type[1] || isSPACE(type[1]) || type[1] == ':')) {
462 fp = PerlIO_stdout();
463 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_STD;
465 /* diag_listed_as: More than one argument to '%s' open */
466 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "More than one argument to '>%c' open",IoTYPE_STD);
471 fp = PerlIO_openn(aTHX_ type,mode,-1,0,0,NULL,num_svs,svp);
474 SV *namesv = newSVpvn_flags(type, tend - type, SVs_TEMP);
476 fp = PerlIO_openn(aTHX_ type,mode,-1,0,0,NULL,1,&namesv);
480 if (!fp && type && *type && *type != ':' && !isIDFIRST(*type))
481 goto unknown_open_mode;
482 } /* IoTYPE_WRONLY */
483 else if (*type == IoTYPE_RDONLY) {
486 } while (isSPACE(*type));
495 if (*type == IoTYPE_STD && (!type[1] || isSPACE(type[1]) || type[1] == ':')) {
498 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_STD;
500 /* diag_listed_as: More than one argument to '%s' open */
501 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "More than one argument to '<%c' open",IoTYPE_STD);
506 fp = PerlIO_openn(aTHX_ type,mode,-1,0,0,NULL,num_svs,svp);
509 SV *namesv = newSVpvn_flags(type, tend - type, SVs_TEMP);
511 fp = PerlIO_openn(aTHX_ type,mode,-1,0,0,NULL,1,&namesv);
514 if (!fp && type && *type && *type != ':' && !isIDFIRST(*type))
515 goto unknown_open_mode;
516 } /* IoTYPE_RDONLY */
517 else if ((num_svs && /* '-|...' or '...|' */
518 type[0] == IoTYPE_STD && type[1] == IoTYPE_PIPE) ||
519 (!num_svs && tend > type+1 && tend[-1] == IoTYPE_PIPE)) {
521 type += 2; /* skip over '-|' */
525 while (tend > type && isSPACE(tend[-1]))
527 for (; isSPACE(*type); type++)
533 /* command is missing 19990114 */
534 if (ckWARN(WARN_PIPE))
535 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_PIPE), "Missing command in piped open");
540 if (!(*name == '-' && name[1] == '\0') || num_svs)
542 TAINT_PROPER("piped open");
551 fp = PerlProc_popen_list(mode,num_svs,svp);
554 fp = PerlProc_popen(name,mode);
556 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_PIPE;
558 while (isSPACE(*type))
561 if (PerlIO_apply_layers(aTHX_ fp, mode, type) != 0) {
568 else { /* layer(Args) */
570 goto unknown_open_mode;
572 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_RDONLY;
573 for (; isSPACE(*name); name++)
582 if (*name == '-' && name[1] == '\0') {
584 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_STD;
588 fp = PerlIO_openn(aTHX_ type,mode,-1,0,0,NULL,num_svs,svp);
591 SV *namesv = newSVpvn_flags(type, tend - type, SVs_TEMP);
593 fp = PerlIO_openn(aTHX_ type,mode,-1,0,0,NULL,1,&namesv);
600 return openn_cleanup(gv, io, fp, mode, oname, saveifp, saveofp, savefd,
601 savetype, writing, was_fdopen, type);
604 /* Yes, this is ugly, but it's private, and I don't see a cleaner way to
605 simplify the two-headed public interface of do_openn. */
607 S_openn_cleanup(pTHX_ GV *gv, IO *io, PerlIO *fp, char *mode, const char *oname,
608 PerlIO *saveifp, PerlIO *saveofp, int savefd, char savetype,
609 int writing, bool was_fdopen, const char *type)
613 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_OPENN_CLEANUP;
616 if (IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_RDONLY && ckWARN(WARN_NEWLINE)
617 && should_warn_nl(oname)
621 GCC_DIAG_IGNORE(-Wformat-nonliteral); /* PL_warn_nl is constant */
622 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_NEWLINE), PL_warn_nl, "open");
628 if (ckWARN(WARN_IO)) {
629 if ((IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_RDONLY) &&
630 (fp == PerlIO_stdout() || fp == PerlIO_stderr())) {
631 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_IO),
632 "Filehandle STD%s reopened as %"HEKf
634 ((fp == PerlIO_stdout()) ? "OUT" : "ERR"),
635 HEKfARG(GvENAME_HEK(gv)));
637 else if ((IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_WRONLY) && fp == PerlIO_stdin()) {
638 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_IO),
639 "Filehandle STDIN reopened as %"HEKf" only for output",
640 HEKfARG(GvENAME_HEK(gv))
645 fd = PerlIO_fileno(fp);
646 /* Do NOT do: "if (fd < 0) goto say_false;" here. If there is no
647 * fd assume it isn't a socket - this covers PerlIO::scalar -
648 * otherwise unless we "know" the type probe for socket-ness.
650 if (IoTYPE(io) && IoTYPE(io) != IoTYPE_PIPE && IoTYPE(io) != IoTYPE_STD && fd >= 0) {
651 if (PerlLIO_fstat(fd,&PL_statbuf) < 0) {
652 /* If PerlIO claims to have fd we had better be able to fstat() it. */
653 (void) PerlIO_close(fp);
657 if (S_ISSOCK(PL_statbuf.st_mode))
658 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_SOCKET; /* in case a socket was passed in to us */
661 !(PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_IFMT)
662 && IoTYPE(io) != IoTYPE_WRONLY /* Dups of STD* filehandles already have */
663 && IoTYPE(io) != IoTYPE_RDONLY /* type so they aren't marked as sockets */
664 ) { /* on OS's that return 0 on fstat()ed pipe */
666 Sock_size_t buflen = sizeof tmpbuf;
667 if (PerlSock_getsockname(fd, (struct sockaddr *)tmpbuf, &buflen) >= 0
668 || errno != ENOTSOCK)
669 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_SOCKET; /* some OS's return 0 on fstat()ed socket */
670 /* but some return 0 for streams too, sigh */
672 #endif /* HAS_SOCKET */
673 #endif /* !PERL_MICRO */
677 * If this is a standard handle we discard all the layer stuff
678 * and just dup the fd into whatever was on the handle before !
681 if (saveifp) { /* must use old fp? */
682 /* If fd is less that PL_maxsysfd i.e. STDIN..STDERR
683 then dup the new fileno down
686 PerlIO_flush(saveofp); /* emulate PerlIO_close() */
687 if (saveofp != saveifp) { /* was a socket? */
688 PerlIO_close(saveofp);
692 /* Still a small can-of-worms here if (say) PerlIO::scalar
693 is assigned to (say) STDOUT - for now let dup2() fail
694 and provide the error
697 SETERRNO(EBADF,RMS_IFI);
699 } else if (PerlLIO_dup2(fd, savefd) < 0) {
700 (void)PerlIO_close(fp);
704 if (savefd != PerlIO_fileno(PerlIO_stdin())) {
705 char newname[FILENAME_MAX+1];
706 if (PerlIO_getname(fp, newname)) {
707 if (fd == PerlIO_fileno(PerlIO_stdout()))
708 vmssetuserlnm("SYS$OUTPUT", newname);
709 if (fd == PerlIO_fileno(PerlIO_stderr()))
710 vmssetuserlnm("SYS$ERROR", newname);
716 /* PL_fdpid isn't used on Windows, so avoid this useless work.
717 * XXX Probably the same for a lot of other places. */
722 sv = *av_fetch(PL_fdpid,fd,TRUE);
723 SvUPGRADE(sv, SVt_IV);
726 sv = *av_fetch(PL_fdpid,savefd,TRUE);
727 SvUPGRADE(sv, SVt_IV);
733 /* need to close fp without closing underlying fd */
734 int ofd = PerlIO_fileno(fp);
735 int dupfd = ofd >= 0 ? PerlLIO_dup(ofd) : -1;
736 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
737 /* Assume if we have F_SETFD we have F_GETFD */
738 int coe = ofd >= 0 ? fcntl(ofd, F_GETFD) : -1;
741 PerlLIO_close(dupfd);
745 if (ofd < 0 || dupfd < 0) {
747 PerlLIO_close(dupfd);
751 PerlLIO_dup2(dupfd, ofd);
752 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
753 /* The dup trick has lost close-on-exec on ofd */
754 fcntl(ofd,F_SETFD, coe);
756 PerlLIO_close(dupfd);
763 fd = PerlIO_fileno(fp);
765 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
767 if (fcntl(fd, F_SETFD, fd > PL_maxsysfd) < 0) {
775 IoFLAGS(io) &= ~IOf_NOLINE;
777 if (IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_SOCKET
778 || (IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_WRONLY && fd >= 0 && S_ISCHR(PL_statbuf.st_mode)) ) {
780 if (*s == IoTYPE_IMPLICIT || *s == IoTYPE_NUMERIC)
783 if (!(IoOFP(io) = PerlIO_openn(aTHX_ type,s,fd,0,0,NULL,0,NULL))) {
797 IoTYPE(io) = savetype;
802 Perl_nextargv(pTHX_ GV *gv)
804 IO * const io = GvIOp(gv);
806 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEXTARGV;
809 PL_argvoutgv = gv_fetchpvs("ARGVOUT", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVIO);
810 if (io && (IoFLAGS(io) & IOf_ARGV) && (IoFLAGS(io) & IOf_START)) {
811 IoFLAGS(io) &= ~IOf_START;
814 Perl_av_create_and_push(aTHX_ &PL_argvout_stack,
815 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_NN(PL_defoutgv));
818 if (PL_filemode & (S_ISUID|S_ISGID)) {
819 PerlIO_flush(IoIFP(GvIOn(PL_argvoutgv))); /* chmod must follow last write */
822 (void)fchmod(PL_lastfd,PL_filemode);
824 (void)PerlLIO_chmod(PL_oldname,PL_filemode);
831 while (av_tindex(GvAV(gv)) >= 0) {
833 SV *const sv = av_shift(GvAV(gv));
835 SvTAINTED_off(GvSVn(gv)); /* previous tainting irrelevant */
836 sv_setsv(GvSVn(gv),sv);
837 SvSETMAGIC(GvSV(gv));
838 PL_oldname = SvPVx(GvSV(gv), oldlen);
839 if (LIKELY(!PL_inplace)) {
840 if (do_open6(gv, PL_oldname, oldlen, NULL, NULL, 0)) {
841 return IoIFP(GvIOp(gv));
845 /* This very long block ends with return IoIFP(GvIOp(gv));
846 Both this block and the block above fall through on open
847 failure to the warning code, and then the while loop above tries
849 if (do_open_raw(gv, PL_oldname, oldlen, O_RDONLY, 0)) {
850 #ifndef FLEXFILENAMES
857 TAINT_PROPER("inplace open");
858 if (oldlen == 1 && *PL_oldname == '-') {
859 setdefout(gv_fetchpvs("STDOUT", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL,
861 return IoIFP(GvIOp(gv));
863 #ifndef FLEXFILENAMES
864 filedev = PL_statbuf.st_dev;
865 fileino = PL_statbuf.st_ino;
867 PL_filemode = PL_statbuf.st_mode;
868 fileuid = PL_statbuf.st_uid;
869 filegid = PL_statbuf.st_gid;
870 if (!S_ISREG(PL_filemode)) {
871 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INPLACE),
872 "Can't do inplace edit: %s is not a regular file",
877 if (*PL_inplace && strNE(PL_inplace, "*")) {
878 const char *star = strchr(PL_inplace, '*');
880 const char *begin = PL_inplace;
883 sv_catpvn(sv, begin, star - begin);
884 sv_catpvn(sv, PL_oldname, oldlen);
886 } while ((star = strchr(begin, '*')));
891 sv_catpv(sv,PL_inplace);
893 #ifndef FLEXFILENAMES
894 if ((PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX_const(sv),&PL_statbuf) >= 0
895 && PL_statbuf.st_dev == filedev
896 && PL_statbuf.st_ino == fileino)
898 || ((_djstat_fail_bits & _STFAIL_TRUENAME)!=0)
902 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INPLACE),
903 "Can't do inplace edit: %"SVf" would not be unique",
910 #if !defined(DOSISH) && !defined(__CYGWIN__)
911 if (PerlLIO_rename(PL_oldname,SvPVX_const(sv)) < 0) {
912 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INPLACE),
913 "Can't rename %s to %"SVf": %s, skipping file",
914 PL_oldname, SVfARG(sv), Strerror(errno));
920 (void)PerlLIO_unlink(SvPVX_const(sv));
921 (void)PerlLIO_rename(PL_oldname,SvPVX_const(sv));
922 do_open_raw(gv, SvPVX_const(sv), SvCUR(sv), O_RDONLY, 0);
925 (void)UNLINK(SvPVX_const(sv));
926 if (link(PL_oldname,SvPVX_const(sv)) < 0) {
927 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INPLACE),
928 "Can't rename %s to %"SVf": %s, skipping file",
929 PL_oldname, SVfARG(sv), Strerror(errno) );
933 (void)UNLINK(PL_oldname);
937 #if !defined(DOSISH) && !defined(AMIGAOS)
938 # ifndef VMS /* Don't delete; use automatic file versioning */
939 if (UNLINK(PL_oldname) < 0) {
940 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INPLACE),
941 "Can't remove %s: %s, skipping file",
942 PL_oldname, Strerror(errno) );
948 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do inplace edit without backup");
952 sv_setpvn(sv,PL_oldname,oldlen);
953 SETERRNO(0,0); /* in case sprintf set errno */
954 if (!Perl_do_open_raw(aTHX_ PL_argvoutgv, SvPVX_const(sv),
957 O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_TRUNC, 0
959 O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|OPEN_EXCL, 0600
962 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INPLACE), "Can't do inplace edit on %s: %s",
963 PL_oldname, Strerror(errno) );
967 setdefout(PL_argvoutgv);
968 PL_lastfd = PerlIO_fileno(IoIFP(GvIOp(PL_argvoutgv)));
969 if (PL_lastfd >= 0) {
970 (void)PerlLIO_fstat(PL_lastfd,&PL_statbuf);
972 (void)fchmod(PL_lastfd,PL_filemode);
974 (void)PerlLIO_chmod(PL_oldname,PL_filemode);
976 if (fileuid != PL_statbuf.st_uid || filegid != PL_statbuf.st_gid) {
977 /* XXX silently ignore failures */
979 PERL_UNUSED_RESULT(fchown(PL_lastfd,fileuid,filegid));
982 PERL_UNUSED_RESULT(PerlLIO_chown(PL_oldname,fileuid,filegid));
987 return IoIFP(GvIOp(gv));
989 } /* successful do_open_raw(), PL_inplace non-NULL */
991 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_INPLACE)) {
992 const int eno = errno;
993 if (PerlLIO_stat(PL_oldname, &PL_statbuf) >= 0
994 && !S_ISREG(PL_statbuf.st_mode)) {
995 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INPLACE),
996 "Can't do inplace edit: %s is not a regular file",
1000 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INPLACE), "Can't open %s: %s",
1001 PL_oldname, Strerror(eno));
1005 if (io && (IoFLAGS(io) & IOf_ARGV))
1006 IoFLAGS(io) |= IOf_START;
1008 (void)do_close(PL_argvoutgv,FALSE);
1009 if (io && (IoFLAGS(io) & IOf_ARGV)
1010 && PL_argvout_stack && AvFILLp(PL_argvout_stack) >= 0)
1012 GV * const oldout = MUTABLE_GV(av_pop(PL_argvout_stack));
1014 SvREFCNT_dec_NN(oldout);
1017 setdefout(gv_fetchpvs("STDOUT", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVIO));
1022 /* explicit renamed to avoid C++ conflict -- kja */
1024 Perl_do_close(pTHX_ GV *gv, bool not_implicit)
1031 if (!gv || !isGV_with_GP(gv)) {
1033 SETERRNO(EBADF,SS_IVCHAN);
1037 if (!io) { /* never opened */
1040 SETERRNO(EBADF,SS_IVCHAN);
1044 retval = io_close(io, not_implicit);
1048 IoLINES_LEFT(io) = IoPAGE_LEN(io);
1050 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_CLOSED;
1055 Perl_io_close(pTHX_ IO *io, bool not_implicit)
1057 bool retval = FALSE;
1059 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_IO_CLOSE;
1062 if (IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_PIPE) {
1063 const int status = PerlProc_pclose(IoIFP(io));
1065 STATUS_NATIVE_CHILD_SET(status);
1066 retval = (STATUS_UNIX == 0);
1069 retval = (status != -1);
1072 else if (IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_STD)
1075 if (IoOFP(io) && IoOFP(io) != IoIFP(io)) { /* a socket */
1076 const bool prev_err = PerlIO_error(IoOFP(io));
1077 retval = (PerlIO_close(IoOFP(io)) != EOF && !prev_err);
1078 PerlIO_close(IoIFP(io)); /* clear stdio, fd already closed */
1081 const bool prev_err = PerlIO_error(IoIFP(io));
1082 retval = (PerlIO_close(IoIFP(io)) != EOF && !prev_err);
1085 IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = NULL;
1087 else if (not_implicit) {
1088 SETERRNO(EBADF,SS_IVCHAN);
1095 Perl_do_eof(pTHX_ GV *gv)
1097 IO * const io = GvIO(gv);
1099 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_DO_EOF;
1103 else if (IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_WRONLY)
1104 report_wrongway_fh(gv, '>');
1107 if (PerlIO_has_cntptr(IoIFP(io))) { /* (the code works without this) */
1108 if (PerlIO_get_cnt(IoIFP(io)) > 0) /* cheat a little, since */
1109 return FALSE; /* this is the most usual case */
1113 /* getc and ungetc can stomp on errno */
1115 const int ch = PerlIO_getc(IoIFP(io));
1117 (void)PerlIO_ungetc(IoIFP(io),ch);
1124 if (PerlIO_has_cntptr(IoIFP(io)) && PerlIO_canset_cnt(IoIFP(io))) {
1125 if (PerlIO_get_cnt(IoIFP(io)) < -1)
1126 PerlIO_set_cnt(IoIFP(io),-1);
1128 if (PL_op->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL) { /* not necessarily a real EOF yet? */
1129 if (gv != PL_argvgv || !nextargv(gv)) /* get another fp handy */
1133 return TRUE; /* normal fp, definitely end of file */
1139 Perl_do_tell(pTHX_ GV *gv)
1141 IO *const io = GvIO(gv);
1144 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_DO_TELL;
1146 if (io && (fp = IoIFP(io))) {
1147 return PerlIO_tell(fp);
1150 SETERRNO(EBADF,RMS_IFI);
1155 Perl_do_seek(pTHX_ GV *gv, Off_t pos, int whence)
1157 IO *const io = GvIO(gv);
1160 if (io && (fp = IoIFP(io))) {
1161 return PerlIO_seek(fp, pos, whence) >= 0;
1164 SETERRNO(EBADF,RMS_IFI);
1169 Perl_do_sysseek(pTHX_ GV *gv, Off_t pos, int whence)
1171 IO *const io = GvIO(gv);
1174 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_DO_SYSSEEK;
1176 if (io && (fp = IoIFP(io))) {
1177 int fd = PerlIO_fileno(fp);
1179 return PerlLIO_lseek(fd, pos, whence);
1183 SETERRNO(EBADF,RMS_IFI);
1188 Perl_mode_from_discipline(pTHX_ const char *s, STRLEN len)
1190 int mode = O_BINARY;
1191 PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
1197 if (s[2] == 'a' && s[3] == 'w'
1198 && (!s[4] || s[4] == ':' || isSPACE(s[4])))
1207 if (s[2] == 'r' && s[3] == 'l' && s[4] == 'f'
1208 && (!s[5] || s[5] == ':' || isSPACE(s[5])))
1217 goto fail_discipline;
1220 else if (isSPACE(*s)) {
1227 end = strchr(s+1, ':');
1230 #ifndef PERLIO_LAYERS
1231 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "IO layers (like '%.*s') unavailable", end-s, s);
1242 #if !defined(HAS_TRUNCATE) && !defined(HAS_CHSIZE)
1244 my_chsize(int fd, Off_t length)
1247 /* code courtesy of William Kucharski */
1252 if (PerlLIO_fstat(fd, &filebuf) < 0)
1255 if (filebuf.st_size < length) {
1257 /* extend file length */
1259 if ((PerlLIO_lseek(fd, (length - 1), 0)) < 0)
1262 /* write a "0" byte */
1264 if ((PerlLIO_write(fd, "", 1)) != 1)
1268 /* truncate length */
1272 fl.l_start = length;
1273 fl.l_type = F_WRLCK; /* write lock on file space */
1276 * This relies on the UNDOCUMENTED F_FREESP argument to
1277 * fcntl(2), which truncates the file so that it ends at the
1278 * position indicated by fl.l_start.
1280 * Will minor miracles never cease?
1283 if (fcntl(fd, F_FREESP, &fl) < 0)
1289 Perl_croak_nocontext("truncate not implemented");
1290 #endif /* F_FREESP */
1293 #endif /* !HAS_TRUNCATE && !HAS_CHSIZE */
1296 Perl_do_print(pTHX_ SV *sv, PerlIO *fp)
1298 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_DO_PRINT;
1300 /* assuming fp is checked earlier */
1303 if (SvTYPE(sv) == SVt_IV && SvIOK(sv)) {
1304 assert(!SvGMAGICAL(sv));
1306 PerlIO_printf(fp, "%"UVuf, (UV)SvUVX(sv));
1308 PerlIO_printf(fp, "%"IVdf, (IV)SvIVX(sv));
1309 return !PerlIO_error(fp);
1313 /* Do this first to trigger any overloading. */
1314 const char *tmps = SvPV_const(sv, len);
1318 if (PerlIO_isutf8(fp)) { /* If the stream is utf8 ... */
1319 if (!SvUTF8(sv)) { /* Convert to utf8 if necessary */
1320 /* We don't modify the original scalar. */
1321 tmpbuf = bytes_to_utf8((const U8*) tmps, &len);
1322 tmps = (char *) tmpbuf;
1324 else if (ckWARN4_d(WARN_UTF8, WARN_SURROGATE, WARN_NON_UNICODE, WARN_NONCHAR)) {
1325 (void) check_utf8_print((const U8*) tmps, len);
1327 } /* else stream isn't utf8 */
1328 else if (DO_UTF8(sv)) { /* But if is utf8 internally, attempt to
1330 STRLEN tmplen = len;
1332 U8 * const result = bytes_from_utf8((const U8*) tmps, &tmplen, &utf8);
1335 /* Here, succeeded in downgrading from utf8. Set up to below
1336 * output the converted value */
1338 tmps = (char *) tmpbuf;
1341 else { /* Non-utf8 output stream, but string only representable in
1343 assert((char *)result == tmps);
1344 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_UTF8),
1345 "Wide character in %s",
1346 PL_op ? OP_DESC(PL_op) : "print"
1348 /* Could also check that isn't one of the things to avoid
1349 * in utf8 by using check_utf8_print(), but not doing so,
1350 * since the stream isn't a UTF8 stream */
1353 /* To detect whether the process is about to overstep its
1354 * filesize limit we would need getrlimit(). We could then
1355 * also transparently raise the limit with setrlimit() --
1356 * but only until the system hard limit/the filesystem limit,
1357 * at which we would get EPERM. Note that when using buffered
1358 * io the write failure can be delayed until the flush/close. --jhi */
1359 if (len && (PerlIO_write(fp,tmps,len) == 0))
1362 return happy ? !PerlIO_error(fp) : FALSE;
1367 Perl_my_stat_flags(pTHX_ const U32 flags)
1373 if (PL_op->op_flags & OPf_REF) {
1377 return PL_laststatval;
1380 PL_laststype = OP_STAT;
1381 PL_statgv = gv ? gv : (GV *)io;
1382 sv_setpvs(PL_statname, "");
1385 int fd = PerlIO_fileno(IoIFP(io));
1387 /* E.g. PerlIO::scalar has no real fd. */
1388 return (PL_laststatval = -1);
1390 return (PL_laststatval = PerlLIO_fstat(fd, &PL_statcache));
1392 } else if (IoDIRP(io)) {
1393 return (PL_laststatval = PerlLIO_fstat(my_dirfd(IoDIRP(io)), &PL_statcache));
1396 PL_laststatval = -1;
1400 else if ((PL_op->op_private & (OPpFT_STACKED|OPpFT_AFTER_t))
1402 return PL_laststatval;
1404 SV* const sv = TOPs;
1407 if ((gv = MAYBE_DEREF_GV_flags(sv,flags))) {
1410 else if (SvROK(sv) && SvTYPE(SvRV(sv)) == SVt_PVIO) {
1411 io = MUTABLE_IO(SvRV(sv));
1413 goto do_fstat_have_io;
1416 s = SvPV_flags_const(sv, len, flags);
1418 sv_setpvn(PL_statname, s, len);
1419 s = SvPVX_const(PL_statname); /* s now NUL-terminated */
1420 PL_laststype = OP_STAT;
1421 PL_laststatval = PerlLIO_stat(s, &PL_statcache);
1422 if (PL_laststatval < 0 && ckWARN(WARN_NEWLINE) && should_warn_nl(s)) {
1423 GCC_DIAG_IGNORE(-Wformat-nonliteral); /* PL_warn_nl is constant */
1424 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_NEWLINE), PL_warn_nl, "stat");
1427 return PL_laststatval;
1433 Perl_my_lstat_flags(pTHX_ const U32 flags)
1435 static const char* const no_prev_lstat = "The stat preceding -l _ wasn't an lstat";
1438 SV* const sv = TOPs;
1440 if (PL_op->op_flags & OPf_REF) {
1441 if (cGVOP_gv == PL_defgv) {
1442 if (PL_laststype != OP_LSTAT)
1443 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s", no_prev_lstat);
1444 return PL_laststatval;
1446 PL_laststatval = -1;
1447 if (ckWARN(WARN_IO)) {
1448 /* diag_listed_as: Use of -l on filehandle%s */
1449 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_IO),
1450 "Use of -l on filehandle %"HEKf,
1451 HEKfARG(GvENAME_HEK(cGVOP_gv)));
1455 if ((PL_op->op_private & (OPpFT_STACKED|OPpFT_AFTER_t))
1457 if (PL_laststype != OP_LSTAT)
1458 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s", no_prev_lstat);
1459 return PL_laststatval;
1462 PL_laststype = OP_LSTAT;
1464 if ( ( (SvROK(sv) && ( isGV_with_GP(SvRV(sv))
1465 || (isio = SvTYPE(SvRV(sv)) == SVt_PVIO) )
1469 && ckWARN(WARN_IO)) {
1471 /* diag_listed_as: Use of -l on filehandle%s */
1472 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_IO),
1473 "Use of -l on filehandle");
1475 /* diag_listed_as: Use of -l on filehandle%s */
1476 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_IO),
1477 "Use of -l on filehandle %"HEKf,
1478 HEKfARG(GvENAME_HEK((const GV *)
1479 (SvROK(sv) ? SvRV(sv) : sv))));
1481 file = SvPV_flags_const_nolen(sv, flags);
1482 sv_setpv(PL_statname,file);
1483 PL_laststatval = PerlLIO_lstat(file,&PL_statcache);
1484 if (PL_laststatval < 0 && ckWARN(WARN_NEWLINE) && should_warn_nl(file)) {
1485 GCC_DIAG_IGNORE(-Wformat-nonliteral); /* PL_warn_nl is constant */
1486 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_NEWLINE), PL_warn_nl, "lstat");
1489 return PL_laststatval;
1493 S_exec_failed(pTHX_ const char *cmd, int fd, int do_report)
1495 const int e = errno;
1496 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_EXEC_FAILED;
1497 if (ckWARN(WARN_EXEC))
1498 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_EXEC), "Can't exec \"%s\": %s",
1501 /* XXX silently ignore failures */
1502 PERL_UNUSED_RESULT(PerlLIO_write(fd, (void*)&e, sizeof(int)));
1508 Perl_do_aexec5(pTHX_ SV *really, SV **mark, SV **sp,
1509 int fd, int do_report)
1512 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_DO_AEXEC5;
1513 #if defined(__SYMBIAN32__) || defined(__LIBCATAMOUNT__)
1514 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "exec? I'm not *that* kind of operating system");
1518 const char *tmps = NULL;
1519 Newx(PL_Argv, sp - mark + 1, const char*);
1522 while (++mark <= sp) {
1524 *a++ = SvPV_nolen_const(*mark);
1530 tmps = SvPV_nolen_const(really);
1531 if ((!really && *PL_Argv[0] != '/') ||
1532 (really && *tmps != '/')) /* will execvp use PATH? */
1533 TAINT_ENV(); /* testing IFS here is overkill, probably */
1535 if (really && *tmps)
1536 PerlProc_execvp(tmps,EXEC_ARGV_CAST(PL_Argv));
1538 PerlProc_execvp(PL_Argv[0],EXEC_ARGV_CAST(PL_Argv));
1540 S_exec_failed(aTHX_ (really ? tmps : PL_Argv[0]), fd, do_report);
1548 Perl_do_execfree(pTHX)
1556 #ifdef PERL_DEFAULT_DO_EXEC3_IMPLEMENTATION
1559 Perl_do_exec3(pTHX_ const char *incmd, int fd, int do_report)
1566 /* Make a copy so we can change it */
1567 const Size_t cmdlen = strlen(incmd) + 1;
1569 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_DO_EXEC3;
1571 Newx(buf, cmdlen, char);
1573 memcpy(cmd, incmd, cmdlen);
1575 while (*cmd && isSPACE(*cmd))
1578 /* save an extra exec if possible */
1582 char flags[PERL_FLAGS_MAX];
1583 if (strnEQ(cmd,PL_cshname,PL_cshlen) &&
1584 strnEQ(cmd+PL_cshlen," -c",3)) {
1585 my_strlcpy(flags, "-c", PERL_FLAGS_MAX);
1586 s = cmd+PL_cshlen+3;
1589 my_strlcat(flags, "f", PERL_FLAGS_MAX - 2);
1594 char * const ncmd = s;
1600 if (s[-1] == '\'') {
1603 PerlProc_execl(PL_cshname, "csh", flags, ncmd, (char*)NULL);
1606 S_exec_failed(aTHX_ PL_cshname, fd, do_report);
1615 /* see if there are shell metacharacters in it */
1617 if (*cmd == '.' && isSPACE(cmd[1]))
1620 if (strnEQ(cmd,"exec",4) && isSPACE(cmd[4]))
1624 while (isWORDCHAR(*s))
1625 s++; /* catch VAR=val gizmo */
1629 for (s = cmd; *s; s++) {
1630 if (*s != ' ' && !isALPHA(*s) &&
1631 strchr("$&*(){}[]'\";\\|?<>~`\n",*s)) {
1632 if (*s == '\n' && !s[1]) {
1636 /* handle the 2>&1 construct at the end */
1637 if (*s == '>' && s[1] == '&' && s[2] == '1'
1638 && s > cmd + 1 && s[-1] == '2' && isSPACE(s[-2])
1639 && (!s[3] || isSPACE(s[3])))
1641 const char *t = s + 3;
1643 while (*t && isSPACE(*t))
1645 if (!*t && (PerlLIO_dup2(1,2) != -1)) {
1652 PerlProc_execl(PL_sh_path, "sh", "-c", cmd, (char *)NULL);
1654 S_exec_failed(aTHX_ PL_sh_path, fd, do_report);
1660 Newx(PL_Argv, (s - cmd) / 2 + 2, const char*);
1661 PL_Cmd = savepvn(cmd, s-cmd);
1663 for (s = PL_Cmd; *s;) {
1668 while (*s && !isSPACE(*s))
1676 PerlProc_execvp(PL_Argv[0],EXEC_ARGV_CAST(PL_Argv));
1678 if (errno == ENOEXEC) { /* for system V NIH syndrome */
1682 S_exec_failed(aTHX_ PL_Argv[0], fd, do_report);
1689 #endif /* OS2 || WIN32 */
1692 #include <starlet.h> /* for sys$delprc */
1696 Perl_apply(pTHX_ I32 type, SV **mark, SV **sp)
1700 const char *const what = PL_op_name[type];
1703 SV ** const oldmark = mark;
1704 bool killgp = FALSE;
1706 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_APPLY;
1708 PERL_UNUSED_VAR(what); /* may not be used depending on compile options */
1710 /* Doing this ahead of the switch statement preserves the old behaviour,
1711 where attempting to use kill as a taint test test would fail on
1712 platforms where kill was not defined. */
1714 if (type == OP_KILL)
1715 Perl_die(aTHX_ PL_no_func, what);
1718 if (type == OP_CHOWN)
1719 Perl_die(aTHX_ PL_no_func, what);
1723 #define APPLY_TAINT_PROPER() \
1725 if (TAINT_get) { TAINT_PROPER(what); } \
1728 /* This is a first heuristic; it doesn't catch tainting magic. */
1730 while (++mark <= sp) {
1731 if (SvTAINTED(*mark)) {
1740 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1743 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1745 while (++mark <= sp) {
1747 if ((gv = MAYBE_DEREF_GV(*mark))) {
1748 if (GvIO(gv) && IoIFP(GvIOp(gv))) {
1750 int fd = PerlIO_fileno(IoIFP(GvIOn(gv)));
1751 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1753 SETERRNO(EBADF,RMS_IFI);
1755 } else if (fchmod(fd, val))
1758 Perl_die(aTHX_ PL_no_func, "fchmod");
1766 const char *name = SvPV_nomg_const(*mark, len);
1767 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1768 if (!IS_SAFE_PATHNAME(name, len, "chmod") ||
1769 PerlLIO_chmod(name, val)) {
1778 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1779 if (sp - mark > 2) {
1781 val = SvIVx(*++mark);
1782 val2 = SvIVx(*++mark);
1783 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1785 while (++mark <= sp) {
1787 if ((gv = MAYBE_DEREF_GV(*mark))) {
1788 if (GvIO(gv) && IoIFP(GvIOp(gv))) {
1790 int fd = PerlIO_fileno(IoIFP(GvIOn(gv)));
1791 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1793 SETERRNO(EBADF,RMS_IFI);
1795 } else if (fchown(fd, val, val2))
1798 Perl_die(aTHX_ PL_no_func, "fchown");
1806 const char *name = SvPV_nomg_const(*mark, len);
1807 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1808 if (!IS_SAFE_PATHNAME(name, len, "chown") ||
1809 PerlLIO_chown(name, val, val2)) {
1818 XXX Should we make lchown() directly available from perl?
1819 For now, we'll let Configure test for HAS_LCHOWN, but do
1820 nothing in the core.
1825 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1828 s = SvPVx_const(*++mark, len);
1829 if (*s == '-' && isALPHA(s[1]))
1836 if (*s == 'S' && s[1] == 'I' && s[2] == 'G') {
1840 if ((val = whichsig_pvn(s, len)) < 0)
1841 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Unrecognized signal name \"%"SVf"\"", SVfARG(*mark));
1852 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1855 /* kill() doesn't do process groups (job trees?) under VMS */
1856 if (val == SIGKILL) {
1857 /* Use native sys$delprc() to insure that target process is
1858 * deleted; supervisor-mode images don't pay attention to
1859 * CRTL's emulation of Unix-style signals and kill()
1861 while (++mark <= sp) {
1863 unsigned long int __vmssts;
1865 if (!(SvIOK(*mark) || SvNOK(*mark) || looks_like_number(*mark)))
1866 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't kill a non-numeric process ID");
1867 proc = SvIV_nomg(*mark);
1868 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1869 if (!((__vmssts = sys$delprc(&proc,0)) & 1)) {
1873 case SS$_NOSUCHNODE:
1874 SETERRNO(ESRCH,__vmssts);
1877 SETERRNO(EPERM,__vmssts);
1880 SETERRNO(EVMSERR,__vmssts);
1888 while (++mark <= sp) {
1891 if (!(SvNIOK(*mark) || looks_like_number(*mark)))
1892 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't kill a non-numeric process ID");
1893 proc = SvIV_nomg(*mark);
1894 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1896 /* use killpg in preference, as the killpg() wrapper for Win32
1897 * understands process groups, but the kill() wrapper doesn't */
1898 if (killgp ? PerlProc_killpg(proc, val)
1899 : PerlProc_kill(proc, val))
1901 if (PerlProc_kill(killgp ? -proc: proc, val))
1909 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1911 while (++mark <= sp) {
1912 s = SvPV_const(*mark, len);
1913 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1914 if (!IS_SAFE_PATHNAME(s, len, "unlink")) {
1917 else if (PL_unsafe) {
1921 else { /* don't let root wipe out directories without -U */
1922 if (PerlLIO_lstat(s,&PL_statbuf) < 0)
1924 else if (S_ISDIR(PL_statbuf.st_mode)) {
1926 SETERRNO(EISDIR, SS_NOPRIV);
1935 #if defined(HAS_UTIME) || defined(HAS_FUTIMES)
1937 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1938 if (sp - mark > 2) {
1939 #if defined(HAS_FUTIMES)
1940 struct timeval utbuf[2];
1941 void *utbufp = utbuf;
1942 #elif defined(I_UTIME) || defined(VMS)
1943 struct utimbuf utbuf;
1944 struct utimbuf *utbufp = &utbuf;
1950 void *utbufp = &utbuf;
1953 SV* const accessed = *++mark;
1954 SV* const modified = *++mark;
1956 /* Be like C, and if both times are undefined, let the C
1957 * library figure out what to do. This usually means
1958 * "current time". */
1960 if ( accessed == &PL_sv_undef && modified == &PL_sv_undef )
1963 Zero(&utbuf, sizeof utbuf, char);
1965 utbuf[0].tv_sec = (long)SvIV(accessed); /* time accessed */
1966 utbuf[0].tv_usec = 0;
1967 utbuf[1].tv_sec = (long)SvIV(modified); /* time modified */
1968 utbuf[1].tv_usec = 0;
1969 #elif defined(BIG_TIME)
1970 utbuf.actime = (Time_t)SvNV(accessed); /* time accessed */
1971 utbuf.modtime = (Time_t)SvNV(modified); /* time modified */
1973 utbuf.actime = (Time_t)SvIV(accessed); /* time accessed */
1974 utbuf.modtime = (Time_t)SvIV(modified); /* time modified */
1977 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1979 while (++mark <= sp) {
1981 if ((gv = MAYBE_DEREF_GV(*mark))) {
1982 if (GvIO(gv) && IoIFP(GvIOp(gv))) {
1984 int fd = PerlIO_fileno(IoIFP(GvIOn(gv)));
1985 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1987 SETERRNO(EBADF,RMS_IFI);
1989 } else if (futimes(fd, (struct timeval *) utbufp))
1992 Perl_die(aTHX_ PL_no_func, "futimes");
2000 const char * const name = SvPV_nomg_const(*mark, len);
2001 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
2002 if (!IS_SAFE_PATHNAME(name, len, "utime")) {
2007 if (utimes(name, (struct timeval *)utbufp))
2009 if (PerlLIO_utime(name, utbufp))
2023 #undef APPLY_TAINT_PROPER
2026 /* Do the permissions allow some operation? Assumes statcache already set. */
2027 #ifndef VMS /* VMS' cando is in vms.c */
2029 Perl_cando(pTHX_ Mode_t mode, bool effective, const Stat_t *statbufp)
2030 /* effective is a flag, true for EUID, or for checking if the effective gid
2031 * is in the list of groups returned from getgroups().
2034 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CANDO;
2035 PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
2038 /* [Comments and code from Len Reed]
2039 * MS-DOS "user" is similar to UNIX's "superuser," but can't write
2040 * to write-protected files. The execute permission bit is set
2041 * by the Microsoft C library stat() function for the following:
2046 * All files and directories are readable.
2047 * Directories and special files, e.g. "CON", cannot be
2049 * [Comment by Tom Dinger -- a directory can have the write-protect
2050 * bit set in the file system, but DOS permits changes to
2051 * the directory anyway. In addition, all bets are off
2052 * here for networked software, such as Novell and
2056 /* Atari stat() does pretty much the same thing. we set x_bit_set_in_stat
2057 * too so it will actually look into the files for magic numbers
2059 return (mode & statbufp->st_mode) ? TRUE : FALSE;
2061 #else /* ! DOSISH */
2063 if (ingroup(544,effective)) { /* member of Administrators */
2065 if ((effective ? PerlProc_geteuid() : PerlProc_getuid()) == 0) { /* root is special */
2067 if (mode == S_IXUSR) {
2068 if (statbufp->st_mode & 0111 || S_ISDIR(statbufp->st_mode))
2072 return TRUE; /* root reads and writes anything */
2075 if (statbufp->st_uid == (effective ? PerlProc_geteuid() : PerlProc_getuid()) ) {
2076 if (statbufp->st_mode & mode)
2077 return TRUE; /* ok as "user" */
2079 else if (ingroup(statbufp->st_gid,effective)) {
2080 if (statbufp->st_mode & mode >> 3)
2081 return TRUE; /* ok as "group" */
2083 else if (statbufp->st_mode & mode >> 6)
2084 return TRUE; /* ok as "other" */
2086 #endif /* ! DOSISH */
2091 S_ingroup(pTHX_ Gid_t testgid, bool effective)
2093 #ifndef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
2094 /* PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS like Win32: getegid() etc. require the context. */
2095 PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
2097 if (testgid == (effective ? PerlProc_getegid() : PerlProc_getgid()))
2099 #ifdef HAS_GETGROUPS
2101 Groups_t *gary = NULL;
2105 anum = getgroups(0, gary);
2107 Newx(gary, anum, Groups_t);
2108 anum = getgroups(anum, gary);
2110 if (gary[anum] == testgid) {
2124 #if defined(HAS_MSG) || defined(HAS_SEM) || defined(HAS_SHM)
2127 Perl_do_ipcget(pTHX_ I32 optype, SV **mark, SV **sp)
2129 const key_t key = (key_t)SvNVx(*++mark);
2130 SV *nsv = optype == OP_MSGGET ? NULL : *++mark;
2131 const I32 flags = SvIVx(*++mark);
2133 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_DO_IPCGET;
2134 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(sp);
2141 return msgget(key, flags);
2145 return semget(key, (int) SvIV(nsv), flags);
2149 return shmget(key, (size_t) SvUV(nsv), flags);
2151 #if !defined(HAS_MSG) || !defined(HAS_SEM) || !defined(HAS_SHM)
2153 /* diag_listed_as: msg%s not implemented */
2154 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s not implemented", PL_op_desc[optype]);
2157 return -1; /* should never happen */
2161 Perl_do_ipcctl(pTHX_ I32 optype, SV **mark, SV **sp)
2165 const I32 id = SvIVx(*++mark);
2167 const I32 n = (optype == OP_SEMCTL) ? SvIVx(*++mark) : 0;
2169 const I32 cmd = SvIVx(*++mark);
2170 SV * const astr = *++mark;
2171 STRLEN infosize = 0;
2172 I32 getinfo = (cmd == IPC_STAT);
2174 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_DO_IPCCTL;
2175 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(sp);
2181 if (cmd == IPC_STAT || cmd == IPC_SET)
2182 infosize = sizeof(struct msqid_ds);
2187 if (cmd == IPC_STAT || cmd == IPC_SET)
2188 infosize = sizeof(struct shmid_ds);
2194 if (cmd == IPC_STAT || cmd == IPC_SET)
2195 infosize = sizeof(struct semid_ds);
2196 else if (cmd == GETALL || cmd == SETALL)
2198 struct semid_ds semds;
2200 #ifdef EXTRA_F_IN_SEMUN_BUF
2201 semun.buff = &semds;
2205 getinfo = (cmd == GETALL);
2206 if (Semctl(id, 0, IPC_STAT, semun) == -1)
2208 infosize = semds.sem_nsems * sizeof(short);
2209 /* "short" is technically wrong but much more portable
2210 than guessing about u_?short(_t)? */
2213 /* diag_listed_as: sem%s not implemented */
2214 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s not implemented", PL_op_desc[optype]);
2218 #if !defined(HAS_MSG) || !defined(HAS_SEM) || !defined(HAS_SHM)
2220 /* diag_listed_as: shm%s not implemented */
2221 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s not implemented", PL_op_desc[optype]);
2229 SvPV_force_nolen(astr);
2230 a = SvGROW(astr, infosize+1);
2235 a = SvPV(astr, len);
2236 if (len != infosize)
2237 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad arg length for %s, is %lu, should be %ld",
2245 const IV i = SvIV(astr);
2246 a = INT2PTR(char *,i); /* ouch */
2253 ret = msgctl(id, cmd, (struct msqid_ds *)a);
2259 union semun unsemds;
2262 unsemds.val = PTR2nat(a);
2265 #ifdef EXTRA_F_IN_SEMUN_BUF
2266 unsemds.buff = (struct semid_ds *)a;
2268 unsemds.buf = (struct semid_ds *)a;
2271 ret = Semctl(id, n, cmd, unsemds);
2273 /* diag_listed_as: sem%s not implemented */
2274 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s not implemented", PL_op_desc[optype]);
2281 ret = shmctl(id, cmd, (struct shmid_ds *)a);
2285 if (getinfo && ret >= 0) {
2286 SvCUR_set(astr, infosize);
2287 *SvEND(astr) = '\0';
2294 Perl_do_msgsnd(pTHX_ SV **mark, SV **sp)
2298 const I32 id = SvIVx(*++mark);
2299 SV * const mstr = *++mark;
2300 const I32 flags = SvIVx(*++mark);
2301 const char * const mbuf = SvPV_const(mstr, len);
2302 const I32 msize = len - sizeof(long);
2304 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_DO_MSGSND;
2305 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(sp);
2308 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Arg too short for msgsnd");
2310 return msgsnd(id, (struct msgbuf *)mbuf, msize, flags);
2312 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(sp);
2313 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(mark);
2314 /* diag_listed_as: msg%s not implemented */
2315 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "msgsnd not implemented");
2321 Perl_do_msgrcv(pTHX_ SV **mark, SV **sp)
2326 I32 msize, flags, ret;
2327 const I32 id = SvIVx(*++mark);
2328 SV * const mstr = *++mark;
2330 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_DO_MSGRCV;
2331 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(sp);
2333 /* suppress warning when reading into undef var --jhi */
2335 sv_setpvs(mstr, "");
2336 msize = SvIVx(*++mark);
2337 mtype = (long)SvIVx(*++mark);
2338 flags = SvIVx(*++mark);
2339 SvPV_force_nolen(mstr);
2340 mbuf = SvGROW(mstr, sizeof(long)+msize+1);
2343 ret = msgrcv(id, (struct msgbuf *)mbuf, msize, mtype, flags);
2345 SvCUR_set(mstr, sizeof(long)+ret);
2346 *SvEND(mstr) = '\0';
2347 /* who knows who has been playing with this message? */
2352 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(sp);
2353 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(mark);
2354 /* diag_listed_as: msg%s not implemented */
2355 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "msgrcv not implemented");
2361 Perl_do_semop(pTHX_ SV **mark, SV **sp)
2365 const I32 id = SvIVx(*++mark);
2366 SV * const opstr = *++mark;
2367 const char * const opbuf = SvPV_const(opstr, opsize);
2369 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_DO_SEMOP;
2370 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(sp);
2372 if (opsize < 3 * SHORTSIZE
2373 || (opsize % (3 * SHORTSIZE))) {
2374 SETERRNO(EINVAL,LIB_INVARG);
2378 /* We can't assume that sizeof(struct sembuf) == 3 * sizeof(short). */
2380 const int nsops = opsize / (3 * sizeof (short));
2382 short * const ops = (short *) opbuf;
2384 struct sembuf *temps, *t;
2387 Newx (temps, nsops, struct sembuf);
2395 result = semop(id, temps, nsops);
2400 /* diag_listed_as: sem%s not implemented */
2401 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "semop not implemented");
2406 Perl_do_shmio(pTHX_ I32 optype, SV **mark, SV **sp)
2410 struct shmid_ds shmds;
2411 const I32 id = SvIVx(*++mark);
2412 SV * const mstr = *++mark;
2413 const I32 mpos = SvIVx(*++mark);
2414 const I32 msize = SvIVx(*++mark);
2416 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_DO_SHMIO;
2417 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(sp);
2420 if (shmctl(id, IPC_STAT, &shmds) == -1)
2422 if (mpos < 0 || msize < 0
2423 || (size_t)mpos + msize > (size_t)shmds.shm_segsz) {
2424 SETERRNO(EFAULT,SS_ACCVIO); /* can't do as caller requested */
2427 shm = (char *)shmat(id, NULL, (optype == OP_SHMREAD) ? SHM_RDONLY : 0);
2428 if (shm == (char *)-1) /* I hate System V IPC, I really do */
2430 if (optype == OP_SHMREAD) {
2432 /* suppress warning when reading into undef var (tchrist 3/Mar/00) */
2434 SvUPGRADE(mstr, SVt_PV);
2436 sv_setpvs(mstr, "");
2438 mbuf = SvGROW(mstr, (STRLEN)msize+1);
2440 Copy(shm + mpos, mbuf, msize, char);
2441 SvCUR_set(mstr, msize);
2442 *SvEND(mstr) = '\0';
2444 /* who knows who has been playing with this shared memory? */
2450 const char *mbuf = SvPV_const(mstr, len);
2451 const I32 n = ((I32)len > msize) ? msize : (I32)len;
2452 Copy(mbuf, shm + mpos, n, char);
2454 memzero(shm + mpos + n, msize - n);
2458 /* diag_listed_as: shm%s not implemented */
2459 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "shm I/O not implemented");
2464 #endif /* SYSV IPC */
2469 =for apidoc start_glob
2471 Function called by C<do_readline> to spawn a glob (or do the glob inside
2472 perl on VMS). This code used to be inline, but now perl uses C<File::Glob>
2473 this glob starter is only used by miniperl during the build process.
2474 Moving it away shrinks pp_hot.c; shrinking pp_hot.c helps speed perl up.
2480 Perl_start_glob (pTHX_ SV *tmpglob, IO *io)
2482 SV * const tmpcmd = newSV(0);
2485 const char *s = SvPV(tmpglob, len);
2487 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_START_GLOB;
2489 if (!IS_SAFE_SYSCALL(s, len, "pattern", "glob"))
2494 #ifdef VMS /* expand the wildcards right here, rather than opening a pipe, */
2495 /* since spawning off a process is a real performance hit */
2502 fp = Perl_vms_start_glob(aTHX_ tmpglob, io);
2507 sv_setpv(tmpcmd, "for a in ");
2508 sv_catsv(tmpcmd, tmpglob);
2509 sv_catpv(tmpcmd, "; do echo \"$a\\0\\c\"; done |");
2512 sv_setpv(tmpcmd, "/dev/dosglob/"); /* File System Extension */
2513 sv_catsv(tmpcmd, tmpglob);
2515 sv_setpv(tmpcmd, "perlglob ");
2516 sv_catsv(tmpcmd, tmpglob);
2517 sv_catpv(tmpcmd, " |");
2522 sv_setpvn(tmpcmd, PL_cshname, PL_cshlen);
2523 sv_catpv(tmpcmd, " -cf 'set nonomatch; glob ");
2524 sv_catsv(tmpcmd, tmpglob);
2525 sv_catpv(tmpcmd, "' 2>/dev/null |");
2527 sv_setpv(tmpcmd, "echo ");
2528 sv_catsv(tmpcmd, tmpglob);
2529 sv_catpv(tmpcmd, "|tr -s ' \t\f\r' '\\n\\n\\n\\n'|");
2531 #endif /* !DOSISH */
2533 GV * const envgv = gv_fetchpvs("ENV", 0, SVt_PVHV);
2534 SV ** const home = hv_fetchs(GvHV(envgv), "HOME", 0);
2535 SV ** const path = hv_fetchs(GvHV(envgv), "PATH", 0);
2536 if (home && *home) SvGETMAGIC(*home);
2537 if (path && *path) SvGETMAGIC(*path);
2538 save_hash(gv_fetchpvs("ENV", 0, SVt_PVHV));
2539 if (home && *home) SvSETMAGIC(*home);
2540 if (path && *path) SvSETMAGIC(*path);
2542 (void)do_open6(PL_last_in_gv, SvPVX_const(tmpcmd), SvCUR(tmpcmd),
2548 if (!fp && ckWARN(WARN_GLOB)) {
2549 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_GLOB), "glob failed (can't start child: %s)",
2558 * c-indentation-style: bsd
2560 * indent-tabs-mode: nil
2563 * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 et: