3 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000,
4 * 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008 by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * He still hopefully carried some of his gear in his pack: a small tinder-box,
13 * two small shallow pans, the smaller fitting into the larger; inside them a
14 * wooden spoon, a short two-pronged fork and some skewers were stowed; and
15 * hidden at the bottom of the pack in a flat wooden box a dwindling treasure,
18 * [p.653 of _The Lord of the Rings_, IV/iv: "Of Herbs and Stewed Rabbit"]
21 /* This file contains pp ("push/pop") functions that
22 * execute the opcodes that make up a perl program. A typical pp function
23 * expects to find its arguments on the stack, and usually pushes its
24 * results onto the stack, hence the 'pp' terminology. Each OP structure
25 * contains a pointer to the relevant pp_foo() function.
27 * This particular file just contains pp_pack() and pp_unpack(). See the
28 * other pp*.c files for the rest of the pp_ functions.
32 #define PERL_IN_PP_PACK_C
35 /* Types used by pack/unpack */
37 e_no_len, /* no length */
38 e_number, /* number, [] */
42 typedef struct tempsym {
43 const char* patptr; /* current template char */
44 const char* patend; /* one after last char */
45 const char* grpbeg; /* 1st char of ()-group */
46 const char* grpend; /* end of ()-group */
47 I32 code; /* template code (!<>) */
48 I32 length; /* length/repeat count */
49 howlen_t howlen; /* how length is given */
50 int level; /* () nesting level */
51 U32 flags; /* /=4, comma=2, pack=1 */
52 /* and group modifiers */
53 STRLEN strbeg; /* offset of group start */
54 struct tempsym *previous; /* previous group */
57 #define TEMPSYM_INIT(symptr, p, e, f) \
59 (symptr)->patptr = (p); \
60 (symptr)->patend = (e); \
61 (symptr)->grpbeg = NULL; \
62 (symptr)->grpend = NULL; \
63 (symptr)->grpend = NULL; \
65 (symptr)->length = 0; \
66 (symptr)->howlen = e_no_len; \
67 (symptr)->level = 0; \
68 (symptr)->flags = (f); \
69 (symptr)->strbeg = 0; \
70 (symptr)->previous = NULL; \
78 #if defined(HAS_LONG_DOUBLE) && defined(USE_LONG_DOUBLE)
81 U8 bytes[sizeof(long double)];
88 /* Maximum number of bytes to which a byte can grow due to upgrade */
92 * Offset for integer pack/unpack.
94 * On architectures where I16 and I32 aren't really 16 and 32 bits,
95 * which for now are all Crays, pack and unpack have to play games.
99 * These values are required for portability of pack() output.
100 * If they're not right on your machine, then pack() and unpack()
101 * wouldn't work right anyway; you'll need to apply the Cray hack.
102 * (I'd like to check them with #if, but you can't use sizeof() in
103 * the preprocessor.) --???
106 The appropriate SHORTSIZE, INTSIZE, LONGSIZE, and LONGLONGSIZE
107 defines are now in config.h. --Andy Dougherty April 1998
112 /* CROSSCOMPILE and MULTIARCH are going to affect pp_pack() and pp_unpack().
115 #if U16SIZE > SIZE16 || U32SIZE > SIZE32
116 # if BYTEORDER == 0x1234 || BYTEORDER == 0x12345678 /* little-endian */
117 # define OFF16(p) ((char*)(p))
118 # define OFF32(p) ((char*)(p))
120 # if BYTEORDER == 0x4321 || BYTEORDER == 0x87654321 /* big-endian */
121 # define OFF16(p) ((char*)(p) + (sizeof(U16) - SIZE16))
122 # define OFF32(p) ((char*)(p) + (sizeof(U32) - SIZE32))
124 ++++ bad cray byte order
128 # define OFF16(p) ((char *) (p))
129 # define OFF32(p) ((char *) (p))
132 /* Only to be used inside a loop (see the break) */
133 #define SHIFT16(utf8, s, strend, p, datumtype) STMT_START { \
135 if (!uni_to_bytes(aTHX_ &(s), strend, OFF16(p), SIZE16, datumtype)) break; \
137 Copy(s, OFF16(p), SIZE16, char); \
142 /* Only to be used inside a loop (see the break) */
143 #define SHIFT32(utf8, s, strend, p, datumtype) STMT_START { \
145 if (!uni_to_bytes(aTHX_ &(s), strend, OFF32(p), SIZE32, datumtype)) break; \
147 Copy(s, OFF32(p), SIZE32, char); \
152 #define PUSH16(utf8, cur, p) PUSH_BYTES(utf8, cur, OFF16(p), SIZE16)
153 #define PUSH32(utf8, cur, p) PUSH_BYTES(utf8, cur, OFF32(p), SIZE32)
155 #if BYTEORDER == 0x4321 || BYTEORDER == 0x87654321 /* big-endian */
156 # define NEEDS_SWAP(d) (TYPE_ENDIANNESS(d) == TYPE_IS_LITTLE_ENDIAN)
157 #elif BYTEORDER == 0x1234 || BYTEORDER == 0x12345678 /* little-endian */
158 # define NEEDS_SWAP(d) (TYPE_ENDIANNESS(d) == TYPE_IS_BIG_ENDIAN)
160 # error "Unsupported byteorder"
161 /* Need to add code here to re-instate mixed endian support. */
164 /* Only to be used inside a loop (see the break) */
165 #define SHIFT_BYTES(utf8, s, strend, buf, len, datumtype) \
168 if (!uni_to_bytes(aTHX_ &s, strend, \
169 (char *) (buf), len, datumtype)) break; \
171 Copy(s, (char *) (buf), len, char); \
176 #define SHIFT_VAR(utf8, s, strend, var, datumtype) \
177 SHIFT_BYTES(utf8, s, strend, &(var), sizeof(var), datumtype)
179 #define PUSH_VAR(utf8, aptr, var) \
180 PUSH_BYTES(utf8, aptr, &(var), sizeof(var))
182 /* Avoid stack overflow due to pathological templates. 100 should be plenty. */
183 #define MAX_SUB_TEMPLATE_LEVEL 100
185 /* flags (note that type modifiers can also be used as flags!) */
186 #define FLAG_WAS_UTF8 0x40
187 #define FLAG_PARSE_UTF8 0x20 /* Parse as utf8 */
188 #define FLAG_UNPACK_ONLY_ONE 0x10
189 #define FLAG_DO_UTF8 0x08 /* The underlying string is utf8 */
190 #define FLAG_SLASH 0x04
191 #define FLAG_COMMA 0x02
192 #define FLAG_PACK 0x01
195 S_mul128(pTHX_ SV *sv, U8 m)
198 char *s = SvPV(sv, len);
201 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_MUL128;
203 if (!strnEQ(s, "0000", 4)) { /* need to grow sv */
204 SV * const tmpNew = newSVpvs("0000000000");
206 sv_catsv(tmpNew, sv);
207 SvREFCNT_dec(sv); /* free old sv */
212 while (!*t) /* trailing '\0'? */
215 const U32 i = ((*t - '0') << 7) + m;
216 *(t--) = '0' + (char)(i % 10);
222 /* Explosives and implosives. */
224 #if 'I' == 73 && 'J' == 74
225 /* On an ASCII/ISO kind of system */
226 #define ISUUCHAR(ch) ((ch) >= ' ' && (ch) < 'a')
229 Some other sort of character set - use memchr() so we don't match
232 #define ISUUCHAR(ch) (memchr(PL_uuemap, (ch), sizeof(PL_uuemap)-1) || (ch) == ' ')
236 #define TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING 0x100
237 #define TYPE_IS_BIG_ENDIAN 0x200
238 #define TYPE_IS_LITTLE_ENDIAN 0x400
239 #define TYPE_IS_PACK 0x800
240 #define TYPE_ENDIANNESS_MASK (TYPE_IS_BIG_ENDIAN|TYPE_IS_LITTLE_ENDIAN)
241 #define TYPE_MODIFIERS(t) ((t) & ~0xFF)
242 #define TYPE_NO_MODIFIERS(t) ((t) & 0xFF)
244 # define TYPE_ENDIANNESS(t) ((t) & TYPE_ENDIANNESS_MASK)
245 # define TYPE_NO_ENDIANNESS(t) ((t) & ~TYPE_ENDIANNESS_MASK)
247 # define ENDIANNESS_ALLOWED_TYPES "sSiIlLqQjJfFdDpP("
249 # define DO_BO_UNPACK(var) \
252 my_swabn(&var, sizeof(var)); \
256 # define DO_BO_PACK(var) \
259 my_swabn(&var, sizeof(var)); \
263 #define PACK_SIZE_CANNOT_CSUM 0x80
264 #define PACK_SIZE_UNPREDICTABLE 0x40 /* Not a fixed size element */
265 #define PACK_SIZE_MASK 0x3F
267 #include "packsizetables.c"
270 uni_to_byte(pTHX_ const char **s, const char *end, I32 datumtype)
273 UV val = utf8n_to_uvchr((U8 *) *s, end-*s, &retlen,
274 ckWARN(WARN_UTF8) ? 0 : UTF8_ALLOW_ANY);
275 /* We try to process malformed UTF-8 as much as possible (preferably with
276 warnings), but these two mean we make no progress in the string and
277 might enter an infinite loop */
278 if (retlen == (STRLEN) -1 || retlen == 0)
279 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Malformed UTF-8 string in '%c' format in unpack",
280 (int) TYPE_NO_MODIFIERS(datumtype));
282 Perl_ck_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_UNPACK),
283 "Character in '%c' format wrapped in unpack",
284 (int) TYPE_NO_MODIFIERS(datumtype));
291 #define SHIFT_BYTE(utf8, s, strend, datumtype) ((utf8) ? \
292 uni_to_byte(aTHX_ &(s), (strend), (datumtype)) : \
296 uni_to_bytes(pTHX_ const char **s, const char *end, const char *buf, int buf_len, I32 datumtype)
300 const char *from = *s;
302 const U32 flags = ckWARN(WARN_UTF8) ?
303 UTF8_CHECK_ONLY : (UTF8_CHECK_ONLY | UTF8_ALLOW_ANY);
304 for (;buf_len > 0; buf_len--) {
305 if (from >= end) return FALSE;
306 val = utf8n_to_uvchr((U8 *) from, end-from, &retlen, flags);
307 if (retlen == (STRLEN) -1 || retlen == 0) {
308 from += UTF8SKIP(from);
310 } else from += retlen;
315 *(U8 *)buf++ = (U8)val;
317 /* We have enough characters for the buffer. Did we have problems ? */
320 /* Rewalk the string fragment while warning */
322 const int flags = ckWARN(WARN_UTF8) ? 0 : UTF8_ALLOW_ANY;
323 for (ptr = *s; ptr < from; ptr += UTF8SKIP(ptr)) {
324 if (ptr >= end) break;
325 utf8n_to_uvuni((U8 *) ptr, end-ptr, &retlen, flags);
327 if (from > end) from = end;
330 Perl_ck_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(datumtype & TYPE_IS_PACK ?
331 WARN_PACK : WARN_UNPACK),
332 "Character(s) in '%c' format wrapped in %s",
333 (int) TYPE_NO_MODIFIERS(datumtype),
334 datumtype & TYPE_IS_PACK ? "pack" : "unpack");
341 next_uni_uu(pTHX_ const char **s, const char *end, I32 *out)
345 const UV val = utf8n_to_uvchr((U8 *) *s, end-*s, &retlen, UTF8_CHECK_ONLY);
346 if (val >= 0x100 || !ISUUCHAR(val) ||
347 retlen == (STRLEN) -1 || retlen == 0) {
351 *out = PL_uudmap[val] & 077;
357 S_bytes_to_uni(const U8 *start, STRLEN len, char *dest) {
358 const U8 * const end = start + len;
360 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_BYTES_TO_UNI;
362 while (start < end) {
363 const UV uv = NATIVE_TO_ASCII(*start);
364 if (UNI_IS_INVARIANT(uv))
365 *dest++ = (char)(U8)UTF_TO_NATIVE(uv);
367 *dest++ = (char)(U8)UTF8_EIGHT_BIT_HI(uv);
368 *dest++ = (char)(U8)UTF8_EIGHT_BIT_LO(uv);
375 #define PUSH_BYTES(utf8, cur, buf, len) \
378 (cur) = bytes_to_uni((U8 *) buf, len, (cur)); \
380 Copy(buf, cur, len, char); \
385 #define GROWING(utf8, cat, start, cur, in_len) \
387 STRLEN glen = (in_len); \
388 if (utf8) glen *= UTF8_EXPAND; \
389 if ((cur) + glen >= (start) + SvLEN(cat)) { \
390 (start) = sv_exp_grow(cat, glen); \
391 (cur) = (start) + SvCUR(cat); \
395 #define PUSH_GROWING_BYTES(utf8, cat, start, cur, buf, in_len) \
397 const STRLEN glen = (in_len); \
399 if (utf8) gl *= UTF8_EXPAND; \
400 if ((cur) + gl >= (start) + SvLEN(cat)) { \
402 SvCUR_set((cat), (cur) - (start)); \
403 (start) = sv_exp_grow(cat, gl); \
404 (cur) = (start) + SvCUR(cat); \
406 PUSH_BYTES(utf8, cur, buf, glen); \
409 #define PUSH_BYTE(utf8, s, byte) \
412 const U8 au8 = (byte); \
413 (s) = bytes_to_uni(&au8, 1, (s)); \
414 } else *(U8 *)(s)++ = (byte); \
417 /* Only to be used inside a loop (see the break) */
418 #define NEXT_UNI_VAL(val, cur, str, end, utf8_flags) \
421 if (str >= end) break; \
422 val = utf8n_to_uvchr((U8 *) str, end-str, &retlen, utf8_flags); \
423 if (retlen == (STRLEN) -1 || retlen == 0) { \
425 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Malformed UTF-8 string in pack"); \
430 static const char *_action( const tempsym_t* symptr )
432 return (const char *)(( symptr->flags & FLAG_PACK ) ? "pack" : "unpack");
435 /* Returns the sizeof() struct described by pat */
437 S_measure_struct(pTHX_ tempsym_t* symptr)
441 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_MEASURE_STRUCT;
443 while (next_symbol(symptr)) {
447 switch (symptr->howlen) {
449 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Within []-length '*' not allowed in %s",
453 /* e_no_len and e_number */
454 len = symptr->length;
458 size = packprops[TYPE_NO_ENDIANNESS(symptr->code)] & PACK_SIZE_MASK;
461 /* endianness doesn't influence the size of a type */
462 switch(TYPE_NO_ENDIANNESS(symptr->code)) {
464 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Invalid type '%c' in %s",
465 (int)TYPE_NO_MODIFIERS(symptr->code),
467 case '.' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
468 case '@' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
472 case 'U': /* XXXX Is it correct? */
475 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Within []-length '%c' not allowed in %s",
476 (int) TYPE_NO_MODIFIERS(symptr->code),
483 tempsym_t savsym = *symptr;
484 symptr->patptr = savsym.grpbeg;
485 symptr->patend = savsym.grpend;
486 /* XXXX Theoretically, we need to measure many times at
487 different positions, since the subexpression may contain
488 alignment commands, but be not of aligned length.
489 Need to detect this and croak(). */
490 size = measure_struct(symptr);
494 case 'X' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
495 /* XXXX Is this useful? Then need to treat MEASURE_BACKWARDS.
497 if (!len) /* Avoid division by 0 */
499 len = total % len; /* Assumed: the start is aligned. */
504 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "'X' outside of string in %s", _action( symptr ) );
506 case 'x' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
507 if (!len) /* Avoid division by 0 */
509 star = total % len; /* Assumed: the start is aligned. */
510 if (star) /* Other portable ways? */
534 size = sizeof(char*);
544 /* locate matching closing parenthesis or bracket
545 * returns char pointer to char after match, or NULL
548 S_group_end(pTHX_ const char *patptr, const char *patend, char ender)
550 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GROUP_END;
552 while (patptr < patend) {
553 const char c = *patptr++;
560 while (patptr < patend && *patptr != '\n')
564 patptr = group_end(patptr, patend, ')') + 1;
566 patptr = group_end(patptr, patend, ']') + 1;
568 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No group ending character '%c' found in template",
574 /* Convert unsigned decimal number to binary.
575 * Expects a pointer to the first digit and address of length variable
576 * Advances char pointer to 1st non-digit char and returns number
579 S_get_num(pTHX_ const char *patptr, I32 *lenptr )
581 I32 len = *patptr++ - '0';
583 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GET_NUM;
585 while (isDIGIT(*patptr)) {
586 if (len >= 0x7FFFFFFF/10)
587 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "pack/unpack repeat count overflow");
588 len = (len * 10) + (*patptr++ - '0');
594 /* The marvellous template parsing routine: Using state stored in *symptr,
595 * locates next template code and count
598 S_next_symbol(pTHX_ tempsym_t* symptr )
600 const char* patptr = symptr->patptr;
601 const char* const patend = symptr->patend;
603 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEXT_SYMBOL;
605 symptr->flags &= ~FLAG_SLASH;
607 while (patptr < patend) {
608 if (isSPACE(*patptr))
610 else if (*patptr == '#') {
612 while (patptr < patend && *patptr != '\n')
617 /* We should have found a template code */
618 I32 code = *patptr++ & 0xFF;
619 U32 inherited_modifiers = 0;
621 if (code == ','){ /* grandfather in commas but with a warning */
622 if (((symptr->flags & FLAG_COMMA) == 0) && ckWARN(WARN_UNPACK)){
623 symptr->flags |= FLAG_COMMA;
624 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_UNPACK),
625 "Invalid type ',' in %s", _action( symptr ) );
630 /* for '(', skip to ')' */
632 if( isDIGIT(*patptr) || *patptr == '*' || *patptr == '[' )
633 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "()-group starts with a count in %s",
635 symptr->grpbeg = patptr;
636 patptr = 1 + ( symptr->grpend = group_end(patptr, patend, ')') );
637 if( symptr->level >= MAX_SUB_TEMPLATE_LEVEL )
638 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Too deeply nested ()-groups in %s",
642 /* look for group modifiers to inherit */
643 if (TYPE_ENDIANNESS(symptr->flags)) {
644 if (strchr(ENDIANNESS_ALLOWED_TYPES, TYPE_NO_MODIFIERS(code)))
645 inherited_modifiers |= TYPE_ENDIANNESS(symptr->flags);
648 /* look for modifiers */
649 while (patptr < patend) {
654 modifier = TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING;
655 allowed = "sSiIlLxXnNvV@.";
658 modifier = TYPE_IS_BIG_ENDIAN;
659 allowed = ENDIANNESS_ALLOWED_TYPES;
662 modifier = TYPE_IS_LITTLE_ENDIAN;
663 allowed = ENDIANNESS_ALLOWED_TYPES;
674 if (!strchr(allowed, TYPE_NO_MODIFIERS(code)))
675 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "'%c' allowed only after types %s in %s", *patptr,
676 allowed, _action( symptr ) );
678 if (TYPE_ENDIANNESS(code | modifier) == TYPE_ENDIANNESS_MASK)
679 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use both '<' and '>' after type '%c' in %s",
680 (int) TYPE_NO_MODIFIERS(code), _action( symptr ) );
681 else if (TYPE_ENDIANNESS(code | modifier | inherited_modifiers) ==
682 TYPE_ENDIANNESS_MASK)
683 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use '%c' in a group with different byte-order in %s",
684 *patptr, _action( symptr ) );
686 if ((code & modifier)) {
687 Perl_ck_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_UNPACK),
688 "Duplicate modifier '%c' after '%c' in %s",
689 *patptr, (int) TYPE_NO_MODIFIERS(code),
697 /* inherit modifiers */
698 code |= inherited_modifiers;
700 /* look for count and/or / */
701 if (patptr < patend) {
702 if (isDIGIT(*patptr)) {
703 patptr = get_num( patptr, &symptr->length );
704 symptr->howlen = e_number;
706 } else if (*patptr == '*') {
708 symptr->howlen = e_star;
710 } else if (*patptr == '[') {
711 const char* lenptr = ++patptr;
712 symptr->howlen = e_number;
713 patptr = group_end( patptr, patend, ']' ) + 1;
714 /* what kind of [] is it? */
715 if (isDIGIT(*lenptr)) {
716 lenptr = get_num( lenptr, &symptr->length );
718 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Malformed integer in [] in %s",
721 tempsym_t savsym = *symptr;
722 symptr->patend = patptr-1;
723 symptr->patptr = lenptr;
724 savsym.length = measure_struct(symptr);
728 symptr->howlen = e_no_len;
733 while (patptr < patend) {
734 if (isSPACE(*patptr))
736 else if (*patptr == '#') {
738 while (patptr < patend && *patptr != '\n')
743 if (*patptr == '/') {
744 symptr->flags |= FLAG_SLASH;
746 if (patptr < patend &&
747 (isDIGIT(*patptr) || *patptr == '*' || *patptr == '['))
748 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "'/' does not take a repeat count in %s",
755 /* at end - no count, no / */
756 symptr->howlen = e_no_len;
761 symptr->patptr = patptr;
765 symptr->patptr = patptr;
770 There is no way to cleanly handle the case where we should process the
771 string per byte in its upgraded form while it's really in downgraded form
772 (e.g. estimates like strend-s as an upper bound for the number of
773 characters left wouldn't work). So if we foresee the need of this
774 (pattern starts with U or contains U0), we want to work on the encoded
775 version of the string. Users are advised to upgrade their pack string
776 themselves if they need to do a lot of unpacks like this on it
779 need_utf8(const char *pat, const char *patend)
783 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEED_UTF8;
785 while (pat < patend) {
788 pat = (const char *) memchr(pat, '\n', patend-pat);
789 if (!pat) return FALSE;
790 } else if (pat[0] == 'U') {
791 if (first || pat[1] == '0') return TRUE;
792 } else first = FALSE;
799 first_symbol(const char *pat, const char *patend) {
800 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_FIRST_SYMBOL;
802 while (pat < patend) {
803 if (pat[0] != '#') return pat[0];
805 pat = (const char *) memchr(pat, '\n', patend-pat);
813 =for apidoc unpackstring
815 The engine implementing the unpack() Perl function.
817 Using the template pat..patend, this function unpacks the string
818 s..strend into a number of mortal SVs, which it pushes onto the perl
819 argument (@_) stack (so you will need to issue a C<PUTBACK> before and
820 C<SPAGAIN> after the call to this function). It returns the number of
823 The strend and patend pointers should point to the byte following the last
824 character of each string.
826 Although this function returns its values on the perl argument stack, it
827 doesn't take any parameters from that stack (and thus in particular
828 there's no need to do a PUSHMARK before calling it, unlike L</call_pv> for
834 Perl_unpackstring(pTHX_ const char *pat, const char *patend, const char *s, const char *strend, U32 flags)
838 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_UNPACKSTRING;
840 if (flags & FLAG_DO_UTF8) flags |= FLAG_WAS_UTF8;
841 else if (need_utf8(pat, patend)) {
842 /* We probably should try to avoid this in case a scalar context call
843 wouldn't get to the "U0" */
844 STRLEN len = strend - s;
845 s = (char *) bytes_to_utf8((U8 *) s, &len);
848 flags |= FLAG_DO_UTF8;
851 if (first_symbol(pat, patend) != 'U' && (flags & FLAG_DO_UTF8))
852 flags |= FLAG_PARSE_UTF8;
854 TEMPSYM_INIT(&sym, pat, patend, flags);
856 return unpack_rec(&sym, s, s, strend, NULL );
860 S_unpack_rec(pTHX_ tempsym_t* symptr, const char *s, const char *strbeg, const char *strend, const char **new_s )
864 const I32 start_sp_offset = SP - PL_stack_base;
869 const int bits_in_uv = CHAR_BIT * sizeof(cuv);
871 bool explicit_length;
872 const bool unpack_only_one = (symptr->flags & FLAG_UNPACK_ONLY_ONE) != 0;
873 bool utf8 = (symptr->flags & FLAG_PARSE_UTF8) ? 1 : 0;
875 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_UNPACK_REC;
877 symptr->strbeg = s - strbeg;
879 while (next_symbol(symptr)) {
882 I32 datumtype = symptr->code;
884 /* do first one only unless in list context
885 / is implemented by unpacking the count, then popping it from the
886 stack, so must check that we're not in the middle of a / */
888 && (SP - PL_stack_base == start_sp_offset + 1)
889 && (datumtype != '/') ) /* XXX can this be omitted */
892 switch (howlen = symptr->howlen) {
894 len = strend - strbeg; /* long enough */
897 /* e_no_len and e_number */
898 len = symptr->length;
902 explicit_length = TRUE;
904 beyond = s >= strend;
906 props = packprops[TYPE_NO_ENDIANNESS(datumtype)];
908 /* props nonzero means we can process this letter. */
909 const long size = props & PACK_SIZE_MASK;
910 const long howmany = (strend - s) / size;
914 if (!checksum || (props & PACK_SIZE_CANNOT_CSUM)) {
915 if (len && unpack_only_one) len = 1;
921 needs_swap = NEEDS_SWAP(datumtype);
923 switch(TYPE_NO_ENDIANNESS(datumtype)) {
925 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Invalid type '%c' in unpack", (int)TYPE_NO_MODIFIERS(datumtype) );
928 if (howlen == e_no_len)
929 len = 16; /* len is not specified */
937 tempsym_t savsym = *symptr;
938 const U32 group_modifiers = TYPE_MODIFIERS(datumtype & ~symptr->flags);
939 symptr->flags |= group_modifiers;
940 symptr->patend = savsym.grpend;
941 symptr->previous = &savsym;
944 if (len && unpack_only_one) len = 1;
946 symptr->patptr = savsym.grpbeg;
947 if (utf8) symptr->flags |= FLAG_PARSE_UTF8;
948 else symptr->flags &= ~FLAG_PARSE_UTF8;
949 unpack_rec(symptr, s, strbeg, strend, &s);
950 if (s == strend && savsym.howlen == e_star)
951 break; /* No way to continue */
954 savsym.flags = symptr->flags & ~group_modifiers;
958 case '.' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
962 const bool u8 = utf8 && !(datumtype & TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING);
963 if (howlen == e_star) from = strbeg;
964 else if (len <= 0) from = s;
966 tempsym_t *group = symptr;
968 while (--len && group) group = group->previous;
969 from = group ? strbeg + group->strbeg : strbeg;
972 newSVuv( u8 ? (UV) utf8_length((const U8*)from, (const U8*)s) : (UV) (s-from)) :
973 newSViv(-(u8 ? (IV) utf8_length((const U8*)s, (const U8*)from) : (IV) (from-s)));
977 case '@' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
979 s = strbeg + symptr->strbeg;
980 if (utf8 && !(datumtype & TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING))
984 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "'@' outside of string in unpack");
989 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "'@' outside of string with malformed UTF-8 in unpack");
992 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "'@' outside of string in unpack");
996 case 'X' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
997 if (!len) /* Avoid division by 0 */
1000 const char *hop, *last;
1002 hop = last = strbeg;
1004 hop += UTF8SKIP(hop);
1011 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Malformed UTF-8 string in unpack");
1015 len = (s - strbeg) % len;
1021 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "'X' outside of string in unpack");
1022 while (--s, UTF8_IS_CONTINUATION(*s)) {
1024 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "'X' outside of string in unpack");
1029 if (len > s - strbeg)
1030 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "'X' outside of string in unpack" );
1034 case 'x' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING: {
1036 if (!len) /* Avoid division by 0 */
1038 if (utf8) ai32 = utf8_length((U8 *) strbeg, (U8 *) s) % len;
1039 else ai32 = (s - strbeg) % len;
1040 if (ai32 == 0) break;
1048 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "'x' outside of string in unpack");
1053 if (len > strend - s)
1054 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "'x' outside of string in unpack");
1059 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "'/' must follow a numeric type in unpack");
1065 /* Preliminary length estimate is assumed done in 'W' */
1066 if (len > strend - s) len = strend - s;
1072 for (l=len, hop=s; l>0; l--, hop += UTF8SKIP(hop)) {
1073 if (hop >= strend) {
1075 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Malformed UTF-8 string in unpack");
1080 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Malformed UTF-8 string in unpack");
1082 } else if (len > strend - s)
1085 if (datumtype == 'Z') {
1086 /* 'Z' strips stuff after first null */
1087 const char *ptr, *end;
1089 for (ptr = s; ptr < end; ptr++) if (*ptr == 0) break;
1090 sv = newSVpvn(s, ptr-s);
1091 if (howlen == e_star) /* exact for 'Z*' */
1092 len = ptr-s + (ptr != strend ? 1 : 0);
1093 } else if (datumtype == 'A') {
1094 /* 'A' strips both nulls and spaces */
1096 if (utf8 && (symptr->flags & FLAG_WAS_UTF8)) {
1097 for (ptr = s+len-1; ptr >= s; ptr--)
1098 if (*ptr != 0 && !UTF8_IS_CONTINUATION(*ptr) &&
1099 !isSPACE_utf8(ptr)) break;
1100 if (ptr >= s) ptr += UTF8SKIP(ptr);
1103 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Malformed UTF-8 string in unpack");
1105 for (ptr = s+len-1; ptr >= s; ptr--)
1106 if (*ptr != 0 && !isSPACE(*ptr)) break;
1109 sv = newSVpvn(s, ptr-s);
1110 } else sv = newSVpvn(s, len);
1114 /* Undo any upgrade done due to need_utf8() */
1115 if (!(symptr->flags & FLAG_WAS_UTF8))
1116 sv_utf8_downgrade(sv, 0);
1124 if (howlen == e_star || len > (strend - s) * 8)
1125 len = (strend - s) * 8;
1128 while (len >= 8 && s < strend) {
1129 cuv += PL_bitcount[uni_to_byte(aTHX_ &s, strend, datumtype)];
1134 cuv += PL_bitcount[*(U8 *)s++];
1137 if (len && s < strend) {
1139 bits = SHIFT_BYTE(utf8, s, strend, datumtype);
1140 if (datumtype == 'b')
1142 if (bits & 1) cuv++;
1147 if (bits & 0x80) cuv++;
1154 sv = sv_2mortal(newSV(len ? len : 1));
1157 if (datumtype == 'b') {
1159 const I32 ai32 = len;
1160 for (len = 0; len < ai32; len++) {
1161 if (len & 7) bits >>= 1;
1163 if (s >= strend) break;
1164 bits = uni_to_byte(aTHX_ &s, strend, datumtype);
1165 } else bits = *(U8 *) s++;
1166 *str++ = bits & 1 ? '1' : '0';
1170 const I32 ai32 = len;
1171 for (len = 0; len < ai32; len++) {
1172 if (len & 7) bits <<= 1;
1174 if (s >= strend) break;
1175 bits = uni_to_byte(aTHX_ &s, strend, datumtype);
1176 } else bits = *(U8 *) s++;
1177 *str++ = bits & 0x80 ? '1' : '0';
1181 SvCUR_set(sv, str - SvPVX_const(sv));
1188 /* Preliminary length estimate, acceptable for utf8 too */
1189 if (howlen == e_star || len > (strend - s) * 2)
1190 len = (strend - s) * 2;
1192 sv = sv_2mortal(newSV(len ? len : 1));
1196 if (datumtype == 'h') {
1199 for (len = 0; len < ai32; len++) {
1200 if (len & 1) bits >>= 4;
1202 if (s >= strend) break;
1203 bits = uni_to_byte(aTHX_ &s, strend, datumtype);
1204 } else bits = * (U8 *) s++;
1206 *str++ = PL_hexdigit[bits & 15];
1210 const I32 ai32 = len;
1211 for (len = 0; len < ai32; len++) {
1212 if (len & 1) bits <<= 4;
1214 if (s >= strend) break;
1215 bits = uni_to_byte(aTHX_ &s, strend, datumtype);
1216 } else bits = *(U8 *) s++;
1218 *str++ = PL_hexdigit[(bits >> 4) & 15];
1223 SvCUR_set(sv, str - SvPVX_const(sv));
1230 if (explicit_length)
1231 /* Switch to "character" mode */
1232 utf8 = (symptr->flags & FLAG_DO_UTF8) ? 1 : 0;
1237 while (len-- > 0 && s < strend) {
1242 aint = utf8n_to_uvchr((U8 *) s, strend-s, &retlen,
1243 ckWARN(WARN_UTF8) ? 0 : UTF8_ALLOW_ANY);
1244 if (retlen == (STRLEN) -1 || retlen == 0)
1245 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Malformed UTF-8 string in unpack");
1249 aint = *(U8 *)(s)++;
1250 if (aint >= 128 && datumtype != 'C') /* fake up signed chars */
1254 else if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
1255 cdouble += (NV)aint;
1263 while (len-- > 0 && s < strend) {
1265 const UV val = utf8n_to_uvchr((U8 *) s, strend-s, &retlen,
1266 ckWARN(WARN_UTF8) ? 0 : UTF8_ALLOW_ANY);
1267 if (retlen == (STRLEN) -1 || retlen == 0)
1268 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Malformed UTF-8 string in unpack");
1272 else if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
1273 cdouble += (NV) val;
1277 } else if (!checksum)
1279 const U8 ch = *(U8 *) s++;
1282 else if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
1283 while (len-- > 0) cdouble += (NV) *(U8 *) s++;
1285 while (len-- > 0) cuv += *(U8 *) s++;
1289 if (explicit_length && howlen != e_star) {
1290 /* Switch to "bytes in UTF-8" mode */
1291 if (symptr->flags & FLAG_DO_UTF8) utf8 = 0;
1293 /* Should be impossible due to the need_utf8() test */
1294 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "U0 mode on a byte string");
1298 if (len > strend - s) len = strend - s;
1300 if (len && unpack_only_one) len = 1;
1304 while (len-- > 0 && s < strend) {
1308 U8 result[UTF8_MAXLEN];
1309 const char *ptr = s;
1311 /* Bug: warns about bad utf8 even if we are short on bytes
1312 and will break out of the loop */
1313 if (!uni_to_bytes(aTHX_ &ptr, strend, (char *) result, 1,
1316 len = UTF8SKIP(result);
1317 if (!uni_to_bytes(aTHX_ &ptr, strend,
1318 (char *) &result[1], len-1, 'U')) break;
1319 auv = utf8n_to_uvuni(result, len, &retlen, UTF8_ALLOW_DEFAULT);
1322 auv = utf8n_to_uvuni((U8*)s, strend - s, &retlen, UTF8_ALLOW_DEFAULT);
1323 if (retlen == (STRLEN) -1 || retlen == 0)
1324 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Malformed UTF-8 string in unpack");
1329 else if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
1330 cdouble += (NV) auv;
1335 case 's' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
1336 #if SHORTSIZE != SIZE16
1339 SHIFT_VAR(utf8, s, strend, ashort, datumtype);
1340 DO_BO_UNPACK(ashort);
1343 else if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
1344 cdouble += (NV)ashort;
1356 #if U16SIZE > SIZE16
1359 SHIFT16(utf8, s, strend, &ai16, datumtype);
1361 #if U16SIZE > SIZE16
1367 else if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
1368 cdouble += (NV)ai16;
1373 case 'S' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
1374 #if SHORTSIZE != SIZE16
1376 unsigned short aushort;
1377 SHIFT_VAR(utf8, s, strend, aushort, datumtype);
1378 DO_BO_UNPACK(aushort);
1381 else if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
1382 cdouble += (NV)aushort;
1395 #if U16SIZE > SIZE16
1398 SHIFT16(utf8, s, strend, &au16, datumtype);
1400 if (datumtype == 'n')
1401 au16 = PerlSock_ntohs(au16);
1402 if (datumtype == 'v')
1406 else if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
1407 cdouble += (NV) au16;
1412 case 'v' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
1413 case 'n' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
1416 # if U16SIZE > SIZE16
1419 SHIFT16(utf8, s, strend, &ai16, datumtype);
1421 /* There should never be any byte-swapping here. */
1422 assert(!TYPE_ENDIANNESS(datumtype));
1423 if (datumtype == ('n' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING))
1424 ai16 = (I16) PerlSock_ntohs((U16) ai16);
1425 if (datumtype == ('v' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING))
1426 ai16 = (I16) vtohs((U16) ai16);
1429 else if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
1430 cdouble += (NV) ai16;
1436 case 'i' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
1439 SHIFT_VAR(utf8, s, strend, aint, datumtype);
1443 else if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
1444 cdouble += (NV)aint;
1450 case 'I' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
1453 SHIFT_VAR(utf8, s, strend, auint, datumtype);
1454 DO_BO_UNPACK(auint);
1457 else if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
1458 cdouble += (NV)auint;
1466 SHIFT_VAR(utf8, s, strend, aiv, datumtype);
1470 else if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
1479 SHIFT_VAR(utf8, s, strend, auv, datumtype);
1483 else if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
1489 case 'l' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
1490 #if LONGSIZE != SIZE32
1493 SHIFT_VAR(utf8, s, strend, along, datumtype);
1494 DO_BO_UNPACK(along);
1497 else if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
1498 cdouble += (NV)along;
1509 #if U32SIZE > SIZE32
1512 SHIFT32(utf8, s, strend, &ai32, datumtype);
1514 #if U32SIZE > SIZE32
1515 if (ai32 > 2147483647) ai32 -= 4294967296;
1519 else if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
1520 cdouble += (NV)ai32;
1525 case 'L' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
1526 #if LONGSIZE != SIZE32
1528 unsigned long aulong;
1529 SHIFT_VAR(utf8, s, strend, aulong, datumtype);
1530 DO_BO_UNPACK(aulong);
1533 else if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
1534 cdouble += (NV)aulong;
1547 #if U32SIZE > SIZE32
1550 SHIFT32(utf8, s, strend, &au32, datumtype);
1552 if (datumtype == 'N')
1553 au32 = PerlSock_ntohl(au32);
1554 if (datumtype == 'V')
1558 else if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
1559 cdouble += (NV)au32;
1564 case 'V' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
1565 case 'N' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
1568 #if U32SIZE > SIZE32
1571 SHIFT32(utf8, s, strend, &ai32, datumtype);
1573 /* There should never be any byte swapping here. */
1574 assert(!TYPE_ENDIANNESS(datumtype));
1575 if (datumtype == ('N' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING))
1576 ai32 = (I32)PerlSock_ntohl((U32)ai32);
1577 if (datumtype == ('V' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING))
1578 ai32 = (I32)vtohl((U32)ai32);
1581 else if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
1582 cdouble += (NV)ai32;
1590 SHIFT_VAR(utf8, s, strend, aptr, datumtype);
1592 /* newSVpv generates undef if aptr is NULL */
1593 mPUSHs(newSVpv(aptr, 0));
1601 while (len > 0 && s < strend) {
1603 ch = SHIFT_BYTE(utf8, s, strend, datumtype);
1604 auv = (auv << 7) | (ch & 0x7f);
1605 /* UTF8_IS_XXXXX not right here - using constant 0x80 */
1613 if (++bytes >= sizeof(UV)) { /* promote to string */
1616 sv = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "%.*"UVuf, (int)TYPE_DIGITS(UV), auv);
1617 while (s < strend) {
1618 ch = SHIFT_BYTE(utf8, s, strend, datumtype);
1619 sv = mul128(sv, (U8)(ch & 0x7f));
1625 t = SvPV_nolen_const(sv);
1634 if ((s >= strend) && bytes)
1635 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Unterminated compressed integer in unpack");
1639 if (symptr->howlen == e_star)
1640 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "'P' must have an explicit size in unpack");
1642 if (s + sizeof(char*) <= strend) {
1644 SHIFT_VAR(utf8, s, strend, aptr, datumtype);
1646 /* newSVpvn generates undef if aptr is NULL */
1647 PUSHs(newSVpvn_flags(aptr, len, SVs_TEMP));
1654 SHIFT_VAR(utf8, s, strend, aquad, datumtype);
1655 DO_BO_UNPACK(aquad);
1657 mPUSHs(aquad >= IV_MIN && aquad <= IV_MAX ?
1658 newSViv((IV)aquad) : newSVnv((NV)aquad));
1659 else if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
1660 cdouble += (NV)aquad;
1668 SHIFT_VAR(utf8, s, strend, auquad, datumtype);
1669 DO_BO_UNPACK(auquad);
1671 mPUSHs(auquad <= UV_MAX ?
1672 newSVuv((UV)auquad) : newSVnv((NV)auquad));
1673 else if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
1674 cdouble += (NV)auquad;
1679 #endif /* HAS_QUAD */
1680 /* float and double added gnb@melba.bby.oz.au 22/11/89 */
1684 SHIFT_VAR(utf8, s, strend, afloat, datumtype);
1685 DO_BO_UNPACK(afloat);
1695 SHIFT_VAR(utf8, s, strend, adouble, datumtype);
1696 DO_BO_UNPACK(adouble);
1706 SHIFT_BYTES(utf8, s, strend, anv.bytes, sizeof(anv.bytes), datumtype);
1707 DO_BO_UNPACK(anv.nv);
1714 #if defined(HAS_LONG_DOUBLE) && defined(USE_LONG_DOUBLE)
1718 SHIFT_BYTES(utf8, s, strend, aldouble.bytes, sizeof(aldouble.bytes), datumtype);
1719 DO_BO_UNPACK(aldouble.ld);
1721 mPUSHn(aldouble.ld);
1723 cdouble += aldouble.ld;
1729 const STRLEN l = (STRLEN) (strend - s) * 3 / 4;
1730 sv = sv_2mortal(newSV(l));
1731 if (l) SvPOK_on(sv);
1734 while (next_uni_uu(aTHX_ &s, strend, &len)) {
1739 next_uni_uu(aTHX_ &s, strend, &a);
1740 next_uni_uu(aTHX_ &s, strend, &b);
1741 next_uni_uu(aTHX_ &s, strend, &c);
1742 next_uni_uu(aTHX_ &s, strend, &d);
1743 hunk[0] = (char)((a << 2) | (b >> 4));
1744 hunk[1] = (char)((b << 4) | (c >> 2));
1745 hunk[2] = (char)((c << 6) | d);
1747 sv_catpvn(sv, hunk, (len > 3) ? 3 : len);
1755 /* possible checksum byte */
1756 const char *skip = s+UTF8SKIP(s);
1757 if (skip < strend && *skip == '\n')
1763 while (s < strend && *s > ' ' && ISUUCHAR(*s)) {
1767 len = PL_uudmap[*(U8*)s++] & 077;
1769 if (s < strend && ISUUCHAR(*s))
1770 a = PL_uudmap[*(U8*)s++] & 077;
1773 if (s < strend && ISUUCHAR(*s))
1774 b = PL_uudmap[*(U8*)s++] & 077;
1777 if (s < strend && ISUUCHAR(*s))
1778 c = PL_uudmap[*(U8*)s++] & 077;
1781 if (s < strend && ISUUCHAR(*s))
1782 d = PL_uudmap[*(U8*)s++] & 077;
1785 hunk[0] = (char)((a << 2) | (b >> 4));
1786 hunk[1] = (char)((b << 4) | (c >> 2));
1787 hunk[2] = (char)((c << 6) | d);
1789 sv_catpvn(sv, hunk, (len > 3) ? 3 : len);
1794 else /* possible checksum byte */
1795 if (s + 1 < strend && s[1] == '\n')
1805 if (strchr("fFdD", TYPE_NO_MODIFIERS(datumtype)) ||
1806 (checksum > bits_in_uv &&
1807 strchr("cCsSiIlLnNUWvVqQjJ", TYPE_NO_MODIFIERS(datumtype))) ) {
1810 anv = (NV) (1 << (checksum & 15));
1811 while (checksum >= 16) {
1815 while (cdouble < 0.0)
1817 cdouble = Perl_modf(cdouble / anv, &trouble) * anv;
1818 sv = newSVnv(cdouble);
1821 if (checksum < bits_in_uv) {
1822 UV mask = ((UV)1 << checksum) - 1;
1831 if (symptr->flags & FLAG_SLASH){
1832 if (SP - PL_stack_base - start_sp_offset <= 0)
1834 if( next_symbol(symptr) ){
1835 if( symptr->howlen == e_number )
1836 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Count after length/code in unpack" );
1838 /* ...end of char buffer then no decent length available */
1839 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "length/code after end of string in unpack" );
1841 /* take top of stack (hope it's numeric) */
1844 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Negative '/' count in unpack" );
1847 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Code missing after '/' in unpack" );
1849 datumtype = symptr->code;
1850 explicit_length = FALSE;
1858 return SP - PL_stack_base - start_sp_offset;
1866 I32 gimme = GIMME_V;
1869 const char *pat = SvPV_const(left, llen);
1870 const char *s = SvPV_const(right, rlen);
1871 const char *strend = s + rlen;
1872 const char *patend = pat + llen;
1876 cnt = unpackstring(pat, patend, s, strend,
1877 ((gimme == G_SCALAR) ? FLAG_UNPACK_ONLY_ONE : 0)
1878 | (DO_UTF8(right) ? FLAG_DO_UTF8 : 0));
1881 if ( !cnt && gimme == G_SCALAR )
1882 PUSHs(&PL_sv_undef);
1887 doencodes(U8 *h, const char *s, I32 len)
1889 *h++ = PL_uuemap[len];
1891 *h++ = PL_uuemap[(077 & (s[0] >> 2))];
1892 *h++ = PL_uuemap[(077 & (((s[0] << 4) & 060) | ((s[1] >> 4) & 017)))];
1893 *h++ = PL_uuemap[(077 & (((s[1] << 2) & 074) | ((s[2] >> 6) & 03)))];
1894 *h++ = PL_uuemap[(077 & (s[2] & 077))];
1899 const char r = (len > 1 ? s[1] : '\0');
1900 *h++ = PL_uuemap[(077 & (s[0] >> 2))];
1901 *h++ = PL_uuemap[(077 & (((s[0] << 4) & 060) | ((r >> 4) & 017)))];
1902 *h++ = PL_uuemap[(077 & ((r << 2) & 074))];
1903 *h++ = PL_uuemap[0];
1910 S_is_an_int(pTHX_ const char *s, STRLEN l)
1912 SV *result = newSVpvn(s, l);
1913 char *const result_c = SvPV_nolen(result); /* convenience */
1914 char *out = result_c;
1918 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_IS_AN_INT;
1926 SvREFCNT_dec(result);
1949 SvREFCNT_dec(result);
1955 SvCUR_set(result, out - result_c);
1959 /* pnum must be '\0' terminated */
1961 S_div128(pTHX_ SV *pnum, bool *done)
1964 char * const s = SvPV(pnum, len);
1968 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_DIV128;
1972 const int i = m * 10 + (*t - '0');
1973 const int r = (i >> 7); /* r < 10 */
1981 SvCUR_set(pnum, (STRLEN) (t - s));
1986 =for apidoc packlist
1988 The engine implementing pack() Perl function.
1994 Perl_packlist(pTHX_ SV *cat, const char *pat, const char *patend, SV **beglist, SV **endlist )
1999 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_PACKLIST;
2001 TEMPSYM_INIT(&sym, pat, patend, FLAG_PACK);
2003 /* We're going to do changes through SvPVX(cat). Make sure it's valid.
2004 Also make sure any UTF8 flag is loaded */
2005 SvPV_force_nolen(cat);
2007 sym.flags |= FLAG_PARSE_UTF8 | FLAG_DO_UTF8;
2009 (void)pack_rec( cat, &sym, beglist, endlist );
2012 /* like sv_utf8_upgrade, but also repoint the group start markers */
2014 marked_upgrade(pTHX_ SV *sv, tempsym_t *sym_ptr) {
2017 const char *from_ptr, *from_start, *from_end, **marks, **m;
2018 char *to_start, *to_ptr;
2020 if (SvUTF8(sv)) return;
2022 from_start = SvPVX_const(sv);
2023 from_end = from_start + SvCUR(sv);
2024 for (from_ptr = from_start; from_ptr < from_end; from_ptr++)
2025 if (!NATIVE_IS_INVARIANT(*from_ptr)) break;
2026 if (from_ptr == from_end) {
2027 /* Simple case: no character needs to be changed */
2032 len = (from_end-from_ptr)*UTF8_EXPAND+(from_ptr-from_start)+1;
2033 Newx(to_start, len, char);
2034 Copy(from_start, to_start, from_ptr-from_start, char);
2035 to_ptr = to_start + (from_ptr-from_start);
2037 Newx(marks, sym_ptr->level+2, const char *);
2038 for (group=sym_ptr; group; group = group->previous)
2039 marks[group->level] = from_start + group->strbeg;
2040 marks[sym_ptr->level+1] = from_end+1;
2041 for (m = marks; *m < from_ptr; m++)
2042 *m = to_start + (*m-from_start);
2044 for (;from_ptr < from_end; from_ptr++) {
2045 while (*m == from_ptr) *m++ = to_ptr;
2046 to_ptr = (char *) uvchr_to_utf8((U8 *) to_ptr, *(U8 *) from_ptr);
2050 while (*m == from_ptr) *m++ = to_ptr;
2051 if (m != marks + sym_ptr->level+1) {
2054 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: marks beyond string end, m=%p, marks=%p, "
2055 "level=%d", m, marks, sym_ptr->level);
2057 for (group=sym_ptr; group; group = group->previous)
2058 group->strbeg = marks[group->level] - to_start;
2063 SvLEN_set(sv, SvLEN(sv) + SvIVX(sv));
2064 from_start -= SvIVX(sv);
2067 SvFLAGS(sv) &= ~SVf_OOK;
2070 Safefree(from_start);
2071 SvPV_set(sv, to_start);
2072 SvCUR_set(sv, to_ptr - to_start);
2077 /* Exponential string grower. Makes string extension effectively O(n)
2078 needed says how many extra bytes we need (not counting the final '\0')
2079 Only grows the string if there is an actual lack of space
2082 S_sv_exp_grow(pTHX_ SV *sv, STRLEN needed) {
2083 const STRLEN cur = SvCUR(sv);
2084 const STRLEN len = SvLEN(sv);
2087 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_SV_EXP_GROW;
2089 if (len - cur > needed) return SvPVX(sv);
2090 extend = needed > len ? needed : len;
2091 return SvGROW(sv, len+extend+1);
2096 S_pack_rec(pTHX_ SV *cat, tempsym_t* symptr, SV **beglist, SV **endlist )
2099 tempsym_t lookahead;
2100 I32 items = endlist - beglist;
2101 bool found = next_symbol(symptr);
2102 bool utf8 = (symptr->flags & FLAG_PARSE_UTF8) ? 1 : 0;
2103 bool warn_utf8 = ckWARN(WARN_UTF8);
2105 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_PACK_REC;
2107 if (symptr->level == 0 && found && symptr->code == 'U') {
2108 marked_upgrade(aTHX_ cat, symptr);
2109 symptr->flags |= FLAG_DO_UTF8;
2112 symptr->strbeg = SvCUR(cat);
2118 SV *lengthcode = NULL;
2119 I32 datumtype = symptr->code;
2120 howlen_t howlen = symptr->howlen;
2121 char *start = SvPVX(cat);
2122 char *cur = start + SvCUR(cat);
2125 #define NEXTFROM (lengthcode ? lengthcode : items-- > 0 ? *beglist++ : &PL_sv_no)
2129 len = strchr("@Xxu", TYPE_NO_MODIFIERS(datumtype)) ?
2133 /* e_no_len and e_number */
2134 len = symptr->length;
2139 packprops_t props = packprops[TYPE_NO_ENDIANNESS(datumtype)];
2141 if (props && !(props & PACK_SIZE_UNPREDICTABLE)) {
2142 /* We can process this letter. */
2143 STRLEN size = props & PACK_SIZE_MASK;
2144 GROWING(utf8, cat, start, cur, (STRLEN) len * size);
2148 /* Look ahead for next symbol. Do we have code/code? */
2149 lookahead = *symptr;
2150 found = next_symbol(&lookahead);
2151 if (symptr->flags & FLAG_SLASH) {
2153 if (!found) Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Code missing after '/' in pack");
2154 if (strchr("aAZ", lookahead.code)) {
2155 if (lookahead.howlen == e_number) count = lookahead.length;
2158 count = sv_len_utf8(*beglist);
2161 if (lookahead.code == 'Z') count++;
2164 if (lookahead.howlen == e_number && lookahead.length < items)
2165 count = lookahead.length;
2168 lookahead.howlen = e_number;
2169 lookahead.length = count;
2170 lengthcode = sv_2mortal(newSViv(count));
2173 needs_swap = NEEDS_SWAP(datumtype);
2175 /* Code inside the switch must take care to properly update
2176 cat (CUR length and '\0' termination) if it updated *cur and
2177 doesn't simply leave using break */
2178 switch(TYPE_NO_ENDIANNESS(datumtype)) {
2180 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Invalid type '%c' in pack",
2181 (int) TYPE_NO_MODIFIERS(datumtype));
2183 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "'%%' may not be used in pack");
2186 case '.' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
2188 if (howlen == e_star) from = start;
2189 else if (len == 0) from = cur;
2191 tempsym_t *group = symptr;
2193 while (--len && group) group = group->previous;
2194 from = group ? start + group->strbeg : start;
2197 len = SvIV(fromstr);
2199 case '@' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
2201 from = start + symptr->strbeg;
2203 if (utf8 && !(datumtype & TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING))
2205 while (len && from < cur) {
2206 from += UTF8SKIP(from);
2210 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Malformed UTF-8 string in pack");
2212 /* Here we know from == cur */
2214 GROWING(0, cat, start, cur, len);
2215 Zero(cur, len, char);
2217 } else if (from < cur) {
2220 } else goto no_change;
2228 if (len > 0) goto grow;
2229 if (len == 0) goto no_change;
2236 tempsym_t savsym = *symptr;
2237 U32 group_modifiers = TYPE_MODIFIERS(datumtype & ~symptr->flags);
2238 symptr->flags |= group_modifiers;
2239 symptr->patend = savsym.grpend;
2241 symptr->previous = &lookahead;
2244 if (utf8) symptr->flags |= FLAG_PARSE_UTF8;
2245 else symptr->flags &= ~FLAG_PARSE_UTF8;
2246 was_utf8 = SvUTF8(cat);
2247 symptr->patptr = savsym.grpbeg;
2248 beglist = pack_rec(cat, symptr, beglist, endlist);
2249 if (SvUTF8(cat) != was_utf8)
2250 /* This had better be an upgrade while in utf8==0 mode */
2253 if (savsym.howlen == e_star && beglist == endlist)
2254 break; /* No way to continue */
2256 items = endlist - beglist;
2257 lookahead.flags = symptr->flags & ~group_modifiers;
2260 case 'X' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
2261 if (!len) /* Avoid division by 0 */
2268 hop += UTF8SKIP(hop);
2275 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Malformed UTF-8 string in pack");
2279 len = (cur-start) % len;
2283 if (len < 1) goto no_change;
2287 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "'%c' outside of string in pack",
2288 (int) TYPE_NO_MODIFIERS(datumtype));
2289 while (--cur, UTF8_IS_CONTINUATION(*cur)) {
2291 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "'%c' outside of string in pack",
2292 (int) TYPE_NO_MODIFIERS(datumtype));
2298 if (cur - start < len)
2299 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "'%c' outside of string in pack",
2300 (int) TYPE_NO_MODIFIERS(datumtype));
2303 if (cur < start+symptr->strbeg) {
2304 /* Make sure group starts don't point into the void */
2306 const STRLEN length = cur-start;
2307 for (group = symptr;
2308 group && length < group->strbeg;
2309 group = group->previous) group->strbeg = length;
2310 lookahead.strbeg = length;
2313 case 'x' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING: {
2315 if (!len) /* Avoid division by 0 */
2317 if (utf8) ai32 = utf8_length((U8 *) start, (U8 *) cur) % len;
2318 else ai32 = (cur - start) % len;
2319 if (ai32 == 0) goto no_change;
2331 aptr = SvPV_const(fromstr, fromlen);
2332 if (DO_UTF8(fromstr)) {
2333 const char *end, *s;
2335 if (!utf8 && !SvUTF8(cat)) {
2336 marked_upgrade(aTHX_ cat, symptr);
2337 lookahead.flags |= FLAG_DO_UTF8;
2338 lookahead.strbeg = symptr->strbeg;
2341 cur = start + SvCUR(cat);
2343 if (howlen == e_star) {
2344 if (utf8) goto string_copy;
2348 end = aptr + fromlen;
2349 fromlen = datumtype == 'Z' ? len-1 : len;
2350 while ((I32) fromlen > 0 && s < end) {
2355 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Malformed UTF-8 string in pack");
2358 if (datumtype == 'Z') len++;
2364 fromlen = len - fromlen;
2365 if (datumtype == 'Z') fromlen--;
2366 if (howlen == e_star) {
2368 if (datumtype == 'Z') len++;
2370 GROWING(0, cat, start, cur, len);
2371 if (!uni_to_bytes(aTHX_ &aptr, end, cur, fromlen,
2372 datumtype | TYPE_IS_PACK))
2373 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: predicted utf8 length not available, "
2374 "for '%c', aptr=%p end=%p cur=%p, fromlen=%"UVuf,
2375 (int)datumtype, aptr, end, cur, (UV)fromlen);
2379 if (howlen == e_star) {
2381 if (datumtype == 'Z') len++;
2383 if (len <= (I32) fromlen) {
2385 if (datumtype == 'Z' && fromlen > 0) fromlen--;
2387 /* assumes a byte expands to at most UTF8_EXPAND bytes on
2389 expected_length <= from_len*UTF8_EXPAND + (len-from_len) */
2390 GROWING(0, cat, start, cur, fromlen*(UTF8_EXPAND-1)+len);
2392 while (fromlen > 0) {
2393 cur = (char *) uvchr_to_utf8((U8 *) cur, * (U8 *) aptr);
2399 if (howlen == e_star) {
2401 if (datumtype == 'Z') len++;
2403 if (len <= (I32) fromlen) {
2405 if (datumtype == 'Z' && fromlen > 0) fromlen--;
2407 GROWING(0, cat, start, cur, len);
2408 Copy(aptr, cur, fromlen, char);
2412 memset(cur, datumtype == 'A' ? ' ' : '\0', len);
2419 const char *str, *end;
2426 str = SvPV_const(fromstr, fromlen);
2427 end = str + fromlen;
2428 if (DO_UTF8(fromstr)) {
2430 utf8_flags = warn_utf8 ? 0 : UTF8_ALLOW_ANY;
2432 utf8_source = FALSE;
2433 utf8_flags = 0; /* Unused, but keep compilers happy */
2435 if (howlen == e_star) len = fromlen;
2436 field_len = (len+7)/8;
2437 GROWING(utf8, cat, start, cur, field_len);
2438 if (len > (I32)fromlen) len = fromlen;
2441 if (datumtype == 'B')
2445 NEXT_UNI_VAL(val, cur, str, end, utf8_flags);
2447 } else bits |= *str++ & 1;
2448 if (l & 7) bits <<= 1;
2450 PUSH_BYTE(utf8, cur, bits);
2455 /* datumtype == 'b' */
2459 NEXT_UNI_VAL(val, cur, str, end, utf8_flags);
2460 if (val & 1) bits |= 0x80;
2461 } else if (*str++ & 1)
2463 if (l & 7) bits >>= 1;
2465 PUSH_BYTE(utf8, cur, bits);
2471 if (datumtype == 'B')
2472 bits <<= 7 - (l & 7);
2474 bits >>= 7 - (l & 7);
2475 PUSH_BYTE(utf8, cur, bits);
2478 /* Determine how many chars are left in the requested field */
2480 if (howlen == e_star) field_len = 0;
2481 else field_len -= l;
2482 Zero(cur, field_len, char);
2488 const char *str, *end;
2495 str = SvPV_const(fromstr, fromlen);
2496 end = str + fromlen;
2497 if (DO_UTF8(fromstr)) {
2499 utf8_flags = warn_utf8 ? 0 : UTF8_ALLOW_ANY;
2501 utf8_source = FALSE;
2502 utf8_flags = 0; /* Unused, but keep compilers happy */
2504 if (howlen == e_star) len = fromlen;
2505 field_len = (len+1)/2;
2506 GROWING(utf8, cat, start, cur, field_len);
2507 if (!utf8 && len > (I32)fromlen) len = fromlen;
2510 if (datumtype == 'H')
2514 NEXT_UNI_VAL(val, cur, str, end, utf8_flags);
2515 if (val < 256 && isALPHA(val))
2516 bits |= (val + 9) & 0xf;
2519 } else if (isALPHA(*str))
2520 bits |= (*str++ + 9) & 0xf;
2522 bits |= *str++ & 0xf;
2523 if (l & 1) bits <<= 4;
2525 PUSH_BYTE(utf8, cur, bits);
2533 NEXT_UNI_VAL(val, cur, str, end, utf8_flags);
2534 if (val < 256 && isALPHA(val))
2535 bits |= ((val + 9) & 0xf) << 4;
2537 bits |= (val & 0xf) << 4;
2538 } else if (isALPHA(*str))
2539 bits |= ((*str++ + 9) & 0xf) << 4;
2541 bits |= (*str++ & 0xf) << 4;
2542 if (l & 1) bits >>= 4;
2544 PUSH_BYTE(utf8, cur, bits);
2550 PUSH_BYTE(utf8, cur, bits);
2553 /* Determine how many chars are left in the requested field */
2555 if (howlen == e_star) field_len = 0;
2556 else field_len -= l;
2557 Zero(cur, field_len, char);
2565 aiv = SvIV(fromstr);
2566 if ((-128 > aiv || aiv > 127))
2567 Perl_ck_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_PACK),
2568 "Character in 'c' format wrapped in pack");
2569 PUSH_BYTE(utf8, cur, (U8)(aiv & 0xff));
2574 utf8 = (symptr->flags & FLAG_DO_UTF8) ? 1 : 0;
2580 aiv = SvIV(fromstr);
2581 if ((0 > aiv || aiv > 0xff))
2582 Perl_ck_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_PACK),
2583 "Character in 'C' format wrapped in pack");
2584 PUSH_BYTE(utf8, cur, (U8)(aiv & 0xff));
2589 U8 in_bytes = (U8)IN_BYTES;
2591 end = start+SvLEN(cat)-1;
2592 if (utf8) end -= UTF8_MAXLEN-1;
2596 auv = SvUV(fromstr);
2597 if (in_bytes) auv = auv % 0x100;
2602 SvCUR_set(cat, cur - start);
2604 GROWING(0, cat, start, cur, len+UTF8_MAXLEN);
2605 end = start+SvLEN(cat)-UTF8_MAXLEN;
2607 cur = (char *) uvuni_to_utf8_flags((U8 *) cur,
2610 0 : UNICODE_ALLOW_ANY);
2615 SvCUR_set(cat, cur - start);
2616 marked_upgrade(aTHX_ cat, symptr);
2617 lookahead.flags |= FLAG_DO_UTF8;
2618 lookahead.strbeg = symptr->strbeg;
2621 cur = start + SvCUR(cat);
2622 end = start+SvLEN(cat)-UTF8_MAXLEN;
2625 Perl_ck_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_PACK),
2626 "Character in 'W' format wrapped in pack");
2631 SvCUR_set(cat, cur - start);
2632 GROWING(0, cat, start, cur, len+1);
2633 end = start+SvLEN(cat)-1;
2635 *(U8 *) cur++ = (U8)auv;
2644 if (!(symptr->flags & FLAG_DO_UTF8)) {
2645 marked_upgrade(aTHX_ cat, symptr);
2646 lookahead.flags |= FLAG_DO_UTF8;
2647 lookahead.strbeg = symptr->strbeg;
2653 end = start+SvLEN(cat);
2654 if (!utf8) end -= UTF8_MAXLEN;
2658 auv = SvUV(fromstr);
2660 U8 buffer[UTF8_MAXLEN], *endb;
2661 endb = uvuni_to_utf8_flags(buffer, auv,
2663 0 : UNICODE_ALLOW_ANY);
2664 if (cur+(endb-buffer)*UTF8_EXPAND >= end) {
2666 SvCUR_set(cat, cur - start);
2667 GROWING(0, cat, start, cur,
2668 len+(endb-buffer)*UTF8_EXPAND);
2669 end = start+SvLEN(cat);
2671 cur = bytes_to_uni(buffer, endb-buffer, cur);
2675 SvCUR_set(cat, cur - start);
2676 GROWING(0, cat, start, cur, len+UTF8_MAXLEN);
2677 end = start+SvLEN(cat)-UTF8_MAXLEN;
2679 cur = (char *) uvuni_to_utf8_flags((U8 *) cur, auv,
2681 0 : UNICODE_ALLOW_ANY);
2686 /* Float and double added by gnb@melba.bby.oz.au 22/11/89 */
2692 anv = SvNV(fromstr);
2693 # if defined(VMS) && !defined(_IEEE_FP)
2694 /* IEEE fp overflow shenanigans are unavailable on VAX and optional
2695 * on Alpha; fake it if we don't have them.
2699 else if (anv < -FLT_MAX)
2701 else afloat = (float)anv;
2703 afloat = (float)anv;
2706 PUSH_VAR(utf8, cur, afloat);
2714 anv = SvNV(fromstr);
2715 # if defined(VMS) && !defined(_IEEE_FP)
2716 /* IEEE fp overflow shenanigans are unavailable on VAX and optional
2717 * on Alpha; fake it if we don't have them.
2721 else if (anv < -DBL_MAX)
2723 else adouble = (double)anv;
2725 adouble = (double)anv;
2727 DO_BO_PACK(adouble);
2728 PUSH_VAR(utf8, cur, adouble);
2733 Zero(&anv, 1, NV); /* can be long double with unused bits */
2737 /* to work round a gcc/x86 bug; don't use SvNV */
2738 anv.nv = sv_2nv(fromstr);
2740 anv.nv = SvNV(fromstr);
2743 PUSH_BYTES(utf8, cur, anv.bytes, sizeof(anv.bytes));
2747 #if defined(HAS_LONG_DOUBLE) && defined(USE_LONG_DOUBLE)
2750 /* long doubles can have unused bits, which may be nonzero */
2751 Zero(&aldouble, 1, long double);
2755 /* to work round a gcc/x86 bug; don't use SvNV */
2756 aldouble.ld = (long double)sv_2nv(fromstr);
2758 aldouble.ld = (long double)SvNV(fromstr);
2760 DO_BO_PACK(aldouble);
2761 PUSH_BYTES(utf8, cur, aldouble.bytes, sizeof(aldouble.bytes));
2766 case 'n' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
2771 ai16 = (I16)SvIV(fromstr);
2772 ai16 = PerlSock_htons(ai16);
2773 PUSH16(utf8, cur, &ai16);
2776 case 'v' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
2781 ai16 = (I16)SvIV(fromstr);
2783 PUSH16(utf8, cur, &ai16);
2786 case 'S' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
2787 #if SHORTSIZE != SIZE16
2789 unsigned short aushort;
2791 aushort = SvUV(fromstr);
2792 DO_BO_PACK(aushort);
2793 PUSH_VAR(utf8, cur, aushort);
2803 au16 = (U16)SvUV(fromstr);
2805 PUSH16(utf8, cur, &au16);
2808 case 's' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
2809 #if SHORTSIZE != SIZE16
2813 ashort = SvIV(fromstr);
2815 PUSH_VAR(utf8, cur, ashort);
2825 ai16 = (I16)SvIV(fromstr);
2827 PUSH16(utf8, cur, &ai16);
2831 case 'I' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
2835 auint = SvUV(fromstr);
2837 PUSH_VAR(utf8, cur, auint);
2844 aiv = SvIV(fromstr);
2846 PUSH_VAR(utf8, cur, aiv);
2853 auv = SvUV(fromstr);
2855 PUSH_VAR(utf8, cur, auv);
2862 anv = SvNV(fromstr);
2866 SvCUR_set(cat, cur - start);
2867 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Cannot compress negative numbers in pack");
2870 /* 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF may cast to 18446744073709551616.0,
2871 which is == UV_MAX_P1. IOK is fine (instead of UV_only), as
2872 any negative IVs will have already been got by the croak()
2873 above. IOK is untrue for fractions, so we test them
2874 against UV_MAX_P1. */
2875 if (SvIOK(fromstr) || anv < UV_MAX_P1) {
2876 char buf[(sizeof(UV)*CHAR_BIT)/7+1];
2877 char *in = buf + sizeof(buf);
2878 UV auv = SvUV(fromstr);
2881 *--in = (char)((auv & 0x7f) | 0x80);
2884 buf[sizeof(buf) - 1] &= 0x7f; /* clear continue bit */
2885 PUSH_GROWING_BYTES(utf8, cat, start, cur,
2886 in, (buf + sizeof(buf)) - in);
2887 } else if (SvPOKp(fromstr))
2889 else if (SvNOKp(fromstr)) {
2890 /* 10**NV_MAX_10_EXP is the largest power of 10
2891 so 10**(NV_MAX_10_EXP+1) is definitely unrepresentable
2892 given 10**(NV_MAX_10_EXP+1) == 128 ** x solve for x:
2893 x = (NV_MAX_10_EXP+1) * log (10) / log (128)
2894 And with that many bytes only Inf can overflow.
2895 Some C compilers are strict about integral constant
2896 expressions so we conservatively divide by a slightly
2897 smaller integer instead of multiplying by the exact
2898 floating-point value.
2900 #ifdef NV_MAX_10_EXP
2901 /* char buf[1 + (int)((NV_MAX_10_EXP + 1) * 0.47456)]; -- invalid C */
2902 char buf[1 + (int)((NV_MAX_10_EXP + 1) / 2)]; /* valid C */
2904 /* char buf[1 + (int)((308 + 1) * 0.47456)]; -- invalid C */
2905 char buf[1 + (int)((308 + 1) / 2)]; /* valid C */
2907 char *in = buf + sizeof(buf);
2909 anv = Perl_floor(anv);
2911 const NV next = Perl_floor(anv / 128);
2912 if (in <= buf) /* this cannot happen ;-) */
2913 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Cannot compress integer in pack");
2914 *--in = (unsigned char)(anv - (next * 128)) | 0x80;
2917 buf[sizeof(buf) - 1] &= 0x7f; /* clear continue bit */
2918 PUSH_GROWING_BYTES(utf8, cat, start, cur,
2919 in, (buf + sizeof(buf)) - in);
2928 /* Copy string and check for compliance */
2929 from = SvPV_const(fromstr, len);
2930 if ((norm = is_an_int(from, len)) == NULL)
2931 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can only compress unsigned integers in pack");
2933 Newx(result, len, char);
2936 while (!done) *--in = div128(norm, &done) | 0x80;
2937 result[len - 1] &= 0x7F; /* clear continue bit */
2938 PUSH_GROWING_BYTES(utf8, cat, start, cur,
2939 in, (result + len) - in);
2941 SvREFCNT_dec(norm); /* free norm */
2946 case 'i' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
2950 aint = SvIV(fromstr);
2952 PUSH_VAR(utf8, cur, aint);
2955 case 'N' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
2960 au32 = SvUV(fromstr);
2961 au32 = PerlSock_htonl(au32);
2962 PUSH32(utf8, cur, &au32);
2965 case 'V' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
2970 au32 = SvUV(fromstr);
2972 PUSH32(utf8, cur, &au32);
2975 case 'L' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
2976 #if LONGSIZE != SIZE32
2978 unsigned long aulong;
2980 aulong = SvUV(fromstr);
2982 PUSH_VAR(utf8, cur, aulong);
2992 au32 = SvUV(fromstr);
2994 PUSH32(utf8, cur, &au32);
2997 case 'l' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
2998 #if LONGSIZE != SIZE32
3002 along = SvIV(fromstr);
3004 PUSH_VAR(utf8, cur, along);
3014 ai32 = SvIV(fromstr);
3016 PUSH32(utf8, cur, &ai32);
3024 auquad = (Uquad_t) SvUV(fromstr);
3026 PUSH_VAR(utf8, cur, auquad);
3033 aquad = (Quad_t)SvIV(fromstr);
3035 PUSH_VAR(utf8, cur, aquad);
3038 #endif /* HAS_QUAD */
3040 len = 1; /* assume SV is correct length */
3041 GROWING(utf8, cat, start, cur, sizeof(char *));
3048 SvGETMAGIC(fromstr);
3049 if (!SvOK(fromstr)) aptr = NULL;
3051 /* XXX better yet, could spirit away the string to
3052 * a safe spot and hang on to it until the result
3053 * of pack() (and all copies of the result) are
3056 if ((SvTEMP(fromstr) || (SvPADTMP(fromstr) &&
3057 !SvREADONLY(fromstr)))) {
3058 Perl_ck_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_PACK),
3059 "Attempt to pack pointer to temporary value");
3061 if (SvPOK(fromstr) || SvNIOK(fromstr))
3062 aptr = SvPV_nomg_const_nolen(fromstr);
3064 aptr = SvPV_force_flags_nolen(fromstr, 0);
3067 PUSH_VAR(utf8, cur, aptr);
3071 const char *aptr, *aend;
3075 if (len <= 2) len = 45;
3076 else len = len / 3 * 3;
3078 Perl_ck_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_PACK),
3079 "Field too wide in 'u' format in pack");
3082 aptr = SvPV_const(fromstr, fromlen);
3083 from_utf8 = DO_UTF8(fromstr);
3085 aend = aptr + fromlen;
3086 fromlen = sv_len_utf8_nomg(fromstr);
3087 } else aend = NULL; /* Unused, but keep compilers happy */
3088 GROWING(utf8, cat, start, cur, (fromlen+2) / 3 * 4 + (fromlen+len-1)/len * 2);
3089 while (fromlen > 0) {
3092 U8 hunk[1+63/3*4+1];
3094 if ((I32)fromlen > len)
3100 if (!uni_to_bytes(aTHX_ &aptr, aend, buffer, todo,
3101 'u' | TYPE_IS_PACK)) {
3103 SvCUR_set(cat, cur - start);
3104 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: string is shorter than advertised, "
3105 "aptr=%p, aend=%p, buffer=%p, todo=%ld",
3106 aptr, aend, buffer, (long) todo);
3108 end = doencodes(hunk, buffer, todo);
3110 end = doencodes(hunk, aptr, todo);
3113 PUSH_BYTES(utf8, cur, hunk, end-hunk);
3120 SvCUR_set(cat, cur - start);
3122 *symptr = lookahead;
3131 dVAR; dSP; dMARK; dORIGMARK; dTARGET;
3134 SV *pat_sv = *++MARK;
3135 const char *pat = SvPV_const(pat_sv, fromlen);
3136 const char *patend = pat + fromlen;
3142 packlist(cat, pat, patend, MARK, SP + 1);
3152 * c-indentation-style: bsd
3154 * indent-tabs-mode: nil
3157 * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 et: