5 perldelta - what is new for perl v5.26.0
9 This document describes the differences between the 5.24.0 release and the
12 =head1 Core Enhancements
14 =head2 New regular expression modifier C</xx>
16 Specifying two C<x> characters to modify a regular expression pattern
17 does everything that a single one does, but additionally TAB and SPACE
18 characters within a bracketed character class are generally ignored and
19 can be added to improve readability, like
20 S<C</[ ^ A-Z d-f p-x ]/xx>>. Details are at
21 L<perlre/E<sol>x and E<sol>xx>.
23 =head2 New Hash Function For 64-bit Builds
25 We have switched to a hybrid hash function to better balance
26 performance for short and long keys.
28 For short keys, 16 bytes and under, we use an optimised variant of
29 One At A Time Hard, and for longer keys we use Siphash 1-3. For very
30 long keys this is a big improvement in performance. For shorter keys
31 there is a modest improvement.
33 =head2 Indented Here-documents
35 This adds a new modifier '~' to here-docs that tells the parser
36 that it should look for /^\s*$DELIM\n/ as the closing delimiter.
38 These syntaxes are all supported:
49 The '~' modifier will strip, from each line in the here-doc, the
50 same whitespace that appears before the delimiter.
52 Newlines will be copied as is, and lines that don't include the
53 proper beginning whitespace will cause perl to croak.
63 prints "Hello there\n" with no leading whitespace.
67 Perl now provides a way to build perl without C<.> in @INC by default. If you
68 want this feature, you can build with -Ddefault_inc_excludes_dot
70 Because the testing / make process for perl modules does not function well with
71 C<.> missing from @INC, Perl now supports the environment variable
72 PERL_USE_UNSAFE_INC=1 which makes Perl behave as it previously did, returning
73 C<.> to @INC in all child processes.
75 =head2 create a safer utf8_hop() called utf8_hop_safe()
77 Unlike utf8_hop(), utf8_hop_safe() won't navigate before the beginning or after
78 the end of the supplied buffer.
80 =head2 @{^CAPTURE}, %{^CAPTURE}, and %{^CAPTURE_ALL}
82 C<@{^CAPTURE}> exposes the capture buffers of the last match as an
83 array. So C<$1> is C<${^CAPTURE}[0]>.
85 C<%{^CAPTURE}> is the equivalent to C<%+> (ie named captures)
87 C<%{^CAPTURE_ALL}> is the equivalent to C<%-> (ie all named captures).
89 =head2 Unicode 9.0 is now supported
91 A list of changes is at L<http://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode9.0.0/>.
92 Modules that are shipped with core Perl but not maintained by p5p do not
93 necessarily support Unicode 9.0. L<Unicode::Normalize> does work on 9.0.
95 =head2 Use of C<\p{I<script>}> uses the improved Script_Extensions property
97 Unicode 6.0 introduced an improved form of the Script (C<sc>) property, and
98 called it Script_Extensions (C<scx>). As of now, Perl uses this improved
99 version when a property is specified as just C<\p{I<script>}>. The meaning of
100 compound forms, like C<\p{sc=I<script>}> are unchanged. This should make
101 programs be more accurate when determining if a character is used in a given
102 script, but there is a slight chance of breakage for programs that very
103 specifically needed the old behavior. See L<perlunicode/Scripts>.
105 =head2 Declaring a reference to a variable
107 As an experimental feature, Perl now allows the referencing operator to come
108 after L<C<my()>|perlfunc/my>, L<C<state()>|perlfunc/state>,
109 L<C<our()>|perlfunc/our>, or L<C<local()>|perlfunc/local>. This syntax must
110 be enabled with C<use feature 'declared_refs'>. It is experimental, and will
111 warn by default unless C<no warnings 'experimental::refaliasing'> is in effect.
112 It is intended mainly for use in assignments to references. For example:
114 use experimental 'refaliasing', 'declared_refs';
117 See L<perlref/Assigning to References> for more details.
119 =head2 Perl can now do default collation in UTF-8 locales on platforms
122 Some platforms natively do a reasonable job of collating and sorting in
123 UTF-8 locales. Perl now works with those. For portability and full
124 control, L<Unicode::Collate> is still recommended, but now you may
125 not need to do anything special to get good-enough results, depending on
126 your application. See
127 L<perllocale/Category C<LC_COLLATE>: Collation: Text Comparisons and Sorting>.
129 =head2 Better locale collation of strings containing embedded C<NUL>
132 In locales that have multi-level character weights, these are now
133 ignored at the higher priority ones. There are still some gotchas in
134 some strings, though. See
135 L<perllocale/Collation of strings containing embedded C<NUL> characters>.
137 =head2 Lexical subroutines are no longer experimental
139 Using the C<lexical_subs> feature introduced in v5.18 no longer emits a warning. Existing
140 code that disables the C<experimental::lexical_subs> warning category
141 that the feature previously used will continue to work. The
142 C<lexical_subs> feature has no effect; all Perl code can use lexical
143 subroutines, regardless of what feature declarations are in scope.
145 =head2 C<CORE> subroutines for hash and array functions callable via
148 The hash and array functions in the C<CORE> namespace--C<keys>, C<each>,
149 C<values>, C<push>, C<pop>, C<shift>, C<unshift> and C<splice>--, can now
150 be called with ampersand syntax (C<&CORE::keys(\%hash>) and via reference
151 (C<< my $k = \&CORE::keys; $k-E<gt>(\%hash) >>). Previously they could only be
154 =head2 POSIX::tmpnam() has been removed
156 The fundamentally unsafe C<tmpnam()> interface was deprecated in
157 Perl 5.22.0 and has now been removed. In its place you can use
158 for example the L<File::Temp> interfaces.
160 =head2 require ::Foo::Bar is now illegal.
162 Formerly, C<require ::Foo::Bar> would try to read F</Foo/Bar.pm>. Now any
163 bareword require which starts with a double colon dies instead.
165 =head2 Unescaped literal C<"{"> characters in regular expression
166 patterns are no longer permissible
168 You have to now say something like C<"\{"> or C<"[{]"> to specify to
169 match a LEFT CURLY BRACKET. This will allow future extensions to the
170 language. This restriction is not enforced, nor are there current plans
171 to enforce it, if the C<"{"> is the first character in the pattern.
173 These have been deprecated since v5.16, with a deprecation message
174 displayed starting in v5.22.
176 =head2 Literal control character variable names are no longer permissible
178 A variable name may no longer contain a literal control character under
179 any circumstances. These previously were allowed in single-character
180 names on ASCII platforms, but have been deprecated there since Perl
181 v5.20. This affects things like C<$I<\cT>>, where I<\cT> is a literal
182 control (such as a C<NAK> or C<NEGATIVE ACKNOWLEDGE> character) in the
185 =head2 C<NBSP> is no longer permissible in C<\N{...}>
187 The name of a character may no longer contain non-breaking spaces. It
188 has been deprecated to do so since Perl v5.22.
192 =head2 Remove current dir (C<.>) from C<@INC>
194 For security reasons, C<@INC> no longer contains the default directory
197 =head2 "Escaped" colons and relative paths in PATH
199 On Unix systems, Perl treats any relative paths in the PATH environment
200 variable as tainted when starting a new process. Previously, it was
201 allowing a backslash to escape a colon (unlike the OS), consequently
202 allowing relative paths to be considered safe if the PATH was set to
203 something like C</\:.>. The check has been fixed to treat C<.> as tainted
206 =head2 C<-Di> switch is now required for PerlIO debugging output
208 Previously PerlIO debugging output would be sent to the file specified
209 by the C<PERLIO_DEBUG> environment variable if perl wasn't running
210 setuid and the C<-T> or C<-t> switches hadn't been parsed yet.
212 If perl performed output at a point where it hadn't yet parsed its
213 switches this could result in perl creating or overwriting the file
214 named by C<PERLIO_DEBUG> even when the C<-T> switch had been supplied.
216 Perl now requires the C<-Di> switch to produce PerlIO debugging
217 output. By default this is written to C<stderr>, but can optionally
218 be redirected to a file by setting the C<PERLIO_DEBUG> environment
221 If perl is running setuid or the C<-T> switch has supplied
222 C<PERLIO_DEBUG> is ignored and the debugging output is sent to
223 C<stderr> as for any other C<-D> switch.
225 =head1 Incompatible Changes
227 =head2 C<${^ENCODING}> has been removed
229 Consequently, the L<encoding> pragma's default mode is no longer supported. If
230 you still need to write your source code in encodings other than UTF-8, use a
231 source filter such as L<Filter::Encoding> on CPAN or L<encoding>'s C<Filter>
234 =head2 C<scalar(%hash)> return signature changed
236 The value returned for C<scalar(%hash)> will no longer show information about
237 the buckets allocated in the hash. It will simply return the count of used
238 keys. It is thus equivalent to C<0+keys(%hash)>.
240 A form of backwards compatibility is provided via C<Hash::Util::bucket_ratio()>
241 which provides the same behavior as C<scalar(%hash)> provided prior to Perl
244 =head2 C<keys> returned from an lvalue subroutine
246 C<keys> returned from an lvalue subroutine can no longer be assigned
249 sub foo : lvalue { keys(%INC) }
251 sub bar : lvalue { keys(@_) }
252 (bar) = 3; # also an error
254 This makes the lvalue sub case consistent with C<(keys %hash) = ...> and
255 C<(keys @_) = ...>, which are also errors. [perl #128187]
259 =head2 String delimiters that aren't stand-alone graphemes are now deprecated
261 In order for Perl to eventually allow string delimiters to be Unicode
262 grapheme clusters (which look like a single character, but may be
263 a sequence of several ones), we have to stop allowing a single char
264 delimiter that isn't a grapheme by itself. These are unlikely to exist
265 in actual code, as they would typically display as attached to the
266 character in front of them.
268 =head1 Performance Enhancements
274 A hash in boolean context is now sometimes faster, e.g.
278 This was already special-cased, but some cases were missed, and even the
279 ones which weren't have been improved.
283 Several other ops may now also be faster in boolean context.
285 =item * New Faster Hash Function on 64 bit builds
287 We use a different hash function for short and long keys. This should
288 improve performance and security, especially for long keys.
290 =item * readline is faster
292 Reading from a file line-by-line with C<readline()> or C<< E<lt>E<gt> >> should
293 now typically be faster due to a better implementation of the code that
294 searches for the next newline character.
298 Reduce cost of SvVALID().
302 C<$ref1 = $ref2> has been optimized.
306 Array and hash assignment are now faster, e.g.
311 especially when the RHS is empty.
315 Reduce the number of odd special cases for the C<SvSCREAM> flag.
319 Avoid sv_catpvn() in do_vop() when unneeded.
323 Enhancements in Regex concat COW implementation.
327 Speed up C<AV> and C<HV> clearing/undeffing.
331 Better optimise array and hash assignment
335 Converting a single-digit string to a number is now substantially faster.
339 The internal op implementing the C<split> builtin has been simplified and
340 sped up. Firstly, it no longer requires a subsidiary internal C<pushre> op
341 to do its work. Secondly, code of the form C<my @x = split(...)> is now
342 optimised in the same way as C<@x = split(...)>, and is therefore a few
347 The rather slow implementation for the experimental subroutine signatures
348 feature has been made much faster; it is now comparable in speed with the
349 old-style C<my ($a, $b, @c) = @_>.
353 Bareword constant strings are now permitted to take part in constant
354 folding. They were originally exempted from constant folding in August 1999,
355 during the development of Perl 5.6, to ensure that C<use strict "subs">
356 would still apply to bareword constants. That has now been accomplished a
357 different way, so barewords, like other constants, now gain the performance
358 benefits of constant folding.
360 This also means that void-context warnings on constant expressions of
361 barewords now report the folded constant operand, rather than the operation;
362 this matches the behaviour for non-bareword constants.
366 =head1 Modules and Pragmata
368 =head2 Updated Modules and Pragmata
374 L<Archive::Tar> has been upgraded from version 2.04 to 2.24.
378 L<arybase> has been upgraded from version 0.11 to 0.12.
382 L<attributes> has been upgraded from version 0.27 to 0.29.
384 The deprecation message for the C<:unique> and C<:locked> attributes
385 now mention they will disappear in Perl 5.28.
389 L<B> has been upgraded from version 1.62 to 1.68.
393 L<B::Concise> has been upgraded from version 0.996 to 0.999.
395 Its output is now more descriptive for C<op_private> flags.
399 L<B::Debug> has been upgraded from version 1.23 to 1.24.
403 L<B::Deparse> has been upgraded from version 1.37 to 1.40.
407 L<B::Xref> has been upgraded from version 1.05 to 1.06.
409 It now uses 3-arg C<open()> instead of 2-arg C<open()>. [perl #130122]
413 L<base> has been upgraded from version 2.23 to 2.25.
417 L<bignum> has been upgraded from version 0.42 to 0.47.
421 L<Carp> has been upgraded from version 1.40 to 1.42.
425 L<charnames> has been upgraded from version 1.43 to 1.44.
429 L<Compress::Raw::Bzip2> has been upgraded from version 2.069 to 2.074.
433 L<Compress::Raw::Zlib> has been upgraded from version 2.069 to 2.074.
437 L<Config::Perl::V> has been upgraded from version 0.25 to 0.28.
441 L<CPAN> has been upgraded from version 2.11 to 2.18.
445 L<CPAN::Meta> has been upgraded from version 2.150005 to 2.150010.
449 L<Data::Dumper> has been upgraded from version 2.160 to 2.167.
451 The XS implementation now supports Deparse.
453 This fixes a stack management bug. [perl #130487].
457 L<DB_File> has been upgraded from version 1.835 to 1.840.
461 L<Devel::Peek> has been upgraded from version 1.23 to 1.26.
465 L<Devel::PPPort> has been upgraded from version 3.32 to 3.35.
469 L<Devel::SelfStubber> has been upgraded from version 1.05 to 1.06.
471 It now uses 3-arg C<open()> instead of 2-arg C<open()>. [perl #130122]
475 L<diagnostics> has been upgraded from version 1.34 to 1.36.
477 It now uses 3-arg C<open()> instead of 2-arg C<open()>. [perl #130122]
481 L<Digest> has been upgraded from version 1.17 to 1.17_01.
485 L<Digest::MD5> has been upgraded from version 2.54 to 2.55.
489 L<Digest::SHA> has been upgraded from version 5.95 to 5.96.
493 L<DynaLoader> has been upgraded from version 1.38 to 1.42.
497 L<Encode> has been upgraded from version 2.80 to 2.88.
501 L<encoding> has been upgraded from version 2.17 to 2.19.
503 This module's default mode is no longer supported as of Perl 5.25.3. It now
504 dies when imported, unless the C<Filter> option is being used.
508 L<encoding::warnings> has been upgraded from version 0.12 to 0.13.
510 This module is no longer supported as of Perl 5.25.3. It emits a warning to
511 that effect and then does nothing.
515 L<Errno> has been upgraded from version 1.25 to 1.28.
517 Document that using C<%!> loads Errno for you.
519 It now uses 3-arg C<open()> instead of 2-arg C<open()>. [perl #130122]
523 L<ExtUtils::Embed> has been upgraded from version 1.33 to 1.34.
525 It now uses 3-arg C<open()> instead of 2-arg C<open()>. [perl #130122]
529 L<ExtUtils::MakeMaker> has been upgraded from version 7.10_01 to 7.24.
533 L<ExtUtils::Miniperl> has been upgraded from version 1.05 to 1.06.
537 L<ExtUtils::ParseXS> has been upgraded from version 3.31 to 3.34.
541 L<ExtUtils::Typemaps> has been upgraded from version 3.31 to 3.34.
545 L<feature> has been upgraded from version 1.42 to 1.47.
547 Fixes the Unicode Bug in the range operator.
551 L<File::Copy> has been upgraded from version 2.31 to 2.32.
555 L<File::Fetch> has been upgraded from version 0.48 to 0.52.
559 L<File::Glob> has been upgraded from version 1.26 to 1.28.
561 Issue a deprecation message for C<File::Glob::glob()>.
565 L<File::Spec> has been upgraded from version 3.63 to 3.67.
569 L<FileHandle> has been upgraded from version 2.02 to 2.03.
573 L<Filter::Simple> has been upgraded from version 0.92 to 0.93.
575 It no longer treats C<no MyFilter> immediately following C<use MyFilter> as
576 end-of-file. [perl #107726]
580 L<Getopt::Long> has been upgraded from version 2.48 to 2.49.
584 L<Getopt::Std> has been upgraded from version 1.11 to 1.12.
588 L<Hash::Util> has been upgraded from version 0.19 to 0.22.
592 L<HTTP::Tiny> has been upgraded from version 0.056 to 0.070.
594 Internal 599-series errors now include the redirect history.
598 L<I18N::LangTags> has been upgraded from version 0.40 to 0.42.
600 It now uses 3-arg C<open()> instead of 2-arg C<open()>. [perl #130122]
604 L<IO> has been upgraded from version 1.36 to 1.38.
608 IO-Compress has been upgraded from version 2.069 to 2.074.
612 L<IO::Socket::IP> has been upgraded from version 0.37 to 0.38.
616 L<IPC::Cmd> has been upgraded from version 0.92 to 0.96.
620 L<IPC::SysV> has been upgraded from version 2.06_01 to 2.07.
624 L<JSON::PP> has been upgraded from version 2.27300 to 2.27400_02.
628 L<lib> has been upgraded from version 0.63 to 0.64.
630 It now uses 3-arg C<open()> instead of 2-arg C<open()>. [perl #130122]
634 L<List::Util> has been upgraded from version 1.42_02 to 1.46_02.
638 L<Locale::Codes> has been upgraded from version 3.37 to 3.42.
642 L<Locale::Maketext> has been upgraded from version 1.26 to 1.28.
646 L<Locale::Maketext::Simple> has been upgraded from version 0.21 to 0.21_01.
650 L<Math::BigInt> has been upgraded from version 1.999715 to 1.999806.
652 There have also been some core customizations.
656 L<Math::BigInt::FastCalc> has been upgraded from version 0.40 to 0.5005.
660 L<Math::BigRat> has been upgraded from version 0.260802 to 0.2611.
664 L<Math::Complex> has been upgraded from version 1.59 to 1.5901.
668 L<Memoize> has been upgraded from version 1.03 to 1.03_01.
672 L<Module::CoreList> has been upgraded from version 5.20170420 to 5.20170520.
676 L<Module::Load::Conditional> has been upgraded from version 0.64 to 0.68.
680 L<Module::Metadata> has been upgraded from version 1.000031 to 1.000033.
684 L<mro> has been upgraded from version 1.18 to 1.20.
688 L<Net::Ping> has been upgraded from version 2.43 to 2.55.
690 IPv6 addresses and C<AF_INET6> sockets are now supported, along with several
693 Remove sudo from 500_ping_icmp.t.
695 Avoid stderr noise in tests
697 Check for echo in new Net::Ping tests.
701 L<NEXT> has been upgraded from version 0.65 to 0.67.
705 L<Opcode> has been upgraded from version 1.34 to 1.39.
709 L<open> has been upgraded from version 1.10 to 1.11.
713 L<OS2::Process> has been upgraded from version 1.11 to 1.12.
715 It now uses 3-arg C<open()> instead of 2-arg C<open()>. [perl #130122]
719 L<overload> has been upgraded from version 1.26 to 1.28.
721 Its compilation speed has been improved slightly.
725 L<parent> has been upgraded from version 0.234 to 0.236.
729 L<perl5db.pl> has been upgraded from version 1.50 to 1.51.
731 Ignore F</dev/tty> on non-Unix systems. [perl #113960]
735 L<Perl::OSType> has been upgraded from version 1.009 to 1.010.
739 L<perlfaq> has been upgraded from version 5.021010 to 5.021011.
743 L<PerlIO> has been upgraded from version 1.09 to 1.10.
747 L<PerlIO::encoding> has been upgraded from version 0.24 to 0.25.
751 L<PerlIO::scalar> has been upgraded from version 0.24 to 0.26.
755 L<Pod::Checker> has been upgraded from version 1.60 to 1.73.
759 L<Pod::Functions> has been upgraded from version 1.10 to 1.11.
763 L<Pod::Html> has been upgraded from version 1.22 to 1.2202.
767 L<Pod::Perldoc> has been upgraded from version 3.25_02 to 3.28.
771 L<Pod::Simple> has been upgraded from version 3.32 to 3.35.
775 L<Pod::Usage> has been upgraded from version 1.68 to 1.69.
779 L<POSIX> has been upgraded from version 1.65 to 1.76. This remedies several
780 defects in making its symbols exportable. [perl #127821]
781 The C<POSIX::tmpnam()> interface has been removed,
782 see L</"POSIX::tmpnam() has been removed">.
783 Trying to import POSIX subs that have no real implementations
784 (like C<POSIX::atend()>) now fails at import time, instead of
785 waiting until runtime.
789 L<re> has been upgraded from version 0.32 to 0.34
791 This adds support for the new L<C<E<47>xx>|perlre/E<sol>x and E<sol>xx>
792 regular expression pattern modifier, and a change to the L<S<C<use re
793 'strict'>>|re/'strict' mode> experimental feature. When S<C<re
794 'strict'>> is enabled, a warning now will be generated for all
795 unescaped uses of the two characters C<}> and C<]> in regular
796 expression patterns (outside bracketed character classes) that are taken
797 literally. This brings them more in line with the C<)> character which
798 is always a metacharacter unless escaped. Being a metacharacter only
799 sometimes, depending on action at a distance, can lead to silently
800 having the pattern mean something quite different than was intended,
801 which the S<C<re 'strict'>> mode is intended to minimize.
805 L<Safe> has been upgraded from version 2.39 to 2.40.
809 L<Scalar::Util> has been upgraded from version 1.42_02 to 1.46_02.
813 L<Storable> has been upgraded from version 2.56 to 2.62.
815 Fixes [perl #130098].
819 L<Symbol> has been upgraded from version 1.07 to 1.08.
823 L<Sys::Syslog> has been upgraded from version 0.33 to 0.35.
827 L<Term::ANSIColor> has been upgraded from version 4.04 to 4.06.
831 L<Term::ReadLine> has been upgraded from version 1.15 to 1.16.
833 It now uses 3-arg C<open()> instead of 2-arg C<open()>. [perl #130122]
837 L<Test> has been upgraded from version 1.28 to 1.30.
839 It now uses 3-arg C<open()> instead of 2-arg C<open()>. [perl #130122]
843 L<Test::Harness> has been upgraded from version 3.36 to 3.38.
847 L<Test::Simple> has been upgraded from version 1.001014 to 1.302073.
851 L<Thread::Queue> has been upgraded from version 3.09 to 3.12.
855 L<Thread::Semaphore> has been upgraded from 2.12 to 2.13.
857 Added the C<down_timed> method.
861 L<threads> has been upgraded from version 2.07 to 2.15.
863 Compatibility with 5.8 has been restored.
865 Fixes [perl #130469].
869 L<threads::shared> has been upgraded from version 1.51 to 1.56.
871 This fixes [cpan #119529], [perl #130457]
875 L<Tie::Hash::NamedCapture> has been upgraded from version 0.09 to 0.10.
879 L<Time::HiRes> has been upgraded from version 1.9733 to 1.9741.
881 It now builds on systems with C++11 compilers (such as G++ 6 and Clang++
884 Now uses C<clockid_t>.
888 L<Time::Local> has been upgraded from version 1.2300 to 1.25.
892 L<Unicode::Collate> has been upgraded from version 1.14 to 1.19.
896 L<Unicode::UCD> has been upgraded from version 0.64 to 0.68.
898 It now uses 3-arg C<open()> instead of 2-arg C<open()>. [perl #130122]
902 L<version> has been upgraded from version 0.9916 to 0.9917.
906 L<VMS::DCLsym> has been upgraded from version 1.06 to 1.08.
908 It now uses 3-arg C<open()> instead of 2-arg C<open()>. [perl #130122]
912 L<warnings> has been upgraded from version 1.36 to 1.37.
916 L<XS::Typemap> has been upgraded from version 0.14 to 0.15.
920 L<XSLoader> has been upgraded from version 0.21 to 0.27.
922 Fixed a security hole in which binary files could be loaded from a path
923 outside of L<C<@INC>|perlvar/@INC>.
925 It now uses 3-arg C<open()> instead of 2-arg C<open()>. [perl #130122]
931 =head2 New Documentation
933 =head3 L<perldeprecation>
935 This file documents all upcoming deprecations, and some of the deprecations
936 which already have been removed. The purpose of this documentation is
937 two-fold: document what will disappear, and by which version, and serve
938 as a guide for people dealing with code which has features that no longer
939 work after an upgrade of their perl.
941 =head2 Changes to Existing Documentation
949 Use of unassigned code point or non-standalone grapheme for a delimiter will be a fatal error starting in Perl 5.30
951 This was changed to drop a leading C<v> in C<v5.30>, so it uses the same
952 style as other deprecation messages.
956 "\c%c" is more clearly written simply as "%s".
958 It was decided to undeprecate the use of C<\c%c>, see L<http://www.nntp.perl.org/group/perl.perl5.porters/2017/02/msg242944.html>
962 Removed redundant C<dSP> from an example.
966 =head3 L<perlcommunity>
972 All references to Usenet have been removed.
982 Updated documentation of C<scalar(%hash)>. See L</scalar(%hash) return
983 signature changed> above.
987 Use of single character variables, with the variable name a non printable
988 character in the range C<\x80>-C<\xFF> is no longer allowed. Update the docs to
999 All references to Usenet have been removed.
1009 Deprecations are to be marked with a D.
1010 C<"%s() is deprecated on :utf8 handles"> use a deprecation message, and as
1011 such, such be marked C<"(D deprecated)"> and not C<"(W deprecated)">.
1015 =head3 L<perlexperiment>
1021 Documented new feature: See L</Declaring a reference to a variable> above.
1031 Defined on aggregates is no longer allowed. Perlfunc was still reporting it as
1032 deprecated, and that it will be deleted in the future.
1036 Clarified documentation of L<C<seek()>|perlfunc/seek>,
1037 L<C<tell()>|perlfunc/tell> and L<C<sysseek()>|perlfunc/sysseek>.
1038 L<[perl #128607]|https://rt.perl.org/Public/Bug/Display.html?id=128607>
1042 Removed obsolete documentation of L<C<study()>|perlfunc/study>.
1052 Add C<pTHX_> to magic method examples.
1062 Document Tab VS Space.
1066 =head3 L<perlinterp>
1072 L<perlinterp> has been expanded to give a more detailed example of how to
1073 hunt around in the parser for how a given operator is handled.
1077 =head3 L<perllocale>
1083 Document C<NUL> collation handling.
1087 Some locales aren't compatible with Perl. Note the potential bad
1088 consequences of using them.
1092 =head3 L<perlmodinstall>
1098 All references to Usenet have been removed.
1102 =head3 L<perlmodlib>
1108 Updated the mirror list.
1112 All references to Usenet have been removed.
1116 =head3 L<perlnewmod>
1122 All references to Usenet have been removed.
1132 Added a section on calling methods using their fully qualified names.
1136 Do not discourage manual @ISA.
1150 Mention C<Moo> more.
1160 Clarify behavior single quote regexps.
1170 Several minor enhancements to the documentation.
1180 Fixed link to Crosby paper on hash complexity attack.
1190 Documented new feature: See L</Declaring a reference to a variable> above.
1200 Updated documentation of C<scalar(%hash)>. See L</scalar(%hash) return
1201 signature changed> above.
1205 =head3 L<perlunicode>
1211 Documented change to C<\p{I<script>}> to now use the improved Script_Extensions
1212 property. See L</Use of \p{script} uses the improved Script_Extensions
1217 Updated the text to correspond with changes in Unicode UTS#18, concerning
1218 regular expressions, and Perl compatibility with what it says.
1228 Removed obsolete documentation of C<${^ENCODING}>. See L</${^ENCODING} has
1229 been removed> above.
1233 Document C<@ISA>. Was documented other places, not not in L<perlvar>.
1239 =head2 New Diagnostics
1247 Since C<.> is now removed from C<@INC> by default, C<do> will now trigger
1248 a warning recommending to fix the C<do> statement:
1250 L<do "%s" failed, '.' is no longer in @INC|perldiag/do "%s" failed, '.' is no longer in @INC; did you mean do ".E<sol>%s"?>
1254 Using the empty pattern (which re-executes the last successfully-matched
1255 pattern) inside a code block in another regex, as in C</(?{ s!!new! })/>, has
1256 always previously yielded a segfault. It now produces an error:
1257 L<Infinite recursion in regex|perldiag/"Infinite recursion in regex">.
1261 L<The experimental declared_refs feature is not enabled|perldiag/"The experimental declared_refs feature is not enabled">
1263 (F) To declare references to variables, as in C<my \%x>, you must first enable
1266 no warnings "experimental::declared_refs";
1267 use feature "declared_refs";
1271 L<Version control conflict marker|perldiag/"Version control conflict marker">
1273 (F) The parser found a line starting with C<E<lt>E<lt>E<lt>E<lt>E<lt>E<lt>E<lt>>,
1274 C<E<gt>E<gt>E<gt>E<gt>E<gt>E<gt>E<gt>>, or C<=======>. These may be left by a
1275 version control system to mark conflicts after a failed merge operation.
1279 L<%s: command not found|perldiag/"%s: command not found">
1281 (A) You've accidentally run your script through B<bash> or another shell
1282 instead of Perl. Check the #! line, or manually feed your script into
1283 Perl yourself. The #! line at the top of your file could look like:
1289 L<%s: command not found: %s|perldiag/"%s: command not found: %s">
1291 (A) You've accidentally run your script through B<zsh> or another shell
1292 instead of Perl. Check the #! line, or manually feed your script into
1293 Perl yourself. The #! line at the top of your file could look like:
1299 L<Unescaped left brace in regex is deprecated here (and will be fatal in Perl 5.30), passed through in regex; marked by S<E<lt>-- HERE> in mE<sol>%sE<sol>|perldiag/"Unescaped left brace in regex is deprecated here (and will be fatal in Perl 5.30), passed through in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/">
1301 Unescaped left braces are already illegal in some contexts in regular
1302 expression patterns, but, due to an oversight, no deprecation warning
1303 was raised in other contexts where they are intended to become illegal.
1304 This warning is now raised in these contexts.
1308 L<Bareword in require contains "%s"|perldiag/"Bareword in require contains "%s"">
1312 L<Bareword in require maps to empty filename|perldiag/"Bareword in require maps to empty filename">
1316 L<Bareword in require maps to disallowed filename "%s"|perldiag/"Bareword in require maps to disallowed filename "%s"">
1320 L<Bareword in require must not start with a double-colon: "%s"|perldiag/"Bareword in require must not start with a double-colon: "%s"">
1330 L<Use of unassigned code point or non-standalone grapheme for a delimiter will be a fatal error starting in Perl 5.30|perldiag/"Use of unassigned code point or non-standalone grapheme for a delimiter will be a fatal error starting in Perl 5.30">
1332 See L</Deprecations>
1336 L<Declaring references is experimental|perldiag/"Declaring references is experimental">
1338 (S experimental::declared_refs) This warning is emitted if you use a reference
1339 constructor on the right-hand side of C<my()>, C<state()>, C<our()>, or
1340 C<local()>. Simply suppress the warning if you want to use the feature, but
1341 know that in doing so you are taking the risk of using an experimental feature
1342 which may change or be removed in a future Perl version:
1344 no warnings "experimental::declared_refs";
1345 use feature "declared_refs";
1350 L<C<${^ENCODING}> is no longer supported. Its use will be fatal in Perl 5.28|perldiag/"${^ENCODING} is no longer supported. Its use will be fatal in Perl 5.28">
1352 (D deprecated) The special variable C<${^ENCODING}>, formerly used to implement
1353 the C<encoding> pragma, is no longer supported as of Perl 5.26.0.
1357 =head2 Changes to Existing Diagnostics
1363 When a C<require> fails, we now do not provide C<@INC> when the C<require>
1364 is for a file instead of a module.
1368 When C<@INC> is not scanned for a C<require> call, we no longer display
1369 C<@INC> to avoid confusion.
1373 Attribute "locked" is deprecated, and will disappear in Perl 5.28
1377 Attribute "unique" is deprecated, and will disappear in Perl 5.28
1381 Constants from lexical variables potentially modified elsewhere are
1382 deprecated. This will not be allowed in Perl 5.32
1386 Deprecated use of my() in false conditional. This will be a fatal error
1391 dump() better written as CORE::dump(). dump() will no longer be available
1396 ${^ENCODING} is no longer supported. Its use will be fatal in Perl 5.28
1400 File::Glob::glob() will disappear in perl 5.30. Use File::Glob::bsd_glob()
1405 %s() is deprecated on :utf8 handles. This will be a fatal error in Perl 5.30
1409 $* is no longer supported. Its use will be fatal in Perl 5.30
1413 $* is no longer supported. Its use will be fatal in Perl 5.30
1417 Opening dirhandle %s also as a file. This will be a fatal error in Perl 5.28
1421 Opening filehandle %s also as a directory. This will be a fatal
1426 Setting $/ to a reference to %s as a form of slurp is deprecated,
1427 treating as undef. This will be fatal in Perl 5.28
1431 Unescaped left brace in regex is deprecated here (and will be fatal
1432 in Perl 5.30), passed through in regex; marked by S<< E<lt>-- HERE >> in m/%s/
1436 Unknown charname '' is deprecated. Its use will be fatal in Perl 5.28
1440 Use of bare E<lt>E<lt> to mean E<lt>E<lt>"" is deprecated. Its use will be fatal in Perl 5.28
1444 Use of code point 0x%s is deprecated; the permissible max is 0x%s.
1445 This will be fatal in Perl 5.28
1449 Use of comma-less variable list is deprecated. Its use will be fatal
1454 Use of inherited AUTOLOAD for non-method %s() is deprecated. This
1455 will be fatal in Perl 5.28
1459 Use of strings with code points over 0xFF as arguments to %s operator
1460 is deprecated. This will be a fatal error in Perl 5.28
1464 Improve error for missing tie() package/method. This brings the error messages
1465 in line with the ones used for normal method calls, despite not using
1470 Make the sysread()/syswrite/() etc :utf8 handle warnings default. These
1471 warnings were under 'deprecated' previously.
1475 'do' errors now refer to 'do' (not 'require').
1479 Details as to the exact problem have been added to the diagnostics that
1480 occur when malformed UTF-8 is encountered when trying to convert to a
1485 Executing C<undef $x> where C<$x> is tied or magical no longer incorrectly
1486 blames the variable for an uninitialized-value warning encountered by the
1491 L<Unescaped left brace in regex is illegal here in regex; marked by S<E<lt>-- HERE> in mE<sol>%sE<sol>|perldiag/"Unescaped left brace in regex is illegal here in regex; marked by S<<-- HERE> in m/%s/">
1493 The word "here" has been added to the message that was raised in
1494 v5.25.1. This is to indicate that there are contexts in which unescaped
1495 left braces are not (yet) illegal.
1499 Code like C<$x = $x . "a"> was incorrectly failing to yield a
1500 L<use of uninitialized value|perldiag/"Use of uninitialized value%s">
1501 warning when C<$x> was a lexical variable with an undefined value. That has
1502 now been fixed. [perl #127877]
1506 When the error "Experimental push on scalar is now forbidden" is raised for
1507 the hash functions C<keys>, C<each>, and C<values>, it is now followed by
1508 the more helpful message, "Type of arg 1 to whatever must be hash or
1509 array". [perl #127976]
1513 C<undef *_; shift> or C<undef *_; pop> inside a subroutine, with no
1514 argument to C<shift> or C<pop>, began crashing in Perl 5.14.0, but has now
1519 C<< "string$scalar-E<gt>$*" >> now correctly prefers concat overloading to
1520 string overloading if C<< $scalar-E<gt>$* >> returns an overloaded object,
1521 bringing it into consistency with C<$$scalar>.
1525 C<< /@0{0*-E<gt>@*/*0 >> and similar contortions used to crash, but no longer
1526 do, but merely produce a syntax error. [perl #128171]
1530 C<do> or C<require> with a reference or typeglob which, when stringified,
1531 contains a null character started crashing in Perl 5.20.0, but has now been
1532 fixed. [perl #128182]
1536 =head1 Utility Changes
1538 =head2 F<c2ph> and F<pstruct>
1544 These old utilities have long since superceded by L<h2xs>, and are
1545 now gone from the distribution.
1549 =head2 F<Porting/pod_lib.pl>
1555 Removed spurious executable bit.
1559 Account for possibility of DOS file endings.
1563 =head2 F<Porting/sync-with-cpan>
1573 =head2 F<perf/benchmarks>
1579 Tidy file, rename some symbols.
1583 =head2 F<Porting/checkAUTHORS.pl>
1589 Replace obscure character range with \w.
1593 =head2 F<t/porting/regen.t>
1599 try to be more helpful when tests fail.
1603 =head2 F<utils/h2xs.PL>
1609 Avoid infinite loop for enums.
1619 Long lines in the message body are now wrapped at 900 characters, to stay
1620 well within the 1000-character limit imposed by SMTP mail transfer agents.
1621 This is particularly likely to be important for the list of arguments to
1622 C<Configure>, which can readily exceed the limit if, for example, it names
1623 several non-default installation paths. This change also adds the first unit
1624 tests for perlbug. [perl #128020]
1628 =head1 Configuration and Compilation
1634 C<DEFAULT_INC_EXCLUDES_DOT> has been turned on as default.
1638 The C<dtrace> build process has further changes:
1644 If the C<-xnolibs> is available, use that so a F<dtrace> perl can be
1645 built within a FreeBSD jail.
1649 On systems that build a dtrace object file (FreeBSD, Solaris and
1650 SystemTap's dtrace emulation), copy the input objects to a separate
1651 directory and process them there, and use those objects in the link,
1652 since C<dtrace -G> also modifies these objects.
1656 Add libelf to the build on FreeBSD 10.x, since dtrace adds references
1661 Generate a dummy dtrace_main.o if C<dtrace -G> fails to build it. A
1662 default build on Solaris generates probes from the unused inline
1663 functions, while they don't on FreeBSD, which causes C<dtrace -G> to
1672 You can now disable perl's use of the PERL_HASH_SEED and
1673 PERL_PERTURB_KEYS environment variables by configuring perl with
1674 C<-Accflags=NO_PERL_HASH_ENV>.
1678 You can now disable perl's use of the PERL_HASH_SEED_DEBUG environment
1679 variable by configuring perl with
1680 C<-Accflags=-DNO_PERL_HASH_SEED_DEBUG>.
1684 Zero out the alignment bytes when calculating the bytes for 80-bit C<NaN>
1685 and C<Inf> to make builds more reproducible. [perl #130133]
1689 Since 5.18 for testing purposes we have included support for
1690 building perl with a variety of non-standard, and non-recommended
1691 hash functions. Since we do not recommend the use of these functions
1692 we have removed them and their corresponding build options. Specifically
1693 this includes the following build options:
1697 PERL_HASH_FUNC_SUPERFAST
1698 PERL_HASH_FUNC_MURMUR3
1699 PERL_HASH_FUNC_ONE_AT_A_TIME
1700 PERL_HASH_FUNC_ONE_AT_A_TIME_OLD
1701 PERL_HASH_FUNC_MURMUR_HASH_64A
1702 PERL_HASH_FUNC_MURMUR_HASH_64B
1706 Remove "Warning: perl appears in your path"
1708 This install warning is more or less obsolete, since most platforms already
1709 *will* have a /usr/bin/perl or similar provided by the OS.
1713 Reduce verbosity of "make install.man"
1715 Previously, two progress messages were emitted for each manpage: one by
1716 installman itself, and one by the function in install_lib.pl that it calls to
1717 actually install the file. Disabling the second of those in each case saves
1718 over 750 lines of unhelpful output.
1722 Cleanup for clang -Weverything support. [perl 129961]
1726 Configure: signbit scan was assuming too much, stop assuming negative 0.
1730 Various compiler warnings have been silenced.
1734 Several smaller changes have been made to remove impediments to compiling under
1739 Builds using C<USE_PAD_RESET> now work again; this configuration had
1744 A probe for C<gai_strerror> was added to F<Configure> that checks if the
1745 the gai_strerror() routine is available and can be used to
1746 translate error codes returned by getaddrinfo() into human
1751 F<Configure> now aborts if both "-Duselongdouble" and "-Dusequadmath" are
1753 L<[perl #126203]|https://rt.perl.org/Public/Bug/Display.html?id=126203>
1757 Fixed a bug in which F<Configure> could append "-quadmath" to the archname even
1758 if it was already present.
1759 L<[perl #128538]|https://rt.perl.org/Public/Bug/Display.html?id=128538>
1763 Clang builds with "-DPERL_GLOBAL_STRUCT" or "-DPERL_GLOBAL_STRUCT_PRIVATE" have
1764 been fixed (by disabling Thread Safety Analysis for these configurations).
1768 F<make_ext.pl> no longer updates a module's F<pm_to_blib> file when no
1769 files require updates. This could cause dependencies, F<perlmain.c>
1770 in particular, to be rebuilt unnecessarily. [perl #126710]
1774 The output of C<perl -V> has been reformatted so that each configuration
1775 and compile-time option is now listed one per line, to improve
1780 C<Configure> now builds C<miniperl> and C<generate_uudmap> if you
1781 invoke it with C<-Dusecrosscompiler> but not C<-Dtargethost=somehost>.
1782 This means you can supply your target platform C<config.sh>, generate
1783 the headers and proceed to build your cross-target perl. [perl #127234]
1787 Builds with C<-Accflags=-DPERL_TRACE_OPS> now only dump the operator
1788 counts when the environment variable C<PERL_TRACE_OPS> to be set to a
1789 non-zero integer. This allows C<make test> to pass on such a build.
1793 When building with GCC 6 and link-time optimization (the C<-flto> option to
1794 C<gcc>), C<Configure> was treating all probed symbols as present on the
1795 system, regardless of whether they actually exist. This has been fixed.
1800 The F<t/test.pl> library is used for internal testing of Perl itself, and
1801 also copied by several CPAN modules. Some of those modules must work on
1802 older versions of Perl, so F<t/test.pl> must in turn avoid newer Perl
1803 features. Compatibility with Perl 5.8 was inadvertently removed some time
1804 ago; it has now been restored. [perl #128052]
1808 The build process no longer emits an extra blank line before building each
1809 "simple" extension (those with only F<*.pm> and F<*.pod> files).
1819 F<XS-APItest/t/utf8.t>: Several small fixes and enhancements.
1823 Tests for locales were erroneously using locales incompatible with Perl.
1827 Some parts of the test suite that try to exhaustively test edge cases in the
1828 regex implementation have been restricted to running for a maximum of five
1829 minutes. On slow systems they could otherwise take several hours, without
1830 significantly improving our understanding of the correctness of the code
1833 In addition, some of those test cases have been split into more files, to
1834 allow them to be run in parallel on suitable systems.
1838 A new internal facility allows analysing the time taken by the individual
1839 tests in Perl's own test suite; see F<Porting/harness-timer-report.pl>.
1843 F<t/re/regexp_nonull.t> has been added to test that the regular expression
1844 engine can handle scalars that do not have a null byte just past the end of
1849 A new test script, F<t/op/decl-refs.t>, has been added to test the new feature,
1850 "Declaring a reference to a variable".
1854 A new test script, F<t/re/anyof.t>, has been added to test that the ANYOF nodes
1855 generated by bracketed character classes are as expected.
1859 F<t/harness> now tries really hard not to run tests outside of the Perl
1860 source tree. [perl #124050]
1864 =head1 Platform Support
1866 =head2 New Platforms
1872 Perl now compiles under NetBSD on VAX machines. However, it's not
1873 possible for that platform to implement floating-point infinities and
1874 NaNs compatibly with most modern systems, which implement the IEEE-754
1875 floating point standard. The hexadecimal floating point (C<0x...p[+-]n>
1876 literals, C<printf %a>) is not implemented, either.
1877 The C<make test> passes 98% of tests.
1883 Test fixes and minor updates.
1887 Account for lack of C<inf>, C<nan>, and C<-0.0> support.
1893 =head2 Platform-Specific Notes
1899 don't treat -Dprefix=/usr as special, instead require an extra option
1900 -Ddarwin_distribution to produce the same results.
1904 Finish removing POSIX deprecated functions.
1908 OS X El Capitan doesn't implement the clock_gettime() or clock_getres() APIs,
1909 emulate them as necessary.
1913 Deprecated syscall(2) on macOS 10.12.
1917 Several tests have been updated to work (or be skipped) on EBCDIC platforms.
1921 L<Net::Ping> UDP test is skipped on HP-UX.
1925 The hints for Hurd have been improved enabling malloc wrap and reporting the
1926 GNU libc used (previously it was an empty string when reported).
1930 VAX floating point formats are now supported.
1938 The path separator for the C<PERL5LIB> and C<PERLLIB> environment entries is
1939 now a colon (C<:>) when running under a Unix shell. There is no change when
1940 running under DCL (it's still C<|>).
1944 Remove some VMS-specific hacks from C<showlex.t>. These were added 15 years
1945 ago, and are no longer necessary for any VMS version now supported.
1949 Move C<_pDEPTH> and C<_aDEPTH> after F<config.h> otherwise DEBUGGING
1950 may not be defined yet.
1954 VAXC has not been a possibility for a good long while, and the versions of the
1955 DEC/Compaq/HP/VSI C compiler that report themselves as "DEC" in a listing file
1956 are 15 years or more out-of-date and can be safely desupported.
1966 Support for compiling perl on Windows using Microsoft Visual Studio 2015
1967 (containing Visual C++ 14.0) has been added.
1969 This version of VC++ includes a completely rewritten C run-time library, some
1970 of the changes in which mean that work done to resolve a socket close() bug in
1971 perl #120091 and perl #118059 is not workable in its current state with this
1972 version of VC++. Therefore, we have effectively reverted that bug fix for
1973 VS2015 onwards on the basis that being able to build with VS2015 onwards is
1974 more important than keeping the bug fix. We may revisit this in the future to
1975 attempt to fix the bug again in a way that is compatible with VS2015.
1977 These changes do not affect compilation with GCC or with Visual Studio versions
1978 up to and including VS2013, i.e. the bug fix is retained (unchanged) for those
1981 Note that you may experience compatibility problems if you mix a perl built
1982 with GCC or VS E<lt>= VS2013 with XS modules built with VS2015, or if you mix a
1983 perl built with VS2015 with XS modules built with GCC or VS E<lt>= VS2013.
1984 Some incompatibility may arise because of the bug fix that has been reverted
1985 for VS2015 builds of perl, but there may well be incompatibility anyway because
1986 of the rewritten CRT in VS2015 (e.g. see discussion at
1987 http://stackoverflow.com/questions/30412951).
1997 Tweaks for Win32 VC vs GCC detection makefile code. This fixes issue that CCHOME
1998 depends on CCTYPE, which in auto detect mode is set after CCHOME, so CCHOME uses
1999 the uninit CCTYPE var. Also fix else vs .ELSE in makefile.mk
2003 fp definitions have been updated.
2009 Fix some breakage, add 'undef' value for default_inc_excludes_dot in build
2014 Drop support for Linux a.out Linux has used ELF for over twenty years.
2018 OpenBSD 6 still does not support returning pid, gid or uid with SA_SIGINFO.
2019 Make sure this is accounted for.
2023 t/uni/overload.t: Skip hanging test on FreeBSD.
2027 =head1 Internal Changes
2033 The C<op_class()> API function has been added. This is like the existing
2034 C<OP_CLASS()> macro, but can more accurately determine what struct an op
2035 has been allocated as. For example C<OP_CLASS()> might return
2036 C<OA_BASEOP_OR_UNOP> indicating that ops of this type are usually
2037 allocated as an C<OP> or C<UNOP>; while C<op_class()> will return
2038 C<OPclass_BASEOP> or C<OPclass_UNOP> as appropriate.
2042 The output format of the C<op_dump()> function (as used by C<perl -Dx>)
2043 has changed: it now displays an "ASCII-art" tree structure, and shows more
2044 low-level details about each op, such as its address and class.
2048 New versions of macros like C<isALPHA_utf8> and C<toLOWER_utf8> have
2049 been added, each with the
2050 suffix C<_safe>, like C<isSPACE_utf8_safe>. These take an extra
2051 parameter, giving an upper limit of how far into the string it is safe
2052 to read. Using the old versions could cause attempts to read beyond the
2053 end of the input buffer if the UTF-8 is not well-formed, and their use
2054 now raises a deprecation warning. Details are at
2055 L<perlapi/Character classification>.
2059 Calling macros like C<isALPHA_utf8> on malformed UTF-8 have issued a
2060 deprecation warning since Perl v5.18. They now die.
2061 Similarly, macros like C<toLOWER_utf8> on malformed UTF-8 now die.
2065 Calling the functions C<utf8n_to_uvchr> and its derivatives, while
2066 passing a string length of 0 is now asserted against in DEBUGGING
2067 builds, and otherwise returns the Unicode REPLACEMENT CHARACTER. If
2068 you have nothing to decode, you shouldn't call the decode function.
2072 The functions C<utf8n_to_uvchr> and its derivatives now return the
2073 Unicode REPLACEMENT CHARACTER if called with UTF-8 that has the overlong
2074 malformation, and that malformation is allowed by the input parameters.
2075 This malformation is where the UTF-8 looks valid syntactically, but
2076 there is a shorter sequence that yields the same code point. This has
2077 been forbidden since Unicode version 3.1.
2081 The functions C<utf8n_to_uvchr> and its derivatives now accept an input
2082 flag to allow the overflow malformation. This malformation is when the
2083 UTF-8 may be syntactically valid, but the code point it represents is
2084 not capable of being represented in the word length on the platform.
2085 What "allowed" means in this case is that the function doesn't return an
2086 error, and advances the parse pointer to beyond the UTF-8 in question,
2087 but it returns the Unicode REPLACEMENT CHARACTER as the value of the
2088 code point (since the real value is not representable).
2092 The C<PADOFFSET> type has changed from being unsigned to signed, and
2093 several pad-related variables such as C<PL_padix> have changed from being
2094 of type C<I32> to type C<PADOFFSET>.
2098 The function C<L<perlapi/utf8n_to_uvchr>> has been changed to not
2099 abandon searching for other malformations when the first one is
2100 encountered. A call to it thus can generate multiple diagnostics,
2101 instead of just one.
2105 A new function, C<L<perlapi/utf8n_to_uvchr_error>>, has been added for
2106 use by modules that need to know the details of UTF-8 malformations
2107 beyond pass/fail. Previously, the only ways to know why a sequence was
2108 ill-formed was to capture and parse the generated diagnostics, or to do
2113 Several new functions for handling Unicode have been added to the API:
2114 C<L<perlapi/is_strict_utf8_string>>,
2115 C<L<perlapi/is_c9strict_utf8_string>>,
2116 C<L<perlapi/is_utf8_string_flags>>,
2117 C<L<perlapi/is_strict_utf8_string_loc>>,
2118 C<L<perlapi/is_strict_utf8_string_loclen>>,
2119 C<L<perlapi/is_c9strict_utf8_string_loc>>,
2120 C<L<perlapi/is_c9strict_utf8_string_loclen>>,
2121 C<L<perlapi/is_utf8_string_loc_flags>>,
2122 C<L<perlapi/is_utf8_string_loclen_flags>>,
2123 C<L<perlapi/is_utf8_fixed_width_buf_flags>>,
2124 C<L<perlapi/is_utf8_fixed_width_buf_loc_flags>>,
2125 C<L<perlapi/is_utf8_fixed_width_buf_loclen_flags>>.
2127 These functions are all extensions of the C<is_utf8_string_*()> functions,
2128 that apply various restrictions to the UTF-8 recognized as valid.
2132 A new API function C<sv_setvpv_bufsize()> allows simultaneously setting the
2133 length and allocated size of the buffer in an C<SV>, growing the buffer if
2138 A new API macro C<SvPVCLEAR()> sets its C<SV> argument to an empty string,
2139 like Perl-space C<$x = ''>, but with several optimisations.
2143 All parts of the internals now agree that the C<sassign> op is a C<BINOP>;
2144 previously it was listed as a C<BASEOP> in F<regen/opcodes>, which meant
2145 that several parts of the internals had to be special-cased to accommodate
2146 it. This oddity's original motivation was to handle code like C<$x ||= 1>;
2147 that is now handled in a simpler way.
2151 Several new internal C macros have been added that take a string literal as
2152 arguments, alongside existing routines that take the equivalent value as two
2153 arguments, a character pointer and a length. The advantage of this is that
2154 the length of the string is calculated automatically, rather than having to
2155 be done manually. These routines are now used where appropriate across the
2160 The code in F<gv.c> that determines whether a variable has a special meaning
2161 to Perl has been simplified.
2165 The C<DEBUGGING>-mode output for regex compilation and execution has been
2170 Several macros and functions have been added to the public API for
2171 dealing with Unicode and UTF-8-encoded strings. See
2172 L<perlapi/Unicode Support>.
2176 Use C<my_strlcat()> in C<locale.c>. While C<strcat()> is safe in this context,
2177 some compilers were optimizing this to C<strcpy()> causing a porting test to
2178 fail that looks for unsafe code. Rather than fighting this, we just use
2179 C<my_strlcat()> instead.
2183 Three new ops, C<OP_ARGELEM>, C<OP_ARGDEFELEM> and C<OP_ARGCHECK> have
2184 been added. These are intended principally to implement the individual
2185 elements of a subroutine signature, plus any overall checking required.
2189 Perl no longer panics when switching into some locales on machines with
2190 buggy C<strxfrm()> implementations in their libc. [perl #121734]
2194 Perl is now built with the C<PERL_OP_PARENT> compiler define enabled by
2195 default. To disable it, use the C<PERL_NO_OP_PARENT> compiler define.
2196 This flag alters how the C<op_sibling> field is used in C<OP> structures,
2197 and has been available optionally since perl 5.22.0.
2199 See L<perl5220delta/"Internal Changes"> for more details of what this
2204 The meanings of some internal SV flags have been changed
2206 OPpRUNTIME, SVpbm_VALID, SVpbm_TAIL, SvTAIL_on, SvTAIL_off, SVrepl_EVAL,
2211 Change C<hv_fetch(…, "…", …, …)> to C<hv_fetchs(…, "…", …)>
2213 The dual-life dists all use Devel::PPPort, so they can use this function even
2214 though it was only added in 5.10.
2218 =head1 Selected Bug Fixes
2224 C< $-{$name} > would leak an C<AV> on each access if the regular
2225 expression had no named captures. The same applies to access to any
2226 hash tied with L<Tie::Hash::NamedCapture> and C<< all =E<gt> 1 >>. [perl
2231 Attempting to use the deprecated variable C<$#> as the object in an
2232 indirect object method call could cause a heap use after free or
2233 buffer overflow. [perl #129274]
2237 When checking for an indirect object method call in some rare cases
2238 the parser could reallocate the line buffer but then continue to use
2239 pointers to the old buffer. [perl #129190]
2243 Supplying a glob as the format argument to L<perlfunc/formline> would
2244 cause an assertion failure. [perl #130722]
2248 Code like C< $value1 =~ qr/.../ ~~ $value2 > would have the match
2249 converted into a qr// operator, leaving extra elements on the stack to
2250 confuse any surrounding expression. [perl #130705]
2254 Since 5.24.0 in some obscure cases, a regex which included code blocks
2255 from multiple sources (e.g. via embedded via qr// objects) could end up
2256 with the wrong current pad and crash or give weird results. [perl #129881]
2260 Occasionally C<local()>s in a code block within a patterns weren't being
2261 undone when the pattern matching backtracked over the code block.
2266 Using C<substr()> to modify a magic variable could access freed memory
2267 in some cases. [perl #129340]
2271 Perl 5.25.9 was fixed so that under C<use utf8>, the entire Perl program
2272 is checked that the UTF-8 is wellformed. It turns out that several edge
2273 cases were missed, and are now fixed. [perl #126310] was the original
2278 Under C<use utf8>, the entire Perl program is now checked that the UTF-8
2279 is wellformed. This resolves [perl #126310].
2283 The range operator C<..> on strings now handles its arguments correctly when in
2284 the scope of the L<< C<unicode_strings>|feature/"The 'unicode_strings' feature" >>
2285 feature. The previous behaviour was sufficiently unexpected that we believe no
2286 correct program could have made use of it.
2290 The S<split> operator did not ensure enough space was allocated for
2291 its return value in scalar context. It could then write a single
2292 pointer immediately beyond the end of the memory block allocated for
2293 the stack. [perl #130262]
2297 Using a large code point with the C<W> pack template character with
2298 the current output position aligned at just the right point could
2299 cause a write a single zero byte immediately beyond the end of an
2300 allocated buffer. [perl #129149]
2304 Supplying the form picture argument as part of the form argument list
2305 where the picture specifies modifying the argument could cause an
2306 access to the new freed compiled form. [perl #129125]
2310 Fix a problem with sort's build-in compare, where it would not sort
2311 correctly with 64-bit integers, and non-long doubles. [perl #130335]
2315 Fix issues with /(?{ ... E<lt>E<lt>EOF })/ that broke Method-Signatures. [perl #130398]
2319 Fix a macro which caused syntax error on an EBCDIC build.
2323 Prevent tests from getting hung up on 'NonStop' option. [perl #130445]
2327 Fixed an assertion failure with C<chop> and C<chomp>, which
2328 could be triggered by C<chop(@x =~ tr/1/1/)>. [perl #130198].
2332 Fixed a comment skipping error under C</x>; it could stop skipping a
2333 byte early, which could be in the middle of a UTF-8 character.
2338 F<perldb> now ignores F</dev/tty> on non-Unix systems. [perl #113960];
2342 Fix assertion failure for C<{}-E<gt>$x> when C<$x> isn't defined. [perl #130496].
2346 DragonFly BSD now has support for setproctitle(). [perl #130068].
2350 Fix an assertion error which could be triggered when lookahead string
2351 in patterns exceeded a minimum length. [perl #130522].
2355 Only warn once per literal about a misplaced C<_>. [perl #70878].
2359 Ensure range-start is set after error in C<tr///>. [perl #129342].
2363 Don't read past start of string for unmatched backref; otherwise,
2364 we may have heap buffer overflow. [perl #129377].
2368 Properly recognize mathematical digit ranges starting at U+1D7E.
2369 C<use re 'strict'> is supposed to warn if you use a range whose start
2370 and end digit aren't from the same group of 10. It didn't do that
2371 for five groups of mathematical digits starting at U+1D7E.
2375 A sub containing a "forward" declaration with the same name (e.g.,
2376 C<sub c { sub c; }>) could sometimes crash or loop infinitely. [perl
2381 A crash in executing a regex with a floating UTF-8 substring against a
2382 target string that also used UTF-8 has been fixed. [perl #129350]
2386 Previously, a shebang line like C<#!perl -i u> could be erroneously
2387 interpreted as requesting the C<-u> option. This has been fixed. [perl
2392 The regex engine was previously producing incorrect results in some rare
2393 situations when backtracking past a trie that matches only one thing; this
2394 showed up as capture buffers (C<$1>, C<$2>, etc) erroneously containing data
2395 from regex execution paths that weren't actually executed for the final
2396 match. [perl #129897]
2400 Certain regexes making use of the experimental C<regex_sets> feature could
2401 trigger an assertion failure. This has been fixed. [perl #129322]
2405 Invalid assignments to a reference constructor (e.g., C<\eval=time>) could
2406 sometimes crash in addition to giving a syntax error. [perl #125679]
2410 The parser could sometimes crash if a bareword came after C<evalbytes>.
2415 Autoloading via a method call would warn erroneously ("Use of inherited
2416 AUTOLOAD for non-method") if there was a stub present in the package into
2417 which the invocant had been blessed. The warning is no longer emitted in
2418 such circumstances. [perl #47047]
2422 A sub containing with a "forward" declaration with the same name (e.g.,
2423 C<sub c { sub c; }>) could sometimes crash or loop infinitely. [perl
2428 The use of C<splice> on arrays with nonexistent elements could cause other
2429 operators to crash. [perl #129164]
2433 Fixed case where C<re_untuit_start> will overshoot the length of a utf8
2434 string. [perl #129012]
2438 Handle C<CXt_SUBST> better in C<Perl_deb_stack_all>, previously it wasn't
2439 checking that the I<current> C<cx> is the right type, and instead was always
2440 checking the base C<cx> (effectively a noop). [perl #129029]
2444 Fixed two possible use-after-free bugs in C<Perl_yylex>. C<Perl_yylex>
2445 maintains up to two pointers into the parser buffer, one of which can
2446 become stale under the right conditions. [perl #129069]
2450 Fixed a crash with C<s///l> where it thought it was dealing with UTF-8
2451 when it wasn't. [perl #129038]
2455 Fixed place where regex was not setting the syntax error correctly.
2460 The C<&.> operator (and the C<&> operator, when it treats its arguments as
2461 strings) were failing to append a trailing null byte if at least one string
2462 was marked as utf8 internally. Many code paths (system calls, regexp
2463 compilation) still expect there to be a null byte in the string buffer
2464 just past the end of the logical string. An assertion failure was the
2465 result. [perl #129287]
2469 Check C<pack_sockaddr_un()>'s return value because C<pack_sockaddr_un()>
2470 silently truncates the supplied path if it won't fit into the C<sun_path>
2471 member of C<sockaddr_un>. This may change in the future, but for now
2472 check the path in theC<sockaddr> matches the desired path, and skip if
2473 it doesn't. [perl #128095]
2477 Make sure C<PL_oldoldbufptr> is preserved in C<scan_heredoc()>. In some
2478 cases this is used in building error messages. [perl #128988]
2482 Check for null PL_curcop in IN_LC() [perl #129106]
2486 Fixed the parser error handling for an 'C<:attr(foo>' that does not have
2491 Fix C<Perl_delimcpy()> to handle a backslash as last char, this
2492 actually fixed two bugs, [perl #129064] and [perl #129176].
2496 [perl #129267] rework gv_fetchmethod_pvn_flags separator parsing to
2497 prevent possible string overrun with invalid len in gv.c
2501 Problems with in-place array sorts: code like C<@a = sort { ... } @a>,
2502 where the source and destination of the sort are the same plain array, are
2503 optimised to do less copying around. Two side-effects of this optimisation
2504 were that the contents of C<@a> as visible to to sort routine were
2505 partially sorted, and under some circumstances accessing C<@a> during the
2506 sort could crash the interpreter. Both these issues have been fixed, and
2507 Sort functions see the original value of C<@a>.
2511 Non-ASCII string delimiters are now reported correctly in error messages
2512 for unterminated strings. [perl #128701]
2516 C<pack("p", ...)> used to emit its warning ("Attempt to pack pointer to
2517 temporary value") erroneously in some cases, but has been fixed.
2521 C<@DB::args> is now exempt from "used once" warnings. The warnings only
2522 occurred under B<-w>, because F<warnings.pm> itself uses C<@DB::args>
2527 The use of built-in arrays or hash slices in a double-quoted string no
2528 longer issues a warning ("Possible unintended interpolation...") if the
2529 variable has not been mentioned before. This affected code like
2530 C<qq|@DB::args|> and C<qq|@SIG{'CHLD', 'HUP'}|>. (The special variables
2531 C<@-> and C<@+> were already exempt from the warning.)
2535 C<gethostent> and similar functions now perform a null check internally, to
2536 avoid crashing with torsocks. This was a regression from 5.22. [perl
2541 C<defined *{'!'}>, C<defined *{'['}>, and C<defined *{'-'}> no longer leak
2542 memory if the typeglob in question has never been accessed before.
2546 In 5.25.4 fchown() was changed not to accept negative one as an argument
2547 because in some platforms that is an error. However, in some other platforms
2548 that is an acceptable argument. This change has been reverted [perl #128967].
2552 Mentioning the same constant twice in a row (which is a syntax error) no
2553 longer fails an assertion under debugging builds. This was a regression
2554 from 5.20. [perl #126482]
2558 Many issues relating to C<printf "%a"> of hexadecimal floating point
2559 were fixed. In addition, the "subnormals" (formerly known as "denormals")
2560 floating point anumbers are now supported both with the plain IEEE 754
2561 floating point numbers (64-bit or 128-bit) and the x86 80-bit
2562 "extended precision". Note that subnormal hexadecimal floating
2563 point literals will give a warning about "exponent underflow".
2564 [perl #128843, #128889, #128890, #128893, #128909, #128919]
2568 A regression in 5.24 with C<tr/\N{U+...}/foo/> when the code point was between
2569 128 and 255 has been fixed. [perl #128734].
2573 A regression from the previous development release, 5.23.3, where
2574 compiling a regular expression could crash the interpreter has been
2575 fixed. [perl #128686].
2579 Use of a string delimiter whose code point is above 2**31 now works
2580 correctly on platforms that allow this. Previously, certain characters,
2581 due to truncation, would be confused with other delimiter characters
2582 with special meaning (such as C<?> in C<m?...?>), resulting
2583 in inconsistent behaviour. Note that this is non-portable,
2584 and is based on Perl's extension to UTF-8, and is probably not
2585 displayable nor enterable by any editor. [perl #128738]
2589 C<@{x> followed by a newline where C<x> represents a control or non-ASCII
2590 character no longer produces a garbled syntax error message or a crash.
2595 An assertion failure with C<%: = 0> has been fixed.
2596 L<[perl #128238]|https://rt.perl.org/Public/Bug/Display.html?id=128238>
2600 In Perl 5.18, the parsing of C<"$foo::$bar"> was accidentally changed, such
2601 that it would be treated as C<$foo."::".$bar>. The previous behavior, which
2602 was to parse it as C<$foo:: . $bar>, has been restored.
2603 L<[perl #128478]|https://rt.perl.org/Public/Bug/Display.html?id=128478>
2607 Since Perl 5.20, line numbers have been off by one when perl is invoked with
2608 the B<-x> switch. This has been fixed.
2609 L<[perl #128508]|https://rt.perl.org/Public/Bug/Display.html?id=128508>
2613 Vivifying a subroutine stub in a deleted stash (e.g., C<delete $My::{"Foo::"};
2614 \&My::Foo::foo>) no longer crashes. It had begun crashing in Perl 5.18.
2615 L<[perl #128532]|https://rt.perl.org/Public/Bug/Display.html?id=128532>
2619 Some obscure cases of subroutines and file handles being freed at the same time
2620 could result in crashes, but have been fixed. The crash was introduced in Perl
2622 L<[perl #128597]|https://rt.perl.org/Public/Bug/Display.html?id=128597>
2626 Code that looks for a variable name associated with an uninitialized value
2627 could cause an assertion in cases where magic is involved, such as
2628 C<$ISA[0][0]>. This has now been fixed.
2629 L<[perl #128253]|https://rt.perl.org/Public/Bug/Display.html?id=128253>
2633 A crash caused by code generating the warning "Subroutine STASH::NAME
2634 redefined" in cases such as C<sub P::f{} undef *P::; *P::f =sub{};> has been
2635 fixed. In these cases, where the STASH is missing, the warning will now appear
2636 as "Subroutine NAME redefined".
2637 L<[perl #128257]|https://rt.perl.org/Public/Bug/Display.html?id=128257>
2641 Fixed an assertion triggered by some code that handles deprecated behavior in
2642 formats, e.g. in cases like this:
2648 L<[perl #128255]|https://rt.perl.org/Public/Bug/Display.html?id=128255>
2652 A possible divide by zero in string transformation code on Windows has been
2653 avoided, fixing a crash when collating an empty string.
2654 L<[perl #128618]|https://rt.perl.org/Public/Bug/Display.html?id=128618>
2658 Some regular expression parsing glitches could lead to assertion failures with
2659 regular expressions such as C</(?E<lt>=/> and C</(?E<lt>!/>. This has now been fixed.
2660 L<[perl #128170]|https://rt.perl.org/Public/Bug/Display.html?id=128170>
2664 C< until ($x = 1) { ... } > and C< ... until $x = 1 > now properly
2665 warn when syntax warnings are enabled. [perl #127333]
2669 socket() now leaves the error code returned by the system in C<$!> on
2670 failure. [perl #128316]
2674 Assignment variants of any bitwise ops under the C<bitwise> feature would
2675 crash if the left-hand side was an array or hash. [perl #128204]
2679 C<require> followed by a single colon (as in C<foo() ? require : ...> is
2680 now parsed correctly as C<require> with implicit $_, rather than
2681 C<require "">. [perl #128307]
2685 Scalar C<keys %hash> can now be assigned to consistently in all scalar
2686 lvalue contexts. Previously it worked for some contexts but not others.
2690 List assignment to C<vec> or C<substr> with an array or hash for its first
2691 argument used to result in crashes or "Can't coerce" error messages at run
2692 time, unlike scalar assignment, which would give an error at compile time.
2693 List assignment now gives a compile-time error, too. [perl #128260]
2697 Expressions containing an C<&&> or C<||> operator (or their synonyms C<and>
2698 and C<or>) were being compiled incorrectly in some cases. If the left-hand
2699 side consisted of either a negated bareword constant or a negated C<do {}>
2700 block containing a constant expression, and the right-hand side consisted of
2701 a negated non-foldable expression, one of the negations was effectively
2702 ignored. The same was true of C<if> and C<unless> statement modifiers,
2703 though with the left-hand and right-hand sides swapped. This long-standing
2704 bug has now been fixed. [perl #127952]
2708 C<reset> with an argument no longer crashes when encountering stash entries
2709 other than globs. [perl #128106]
2713 Assignment of hashes to, and deletion of, typeglobs named C<*::::::> no
2714 longer causes crashes. [perl #128086]
2718 Handle SvIMMORTALs in LHS of list assign. [perl #129991]
2722 [perl #130010] a5540cf breaks texinfo
2724 This involved user-defined Unicode properties.
2728 Fix error message for unclosed C<\N{> in regcomp.
2730 An unclosed C<\N{> could give the wrong error message
2731 C<"\N{NAME} must be resolved by the lexer">.
2735 List assignment in list context where the LHS contained aggregates and
2736 where there were not enough RHS elements, used to skip scalar lvalues.
2737 Previously, C<(($a,$b,@c,$d) = (1))> in list context returned C<($a)>; now
2738 it returns C<($a,$b,$d)>. C<(($a,$b,$c) = (1))> is unchanged: it still
2739 returns C<($a,$b,$c)>. This can be seen in the following:
2741 sub inc { $_++ for @_ }
2742 inc(($a,$b,@c,$d) = (10))
2744 Formerly, the values of C<($a,$b,$d)> would be left as C<(11,undef,undef)>;
2745 now they are C<(11,1,1)>.
2751 The basic problem is that code like this: /(?{ s!!! })/ can trigger infinite
2752 recursion on the C stack (not the normal perl stack) when the last successful
2753 pattern in scope is itself. Since the C stack overflows this manifests as an
2754 untrappable error/segfault, which then kills perl.
2756 We avoid the segfault by simply forbidding the use of the empty pattern when it
2757 would resolve to the currently executing pattern.
2761 [perl 128997] Avoid reading beyond the end of the line buffer when there's a
2762 short UTF-8 character at the end.
2766 [perl 129950] fix firstchar bitmap under utf8 with prefix optimisation.
2770 [perl 129954] Carp/t/arg_string.t: be liberal in f/p formats.
2774 [perl 129928] make do "a\0b" fail silently instead of throwing.
2778 [perl 129130] make chdir allocate the stack it needs.
2782 =head1 Known Problems
2788 Some modules have been broken by the L<context stack rework|/Internal Changes>.
2789 These modules were relying on non-guaranteed implementation details in perl.
2790 Their maintainers have been informed, and should contact perl5-porters for
2791 advice if needed. Below is a subset of these modules:
2795 =item * L<Algorithm::Permute>
2799 L<Coro> and perl v5.22.0 were already incompatible due to a change in the perl,
2800 and the reworking on the perl context stack creates a further incompatibility.
2801 perl5-porters has L<discussed the issue on the mailing
2802 list|http://www.nntp.perl.org/group/perl.perl5.porters/2016/05/msg236174.html>.
2804 =item * L<Data::Alias>
2808 =item * L<Scope::Upper>
2816 The module L<lexical::underscore> no longer works on perl v5.24.0, because perl
2817 no longer has a lexical C<$_>!
2821 C<mod_perl> has been patched for compatibility for v5.22.0 and later but no
2822 release has been made. The relevant patch (and other changes) can be found in
2823 their source code repository, L<mirrored at
2824 GitHub|https://github.com/apache/mod_perl/commit/82827132efd3c2e25cc413c85af61bb63375da6e>.
2828 =head1 Errata From Previous Releases
2834 Parsing bad POSIX charclasses no longer leaks memory. This was fixed in Perl
2836 L<[perl #128313]|https://rt.perl.org/Public/Bug/Display.html?id=128313>
2840 Fixed issues with recursive regexes. The behavior was fixed in Perl 5.24.0.
2841 L<[perl #126182]|https://rt.perl.org/Public/Bug/Display.html?id=126182>
2847 Jon Portnoy (AVENJ), a prolific Perl author and admired Gentoo community
2848 member, has passed away on August 10, 2016. He will be remembered and
2849 missed by all those with which he came in contact and enriched with his
2850 intellect, wit, and spirit.
2852 It is with great sadness we also note Kip Hampton's passing.. Probably
2853 best known as the author of the Perl & XML column on XML.com, he was a
2854 core contributor to AxKit, an XML server platform that became an Apache
2855 Foundation project. He was a frequent speaker in the early days at
2856 OSCON, and most recently at YAPC::NA in Madison. He was frequently on
2857 irc.perl.org as `ubu`, generally in the #axkit-dahut community, the
2858 group responsible for YAPC::NA Asheville in 2011.
2860 Kip and his constant contributions to the community will be greatly
2863 =head1 Acknowledgements
2865 Perl 5.26.0 represents approximately 12 months of development since Perl 5.24.0
2866 and contains approximately 370,000 lines of changes across 2,600 files from 86
2869 Excluding auto-generated files, documentation and release tools, there were
2870 approximately 230,000 lines of changes to 1,800 .pm, .t, .c and .h files.
2872 Perl continues to flourish into its third decade thanks to a vibrant community
2873 of users and developers. The following people are known to have contributed the
2874 improvements that became Perl 5.24.1:
2876 Aaron Crane, Abigail, Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason, Alex Vandiver, Andreas
2877 König, Andreas Voegele, Andrew Fresh, Andy Lester, Aristotle Pagaltzis, Chad
2878 Granum, Chase Whitener, Chris 'BinGOs' Williams, Chris Lamb, Christian Hansen,
2879 Christian Millour, Colin Newell, Craig A. Berry, Dagfinn Ilmari Mannsåker, Dan
2880 Collins, Daniel Dragan, Dave Cross, Dave Rolsky, David Golden, David H.
2881 Gutteridge, David Mitchell, Dominic Hargreaves, Doug Bell, E. Choroba, Ed Avis,
2882 Father Chrysostomos, François Perrad, Hauke D, H.Merijn Brand, Hugo van der
2883 Sanden, Ivan Pozdeev, James E Keenan, James Raspass, Jarkko Hietaniemi, Jerry
2884 D. Hedden, Jim Cromie, J. Nick Koston, John Lightsey, Karen Etheridge, Karl
2885 Williamson, Leon Timmermans, Lukas Mai, Matthew Horsfall, Maxwell Carey, Misty
2886 De Meo, Neil Bowers, Nicholas Clark, Nicolas R., Niko Tyni, Pali, Paul
2887 Marquess, Peter Avalos, Petr Písař, Pino Toscano, Rafael Garcia-Suarez, Reini
2888 Urban, Renee Baecker, Ricardo Signes, Richard Levitte, Rick Delaney, Salvador
2889 Fandiño, Samuel Thibault, Sawyer X, Sébastien Aperghis-Tramoni, Sergey
2890 Aleynikov, Shlomi Fish, Smylers, Stefan Seifert, Steffen Müller, Stevan
2891 Little, Steve Hay, Steven Humphrey, Sullivan Beck, Theo Buehler, Thomas Sibley,
2892 Todd Rinaldo, Tomasz Konojacki, Tony Cook, Unicode Consortium, Yaroslav Kuzmin,
2895 The list above is almost certainly incomplete as it is automatically generated
2896 from version control history. In particular, it does not include the names of
2897 the (very much appreciated) contributors who reported issues to the Perl bug
2900 Many of the changes included in this version originated in the CPAN modules
2901 included in Perl's core. We're grateful to the entire CPAN community for
2902 helping Perl to flourish.
2904 For a more complete list of all of Perl's historical contributors, please see
2905 the F<AUTHORS> file in the Perl source distribution.
2907 =head1 Reporting Bugs
2909 If you find what you think is a bug, you might check the articles recently
2910 posted to the comp.lang.perl.misc newsgroup and the perl bug database at
2911 L<https://rt.perl.org/> . There may also be information at
2912 L<http://www.perl.org/> , the Perl Home Page.
2914 If you believe you have an unreported bug, please run the L<perlbug> program
2915 included with your release. Be sure to trim your bug down to a tiny but
2916 sufficient test case. Your bug report, along with the output of C<perl -V>,
2917 will be sent off to perlbug@perl.org to be analysed by the Perl porting team.
2919 If the bug you are reporting has security implications which make it
2920 inappropriate to send to a publicly archived mailing list, then see
2921 L<perlsec/SECURITY VULNERABILITY CONTACT INFORMATION>
2922 for details of how to report the issue.
2926 The F<Changes> file for an explanation of how to view exhaustive details on
2929 The F<INSTALL> file for how to build Perl.
2931 The F<README> file for general stuff.
2933 The F<Artistic> and F<Copying> files for copyright information.